Bulgaria's vigilante migrant 'hunter'

Summary: A Bulgarian trader in spare parts for buses has become a national celebrity after starting to patrol the Turkish border "hunting" for migrants. Many Bulgarians applaud his vigilante initiative, though others are deeply troubled.

By Matthew BrunwasserYambol, Bulgaria "Bulgaria needs people like me, dignified Bulgarians, willing to defend their homeland," says Dinko Valev, sipping a fresh-squeezed orange juice in a flashy cafe in his hometown, Yambol, 50km (30 miles) from Bulgaria's border with Turkey. Valev, 29, is a beefy semi-professional wrestler with a shaved head and a brusque manner. His left pectoral is tattooed with a cross the size of a T-bone steak. He became famous overnight last month when national television news carried a report labelling him a "superhero" and detailing a violent encounter with a group of Syrians near the border as he was out riding on his quad bike. The presenter praised Valev for subduing the group of 12 Syrian men, three women and a child "with his bare hands". They can be seen on mobile phone footage filmed by one of Valev's companions, lying on the ground waiting for police to arrive. Valev can be heard insulting the refugees and saying that they came from Syria "to kill us like dogs". "These are disgusting and bad people and they should stay where they are," Valev tells me in the cafe. He estimates that 95% of Bulgarians support him, describing the migrants as dangerous "terrorists, jihadists and Taliban". "Bulgaria is an unfenced yard and is completely disorganised," he says, reflecting a lack of confidence in government that many Bulgarians share. In fact, the Bulgarian government has built a fence along about half of the Turkish border, and is now seeking to lengthen it. Valev has used his new-found fame to call for volunteers to join him on a border patrol. On 12 March, he says, some 50 unarmed people gathered to look for migrants along the forested border, on quad bikes and jeeps. But a large group of border police were waiting when they arrived. According to Valev they were deliberately scaring away migrants to prevent the vigilantes catching any. The time and place of future patrols, he says, will not be publicly announced. Border police spokeswoman Lora Lyubenova says the authorities welcome information from citizens about criminal activity - including illegal border crossings - but that only the police have the authority to detain and arrest people. Last year more than a million people used the "Western Balkan route" to enter the European Union though only 31,000 are known to have entered Bulgaria. Even so, the Bulgarian media is permeated with inflammatory anti-migrant rhetoric. A 2013 study by the Association of European Journalists, a Sofia-based NGO, looked at 8,439 articles about migrants published in the Bulgarian media and found that the two most commonly appearing words were "threat" and "disease." The director of Bulgaria's National History Museum, popular historian Bozhidar Dimitrov, has floated the idea of converting migrants to Christianity, and suggested that Bulgaria accept only women and children. "Public officials openly instil fear and animosity against the refugees, consistently presenting them as a threat to the Bulgarian public," says Margarita Ilieva, head of the legal programme at the Bulgarian Helsinki Committee, a human rights organisation. The Helsinki Committee has asked prosecutors to investigate Valev, pointing out that he bragged on national television about committing half a dozen crimes: assault and battery, making death threats, unlawful detention, inciting ethnic hatred and inciting ethnic violence. For his part, Valev says that he was acting in self-defence after a Syrian man tried to stab him. Several other Syrian men then became aggressive, Valev says, so he then used force to subdue them as well. When Valev was taken in for questioning by police on Friday, a crowd of about 30 protesters gathered outside shouting "Dinko is a hero!" and "We don't want migrants!" Fear of migrants has become a powerful focal point for popular discontent about many unrelated problems, according to Haralan Alexandrov a social anthropologist at the New Bulgarian University, who says Bulgarians are no more or less xenophobic than any other Europeans. Corruption, poverty, disappointment with EU membership, Bulgaria's dysfunctional judicial system and the failure to reform it - all these make Bulgarians angry, he says. "Instead of focusing your anger against the powerful judiciary, it's easier to attack the terrified refugees hiding in the weeds. You sense that something is wrong with the world and somebody must be blamed, so you choose the weaker target," he explains. There is also historical trauma. Bulgaria was part of the Ottoman Empire for some 500 years until 1878, and nationalist propaganda has programmed Bulgarians to view every representative of the Islamic world as a potential rapist and terrorist, Alexandrov says - a perception exacerbated by the recent bombings next door in Turkey. Meanwhile, the failure of European leaders to deal with the migrant crisis is seen as "definitive proof that the European Union is a tired, wrinkled old grandmother who has allowed herself to be groped and raped by lustful and predatory men," he says. One new concern is the possibility that trafficking routes may change as a result of the new agreement between the European Union and Turkey on returning asylum-seekers. Last week Prime Minister Boyko Borisov said the government remained ready to erect a fence along Bulgaria's border with Greece too, if it proved necessary. Meanwhile, the mayor of Topolovgrad, between Yambol and the Turkish border, has made headlines by asking the defence ministry for military equipment to set up a local volunteer emergency response force, in case the flow of migrants escalates - an armoured personnel carrier, an armoured reconnaissance vehicle, two flatbed military trucks, 30 AK-47 rifles, uniforms, combat boots and tents. He said some 200 local men had already volunteered. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

बसों के स्पेयर पार्ट्स में एक बल्गेरियाई व्यापारी प्रवासियों के लिए तुर्की सीमा पर "शिकार" करने के लिए गश्त करना शुरू करने के बाद एक राष्ट्रीय सेलिब्रिटी बन गया है। कई बुल्गारियाई उनकी सतर्कता पहल की सराहना करते हैं, हालांकि अन्य लोग बहुत परेशान हैं।


More police time to quiz Rhyl murder conspiracy suspects

Summary: Police have been granted more time to question four men arrested on suspicion of conspiracy to murder and possession of a firearm.

The men were arrested following an "incident" in Wellington Road, Rhyl, Denbighshire, on Monday. Armed officers were called in but North Wales Police has given no further details. It had denied rumours on social media there had been a shooting. Magistrates have given the force another 36 hours to question the men. Det Insp Chris Bell said: "I would like to reassure the public that we have a team of dedicated specialist officers diligently working on this."

हत्या की साजिश रचने और बंदूक रखने के संदेह में गिरफ्तार किए गए चार लोगों से पूछताछ करने के लिए पुलिस को और समय दिया गया है।


Cancer drugs row: A sign of things to come?

Summary: There is a real sense of sadness - and anger for that matter - that the new breast cancer drug Kadcyla looks unlikely to be made routinely available on the NHS, something that is obvious from the bitter language being used by both sides.

Nick TriggleHealth correspondent The decision by England's official NHS advisory body, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), to reject Kadcyla prompted manufacturers Roche to claim the system was "broken". NICE - not known for its strong use of language - responded by saying it was "really disappointed" in the approach taken by the drugs firm. At the heart of this dispute is price. While the drugs are not a cure, they are effective at giving women with an aggressive form of the disease an average of six months of extra life expectancy. But the drugs do not come cheap. A course of treatment costs £90,000 - more than five times what NICE would normally sanction. When the row erupted in April after the watchdog first took a look at the drug, the two sides agreed to keep talking. Cost-effectiveness Several discussions were held during which NICE took the fairly unusual step for a breast cancer treatment of agreeing to consider Kadcyla as an end-of-life therapy. This meant NICE could sanction spending twice what it was originally proposing to do. But this still wasn't enough. Officials at Roche told me that they were willing to come down on price "significantly", but that there was a limit to this considering other European countries, including Sweden, Switzerland, Denmark and Austria had agreed to pay the full price. Comparisons between health systems are hard as the NHS is pretty unique in terms of how it is funded - and in terms of cost-effectiveness it is often lauded as among the best in the world. But the case of Kadcyla does raise some interesting questions for cancer treatment. In recent years NICE has become less likely to approve cancer drugs. Since 2012, there have been 14 treatments given the green light and 22 blocked - a rejection rate of 61%. That compares to 48 rejections out of 148 appraisals since NICE started doing looking at drugs for the NHS in 2000 - a rejection rate of 32%. There are two schools of thought about why this is. One is that as medicine has developed - particularly for this disease which has attracted a lot of funding over the years - it has become more and more difficult to produce new drugs that represent a significant improvement on what is already available. The other - and as you would expect it is one being put strongly by the drugs industry - is that the way NICE assesses drugs is out-of-kilter with modern medicine. It is a debate that looks set to run and run.

दुख की एक वास्तविक भावना है-और उस मामले के लिए गुस्सा-कि नई स्तन कैंसर दवा कैडसीला को एन. एच. एस. पर नियमित रूप से उपलब्ध कराए जाने की संभावना नहीं है, कुछ ऐसा जो दोनों पक्षों द्वारा उपयोग की जा रही कड़वी भाषा से स्पष्ट है।


Light aircraft crash-lands at Beccles Airfield

Summary: A pilot and passenger escaped unharmed when a light aircraft flipped over after landing at an airfield in Suffolk.

Emergency services were called to Beccles Airfield, in Ellough, at about 13:30 BST. Suffolk fire service said it received reports a "single-engine light aircraft had crash-landed". Beccles Airfield was built during World War Two for the US Army Air Forces and has its original concrete runway.

सफोक में एक हवाई क्षेत्र में उतरने के बाद एक हल्का विमान पलट जाने से एक पायलट और यात्री बाल-बाल बच गए।


Sex, violence and religion: The films banned by councils

Summary: Monty Python's Life of Brian has finally had its first public screening in Bournemouth after almost 35 years of being banned in the town. But it's not the only film to suffer the shackles of local censorship.

By Lauren PottsBBC News While many councils have always accepted the ratings doled out by the British Board of Film Censors (BBFC), many more have taken it upon themselves to review films given an X-rating before giving permission for them to be shown in their towns and villages. Historian Mike Hally, author of A Historical Account of "The Naughty Pictures Committees" in Sale and Manchester, said local authorities in the 1950s and 60s were trying to stem "the tide of filth" appearing on the silver screen. "A Taste of Honey was X-rated when it was released (in 1961) and it was the kind of film that would have been banned by local councils," he said. "'Rock and roll films' like The Wild One were also banned because of the growing concern about what they were showing - unruly teens smoking, or doing drugs; the sort of teenage behaviour that was new to Britain at the time. "It was a kind of social control." Somewhat surprisingly - given the film's themes of teenage pregnancy, sexual orientation, class, race and gender - Sale Borough Council gave permission to show Shelagh Delaney's kitchen sink drama at the town's Odeon cinema. But it was commonplace for councils to impose outright bans on films seen to overstep the boundaries of taste and decency. Sian Barber, author of Censoring the 1970s: The BBFC and the Decade that Taste Forgot, said certain types of films were often in the firing line. "A lot of films ran into problems in the 1970s and they were all banned for the same reasons - anything of a sexual nature or with religious motifs," she said. "They were deemed to be excessive and super-violent and the combination of sex and violence was a very hot topic. It was a real touch paper issue for local authorities." Ken Russell's The Devils, released in 1971, was given an X rating by the BBFC but banned on by 17 local authorities, including Surrey, Blackpool, Sevenoaks, Plymouth and Nottingham. In Tunbridge Wells, the film was in the middle of its run when it was subject to pickets from local church bodies and, despite a petition signed by 2,500 people in support of the film, the decision was made to cease screenings. Julian Petley, author of Witch-hunt: The Word, the Press and The Devils, said hostile press coverage of the film, which labelled it "perverted" and "sadistic", aided local censorship. "It is impossible to escape the conclusion that certain national newspapers, and certain critics who wrote for them, were accessories to the censorship of The Devils, particularly at the local level," he said. By the end of the decade The Devils was joined on cinema's naughty step by a slew of now famous titles, including Straw Dogs (1971), The Exorcist (1973) and Last Tango in Paris (1972), which was banned by 50 councils. The fad for local censorship began to wane towards the end of the decade, but a number of notable films were still subject to local censorship, including Monty Python's Life of Brian, released in 1979. "Life of Brian was interesting because it's not a horror, it's a comedy. But it was about religion and a lot of councils either didn't find it funny or didn't think it was appropriate," said Dr Barber. "But certainly towards the end of the 1970s, there was an uproar with people saying 'how dare you make that decision for us?'" Religion, sex and violence continued to touch a nerve during the 1980s and 1990s, though much less frequently. The Last Temptation of Christ caused a ruckus in 1988 for its portrayal of the messiah, while David Cronenberg's X-rated psychological thriller Crash caused a furore in 1996 over its eroticism of road accidents. Westminster Council refused to show it at any of the borough's cinemas in light of a media onslaught that saw the film described as "beyond the bounds of depravity". But the move was farcically undermined by the fact film fans could watch it in nearby Camden. David Butler, film lecturer at the University of Manchester, said: "It resulted in the rather silly situation of people being able to just walk around the corner to see the film in the neighbouring council. "Plenty of other London boroughs were fine with the movie, just not the West End." Though countless councils have flexed their censorship muscle to stop films from being shown, there have been a handful of cases where they have in fact done the opposite and relaxed the rules. Spider-Man had its 12 certificate downgraded to PG by councillors in Tameside, Great Yarmouth, Breckland and North Norfolk in 2002 amid public pressure. But children in other areas were left disappointed when a number of authorities decided to stick to the BBFC's recommended classification, including Cambridge, Reading and Wokingham councils. The uproar led to the BBFC revising the film's rating and introducing the 12A category, meaning under-12s could watch the film if accompanied by an adult. The potential for debate also gives hope to those films that were originally passed over not by councils, but the censor. Lois Weber's Hypocrites was denied a rating by the BBFC in 1915 because it featured full frontal female nudity - shocking scenes for viewers a century ago. But after 100 years of relative obscurity, the film has finally been shown in Ipswich after Suffolk Silents Society successfully lobbied the borough council for a 12A certification. Sarah Wright, treasurer of the society, told the East Anglian Daily Times the decision to ban the film in the UK was "extremely ironic" because it tells the tale of people moralising about the naked female form. "The nudity is very tame by modern standards," she added.

शहर में लगभग 35 वर्षों के प्रतिबंध के बाद मोंटी पायथन की लाइफ ऑफ ब्रायन की आखिरकार बोर्नमाउथ में पहली सार्वजनिक स्क्रीनिंग हुई है। लेकिन यह स्थानीय सेंसरशिप की बेड़ियों का सामना करने वाली एकमात्र फिल्म नहीं है।


Christmas Day 'incident' at Cardiff prison

Summary: Officers at Cardiff prison had to resolve a Christmas Day disturbance, the Ministry of Justice has confirmed.

No staff or prisoners were injured in the "isolated incident" which lasted for about 40 minutes on one wing at HMP Cardiff at 10:00 GMT on Sunday. "We do not tolerate this behaviour," said an MOJ statement. Last week, four prisoners barricaded themselves into a cell at Cardiff prison in protest of being moved after riots in Birmingham. No exact details of the latest disturbance have been given. The MOJ said: "Prisoners who behave in this way will be punished and could spend significantly longer behind bars."

न्याय मंत्रालय ने पुष्टि की है कि कार्डिफ जेल के अधिकारियों को क्रिसमस के दिन की गड़बड़ी को हल करना पड़ा।


Gaping holes in UK's handling of threat from Russia

Summary: If you do not seek, you do not find.

Laura KuenssbergPolitical editor@bbclaurakon Twitter Whether deliberate or deficient, the Intelligence and Security Committee's very long-awaited report outlines gaping holes in the UK's handling of the threat from Russia. For years, it seems a lack of priority, and a lack of curiosity, allowed the risks to go unmonitored, if not unchecked. The UK government has now stiffened its attitude to Vladimir Putin's Russia. But it's been an uncomfortable evolution for Tory politicians. It's not just that party money men needed finance - receiving breath-taking donations from Russians who moved here, and became UK citizens over the years. But for a long time in Westminster there was also an optimism that despite Russia's many problems, Mr Putin was a reformer, that there was scope and desire to reset the relationship, despite the many tensions. Back in 2000, not long after Mr Putin's election, Tony Blair invited him to the UK, hailing him at a press conference as a leader who "talks our language of reform". David Cameron flew to Moscow in 2011 to try to call for cooperation. Boris Johnson, when foreign secretary, repeated the trip: trying, and then failing, to reset the relationship - something that he now describes as a mistake. We can't yet know what kind of change this report will prompt. The government has no desire to unpick what Russia might have tried to do during the EU referendum. But its political opponents are unlikely to rapidly give up their demand for the intelligence services to find out what did happen. Given their activities in other campaigns, it seems highly unlikely that there was no attempt at meddling. As we talked about last week, there is evidence that some Kremlin-friendly media circulated anti-EU sentiment. And calls to get to the bottom of what happened are likely to intensify, even though the government shows no intention whatsoever of doing so. If attempts at meddling were proven, the precise consequence of those efforts could then be hard to prove. More broadly, however, the report is an important punctuation in political attitudes to Russia here. In an echo of the UK's evolving attitude to China, the ambition of successive governments was to be disappointed by a continued, more brazen hostility. Perhaps the UK's political aspiration for a better relationship dulled the radar for malign behaviour. Neither Russia, and certainly not China, can be ignored. But many UK politicians held what seem now terribly misplaced hopes that old enemies could become new friends.

यदि आप खोज नहीं करते हैं, तो आप नहीं पाते हैं।


Newquay attack: Man charged with assault of police officer

Summary: A man has appeared in court charged with assaulting a police officer who sustained severe burns in Cornwall.

Blagovest Hadjigueorguiev, 30, faces charges of arson with intent, GBH with intent against a police officer, and attempted GBH with intent. PC Darral Mares was airlifted to Royal Cornwall Hospital from Trevenson Road, Newquay, on Friday. Mr Hadjigueorguiev, of no fixed address, did not enter a plea at Truro Magistrates' Court. He was remanded in custody and is due to appear at Truro Crown Court on 13 October. The 51-year-old officer is said to be in a "stable condition" at Derriford Hospital.

कॉर्नवॉल में गंभीर रूप से जलने वाले एक पुलिस अधिकारी पर हमला करने के आरोप में एक व्यक्ति अदालत में पेश हुआ है।


Swedish sheep breaches royal protocol

Summary: The Swedish army has re-raised a regiment on the island of Gotland to counter any Russia threat from across the Baltic Sea, but during the official ceremony, its new sheep mascot stole the show by interrupting King Carl XVI Gustaf as he addressed the troops.

By News from Elsewhere......as found by BBC Monitoring The P18 Gotland Regiment was disbanded in 2005, but the government decided to re-establish it in 2015. One task was to recruit a local sheep to follow in the hoof-prints of the four previous mascots, all called Harald, Swedish public radio reports. Harald I served from 1979 to 1988, rising to the rank of honorary corporal before retiring, according to the local Helagotland news site. And the latest Harald was chosen from a highly competitive field, as the regiment's commander Mattias Ardin reported on Twitter. All the Haralds have been Gotland sheep, a breed descended from the vädur - a "symbol for both Gotland and the regiment", regimental chief of staff Hans Håkansson told Swedish radio. The ancient breed is famous for both males and females with dramatic curled horns. They have featured on regimental standards since 1811, and still appear on the sleeve insignia to this today, Harald V and Carl XVI Gustaf But the latest incarnation broke with protocol when he interrupted the King at the re-dedication ceremony on Gotland this week. Carl XVI Gustaf had called on the soldiers and their co-workers "to always to do your best to protect the core values upon which the Swedish nation and its armed forces rest", prompting an emphatic bleat, perhaps of approval, from the new mascot at the word "co-workers", Swedish radio reports. The news prompted fond memories of previous mascots, and confidence in the martial prowess of the latest. "Wasn't it Harald II who gouged out the side door of a van during the guards ceremony at Stockholm Castle in order to take a look around?" wondered Twitter user Bosse Bil. While Lennart Andersson took one look at Harald's horns, and decided "That's the real deal. If the Russians get that in the chops, it's good night." Reporting by Matilda Welin Next story: Moscow stations get World Cup selfie spots Use #NewsfromElsewhere to stay up-to-date with our reports via Twitter.

स्वीडिश सेना ने बाल्टिक सागर के पार से रूस के किसी भी खतरे का मुकाबला करने के लिए गॉटलैंड द्वीप पर एक रेजिमेंट को फिर से खड़ा किया है, लेकिन आधिकारिक समारोह के दौरान, इसके नए भेड़ शुभंकर ने राजा कार्ल XVI गुस्ताफ को बाधित करके शो को चुरा लिया क्योंकि उन्होंने सैनिकों को संबोधित किया था।


The unbearable sadness of the Welsh valleys

Summary: Many parts of the UK have suffered from the decline of heavy industry, but the Welsh valleys are a grim emblem of the despair that lack of work can create, writes Mark Easton for The Editors, a programme which sets out to ask challenging questions.

Mark EastonHome editor@BBCMarkEastonon Twitter It is a journey I have been meaning to make for years. To Blaenau Gwent in the valleys of South Wales. To proud old colliery towns like Cwm, stretched out along the River Ebbw. From the window of the bus snaking up the valley road, one is struck by how the rich joyous beauty of the landscape contrasts with the poverty and melancholy of the people who scratch out a living in these parts. The numbers tell a long and sad story of decline. "We are top of every league you don't want to be top of," a man tells me. Poverty, sickness, worklessness - Blaenau's name is always among the worst. The main street in Cwm is arrow straight. At one end is a chapel, now closed and daubed with crude graffiti. Many of the people of Blaenau appear to have given up on God. A decade ago less than a quarter of people here said they had no religion - now the census shows it is over 40%. At the other end of the street is a vast flat space - empty, save for two iron wheels buried in the ground. Even weeds don't grow here. A century ago, 2,400 men worked at the Marine Colliery. The miners and their families had come to the valleys from hundreds of miles around - some had literally walked to the valleys, drawn by the prospect of employment. All that remains are silent industrial gravestones. Among the terraces that once housed the workers are numerous boarded up shops and clubs. The town, like the mine, feels abandoned. The story of Cwm is the story of these valleys. When the site of the former Ebbw Vale Steel Iron and Coal company was finally flattened in 2002, the reason communities settled here was extinguished. And no-one has ever come up with a viable Plan B. Politicians of many different stripes have held out the prospect of regeneration and transformation over the decades. But the promises have too often proved to be empty. "They kick us and then they kick us again," a local despairs. Take the town of Blaina - a once thriving industrial community, now dying. "If it's not closing down, it's already closed," says Anita Banks, a local councillor. She shows me the Blaina Action Plan, agreed a couple of years ago after a long consultation. It is full of high priority schemes to improve the town, but a walk down the High Street reveals that almost nothing has happened. The county council tells me funding has still to be agreed. One of the plan's urgent priorities was "to create artwork on hoardings to brighten up boarded shops". A metaphor perhaps. And even that hasn't been done. There have been many grand schemes for the county and millions have been spent on new roads and other infrastructure projects. But the one vital ingredient, the single commodity the people need more than anything else, has failed to materialise. Work. "The jobs simply aren't here," says a man nursing a pint in an almost deserted working men's club. "But try telling that to the people at the top and they just don't want to know," he concludes bitterly. A quarter of working-age adults are on benefits - male unemployment is more than double the British average. Among the economically inactive, the students and the homemakers and the sick, a far higher proportion in Blaenau Gwent say they would like employment than across the country as a whole. These communities are desperate for work. Official figures show that last year more than 8,000 people wanted a job. But there were just 300 vacancies. And most of those were low wage temporary positions. The Blaenau Gwent Regeneration Programme was published in 2002 after the closure of the steelworks in Ebbw Vale with much fanfare and razzamatazz. But more than a decade later and the targets on jobs and skills still remain unfulfilled. Indeed, just a few weeks ago the Wales Audit Office ranked Blaenau Gwent the least attractive place in the UK for inward investment. There is a new hospital and a college on the giant scar that was the steel complex in Ebbw Vale. A new leisure centre is almost complete. But where once 14,000 men earned their living each day, precious few actual jobs have been created. These are communities marooned when the economic tide went out. Good people have tried to rescue them. The Ebbw Vale Development Trust has offered "economic and social regeneration". But the organisation has itself recently gone out of business. A number of people were made redundant at short notice. A local employment scheme called JobMatch was hailed as the new hope for the valleys only a couple of years ago. But this JobMatch, it turns out, is now also out of a job. "Why don't you leave?" I ask some unemployed men in their 50s. "Because we are valley boys," comes the reply. "This is home." The green, green grass… And where would they go? Often with few if any qualifications and no savings, the idea of leaving family and friends for somewhere unknown, without a place to live and no guarantee of employment, does look ill-advised. Resilience is failing. There are fewer than 60,000 adults in Blaenau Gwent. Each month almost 10,000 prescriptions are issued for anti-depressants. It is a statistic so shocking it is hard to comprehend. At a drop-in centre run by the mental health charity Mind in Brynmawr, I meet Bev. She has been on anti-depressants for 15 years. "I can come here for a cry," she tells me. Janice first started taking pills for her nerves almost 40 years ago. "When you haven't got the money to go out and even if you could you haven't got the bus fare to go anywhere, the depression sets in," she says. The suicide rate in Wales increased by 30% between 2009 and 2011. The further you go up the valley, the poorer and more isolated people become. Waundeg is at the very top. There are no shops in Waundeg and the bus to town stops at 6pm. There are children who've never been more than a mile or two from their front door. When I ask how many youngsters go to university from the estate, Diane tells me that she remembers someone going to college to do hairdressing. "No, I can't think of anyone who has been to university," she tells me. Diane has lived in Waundeg for more than half a century. Poverty is endemic. One nearby school keeps a box of shoes for children who arrive without anything suitable on their feet. When a charity van delivers food boxes, people rush from their houses. "They hear the van and they all come out," Ceri tells me, surrounded by piles of donated food aid. "All this will be gone in an hour." The boxes contain cereals, biscuits and baby food. "Some of the adults eat the baby food when it gets really tough," Ceri confides. "Two please!" says Ray, in the queue for a box. "One for me and one for my brother." "Do you really need these?" I ask. "I couldn't get by without them," he says. It is the women of Waundeg who are fighting back. They have managed to secure an empty house as a community centre and are doing what they can to counter the deprivation. "Quite a few of the kids were telling us they were just having bread and jam when they got home from school," Diane says. "So we set up a grub club to give them a hot meal." The centre is overflowing with young children and community spirit. But one cannot help but feeling it as a fight against the odds. In one room at the centre there is a bank of computers, donated by a project a few years ago. The idea was to give schoolchildren and their families vital access to the web. But the computers are no longer connected to the internet. The money ran out 18 months ago. Above Waundeg, on the moorland that borders the Brecon Beacons, is the site of what is being described as "the last hope for the valleys". The idea is to build a racetrack - the Circuit of Wales - creating thousands of jobs. Planning permission for the project may be given in the next few weeks - but people are trying not to get too excited. They remember the big electronics factory scheme that promised 6,000 jobs a few years ago. Today the complex employs 38 people - and half of those are security guards. They remember the countless projects and initiatives that came and then went. The action plans with no action. I fear they are close to exhausting the once thick seams of hope that supported these beautiful valleys. BBC News: The Editors features the BBC's on-air specialists asking questions which reveal deeper truths about their areas of expertise. Catch up on BBC iPlayer or BBC World News.

ब्रिटेन के कई हिस्सों को भारी उद्योग की गिरावट का सामना करना पड़ा है, लेकिन वेल्श घाटियां उस निराशा का एक गंभीर प्रतीक हैं जो काम की कमी पैदा कर सकती है, मार्क ईस्टन द एडिटर्स के लिए लिखते हैं, एक कार्यक्रम जो चुनौतीपूर्ण प्रश्न पूछने के लिए निकलता है।


Coronavirus: What can you do in Scotland from Friday?

Summary: After almost 10 weeks of lockdown, some restrictions are due to be eased. Families and friends will be able to reunite (outdoors and at a distance), people will be able to play some sports and visit garden centres, and councils are due to reopen their recycling centres.

But with Nicola Sturgeon still urging people to "stay at home" as much as possible to contain the spread of the virus, life will remain far from normal. So what exactly can people in Scotland do from Friday? Seeing family and friends Expect a lot of socially-distanced picnics and barbecues this weekend. From Friday, one household can meet up with another household - as long as they are outside in areas like a park or a private garden. Despite weeks apart, they must resist the urge to hug each other as each family must remain two metres (6ft) from each other. Hand-washing and hygiene should also be a priority and people should avoid touching hard surfaces like gates, walls, fences and park benches. In total, the group meeting up should be no larger than eight - so two families-of-four can meet in the park but two households of five cannot. They are being asked to limit their meetings to one household per day, not meeting several families on the same day. And if they are planning to share a barbecue, each household should bring their own food, cutlery and crockery. People will also need to think about the distance they are travelling to meet family and friends. The guidance says we should not go inside other people's homes - so if your destination is so far away that you will need to use someone else's bathroom, you should not go. Having fun outside With a warm weekend forecast, the first minister has given the green light to more outdoor recreation. From Friday, people will be allowed to sunbathe and sit in parks and open areas. They will be permitted to travel locally - by walking or cycling - for recreation, but the government's "strong advice" is that they should not go any further than five miles. Ms Sturgeon said she did not want large numbers of people at tourist hotspots or local beauty spots. "If you go somewhere and find it crowded, change your plans, use your judgement and go somewhere else," she said. However, people will also be able to get back to playing on golf courses, as restrictions are lifted on non-contact sports. Other sports which will be allowed include: The Scottish government says it is not an exhaustive list but people must use their own judgement and maintain physical distancing. One-on-one personal training and coaching is also permitted if it is outside and they can keep apart. Garden centres and other businesses Businesses like pubs, cinemas, theatres, hairdressers and clothing stores must remain closed during phase one of the lockdown easing. However, garden centres and plant nurseries will be able to open their doors from Friday, as long as they have distancing measures in place. The construction industry will be able to start preparing their sites for reopening in the future. And the government said it would no longer be discouraging drive-through food outlets from re-opening. Businesses which are not obliged by law to remain closed must ensure their employees can remain two metres from each other. Household waste recycling centres will also be allowed to re-open from Monday.

लगभग 10 सप्ताह के लॉकडाउन के बाद, कुछ प्रतिबंधों में ढील दी जानी है। परिवार और दोस्त फिर से मिल सकेंगे (बाहर और कुछ दूरी पर), लोग कुछ खेल खेल सकेंगे और उद्यान केंद्रों पर जा सकेंगे, और परिषदें अपने पुनर्चक्रण केंद्रों को फिर से खोलने वाली हैं।


Courts back Bogollagama crossing

Summary: Sri Lanka's Supreme Court (SC) on Tuesday ruled that the United National Party's (UNP) decision to sack minister Rohitha Bogollagama from the party and hence to dismiss him from the parliament illegal.

The SC ruled the UNP's decision null and void as Bogollagama's party membership was suspended without a disciplinary hearing. Minister Bogollagama, crossed over to United Peoples' Freedom Alliance (UPFA) in November to be given the ministerial portfolio of advanced technology and national enterprise development by President Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunge . Lawyers representing the UNP argued that there was no need for a disciplinary hearing as the minister has seriously breached the party's constitution by joining the UPFA government. But the SC said if the party's constitution provides powers to dismiss its members without a fair hearing, it seriously breaches Sri Lanka's constitution. Rohitha Bogollagama is the only UNP parliamentarian to hold a UPFA portfolio.

श्रीलंका के सर्वोच्च न्यायालय (एससी) ने मंगलवार को फैसला सुनाया कि यूनाइटेड नेशनल पार्टी (यूएनपी) का मंत्री रोहित बोगोल्लागामा को पार्टी से बर्खास्त करने का निर्णय और इसलिए उन्हें संसद से बर्खास्त करना अवैध है।


Guernsey's seabirds ringed to help research

Summary: Research into Guernsey's gull population has been boosted by the ringing of more than 1,000 birds.

Guernsey's seabird monitoring team are studying three types of gull that nest and breed in the Bailiwick. Paul Veron, who is leading the research project, said the importance of the ringing could not be over-emphasised. He said the Bailwick's nesting gulls had done well over the past four decades, but there were signs that some populations were in decline. Around the BBC Tracking the gulls

1, 000 से अधिक पक्षियों के बजने से ग्वेर्नसे की गुल आबादी पर शोध को बढ़ावा मिला है।


New research considers 'growing' drones

Summary: Can you chemically "grow" a military drone?

By Jonathan BealeDefence correspondent, BBC News It sounds like an idea for a science fiction film, but here in the UK scientists and engineers are spending time and money to see if they can do exactly that. British warplanes are already flying with parts made from a 3D printer. Researchers are already using that same technology to build drones. The military advantage is obvious - building equipment quickly and close to the battlefield - without long waits and long supply chains - gives you an enormous advantage over any enemy. Chemical reactions But the latest innovation being developed by Prof Lee Cronin at Glasgow University takes 3D printing to another level. With industrial advice from BAE Systems, he is developing something called a "chemputer" which, in theory, would be able to "grow" small scale unmanned aircraft, or drones in a laboratory. While a 3D printer physically makes the parts for a machine, the "chemputer" speeds up the chemical reactions from the molecular level. Such a breakthrough could mean it would take weeks rather than months or years to build an aircraft from scratch. An animated video of what it might be like is almost a scene out of Star Wars "Attack of the Clones". Prof Cronin admits that creating even small aircraft out of chemicals "would be very challenging". But he says that by developing an autonomous digital synthesis engine they will be able to assemble "complex objects with minimal human assistance". At least at some point in the future. That still seems a long way off. But another innovation may be much nearer. High speed aircraft A small British company, Reaction Engines Limited, is already developing a rocket that could one day fly at hypersonic speeds. Hypersonic speed is roughly defined as Mach 5 and above (Mach 1 is about 760mph). BAE Systems has already invested more than £20m in the project. It sees the potential for developing military aircraft that could reach a target much faster than any jet. Flying at high speed and high altitude in space, it could also avoid air defence systems and anti-aircraft missiles. BAE System has produced an animation that shows such an aircraft delivering swift support to special forces troops thousands of miles away. Rather than bombs, the rocket releases small surveillance drones. But it is clear the defence industry is already looking at their potential use on the battlefield. The advance for commercial flight too is pretty obvious, slashing the time to cross the Atlantic. Before dismissing such ideas as the stuff of nonsense, it is always worth remembering the speed of change. 3D printers are being used widely by the military. I was recently on board a US Navy aircraft carrier which has its own 3D printer. Armed forces across the world are also relying much more on unmanned land, air and underwater vehicles that can work remotely. The US Air Force now trains more drone operators than fighter pilots. In fact its newest aircraft - the F35 - has been called the last manned fighter. As Prof Nick Colosimo of BAE Systems notes, "the world of military and civil aircraft is constantly evolving".

क्या आप रासायनिक रूप से एक सैन्य ड्रोन "विकसित" कर सकते हैं?


Ipswich teenager bailed over Dean Stansby killing

Summary: A teenager arrested on suspicion of murder has been bailed pending further police inquiries.

The 16-year-old boy from Ipswich was taken in for questioning on Friday and has been bailed to appear before police in April. Dean Stansby, 41, died after being stabbed in the abdomen near Ancaster Road, Ipswich, on Wednesday. A 39-year-old man who was wanted on recall to prison was bailed until May in connection with the alleged murder. Suffolk Police said the convict had been returned to jail.

हत्या के संदेह में गिरफ्तार एक किशोर को आगे की पुलिस पूछताछ के लिए जमानत दे दी गई है।


Three bailed over North Yorkshire market town body find

Summary: Three people arrested after the discovery of a body in a market town have been released on bail, police have said.

Officers found "the remains of an adult body" after they were called to Bondgate in Helmsley, North Yorkshire, at about 18:00 BST on Tuesday. North Yorkshire Police said the death was being treated as unexplained. A 75-year-old woman, a 46-year-old man and a 51-year-old woman were arrested in connection with the death. More Yorkshire stories Related Internet Links North Yorkshire Police

पुलिस ने कहा है कि एक बाजार शहर में एक शव मिलने के बाद गिरफ्तार किए गए तीन लोगों को जमानत पर रिहा कर दिया गया है।


A Snapchat journey in the Philippines

Summary: Election fever has hit the Philippines, set to vote in a new leader next week. Heather Chen, the BBC's social media producer in Asia, is in the capital, Manila, and providing daily updates on Snapchat to cover the psychedelic sights and other election highlights. Follow BBC News on Snapchat: bbcnews.

From the incredible heat to rainbow jeepneys on chaotic roads, even cute Askals - that's the local term for street dogs who roam the roads everywhere you turn - there is always something in Manila to be snapped. I'll be giving a glimpse of what is catching my eye as the country gears up for the 9 May general election. I couldn't resist snapping a token plane wing picture as we circled above Manila's Ninoy Aquino Airport. I finally found a legit use for that Snapchat speed filter! Are you keeping up with the 2016 Philippine election? It is a lot less painful and more fun than it is to keep up with the Kardashians. For starters, the name of the leading yet controversial presidential candidate Rodrigo Duterte is everywhere, on rubber wrist bands and even car decals. You just can't escape him. The other presidential candidates - Grace Poe, Miriam Santiago Mar Roxas, Jejomar Binay - also have very loyal followings. Who will lead the Philippines? But before I even got to the Philippines, there was Mr Duterte election paraphernalia. "He speaks his mind, that's why we Filipinos lean towards him - we want someone to fight against empty promises and corruption," said Jay, an electronics salesman proudly showing off his red and blue rubber wristband before flying to Manila from Singapore. And touching down in Manila, Mr Duterte's name is everywhere. Getting a taste of life for Manila natives, whiling away their time in a jam from the airport into Makati city, I spotted two vehicles sporting Duterte car decals. It's a sign he is set for the presidency," said driver Raymond, with a laugh. "He's already with us in everyday life - our traffic jams. One with the people." We will of course be looking out for every kind of supporter and voter over the next week.

चुनाव बुखार ने फिलीपींस को प्रभावित किया है, जो अगले सप्ताह एक नए नेता के लिए मतदान करने के लिए तैयार है। हीदर चेन, एशिया में बी. बी. सी. की सोशल मीडिया निर्माता, राजधानी मनीला में है और मनोविकृत दृश्यों और अन्य चुनावी हाइलाइट्स को कवर करने के लिए स्नैपचैट पर दैनिक अपडेट प्रदान कर रही है। स्नैपचैटः बी. बी. सी. न्यूज़ पर बी. बी. सी. न्यूज़ को फॉलो करें।


David Attenborough won't return to Instagram

Summary: He's quested for dragons and hung with gorillas.

But it seems Sir David Attenborough has finally met a creature he can't make friends with - social media. In an interview with BBC Radio 1, Sir David revealed he won't be returning to Instagram, after quitting back in November. "I've got enough problems with the post!" he told Greg James on the breakfast show. But as brief forays into the social world go, it was a pretty impressive one. Sir David swiftly broke records when he joined Insta last year. "I was persuaded … to do a message about conservation," he explained to Greg. "So for a limited period of time I did contribute to Instagram, but I'm off now. And I don't intend to go back." If any fans do want to contact the broadcasting legend, sliding into his DMs is not an option. He revealed he's keeping his contact preferences old school. "I get about 70 letters a day!" And will he reply if people slide into his actual letterbox? "If you enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope - I'd be delighted!" It wasn't just Greg James asking the questions. Year Five student Harry was also on hand via video call to quiz Sir David. First question - what's the scariest animal you've ever encountered? Being charged by an elephant, was the reply. "They come running at you at the speed of a motor car, ears flapping and trunk up." "But of course, people who are experts in these things know perfectly well that elephants make dummy charges. And that was a dummy charge, just saying 'don't get any nearer'. And I didn't!" As you'd expect there was also some advice on combatting the climate emergency. Harry wanted to know if there was anything he could do and there was some simple guidance. "One of the best mottos," Sir David told him, "is 'don't waste things'." "Don't waste food, don't waste electricity, don't waste gas. Don't waste paper. All those things make demands on the planet." "And if we all lived more economically, the world would be a much better place." And Greg was also keen to talk about the breakout stars of Sir David's new series A Perfect Planet - Vampire Finches. He found them "sweet". That prompted a rather disbelieving reply from Sir David. "Sweet? What? Drinking blood?" "It's a new habit," he explained, "…drinking blood. It's only recently been filmed." Seems that some new habits, like Instagram, can be somewhat hard to stomach. Follow Newsbeat on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Listen to Newsbeat live at 12:45 and 17:45 weekdays - or listen back here.

वह ड्रेगन की तलाश में है और गोरिल्लाओं के साथ लटका हुआ है।


Artist Simon Beck's giant Somerset beach art

Summary: Over the summer a giant crop-circle, a huge Yoda and a 200m (656 ft) memorial to John Lennon have all appeared on a Somerset beach. Each has lasted for just hours before being washed away by the tide. So why make them?

The sand art, some the size of two football pitches, has been created by renowned snow artist Simon Beck. "It's a race against the tide, it's nine hours of furious work," says the artist who is best known for making huge geometric snow designs in the Alps with his feet. "But at least your hands and feet aren't cold." Using just a rake and a compass, Beck, from Bracknell, in Berkshire, has crafted more than 28 massive intricate patterns on the sands at Brean since April. To plot his intricate paths, he first plans out his patterns on graph paper before getting on to the beach at Brean at high tide. "The first stage is a lot of measuring, pacing things out which takes about three hours," he said. "I use an ordinary rake with a bit of wood tied on the handle to make it heavier. "As soon as the sand is visible, I start at the top edge of the drawing and by that time the sea's gone out and I can get to the middle." Simon Beck at work With just nine hours to complete the piece before it's washed away by the tide, there is very little room for error. "You can rub things out but there's a time penalty," he said. "In one I've written 'oops' because I drew a circle in the wrong place and I had to get water to rub it out. "And if it rains the whole picture disappears." Walking an estimated 12 miles to complete each work, the drawings are so large Mr Beck said beach-goers often walk across his drawings without realising they are there. "I'm definitely a big is beautiful man - the bigger the better," he said. "I'd like to get 1,000 people together and create a two square mile drawing but I've no idea where."

गर्मियों में एक विशाल फसल-वृत्त, एक विशाल योडा और जॉन लेनन का 200 मीटर (656 फीट) का स्मारक समरसेट समुद्र तट पर दिखाई दिया है। प्रत्येक ज्वार से बह जाने से पहले केवल घंटों तक चला है। तो फिर उन्हें क्यों बनाया जाए?


Lurgan: PSNI investigating suspected dissident republican attack

Summary: Police in Lurgan have said they believe an explosive device found in the County Armagh town was planted by dissident republicans.

They said the device was discovered in the Silverwood Industrial Estate on Tuesday evening. Det Supt Sean Wright said: "The device has been made safe and it is fortunate that no one was hurt." The Justice Minister Naomi Long said "a potentially serious incident has been averted". "Those responsible for leaving this explosive device in the Silverwood Industrial Estate have no regard for human life and are motivated by a need to create fear and disruption in our community," she added. Further investigations are being carried out by detectives.

लुर्गन में पुलिस ने कहा है कि उनका मानना है कि काउंटी अरमाघ शहर में पाया गया एक विस्फोटक उपकरण असंतुष्ट गणराज्यों द्वारा लगाया गया था।


Downside Abbey monk accused of indecent assault

Summary: A monk accused of sexual offences against a boy aged 13 has appeared at Yeovil Magistrates Court.

Richard White, 65, is charged with six counts of indecently assaulting a boy and four charges of gross indecency. The offences are alleged to have happened more than 20 years ago at the Roman Catholic Downside School in Stratton-on-the-Fosse, Somerset, where he was a monk and a teacher. He has now been bailed to appear at Taunton Crown Court next month. The monk, who gave his address as Downside Abbey, is not allowed under his bail conditions to go there during term time or when anyone aged under 16 is there.

13 साल के लड़के के खिलाफ यौन अपराधों का आरोपी एक भिक्षु योविल मजिस्ट्रेट की अदालत में पेश हुआ है।


David Thomson death: Two men cleared of murder

Summary: Two men have been cleared of murdering a 32-year-old man who was found with a head injury at a property in Dorset.

David Thomson suffered the injury in Dorchester Road, Weymouth, on 4 April. He died in hospital the following day. Mark Bosworth, 47, from Weymouth, was cleared of murder but a jury at Winchester Crown Court could not reach a verdict on a manslaughter charge. His case has been adjourned for a retrial. Daniel Ribton, 41, was cleared of both murder and manslaughter. Mr Ribton, from Weymouth as well, was also found not guilty of attempted grievous bodily in relation to an alleged assault of a woman in her 30s who police said did not require hospital treatment.

डोरसेट में एक संपत्ति में सिर पर चोट के साथ पाए गए 32 वर्षीय व्यक्ति की हत्या के मामले में दो लोगों को बरी कर दिया गया है।


Ecstasy worth more than £1m recovered in Aberdeen

Summary: A man has been arrested after ecstasy with an estimated street value of at least £1m was recovered in Aberdeen.

Police said more than 45kg of MDMA was seized in the operation. Officers from Police Scotland and the National Crime Agency arrested a 22-year-old man in the Rosemount area of the city for alleged involvement in the illegal importation and supply of the drugs. He is expected in Aberdeen Sheriff Court on Monday.

एबरडीन में कम से कम 1 मिलियन पाउंड के अनुमानित सड़क मूल्य के साथ परमानंद के बाद एक व्यक्ति को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Laos dam collapse: Survivors and NGOs query official toll

Summary: The death toll from the dam collapse in Laos could be much higher than the official figure of 27, local people and aid agencies have told the BBC. Few details of the rescue operation are being released by the Laotian authorities - but a BBC team managed to gain brief access to the site and survivors, despite a ban on foreign media.

At the main hospital in Attapeau, the town closest to the disaster zone, those who were injured and rescued have been receiving treatment. They include La and his wife Aun, whose two daughters were swept away. La described how the current pulled the boat carrying his one-year-old daughter out of his hands. "I put my daughter and my wife on the boat. I tried to hold it but the water was very strong. I couldn't hold it any longer and the boat flipped over and my daughter fell into the water," he said. As he and his wife desperately tried to find the toddler, their eldest girl aged four was also dragged under by the surging current. "We tried to look for her but we could not find her. It all happened right before my eyes. I'm really shocked. I don't know who to blame - I just miss my children," he said. A blow to the 'battery of Asia' On Monday an auxiliary dam that was part of the Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy hydroelectric power project collapsed. Fractures had been discovered on Sunday, a South Korean firm involved in its construction said. Now a huge rescue operation is under way - but few details are being released by Laos's communist government. That's partly because the authorities are habitually prone to secrecy and partly because of the remoteness of the affected region, which is hampering rescuers. But the collapse is also a huge embarrassment for the Laos government, which has trumpeted its hydropower ambitions and desire to become the "battery" of South East Asia, selling energy to neighbouring countries. It is now facing questions about how a brand new dam could collapse, sending water surging through paddy fields and villages, and how much warning nearby residents were given. Official toll questioned Government statistics say 27 people have been killed and 131 people are missing - but aid agencies believe the country may be downplaying the scale of the disaster and the final death toll may be considerably higher. Local residents told the BBC that they believed as many as 300 people may have lost their lives. Meanwhile up to 3,000 people are reportedly still stranded, their rooftops now islands in the murky floodwater. The floodwater surged into seven villages, affecting two in particular. In an area of 200 houses, only about 10 were left standing, a Laotian medical official told Reuters news agency. "We retrieved one body today. I suspect there will be more as the water goes down and the road becomes easier to access," the official said. The official said villagers had been warned between three and four hours before the dam burst, but few thought the water would rise as high as it did. How advanced is the relief effort? About three hours' drive from Attapeau is Paksong, where hundreds of survivors were huddling in a rudimentary shelter. Medicine and blankets were being distributed and rice and soup were being cooked. But most of those who found themselves there had lost everything. One grandmother told the BBC how the torrent had simply washed her house away. Laotian troops and civilians are working together on the relief effort, loading up boats with instant noodles and fresh water. Chinese medical teams have joined the effort and more support is arriving from Thailand. But the UN's humanitarian agency said that roads and bridges had been damaged, and boats and helicopters were the only means of transport in the worst-affected areas. Schools were being used as evacuation centres and about 1,300 families needed tents for shelter, it added. Additionally, about 1,300 families have been moved to higher ground in an area of northern Cambodia that has also been affected by the flooding. What do we know about the dam? Construction of the $1.2bn Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy power project - a network of two main dams and five subsidiary dams - involved Laotian, Thai and South Korean firms. The dam was 90% complete and had been set to start operating commercially next year. South Korea's SK Engineering & Construction, the main partner running the project, has blamed the collapse on heavy rain during the Laos monsoon season. A company official said the firm had ordered the evacuation of 12 villages as soon as the danger became clear. The Laotian Minister of Energy and Mines, Khammany Inthirath, has said the project's developers would be liable for all compensation, the Vientiane Times newspaper reported.

स्थानीय लोगों और सहायता एजेंसियों ने बी. बी. सी. को बताया है कि लाओस में बांध गिरने से मरने वालों की संख्या 27 के आधिकारिक आंकड़े से बहुत अधिक हो सकती है। बचाव अभियान का कुछ विवरण लाओटियन अधिकारियों द्वारा जारी किया जा रहा है-लेकिन बी. बी. सी. की एक टीम विदेशी मीडिया पर प्रतिबंध के बावजूद साइट और जीवित बचे लोगों तक संक्षिप्त पहुंच प्राप्त करने में कामयाब रही।


How hard is it to pass the US citizenship test?

Summary: The BBC's Laura Trevelyan, who has lived in the US for the past 12 years, is applying to become a US citizen. That process includes a citizenship test. Here, she recounts her efforts to get up to speed.

By Laura TrevelyanBBC News, New York It's more than 25 years since I last took a test, and so I'm more than a little out of practice. The brain cells are not what they were, and even the short-term memory is fading. My initial attempts to study for the US citizenship test were a dismal failure. Pathetic, even. A large booklet called Learn About the United States: Quick Civics Lessons for the Naturalization Test has been sitting by my bedside for months. Mostly, I spill coffee on the important document. Periodically, I transfer it to my handbag (that would be purse, in the American language) which only serves to make it even more crumpled and battered. Occasionally, I open said booklet on the train between New York and our nation's capital, spill red wine or more coffee on it, depending on the time of day, take a quick look, and close it again rapidly after getting a few questions wrong. It seems middle age has diminished my ability to remember numbers correctly, which is a big problem when confronted with US history and the system of government. Why does the US flag have 13 stripes? Why does the flag have 50 stars? Come on now - 13 original colonies, 50 states in the Union. My three boys delight in picking up the booklet and torturing me with questions which I answer incorrectly - such as, how many amendments are there to the US constitution? The correct answer is 27. For some reason I inverted the numbers and came up with 72 - which would keep the Supreme Court busy. We'd probably need more than nine justices. That's another question, by the way, the number of Supreme Court Justices. And who's the Chief Justice? So back to those wretched numbers which are giving me so much grief. In which year was the Constitution written? No, 1776 is incorrect. That was the year of the Declaration of Independence. At least I have no trouble answering why the colonists fought the British - no taxation without representation, a topic upon which I have waxed lyrical for over a decade now, as a non-voting tax-paying Brit in America. At times, I have been tempted to throw a tea chest into the Hudson river. Just kidding. As it happens, 1787 is the year in which the Constitution was written. Not 1987, a year etched into my memory because I was a teenager in eighties Britain and everyone had wedge haircuts and listened to Spandau Ballet. But I digress. My kids thought 1987 was a hilarious answer but I suspect the US immigration official would take a dim view. The hit Broadway musical Hamilton, about the founding father Alexander Hamilton, has proved extremely useful in studying for this test. I went to see that last year, little knowing how helpful it would be. Question 67 in my booklet is "The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the US Constitution. Name one of the writers." So easy! Alexander Hamilton, AKA Publius, which was his pseudonym. Both answers are acceptable. There was a whole scene about that in Hamilton. That old adage - I see and I remember - is proving to be true. US citizenship test Hamilton also helps with the following question - who is the "Father of our Country?" George Washington, of course, who has a starring role in the musical. He was also America's first president, which is question 70. Now we're off the races. Except this one stumped me. Which territory did the United States buy from France in 1803? Clue: It's a large area west of the Mississippi river. It was 828,000 square miles and the US paid the French $15m for it (about $300m in today's dollars). Major shipping port, doubled the size of the United States? Louisiana. The Louisiana Purchase is not taught widely in British schools, or at least it wasn't when I was last in the classroom several million eons ago. But now I've nailed that one, and I can tell you a bit about the Mexican-American War of 1846. Naturally I know all about the War of 1812 because that was round two after the Brits lost the War of Independence. Seems like historians have chalked that one up as a draw between my old home and my new one. Which brings me to question 53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? You have to give up loyalty to other countries, it says in my booklet. Here's what I'll pledge if I get to take the Oath of Allegiance. I absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty of whom or which I have heretofore been a subject or citizen. Apologies to Queen Elizabeth II, I will still be one of your subjects, as I'll be allowed to keep my UK citizenship, but my loyalty will be to the United States and to the flag. On that note, I am trying to learn the words to the Star Spangled Banner, written appropriately enough during the War of 1812. Just don't ever ask me to sing it. We can leave that one to Beyonce.

बी. बी. सी. की लौरा ट्रेवेलियन, जो पिछले 12 वर्षों से अमेरिका में रह रही हैं, अमेरिकी नागरिक बनने के लिए आवेदन कर रही हैं। इस प्रक्रिया में एक नागरिकता परीक्षण शामिल है। यहाँ, वह तेजी से आगे बढ़ने के अपने प्रयासों को याद करती हैं।


What does it take to be a World's Strongest Man contender?

Summary: Tom Stoltman is one of the world's best junior Strongman event athletes and he has his sights set on winning the sport's coveted World's Strongest Man title. Achieving that dream involves dedication to a tough routine, and for Tom controlling autism.

By Craig AndersonBBC Scotland Since he was a boy, 23-year-old Tom, from Invergordon in Easter Ross, has been sports daft. "Growing up it was football, football, football," he says. "I would miss school to play football, and a I love watching football." His passion for the game, along with support from his parents, wider family and also from others while he was at school, have helped him overcome the effects of autism. "I was diagnosed when I was four or five years old. When I was 13 or 14 I would not go outside the house by myself or travel by myself. "People who have autism are really shy and don't talk. "My parents used to think that I would be at home until I was 40 and never get a girlfriend and never get married." But he adds: "Sport is one of thing that has given me confidence. "Being an athlete has made me who I am today. I got married when I was 21, I went to Africa to compete in the World's Strongest Man and I can talk in front of cameras." Five things on Tom Stoltman Tom was encouraged to take up weight training by his older brother and Scotland's Strongest Man title holder, Luke, aka The Highland Oak. "Luke took me to the gym at 17 for a wee play," says Tom. "I was not really interested because of my interest in football. "But then I went to my first competition at 18, a Scotland's Strongest Man qualifier, and I came fifth. I got the bug then. "I thought 'this is the sport for me' and since then I have been training and stepping up my game. "It is like an addiction. You step into the gym and it is like a playground and you are like a wee kid." Tom has gone on to compete and also win places at Scottish and UK championships. In September, he hopes to leave the junior ranks on a high by winning the World Juniors in Canada. He says: "If I win that I would be the first Scottish guy to win a world title in strength sports in something like 40 years." Earlier this year, Tom was at the World Strongest Man contest in Botswana. "Being in Africa and standing beside my idols, people I had watched on TV, I was like a kid in a candy shop. I was just in awe," he says. "Within the next five years I want to be on top of that podium." But what does it take to have a chance of winning the world's most prized Strongman title? "Gym, gym, gym," says Tom. "I don't really have a social life. Seven days a week I am in the gym. I could go out and party all weekend but it would cost my potential." "Also, mentally you have to be strong," says Tom, who credits a strict diet, advice from Luke and also a coach with helping him to prepare for competitions. "You can be as physically strong as you want, but it is not having the mental side of the gym and the recovery that costs a lot of young guys." Tom adds that he also finds it important to have fun. "It is not just about lifting dumbbells. The Strongman is an all-round game. "Your body has to adapt to flipping tyres and pulling lorries and pulling planes and being able to lift weights that people think would never be imaginable. "I go to competitions to have fun." All images by BBC Scotland.

टॉम स्टोल्टमैन दुनिया के सर्वश्रेष्ठ जूनियर स्ट्रॉन्गमैन इवेंट एथलीटों में से एक हैं और उनकी दृष्टि खेल का प्रतिष्ठित वर्ल्ड्स स्ट्रॉंगेस्ट मैन खिताब जीतने पर है। उस सपने को प्राप्त करने में एक कठिन दिनचर्या के प्रति समर्पण और टॉम के लिए ऑटिज्म को नियंत्रित करना शामिल है।


Bail for man arrested over Lincolnshire torture murder

Summary: A 20-year-old man arrested in connection with the murder of a Lincolnshire man who had been tortured, has been released on police bail.

Lincolnshire police arrested the man, from Hampshire, on Wednesday morning. Alan Wood, 50, died in October 2009 after being tortured for several days at his home in Lound, near Bourne. The arrested man, who has been bailed until 1 March 2011, is the fourth man suspected of involvement in the killing to be questioned and released on bail. Mr Wood's death has been the subject of several appeals, including one on the BBC's Crimewatch programme, and a £60,000 reward has been offered. He was last seen alive on 21 October 2009 at his local pub the Willoughby Arms, in the nearby village of Little Bytham.

लिंकनशायर के एक व्यक्ति की हत्या के मामले में गिरफ्तार एक 20 वर्षीय व्यक्ति, जिसे प्रताड़ित किया गया था, को पुलिस जमानत पर रिहा कर दिया गया है।


Mental health and stigma: 'You're not alone'

Summary: Diagnosis: Depression, anxiety and distress intolerance

By Marie JacksonBBC News The stigma around mental health problems can have a devastating impact on people's lives, a survey has found, often leaving behind a trail of break-ups, severed friendships and lost jobs. To get people talking and help break the stigma, charities have launched Time to Talk Day on Thursday. Here, eight people share their experiences. Andrea Wade, 23, a retail supervisor from Blackpool I've suffered since I was a young girl and always prided myself on how well I could hide my illness. I would lie to my school friends telling them I was on holiday when I was actually an in-patient. If I was not bubbly and sociable, my friends would say I was in "death mode". It made me feel very isolated. They're no longer my friends - just acquaintances. It has caused lasting damage and meant I always try to pretend I'm OK now. People need to understand that there's a spectrum of emotions - it's OK to feel happy, and it's OK to feel sad. Beth Allan, 25, a film-maker from London Diagnosis: Borderline personality disorder At my worst, I was very erratic and hurtful. For my parents, it was like having an imposter in their home. My dad almost disowned me - he told me to snap out of it. Every time I had a bad day, he assumed I was suicidal or I was going to hurt someone. I think he was scared of the implications of having a child that would be ill for the rest of their life. It made me feel very unsupported, as though he did not accept me, so I moved out. It took three years to heal our relationship, and took for me to get worse and then better again for him to see that I could get better. I wish he had sat down with me and talked to me, rather than treat me like a burden. Lauren Quigley, 26, a college learning facilitator from Manchester Diagnosis: Depression and anxiety My partner - and first love - was working in France. I had been struggling with the distance and my mind had started whirring with negative thoughts. She knew my history but thought it was in my past. A week before I was due to fly out to see her, she broke up with me over Skype. I blamed myself entirely for the split, and started thinking maybe I could never have a relationship. My family and friends are very supportive so it was hard not to get the support from someone I loved. I've tried to explain my anxiety to her in a letter and emails, but she hasn't replied. I'm very lucky to have a new partner now. She finds it really hard to fully understand my problems but she's read up on anxiety. It's about being there to listen - not judge. Oli Regan, 26, actor from south-east London Diagnosis: Bipolar disorder I had a temper, I was uncontrollable but, for a long time, I just thought it was me. All my relationships in the past have broken down. It's been a nightmare. You get looked at in a different way from a "normal" person. Every argument is: "Are you taking your medicine?", "You're a nutter." It's very hard to explain what goes on in your mind. Some days can feel like your mind is a prison - you're trapped. My fiancee has experience of bipolar, and she's my rock. My advice to others in my position? Be open from the start. Some people won't be OK with it - you have to expect that. There's a lot of stigma in the world. Jenny Carter, 24, a charity worker in London Diagnosis: OCD previously, now depression and anxiety I chose not to tell my new employers about my mental health problems because I didn't want it to be a big deal. The job was stressful and I was signed off work. But when I returned and told them, no-one there knew what to do. At one point, my manager stopped talking to me, and an HR person said: "If it's so awful here, why haven't you left?" After six months, I was dismissed because my work was not up to standard, despite having told them I couldn't cope. But it was discrimination, and they got away with it. My new job has been a completely different experience. I told them, and even the senior bosses said their door was always open for a chat. It sounds silly but they've just been really nice about it. Clive Buckenham, 48, a civil servant from Andover, Hampshire Diagnosis: Depression and anxiety When the illness was at its worst, I would come home from work very stressed out. I would find it difficult to talk about it and that would create a lot of tension. My wife and I would end up having arguments about trivial things, like what salad to have for dinner. It would happen in a flash and I would be in tears for several hours, and end up physically drained. For her, it was like being caught in a violent storm, and all she could do was take cover, and try to reassure me. It's so hard to live with someone who is mentally ill. The person you married has disappeared. She had got the worst of me. All they can do is continue to be there, and stay in it for the long haul. Deian Lye-Vella, 43, a cleaner and football coach from Bath Diagnosis: Depression My wife and I divorced because of my mental health problems. After that, friends would assume I was down because of my divorce - and sometimes I was but it was also because of my mental health. I found it very hard to sit down and say all that to them. You would be exposing a part of yourself. When I opened up to one friend, she said: "What have you got to be depressed about?" I've told plenty of lies over the years to explain my absence - a stomach ache or my car's broken down. Recently I told a friend the truth - that I wasn't coming out because of my mental state. He texted back saying: "Thanks for telling me. I'll be there when you need me. Man hugs." Patience is good. More on this subject Jodie Goodacre, 21, a student from Bishop's Stortford in Hertfordshire Diagnosis: Bipolar type two and borderline personality disorder I kept it a secret for a long time because I was afraid how my friends would react. At 18, I opened up. Some were supportive. Others seemed to want to blame me, saying it was my fault and if only I tried harder then I would be fine. I was really upset because it had taken me so long to build up the courage. It's as though they threw it back in my face, and I closed up again. It was three years before I opened up again - and this time it's been very different. Maturity and education make the difference. It's important to realise that everyone's mental health is different. If you want to help, you need to ask that individual how you can help. Don't be scared to approach the subject. We're not after a therapist, we're after a friend. And if you're the one opening up, expect people to be upset or shocked. They react like that because they care. Mental health charities are calling it Time to Talk Day on Thursday, in a bid to get people across England talking about mental health problems and help break the stigma. To coincide with a big conversation in schools, universities, councils, government departments and on social media, it has released findings from a survey of 2,000 adults with a range of mental health problems. The poll found almost two fifths (38%) had been treated negatively because of their problems. Of those: Sue Baker, director of organisers Time to Change, said: "Progress is being made in improving attitudes and reducing discrimination in some key areas of life but too many of us are still being made to feel isolated, ashamed and worthless by other people's reactions. "The good news is that being open about mental health, and ready to listen, can make a positive difference and potentially change lives."

निदानः अवसाद, चिंता और संकट असहिष्णुता


Severe gales cancel Isle of Man ferry sailings

Summary: Gale force winds in the Irish Sea have forced the cancellation of ferries to and from the Isle of Man.

The Isle of Man Met Office has predicted severe winds reaching up to gale force ten. The Steam Packet Company's evening and early morning sailings between Heysham and Douglas have been cancelled due to winds of up to 70mph (104km/h). A company spokesman said Friday's sailings at 08:45 (GMT) and 14:15 are also subject to disruption.

आयरिश सागर में तूफानी हवाओं ने आइल ऑफ मैन से आने-जाने वाली नौकाओं को रद्द करने के लिए मजबूर कर दिया है।


Aberdeen councillor Willie Young cleared over 'idiot' tweet

Summary: A senior Aberdeen councillor alleged to have insulted a fellow Twitter user by likening him to a "village idiot" did not breach a code of conduct, it has been ruled.

Willie Young is a regular user of social media, and had a complaint lodged against him. He had tweeted "which village has lost its idiot because you need help" and "run along and behave". The public standards commissioner said there had been no breach. The remarks were in the course of a conversation regarding a political issue relating to Aberdeen City Council. Finance convenor Mr Young had pointed out that he was not acting as a Labour councillor when involved in the Twitter conversations, as it was a personal account.

एबरडीन के एक वरिष्ठ पार्षद ने एक साथी ट्विटर उपयोगकर्ता की तुलना "गाँव के बेवकूफ" से करके उसका अपमान करने का आरोप लगाते हुए कहा कि यह आचार संहिता का उल्लंघन नहीं है।


The Boy in the Dress: Will Gompertz reviews the RSC's new musical ★★★★☆

Summary: There are certain tried-and-tested antidotes to the winter blues. Like looking up puppies on the internet. Or flicking through brochures of sun-drenched Caribbean holidays. And, when desperate, the fall-back option of browsing LinkedIn for profiles of old school friends with dreadful jobs.

Will GompertzArts editor@WillGompertzBBCon Twitter These are all free options. If you're up for spending a bit of money (£16-£67.50) to lift your spirits, then you might consider buying a ticket to see the musical The Boy in the Dress at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon. It is a show that embraces the concept of feel-good entertainment like a banker receiving a bonus, which is to say, shamelessly. Anyone after intellectual nourishment will leave feeling distinctly peckish, but those seeking a warm bath of comfort and joy will wallow in this page-to-stage musical reimagining of David Walliams' best-selling children's book The Boy in the Dress. There is a decidedly showbizzy vibe to the production, from Aletta Collins' exuberant choreography to the deluxe stage design by Robert Jones. Hardly surprising, given the music and lyrics are by Robbie Williams and Guy Chambers, the songwriting duo behind late 90s pop hits Angels, Let Me Entertain You and Millennium. Williams said he and Chambers were given just two weeks to write the 17 catchy numbers that are the show's heart and soul, compared to the three years they took to write his latest album. All I can say is the album must be an absolute banger, because the tunes they knocked out in a fortnight for The Boy in the Dress are terrific - particularly if you're a fan of their early work, the hooks from which appear throughout. The story is a familiar tale of the misfit kid. Dennis is a 12 year-old football-loving schoolboy with inner feelings he doesn't understand. An existential angst not helped by his mother walking out on his father, and the locals bursting into a song about being Ordinary ("We said we're Labour, but we're voting Tory."), because, as they say, "What's the point of being different?" Dennis goes to his bedroom to sing If I Don't Cry and asks his big brother John for a hug, which goes down like a crate of non-alcoholic beer on a stag night. John turns away in disgust and explains that mothers do hugs, brothers do wedgies. And so, the light-hearted tone is set for two hours of gentle jokes and easy listening. John has a weakness for Magnum ice creams, Dennis likes magazines with pictures of ladies in dresses, while their dad (Rufus Hound) prefers magazines with pictures of ladies without dresses. As Dennis moves ever more confidently towards his desire to try a frock on for size, his role as star striker for the school's football team is put in jeopardy by a heavy cold (this is about as dramatic as the story gets). But this is theatre, so the game must go on with some posh boys providing the oppo (cue, topical joke). The match is played out before our eyes in a superbly executed scene seamlessly mixing puppetry, choreography and the imaginative direction of Gregory Doran. An effective staging device of having the football fixed to the end of a pole manoeuvred by a cast member is used throughout. Except for one moment when a loose football is placed for a crucial penalty, which, for the next sequence to work, has to be scored. All the goalie need do is dive out of the way so the ball can roll in. What could possibly go wrong? Well, on the night I went, the ball ricocheted off the keeper's legs and ended up in row G of the auditorium and not the back of the net. This led to an incongruous scene with the attacking team celebrating wildly having missed, while the ball is lobbed back into play from the stalls. Stick to the stick would be my note. It works. As does this show, even though there are times where it is a little rushed, and others that are a tad too pantomime hammy. At least for me. I doubt any of the younger members of the audience would concur, and it is at them the production is aimed. Those to whom I spoke afterwards loved every second: a chorus of approval that was palpable throughout, with rousing applause at the end of several of the big numbers including a glitter ball delight called Disco Symphony. The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) pulled off a remarkable feat with Tim Minchin's musical reinvention of Roald Dahl's Matilda a decade ago. It has been a huge commercial success for the company, enabling it to invest in education and outreach projects. The RSC is hoping The Boy in the Dress will follow suit and transfer for a long and lucrative West End run. Maybe it will, but the competition is a lot stiffer than when Matilda made the transition. The blockbuster juggernaut Hamilton wasn't about then, nor were Everybody's Talking About Jamie and Dear Evan Hansen - two musicals covering a similar ground of odd-one-out schoolboys. Those three have a very contemporary flavour, while The Boy in the Dress already feels more dated (the book was published in 2008). The issues it tackles are timeless and universal, but the central dramatic device of a boy wearing a dress doesn't seem particularly shocking in 2019. And supposed flashes of epiphany such as the radical idea of starting a girls' football team either need to be cut altogether or rewritten to reflect that women's football is now a major sport. But then we know The Boy in the Dress isn't frightened to be who he is and go toe-to-toe with the big guys. I hope it succeeds. There's plenty of room in this world for another joyful, uplifting musical - especially one that so unapologetically wears its heart on its sequined sleeve. Recent reviews by Will Gompertz Follow Will Gompertz on Twitter

विंटर ब्लूज़ के लिए कुछ आजमाए गए और परखे गए प्रतिकार हैं। जैसे इंटरनेट पर पिल्लों को देखना। या धूप से भीगे कैरेबियाई छुट्टियों के ब्रोशरों के माध्यम से घूमना। और, जब हताश होते हैं, तो पुराने स्कूल के दोस्तों के प्रोफाइल के लिए लिंक्डइन ब्राउज़ करने का विकल्प भयानक नौकरियों के साथ।


Australia row hampers East Timor's oil ambitions

Summary: Near Suai on East Timor's south coast, a rusty old oil pump sits near a beach, some mangroves and the ruins of an old prison from the Portuguese era. It's not good for much, but it hints at the country's oil and gas wealth potential.

By Tim McDonaldBBC News, Suai, East Timor East Timor is now spending US$2.1bn (£1.45bn) on roads, airport facilities and a supply base for offshore rigs along the south coast, with private investors expected to tip more in for refining facilities. It is an attempt to grab a bigger slice of the country's oil and gas wealth, an ambitious project that the government hopes will transform the country's economy. But its success might depend on solving an acrimonious dispute with its neighbour Australia over the maritime boundaries between the two countries. And as the dispute drags on, East Timor could be staring down the barrel of a crippling cash crunch. At present, there's a patchwork of agreements dividing up the oil and gas resources between the two countries. Even though there is now $16bn in East Timor's petroleum fund, the government contends that the current arrangements cheat it out of billions more. East Timor wants a formal conciliation process under the UN convention on the law of the sea, but Australia doesn't recognise its jurisdiction. It wants to keep the existing treaties in effect, and says they are entirely consistent with the convention. "It is regrettable that Timor Leste has taken a combative approach to this issue," the Foreign Minister, Julie Bishop, said in a statement. Furthermore, Australian diplomats have suggested that East Timor's insistence on a permanent maritime boundary would actually leave it worse off. Raw deals Still, there's a pervasive feeling here that Australia's taking more than it is entitled to, and that it bullied a new and vulnerable country into a raw deal when the first treaty was signed shortly after its independence. There's no doubt that the country was in a tough place. The World Bank estimates that 70% of the country's infrastructure was destroyed in the violence that followed the Timorese vote for independence from Indonesia in 1999. "We needed money for development. And Australia used that opportunity to push us. We made a deal because we were weak at the time. But now we want to change the deal because we see that we are strong today. We realise that we have rights," says Juvinal Dias, who works at local think tank L'ao Hamutuk as a researcher on the oil and gas industry. He also organised East Timor's recent protest against Australia, which was an indication of the strength of feeling here. By some counts, 10,000 people showed up for two days of protests, calling for a maritime boundary. That's a big crowd in a city of maybe 250,000. They said Australia had cheated East Timor out of $6.6bn in revenues. Australia's position is practical and legalistic. And to most Australians, it's an abstract dispute over resources that are far away and under water. Nobody is standing outside East Timor's embassy in Canberra with signs pushing Australia's case. In fact, there's some sympathy for the Timorese position. The Australian Labor Party says it will commit to renewed negotiations over a permanent maritime boundary and binding UN arbitration if they fail. Of course, that depends on it winning the election on 2 July. And a Liberal government looks highly unlikely to budge. The Timorese see it very differently. Many here see it as a continuation of their independence struggle - the last bit of unfinished business that would give it the respect of true nationhood. "It's a sovereignty issue for us, it's not oil resources," Prime Minister Rui Maria de Araujo says. "And we think that 13 years ago, we'd restored our political independence, interrupted by 24 years of Indonesian occupation, but so far we feel like the sovereignty of this country was not complete yet because the maritime boundaries were not established." Undersea oil challenge Swift resolution Still, there is considerable pressure from the oil and gas sector to get the dispute resolved quickly. The Greater Sunrise area could be worth tens of billions of dollars, and this dispute is standing in the way. The company that's leading the joint venture, Woodside, wants a swift resolution. "It is vital that both the Timor-Leste and Australian governments agree the legal, regulatory and fiscal regime applicable to the resource. Once government alignment is established, we believe there is an opportunity to proceed with a development that benefits all parties," a company spokeswoman said. One of the other joint venture partners, ConocoPhillips, agrees that nothing will go ahead until there's "alignment". The government-backed oil and gas company Timor Gap concedes a drawn-out negotiation will hurt, especially since the infrastructure it is building is aimed at processing oil and gas from Greater Sunrise. "There'll be some influence or impact when things actually drag on in the maritime boundary negotiations. But it's not one that will put an end to Timor Gap's operations or future business," says chief executive Francisco Pereira. What's more, the government's revenues are likely to fall sharply without a new source of income. The public purse is almost entirely dependent on oil and gas revenues, and the investment returns it derives from them. East Timor set up a petroleum fund to manage the wealth generated from its resources. It provides a whopping 90% of the government's revenues. Currently, it has $16bn, which puts East Timor in the enviable position of being able to cover its entire national budget nine times over. 'Tapped out' But it's fragile wealth. Spending is increasing while revenues are shrinking dramatically. East Timor's existing oil and gas projects are running dry, and the revenues will slow to a trickle in the coming years. About $718m will top up the fund this year, but it won't even turn out a tenth of that by 2020. ConocoPhillips says the only resources project still operating, Bayu-Undan, will be tapped out within six years. The budget's getting bigger, and the revenue base is shrinking. And the World Bank says something's got to give. "Such an increase in expenditure could eventually lead to the petroleum fund balance reaching zero and the government facing a cash-constrained budget," according to the World Bank's most recent assessment. "Standards of living would sharply fall and there would likely be a negative impact on political stability." But the prime minister says this fight is about a principle, and East Timor is in it for the long haul. Since its independence, many of the country's leaders have been former guerrillas, who spent years in the jungle fighting Indonesia. Although Mr Araujo is seen as a cool-headed technocrat, and something of a generational change, he perhaps retains some of the attrition-minded mentality of his predecessors. "Don't forget, we fought the Indonesians for 24 years," he says.

पूर्वी तिमोर के दक्षिणी तट पर सुआई के पास, एक जंग वाला पुराना तेल पंप एक समुद्र तट के पास स्थित है, कुछ मैंग्रोव और पुर्तगाली युग की एक पुरानी जेल के खंडहर। यह बहुत कुछ के लिए अच्छा नहीं है, लेकिन यह देश की तेल और गैस संपत्ति की क्षमता का संकेत देता है।


Unemployment figure rises slightly in Wales

Summary: Unemployment rose slightly in Wales between August and October.

By Sarah DickinsBBC Wales economics correspondent There were 2,000 more people looking for work than the previous three months, May to July. However, compared with a year ago there were 21,000 fewer people unemployed in Wales, according to the ONS. The Welsh rate of unemployment is now 4.3%, still lower than the UK rate of 4.8%. There were fewer people employed in the UK and Wales in the last quarter. But this was still more than a year ago. These latest figures from the Office for National Statistics are not the first to show a slight rise in unemployment in Wales. Labour market statistics published in November showed an increase of 3,000 compared with the previous three months. The latest show an increase of 2,000. But looking at the actual numbers of people unemployed in Wales in the monthly surveys, it does not suggest that there is any clear trend. The figures published on Wednesday put unemployment at 65,000; the ones published in November put it at 67,000 while it was 65,000 in the October statistics. The Labour Market statistics are a survey of what is happening in businesses across Wales over three months and monthly changes can be misleading. These figures today do not necessarily suggest that the trend of lower unemployment is ending, rather that employment levels are flat. Despite seeing a small rise in unemployment, for the second time, Wales still has the lowest rate of unemployment in the UK - after the south east and south west of England. Welsh Secretary Alun Cairns said it was great to end the year with Wales having experienced record levels of employment. "The figures today are a testament to Wales' ability to create the climate where businesses can thrive and are confident about the opportunities facing them," he said. "This coupled with the announcement that the Aston Martin's new manufacturing facility at St Athan in Wales received the green light today shows that businesses have the confidence to expand in Wales. "There is more work to do but we will look forward to 2017 with renewed optimism." First Minister Carwyn Jones also welcomed the Aston Martin announcement, adding: "As a pro-business government we are continuing to work hard to support the right economic conditions to help create and safeguard jobs right across Wales." He said the figures were "evidence of our success in developing high quality employment opportunities across all parts of the country".

अगस्त और अक्टूबर के बीच वेल्स में बेरोजगारी में थोड़ी वृद्धि हुई।


Photo exhibition showcases the people tackling poverty

Summary: The impact of poverty in 21st Century Britain is the focus of a new exhibition which showcases those trying to help their struggling neighbours. Four people making a difference in their communities explain how they became involved.

'I want to be a spark in the plug' Battersea and Brixton helped shape Micah Lammie into the man he is today, so now he is repaying the debt. "Life was difficult as a kid from a one-parent family," the 30-year-old said. "I was defiant and in a lot of trouble at school. It takes a village to raise a child so I didn't just learn from my parents, I learned from everyone in my community. "Those are things I want to continue on, raising our next generation." He initially found work in call centres then a chance encounter at a funeral with Brixton Soup Kitchen founder Solomon Smith gave him his true calling. "I've known Solomon from back in the day," Micah said. "I asked to get involved and I've never looked back." Now he is the centre manager of the service, which offers food and legal advice to rough sleepers and the community. "It's a safe haven for misunderstood people. Everything starts somewhere, there's been ups and downs but we're helping people. I want to be a spark in the plug, I won't change the world but I'll invest in a person who will." 'I knew hunger' After having experienced her own financial struggles, Mary Brennan saw her neighbours in Cross Green, Leeds, were also facing difficulties. "I knew hunger and poverty," the 68-year-old said. "It used to be just families round here, then landlords started bedding seven people in four-bedroom terraced houses. I noticed they were hungry." So she helped set up Community Unity, a neighbourhood group that runs a lunch club at St Hilda's Church and created a garden on a disused railway bridge where the community can pick their own food. "We don't have many facilities round here, no shop where you can buy fresh food and [there's] terrible problems with transport," she added. 'If you're poor, you can't afford ideas' Poverty can be a barrier to creativity because people can't afford either the money or time to do it, according to Steve Arnott. The 44-year-old from Hull said hip-hop helped him through a tough childhood and he saw how it could do the same for others. "Hip-hop has always been my love," he said. "There were local workshops which weren't getting many kids because families couldn't afford the fares into town. "I had the idea of taking it to them." You might also be interested in: In 2017, when his hometown was the UK City of Culture, he launched the Beats Bus - a mobile recording studio which he takes into the communities to attract youngsters eager to learn more about hip-hop, DJing, break-dancing and graffiti art. "If you're poor, you can't afford the time to create ideas," Steve said. "The Beats Bus is trying to change that, bringing free studio time to talented kids." 'There's no shame in being poor' The issues blighting the Scholes area of Wigan are being tackled by Barbara Nettleton. She previously spearheaded a residents' association to reduce anti-social behaviour and improve services, before taking over the running of the Sunshine House community centre. The site, which opened in 2005, runs art groups and youth projects with a view to helping people find work. It also operates three shops in the area offering necessities including second-hand clothes and prams, toys and baby clothes. "When the mines, steelworks and mills closed years ago, it took the apprenticeships away, broke families and industrial areas like ours," Barbara said. "There is no shame in being poor but it's shameful that we are." Picture Britain: Our People, Our Poverty was commissioned by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation and created by photographer Jillian Edelstein and investigative journalist Stephen Armstrong. It will be at Borough Market, London, from 20 February to 8 March.

21वीं सदी के ब्रिटेन में गरीबी का प्रभाव एक नई प्रदर्शनी का केंद्र बिंदु है जिसमें उन लोगों को दिखाया गया है जो अपने संघर्षरत पड़ोसियों की मदद करने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं। अपने समुदायों में बदलाव लाने वाले चार लोग बताते हैं कि वे कैसे शामिल हुए।