sentences:  The map was then used as the base for conducting diving programs using both French and US manned submersibles.These were the CYAMEX and RISE expeditions; the latter led by Spiess and Ken Macdonald.One of Spiess' projects during the RISE expedition (with Bruce Luyendyk) was to use the manned submersible ALVIN for seafloor gravity measurements across the axis of spreading.