expenses:     Restructuring expenses consist of employee severance costs and may also include charges for duplicate facilities and other contract termination costs to improve our cost structure prospectively. Beginning in fiscal 2010, our adoption of the FASB’s revised accounting standard for business combinations required that, in connection with any prospective acquisition, we record involuntary employee termination and other exit costs associated with such acquisition to restructuring expenses in our consolidated financial statements. For additional information regarding our Oracle-based and acquired company restructuring plans, see Note 9 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report.

Fiscal 2011 Compared to Fiscal 2010:     Restructuring expenses in fiscal 2011 primarily related to our Sun Restructuring Plan, which our management approved, committed to and initiated in order to better align our cost structure as a result of our acquisition of Sun. To a lesser extent, we also incurred expenses associated with other Oracle-based plans, which our management approved, committed to and initiated in order to restructure and further improve efficiencies in our Oracle-based operations. We incurred restructuring expenses of $439 million in connection with the Sun Restructuring Plan in fiscal 2011. The total estimated remaining restructuring costs associated with the Sun Restructuring Plan are approximately $250 million, and will be recorded to the restructuring expense line item within our consolidated statements of operations as the costs are incurred. Our estimated costs may be subject to change in future periods. Restructuring expenses in fiscal 2010 were as noted below.

Fiscal 2010 Compared to Fiscal 2009:     During fiscal 2010, we recorded restructuring expenses primarily in connection with our Sun Restructuring Plan and our Fiscal 2009 Oracle Restructuring Plan (2009 Plan). During fiscal 2009, we primarily incurred restructuring expenses associated with the 2009 Plan.

Interest Expense: 

Fiscal 2011 Compared to Fiscal 2010:     Interest expense increased in fiscal 2011 due to higher average borrowings resulting primarily from our issuance of $3.25 billion of senior notes in July 2010 (see additional discussion in Liquidity and Capital Resources below and Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report). This interest expense increase was partially offset by a reduction in interest expense associated with the maturities and repayments of $2.25 billion of senior notes, which matured in January 2011, and $1.0 billion of floating rate senior notes and related variable to fixed interest rate swap agreements in May 2010.

Fiscal 2010 Compared to Fiscal 2009:     Interest expense increased in fiscal 2010 due to higher average borrowings resulting from our issuance of $4.5 billion of senior notes in July 2009 and, to a lesser extent, our issuance of $2.8 billion of commercial paper notes in fiscal 2010 of which $881 million was outstanding as of May 31, 2010. These increases were partially offset by a reduction in interest expense associated with the