OK, let's crack this. We're given 589 and our task is to multiply it by 31. Essentially, we'll be adding 589 to itself 31 times.
Step 1: 0 + 589 = 589
Step 2: 589 + 589 = 1178
Step 3: 1178 + 589 = 1767
Step 4: 1767 + 589 = 2356
Step 5: 2356 + 589 = 2945
Step 6: 2945 + 589 = 3534
Step 7: 3534 + 589 = 4123
Step 8: 4123 + 589 = 4712
Step 9: 4712 + 589 = 5301
Step 10: 5301 + 589 = 5890
Step 11: 5890 + 589 = 6479
Step 12: 6479 + 589 = 7068
Step 13: 7068 + 589 = 7657
Step 14: 7657 + 589 = 8246
Step 15: 8246 + 589 = 8835
Step 16: 8835 + 589 = 9424
Step 17: 9424 + 589 = 10013
Step 18: 10013 + 589 = 10602
Step 19: 10602 + 589 = 11191
Step 20: 11191 + 589 = 11780
Step 21: 11780 + 589 = 12369
Step 22: 12369 + 589 = 12958
Step 23: 12958 + 589 = 13547
Step 24: 13547 + 589 = 14136
Step 25: 14136 + 589 = 14725
Step 26: 14725 + 589 = 15314
Step 27: 15314 + 589 = 15903
Step 28: 15903 + 589 = 16492
Step 29: 16492 + 589 = 17081
Step 30: 17081 + 589 = 17670
Step 31: 17670 + 589 = 18259

So, 589*31 = 18259