42680 ÷ 37 
We want to figure out the number of times 42680 can be divided by 37.

Advancing to step 1:
4 divided by 37 is 0 with a remainder of 4.
The number 0 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 0.0
Subtracting 0 from 4 leaves us with 4.
Take the next digit (2) from the dividend and append it to 4, then repeat: 42 / 37

Going ahead to step 2:
If we divide 42 by 37, we get 1 and a remainder of 5.
The next digit of our result is 1. 
Result so far: 1.0
Deduct 37 from 42 and we're left with 5.
Grab the next digit (6) from the dividend, add it to 5, then carry on: 56 / 37

On to step 3:
37 can be fit into 56 1 times, resulting in a remainder of 19.
The next digit of our result is 1. 
Result so far: 11.0
If we take 37 away from 56, we end up with 19.
Take the next digit (8) from the dividend and append it to 19, then repeat: 198 / 37

On to step 4:
If we divide 198 by 37, we get 5 and a remainder of 13.
Write down 5 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 115.0
If we take 185 away from 198, we end up with 13.
Take the next digit (0) from the dividend and append it to 13, then repeat: 130 / 37

Moving on to step 5:
37 goes into 130 3 times with a remainder of 19.
Write down 3 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 1153.0
Deduct 111 from 130 and we're left with 19.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 190, and continue the process.

Advancing to step 6:
If we divide 190 by 37, we get 5 and a remainder of 5.
Use 5 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 1153.5
If we subtract 185 from 190, we get 5.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 50, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 7:
The number 37 fits into 50 1 times, leaving a remainder of 13.
The next digit of our result is 1. 
Result so far: 1153.51
If we subtract 37 from 50, we get 13.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 130, and continue the process.

On to step 8:
37 goes into 130 3 times with a remainder of 19.
The number 3 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 1153.513
If we subtract 111 from 130, we get 19.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 190, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 9:
37 can be fit into 190 5 times, resulting in a remainder of 5.
Record the quotient 5 as the next digit in the result. 
Result so far: 1153.5135
Deduct 185 from 190 and we're left with 5.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 50, and continue the process.

Step 10:
37 goes into 50 1 times with a remainder of 13.
The number 1 becomes the next digit in our result. 
Result so far: 1153.51351
The remainder is 13 after subtracting 37 from 50.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 130, and continue the process.

Step 11:
If we divide 130 by 37, we get 3 and a remainder of 19.
Write down 3 as next digit of the result. 
Result so far: 1153.513513
If we take 111 away from 130, we end up with 19.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 190, and continue the process.

Moving on to step 12:
190 divided by 37 is 5 with a remainder of 5.
The next digit of our result is 5. 
Result so far: 1153.5135135
Subtracting 185 from 190 leaves us with 5.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 50, and continue the process.

Going ahead to step 13:
50 divided by 37 is 1 with a remainder of 13.
Use 1 as the next digit of our solution. 
Result so far: 1153.51351351
If we subtract 37 from 50, we get 13.
Since there are no more digits in the dividend, we add a zero to the remainder making it 130, and continue the process.

The final outcome is 1153.51351351, with a leftover of 1.3e-08.