sentences:  A second performance advantage relates to the 3T1C cell has separate transistors for reading and writing; the memory controller can exploit this feature to perform atomic read-modify-writes, where a value is read, modified, and then written back as a single, indivisible operation (Jacob, p. 459).The one-transistor, zero-capacitor (1T) DRAM cell has been a topic of research since the late-1990s.