Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Justice for Victims of State
Sponsored Terrorism Act''.

SEC. 2. TERRORISM EXCEPTION TO IMMUNITY.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 97 of title 28, United States Code, is
amended by inserting after section 1605 the following:
``Sec. 1605A. Terrorism exception to the jurisdictional immunity of a
              foreign state
    ``(a) In General.--
            ``(1) No immunity.--A foreign state shall not be immune
        from the jurisdiction of courts of the United States or of the
        States in any case not otherwise covered by this chapter in
        which money damages are sought against a foreign state for
        personal injury or death that was caused by an act of torture,
        extrajudicial killing, aircraft sabotage, hostage taking, or
        the provision of material support or resources (as defined in
        section 2339A of title 18) for such an act if such act or
        provision of material support is engaged in by an official,
        employee, or agent of such foreign state while acting within
        the scope of his or her office, employment, or agency.
            ``(2) Claim heard.--The court shall hear a claim under this
        section if--
                    ``(A) the foreign state was designated as a state
                sponsor of terrorism under section 6(j) of the Export
                Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405(j)) or
                section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
                U.S.C. 2371) at the time the act occurred, unless later
                designated as a result of such act;
                    ``(B) the claimant or the victim was--
                            ``(i) a national of the United States (as
                        that term is defined in section 101(a)(22) of
                        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.
                        1101(a)(22));
                            ``(ii) a member of the Armed Forces of the
                        United States (as that term is defined in
                        section 976 of title 10); or
                            ``(iii) otherwise an employee of the
                        government of the United States or one of its
                        contractors acting within the scope of their
                        employment when the act upon which the claim is
                        based occurred; or
                    ``(C) where the act occurred in the foreign state
                against which the claim has been brought, the claimant
                has afforded the foreign state a reasonable opportunity
                to arbitrate the claim in accordance with the accepted
                international rules of arbitration.
    ``(b) Definition.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) the terms `torture' and `extrajudicial killing' have
        the meaning given those terms in section 3 of the Torture
        Victim Protection Act of 1991 (28 U.S.C. 1350 note);
            ``(2) the term `hostage taking' has the meaning given that
        term in Article 1 of the International Convention Against the
        Taking of Hostages; and
            ``(3) the term `aircraft sabotage' has the meaning given
        that term in Article 1 of the Convention for the Suppression of
        Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Civil Aviation.
    ``(c) Time Limit.--An action may be brought under this section if
the action is commenced not later than the latter of--
            ``(1) 10 years after April 24, 1996; or
            ``(2) 10 years from the date on which the cause of action
        arose.
    ``(d) Private Right of Action.--A private cause of action may be
brought against a foreign state designated under section 6(j) of the
Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. 2405(j)), and any
official, employee, or agent of said foreign state while acting within
the scope of his or her office, employment, or agency which shall be
liable to a national of the United States (as that term is defined in
section 101(a)(22) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.
1101(a)(22)), a member of the Armed Forces of the United States (as
that term is defined in section 976 of title 10), or an employee of the
government of the United States or one of its contractors acting within
the scope of their employment or the legal representative of such a
person for personal injury or death caused by acts of that foreign
state or its official, employee, or agent for which the courts of the
United States may maintain jurisdiction under this section for money
damages which may include economic damages, solatium, pain, and
suffering, and punitive damages if the acts were among those described
in this section. A foreign state shall be vicariously liable for the
actions of its officials, employees, or agents.
    ``(e) Additional Damages.--After an action has been brought under
subsection (d), actions may also be brought for reasonably foreseeable
property loss, whether insured or uninsured, third party liability, and
life and property insurance policy loss claims.
    ``(f) Special Masters.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Courts of the United States may from
        time to time appoint special masters to hear damage claims
        brought under this section.
            ``(2) Transfer of funds.--The Attorney General shall
        transfer, from funds available for the program under sections
        1404C of the Victims Crime Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10603c) to
        the Administrator of the United States District Court in which
        any case is pending which has been brought pursuant to section
        1605(a)(7) such funds as may be required to carry out the
        Orders of that United States District Court appointing Special
        Masters in any case under this section. Any amount paid in
        compensation to any such Special Master shall constitute an
        item of court costs.
    ``(g) Appeal.--In an action brought under this section, appeals
from orders not conclusively ending the litigation may only be taken
pursuant to section 1292(b) of this title.
    ``(h) Property Disposition.--
            ``(1) In general.--In every action filed in a United States
        district court in which jurisdiction is alleged under this
        section, the filing of a notice of pending action pursuant to
        this section, to which is attached a copy of the complaint
        filed in the action, shall have the effect of establishing a
        lien of lis pendens upon any real property or tangible personal
        property located within that judicial district that is titled
        in the name of any defendant, or titled in the name of any
        entity controlled by any such defendant if such notice contains
        a statement listing those controlled entities.
            ``(2) Notice.--A notice of pending action pursuant to this
        section shall be filed by the clerk of the district court in
        the same manner as any pending action and shall be indexed by
        listing as defendants all named defendants and all entities
        listed as controlled by any defendant.
            ``(3) Enforceability.--Liens established by reason of this
        subsection shall be enforceable as provided in chapter 111 of
        this title.''.
    (b) Amendment to Chapter Analysis.--The chapter analysis for
chapter 97 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by inserting
after the item for section 1605 the following:

``1605A. Terrorism exception to the jurisdictional immunity of a
                            foreign state.''.

SEC. 3. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Property.--Section 1610 of title 28, United States Code, is
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Property in Certain Actions.--
            ``(1) In general.--The property of a foreign state, or
        agency or instrumentality of a foreign state, against which a
        judgment is entered under this section, including property that
        is a separate juridical entity, is subject to execution upon
        that judgment as provided in this section, regardless of--
                    ``(A) the level of economic control over the
                property by the government of the foreign state;
                    ``(B) whether the profits of the property go to
                that government;
                    ``(C) the degree to which officials of that
                government manage the property or otherwise control its
                daily affairs;
                    ``(D) whether that government is the sole
                beneficiary in interest of the property; or
                    ``(E) whether establishing the property as a
                separate entity would entitle the foreign state to
                benefits in United States courts while avoiding its
                obligations.
            ``(2) United states sovereign immunity inapplicable.--Any
        property of a foreign state, or agency or instrumentality of a
        foreign state, to which paragraph (1) applies shall not be
        immune from execution upon a judgment entered under this
        section because the property is regulated by the United States
        Government by reason of action taken against that foreign state
        under the Trading With the Enemy Act or the International
        Emergency Economic Powers Act.''.
    (b) Victims of Crime Act.--Section 1404C(a)(3) of the Victims of
Crime Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10603c(a)(3)) is amended by striking
``December 21, 1988, with respect to which an investigation or'' and
inserting ``October 23, 1983, with respect to which an investigation or
civil or criminal''.
    (c) General Exception.--Section 1605 of title 28, United States
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (5)(B), by inserting ``or'' after
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in paragraph (6)(D), by striking ``; or'' and
                inserting a period; and
                    (C) by striking paragraph (7); and
            (2) by striking subsections (e) and (f).

SEC. 4. APPLICATION TO PENDING CASES.

    (a) In General.--The amendments made by this Act shall apply to any
claim arising under section 1605A or 1605(g) of title 28, United States
Code, as added by this Act.
    (b) Prior Actions.--Any judgment or action brought under section
1605(a)(7) of title 28, United States Code, or section 101(c) of Public
Law 104-208 after the effective date of such provisions relying on
either of these provisions as creating a cause of action, which has
been adversely affected on the grounds that either or both of these
provisions fail to create a cause of action opposable against the
state, and which is still before the courts in any form, including
appeal or motion under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(b), shall, on
motion made to the Federal District Court where the judgment or action
was initially entered, be given effect as if it had originally been
filed pursuant to section 1605A(d) of title 28, United States Code. The
defenses of res judicata, collateral estoppel and limitation period are
waived in any re-filed action described in this paragraph and based on
the such claim. Any such motion or re-filing must be made not later
than 60 days after enactment of this Act.

Output: Justice for Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Act - Amends the federal judicial code to expand the rights of victims of state-sponsored terrorism by: (1) denying foreign states that support terrorism immunity from the jurisdiction of U.S. courts for cases involving personal injury or death related to the terrorist activities of its officials, employees, or agents; (2) allowing certain nationals of the United States, members of the Armed Forces, and federal employees or contractors a private cause of action against a foreign state designated as a state sponsor of terrorism; (3) making foreign states vicariously liable for the actions of their officials, employees, or agents; (4) limiting appeals in cases against foreign states involving terrorist-related injuries; and (5) establishing a pending lien against property of a foreign state sponsor of terrorism upon the initiation of legal action in the United States against such state.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Government Excess Prevention Act of
2011''.

SEC. 2. LIMITATION ON GOVERNMENT PRINTING COSTS.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act,
the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall coordinate
with the heads of Federal departments and independent agencies to--
            (1) determine which Government publications could be
        available on Government websites and no longer printed and to
        devise a strategy to reduce overall Government printing costs
        over the 10-year period beginning with fiscal year 2012, except
        that the Director shall ensure that essential printed documents
        prepared for Social Security recipients, Medicare
        beneficiaries, and other populations in areas with limited
        Internet access or use continue to remain available;
            (2) establish government-wide Federal guidelines on
        employee printing;
            (3) issue on the Office of Management and Budget's public
        website the results of a cost-benefit analysis on implementing
        a digital signature system and on establishing employee
        printing identification systems, such as the use of individual
        employee cards or codes, to monitor the amount of printing done
        by Federal employees; except that the Director of the Office of
        Management and Budget shall ensure that Federal employee
        printing costs unrelated to national defense, homeland
        security, border security, national disasters, and other
        emergencies do not exceed $860,000,000 annually; and
            (4) issue guidelines requiring every department, agency,
        commission, or office to list at a prominent place near the
        beginning of each publication distributed to the public and
        issued or paid for by the Federal Government--
                    (A) the name of the issuing agency, department,
                commission, or office;
                    (B) the total number of copies of the document
                printed;
                    (C) the collective cost of producing and printing
                all of the copies of the document; and
                    (D) the name of the firm publishing the document.

SEC. 3. LIMITATION OF GOVERNMENT TRAVEL COSTS.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the
total amount which is paid or reimbursed by an agency under subchapter
I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code (relating to travel and
subsistence expenses; mileage allowances for official travel by Federal
employees) may not, for any of the 5 fiscal years beginning after the
date of enactment of this Act, exceed 50 percent of the total amount so
paid or reimbursed by such agency for the fiscal year in which such
date of enactment occurs.
    (b) Exceptions.--For purposes of carrying out subsection (a), there
shall not be taken into account the amounts paid or reimbursed for--
            (1) any subsistence or travel expenses for threatened law
        enforcement personnel, as described in section 5706a of title
        5, United States Code; or
            (2) any other expenses for which an exception is
        established under subsection (c) for reasons relating to
        national security or public safety.
    (c) Regulations.--Any regulations necessary to carry out this
section shall, in consultation with the Director of the Office of
Management and Budget, be prescribed by the same respective authorities
as are responsible for prescribing regulations under section 5707 of
title 5, United States Code.

SEC. 4. REDUCTION IN FEDERAL VEHICLE COSTS.

    Notwithstanding any other provision of law--
            (1) of the amounts made available to the General Services
        Administration for the acquisition of new vehicles for the
        Federal fleet for fiscal year 2011 and remaining unobligated as
        of the date of enactment of this Act, an amount equal to 20
        percent of all such amounts is rescinded;
            (2) for fiscal year 2012 and each fiscal year thereafter--
                    (A) the amount made available to the General
                Services Administration for the acquisition of new
                vehicles for the Federal fleet shall not exceed an
                amount equal to 80 percent of the amount made available
                for the acquisition of those vehicles for fiscal year
                2011 (before application of paragraph (1)); and
                    (B) the number of new vehicles acquired by the
                General Services Administration for the Federal fleet
                shall not exceed a number equal to 50 percent of the
                vehicles so acquired for fiscal year 2011; and
            (3) any amounts made available under the American Recovery
        and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5) for the
        acquisition of new vehicles for the Federal fleet shall be
        disregarded for purposes of determining the baseline.

Output:
Government Excess Prevention Act of 2011 - Directs the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to coordinate with federal agencies to: (1) determine which government publications could be published on government websites and devise a strategy to reduce government printing costs over the 10-year period beginning with FY2012, (2) issue on OMB's public website the results of a cost-benefit analysis for monitoring government printing, and (3) establish guidelines on employee printing and for disclosing the cost of printing government publications.

Imposes limitations on government travel and subsistence expenses, except for expenses incurred for threatened law enforcement personnel and for other expenses related to national security or public safety.

Rescinds in FY2011 20% of the funding for the acquisition of new vehicles for the federal fleet by the General Services Administration (GSA). Imposes limitations on such funding in FY2012 and subsequent fiscal years.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Employers Financial Literacy Act''.

SEC. 2. CREDIT AGAINST INCOME TAX FOR SMALL BUSINESSES WHICH PROVIDE
              CONTINUING FINANCIAL EDUCATION TO EMPLOYEES.

    (a) In General.--Subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to business-related
credits) is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 45O. SMALL BUSINESSES PROVIDING CONTINUING FINANCIAL EDUCATION
              TO EMPLOYEES.

    ``(a) In General.--In the case of an eligible small business, the
continuing financial education credit determined under this section is
an amount equal to 35 percent of the continuing financial education
expenses paid or incurred by the taxpayer during the taxable year.
    ``(b) Eligible Small Business.--For purposes of this section, the
term `eligible small business' means any small business which provides
without charge a qualified continuing financial education program to
its employees throughout the taxable year.
    ``(c) Qualified Continuing Financial Education Program.--For
purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `qualified continuing financial
        education program' means any educational program or services--
                    ``(A) which is provided by a community-based budget
                and counseling agency which is described in section
                501(c)(3) and exempt from tax under section 501(a),
                    ``(B) which promotes consumer understanding of
                consumer, economic, and personal finance issues and
                concepts, including saving for retirement, managing
                credit, long-term care, estate planning and education
                on predatory lending, identity theft, and financial
                abuse schemes,
                    ``(C) which is offered to all employees of the
                taxpayer who have at least 2 weeks of service with the
                employer, and
                    ``(D) which is offered during--
                            ``(i) at least 24 hours of each month if
                        the taxpayer is a corporation, or
                            ``(ii) at least 16 hours of each month in
                        any other case.
    ``(d) Small Business.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `small business' means, with
        respect to any taxable year, any employer if--
                    ``(A) such employer employed an average of at least
                2 but not more than 50 employees on business days
                during the most recent calendar year ending before such
                taxable year, and
                    ``(B) such employer employed at least 2 employees
                on the first day of the taxable year.
            ``(2) Employers not in existence in preceding year.--In the
        case of an employer which was not in existence throughout the
        calendar year referred to in paragraph (1), the determination
        under paragraph (1) shall be based on the average number of
        employees that it is reasonably expected such employer will
        employ on business days in the taxable year.
            ``(3) Special rules.--
                    ``(A) Controlled groups.--For purposes of this
                subsection, all persons treated as a single employer
                under subsection (b), (c), (m), or (o) of section 414
                shall be treated as 1 employer.
                    ``(B) Predecessors.--Any reference in this
                subsection to an employer shall include a reference to
                any predecessor of such employer.''.
    (b) Denial of Double Benefit.--Section 280C of such Code (relating
to certain expenses for which credits are allowable) is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(f) Credit for Small Businesses Providing Continuing Financial
Education to Employees.--No deduction shall be allowed for that portion
of the expenses paid or incurred during the taxable year which is equal
to the credit determined for the taxable year under sections 45O(a). In
the case of persons treated as a single employer under section
45O(d)(3)(A), this subsection shall be applied under rules prescribed
by the Secretary similar to the rules applicable under subsections (a)
and (b) of section 52.''.
    (c) Credit To Be Part of General Business Credit.--Section 38(b) of
such Code is amended by striking ``plus'' at the end of paragraph (30),
by striking the period at the end of paragraph (31) and inserting ``,
plus'', and by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(32) in the case of an eligible small business (as
        defined in section 45O(d)), the continuing financial education
        credit under section 40O(a).''.
    (d) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart D of
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding
at the end the following new item:

``Sec. 40O. Small businesses providing continuing financial education
                            to employees.''.
    (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2008.

SEC. 3. PREFERENCE IN FEDERAL CONTRACTS, LOANS, AND OTHER ASSISTANCE
              FOR SMALL BUSINESSES AND CORPORATIONS PROVIDING
              CONTINUING FINANCIAL EDUCATION TO EMPLOYEES.

    (a) Preference.--In the case of any Federal contract or any Federal
financial or nonfinancial assistance, an eligible small business or an
eligible corporation shall be given a preference when submitting a bid
or proposal for the contract or applying for such assistance.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible small business.--The term ``eligible small
        business'' has the meaning provided in section 45O(b) of the
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
            (2) Eligible corporation.--The term ``eligible
        corporation'' means any corporation--
                    (A) that employs 50 or more employees; and
                    (B) that provides without charge a qualified
                continuing financial education program to its employees
                throughout the taxable year.
            (3) Qualified continuing financial education program.--The
        term ``qualified continuing financial education program'' has
        the meaning provided in section 45O(c) of the Internal Revenue
        Code of 1986.
            (4) Federal financial or nonfinancial assistance.--The term
        ``Federal financial or nonfinancial assistance'' means--
                    (A) all programs and activities involving Federal
                financial and nonfinancial assistance and benefits, as
                covered by Executive Order No. 12549 and guidelines
                implementing that order; and
                    (B) procurement programs and activities, including
                Federal contracts for the procurement of goods or
                services.
    (c) Effective Date.--The preference required under subsection (a)
shall be applied beginning on January 1, 2010.

Output: Employers Financial Literacy Act - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow small business taxpayers a tax credit for up to 35% of the costs of providing continuing financial education to their employees. Grants a preference to such small businesses in the awarding of federal contracts or assistance.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Poverty Trap Study Act of 2001''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Low income people are subject to many taxes, including
        the Federal income tax, payroll taxes, and State income taxes.
        In addition, eligibility for many Federal and State programs
        for assistance to the working poor, such as the earned income
        tax credit, food stamps, housing assistance programs, medicaid,
        child care assistance, and the women, infants, and children
        (WIC) nutrition program is based in part on income levels. The
        rates at which the benefits from such programs are phased out
        have the same effect as additional taxes imposed on the
        beneficiaries.
            (2) The total effective marginal rate of tax for additional
        income earned by low income people can exceed 100 percent and
        can be a disincentive to working more hours, getting a raise,
        learning a more lucrative trade, getting married, or engaging
        in other economic or social activities.

SEC. 3. NATIONAL COMMISSION ON MARGINAL TAX RATES FOR THE WORKING POOR.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established a commission to be known
as the National Commission on Marginal Tax Rates for the Working Poor
(in this section referred to as the ``Commission'').
    (b) Duties of the Commission.--The Commission shall--
            (1) determine the total effective marginal rate of tax from
        all taxes and benefit program phaseouts that persons are
        subject to (both as individuals and as married couples) at all
        earnings levels between $7,000 and $30,000 per year for at
        least 5 States, including Wisconsin and California; and
            (2) submit the report required under subsection (f) to
        Congress.
    (c) Membership.--
            (1) Number and appointment.--The Commission shall be
        composed of 12 members, of whom--
                    (A) 3 shall be appointed by the Speaker of the
                House of Representatives;
                    (B) 2 shall be appointed by the Minority Leader of
                the House of Representatives;
                    (C) 3 shall be appointed by the Majority Leader of
                the Senate;
                    (D) 2 shall be appointed by the Minority Leader of
                the Senate; and
                    (E) 2 shall be appointed by the President.
            (2) Chairman.--The members of the Commission shall elect a
        chairman of the Commission at its first meeting.
            (3) Background.--At least half of the members appointed by
        each person who appoints members under paragraph (1) shall be
        recognized experts from think tanks or academia in the subject
        matter reviewed by the Commission.
            (4) Terms of appointment.--The term of any appointment
        under paragraph (1) to the Commission shall be for the life of
        the Commission.
            (5) Meetings.--The President shall designate a member of
        the Commission to call the first meeting of the Commission.
        Thereafter, the Commission shall meet at the call of its
        Chairman or a majority of its members.
            (6) Quorum.--A quorum shall consist of 7 members of the
        Commission.
            (7) Vacancies.--A vacancy on the Commission shall be filled
        in the same manner in which the original appointment was made,
        not later than 30 days after the Commission is given notice of
        the vacancy, and shall not affect the power of the remaining
        members to execute the duties of the Commission.
            (8) Compensation.--Members of the Commission shall receive
        no additional pay, allowances, or benefits by reason of their
        service on the Commission.
            (9) Expenses.--Each member of the Commission shall receive
        travel expenses and per diem in lieu of subsistence in
        accordance with sections 5702 and 5703 of title 5, United
        States Code.
    (d) Staff and Support Services.--
            (1) Executive director.--
                    (A) Appointment.--The Chairman shall appoint an
                executive director of the Commission.
                    (B) Compensation.--The executive director shall be
                paid the rate of basic pay for level V of the Executive
                Schedule.
            (2) Staff.--With the approval of the Commission, the
        executive director may appoint such personnel as the executive
        director considers appropriate.
            (3) Applicability of civil service laws.--The staff of the
        Commission shall be appointed without regard to the provisions
        of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the
        competitive service, and shall be paid without regard to the
        provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of
        such title (relating to classification and General Schedule pay
        rates).
            (4) Experts and consultants.--With the approval of the
        Commission, the executive director may procure temporary and
        intermittent services under section 3109(b) of title 5, United
        States Code.
            (5) Physical facilities.--The Administrator of General
        Services shall locate suitable office space for the operation
        of the Commission. The facilities shall serve as the
        headquarters of the Commission and shall include all necessary
        equipment and incidentals required for the proper functioning
        of the Commission.
    (e) Powers of Commission.--
            (1) Hearings and other activities.--For the purpose of
        carrying out its duties, the Commission may hold such hearings
        and undertake such other activities as the Commission
        determines to be necessary to carry out its duties.
            (2) Studies by gao.--Upon the request of the Commission,
        the Comptroller General shall conduct such studies or
        investigations as the Commission determines to be necessary to
        carry out its duties.
            (3) Detail of federal employees.--Upon the request of the
        Commission, the head of any Federal agency is authorized to
        detail, without reimbursement, any of the personnel of such
        agency to the Commission to assist the Commission in carrying
        out its duties. Any such detail shall not interrupt or
        otherwise affect the civil service status or privileges of the
        Federal employee.
            (4) Technical assistance.--Upon the request of the
        Commission, the head of a Federal agency shall provide such
        technical assistance to the Commission as the Commission
        determines to be necessary to carry out its duties.
            (5) Use of mails.--The Commission may use the United States
        mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as
        Federal agencies and shall, for purposes of the frank, be
        considered a commission of Congress as described in section
        3215 of title 39, United States Code.
            (6) Obtaining information.--The Commission may secure
        directly from any Federal agency information necessary to
        enable it to carry out its duties, if the information may be
        disclosed under section 552 of title 5, United States Code.
        Upon request of the Chairman of the Commission, the head of
        such agency shall furnish such information to the Commission.
            (7) Administrative support services.--Upon the request of
        the Commission, the Administrator of General Services shall
        provide to the Commission on a reimbursable basis such
        administrative support services as the Commission may request.
            (8) Printing.--For purposes of costs relating to printing
        and binding, including the cost of personnel detailed from the
        Government Printing Office, the Commission shall be deemed to
        be a committee of the Congress.
    (f) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the Commission shall submit to Congress a report
containing--
            (1) the Commission's findings; and
            (2) recommendations for resolving any economic and other
        disincentives found by the Commission caused by the marginal
        tax rates to which the working poor are subject.
    (g) Termination.--The Commission shall terminate 30 days after the
date of submission of the report required in subsection (f). Section
14(a)(2)(B) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not apply to
the Commission.
    (h) Limitations on Authorization of Appropriations.--There are
authorized to be appropriated not more than $900,000 to carry out this
section.

Output: Poverty Trap Study Act of 2001 - Establishes the National Commission on Marginal Tax Rates for the Working Poor to: (1) determine the total effective marginal rate of tax from all taxes and benefit program phaseouts that persons are subject to at all earnings levels between $7,000 and $30,000 per year for at least five States, including Wisconsin and California; and (2) report to Congress. Authorizes appropriations. Terminates the Commission 30 days after the submission of its report.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fairness for America's Servicemen
and Women in Higher Education Act of 2003''.

SEC. 2. REFUND POLICY.

    Section 484B(b)(2) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C.
1091b(b)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(D) Students on active duty during a war or
                national emergency.--Notwithstanding subparagraphs (A),
                (B), and (C), a student who withdraws from an
                institution of higher education to serve on active duty
                during a war or national emergency shall not be
                required to repay any grant assistance that is
                otherwise required to be repayed under this section.''.

SEC. 3. DEFERMENT DURING ACTIVE DUTY.

    (a) FFEL Subsidized Loans.--Section 428(b)(1)(M) of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078(b)(1)(M)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (ii), by striking ``or'' after the semicolon;
            (2) in clause (iii), by inserting ``or'' after the
        semicolon; and
            (3) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
                            ``(iv) during which the borrower--
                                    ``(I) is a member of a regular
                                component on active duty during a war
                                or during a national emergency declared
                                by the President or Congress, and
                                receives compensation described in
                                section 112(a) of the Internal Revenue
                                Code of 1986;
                                    ``(II) is on active duty under
                                section 688, 12301(a), 12301(d),
                                12301(g), 12302, 12304, 12306, 12307,
                                or 12406, or chapter 15 of title 10,
                                United States Code, or any other
                                provision of law, during a war or
                                during a national emergency declared by
                                the President or Congress, regardless
                                of the location at which such active
                                duty service is performed; or
                                    ``(III) in the case of a member of
                                the National Guard, is on full-time
                                National Guard duty (as defined in
                                section 101(d)(5) of title 10, United
                                States Code) under a call to active
                                service authorized by the President or
                                the Secretary of Defense for a period
                                of more than 30 consecutive days under
                                section 12402 of title 10, United
                                States Code, or section 502(f) of title
                                32, United States Code, for purposes of
                                responding to a national emergency
                                declared by the President and supported
                                by Federal funds.''.
    (b) Direct Subsidized Loans.--Section 455(f)(2) of such Act (20
U.S.C. 1087e(f)(2)) is amended--
            (1) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (C)
        and inserting ``; and''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(D) during which the borrower--
                            ``(i) is a member of a regular component on
                        active duty during a war or during a national
                        emergency declared by the President or
                        Congress, and receives compensation described
                        in section 112(a) of the Internal Revenue Code
                        of 1986;
                            ``(ii) is on active duty under section 688,
                        12301(a), 12301(d), 12301(g), 12302, 12304,
                        12306, 12307, or 12406, or chapter 15 of title
                        10, United States Code, or any other provision
                        of law, during a war or during a national
                        emergency declared by the President or
                        Congress, regardless of the location at which
                        such active duty service is performed; or
                            ``(iii) in the case of a member of the
                        National Guard, is on full-time National Guard
                        duty (as defined in section 101(d)(5) of title
                        10, United States Code) under a call to active
                        service authorized by the President or the
                        Secretary of Defense for a period of more than
                        30 consecutive days under section 12402 of
                        title 10, United States Code, or section 502(f)
                        of title 32, United States Code, for purposes
                        of responding to a national emergency declared
                        by the President and supported by Federal
                        funds.''.
    (c) Consolidation Loans.--Section 428C(b)(4)(C)(ii) of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-3(b)(4)(C)(ii)) is amended--
            (1) in subclause (II), by striking ``or'' after the
        semicolon;
            (2) in subclause (III), by striking ``or (II)'' and
        inserting ``, (II) or (III)'';
            (3) by redesignating subclause (III) (as so amended) as
        subclause (IV); and
            (4) by inserting after subclause (II) the following:
                    ``(III) by the Secretary, in the case of a
                consolidation loan of a student who is on an active
                duty deferment under section 428(b)(1)(M)(iv); or''.
    (d) FFEL Unsubsidized Loans.--Section 428H(e) of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-8(e)) is amended by adding at the
end the following:
            ``(C) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), interest on loans
        made under this section for which payments of principal are
        deferred because the student is on an active duty deferment
        under section 428(b)(1)(M)(iv) shall be paid by the
        Secretary.''.
    (e) Direct Unsubsidized Loans.--Section 455(f) of such Act (20
U.S.C. 1087e(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Interest during active duty deferments.--
        Notwithstanding paragraph (1)(B), interest on loans under this
        part for which payments of principal are deferred because the
        student is on an active duty deferment under paragraph (2)(D)
        shall be paid by the Secretary.''.
    (f) Perkins Loans.--Section 464(c)(2)(A) of the Higher Education
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087dd(c)(2)(A)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (iii), by striking ``or'' after the
        semicolon;
            (2) in clause (iv), by inserting ``or'' after the
        semicolon; and
            (3) by inserting after clause (iv) the following:
                            ``(v) during which the borrower--
                                    ``(I) is a member of a regular
                                component on active duty during a war
                                or during a national emergency declared
                                by the President or Congress, and
                                receives compensation described in
                                section 112(a) of the Internal Revenue
                                Code of 1986;
                                    ``(II) is on active duty under
                                section 688, 12301(a), 12301(d),
                                12301(g), 12302, 12304, 12306, 12307,
                                or 12406, or chapter 15 of title 10,
                                United States Code, or any other
                                provision of law, during a war or
                                during a national emergency declared by
                                the President or Congress, regardless
                                of the location at which such active
                                duty service is performed; or
                                    ``(III) in the case of a member of
                                the National Guard, is on full-time
                                National Guard duty (as defined in
                                section 101(d)(5) of title 10, United
                                States Code) under a call to active
                                service authorized by the President or
                                the Secretary of Defense for a period
                                of more than 30 consecutive days under
                                section 12402 of title 10, United
                                States Code, or section 502(f) of title
                                32, United States Code, for purposes of
                                responding to a national emergency
                                declared by the President and supported
                                by Federal funds.''.
    (g) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply with respect to loans for which the first disbursement is made on
or after July 1, 1993, to an individual who is a new borrower (within
the meaning of section 103 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20
U.S.C. 1003)) on or after such date.

Output: Fairness for America's Servicemen and Women in Higher Education Act of 2003 - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) to revise title IV student loan and grant assistance repayment provisions with respect to individuals who serve on active duty during a war or national emergency.Exempts students who withdraw from higher education institutions to serve on active duty during a war or national emergency from requirements to repay certain title IV grant assistance.Defers repayments of principal, and directs the Secretary of Education to make interest payments, on specified types of student loans during a war or national emergency when a borrower is: (1) a member of a regular component on active duty, and receives specified compensation; (2) on active duty, regardless of the location at which such active duty service is performed; or (3) on full-time National Guard duty under a call to active service for a period of more than 30 consecutive days to respond to a national emergency.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Assured Food Safety Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. CERTIFICATE OF ASSURED SAFETY PROGRAM.

    (a) Program.--The Secretary of Agriculture and the Commissioner of
Food and Drugs shall jointly establish a program to require all food
items imported into the United States to bear a certificate of assured
safety issued by the government of the country from which the item is
imported. In conducting such program, the Secretary and the
Commissioner shall--
            (1) establish requirements for a food item to be issued a
        certificate of assured safety by the government of the country
        from which the food item is to be imported into the United
        States; and
            (2) prohibit a food item that does not bear a certificate
        of assured safety from being imported into the United States.
    (b) Exemptions.--The Secretary and the Commissioner may exempt from
the requirements of the program established under subsection (a) a food
item that is imported--
            (1) from a country that has not been the source of a
        contaminated food item resulting in a significant health or
        safety recall in the preceding 5 years, as determined by--
                    (A) in the case of meat and poultry food items, the
                Secretary; and
                    (B) in the case of all other food items, the
                Commissioner; or
            (2) in a de minimis volume, as determined by--
                    (A) in the case of meat and poultry food items, the
                Secretary; and
                    (B) in the case of all other food items, the
                Commissioner.
    (c) Failure To Provide Assured Level of Safety.--
            (1) Prohibition.--If a food item fails to provide the level
        of safety assured in the certificate required under this
        section for such item, the Secretary and the Commissioner shall
        prohibit the importation of any food item that is the same type
        of food, is produced by the same person, and is produced in the
        same country until the Secretary or the Commissioner, as
        appropriate--
                    (A) is given an opportunity to inspect the place of
                production of the food to determine whether appropriate
                corrections have been made; and
                    (B) determines that such country has taken
                sufficient steps to identify and correct the failure.
            (2) Heightened inspection.--For a period of 3 years after
        removing a prohibition against importation of a food item
        described in paragraph (1), the Secretary and the Commissioner
        shall require a heightened inspection of any such food item to
        provide reasonable assurance to consumers of their safety.

SEC. 3. REPORTS.

    (a) Food Items Subject to Recalls.--Not later than February 15 of
each year, the Secretary and the Commissioner shall jointly submit to
Congress a report containing--
            (1) the volume of imported food items subject to recalls;
        and
            (2) the volume of recoveries of such imported food items.
    (b) Sufficiency of Food Safety.--Not later than 3 years after the
date of the enactment of this Act, and every 3 years thereafter, the
Secretary and the Commissioner shall jointly conduct a study and submit
a report to the Congress on the sufficiency of food safety and improved
food safety technologies.
    (c) Amount of Food Inspection.--
            (1) Study.--The Secretary and the Commissioner shall
        jointly conduct a study on inspection of imported food to
        determine--
                    (A) the minimum amount of inspection necessary to
                assure consumers of a safe food supply; and
                    (B) the additional cost of allocating resources for
                inspecting imported food in order to achieve such
                minimum amount.
            (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary and the Commissioner shall
        submit to Congress a report containing the results of the study
        conducted under subsection (a).

SEC. 4. MINIMUM INSPECTIONS.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of the submission of the
report under section 3(c), the Secretary and the Commissioner shall
ensure that the amount of imported food inspected by the Secretary and
the Commissioner is not less than the amount determined necessary under
section 3(c) to assure consumers of a safe food supply.

SEC. 5. USER FEES REGARDING INSPECTIONS OF IMPORTED FOOD SAFETY.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Assessment.--Beginning in fiscal year 2008, the
        Secretary and the Commissioner shall jointly assess and collect
        fees on food imported into the United States.
            (2) Purpose of fees.--The purpose of fees under paragraph
        (1) is to defray increases in the costs of the resources
        allocated for inspecting imported food in order to comply with
        section 4 over the costs of the resources allocated for
        inspecting imported food in fiscal year 2007 multiplied by the
        adjustment factor. Increases referred to in the preceding
        sentence include increases in such costs for an additional
        number of full-time equivalent positions in the Department of
        Agriculture and the Department of Health and Human Services to
        be engaged in carrying out such section.
            (3) Amount of fee; collection.--A fee under paragraph (1)
        shall be assessed on each line item of food, as defined by the
        Secretary and the Commissioner by regulation. The amount of the
        fee shall be based on the number of line items, and may not
        exceed $20 per line item, notwithstanding subsection (b). The
        liability for the fee constitutes a personal debt due to the
        United States, and such liability accrues on the date on which
        the food is imported into the United States. The Secretary and
        the Commissioner may coordinate with and seek the cooperation
        of other agencies of the Federal Government regarding the
        collection of such fees.
    (b) Total Fee Revenues.--The total fee revenues collected under
subsection (a) for a fiscal year shall be the amount appropriated under
subsection (f)(3).
    (c) Adjustments.--
            (1) Inflation adjustment.--With respect to the amount of
        total fee revenues referred to in subsection (b), the amount
        authorized in subsection (f)(3) for a fiscal year shall be
        adjusted by the Secretary and the Commissioner (and as adjusted
        shall be published in the Federal Register) to reflect the
        greater of--
                    (A) the total percentage change that occurred
                during the preceding fiscal year in the Consumer Price
                Index for all urban consumers (all items; U.S. city
                average); or
                    (B) the total percentage change for such fiscal
                year in basic pay under the General Schedule in
                accordance with section 5332 of title 5, United States
                Code, as adjusted by any locality-based comparability
                payment pursuant to section 5304 of such title for
                Federal employees stationed in the District of
                Columbia.
            (2) Annual fee adjustment.--Not later than 60 days after
        the end of each fiscal year beginning after fiscal year 2008,
        the Secretary and the Commissioner, subject to not exceeding
        the maximum fee amount specified in subsection (a)(3), shall
        adjust the amounts that otherwise would under subsection (a) be
        assessed as fees during the fiscal year in which the adjustment
        occurs so that the total revenues collected in such fees for
        such fiscal year equal the amount applicable pursuant to
        subsection (b) for the fiscal year.
    (d) Fee Waiver or Reduction.--The Secretary and the Commissioner
shall grant a waiver from or a reduction of a fee assessed under
subsection (a) where the Secretary and the Commissioner find that the
fee to be paid will exceed the anticipated present and future costs
incurred by the Secretary and the Commissioner in carrying out section
4 (which finding may be made by the Secretary and the Commissioner
using standard costs).
    (e) Assessment of Fees.--
            (1) Limitation.--Fees may not be assessed under subsection
        (a) for a fiscal year beginning after fiscal year 2008 unless
        the amount appropriated for salaries and expenses of the
        Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration
        for such fiscal year is equal to or greater than the amount
        appropriated for salaries and expenses of the Food and Drug
        Administration for fiscal year 2008 multiplied by the
        adjustment factor applicable to the fiscal year involved,
        except that in making determinations under this paragraph for
        the fiscal years involved there shall be excluded any amounts
        collected as fees for purposes of funding the inspection of
        food or other items being imported.
            (2) Authority.--If the Secretary and the Commissioner do
        not assess fees under subsection (a) during any portion of a
        fiscal year because of paragraph (1) and if at a later date in
        such fiscal year the Secretary and the Commissioner may assess
        such fees, the Secretary and the Commissioner may assess and
        collect such fees, without any modification in the rate of the
        fees, at any time in such fiscal year notwithstanding the
        provisions of subsection (a)(3) relating to the time at which
        fees are to be paid.
    (f) Crediting and Availability of Fees.--
            (1) In general.--Fees collected for a fiscal year pursuant
        to subsection (a) shall be credited to the appropriation
        accounts for salaries and expenses of the Department of
        Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration and shall be
        available in accordance with appropriation Acts until expended
        without fiscal year limitation. Such sums as may be necessary
        may be transferred from the Department of Agriculture and the
        Food and Drug Administration salaries and expenses
        appropriation accounts without fiscal year limitation to such
        appropriation accounts for salaries and expenses with such
        fiscal year limitation. The sums transferred shall be available
        solely for carrying out section 4.
            (2) Collections and appropriation acts.--The fees
        authorized in subsection (a)--
                    (A) shall be collected in each fiscal year in
                accordance with subsections (a)(3) and (b); and
                    (B) shall only be collected and available for the
                purpose specified in subsection (a)(2).
            (3) Authorization of appropriations; allocations by
        secretary and commissioner.--Subject to paragraph (4), there is
        authorized to be appropriated the amount determined by the
        Secretary and the Commissioner under section 3(c) to be
        necessary to comply with section 4 for each of the fiscal years
        2008 through 2012.
            (4) Offset.--Any amount of fees collected for a fiscal year
        under subsection (a) that exceeds the amount of fees specified
        in appropriation Acts for such fiscal year shall be credited to
        the appropriation accounts of the Department of Agriculture and
        the Food and Drug Administration as provided in paragraph (1),
        and shall be subtracted from the amount of fees that would
        otherwise be authorized to be collected under this section
        pursuant to appropriation Acts for a subsequent fiscal year.
    (g) Collection of Unpaid Fees.--In any case where the Secretary and
the Commissioner do not receive payment of a fee assessed under
subsection (a) within 30 days after it is due, such fee shall be
treated as a claim of the United States Government subject to
subchapter II of chapter 37 of title 31, United States Code.
    (h) Construction.--This section may not be construed as requiring
that the number of full-time equivalent positions in the Department of
Agriculture or the Department of Health and Human Services, for
officers, employees, and advisory committees not engaged in inspecting
imported food be reduced to offset the number of officers, employees,
and advisory committees so engaged.
    (i) Definition of Adjustment Factor.--For purposes of this section,
the term ``adjustment factor'' applicable to a fiscal year is the
Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (all items; United States
city average) for April of the preceding fiscal year divided by such
Index for April 2007.''.

SEC. 6. PRIVATE CAUSE OF ACTION.

    (a) In General.--Any person aggrieved by the failure of any food
item to meet the level of safety assured in the certificate required
for that food item under section 2(a) may bring a civil action in a
United States district court against the person who imported the food
item.
    (b) Damages.--In an action brought pursuant to subsection (a), the
court may award actual damages, equitable relief, and any litigation
costs reasonably incurred.

SEC. 7. CRIMINAL PENALTIES.

    If any person imports a food item into the United States knowing
that such food item does not comply with the assurance of safety for
such food item in the certificate required for that food item under
section 2(a), such person is deemed to be in violation of section 1001
of title 18, United States Code (relating to fraudulent and false
statements in any matter within the Government).

SEC. 8. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) The term ``Commissioner'' means the Commissioner of
        Food and Drugs.
            (2) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of
        Agriculture.

Output:
Assured Food Safety Act of 2007 - Directs the Secretary of Agriculture and the Commissioner of Food and Drugs to jointly establish a program to require all food items imported into the United States to bear a certificate of assured safety issued by the government of the country from which the item is imported.

Directs the Secretary and the Commissioner to: (1) establish certificate requirements; and (2) prohibit a food item that does not bear such certificate from being imported into the United States. Authorizes specified exemptions.

Directs the Secretary and the Commissioner, upon a food item's failure to provide the assured safety level, to prohibit the importation of any similar food item produced by the same person in the same country until the Secretary or the Commissioner inspects the production place and determines that sufficient corrective steps have been taken.

Requires: (1) heightened inspections for three years following the removal of a food item's import prohibition; and (2) inspection-related user fees on foods imported into the United States. Authorizes fee waiver or reduction.

Provides: (1) a private right of action against an importer; and (2) criminal penalties against an importer who knowingly imports a non-complying food item.


Input:
SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

    The Congress finds the following:
        (1) In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt overruled his top
    generals and ordered the creation of an all Black flight training
    program. President Roosevelt took this action one day after the
    NAACP filed suit on behalf of Howard University student Yancy
    Williams and others in Federal court to force the Department of War
    to accept Black pilot trainees. Yancy Williams had a civilian
    pilot's license and had earned an engineering degree. Years later,
    Major Yancy Williams participated in an air surveillance project
    created by President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
        (2) Due to the rigid system of racial segregation that
    prevailed in the United States during World War II, Black military
    pilots were trained at a separate airfield built near Tuskegee,
    Alabama. They became known as the ``Tuskegee Airmen''.
        (3) The Tuskegee Airmen inspired revolutionary reform in the
    Armed Forces, paving the way for full racial integration in the
    Armed Forces. They overcame the enormous challenges of prejudice
    and discrimination, succeeding, despite obstacles that threatened
    failure.
        (4) From all accounts, the training of the Tuskegee Airmen was
    an experiment established to prove that so-called ``coloreds'' were
    incapable of operating expensive and complex combat aircraft.
    Studies commissioned by the Army War College between 1924 and 1939
    concluded that Blacks were unfit for leadership roles and incapable
    of aviation. Instead, the Tuskegee Airmen excelled.
        (5) Overall, some 992 Black pilots graduated from the pilot
    training program of the Tuskegee Army Air Field, with the last
    class finishing in June 1946, 450 of whom served in combat. The
    first class of cadets began in July 1941 with 13 airmen, all of
    whom had college degrees, some with Ph.D. degrees, and all of whom
    had pilot's licenses. One of the graduates was Captain Benjamin O.
    Davis Jr., a United States Military Academy graduate. Four aviation
    cadets were commissioned as second lieutenants, and 5 received Army
    Air Corps silver pilot wings.
        (6) That the experiment achieved success rather than the
    expected failure is further evidenced by the eventual promotion of
    3 of these pioneers through the commissioned officer ranks to flag
    rank, including the late General Benjamin O. Davis, Jr., United
    States Air Force, the late General Daniel ``Chappie'' James, United
    States Air Force, our Nation's first Black 4-star general, and
    Major General Lucius Theus, United States Air Force (retired).
        (7) 450 Black fighter pilots under the command of then Colonel
    Benjamin O. Davis, Jr., fought in World War II aerial battles over
    North Africa, Sicily, and Europe, flying, in succession, P-40, P-
    39, P-47, and P-51 aircraft. These gallant men flew 15,553 sorties
    and 1,578 missions with the 12th Tactical Air Force and the 15th
    Strategic Air Force.
        (8) Colonel Davis later became the first Black flag officer of
    the United States Air Force, retired as a 3-star general, and was
    honored with a 4th star in retirement by President William J.
    Clinton.
        (9) German pilots, who both feared and respected the Tuskegee
    Airmen, called them the ``Schwartze Vogelmenschen'' (or ``Black
    Birdmen''). White American bomber crews reverently referred to them
    as the ``Black Redtail Angels'', because of the bright red painted
    on the tail assemblies of their fighter aircraft and because of
    their reputation for not losing bombers to enemy fighters as they
    provided close escort for bombing missions over strategic targets
    in Europe.
        (10) The 99th Fighter Squadron, after having distinguished
    itself over North Africa, Sicily, and Italy, joined 3 other Black
    squadrons, the 100th, the 301st, and the 302nd, designated as the
    332nd Fighter Group. They then comprised the largest fighter unit
    in the 15th Air Force. From Italian bases, they destroyed many
    enemy targets on the ground and at sea, including a German
    destroyer in strafing attacks, and they destroyed numerous enemy
    aircraft in the air and on the ground.
        (11) 66 of these pilots were killed in combat, while another 32
    were either forced down or shot down and captured to become
    prisoners of war. These Black airmen came home with 150
    Distinguished Flying Crosses, Bronze Stars, Silver Stars, and
    Legions of Merit, one Presidential Unit Citation, and the Red Star
    of Yugoslavia.
        (12) Other Black pilots, navigators, bombardiers and crewman
    who were trained for medium bombardment duty as the 477th Bomber
    Group (Medium) were joined by veterans of the 332nd Fighter Group
    to form the 477th Composite Group, flying the B-25 and P-47
    aircraft. The demands of the members of the 477th Composite Group
    for parity in treatment and for recognition as competent military
    professionals, combined with the magnificent wartime records of the
    99th Fighter Squadron and the 332nd Fighter Group, led to a review
    of the racial policies of the Department of War.
        (13) In September 1947, the United States Air Force, as a
    separate service, reactivated the 332d Fighter Group under the
    Tactical Air command. Members of the 332d Fighter Group were ``Top
    Guns'' in the 1st annual Air Force Gunnery Meet in 1949.
        (14) For every Black pilot, there were 12 other civilian or
    military Black men and women performing ground support duties. Many
    of these men and women remained in the military service during the
    post-World War II era and spearheaded the integration of the Armed
    Forces of the United States.
        (15) Major achievements are attributed to many of those who
    returned to civilian life and earned leadership positions and
    respect as businessmen, corporate executives, religious leaders,
    lawyers, doctors, educators, bankers, and political leaders.
        (16) A period of nearly 30 years of anonymity for the Tuskegee
    Airmen was ended in 1972 with the founding of Tuskegee Airmen,
    Inc., in Detroit, Michigan. Organized as a non-military and
    nonprofit entity, Tuskegee Airmen, Inc., exists primarily to
    motivate and inspire young Americans to become participants in our
    Nation's society and its democratic process, and to preserve the
    history of their legacy.
        (17) The Tuskegee Airmen have several memorials in place to
    perpetuate the memory of who they were and what they accomplished,
    including--
            (A) the Tuskegee Airmen, Inc., National Scholarship Fund
        for high school seniors who excel in mathematics, but need
        financial assistance to begin a college program;
            (B) a museum in historic Fort Wayne in Detroit, Michigan;
            (C) Memorial Park at the Air Force Museum at Wright-
        Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio;
            (D) a statue of a Tuskegee Airman in the Honor Park at the
        United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado;
        and
            (E) a National Historic Site at Moton Field, where primary
        flight training was performed under contract with the Tuskegee
        Institute.

SEC. 2. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL.

    (a) Award Authorized.--The Speaker of the House of Representatives
and the President pro tempore of the Senate shall make appropriate
arrangements for the award, on behalf of the Congress, of a single gold
medal of appropriate design in honor of the Tuskegee Airmen,
collectively, in recognition of their unique military record, which
inspired revolutionary reform in the Armed Forces.
    (b) Design and Striking.--For the purposes of the award referred to
in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury (hereafter in this Act
referred to as the ``Secretary'') shall strike the gold medal with
suitable emblems, devices, and inscriptions, to be determined by the
Secretary.
    (c) Smithsonian Institution.--
        (1) In general.--Following the award of the gold medal in honor
    of the Tuskegee Airmen under subsection (a), the gold medal shall
    be given to the Smithsonian Institution, where it will be displayed
    as appropriate and made available for research.
        (2) Sense of the congress.--It is the sense of the Congress
    that the Smithsonian Institution should make the gold medal
    received under paragraph (1) available for display elsewhere,
    particularly at other appropriate locations associated with the
    Tuskegee Airmen.

SEC. 3. DUPLICATE MEDALS.

    Under such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe, the
Secretary may strike and sell duplicates in bronze of the gold medal
struck under section 2, at a price sufficient to cover the costs of the
medals, including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and
overhead expenses.

SEC. 4. NATIONAL MEDALS.

    Medals struck pursuant to this Act are national medals for purposes
of chapter 51 of title 31, United States Code.

SEC. 5. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS; PROCEEDS OF SALE.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
charged against the United States Mint Public Enterprise Fund, an
amount not to exceed $30,000 to pay for the cost of the medals
authorized under section 2.
    (b) Proceeds of Sale.--Amounts received from the sale of duplicate
bronze medals under section 3 shall be deposited in the United States
Mint Public Enterprise Fund.

                               Speaker of the House of Representatives.

                            Vice President of the United States and
                                               President of the Senate.

Output:
Directs the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate to make appropriate arrangements for the award, on behalf of Congress, of a single gold medal collectively to the Tuskegee Airmen in recognition of their unique military record, which inspired revolutionary reform in the Armed Forces. Directs that, after such award, the medal be displayed at the Smithsonian Institution. Expresses the sense of Congress that such Institution should make the medal available for display elsewhere, particularly at locations associated with the Airmen.

Provides funding from the United States Mint Public Enterprise Fund to cover the cost of duplicate medals authorized for sale.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Planning Actively
for Cancer Treatment (PACT) Act of 2013''.
    (b) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Individuals with cancer often do not have access to a
        cancer care system that incorporates shared decision-making and
        the coordination of all elements of care.
            (2) The cancer care system has not traditionally offered
        individuals with cancer a shared decision-making process, a
        prospective and comprehensive plan for treatment, symptom
        management and supportive care, strategies for updating and
        evaluating such plan with the assistance of a health care
        professional, and a follow-up plan for monitoring and treating
        possible late effects of cancer and its treatment.
            (3) Cancer survivors often experience the under-diagnosis
        and under-treatment of the symptoms of cancer, a problem that
        begins at the time of diagnosis and may become more severe with
        disease progression and at the end of life. The failure to
        treat the symptoms, side effects, and late effects of cancer
        and cancer treatment may have a serious adverse impact on the
        health, survival, well-being, and quality of life of cancer
        survivors.
            (4) The 1999 Institute of Medicine report entitled ``The
        Unequal Burden of Cancer'' found that low-income people often
        lack access to adequate cancer care and that ethnic minorities
        have not benefitted fully from cancer treatment advances.
            (5) Individuals with cancer often do not participate in a
        shared decision-making process that considers all treatment
        options and do not benefit from coordination of all elements of
        active treatment and palliative care.
            (6) Quality cancer care should incorporate access to
        psychosocial services and management of the symptoms of cancer
        and the symptoms of cancer treatment, including pain, nausea,
        vomiting, fatigue, and depression.
            (7) Quality cancer care should include a means for engaging
        cancer survivors in a shared decision-making process that
        produces a comprehensive care summary and a plan for follow-up
        care after primary treatment to ensure that cancer survivors
        have access to follow-up monitoring and treatment of possible
        late effects of cancer and cancer treatment, including
        appropriate psychosocial services.
            (8) The Institute of Medicine report entitled ``Ensuring
        Quality Cancer Care'' described the elements of quality care
        for an individual with cancer to include--
                    (A) the development of initial treatment
                recommendations by an experienced health care provider;
                    (B) the development of a plan for the course of
                treatment of the individual and communication of the
                plan to the individual;
                    (C) access to the resources necessary to implement
                the course of treatment;
                    (D) access to high-quality clinical trials;
                    (E) a mechanism to coordinate services for the
                treatment of the individual; and
                    (F) psychosocial support services and compassionate
                care for the individual.
            (9) In its report ``From Cancer Patient to Cancer Survivor:
        Lost in Transition'', the Institute of Medicine recommended
        that individuals with cancer completing primary treatment be
        provided a comprehensive summary of their care along with a
        follow-up survivorship plan of treatment.
            (10) In ``Cancer Care for the Whole Patient'', the
        Institute of Medicine stated that the development of a plan
        that includes biomedical and psychosocial care should be a
        standard for quality cancer care in any quality measurement
        system.
            (11) Because more than half of all cancer diagnoses occur
        among elderly Medicare beneficiaries, cancer care inadequacies
        should be addressed through the Medicare program.
            (12) Shortcomings in providing cancer care, resulting in a
        lack of shared decision-making, inadequate management of cancer
        symptoms, and insufficient monitoring and treatment of late
        effects of cancer and its treatment, relate in part to the
        inadequacy of Medicare payments for such planning and
        coordination services.
            (13) Changes in Medicare payment for cancer care planning
        and coordination will support shared decision-making that
        reviews all treatment options and will contribute to improved
        care for individuals with cancer from the time of diagnosis
        through the end of the life.

SEC. 2. COVERAGE OF CANCER CARE PLANNING AND COORDINATION SERVICES.

    (a) In General.--Section 1861 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C.
1395x) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (s)(2)--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of subparagraph
                (EE);
                    (B) by adding ``and'' at the end of subparagraph
                (FF); and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new
                subparagraph:
            ``(GG) cancer care planning and coordination services (as
        defined in subsection (iii))''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

            ``Cancer Care Planning and Coordination Services

    ``(iii)(1) The term `cancer care planning and coordination
services' means--
            ``(A) with respect to an individual who is diagnosed with
        cancer, the development of a treatment plan by a physician,
        nurse practitioner, or physician assistant that--
                    ``(i) includes an assessment of the individual's
                diagnosis, health status, treatment needs, functional
                status, pain control, and psychosocial needs;
                    ``(ii) engages the individual in a shared decision-
                making process that reviews all treatment options;
                    ``(iii) details, to the greatest extent practicable
                all aspects of the care to be provided to the
                individual with respect to the treatment of such
                cancer, including any curative treatment, comprehensive
                symptom management, and palliative care;
                    ``(iv) is furnished in person, in written form, to
                the individual within a period specified by the
                Secretary that is as soon as practicable after the date
                on which the individual is so diagnosed;
                    ``(v) is furnished, to the greatest extent
                practicable, in a form that appropriately takes into
                account cultural and linguistic needs of the individual
                in order to make the plan accessible to the individual;
                and
                    ``(vi) is in accordance with standards determined
                by the Secretary to be appropriate;
            ``(B) with respect to an individual for whom a treatment
        plan has been developed under subparagraph (A), the revision of
        such treatment plan as necessary to account for any substantial
        change in the condition of the individual, recurrence of
        disease, changes in the individual's treatment preferences, or
        significant revision of the elements of curative care or
        symptom management for the individual, if such revision--
                    ``(i) is in accordance with clauses (i), (ii), (iv)
                and (v) of such subparagraph; and
                    ``(ii) is furnished in written form to the
                individual within a period specified by the Secretary
                that is as soon as practicable after the date of such
                revision;
            ``(C) with respect to an individual who has completed the
        primary treatment for cancer, as defined by the Secretary, the
        development of a follow-up survivorship care plan that--
                    ``(i) includes an assessment of the individual's
                diagnosis, health status, treatment needs, functional
                status, pain control, and psychosocial needs;
                    ``(ii) engages the individual in a shared decision-
                making process that reviews all survivorship care
                options;
                    ``(iii) describes the elements of the primary
                treatment, including symptom management and palliative
                care, furnished to such individual;
                    ``(iv) provides recommendations for the subsequent
                care of the individual with respect to the cancer
                involved;
                    ``(v) is furnished, in person, in written form, to
                the individual within a period specified by the
                Secretary that is as soon as practicable after the
                completion of such primary treatment;
                    ``(vi) is furnished, to the greatest extent
                practicable, in a form that appropriately takes into
                account cultural and linguistic needs of the individual
                in order to make the plan accessible to the individual;
                and
                    ``(vii) is in accordance with standards determined
                by the Secretary to be appropriate; and
            ``(D) with respect to an individual for whom a follow-up
        cancer care plan has been developed under subparagraph (C), the
        revision of such plan as necessary to account for any
        substantial change in the condition of the individual,
        diagnosis of a second cancer, change in the individual's
        preference for survivorship care, or significant revision of
        the plan for follow-up care, if such revision--
                    ``(i) is in accordance with clauses (i), (ii),
                (iii), (v), and (vi) of such subparagraph; and
                    ``(ii) is furnished in written form to the
                individual within a period specified by the Secretary
                that is as soon as practicable after the date of such
                revision.
    ``(2) The Secretary shall establish standards to carry out
paragraph (1) in consultation with appropriate organizations
representing suppliers and providers of services related to cancer
treatment and organizations representing survivors of cancer. Such
standards shall include standards for determining the need and
frequency for revisions of the treatment plans and follow-up
survivorship care plans based on changes in the condition of the
individual or elements and intent of treatment and standards for the
communication of the plan to the individual.
    ``(3) In this subsection, the term `shared decision-making process'
means, with respect to an individual, a process in which the individual
and the individual's health care providers consider the individual's
diagnosis, treatment options, the medical evidence related to treatment
options, the risks and benefits of all treatment options, and the
individual's preferences regarding treatment, and then jointly develop
and implement a treatment plan.''.
    (b) Payment Under Physician Fee Schedule.--
            (1) In general.--Section 1848(j)(3) of the Social Security
        Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-4(j)(3)) is amended by inserting ``(GG),''
        after ``health risk assessment),''.
            (2) Initial rates.--Unless the Secretary of Health and
        Human Services otherwise provides, the payment rate specified
        under the physician fee schedule under the amendment made by
        paragraph (1) for cancer care planning and coordination
        services shall be the same payment rate as provided for
        transitional care management services (as defined in CPT code
        99496).
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to services furnished on or after the first day of the first
calendar year that begins after the date of the enactment of this Act.

Output: Planning Actively for Cancer Treatment (PACT) Act of 2013 - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to provide for coverage of cancer care planning and coordination services.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Save Our Seas Act of 2017'' or the
``SOS Act of 2017''.

SEC. 2. NOAA MARINE DEBRIS PROGRAM.

    Subsection (b) of section 3 of the Marine Debris Act (33 U.S.C.
1952(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (5)(C), by striking the period at the end
        and inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) work with other Federal agencies to develop outreach
        and education strategies to address both land- and sea-based
        sources of marine debris; and
            ``(7) work with the Department of State and other Federal
        agencies to promote international action to reduce the
        incidence of marine debris.''.

SEC. 3. ASSISTANCE FOR SEVERE MARINE DEBRIS EVENTS.

    Section 3 of the Marine Debris Act (33 U.S.C. 1952) is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(d) Assistance for Severe Marine Debris Events.--
            ``(1) In general.--At the discretion of the Administrator
        or at the request of the Governor of an affected State, the
        Administrator shall determine whether there is a severe marine
        debris event.
            ``(2) Assistance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the Administrator makes a
                determination under paragraph (1) that there is a
                severe marine debris event, the Administrator is
                authorized to make sums available to be used by the
                affected State or by the Administrator in cooperation
                with the affected State--
                            ``(i) to assist in the cleanup and response
                        required by the severe marine debris event; or
                            ``(ii) such other activity as the
                        Administrator determines is appropriate in
                        response to the severe marine debris event.
                    ``(B) Priority assistance.--In providing assistance
                under this paragraph, the Administrator shall
                prioritize assistance for activities to respond to a
                severe marine debris event--
                            ``(i) in a rural or remote community; or
                            ``(ii) in a habitat of national concern.
            ``(3) Funding.--
                    ``(A) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost
                of an activity carried out under the authority of this
                subsection shall be--
                            ``(i) if the activity is funded wholly by
                        funds made available by an entity, including
                        the government of a foreign country, to the
                        Federal Government for the purpose of
                        responding to a severe marine debris event, 100
                        percent of the cost of the activity; or
                            ``(ii) for any activity other than an
                        activity funded as described in clause (i), 75
                        percent of the cost of the activity.
                    ``(B) Limitation on administrative expenses.--In
                the case of an activity funded as described in
                subparagraph (A)(i), not more than 5 percent of the
                funds made available for the activity may be used by
                the Administrator for administrative expenses.''.

SEC. 4. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT TO RESPOND TO
              MARINE DEBRIS.

    It is the sense of Congress that the President should--
            (1) support Federal funding for research and development of
        bio-based and other alternatives or environmentally feasible
        improvements to materials that reduce municipal solid waste and
        its consequences in the ocean;
            (2) work with representatives of foreign countries that
        contribute the most to the global marine debris problem to
        learn about, and find solutions to, the contributions of such
        countries to marine debris in the world's oceans;
            (3) carry out studies to determine--
                    (A) the primary means by which solid waste enters
                the oceans;
                    (B) the manner in which waste management
                infrastructure can be most effective in preventing
                debris from reaching the oceans;
                    (C) the long-term economic impacts of marine debris
                on the national economies of each country set out in
                paragraph (1) and on the global economy; and
                    (D) the economic benefits of decreasing the amount
                of marine debris in the oceans;
            (4) work with representatives of foreign countries that
        contribute the most to the global marine debris problem,
        including land-based sources, to conclude one or more new
        international agreements that include provisions--
                    (A) to mitigate the risk of land-based marine
                debris contributed by such countries reaching an ocean;
                and
                    (B) to increase technical assistance and investment
                in waste management infrastructure, if the President
                determines appropriate; and
            (5) encourage the United States Trade Representative to
        consider the impact of marine debris in relevant future trade
        agreements.

SEC. 5. MEMBERSHIP OF THE INTERAGENCY MARINE DEBRIS COORDINATING
              COMMITTEE.

    Section 5(b) of the Marine Debris Act (33 U.S.C. 1954(b)) is
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a
        semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (7); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) the Department of State;
            ``(6) the Department of the Interior; and''.

SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 9 of the Marine Debris Act (33 U.S.C. 1958) is amended to
read as follows:

``SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year 2018
through 2022--
            ``(1) to the Administrator for carrying out sections 3, 5,
        and 6, $10,000,000, of which no more than 10 percent may be for
        administrative costs; and
            ``(2) to the Secretary of the Department in which the Coast
        Guard is operating, for the use of the Commandant of the Coast
        Guard in carrying out section 4, $2,000,000, of which no more
        than 10 percent may be used for administrative costs.''.

Output: Save Our Seas Act of 2017 or the SOS Act of 2017 This bill amends the Marine Debris Act to revise the Marine Debris Program to require the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to work with: (1) other agencies to address both land- and sea-based sources of marine debris, and (2) the Department of State and other agencies to promote international action to reduce the incidence of marine debris. The bill also revises the program by allowing NOAA to make sums available for assisting in the cleanup and response required by severe marine debris events. NOAA must prioritize assistance for activities that respond to a severe marine debris event in: (1) a rural or remote community, or (2) a habitat of national concern.  The bill urges the President to: (1) work with foreign countries that contribute the most to the global marine debris problem in order to find a solution to the problem; (2) study issues related to marine debris, including the economic impacts of marine debris; and (3) encourage the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative to consider the impact of marine debris in relevant future trade agreements. The Interagency Marine Debris Coordinating Committee must expand to include a senior official from the State Department or from the Department of the Interior. This bill reauthorizes for FY2018-FY2022: (1) the Marine Debris Program, (2) an information clearinghouse on marine debris, and (3) enforcement of laws about discarded marine debris from ships.