Let's roll up our sleeves and solve this. We have 342 and we're going to multiply it by 16, essentially adding 342 to itself 16 times.
Step 1: 0 + 342 = 342
Step 2: 342 + 342 = 684
Step 3: 684 + 342 = 1026
Step 4: 1026 + 342 = 1368
Step 5: 1368 + 342 = 1710
Step 6: 1710 + 342 = 2052
Step 7: 2052 + 342 = 2394
Step 8: 2394 + 342 = 2736
Step 9: 2736 + 342 = 3078
Step 10: 3078 + 342 = 3420
Step 11: 3420 + 342 = 3762
Step 12: 3762 + 342 = 4104
Step 13: 4104 + 342 = 4446
Step 14: 4446 + 342 = 4788
Step 15: 4788 + 342 = 5130
Step 16: 5130 + 342 = 5472

So, 342*16 = 5472