501651 ÷ 42 
Let's see how many times 42 fits into 501651.

On to step 1:
When dividing 5 by 42, we get 0 with a remainder of 5.
Record the quotient 0 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 0.0
If we take 0 away from 5, we end up with 5.
Take the next digit (0) from the dividend and append it to 5, then repeat: 50 / 42

Advancing to step 2:
The number 42 fits into 50 1 times, leaving a remainder of 8.
Use 1 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 1.0
If we subtract 42 from 50, we get 8.
Bring next digit (1) of the dividend behind the 8 and repeat the process: 81 / 42

Advancing to step 3:
If we divide 81 by 42, we get 1 and a remainder of 39.
The number 1 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 11.0
Subtracting 42 from 81 leaves us with 39.
Bring next digit (6) of the dividend behind the 39 and repeat the process: 396 / 42

Moving on to step 4:
The number 42 fits into 396 9 times, leaving a remainder of 18.
Record the quotient 9 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 119.0
If we take 378 away from 396, we end up with 18.
Append the next digit (5) from the dividend to 18 and continue with: 185 / 42

On to step 5:
42 can be fit into 185 4 times, resulting in a remainder of 17.
The next digit of our result is 4. 
Result so far: 1194.0
If we take 168 away from 185, we end up with 17.
Grab the next digit (1) from the dividend, add it to 17, then carry on: 171 / 42

On to step 6:
171 divided by 42 is 4 with a remainder of 3.
Put 4 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 11944.0
Subtract 168 from 171 to get 3.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 30, and continue the process.

Step 7:
If we divide 30 by 42, we get 0 and a remainder of 30.
Use 0 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 11944.0
If we take 0 away from 30, we end up with 30.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 300, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 8:
42 can be fit into 300 7 times, resulting in a remainder of 6.
The next digit of our result is 7. 
Result so far: 11944.07
Deduct 294 from 300 and we're left with 6.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 60, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 9:
If we divide 60 by 42, we get 1 and a remainder of 18.
Put 1 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 11944.071
If we subtract 42 from 60, we get 18.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 180, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 10:
The number 42 fits into 180 4 times, leaving a remainder of 12.
Use 4 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 11944.0714
If we subtract 168 from 180, we get 12.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 120, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 11:
The number 42 fits into 120 2 times, leaving a remainder of 36.
The next digit of our result is 2. 
Result so far: 11944.07142
If we subtract 84 from 120, we get 36.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 360, and continue the process.

Step 12:
42 goes into 360 8 times with a remainder of 24.
Put 8 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 11944.071428
Subtract 336 from 360 to get 24.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 240, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 13:
240 divided by 42 is 5 with a remainder of 30.
Write down 5 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 11944.0714285
The remainder is 30 after subtracting 210 from 240.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 300, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 14:
The number 42 fits into 300 7 times, leaving a remainder of 6.
The next digit of our result is 7. 
Result so far: 11944.07142857
Deduct 294 from 300 and we're left with 6.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 60, and continue the process.

Our division results in 11944.07142857 with a remaining 6e-09.