588742 ÷ 42 
We want to figure out the number of times 588742 can be divided by 42.

Step 1:
If we divide 5 by 42, we get 0 and a remainder of 5.
The number 0 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 0.0
If we take 0 away from 5, we end up with 5.
Bring next digit (8) of the dividend behind the 5 and repeat the process: 58 / 42

Moving on to step 2:
58 divided by 42 is 1 with a remainder of 16.
Write down 1 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 1.0
Subtracting 42 from 58 leaves us with 16.
Grab the next digit (8) from the dividend, add it to 16, then carry on: 168 / 42

Let's proceed to step 3:
42 goes into 168 4 times with a remainder of 0.
Write down 4 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 14.0
Deduct 168 from 168 and we're left with 0.
Append the next digit (7) from the dividend to 0 and continue with: 7 / 42

Advancing to step 4:
The number 42 fits into 7 0 times, leaving a remainder of 7.
Put 0 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 140.0
The remainder is 7 after subtracting 0 from 7.
Include the next digit (4) from the dividend after 7, then repeat: 74 / 42

Moving on to step 5:
When dividing 74 by 42, we get 1 with a remainder of 32.
The next digit of our result is 1. 
Result so far: 1401.0
Subtracting 42 from 74 leaves us with 32.
Include the next digit (2) from the dividend after 32, then repeat: 322 / 42

Moving on to step 6:
42 can be fit into 322 7 times, resulting in a remainder of 28.
Put 7 as the next digit of the answer. 
Result so far: 14017.0
The remainder is 28 after subtracting 294 from 322.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 280, and continue the process.

Step 7:
If we divide 280 by 42, we get 6 and a remainder of 28.
Record the quotient 6 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 14017.6
Deduct 252 from 280 and we're left with 28.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 280, and continue the process.

Let's proceed to step 8:
If we divide 280 by 42, we get 6 and a remainder of 28.
The number 6 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 14017.66
If we take 252 away from 280, we end up with 28.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 280, and continue the process.

After the division, we end up with 14017.66 and a remainder of 0.028.