sentences:  A 2013 study looked at more than 110,000 articles from 492 journals with delayed open access and found the impact factor of articles in delayed open access journals was twice as high as traditional closed access journals (and three times as high as gold open access journals).Delayed access does increase access to scholarly research literature for many, but subscribing institutions continue to pay for immediate access during the embargo period.The wide range in embargo lengths – and the fact that open access is both defined and intended as the state of "immediate access" – limits the meaningfulness of classifying journals as "delayed open-access" journals.