41583 ÷ 3 = 13861 R0
Alright, let's work through the division of 41583 by 3 step by step.

Step 1:
3 goes into 4 1 times with a remainder of 1.
Write down 1 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 1
Subtract 3 from 4 to get 1.
Bring next digit (1) of the dividend behind the 1 and repeat the process: 11 / 3

Step 2:
3 goes into 11 3 times with a remainder of 2.
Write down 3 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 13
Subtract 9 from 11 to get 2.
Bring next digit (5) of the dividend behind the 2 and repeat the process: 25 / 3

Step 3:
3 goes into 25 8 times with a remainder of 1.
Write down 8 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 138
Subtract 24 from 25 to get 1.
Bring next digit (8) of the dividend behind the 1 and repeat the process: 18 / 3

Step 4:
3 goes into 18 6 times with a remainder of 0.
Write down 6 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 1386
Subtract 18 from 18 to get 0.
Bring next digit (3) of the dividend behind the 0 and repeat the process: 3 / 3

Step 5:
3 goes into 3 1 times with a remainder of 0.
Write down 1 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 13861
Subtract 3 from 3 to get 0.

The final result is 13861 with a remainder of 0.