We look at the division of 580854 by 42 
We're looking to find how many times 42 goes into 580854.

On to step 1:
42 can be fit into 5 0 times, resulting in a remainder of 5.
The number 0 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 0.0
The remainder is 5 after subtracting 0 from 5.
Fetch the next digit (8) from the dividend, attach it to 5 and continue: 58 / 42

Step 2:
If we divide 58 by 42, we get 1 and a remainder of 16.
The number 1 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 1.0
Deduct 42 from 58 and we're left with 16.
Include the next digit (0) from the dividend after 16, then repeat: 160 / 42

Moving on to step 3:
42 can be fit into 160 3 times, resulting in a remainder of 34.
Use 3 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 13.0
Subtract 126 from 160 to get 34.
Bring next digit (8) of the dividend behind the 34 and repeat the process: 348 / 42

Advancing to step 4:
When dividing 348 by 42, we get 8 with a remainder of 12.
Put 8 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 138.0
Subtracting 336 from 348 leaves us with 12.
Grab the next digit (5) from the dividend, add it to 12, then carry on: 125 / 42

Let's proceed to step 5:
42 goes into 125 2 times with a remainder of 41.
Write down 2 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 1382.0
Deduct 84 from 125 and we're left with 41.
Bring next digit (4) of the dividend behind the 41 and repeat the process: 414 / 42

Step 6:
42 goes into 414 9 times with a remainder of 36.
Put 9 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 13829.0
If we take 378 away from 414, we end up with 36.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 360, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 7:
42 can be fit into 360 8 times, resulting in a remainder of 24.
The next digit of our result is 8. 
Result so far: 13829.8
Subtract 336 from 360 to get 24.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 240, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 8:
240 divided by 42 is 5 with a remainder of 30.
The next digit of our result is 5. 
Result so far: 13829.85
Subtract 210 from 240 to get 30.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 300, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 9:
The number 42 fits into 300 7 times, leaving a remainder of 6.
Use 7 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 13829.857
Subtract 294 from 300 to get 6.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 60, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 10:
If we divide 60 by 42, we get 1 and a remainder of 18.
Write down 1 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 13829.8571
Deduct 42 from 60 and we're left with 18.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 180, and continue the process.

On to step 11:
180 divided by 42 is 4 with a remainder of 12.
Put 4 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 13829.85714
Subtract 168 from 180 to get 12.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 120, and continue the process.

On to step 12:
The number 42 fits into 120 2 times, leaving a remainder of 36.
Record the quotient 2 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 13829.857142
If we take 84 away from 120, we end up with 36.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 360, and continue the process.

Step 13:
42 goes into 360 8 times with a remainder of 24.
Write down 8 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 13829.8571428
Subtract 336 from 360 to get 24.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 240, and continue the process.

On to step 14:
When dividing 240 by 42, we get 5 with a remainder of 30.
The number 5 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 13829.85714285
Subtract 210 from 240 to get 30.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 300, and continue the process.

The final outcome is 13829.85714285, with a leftover of 3e-08.