sentences:  Charles de Gaulle had led the Resistance abroad, while the PCF was nicknamed the "party of the 75,000 executed" ("parti des 75 000 fusillés") because it had spearheaded the Resistance in metropolitan France.On the other hand, the Radical-Socialist Party, which symbolized by itself the French Third Republic (1871–1940), was completely discredited for the role it had taken both before and during the war; equally, the conservative parties were vilified for their role during the Collaboration.The March 1944 Charter of the Conseil National de la Résistance (CNR), the umbrella organization of the Resistance which was dominated by the Communist Francs-tireurs partisans (FTP), envisioned the establishment of a social democracy, including a planned economy.