One woman's lonely struggle against famine in Yemen

Summary: After two years of war in Yemen and a Saudi-led blockade lasting 18 months millions of people are slowly starving - some are already dying for lack of food. One doctor in the Red Sea port city of Hudaydah is doing all she can to save them.

By Nawal al-MaghafiBBC News, Hudaydah In her 20 years as a doctor Ashwaq Muharram has never seen things so bad. "I'm seeing the same thing I used to watch on TV when the famine unfolded in Somalia," she tells me. "I never thought I would see this in Yemen." For years Muharram worked for international aid organisations, but most of them left when the fighting began in March 2015, and those that remain have drastically curtailed their activities. So she now distributes medicine and food out of her own pocket, using her car as a mobile clinic. I spent two weeks with Muharram, visiting towns and villages near Hudaydah, and witnessing things that I too never thought I would see in Yemen. Find out more Hudaydah, controlled by Houthi rebels who took over most of the country in 2014, was until recently the entry point for 70% of Yemen's food imports. Now, not only is it under blockade, it has been pummelled by airstrikes carried out by the Saudi-led coalition - the port itself smashed, an entire tourist resort on the beach completely destroyed. The bombs and the blockade pose a double threat to Muharram's patients. "If you don't die from an airstrike, you're going to die from being ill and from starvation," she says. "And the hardest way to die is dying from starvation." Having loaded up the car with medicines, we drive to Beit al-Faqih, 100km (60 miles) south-east of Hudaydah. The village was once prosperous, growing bananas and mangoes for export but today the exports have stopped, most workers have lost their jobs, and the fruit we see loaded on to donkeys by colourfully dressed women is for most Yemenis simply unaffordable. It is here that we meet a mother with a lactose-intolerant toddler, Abdulrahman, who weighs no more than a six-month-old baby. "How old is he?" I ask her. "Eighteen months," she says. "He should be walking and talking by now." She immediately breaks down into tears. Abdulrahman needs a special type of milk that was once available everywhere in Yemen but has not been seen since the destruction of the port at Hudaydah and the start of the blockade. "We looked in every single pharmacy. All said it was nowhere to be found," says the mother. Muharram tells the mother she will help her - before quickly realising this is a promise she may not be able to keep. She knows the boy will die without the milk, but getting hold of it will be a huge challenge. "I've myself looked for this milk before, and it is nowhere to be found," she says. Her own family has faced similar problems. After the war began, her husband fell ill and his heart began to fail; it was a heart infection and he was in urgent need of medication. "I ran into Sanaa's main cardiac hospital, but as a doctor I knew what they were about to tell me - that they were out of supplies, and there was nothing they could do to help me," she says. "I'm a doctor myself, my husband was dying in front of me and there was nothing I could do…" Muharram breaks down. Her husband eventually left for Jordan, taking their two children with him to safety. They had already stopped going to school. "I am tired as a doctor, as a mother, and as a wife," she tells me. Driving back into Hudaydah, tents line the pavements. Out of the window, I can see a man having a shower - with his clothes on - in the middle of the street, as barefoot children run around him, chasing one another. These are Yemenis who have fled to Hudaydah from areas where the conflict is at its fiercest. "The rich are now the middle class, the middle class are now the poor, and the poor are now starving," says Muharram. "Some of these people had a life like you and me, and now look." She points at the people on the pavement. "They have lost everything." We stop to talk to a mother we have spotted on the street with three children. She says the family once lived in Haradh, near the Saudi border, far to the north. They spent months in a refugee camp with little access to food or medicine, but then the camp was bombed. The woman's husband died in the attack. As we sit on the pavement talking, coalition jets return, flying low above us. Yemenis are trapped. More than three million people out of a population of 27 million have left their homes. Meanwhile, all ports have been closed by the Saudi-led coalition, preventing anyone from leaving. What's more, many countries that once welcomed Yemenis without a visa have since closed their doors to them. Travelling with Muharram from one village to the next, again and again we come across children suffering from severe acute malnutrition. To put it bluntly, they are starving. Malnourishment affects the immune system and makes children far more likely to fall ill. But at the same time it is becoming more difficult for them to get treatment. Many of the country's hospitals have had to close, either because of bombing or the lack of medical supplies. The children's ward of Hudaydah's central hospital is so full, there are two or three children in every bed. We meet four-year-old Shuaib, whose grandfather has borrowed money from neighbours to travel to the hospital. The boy has been suffering from diarrhoea and fever, but doctors have had to tell the grandfather there is nothing they can do. "None of the antibiotics we have can treat the kind of bacteria he has," the hospital manager tells us. As Shuaib lies there, his body growing colder by the minute, his grandfather holds his hand and weeps. An hour later, Shuaib is dead. I watch as the grandfather, silently crying, covers his little body with his headscarf and carries him home to the boy's mother. Yemen conflict Yemen is a country under siege. Two years ago, Houthi rebels and their allies - an army faction loyal to former president Ali Abdullah Saleh - took control of most of the country, including the capital, Sanaa. The government was forced to flee. Saudi Arabia says it intervened at the request of the government. For 18 months a Saudi-led coalition, backed by the US and the UK, has been at war with the rebels. No end in sight for war in Yemen (March 2016) Muharram herself is inconsolable. "Who is responsible for Shuaib's death?" she asks. "The war is responsible! But he will be considered a victim of hospital neglect. Thousands like him are dying. Do they have to be killed by an airstrike to be acknowledged as victims of this war?" As we leave the hospital, news arrives that a hospital run by Doctors Without Borders (MSF) in the nearby city of Abs, has been shelled by coalition planes. "They are bombing hospitals, why?" Muharram fumes. One reason is that Saudi Arabia accuses Houthi rebels of using hospitals to store arms. The next day, I visit the MSF hospital. As I walk through the ruins of the children's ward, I find a scene of devastating poignancy - a paper party hat and the remains of a birthday cake and candles scattered across the floor. "The children were having a birthday party before the airstrike hit," explains Dr Yahya al-Absy, the hospital manager. In total, 19 people died in the strike - and the Abs governorate no longer has a hospital. In a statement, the Saudi government denied deliberately targeting civilians and humanitarian supplies. It also said it was the single largest donor of humanitarian assistance to Yemen. The next day, Muharram finally receives some good news. A friend has found a way, at considerable cost, to get young Abdulrahman some life-saving milk from Saudi Arabia. Six days later, Muharram receives it and immediately rushes to his house. Having witnessed nothing but despair for two weeks, it is incredible to see, at last, one happy ending. Abdulrahman takes his milk bottle and swiftly drinks it to the last drop, his mother crying as she watches. "You've brought happiness into my home" she tells Muharram, wrapping her arms around her in a loving hug. Though Ashwaq Muharram was able to save a child's life, more than million other children continue to starve across Yemen. Ten out of 22 governorates are on the brink of famine. Unless something is done very soon to end their suffering, the country could lose an entire generation. Follow @BBCNewsMagazine on Twitter and on Facebook

यमन में दो साल के युद्ध और 18 महीने तक चली सऊदी के नेतृत्व वाली नाकाबंदी के बाद लाखों लोग धीरे-धीरे भूखे मर रहे हैं-कुछ पहले से ही भोजन की कमी से मर रहे हैं। हुदैदा के लाल सागर बंदरगाह शहर में एक डॉक्टर उन्हें बचाने के लिए हर संभव प्रयास कर रहा है।


Funding wanted for £2m drugs centre in Wrexham

Summary: Calls have been made for a £2m centre to tackle substance misuse in Wrexham.

Health officials want the Welsh Government to fund the work for the centre in Rhosddu Road as current facilities are "sub-standard". Geoff Lang, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board's executive director of strategy, said new facilities would help "improve the physical health of our entire service user group". Officials hope the centre would open within two years.

रेक्सम में मादक द्रव्यों के दुरुपयोग से निपटने के लिए 2 मिलियन पाउंड के केंद्र के लिए कॉल किए गए हैं।


UK extradition laws: Key cases

Summary: A coalition government review into extradition law was led by Sir Scott Baker, a former Court of Appeal judge. It looked at extradition arrangements to the US and the European Union, which are covered by two separate pieces of law.

By Dominic Casciani and Vanessa BarfordBBC News The key issues included: Here are some of the recent cases that have raised questions about extradition: GARY McKINNON: THE HEALTH ISSUE The home secretary has blocked the extradition of Gary McKinnon, whom the US authorities wanted to extradite for alleged hacking of US military computer systems. Glasgow-born Mr McKinnon, who has Asperger's syndrome, faced up to 60 years in jail for hacking into Pentagon and Nasa computers between February 2001 and March 2002. The 45-year-old, who lives in north London, does not deny hacking into the systems but insists he was seeking evidence of UFOs. The US decided to indict Mr McKinnon after he was arrested in 2002, although extradition proceedings did not begin until 2005. He appealed unsuccessfully to the House of Lords and the European Court of Human Rights to avoid extradition. His lawyers also lost an appeal for him to be prosecuted in the UK on lesser charges, with the Crown Prosecution Service saying the US was the best place for the case to be heard. Campaigners said such a vulnerable person should not face trial in the US, for medical reasons. There has been a long-running campaign for Mr McKinnon to be allowed to remain in the UK, and many politicians, including Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg, expressed concerns about the case. BABAR AHMAD: ACCUSED OF OFFENCES IN UK - EXTRADITED TO US Babar Ahmad, an IT worker from Tooting in south London, was held in jail for more than eight while contesting extradition to the United States. He finally lost in October 2012 and was flown to the US to face trial in in late 2013. His family says that if he had committed crimes he should be tried in the UK. Their campaign to have him tried in a British court became one of the top 10 e-petitions on the official government website. US investigators accuse Mr Ahmad of running online fundraising operations for jihadists in Chechnya and Afghanistan. He was arrested for extradition in 2004 - but only after Scotland Yard had arrested and released him without charge months earlier. Parliament's Joint Committee on Human Rights has called for the US-UK treaty to be renegotiated to prevent people like Mr Ahmad being extradited if the British authorities have already decided not to prosecute someone for an offence based on the same evidence. However, the British authorities say that the charges he faces in the US are different to those that were considered in the UK. The key link between Mr Ahmad and the US is that the website he ran was based in on servers in Connecticut. Parliament has passed a law, known as the "forum bar", which could be invoked to prevent people being tried abroad for offences which should be prosecuted in the UK. The measure has never been brought into force. Mr Ahmad's co-accused, Talha Ahsan, also argued that he should not have neen extradited because he ha Asperger's Syndrome, like Gary McKinnon. CHRISTOPHER TAPPIN: CLAIMS OF UNFAIR ALLEGATIONS The case of retired businessman Christoper Tappin, extradited in February 2012, is very complex - but basically comes down to an allegation that the British importer was part of a conspiracy to supply American batteries without export licences that were ultimately bound for Iranian missiles. He vehemently denies the claim and says that he was entrapped by US law enforcement agencies who were acting unlawfully. He says he should never had been charged in the first place because US law says that the exporter is responsible for licences, not an importer like him. The Home Secretary and the British courts upheld the extradition request - and the European Court of Human Rights refused to intervene. In its ruling, the Court of Appeal in London found that it did not need to consider detailed arguments about US export rules because it was clear that the US had accused Mr Tappin of offences comparable to those found in English law. It also dismissed Mr Tappin's allegations of entrapment and said it had to assume the US request had been made in good faith, unless there was particularly strong evidence to the contrary. JULIAN ASSANGE: A LAWFUL REQUEST? Julian Assange, the founder of the Wikileaks website, fought and lost a battled against extradition to Sweden in the UK's Supreme Court. He is wanting for questioning in relations to allegations of sexual assault, which he denies. He then fled to the Ecuadorian embassy in London, seeking political asylum. His appeals against extradition failed at every key stage in the lower courts and the Supreme Court knocked out his final narrow argument relating to whether the European Arrest Warrant was made out by the right person. His lawyers told the Supreme Court judges the Swedish prosecutor who issued his European Arrest Warrant did not have the authority to do so. Mr Assange's supporters say he risks extradition to the US and they want guarantees from Sweden that it would not transfer him onwards. Sweden says it cannot give such a guarantee because there has been no request - and critically it would be for the courts to decide its merits if and when it comes. ANDREW SYMEOU: QUALITY OF EVIDENCE Andrew Symeou was cleared two years after he was extradited to Greece in July 2009 to face manslaughter charges in connection with the death of Jonathan Hiles at a nightclub on the Greek island of Zakynthos. Mr Hiles, 18, from Cardiff, who was on holiday in July 2007 when he fell from a dance podium, died from a brain injury. Mr Symeou, 22, from Enfield, north London, was accused of punching the teenager in the face, knocking him out in the process and causing him to fall from the podium. He had denied being in the nightclub at the time. In 2009, Mr Symeou was extradited to Greece under the European Arrest Warrant. He spent 10 months in a Greek prison and became the subject of a campaign to free him by the charity Fair Trials International, with the charity saying much of the apparent evidence against him was based on details obtained by Greek police officers who intimidated witnesses. On 17 June 2011, the jury found Mr Symeou not guilty. Mr Hiles' father, Denzil, has said he will appeal against the decision. MIKOLAJ KOWALSKI: PROPORTIONALITY According to Fair Trials International, Mikolaj Kowalski - not his real name - a Polish schoolteacher and grandfather who lives in Bristol, was sought on an European Arrest Warrant in 2010 to face trial for "theft" in Poland in 2000. The charity said the alleged offence referred to a period when Mr Kowalski withdrew money from his bank taking him over the agreed overdraft limit, but the entire debt was repaid to the bank after it repossessed and sold his home. In 2004, Mr Kowalski moved with his family to the UK. But on 23 July 2010, Fair Trials International said he was arrested by British police and threatened with a criminal trial for a debt he paid off many years ago. It said Mr Kowalski, who has numerous health problems, was very worried about being sent to prison in Poland and being separated from his family, including his wife who cares for him. In April 2011 the English court decided Mr Kowalski's extradition should not go ahead due to his health problems, but the EAW remains in place and he is unable to leave the UK. NATWEST THREE: FIRST MAJOR CHALLENGE The Natwest Three were British bankers extradited to the US on charges linked to the Enron fraud case in the first long battle against extradition following the US-UK treaty. US prosecutors issued arrest warrants for the three men, accusing them of conspiring to defraud their employers and investors in collapsed US energy giant Enron. They alleged they were involved in a fraud in which their employer, Greenwich NatWest, was advised to sell off its stake in an Enron subsidiary at well below its market value. The men fought the case saying that the British courts were not allowed to properly test the evidence behind the extradition request. The men ultimately lost and were flown to the US. In 2008 they pleaded guilty in a plea bargain to one count of wire fraud and each received sentences of 37 months.

प्रत्यर्पण कानून में एक गठबंधन सरकार की समीक्षा का नेतृत्व अपील न्यायालय के एक पूर्व न्यायाधीश सर स्कॉट बेकर ने किया था। इसने अमेरिका और यूरोपीय संघ को प्रत्यर्पण व्यवस्था पर ध्यान दिया, जो कानून के दो अलग-अलग टुकड़ों द्वारा कवर किए गए हैं।


Denbigh's North Wales Hospital repair costs inquiry resumes

Summary: A planning inquiry over work to safeguard a derelict former hospital is resuming after a two-month break.

The ex-North Wales Hospital in Denbigh closed in 1995 as part of a reorganisation of health services. Denbighshire council said it paid £900,000 for work on the hospital after claiming the site's owners failed to comply with an urgent works notice. But the owners are challenging legal notices issued by the authority involving about £450,000 worth of work. Freemont (Denbigh) Ltd claims the bill is excessive and unnecessary and is challenging an order that it has to pay the cost of the work. The inquiry in Denbigh is due to run for three days.

एक परित्यक्त पूर्व अस्पताल की सुरक्षा के लिए काम पर एक योजना जांच दो महीने के अंतराल के बाद फिर से शुरू हो रही है।


Coronavirus: Swiss Alps yearn for the sound of tourists

Summary: As cases of Covid-19 start to fall across Europe, lockdowns are being relaxed and more travel is being permitted. That's a relief for alpine tourist resorts, which were forced to close down right in the middle of the ski season.

By Imogen FoulkesBBC News, Grindelwald, Switzerland This weekend Switzerland's mountain railways and cable cars can start running again. In Grindelwald, home of the Eiger and the world famous Jungfrau "top of Europe" railway - altitude 3,454m (11.332ft) - this is very good news. The Konzett family have been running the Kreuz and Post hotel in Grindelwald for four generations. When the Swiss government declared a state of emergency in March, ordering the closure of schools, restaurants, bars and all the ski slopes, their business melted away. "It was a big shock," says hotel manager Benjamin Konzett. "The bookings we had… we lost them within one day, basically." "We've had this hotel since 1886, and to find a similar situation to now, we would have to go back to the Second World War, when everything was closed." How railways are sending an important signal Grindelwald's director of tourism, Bruno Hauswirth, believes the re-opening of the mountain railways is the key to bringing tourists back. After all, more than a million people took the train up to the Jungfrau last year alone. But how to ensure the visitors, eager to wonder at the north face of the Eiger, or get within touching distance of the glaciers, stay safe in the rack railways or cable cars taking them up there? The Swiss government's advice on maintaining a two-metre distance from others still stands. Kathrin Naegeli of Jungfrau Railways admits there are no plans to reduce occupancy. "Everybody who wants to board a train can board a train," she explains. "But, we say, if you can't keep the distance of two metres you should wear a mask. We hope people will take them with them but we will also sell them at the stations, and our people working in the trains will all wear masks as well." These are the same measures put in place across Swiss public transport with one slight difference. On Switzerland's high-speed intercity trains you cannot open the windows. On the mountain railways, and in the cable cars, you can. How alpine resorts were caught up in Europe's pandemic Nevertheless, the alpine communities know there will be questions about the safety of crowded cable cars. Popular ski resorts like Ischgl in Austria and Verbier in Switzerland are believed to have had high infection rates in February and March. As skiers returned home, they carried the virus across Europe. So alarmed were doctors in Verbier that they asked the government to quarantine the entire town. By that time, however, Switzerland was already locking down. No-one really knows yet how the normally crowded après-ski bars and discos will function in winter. As for the ski lifts, Kathrin Naegeli says "we will see in summer and autumn how things work in the trains and the cable cars, and perhaps we will adapt for winter". How resorts hope to promote a healthy environment When the Alps first became a popular holiday destination in the 19th Century, their natural beauty and clean environment were key attractions. UK tour operator Thomas Cook at the time marketed villages like Grindelwald as places where minds and bodies could recuperate. The Konzett family hotel opened in 1886 to cater for people wanting a healthy break away from the crowded, smoky cities. Now Benjamin Konzett is returning to that concept. The pandemic, he says, allowed him to spend more time appreciating the environment he grew up in. "During the lockdown everything was fresh with spring, the mountain tops were still covered with snow, and we used the time to go back to nature a bit with the family." He has even, he explains, been preparing some alpine delicacies for the longed-for summer guests. "I collected cowslips and elderflowers to make ice cream for the summer." Now he hopes tourists will forget about their winter pandemic worries and choose the Alps to recover from the stress and fear of the last three months. "The whole world meditated during this lockdown and we found out that nature is stronger than mankind." Fierce competition for fewer guests But the Alps will face fierce competition from Greek islands and Spanish beaches. Tourist resorts across Europe are all trying to salvage at least something from the summer season. In Grindelwald, where over 30% of guests come from Asia, Bruno Hauswirth knows this summer won't be as good as the last few years. "But that means nearly 70% come from Europe, so we are quite confident," he says. The three-month lockdown gave Grindelwald a chance to reflect on exactly where its strengths lay, he believes: real mountains like the Eiger along with "very intact nature, perfect air and clean water". How are other European countries doing it?

जैसे-जैसे पूरे यूरोप में कोविड-19 के मामले कम होने लगे, लॉकडाउन में ढील दी जा रही है और अधिक यात्रा की अनुमति दी जा रही है। यह अल्पाइन पर्यटक रिसॉर्ट्स के लिए एक राहत है, जिन्हें स्की सीज़न के बीच में बंद करने के लिए मजबूर किया गया था।


SNH and Deer Commission merger 'increased savings'

Summary: The merger of Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) and the Deer Commission has led to greater savings than previously estimated, the agency has said.

The amalgamation in August last year made SNH the Scottish government's statutory adviser on deer. An original estimate was for savings of £120,000 a year, but savings of £183,000 have now been identified. The move cost £450,000, 90% of which was result of staff time spent on delivering the merger.

एजेंसी ने कहा है कि स्कॉटिश प्राकृतिक विरासत (एस. एन. एच.) और हिरण आयोग के विलय से पहले के अनुमान से अधिक बचत हुई है।


Walker dies after fall on flanks of Scafell Pike

Summary: A walker rescued after a fall on England's highest mountain died on the way to hospital, it has emerged.

He sustained multiple injuries when he slid a considerable distance down a steep snow slope on the flanks of Scafell Pike on Sunday. Wasdale Mountain Rescue volunteers spent eight hours recovering him in conditions described as challenging. First aid was performed at the scene, but he did not survive the helicopter transfer to hospital in Newcastle. A team spokesman offered thanks to the three mountaineers who found the injured man, raised the alarm and kept him warm until volunteers arrived. He said it was the team's fourth rescue over the weekend, all of which were snow or ice-related.

इंग्लैंड के सबसे ऊंचे पहाड़ पर गिरने के बाद बचाए गए एक पैदल यात्री की अस्पताल ले जाते समय रास्ते में मौत हो गई।


Snowdon rescue: Group in trouble flag down RAF helicopter

Summary: A group has flagged down an RAF rescue helicopter on a training mission after getting in trouble about 2,500ft (760m) up a Snowdonia ridge.

The two men and a woman were on Crib Goch early on Saturday afternoon when they got into difficulty. They waved to the helicopter which is based at RAF Valley on Anglesey and were winched aboard before being flown to safety. Ice and snow remain on the peak's higher slopes. It follows a series of rescues in Snowdonia in poor weather at the end of March and over the Easter weekend.

एक समूह ने स्नोडोनिया रिज पर लगभग 2,500 फीट (760 मीटर) ऊपर मुसीबत में पड़ने के बाद एक प्रशिक्षण मिशन पर आरएएफ बचाव हेलीकॉप्टर को हरी झंडी दिखाई है।


The Holocaust: Who are the missing million?

Summary: Giselle Cycowicz (born Friedman) remembers her father, Wolf, as a warm, kind and religious man. "He was a scholar," she says, "he always had a book open, studying Talmud [compendium of Jewish law], but he was also a businessman and he looked after his family."

By Raffi BergBBC News, Jerusalem Before the war, the Friedmans lived a happy, comfortable life in Khust, a Czechoslovak town with a large Jewish population on the fringes of Hungary. All that changed after 1939, when pro-Nazi Hungarian troops, and later Nazi Germany, invaded, and all the town's Jews were deported to Auschwitz. Giselle last saw her father, "strong and healthy", hours after the family arrived at the Birkenau section of the death camp. Wolf had been selected for a workforce but a fellow prisoner under orders would not let her go to him. "That would have been my chance to maybe kiss him the last time," Giselle, now 89, says, her voice cracking with emotion. Giselle, her mother and a sister survived, somehow, five months in "the hell" of Auschwitz. She later learned that in October 1944 "a skeletal man" had passed by the women's camp and relayed a message to anyone alive in there from Khust. "Tell them just now 200 men were brought back from the coal mine. Tell them that tomorrow we won't be here anymore." The man was Wolf Friedman. He was gassed the next day. Six million Jews were murdered by the Nazis and their accomplices during World War Two. In many cases entire towns' Jewish populations were wiped out, with no survivors to bear witness - part of the Nazis' plan for the total annihilation of European Jewry. Since 1954, Israel's Holocaust memorial, Yad Vashem ("A Memorial and a Name"), has been working to recover the names of all the victims, and to date has managed to identify some 4.7 million. "Every name is very important to us," says Dr Alexander Avram, director of Yad Vashem's Hall of Names and the Central Database of Shoah [Holocaust] Victims' Names. "Every new name we can add to our database is a victory against the Nazis, against the intent of the Nazis to wipe out the Jewish people. Every new name is a small victory against oblivion." The institution, a sprawling complex of buildings, trees and gardens on the western slopes of Mount Herzl, gathers details about the victims in two ways: through information from those with knowledge of the deceased, and archive sources, ranging from Nazi deportation lists to Jewish school yearbooks. Today Giselle has come to dedicate her father's name, nearly 73 years after he was killed, a small piece in a vast jigsaw. She is helped by trained staff through the process of recording Wolf's details on a Page of Testimony, a one-page form for documenting biographical information about the deceased, such as where they lived before the War, their occupation and the members of their family, and, if available, a photograph. "Only two-thirds of the way down do we ask where they were during the war and what happened to them," Cynthia Wroclawski, deputy director of Yad Vashem's Archives Division, points out. "We're interested in seeing a person as a person and who they were before they became a victim." It is, the institution says, a kind of paper tombstone. So far Yad Vashem has collected 2.7m Pages of Testimony. Each is stored in black boxes, each containing 300 pages - 9,000 boxes in all. They are kept in climate-controlled conditions on shelves surrounding a central installation, a 30ft-high conical lined with the faces of men, women and children who were murdered, rising up towards the sky. Here in the Hall of Names groups of visitors pass through in quiet contemplation. There is space on the shelves for 11,000 more boxes - or 6m names in all. With the last survivors dying out, Yad Vashem is facing a race against time to prevent more than a million unidentified victims disappearing without a trace. This is apparent in the decreasing number of Pages of Testimony it receives - down from at least 2,000 per month five years ago to about 1,600 per month currently. The memorial is trying to raise awareness, including among Holocaust survivors who have not yet come forward. For decades, for many of them the experience was still too painful to talk about. "It's quite a common occurrence, not only in Holocaust survivors but survivors of prolonged and extreme trauma in childhood," says Dr Martin Auerbach, Clinical Director at Amcha, a support service in Jerusalem for Holocaust survivors. That began to change, he says, after about 30 or 40 years, when many survivors started talking about what happened, not with their children but with their inquisitive grandchildren. Dr Auerbach sees the Names Recovery Project as a valuable part of the healing process. "Filling out this page of information saying this was my father, mother, grandfather, nephews and nieces - you cannot bury your relatives who perished but you can remember them in a way that will commemorate them forever, so this is very important and also therapeutic for many survivors." While Yad Vashem has made great strides in identifying victims from Western and Central Europe - about 95% have now been named - far fewer names have been uncovered in Nazi-occupied areas of Eastern Europe, where about 4.5m Jews were murdered. This is because while there was an organised, official process of arrest and deportation further west, in the east whole communities were marched off and massacred without any such formalities. An estimated 1.5m Jews alone were shot to death by the Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing squads) in what has become known as the Holocaust by Bullets, after Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. In Babi Yar, in Ukraine, for instance, of the 33,000 Jews from Kiev and its surroundings who were slaughtered in a ravine in September 1941 in the largest massacre of its kind, about half are yet to be identified. Others not murdered by the Einsatzgruppen died, without a trace, from starvation or exhaustion in ghettos and labour camps, or were killed in nearby extermination camps, where they had been herded without any kind of processing. Yad Vashem is working with Jewish organisations in those countries to try to reach remaining survivors in the former Soviet Union, where the Holocaust was not officially commemorated, and who may have little awareness of the memorial's existence. It is a massive and often complex task. The memorial holds some 205m Holocaust-related documents, which are examined meticulously in the search for names. "There is a lot of documentation where there are names that are very scattered," says Dr Avram. "Names mentioned in a letter here or a report there. This can be very labour intensive. Sometimes you have to go through thousands and thousands of pages just to retrieve a few dozen names." The difficulty is compounded by the fact that sources can be in 30-40 different languages, most are handwritten and can be in different scripts, such as Latin, Hebrew and Cyrillic. "Our staff not only need to be linguists but they need to know calligraphy," says Dr Avram, himself a language expert. One of the biggest gaps is with children, of whom some 1.5 million were murdered in the Holocaust. Only about half have been identified. "It's one of the saddest things," says Dr Avram. "We have reports where parents are named with say three or four children, unnamed. They were little children and people just don't remember." The aim is to turn them from anonymous statistics into human beings again, like seven-year-old Edward-Edik Tonkonogi, from Satanov in Ukraine. His childish innocence and sweetness of character come across in a letter he wrote in 1941 to his parents who were travelling with a Russian theatre troupe: Edik was murdered after the Nazis entered the town that same year. His name was later memorialised in a Page of Testimony by a relative. As time moves on, the task of finding missing names is getting harder in some respects but easier in others. The availability of source material is greater than ever and advances in technology mean it can be a less arduous task to gather information and manipulate the data. However, the fewer the names left to uncover, the more activity it takes to find them. The digital age also means there are more tools at researchers' disposal than ever before. The department searching for names recently took to social media, including Facebook, in a push to reach untapped survivors. The campaign generated many new Pages of Testimony. "When you're talking about social media you have the younger generation now understanding that those names are not in our database and trying to find out the information from their family members," says Sara Berkowitz, manager of the Names Recovery Project. There is another significant, sometimes life-changing, outcome of the growth of the names database, which has been available online since 2004. It has led to emotional reunions of survivors who had lived their lives not knowing there was anyone else from their family left alive. Last year two sets of families belonging to two sisters, each of whom thought the other had perished in the Holocaust, were united after a chance discovery through the Pages of Testimony. It transpired the sisters had lived out their lives just 25 minutes away from each other in northern Israel, but passed away without ever being aware. In 2015 a pair of half-siblings who did not know the other was alive were reunited as a result of searching the database, while in 2006 a brother and sister, one living in Canada and the other in Israel, were reunited 65 years after becoming separated in their hometown in Romania. The project has also brought to light other, unfortunate findings. Argentinean-born Claudia de Levie, whose parents fled Germany in the 1930s, believed she had lost four or five relatives in the Holocaust. A search of the database to help with her daughter's homework revealed in fact 180 family members had been killed. Further research however revealed through a signature on a Page of Testimony the existence of cousins of her husband, living in Hamburg. The families now speak to each other each week on Skype. Ironically, a chief architect of the Holocaust, Adolf Eichmann, lived as a fugitive in the same neighbourhood as Claudia when she was a child in Argentina, as she would later learn. The importance of the mission to recover victims' names received global recognition in 2013 when the United Nations cultural agency, Unesco, included the collection in its Memory of the World register. The agency lauded it as "unprecedented in human history", pointing out that the project had given rise to similar efforts in other places of genocide, such as Rwanda and Cambodia. Despite the millions of names recorded so far, there is still a long way to go if all six million are ever to be recovered, but those behind the project remain determined. "I personally would like that we do reach that goal, that at least among those who perished there won't be a person who remains unknown. It's our moral imperative," says Sara Berkowitz. "Until I sit in the office and days will pass by and I won't have work to do, I'll know that we've more or less raked the universe to try to get to every name and there is no more there." Find out more:

गिसेल साइकोविच (जन्म से फ्रीडमैन) अपने पिता, वुल्फ को एक गर्मजोशी, दयालु और धार्मिक व्यक्ति के रूप में याद करती हैं। "वह एक विद्वान थे", वह कहती हैं, "उनके पास हमेशा एक किताब खुली रहती थी, जिसमें तालमुद [यहूदी कानून का संग्रह] का अध्ययन किया जाता था, लेकिन वह एक व्यवसायी भी थे और वह अपने परिवार की देखभाल करते थे।"


Flybe announces Isle of Man to Heathrow flights

Summary: Flybe has announced plans for the first flights between the Isle of Man and London Heathrow since 2002.

The airline is to operate a daily service from 21 April using a 78-seat Bombardier Q400 aircraft. Flybe will operate flights to five destinations from the island this summer from its newly re-opened base on the Isle of Man. CEO Roy Kinnear said the airline was "delighted" to provide a new link to England's capital. He added: "We look forward to welcoming many new passengers on board."

फ्लाईबी ने 2002 के बाद से आइल ऑफ मैन और लंदन हीथ्रो के बीच पहली उड़ानों की योजना की घोषणा की है।


Lead stolen from roof of Norfolk lifeboat station

Summary: Thieves have stolen £1,500 worth of lead flashing from a lifeboat station.

Two volunteer shorehelpers discovered the lead was missing at Sheringham, Norfolk, on Wednesday morning. "Money that could have been spent saving lives will now have to be used to replace the resources," said Brian Farrow, Sheringham RNLI lifeboat operations manager. The RNLI is a charity and Sheringham is run entirely by volunteers. Witnesses should contact Norfolk Police. Related Internet Links RNLI

चोरों ने एक लाइफबोट स्टेशन से चमकता हुआ 1,500 पाउंड का सीसा चुरा लिया है।


Unesco reconsidering Great Barrier Reef heritage status

Summary: Australia faces a dent to its reputation and a potentially devastating blow to its tourism industry should one of the country's most iconic natural wonders, the Great Barrier Reef, be listed as "in danger" by the United Nations.

By Saffron HowdenSydney, Australia Tony Fontes loves diving the waters around Queensland's Whitsunday Islands. In a career spanning three decades, the diving operator has introduced countless others to the magical underworld that is the Great Barrier Reef. But he has also watched its decline. The waters are now milkier and the coral quality poorer. Increasing attacks by crown-of-thorns starfish have left swathes of reef brown and lifeless. "There'll always be reef but it's not what it once was," he told the BBC. Like many others, he is waiting to hear if the reef - which gained World Heritage status in 1981 - will be listed as "in danger" by UN cultural agency Unesco. The reef is one of more than 1,000 sites on Unesco's World Heritage List considered to be of such outstanding value that the world has an obligation to look after them. Danger point Unesco believes the Australian site is worth saving because it contains the world's largest collection of coral reefs, along with 1,500 species of fish and 4,000 types of molluscs. But it is worried that threats to the reef's health - from overdevelopment, pollution and climate change - have reached a dangerous point. The reef system has lost 50% of its coral in the past 30 years. * The Great Barrier Reef includes 3,000 coral reefs and 600 islands * It is the world's largest marine park * It receives about two million tourists each year. * The region contributes A$6bn ($4.6bn; £3bn) a year to the Australian economy Q&A: World Heritage in Danger List In pictures: Great Barrier Reef Late on Friday, Unesco will receive a draft recommendation about whether to place the reef on its "in danger" list. A final decision will be made at a Unesco World Heritage Committee meeting in Germany in late June. Few expect the international body to take this step - in part because of a flurry of activity by the Australian and Queensland governments to tighten development regulations along the Queensland coast, as well as heavy diplomatic lobbying by the Federal government. An "in danger" listing would prove problematic for plans to open more coal mines in Queensland and proposals for more coal ports along its coast. But environmentalists and scientists remain concerned about the reef's long-term fate. Damage to tourism Climate change, pollution, coastal development, fishing and dredging for shipping channels have wrought significant damage on the 348,000-sq km World Heritage Site, which stretches from the tip of Queensland to the city of Bundaberg. There is no question the reef is in danger, says World Wildlife Fund Australia (WWF) marine programme manager, Richard Leck. "If we'd lost 50% of the Taj Mahal, we wouldn't even question whether it was in danger," he told the BBC, referring to the loss of coral cover. But WWF does not want the reef's heritage status changed. "We know the impact that will have on Australia's international standing," says Mr Leck. He says it would deliver a heavy blow to tourism and the coastal communities who rely on it. Government promises Submissions to a 2014 Australian parliamentary inquiry into the reef back that view. As the Whitsunday Charter Boat Industry Association explained: "It has taken a long time to build the brand that is the World Heritage Great Barrier Reef, and making the wrong decision could ruin that reputation." State and federal governments have taken note of Unesco's scrutiny. The Queensland government has pledged to forbid new dredge spoil - the sand, silt and rock dug out of the sea floor to create deeper ports - from being dumped in reef waters or on nearby wetlands. There are also government plans to reduce pollution from fertilisers and pesticides used in coastal farming. Just this week, the Queensland Government announced it would introduce laws limiting port development adjacent to the reef. The federal government is so worried about a potential listing that officials from its Environment Department have spent A$100,000 travelling overseas to lobby World Heritage Committee members. Officials have visited 19 of the 21 member countries of the World Heritage Committee in recent months in a bid to avoid a highly embarrassing "in danger" listing. A spokesperson for Federal Environment Minister Greg Hunt told the BBC the government makes "absolutely no apology" for defending the reef's reputation. The government says also that more than A$2bn will be spent on the reef over the next decade. "This is a significant investment and it's on top of the A$2.6bn we're spending to tackle climate change - one of the major long term threats to the reef," said the spokesperson. Fish kills Still, concerns remain that the flurry of government reports, plans and promises generated over the past few years will not be enough if the watchful eye of Unesco moves on. And a lot of damage has already been done. A 2012 study by the Australian Institute of Marine Sciences found the reef had lost half of its coral cover in less than 30 years. A year before, there were reports of large-scale disease among fish and crabs in Gladstone harbour, one of the four major ports inside the world heritage area. Simon Whittingham, from Gladstone Fish Markets, told the 2014 parliamentary committee that turtles, dolphins and dugongs were washing up dead. "Fish kills were occurring throughout the harbour. Something was terribly wrong," he said. But as politicians, scientists, and conservationists debate the reef's future and Australia awaits the World Heritage Committee's decision, the reef itself continues to quietly divulge its secrets. Three years ago, the Catlin Seaview Survey photographed a large crop of coral 125m under water that had never been seen before. "We don't even know when the deeper reef formed," survey executive director Richard Vevers says. "There's a lot of the Great Barrier Reef that has never been explored," he adds.

यदि देश के सबसे प्रतिष्ठित प्राकृतिक आश्चर्यों में से एक, ग्रेट बैरियर रीफ को संयुक्त राष्ट्र द्वारा "खतरे में" के रूप में सूचीबद्ध किया जाता है, तो ऑस्ट्रेलिया को अपनी प्रतिष्ठा और अपने पर्यटन उद्योग के लिए संभावित विनाशकारी झटके का सामना करना पड़ सकता है।


Car crashes into front of house in Finglas, Dublin

Summary: A car has crashed into a house in Dublin causing substantial damage to the front of the property.

It happened on St Margaret's Road in Finglas around 07:00 BST on Sunday. A window and wall were badly damaged, but nobody was in the house at the time. Gardaí (Irish police) have appealed to the driver and any witnesses to contact them.

डबलिन में एक कार एक घर से टकरा गई है जिससे संपत्ति के सामने के हिस्से को काफी नुकसान हुआ है।


M6 Knutsford Services: Four bikers stabbed

Summary: Four motorcyclists were stabbed in a disturbance on a slip road leading to a motorway service station.

Cheshire Constabulary said the bikers were taken to hospital following the attack at about 14:00 BST on Saturday at Knutsford Services on the M6. It said their injuries were not believed to be life-threatening. The force said it had no further details of the attack. No arrests have been made in connection with the incident. Officers will be patrolling Knutsford Services to provide reassurance.

मोटरवे सर्विस स्टेशन की ओर जाने वाली स्लिप रोड पर एक गड़बड़ी में चार मोटरसाइकिल सवारों को चाकू मार दिया गया।


Priyanka says Tamil civilians deserve support

Summary: Priyanka Gandhi, the daughter of India's assassinated former prime minister, Rajiv Gandhi, has said her country needs to do all it can to help Tamil civilians trapped in the conflict in Sri Lanka.

Miss Gandhi was speaking in a rare BBC interview while campaigning for the Congress party, although she is not herself a candidate in the Indian general election now underway. Priyanka Gandhi, whose father was assassinated by Tamil Tiger rebels from Sri Lanka, drew a distinction between the rebels and Tamil civilians. Their plight has attracted a lot of support in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, where the ruling party, an ally of the Congress-led national government, announced a twelve-hour closure of shops and businesses on Thursday as a gesture of support for Sri Lankan Tamils.

भारत के मारे गए पूर्व प्रधानमंत्री राजीव गांधी की बेटी प्रियंका गांधी ने कहा है कि उनके देश को श्रीलंका में संघर्ष में फंसे तमिल नागरिकों की मदद करने के लिए हर संभव प्रयास करने की आवश्यकता है।


Elephant and Castle stabbing: Three women arrested

Summary: Three women have been arrested on suspicion of murdering a man who was stabbed to death in south London.

Richard Obi, 25, was found with injuries in a flat in Bramwell House, Elephant and Castle, on Tuesday morning. He was treated by paramedics but was confirmed dead at the scene. The Met Police said three women, aged 58, 34 and 30, had been held on suspicion of murder and were in custody.

दक्षिण लंदन में चाकू मारकर हत्या किए गए एक व्यक्ति की हत्या के संदेह में तीन महिलाओं को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Syrian Kurds: 'The world has closed its eyes on us'

Summary: On our way to Qamishli, the largest Kurdish city in northern Syria, we see a US military convoy escorted by fighter jets heading east towards the Iraqi border. They are leaving the Kurdish region.

By Jiyar GolBBC Persian, Northern Syria The first time I saw an American in Syria was in 2016. He was part of US special forces, sent to support the Kurds fighting the Islamic State (IS) group. Locals were excited to see them arriving. But it was in stark contrast this time around. Now you could see the fear and anxiety in the faces of onlookers. We were only a few kilometres from the Turkish border as one of the jets circled overhead, leaving a trail of white smoke as it passed in and out of Turkish airspace. One of our guides sighed. "Trump bi namoose," he said to me in Kurdish. "Trump has no honour." The Kurds have every reason to be worried. On one side they face neighbouring Turkey, on the other, Syrian government forces. Now the US is leaving, Kurds here are convinced they have no friends other than the mountains they inhabit. 'Trump sold us' From the moment we arrived in Qamishli, ordinary Kurds from baker to waiter asked, "why did Trump sell us out?" This is a traditional society that prides itself on a code of honour and does not understand why it has effectively been cut loose. "America stabbed us in the back... Trump sold us... we were betrayed," we heard, again and again. Qamishli 's squares and electricity poles are decorated with the pictures of the fallen - men and women killed in the war against IS. Every day there are funerals somewhere in this tiny region. It has been this way since IS attacked the Kurds in 2014. But now the victims are those who have been killed since Turkish and allied forces launched their cross-border attack earlier this month. At the funerals, many mourners hide their tears. Instead they lead the caskets to graveyards with dances and chants. At one such ceremony, for a fallen fighter of the Kurdish YPG, a tall man in his 60s approaches me and calmly says: "Erdogan doesn't like the Kurds. He wants us to leave," referring to the Turkish president, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who regards the YPG as terrorists. The Kurds lost 11,000 men and women battling against IS. "The fight wasn't ours only, we fought on behalf of humanity," the man says. "Where is the international community? Why don't they stop Erdogan?" 'What's the point?' In a bakery sits a pile of bread, baked for fighters on the front line. Bahouz, a 16-year-old boy who is cutting dough, asks me my opinion of Americans and Europeans. "Do you think they will stop Erdogan from massacring us?" An older boy shouts: "Trump sold us - oil is more important than our lives." The young boys are clearly frightened. They know if the pro-Turkish Islamist militias arrive here, they would be prime targets. Already videos have emerged apparently showing Turkish-backed militias shouting "Allahu Akbar" ("God is greatest") and shooting handcuffed young men just like them. At a hospital treating wounded YPG fighters, a doctor, Rojda, runs from one operating theatre to another. Rojda, a petite woman in her 30s, is also the director of the facility. "What's the point of filming?" she asks wearily. "Don't waste your time. The world has closed its eyes on us." One of the patients I meet there is 23-year-old Jiyan. She sits on her bed, staring into the distance. There are dark circles around her eyes. Her head has been surgically pinned, her skull fractured; a hand and both legs are injured. She laughs derisively. "I survived fighting IS in Kobane, Manbij, and Raqqa, but it was the Turks who almost killed me!" Jiyan was in Ras al-Ain when Turkey attacked the border town. Her unit came under extensive Turkish artillery and bombardment. "We put up a good fight against Turkish-backed thugs, but we couldn't match Turkish firepower," she tells me, adding: "I lost many friends." 'They are coming for us' On our way out of Syria, I meet Kino Gabriel, spokesperson for the SDF, the Kurdish-led alliance of militias. A tall man with a big smile, he is the founder of the Christian Syriac Military Council, part of the SDF. He avoids criticising President Trump, hoping, it seems, that the US will change course and come back to the SDF's aid. "Those jihadists backed by Turkey are not only coming for our land, they see us as infidels. They are coming for us," he says. As US troops withdrew from Qamishli last week on Donald Trump's orders, one picture in particular - of a US soldier in his armoured vehicle wearing YPJ (the Kurdish women's fighting force) insignia on his sleeve - resonated with the Kurdish allies they were leaving in haste. "The American soldiers are just like us - shocked and disappointed with this political decision," Kino Gabriel says. "But it is not their fault. We honour their sacrifices too."

उत्तरी सीरिया के सबसे बड़े कुर्द शहर कमिशली की ओर जाते समय हम देखते हैं कि एक अमेरिकी सैन्य काफिला लड़ाकू विमानों के साथ पूर्व की ओर इराकी सीमा की ओर बढ़ रहा है। वे कुर्द क्षेत्र छोड़ रहे हैं।


Woman hit and killed by bus in Solihull town centre

Summary: A woman was killed when she was hit by a bus in a West Midlands town centre.

The pedestrian was struck at about 07:30 BST on Poplar Road in Solihull. Ambulance service crews found her in a critical condition and she was confirmed dead by paramedics at the scene. Several 999 calls were received to reports of a collision and two ambulances and a paramedic officer were deployed. Follow BBC West Midlands on Facebook, on Twitter, and sign up for local news updates direct to your phone.

वेस्ट मिडलैंड्स शहर के केंद्र में एक बस की चपेट में आने से एक महिला की मौत हो गई।


Bounty hunters found me but parents didn't want blood on their hands

Summary: Bounty hunters are being hired by families to trace the victims of forced marriages when they flee. Here, victim Mariam tells how a gang found her in Scotland but didn't kill her because her family didn't want blood on their hands.

Mariam says the problems began with her family because she was seen talking to male students in the university canteen. That night her parents told her the only way to clear their honour was for her to marry in Pakistan. She was told she could not return to university. She was just 17. She ran away the next day but believes they used bounty hunters to track her down. 'Bad idea' "I did ask them why did someone not come out to kill me why not (fully) use a bounty hunter. "It was just because they didn't want blood on their hands. That's what I was told. Not because they loved me." She says the fear of what they would do meant she went through with the wedding in Pakistan. "There was nowhere to go," she said." No one to help. I feared they might kill me." Finally, back in Scotland, she was able to save up and escape. She fears that criminalising forced marriage will dissuade victims from coming forward. "There is just too much at stake," she said. "It's a bad idea. It's going to cause conflict. Dirty work "They know their life is not worth that risk. It makes you think - will that make the job of bounty hunters better? "They might have more people approaching them to do their dirty work for them. Parents don't want to be criminalised. "It's not just the physical abuse but the emotional and psychological." Mariam is not her real name. She still cannot be fully identified because she fears the actions her family might take. But now she has a new life and a new family and she is studying again. She said: "I was lucky. I've got the life I wanted now. But I had to fight. "I've been lucky but others have not been."

जब वे भाग जाते हैं तो जबरन विवाह के पीड़ितों का पता लगाने के लिए परिवारों द्वारा इनाम के शिकारियों को काम पर रखा जा रहा है। यहाँ, पीड़ित मरियम बताती है कि कैसे एक गिरोह ने उसे स्कॉटलैंड में पाया लेकिन उसे नहीं मारा क्योंकि उसका परिवार अपने हाथों पर खून नहीं चाहता था।


Work finishes on £15m Wrexham emergency centre

Summary: Work has finished on a new £15m emergency centre in Wrexham, combining fire and ambulance station services.

The building on Croesnewydd Road will replace the town's existing fire station and ambulance stations in Wrexham and Chirk. Staff are expected to move in next month. The plans were mooted in 2012 and construction began in September 2014. New staff have been recruited to clean ambulances after use so paramedics can spend more time with patients.

रेक्सम में एक नए 15 मिलियन पाउंड के आपातकालीन केंद्र पर काम पूरा हो गया है, जिसमें अग्निशमन और एम्बुलेंस स्टेशन सेवाओं को जोड़ा गया है।


Lockdown diaries: 'Cabin fever has struck this time'

Summary: "I have only been out for six weeks in the last 52," says Chloe Ball-Hopkins, a foundation degree arts student at South Gloucestershire and Stroud College, who lives with her grandparents. This is her lockdown life in her own words.

"For shielders like me I didn't really feel safe going outside even when lockdown was slightly relaxed. "This year has taken its toll on my relationship, and I split with my boyfriend a few weeks ago. "We were used to long-distance as he was in the military but the lack of contact with Covid just made it too hard to continue. "With break-ups, my friends want to be with me but they can't. "The first lockdown and the second one was much easier, because I occasionally went out in the garden. "This time it isn't so easy, I can still get unwell just being out in the wet and cold so I have to be really careful. "I am starting to get cabin fever this time." "On Monday, when I woke up to see they were onto my category for vaccinations I was buzzing. "I'm waiting for my text, it will be a nice trip out but also the fact I'm protected will be a huge saving to the NHS. "I hate being branded as vulnerable as I've never seen myself as vulnerable before. "I do see an end point, and when people are offered the vaccine they need to take it for the greater good." Chloe Ball- Hopkins, from Wotton-under-Edge in Gloucestershire, lives in her grandparents's annexe and is in the extremely clinically vulnerable category . She has been shielding almost constantly since March 2020.

साउथ ग्लूस्टरशायर और स्ट्रॉड कॉलेज में फाउंडेशन डिग्री आर्ट्स की छात्रा क्लो बॉल-हॉपकिन्स, जो अपने दादा-दादी के साथ रहती हैं, कहती हैं, "मैं पिछले 52 में केवल छह हफ्तों के लिए बाहर गई हूं।


Irish record for auction of Chinese vase

Summary: A Chinese vase valued at 1,200 euros (£1,050) has shocked its owner by selling for nearly three quarters of a million euros at an Irish auction.

The 18th Century vase, which dates back to the Qing dynasty, was bought by a bidder based in France for 740,000 euros (£647,000). Auctioneers, Sheppard's, said they believed it was the highest ever price for an art object at an Irish auction. It is not known how the vase ended up in the Republic of Ireland. Irish broadcaster, RTÉ, reported that it would have been "given as a prestigious gift by the Chinese emperor to an important visitor". The 23cm (9in) double gourd vase was auctioned in Durrow, County Laois, on Saturday. The item is considered to be extremely rare and it sparked an international bidding war involving collectors from more than 40 countries.

1, 200 यूरो (1,050 पाउंड) मूल्य के एक चीनी फूलदान ने एक आयरिश नीलामी में लगभग तीन चौथाई मिलियन यूरो में बेचकर अपने मालिक को चौंका दिया है।


Google reveals Play Music All Access subscription service

Summary: Google has unveiled a streaming music subscription service.

Google Play Music All Access offers users the ability to listen to millions of tracks in addition to the ones they already own. The firm described it as "radio without rules". The facility is set to compete with Spotify, Xbox Music, Rdio, Pandora and other similar products. However, unlike several of its rivals there is no free-to-use option beyond an initial 30-day trial period. Instead users face a $9.99 (£5.60) monthly charge to access a library containing millions of songs via an Android device or web browser. Early adopters are being offered a discounted rate of $7.99-a-month. Pricing and availability outside of the US have not yet been announced. The news came at the firm's I/O developers conference in San Francisco. Investors appeared to welcome the move sending Google's shares above $900 for the first time. Streaming music Music All Access allows users to manually add songs to a playlist or allow a feature called Explore to offer them recommendations. Playlists can also include songs which the user owns which would otherwise not be available. One industry watcher suggested Google was wise not to offer an advert-supported free-to-listen option. "One of the things that has really slowed Spotify down is its freemium tier," said Alice Enders, a music industry expert at consultancy Enders Analysis. "It helps familiarise people with a streaming music service, but it immediately means you are selling online advertising and that means in a fragmented market that you have to have local sales teams. "Let's face it, a freemium tier is a very expensive marketing device." However, another analyst said Music All Access's success was not guaranteed. He noted Spotify has 24 million users but the service had only managed to convince 6 million of them to pay. "This will be the fourth big music play that Google has launched over the years and every time they do it people get excited, because it is Google, but most of the products to date haven't had the massive impact people thought they would," said Chris Cooke from trade newsletter CMU Music Network. "I don't think it's a foregone conclusion that this is a Spotify-killer or a total game changer. "But what is interesting is that Google already owned the most successful music streaming service in terms of hits and revenue in YouTube - it's just that it comes with videos and doesn't integrate into Google Play". Voice searches Rumours that Google would reveal details of an upgrade to its mobile operating system, taking Android to either 4.3 or 5.0, proved to be unfounded. But announcements it did make included a new cross-platform messaging app called Google Hangouts. It allows users to have video chats, send text messages and swap pictures between Android and iOS devices as well its Chrome web browser. Past conversations are stored on Google's servers. The facility poses competition to Skype, Whatsapp, BBM, Tango and others. The firm is also adding a voice-powered search facility to the Chrome browser. By saying "OK Google" followed by a search command, users can ask their PC to provide information, find pictures or carry out tasks such as making a reservation. Voice-search was previously limited to its smartphone apps. The tool can also anticipate follow-up questions. Google gave the example of asking where a theme park was based. The information was given and then followed with directions showing how to get there from a restaurant which had been booked earlier. Google Maps gets a major refresh. The web browser version has been rewritten to personalise results, highlighting locations the firm believes the user will be most interested in. These are based on the person's previous use of Google's services and the reviews their friends have posted on its Google+ social network. The firm's Android and iOS Map apps are also to get more features including live details of reported road accidents alongside suggested changes to a motorist's route. Video games Developers were told new video game features were being added to Android. They include the abilities to synchronise a player's progress across different devices and to compare scores on leaderboards managed via its Google+ social network. The leaderboard feature will be offered to gamers playing on Apple's iOS devices or using web-based titles. Google also announced a service to make it easier to write multiplayer games, but a tech demonstration failed. In hardware, Google revealed it is to sell a version of Samsung's new Galaxy S4 handset running the basic Android system without the South Korean firm's TouchWiz user interface installed on top. One mobile phone reviewer thought the option could prove popular since it removed "clutter" from the device. "Samsung has an overwhelming share of Android sales and both firms have been privately worried about their reliance on the other," said Graeme Neill, deputy editor at Mobile Today. "You could describe this as a Nexus version of the Galaxy S4, and it might be seen as a sign that the troubled relationship between the two companies, that was reported on earlier this year, is a little less tense. Even so, they will continue to watch one another warily." However, an up-front cost of $649 might discourage some consumers. Android's rise Google also revealed new figures related to the growing popularity of Android. It said that it had now recorded 900 million activations of the operating system. That more than doubles the figure given last year. In addition it said that more than 48 billion apps had been installed from its Google Play store and that on average users were spending two and a half times more on it than they were a year ago. There was no repeat of a stunt on the scale of last year's live video feed which showed skydivers jumping out of a plane while wearing the company's upcoming Glass eyewear. However, chief executive Larry Page did briefly talk about the project. "Glass is a new category, quite different than existing computing devices and so I think it's great that we've started on it and our main goal is to get happy users," he said. "Basic use cases we have around photography are amazing - I love taking pictures of my kids." But he declined to reveal how many copies Google planned to make in its initial production run or to disclose other details about the upcoming launch.

गूगल ने एक स्ट्रीमिंग संगीत सदस्यता सेवा का अनावरण किया है।


Hot-air balloons take to Bristol skies ahead of fiesta

Summary: Dozens of hot-air balloons have taken to the skies over Bristol ahead of Europe's largest ballooning event.

The Bristol International Balloon Fiesta, now in its 37th year, takes place at Ashton Court with more than 500,000 visitors expected. Organiser Clive Bailey said Bristol was "the world capital for ballooning" and hosted Europe's "biggest free event". The four-day festival starts on 6 August, with more than 100 hot air balloons expected to take part.

यूरोप के सबसे बड़े गुब्बारे के आयोजन से पहले ब्रिस्टल के ऊपर दर्जनों गर्म हवा के गुब्बारे आसमान में उड़ गए हैं।


Motorbike passenger aged six injured in Stafford crash

Summary: A six-year-old boy suffered serious head injuries when he came off a motorbike he was riding as a pillion passenger.

A man at the controls, aged 42, was also seriously hurt in the crash on Common Road, Stafford, shortly after 00:00 BST on Sunday. Both riders' condition on Monday afternoon was described as stable. The boy's injuries are not believed to be life-threatening, police say. The riders were each taken to hospital with head and facial injuries, with the man also suffering chest wounds. West Midlands Ambulance Service said both patients had fallen from the motorbike. Staffordshire Police said it did not believe there were any other vehicles involved. Follow BBC West Midlands on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Send your story ideas to: newsonline.westmidlands@bbc.co.uk

एक छह वर्षीय लड़के के सिर में गंभीर चोटें आईं जब वह एक मोटरसाइकिल से उतर गया जो वह एक पिलियन यात्री के रूप में चला रहा था।


Reigate man accused of 87-year-old woman's murder

Summary: A man has been charged with the murder of an 87-year-old woman who died four days after she was attacked.

Guy Unmack, 45, of Warren Road, Reigate, Surrey, was charged with the murder of Rosemary Hill who was assaulted on June 21. Mr Unmack was arrested on suspicion of attempted murder and was detained under the Mental Health Act. He is due to appear at Guildford Magistrates' Court later.

एक व्यक्ति पर 87 वर्षीय महिला की हत्या का आरोप लगाया गया है, जिसकी हमले के चार दिन बाद मौत हो गई थी।


Welcome to Cambodia: What Australia isn't telling refugees

Summary: Take a one-way ticket out of a Pacific island detention centre and you could start a new life in a country where you are told jobs are waiting, quality medical services are available, and there are no problems with violent crime or even stray dogs.

By Kevin DoylePhnom Penh Free accommodation is provided, along with monthly income support, health insurance, complimentary language classes and more. Sound a lot like Utopia? Try Cambodia, one of the poorest countries in the world. Or, welcome to a version of life in Cambodia promised to four refugees - two Iranian men, an Iranian woman and a Rohingya man from Myanmar (also known as Burma) - for agreeing to resettle in Cambodia instead of Australia. When they arrive in the capital Phnom Penh from Darwin, the four will be the vanguard of a controversial deal in which Cambodia has agreed to resettle Australia's unwanted refugees. Hundreds of them are detained on the Pacific island of Nauru. In return for receiving those who volunteer to resettle, Cambodia has been promised A$40m ($31m; £20m) in aid money. Refugee groups have attacked the deal, accusing Tony Abbott's government of abrogating Australia's responsibilities to refugees and paying off an impoverished Cambodia. Members of Cambodia's opposition party have accused Australia of using their country as a dumping ground. The plan has also been ridiculed for providing a standard of living to refugees - initially at least - that many Cambodians could only dream of. Around 18% of Cambodia's 15 million people survive on less than $0.93 (£0.61) a day. Initially, the four refugees will be housed in a villa in the south of Phnom Penh. They will receive income support, health insurance, classes in the local language, cultural and social orientation, and assistance in finding work or educational opportunities, said Leul Mekonnen, chief of mission of the International Organization for Migration in Cambodia. Due to intense scrutiny of the refugees' transfer and to ensure privacy, their identities are being kept confidential, as is the amount of financial support they receive, Mr Mekonnen said. "There will be initial assistance which may be considered higher than local standards. But they need it," he added. 'So sad' This has caused resentment among some in Cambodia which saw protests in 2014 when the re-settlement deal was agreed. "I am amazed that refugees will be accommodated in villa-style houses and will have teachers coming to give them Khmer lessons and others, when our own Khmer population are kicked out from their own land and have to survive on their own," one Phnom Penh resident wrote in a Facebook post. "Australia paid millions to resettle those refugees, compared to our population who have nothing to give in exchange… So sad." The Australian government has paid the first Nauru migrant volunteers lump sums of up to A$15,000 ($11,500; £7,500), national media have reported. More than A$15.5m ($12m; £7.8m) has been allocated to the refugee resettlement plan in Cambodia, on top of the A$40m ($31m; £20m) promised to the Cambodian government, the Australian Senate Committee has been told. A "fact sheet" on life in Cambodia given out on Nauru, serves to act as an inducement. It paints an implausibly rosy picture of life, describing the country as "rapidly developing" with "all the freedoms of a democratic society", as well as "a high standard of health care with multiple hospitals", and no "violent crime or stray dogs". What Australia tells its own citizens about Cambodia is rather different. "Health and medical services in Cambodia are generally of a very poor quality and very limited in the services they can provide," Australia's Department of Foreign Affairs says on its website. "Outside Phnom Penh there are almost no medical facilities equipped to deal with medical emergencies", while "hospitals and doctors generally require up-front payment in cash. In the event of a serious illness or accident, medical evacuation to a destination with the appropriate facilities would be necessary," the website warns. And, crime is a concern: "The level of firearm ownership in Cambodia is high, and guns are sometimes used to resolve disputes," the department notes. Kem Sarin, director of the Cambodian government's refugee office at the interior ministry, declined to comment on the veracity of the fact sheet, apart from one claim - that Cambodia has no stray dogs - for which he gave this opinion: "There are dogs in all countries." The country's main employers are minimum-wage garment factories where hundreds of thousands of young women from rural areas toil for long hours for relatively little pay - around $50 (£33) a week. 'Rich is okay' Breast-feeding her sick daughter on the street outside a children's hospital in Phnom Penh waiting to see a doctor, Moeun Srey Lin, 32, paints a picture of the kind of healthcare, education and work opportunities available for her and the 70% of the population who are farmers. She spent two hours on a bus to get to the city from her village. Her eight-month-old daughter has been sick for three weeks with a persistent high fever, cough and runny nose. She went to local, private health clinics three times in the past three weeks, spending her meagre income on treatments that have not been effective. Asked about life in Cambodia, Srey Lin says it is hard to find work and educational opportunities. Healthcare is, as you can see, not very good, she says. "If we are a poor family, our kids don't get a good education. If we are rich, it is okay because our kids won't have to work to help the family." Lucrative jobs, skilled doctors and good schools do exist in Cambodia. But they are only accessible to a tiny percentage of this country's population. Staggering wealth evident in Cambodia in the last few years says more about widening inequality, and endemic corruption, than an abundance of opportunities, or a rising tide raising all boats. Additional reporting by Phorn Bopha

प्रशांत द्वीप निरोध केंद्र से एक तरफा टिकट लें और आप एक ऐसे देश में एक नया जीवन शुरू कर सकते हैं जहां आपको बताया जाता है कि नौकरियां इंतजार कर रही हैं, गुणवत्तापूर्ण चिकित्सा सेवाएं उपलब्ध हैं, और हिंसक अपराध या यहां तक कि आवारा कुत्तों के साथ कोई समस्या नहीं है।


Rhuddlan derelict land declared natural reserve

Summary: A former dumping ground which has been transformed into a wildlife haven has been officially designated a nature reserve in Denbighshire.

A special opening ceremony is being held at Rhuddlan Nature Reserve on Friday. The process to transform the former derelict land began in 2009 with help from locals and Denbighshire council. Councillor Barbara Smith said: "The site has slowly developed into an impressive green open space."

एक पूर्व डंपिंग ग्राउंड जिसे वन्यजीव आश्रय में बदल दिया गया है, उसे आधिकारिक तौर पर डेनबिघशायर में एक प्रकृति आरक्षित क्षेत्र नामित किया गया है।


Calculated risks: Will algorithms make business boring?

Summary: Ever found yourself wondering whether your boss is human?

By Zoe KleinmanTechnology reporter, BBC News Haven't we all. Now, with the march of artificial intelligence and robotics, it's becoming an increasingly valid question. Algorithms - problem solving computer programmes - are, to put it bluntly, getting much better at doing our jobs than we are. And it's not just in the tech sector where computers are becoming king. Last year the LA Times published an article about an earthquake which was written by a computer programme. School children in South Korea are being taught English by a machine called Robosem, and even the so-called oldest profession faces competition - a US firm called TrueCompanion claims to have developed the world's first sex robots, with the most basic model costing just $995 (£645). But is there a danger that this brave new world is going to be a bit, well, dull? Movies by numbers The entertainment industry has already adopted an algorithmic approach to working out what we want to watch. When TV and movie streaming service Netflix decided to start commissioning its own material, it turned not to Hollywood veterans, film critics or media forecasters, but to algorithms and user data. A data trawl of the most-watched and loved content streamed by Netflix customers revealed three key ingredients - actor Kevin Spacey, director David Fincher and political dramas produced by the BBC . So the firm commissioned a remake of 1990 BBC political thriller House of Cards, starring Kevin Spacey and directed by David Fincher. It became the first ever web series to win a prestigious Emmy award, with the first series receiving nine nominations. "House of Cards is the most famous example of a data driven approach to creativity," said Luke Dormehl, film maker and author of The Formula: How Algorithms Solve All Our Problems, and Create More. "Netflix commissioned an unprecedented number of these episodes - and paid upfront - rather than going down the traditional route, where you shoot a pilot, present to executives etc." It is perhaps no wonder the company keeps its lucrative viewing figures and ratings information such a closely guarded secret - it has never made them public. London-based firm Epagogix offers an AI analysis of movie scripts to predict how successful they are likely to be at the box office. It even claims to be able to identify "improvements" to boost a film's commercial value. In theory this eliminates every film maker's worst nightmare - the expensive flop. "If a film needs to make £10m and it makes £5m [at the box office] we say it's bombed," said Mr Dormehl. "But if we had that data in advance and said, if you spend half the money making it, it will still make £5m... it opens the way for making mid-range films." But where's the excitement, the joy of the surprise hit or chance discovery of the new? Luke Dormehl says it opens up a world of different opportunities. "As a film maker I think there are plenty of exciting possibilities," he said. "It's exciting to have a script where you can tap into that data. Which scenes remind people of good times, which music cues do they like, when do they get up to make the tea.... "I'm excited about the possibility of films that change direction depending on who is watching them, or change narrative if you're not paying attention." High tech traders The finance sector is another enjoying the comparative stability of computer control. "The trading floor was a very exciting place. Now it's more like a software company than a financial organisation," said Dr Juan Pablo Pardo-Guerra, assistant professor at the London School of Economics. High Frequency financial trader Virtu, an electronic trader with computerised strategies, has only ever recorded one day of losses in nearly six years. On its website the firm claims that its 148 employees are the "secret sauce" of its success but its own proprietary technology is at the heart of all of its trading activity. "If we were handling the same volumes of stocks with human traders it would probably be a much more volatile existence," said Dr Pardo-Guerra. It's nothing new - attempts have been made to automate the trading aspects of the financial markets since the 1980s - but is the Virtu success story a nail in the coffin for traditional finance sector jobs? "The first step has gone already - the floor traders. In Chicago the trading floor was the centre of everything until a few years back when everything moved to automated," Dr Pardo-Guerra said. "The next step will probably be analysts and people who compile data and information on companies and produce stock valuations - that will be affected by algorithms and automations." Financial thrill-seekers will still enjoy working in the sector, predicts Dr Pardo-Guerra - but there will definitely be a change of scene. "It's probably going to have some impact on how people relate with the market, how they find excitement in trading," he said. "But the market is so big and complex there will always be space for excitement." And the good news is there is still room for the human touch - at least for now. "Even within the most analytical part of finance of markets meetings and relationships are still quite important and that's something algorithms can't do," he added. "Some aspects can be automated - calculated or quantitative decision making. But others rely more on personal cues and networks." Algorithms have another potentially fatal flaw - they are unable to recognise when someone is taking the tricks of the trade too far. "People know how to manipulate prices to get more customers or make their strategies more profitable," said Dr Pardo-Guerra. "I think algorithms present challenges in terms of identifying these processes." Their inability to interpret sneaky human behaviour has proved a stumbling block in the surveillance sector too. OK Computer Dr Daniel Neyland, professor at Goldsmiths University, London, was involved in an experiment at an airport last year where an algorithmic system was installed to identify suspicious abandoned luggage from CCTV footage. "On average there was one alert per hour by having staff looking at monitors," said Dr Neyland. "In six hours the system detected 2654 [alerts]. It was so far off the scale of expectations, there weren't enough people to respond or even go through the data afterwards." Among the false alarms identified by the system were shadows on the floor, cleaners' trolleys and people standing still, Dr Neyland explained. "People are generally speaking good at picking out what's a bag and what's not - but also whether it looks abandoned," he said. "Algorithmically processing this kind of data is challenging. What's a bag and what's not? How long has it been left for? How far is a person from their bag?" For similar reasons one European rail network has completely uninstalled an automated security system, Dr Neyland added. It was supposed to monitor un-staffed areas for signs of vandalism and break-ins. "The operatives looked like they had a bad response rate but the system was not picking out things they could respond to," he said. "This is a tricky area for video analytics. You don't want false negatives where you miss the thing you are supposed to look at, but too many false positives undermines ability of the system to operate." But the day when algorithms become the boss is closer for some workplaces than others, he warns. "Workplaces that are already tech-saturated will lend themselves more to algorithmic governance," he said. "It already happens in call centres. Algorithms read how long calls are, how successful they are, measurements of response time etc. That data is used in managing the work place. "There is some suggestion that staff welcome this accurate measurement of their day - it gives them an objective element to appraisals." Not everybody however is a fan. "As soon as you put into place a measure it quickly becomes a target," Dr Neyland added. "There are also some suggestions that people hate it, and that it puts extra pressure on their jobs. "If someone is going to assess quality is it OK to reduce it to number crunching?" Automated, unflinching and calculating with no sense of humour..... maybe your boss isn't so bad after all.

क्या आपने कभी खुद को यह सोचते हुए पाया है कि क्या आपका मालिक इंसान है?


How is Holyrood's Alex Salmond inquiry going?

Summary: A Holyrood committee investigating the Scottish government's handling of complaints against Alex Salmond is resuming hearings after complaining they faced "obstruction" and a lack of cooperation. What are MSPs looking in to and what might the fallout be?

By Philip SimBBC Scotland News What is it? The parliamentary inquiry was set up in January 2019 after the Scottish government conceded an internal investigation of sexual misconduct complaints against Mr Salmond had been unlawful. As the government paid out £500,000 in expenses to the former first minister, MSPs established a special committee to dig into what had gone wrong - but this was quickly put on hold when criminal charges were levelled against the former first minister. Now that Mr Salmond has been acquitted of those charges, the matter has moved back out of the arena of the courts and into politics. A panel of nine MSPs - four from the SNP, two Tories and one from each of Labour, the Greens and the Lib Dems - was chosen, headed by deputy presiding officer Linda Fabiani. Their remit is to "consider and report on the actions of the first minister, Scottish government officials and special advisors in dealing with complaints about Alex Salmond". The botched investigation At the heart of the inquiry is an internal investigation conducted into two complaints against Mr Salmond, dating back to when he was in office. He maintained his innocence and contended that the way the probe had been handled was "unfair and unjust" - and took the government he once led to court. Before the main hearing in this civil case had even begun, the Scottish government conceded defeat. The two sides agreed there had been a "failure" by the government in following a recently-devised process, and that the report resulting from the probe - which according to court documents was set to uphold the complaints - "could not be allowed to stand". After the complaints were submitted in January 2018, an investigating officer was appointed to the case - but it transpired that she had previously had contact with both complainers, in breach of the government's own rules. There remains dispute about the extent of this contact - Mr Salmond's side insist it bordered on "encouragement", while the government insists it was "welfare support and guidance" - but the fact it happened was enough to collapse their case in the judicial review. Despite the early end to proceedings, a hefty legal bill had to be settled - and the Scottish government ended up paying out £512,250 to the former first minister in costs. The committee is examining how the complaints procedure was drawn up, how it was applied and where it fell down in the case of Mr Salmond, as well as the fallout from the judicial review case. Nicola Sturgeon's role After the judicial review, Mr Salmond pointed the finger at Leslie Evans, the Scottish government's most senior civil servant, repeatedly calling on her to consider her position. Ms Evans - who has given evidence to the committee twice already, insisting the government was not out to "get" Mr Salmond - has been backed throughout by her boss, Nicola Sturgeon. Questions have also been asked about the first minister's role. It was Ms Sturgeon who signed off the complaints handling process, drawn up in the wake of the #MeToo movement and sexual harassment scandals at both Holyrood and Westminster. And after she told MSPs she had spoken to Mr Salmond several times about the complaints - insisting she herself had no role in the process and "acted appropriately and in good faith" - persistent questions have been posed about what Ms Sturgeon knew and when. Ms Sturgeon had always insisted she first learned of the investigation in a meeting with her predecessor - Mr Salmond - at her Glasgow home on 2 April, 2018, and that it had been considered strictly an SNP party matter rather than one of government. However, during the trial Mr Salmond's former chief of staff Geoff Aberdein - who helped facilitate the meeting - said he had met the first minister at her Holyrood office several days earlier, on 29 March. Ms Sturgeon has submitted written evidence saying she had "forgotten" about this encounter - something opposition politicians say is "beyond belief". Political conspiracy? The inquiry's focus is very much on the internal government inquiry rather than the criminal trial - MSPs pledged not to "reinvestigate the substance of the complaints" - but there are links between the two. To start with, MSPs have to be mindful of the legal order that bans the naming of any complainers from the court case, even where there is overlap with the internal government probe. And Mr Salmond's defence team very directly linked the failure of the judicial review to the criminal charges, claiming this "scandal" was the motivation for a politically-driven conspiracy against the former SNP leader. In pre-trial hearings, his lawyers said that after the "spectacular" collapse of the government's case in the Court of Session, people working within the current administration turned their attention "very directly" to the criminal probe and "sought to influence that process to discredit the former first minister". In his closing speech to the jury, QC Gordon Jackson said that the whole case "comes out of the political bubble" and "absolutely stinks". Ms Sturgeon clearly expects questions about this. She told the BBC that "there was no conspiracy, it's a heap of nonsense" - but said she would "in the fullness of time get the opportunity to elaborate on that view". How will it work? The committee is endeavouring to work chronologically through the drawing up of the complaints procedure, the application to the case of Mr Salmond, and then the costly debacle of the judicial review. Members are also examining the "culture" of government, with witnesses called to testify about life at Bute House under both Ms Sturgeon and Mr Salmond. A range of politicians, civil servants and aides have been asked to provide written evidence, and many are also being called to give testimony in person. Those testifying at Holyrood are expected to swear an oath or affirmation, and anyone who breaches this could be prosecuted under the Criminal Law Consolidation Act. Mr Salmond has been told he will likely be called to give evidence in December, and Ms Sturgeon has said she is ready to face the committee "any time". Other figures who normally operate behind the scenes are also likely to appear, including members of the first minister's inner circle of special advisors and her husband, SNP chief executive Peter Murrell, who has been caught up in a row over text messages he sent about Mr Salmond's case. Even before the major players have taken to the stage, there have been clashes over the work of the committee, with convener Linda Fabiani complaining about "obstruction" and a lack of cooperation from the government, the SNP and Mr Salmond. Mr Salmond's lawyers have accused the government of trying to "malign" his reputation, while there has been talk of legal action to force the release of documents from the various court cases involved. Other probes The parliamentary inquiry is just one of a number of probes surrounding the affair which are now up and running after the court proceedings. Ms Sturgeon referred herself to an independent panel which will decide whether she broke the Ministerial Code in her dealings with Mr Salmond, and the government also initiated an internal review of how its harassment procedure had been applied. Both of these inquiries are ongoing, and Ms Evans told the committee via letter that their findings would be published in due course. Meanwhile, Mr Salmond has pushed for a review of how the existence of the internal investigation ended up in the media, and is likely to continue to seek answers despite the Information Commissioner's Office finding "no evidence" that government staff were behind the leak. Some of the former first minister's supporters have also called for a further probe to look into the matter, with SNP MSP Alex Neil demanding a "judge-led public inquiry" into whether or not the "organs of the state" had been involved in a "conspiracy to do in Alex Salmond".

एलेक्स सैल्मंड के खिलाफ शिकायतों से निपटने की स्कॉटिश सरकार की जांच कर रही एक होलीरूड समिति "बाधा" और सहयोग की कमी का सामना करने की शिकायत के बाद सुनवाई फिर से शुरू कर रही है। एम. एस. पी. क्या देख रहे हैं और इसके क्या परिणाम हो सकते हैं?