sentences:  Austrian administration returned, but wartime reality and destruction of the town had a negative effect on the population, and the quality of life deteriorated.On 12 October 1918, Rzeszów's mayor, together with the town council, sent a message to Warsaw, announcing loyalty to the independent Polish government.On November 1, after clashes with German and Austrian troops, Rzeszów was liberated, and the next day, mayor Roman Krogulski took a pledge of allegiance to the Polish state.