Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Improved Workplace and Community
Transition Training for Incarcerated Youth Offenders Act of 2005''.

SEC. 2. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY
              TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED YOUTH OFFENDERS.

    Section 821 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 (20 U.S.C.
1151) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 821. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY
              TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED YOUTH OFFENDERS.

    ``(a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            ``(1) Almost 60 percent of the prison population in 2002
        was less than 35 years old.
            ``(2) Less than 32 percent of State prison inmates have a
        high school diploma or a higher level of education, compared to
        82 percent of the general population.
            ``(3) Approximately 38 percent of inmates who completed 11
        years or less of school were not working before entry into
        prison.
            ``(4) The percentage of State prisoners participating in
        educational programs has decreased by more than 8 percent over
        the period 1991-1997, despite growing evidence of how
        educational programming while incarcerated reduces recidivism.
            ``(5) Among inmates released from prison in 1999, the
        average time served in prison for the current offense was 29
        months, compared with 22 months served by those released from
        prison in 1990. Time spent in prison provides a unique
        opportunity for education and training.
            ``(6) At least 95 percent of all State prisoners will be
        released from prison at some point.
            ``(7) In 2001, 592,000 offenders were released from State
        prison, a 46 percent increase over the 405,400 offenders that
        were released in 1990.
            ``(8) The average age of prisoners released to parole
        increased from 31 years in 1990 to 34 years in 1999.
            ``(9) Approximately 62 percent of State prisoners will be
        rearrested within 3 years, with 41 percent returning to prison
        or jail.
            ``(10) The recidivism rate for those inmates that
        participate in education programs while incarcerated is
        approximately 10 percent lower than non-participants.
            ``(11) Even with quality education and training provided
        during incarceration, a period of intense supervision, support,
        and counseling is needed upon release to ensure effective
        reintegration of youth offenders into society.
    ``(b) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term `youth
offender' means a male or female offender under the age of 35, who is
incarcerated in a State prison, including a prerelease facility.
    ``(c) Grant Program.--The Secretary of Education (in this section
referred to as the `Secretary')--
            ``(1) shall establish a program in accordance with this
        section to provide grants to the State correctional education
        agencies in the States, from allocations for the States under
        subsection (i), to assist and encourage youth offenders to
        acquire functional literacy, life, and job skills, through--
                    ``(A) the pursuit of a postsecondary education
                certificate, or an associate or bachelor's degree while
                in prison; and
                    ``(B) employment counseling and other related
                services which start during incarceration and end not
                later than 1 year after release from confinement; and
            ``(2) may establish such performance objectives and
        reporting requirements for State correctional education
        agencies receiving grants under this section as the Secretary
        determines are necessary to assess the effectiveness of the
        program under this section.
    ``(d) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section,
a State correctional education agency shall submit to the Secretary a
proposal for a youth offender program that--
            ``(1) identifies the scope of the problem, including the
        number of youth offenders in need of postsecondary education
        and vocational training;
            ``(2) lists the accredited public or private educational
        institution or institutions that will provide postsecondary
        educational services;
            ``(3) lists the cooperating agencies, public and private,
        or businesses that will provide related services, such as
        counseling in the areas of career development, substance abuse,
        health, and parenting skills;
            ``(4) describes specific performance objectives and
        evaluation methods (in addition to, and consistent with, any
        objectives established by the Secretary under subsection
        (c)(2)) that the State correctional education agency will use
        in carrying out its proposal, including--
                    ``(A) specific and quantified student outcome
                measures that are referenced to outcomes for non-
                program participants with similar demographic
                characteristics; and
                    ``(B) measures, consistent with the data elements
                and definitions described in subsection (e)(1)(A), of--
                            ``(i) program completion, including an
                        explicit definition of what constitutes a
                        program completion within the proposal;
                            ``(ii) knowledge and skill attainment,
                        including specification of instruments that
                        will measure knowledge and skill attainment;
                            ``(iii) attainment of employment both prior
                        to and subsequent to release;
                            ``(iv) success in employment indicated by
                        job retention and advancement; and
                            ``(v) recidivism, including such
                        subindicators as time before subsequent offense
                        and severity of offense;
            ``(5) describes how the proposed programs are to be
        integrated with existing State correctional education programs
        (such as adult education, graduate education degree programs,
        and vocational training) and State industry programs;
            ``(6) describes how the proposed programs will have
        considered or will utilize technology to deliver the services
        under this section; and
            ``(7) describes how students will be selected so that only
        youth offenders eligible under subsection (f) will be enrolled
        in postsecondary programs.
    ``(e) Program Requirements.--Each State correctional education
agency receiving a grant under this section shall--
            ``(1) annually report to the Secretary regarding--
                    ``(A) the results of the evaluations conducted
                using data elements and definitions provided by the
                Secretary for the use of State correctional education
                programs;
                    ``(B) any objectives or requirements established by
                the Secretary pursuant to subsection (c)(2); and
                    ``(C) the additional performance objectives and
                evaluation methods contained in the proposal described
                in subsection (d)(4) as necessary to document the
                attainment of project performance objectives; and
            ``(2) expend on each participating eligible student for an
        academic year, not more than the maximum Federal Pell Grant
        funded under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 1965
        for such academic year, which shall be used for--
                    ``(A) tuition, books, and essential materials; and
                    ``(B) related services such as career development,
                substance abuse counseling, parenting skills training,
                and health education.
    ``(f) Student Eligibility.--A youth offender shall be eligible for
participation in a program receiving a grant under this section if the
youth offender--
            ``(1) is eligible to be released within 5 years (including
        a youth offender who is eligible for parole within such time);
        and
            ``(2) is 35 years of age or younger.
    ``(g) Length of Participation.--A State correctional education
agency receiving a grant under this section shall provide educational
and related services to each participating youth offender for a period
not to exceed 5 years, 1 year of which may be devoted to study in a
graduate education degree program or to remedial education services for
students who have obtained a secondary school diploma or its recognized
equivalent. Educational and related services shall start during the
period of incarceration in prison or prerelease, and the related
services may continue for not more than 1 year after release from
confinement.
    ``(h) Education Delivery Systems.--State correctional education
agencies and cooperating institutions shall, to the extent practicable,
use high-tech applications in developing programs to meet the
requirements and goals of this section.
    ``(i) Allocation of Funds.--From the funds appropriated pursuant to
subsection (j) for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each
State an amount that bears the same relationship to such funds as the
total number of students eligible under subsection (f) in such State
bears to the total number of such students in all States.
    ``(j) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2006
and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal
years.''.

Output:
Improved Workplace and Community Transition Training for Incarcerated Youth Offenders Act of 2005 - Amends the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 to authorize the Secretary of Education to establish performance objectives and reporting requirements necessary to assess program effectiveness for state correctional education agencies receiving grants for transition training for incarcerated youth offenders.

Requires grant applications to describe specific performance objectives and evaluation methods that the state agency will use, including: (1) specific and quantified student outcome measures that are referenced to outcomes for non-program participants with similar demographic characteristics; and (2) measures of program completion, knowledge and skill attainment, attainment of and success in employment, and recidivism. Requires descriptions of how the proposed programs will consider or utilize technology.

Directs each state agency receiving a grant to: (1) report annually to the Secretary on the results of the evaluations and additional performance objectives and on evaluation methods as necessary to document the attainment of performance objectives; and (2) expend on each participating eligible student for an academic year not more than the maximum federal Pell grant for such year, which shall be used for tuition, books, essential materials, and related services such as career development, substance abuse counseling, parenting skills training, and health education.

Makes youth offenders age 35 (currently, 25) or younger eligible for participation. Allows related services to continue for up to one year after release from confinement.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Qualifying Renewable Chemical
Production or Investment Tax Credit Act of 2015''.

SEC. 2. CREDITS FOR PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE CHEMICALS AND INVESTMENTS
              IN RENEWABLE CHEMICAL PRODUCTION FACILITIES.

    (a) Production of Renewable Chemicals.--
            (1) In general.--Subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of
        chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
        adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 45S. CREDIT FOR PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE CHEMICALS.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of section 38, the production
credit for renewable chemicals for any taxable year is an amount
(determined separately for each renewable chemical produced by the
taxpayer) equal to $0.15 per pound of biobased content of renewable
chemical produced by the taxpayer during the taxable year.
    ``(b) Limitation.--The amount of the credit determined under
subsection (a) with respect to a renewable chemical produced by the
taxpayer during any taxable year shall not exceed the credit amount
allocated for purposes of this section by the Secretary to the taxpayer
with respect to such chemical for such taxable year under section
48E(e).
    ``(c) Biobased Content.--For purposes of this section, the term
`biobased content' means, with respect to any renewable chemical, the
biobased content of the total mass of organic carbon in such chemical
(expressed as a percentage), determined by testing representative
samples using the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
D6866.
    ``(d) Renewable Chemical.--For purposes of this section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `renewable chemical' means any
        chemical which--
                    ``(A) is produced by the taxpayer in the United
                States (or in a territory or possession of the United
                States) from renewable biomass. For purposes of this
                section, the term `renewable biomass' has the meaning
                given such term in section 9001(13) of the Farm
                Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C.
                8101(13));
                    ``(B) is sold, or used, by the taxpayer--
                            ``(i) for the production of chemical
                        products, polymers, plastics, or formulated
                        products, or
                            ``(ii) as chemicals, polymers, plastics, or
                        formulated products;
                    ``(C) the biobased content percentage of which is
                95 percent or higher;
                    ``(D) is the product of, or reliant upon,
                biological conversion, thermal conversion, or a
                combination of biological and thermal conversion, of
                renewable biomass;
                    ``(E) is not sold or used for the production of any
                food, feed, or fuel;
                    ``(F) is not a combination of renewable chemicals
                on the list under subparagraph (G) (or added to the
                list under paragraph (2)) for which a credit has been
                taken under this section or section 48E; and
                    ``(G) is included on the following list of
                renewable chemicals eligible for credit: acetic acid;
                acrylic acid; acyl glutamate; adipic acid; algae oils;
                algae sugars; aromatics; 1,4-butanediol (BDO); iso-
                butanol; n-butanol; carboxylic acids; cellulosic sugar;
                diethyl methylene malonate; ethyl acetate; farnesene;
                gamma-butyrolactone; hexamethylenediamine (HMD); 3-
                hydroxy propionic acid; glucaric acid; C10
                hydrocarbons; isoprene; itaconic acid; ketals;
                levulinic acid; olefins; polyhydroxyalkonate (PHA);
                polylactic acid (PLA); polyitaconic acid; polyols from
                vegetable oils; poly(xylitan levulinate ketal); 1,3-
                propanediol; 1,2-propanediol; succinic acid; terpenes;
                thiols; p-xylene.
            ``(2) Additional renewable chemicals.--The Secretary may
        add chemicals to the list of renewable chemicals established in
        paragraph (1)(G). Not later than 180 days after the enactment
        of this section, the Secretary, in consultation with the
        Secretary of Agriculture, shall establish a program to consider
        applications from taxpayers to add renewable chemicals to the
        list. Any chemical added to the list must meet the requirements
        set forth in subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1).
    ``(e) Coordination With Investment Credit for Renewable Chemical
Production Facilities.--See section 48E(f) for rules coordinating
section 48E with this section.
    ``(f) Termination.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
section, the Secretary may not allocate any credit amount under this
section to any taxable year which begins more than 5 years after the
date of the enactment of this section.''.
            (2) Credit to be part of general business credit.--
        Subsection (b) of section 38 of such Code is amended by
        striking ``plus'' at the end of paragraph (35), by striking the
        period at the end of paragraph (36) and inserting ``, plus'',
        and by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(37) the renewable chemicals production credit determined
        under section 45S(a).''.
    (b) Investment Credit in Lieu of Production Credit.--
            (1) In general.--Section 46 of such Code is amended by
        striking ``and'' at the end of paragraph (5), by striking the
        period at the end of paragraph (6) and inserting ``, and'', and
        by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(6) the renewable chemical production facilities
        credit.''.
            (2) Renewable chemical production facilities credit.--
        Subpart E of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code
        is amended by inserting after section 48D the following:

``SEC. 48E. INVESTMENT CREDIT FOR RENEWABLE CHEMICAL PRODUCTION
              FACILITIES.

    ``(a) In General.--For purposes of section 46, the renewable
chemical production facilities credit for any taxable year is an amount
equal to 30 percent of the basis of any eligible property which is a
part of a renewable chemical production facility placed in service by
the taxpayer during such taxable year.
    ``(b) Limitation.--The amount of the credit determined under
subsection (a) with respect to a renewable chemical production facility
of the taxpayer during any taxable year shall not exceed the credit
amount allocated for purposes of this section by the Secretary to the
taxpayer for such taxable year under subsection (e).
    ``(c) Renewable Chemical Production Facility.--For purposes of this
section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `renewable chemical production
        facility' means a facility used to produce renewable
        chemicals--
                    ``(A) which is owned by the taxpayer,
                    ``(B) which is originally placed after the date of
                the enactment of this section and before the first day
                of the taxable year which begins 6 years after the date
                of the enactment of this section, and
                    ``(C) with respect to which--
                            ``(i) no credit has been allowed under
                        section 45S, and
                            ``(ii) the taxpayer makes an irrevocable
                        election to have this section apply to such
                        facility.
            ``(2) Eligible property.--The term `eligible property'
        means any property--
                    ``(A) which is--
                            ``(i) tangible personal property, or
                            ``(ii) other tangible property (not
                        including a building or its structural
                        components),
                but only if such property is used as an integral part
                of the renewable chemical production facility, and
                    ``(B) with respect to which depreciation (or
                amortization in lieu of depreciation) is allowable.
            ``(3) Renewable chemical.--The term `renewable chemical'
        has the meaning given such term by section 45S(d).
    ``(d) Special Rules.--
            ``(1) Denial of production credit.--No credit shall be
        allowed under section 45S for any taxable year with respect to
        any renewable chemical production facility.
            ``(2) Certain qualified progress expenditures rules made
        applicable.--Rules similar to the rules of subsections (c)(4)
        and (d) of section 46 (as in effect on the day before the
        enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990 shall apply
        for purposes of this section.
    ``(e) National Limitation on Credits for Renewable Chemicals.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date
        of the enactment of this section, the Secretary, in
        consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture, shall establish
        a program to allocate credit amounts under this section and
        section 45S to applicants for taxable years.
            ``(2) Limitations.--
                    ``(A) Aggregate limitation.--The total amount of
                credits that may be allocated under such program shall
                not exceed $500,000,000.
                    ``(B) Taxpayer limitation.--The amount of credits
                that may be allocated to any taxpayer for any taxable
                year under such program shall not exceed $25,000,000.
                For purposes of the preceding sentence, all persons
                treated as a single employer under subsection (a) or
                (b) of section 52, or subsection (m) or (o) of section
                414, shall be treated as one person.
            ``(3) Selection criteria.--In determining which taxpayers
        to make allocations of credit amount under such program, the
        Secretary shall take into consideration--
                    ``(A) the number of jobs created and maintained
                (directly and indirectly) in the United States
                (including territories and possessions of the United
                States) as result of such allocation during the credit
                period and thereafter,
                    ``(B) the degree to which the production of the
                renewable chemical demonstrates reduced dependence on
                imported feedstocks, petroleum, non-renewable
                resources, or other fossil fuels,
                    ``(C) the technological innovation involved in the
                production method of the renewable chemical,
                    ``(D) the energy efficiency and reduction in
                lifecycle greenhouse gases of the renewable chemical or
                of the production method of the renewable chemical, and
                    ``(E) whether there is a reasonable expectation of
                commercial viability.
            ``(4) Redistribution.--If a credit amount allocated to a
        taxpayer for a taxable year with respect to any renewable
        chemical or renewable chemical production facility (determined
        without regard to this paragraph) exceeds the amount of the
        credit with respect to such chemical determined under this
        section on the taxpayer's return for such taxable year--
                    ``(A) the credit amount allocated to such taxpayer
                for such taxable year with respect to such renewable
                chemical shall be treated as being the amount so
                determined on the taxpayer's return, and
                    ``(B) such excess may, subject to subsection (e),
                be reallocated by the Secretary consistent with the
                requirements of paragraphs (2)(B) and (3).
            ``(5) Disclosure of allocations.--The Secretary shall, upon
        making an allocation of credit amount under this section,
        publicly disclose the identity of the applicant and the amount
        of the credit with respect to such applicant.
    ``(f) Coordination With Production Credit for Renewable
Chemicals.--
            ``(1) In general.--If a taxpayer makes an election under
        paragraph (2) with respect to a renewable chemical production
        facility, a credit shall not be allowed under section 45S for
        any renewable chemical produced by such facility.
            ``(2) Election.--If no credit has been allowed under
        section 45S with respect to a renewable chemical produced by a
        renewable chemical production facility, a taxpayer may make an
        irrevocable election to have this section apply with respect to
        such facility in lieu of section 45S with respect to such
        renewable chemical.
    ``(g) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such regulations or
other guidance as may be necessary to carry out this section and
section 45S.
    ``(h) Termination.--The Secretary may not allocate any credit
amount under this section to any taxable year which begins more than 5
years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.
    (c) Credits Allowable Against Alternative Minimum Tax.--
Subparagraph (B) of section 38(c)(4) of such Code is amended by
redesignating clauses (vii) through (ix) as clauses (ix) through (xi),
respectively, and by inserting after clause (vi) the following new
clauses:
                            ``(vii) the credit determined under section
                        45S,
                            ``(viii) the credit determined under
                        section 46 to the extent that such credit is
                        attributable to the renewable chemical
                        production facilities credit under section
                        48E,''.
    (d) Clerical Amendments.--
            (1) The table of sections for subpart D of part IV of
        subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding at
        the end the following new item:

``Sec. 45S. Credit for production of renewable chemicals.''.
            (2) The table of sections for subpart E of part IV of
        subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding at
        the end the following new item:

``Sec. 48E. Investment credit for renewable chemical production
                            facilities.''.
    (e) Effective Dates.--
            (1) Production credit.--The amendments made by subsection
        (a) shall apply to renewable chemicals produced after the date
        of the enactment of this Act, in taxable years ending after
        such date.
            (2) Investment credit.--The amendments made by subsection
        (b) shall apply to renewable chemical production facilities
        placed in service after the date of the enactment of this Act,
        in taxable years ending after such date.

Output: Qualifying Renewable Chemical Production or Investment Tax Credit Act of 2015 This bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow a business-related tax credit for the production of renewable chemicals. The bill defines "renewable chemical" as any chemical that: (1) is produced in the United States from renewable biomass; (2) is sold or used for the production of chemical products, polymers, plastics, or formulated products or as chemicals, polymers, plastics, or formulated products; (3) has a biobased content of 95% or higher; (4) is the product of, or reliant upon, biological or thermal conversion of renewable biomass; (5) is not sold or used for the production of any food, feed, or fuel; and (6) is not a combination of certain specified renewable chemicals.  The bill also allows a tax credit for investment in renewable chemical production facilities. The bill requires the Department of the Treasury to establish a program to allocate renewable chemical tax credit amounts to eligible taxpayers and imposes an aggregate limit on the amount of credits that may be allocated to not more than $500 million during the 5-year period after enactment of this Act.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Patient Safety and Toxicology
Modernization Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Preclinical testing serves a fundamental role in
        characterizing the potential risks and benefits associated with
        regulated medicines and products.
            (2) Critical gaps remain in the understanding of the
        relationship between patient response and preclinical findings.
            (3) Serious, rare, and unexpected adverse events may be
        observed in clinical trials or postapproval, particularly
        toxicology effects not identified in animals that may harm
        human organs.
            (4) Patient efficacy, safety, dosage information, and
        speedier access to new medicines will benefit from models that
        are more predictive than animals and that mimic key elements of
        human organs.
            (5) A 2011 report by the Food and Drug Administration,
        entitled ``Advancing Regulatory Science at FDA'', prioritized
        toxicology testing and the development of models of human
        adverse response as one of the areas of regulatory science
        where new or enhanced engagement by the agency is essential to
        the continued success of the public health and regulatory
        mission of the Food and Drug Administration.
            (6) The Food and Drug Administration's 2016 draft
        commitment letter concerning the reauthorization of fees
        relating to drugs under part 2 of subchapter C of chapter VII
        of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 379g et
        seq.) proposes a process to add new preclinical models that
        will not be finalized until at least 2021.
            (7) Peer-reviewed data is readily available to illustrate
        the benefits of commercially available human tissue models to
        improve the drug discovery process by replicating key elements
        of living human tissue.
            (8) The Food and Drug Administration should take immediate
        steps to validate new models, including three-dimensional human
        tissue models, that improve regulatory decisionmaking in
        preclinical, clinical, labeling, and postmarket safety and
        efficacy testing, or other uses by product sponsors.

SEC. 3. GUIDANCE WITH RESPECT TO THREE-DIMENSIONAL HUMAN TISSUE MODELS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than December 31, 2018, the Secretary of
Health and Human Services, acting through the Commissioner of Food and
Drugs, shall issue guidance addressing--
            (1) the development and use of novel tools for toxicology
        and efficacy testing, including three-dimensional human tissue
        models; and
            (2) the use of three-dimensional human tissue models for
        preclinical, clinical, and postmarket safety and efficacy
        testing, labeling, or other uses by product sponsors.
    (b) Periodic Updates.--The Secretary shall periodically update the
guidance issued under subsection (a).

SEC. 4. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prohibit or limit the use
of three-dimensional human tissue models by product sponsors with
respect to--
            (1) obtaining approval or licensure of a drug or biological
        product, including a combination product, under section 505 of
        the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355) or
        section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262);
        or
            (2) meeting the requirements of a regulatory decision
        issued by the Secretary of Health and Human Services.

SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Biological product.--The term ``biological product''
        has the meaning given such term in section 351(i) of the Public
        Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262(i)).
            (2) Combination product.--The term ``combination product''
        means a combination product described in section 503(g) of the
        Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 353(g)).
            (3) Drug.--The term ``drug'' has the meaning given such
        term in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
        (21 U.S.C. 321).
            (4) Three-dimensional human tissue model.--The term
        ``three-dimensional human tissue model'' means a three-
        dimensional model that--
                    (A) approximates human tissue composition and
                physiology using spatially controlled deposition of
                adult human cells or cell-containing materials in user-
                defined, geometric patterns;
                    (B) can be used to detect toxicity that is not
                identifiable in animal models;
                    (C) can be used to test the efficacy of a drug that
                is not possible or not able to be sufficiently tested
                in an animal model; and
                    (D) can predict toxicity in clinical testing or
                detect toxicity in known clinical failures.

Output: Patient Safety and Toxicology Modernization Act of 2016 This bill requires the Food and Drug Administration to issue and periodically update guidance on: (1) novel tools for testing the toxicology and efficacy of medications, and (2) three-dimensional human tissue models.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Department of
Energy Laboratory Modernization and Technology Transfer Act of 2014''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Savings clause.
         TITLE I--INNOVATION MANAGEMENT AT DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Sec. 101. Under Secretary for Science and Energy.
Sec. 102. Technology transfer assessment.
Sec. 103. Sense of Congress.
     TITLE II--CROSS-SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS AND GRANT COMPETITIVENESS

Sec. 201. Agreements for Commercializing Technology pilot program.
Sec. 202. Public-private partnerships for commercialization.
Sec. 203. Inclusion of early-stage technology demonstration in
                            authorized technology transfer activities.
Sec. 204. Funding competitiveness for institutions of higher education
                            and other nonprofit institutions.
Sec. 205. Participation in the Innovation Corps program.
                    TITLE III--ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT

Sec. 301. Report by Government Accountability Office.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the
        Department of Energy.
            (2) National laboratories.--The term ``National
        Laboratory'' means a Department of Energy nonmilitary national
        laboratory, including--
                    (A) Ames Laboratory;
                    (B) Argonne National Laboratory;
                    (C) Brookhaven National Laboratory;
                    (D) Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory;
                    (E) Idaho National Laboratory;
                    (F) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory;
                    (G) National Energy Technology Laboratory;
                    (H) National Renewable Energy Laboratory;
                    (I) Oak Ridge National Laboratory;
                    (J) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory;
                    (K) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory;
                    (L) Savannah River National Laboratory;
                    (M) Stanford Linear Accelerator Center;
                    (N) Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility;
                and
                    (O) any laboratory operated by the National Nuclear
                Security Administration, but only with respect to the
                civilian energy activities thereof.
            (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary
        of Energy.

SEC. 3. SAVINGS CLAUSE.

    Nothing in this Act or an amendment made by this Act abrogates or
otherwise affects the primary responsibilities of any National
Laboratory to the Department.

         TITLE I--INNOVATION MANAGEMENT AT DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

SEC. 101. UNDER SECRETARY FOR SCIENCE AND ENERGY.

    (a) In General.--Section 202(b) of the Department of Energy
Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7132(b)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Under Secretary for Science'' each place
        it appears and inserting ``Under Secretary for Science and
        Energy''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (F), by striking ``and'' at the
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (G), by striking the period at
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (G) the
                following:
                    ``(H) establish appropriate linkages between
                offices under the jurisdiction of the Under Secretary;
                and
                    ``(I) perform such functions and duties as the
                Secretary shall prescribe, consistent with this
                section.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 3164(b)(1) of the Department of Energy Science
        Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C. 7381a(b)(1)) is amended by
        striking ``Under Secretary for Science'' and inserting ``Under
        Secretary for Science and Energy''.
            (2) Section 641(h)(2) of the United States Energy Storage
        Competitiveness Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17231(h)(2)) is amended
        by striking ``Under Secretary for Science'' and inserting
        ``Under Secretary for Science and Energy''.

SEC. 102. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ASSESSMENT.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act,
the Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Science, Space, and
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy
and Natural Resources of the Senate a report which shall include--
            (1) an assessment of the Department's current ability to
        carry out the goals of section 1001 of the Energy Policy Act of
        2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391), including an assessment of the role and
        effectiveness of the Technology Transfer Coordinator position;
        and
            (2) recommended departmental policy changes and legislative
        changes to section 1001 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42
        U.S.C. 16391) to improve the Department's ability to
        successfully transfer new energy technologies to the private
        sector.

SEC. 103. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of the Congress that--
            (1) the establishment of the independent Commission to
        Review the Effectiveness of the National Energy Laboratories
        under section 319 of title III of division D of the
        Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014, is an important step
        towards developing a coordinated strategy for the National
        Laboratories in the 21st century;
            (2) Congress looks forward to--
                    (A) receiving the findings and conclusions of the
                Commission; and
                    (B) engaging with the Administration--
                            (i) in strengthening the mission of the
                        National Laboratories; and
                            (ii) to reform and modernize the operations
                        and management of the National Laboratories;
                        and
            (3) the Secretary should encourage the National
        Laboratories and federally funded research and development
        centers to inform small businesses of the opportunities and
        resources that exist pursuant to this Act.

     TITLE II--CROSS-SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS AND GRANT COMPETITIVENESS

SEC. 201. AGREEMENTS FOR COMMERCIALIZING TECHNOLOGY PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out the Agreements for
Commercializing Technology pilot program of the Department, as
announced by the Secretary on December 8, 2011, in accordance with this
section.
    (b) Terms.--Each agreement entered into pursuant to the pilot
program referred to in subsection (a) shall provide to the contractor
of the applicable National Laboratory, to the maximum extent determined
to be appropriate by the Secretary, increased authority to negotiate
contract terms, such as intellectual property rights, payment
structures, performance guarantees, and multiparty collaborations.
    (c) Eligibility.--
            (1) In general.--Any director of a National Laboratory may
        enter into an agreement pursuant to the pilot program referred
        to in subsection (a).
            (2) Agreements with non-federal entities.--To carry out
        paragraph (1) and subject to paragraph (3), the Secretary shall
        permit the directors of the National Laboratories to execute
        agreements with a non-Federal entity, including a non-Federal
        entity already receiving Federal funding that will be used to
        support activities under agreements executed pursuant to
        paragraph (1), provided that such funding is solely used to
        carry out the purposes of the Federal award.
            (3) Restriction.--The requirements of chapter 18 of title
        35, United States Code (commonly known as the ``Bayh-Dole
        Act'') shall apply if--
                    (A) the agreement is a funding agreement (as that
                term is defined in section 201 of that title); and
                    (B) at least 1 of the parties to the funding
                agreement is eligible to receive rights under that
                chapter.
    (d) Submission to Secretary.--Each affected director of a National
Laboratory shall submit to the Secretary, with respect to each
agreement entered into under this section--
            (1) a summary of information relating to the relevant
        project;
            (2) the total estimated costs of the project;
            (3) estimated commencement and completion dates of the
        project; and
            (4) other documentation determined to be appropriate by the
        Secretary.
    (e) Certification.--The Secretary shall require the contractor of
the affected National Laboratory to certify that each activity carried
out under a project for which an agreement is entered into under this
section--
            (1) is not in direct competition with the private sector;
        and
            (2) does not present, or minimizes, any apparent conflict
        of interest, and avoids or neutralizes any actual conflict of
        interest, as a result of the agreement under this section.
    (f) Extension.--The pilot program referred to in subsection (a)
shall be extended for a term of 2 years after the date of enactment of
this Act.
    (g) Reports.--
            (1) Overall assessment.--Not later than 60 days after the
        date described in subsection (f), the Secretary, in
        coordination with directors of the National Laboratories, shall
        submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of
        the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and
        Natural Resources of the Senate a report that--
                    (A) assesses the overall effectiveness of the pilot
                program referred to in subsection (a);
                    (B) identifies opportunities to improve the
                effectiveness of the pilot program;
                    (C) assesses the potential for program activities
                to interfere with the responsibilities of the National
                Laboratories to the Department; and
                    (D) provides a recommendation regarding the future
                of the pilot program.
            (2) Transparency.--The Secretary, in coordination with
        directors of the National Laboratories, shall submit to the
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural
        Resources of the Senate an annual report that accounts for all
        incidences of, and provides a justification for, non-Federal
        entities using funds derived from a Federal contract or award
        to carry out agreements pursuant to this section.

SEC. 202. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS FOR COMMERCIALIZATION.

    (a) In General.--Subject to subsections (b) and (c), the Secretary
shall delegate to directors of the National Laboratories signature
authority with respect to any agreement described in subsection (b) the
total cost of which (including the National Laboratory contributions
and project recipient cost share) is less than $1,000,000.
    (b) Agreements.--Subsection (a) applies to--
            (1) a cooperative research and development agreement;
            (2) a non-Federal work-for-others agreement; and
            (3) any other agreement determined to be appropriate by the
        Secretary, in collaboration with the directors of the National
        Laboratories.
    (c) Administration.--
            (1) Accountability.--The director of the affected National
        Laboratory and the affected contractor shall carry out an
        agreement under this section in accordance with applicable
        policies of the Department, including by ensuring that the
        agreement does not compromise any national security, economic,
        or environmental interest of the United States.
            (2) Certification.--The director of the affected National
        Laboratory and the affected contractor shall certify that each
        activity carried out under a project for which an agreement is
        entered into under this section does not present, or minimizes,
        any apparent conflict of interest, and avoids or neutralizes
        any actual conflict of interest, as a result of the agreement
        under this section.
            (3) Availability of records.--On entering an agreement
        under this section, the director of a National Laboratory shall
        submit to the Secretary for monitoring and review all records
        of the National Laboratory relating to the agreement.
            (4) Rates.--The director of a National Laboratory may
        charge higher rates for services performed under a partnership
        agreement entered into pursuant to this section, regardless of
        the full cost of recovery, if such funds are used exclusively
        to support further research and development activities at the
        respective National Laboratory.
    (d) Conforming Amendment.--Section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting
                the subparagraphs appropriately;
                    (B) by striking ``Each Federal agency'' and
                inserting the following:
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2),
        each Federal agency''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Exception.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), in
        accordance with section 202(a) of the Department of Energy
        Laboratory Modernization and Technology Transfer Act of 2014,
        approval by the Secretary of Energy shall not be required for
        any technology transfer agreement proposed to be entered into
        by a National Laboratory of the Department of Energy, the total
        cost of which (including the National Laboratory contributions
        and project recipient cost share) is less than $1,000,000.'';
        and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subsection (a)(1)''
        each place it appears and inserting ``subsection (a)(1)(A)''.

SEC. 203. INCLUSION OF EARLY-STAGE TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION IN
              AUTHORIZED TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ACTIVITIES.

    Section 1001 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391) is
amended by--
            (1) redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Early-Stage Technology Demonstration.--The Secretary shall
permit the directors of the National Laboratories to use funds
authorized to support technology transfer within the Department to
carry out early-stage and pre-commercial technology demonstration
activities to remove technology barriers that limit private sector
interest and demonstrate potential commercial applications of any
research and technologies arising from National Laboratory
activities.''.

SEC. 204. FUNDING COMPETITIVENESS FOR INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
              AND OTHER NONPROFIT INSTITUTIONS.

    Section 988(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C.
16352(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Except as provided in
        paragraphs (2) and (3)'' and inserting ``Except as provided in
        paragraphs (2), (3), and (4)''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Exemption for institutions of higher education and
        other nonprofit institutions.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to
                a research or development activity performed by an
                institution of higher education or nonprofit
                institution (as defined in section 4 of the Stevenson-
                Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C.
                3703)).
                    ``(B) Termination date.--The exemption under
                subparagraph (A) shall apply during the 6-year period
                beginning on the date of enactment of this
                paragraph.''.

SEC. 205. PARTICIPATION IN THE INNOVATION CORPS PROGRAM.

    The Secretary may enter into an agreement with the Director of the
National Science Foundation to enable researchers funded by the
Department to participate in the National Science Foundation Innovation
Corps program.

                    TITLE III--ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT

SEC. 301. REPORT BY GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE.

    Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the
Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a
report--
            (1) describing the results of the projects developed under
        sections 201, 202, and 203, including information regarding--
                    (A) partnerships initiated as a result of those
                projects and the potential linkages presented by those
                partnerships with respect to national priorities and
                other taxpayer-funded research; and
                    (B) whether the activities carried out under those
                projects result in--
                            (i) fiscal savings;
                            (ii) expansion of National Laboratory
                        capabilities;
                            (iii) increased efficiency of technology
                        transfers; or
                            (iv) an increase in general efficiency of
                        the National Laboratory system; and
            (2) assess the scale, scope, efficacy, and impact of the
        Department's efforts to promote technology transfer and private
        sector engagement at the National Laboratories, and make
        recommendations on how the Department can improve these
        activities.

            Passed the House of Representatives July 22, 2014.

            Attest:

                                                 KAREN L. HAAS,

                                                                 Clerk.

Output: Department of Energy Laboratory Modernization and Technology Transfer Act of 2014 - Title I: Innovation Management At Department of Energy - (Sec. 101) Amends the Department of Energy Organization Act to rename the Under Secretary for Science as the Under Secretary for Science and Energy and expand the functions of the position to include establishment of appropriate linkages between offices under such official's jurisdiction.  (Sec. 102) Directs the Department of Energy (DOE) to: (1) report on its ability to improve the technology transfer and commercialization of energy technologies, including an assessment of the role and effectiveness of the Technology Transfer Coordinator position; and (2) recommend changes to improve the ability to successfully transfer new energy technologies to the private sector.  (Sec. 103) Expresses the sense of Congress regarding the development of a coordinated strategy for DOE nonmilitary national laboratories in the 21st century.  Title II: Cross-Sector Partnerships and Grant Competitiveness - (Sec. 201) Directs DOE to carry out the Agreements for Commercializing Technology pilot program in accordance with this Act, including by giving the contractors of the DOE nonmilitary national laboratories (national laboratories) increased authority to negotiate contract terms and making every such facility eligible for the program.  Permits the directors of the national laboratories to execute agreements with non-federal entities, provided that such funding is only used to carry out the purposes of the federal award. Subjects agreements that are funding agreements to the requirements of the Bayh-Dole Act (concerning patent rights to inventions arising from federally-supported research and development).  Imposes contractor certification requirements for the avoidance of direct competition with the private sector and conflicts of interest. Extends the pilot program for two years.  Requires DOE to report to Congress on the overall effectiveness of the pilot program and to annually account for, and justify, incidences of use by non-federal entities of funds derived from a federal contract or award to carry out agreements pursuant to the pilot program.  (Sec. 202) Requires the Secretary of Energy to delegate to the directors of the national laboratories signature authority with respect to certain agreements the total cost of which is less than $1 million.  (Sec. 203) Permits the directors of national laboratories to use funds authorized to support technology transfer within DOE to carry out early-stage and pre-commercial technology demonstration activities to: (1) remove technology barriers that limit private sector interest, and (2) demonstrate potential commercial applications of any research and technologies arising from national laboratory activities. (Sec. 204) Amends the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to exempt institutions of higher education and nonprofit institutions from the cost-sharing requirements for research and development for six years. (Sec. 205) Authorizes DOE to enter into an agreement with the National Science Foundation (NSF) to enable the participation of DOE researchers in the National Science Foundation Innovation Corps program. Title III: Assessment of Impact - (Sec. 301) Requires the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to report to Congress on the results of projects developed under this Act and on DOE efforts to promote technology transfer and private sector engagement at the national laboratories.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Next Generation Radiation Screening
Act of 2008''.

SEC. 2. MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING REGARDING ADVANCED SPECTROSCOPIC
              PORTAL MONITORS.

    (a) In General.--Title XIX of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 is
amended by adding at the end the following new sections:

``SEC. 1908. ADVANCED SPECTROSCOPIC PORTAL MONITORS.

    ``(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            ``(1) The consequences of radiological or nuclear terrorism
        would be catastrophic.
            ``(2) A system such as the Advanced Spectroscopic Portal
        (ASP) is intended to improve the process of screening
        passengers and cargo to prevent the illicit transport of
        radiological and nuclear material.
            ``(3) A system such as the ASP can always be improved, even
        after it is deployed.
            ``(4) There is no upper limit to the functionality that can
        be incorporated into an engineering project of this magnitude.
            ``(5) Delaying deployment of the ASP to increase
        functionality beyond what is minimally required for deployment
        may limit the ability of the United States to screen passengers
        and cargo for radiological and nuclear material.
            ``(6) There are operational differences between primary and
        secondary screening procedures. Consideration should be given
        to the implication these differences have on the minimum
        functionality for systems deployed for use in primary and
        secondary screening procedures.
    ``(b) Agreement on Functionality of Advanced Spectroscopic Portal
Monitors.--The Director of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office and
the Commissioner of Customs and Border Protection shall enter into an
agreement regarding the minimum required functionality for the
deployment of ASP by United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP).
    ``(c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 60 days after the date of
the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall provide Congress
with the signed memorandum of understanding between the Office and CBP.

``SEC. 1909. CRITERIA FOR CERTIFICATION.

    ``(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            ``(1) In developing criteria for Advanced Spectroscopic
        Portal (ASP) performance, special consideration should be given
        to the unique challenges associated with detecting the presence
        of illicit radiological or nuclear material that may be masked
        by the presence of radiation from naturally occurring
        radioactive material or legitimate radioactive sources such as
        those associated with medical or industrial use of radiation.
            ``(2) Title IV of division E of the Consolidated
        Appropriations Act, 2008 (Public Law 110-161) requires the
        Secretary to submit to Congress a report certifying that `a
        significant increase in operational effectiveness will be
        achieved' with the ASP before `funds appropriated under this
        heading shall be obligated for full-scale procurement of
        Advanced Spectroscopic Portal Monitors', and requires that `the
        Secretary shall submit separate and distinct certifications
        prior to the procurement of Advanced Spectroscopic Portal
        Monitors for primary and secondary deployment that address the
        unique requirements for operational effectiveness of each type
        of deployment.'.
    ``(b) Specification of Significant Increase in Operational
Effectiveness.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, in accordance with
        the requirements of title IV of division E of the Consolidated
        Appropriations Act, 2008, and in consultation with the National
        Academies, develop quantitative metrics that demonstrate any
        significant increased operational effectiveness (or lack
        thereof) of deploying the ASP in Primary and Secondary
        Screening sites, as determined by United States Customs and
        Border Protection (CBP).
            ``(2) Metrics.--The metrics referred to in paragraph (1)
        shall include the following:
                    ``(A) A quantitative definition of `significant
                increase in operational effectiveness'.
                    ``(B) All relevant threat materials.
                    ``(C) All relevant masking scenarios.
                    ``(D) Cost benefit analysis in accordance with the
                Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board Generally
                Accepted Accounting Principles.
                    ``(E) Any other measure the Director and the
                Commissioner determine appropriate.
    ``(c) Consideration of External Reviews in the Decision To
Certify.--In determining whether or not to certify that the ASP shows a
significant increase in operational effectiveness, the Secretary may
consider the following:
            ``(1) Relevant reports on the ASP from the Government
        Accountability Office.
            ``(2) An assessment of the ASP by the Independent Review
        Team led by the Homeland Security Institute.
            ``(3) An assessment of the ASP in consultation with the
        National Academies.
            ``(4) Any other information the Secretary determines
        relevant.

``SEC. 1910. AUTHORIZATION OF SECURING THE CITIES INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            ``(1) The Securing the Cities Initiative of the Department
        uses next generation radiation detection technology to detect
        the transport of nuclear and radiological material in urban
        areas by terrorists or other unauthorized individuals.
            ``(2) The technology used by partners in the Securing the
        Cities Initiative leverages Advanced Spectroscopic Portal (ASP)
        technology used at ports of entry.
            ``(3) The Securing the Cities Initiative has fostered
        unprecedented collaboration and coordination among its Federal,
        State, and local partners.
    ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Director of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office
of the Department $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2009 and such sums as may
be necessary for each subsequent fiscal year for the Securing the
Cities Initiative.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents in section 1(b) of
the Homeland Security Act of 2002 is amended by inserting after the
item relating to section 1907 the following new items:

``Sec. 1908. Advanced spectroscopic portal monitors.
``Sec. 1909. Criteria for certification.
``Sec. 1910. Authorization of Securing the Cities Initiative.''.

            Passed the House of Representatives July 30, 2008.

            Attest:

                                            LORRAINE C. MILLER,

                                                                 Clerk.

Output:
Next Generation Radiation Screening Act of 2008 - Amends the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to require: (1) the Director of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office and the Commissioner of Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to enter into an agreement regarding the minimum required functionality for the deployment of Advanced Spectroscopic Portal monitors (ASP) by CBP; and (2) the Secretary of Homeland Security to provide Congress with the signed memorandum of understanding between the Office and CBP.

Directs the Secretary to develop quantitative metrics that demonstrate any significant increased operational effectiveness of deploying ASP in primary and secondary screening sites. Requires such metrics to include: (1) a quantitative definition of "significant increase in operational effectiveness"; (2) all relevant threat materials; (3) all relevant masking scenarios; and (4) cost-benefit analysis in accordance with the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.

Permits the Secretary, in determining whether to certify that ASP shows a significant increase in operational effectiveness, to consider: (1) relevant reports on ASP from the Government Accountability Office (GAO); and (2) assessments of ASP by the Independent Review Team led by the Homeland Security Institute in consultation with the National Archives.

Authorizes appropriations to the Director for FY2009 and for each subsequent fiscal year for the Securing the Cities Initiative.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Federal Employee Commuter Benefits
Act of 2005''.

SEC. 2. TRANSIT PASS TRANSPORTATION FRINGE BENEFITS.

    (a) In General.--Effective as of the first day of the next fiscal
year beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act, each
covered agency shall implement a program under which all qualified
Federal employees serving in or under such agency shall be offered
transit pass transportation fringe benefits, as described in subsection
(b).
    (b) Benefits Described.--The benefits described in this subsection
are the transit pass transportation fringe benefits which, under
section 2 of Executive Order 13150, are required to be offered by
Federal agencies in the National Capital Region on the date of
enactment of this Act.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``covered agency'' means any agency, to the
        extent of its facilities in the National Capital Region;
            (2) the term ``agency'' means any agency (as defined by
        7905(a)(2) of title 5, United States Code), the United States
        Postal Service, the Postal Rate Commission, and the Smithsonian
        Institution;
            (3) the term ``National Capital Region'' includes the
        District of Columbia and every county or other geographic area
        covered by section 2 of Executive Order 13150;
            (4) the term ``Executive Order 13150'' refers to Executive
        Order 13150 (5 U.S.C. 7905 note);
            (5) the term ``Federal agency'' is used in the same way as
        under section 2 of Executive Order 13150; and
            (6) any determination as to whether or not one is a
        ``qualified Federal employee'' shall be made applying the same
        criteria as would apply under section 2 of Executive Order
        13150.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
considered to require that a covered agency--
            (1) terminate any program or benefits in existence on the
        date of the enactment of this Act, or postpone any plans to
        implement (before the effective date referred to in subsection
        (a)) any program or benefits permitted or required under any
        other provision of law; or
            (2) discontinue (on or after the effective date referred to
        in subsection (a)) any program or benefits referred to in
        paragraph (1), so long as such program or benefits satisfy the
        requirements of subsections (a) through (c).

SEC. 3. AUTHORITY TO USE GOVERNMENT VEHICLES TO TRANSPORT FEDERAL
              EMPLOYEES BETWEEN THEIR PLACE OF EMPLOYMENT AND MASS
              TRANSIT FACILITIES.

    (a) In General.--Section 1344 of title 31, United States Code, is
amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (g) and (h) as subsections
        (h) and (i), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g)(1) A passenger carrier may be used to transport an officer or
employee of a Federal agency between the officer's or employee's place
of employment and a mass transit facility (whether or not publicly
owned) in accordance with succeeding provisions of this subsection.
    ``(2) Notwithstanding section 1343, a Federal agency that provides
transportation services under this subsection (including by passenger
carrier) shall absorb the costs of such services using any funds
available to such agency, whether by appropriation or otherwise.
    ``(3) In carrying out this subsection, a Federal agency shall--
            ``(A) to the maximum extent practicable, use alternative
        fuel vehicles to provide transportation services;
            ``(B) to the extent consistent with the purposes of this
        subsection, provide transportation services in a manner that
        does not result in additional gross income for Federal income
        tax purposes; and
            ``(C) coordinate with other Federal agencies to share, and
        otherwise avoid duplication of, transportation services
        provided under this subsection.
    ``(4) For purposes of any determination under chapter 81 of title
5, an individual shall not be considered to be in the `performance of
duty' by virtue of the fact that such individual is receiving
transportation services under this subsection.
    ``(5)(A) The Administrator of General Services, after consultation
with the National Capital Planning Commission and other appropriate
agencies, shall prescribe any regulations necessary to carry out this
subsection.
    ``(B) Transportation services under this subsection shall be
subject neither to the last sentence of subsection (d)(3) nor to any
regulations under the last sentence of subsection (e)(1).
    ``(6) In this subsection, the term `passenger carrier' means a
passenger motor vehicle, aircraft, boat, ship, or other similar means
of transportation that is owned or leased by the United States
Government or the government of the District of Columbia.''.
    (b) Funds for Maintenance, Repair, Etc.--Subsection (a) of section
1344 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end
the following:
    ``(3) For purposes of paragraph (1), the transportation of an
individual between such individual's place of employment and a mass
transit facility pursuant to subsection (g) is transportation for an
official purpose.''.
    (c) Coordination.--The authority to provide transportation services
under section 1344(g) of title 31, United States Code (as amended by
subsection (a)) shall be in addition to any authority otherwise
available to the agency involved.

Output:
Federal Employee Commuter Benefits Act of 2005 - Requires each Federal agency in the National Capital Region to implement a program under which all qualified Federal employees serving in or under such agency shall be offered transit pass transportation fringe benefits as required under Executive Order 13150.

Authorizes the use of a passenger carrier to transport a Federal officer or employee between his or her place of employment and a mass transit facility. Requires a Federal agency that provides such service to: (1) absorb the cost; (2) when possible, use alternative fuel vehicles; and (3) coordinate such transportation with other Federal agencies.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Women's Preventive Health Care Act
of 1997''.

SEC. 2. REQUIRING COVERAGE OF SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY AND PAP SMEARS
              UNDER HEALTH PLANS.

    (a) Group Health Plans.--
            (1) Public health service act amendments.--(A) Subpart 2 of
        part A of title XXVII of the Public Health Service Act, as
        amended by section 703(a) of Public Law 104-204, is amended by
        adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 2706. STANDARDS RELATING TO BENEFITS FOR SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY
              AND PAP SMEARS.

    ``(a) Requirements for Coverage of Screening Mammography and Pap
Smears.--
            ``(1) In general.--A group health plan, and a health
        insurance issuer offering group health insurance coverage,
        shall include (consistent with this section)--
                    ``(A) coverage for screening pap smears, and
                    ``(B) coverage for low-dose screening mammography.
    ``(b) Definitions Relating to Coverage.--In this section:
            ``(1) Low-dose screening mammography.--The term `low-dose
        screening mammography' means a radiologic procedure for the
        early detection of breast cancer provided to an asymptomatic
        women using equipment dedicated specifically for mammography
        and at a facility which meets mammography accreditation
        standards established by the Secretary of Health and Human
        Services for coverage of screening mammography under the
        medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act.
        Such term also includes a physician's interpretation of the
        results of the procedure.
            ``(2) Screening pap smear.--The term `screening pap smear'
        means a diagnostic laboratory test consisting of a routine
        exfoliative cytology test (Papanicolaou test) provided to a
        woman for the purpose of early detection of cervical cancer and
        includes the examination, the laboratory test itself, and a
        physician's interpretation of the results of the test. If the
        Secretary of Health and Human Services establishes qualify
        standards for facilities furnishing screening pap smears, such
        term shall only include a test if the test is performed in a
        facility that has been determined to meet such standards.
    ``(c) Restrictions on Cost-Sharing.--The coverage under this
section shall not provide for the application of deductibles,
coinsurance, or other limitations for low-dose screening mammography or
screening pap smears that are greater than the deductibles,
coinsurance, and limitations that are applied to similar services under
the health insurance coverage or group health plan.
    ``(d) Frequency of Coverage of Screening Mammography.--
            ``(1) In general.--Coverage of low-dose screening
        mammography is consistent with this section only if it is
        provided consistent with the following periodicity schedule:
                    ``(A) Coverage is made available for one baseline
                low-dose screening mammography for any woman between 35
                and 40 years of age.
                    ``(B) Coverage is made available for such
                mammography on an annual basis to any woman who is 50
                years of age or older or who is determined by a
                physician to be at-risk of breast cancer (as defined in
                paragraph (2)).
                    ``(C) Coverage is made available for such
                mammography for a woman at least once every other year.
            ``(2) At-risk of breast cancer.--For purposes of paragraph
        (1)(B), a woman is considered to be `at-risk of breast cancer'
        if any of the following is true:
                    ``(A) The woman has a personal history of breast
                cancer.
                    ``(B) The woman has a personal history of biopsy-
                proven benign breast disease.
                    ``(C) The woman's mother, sister, or daughter has
                or has had breast cancer.
                    ``(D) The woman has not given birth prior to the
                age of 30.
    ``(e) Frequency of Coverage of Screening Pap Smears.--Coverage of
screening pap smears is consistent with this section only if it is
provided not more often than once every year (or more frequently if
recommended by a physician).
    ``(f) Prohibitions.--A group health plan, and a health insurance
issuer offering group health insurance coverage in connection with a
group health plan, may not--
            ``(1) deny to a woman eligibility, or continued
        eligibility, to enroll or to renew coverage under the terms of
        the plan, solely for the purpose of avoiding the requirements
        of this section;
            ``(2) provide monetary payments or rebates to women to
        encourage such women to accept less than the minimum
        protections available under this section;
            ``(3) penalize or otherwise reduce or limit the
        reimbursement of an attending provider because such provider
        provided care to an individual participant or beneficiary in
        accordance with this section; or
            ``(4) provide incentives (monetary or otherwise) to an
        attending provider to induce such provider to provide care to
        an individual participant or beneficiary in a manner
        inconsistent with this section.
    ``(g) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
construed to require a woman who is a participant or beneficiary to
undergo a screening mammograph or screening pap smear.
    ``(h) Notice.--A group health plan under this part shall comply
with the notice requirement under section 713(d) of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 with respect to the requirements
of this section as if such section applied to such plan.
    ``(i) Level and Type of Reimbursements.--Nothing in this section
shall be construed to prevent a group health plan or a health insurance
issuer offering group health insurance coverage from negotiating the
level and type of reimbursement with a provider for care provided in
accordance with this section.
    ``(j) Preemption.--
            ``(1) In general.--The provisions of this section do not
        preempt State law relating to health insurance coverage to the
        extent such State law provides greater protection to women in
        relation to the benefits provided under this section.
            ``(2) Construction.--Section 2723(a)(1) shall not be
        construed as superseding a State law described in paragraph
        (1).''.
            (B) Section 2723(c) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-23(c)), as
        amended by section 604(b)(2) of Public Law 104-204, is amended
        by striking ``section 2704'' and inserting ``sections 2704 and
        2706''.
            (2) ERISA amendments.--(A) Subpart B of part 7 of subtitle
        B of title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
        1974, as amended by section 702(a) of Public Law 104-204, is
        amended by adding at the end the following new section:

``SEC. 713. STANDARDS RELATING TO BENEFITS FOR SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY
              AND PAP SMEARS.

    ``(a) Requirements for Coverage of Screening Mammography and Pap
Smears.--
            ``(1) In general.--A group health plan, and a health
        insurance issuer offering group health insurance coverage,
        shall include (consistent with this section)--
                    ``(A) coverage for screening pap smears, and
                    ``(B) coverage for low-dose screening mammography.
    ``(b) Definitions Relating to Coverage.--In this section:
            ``(1) Low-dose screening mammography.--The term `low-dose
        screening mammography' means a radiologic procedure for the
        early detection of breast cancer provided to an asymptomatic
        women using equipment dedicated specifically for mammography
        and at a facility which meets mammography accreditation
        standards established by the Secretary of Health and Human
        Services for coverage of screening mammography under the
        medicare program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act.
        Such term also includes a physician's interpretation of the
        results of the procedure.
            ``(2) Screening pap smear.--The term `screening pap smear'
        means a diagnostic laboratory test consisting of a routine
        exfoliative cytology test (Papanicolaou test) provided to a
        woman for the purpose of early detection of cervical cancer
and includes the examination, the laboratory test itself, and a
physician's interpretation of the results of the test. If the Secretary
of Health and Human Services establishes qualify standards for
facilities furnishing screening pap smears, such term shall only
include a test if the test is performed in a facility that has been
determined to meet such standards.
    ``(c) Restrictions on Cost-Sharing.--The coverage under this
section shall not provide for the application of deductibles,
coinsurance, or other limitations for low-dose screening mammography or
screening pap smears that are greater than the deductibles,
coinsurance, and limitations that are applied to similar services under
the health insurance coverage or group health plan.
    ``(d) Frequency of Coverage of Screening Mammography.--
            ``(1) In general.--Coverage of low-dose screening
        mammography is consistent with this section only if it is
        provided consistent with the following periodicity schedule:
                    ``(A) Coverage is made available for one baseline
                low-dose screening mammography for any woman between 35
                and 40 years of age.
                    ``(B) Coverage is made available for such
                mammography on an annual basis to any woman who is 50
                years of age or older or who is determined by a
                physician to be at-risk of breast cancer (as defined in
                paragraph (2)).
                    ``(C) Coverage is made available for such
                mammography for a woman at least once every other year.
            ``(2) At-risk of breast cancer.--For purposes of paragraph
        (1)(B), a woman is considered to be `at-risk of breast cancer'
        if any of the following is true:
                    ``(A) The woman has a personal history of breast
                cancer.
                    ``(B) The woman has a personal history of biopsy-
                proven benign breast disease.
                    ``(C) The woman's mother, sister, or daughter has
                or has had breast cancer.
                    ``(D) The woman has not given birth prior to the
                age of 30.
    ``(e) Frequency of Coverage of Screening Pap Smears.--Coverage of
screening pap smears is consistent with this section only if it is
provided not more often than once every year (or more frequently if
recommended by a physician).
    ``(f) Prohibitions.--A group health plan, and a health insurance
issuer offering group health insurance coverage in connection with a
group health plan, may not--
            ``(1) deny to a woman eligibility, or continued
        eligibility, to enroll or to renew coverage under the terms of
        the plan, solely for the purpose of avoiding the requirements
        of this section;
            ``(2) provide monetary payments or rebates to women to
        encourage such women to accept less than the minimum
        protections available under this section;
            ``(3) penalize or otherwise reduce or limit the
        reimbursement of an attending provider because such provider
        provided care to an individual participant or beneficiary in
        accordance with this section; or
            ``(4) provide incentives (monetary or otherwise) to an
        attending provider to induce such provider to provide care to
        an individual participant or beneficiary in a manner
        inconsistent with this section.
    ``(g) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be
construed to require a woman who is a participant or beneficiary to
undergo a screening mammograph or screening pap smear.
    ``(h) Notice Under Group Health Plan.--The imposition of the
requirements of this section shall be treated as a material
modification in the terms of the plan described in section 102(a)(1),
for purposes of assuring notice of such requirements under the plan;
except that the summary description required to be provided under the
last sentence of section 104(b)(1) with respect to such modification
shall be provided by not later than 60 days after the first day of the
first plan year in which such requirements apply.
    ``(i) Level and Type of Reimbursements.--Nothing in this section
shall be construed to prevent a group health plan or a health insurance
issuer offering group health insurance coverage from negotiating the
level and type of reimbursement with a provider for care provided in
accordance with this section.
    ``(j) Preemption.--
            ``(1) In general.--The provisions of this section do not
        preempt State law relating to health insurance coverage to the
        extent such State law provides greater protection to women in
        relation to the benefits provided under this section.
            ``(2) Construction.--Section 731(a)(1) shall not be
        construed as superseding a State law described in paragraph
        (1).''.
            (B) Section 731(c) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 1191(c)), as
        amended by section 603(b)(1) of Public Law 104-204, is amended
        by striking ``section 711'' and inserting ``sections 711 and
        713''.
            (C) Section 732(a) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 1191a(a)), as
        amended by section 603(b)(2) of Public Law 104-204, is amended
        by striking ``section 711'' and inserting ``sections 711 and
        713''.
            (D) The table of contents in section 1 of such Act is
        amended by inserting after the item relating to section 712 the
        following new item:

``Sec. 713. Standards relating to benefits for screening mammography
                            and pap smears.
    (b) Individual Health Insurance.--(1) Part B of title XXVII of the
Public Health Service Act, as amended by section 605(a) of Public Law
104-204, is amended by inserting after section 2751 the following new
section:

``SEC. 2752. STANDARDS RELATING TO BENEFITS FOR SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY
              AND PAP SMEARS.

    ``(a) In General.--The provisions of section 2706 (other than
subsection (h)) shall apply to health insurance coverage offered by a
health insurance issuer in the individual market in the same manner as
it applies to health insurance coverage offered by a health insurance
issuer in connection with a group health plan in the small or large
group market.
    ``(b) Notice.--A health insurance issuer under this part shall
comply with the notice requirement under section 713(h) of the Employee
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 with respect to the requirements
referred to in subsection (a) as if such section applied to such issuer
and such issuer were a group health plan.
    ``(c) Preemption.--
            ``(1) In general.--The provisions of this section do not
        preempt State law relating to health insurance coverage to the
        extent such State law provides greater protection to women in
        relation to the benefits provided under this section.
            ``(2) Construction.--Section 2762(a) shall not be construed
        as superseding a State law described in paragraph (1).''.
    (2) Section 2762(b)(2) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-62(b)(2)), as
added by section 605(b)(3)(B) of Public Law 104-204, is amended by
striking ``section 2751'' and inserting ``sections 2751 and 2752''.
    (c) Effective Dates.--(1) The amendments made by subsection (a)
shall apply with respect to group health plans for plan years beginning
on or after January 1, 1998.
    (2) The amendment made by subsection (b) shall apply with respect
to health insurance coverage offered, sold, issued, renewed, in effect,
or operated in the individual market on or after such date.

Output: Women's Preventive Health Care Act of 1997 - Amends the Public Health Service Act and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 to require a group health plan, and a health insurance issuer offering group coverage, to include coverage for screening pap smears and low-dose screening mammography.  Prohibits cost sharing or other limitations higher than those applied to similar services. Regulates coverage frequency.  Prohibits related enrollment or coverage discrimination, monetary incentives to women, and penalties against or incentives to providers.  Allows State laws providing greater protection to women.  Amends the Public Health Service Act to apply these requirements to health insurance issuers in the individual market.


Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``21st Century Global Health
Technology Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The United States has committed to the United Nations
        Millennium Development Goals of--
                    (A) reducing child mortality;
                    (B) improving maternal health; and
                    (C) combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other
                diseases.
            (2) The goals described in paragraph (1) cannot be reached
        without health technologies and devices to diagnose infectious
        diseases and reduce disease transmission.
            (3) The development, advancement, and introduction of
        affordable and appropriate technologies are essential to
        efforts by the United States to reduce deaths among the world's
        most vulnerable populations, particularly children and women in
        the developing world.
            (4) A recent report by the Institute of Medicine on the
        commitment of the United States to global health--
                    (A) recommends that United States institutions
                share existing knowledge to address prevalent health
                problems in low- and middle-income countries;
                    (B) recommends continued support for partnerships
                between the public and private sectors to develop and
                deliver health products in low- and middle-income
                countries; and
                    (C) urges the United States Government to continue
                its support for innovative research models to address
                unmet health needs in poor countries.
            (5) Investments by the United States in affordable,
        appropriate health technologies, such as medical devices for
        maternal and child care, vaccine delivery tools, safe injection
        devices, diagnostic tests for infectious diseases, and
        innovative disease prevention strategies--
                    (A) reduce the risk of disease transmission; and
                    (B) accelerate access to life-saving global health
                interventions for the world's poor.
            (6) Through a cooperative agreement, known as the
        Technologies for Health program (referred to in this section as
        ``HealthTech''), USAID supports the development of technologies
        that--
                    (A) maximize the limited resources available for
                global health; and
                    (B) ensure that products and medicines developed
                for use in low-resource settings reach the people that
                need such products and medicines.
            (7) The HealthTech cooperative agreement--
                    (A) facilitates public-private collaboration in the
                development of global health technologies;
                    (B) leverages public sector support for early stage
                research and development of health technologies to
                encourage private sector investment in late-stage
                technology development and product introduction in
                developing countries;
                    (C) benefits the United States economy by investing
                in the growing United States global health technology
                sector, which--
                            (i) provides skilled jobs for American
                        workers; and
                            (ii) enhances United States competitiveness
                        in the increasingly technological and
                        knowledge-based global economy; and
                    (D) enhances United States national security by--
                            (i) reducing the risk of pandemic disease;
                        and
                            (ii) contributing to economic development
                        and stability in developing countries.

SEC. 3. PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this Act is to authorize a health technology
development program that supports coordinated, long-term research and
development of appropriate global health technologies--
            (1) to improve global health;
            (2) to reduce maternal and child mortality rates; and
            (3) to reverse the incidence of HIV/AIDS, malaria, and
        other diseases.

SEC. 4. ESTABLISHMENT OF THE HEALTH TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM.

    Section 107 the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151e) is
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Health Technology Program.--(1) There is established in the
United States Agency for International Development (referred to in this
section as `USAID') the Health Technology Program, which shall--
            ``(A) coordinate and lead research and development efforts;
            ``(B) be funded by USAID on a competitive basis; and
            ``(C) serve as a national laboratory and technology
        development program for global health.
    ``(2) The Health Technology Program shall develop, advance, and
introduce affordable, available, and appropriate technologies
specifically designed--
            ``(A) to improve the health and nutrition of developing
        country populations;
            ``(B) to reduce maternal and child mortality; and
            ``(C) to improve the diagnosis, prevention and reduction of
        disease, especially HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and other
        major diseases.
    ``(3) The Health Technology Program shall be located at an
institution with a successful record of--
            ``(A) advancing the technologies described in paragraph
        (2); and
            ``(B) integrating practical field experience into the
        research and development process in order to introduce the most
        appropriate technologies.
    ``(4) The Administrator of USAID, in collaboration with the Health
Technology Program, shall submit an annual report to Congress and all
relevant Federal agencies that describes--
            ``(A) the relevant activities of the Health Technology
        Program that are in the incubation phase;
            ``(B) the progress made on such activities and on other
        projects carried out through the Health Technology Program; and
            ``(C) the outlook for future health technology efforts
        evaluated by the Health Technology Program to have significant
        growth potential.
    ``(5) There are authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for each
of the fiscal years 2010 through 2014 to carry out the Health
Technology Program under this subsection.''.

Output: 21st Century Global Health Technology Act - Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to establish in the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) the Health Technology Program which shall: (1) coordinate and lead research and development efforts; (2) be funded by USAID on a competitive basis; and (3) serve as a national laboratory and technology development program for global health.