sentences:  Many varieties also use a near future constructed with the phrasal verb "be going to".Further aspectual distinctions are encoded by the use of auxiliary verbs, primarily "have" and "be", which encode the contrast between a perfect and non-perfect past tense ("I have run" vs. "I was running"), and compound tenses such as preterite perfect ("I had been running") and present perfect ("I have been running").For the expression of mood, English uses a number of modal auxiliaries, such as "can", "may", "will", "shall" and the past tense forms "could", "might", "would", "should".