Statements. 

Income Taxes 

Our effective tax rate reflects the tax benefits of having significant operations outside the United States, which are generally taxed at rates lower than the U.S. statutory rate o3f5 percent. As a result of employment actions and capital investments made by the Company, certain tax jurisdictions provide income tax incentive grants, including Brazil, Costa Rica, Singapore and Swaziland. The terms of these grants expire from 2016 to 2023. We anticipate that we will be able to extend or renew the grants in these locations. Tax incentive grants favorably impacted our income tax expense by $265 million, $279 million and $280 million for the years endedDecember 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, our effective tax rate reflects the benefits of having significant earnings generated in investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting, which are generally taxed at rates lower than the U.S. statutory rate. 

Includes a $6 million tax expense on a pretax net charge of $372 million (or a 1.5 percent impact on our effective tax rate) due to the remeasurement of the net monetary assets of our local Venezuelan subsidiary into U.S. dollars using the SICAD 2 exchange rate. Refer to Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

2  Includes a tax expense of $18 million (or a 0.2 percent impact on our effective tax rate) related to amounts required to be recorded for changes to our uncertain tax positions, including interest and penalties, in various international jurisdictions. 

3  Includes a tax expense of $55 million on a pretax charge of $352 million (or a 1.9 percent impact on our effective tax rate) primarily due to an impairment of a Venezuelan trademark, a write-down the Company recorded on the concentrate sales receivables from our bottling partner in Venezuela, a charge associated with certain of the Company's fixed assets, and as a result of the restructuring and transition of the Company's Russian juice operations to an existing joint venture with an unconsolidated bottling partner. Refer to Note 1 and Note 17 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

4  Includes a tax benefit of $191 million on pretax charges of $809 million (or a 1 percent impact on our effective tax rate) primarily related to the Company's productivity and reinvestment program as well as other restructuring initiatives. Refer to Note 18 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

5  Includes a tax benefit of $26 million (or a 0.2 percent impact on our effective tax rate) related to amounts required to be recorded for changes to our uncertain tax positions, including interest and penalties, in various international jurisdictions. 

6  Includes a tax expense of $279 million on pretax net gains of $501 million (or a 0.9 percent impact on our effective tax rate) related to the deconsolidation of our Brazilian bottling operations upon their combination with an independent bottler and a loss due to the merger of four of the Company's Japanese bottling partners. Refer to Note 2 and Note 17 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

7  Includes a tax expense of $3 million (or a 0.5 percent impact on