40831 ÷ 9 = 4536 R7
Alright, let's work through the division of 40831 by 9 step by step.

Step 1:
9 goes into 4 0 times with a remainder of 4.
Write down 0 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 0
Subtract 0 from 4 to get 4.
Bring next digit (0) of the dividend behind the 4 and repeat the process: 40 / 9

Step 2:
9 goes into 40 4 times with a remainder of 4.
Write down 4 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 4
Subtract 36 from 40 to get 4.
Bring next digit (8) of the dividend behind the 4 and repeat the process: 48 / 9

Step 3:
9 goes into 48 5 times with a remainder of 3.
Write down 5 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 45
Subtract 45 from 48 to get 3.
Bring next digit (3) of the dividend behind the 3 and repeat the process: 33 / 9

Step 4:
9 goes into 33 3 times with a remainder of 6.
Write down 3 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 453
Subtract 27 from 33 to get 6.
Bring next digit (1) of the dividend behind the 6 and repeat the process: 61 / 9

Step 5:
9 goes into 61 6 times with a remainder of 7.
Write down 6 as next digit of of the result. 
Result so far: 4536
Subtract 54 from 61 to get 7.

The final result is 4536 with a remainder of 7.