Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``SMA Treatment Acceleration Act of
2009''.

SEC. 2. CLINICAL TRIALS NETWORK FOR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY.

    Part B of title IV of the Public Health Service Act is amended by
adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 409J. CLINICAL TRIALS NETWORK FOR SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY.

    ``(a) Clinical Trials Network.--The Director of NIH, in
coordination with the Directors of the National Institute of
Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the National Institute of Child
Health and Human Development, and such other Institutes and Centers as
specified by the Director shall provide for the upgrading and
unification of spinal muscular atrophy clinical trial sites and the
recruitment of new investigators and sites to establish a national
clinical trials network for spinal muscular atrophy. The Director of
NIH shall ensure that such network--
            ``(1) conducts coordinated, multisite, clinical trials of
        therapies and clinical approaches to the treatment of spinal
        muscular atrophy; and
            ``(2) rapidly and efficiently disseminates scientific
        findings to the field.
    ``(b) Data Coordinating Center.--The Director of NIH, in
coordination with the Commissioner of Food and Drugs and the Directors
of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and such
other Institutes and Centers as specified by the Director, shall
establish a data coordinating center with respect to spinal muscular
atrophy to--
            ``(1) provide expert assistance in the design, conduct,
        data analysis, data management, and data warehousing of
        collaborative clinical and descriptive research projects;
            ``(2) organize and conduct multi-site monitoring
        activities;
            ``(3) provide regular reports to the National Institute of
        Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the National Institute of
        Child Health and Human Development, such other Institutes and
        Centers as specified by the Director, and the Food and Drug
        Administration on enrollment and the allocation of resources;
        and
            ``(4) conduct such other activities as are deemed necessary
        by the Secretary.
    ``(c) Pre-Clinical Activities.--The Director of NIH, in
coordination with the Directors of the National Institute of
Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the National Institute of Child
Health and Human Development, shall expand and intensify programs of
such Institutes with respect to pre-clinical translation research
related to spinal muscular atrophy.''.

SEC. 3. NATIONAL PATIENT REGISTRY.

    Part P of title III of the Public Health Service Act is amended by
adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 399S. NATIONAL SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY PATIENT REGISTRY.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Director of
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and in coordination with
the Director of the NIH, shall enhance and provide ongoing support to a
spinal muscular atrophy patient registry to provide for expanded
epidemiological research towards improving awareness, management,
treatment, and prevention of spinal muscular atrophy.
    ``(b) Longitudinal Data.--In carrying out subsection (a), the
Secretary shall ensure the collection and analysis of longitudinal data
related to individuals of all ages with spinal muscular atrophy,
including infants, young children, adolescents, and adults of all
ages.''.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY RESEARCH COORDINATING
              COMMITTEE.

    Part B of title IV of the Public Health Service Act, as amended by
section 2, is further amended by adding at the end the following new
section:

``SEC. 409K. INTERAGENCY SPINAL MUSCULAR ATROPHY RESEARCH COORDINATING
              COMMITTEE.

    ``(a) Establishment.--Not later than 6 months after the date of the
enactment of this section, the Secretary shall establish a committee,
to be known as the Interagency Spinal Muscular Atrophy Research
Coordinating Committee (in this section referred to as the
`Committee').
    ``(b) Duties.--The Committee shall--
            ``(1) share and coordinate information on existing research
        activities, and make recommendations to the National Institutes
        of Health and other Federal agencies regarding how to improve
        existing research programs, that are related to spinal muscular
        atrophy research and other related neurological diseases and
        disorders;
            ``(2) develop a comprehensive strategy related to spinal
        muscular atrophy research and other related neurological
        diseases and disorders and advise the National Institutes of
        Health and other Federal agencies, expanding proposals for
        collaborative, multidisciplinary research, including proposals
        for Common Fund research described in section 402(b)(7) and
        other proposals that involve collaboration between 2 or more
        national research institutes or national centers;
            ``(3) provide annual reports to the Secretary regarding the
        National Institutes of Health and other Federal agencies'
        collaborative multidisciplinary research efforts to support
        spinal muscular atrophy, including the Spinal Muscular Atrophy
        Project at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and
        Stroke, the ongoing and future research needs to advance
        therapies for spinal muscular atrophy, and recommendations on
        how to strengthen the collaboration of research activities by
        the institutes and agencies to improve the results;
            ``(4) develop a summary of advances in research related to
        spinal muscular atrophy research and other related neurological
        diseases and disorders research supported or conducted by
        Federal agencies; and
            ``(5) not later than 1 year after the date of the
        establishment of the Committee, make recommendations to the
        Secretary--
                    ``(A) regarding any appropriate changes to research
                activities, including recommendations to improve the
                research portfolio of the National Institutes of Health
                to ensure that scientifically-based strategic planning
                is implemented in support of research priorities that
                impact research activities related to spinal muscular
                atrophy and other related neurological diseases and
                disorders;
                    ``(B) identifying barriers to the development of
                new treatments and cures for spinal muscular atrophy
                and other related neurological diseases and disorders;
                    ``(C) regarding public participation in decisions
                relating to spinal muscular atrophy research and other
                related neurological diseases and disorders to increase
                the involvement of patient advocacy and community
                organizations representing a broad geographical area;
                    ``(D) on how best to disseminate information on
                spinal muscular atrophy progress; and
                    ``(E) on how to expand partnerships between public
                entities, including Federal agencies, and private
                entities to expand collaborative, cross-cutting
                research.
    ``(c) Rule of Construction.--In carrying out the duties described
in subsection (b) with respect to research on spinal muscular atrophy,
nothing in this section shall be construed to restrict the Secretary
from including other neurological or genetic disorders, as appropriate,
in such research if doing so may advance research in spinal muscular
atrophy or other related neurological diseases and disorders.
    ``(d) Membership.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Committee shall be composed of the
        following voting members:
                    ``(A) Not more than 11 voting Federal
                representatives as follows:
                            ``(i) The Director of the Centers for
                        Disease Control and Prevention.
                            ``(ii) The Director of the National
                        Institutes of Health and the directors of such
                        national research institutes and national
                        centers (which shall include the National
                        Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke,
                        the National Institute of Child Health and
                        Human Development, and the National Center for
                        Research Resources) as the Secretary determines
                        appropriate.
                            ``(iii) The Commissioner of Food and Drugs.
                            ``(iv) The heads of such other agencies and
                        advisory committees as the Secretary determines
                        appropriate, including the Health Resources and
                        Services Administration, the Agency for
                        Healthcare Research and Quality, and the
                        Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders and
                        Genetic Diseases in Newborns and Children.
                            ``(v) Representatives of other Federal
                        agencies that conduct or support neurological
                        research, or provide support services and
                        resources for individuals with spinal muscular
                        atrophy, such as the Department of Education
                        and the Social Security Administration.
                    ``(B) 9 additional voting members appointed under
                paragraph (2).
            ``(2) Additional members.--The Committee shall include
        additional voting members appointed by the Secretary as
        follows:
                    ``(A) 6 members shall be appointed from among
                scientists, physicians, and other health professionals,
                who--
                            ``(i) are not officers or employees of the
                        United States;
                            ``(ii) represent multiple disciplines,
                        including clinical, basic, and public health
                        sciences;
                            ``(iii) represent different geographical
                        regions of the United States;
                            ``(iv) are from practice settings,
                        academia, or other research settings; and
                            ``(v) are experienced in scientific peer
                        review process.
                    ``(B) 3 members shall be appointed from members of
                the general public, who represent individuals with
                spinal muscular atrophy.
            ``(3) Nonvoting members.--The Committee shall include such
        nonvoting members as the Secretary determines to be
        appropriate.
    ``(e) Chairperson.--The voting members of the Committee shall
select a chairperson from among the Federal members of the Committee
described in subsection (d)(1)(A). The selection of a chairperson may
be subject to the approval of the Secretary. The chairperson shall
serve for a term of not to exceed 2 years, but may be re-elected as
provided for in the first sentence.
    ``(f) Meetings.--The Committee shall meet at the call of the
chairperson of the Committee or upon the request of the Secretary, but
in no case less often than once each year.
    ``(g) Review.--In 2012, and biennially thereafter, the Secretary
shall review the necessity of the Committee.''.

SEC. 5. EDUCATION AND AWARENESS ON SMA FOR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS.

    Part P of title III of the Public Health Service Act, as amended by
section 3, is further amended by adding at the end the following new
section:

``SEC. 399T. INFORMATION AND EDUCATION ON SMA.

    ``The Secretary shall establish and implement a program to provide
information and education on spinal muscular atrophy to health
professionals and the general public, including information and
education on advances in the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of
spinal muscular atrophy and training and continuing education through
programs for scientists, physicians, medical students, and other health
professionals who provide care for patients with spinal muscular
atrophy.''.

Output:
SMA Treatment Acceleration Act of 2009 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to establish a national clinical trials network for spinal muscular atrophy by upgrading and unifying spinal muscular atrophy clinical trial sites and recruiting new investigators and sites. Requires the Director to ensure that such network: (1) conducts coordinated, multisite, clinical trials of therapies and clinical approaches to the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy; and (2) rapidly and efficiently disseminates scientific findings to the field.

Requires the Director to: (1) establish a data coordinating center with respect to spinal muscular atrophy; and (2) expand and intensify NIH programs with respect to preclinical translation research related to spinal muscular atrophy.

Requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), to enhance and support a spinal muscular atrophy patient registry to provide for expanded epidemiological research towards improving awareness, management, treatment, and prevention of spinal muscular atrophy. Requires the Secretary to ensure the collection and analysis of longitudinal data related to individuals of all ages.

Directs the Secretary to establish the Interagency Spinal Muscular Atrophy Research Coordinating Committee. Sets forth the duties of the Committee, including to develop a comprehensive strategy related to spinal muscular atrophy research and other related neurological diseases and disorders.

Requires the Secretary to establish a program to provide information and education on spinal muscular atrophy to health professionals and the general public.


Input:
SECTION 1. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this Act is to increase telecommunications ownership
opportunities for small businesses, including small businesses owned or
controlled by socially disadvantaged individuals, through Small
Business Administration participation in a market-oriented
restructuring of the credit aspects of Federal Communications
Commission telecommunications spectrum auctions.

SEC. 2. ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS FINANCE.

    (a) In General.--Section 4(b)(1) of the Small Business Act (15
U.S.C. 633(b)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in the fifth sentence, by striking ``five'' and
        inserting ``six''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new sentence: ``One
        of the Associate Administrators shall be designated at the time
        of appointment as the Associate Administrator for
        Telecommunications Finance and shall have the qualifications
        and responsibilities specified in subsection (g).''.
    (b) Qualifications and Responsibilities.--Section 4 of the Small
Business Act (15 U.S.C. 633) is amended by adding at the end the
following new subsection:
    ``(g) Associate Administrator for Telecommunications Finance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Associate Administrator for
        Telecommunications Finance--
                    ``(A) shall be an employee in the competitive
                service or in the Senior Executive Service and a career
                appointee;
                    ``(B) shall be responsible to the Administrator for
                the supervision and management of financing in the area
                of telecommunications, including the programs and other
                activities under section 38 and section 39;
                    ``(C) shall establish, with respect to
                telecommunications concerns, the detailed definitions
                or standards referred to in section 3(a)(2);
                    ``(D) shall have authority--
                            ``(i) to prescribe maximum amounts for loan
                        guarantees under any program under section 38
                        or 39;
                            ``(ii) to approve all loan guarantees in
                        telecommunications; and
                            ``(iii) to approve all direct loans under
                        section 38(a)(1); and
                    ``(E) in addition to any other duties under this
                Act, shall have authority to approve loan guarantees
                under section 7(a) with respect to Federal
                Communications Commission spectrum licenses acquired in
                the secondary market.
            ``(2) Neutrality in choice of program by applicant for loan
        or loan guarantee.--In the administration of the
        Telecommunications Spectrum Installment Loan Program under
        section 38 and the Telecommunications Accelerated Certified
        Lender Program under section 39, the Associate Administrator
        for Telecommunications Finance shall observe strict neutrality
        as to the choice that a potential applicant may make as to the
        appropriateness of a program for the applicant. The choice of
        one program over the other shall be solely that of the
        applicant and the Associate Administrator shall neither
        encourage nor discourage any applicant in that choice.''.

SEC. 3. SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION FINANCING FOR ENTREPRENEUR
              PARTICIPATION IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS SPECTRUM AUCTIONS
              CONDUCTED BY FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION.

    The Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 631 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 37 as section 40; and
            (2) by inserting after section 36 the following new
        sections:

``SEC. 37. TELECOMMUNICATIONS FINANCE OFFICE.

    ``(a) In General.--There is established, within the Administration,
an office to perform functions relating to the policies and programs of
the Administration with respect to financing in the area of
telecommunications. The office--
            ``(1) shall be known as the `Telecommunications Finance
        Office';
            ``(2) shall be headed by the Associate Administrator for
        Telecommunications Finance under section 4(g);
            ``(3) shall be staffed by employees who are from diverse
        backgrounds and who are highly skilled in the areas of
        telecommunications technology and telecommunications financing;
        and
            ``(4) shall be the principal entity within the
        Administration for implementation of the programs under
        sections 38 and 39.
    ``(b) Funding.--The expenses of the Telecommunications Finance
Office shall be paid from the Telecommunications Loan Guarantee Fund,
established under section 715 of the Communications Act of 1934.

``SEC. 38. TELECOMMUNICATIONS SPECTRUM INSTALLMENT LOAN PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--There is established a program, to be known as
the `Telecommunications Spectrum Installment Loan Program', under which
the Administrator--
            ``(1) shall make direct loans to qualified
        telecommunications borrowers for acquisition of spectrum
        licenses through Federal Communications Commission auction; and
            ``(2) shall guarantee loans to qualified telecommunications
        borrowers for telecommunications equipment and working capital
        in connection with any acquisition referred to in paragraph
        (1).
    ``(b) Direct Loan Conditions.--
            ``(1) Limitation on disbursement.--The Administrator may
        not disburse any loan amount under subsection (a)(1) if the
        cost of the license involved exceeds the approved loan amount
        plus, as determined by the Administrator, cash available to the
        applicant for the purpose of paying the difference between the
        approved loan amount and the cost of the license.
            ``(2) Interest at market rate.--The rate of interest on a
        loan shall be the prime interest rate or such other competitive
        market rate as the Administrator determines to be appropriate.
            ``(3) Interest-only period.--The Administrator, in
        accordance with criteria established by regulation, may
        provide, on a case-by-case basis, for an initial period during
        which a borrower under subsection (a)(1) shall pay interest
        only. In the case of such a determination, loan principal shall
        be amortized over the remainder of the loan term. The maximum
        interest-only period under this paragraph is 6 years.
            ``(4) Maximum loan term.--The term of any loan under
        subsection (a)(1) may not exceed the term of the spectrum
        license involved.
    ``(c) Loan Guarantee Condition.--The Administrator may make loan
guarantees under subsection (a)(2) to a borrower under subsection
(a)(1) only for telecommunications equipment and working capital
necessary to carry out the terms of the license to be financed.
    ``(d) Security Interest and Forced Sale Conditions for Direct Loans
and Loan Guarantees.--The Administrator shall require, as a condition
of any direct loan under subsection (a)(1) and any loan guarantee under
subsection (a)(2), that--
            ``(1) any disbursement of a loan amount be fully protected
        by a secured interest in the proceeds of a sale or other
        assignment of the license involved; and
            ``(2) the loan agreement contain specific measures by
        which, in the case of a default by the borrower, the lender may
        require the borrower to sell or otherwise assign the license.
    ``(e) General Applicability; Waiver Exception.--Loans and loan
guarantees under this section shall be subject to all otherwise
applicable provisions of this Act, except that the Administrator may
waive any limitation on the amount of an individual loan or loan
guarantee or on the total amount of loans or loan guarantees to a
single borrower.
    ``(f) Treasury Account.--The Administrator shall notify the
Secretary of the Treasury of each loan transaction entered into under
subsection (a)(1). Upon receipt of notice under the preceding sentence,
the Secretary shall establish an account in the Treasury for the loan.
    ``(g) Definitions.--As used in this section--
            ``(1) the term `qualified telecommunications borrower'
        means a small business concern that, as determined by the
        Administrator, has, in addition to the other requirements of
        this Act, a level of specialized telecommunications expertise
        (including technical knowledge, business skill, and management
        experience) that is appropriate for the purpose for which the
        loan or guarantee involved is made; and
            ``(2) the term `Administrator' means the Administrator,
        acting through the Associate Administrator for
        Telecommunications Finance.
    ``(h) Collection of Data.--The Administrator shall collect data
with respect to the operation of the program under this section. The
data so collected--
            ``(1) shall be accumulated on a calendar year basis;
            ``(2) shall be maintained in an electronic database;
            ``(3) shall include information on the ethnicity, race, and
        sex of all applicants, whether the applications involved are
        approved, denied, withdrawn, or otherwise disposed of; and
            ``(4) shall include other information that, as determined
        by the Administrator, is relevant to the disposition of
        applications.
    ``(i) Report.--Not later than December 31 of each year, the
Administrator shall submit to the Congress a report, with respect to
the preceding calendar year, of the status of the program under this
section. The report shall include--
            ``(1) a statistical analysis (without personal identifying
        information) of the diversity characteristics of applicants and
        borrowers under the program; and
            ``(2) a probability analysis with respect to the diversity
        of applicants who receive loans under the program.

``SEC. 39. TELECOMMUNICATIONS ACCELERATED CERTIFIED LENDER PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--There is established a program, to be known as
the `Telecommunications Accelerated Certified Lender Program', under
which the Administrator--
            ``(1) shall guarantee loans made to qualified
        telecommunications borrowers--
                    ``(A) for acquisition of spectrum licenses through
                Federal Communications Commission auction; and
                    ``(B) for acquisition of spectrum licenses in the
                secondary market for licenses originally acquired
                through Federal Communications Commission auction; and
            ``(2) shall guarantee loans made to qualified
        telecommunications borrowers for telecommunications equipment
        and working capital in connection with any acquisition referred
        to in paragraph (1).
    ``(b) Funding.--The expenses of loan guarantees under subsection
(a) shall be paid from the Telecommunications Loan Guarantee Fund,
established under section 715 of the Communications Act of 1934.
    ``(c) Approved Lenders.--Loans guaranteed under this section shall
be made by lenders that are insured depositary institutions and are
approved by the Administrator. In evaluating an institution for
approval, the Administrator shall take into consideration the financial
stability of the institution, the experience and expertise of the
institution in lending to telecommunications borrowers, and the need
for diversity in the management and ownership of approved institutions.
    ``(d) Loan Guarantee Conditions.--
            ``(1) Limitation on disbursement.--The Administrator shall
        require, as a condition of any loan guarantee under subsection
        (a)(1), that the lender may not disburse any loan amount if the
        cost of the license involved exceeds the approved loan amount
        plus, as determined by the Administrator, cash available to the
        applicant for the purpose of paying the difference between the
        approved loan amount and the cost of the license.
            ``(2) Security interest and forced sale requirements.--The
        Administrator shall require, as a condition of any loan
        guarantee under subsection (a), that--
                    ``(A) any disbursement of a loan amount be fully
                protected by a secured interest in the proceeds of a
                sale or other assignment of the license involved; and
                    ``(B) the loan agreement contain specific measures
                by which, in the case of a default by the borrower, the
                lender may require the borrower to sell or otherwise
                assign the license.
    ``(e) General Applicability; Waiver Exception.--Loan guarantees
under this section shall be subject to all otherwise applicable
provisions of this Act, except that the Administrator may waive any
limitation on the amount of an individual loan guarantee or on the
total amount of loan guarantees to a single borrower.
    ``(f) Definitions.--As used in this section--
            ``(1) the term `qualified telecommunications borrower'
        means a small business concern that, as determined by the
        Administrator, has, in addition to the other requirements of
        this Act, a level of specialized telecommunications expertise
        (including technical knowledge, business skill, and management
        experience) that is appropriate for the purpose for which the
        loan or guarantee involved is made; and
            ``(2) the term `Administrator' means the Administrator,
        acting through the Associate Administrator for
        Telecommunications Finance.
    ``(g) Collection of Data.--The Administrator shall collect data
with respect to the operation of the program under this section. The
data so collected--
            ``(1) shall be accumulated on a calendar year basis;
            ``(2) shall be maintained in an electronic database;
            ``(3) shall include information on the ethnicity, race, and
        sex of all applicants, whether the applications involved are
        approved, denied, withdrawn, or otherwise disposed of; and
            ``(4) shall include other information that, as determined
        by the Administrator, is relevant to the disposition of
        applications.
    ``(h) Report.--Not later than December 31 of each year, the
Administrator shall submit to the Congress a report, with respect to
the preceding calendar year, of the status of the program under this
section. The report shall include--
            ``(1) a statistical analysis (without personal identifying
        information) of the diversity characteristics of applicants and
        borrowers under the program; and
            ``(2) a probability analysis with respect to the diversity
        of applicants who receive loans under the program.''.

SEC. 4. TELECOMMUNICATIONS LOAN GUARANTEE FUND.

    (a) In General.--Title VII of the Communications Act of 1934 is
amended by inserting after section 714 (42 U.S.C. 614) the following
new section:

``SEC. 715. TELECOMMUNICATIONS LOAN GUARANTEE FUND.

    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is hereby established the
        Telecommunications Loan Guarantee Fund (hereafter in this
        section referred to as the `Fund') in the Department of the
        Treasury under the control of the Secretary of the Treasury
        (hereafter in this section referred to as the `Secretary').
            ``(2) Initial capitalization of fund.--The first
        $10,000,000,000 of proceeds received from the auction of
        spectrum licenses by the Federal Communications Commission
        after the date of the enactment of this section shall be
        deposited in the Fund and shall constitute the capitalization
        of the Fund.
    ``(b) Maintenance of Fund.--
            ``(1) In general.--Amounts in the Fund shall be deposited
        by the Secretary in depositaries designated by the Secretary
        which have also been designated by the Telecommunications
        Finance Office of the Small Business Administration as
        certified telecommunications lenders.
            ``(2) Interest.--Interest paid by depositaries on amounts
        deposited in accordance with paragraph (1) shall be deposited
        in the Fund and be available for the purposes of the Fund.
    ``(c) Purpose of Fund.--Amounts in the Fund shall be available to
meet any obligation of the Small Business Administration arising under
a loan guarantee issued by the Telecommunications Finance Office of the
Small Business Administration in connection with a loan under section
38(a)(2) or section 39(a) of the Small Business Act.''.

SEC. 5. PARTICIPATION IN SPECTRUM AUCTIONS.

    Section 309(j)(5) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C.
309(j)(5)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``No person'' and inserting the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--No person''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Qualified telecommunications borrowers.--With
                respect to any person that meets the qualification
                requirements of this paragraph and that is a qualified
                telecommunications borrower under section 38 or 39 of
                the Small Business Act, the Commission shall accept, in
                lieu of any upfront payment or earnest money deposit
                required by Commission regulation, a letter of credit
                provided to such borrower under such section that
                equals or exceeds the amount of such required payment
                or deposit. In any competitive bidding conducted under
                this subsection in which the Commission identifies any
                such qualified telecommunications borrower as the high
                bidder at the time of declaring that the bidding has
                closed, the Commission shall notify the Administrator
                of the Small Business Administration of the identity of
                such bidder, the amount of the high bid, and the total
                amount required to be deposited with the Commission to
                qualify for the award of the license under Commission
                regulations. In the case of a qualified
                telecommunications borrower under section 38, the
                amount of such deposit may be satisfied by debiting the
                loan account of the borrower at the Treasury.''.

Output:
Amends the Small Business Act to establish within the Small Business Administration (SBA) an Associate Administrator for Telecommunications Finance (Associate Administrator) to supervise and manage SBA financing in the area of telecommunications. Authorizes the Associate Administrator to approve SBA loan guarantees with respect to Federal Communications Commission (FCC) spectrum licenses (for radio and television broadcasting) acquired in the secondary market. Establishes a Telecommunications Finance Office.

Establishes the Telecommunications Spectrum Installment Loan Program to: (1) make direct loans to qualified telecommunications borrowers (borrowers) for the acquisition of spectrum licenses through FCC auction; and (2) guarantee loans to borrowers for telecommunications equipment and working capital in connection with spectrum license acquisitions.

Establishes the Telecommunications Accelerated Certified Lender Program for the guarantee by certified lenders of loans made to borrowers for: (1) the acquisition of spectrum licenses through either FCC auction or the secondary market; and (2) telecommunications equipment and working capital in connection with spectrum license acquisitions. Requires certified lenders to be insured depository institutions approved by the SBA.

Amends the Communications Act of 1934 to: (1) establish the Telecommunications Loan Guarantee Fund for financing loans authorized under this Act; and (2) require the FCC, with respect to FCC spectrum auctions, to accept from a borrower a letter of credit in lieu of any upfront payment or other earnest money required by FCC regulation.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Nuclear and Terrorism Threat
Reduction Act of 2002''.

SEC. 2. ENHANCING THREAT REDUCTION.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--
            (1) It is the policy of the United States to work
        cooperatively with the Russian Federation in order to prevent
        the diversion of weapons of mass destruction and materials
        relating thereto, including nuclear, biological, and chemical
        weapons, as well as the scientific and technical expertise
        necessary to design and build weapons of mass destruction.
            (2) With respect to enhancing threat reduction, there
        should be three primary objectives, as stated in the
        President's review of 30 different United States-Russia
        cooperative programs, as follows:
                    (A) To ensure that existing United States
                cooperative non-proliferation programs with the Russian
                Federation are focused on priority threat reduction and
                non-proliferation goals, and are conducted as
                efficiently and effectively as possible.
                    (B) To examine what new initiatives might be
                undertaken to further United States threat reduction
                and non-proliferation goals.
                    (C) To consider organizational and procedural
                changes designed to ensure a consistent and coordinated
                United States Government approach to cooperative
                programs with the Russian Federation on the reduction
                of weapons of mass destruction and prevention of their
                proliferation.
            (3) The goal of United States programs to assist the
        Russian Federation should be to have them work well, be focused
        on priority tasks, and be well managed.
            (4) In order to further cooperative efforts, the following
        key programs should be expanded:
                    (A) The Department of Energy Material Protection,
                Control and Accounting (MPC&A) program to assist the
                Russian Federation secure and consolidate weapons-grade
                nuclear material.
                    (B) The Department of Energy Warhead and Fissile
                Material Transparency Program.
                    (C) The International Science and Technology Center
                (ISTC).
                    (D) The Redirection of Biotechnical Scientists
                program.
                    (E) The Department of Defense Cooperative Threat
                Reduction project to construct a chemical weapons
                destruction facility at Shchuch'ye, Russia, to enable
                its earliest completion at no increased expense.
            (5) Other programs should be adjusted, refocused, or
        reexamined, including--
                    (A) approaches to the current plutonium disposition
                program in the Russian Federation, in order to make the
                program less costly and more effective;
                    (B) the project to end production by the Russian
                Federation of weapons-grade plutonium, in order to
                transfer the project from the Department of Defense to
                the Department of Energy;
                    (C) consolidation of the Department of Energy's
                Nuclear Cities Initiative (NCI) with the Initiative for
                Proliferation Prevention (IPP), with a focus on
                projects to assist the Russian Federation in reduction
                of its nuclear warheads complex; and
                    (D) acceleration of the Department of Energy's
                Second Line of Defense program to assist the Russian
                Federation install nuclear detection equipment at
                border posts.
    (b) Increased Funding of Certain Key Programs.--In order to
guarantee that the United States-Russia non-proliferation and threat
reduction efforts operate as efficiently as possible, certain key
programs should receive additional funding above current levels,
including--
            (1) the United States-Russia Highly Enriched Uranium
        Purchase Agreement;
            (2) the Second Line of Defense program;
            (3) the Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention;
            (4) the Fissile Materials Disposition program;
            (5) the Redirection of Biotechnical Scientists program;
            (6) the Department of Energy Material Protection, Control,
        and Accounting (MPC&A) program;
            (7) the International Science and Technology Center; and
            (8) the Warhead and Fissile Material Transparency program.
    (c) Report.--Not later than six months after the date of enactment
of this Act, the President shall submit to Congress a report containing
recommendations on how to enhance the implementation of United States-
Russia non-proliferation and threat reduction programs, which shall
include--
            (1) recommendations on how to improve and streamline the
        contracting and procurement practices of those programs; and
            (2) a listing of impediments to the efficient and effective
        implementation of those programs.

SEC. 3. COMPREHENSIVE INVENTORIES AND DATA EXCHANGES BETWEEN THE UNITED
              STATES AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON WEAPONS-GRADE
              MATERIAL AND NUCLEAR WEAPONS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds that inventories of weapons-grade
material and warheads should be tracked in order, among other things--
            (1) to make it more likely that the Russian Federation can
        fully account for its entire inventory of weapons-grade
        material and assembled weapons; and
            (2) to make it more likely that the sources of any material
        or weapons possessed or used by any foreign state or terrorist
        organization can be identified.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to
establish jointly with the Russian Federation comprehensive inventories
and data exchanges of Russian and United States weapons-grade material
and assembled warheads, with particular attention to tactical, or
``nonstrategic'' warheads, one of the most likely weapons a terrorist
organization or terrorist state would attempt to acquire, and with
particular attention focused on weapons that have been removed from
deployment.
    (c) Assistance in Developing Comprehensive Inventories.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the United States
Government shall work with the Russian Federation to develop
comprehensive inventories of Russian weapons-grade plutonium and highly
enriched uranium programs and assembled warheads, with special
attention to be focused on tactical warheads and warheads that have
been removed from deployment.
    (d) Data Exchanges.--As part of this process, to the maximum extent
practicable, without jeopardizing United States national security
interests, the United States is authorized to enter into ongoing data
exchanges with the Russian Federation on categories of material and
weapons described in subsection (c).
    (e) Report.--Not later than six months after the date of enactment
of this Act, and annually thereafter until a comprehensive inventory is
created and the information collected from the inventory exchanged
between the governments of the United States and the Russian
Federation, the President shall submit to Congress a report, in both an
unclassified and classified form as necessary, describing the progress
that has been made toward that objective.

SEC. 4. COMMISSION TO ASSESS THE TRANSITION FROM MUTUALLY ASSURED
              DESTRUCTION (MAD) TO MUTUALLY ASSURED SECURITY (MAS).

    (a) Statement of Policy.--With the end of the Cold War more than a
decade ago, with the United States and the Russian Federation fighting
together against global terrorism, and with the Presidents of the
United States and the Russian Federation agreeing to establish ``a new
strategic framework to ensure the mutual security of the United States
and Russia, and the world community'', the United States and the
Russian Federation should increase significantly their efforts to put
dangerous and unnecessary elements of the Cold War to rest.
    (b) Establishment.--In order to assist with the policy expressed in
subsection (a), the President is authorized to conclude an agreement
with the Russian Federation for the establishment of a Joint United
States-Russia Commission to Assess the Transition from Mutual Assured
Destruction (MAD) to Mutual Assured Security (MAS) (in this section
referred to as the ``Commission'').
    (c) Composition.--The United States delegation of the Commission
shall consist of 13 members appointed by the President, as follows:
            (1) Three members, after consultation with the Speaker of
        the House of Representatives.
            (2) Three members, after consultation with the Majority
        Leader of the Senate.
            (3) Two members, after consultation with the Minority
        Leader of the House of Representatives.
            (4) Two members, after consultation with the Minority
        Leader of the Senate.
            (5) Two members as the President may determine.
    (d) Qualifications.--The United States members of the Commission
shall be appointed from among private United States citizens with
knowledge and expertise in United States-Russia strategic stability
issues.
    (e) Chair.--The chair of the Commission should be chosen by
consensus from among the members of the Commission.
    (f) Russian Commission.--The President should make every effort to
encourage the Government of the Russian Federation to appoint a Russian
Federation delegation of the Commission that would jointly meet and
discuss the issues described in subsection (g).
    (g) Duties of the Commission.--The duties of the Commission should
include consideration of how--
            (1) to ensure that the reduction of strategic nuclear
        weapons announced by the United States and the Russian
        Federation in November 2001 take effect in a rapid, safe,
        verifiable and irreversible manner;
            (2) to preserve and enhance START I monitoring and
        verification mechanisms;
            (3) to develop additional monitoring and verification
        mechanisms;
            (4) to preserve the benefits of the unratified START II
        agreement, especially those measures that affect strategic
        stability;
            (5) to ensure the safety of warheads removed from
        deployment;
            (6) to safely and verifiably dismantle warheads in excess
        of the ceiling established by the President Bush at the
        November 2001 United States-Russia summit;
            (7) to begin a new high-level dialogue to discuss United
        States and Russian Federation proposals for a global and
        theater level missile defense systems;
            (8) to extend presidential decision-making time as it
        relates to nuclear weapons operations;
            (9) to improve Russian-American cooperative efforts to
        enhance strategic early warning, including but not limited to
        the Joint Data Exchange Center and the Russian-American
        Observation Satellite; and
            (10) to increase cooperation between the United States and
        the Russian Federation on the programs and activities described
        in sections 2 and 3.
    (e) Cooperation.--In carrying out its duties, the Commission should
receive the full and timely cooperation of United States Government
officials, including providing the Commission with analyses, briefings,
and other information necessary for the fulfillment of its
responsibilities.
    (f) Report.--The Commission shall, not later than six months after
the date of its first meeting, submit to Congress an interim report on
its findings and, not later than six months after submission of the
interim report, submit to Congress a final report containing its
conclusions.

Output: Nuclear and Terrorism Threat Reduction Act of 2002 - States the policy of the United States to work cooperatively with the Russian Federation in order to prevent the diversion of weapons of mass destruction and related materials, including nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons, as well as scientific and technical expertise necessary to design and build weapons of mass destruction.Requires the U.S. Government to work with the Russian Federation to develop comprehensive inventories of Russian weapons-grade material and warheads.Authorizes the President to conclude an agreement with the Russian Federation for the establishment of a joint United States-Russia Commission to Assess the Transition from Mutual Assured Destruction to Mutual Assured Security.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Reducing Gun Violence in our
Neighborhoods Act of 2015''.

SEC. 2. TAX ON FIREARMS.

    (a) In General.--Section 4181 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``There is hereby'' and inserting the
        following:
    ``(a) In General.--There is hereby'', and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
    ``(b) Additional Tax on Firearms.--In addition to the tax imposed
by subsection (a), there is hereby imposed upon the sale by the
manufacturer, producer, or importer of any firearm a tax in the amount
of $100.''.
    (b) Exemption for Firearms Acquired for Law Enforcement.--Section
4182 of such Code is amended by redesignating subsection (d) as
subsection (e) and by inserting after subsection (c) the following new
subsection:
    ``(d) Exemption From Additional Tax for Firearms Acquired for Law
Enforcement.--The tax imposed by section 4181(b) shall not apply to any
firearm which is purchased by the United States or by a State or local
government for police or other law enforcement purposes.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to sales in calendar months beginning after the date of the
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF GUN VIOLENCE REDUCTION AND MENTAL HEALTH
              COUNSELING TRUST FUND.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter A of chapter 98 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 9512. GUN VIOLENCE REDUCTION AND MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING TRUST
              FUND.

    ``(a) Creation of Trust Fund.--There is established in the Treasury
of the United States a trust fund to be known as the `Gun Violence
Reduction and Mental Health Counseling Trust Fund', consisting of such
amounts as may be appropriated or credited to such fund as provided in
this section or section 9602(b).
    ``(b) Transfers to Trust Fund.--There are hereby appropriated to
the Gun Violence Reduction and Mental Health Counseling Trust Fund
amounts equivalent to taxes received in the Treasury under section
4181(b).
    ``(c) Expenditures.--Amounts in the Gun Violence Reduction and
Mental Health Counseling Trust Fund shall be available, without need of
further appropriation and without regard to any fiscal year limitation,
as follows:
            ``(1) 50 percent of such amounts for making expenditures to
        carry out, with respect to block grants for community mental
        health services, subparts I and III of part B of title XIX of
        the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300x et seq.), and
            ``(2) 50 percent of such amounts for making expenditures to
        carry out subpart 1 of part E of the Omnibus Crime Control and
        Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.).
Amounts made available under this subsection shall supplement and not
supplant amounts otherwise made available to carry out the provisions
referred to this subsection.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subchapter A of
chapter 98 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following
new item:

``Sec. 9512. Gun Violence Reduction and Mental Health Counseling Trust
                            Fund.''.

SEC. 4. PASSIVE CAPABILITY TO IDENTIFY LOST AND STOLEN FIREARMS.

    (a) Establishment of National Standard.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General shall, in
        consultation with the National Institute for Standards and
        Technology, establish in regulations a national standard for
        the incorporation of a passive identification capability into
        all firearms sold in the United States.
            (2) Passive identification capability defined.--In this
        section, the term ``passive identification capability'' means a
        technology that--
                    (A) enables a firearm to be identified by a mobile
                or fixed reading device; and
                    (B) does not emit or broadcast an electronic signal
                or other information that would enable the firearm or
                its owner to be monitored or tracked.
            (3) Considerations.--In developing the standard, the
        Attorney General shall give equal priority to the following:
                    (A) The right of firearm owners to maintain their
                full right to privacy under the 4th Amendment and their
                right to legally own firearms under the 2nd Amendment.
                    (B) The ability of law enforcement authorities to
                use the capability to track lost and stolen guns.
                    (C) The ability of manufacturers to incorporate the
                capability using existing firearm manufacturing
                processes.
                    (D) The resistance to tampering and destruction of
                the technology used to incorporate the capability.
    (b) Prohibition; Penalty.--
            (1) Prohibition.--It shall be unlawful for a person, in or
        affecting interstate or foreign commerce, to manufacture a
        firearm that does not have a passive identification capability
        that meets the national standard established under subsection
        (a).
            (2) Civil penalty.--After notice and opportunity for
        hearing, the Attorney General shall impose on a person who
        violates paragraph (1) a civil money penalty in such amount,
        not exceeding $1,000 per firearm, as the Attorney General shall
        prescribe in regulations.
            (3) Effective date.--This subsection shall take effect on
        such date as the Attorney General shall prescribe in
        regulations that is not later than 3 years after the
        establishment of the national standard under subsection (a).

SEC. 5. REPORTING OF LOST AND STOLEN FIREARMS.

    (a) In General.--Within 1 year after the date of the enactment of
this Act, the Director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and
Explosives shall establish a database of firearms reported to be lost
or stolen in the United States, which shall be known as the ``National
Database of Lost and Stolen Firearms''.
    (b) Contents.--The database shall include the following information
with respect to each firearm reported to the database:
            (1) A description of the firearm, including the type of the
        firearm.
            (2) Whether the firearm is reported lost or stolen.
            (3) The date of the report.
            (4) The name of the owner of the firearm, if known.
            (5) The name and location of the person from whom the
        firearm was obtained, if known.
            (6) The location where the firearm is reported to have been
        lost or stolen.
            (7) Whether the firearm has been reported to the database
        as having been recovered, since being reported to the database
        as lost or stolen.
    (c) Availability of Database.--The information in the database
shall be made available to all Federal, State, and local law
enforcement authorities.
    (d) Reporting of Lost or Stolen Firearms to Local Law Enforcement
Authorities.--
            (1) Reporting requirement.--Section 922 of title 18, United
        States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(aa) Within 48 hours after a person who owns a firearm that has
been shipped or transported in interstate or foreign commerce discovers
the theft or loss of the firearm, the person shall report the theft or
loss to local law enforcement authorities.''.
            (2) Penalty.--Section 924 of such title is amended by
        adding at the end the following:
    ``(q) Penalty for Failure To Report Loss or Theft of Firearm.--
Whoever violates section 922(aa) shall be fined $10,000 with respect to
each firearm involved in the violation.''.
    (e) Requirement That Local Law Enforcement Authorities Report Lost
or Stolen Firearms to the National Registry.--Within 7 days after a
local law enforcement authority receives a report that a firearm is
lost or stolen, the authority shall transmit the report to the National
Database of Lost and Stolen Firearms.

Output: Reducing Gun Violence in our Neighborhoods Act of 2015 This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to impose an additional tax of $100 on the sale of a firearm by a manufacturer, producer, or importer. Firearm purchases by federal, state, and local governments for law enforcement purposes are exempt from the additional tax. The bill establishes the Gun Violence Reduction and Mental Health Counseling Trust Fund at the Department of the Treasury. It transfers revenues from the additional tax into the trust fund to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program and the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant program. The Department of Justice (DOJ) must establish and newly manufactured firearms must meet a national standard for incorporating passive identification capability into all firearms sold in the United States. Passive identification capability means technology that: (1) enables identification by a mobile or fixed reading device, and (2) does not transmit an electronic monitoring or tracking signal.  DOJ's Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives must establish the National Database of Lost and Stolen Firearms. This bill amends the federal criminal code to require a gun owner to report a lost or stolen firearm to local law enforcement authorities within 48 hours of discovery. Local law enforcement authorities must transmit the report to the national database within seven days.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Mapping a New and Innovative Focus
on Our Exploration Strategy for Human Spaceflight Act of 2016'' or the
``MANIFEST for Human Spaceflight Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. REAFFIRMATION OF POLICY AND FINDINGS.

    (a) Reaffirmation of Policy.--Congress reaffirms that the long-term
goal of the human space flight and exploration efforts of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration shall be to expand permanent human
presence beyond low-Earth orbit and to do so, where practical, in a
manner involving international partners, as stated in section 202(a) of
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of
2010 (42 U.S.C. 18312(a)).
    (b) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) In accordance with section 204 of the National
        Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010
        (Public Law 111-267; 124 Stat. 2813), the National Academy of
        Sciences, through its Committee on Human Spaceflight, conducted
        a review of the goals, core capabilities, and direction of
        human space flight, and published the findings and
        recommendations in a 2014 report entitled ``Pathways to
        Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of
        Human Space Exploration''.
            (2) The Committee on Human Spaceflight included leaders
        from the aerospace, scientific, security, and policy
        communities. With input from the public, the Committee on Human
        Spaceflight concluded that many practical and aspirational
        rationales together constitute a compelling case for human
        space exploration. These rationales include economic benefits,
        national security, national prestige, inspiring students and
        other citizens, scientific discovery, human survival, and a
        sense of shared destiny.
            (3) The Committee on Human Spaceflight affirmed that Mars
        is the appropriate long-term goal for the human space flight
        program.
            (4) The Committee on Human Spaceflight recommended that the
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration define a series
        of sustainable steps and conduct mission planning and
        technology development as needed to achieve the long-term goal
        of placing humans on the surface of Mars.

SEC. 3. HUMAN EXPLORATION STRATEGY.

    (a) Human Exploration of Mars.--Section 202(b) of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42
U.S.C. 18312(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) to achieve human exploration of Mars, including the
        establishment of a capability to extend human presence to the
        surface of Mars.''.
    (b) Exploration Strategy.--
            (1) In general.--In accordance with this subsection, the
        Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
        Administration shall submit an interim report and final report
        setting forth a strategy to achieve the objective in paragraph
        (5) of section 202(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space
        Administration Authorization Act of 2010, as amended by
        subsection (a) of this section, through a series of successive,
        sustainable, free-standing, but complementary missions making
        robust utilization of cis-lunar space and employing the Space
        Launch System, Orion crew capsule, and other capabilities
        provided under titles III, IV, V, and IX of that Act (42 U.S.C.
        18301 et seq.).
            (2) Strategy requirements.--In developing the strategy
        under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall include--
                    (A) the utility of an expanded human presence in
                cis-lunar space toward enabling missions to various
                lunar orbits, the lunar surface, asteroids, Mars, the
                moons of Mars, and other destinations of interest for
                future human exploration and development;
                    (B) the utility of an expanded human presence in
                cis-lunar space for economic, scientific, and
                technological advances;
                    (C) the opportunities for collaboration with--
                            (i) international partners;
                            (ii) private industry; and
                            (iii) other Federal agencies, including
                        missions relevant to national security or
                        scientific needs;
                    (D) the opportunities specifically afforded by the
                International Space Station (ISS) to support high
                priority scientific research and technological
                developments useful in expanding and sustaining a human
                presence in cis-lunar space and beyond;
                    (E) a range of exploration mission architectures
                and approaches for the missions identified under
                paragraph (1), including capabilities for the Orion
                crew capsule and the Space Launch System;
                    (F) a comparison of architectures and approaches
                based on--
                            (i) assessed value of factors including
                        cost effectiveness, schedule resiliency,
                        safety, sustainability, and opportunities for
                        international collaboration;
                            (ii) the extent to which certain
                        architectures and approaches may enable new
                        markets and opportunities for United States
                        private industry, provide compelling
                        opportunities for scientific discovery and
                        technological excellence, sustain United States
                        competitiveness and leadership, and address
                        critical national security considerations and
                        requirements; and
                            (iii) the flexibility of such architectures
                        and approaches to adjust to evolving
                        technologies, partners, priorities, and budget
                        projections and constraints;
                    (G) measures for setting standards for ensuring
                crew health and safety, including limits regarding
                radiation exposure and countermeasures necessary to
                meet those limits, means and methods for addressing
                urgent medical conditions or injuries, and other such
                safety, health, and medical issues that can be
                anticipated in the conduct of the missions identified
                under paragraph (1);
                    (H) a description of crew training needs and
                capabilities (including space suits and life support
                systems) necessary to support the conduct of missions
                identified under paragraph (1);
                    (I) a detailed plan for prioritizing and phasing
                near-term intermediate destinations and missions
                identified under paragraph (1);
                    (J) an assessment of the recommendations of the
                report prepared in compliance with section 204 of the
                National Aeronautics and Space Administration
                Authorization Act of 2010 (Public Law 111-267; 124
                Stat. 2813), including a detailed explanation of how
                the Administrator has ensured such recommendations have
                been, to the extent practicable, incorporated into the
                strategy under paragraph (1); and
                    (K) technical information as needed to identify
                interest from potential stakeholder or partner
                communities.
            (3) Independent review.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall enter into
                an arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences to
                review and comment on each interim report pursuant to
                paragraph (1). Under the arrangement, the National
                Academy of Sciences shall review each interim report on
                the strategy described in paragraph (1) and identify
                the following:
                            (i) Matters in such interim report agreed
                        upon by the National Academy of Sciences.
                            (ii) Matters in such interim report raising
                        concerns for the National Academy of Sciences.
                            (iii) Such further recommendations with
                        respect to matters covered by such interim
                        report as the National Academy of Sciences
                        considers appropriate.
                    (B) Timing of review and comment.--The
                Administrator shall ensure that the review and comment
                on an interim report provided for pursuant to
                subparagraph (A) is conducted in a timely manner to
                comply with the requirements of this subsection and, to
                the maximum extent practicable, to facilitate the
                incorporation of the comments of the National Academy
                of Sciences pursuant to subparagraph (A) into the
                applicable final report required by this subsection.
            (4) Deadlines.--
                    (A) Interim reports.--Not later than 90 days after
                the date of the enactment of this Act, and not less
                than every five years thereafter, the Administrator
                shall submit to the National Academy of Sciences an
                interim report on the strategy required by paragraph
                (1) in order to facilitate the independent review and
                comment on the strategy as provided for by paragraph
                (3).
                    (B) Final reports.--Not later than one year after
                the date of the enactment of this Act, and not less
                than every five years thereafter, the Administrator
                shall submit to Congress a final report on the strategy
                required by paragraph (1), which shall include and
                incorporate the response of the National Academy of
                Sciences to the most recent interim report pursuant to
                paragraph (3).

Output: Mapping a New and Innovative Focus on Our Exploration Strategy for Human Spaceflight Act of 2016 or the MANIFEST for Human Spaceflight Act of 2016 This bill amends the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 to make it a key U.S. objective to achieve human exploration of Mars, including the establishment of a capability to extend human presence to the surface of Mars.  The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) shall report a strategy to achieve such objective through a series of successive, sustainable, free-standing, but complementary missions making robust use of cislunar space and employing the Space Launch System, Orion crew capsule, and other capabilities provided under specified titles of the Act.  NASA shall arrange with the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to review and comment on each interim report on the strategy and identify matters the NAS agrees with and matters raising NAS concerns, as well as any NAS recommendations.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Pathways to Prosperity Act of
2014''.

SEC. 2. REFERENCES.

    Except as otherwise expressly provided, wherever in this Act an
amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or repeal
of, a section or other provision, the reference shall be considered to
be made to a section or other provision of the Carl D. Perkins Career
and Technical Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2301 et seq.).

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 3 (20 U.S.C. 2302) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (6) through (9), (10)
        through (17), (18), (19), and (20) through (34) as paragraphs
        (7) through (10), (12) through (19), (21), (22), and (24)
        through (38), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) Career and technical education program of study.--The
        term `career and technical education program of study' means a
        coordinated, non-duplicative sequence of secondary and
        postsecondary academic and technical courses that--
                    ``(A) contain rigorous, State-identified college
                and career readiness standards that address both
                academic and technical content and align to local,
                regional, or State labor market needs, as identified by
                employers and labor market information;
                    ``(B) support attainment of career readiness
                skills;
                    ``(C) progress in content specificity (beginning
                with all aspects of an industry or career cluster
                leading to more occupationally specific instruction);
                    ``(D) incorporate multiple entry and exit points
                with portable demonstrations of technical competency,
                which may include postsecondary education credits as
                recognized by credit transfer or articulation
                agreements or industry-recognized credentials; and
                    ``(E) culminate in the attainment of an industry-
                recognized credential, an apprenticeship or
                postsecondary certificate, or an associate or
                baccalaureate degree.'';
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (10), as redesignated by
        paragraph (1) of this section, the following:
            ``(11) Credit transfer agreement.--The term `credit
        transfer agreement' refers to an opportunity for secondary
        students to be awarded transcripted postsecondary credit,
        supported with formal agreements among secondary and
        postsecondary education systems, such as dual enrollment, dual
        credit, 2-year to 4-year college articulation agreements, or
        articulated credit, which may include credit awarded for
        performance on technical assessments.'';
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (19), as redesignated by
        paragraph (1) of this section, the following:
            ``(20) Industry-recognized credential.--The term `industry-
        recognized credential' means a credential that--
                    ``(A) is sought or accepted by employers within the
                industry or sector involved as a recognized, preferred,
                or required credential for recruitment, screening,
                hiring, retention or advancement purposes; and
                    ``(B) if appropriate, is endorsed by a nationally
                recognized trade association or organization
                representing a significant part of the industry or
                sector.''; and
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (22), as redesignated by
        paragraph (1) of this section, the following:
            ``(23) Labor market information.--The term `labor market
        information' means economic, social, and demographic
        information that--
                    ``(A) pertains to labor markets for the purposes of
                determining the supply of, and demand for, labor and
                related skills and competencies; and
                    ``(B) supports students, job seekers, employers,
                developers of curricula, and other relevant
                stakeholders in understanding labor market and economic
                trends to help make informed labor market decisions.''.

SEC. 4. ACCOUNTABILITY.

    Section 113(b)(2) of the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical
Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2323(b)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking clause (vi); and
            (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking clause (v) and
        inserting the following:
                            ``(v) the median earnings of students who
                        are employed during the second quarter after
                        completing a career and technical education
                        program of study in the State. The Secretary
                        shall, consistent with State law, ensure that
                        the necessary wage records are available to
                        enable eligible agencies to collect data
                        relating to this State performance measure.''.

SEC. 5. NATIONAL ACTIVITIES.

    Section 114(d)(4)(A) (20 U.S.C. 2324) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (v);
            (2) in clause (iii), by striking ``and'' after the
        semicolon; and
            (3) by inserting after clause (iii) the following:
                            ``(iv) to engage in evaluation and
                        technical assistance activities that will
                        assist in--
                                    ``(I) collecting information on the
                                industry-recognized credentials awarded
                                to participants in career and technical
                                education programs of study,
                                including--
                                            ``(aa) the name of such
                                        industry-recognized
                                        credentials;
                                            ``(bb) the awarding body;
                                            ``(cc) the duration of the
                                        program of study for the
                                        credential; and
                                            ``(dd) the number of such
                                        participants receiving the
                                        credential; and
                                    ``(II) developing the necessary
                                infrastructure to support the State and
                                local reporting of information
                                described in subclause (I), including
                                through activities such as
                                establishing--
                                            ``(aa) data sharing
                                        agreements with State licensing
                                        agencies and with industry
                                        associations and employers who
                                        award certifications or other
                                        industry-recognized
                                        credentials;
                                            ``(bb) a consistent
                                        reporting method across States;
                                        and
                                            ``(cc) a collection system
                                        to process reports in a timely
                                        fashion; and''.

SEC. 6. STATE LEADERSHIP ACTIVITIES.

    Section 124(b) (20 U.S.C. 2341(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (8), by striking ``and'' after the
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (9) by striking the period at the end and
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(10) establishing statewide credit transfer agreements
        aligned to approved career and technical education programs of
        study.''.

SEC. 7. LOCAL PLAN FOR CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

    Section 134(b) (20 U.S.C. 2354(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (11), by striking ``and'' after the
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (12) by striking the period at the end and
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) describe how the eligible recipient will partner
        with business and industry to--
                    ``(A) identify opportunities for experiential and
                work-based learning opportunities either in-person or
                virtually;
                    ``(B) ensure career and technical education
                programs of study are responsive to community and
                employment demands and are--
                            ``(i) aligned with employment priorities in
                        the State, regional, or local economy
                        identified by employers and other relevant
                        stakeholders identified in section 134(b)(5);
                            ``(ii) informed by labor market
                        information; and
                            ``(iii) designed to meet current,
                        intermediate, and long term labor market
                        projections;
                    ``(C) ensure funding under this Act is spent in a
                coordinated manner with other local resources.''.

SEC. 8. AMENDMENT TO THE ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION ACT OF
              1965.

    Section 1502(a) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of
1965 (20 U.S.C. 6492(a)) is amended by striking ``challenging State
academic content standards and challenging State student academic
achievement standards'' and inserting ``rigorous, State-identified
college and career readiness standards that address both academic
content and career and technical education content identified under
section 113(b)(2)(A)(ii) of the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical
Education Act.''.

Output: Pathways to Prosperity Act of 2014 - Amends the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act to replace specified minimum measures of student attainment in the core indicators of performance for career and technical education students at the secondary level with a measure of the median earnings of students employed during the second quarter after completing a career and technical education program of study in the state. Requires the national research center, established under the Act, to engage in evaluation and technical assistance activities that will assist in: (1) collecting information on the industry-recognized credentials awarded to participants in career and technical education programs, and (2) developing the necessary infrastructure to support the state and local reporting of specified related information. Makes it a responsibility of the state agency involved to establish statewide credit transfer agreements aligned to approved career and technical education programs of study. Requires each local plan for career and technical education programs to describe how the eligible recipient of assistance will partner with business and industry to: (1) identify opportunities for experiential and work-based learning opportunities either in-person or virtually, (2) ensure the career and technical education programs of study are responsive to community and employment demands and meet other specified criteria, and (3) ensure funding under the Act is spent in a coordinated manner with other local resources. Amends the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to revise the purpose of grants for demonstration projects of innovative practices to require the projects to show the most promise of enabling the children served to meet rigorous, state-identified college and career readiness standards that address both certain academic content and certain career and technical education content.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Senior Nutrition Act of 2002''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds that--
            (1) senior citizens in the United States have significant
        out-of-pocket costs for medical expenses, especially for
        prescription drugs;
            (2) 3 in 5 Medicare beneficiaries do not have dependable,
        affordable, prescription drug coverage;
            (3) as medical costs continue to rise, many senior citizens
        are forced to make the difficult choice between purchasing
        prescription drugs and purchasing food;
            (4) the commodity supplemental food program provides
        supplemental nutritious foods to senior citizens in a number of
        States and localities;
            (5) under the commodity supplemental food program--
                    (A) women, infants, and children with household
                incomes up to 185 percent of the Federal Poverty Income
                Guidelines published annually by the Department of
                Health and Human Services may be eligible for
                supplemental foods; but
                    (B) senior citizens are ineligible for supplemental
                foods if their household incomes are greater than 130
                percent of the Federal Poverty Income Guidelines;
            (6) during fiscal year 2000--
                    (A) an average of more than 388,000 people each
                month participated in the commodity supplemental food
                program; and
                    (B) the majority of those participants, 293,000,
                were senior citizens; and
            (7) in order to serve the neediest senior citizens, taking
        into account their high out-of-pocket medical (including
        prescription drug) expenses, the eligibility requirements for
        the commodity supplemental food program should be modified to
        make more senior citizens eligible for the supplemental foods
        provided under the program.

SEC. 3. ELIGIBILITY OF ELDERLY PERSONS UNDER THE COMMODITY SUPPLEMENTAL
              FOOD PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Section 5 of the Agriculture and Consumer
Protection Act of 1973 (7 U.S.C. 612c note; Public Law 93-86) is
amended--
            (1) in the first sentence of subsection (d)(2)--
                    (A) by striking ``provide not less'' and inserting
                ``provide, to the Secretary of Agriculture, not less'';
                    (B) by inserting ``, or such greater quantities of
                cheese and nonfat dry milk as the Secretary determines
                are necessary,'' after ``nonfat dry milk''; and
                    (C) by striking ``in each of the fiscal years 1991
                through 2002 to the Secretary of Agriculture'' and
                inserting ``in each fiscal year'';
            (2) in subsection (i)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3)
                as subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), respectively, and
                indenting appropriately; and
                    (B) by striking ``(i) Each'' and inserting the
                following:
    ``(i) Programs Serving Elderly Persons.--
            ``(1) Eligibility.--An elderly person shall be eligible to
        participate in a commodity supplemental food program serving
        elderly persons if the elderly person is at least 60 years of
        age and--
                    ``(A) is eligible for food stamp benefits under the
                Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.); or
                    ``(B) has a household income that is less than or
                equal to 185 percent of the most recent Federal Poverty
                Income Guidelines published by the Department of Health
                and Human Services.
            ``(2) Provision of information.--Each''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(m) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            ``(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated
        to carry out the commodity supplemental food program--
                    ``(A) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
                    ``(B) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
                    ``(C) $160,000,000 for fiscal year 2005;
                    ``(D) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;
                    ``(E) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and
                    ``(F) such sums as are necessary for fiscal year
                2008 and each fiscal year thereafter.
            ``(2) Limitation on use of funds.--None of the funds made
        available under paragraph (1) shall be available to reimburse
        the Commodity Credit Corporation for commodities donated to the
        commodity supplemental food program.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 5(a) of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection
        Act of 1973 (7 U.S.C. 612c note; Public Law 93-86) is amended
        by striking ``Secretary (1) may'' and all that follows through
        ``(2) shall'' and inserting ``Secretary shall''.
            (2) Section 5(g) of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection
        Act of 1973 (7 U.S.C. 612c note; Public Law 93-86) is amended
        by striking ``(as defined by the Secretary)'' and inserting
        ``described in subsection (i)(1)''.

Output: Senior Nutrition Act of 2002 - Amends the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973 to make a person who is at least 60 years old eligible for the commodity supplemental food program (program) if such person: (1) is eligible for the food stamp program; or (2) has a household income that is not more than 185 percent of the federal poverty income guidelines.Authorizes permanent program appropriations.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Financial Crisis Investigation Act
of 2009''.

SEC. 2. EXPANDING THE AUTHORITY OF THE TARP CONGRESSIONAL OVERSIGHT
              PANEL.

    Section 125 of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (12
U.S.C. 5233) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Additional Duties.--The Oversight Panel shall--
            ``(1) investigate all causes, domestic and global, of the
        current financial and economic crisis in the United States,
        including the collapse of major financial and commercial firms
        and the deterioration of the credit and housing markets;
            ``(2) investigate the role in the financial and economic
        crisis, if any, of--
                    ``(A) any financial or commercial corporation,
                partnership, hedge fund, private equity firm, or
                entity, including any of their employees;
                    ``(B) the Securities and Exchange Commission;
                    ``(C) nationally recognized statistical rating
                organizations, as that term is defined in section 3(a)
                of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C.
                78c(a)) including any of their employees;
                    ``(D) the Commodity Futures Trading Commission;
                    ``(E) the Federal National Mortgage Association or
                the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation;
                    ``(F) trading facilities for commodities, as those
                terms are defined in section 1a of the Commodity
                Exchange Act (7 U.S.C. 1a), and self-regulatory
                organizations, as that term is defined in section 3 of
                the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c);
                    ``(G) the Federal banking agencies, as that term is
                defined in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance
                Act (12 U.S.C. 1813); and
                    ``(H) any other governmental or nongovernmental
                entity including any of their employees;
            ``(3) conduct a top-to-bottom review of the Nation's
        existing financial regulatory structure and the contribution of
        the current structure to the stability or instability of
        financial markets, in order to develop a comprehensive
        framework for--
                    ``(A) reforming the laws governing our Nation's
                financial markets;
                    ``(B) strengthening regulatory agencies; and
                    ``(C) improving transparency and oversight;
            ``(4) analyze--
                    ``(A) the impact of the financial regulatory
                structure on the health and stability of the United
                States economy;
                    ``(B) the sustainability of the Nation's financial
                institutions; and
                    ``(C) the financial well-being of American
                taxpayers;
            ``(5) review and consider all aspects of financial
        regulation, including the regulation of--
                    ``(A) bank holding companies, financial holding
                companies, commercial banks, investment banks, savings
                associations, credit unions, and industrial loan
                companies;
                    ``(B) payment and settlement systems;
                    ``(C) hedge funds, private equity funds, and the
                markets for alternative investments;
                    ``(D) special purpose vehicles and off-balance
                sheet financing for financial companies;
                    ``(E) the securitization of mortgages and other
                assets;
                    ``(F) exchange-based, electronic, and over-the-
                counter markets for financial derivative products;
                    ``(G) the mortgage finance industry, including
                mortgage brokers and mortgage lending institutions;
                    ``(H) equity markets, including short-selling
                practices, and commodity futures markets; and
                    ``(I) the insurance industry and its role in the
                financial markets;
            ``(6) submit reports required by subsection (b); and
            ``(7) refer to the Attorney General of the United States,
        any appropriate State attorney general, or any other
        appropriate law enforcement official any person that the
        Oversight Panel finds may have violated the laws of the United
        States in relation to such crisis.
    ``(i) Hearings and Evidence.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Oversight Panel shall, for purposes
        of carrying out this section--
                    ``(A) hold regular hearings, sit and act at times
                and places, take testimony, receive evidence, and
                administer oaths; and
                    ``(B) require, by subpoena or otherwise, the
                attendance and testimony of witnesses and the
                production of books, records, correspondence,
                memoranda, papers, and other documents.
            ``(2) Subpoenas.--
                    ``(A) Service.--Subpoenas issued under paragraph
                (1)(B) may be served by any person designated by the
                Oversight Panel.
                    ``(B) Enforcement.--
                            ``(i) In general.--In the case of contumacy
                        or failure to obey a subpoena issued under
                        paragraph (1)(B), the United States district
                        court for the judicial district in which the
                        subpoenaed person resides, is served, or may be
                        found, or where the subpoena is returnable, may
                        issue an order requiring such person to appear
                        at any designated place to testify or to
                        produce documentary or other evidence. Any
                        failure to obey the order of the court may be
                        punished by the court as a contempt of that
                        court.
                            ``(ii) Additional enforcement.--Sections
                        102 through 104 of the Revised Statutes of the
                        United States (2 U.S.C. 192 through 194) shall
                        apply in the case of any failure of any witness
                        to comply with any subpoena or to testify when
                        summoned under the authority of this section.
            ``(3) Contracting.--The Oversight Panel may enter into
        contracts to enable the Oversight Panel to discharge its duties
        under this section.
            ``(4) Information from federal agencies.--The Oversight
        Panel may secure directly from any department, agency, or
        instrumentality of the United States any information related to
        any inquiry of the Oversight Panel conducted under this Act.
        Each such department, agency, or instrumentality shall, to the
        extent authorized by law, furnish such information directly to
        the Oversight Panel upon request, not later than 7 days after
        the date on which such request is made.
            ``(5) Information from financial or commercial
        corporations, partnerships, hedge funds, private equity firms,
        or entities.--The Oversight Panel may secure directly from any
        financial or commercial corporations, partnerships, hedge
        funds, private equity firms, or entities any information
        related to any inquiry of the Oversight Panel conducted under
        this section. Each shall, to the extent authorized by law,
        furnish such information directly to the Oversight Panel upon
        request not later than 7 days after the date on which such
        request is made.
            ``(6) Assistance from federal agencies.--
                    ``(A) Department of the treasury.--
                            ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall
                        provide all amounts necessary to defray the
                        costs and provide administrative support and
                        other services to the Oversight Panel for the
                        performance of the functions of the Oversight
                        Panel.
                            ``(ii) Limitation.--The value of the
                        assistance required to be provided by the
                        Secretary under this subparagraph may not
                        exceed $4,000,000.
                    ``(B) Other departments and agencies.--In addition
                to the assistance prescribed in subparagraph (A),
                departments and agencies of the United States are
                authorized to provide to the Oversight Panel such
                services, funds, facilities, staff, and other support
                services as they may determine advisable and as may be
                authorized by law.
            ``(7) Gifts.--The Oversight Panel may accept, use, and
        dispose of gifts or donations of services or property.
            ``(8) Postal services.--The Oversight Panel may use the
        United States mails in the same manner and under the same
        conditions as departments and agencies of the United States.
            ``(9) Powers of subcommittees, members, and agents.--Any
        subcommittee, member, or agent of the Oversight Panel may, if
        authorized by the Oversight Panel, take any action which the
        Oversight Panel is authorized to take by this section.''.

SEC. 3. REPORTS OF THE OVERSIGHT PANEL.

    Section 125(b) of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008
(12 U.S.C. 5233(b)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Final report on financial crisis.--Not later than 100
        days after the date of enactment of this paragraph, the
        Oversight Panel shall submit to the President and Congress a
        report containing--
                    ``(A) the findings and conclusions of the Oversight
                Panel on the causes of the current financial and
                economic crisis in the United States; and
                    ``(B) such findings, conclusions, and
                recommendations for statutory and regulatory changes as
                a majority of Oversight Panel members finds are
                necessary to prevent a financial and economic crisis
                comparable to the current financial and economic crisis
                in the United States.
            ``(4) Interim reports.--At any time after the first meeting
        of the Oversight Panel, the Oversight Panel may submit to the
        President and Congress an interim report containing such
        findings, conclusions, and recommendations for corrective
        measures as have been agreed to by a majority of Oversight
        Panel members.''.

Output:
Financial Crisis Investigation Act of 2009 - Amends the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (EESA) to direct the Oversight Panel of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) to: (1) investigate all causes, domestic and global, of the current financial and economic crisis in the United States, including the collapse of major financial and commercial firms and the deterioration of the credit and housing markets; (2) investigate the role in the financial and economic crisis, if any, of specified governmental and private sector entities; (3) review the nation's existing financial regulatory structure from top to bottom, and its contribution to the stability or instability of financial markets; (4) review all aspects of financial regulation; and (5) refer to federal and state law enforcement officials any person that the Oversight Panel finds may have violated federal law in relation to such crisis.

Requires the Oversight Panel to report its findings, conclusions, and recommendations to the President and Congress.