509634 ÷ 10 
We're looking to find how many times 10 goes into 509634.

On to step 1:
If we divide 5 by 10, we get 0 and a remainder of 5.
Use 0 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 0.0
Subtracting 0 from 5 leaves us with 5.
Include the next digit (0) from the dividend after 5, then repeat: 50 / 10

Moving on to step 2:
When dividing 50 by 10, we get 5 with a remainder of 0.
The next digit of our result is 5. 
Result so far: 5.0
Deduct 50 from 50 and we're left with 0.
Fetch the next digit (9) from the dividend, attach it to 0 and continue: 9 / 10

Advancing to step 3:
When dividing 9 by 10, we get 0 with a remainder of 9.
Put 0 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 50.0
Subtracting 0 from 9 leaves us with 9.
Append the next digit (6) from the dividend to 9 and continue with: 96 / 10

Step 4:
The number 10 fits into 96 9 times, leaving a remainder of 6.
Use 9 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 509.0
Deduct 90 from 96 and we're left with 6.
Include the next digit (3) from the dividend after 6, then repeat: 63 / 10

Step 5:
10 goes into 63 6 times with a remainder of 3.
Record the quotient 6 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 5096.0
If we subtract 60 from 63, we get 3.
Append the next digit (4) from the dividend to 3 and continue with: 34 / 10

Advancing to step 6:
When dividing 34 by 10, we get 3 with a remainder of 4.
Use 3 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 50963.0
If we take 30 away from 34, we end up with 4.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 40, and continue the process.

Step 7:
When dividing 40 by 10, we get 4 with a remainder of 0.
The next digit of our result is 4. 
Result so far: 50963.4
Subtracting 40 from 40 leaves us with 0.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 0, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 8:
If we divide 0 by 10, we get 0 and a remainder of 0.
Record the quotient 0 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 50963.4
Subtracting 0 from 0 leaves us with 0.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 0, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 9:
If we divide 0 by 10, we get 0 and a remainder of 0.
Record the quotient 0 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 50963.4
Subtract 0 from 0 to get 0.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 0, and continue the process.

The quotient of the division is 50963.4, and the remainder is 0.0.