sentences:  The vans were also used in the occupied Soviet Union, for example in smaller clearing actions in the Minsk ghetto, and in Yugoslavia.Apparently, as with the mass shootings, the vans caused emotional problems for the operators, and the small number of victims the vans could handle made them ineffective.Christian Gerlach writes that over three million Jews were murdered in 1942, the year that "marked the peak" of the mass murder.