Lovell lights: turning a telescope into an art installation

Summary: Looming up out of the green Cheshire countryside, listening to Deep Space, the Lovell telescope is an icon of science. And while it listens, the third largest radio telescope in the world becomes - for just a few days every summer - a massive, animated art installation.

By Victoria GillScience correspondent, BBC News As part of the Bluedot music and science festival at Jodrell Bank, the telescope has now played host to displays devised by Brian Eno and Daito Manabe. The latter developed animated data which the telescope was collecting from Space, and beamed it onto the structure. This year it will host two specially commissioned projection pieces - one inspired by the possibility of extraterrestrial life. Making artists' work come to life on a big, complicated steel structure has been the task of Pod Bluman, who is in the business of building "visual experiences". "The first time we did this with the Lovell Telescope, we were working with Brian Eno," he told BBC News. "The (inside of the bowl) provided us with a huge screen, so we just projected content at the bowl and hoped that content would work." For the last two years though, Lovell's 5,000 square metre bowl has been undergoing restoration, which means it has to be kept static and pointed directly upward. As a result, artists and designers are deprived of its huge circular "screen". "All we had was the superstructure, so we convinced the powers-that-be that we needed a 3-D scan of the whole thing," said Mr Bluman. The need for that scan dates from when construction first began on Professor Bernard Lovell's great telescope in 1952. Even as the structure took shape, there were many unsolved engineering problems. Many ad hoc solutions that allowed the 1,500 tonne bowl to be steered with pinpoint accuracy were devised along the way, including the use of racks from battleship gun turrets. Possibly as a result of these swift engineering fixes during construction, there were no accurate technical drawings of the telescope available. "We used a Lidar scan, which essentially shoots lasers at the entire telescope to create an enormously detailed point cloud - a three-dimensional map of the structure," Mr Bluman explained. Once he and his team had simplified this map, they used it to virtually "flatten out" the whole structure into a two-dimensional plan, and used that to design the animations that would be projected onto every single strut. When that 2-D animated plan was "remoulded" back into a 3-D telescope - complete with its mapped-on animations - the team could convert that into a scheme of exactly where every projector should be positioned to fill each strut's surface with images. Dr Teresa Anderson, director of the Jodrell Bank Discovery Centre, said that ever since she and her team began running cultural events on the site more than a decade ago, the idea of using the Lovell Telescope was something that had "absolutely fascinated artists". "It's so big - as tall as the clock tower of Big Ben - so it's an amazing edifice as well as a scientific instrument. "And once you start thinking about what it's doing - listening to the Universe - it becomes even more fascinating." So what does she think Sir Bernard Lovell would have thought of his great scientific achievement becoming a giant light show during a festival? "He was someone who understood the importance of people feeling connected to science - of bringing the public in and giving them a sense of ownership of the work we do here," said Dr Anderson. "So I think he would have really supported it. "But he wasn't a fan of 'popular music', so he might have had ear plugs in for the bands." Follow Victoria on Twitter

हरे-भरे चेशायर ग्रामीण इलाकों से बाहर निकलते हुए, डीप स्पेस को सुनकर, लवेल टेलीस्कोप विज्ञान का एक प्रतीक है। और जब यह सुनता है, तो दुनिया का तीसरा सबसे बड़ा रेडियो टेलीस्कोप बन जाता है-हर गर्मियों में कुछ ही दिनों के लिए-एक विशाल, एनिमेटेड कला स्थापना।


Shaker Aamer: The man about to leave Guantanamo Bay

Summary: Shaker Aamer is the last British resident in a prison cell in Guantanamo Bay. And for the majority of that time, Detainee 239, to use his official number, has been held despite being cleared for release.

Dominic CascianiHome affairs correspondent@BBCDomCon Twitter The Saudi national was born in December 1966 and settled in the UK 30 years later. Before that he had lived and studied in the United States and acted as a translator for US personnel during the first Gulf War. After coming to the UK he married his wife, Zin Siddique, and the couple have four children. He has spent more time in Guantanamo Bay than in the UK. Soon after the 9/11 attacks on America, he was detained in Afghanistan by bounty hunters tracking down and handing over possible al-Qaeda suspects. He was detained on the basis that he had been allegedly involved in fighting at Tora Bora - that was the al-Qaeda cave stronghold where US forces had been hunting for Osama bin Laden. Mr Aamer denied any involvement in fighting, saying he was in Afghanistan carrying out humanitarian work. Mr Aamer was first held by the US forces at Bagram air force base near Kabul. His lawyers say that he was forced to stay awake for nine days, denied food, doused in freezing water and made to stand on concrete in the winter for 16 hours. On one occasion, a British intelligence officer was allegedly in the room when Mr Aamer's head was slammed into a wall. That alleged incident led to a legal battle in the British courts to find out what the UK knew about his treatment. Mr Aamer told his lawyers that he had made false confessions to end his torture - but the US military classified him as a threat. They recorded in secret documents that he was a "member of al-Qaeda tied to the European support network" and a "close associate" of Bin Laden himself. The deeper intelligence assessment accused him of being part of a broad network of jihadist-minded individuals, influenced by the radical cleric Abu Qatada, that had originated in the UK in the years after the Bosnian War. Camp leader On Valentine's Day 2002, Mr Aamer was transferred to Guantanamo Bay where his lawyers say he suffered further abuse. They say he was subjected to a form of "cell extraction" which involved the use of violence against "non-compliant" prisoners. But he quickly became a leading figure and spokesman for other prisoners - and camp commanders negotiated with him to help end a hunger strike. Moazzam Begg, who was held in Guantanamo during some of this period, says that the release is long overdue. "Shaker has been subjected to almost 14 years without charge or trial in Guantanamo," he told the BBC. "He has spent a huge amount of his time in solitary confinement. He lost more than half his body weight at several junctures during that period because of the hunger strikes. He's been force fed, with tubes forced into his nose, being strapped down to a chair, with his head and his legs also tied down." In 2013, the US news programme 60 Minutes broadcast a special report from inside the detention centre. Shaker Aamer began shouting from his cell as the journalists filmed outside. "Please, we are tired," he could be heard saying. "Either you leave us to die in peace or either tell the world the truth. Please, Colonel, act with us like a human being, not like slaves. You cannot walk not even half a meter without being chained." During his incarceration, Shaker Aamer says he witnessed three deaths which, in his view, amounted to homicide. This allegation has not been proven in court and the US military has denied criminal abuses were committed at Guantanamo. Case dropped In 2007, the US authorities completely dropped any case against him when they said that he was being cleared for release. However, the jail gates didn't swing open. The UK asked Washington to let him out to return to his family. Two years later a second US tribunal approved his release - and again nothing happened. A succession of British foreign secretaries have raised the case with Washington, backed by parliamentarians, human rights groups and justice campaigners. Earlier this year Prime Minister David Cameron personally raised the case again with President Obama. Why he is getting out now, and what happens to him next, is simply unclear. Security researcher Robin Simcox of the Henry Jackson Society think tank says that Mr Aamer presents a potential threat to national security. "The United States government believes him to be a military-trained al-Qaeda member who recruited for extremist causes and had close ties to Osama bin Laden," he says. "He was a hugely influential figure at Guantanamo Bay known to be able to exert influence over detainees and guards alike." The earliest Shaker Aamer can return home will be 25 October, at the end of a formal period during which the US Congress has the power to review the decision. Assuming he is returning, on his arrival in the UK Mr Aamer will, like other Guantanamo detainees before him, be met by British security officials and, potentially, questioned. He will then be returned to his family and will be medically and psychiatrically assessed. The news that Shaker Aamer is going to be released came after he had been held at Guantanamo for 13 years, 7 months and 11 days. That is exactly the same age as his youngest son, Faris, born the day he arrived at the camp - his fourth child, whom he has never met.

शेकर आमेर ग्वांतानामो बे में एक जेल कोठरी में अंतिम ब्रिटिश निवासी है। और उस समय के अधिकांश समय के लिए, बंदी 239, अपने आधिकारिक नंबर का उपयोग करने के लिए, रिहाई के लिए मंजूरी दिए जाने के बावजूद आयोजित किया गया है।


Yachts towed to safety from rocks near Isle of Man

Summary: Two yachts have been towed to safety by the Isle of Man lifeboat after getting into trouble near breakwater rocks.

The craft were brought back to Port Erin Bay on 3 June after problems with strong winds and engine failure. An RNLI spokesman said it was the second emergency call-out for yachts during the weekend. On Saturday night at about 21:30 BST crews were alerted after a catamaran with five people on board experienced engine failure. There were no injures in the incident which happened between Holyhead and the Isle of Man.

ब्रेकवाटर चट्टानों के पास परेशानी में पड़ने के बाद आइल ऑफ मैन लाइफबोट द्वारा दो नौकाओं को सुरक्षित स्थान पर ले जाया गया है।


Janet Commins: How police caught her killer after 41 years

Summary: The killing of Flintshire schoolgirl Janet Commins made headlines across the UK in 1976. Now, ex-soldier Stephen Hough has been jailed for 12 years for her rape and manslaughter. He was caught by his DNA 40 years on, even though another man spent six years in prison for the crime.

By Delyth LloydBBC News On the evening of 7 January 1976, 15-year-old Janet Commins asked her mother Eileen if she could go swimming with her friends. Her mother said no, as she thought Janet looked a bit pale, but the teenager sneaked out of the family's bungalow in King Edward Drive anyway, leaving a note to say she would be back by half past eight. She never came home. Four days later, Janet's lifeless body was found under a thicket near a school playing field by three girls playing hide and seek. She had been suffocated during a savage sexual assault. She had bruising under her chin, abrasions to her neck and a wound in her scalp. Her body had been dragged along the ground and although she was still clothed, both her shoes were missing. Mud found on Janet's clothing indicated part of the attack took place at the town's Gorsedd Circle, a permanent reminder of when the National Eisteddfod came to Flint in 1969. The town - at that time a small, close-knit community - went into shock. "It had a profound and devastating effect on Flint," said local councillor Alex Aldridge. "It was an extraordinary feeling, I had a daughter who was just under two at the time and to think a young girl had befallen this awful fate, robbed of life. "It's something you'll never forget. It's still raw and it's still hurtful." Police mounted a huge manhunt, drafting in about 120 officers to scour the area around the crime scene and conduct house-to-house inquiries. Journalist Paul Mewies, who covered the story at the time, said it made the headlines across the UK. "I can remember how not just the town of Flint but a much wider area was shocked by this awful case - the fact that a schoolgirl was killed on a playing field," he said. "It stuck in my mind. I've reported on a number of tragedies over my career but this one does stand out." Ann Dunn, who lived close to the field where Janet's body was discovered, remembers the town "swarming with policemen". "It was quite upsetting," she said. "There was a lot of fear at the time. People were frightened it would happen again." About 10,000 people were quizzed by police and all local men aged 17-22 were asked to account for their movements. Among them was Stephen Hough, who had turned 17 the day after Janet's body was found and whose grandparents' house overlooked the area where her body had been hidden. But police ruled him out after he told them he had been stealing petrol on the night of the killing - a crime for which he was later prosecuted and fined. Their attention turned to Noel Jones, a barely literate 18-year-old traveller from Coedpoeth, Wrexham. He was picked up the day Janet's body was discovered and at first denied all knowledge of the crime. But later his girlfriend told police he had confessed to killing Janet and had asked her to provide him with an alibi. After two days of questioning, he signed two detailed confession statements. On the second day of his murder trial in June 1976, he admitted manslaughter and was sentenced to 12 years in prison. As Noel Jones served his time, Hough must have thought he had got away with it. But 41 years on, advances in DNA profiling finally brought him to justice. In 2006, police carried out a cold case review and DNA from a man was identified in samples which had been taken from Janet's body and stored for three decades. Ten years after that, police took a sample of Hough's DNA when he was arrested for sexually assaulting a 15-year-old girl - a crime he later admitted and for which he has been given three years in prison. In a routine cross-matching exercise, it was linked to sperm cells found on Janet's body. Mold Crown Court heard there was a billion-to-one chance it did not belong to Hough. Despite the evidence, Hough insisted he was innocent - repeatedly answering "no comment" in police interviews and telling the court he had "no explanation" for why his DNA was found on Janet's body. The jury cleared him of murder but convicted him of Janet's rape, sexual assault and manslaughter. The case also throws a spotlight on policing practices 40 years ago. Giving evidence by video link, Noel Jones described the six years he spent in prison as a "nightmare" which "absolutely destroyed my life". He has never challenged his conviction, but says he is innocent and only confessed because police had pressured and coerced him. The man who led the original investigation, Eric Evans - who later rose to the rank of deputy chief constable - also gave evidence at Hough's trial. He told the court nobody thought to offer Noel Jones a solicitor during the initial stages of his questioning because he wanted to investigate "properly and thoroughly". Police could be "impeded" by solicitors representing clients, he said, adding that "there was no requirement in those days for a person to be advised that he could have a solicitor". It remains to be seen what action will now be taken over Noel Jones' conviction. The Independent Police Complaints Commission is probing the North Wales force's handling of the original case in 1976 and when it was revisited 30 years later. Whatever the outcome of that investigation, Janet's family now knows for sure who killed her. "I hope there is closure for her mum," said councillor Alex Aldridge. "The law has completed its part but no matter what the verdict, the loss is beyond belief." "This young girl never experienced life, possibly getting married, having children, becoming a grandmother. "Flint will never forget Janet. It's four generations now - over 40 years - and her memory is as fresh today, in a good way, that we are remembering and honouring her name."

फ्लिंटशायर की स्कूली छात्रा जेनेट कमिन्स की हत्या ने 1976 में पूरे ब्रिटेन में सुर्खियां बटोरी। अब, पूर्व सैनिक स्टीफन हॉफ को उसके बलात्कार और हत्या के लिए 12 साल की जेल हुई है। वह 40 साल बाद उसके डीएनए द्वारा पकड़ा गया था, भले ही एक अन्य व्यक्ति ने अपराध के लिए छह साल जेल में बिताए थे।


Unemployment in Wales falls 1,000 between September and November

Summary: Unemployment in Wales has fallen by 1,000, official figures show.

The number of people out of work fell to 124,000 between September and November 2012, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) has said. In Wales, 8.4% of the population is out of work. Across the UK, unemployment fell by 37,000 between September and November to 2.49 million - the lowest figure since May 2010. Welsh government Business Minister Edwina Hart said the figures showed the situation remained "challenging". "The poor performance of the global economy, together with spending cuts imposed by the UK government, which will not support growth or jobs, mean our economic prospects continue to be very uncertain," she said. The UK's economic inactivity rate is the highest in Wales (25.0%) and lowest in the east of England (19.6%), according to the figures. The Federation of Small Businesses (FSB) in Wales cautiously welcomed the fall, but Janet Jones, who chairs its policy unit, said: "Clearly the challenge is to get more people back into work and economically active, and it's disappointing to see very little progress on this a year on." She said it was important that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) had continual support from both the Welsh and UK governments as they were key "pathways to employment for the unemployed and those who have been economically inactive for a long time". The ONS uses an internationally-recognised survey to produce an estimate of the UK's workforce every month. The number of people claiming jobseeker's allowance last month fell by 12,100 to 1.56 million. Across the UK, a record number of people are in work after another fall in unemployment and a further dip in the numbers claiming jobseeker's allowance. Almost 30 million adults were in a job in the quarter to last November, up by more than half a million on the previous year. 'Nearly flat' The figure, giving an employment rate of 71%, is the highest since records began in 1971. The ONS said the largest quarterly decrease in employment was in Wales, a drop of 1.2 percentage points. However, statisticians said this appeared to be due mainly to an unusually high estimate for the three months to August 2012. "The underlying pattern for Wales appears to be nearly flat," said the ONS. Unemployment fell by 37,000 in the latest quarter to just under 2.5 million, the lowest since spring 2011. It was the 10th consecutive fall and was coupled with another cut in the number of people claiming jobseeker's allowance, which was down by 12,100 last month to 1.56 million, the lowest since June 2011. The number of job vacancies in the economy increased by 10,000 to almost half a million at the end of last year, the highest number for four years.

आधिकारिक आंकड़ों से पता चलता है कि वेल्स में बेरोजगारी में 1,000 की गिरावट आई है।


Hartlepool death: Six murder arrests after body found

Summary: Six men have been arrested on suspicion of murder after a man's body was found at a house in Hartlepool.

Emergency services were called to Rydal Street, at 21:00 BST on Monday after reports of a disturbance. Cleveland Police has not yet revealed information on the victim's identity or cause of death but said he was aged 39. The men, aged between 30 and 54, are held on suspicion of murder, and a further man, aged 26 has been arrested on suspicion of assisting an offender.

हार्टलपूल में एक घर में एक व्यक्ति का शव मिलने के बाद हत्या के संदेह में छह लोगों को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Horley death: Woman charged with murdering man

Summary: A woman has been charged with murdering a man found dead at a property in Surrey.

Jennifer Gwen Lloyd, 55, was arrested on Monday after a body was discovered at an address in Upfield Close, Horley. Formal identification has not yet taken place, but police believe the victim is Nigel Chapman, 62. Ms Lloyd, of Hyperion Walk in Horley, has been remanded in custody and is due to appear at Guildford Crown Court on 10 December.

एक महिला पर सरे में एक संपत्ति में मृत पाए गए एक व्यक्ति की हत्या का आरोप लगाया गया है।


Flint couple 'extremely lucky' after flat fire rescue

Summary: A couple were "extremely lucky" to be rescued from a fire at their flat which did not have working smoke alarms.

North Wales Fire and Rescue Service said it was alerted to the blaze on Chester Street in Flint on Thursday by a worker from the shop below. The fire is thought to have started in an immersion heater. Senior Fire Safety Manager Kevin Roberts said: "The couple received oxygen therapy at the scene and were extremely lucky to escape unharmed. "This fire could very easily have gone unnoticed and have resulted in more serious injuries or even fatalities." He said it was "vital" homes were fitted with smoke alarms.

एक दंपति "बेहद भाग्यशाली" थे कि उन्हें अपने फ्लैट में लगी आग से बचाया गया, जिसमें धुएँ के अलार्म नहीं थे।


Bristol's Stokes Croft: Battle over 'home' of Banksy

Summary: A derelict listed building at risk of being lost could finally be redeveloped, but hundreds of people have objected to the plans that will be debated later. Developing the Carriageworks would provide much-needed housing in Bristol and rid the Stokes Croft community of an "eyesore". But, would it destroy the soul of an area famed for street art by the likes of Banksy?

By Caroline LowbridgeBBC News "He's arguably the most significant artist ever to come out of Bristol," says Chris Chalkley, chairman of community group the Peoples Republic of Stokes Croft (PRSC). "That building, which was the first carriage showroom anywhere, deserves better than to be turned into luxury flats." Mr Chalkley is not talking about artist Banksy, who painted his famed mural The Mild Mild West further along Stokes Croft. He is talking about architect EW Godwin, who built the Grade II* listed Carriageworks in 1862, for horse carriage manufacturers John Perry and Sons. The building was later used as offices for Regional Pools Promotions, and in the 1960s the organisation added the concrete building Westmoreland House next door. But, both buildings have been empty for three decades, and their deterioration largely contributed to English Heritage classifying the entire Stokes Croft Conservation Area as "at risk". Now, a planning application for Westmoreland House to be demolished and for the Carriageworks to be turned into 118 flats has been recommended for approval at a Bristol City Council meeting later. So why is there wide opposition? Fifteen influential people - including the executive chairman of Aardman Animations, and the council's former head of planning services - have signed an open letter calling for the proposals to be rejected. The report for the council's planning committee also acknowledges 1361 objections from the public, while there have been just 21 responses in support. Many people, including the PRSC, fear the gentrification of the area. "If this development goes ahead it will irrevocably change the nature of the area," said Mr Chalkley. "Stokes Croft is an area that's always had an independent spirit. It's an area that's become a beacon of alternative thinking." He remembers Stokes Croft being "shunned" through decades of neglect by people in power, but says the community turned the area around for itself. People now come from all over the world to see the street art and experience being in an "outdoor gallery", he says. "We now find ourselves where after 30 years of dereliction, and the community having developed within that, all of that can be swept away because some developers from elsewhere deem that might be a good thing," says Mr Chalkley. "In 2011, this community had Tesco forced upon it and we saw what happened." Opposition to Tesco led to two nights of violent clashes between protesters and police. A protest march is also planned against the Carriageworks development, to coincide with the council meeting. English Heritage, which has since been succeeded by Historic England, has backed the council in support of the application. The site has been on the Heritage At Risk Register since 1998, and is one of Historic England's risk priority sites in the South West. In his letter to the council Simon Ramsden, principal inspector of historic buildings and areas, said he hoped the proposals "can be delivered in the near future in order to prevent any further damage" to the important building. The Carriageworks Action Group (CAG), an alliance of residents and businesses, agrees the building needs developing, but says the proposals are not good enough. "What's proposed is bland, boring and a pastiche, what you would find in any boring high street in any clone town in the country," says Lori Streich, who chairs the group. The group wants an "innovative and interesting design" that befits the "iconic and fantastic" design of the Carriageworks. CAG, supported by the council, had been working on its own proposals with a housing association called Knightstone, but these were put on hold following the planning application by Fifth Capital London. The community had wanted a mix of affordable housing and units for small businesses. "What we want and what the community desperately needs is affordable housing, and the Fifth Capital proposals are for only eight out of 118 to be affordable," says Ms Streich. The city's mayor, George Ferguson, says the council remains "committed to the regeneration of this eyesore site", and will continue to consider options for a compulsory purchase order should the owner either fail to secure planning consent or to develop the site. Bristol Civic Society supported the work of CAG and Knightstone, but also supports the current planning application. It has wanted the Carriageworks to be developed for years, although it has opposed all previous planning applications. "The current application is a pretty attractive one," says chairman Simon Birch. "The quality of the architecture is good and if it gets built in the way that is proposed it will look fantastic." He believes the 1960s building is "a horror" and welcomes its demolition. Fifth Capital London director Marc Pennick sounds surprised by the opposition he has encountered in Bristol. "People say they want investment but it seems that certain factions of the area don't want change," he says. Fifth Capital London does not own the property, but Mr Pennick says he has agreed to buy it from Comer Homes if planning permission is given. He likes the Carriageworks because it is a listed building, and he sees it as "a great opportunity to put something back into the area". Mr Pennick estimates between £15m and £20m is needed to develop it, and the only way to raise this "serious amount of money" is by building and selling flats. The decision is now in the hands of councillors, but Mr Pennick says he will "find a way forward" even if they refuse permission. "I've started this," he says. "I'm not going to stop."

खो जाने के खतरे में एक परित्यक्त सूचीबद्ध इमारत को अंततः पुनर्विकसित किया जा सकता था, लेकिन सैकड़ों लोगों ने उन योजनाओं पर आपत्ति जताई है जिन पर बाद में बहस की जाएगी। कैरिजवर्क्स को विकसित करने से ब्रिस्टल में बहुत आवश्यक आवास उपलब्ध होगा और स्टोक्स क्रॉफ्ट समुदाय को "आंखों के दर्द" से छुटकारा मिलेगा। लेकिन, क्या यह बैंक्सी जैसे लोगों द्वारा सड़क कला के लिए प्रसिद्ध क्षेत्र की आत्मा को नष्ट कर देगा?


North Belfast: Homes evacuated after north Belfast arson attack

Summary: Homes in north Belfast were evacuated on Sunday morning when a gas line ruptured following a suspected arson attack.

Rubbish was placed at the back of a house in Kingston Court and set alight at about 01:00 BST. Neighbouring houses were evacuated when the gas line ruptured. No-one was in the property at the time but police said the incident, which is being treated as an arson attack, posed a "significant risk" to those nearby. PSNI Det Serg Natalie Moore said: "Thankfully the emergency services arrived and were able to deal with the incident and move people away from danger before the fire spread."

उत्तरी बेलफास्ट में रविवार की सुबह घरों को खाली करा लिया गया जब एक संदिग्ध आगजनी हमले के बाद एक गैस लाइन टूट गई।


Man in court over partner's murder in Louth

Summary: A man has appeared in court charged with the murder of his partner at her home in Lincolnshire.

Marie Gibson, 35, was pronounced dead at her home in Lacey Gardens, Louth, on Saturday, police said. Shane Murphy, 27, of Little Lane, Louth appeared at Lincoln Magistrates' Court earlier and was remanded to appear at Lincoln Crown Court on Tuesday. Lincolnshire Police is appealing for witnesses who were in the area early on Saturday afternoon.

लिंकनशायर में अपने साथी की उसके घर पर हत्या के आरोप में एक व्यक्ति अदालत में पेश हुआ है।


Viewpoint: Why Modi's Kashmir move is widely supported in India

Summary: Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said in his Independence Day speech on Thursday that his government's decision to strip autonomy from the part of Kashmir it controls would bring substantial development to the region. Ashok Malik, Distinguished Fellow at Delhi's Observer Research Foundation, argues that a hardening of views across India towards Kashmir has also created a climate where such a move was possible.

In July 2016, the Kashmir valley erupted following the killing of militant leader Burhan Wani in an anti-insurgency operation. Wani and the violence in the aftermath of his death represented a new phase in the Kashmir unrest, and the cries for azaadi (freedom) were overwhelmed by calls for jihad. This was no longer a call for an independent Kashmir or even for merger with Pakistan; it was a call for a caliphate. The slogans, videos and imagery of the Islamic State group and similar organisations began to exercise significant influence among many young men of Kashmir. The events of 2016 had another impact - they brought the ferocity and trenchant rhetoric of Kashmiri separatism into the heart of demonstrations against Prime Minister Narendra Modi by left-wing groups on campuses, media debates and public platforms across India. Historically, the Kashmir problem had not been an Indian Muslim dispute. The Kashmiri Muslims considered themselves distinct from all (other) Indians, whether Muslim or Hindu. In recent years, the number of young Kashmiri Muslims studying and working in the rest of India has grown significantly. Kashmiri Muslims have become part of campus politics, being elected to student offices in prestigious national educational institutes like the Jawaharlal Nehru University and Aligarh Muslim University, for instance. They can be found working in distant Kerala and Goa. Even so, the osmosis has proved to be a mixed blessing. The Indian state may have hoped that this would introduce young Kashmiris to the diversity and economic opportunities of India and give them a greater sense of association with the country. While that has happened to some degree, it has also allowed separatist ideas to intersect with the causes being espoused by the radical left, as well as with a small yet susceptible section of young Indian Muslims. After 2016, the thread that bound these disparate groups was a hostility to Mr Modi and to the Indian state - in their imagination, now juxtaposed as one. In public opinion in the rest of India, this led to a backlash. It was not only because Mr Modi was being demonised - despite the prime minister's personal popularity it would be too simplistic to reduce this complex phenomenon to an individual. It occurred because public impatience with Kashmiri politicians, with Kashmiri "victimhood", with Kashmiri secessionist tendencies, with violent street protests in Kashmir and with Kashmir-related terrorism had reached a historic peak. It has not been sufficiently appreciated that Kashmir as a conflict zone (and by extension, Pakistan) is no longer a discourse limited to north India, but is engaged with across the country. There are two reasons for this: Both of these factors have made Kashmir a deeply-felt, all-India issue of unusual intensity. Anecdotal and empirical evidence bears this out. In February 2019, Indian air force pilot Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman bailed out after a dogfight over Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. Shortly afterwards, he was captured by the Pakistani military. On 1 March, he was released and crossed over to India. His release, this author was told by a senior journalist from Kerala - in the far south of India - had among the highest television ratings for the fortnight in the state, trumping even soap operas. The Pulwama car bombing provided more sombre evidence. It took place in the Muslim-majority Kashmir valley two weeks prior to the Abhinandan Varthaman episode and saw the killing of 40 troopers of the paramilitary Central Reserve Police Force. Between them, these men came from 16 of India's states. Their bodies went home to tears and emotional funerals in locations as far apart as northern Uttar Pradesh, north-eastern Assam and southern Karnataka. Slowly, sedulously the hardened sentiment on Kashmir had acquired a pan-Indian footprint. An obvious upshot was and is a frustration with the status quo in Kashmir and a fatigue with what is seen as the familiar cycle of victimhood and violence, blackmail and bluster. Politically the ground was fertile for a break from the past and for a new initiative, however audacious it may be. Courtesy: Observer Research Foundation

भारतीय प्रधान मंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी ने गुरुवार को अपने स्वतंत्रता दिवस के भाषण में कहा कि कश्मीर के उस हिस्से से स्वायत्तता छीनने के उनकी सरकार के फैसले से इस क्षेत्र में पर्याप्त विकास होगा। दिल्ली के ऑब्जर्वर रिसर्च फाउंडेशन के प्रतिष्ठित फेलो अशोक मलिक का तर्क है कि कश्मीर के प्रति भारत भर में कठोर विचारों ने एक ऐसा माहौल भी बनाया है जहां इस तरह का कदम संभव था।


Bodnant Garden opens Far End for first time in 140 years

Summary: A section of a well known Conwy Valley garden has opened to the public for the first time since it was created 140 years ago.

Bodnant Garden staff have spent five years restoring Far End as part of the 80 acre (32 hectare) site, known for its botanical collections. Laid out by creator Henry Pochin from 1874, Far End was designed as a wild garden. The National Trust-run garden stretches over 10 acres (four hectares). Far End includes a small lake, known as the skating pond, which has is its own island, as well as a boat house.

एक प्रसिद्ध कॉनवी घाटी उद्यान का एक खंड 140 साल पहले बनाए जाने के बाद पहली बार जनता के लिए खोला गया है।


Bradford shooting: Woman in her 50s shot in 'targeted attack'

Summary: A woman in her 50s has been shot in Bradford.

Police were called to an address in Barkerend Road after reports of shots being fired at about 23:30 BST on Sunday. The woman was found with suspected gunshot wounds and taken to hospital for treatment, where she is said to be in a stable condition. It is believed to have been a targeted attack and roads have been closed near the junction with Killinghall Road. A West Yorkshire Police spokesperson said: "Extra patrols will be operating in the area today to provide reassurance to the community." More stories from around Yorkshire Follow BBC Yorkshire on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Send your story ideas to yorkslincs.news@bbc.co.uk.

ब्रैडफोर्ड में 50 साल की एक महिला को गोली मार दी गई है।


Connaught to go into administration

Summary: BBC business editor Robert Peston on the plight of property services group

Connaught, the property services group that specialises in social housing, is on the brink of going into administration, according to bankers close to the company. An announcement is expected tomorrow, I have learned. Connaught, which employs 10,000 people, has £220m of debt, provided by half a dozen banks and a quartet of other creditors. The lead bank is Royal Bank of Scotland, which recently provided Connaught with a further £15m in an attempt to keep the group going. Connaught ran into serious difficulties over the past couple of months, after it emerged that a series of contracts would be lossmaking. The management, under a new chairman, Sir Roy Gardner, the chairmen of Compass, the catering giant, has tried to put together a rescue plan. However its bank creditors have decided instead to put the business in administration, under UK insolvency procedures. In spite of the severity of the economic crisis that engulfed the UK in 2008, few listed businesses have collapsed. In that sense, Connaught, a FTSE 250 company which at one stage had a market value of well over £500m, is unusual. You can keep up with the latest from business editor Robert Peston by visiting his blog on the BBC News website.

संपत्ति सेवा समूह की दुर्दशा पर बीबीसी के व्यापार संपादक रॉबर्ट पेस्टन


A year later: Liberals still haunted by Trump win

Summary: Just over a year ago, the political left in the US watched in shock as what seemed unimaginable happened - Donald Trump won the presidency. Since then, they've mourned, they've marched, and they've moved on. Sort of.

Anthony ZurcherNorth America reporter@awzurcheron Twitter There was a moment on the first full day of the Women's Convention in Detroit, Michigan, last month when the audience came alive. Linda Sarsour, a co-chair of the event, was moderating a panel about activism in the era of Trump, and glanced down at her phone. She then announced to the cavernous conference hall that there were reports that independent counsel Robert Mueller was about to release his first indictments related to his investigation into possible ties between the Trump presidential campaign and the Russian government. Thousands of women who had travelled from across the US to attend four days of seminars, speeches and sessions, stood and cheered for nearly half a minute. For the attendees it seemed a cathartic experience, a glimmer of hope after months of political darkness. But the moment passed, and it was back to considering the slow, steady grind of activism and outreach that continues, nearly a year after Mr Trump's victory left many of them emotionally broken. For a handful of seconds, there was the prospect that, someday, a real victory could be achieved. "Winning is amazing," Deirdre Schifeling, executive director of Planned Parenthood Action Fund. "Winning kicks ass. Winning is intoxicating. We need to win more and lose less." A year ago - as Hillary Clinton went down to defeat - winning seemed a long way off. And for many of the women in Detroit, it's been a long road back. The morning after As election night 2016 drew to a close, Amanda Litman, who had spent nearly two years on Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign, says she felt physically ill. After she left the Clinton headquarters at the Javits Center in New York, she looked at the people in the street suspiciously. "I don't know who to trust anymore," she remembers thinking. "I don't know what this country is anymore." It was a common sentiment among many liberals in the days after the election - a sense of shock, as they faced the prospect of living in Donald Trump's America. Brandi Collins, senior campaign director for the civil-rights activism group Color of Change, recounts an organisational conference call the day after the election. "People were crying," she says. "People were angry. People were in shock. And we had 1.3 million members who were looking at us to do something." Colleen Flanagan, executive director of Disability Action for America, says that Trump's election was "pretty freaking scary". She notes that candidate Trump drew sharp criticism for seemingly mocking a disabled reporter - but he won anyway. "No apology, no admission" she says of Mr Trump. "He says disabled people should be put down, and I'm one of those people." After the election Littman describes being wracked by guilt. As a Clinton campaign worker, she felt like she did all she could - but she also felt a grave sense of responsibility. "I remember for months, every woman I saw on the street I wanted to apologise to," she says. "Little girls, little boys, I wanted to tell them, I'm so sorry this is the president you're going to grow up with." In room after room, seminar after seminar, over the course of the four-day convention in Detroit, women recounted their initial reactions to the news of Mr Trump's win. Some initially thought it wouldn't be too bad; that Candidate Trump might morph into a more moderate, restrained President Trump. Diane Russell, a former Maine legislator now running for governor, says she knew otherwise, having experienced seven years under Maine Governor Paul LePage, who ran as a blunt outsider and boasts that his victory helped foreshadow Mr Trump's. "It's going to be really bad," she remembers telling her friends. "I don't think you know what's coming. He means what he said." Days of Reckoning After the election, liberal fears were confirmed. Mr Trump assembled a conservative administration and continued tweeting and speaking in a confrontational, unvarnished style. At his swearing in ceremony, he gave his "American carnage" inaugural address. The following day, hundreds of thousands of women across the US took to the streets to protest - organised by the same women who would later put on the Detroit convention. For Litman, it was a bittersweet moment. "I wish we had seen this kind of energy six months ago, because then maybe we wouldn't be having this march in the first place," she remembers thinking. "To see people marching on the sisterhood's behalf was really moving … and really sad." Then - after weeks of "sleeping, drinking, crying and figuring out what to do with my life" - Litman says she decided to fight back. She founded the group Run for Something, which recruits and sponsors millennials to run for local political office. "I needed something to absorb my grief and my rage and my depression into," she says. "Working is an incredible way not to have to deal with your feelings." That was a common sentiment among the attendees of the Women's Convention. "It was really a moment of reckoning for us," says Collins of Color for Change. "We just decided we were going to say to our members that we're all in, that our goal is to make Trump unsuccessful as president and to make this administration unsuccessful." Initially, her group tried to block the confirmation of the president's cabinet nominees. Most were easily confirmed. Some, like Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos, squeaked through. "We didn't know what a win would look like in this climate or whether a win was even possible," says Collins. Then they drew blood, latching on to sexual harassment allegations against conservative Fox News talk show host Bill O'Reilly. After a comprehensive campaign, O'Reilly resigned - their first high-profile scalp, which she says helped build momentum for successful campaigns to force the president's business councils to disband and presaged the wave of sexual harassment awareness that crested with the Harvey Weinstein scandal. In the months after Mr Trump's inauguration, Flanagan focused her efforts on blocking Republican efforts to repeal Barack Obama's healthcare reforms. She was part of a group of disabled protesters who assembled in the hallways of the US Capitol until they were arrested and forcibly removed by police. "As an activist, it was very, very inspiring," she says of the successful efforts to derail Republican plans. "Our community of activism around disability rights is used to losing. To see that right now Obamacare is not repealed is a win." Everyone in Detroit had a story of struggle and hopes of success. Holistic healer/coach Ginny Dodge from Rochester, Michigan, ran a seminar session on "how self-care fuels rebellion" - coaching conference attendees on how to stay mentally balanced when the drumbeat of Trump news makes them scared and angry. She says much of her private practice post-election has been teaching her clients how to take negative emotions and use them to fuel activity and positive energy. Athena Soules of Brooklyn paraded around the convention hall carrying a #metoo lighted sign - a reference to the viral sexual harassment awareness campaign. She constructed a collection of light boards that were displayed during a Saturday evening "social justice concert". "I was inspired, motivated to figure out how I could best use my messaging not only to resist, but to fight back," she says. "I'm able to contribute with my art. It's very empowering." Ghosts of 2016 Despite the optimism and energy at the Women's Convention, trouble still lurks for the Resist movement - and the Democratic Party as a whole. November 2016 may be a year in the past, but its ghosts still haunt liberals. "Something happened, and women let it happen," Congresswoman Brenda Lawrence of Michigan said in her convention speech. "We have to do some soul-searching. We can never allow what happened last November to ever happen again." Ms Lawrence was a late addition to the convention line-up. Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders was originally invited as a keynote speaker at the event but withdrew after sharp criticism from some convention participants. They had questioned whether a man should have a prominent position at a women's conference and expressed resentment over his contentious primary campaign against Democrat Hillary Clinton. Less than a week after the convention wrapped up, former Democratic National Committee head Donna Brazile revealed that the Clinton campaign had exercised effective control over the party apparatus months before the Democratic primaries began. This has prompted Sanders supporters, of which there were many at the Women's Convention, to re-air old complaints of a "rigged" Democratic system. Then there's the concern that the resistance risks being too focused on opposition to Mr Trump, instead of detailing its own agenda and priorities. "When we talk about reclaiming our time, it's not necessarily about one person or one administration, because if we make it about that, then we are only reclaiming it for a moment," former Ohio state Senator Nina Turner told convention-goers on Friday night. "The fact that we are women and we can shake and shape the world means for me we are reclaiming our time for history and beyond." History, however, has a way of biting back. And Litman still says she sometimes wakes thinking the past year has been a bad dream, only to turn on her phone and face the truth. "I don't think I'll ever get over it," Litman says. "I am now a person who worked for Hillary Clinton and lost the presidential election. Of the thousands of staffers and volunteers around the country, this is just who we are now. And that is sort of a startling thing to realise." Then, like the thousands of other women who came to Detroit to imagine a day when winning is more than just an applause line, she goes to work.

बस एक साल पहले, अमेरिका में राजनीतिक वामपंथियों ने सदमे में देखा कि क्या हुआ जो अकल्पनीय लग रहा था-डोनाल्ड ट्रम्प ने राष्ट्रपति पद जीता। तब से, वे शोक मना रहे हैं, उन्होंने मार्च किया है, और वे आगे बढ़ गए हैं।


Woman dies in Christmas Day crash in Cheshire

Summary: A man has been arrested after a woman died in a two-car crash on Christmas Day.

It happened on the A536 Macclesfield Road, North Rode, Cheshire, at about 16:15 GMT. The 46-year-old woman, from Cheshire, was one of the drivers and died at the scene. The man, from Stockport, was arrested on suspicion of drug driving and death by dangerous driving, Cheshire Police said. He has been released while inquiries continue. The force is appealing for witnesses to come forward.

क्रिसमस के दिन दो कारों की दुर्घटना में एक महिला की मौत के बाद एक व्यक्ति को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Release date for Jurassic Park 4 confirmed by Universal

Summary: A release date has finally been revealed for Jurassic Park 4.

By Steve HoldenNewsbeat reporter Universal Pictures announced on Twitter that a fourth instalment of the dinosaur movie series is due to come out on 13 June 2014. As yet, no director or cast have been announced but Steven Spielberg will return to produce the film. The Jurassic Park trilogy remains one of the most successful movie franchises of all time. The third instalment, directed by Joe Johnston, was released in 2001. Last year, co-producer Kathleen Kennedy told website comingsoon.net: "We're trying to come up with a story that makes sense and isn't going to disappoint people and is, hopefully, going to get people excited and reinvigorate the franchise." Robopocalypse News comes after it revealed that Steven Spielberg's new film Robopocalypse has been indefinitely postponed. The sci-fi movie was set to begin filming this spring and be released in April 2014. Robopocalypse is based on a book about a war between humans and robots and is due to star Anne Hathaway and Chris Hemsworth. Disney has not given any reason for the delay and no new release date has been announced. There are reports that the director wasn't happy with the script and budget estimates. Spielberg's latest film Lincoln has been nominated for 10 Bafta awards and 12 Oscars. Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter

आखिरकार जुरासिक पार्क 4 की रिलीज की तारीख का खुलासा कर दिया गया है।


Denis Norden recalls comedy pioneer early years

Summary: It is a decade since Denis Norden retired after a long career as a writer and broadcaster. To younger audiences, he's known as the host of It'll Be Alright on the Night, ITV's long-running series of compilations of TV cock-ups. But at 94, he's also perhaps the last survivor of the writers and performers who in the late 1940s reinvented radio comedy.

By Vincent DowdArts reporter, BBC News It is exactly three-quarters of a century since Norden first sold a programme idea to the BBC. In August 1941, as a 19-year-old awaiting his RAF call-up, he somehow got the head of the BBC's gramophone department to accept a six-part series called Let's Go to the Holborn, about the variety theatre the Holborn Empire. They were the first of countless scripts he was to write for the corporation. 'Like Morecambe and Wise' From 1947 until the early 1960s, the endless pressure of thinking up jokes was shared with Frank Muir, who died in 1998. It's impossible to think of post-war British comedy without Muir and Norden. They were as important and as accomplished as Morecambe and Wise, though without the dance routines. Muir and Norden were brought together by the writer Ted Kavanagh, as Norden recalls. "In 1947, Kavanagh was the only comedy writer the British public had ever heard of," Norden says. "He'd written It's That Man Again (ITMA), the big radio hit of the war years. Later he set up a settlement of writers and he decided Frank and I would work well together. "Frank Muir and I had things in common - such as our shared RAF background - but we were also very different. Frank was a performer to his fingertips and would have made a wonderful light comedian." Their first hit on radio was Take It From Here, which they wrote for a decade from 1948. TIFH, as the BBC called it, had some of the characteristics of wartime comedy. But even the earliest Muir and Norden scripts almost always connect with the modern listener whereas a show like ITMA can feel like an historical document. But Norden defends his old boss: "When Ted Kavanagh wrote ITMA the country was a monoculture and we all had the same experiences. "So in a script he'll have a reference to a number eight battery - a notoriously unreliable battery the whole country struggled with in wartime. And the audience falls about laughing in a way which now feels inexplicable. "And of course in wartime the public was listening almost entirely to the BBC so everyone knew all the characters and all the catchphrases." Yet that word "almost", Norden says, has a lot to do with how radio comedy changed after the war. "In the forces we had access to high-powered radios which got the American Forces Network (AFN). The people who became writers and performers after 1945 had often spent the back half of the war listening to Bob Hope and Jack Benny. Ideas on comedy changed. "Spike Milligan was someone influenced by the smart, wisecracking humour on AFN. And Galton and Simpson, though they're slightly younger. "Until then there had been a deference to comedy. But on AFN you'd hear a sketch with, say, Hope and Crosby based around insult humour, and it encouraged writers to push further. It may not sound a radical change but it was." Apart from US radio, and of course films, Norden recalls how influential American comic prose was. "James Thurber and SJ Perelman and Robert Benchley and [the Canadian] Stephen Leacock had an appeal to our generation of writers," he says. "We loved getting smuggled-in copies of New Yorker magazine." One of Thurber's line-drawings of a mournful bloodhound hangs on the wall behind Norden as he speaks. Later editions of Take It From Here can still be heard fairly easily so Norden is happy to discuss two less familiar series, which he and Muir wrote together. In January 1949 they wrote a series called Third Division. It was the first comedy on the BBC's new Third Programme, the forerunner of Radio Three. Muir and Norden shared writing duties with Paul Dehn, who later wrote the film Goldfinger. What leaps out today is the cast - including Peter Sellers, Michael Bentine, Harry Secombe and Benny Hill. "We weren't given much guidance what the BBC wanted except that it shouldn't be like the Light Programme or the Home Service. It was a revue, to use a slightly old-fashioned term: we had two bands to provide the music," Norden says. No recordings appear to have survived so only the typed script allows one sketch in episode two, transmitted on 2 February 1949, to be compared with another recording which appeared on vinyl in 1958. The spoof travelogue Balham - Gateway To The South became Muir and Norden's best-known piece when George Martin re-recorded it for the Peter Sellers album The Best of Sellers. By then, Sellers was a big star and provided all the voices, but in the BBC original he narrates while other roles are taken by Hill, Bentine, Secombe and others. Sellers clearly admired Muir and Norden's writing: The same episode of Third Division provided the sketch Common Entrance on his follow-up comedy album in 1959. Another early series now largely forgotten was In All Directions. It featured Peter Ustinov and Peter Jones and was made in a way which in the early 1950s was extraordinary. The programme was constructed around the idea that the two men were looking for a road they could never find called Copthorne Avenue. But there was no script. 'Extraordinarily fertile brains' "The two Peters would come to the office where Frank and I worked and we would give them a few ideas," Norden says. "Then we would turn on a massive old clunking tape recorder and basically Peter and Peter would extemporise around the ideas: this could go on all morning. "Then they left and Frank and I would listen through and decide what had worked and what hadn't. The next Monday we all met up in the BBC studio and we would get them to ad lib again but this time based around the notes we gave them from the previous session. "What I've always regretted is that somewhere along the way the ad-lib tapes disappeared. Both the Peters had extraordinarily fertile brains and they would be a treasure trove today." Sadly just a single edition of the series made it safely to the sound archives. Third Division and In All Directions were both strikingly ambitious series, proving it wasn't only The Goons which struck off into new radio territory in the 1950s. So does Denis enjoy modern comedy on TV and radio? "I'm not a great fan of the modern style of personal agonising which crops up a bit too often for my liking," he says. "But I recognise the pure gold that runs in Andy Hamilton and Guy Jenkin's work for Outnumbered on TV. And on radio, I really enjoy John Finnemore. "But almost all comedy is of its time. You can't expect audiences now to laugh at what amused people 60 years ago. But people do still enjoy Balham - Gateway to the South. So that's an achievement." Follow us on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, on Instagram at bbcnewsents, or email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

डेनिस नोर्डन को एक लेखक और प्रसारक के रूप में एक लंबे करियर के बाद सेवानिवृत्त हुए एक दशक हो गया है। युवा दर्शकों के लिए, उन्हें इट विल बी ऑलाइट ऑन द नाइट के मेजबान के रूप में जाना जाता है, आईटीवी की टीवी कॉक-अप के संकलन की लंबे समय से चलने वाली श्रृंखला। लेकिन 94 साल की उम्र में, वह शायद उन लेखकों और कलाकारों में से अंतिम उत्तरजीवी भी हैं जिन्होंने 1940 के दशक के अंत में रेडियो कॉमेडी को फिर से स्थापित किया।


GAA and Orange Order brought together in cultural visit

Summary: It was a cultural visit, with a twist.

By Aileen MoynaghBBC News NI At Ballynafeigh Orange Hall in south Belfast, two sections of the community came together to share their cultures. On Saturday, the Ballynafeigh Cultural and Heritage Society gave members of the local Gaelic Athletic Association club (GAA), Bredagh, a tour of the Orange hall. It's fair to say the two groups don't have a lot in common - Ballynafeigh's members being drawn from the Protestant community and GAA members largely being from a Catholic community background. The guests were told about the origins and history of the Orange Order - the 'fraternal' organisation, named for William of Orange, the Protestant Dutchman who seized the thrones of Catholic King James II back in the 'Glorious Revolution' of 1688. The Order still sees itself as a unifying force among Protestants and is a staunch defender of all things British. In contrast, the GAA, an all-Ireland sporting and cultural body, promotes Gaelic games such as Hurling, Football as well as the Irish language. It describes itself as being part of the Irish consciousness, playing an influential role in Irish society. The tour gesture was reciprocated - Bredagh GAA invited members of the Ballynafeigh society to Feile Peile na nÓg, a youth Gaelic football tournament at Cherryvale playing fields. Among those at Ballynafeigh Orange Hall for the visit was DUP MLA Christopher Stalford, who last Sunday accompanied DUP leader Arlene Foster to a GAA match, the Ulster Football Final. Two men at the heart of each institution came up with the idea - Malcolm McFarlane, the chair of Bredagh GAC, and Stephen Biggerstaff, the chair of the Ballynafeigh Cultural and Heritage Centre. "Malcolm came to me there about two weeks ago and he said about the tournament and could he organise a visit to Ballynafeigh Orange Hall and I said not a problem," said Stephen. "I contacted Noel Liggett, the district master and Noel accommodated him without a second thought." The visit is particularly significant for having taken place in Ballynafeigh. The area used to be predominantly Protestant and voted unionist but has become more mixed: the most recent census indicated that 57% of people who live there are from a Catholic community background. As the neighbourhood has become increasingly diverse, there have been some tensions, including an ongoing row over the flying of flags. However, there are hopes a recently instituted flags agreement could point a new way forward in this part of south Belfast. 'Move forward' For Stephen, Saturday's visit was very successful. "I think maybe people came into the hall this morning and they're leaving with a different attitude towards our culture. "You know it's a very small area, Ballynafeigh - people live together. "So hopefully our neighbours will have seen a different side to our culture and hopefully everyone learns from things. "Everyone has to move forward and this is the only way people can move forward by doing things like this and talking." Meanwhile, the Feile Peile na nÓg, which is being hosted by Bredagh GAC, will feature 150 young people and teams from Dublin and Scotland. So there was no better time, according to Malcolm McFarlane, for Bredagh GAC to visit Ballynafeigh Orange Hall. "This is simply about two different cultures and groups on the Ormeau Road getting to understand each other's cultures," said Malcolm. "At the end of the day, we are only custodians for the next generation of children coming through. "It's important that we do the right thing. If we can help each other understand each other and improve where we live, it can't be a bad thing. "That's why it's so important." He added that the invitation from Ballynafeigh was very well received within the GAA club and it was an encouraging sign for the future. Update 6 February January 2020: This article was amended to clarify that religious affiliation does not necessarily denote political affiliation.

यह एक सांस्कृतिक यात्रा थी, जिसमें एक मोड़ था।


A14 lorry driver wakes to find cab in fire in Cambridgeshire

Summary: A sleeping lorry driver had a lucky escape when he woke up to find his vehicle on fire.

The blaze happened on the westbound carriageway near Spaldwick in Cambridgeshire at about 06:50 BST. The A14 had to be closed between junction 18 for Spaldwick and junction 16 for Kimbolton. Police said the lorry driver had been asleep in his cab at the time but was woken by the fire and escaped uninjured. One lane of the road has since reopened.

एक सोता हुआ लॉरी चालक भाग्यशाली बच गया जब वह जाग गया और अपने वाहन में आग लग गई।


Shetland Gas Plant strike over pay called off

Summary: Industrial action at the Shetland Gas Plant has been called off after workers accepted a new pay offer.

More than 80 staff employed by Aker at the Total-operated site were due to strike next week in a row over holiday pay. The result of a ballot by the Unite union showed the majority of members would take the deal. It includes a lump sum and an increase in wages. The plant processes about 10% of the UK's gas supply.

शेटलैंड गैस संयंत्र में औद्योगिक कार्रवाई को श्रमिकों द्वारा एक नए वेतन प्रस्ताव को स्वीकार करने के बाद बंद कर दिया गया है।


'I don't': Why choose civil partnership over marriage?

Summary: A heterosexual couple who want a civil partnership have taken their case to the Court of Appeal in an attempt to change the law. But with all couples now having the right to marry, why opt for civil partnership instead?

By Laura LeaBBC News Clare Phipps and Matt Hawkins met at university in Oxford and have been together for eight-and-a-half years. Both 27, they live together in London now, but church bells won't be ringing any time soon. "When we first got together we sort of knew this was going to be a long-lasting partnership," Clare explains. "There are girls who grew up thinking about their wedding dress but I increasingly felt that outside of the fairytale of it all, that I do not feel like a wife. It just doesn't square with me." Clare's partner Matt says he originally thought they would get married but then had "this realisation that there was another institution out there". In 2005 the Civil Partnership Act came into force, allowing same-sex couples to get legal recognition for their relationships in England and Wales. As of March 2014, they were given the choice of a civil marriage too. But for heterosexual couples, the only option to formalise their relationship remains marriage. Matt says: "I want to have a way to formally recognise the partnership that I have and love. The other side is that we want financial and legal protection. There should be a way for couples like us to be able to get that without having to get married." What is entailed in a civil partnership? In October 2016, a heterosexual couple from London became the first in the UK to enter a civil partnership. Claire Beale, 49, and Martin Loat, 55, had to travel to the Isle of Man, which in July became the only part of the British Isles where both gay and straight couples can register civil partnerships. One of the main incentives for unmarried couples is legal protection. There is no such thing as common law marriage, as family lawyer Lauren Evans of Kingsley Napley explains: "Couples who live together do not have the same protection or tax breaks as married couples. "If you are a couple who are set against marriage, you are missing out and being discriminated against at the moment." The number of civil partnerships a year has fallen from 5,646 in 2013 by 85% in the following two years, when gay marriage became legal. But, in 2015, there were still 861 couples who opted for civil partnerships over marriage. Same-sex couples also have the option to convert their civil partnership to a marriage - 7,732 couples did this in the first six months following the law change. But for some, civil partnership remains the preferred option. Peter Roscoe and his partner Geoff Hardy are from Shrewsbury and have been together almost 37 years. They entered a civil partnership at the first available date back in 2005, but they won't be converting to marriage. "We have the same rights and obligations as a married person. The thing for us was to have equality in law; 2005 was really important for us," says Peter. "For both of us there's a bit of bad history with marriage. It was primarily created to confirm ownership and control... it wasn't about equal partnership." How does same-sex marriage and civil partnership compare? The Peter Tatchell Foundation is among those supporting the Equal Civil Partnerships campaign. Mr Tatchell says: "Civil partnerships for opposite-sex couples is a simple matter of ending discrimination and ensuring equality for all. In a democratic society, we are all supposed to be equal before the law." Northern Ireland is currently the only place in the UK and Ireland that has not legalised same-sex marriage.

एक विषमलैंगिक दंपति जो नागरिक साझेदारी चाहते हैं, उन्होंने कानून को बदलने के प्रयास में अपना मामला अपील न्यायालय में उठाया है। लेकिन अब सभी जोड़ों को शादी करने का अधिकार होने के साथ, इसके बजाय नागरिक साझेदारी का विकल्प क्यों चुनें?


Minimum alcohol price discussed by Guernsey health bosses

Summary: Health officials in Guernsey are considering introducing minimum-pricing on alcoholic drinks, the BBC has been told.

The idea is to be debated by the Health and Social Services Department (HSSD). In England and Wales, the government is proposing a minimum price of 40p per unit of alcohol, in an effort to combat binge drinking. Dr Nikki Brink, of the HSSD, said she would be following the proposals to see how it could be applied in Guernsey.

बीबीसी को बताया गया है कि ग्वेर्नसे में स्वास्थ्य अधिकारी मादक पेय पर न्यूनतम मूल्य लागू करने पर विचार कर रहे हैं।


Blue Islands airline to run Liverpool-Guernsey route

Summary: A new flight route from Liverpool to Guernsey will be operated by Blue Islands, the Channel Islands-based airline announced.

Weekly direct flights from Liverpool John Lennon Airport to the island will run from June until September in 2016. Blue Islands' managing director Rob Veron said: "We look forward to welcoming more visitors to discover our beautiful Bailiwick of Guernsey." The airline already operates services to Geneva, London City and Southampton.

चैनल आइलैंड्स स्थित एयरलाइन ने घोषणा की कि लिवरपूल से ग्वेर्नसे के लिए एक नया उड़ान मार्ग ब्लू आइलैंड्स द्वारा संचालित किया जाएगा।


A34 lorry crash: Two jailed for passenger's death

Summary: Two men have been jailed for causing the death of a passenger in a two-vehicle crash on a dual carriageway.

Ian Messenger died in the accident on the A34 northbound carriageway, near Abingdon, Oxfordshire, on 12 October. He was a passenger in a van being driven by Barry Smith, 65. The van collided with a lorry being driven by 49-year-old Plamen Atanasov. The men pleaded guilty on Thursday to causing death by careless driving and were given six month prison sentences. Smith, of Quernstone Lane, Northampton, and Atanasov, of Violet Road, Southampton, appeared at Wood Green Crown Court and were also banned from driving for 12 months.

दोहरे कैरिजवे पर दो वाहनों की दुर्घटना में एक यात्री की मौत के लिए दो लोगों को जेल भेजा गया है।


Pluto: What have we learned so far?

Summary: Now that the New Horizons probe has successfully flown past Pluto and confirmed to Nasa that it is all in one piece, researchers can look forward to a "waterfall" of images and data from the strange, distant world over the next 16 months. But even though just a couple of pictures from the dwarf planet have been released so far, scientists are learning more from these than they have in years of attempted observations by telescope.

What is Pluto's heart made from? For 60 years scientists have known that there was a bright mass on Pluto, but it was only through the increased resolution provided by the cameras on board New Horizons that detailed its distinctive heart shape. The shape, instantly beloved on social media, is believed to have been caused by an impact at some point in history. One side of the heart is smoother than the other. Researchers believe the crater is filled with frozen gases from the atmosphere - namely nitrogen, methane and carbon dioxide. However a false coloured photo from Pluto released by Nasa indicates that the heart is actually broken in two. The colours show different chemical signatures in the image. On the left it is a type of beige while on the right is a mosaic of blue, these indicate that the two parts had different geologic or tectonic origins. Is Pluto another red planet? The initial image released by Nasa had a reddish hue, something that scientists have long known. It's very different from the other red planet, Mars, in that the colour of the more distant, tiny world is likely caused by hydrocarbon molecules called tholins, that are formed when solar ultraviolet light and cosmic rays interact with methane in Pluto's atmosphere and on its surface. "Pluto's reddening process occurs even on the night side where there's no sunlight, and in the depths of winter when the sun remains below the horizon for decades at a time," according to New Horizons co-investigator Michael Summers. Does Pluto's size matter? New Horizons has provided more accurate information on the size and scope of Pluto. It's a little bigger than expected, about 80km wider than previous predictions, making it around two thirds the size of our moon. The increased dimensions mean that Pluto is likely to be made of less rock and more ice beneath its surface according to members of the mission team. The reclassification means that Pluto is now officially bigger than Eris, one of hundreds of thousands of mini-planets and comet-like objects circling beyond Neptune in a region called the Kuiper Belt. Is Pluto geologically active? The relative lack of impact craters on Pluto suggested by the first image could be an indication that the surface of the dwarf planet is renewing, either by geological or atmospheric activity, such as erosion. Mission chief Alan Stern says there is evidence of "surface activity" on Pluto, a tantalising hint of earth-like tectonics "in its past or even its present". Nasa have dubbed one of the strange, darker regions of Pluto the "whale". Researchers say it is unusual to have contrasting bright and dark surfaces on objects in our Solar System, reflecting the fact that Pluto is far more complex than previously thought. What's the weather like? Surface temperatures on Pluto are extremely cold, ranging from -172 to -238 degrees C depending on where it is on its 248 year orbit of the Sun. Since it passed the closest point to our star back in 1989, experts assumed that after that the dwarf planet started cooling. Some computer models even predicted that the atmosphere would have fallen as snow and disappeared. That hasn't happened. But the New Horizons Principal Investigator agrees that snow does likely fall on the distant body. "Pluto has strong atmospheric cycles, it snows on the surface, the snows sublimate and go back into the atmosphere each 248 year orbit," said Alan Stern. What about the five moons? Little light has so far been shed on the moons of Pluto but the coloured image released yesterday indicates that Charon, the biggest, is covered with red material around its pole. Scientists believe that this stuff may be tholins that have escaped from Pluto's atmosphere. Experts believe that the mottled colours at lower latitudes point to a diversity of terrains on Charon. So far little detail has emerged about the other moons of Pluto except more accurate measurements of their size. How are the images and data being transmitted to Earth? Very slowly indeed. At a distance of 5bn kilometres from Earth and with a radio transmitter that can only output 12 watts, that means New Horizons is signalling across the Solar System with the equivalent power of a small LED bulb. The transfer rate is achingly slow, around 1kb per second - if things go really well it can reach a dizzying 4kb. That's slow even by 1980s standards. All this means that a black and white picture of Pluto would take over three hours to transmit. Even if massively compressed it would still take around 20 minutes. As Nasa is handling communications to several other missions at one time, it means that New Horizons has to wait in the queue for access to the Deep Space Network, the radio telescopes that communicate with distant probes. Getting all the data from the brief flypast of Pluto will take almost 16 months.

अब जब न्यू होराइजन्स जांच ने सफलतापूर्वक प्लूटो के आगे उड़ान भरी है और नासा को पुष्टि की है कि यह सब एक टुकड़े में है, तो शोधकर्ता अगले 16 महीनों में अजीब, दूर की दुनिया से छवियों और आंकड़ों के "झरने" की प्रतीक्षा कर सकते हैं। लेकिन भले ही बौने ग्रह से अब तक केवल कुछ ही तस्वीरें जारी की गई हैं, वैज्ञानिक इनसे दूरबीन द्वारा वर्षों के प्रयासों की तुलना में अधिक सीख रहे हैं।


Smart travel card proposed for Oxfordshire

Summary: A travel card which can be used for bus fares and park-and-ride places in Oxfordshire is being proposed.

Similar to London's Oyster Card system, the integrated travel card is the idea of Ian Hudspeth, leader of the Conservative-run council. The council said it was in talks with local bus companies about the idea for county-wide access. A smartphone app for advance payments and bookings is also being considered, the authority said. Council figures have shown Oxford has one of the highest levels of bus usage in the UK, with about 50% of all journeys in and around the city being made by bus.

एक यात्रा कार्ड प्रस्तावित किया जा रहा है जिसका उपयोग ऑक्सफोर्डशायर में बस किराए और पार्क-एंड-राइड स्थानों के लिए किया जा सकता है।


Foals and The Maccabees play the 'long game'

Summary: "Music is its own reward and making music is what you do it for, it's for the fulfilment and the beauty of the creative moment," says Foals frontman Yannis Philippakis on the driving force behind their growing success in what has been a tough climate for guitar bands.

By Georgie RogersBBC News entertainment reporter The Oxford group play two shows at the Royal Albert Hall on 28 March, where they will perform to over 10,000 fans. It follows the success of their third album Holy Fire, which has earned them favourable reviews and given them their highest UK chart position to date, at number two. Apart from the music, what is it that has helped two bands of the last six years, Foals and their contemporaries The Maccabees, sustain a recording and touring presence at a time when it was said guitar music was dead? Philippakis says when they first signed their record deal they did forgo certain things. "We didn't sign for a lot of money because we'd heard the horror stories of getting signed for huge, exorbitant amounts of money and then you get dropped," he says. "We wanted to be able to make music, so we sacrificed the paycheque in order to feel secure that we weren't going to be erased the next day," he adds. Foals, who booked their own tours at the beginning, playing the house party scene in Oxford before any contact with the industry, were what the frontman describes as "aggressively protective" over their musical output and choices, down to cover artwork and producers. "We don't come from a world where you get in a room with a songwriter and they write a top line for you and you have a hit," he says. "That's just an anathema to us." Career band London band The Maccabees have been on a similar trajectory to Foals. It has been six years since they released their first album, Colour It In, with Fiction - also a major label home to Elbow, whose tipping point came on their fourth album, the Mercury Prize-winning The Seldom Seen Kid. With each subsequent LP, The Maccabees have achieved a higher chart position and have become a much sought-after live act. Their most recent offering, Given To The Wild, earned them critical acclaim, a top 10 chart position and a Mercury prize nod. Guitarist Felix White says of their label mentors: "Fiction have stuck by us and we haven't sold that many records, but we keep getting better I think." Martin Mills, founder and chairman of the Beggars group, which is formed of 4AD, Matador Records, Rough Trade and XL and is home to Adele and The XX, says longevity is vital in the independent sector. "You're looking for artists that are more than just one moment, people that we think can grow over a period of time and become even greater," he says. Despite Foals and The Maccabees being signed to major labels, Mills said they were given the chance to grow "at a good pace" over three albums, "much to their credit". Each of the four labels under the Beggars umbrella sign an average of three new acts a year, offering just twelve opportunities for all those emerging acts vying for the company's support. "When you are managing the career of a band it's important to drive with your foot on the brake as much as on the accelerator pedal, maybe say no to opportunities that come too early and think more for the long game," says Mills. Different landscape In the last decade, the music industry has been adapting to falling record sales, the digital revolution and the rise of social media and piracy, all at a time of economic struggle. "I think it's a less feasible thing for kids now, because of the difficulties financially in music," says White. "You hear how there isn't any money, how you're never going to get a career out of it, how bands don't get signed, how difficult it is." In 2010, Warner Music vice-president Mark Robinson, said the fixed cost in breaking an artist is around $1million (£621,000). Mills says it often doesn't cost as much these days because of the "constrained economy" and cheaper recording costs. And Mike Walsh, head of music at alternative radio station Xfm, says labels are still taking risks on indie acts. "I don't think that overnight people are going to stop listening to pop music but I think there seems to be a really strong set of new emerging British artists, who all feel like they could be career contenders," he says, going on to mention artists like Lewis Watson and The 1975. White sees the strong independent scene as a "knee-jerk reaction" to the disposable way people are able to consume music. "It becomes comforting to have those things and people react against it and support music that is supposedly there for a long time," says the musician. As for the "long game", Philippakis can't say whether he will still be touring with Foals in a decade's time. "I think there's something quite undignified about hammering it," he says. "Maybe I'm going to end up with egg on my face and we'll still be doing it when we're 40. "I would definitely like to make another record but beyond that, who knows? I might just want to go swimming or something, go on holiday," he laughs. Both Foals and The Maccabees contend that being childhood friends, some luck and high quality control has helped them carve a path to success, which should see them around for a little while longer at least. "We wrote this record in the same studio that me and Jack (Bevan, drummer) practiced in when were 15-years-old," says Philippakis. "It's a tiny little box that you can rent for £15 a day. "You can make music with anything, anywhere and people should remember that."

गिटार बैंड के लिए एक कठिन माहौल में उनकी बढ़ती सफलता के पीछे की प्रेरक शक्ति के बारे में फॉल्स के फ्रंटमैन यानिस फिलिपाकिस कहते हैं, "संगीत इसका अपना इनाम है और संगीत बनाना वह है जिसके लिए आप इसे करते हैं, यह रचनात्मक क्षण की पूर्ति और सुंदरता के लिए है।


All About Killing Eve: The BBC spy drama that's already a US hit

Summary: A hair pin, perfume and a shabby chic Parisian apartment are some of the clues about the life of Villanelle, the chichi but psychopathic assassin wreaking havoc in the BBC's new spy thriller Killing Eve.

By Taylor-Dior RumbleEntertainment reporter When awkward, desk-bound MI5 officer Eve Polastri (played by Grey's Anatomy star Sandra Oh) is assigned to track down a killer (played by Doctor Foster's Jodie Comer), she finds her mundane office life turned upside down and an epic game of cat and mouse ensues. Killing Eve has already developed a cult following in the US, where it has been nominated for two Emmy Awards. Its second series is being filmed as we speak and even legendary director Sir Ridley Scott is a fan. While the spy-genre is often riddled with (sometimes tiresome) clichés, it's the women at the centre of this show, both off and on screen, who set it apart from the rest in all the right ways. The series is an adaptation of the Codename Villanelle novel by Luke Jennings, with scripts by Fleabag's Phoebe Waller-Bridge. Espionage is so often a male dominated field on screen, so how did having two lead women in the roles of cat and mouse change the genre? Executive producer Sally Woodward Gentle admits they never even thought about it. "I don't think we had a single conversation about gender," she says. "Actually we tweaked quite a lot of how much Villanelle used her sexuality and that was quite a conscious thing of her not to do, to not sex people to death. "That's not what she does. She just really likes killing cleverly and she also doesn't get off on it in a sexual way, she's just interested to know what happens!" Sandra Oh adds: "Women aren't resolved by their domestic circumstances, they're out there killing people!" The drama also stars Fiona Shaw as intelligence boss Carolyn and Kirby Howell-Baptiste as Eve's ambitious assistant Elena - both roles that were originally men in the book. Oh points out many of the show's women are at different ages and at different points of their careers. "You get to see a progression of where women are in their career - you see Elena at the start wanting to be like Carolyn, and then you have Eve who is in the mid-point of her career and you see Carolyn who's at the very top, it's just exciting!" she says. In the first scenes of the first episode, viewers see MI5 colleagues refusing to entertain the idea that Villanelle's crimes could be committed by a woman, while Eve is the first and only person in the room to suspect it. Perhaps this inability to see women as villains has something to do with the fact that a woman in the spy genre is normally much more likely to be the scantily clad love interest or damsel in distress than the culprit. But Villanelle is no ordinary criminal. Whether she's snacking on bruschetta in the hills of Tuscany or ordering silk throws for her Parisian apartment, her taste for the finer things in life is a recurring theme in the series. "She's designing her own life," says Waller-Bridge. "It's not about looking at Villanelle being cool, it's about her feeling cool and that's what's feeding her or feeling like she's living the life she suppose to live. "She can have sex with anyone she wants, and she does, and she'll eat a tiny sandwich on the hillside because she can! She's kind of in the 'Villanelle movie' of her life." Waller-Bridge also says the spy's flair for fashion comes directly from the original novels, and that Jennings was very specific about what Villanelle wears. "He's got impeccable taste! The clothes were a huge part of Villanelle and that's what made it so fun." In August, after the show aired in America, Jennings revealed how mostly female LGBT fans contacted him on Twitter to praise him for creating characters like Eve and Villanelle. He wrote in the Guardian: "Their messages were passionate and moving. They claimed the show as their own, they told me. "They identified profoundly with Eve and Villanelle, and they felt validated and made visible by the women's relationship." When asked about Villanelle's bisexuality, Waller-Bridge says she factored it into her creative process. "The idea that these two women became obsessed with each other in every possible way was just exciting and new and nuanced and real," she says. "It was a different kind of passion I'd seen, and it just felt very natural to the characters. "The moment Eve knows Villanelle knows she exists, a switch is turned on in her that hasn't been turned on before, and watching her work out what that is and seeing their chemistry together when they first meet - we say it was when they 'fell in love' with each other. "The sexual power play between these two women isn't for anyone else, it's just for them. They're just women who adore each other." Killing Eve will be on BBC One on Saturday 15 September and will available as a box set on BBC iPlayer. Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

एक हेयर पिन, इत्र और एक जर्जर ठाठ पेरिसियन अपार्टमेंट विलानेले के जीवन के बारे में कुछ सुराग हैं, जो बीबीसी की नई जासूसी थ्रिलर किलिंग ईव में तबाही मचाने वाला चीची लेकिन मनोरोगी हत्यारा है।


Missing dogs rescued from sewer pipe in Bury

Summary: A pair of dogs which had been "missing for a couple of days" have been rescued from a sewer pipe in Greater Manchester.

The dogs were found after fire crews went to land in Townfield Close, in Bury, at around 01:00 BST. Watch manager Roy Grundy said they had been "stuck six metres down in a metre-wide sewer pipe". He added that after getting them out, the dogs had been "very wet, dirty and bedraggled but, thankfully, OK". "The dogs had been missing for a couple of days and their owners had put posters up in the area," he said. "We worked slowly and carefully to get them out. "A firefighter wearing breathing apparatus went down into the pipe on rope rescue equipment and rescued the dogs one by one."

कुछ दिनों से लापता कुत्तों की एक जोड़ी को ग्रेटर मैनचेस्टर में एक सीवर पाइप से बचाया गया है।


Aberdeen's third River Don crossing faces legal challenge

Summary: Opponents of plans for a third bridge over the River Don in Aberdeen have lodged a legal bid to block the crossing.

Supporters of the project insist the bridge would ease traffic congestion in the Tillydrone area. Now residents, some of whom have been served compulsory purchase orders, are going ahead with a legal challenge at the Court of Session. Aberdeen City Council said it had not received confirmation of the action.

एबरडीन में डॉन नदी पर एक तीसरे पुल की योजना के विरोधियों ने क्रॉसिंग को अवरुद्ध करने के लिए एक कानूनी बोली दायर की है।


Date set for new Aberdeen FC stadium special meeting at council

Summary: A date for a special meeting which will decide whether to grant permission to Aberdeen FC to build a new stadium has been set.

The club put plans for the £50m stadium and training facilities at Kingsford, near Westhill, on hold in October. The special meeting of Aberdeen City Council will take place on 29 January from 10:30. A pre-determination hearing will take place on 17 January from 09:30. Aberdeen FC chairman Stewart Milne said: "We're very pleased that we'll have a decision by the end of January and are quietly confident we'll get the right outcome." Objectors want the club to look elsewhere.

एक विशेष बैठक के लिए एक तारीख निर्धारित की गई है जो यह तय करेगी कि एबरडीन एफसी को एक नया स्टेडियम बनाने की अनुमति दी जाए या नहीं।


Panama papers Q&A: British overseas territories and Crown dependencies

Summary: Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn has said the government should consider imposing "direct rule" on the 14 British overseas territories and three Crown dependencies if they do not comply with UK tax law. It follows a leak of documents from Panama-based Mossack Fonseca that showed the law firm registered more than 100,000 secret companies to the British Virgin Islands, one of the overseas territories.

What are Crown dependencies? Crown dependencies are not part of the UK or the European Union but self-governing dependencies of the crown. They have their own directly elected legislative assemblies, administrative, fiscal and legal systems and their own courts of law. Its citizens are issued with British passports. The three Crown dependencies are the Bailiwick of Jersey, the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Isle of Man. Within the Bailiwick of Guernsey there are three separate jurisdictions: Guernsey, which includes the islands of Herm and Jethou; Alderney; and Sark, which includes the island of Brecqhou. The Queen is their head of state and the islands' lieutenant-governor is Her Majesty's personal representative. Their constitutional relationship with the UK is through the crown and is not enshrined in a formal constitutional document. They are not represented in UK Parliament. Guernsey and Jersey were part of the Duchy of Normandy when Duke William became King William I of England following his conquest of England in 1066. They later became subject to the English Crown. The Isle of Man came under the English Crown in the 14th Century following periods under the Kings of Norway and Scotland. What are British overseas territories? There are 14 British overseas territories, and many were former colonies. They are under the sovereignty of the UK but do not form part of the UK itself. Most are largely self-governing, each with its own constitution and its own government, which enacts local laws. The total population of the territories is about 250,000. Citizens of the overseas territories are issued with a British passport and get consular assistance and protection from UK diplomatic posts. Where are they? Overseas territories: 1. Bermuda 2. Cayman Islands 3. Turks and Caicos Islands 4. British Virgin Islands 5. Anguilla 6. Montserrat 7. Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands 8. Falkland Islands 9. British Antarctic Territory 10. South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 11. St Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (including Gough Island Dependency) 12. British Indian Ocean Territory 13. Gibraltar 14. Sovereign Base Areas, Akrotiri and Dhekelia (on Cyprus) Crown dependencies: 15. Isle of Man 16. Bailiwick of Guernsey 17. Bailiwick of Jersey What is their connection to the Panama Papers? British Virgin Islands is named more than 113,000 times in the leaked documents from Mossack Fonseca, the Bahamas more than 15,000 times and Aguilla more than 3,000. Jersey had 39 mentions and the Isle of Man eight. Guernsey is not listed in the top 21 names of jurisdictions cited, while the UK is named 148 times in the leak. The Crown dependencies and the overseas territories have tax regimes designed to be internationally competitive. Many regard the islands and outposts as tax havens, although that is a label they strongly dispute. The British Virgin Islands is home to 452,000 international businesses, the second largest home to international businesses behind Hong Kong. There is no income tax, no capital gains tax and no inheritance tax. There is also no public record of any owners of a business and no accounts are published, ensuring secrecy for those operating there. The British Virgin Islands said it has robust controls and was strengthening them. The International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), which published the investigation, showed that 500 banks, their subsidiaries and branches had registered 15,600 shell companies with the law firm. Three of the biggest banks involved are based in the Channel Islands. Authorities in Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man have defended their reputation following the leak. The Isle of Man government said it had put "robust defences" in place against corruption, tax evasion and money laundering and the island "was not a place where criminals could find a welcome". Guernsey Finance and Jersey Finance, which promote their island's financial industries, said the jurisdictions complied with international finance regulations. What control does the UK government have over them? They are self-governing territories which rely on the UK for international relations and defence, but their autonomy can be removed. UK legislation does not normally extend to the Crown dependencies and their legislatures make their own domestic legislation. Primary legislation requires royal assent. In the Isle of Man the lieutenant-governor has delegated responsibility to grant royal assent to any non-reserved legislation relating to domestic matters. The crown dependencies raise their own public revenue and do not receive subsidies from or pay contributions to the UK. However, they make annual voluntary contributions towards the costs of their defence and international representation by the UK. Each overseas territory has its own constitution and its own government and has its own local laws. They are responsible for their own tax rates. As a matter of constitutional law the UK Parliament has unlimited power to legislate for the territories. What is "direct rule" and has it been used before? Direct rule is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as a system of government in which power and administration are exercised by central government, rather than one in which there is any measure of devolution. The UK government imposed direct rule on the Turks and Caicos Islands in the Caribbean in 2009 for three years after evidence was found of widespread corruption among the ruling elite. This meant power was transferred to a UK-appointed governor. It was only after the Turks and Caicos government implemented rules around sharing tax information that home rule was restored in 2012. But Anthony Travers, the chairman of the Cayman Islands Stock Exchange, told BBC 5 live Drive Mr Corbyn's call to impose direct rule in crown territories was "hopelessly misinformed". He said legislation that had been passed in the Cayman Islands in the last 15 years "provides for complete tax transparency for HMRC and the IRS and for other EU tax authorities and indeed for law enforcement". "So there is no secrecy with regard to transactions in the Cayman Islands whatsoever," he said. "The suggestion that there is any sort of covert or non-disclosed activity in the Cayman Islands is redundant. Tax haven is a redundant expression when it comes to the Cayman Islands." Mr Travers said the Cayman Islands and the other overseas territories "display the highest standards of transparency". He added the government "can not go around imposing colonial rule without substantial justification for doing so". Is direct rule possible? Graham Aaronson QC, a tax barrister who led a tax study for the government in 2011, believes Mr Corbyn's suggestion throws up more questions than answers. "That's a constitutional law issue, whether it's possible, anything is possible if they are British dependencies," he told BBC Radio 4. "Is it a sensible suggestion or is it just a reaction, a very understandable reaction of anger? "What are you going to do, impose tax rule if, is it a threat, are you actually going to do it? If it's direct rule, then what are you going to do? Are you going to introduce new tax laws within those jurisdictions? This is all going to take years and years and years and years." What is the government doing to tackle tax evasion and avoidance? In 2013, the prime minister wrote to the overseas territories urging them to "get their house in order" and sign up to international treaties on tax. The 10 territories that received his letter were Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Anguilla, Montserrat, the Turks and Caicos Islands, Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man. They agreed to sign up to the Multilateral Convention on Mutual Assistance in Tax Matters - an initiative led by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). They also agreed to publish national action plans on beneficial ownership, detailing the true owners of so-called "shell" companies. Downing Street says it has asked three things of the overseas territories and Crown dependencies: the automatic exchange of tax information; a common reporting standard for multinational companies; and central registries so people know who owns companies. It says they have all delivered on the first two, so now they must deliver on central registries. Gibraltar, Bermuda and Jersey have already done so. A spokesman said the government is close to agreement with Guernsey and Isle of Man.

लेबर नेता जेरेमी कॉर्बिन ने कहा है कि सरकार को 14 ब्रिटिश विदेशी क्षेत्रों और तीन क्राउन निर्भरताओं पर "प्रत्यक्ष नियम" लागू करने पर विचार करना चाहिए यदि वे यूके कर कानून का पालन नहीं करते हैं। यह पनामा स्थित मोसैक फोंसेका से दस्तावेजों के रिसाव का अनुसरण करता है जिसमें दिखाया गया है कि कानूनी फर्म ने ब्रिटिश वर्जिन द्वीप समूह में 100,000 से अधिक गुप्त कंपनियों को पंजीकृत किया है, जो विदेशी क्षेत्रों में से एक है।