sentences:  A railway to serve Barnard Castle was proposed in 1852 that bypassed the Duke of Cleveland's estate, running from junction near North Road station and following the River Tees to Barnard Castle.An application in 1852 failed, but the "Darlington & Barnard Castle Railway Act" was given Royal Assent on 3 July 1854 and the railway opened on 8 July 1856.Both the South Durham & Lancashire Union Railway (SD&LUR) and the Eden Valley Railway (EVR) companies were formed on 20 September 1856.