sentences:  The corresponding bifurcation may be either a Hopf bifurcation to a globally oscillating homogeneous state with a dominant wave number or a "Turing bifurcation" to a globally patterned state with a dominant finite wave number.The latter in two spatial dimensions typically leads to stripe or hexagonal patterns.For the Fitzhugh–Nagumo example, the neutral stability curves marking the boundary of the linearly stable region for the Turing and Hopf bifurcation are given by
  
  If the bifurcation is subcritical, often localized structures (dissipative solitons) can be observed in the hysteretic region where the pattern coexists with the ground state.