$1.14 billion also contributed to the decline. Partially offsetting these decreases were lower operating expenses of $240 million. Foreign currency effects decreased earnings by $25 million in 2016, compared to an increase of $47 million a year earlier.

International downstream earned $4.42 billion in 2015, compared with $1.70 billion in 2014. The increase was primarily due to a $1.6 billion gain from the sale of the company's interest in Caltex Australia in second quarter 2015 and higher margins on refined product sales of $690 million. Foreign currency effects increased earnings by $47 million in 2015, compared to a decrease of $112 million a year earlier.

Total refined product sales of 1.46 million barrels per day in 2016 were down 3 percent from 2015. Excluding the effects of the Caltex Australia Limited divestment, refined product sales were down 1 percent, primarily reflecting lower fuel oil sales. Sales of 1.51 million barrels per day in 2015 were essentially unchanged from 2014.

Refer to the “Selected Operating Data” table, on page FS-12, for a three-year comparison of sales volumes of gasoline and other refined products and refinery input volumes.

All Other

All Other consists of worldwide cash management and debt financing activities, corporate administrative functions, insurance operations, real estate activities, and technology companies.

Net charges in 2016 increased $342 million from 2015, mainly due to higher corporate charges, interest expense and corporate tax items, partially offset by lower environmental reserve additions and lower charges related to reductions in corporate staffs. Net charges in 2015 decreased $935 million from 2014, mainly due to lower corporate tax items and the absence of 2014 charges related to mining assets, partially offset by higher charges related to reductions in corporate staffs.

Consolidated Statement of Income

Comparative amounts for certain income statement categories are shown below:

Sales and other operating revenues decreased in 2016 primarily due to lower refined product and crude oil prices, partially offset by higher crude oil volumes. The decrease between 2015 and 2014 was primarily due to lower refined product and crude oil prices, partially offset by higher refined product and crude oil volumes

Income from equity affiliates decreased in 2016 from 2015 primarily due to lower upstream-related earnings from Tengizchevroil in Kazakhstan and Petroboscan in Venezuela, and lower downstream-related earnings from CPChem and GS Caltex in South Korea.

Income from equity affiliates decreased in 2015 from 2014 mainly due to lower earnings from Tengizchevroil in Kazakhstan, CPChem, Angola LNG and the effect of the sale of Caltex Australia Limited in second quarter 2015. Partially offsetting these effects were higher earnings from GS Caltex in South Korea and Petropiar in Venezuela.

Refer to Note 16, beginning on page FS-43, for a discussion of Chevron’s investments in affiliated companies.

Other income of $1.6 billion in 2016 included net gains from asset sales of $1.1 billion before-tax. Other income in 2015 and 2014 included net gains from asset sales of $3.2 billion and $3.6 billion