Let's break this down. We're going to add 4311 and 1997 together.

Step 1: We'll start by adding the digits 1 & 7 in column 1 and get 8.

Step 2: We'll start by adding the digits 1 & 9 in column 2 and get 10.
We'll write down the last digit 0 and carry the 1 to the next column.

Step 3: We'll start by adding the digits 3 & 9 in column 3 and get 13.
We'll write down the last digit 3 and carry the 1 to the next column.

Step 4: We'll start by adding the digits 4 & 1 in column 4 and get 6.

So, 4311 + 1997 = 6308.

