Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Corporate Tax Dodging Prevention
Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFERRAL OF ACTIVE INCOME OF CONTROLLED FOREIGN CORPORATIONS.

    Section 952 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Special Application of Subpart.--
            ``(1) In general.--For taxable years beginning after
        December 31, 2013, notwithstanding any other provision of this
        subpart, the term `subpart F income' means, in the case of any
        controlled foreign corporation, the income of such corporation
        derived from any foreign country.
            ``(2) Applicable rules.--Rules similar to the rules under
        the last sentence of subsection (a) and subsection (d) shall
        apply to this subsection.''.

SEC. 3. MODIFICATIONS OF FOREIGN TAX CREDIT RULES APPLICABLE TO LARGE
              INTEGRATED OIL COMPANIES WHICH ARE DUAL CAPACITY
              TAXPAYERS.

    (a) In General.--Section 901 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
is amended by redesignating subsection (n) as subsection (o) and by
inserting after subsection (m) the following new subsection:
    ``(n) Special Rules Relating to Large Integrated Oil Companies
Which Are Dual Capacity Taxpayers.--
            ``(1) General rule.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
        this chapter, any amount paid or accrued by a dual capacity
        taxpayer which is a large integrated oil company to a foreign
        country or possession of the United States for any period shall
        not be considered a tax--
                    ``(A) if, for such period, the foreign country or
                possession does not impose a generally applicable
                income tax, or
                    ``(B) to the extent such amount exceeds the amount
                (determined in accordance with regulations) which--
                            ``(i) is paid by such dual capacity
                        taxpayer pursuant to the generally applicable
                        income tax imposed by the country or
                        possession, or
                            ``(ii) would be paid if the generally
                        applicable income tax imposed by the country or
                        possession were applicable to such dual
                        capacity taxpayer.
                Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to imply
                the proper treatment of any such amount not in excess
                of the amount determined under subparagraph (B).
            ``(2) Dual capacity taxpayer.--For purposes of this
        subsection, the term `dual capacity taxpayer' means, with
        respect to any foreign country or possession of the United
        States, a person who--
                    ``(A) is subject to a levy of such country or
                possession, and
                    ``(B) receives (or will receive) directly or
                indirectly a specific economic benefit (as determined
                in accordance with regulations) from such country or
                possession.
            ``(3) Generally applicable income tax.--For purposes of
        this subsection--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `generally applicable
                income tax' means an income tax (or a series of income
                taxes) which is generally imposed under the laws of a
                foreign country or possession on income derived from
                the conduct of a trade or business within such country
                or possession.
                    ``(B) Exceptions.--Such term shall not include a
                tax unless it has substantial application, by its terms
                and in practice, to--
                            ``(i) persons who are not dual capacity
                        taxpayers, and
                            ``(ii) persons who are citizens or
                        residents of the foreign country or possession.
            ``(4) Large integrated oil company.--For purposes of this
        subsection, the term `large integrated oil company' means, with
        respect to any taxable year, an integrated oil company (as
        defined in section 291(b)(4)) which--
                    ``(A) had gross receipts in excess of
                $1,000,000,000 for such taxable year, and
                    ``(B) has an average daily worldwide production of
                crude oil of at least 500,000 barrels for such taxable
                year.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--
            (1) In general.--The amendments made by this section shall
        apply to taxes paid or accrued in taxable years beginning after
        the date of the enactment of this Act.
            (2) Contrary treaty obligations upheld.--The amendments
        made by this section shall not apply to the extent contrary to
        any treaty obligation of the United States.

SEC. 4. REINSTITUTION OF PER COUNTRY FOREIGN TAX CREDIT.

    (a) In General.--Subsection (a) of section 904 of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) Limitation.--The amount of the credit in respect of the tax
paid or accrued to any foreign country or possession of the United
States shall not exceed the same proportion of the tax against which
such credit is taken which the taxpayer's taxable income from sources
within such country or possession (but not in excess of the taxpayer's
entire taxable income) bears to such taxpayer's entire taxable income
for the same taxable year.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply
to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013.

SEC. 5. TREATMENT OF FOREIGN CORPORATIONS MANAGED AND CONTROLLED IN THE
              UNITED STATES AS DOMESTIC CORPORATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 7701 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
is amended by redesignating subsection (p) as subsection (q) and by
inserting after subsection (o) the following new subsection:
    ``(p) Certain Corporations Managed and Controlled in the United
States Treated as Domestic for Income Tax.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding subsection (a)(4), in
        the case of a corporation described in paragraph (2) if--
                    ``(A) the corporation would not otherwise be
                treated as a domestic corporation for purposes of this
                title, but
                    ``(B) the management and control of the corporation
                occurs, directly or indirectly, primarily within the
                United States,
        then, solely for purposes of chapter 1 (and any other provision
        of this title relating to chapter 1), the corporation shall be
        treated as a domestic corporation.
            ``(2) Corporation described.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A corporation is described in
                this paragraph if--
                            ``(i) the stock of such corporation is
                        regularly traded on an established securities
                        market, or
                            ``(ii) the aggregate gross assets of such
                        corporation (or any predecessor thereof),
                        including assets under management for
                        investors, whether held directly or indirectly,
                        at any time during the taxable year or any
                        preceding taxable year is $50,000,000 or more.
                    ``(B) General exception.--A corporation shall not
                be treated as described in this paragraph if--
                            ``(i) such corporation was treated as a
                        corporation described in this paragraph in a
                        preceding taxable year,
                            ``(ii) such corporation--
                                    ``(I) is not regularly traded on an
                                established securities market, and
                                    ``(II) has, and is reasonably
                                expected to continue to have, aggregate
                                gross assets (including assets under
                                management for investors, whether held
                                directly or indirectly) of less than
                                $50,000,000, and
                            ``(iii) the Secretary grants a waiver to
                        such corporation under this subparagraph.
                    ``(C) Exception from gross assets test.--
                Subparagraph (A)(ii) shall not apply to a corporation
                which is a controlled foreign corporation (as defined
                in section 957) and which is a member of an affiliated
                group (as defined section 1504, but determined without
                regard to section 1504(b)(3)) the common parent of
                which--
                            ``(i) is a domestic corporation (determined
                        without regard to this subsection), and
                            ``(ii) has substantial assets (other than
                        cash and cash equivalents and other than stock
                        of foreign subsidiaries) held for use in the
                        active conduct of a trade or business in the
                        United States.
            ``(3) Management and control.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall prescribe
                regulations for purposes of determining cases in which
                the management and control of a corporation is to be
                treated as occurring primarily within the United
                States.
                    ``(B) Executive officers and senior management.--
                Such regulations shall provide that--
                            ``(i) the management and control of a
                        corporation shall be treated as occurring
                        primarily within the United States if
                        substantially all of the executive officers and
                        senior management of the corporation who
                        exercise day-to-day responsibility for making
                        decisions involving strategic, financial, and
                        operational policies of the corporation are
                        located primarily within the United States, and
                            ``(ii) individuals who are not executive
                        officers and senior management of the
                        corporation (including individuals who are
                        officers or employees of other corporations in
                        the same chain of corporations as the
                        corporation) shall be treated as executive
                        officers and senior management if such
                        individuals exercise the day-to-day
                        responsibilities of the corporation described
                        in clause (i).
                    ``(C) Corporations primarily holding investment
                assets.--Such regulations shall also provide that the
                management and control of a corporation shall be
                treated as occurring primarily within the United States
                if--
                            ``(i) the assets of such corporation
                        (directly or indirectly) consist primarily of
                        as sets being managed on behalf of investors,
                        and
                            ``(ii) decisions about how to invest the
                        assets are made in the United States.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to taxable years beginning on or after the date which is 2 years
after the date of the enactment of this Act.

Output: Corporate Tax Dodging Prevention Act - Amends the Internal Revenue Code, with respect to the taxation of the foreign-source income of domestic corporations, to: (1) eliminate the deferral of tax on the foreign-source income of U.S. corporations for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2013, (2) deny the foreign tax credit to large integrated oil companies that are dual capacity taxpayers, (3) limit the offset of the foreign tax credit to income that is subject to U.S. tax, and (4) treat foreign corporations managed and controlled in the United States as domestic corporations for U.S. tax purposes.


Input:
[Congressional Bills 111th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 681 Introduced in House (IH)]

111th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 681

  To amend the Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of
  2005 and the Communications Act of 1934 to establish a new digital
television transition date, to improve the digital-to-analog converter
                  box program, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            January 26, 2009

Mr. Waxman (for himself, Ms. Baldwin, Mr. Butterfield, Mrs. Capps, Mrs.
    Christensen, Mr. Doyle, Ms. Eshoo, Mr. Gonzalez, Mr. Gordon of
      Tennessee, Mr. Gene Green of Texas, Mr. Hill, Mr. Markey of
 Massachusetts, Mr. Rush, Ms. Schakowsky, Mr. McNerney, Ms. Castor of
  Florida, Mr. Pallone, Mr. Sarbanes, Mr. Matheson, Mr. Grayson, Mr.
  Rangel, and Mr. Pierluisi) introduced the following bill; which was
            referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

  To amend the Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of
  2005 and the Communications Act of 1934 to establish a new digital
television transition date, to improve the digital-to-analog converter
                  box program, and for other purposes.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Digital Television Transition
Extension Act of 2009''.

SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF DTV TRANSITION DEADLINE.

    (a) Amendments to Communications Act of 1934.--
            (1) Section 309.--Section 309(j)(14)(A) of the
        Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 309(j)(14)(A)) is amended
        by striking ``February 17, 2009'' and inserting ``June 12,
        2009''.
            (2) Section 337.--Section 337(e)(1) of the Communications
        Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 337(e)(1)) is amended by striking
        ``February 17, 2009'' and inserting ``June 12, 2009''.
    (b) Amendments to Digital Television Transition and Public Safety
Act of 2005.--
            (1) Section 3002.--Section 3002(b) of the Digital
        Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005 is amended
        by striking ``February 18'' each place it appears and inserting
        ``June 13''.
            (2) Section 3005.--Section 3005(c)(1) of such Act is
        amended by striking ``March 31, 2009'' and inserting ``July 31,
        2009''.
            (3) Section 3008.--Section 3008(a)(1) of such Act is
        amended by striking ``February 17, 2009'' and inserting ``June
        12, 2009''.
    (c) License Terms.--
            (1) Extension.--The Federal Communications Commission shall
        extend the terms of the licenses for the recovered spectrum,
        including the license period and construction requirements
        associated with those licenses, for a 116-day period.
            (2) Definition.--For purposes of this subsection, the term
        ``recovered spectrum'' means--
                    (A) the recovered analog spectrum, as such term is
                defined in section 309(j)(15)(C)(vi) of the
                Communications Act of 1934; and
                    (B) the spectrum excluded from the definition of
                recovered analog spectrum by subclauses (I) and (II) of
                such section.

SEC. 3. MODIFICATION OF DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER BOX PROGRAM.

    (a) Treatment of Expired Coupons.--
            (1) In general.--Section 3005(c)(1) of the Digital
        Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005 is amended
        by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(D) Expired coupons.--The Assistant Secretary
                shall issue to a household, upon request by the
                household, one replacement coupon for each coupon that
                was issued to such household and that expired without
                being redeemed.''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 3005(c)(1)(A) of the
        Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005 is
        amended by striking ``receives'' and inserting ``redeems''.
    (b) Expediting Delivery.--
            (1) First class mail.--Within 7 days after the date of
        enactment of this Act, the Assistant Secretary for
        Communications and Information of the Department of Commerce
        shall expedite the distribution of coupons issued under section
        3005 of the Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act
        of 2005 by directing that, if coupons are delivered via the
        United States Postal Service, such coupons shall be delivered
        via pre-sorted first class mail service.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 3005(c)(1)(A) of the
        Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005 is
        further amended by striking ``, via the United States Postal
        Service,''.
    (c) Condition of Modifications.--The amendments made by this
section shall not take effect until the enactment of new budget
authority to carry out the analog-to-digital converter box program
under section 3005 of the Digital Television Transition and Public
Safety Act of 2005.

SEC. 4. IMPLEMENTATION.

    (a) Permissive Early Termination Under Existing Requirements.--
Nothing in this Act is intended to prevent a licensee of a television
broadcast station  from terminating the broadcasting of such station's
analog television signal (and continuing to broadcast exclusively in
the digital television service) prior to the date established by law
under section 3002(b) of the Digital Television Transition and Public
Safety Act of 2005 for termination of all licenses for full-power
television stations in the analog television service (as amended by
section 2 of this Act) so long as such prior termination is conducted
in accordance with the Federal Communications Commission's requirements
in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, including the flexible
procedures established in the Matter of Third Periodic Review of the
Commission's Rules and Policies Affecting the Conversion to Digital
Television (FCC 07-228, MB Docket No. 07-91, released December 31,
2007).
    (b) Public Safety Radio Services.--
            (1) Use on cleared spectrum.--Notwithstanding the
        amendments made by section 2, if--
                    (A) a television broadcast station ceases the
                broadcasting of such station's analog television
                service under subsection (a) of this section prior to
                June 12, 2009, and
                    (B) as a consequence of such cessation, spectrum
                between frequencies 768 and 776 megahertz, inclusive,
                and 798 and 806 megahertz, inclusive, becomes available
                for non-television broadcast use prior to June 12,
                2009,
        the Federal Communications Commission shall permit the use of
        such spectrum for authorized public safety radio services if
        the Commission determines that such use is in the public
        interest and does not cause harmful interference to full-power
        television stations in the analog or digital television
        service.
            (2) Expedited procedures.--The Federal Communications
        Commission is authorized to use expedited procedures, and to
        waive such rules as may be necessary, to make a determination
        on an application made under paragraph (1) to begin such use of
        such spectrum by a public safety agency (as such term is
        defined in section 3006(d)(1) of the Digital Television
        Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005) in not less than 2
        weeks after the date of submission of such application.
    (c) Expedited Rulemaking.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
law, the Federal Communications Commission and the National
Telecommunications and Information Administration shall, not later than
30 days after the date of enactment of this Act, each adopt or revise
its rules, regulations, or orders or take such other actions as may be
necessary or appropriate to implement the provisions, and carry out the
purposes, of this Act and the amendments made by this Act.

SEC. 5. EXTENSION OF COMMISSION AUCTION AUTHORITY.

    Section 309(j)(11) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C.
309(j)(11)) is amended by striking ``2011'' and inserting ``2012''.

SEC. 6. REPORTS.

    (a) Monthly Reporting Requirement.--Beginning one month after
enactment of this Act and ending on October 31, 2009, the Assistant
Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the
House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate a monthly report detailing--
            (1) the number of unredeemed and unexpired coupons still
        held by consumers;
            (2) the number of replacement coupons the National
        Telecommunications and Information Administration has issued
        for expired coupons pursuant to section 3005(c)(1) of the
        Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005, as
        amended by section 3(a) of this Act, during the 30 days prior
        to the monthly reporting date required by this subsection;
            (3) the approximate number of analog-to-digital converter
        boxes available for purchase by consumers;
            (4) the number of new and replacement coupons issued by the
        National Telecommunications and Information Administration via
        postal mail and other delivery methods, including electronic
        mail; and
            (5) the remaining amount of funds available to the National
        Telecommunications and Information Administration to carry out
        section 3005 of the Digital Television Transition and Public
        Safety Act of 2005, as amended by this Act and any other Act.
    (b) Report About Rural Areas.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than December 30, 2009, the
        Federal Communications Commission shall transmit to the
        Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
        Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
        Transportation of the Senate a report about the effect of the
        digital television transition on consumers in rural areas in
        the United States.
            (2) Specific requirements.--The report required under
        paragraph (1) shall include information on the following:
                    (A) Whether rural areas experienced
                disproportionately more service disruptions than urban
                and suburban areas.
                    (B) Whether gaps in over-the-air broadcast coverage
                exist for rural consumers due to the shorter range for
                digital signals, as compared to analog signals.
                    (C) Recommendations for rectifying significant
                problems that have arisen in rural areas in the United
                States as a result of the digital television
                transition.

Output:
Digital Television Transition Extension Act of 2009 - Amends the Communications Act of 1934 and the Digital Television Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005 to extend for approximately four months the deadlines related to the transition from analog to digital television broadcasting.

Requires the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to extend for 116 days the terms of the licenses for recovered spectrum.

Requires, on request, the reissue of any household digital-to-analog converter box coupons that expired without being redeemed.

Requires expediting the delivery of household digital-to-analog converter box coupons by sending them via presorted first class mail.

Allows a station to terminate analog broadcasting (and to continue broadcasting exclusively in digital signals) before the date established by law for termination of all full power analog station licenses. Requires the FCC to permit public safety entities to use spectrum thus relinquished if the FCC determines that such use does not cause harmful interference to full-power television stations in the analog or digital service.

Extends until September 30, 2012 (currently, September 30, 2011) the FCC's spectrum auction authority.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Veterinary Workforce Expansion Act
of 2005''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Veterinary medicine is an integral and indispensable
        component of the Nation's public health system. Veterinarians
        protect human health by preventing and controlling infectious
        diseases, ensuring the safety and security of the nation's food
        supply, promoting healthy environments, and providing health
        care for animals.
            (2) Veterinarians are essential for early detection and
        response to unusual disease events that could be linked to
        newly emerging infectious diseases, such as monkeypox, SARS,
        and West Nile Virus, or other biothreat agents of concern.
            (3) There is a need to build national capacity in research
        and training in the prevention, surveillance, diagnosis, and
        control of newly emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases.
            (4) Veterinarians are uniquely qualified to address these
        high priority public health issues because of their extensive
        professional training in basic biomedical sciences, population
        medicine, and broad, multi-species, comparative medical
        approach to disease prevention and control.
            (5) There is a shortage of veterinarians working in public
        health practice. As used in the preceding sentence, the term
        ``public health practice'' includes bioterrorism and emergency
        preparedness, environmental health, food safety and food
        security, regulatory medicine, diagnostic laboratory medicine,
        and biomedical research.
            (6) The Bureau of Labor Statistics expects there to be
        28,000 job openings in the veterinary medical profession by
        2012 due to growth and net replacements, a turnover of nearly
        38 percent.
            (7) The Nation's veterinary medical colleges do not have
        the capacity to satisfy the current and future demand for
        veterinarians and veterinary expertise that is vital to
        maintain public health preparedness.

SEC. 3. COMPETITIVE GRANTS PROGRAM.

    Part E of title VII of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C.
294n et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

                    ``Subpart 3--Veterinary Medicine

``SEC. 771. COMPETITIVE GRANT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall award competitive grants to
eligible entities for the purpose of improving public health
preparedness through increasing the number of veterinarians in the
workforce.
    ``(b) Eligible Entities.--To be eligible to receive a grant under
subsection (a), an entity shall--
            ``(1) be--
                    ``(A) a public or other nonprofit school of
                veterinary medicine, department of comparative
                medicine, department of veterinary science, school of
                public health, or school of medicine that offers
                postgraduate training for veterinarians in a public
                health practice area as determined by the Secretary;
                and
                    ``(B) accredited by a recognized body or bodies
                approved for such purpose by the Department of
                Education; and
            ``(2) prepare and submit to the Secretary an application,
        at such time, in such manner, and containing such information
        as the Secretary may require.
    ``(c) Consideration of Applications.--The Secretary shall establish
procedures to ensure that applications under subsection (b)(2) are
rigorously reviewed and that grants are competitively awarded based
on--
            ``(1) the ability of the applicant to increase the number
        of veterinarians who are trained in specified public practice
        areas as determined by the Secretary;
            ``(2) the ability of the applicant to increase capacity in
        research on high priority disease agents; or
            ``(3) any other consideration the Secretary determines
        necessary.
    ``(d) Preference.--In awarding grants under subsection (a)(1), the
Secretary shall give preference to applicants that demonstrate a
comprehensive approach by involving more than one school of veterinary
medicine, department of comparative medicine, department of veterinary
science, school of public health, or school of medicine that offers
postgraduate training for veterinarians in a public health practice
area as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(e) Use of Funds.--Amounts received under a grant under this
subsection shall be used by a grantee to increase the number of
veterinarians in the workforce through--
            ``(1) paying the costs associated with construction, the
        acquisition of equipment, and other capital costs relating to
        the expansion of existing schools of veterinary medicine,
        departments of comparative medicine, or departments of
        veterinary science; or
            ``(2) paying the capital costs associated with the
        expansion of academic programs that offer postgraduate training
        for veterinarians or concurrent training for veterinary
        students in specific areas of specialization.
    ``(f) Definition.--In this section, the term `public health
practice' includes bioterrorism and emergency preparedness,
environmental health, food safety and food security, regulatory
medicine, diagnostic laboratory medicine, and biomedical research.
    ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated
        to carry out this section, $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2006,
        and $1,264,000,000 for the 9-fiscal year period beginning with
        fiscal year 2007. Amounts appropriated under this subsection
        shall remain available until expended.
            ``(2) Requirement.--Not more than 25 percent of the amount
        appropriated under paragraph (1) in each fiscal year shall be
        made available to schools of veterinary medicine that were
        established after the date of enactment of this section.''.

Output:
Veterinary Workforce Expansion Act of 2005 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Secretary of Health and Human Services to award grants to eligible entities to improve public health preparedness through increasing the number of veterinarians in the workforce. Defines "eligible entities" as accredited public or nonprofit schools of veterinary medicine, departments of comparative medicine, departments of veterinary science, schools of public health, or schools of medicine that offer training for veterinarians in a public health practice area.

Requires the Secretary to give preference to applicants that demonstrate a comprehensive approach by involving more than one eligible entity.

Allows grantees to use funds to: (1) pay the costs associated with construction, the acquisition of equipment, and other capital costs relating to the expansion of existing schools or departments; and (2) pay the capital costs associated with the expansion of academic programs that offer postgraduate training for veterinarians or concurrent training for veterinary students in specific areas of specialization


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Cooperative Agricultural Programs
Extended Retirement Credit Act of 1993''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this Act are--
            (1) to make creditable, for purposes of the Civil Service
        Retirement System, periods of service in certain qualified
        Federal-State cooperative programs which had agricultural or
        related purposes; and
            (2) to expedite the retirement of certain Federal
        Government employees by providing them improved retirement
        opportunities at typical retirement ages, thereby mitigating
        potentially adverse effects of deficit-control measures on the
        welfare of those and other employees of the Department of
        Agriculture.

SEC. 3. CREDITABILITY OF PRIOR SERVICE.

    (a) In General.--Subject to section 8334(c) of title 5, United
States Code, upon application to the Office of Personnel Management
within 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, any
individual who is an employee (as defined by section 8331(1) or
8401(11) of such title) on such date shall be allowed credit under
subchapter III of chapter 83 of such title for any service if such
service was performed by such individual--
            (1) before January 1, 1984; and
            (2) as an employee of a State, or an instrumentality of a
        State, in which capacity such individual performed duties
        relating to the carrying out of a program described in
        subsection (b).
    (b) Description of Programs.--The programs referred to in
subsection (a) are--
            (1) the Federal-State cooperative program of agricultural
        research of the State agricultural experiment stations as
        defined in section 1 of the Act entitled ``An Act to
        consolidate the Hatch Act of 1887 and laws supplementary
        thereto relating to the appropriation of Federal funds for
        support of agricultural experiment stations in the States,
        Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico'', approved August 11, 1955 (69
        Stat. 671);
            (2) the Federal-State cooperative program of forestry
        research at eligible institutions of the State as defined in
        section 2 of the Act entitled ``An Act to authorize the
        Secretary of Agriculture to encourage and assist the several
        States in carrying on a program of forestry research, and for
        other purposes'', approved October 10, 1962 (76 Stat. 806), and
        popularly referred to as the ``McIntire-Stennis Act'';
            (3) the Federal-State cooperative program of agricultural
        research for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967 and later
        fiscal years at the 1890 land-grant colleges, including
        Tuskegee Institute, as defined in subsection 1445(a) of the
        ``National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching
        Policy Act of 1977'', approved September 29, 1977 (91 Stat.
        1009);
            (4) the Federal-State cooperative program of agricultural
        extension work authorized by the Act entitled ``An Act to
        provide for cooperative agricultural extension work between the
        agricultural colleges in the several States receiving the
        benefits of an Act of Congress approved July second, eighteen
        hundred and sixty-two, and of Acts supplementary thereto, and
        the United States Department of Agriculture'', approved May 8,
        1914 (38 Stat. 372), and acts supplementary thereto;
            (5) the Federal-State cooperative program of vocational
        education including, but not limited to, State programs of
        instruction in vocational agriculture and home economics,
        authorized by the Act entitled ``An Act to provide for the
        promotion of vocational education; to provide for cooperation
        with the States in the promotion of such education in
        agriculture and the trades and industries; to provide for
        cooperation with the States in the preparation of teachers of
        vocational subjects; and to appropriate money and regulate its
        expenditure'', approved February 23, 1917 (39 Stat. 929), and
        acts supplementary thereto;
            (6) the Federal-State cooperative program in marketing
        service and research authorized by the ``Agricultural Marketing
        Act of 1946'', approved August 14, 1946 (60 Stat. 1087), and
        predecessor programs, including programs to inspect, certify,
        and identify the class, quality, quantity, and condition of
        agricultural products shipped or received in interstate
        commerce; and programs of inspection and weighing services
        authorized by the United States Grain Standards Act (7 U.S.C.
        71 and following), whether performed by a delegated State
        agency or a designated private agency;
            (7) the Federal-State cooperative program for the control
        of plant pests and animal diseases authorized by the provisions
        under the subheading ``Federal Horticulture Board'' under the
        heading ``Department of Agriculture'' in the Act entitled ``An
        Act making appropriations to supply urgent deficiencies in
        appropriations for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth,
        nineteen hundred and eighteen, and prior fiscal years, on
        account of war expenses, and for other purposes'', approved
        October 6, 1917 (40 Stat. 374); by section 102 of the
        ``Department of Agriculture Organic Act of 1944'', approved
        September 21, 1944 (58 Stat. 734); by the joint resolution
        entitled ``Joint resolution making funds available for the
        control of incipient or emergency outbreaks of insect pests or
        plant diseases, including grasshoppers, mormon crickets, and
        chinch bugs'', approved April 6, 1937 (50 Stat. 57); by the Act
        entitled ``An Act to provide for regulating, inspecting,
        cleaning, and, when necessary, disinfecting railway cars, other
        vehicles, and other materials entering the United States from
        Mexico'', approved January 31, 1942 (56 Stat. 40); by the Act
        entitled ``An Act to regulate the importation of nursery stock
        and other plants and plant products; to enable the Secretary of
        Agriculture to establish and maintain quarantine districts for
        plant diseases and insect pests; to permit and regulate the
        movement of fruits, plants, and vegetables therefrom, and for
        other purposes'', approved August 20, 1912 (37 Stat. 315); by
        the first paragraph under the subheading ``Enforcement of the
        Plant-Quarantine Act'' under the heading ``Miscellaneous'' in
        the Act entitled ``An Act making appropriations for the
        Department of Agriculture for the fiscal year ending June
        thirtieth, nineteen hundred and fourteen'', approved March 4,
        1913 (37 Stat. 853), insofar as such paragraph relates to the
        importation of certain plants for scientific purposes; by the
        second, third, and fourth paragraphs under the subheading
        ``Enforcement of the Plant-Quarantine Act'' under the heading
        ``Miscellaneous'' in the Act entitled ``An Act making
        appropriations for the Department of Agriculture for the fiscal
        year ending June thirtieth, nineteen hundred and sixteen'',
        approved March 4, 1915 (38 Stat. 1113); and by section 11 of
        the Act entitled ``An Act for the establishment of a Bureau of
        Animal Industry, to prevent the exportation of diseased cattle,
        and to provide for the suppression and extirpation of
        pleuropneumonia and other contagious diseases among domestic
        animals'', approved May 29, 1884 (23 Stat. 31);
            (8) the Federal-State cooperative programs of forest
        protection, management, and improvement performed under
        authority of the Act entitled ``An Act to provide for the
        protection of forest lands, for the reforestation of denuded
        areas, for the extension of national forests, and for other
        purposes, in order to promote the continuous production of
        timber on the lands chiefly suitable therefore'', approved June
        7, 1924 (43 Stat. 653); of the ``Cooperative Forest Management
        Act'', approved August 25, 1950 (64 Stat. 473); and of the
        ``Forest Pest Control Act'', approved June 25, 1947 (61 Stat.
        177); and the predecessor programs of any Act referred to in
        this paragraph;
            (9) the Federal-State cooperative programs of emergency
        relief, including State rural rehabilitation corporation
        programs, established for the purposes of the Federal Emergency
        Relief Act of 1933, approved May 12, 1933 (48 Stat. 55); the
        Act entitled ``An Act making an additional appropriation to
        carry out the purposes of the Federal Emergency Relief Act of
        1933, for continuation of the civil works program, and for
        other purposes'', approved February 15, 1934 (48 Stat. 351);
        and title II of the Act entitled ``An Act making appropriations
        to supply deficiencies in certain appropriations for the fiscal
        year ending June 30, 1934, and prior fiscal years, to provide
        supplemental general and emergency appropriations for the
        fiscal years ending June 30, 1934, and June 30, 1935, and for
        other purposes'', approved June 19, 1934 (48 Stat. 1021);
            (10) the Federal-State Cooperative Veterans' educational
        programs, including part-time instruction in on-the-farm
        training programs, as provided for in title II, chapter IV,
        ``Education of Veterans'', of the ``Serviceman's Readjustment
        Act of 1944'', approved June 22, 1944 (58 Stat. 287), and
        subsequent amendments and Acts pertaining thereto; and
            (11) the Federal-State cooperative programs in wildlife
        restoration and in fish restoration and management authorized
        respectively by the Acts entitled ``An Act to provide that the
        United States shall aid these States in wildlife restoration
        projects, and for other purposes'', approved September 2, 1937
        (50 Stat. 917), and popularly referred to as the ``Pittman-
        Robertson Act'', and ``An Act to provide that the United States
        shall aid the States in fish restoration and management
        projects, and for other purposes'', approved August 9, 1950 (64
        Stat. 431), and popularly referred to as the ``Dingell-Johnson
        Act'', and the program of animal damage control authorized by
        the Act entitled ``An Act to authorize the Secretary of
        Agriculture to carry out his ten-year cooperative program for
        the eradication, suppression, or bringing under control of
        predatory and other wild animals injurious to agriculture,
        horticulture, forestry, animal husbandry, wild game, and other
        interests, and for the suppression of rabies and tularemia in
        predatory or other wild animals, and for other purposes'',
        approved March 2, 1931 (46 Stat. 1468), as amended and
        supplemented.
    (c) Certification.--The Office of Personnel Management shall, with
respect to any service for which credit is sought under this Act,
accept the certification of the Secretary of Agriculture or his
designee.

SEC. 4. APPLICABILITY TO ANNUITANTS.

    (a) In General.--An annuity or survivor annuity--
            (1) computed in whole or in part in accordance with
        subchapter III of chapter 83 of title 5, United States Code,
            (2) which is based on the service of an individual who
        performed service described in section 3, and
            (3) the commencement date of which precedes the date of the
        enactment of this Act,
shall be recomputed in accordance with section 3 if application
therefor is made, and the deposit requirement under section 3(a) is
met, within 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (b) Recomputation Rule.--Any change in an annuity or survivor
annuity resulting from a recomputation under subsection (a) shall be
effective as of the first day of the first month which begins after the
date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 5. DEFINITION.

    For the purpose of this Act, the term ``State'' includes the
District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin
Islands, and the territories of Hawaii and Alaska prior to statehood.

Output: Cooperative Agricultural Programs Extended Retirement Credit Act of 1993 - Provides for crediting under certain conditions, service in certain Federal-State cooperative agricultural and other programs under the Civil Service Retirement System.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Verifying Official Totals for
Elections Act''.

SEC. 2. DEPOSIT OF ELECTION-DEDICATED VOTING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY IN
              NATIONAL SOFTWARE REFERENCE LIBRARY.

    (a) Deposit Required; Conditions for Disclosure.--Section 301(a) of
the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 15481(a)) is amended by
adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(7) Prohibiting use of election-dedicated voting system
        technologies not deposited with national software reference
        library; disclosure requirements.--
                    ``(A) Prohibition.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A voting system used in
                        an election for Federal office in a State may
                        not at any time during the election contain or
                        use any election-dedicated voting system
                        technology which is not deposited by the State
                        (or, at the option of the State, by the vendor
                        of the technology) with the National Software
                        Reference Library of the National Institute of
                        Standards and Technology prior to the date of
                        the election, to be held in escrow and subject
                        to disclosure in accordance with subparagraph
                        (B).
                            ``(ii) Extension of deadline for deposit.--
                        If the chief State election official certifies
                        to the Director of the National Institute of
                        Standards and Technology prior to the date of
                        the election that, because of a revision to the
                        election-dedicated voting system technology
                        which is made less than 30 days prior to the
                        date of the election, the State or vendor is
                        unable to deposit the technology in accordance
                        with clause (i) prior to the date of the
                        election, the voting system used in the
                        election may contain or use the technology if--
                                    ``(I) the chief State election
                                official approves the use of the
                                technology for the election; and
                                    ``(II) the State or vendor deposits
                                the technology in accordance with
                                clause (i) not later than 1 week after
                                the date of the election.
                            ``(iii) Enforcement of vendor
                        responsibilities.--If a State opts to require
                        the vendor of election-dedicated voting system
                        technology to deposit the technology in
                        accordance with this subparagraph and the
                        vendor fails to do so, the Attorney General may
                        bring a civil action against the vendor in an
                        appropriate district court for such relief as
                        may be appropriate, including injunctive relief
                        or an order for a civil penalty in an amount
                        not to exceed $500,000.
                    ``(B) Requirement for disclosure and limitation on
                restricting disclosure.--With respect to any election-
                dedicated voting system technology which is deposited
                under subparagraph (A), the Director of the National
                Institute of Standards and Technology shall--
                            ``(i) hold the technology in escrow; and
                            ``(ii) disclose technology and information
                        regarding the technology to another person if--
                                    ``(I) the person is a qualified
                                person described in subparagraph (C)
                                who has entered into a nondisclosure
                                agreement with respect to the
                                technology which meets the requirements
                                of subparagraph (D); or
                                    ``(II) the Director is permitted or
                                required to disclose the technology to
                                the person under the law of the
                                applicable State, in accordance with
                                the terms and conditions applicable
                                under such law.
                    ``(C) Qualified persons described.--With respect to
                the disclosure of election-dedicated voting system
                technology under subparagraph (B)(ii)(I), a `qualified
                person' is any of the following:
                            ``(i) A governmental entity with
                        responsibility for the administration of voting
                        and election-related matters in elections for
                        Federal office, for purposes of reviewing,
                        analyzing, or reporting on the technology.
                            ``(ii) If permitted under a court order, a
                        party to post-election litigation challenging
                        the result of an election or the administration
                        or use of the technology used in an election,
                        but only to the extent permitted under the
                        terms and conditions of such court order.
                            ``(iii) A person who reviews, analyzes, or
                        reports on the technology solely for an
                        investigation or inquiry concerning the
                        accuracy or integrity of the technology
                        pursuant to clause (i) or (ii).
                    ``(D) Requirements for nondisclosure agreements.--A
                nondisclosure agreement entered into with respect to an
                election-dedicated voting system technology meets the
                requirements of this subparagraph if the agreement--
                            ``(i) is limited in scope to coverage of
                        the technology disclosed under subparagraph (B)
                        and any trade secrets and intellectual property
                        rights related thereto;
                            ``(ii) does not prohibit a signatory from
                        entering into other nondisclosure agreements to
                        review other technologies under this paragraph;
                            ``(iii) exempts from coverage both
                        information the signatory lawfully obtained
                        from another source and information in the
                        public domain;
                            ``(iv) remains in effect for not longer
                        than the life of any trade secret or other
                        intellectual property right related thereto;
                            ``(v) prohibits the request or use of
                        injunctions that bar a signatory from carrying
                        out any activity authorized under subparagraph
                        (C), including injunctions limited to the
                        period prior to a judicial proceeding involving
                        the technology;
                            ``(vi) is silent as to damages awarded for
                        breach of the agreement, other than a reference
                        to damages available under applicable law;
                            ``(vii) allows disclosure of evidence
                        relating to possible criminal conduct or other
                        violations of law, including in response to a
                        subpoena or warrant;
                            ``(viii) allows disclosures and testimony
                        to legislative branch authorities, judicial
                        proceedings, and executive branch
                        investigations in response to a subpoena or
                        warrant or as otherwise provided by law; and
                            ``(ix) provides that the agreement shall be
                        governed by the trade secret laws of the
                        applicable State.
                    ``(E) Election-dedicated voting system technology
                defined.--For purposes of this paragraph:
                            ``(i) In general.--The term `election-
                        dedicated voting system technology' means the
                        following:
                                    ``(I) The source code used for the
                                trusted build and the file signatures
                                for the trusted build.
                                    ``(II) A complete disk image of the
                                pre-build, build environment, and any
                                file signatures to validate that it is
                                unmodified.
                                    ``(III) A complete disk image of
                                the post-build, build environment, and
                                any file signatures to validate that it
                                is unmodified.
                                    ``(IV) All executable code produced
                                by the trusted build and any file
                                signatures to validate that it is
                                unmodified.
                                    ``(V) Installation devices and
                                software file signatures.
                            ``(ii) Exclusion.--Such term does not
                        include `commercial-off-the-shelf' software and
                        hardware defined under the voluntary voting
                        system guidelines adopted by the Commission
                        under section 222 which are in effect as of the
                        date of the election involved.
                    ``(F) Trusted build defined.--For purposes of this
                paragraph, the term `trusted build' means a witnessed
                software build in which source code is converted to
                machine-readable binary instructions (executable code)
                in a manner providing security measures that help
                ensure that the executable code is a verifiable and
                faithful representation of the source code.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply
with respect to elections occurring during 2013 or any succeeding year.

SEC. 3. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
              STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the National Institute
of Standards and Technology for each fiscal year such sums as may be
necessary to enable the Institute, including the National Software
Reference Library of the Institute, to carry out paragraph (7) of
section 301(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002, as added by
section 2(a).

Output:
Verifying Official Totals for Elections Act - Amends the Help America Vote Act of 2002 to prohibit a voting system used in a federal election from containing or using any election-dedicated voting system technology which is not deposited by the state (or at the state's option by the vendor of the technology) with the National Software Reference Library of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) before the election.

Requires the Director of NIST to: (1) hold the technology in escrow; and (2) disclose it and information about it to a qualified person who has entered into a nondisclosure agreement with respect to it, or to whom the Director is permitted or required to disclose the technology under state law.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``National Hurricane Research
Initiative Act of 2006''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Under secretary.--The term ``Under Secretary'' means
        the Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere of the Department
        of Commerce.

SEC. 3. NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    (a) Requirement to Establish.--The Under Secretary and the Director
shall establish an initiative known as the National Hurricane Research
Initiative for the purposes described in subsection (b).
    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of the National Hurricane Research
Initiative shall be to set research objectives based on the findings of
the September 29, 2006, National Science Board report entitled
``Hurricane Warning: The Critical Need for National Hurricane
Initiative''--
            (1) to make recommendations to the National Science Board
        based on such research;
            (2) to assemble the expertise of the science and
        engineering capabilities of the United States through a multi-
        agency effort that is focused on--
                    (A) improving a better understanding of hurricane
                prediction, intensity, and mitigation on coastal
                populations;
                    (B) infrastructure; and
                    (C) the natural environment; and
            (3) to make grants to eligible entities to carry out
        research in the following areas:
                    (A) Predicting hurricane intensification.--Research
                to improve understanding of--
                            (i) rapid intensity change in storms,
                        relationships among storm size, motion and
                        intensity;
                            (ii) the internal dynamics of hurricanes;
                        and
                            (iii) the manner in which hurricanes
                        interact with the environment.
                    (B) Understanding air-sea interactions.--Research
                to improve understanding of theories of air-sea
                interaction that are common to the strong wind and high
                wave conditions associated with hurricanes, and cases
                in which the air-sea interface beneath hurricanes
                vanishes and is replaced by an emulsion, including
                theoretical theories, observational theories, and
                modeling.
                    (C) Predicting storm surge, rainfall, and inland
                flooding from hurricanes and tropical storms.--Research
                to understand and model rainfall and flooding from
                hurricanes, including probabilistic modeling and
                mapping of storm surge risk.
                    (D) Hurricane modification.--Basic research for
                modifying hurricanes to reduce the intensity or alter
                the movement of hurricanes by human intervention,
                including research to improve understanding of the
                potential effects of hurricane modification on
                precipitation and fresh water supply, as well as on
                climate.
                    (E) Improved observation of hurricanes and tropical
                storms.--Research to improve hurricane and tropical
                storm observation through mobile radars, Global
                Positioning System technology, unmanned aerial
                vehicles, and ground-based and aerial wireless sensors
                to improve understanding of the complex nature of
                storms.
                    (F) Assessing vulnerable infrastructure.--Research
                to develop a national engineering assessment of coastal
                infrastructure, including infrastructure related to
                levees, seawalls, drainage systems, bridges, water and
                sewage utilities, power, and communications, to
                determine the level of vulnerability of such
                infrastructure to damage from a hurricane.
                    (G) Interaction of hurricanes with engineered
                structures.--Research to improve understanding of the
                impacts of hurricanes and tropical storms on buildings,
                structures, and housing combined with modeling
                essential for guiding the creation of improved building
                designs and construction codes in locations
                particularly vulnerable to hurricanes.
                    (H) Relationship between hurricanes, climate, and
                natural ecosystems.--Research to improve the
                understanding of the complex relationships between
                hurricanes and climate, including research to determine
                the most effective methods to use observational
                information to examine the impacts on ecosystems over
                long- and short-periods of time.
                    (I) Technologies for disaster response and
                recovery.--Research to improve emergency communication
                networks for government agencies and non-government
                entities and to improve communications between such
                networks during disaster response and recovery,
                including cyber-security during disaster situations and
                the ability to improve damage assessments during
                storms.
                    (J) Evacuation planning.--Research to improve the
                manner in which hurricane-related information is
                provided to, and utilized by, the public and government
                officials, including research to assist officials of
                State or local government in determining the
                circumstances in which evacuations are required and in
                carrying out such evacuations.
                    (K) Computational capability.--Research to improve
                understanding of the efficient utility of multiple
                models requiring sharing and inter-operability of
                databases, computing environments, networks,
                visualization tools, and analytic systems beyond what
                is currently available for transitioning hurricane
                research assets into operational practice and to
                provide access to robust computational facilities
                beyond the facilities normally accessible by the
                civilian research community for the hurricane research
                enterprise, including data acquisition and modeling
                capability during hurricane events.
    (c) Cooperation With Other Agencies.--The Under Secretary and the
Director shall cooperate with the head of each appropriate Federal
agency or department, research institute, university, and disaster-
response or nongovernmental organization to utilize the expertise and
capabilities of such entity to carry out the purposes of the National
Hurricane Research Initiative, including cooperation with the heads of
the following entities:
            (1) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
            (2) The National Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (3) The Department of Homeland Security, including the
        Federal Emergency Management Agency.
            (4) The Department of Energy.
            (5) The Defense Advanced Research Project Agency.
            (6) The Environmental Protection Agency.
            (7) The United States Geological Survey.
            (8) The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
    (d) Coordination.--The White House Office of Science and Technology
Policy, through the National Science and Technology Council, shall
coordinate the activities carried out by the United States related to
the National Hurricane Research Initiative as a formal program with a
well defined organizational structure and execution plan.
    (e) Grants.--
            (1) Authority.--The Under Secretary and the Director may
        award grants to appropriate government agencies or departments
        or nongovernmental entities to carry out the purposes described
        in subsection (b).
            (2) Best practices.--The Under Secretary and the Director
        shall develop and make available to the public a description of
        best practices to be used to carry out a project with a grant
        awarded under this subsection.
    (f) Research Seminars and Forums.--The Under Secretary and the
Director shall carry out a series of national seminars and forums that
assemble a broad collection of scientific disciplines to direct
researchers to work collaboratively to carry out the purposes described
in subsection (b).
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated $285,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through
2018 to carry out this section.

SEC. 4. NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE DATABASE.

    (a) Requirement to Establish.--The Under Secretary and the Director
shall establish a National Infrastructure Database for the purposes
of--
            (1) cataloging and characterizing the physical, social, and
        natural infrastructure in order to provide a baseline for
        developing standards, measuring modification, and determining
        loss;
            (2) providing information to Federal, State, and local
        government officials to improve information public policy
        related to hurricanes and tropical storms; and
            (3) providing data to researchers to improve their ability
        to measure hurricane impacts, separate such impacts from other
        effects, both natural and anthropogenic, make effective
        recommendations for improved building codes and urban planning
        practices, and develop effective procedures for responding to
        infrastructure disruption.
    (b) Database Requirements.--The National Infrastructure Database
shall be a virtual, cyber environment that uses existing capabilities
and facilities, and establishes new capabilities and facilities, as
appropriate, to provide an interoperable environment and the necessary
metadata and other resources needed by users of that Database.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2018
to carry out this section.

SEC. 5. NATIONAL HURRICANE RESEARCH MODEL.

    (a) Requirement to Establish.--The Under Secretary and the Director
shall develop a National Hurricane Research Model to conduct
integrative research and to facilitate the transfer of research
knowledge to operational applications, including linking relevant
theoretical, physical, and computational models from atmospheric,
oceanic, economic, sociological, engineered infrastructure, and
ecologic fields, conducting experimental research to understand the
extensive complexities of hurricanes, and obtaining measurable results
in a comprehensive framework suitable for testing end-to-end
integrative systems.
    (b) System Requirements.--The National Hurricane Research Model
shall be a physically distributed and highly coordinated working
environment in which research from the National Hurricane Research can
be experimentally substantiated using suitable quantitative metrics,
and where a culture of interaction and collaboration can further be
promoted, including in the areas of--
            (1) facilities and cyberinfrastructure;
            (2) software integration; and
            (3) fixed mobile data collection platforms and data
        provisioning systems.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated $130,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through
2018 to carry out this section.

Output:
National Hurricane Research Initiative Act of 2006 - Requires the Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere of the Department of Commerce and the Director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to establish a National Hurricane Research Initiative and to cooperate with other specified federal agencies to carry it out.

Requires such Initiative to set research objectives (based on a National Science Board report on the need for such Initiative) to: (1) make recommendations to the Board; (2) assemble the expertise of U.S. science and engineering capabilities through a multi-agency effort focused on infrastructure, the natural environment, and improving understanding of hurricane prediction, intensity, and mitigation on coastal populations; and (3) make grants for hurricane research, including regarding hurricane dynamics, modification, and observation, air-sea interaction, relationships between hurricanes and climate, predicting flooding and storm surge, coastal infrastructure, building construction, emergency communication networks, information utilization by public officials, and sharing computational capability.

Directs the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, through the National Science and Technology Council, to coordinate U.S. activities related to the Initiative as a formal program with a well-defined organizational structure and execution plan.

Directs the Under Secretary and the Director to: (1) establish a National Infrastructure Database to catalog infrastructure, provide information to improve information public policy related to hurricanes, and provide data to improve researchers' abilities to measure hurricane impacts in order to improve building codes and urban planning; and (2) develop a National Hurricane Research Model to conduct integrative research and facilitate the transfer of research knowledge to operational applications.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Employment Non-Discrimination Act of
1994''.

SEC. 2. DISCRIMINATION PROHIBITED.

    A covered entity, in connection with employment or employment
opportunities, shall not--
            (1) subject an individual to different standards or
        treatment on the basis of sexual orientation;
            (2) discriminate against an individual based on the sexual
        orientation of persons with whom such individual is believed to
        associate or to have associated; or
            (3) otherwise discriminate against an individual on the
        basis of sexual orientation.

SEC. 3. BENEFITS.

    This Act does not apply to the provision of employee benefits to an
individual for the benefit of his or her partner.

SEC. 4. NO DISPARATE IMPACT.

    The fact that an employment practice has a disparate impact, as the
term ``disparate impact'' is used in section 703(k) of the Civil Rights
Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000e-2(k)), on the basis of sexual orientation
does not establish a prima facie violation of this Act.

SEC. 5. QUOTAS AND PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT PROHIBITED.

    (a) Quotas.--A covered entity shall not adopt or implement a quota
on the basis of sexual orientation.
    (b) Preferential Treatment.--A covered entity shall not give
preferential treatment to an individual on the basis of sexual
orientation.

SEC. 6. RELIGIOUS EXEMPTION.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act
shall not apply to religious organizations.
    (b) For-Profit Activities.--This Act shall apply to a religious
organization's for-profit activities subject to taxation under section
511(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as in effect on the date of
the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 7. NONAPPLICATION TO MEMBERS OF THE ARMED FORCES; VETERANS'
              PREFERENCES.

    (a) Armed Forces.--(1) For purposes of this Act, the term
``employment or employment opportunities'' does not apply to the
relationship between the United States and members of the Armed Forces.
    (2) As used in paragraph (1), the term ``Armed Forces'' means the
Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard.
    (b) Veterans' Preferences.--This Act does not repeal or modify any
Federal, State, territorial, or local law creating special rights or
preferences for veterans.

SEC. 8. ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Enforcement Powers.--With respect to the administration and
enforcement of this Act--
            (1) the Commission and the Librarian of Congress shall have
        the same powers, respectively, as the Commission and the
        Librarian of Congress have to administer and enforce title VII
        of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000e et seq.);
            (2) the Attorney General of the United States shall have
        the same powers as the Attorney General has to administer and
        enforce such title; and
            (3) the district courts of the United States shall have the
        same jurisdiction and powers as such courts have to enforce
        such title and section 309 of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 (2
        U.S.C. 1209).
    (b) Procedures and Remedies.--The procedures and remedies
applicable to a claim for a violation of this Act are as follows:
            (1) For a violation alleged by an individual, other than an
        individual specified in paragraph (2) or (3), the procedures
        and remedies applicable to a claim brought by an individual for
        a violation of title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42
        U.S.C. 2000e et seq.) shall apply.
            (2) For a violation alleged by an employee of the House of
        Representatives or of an instrumentality of the Congress, the
        procedures and remedies applicable to a claim by such employee
        for a violation of section 117 of the Civil Rights Act of 1991
        (2 U.S.C. 60l) shall apply.
            (3) For a violation alleged by a Senate employee, the
        procedures and remedies applicable to a claim by such employee
        for a violation of section 302 of the Civil Rights Act of 1991
        (2 U.S.C. 1202) shall apply.

SEC. 9. STATE AND FEDERAL IMMUNITY.

    (a) State Immunity.--A State shall not be immune under the eleventh
article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States from an
action in a Federal court of competent jurisdiction for a violation of
this Act. In an action against a State for a violation of this Act,
remedies (including remedies at law and in equity) are available for
the violation to the same extent as such remedies are available in an
action against any public or private entity other than a State.
    (b) Liability of the United States.--The United States shall be
liable for all remedies under this Act to the same extent as a private
person and shall be liable to the same extent as a nonpublic party for
interest to compensate for delay in payment.

SEC. 10. ATTORNEYS' FEES.

    In any action or administrative proceeding commenced pursuant to
this Act, the court or the Commission, in its discretion, may allow the
prevailing party, other than the United States, a reasonable attorney's
fee, including expert fees and other litigation expenses, and costs.
The United States shall be liable for the foregoing the same as a
private person.

SEC. 11. RETALIATION AND COERCION PROHIBITED.

    (a) Retaliation.--A covered entity shall not discriminate against
an individual because such individual opposed any act or practice
prohibited by this Act or because such individual made a charge,
assisted, testified, or participated in any manner in an investigation,
proceeding, or hearing under this Act.
    (b) Coercion.--A person shall not coerce, intimidate, threaten, or
interfere with any individual in the exercise or enjoyment of, or on
account of his or her having exercised, enjoyed, assisted, or
encouraged the exercise or enjoyment of, any right granted or protected
by this Act.

SEC. 12. POSTING NOTICES.

    A covered entity shall post notices for employees, applicants for
employment, and members describing the applicable provisions of this
Act in the manner prescribed by, and subject to the penalty provided
under, section 711 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000e-
10).

SEC. 13. REGULATIONS.

    The Commission shall have authority to issue regulations to carry
out this Act.

SEC. 14. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER LAWS.

    This Act shall not invalidate or limit the rights, remedies, or
procedures available to an individual claiming discrimination
prohibited under any other Federal law or any law of a State or
political subdivision of a State.

SEC. 15. SEVERABILITY.

    If any provision of this Act, or the application of such provision
to any person or circumstance, is held to be invalid, the remainder of
this Act and the application of such provision to other persons or
circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

SEC. 16. EFFECTIVE DATE.

    This Act shall take effect 60 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act and shall not apply to conduct occurring before such
effective date.

SEC. 17. DEFINITIONS.

    As used in this Act:
            (1) The term ``Commission'' means the Equal Employment
        Opportunity Commission.
            (2) The term ``covered entity'' means an employer,
        employment agency, labor organization, joint labor management
        committee, an entity to which section 717(a) of the Civil
        Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000e(a)) applies, an employing
        authority of the House of Representatives, an employing office
        of the Senate, or an instrumentality of the Congress.
            (3) The term ``employer'' has the meaning given such term
        in section 701(b) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C.
        2000e(b)).
            (4) The term ``employment agency'' has the meaning given
        such term in section 701(c) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42
        U.S.C. 2000e(c)).
            (5) The term ``employment or employment opportunities''
        includes job application procedures, hiring, advancement,
        discharge, compensation, job training, or any other term,
        condition, or privilege of employment.
            (6) The term ``instrumentalities of the Congress'' has the
        meaning given such term in section 117(b)(4) of the Civil
        Rights Act of 1991 (2 U.S.C. 60l(b)(4)).
            (7) The term ``labor organization'' has the meaning given
        such term in section 701(d) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42
        U.S.C. 2000e(d)).
            (8) The term ``person'' has the meaning given such term in
        section 701(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C.
        2000e(a)).
            (9) The term ``religious organization'' means--
                    (A) a religious corporation, association, or
                society; or
                    (B) a college, school, university, or other
                educational institution, not otherwise a religious
                organization, if--
                            (i) it is in whole or substantial part
                        controlled, managed, owned, or supported by a
                        religious corporation, association, or society;
                        or
                            (ii) its curriculum is directed toward the
                        propagation of a particular religion.
            (10) The term ``Senate employee'' has the meaning given
        such term in section 301(c) of the Civil Rights Act of 1991 (2
        U.S.C. 1201(c)).
            (11) The term ``sexual orientation'' means lesbian, gay,
        bisexual, or heterosexual orientation, real or perceived, as
        manifested by identity, acts, statements, or associations.
            (12) The term ``State'' has the meaning given such term in
        section 701(i) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C.
        2000e(i)).

Output:
Employment Non-Discrimination Act of 1994 - Prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation by covered entities, including employing authorities of the House of Representatives, employing offices of the Senate, and instrumentalities of the Congress.
Declares that:  (1) this Act does not apply to the provision of employee benefits for the benefit of an employee's partner; and (2) a disparate impact does not establish a prima facie violation of this Act.  Prohibits quotas and preferential treatment.  Declares that this Act does not apply to:  (1) religious organizations (except in their for-profit activities); (2) the armed forces; or (3) laws creating special rights or preferences for veterans.  Provides for enforcement.  Disallows State and Federal immunity.  Allows recovery of attorney's fees.  Prohibits retaliation and coercion. Requires posting notices for employees and applicants.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Second Chance Voting Rights Act of
2006''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    The Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The right to vote is the most fundamental act performed
        by citizens in our great representative democracy.
            (2) Citizen participation in local, State, and Federal
        elections is the primary means to assure representation of many
        constituent groups in the political process.
            (3) More than 500,000 Americans who were convicted of
        felony crimes have served their entire sentence and stand free
        and clear of incarceration and parole.
            (4) It is the civic duty of every citizen of the United
        States to vote in any election in order to guarantee full and
        fair representation of all interests.
            (5) Allowing ex-offenders to vote restores them to their
        role as responsible citizens in this great country whose
        greatness is strengthened by the civic rehabilitation and
        participation of all nonvoting citizens.
            (6) The States of Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado,
        Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana,
        Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana,
        New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Dakota, Ohio,
        Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South
        Dakota, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, and the District of
        Columbia, restore the right to vote automatically upon the
        completion of sentence, including parole.
            (7) The United States should ensure that the Federal voting
        rights of a person are restored upon the unconditional release
        of that person from prison and the completion of sentence,
        including parole.

SEC. 3. FEDERAL VOTING RIGHTS OF INDIVIDUALS WHO HAVE BEEN CONVICTED OF
              A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

    (a) In General.--The right of an individual who is a citizen of the
United States to vote in any election for Federal office shall not be
denied or abridged because that individual has been convicted of a
criminal offense.
    (b) Applicability.--Subsection (a) shall apply to an individual
convicted of a criminal offense upon the unconditional release of that
individual from incarceration for that offense and the completion of
sentence for that offense, including parole.

SEC. 4. ENFORCEMENT.

    (a) Attorney General.--The Attorney General may, in a civil action,
obtain such declaratory or injunctive relief as is necessary to remedy
a violation of this Act.
    (b) Private Right of Action.--
            (1) A person who is aggrieved by a violation of this Act
        may provide written notice of the violation to the chief
        election official of the State involved.
            (2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), if the violation
        is not corrected within 90 days after receipt of a notice under
        paragraph (1), or within 20 days after receipt of the notice if
        the violation occurred within 120 days before the date of an
        election for Federal office, the aggrieved person may, in a
        civil action obtain declaratory or injunctive relief with
        respect to the violation.
            (3) If the violation occurred within 30 days before the
        date of an election for Federal office, the aggrieved person
        need not provide notice to the chief election official of the
        State under paragraph (1) before bringing a civil action to
        obtain declaratory or injunctive relief with respect to the
        violation.

SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act--
            (1) the term ``election'' means--
                    (A) a general, special, primary, or runoff
                election;
                    (B) a convention or caucus of a political party
                held to nominate a candidate;
                    (C) a primary election held for the selection of
                delegates to a national nominating convention of a
                political party; or
                    (D) a primary election held for the expression of a
                preference for the nomination of persons for election
                to the office of President; and
            (2) the term ``Federal office'' means the office of
        President or Vice President of the United States, or of Senator
        or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to,
        the Congress of the United States.

SEC. 6. RELATION TO OTHER LAWS.

    (a) State Laws.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prohibit
the States enacting any State law which affords the right to vote in
any election for Federal office on terms less restrictive than those
established by this Act.
    (b) Federal Laws.--The rights and remedies established by this Act
are in addition to all other rights and remedies provided by law, and
neither rights and remedies established by this Act shall supersede,
restrict, or limit the application of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42
U.S.C. 1973 et seq.) or the National Voter Registration Act (42 U.S.C.
1973-gg).

Output:
Second Chance Voting Rights Act of 2006 - Declares that the right of a U.S. citizen to vote in any election for federal office shall not be denied or abridged because that individual has been convicted of a criminal offense. Applies this Act to a convicted individual upon his or her unconditional release from incarceration and completion of his or her sentence, including parole.

Provides for enforcement of, and remedies for, violations of this Act.

Prohibits construing this Act to prohibit states from affording the right to vote in any federal election on less restrictive terms.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Filipino Veterans Fairness Act''.

SEC. 2. ELIGIBILITY OF CERTAIN FILIPINO VETERANS FOR DISABILITY
              PENSION.

    (a) Eligibility.--Section 107 of title 38, United States Code, is
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3) of the first sentence, by
                inserting ``15,'' before ``23,''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking
                ``subsection (c) or (d)'' and inserting ``subsections
                (c), (d), and (e)'' ; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2) of the first sentence, by
                inserting ``15,'' before ``23,''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking
                ``subsection (c) or (d)'' and inserting ``subsections
                (c), (d), and (e)''.
    (b) Rate of Payment.--That section is further amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:
    ``(e) In the case of benefits under chapter 15 of this title paid
by reason of service described in subsection (a) or (b)--
            ``(1) if the benefits are paid to an individual residing in
        the United States who is a citizen of, or an alien lawfully
        admitted for permanent residence in, the United States, the
        second sentence of the applicable subsection shall not apply;
        and
            ``(2) if the benefits are paid to an individual residing in
        the Republic of the Philippines, the benefits shall be paid
        (notwithstanding any other provision of law) at the rate of
        $100 per month.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and shall apply to
benefits for months beginning on or after that date.

SEC. 3. ELIGIBILITY FOR VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION.

    (a) Eligibility.--Section 107 of title 38, United States Code, as
amended by this Act, is further amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3) of the first sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``and'' before ``24''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, and chapter 31''
                        before ``of this title'';
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``and (e)''
                and inserting ``(e), and (f)''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2) of the first sentence--
                            (i) by striking ``and'' before ``24''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, and chapter 31''
                        before ``of this title'';
                    (B) in the second sentence, by striking ``and (e)''
                and inserting ``(e), and (f)''.
    (b) Rate of Payment.--That section is further amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:
    ``(f) In the case of benefits under chapter 31 of this title paid
by reason of service described in subsection (a) or (b), if the
benefits are paid to an individual residing in the United States who is
a citizen of, or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence in,
the United States, the second sentence of the applicable subsection
shall not apply.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and shall apply to
benefits for months beginning on or after that date.

SEC. 4. OUTPATIENT HEALTH CARE FOR VETERANS RESIDING IN THE
              PHILIPPINES.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter IV of chapter 17 of title 38, United
States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 1735 as section 1736; and
            (2) by inserting after section 1734 the following new
        section 1735:
``Sec. 1735. Outpatient care and services for World War II veterans
              residing in the Philippines
    ``(a) Outpatient Health Care.--The Secretary shall furnish care and
services to veterans of World War II, Commonwealth Army veterans, and
new Philippine Scouts for the treatment of the service-connected
disabilities and nonservice-connected disabilities of such veterans and
scouts residing in the Republic of the Philippines on an outpatient
basis at the Manila VA Outpatient Clinic.
    ``(b) Limitations.--(1) The amount expended by the Secretary for
the purpose of subsection (a) in any fiscal year may not exceed
$500,000.
    ``(2) The authority of the Secretary to furnish care and services
under subsection (a) is effective in any fiscal year only to the extent
that appropriations are available for that purpose.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of
chapter 17 of such title is amended by striking the item relating to
section 1735 and inserting the following new items:

``1735. Outpatient care and services for World War II veterans residing
                            in the Philippines.
``1736. Definitions.''.

SEC. 5. ELIGIBILITY FOR HOUSING LOANS.

    Section 3701(b) of title 38, United States Code, is amended by
adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(6) The term `veteran' also includes an individual who is
        a Commonwealth Army veteran (as defined in subsection (a) of
        section 3566 of this title), or a new Philippine Scout (as
        defined in subsection (b) of such section) who resides in the
        United States.''.

SEC. 6. EDUCATIONAL BENEFITS FOR SPOUSES AND DEPENDENTS.

    (a) Inclusion of Spouses.--Section 3565(a) of title 38, United
States Code, is amended to read as follows:
    ``(a) The term `eligible person' as used in section 3501(a)(1) of
this title includes the spouse, surviving spouse, and child of a
Commonwealth Army veteran or a `New' Philippine Scouts in the same
manner as a spouse, surviving spouse, and child of a person who meets
the requirements of service-connected disability or death under such
section, based on service as defined in section 3566 of this title.''.
    (b) Increase in Rates Payable for Dependents Residing in the United
States.--Section 3565(b) of such title is amended--
            (1) by striking ``children'' in the matter preceding
        paragraph (1) and inserting ``a spouse, surviving spouse, or
        child'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3);
            (3) in paragraph (1) by striking ``, and'' and inserting
        ``in the case of a spouse, surviving spouse, or child residing
        in the Philippines,''; and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following new
        paragraph:
            ``(2) notwithstanding section 3532(d) of this title,
        educational assistance allowances authorized by section 3532 of
        this title and the special training allowance authorized by
        section 3542 of this title shall be paid at the rate of $1.00
        for each dollar in the case of a spouse, surviving spouse, or
        child residing in the United States, and''.

SEC. 7. ELIGIBILITY FOR BENEFITS FOR JOB COUNSELING, TRAINING, AND
              PLACEMENT.

    (a) Veterans.--Section 4101(4) of title 38, United States Code, is
amended by inserting before the period the following: ``, and includes
a Commonwealth Army veteran (as defined in subsection (a) of section
3566 of this title), or a new Philippine Scout (as defined in
subsection (b) of such section)''.
    (b) Dependents.--Section 4104(5) of such title is amended--
            (1) by striking ``or'' at the end of subparagraph (B);
            (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (C)
        and inserting ``, or'' and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(D) the spouse or child of a Commonwealth Army
                veteran (as defined in subsection (a) of section 3566
                of this title), or a new Philippine Scout (as defined
                in subsection (b) of such section).''.

SEC. 8. REPRESENTATION ON ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON MINORITY VETERANS.

    Section 544(a)(2) of title 38, United States Code, is amended by
adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
    ``(D) The Secretary shall ensure that at least one member of the
Committee each year is a Commonwealth Army veteran (as defined in
subsection (a) of section 3566 of this title), or a new Philippine
Scout (as defined in subsection (b) of such section).''.

Output:
Filipino Veterans Fairness Act - Makes former members of the Philippine Commonwealth Army or new Philippine Scouts who served with U.S. Armed Forces during World War II and became U.S. citizens or lawfully resided in the United States eligible for: (1) payment of compensation ($100 per month) for service-connected disability; (2) vocational rehabilitation as well as job counseling, training, and placement; and (3) veterans' housing loans made or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Directs the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to furnish outpatient health care at the Manila Outpatient Clinic in the Republic of the Philippines for such veterans residing in the Philippines.

Makes spouses of such veterans eligible for veterans' educational assistance. Makes the rate of assistance for such spouses and children residing in the United States equal to the rate for the dependents of U.S. veterans. Makes such spouses and dependents eligible for job counseling, training, and placement benefits.

Requires the Secretary to ensure that at least one member of the Advisory Committee on Minority Veterans is a Commonwealth Army veteran or new Philippine Scout.