Let's divide 541871 by 42
We want to figure out the number of times 541871 can be divided by 42.

Let's proceed to step 1:
42 can be fit into 5 0 times, resulting in a remainder of 5.
The next digit of our result is 0. 
Result so far: 0.0
The remainder is 5 after subtracting 0 from 5.
Take the next digit (4) from the dividend and append it to 5, then repeat: 54 / 42

On to step 2:
The number 42 fits into 54 1 times, leaving a remainder of 12.
The number 1 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 1.0
Deduct 42 from 54 and we're left with 12.
Grab the next digit (1) from the dividend, add it to 12, then carry on: 121 / 42

On to step 3:
When dividing 121 by 42, we get 2 with a remainder of 37.
Use 2 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 12.0
Subtract 84 from 121 to get 37.
Take the next digit (8) from the dividend and append it to 37, then repeat: 378 / 42

Advancing to step 4:
42 can be fit into 378 9 times, resulting in a remainder of 0.
The next digit of our result is 9. 
Result so far: 129.0
If we subtract 378 from 378, we get 0.
Take the next digit (7) from the dividend and append it to 0, then repeat: 7 / 42

Let's proceed to step 5:
42 goes into 7 0 times with a remainder of 7.
Use 0 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 1290.0
The remainder is 7 after subtracting 0 from 7.
Include the next digit (1) from the dividend after 7, then repeat: 71 / 42

Advancing to step 6:
71 divided by 42 is 1 with a remainder of 29.
The number 1 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 12901.0
If we subtract 42 from 71, we get 29.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 290, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 7:
42 goes into 290 6 times with a remainder of 38.
The next digit of our result is 6. 
Result so far: 12901.6
Subtract 252 from 290 to get 38.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 380, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 8:
380 divided by 42 is 9 with a remainder of 2.
Use 9 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 12901.69
Subtracting 378 from 380 leaves us with 2.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 20, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 9:
The number 42 fits into 20 0 times, leaving a remainder of 20.
Write down 0 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 12901.69
The remainder is 20 after subtracting 0 from 20.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 200, and continue the process.

On to step 10:
42 goes into 200 4 times with a remainder of 32.
The next digit of our result is 4. 
Result so far: 12901.6904
Subtracting 168 from 200 leaves us with 32.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 320, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 11:
The number 42 fits into 320 7 times, leaving a remainder of 26.
Put 7 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 12901.69047
Subtracting 294 from 320 leaves us with 26.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 260, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 12:
When dividing 260 by 42, we get 6 with a remainder of 8.
Write down 6 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 12901.690476
If we subtract 252 from 260, we get 8.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 80, and continue the process.

Step 13:
If we divide 80 by 42, we get 1 and a remainder of 38.
The next digit of our result is 1. 
Result so far: 12901.6904761
If we take 42 away from 80, we end up with 38.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 380, and continue the process.

Step 14:
42 goes into 380 9 times with a remainder of 2.
Record the quotient 9 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 12901.69047619
Subtracting 378 from 380 leaves us with 2.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 20, and continue the process.

After the division, we end up with 12901.69047619 and a remainder of 2e-09.