723731 ÷ 42 
We're looking to find how many times 42 goes into 723731.

Step 1:
42 can be fit into 7 0 times, resulting in a remainder of 7.
Record the quotient 0 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 0.0
If we take 0 away from 7, we end up with 7.
Grab the next digit (2) from the dividend, add it to 7, then carry on: 72 / 42

Step 2:
If we divide 72 by 42, we get 1 and a remainder of 30.
Use 1 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 1.0
Deduct 42 from 72 and we're left with 30.
Take the next digit (3) from the dividend and append it to 30, then repeat: 303 / 42

On to step 3:
303 divided by 42 is 7 with a remainder of 9.
Use 7 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 17.0
Deduct 294 from 303 and we're left with 9.
Fetch the next digit (7) from the dividend, attach it to 9 and continue: 97 / 42

On to step 4:
The number 42 fits into 97 2 times, leaving a remainder of 13.
Use 2 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 172.0
The remainder is 13 after subtracting 84 from 97.
Fetch the next digit (3) from the dividend, attach it to 13 and continue: 133 / 42

Moving on to step 5:
133 divided by 42 is 3 with a remainder of 7.
Use 3 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 1723.0
The remainder is 7 after subtracting 126 from 133.
Grab the next digit (1) from the dividend, add it to 7, then carry on: 71 / 42

On to step 6:
The number 42 fits into 71 1 times, leaving a remainder of 29.
Record the quotient 1 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 17231.0
Subtracting 42 from 71 leaves us with 29.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 290, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 7:
If we divide 290 by 42, we get 6 and a remainder of 38.
Record the quotient 6 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 17231.6
Deduct 252 from 290 and we're left with 38.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 380, and continue the process.

Step 8:
42 can be fit into 380 9 times, resulting in a remainder of 2.
Put 9 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 17231.69
If we take 378 away from 380, we end up with 2.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 20, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 9:
When dividing 20 by 42, we get 0 with a remainder of 20.
The number 0 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 17231.69
Subtracting 0 from 20 leaves us with 20.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 200, and continue the process.

On to step 10:
If we divide 200 by 42, we get 4 and a remainder of 32.
Put 4 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 17231.6904
Subtracting 168 from 200 leaves us with 32.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 320, and continue the process.

On to step 11:
When dividing 320 by 42, we get 7 with a remainder of 26.
Put 7 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 17231.69047
Subtracting 294 from 320 leaves us with 26.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 260, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 12:
260 divided by 42 is 6 with a remainder of 8.
Write down 6 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 17231.690476
Deduct 252 from 260 and we're left with 8.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 80, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 13:
If we divide 80 by 42, we get 1 and a remainder of 38.
The number 1 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 17231.6904761
If we take 42 away from 80, we end up with 38.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 380, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 14:
The number 42 fits into 380 9 times, leaving a remainder of 2.
The next digit of our result is 9. 
Result so far: 17231.69047619
Subtract 378 from 380 to get 2.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 20, and continue the process.

The final outcome is 17231.69047619, with a leftover of 2e-09.