Covid brainwave: 'I turned my office into a cyclists' cafe'

Summary: As part of our CEO Secrets series, which invites business leaders to share their advice, we are focusing on start-ups that have launched during lockdown, looking at different types of entrepreneur. This week, we hear from people whose jobs are under threat in hospitality, a sector hit particularly hard during the pandemic.

By Dougal ShawBusiness reporter, BBC News The hospitality industry has been left reeling after two national lockdowns and, although England is just emerging from the second one, things aren't necessarily looking better. The introduction of new tiered restrictions has been described in some quarters as a "mortal blow" for an industry "bearing the brunt of the pain". Bruce Tate, 39, was in a bad place after the first lockdown. His business in Newcastle, called Need Music, which handled live bookings for pubs and weddings, was forced to close, and he wasn't entitled to financial support from the government because he drew his income as company dividends. But while contemplating his future, sitting at a picnic table outside his office, he had a "light bulb" moment. A cyclist whizzed past. This was normal. The office garden overlooks Route 72, also known as Hadrian's Cycle Way, one of the UK's most popular cycle routes. He suddenly thought: what if he turned this area, which his business was renting anyway, into a cafe, capitalising on the passing trade on wheels? A few physical adjustments were necessary to make the idea possible. Bruce created some covered wooden seating areas, added a serving hatch to his office kitchen, and Route 72 Cafe opened in July. As predicted, cyclists have provided regular custom, stopping off for simple refreshments like cheese toasties, beans on toast and pannini. In time Bruce added to the menu homemade pies and pulled pork sandwiches, made by his wife. One particularly profitable day saw a group of 100 riders drop by, en route from Newcastle to Wylam. The new business was gaining momentum and his investments were beginning to pay off when the new tiered restrictions arrived in the autumn, followed by a second national lockdown in November. With lockdown now over, Newcastle is in tier three which means the cafe can open for takeaways only and Bruce has chosen to open only at the weekends for now. He remains an optimist despite the huge upheavals to his life and business. "I will come out of this pandemic stronger than I went in," he says. "Hopefully I will have two successful businesses, instead of one." His advice to other people in the hospitality industry is to try different things with your existing resources and skills, but to build your new business around the restrictions - however frustrating that can be. Hospitality in crisis The hospitality industry includes businesses such as restaurants, cafes, pubs, bars, nightclubs, entertainment venues and hotels. These types of businesses have lost more than 600,000 jobs this year, according to UK Hospitality. The trade body estimates that previously expected annual growth of 5% has turned into a 40% contraction in 2020, due to the coronavirus pandemic. What jobs are available at the moment? Jessica Bond-Gallagher trusted her husband's cooking enough to let him do the catering for their wedding with nearly 200 guests. Then again, he is a professional chef. That was back in August 2019. Little did she know her husband's skill in the kitchen would also get them through coronavirus. The couple both have careers in hospitality. Jessica, 29, works as a hotel manager, and Chris, 30, as a chef. In March this year they took the first steps towards a long-term dream, which was to open a restaurant together in Staffordshire, where Jessica grew up. She had landed a job managing a lounge bar there, while Chris had a job offer to be head chef at a gastropub in neighbouring Cheshire - this meant they could both move from their temporary home in Cambridge. "When Boris [Johnson] announced people had to avoid pubs, clubs and bars we immediately knew our jobs were lost," says Jessica. Furthermore, they weren't on the payroll for their new roles yet, so they didn't anticipate any government help. "I remember just saying, 'We have to do something,'" says Jessica. What they did was set up Gallagher's Home Kitchen. They cleared out their kitchen in their house to make it resemble a commercial one. They wanted to deliver food to people stuck at home during lockdown and thought there would be extra demand because of fears of food shortages. At first Chris just focused on making simple tray bakes. They reached out to their local network of friends before trying social media to find customers. Jessica managed the orders and personally delivered them in a "military operation". Deliveroo and Uber Eats were an inspiration, explains Chris. "They showed people would buy food this way. But they also didn't serve our rural area, so there was a gap in the market." The demand was clearly there, so they scaled up the operation by renting a kitchen in a rugby club. Chris created a menu offering a different main dish for each day of the week, focusing on familiar favourites like lasagne and lamb stockpot. On their first day in March they took one order. By the end of summer they were delivering 40 to 50 meals a day. The profits were more than enough to pay their bills and the couple also gave out some free meals to the elderly and NHS workers. In September they downsized their successful lockdown enterprise into a once-a-month supper club, and used the money they made to secure something approaching their original dream: a grab-and-go deli shop on the High Street of the market town of Leek, Staffordshire. "We want to reinvigorate our local High Street," says Chris, "there's a lot of good will for independent shops." "In a way Covid was a blessing," says Jessica, "in that it pushed us forwards, otherwise we'd still be in our old jobs." In south-east London another entrepreneur is pursuing a food dream, though he is learning from scratch. Every Tuesday Andrew Woodhouse gets up at 3.30am to drive to Billingsgate Market. He buys a consignment of fresh salmon and takes it home, where he fillets it and leaves it to cure in trays of salt. He's finished by 6am. Then he can begin his day job. This is Andrew's "new normal". He is an out-of-office fishmonger, thanks to Covid-19. Since university the 27-year-old had worked in the financial events industry, organising conferences around the world. These came to an abrupt halt when coronavirus struck. "I was furloughed over the summer, which I expected, but I didn't want to waste my time sitting around," he explains. So he decided to work on a business idea inspired by a childhood passion. He used to go coarse fishing on the River Mole near his home in Hampton, southwest London, catching carp, tench and pike. By his twenties, he was fly fishing, and went on salmon fishing holidays as far afield as Iceland and North America. In lockdown he decided to turn his catch into his product, selling smoked salmon, which he would prepare himself. He built his own salmon smoker in his garden after researching some instructions online, and converted his basement into a curing room. "My flatmates weren't too keen on smelly fish lying around," Andrew admits. He has registered his food business Andrew's Smokehouse with the council and found a steady stream of customers by posting on Instagram the and Nextdoor app. At his peak he was fulfilling around 100 orders a month. It was hard work over the summer when he devoted himself full-time to the start-up, but the profits topped up his wages back to100% (from the 80% furlough rate). Andrew is now back working full-time from home organising virtual conferences, but still running his salmon business. His advice for other entrepreneurs who are juggling paid employment and start-ups is this: "You might feel time is the only thing stopping you, but you can always make time depending on what scale you want your business to operate. Why not give it a go?" You can follow CEO Secrets reporter Dougal on Twitter: @dougalshawbbc

हमारी सी. ई. ओ. सीक्रेट्स श्रृंखला के हिस्से के रूप में, जो व्यापारिक नेताओं को अपनी सलाह साझा करने के लिए आमंत्रित करती है, हम उन स्टार्ट-अप्स पर ध्यान केंद्रित कर रहे हैं जो लॉकडाउन के दौरान शुरू हुए हैं, विभिन्न प्रकार के उद्यमियों को देखते हुए। इस सप्ताह, हम उन लोगों से सुन रहे हैं जिनकी नौकरियां आतिथ्य में खतरे में हैं, एक ऐसा क्षेत्र जो महामारी के दौरान विशेष रूप से बुरी तरह प्रभावित हुआ है।


Guernsey Water offices for sale

Summary: The building occupied by the company responsible for Guernsey's water supplies for more than 100 years has been put up for sale.

The States-owned premises on South Esplanade are on the market for £1.5m. The self-contained offices on the St Peter Port seafront were built in 1887, the year of Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee. It follows the move by Guernsey Water to new offices at St Andrew's Quarry. Numbers two and three Jubilee Terrace were originally two private dwellings before becoming the administrative headquarters of the States Water Board, which later became Guernsey Water.

100 से अधिक वर्षों से ग्वेर्नसे की जल आपूर्ति के लिए जिम्मेदार कंपनी द्वारा कब्जा की गई इमारत को बिक्री के लिए रखा गया है।


Nick Clegg promises 'to tarmac' A303 if no government announcement

Summary: The deputy prime minister has promised "to come down and tarmac the A303 myself" if there is no announcement about it in the autumn statement.

Speaking on a visit to the West County, Nick Clegg said people had long been campaigning for the A303 and A358 to be improved. He said it had become a bottleneck for both tourists and businesses. "Local businesses have been telling me it's their number one ask of government," Mr Clegg said. "We haven't decided all the details yet, but if there is not a commitment to improve the A303 in the Autumn Statement I'll come down here and start tarmacing it myself," said the Lib Dem MP for Sheffield Hallam. The A303 runs from the south east of Basingstoke, Hampshire, to the north east of Honiton, Devon, a distance of some 100 miles (160km).

उप प्रधान मंत्री ने वादा किया है कि अगर शरद ऋतु के बयान में इसके बारे में कोई घोषणा नहीं की जाती है तो "नीचे आ कर खुद ए303 को टरमैक करेंगे"।


Joseph Chattaway charged with attempted murder of parents

Summary: A 25-year-old man has been charged for the attempted murder of his mother and father.

Joseph Chattaway of Pilkington Road, Mapperley, Nottingham, was arrested on Friday after his parents were allegedly assaulted on 5 August. His father remains critically ill in hospital, while his mother has since been discharged. Mr Chattaway has been remanded in custody and will appear at Nottingham Magistrates' Court on Monday. Follow BBC East Midlands on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram. Send your story ideas to eastmidsnews@bbc.co.uk.

एक 25 वर्षीय व्यक्ति पर अपनी माँ और पिता की हत्या के प्रयास का आरोप लगाया गया है।


Sunderland race hate accused faces retrial

Summary: A man is to go on retrial accused of stirring up racial hatred at a series of rallies in Sunderland.

William Charlton, also known as Billy, faces five counts of using threatening, abusive or insulting words or behaviour likely to stir up racial hatred. A trail, estimated to last two weeks, will start at Newcastle Crown Court on 2 September. The 54-year-old, of no fixed address, was granted unconditional bail by Judge Simon Batiste, sitting in Teesside.

सुंदरलैंड में रैलियों की एक श्रृंखला में नस्लीय घृणा भड़काने के आरोप में एक व्यक्ति पर फिर से मुकदमा चलाया जाना है।


Comparing the evolution of IS and the IRA

Summary: There is a remarkable parallel between the rise of the so-called Islamic State (IS), and the evolution of the IRA in Northern Ireland, says the BBC's Peter Taylor, who covered the conflict for over 40 years.

By Peter TaylorBBC News The force of the comparison hit me when I was recently in Iraq investigating where and how the leadership of IS came together, for a BBC Two This World documentary. It was forged in a most unlikely place, an American internment camp in the sands of southern Iraq called Camp Bucca, named after Ronald Bucca, a New York fire fighter killed in the 9/11 attacks. Over 20,000 suspected Iraqi insurgents - mostly Sunni - were incarcerated there until its final closure following the US withdrawal from Iraq in 2011. Key elements of the IRA's leadership also came together three decades earlier in an internment camp in Northern Ireland known as Long Kesh. Camp Bucca and Long Kesh have entered the folklore of the two insurgencies. Both camps looked the same with detainees locked up in prisoner of war type compounds surrounded by high wire fences. Inside both Iraqi insurgents and Irish republican prisoners enjoyed almost total freedom to organise and devise blueprints for their respective futures. In Long Kesh the IRA mapped out its long-term political and military strategy known as "the long war". In Camp Bucca the future leadership of the so-called Islamic State devised the blueprint for its fearsome army and draconian "state". Camp Bucca detainees spent endless hours studying the Koran and discussing military strategy in the privacy of their huts. One of them, who allegedly tried to assassinate the governor of Baghdad, told us, "the inmates didn't have much to occupy their minds. They felt cornered and oppressed - the perfect environment for anyone with an ideology which challenges the oppressor". General David Petraeus, Commander Multi-National Forces Iraq 2007-8, whose "surge" against IS's predecessor, Al Qaeda in Iraq, helped fill up the compounds even more, told us, "these extremists were basically running a terrorist training university, or at least a radicalisation school, in our own detention facilities." Ironically at Camp Bucca the Americans unwittingly created the conditions in which the seeds of the so-called Islamic State were sown. Most of IS's future leadership were Camp Bucca alumni, including its leader and self-proclaimed Caliph, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi. General Petraeus - on whose radar al-Baghdadi never figured - became increasingly aware of the growing problem inside the camp and tried to stem the tide of radicalisation that boded so ominously for the future. "I'd stopped the release of detainees," he said, "because I felt that we were actually releasing individuals who were more radical than they were when they entered." But the tide proved unstoppable. Long Kesh received the sobriquet of "terrorist university" long before Camp Bucca. IRA prisoners did military training with wooden weapons, devoured revolutionary treatises, held intense debates about the "armed struggle" against "British occupying forces" as well as spending time rioting, digging escape tunnels and attempting to burn down the camp - all of which were mirrored in similar events at Camp Bucca. Support for the IRA and the so-called Islamic State also has remarkable similarities, not least because both represent minorities in divided communities. The IRA's support base lies in Northern Ireland's Catholic/Nationalist community, whilst in Iraq the so-called Islamic State draws support from the minority Sunnis. When the "Troubles" in Northern Ireland erupted in 1969, many Catholics looked to the IRA to defend them from attacks by loyalist gangs, the predominantly Protestant police (the RUC) and the British Army. Similarly in Iraq after Camp Bucca was emptied and the Americans withdrew, many Sunnis looked to the so-called Islamic State as their defenders from attacks by the Shia dominated security forces and so-called "death squads" that were the instrument of the predominantly Shia government. Sunnis were meant to have a power sharing role in the new government under the Shia Prime Minister, Nouri al-Maliki, elected after the American withdrawal, but Maliki soon turned on his Sunni partners, further alienating the community they represented. The Sunni Vice-President, Tariq al-Hashemi, was accused of terrorism and now lives in exile under sentence of death. Charles Farr, the UK's director of the Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism, has no doubt about the result of the sectarian targeting of Sunnis by the Shia dominated government. "[IS] succeeded in convincing Sunnis, who are oppressed by the Shiite governments of Iraq and Syria, that they have taken up their cause and that they are the ones who will stand up for them. Some of them regarded Islamic State as a potential source of security." And there's a final bloody comparison in massacres that greatly increased support for both the IRA and IS. On 30 January 1972, a day forever known as "Bloody Sunday", British paratroopers shot dead 13 unarmed [See note below] Catholics on an anti-internment march in Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It was the first great watershed in the conflict and drove hundreds of young Catholics into the arms of the nascent IRA. Nearly 40 years later Prime Minister, David Cameron told the House of Commons that he was "deeply sorry" and said the findings of Lord Saville's 12 year inquiry into the killings were "shocking". In Iraq dozens of Sunni Arabs were shot dead in 2013 by predominantly Shia security forces at Hawija, a village near Kirkuk. The demonstrators had set up camp to protest against what they saw as their victimisation at the hands of the Shia dominated government. Estimates of the death toll vary from 20 to over 40. The government said their forces came under attack from gunmen and had to respond. Ironically the British army said the same at the time of "Bloody Sunday". The now exiled Sunni Vice President, Tariq al-Hashemi, told us that "people are losing hope" and many young Sunnis "daily join forces with IS". The Hawija killings had a profound impact on the Sunni community just as "Bloody Sunday" did on the Catholic community in Northern Ireland, driving many into the arms of the IRA and IS. But there is one key difference in the evolution of both groups. The IRA is no more, having declared a ceasefire, decommissioned its arms and in a remarkable political accommodation, entered a power sharing government in Belfast with its old enemies. The so-called Islamic State has no intention of sharing power with anyone, let alone the Shia. To its 7th Century ideology, the Shia are infidels and there to be killed. That is where the similarities end. This World: World's Richest Terror Army will be broadcast on BBC Two on Wednesday 22 April at 21:00 BST, or catch up via BBC iPlayer. Find out more: Peter Taylor tells the story of IS, the world's richest terror army

तथाकथित इस्लामिक स्टेट (आईएस) के उदय और उत्तरी आयरलैंड में आईआरए के विकास के बीच एक उल्लेखनीय समानता है, बीबीसी के पीटर टेलर कहते हैं, जिन्होंने 40 से अधिक वर्षों तक संघर्ष को कवर किया।


Charges dropped against Sheffield tree protesters

Summary: The cases against two men charged in relation to a protest against tree-felling in Sheffield have been dropped, the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) has confirmed.

Simon Crump and Calvin Payne were arrested over a campaign to protect a 100-year-old plane tree. Mr Payne, 44, and Mr Crump, 56, both from Sheffield, pleaded not guilty to the charges at an earlier hearing. The CPS said continuing with the case was "not in the public interest". More stories from Sheffield and South Yorkshire About 150 supporters staged a protest outside Sheffield Magistrates' Court when the pair appeared there in December. It followed a protest against plans to cut down a tree in Marden Road, Nether Edge, on 2 November.

क्राउन प्रॉसिक्यूशन सर्विस (सी. पी. एस.) ने पुष्टि की है कि शेफ़ील्ड में पेड़ों की कटाई के खिलाफ विरोध प्रदर्शन के संबंध में आरोपित दो लोगों के खिलाफ मामले हटा दिए गए हैं।


Key points: Coalition mid-term review

Summary: The coalition has published a detailed pledge-by-pledge audit of its progress so far, building on Monday's mid-term review . Here, on a page being updated to include the details in the audit, are the key coalition pledges, the government and Labour views on progress, and what's on the coalition's "to do" list.

BANKING Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: BUSINESS Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: CIVIL LIBERTIES Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: COMMUNITIES AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: CONSUMER PROTECTION Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: CRIME AND POLICING Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: CULTURE, OLYMPICS, MEDIA AND SPORT Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: DEFENCE Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: DEFICIT REDUCTION Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: ENERGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: EQUALITIES Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: EUROPE Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: FAMILIES Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: FOREIGN AFFAIRS Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: GOVERNMENT TRANSPARENCY Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: IMMIGRATION Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: JOBS AND WELFARE Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: JUSTICE Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: NATIONAL SECURITY Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: NHS Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: PENSIONS AND OLDER PEOPLE Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: POLITICAL REFORM Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: SCHOOLS Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: SOCIAL ACTION Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: SOCIAL CARE AND DISABILITY Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: TAXATION Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: TRANSPORT Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list: UNIVERSITIES AND FURTHER EDUCATION Original coalition agreement pledges: What coalition says it's achieved: Labour's verdict on coalition so far: Coalition's mid-term 'to do' list:

गठबंधन ने अपनी अब तक की प्रगति का एक विस्तृत प्रतिज्ञा-दर-प्रतिज्ञा लेखा-परीक्षण प्रकाशित किया है, जो सोमवार की मध्यावधि समीक्षा पर आधारित है। यहाँ, लेखा-परीक्षण में विवरण शामिल करने के लिए अद्यतन किए जा रहे एक पृष्ठ पर, प्रमुख गठबंधन प्रतिज्ञाएँ, प्रगति पर सरकार और श्रम के विचार, और गठबंधन की "करने के लिए" सूची में क्या है।


Biker, 62, dies after collision with lorry in Glasgow

Summary: A motorcyclist has died following a collision involving a lorry in Glasgow.

Police and the Scottish Ambulance Service were called to the scene at the junction of Nitshill Road and Parkhouse Road in the south side of the city at about 10:00 on Saturday. The biker, a 62-year-old man, died at the scene. Police Scotland said the road was closed and diversions were put in place as officers carried out investigation work. Local diversions remain in place.

ग्लासगो में एक लॉरी की टक्कर से एक मोटरसाइकिल सवार की मौत हो गई है।


Brazilian press says voters denied change

Summary: Brazilian papers appear to be frustrated at the prospect of a run-off between the two parties who have dominated the political scene for the last 20 years, despite clear widespread discontent with the status quo. Any hopes for a radical shift in direction for Brazilian politics - raised during the last part of the campaign when environmentalist Marina Silva gained ground - have come to a halt now that she is out of the race.

"Nothing resolved" says the headline in the most widely-read Brazilian daily, Folha de Sao Paulo. With the vote tally of the incumbent candidate, President Dilma Rousseff, only eight percentage points ahead of her centre-right rival Aecio Neves, the paper says: "Dilma can celebrate her lead, but the alarm bells don't stop ringing." 'No easy win' A commentator for Correio Braziliense daily, Luis Carlo Azedo, says re-election is now "not so easy" for Ms Rousseff, as the gap between her and Mr Neves is "relatively small". One reason Ms Rousseff is not comfortably ahead is that she can't count on the support of Ms Silva in the second round. The O Dia daily says that the fight to win the votes of Ms Silva's supporters will "heat up the campaign". Papers such as the popular O Globo and Folha de Sao Paulo suggest that Ms Silva has effectively signalled support for Mr Neves in the second round by saying most Brazilians voted "against the status quo" and that "one cannot quibble with the feelings of 60% of electors". The O Globo daily quotes unnamed persons "close to Silva" as saying that there is "no possibility of an alliance" with President Rousseff after the heated words the two candidates exchanged on the campaign trail. 'Lula's shadow' One factor noted by the press is the popularity of the ruling Workers' Party led by Ms Rousseff in the country's north-east - the poorest of the six regions, where social programmes introduced by the party are seen as offering a lifeline to many. Ricardo Melo calls the Workers' Party "Lula's party", referring to the influential former president and one of the founders of the party, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. Writing in Folha de Sao Paulo, Melo says the "hegemony" of the ruling party shines through despite its inconsistent showing in the regions. The papers also discuss the possible effect on the second round of another important background figure: the widow of Eduardo Campos, the Socialist presidential candidate killed in a plane crash, who was replaced by Ms Silva. Mario Simas Filho says in the weekly news magazine Isto É. that "the presence of Renata Campos at Aecio's side is important in order for [Neves] to increase his presence in the north-east, a region where President Dilma has a huge advantage". 'Frustrations' "Amid the din of advertising and poll statistics, the frustrations of June 2013 continue unanswered," says an editorial in Folha de Sao Paulo editorial, recalling the protests of 2013 when unhappiness over the cost of public services, corruption and controversy about hosting the World Cup boiled over into large street demonstrations. Ricardo Melo criticizes the administration of the current government as doing a "lot less than it should", reflecting a perception among some people that the Workers' Party has failed to make a real difference in improving social mobility. Commentator Joao Bosco Rabello says the elections could be decided in Sao Paulo, where the mass of voters could neutralise Ms Rousseff's advantage in the north-east. Writing in O Estado de Sao Paulo, he says support in Sao Paulo for Mr Neves is running at almost two to one. BBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV, radio, web and print media around the world. More reports from BBC Monitoring can be seen here. You can follow BBC Monitoring on Twitter and Facebook.

ब्राजील के समाचार पत्र पिछले 20 वर्षों से राजनीतिक परिदृश्य पर हावी दो दलों के बीच एक रन-ऑफ की संभावना से निराश प्रतीत होते हैं, भले ही यथास्थिति के साथ स्पष्ट व्यापक असंतोष हो। ब्राजील की राजनीति की दिशा में एक कट्टरपंथी बदलाव की कोई भी उम्मीद-अभियान के अंतिम भाग के दौरान उठाई गई जब पर्यावरणविद मरीना सिल्वा ने जमीन हासिल की-अब रुक गई है क्योंकि वह दौड़ से बाहर हैं।


Close-up on the Costa winners

Summary: This year's Costa Book Awards presented a diverse field of winners, from established writers like poet laureate Carol Ann Duffy to newcomer Matthew Hollis, who took the biography prize. The BBC's Nick Higham takes a look at the authors who took the top honours.

By Nick HighamBBC News The winner of the Costa prize for best novel, Andrew Miller's Pure, is the work of a highly professional novelist at the top of his game. It's his sixth novel and, like his first two, it's set in the 18th century - in this case Paris in 1785, just four years before the Revolution. A young provincial engineer, Baratte, is instructed to disinter the hundreds of thousands of bodies and bones in the congested medieval cemetery of Les Innocents in the heart of Paris, and to demolish the neighbouring church. The cemetery is so full that its stench permeates the entire neighbourhood, tainting food and drink; you can even smell it on the locals' breath. It's an obvious metaphor for the rotten state of the French body politic in the dying years of the Ancien Regime, and there are plenty of hints of the chaos to come as modern-minded men seek to purify the state. One of them, the amiable and humane Dr Guillotin, even comes to observe the work at Les Innocents. The socially-uncertain Baratte, too, likes to think of himself as an enlightened citizen of a more rational future. But this is also a gripping and grotesque tale of murder and suicide, seduction and madness. It is short and enthralling enough to be read in a day, written with great elegance, which brings the sights, sounds, smells and even tastes of life in the 18th Century to vivid life. Christie Watson can't match Andrew Miller for experience, but Tiny Sunbirds Far Away, winner of the first novel prize, is an astonishingly assured debut from a former nurse without an A-level to her name, who had barely written anything before she was 30. The book is set in the chaotic, oil-rich and violent Nigerian delta, where the water is polluted and the air is acrid with the smell of burning, where corrupt local politicians are in the pay of foreign oil companies and gangs of heavily armed "boys" roam the villages terrorising the locals. The story is told through the eyes of 12-year old Blessing, uprooted from her comfortable middle-class lifestyle in Lagos after her father walks out on her mother and the family goes to live with her grandparents in a rural compound. The dominant figure in the young girl's new life is her grandmother, a traditional village midwife who takes on Blessing as an assistant birth attendant, a role in which she learns not only about childbirth but about the genital mutilation practised on young girls. Writing through the eyes of a child enables Watson (who is herself English, though her husband is a Nigerian-born Muslim, and she has visited Nigeria often) to overcome and even make a virtue of her outsider status. Survival tale Blood Red Road by Moira Young, winner of the children's book award, is also a first novel and one by a writer with a background as unexpected as Christie Watson. She started out 25 years ago as an actress and dancer before retraining as an opera singer, living and working in Canada (where she was born) and in the UK (where she now resides). Blood Red Road is a breathless, thrill-a-page yarn aimed at teenagers and set in a post-Holocaust dystopia where the survivors talk like 19th Century hillbillies and cling on to life amid the wreckage of an earlier civilisation. The plot, in which the local "king" is in search of a sacrificial victim to prolong his power, brings to mind Mad Max crossed with Riddley Walker, Deadwood and a dash of The Waste Land. This book's narrator is a child, Saba, a naive 18 year-old brought up on an isolated homestead who sets out on a quest in search of her kidnapped twin, Lugh. She grows up fast, learning to survive in a violent world as well as caring for her younger sister and coming to terms with the troubling presence of a rascally young man called Jack. Unsurprisingly, a screen adaptation directed by Ridley Scott is said to be on the way. Carol Ann Duffy, who has won the poetry prize, is another veteran practitioner. Unlike her predecessor as poet laureate, Andrew Motion, who found it almost impossible to write poetry while in the job, her muse has not deserted her. The Bees, her latest collection, contains some "public" poetry of the sort expected of the laureate. The most notable example is Last Post, her response to the deaths of the last surviving veterans of the Great War, which is a tribute both to the war dead themselves and to First World War poets like Wilfred Owen. In the poem she imagines "if poetry could tell it backwards", rewinding history to bring the dead back to life. But there are also intensely personal poems like Water, about the death of her mother; and playful writings, like a sequence of haiku in praise of whisky or the poem called Oxfam which simply lists merchandise and prices, with a brief gloss: "That jug, 30p, to fill with milk. That mirror, £5, to look yourself in the eye. A commemoration plate, 23 July 1986, marriage of HRH Prince Andrew and Miss Sarah Ferguson, £2.99, size of a landmine". Bees thread and buzz their way through many, though by no means all, of the poems in the book, sometimes as a fleeting metaphor, sometimes as the subject. And many of the poems reflect Duffy's love of wordplay and names: John Barleycorn, a version of the old English folksong in praise of ale, is turned into a celebration of traditional English pub names. Another poem that relies on names for its effect, The Counties, ends with a quotation from another of those Great War poets, Edward Thomas. Thomas also happens to be the subject of Now All Roads Lead to France by Matthew Hollis, winner of the biography prize. Edward Thomas is a hard man to like. He was depressive and often deeply unhappy, a literary hack who spent almost 15 years churning out travel books, essays, reviews, anthologies and biographies to support a wife and children he often seemed to treat with contempt. He was deeply uncertain about whether he should volunteer to fight when war broke out in August 1914. But sometime late in November or early in December 1914, he sat down to do something he had never done before and wrote a poem. Hollis, himself a poet, uses Thomas's notebooks to show us how he did it, and how he then went on to compose many more (one a day for a while). He also shows us what prompted this remarkable turnabout and, in particular, the influence of Robert Frost, one of the most popular American poets of the 20th Century, with whom Thomas formed a close bond when Frost brought his family to Britain in 1913. And he shows us why Thomas's poetry was different from, and so much better than, the sometimes self-indulgent versifying of his contemporaries, the self-styled Georgian Poets. Indeed, Thomas forged a new, more direct way of writing which foreshadowed the work not only of fellow war poets like Owen and Siegfried Sassoon but of later writers like WH Auden. But, though he wrote a number of poems about the war, Thomas never wrote about the experience of the trenches. He volunteered to serve in the Royal Artillery, first in the ranks, later as an officer. Arriving at the front he found poetry impossible. Barely two months after reaching France he was killed on Easter Monday 1917 near Arras. Nick Higham will be interviewing all five Costa prize winners for the BBC News Channel and the BBC News Website in the week beginning 16 January.

इस वर्ष के कोस्टा बुक अवार्ड्स ने कवि पुरस्कार विजेता कैरोल एन डफी से लेकर नवागंतुक मैथ्यू होलिस जैसे स्थापित लेखकों को विजेताओं का एक विविध क्षेत्र प्रदान किया, जिन्होंने जीवनी पुरस्कार लिया। बीबीसी के निक हिगम उन लेखकों पर एक नज़र डालते हैं जिन्होंने शीर्ष सम्मान प्राप्त किया।


Viewpoint: Time to stop over-parenting in Nigeria

Summary: Youth unemployment is a major issue in many countries in the world, but could over-parenting be in part to blame? Funmi Wale-Adegbite, who is based in Lagos and has more than 10 years experience in the recruitment industry, tell the BBC World Service why she believes this is the case in Nigeria.

In Nigeria we have a very high unemployment rate for young people between the age of 15-24 years - I think we are looking at over 30%. Over-parenting is in my opinion the greatest evil handicapping Nigerian youth. It is at the root of our national malaise. Parents, you are practically loving your child to death. Whether you are poor or rich in Nigeria, the culture expects you to nurture your child continuously. The way our culture is, you look at your child as a child forever, and you almost treat them child as a child forever. Parents sustain their children, they pay them pocket money - sometimes into their 30s. So you can have a 30-something-year-old man and the parents refers to him as a "child". And that person, that adult, behaves like a child, because he gets pocket money, and he gets a driver to take him round. There is no pressure on that "child" to get out and do something - they are comfortable. So a high-proportion of unemployment is due to parents not cutting the cord, and not leaving that young man or that young woman to make something of themselves. In the UK, an 18 year old is almost a young adult, but in Nigeria that person is a child. Pressure to earn Most people in Nigeria finish university late; it is not unusual to have a 27 year old just finishing university, and it is not unusual to have somebody aged 27 who has never worked before - whether they are from a rich or a poor background. Many have no work experience whatsoever. It is with entry level graduates that the majority of the problem lies; they are not really focused. Most parents have expectations and imagine their child working for a known name, a known brand - for example a bank, a telecommunications company, an oil and gas company, or a multinational organisation. And they want them to earn what they term a "decent salary". In Nigeria, there is so much pressure to earn now, that people are not prepared to sacrifice their time to learn under somebody - everybody wants to earn big money. I don't want to give the wrong impression - it is not everybody - but from my experience, it is around 70% of the graduates I speak to. There is a sense of entitlement that is reinforced by parents. So if another company comes along and can offer them the kind of experience that they need right now, but pays them half or maybe a third of what a large organisation would pay, they frown on it. They would rather be a cleaner in a large multinational organisation than a graduate trainee in an unknown company. Students 'lost' When my parents were 18, there were fewer opportunities for them to make a success of their lives than there are now. They were living in rural areas, there were no telephones, no internet, so they really had to really strive, and they had no parents to back them up. My father was one of 40 children, so he was not in line for any pocket money. The youth of today are definitely not as determined to succeed because they have somebody who always catches them when they are just about to fall. Sometimes people think that once you go to university, you have arrived. And the universities do not really prepare the graduates. The whole reason for a university to offer a course is because there is an industry that needs it. But there is a disconnect in a lot of Nigerian universities; the universities are not really preparing students for work, they are just giving degrees, and it does not matter whether they are suitable for a company or not. When I was at university in the UK, we had a careers office. It was very clear to us that by your second year you should be getting some work experience in line with what you hope to be doing at the end of your course. But in Nigeria it is not like that - most universities do not have a careers office, and they do not offer any careers advice. So students come out of university and are totally lost. 'Nothing comes easy' University education has been so celebrated in Nigeria that people do not really stop to think whether there are alternatives. Is university where that child should go, or is there vocational training that could be done?' Education is seen as a status symbol, so everyone wants to go to university. There are so many industries in Nigeria that are suffering. Teaching for instance - many people do not want their children to be teachers. So you have a big shortage in that area. I had a young lady come to me and I did a personality assessment for her, which said she would be very good working with children and being a teacher in a pre-school or nursery school. But she told me: "Please don't tell my parents because they want me to work in a bank." It is a cultural thing and it is really hard to break. My eldest child is 11, and the way I am raising him and the other younger two, is to tell them: "You need to work hard; nothing comes easy." Funmi Wale-Adegbite was speaking to BBC World Service as part of a series on youth unemployment around the world. She is a managing partner with Antal International, a global executive search company.

दुनिया के कई देशों में युवा बेरोजगारी एक प्रमुख मुद्दा है, लेकिन कुछ हद तक अति-पालन-पोषण को दोषी ठहराया जा सकता है? लागोस में रहने वाली और भर्ती उद्योग में 10 साल से अधिक का अनुभव रखने वाली फुम्मी वाले-एडगबाइट बीबीसी वर्ल्ड सर्विस को बताती हैं कि उनका मानना है कि नाइजीरिया में ऐसा क्यों है।


Nicola Lee denies Paul Taylor stab murder in Jarrow

Summary: A woman has denied murdering a man at a house on South Tyneside.

Paul Taylor, 45, from Hebburn, was found with stab injuries at the property on Thames Avenue in Jarrow on 31 March. Nicola Lee pleaded not guilty to his murder during an appearance at Newcastle Crown Court. The judge remanded the 44-year-old, of Thames Avenue, in custody and set a trial date for 2 October. Related Internet Links HM Courts Service

एक महिला ने दक्षिण टाइनसाइड पर एक घर में एक आदमी की हत्या से इनकार किया है।


Murder charge over Crowborough woman Fiona Fisher's death

Summary: A man has appeared in court charged with the murder of a 51-year-old woman who was found dead at her home.

Thomas Fisher, 22, of no fixed abode, is also accused of fraud, driving while disqualified and driving without insurance. Fiona Fisher's body was discovered in Crowborough, Sussex, on Friday night when police went to the property in response to a welfare check request. Mr Fisher was remanded in custody at Hastings Magistrates' Court. He is next due to appear at Lewes Crown Court on Tuesday.

51 वर्षीय महिला की हत्या के आरोप में एक व्यक्ति अदालत में पेश हुआ है, जो अपने घर में मृत पाई गई थी।


RAF veterans remember the Warsaw Uprising 70 years ago

Summary: Seventy years ago - on 2 October 1944 - the Warsaw Uprising was finally crushed by the German army, after 63 days. Stalin's failure to help is well known, but few know of the RAF veterans who risked their lives trying to help the Polish resistance.

By Lila AllenReporter Flying secret missions on RAF special duties did not involve asking questions. But when rear gunner Jim Mckenzie-Leith received instructions 70 years ago to fly to Warsaw, he remembers his reaction: "The previous couple of days the squadron had lost four aircraft…it went through my mind…Bloody hell, have we got to go there as well?" On 14 August 1944 Mckenzie-Leith and his RAF 148 Squadron crew flew supplies to support the Warsaw Uprising. The Polish Home Army, one of the largest underground armies of World War II, had come out of the shadows to fight against five years of German occupation. In July 1944 a Soviet offensive on the east broke the German front. As the Wehrmacht began to retreat west through Warsaw, and the Red Army advanced from the east, the Poles decided now was the time. The plan was to reclaim Warsaw from the Germans and greet arriving Soviet forces as equals in an already independent city. The Polish government-in-exile, headquartered in London, informed the Allies of the plans and were promised support. On 1 August at 5pm the Uprising began. Three days later Allied airdrops began, flown by British, Polish and South African pilots. David Lambert and Jim Mckenzie-Leith were two members of a seven-man crew headed by Pilot Lawrence Toft. Mr Lambert recalls their Warsaw flight, two weeks into the battle: "It was rather terrifying to think of the length of time we were going to be flying, which was longer than any flight we had ever done before." Stalin had been requested to allow Allied planes to land and refuel in the Soviet Union, but refused to support what he called the "adventure" in Warsaw. Mr Toft's crew had experience of special duties, dropping supplies and agents to the French resistance in the mountains. But Warsaw was the first city they'd been sent to. One thing would stay the same, Mr Toft recalls. "In our normal supplying of partisans, somebody on the ground would mark the spot by holding up a torch in the four corners….We were told that this square where we had to drop in the city would be marked by the same torch lights… and they would be held up by girls astride the roofs of the buildings," he said. This memory is particularly painful. "The Germans were firing rifles at these girls and shooting them off the roof and another girl would have to take their place. That was sufficient impetus I think for me to go," he recalls. On the night of 14 August 1944 the crew took off from Brindisi, Italy, with no escort. They flew for more than ten hours, largely over enemy territory. Warsaw was visible long before they got there. "It was just before one o'clock in the morning when we could see flames on the horizon," Mr Toft remembers. "I descended to the Vistula river down to about 300 feet, we were flying along it and the anti-aircraft guns on the west side opened up onto us. "We were hit but not to stop us continue flying. Immediately the aircraft filled with smoke and the smell of burning." Mr Mckenzie-Leith also has vivid memories of that night. "There were flames everywhere. Guns seemed to be firing everywhere. Whether they were firing at one another or firing at us, you couldn't tell. All it was, was flashes". Their target was Napoleon Square, today known as Uprising Square (Plac Powstancow Warszawy). Mr Lambert, the dispatcher, was in the centre of the plane and could see nothing of the battle going on outside. "I had a panel beside the hole in the floor that gave me a green light when to drop the packages. I was just desperate to get rid of my packages," he remembers. The crew was successful and dropped supplies near Warsaw's Old Town. "To be so accurate was marvellous," says Mr Mckenzie-Leith. As they turned to make the five-hour return journey, Mr Toft could not determine whether the plane was damaged, but ensured his men were not. "I said to the crew, would you all check and see if you have been hit…and then one by one the answer came back, 'I'm OK skipper'," he adds. Many crews were not so lucky and losses were horrendous - 360 Allied airmen were lost during the Warsaw airdrops. The Warsaw Uprising lasted 63 days and ended in defeat. On 2 October the Polish Home Army surrendered. Eleven days later the Polish prime minister-in-exile, Stanislaw Mikolajczyk, met Stalin to discuss future borders. He was shocked to learn that the eastern territories of Poland had been promised to the Soviet Union in a secret meeting between Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill. The Tehran Conference had taken place a year before the Uprising began. Almost 180,000 people died during the Warsaw Uprising, including 20,000 Home Army soldiers. For months after the city fell, the Germans continued pounding at its ruins, reducing Warsaw to rubble. The Uprising is honoured to this day. Seven decades after their memorable flight, the crew of RAF 148 Squadron returned to Warsaw for commemorations, along with veterans from around the world. On meeting Mr Toft, a Polish Home Army veteran was moved to speak. He had been in the square the night the crew flew overhead. "Thank you Lawrence," he said. Seventy years after supplies were dropped, confirmation came: the mission had been accomplished. Warsaw 44: The Uprising, will be shown on BBC World in North America on Saturday 11 October at 09:10 GMT and 21:10GMT and on Sunday 12 October at 02:10GMT and 15:10GMT. You can follow Lila Allen on Twitter - @LilaWanda

सत्तर साल पहले-2 अक्टूबर 1944 को-63 दिनों के बाद अंततः जर्मन सेना ने वारसॉ विद्रोह को कुचल दिया था। स्टालिन की मदद करने में विफलता सर्वविदित है, लेकिन बहुत कम लोग आरएएफ के दिग्गजों के बारे में जानते हैं जिन्होंने पोलैंड के प्रतिरोध की मदद करने की कोशिश में अपनी जान जोखिम में डाल दी थी।


Aberdeen council boss eyes Edinburgh post

Summary: Aberdeen City Council's chief executive is in the running for the same role in Edinburgh, it has emerged.

Sue Bruce, who arrived in Aberdeen less than two years ago, has been shortlisted for the £160,000-a-year post. Ms Bruce and the Aberdeen administration declined to comment. City of Edinburgh Council also declined to comment but said it was launching an internal inquiry into how confidential information was made public. Ms Bruce previously held the same post at East Dunbartonshire Council and replaced Douglas Paterson in Aberdeen in 2008 after he took early retirement.

एबरडीन सिटी काउंसिल के मुख्य कार्यकारी एडिनबर्ग में इसी भूमिका के लिए दौड़ में हैं, यह सामने आया है।


Gilston Hill wind farm rejected for second time

Summary: Plans for a wind farm on the same site in the Borders as a project previously rejected by the Scottish government have been refused by councillors.

Gilston Hill Wind Farm Ltd wanted to put up seven turbines on land north west of Gilston Farm, near Heriot. A 16-turbine project in the same area - straddling the boundary with Midlothian - was turned down in 2013. Scottish Borders Council's planning committee unanimously rejected the new plan due to landscape impact concerns. Developers said that the latest proposals had a "much smaller layout footprint", which would "dramatically" reduce that effect. However, a report to councillors recommended it should not proceed. In addition to landscape impact, concerns were also raised about the effect on badgers and monitoring air traffic in the area.

स्कॉटिश सरकार द्वारा पहले खारिज की गई परियोजना के रूप में सीमाओं में उसी स्थान पर एक पवन फार्म की योजनाओं को पार्षदों द्वारा अस्वीकार कर दिया गया है।


Agency nurse at Royal A&E has not worked since man died

Summary: The BBC understands that an agency nurse who works at the Royal Victoria Hospital's A&E department has not returned to work since the Belfast Health Trust began investigating why an elderly man died lying on a trolley.

By Marie-Louise ConnollyBBC Northern Ireland health correspondent He had been waiting almost 24 hours to be admitted to a hospital ward. Nurses have voiced their concern about patient safety. The health minister is due to announce on Wednesday how he intends to tackle the ongoing problems in the A&E. They have been escalating since the closure of the A&E department at the City Hospital in Belfast last year. The nurse was employed by the trust as there were not enough staff to work that particular shift - that is not uncommon. That particular agency nurse would have been part of a team who were looking after whatever patients were admitted. As we now know it was a particularly busy shift, patients were lying on trolleys in corridors, in fact it has been compared to a cattle market. It was chaotic according to a member of the public who spoke to me, with nurses in charge of up to eight patients at a time. In a ward this would be regarded as the norm, but not in the A&E area where nurses are only supposed to be the first point of contact for patients before they are dispatched somewhere more permanent. It is not an area designed to treat patients especially for up to 12 - 24, even 36 hours. As the nurse is employed by an agency, it is likely that the trust will have told the agency that they do not want to employ that nurse again or until after the investigation is concluded. Within A&E, the BBC understands staff are frightened, even nervous in their role. They are also frightened to speak-out. Some of them are saying that what happened to the agency nurse could have happened to anyone of them. Nurses who attended a union meeting at the hospital on Tuesday voiced their concern about patient safety. In a statement a trust spokesperson said: "We are speaking to a number of staff in the course of this investigation and as a consequence will not be making any further comment until it's concluded." On Wednesday, the health minister, Edwin Poots is expected to spell out how he intends to tackle the ongoing problems in the A&E department at the Royal. It is highly unlikely that he will be announcing a huge cash injection. Realistically there is no extra money, for example, to employ more staff or to erect the new emergency care building any quicker. Too many people are clogging up the system - people who should not be there. Mr Poots is likely to look at ways to improve the efficiency of the triage system - that is when a patient arrives and a nurse reviews how ill they are. Compton Review Could he perhaps empower nurses in some cases to discharge patients with a minor ailment or create an area for patients who are drunk? The recently published Compton Review which looks at the long-term plan of improving health care talks about needing the support of the minor injuries unit and GPs in and out-of-hours services. Could that be rolled out sooner? The plan needs to speed-up the way in which patients are discharged so perhaps those on ward duty will be asked to discharge patients a lot sooner than before. There is also the possibility that he will announce an investigation like he did at Antrim Hospital where a so-called support team was sent in to look at how waiting times could be reduced in the Northern Health Trust. That lasted six weeks with a report expected shortly by the Public Health Agency's director of nursing, Mary Hinds. The recent problems at the Royal are not the first time that Northern Ireland's A&E departments have been pushed to breaking-point. On 13 January this year through an email leaked to me, the BBC revealed that several of Northern Ireland's A&E departments were under so much pressure that staff were advised to discharge patients and cancel operations in order to free-up beds. An urgent email to staff advises of a bed crisis in Antrim Area Hospital and patients waiting on trolleys at the Royal - that email was sent by the director of acute services at the Belfast Trust. Figures obtained by the BBC on 9 January , revealed that 558 nursing shifts were left unfilled over a four-week period starting from 1 December until the beginning of January 2012. Thirty-eight of those were in the Royal Victoria Hospital's A&E department. Whatever Mr Poots does, his plan needs to address the short-term problem. While the Compton Review looks at the long-term, the clock is now ticking against Edwin Poots. Squaring the A&E circle is fast becoming his biggest challenge. He has been in office a year and remember, he is only meant to stay one more year before Jim Wells takes over. Edwin Poots wants a positive report card - the outcome of the A&E problem might just determine whether or not he gets one.

बीबीसी समझता है कि रॉयल विक्टोरिया अस्पताल के ए एंड ई विभाग में काम करने वाली एक एजेंसी नर्स काम पर नहीं लौटी है क्योंकि बेलफास्ट हेल्थ ट्रस्ट ने जांच शुरू की है कि एक बुजुर्ग व्यक्ति की मृत्यु ट्रॉली पर लेटे हुए क्यों हुई।


OneWeb: Minister overrode warning about £400m investment

Summary: MPs have launched an inquiry into the government's $500m (£400m) investment in bankrupt satellite firm OneWeb, amid disclosure that a top civil servant warned that taxpayers could lose out.

The government took a stake in the satellite broadband company as part of a post-Brexit space strategy. It emerged on Wednesday that an acting permanent secretary raised concerns, warning that the deal was "unusual". Parliament's business committee chief Darren Jones called the deal a gamble. Mr Jones, chairman of the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee, said in a statement that news of the permanent secretary's worries "heightens concerns around this investment" and "prompts further questions about how the government… came to plump for this largely US-based bankrupt satellite company". He went on to say that "using nearly half a billion pounds of taxpayer money to gamble on a 'commercial opportunity' whilst still failing to support manufacturing jobs with a sector deal is both troubling and concerning." OneWeb is creating a satellite network to deliver broadband connections. But the firm collapsed in March, blaming the Covid crisis for not being able to raise more financial support. Earlier this month, a joint offer from the UK government and India's Bharti Global mobile operator won a bidding war for the firm. But it was disclosed on Wednesday that Sam Beckett, the top civil servant in the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS), said all the money put forward could be lost. "While in one scenario we could get a 20% return, the central case is marginal and there are significant downside risks, including that venture capital investments of this sort can fail, with the consequence that all the value of the equity can be lost," she wrote. The comments were part of a letter for "ministerial direction", an avenue for civil servants to register a stronger than usual opinion. Ministers are obliged to formally overrule the official's objections to instruct the spending to go ahead. The contents of the letter must also be made public. Overrode concerns Ms Beckett said that an assessment by the UK Space Agency had identified "substantial technical and operational hurdles" that OneWeb would need to overcome in order to become a "viable and profitable business" and there was a high likelihood that further taxpayer funding would be necessary. However, Business Secretary Alok Sharma overrode Ms Beckett's concerns and the government went ahead with the bid. Mr Sharma said Chancellor Rishi Sunak had agreed to the purchase, and other private sector investors were involved in the bid for OneWeb. The government hopes that London-based OneWeb, can take the place of the EU's Galileo programme, which the UK left when Brexit took effect in January this year. Ms Beckett said: "I completely understand your, the Prime Minister's and the Chancellor's interest in wider benefits such as the potential long-term geopolitical advantages for foreign policy and soft power that would come with sovereign ownership of a fleet of satellites. "Moreover, I do not underestimate the potential opportunity that this investment represents for UK interests globally. "It would be the first mega-constellation operator, if it succeeds, and would have the potential to connect millions of people, in particular those in remote, rural locations without broadband access." However she wrote that she could not be sure that the investment met Whitehall's strict value-for-money requirements and so requested the formal order from Mr Sharma to proceed. OneWeb, which has its headquarters in London and a manufacturing base in Florida, is aiming to complete the construction of a constellation of low Earth orbit satellites. The UK government sees satellites as a way to meet commitments on the roll-out of super-fast broadband and believes OneWeb's constellation could also deliver a precise satellite navigation system. Seventy-four satellites in an initial network of 648 had been launched when the company announced it was seeking bankruptcy protection. Most experts believe a further $3bn at least is needed to bring the full constellation into use.

सांसदों ने दिवालिया उपग्रह फर्म वनवेब में सरकार के 500 मिलियन डॉलर (400 मिलियन पाउंड) के निवेश की जांच शुरू की है, इस खुलासे के बीच कि एक शीर्ष सिविल सेवक ने चेतावनी दी है कि करदाताओं को नुकसान हो सकता है।


Why a 'plump' runner on a magazine cover matters

Summary: A woman has become the cover star of a running magazine after her open letter to a van driver who heckled her about her weight while she jogged went viral. Why has she struck a chord with so many?

By Jon KellyBBC News Magazine In August Lindsey Swift wrote a Facebook post in frustration. She was out running when a man sang a "sarcastic" rendition of pop song Big Girl (You Are Beautiful) at her from a van. In her open letter, Swift advised him that if the sight of her jogging offended him, "try driving with your eyes closed, into a lamppost". The post was only meant to be seen by her friends, but soon it had shared more than 25,000 times. Now she's on the front of Women's Running UK. It's the first time the magazine has used a plus-size cover star. Swift's story has struck a chord with runners. In particular, other female joggers compared their experiences of being heckled while out running. Swift, who is training for a 10km run, said she was heckled near Barnsley on 6 August. She said the drivers' behaviour could put someone less confident off running altogether. She wanted to assert that "it's my body and it's done amazing things for me, whether it's fat or it's thin". As well as the unpleasantness of being heckled, there's an obvious public health issue. Sport England recently launched its This Girl Can campaign. Its aim is "to get women and girls moving, regardless of shape, size and ability". According to the campaign, millions of women and girls fear exercise because they're afraid of being judged. It says two million fewer women than men aged 14 to 40 play sport regularly. Only 31% of 14-year-old girls regularly exercise, compared with half of boys the same age, says the Women's Sport and Fitness Foundation. These figures are little wonder given that so many women who run outdoors run a gauntlet of "leering, lewd comments and worse", according to Laura Bates of Everyday Sexism. Bates says thousands of women had shared accounts with the project of harassment as they exercised. Some said they had experienced this two or three times a week. The harassment included verbal abuse about their appearance, unwanted sexual advances, having their paths blocked, as well as being groped and followed. "There's this sense of entitlement to women's bodies in public spaces," says Bates. "Many women write to say they've given up exercise as a result." Speaking to BBC Radio 5 live, Swift said her post was only ever intended for her friends and "was just a way of taking control back for myself just by writing something a little bit funny". She said her body had done "amazing things" irrespective of whether she was fat or thin and "I should be allowed to do what I want with it, whether that's running, and if it offends anybody then they should check their priorities". Swift said she was getting much fitter since she began running. "I'm a UK size 18 so I'm fairly plump," she adds. "My shape is changing but I haven't lost a dress size and I don't particularly want to. "It's just about being fit enough to do activities so now I have started running I can get out there in the countryside, I can play tennis, I can swim - it's a more active and enjoyable lifestyle." The huge reaction to Swift's post suggests she speaks for many women. "Lindsey's story and the response she's had from women around the world shows that women are tired of being judged by their shape and speed when they're out doing the sport they love," says Elizabeth Hufton, editor of Women's Running UK. However, Bates says there needs to be "a shift in social and cultural norms" if female joggers are to feel safe from harassment. Part of the issue is the way runners are typically portrayed, says Alexandra Heminsley, author of Running Like a Girl. "There's a perception that you shouldn't be doing it unless you look like someone in a sportswear ad," she says. This "self-perpetuating" myth is based on the false notion that running should be about being skinny rather than being healthy, she says, and it deters many of the people who would benefit most from taking up exercise. While women may be particularly affected by this, Heminsley says depictions of male runners are also skewed. Matt Warr, 32, who lost seven stone (45kg) after he took up running, believes he experienced less abuse about his weight than a female jogger might have done - the fact he is 6ft 4ins (1.9m) tall may have deterred people. But when he started running and weighed 22 stone (140kg) there were a handful of incidents where he was targeted because of his size, including one where someone threw a milkshake at him. "It's normally groups - it's never an individual on their own," he says. "They are usually travelling in cars. It's a cowardly thing to do." But in terms of presentation, at least, change appears to be under way. Heminsley notes with approval that the August issue of Women's Running's US edition featured a plus-sized model, Erica Schenk, on its cover. Hufton says the UK edition put Swift on the cover because a "one-size-fits-all" approach is no longer appropriate. "It's time real female runners were given proper representation in the media," she says. The running community is extremely welcoming of people of all sizes and abilities, she says, but many people were put off taking it up because they felt self-conscious jogging for the first time. Now, however, "there's a bit of a shift happening - there's greater acceptance of different shapes and sizes and people aren't going to hide away any more", she adds. Below is a selection of your comments. I'm in training for my 4th marathon so think I'm an OK fitness level. However, not that long ago whilst out running I got told "suck it all in love" by a man in a white van! I've lost count of the amount of times I get beeped at and shouted at by men (or should I call them boys), while I'm out running. Most times I shrug it off but if I'm struggling with my run, it can really affect how I feel. Emma, Bristol, UK I'm overweight and I've had several nasty comments (all of them from men). It's made me afraid to leave the house in the past, and I feel I have to avoid places where it's happened for months afterwards. I no longer go for walks for exercise and running would be out of the question. I hate that some people think it's ok just to shout out abuse at women going about their business. Debbie, Worthing, UK It's not a problem that just affects women. As a male and (at the time) overweight I have been harassed and subject to jokes whilst exercising. It is a big hit to self confidence which is low anyway, and makes it even harder to summon up the courage to go out and run, to the point where I used to run at night when there were less people around. Tony, Hertfordshire, UK Two days ago I went for a jog and got beeped at twice. My immediate reaction was to put two fingers up at the driver. On closer inspection i saw the first was my old boss and the second was my mother. Not all interactions whilst running are negative, some people just want to say 'hi'. Sam, Ipswich, UK Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

एक महिला एक दौड़ने वाली पत्रिका की कवर स्टार बन गई है, जब एक वैन चालक को उसका खुला पत्र वायरल हो गया, जिसने जॉगिंग करते समय उसके वजन के बारे में उसे परेशान किया था। उसने इतने लोगों के साथ तालमेल क्यों बनाया है?


West Midland Safari Park closes over coronavirus

Summary: West Midland Safari Park is temporarily closing from Thursday, until further notice.

The park, in Bewdley, said on Twitter, "this decision has not been easy, but we feel it is both necessary and sensible for the safety and wellbeing of our guests, staff and animals." It went on to thank guests for their support during a "challenging time". Just a day before the announcement, the park had said it was reviewing its policies but was not closing.

वेस्ट मिडलैंड सफारी पार्क गुरुवार से अगली सूचना तक अस्थायी रूप से बंद है।


Cancer charity founder's fraud trial jury discharged

Summary: The jury has been discharged in the trial of a man accused of stealing from a children's cancer charity he founded.

Colin Nesbitt, 58, of Kent Road, Bingley, Bradford, set up Little Heroes Cancer Trust in 2008 after his grandson was diagnosed with a rare cancer. At his trial at Bradford Crown Court, he had denied fraud charges totalling £345,000, misleading the Charity Commission and the theft of £7,000. A new trial date has been set for 25 January 2021. More Yorkshire stories Follow BBC Yorkshire on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Send your story ideas to yorkslincs.news@bbc.co.uk.

जूरी को अपने द्वारा स्थापित बच्चों के कैंसर चैरिटी से चोरी करने के आरोपी व्यक्ति के मुकदमे से मुक्त कर दिया गया है।


NHS reforms that could be on the way out

Summary: The Lansley reforms, remember them? Those changes to the NHS that reorganised everything, cost lots and lots and lots of money, and really stretched David Cameron's perpetual efforts to show he loved the NHS? Well some elements of them might, just might be on the way out.

Laura KuenssbergPolitical editor@bbclaurakon Twitter In 2012 the government, after months of arguments, brought in huge changes to the way the NHS in England is run. The idea was to give GPs more power to spend the cash - the argument being they understand the needs of patients better, so would allocate cash more widely. Six years later, that is not quite how it has come to pass, with the reforms criticised far and wide for being too complicated, too disruptive, and also too expensive. Getting rid of quirks The prime minister has now publicly committed to a better deal for the health service in general, with a promise of a longer term settlement and more resources. But I'm told that new money would come with strings attached, more reform. And government is considering whether or not those reforms could include scrapping or changing bits of the 2012 legislation. No-one anywhere near it in Whitehall and Westminster wants another enormous set of administrative changes. But there is appetite to get rid of some of the quirks, to tidy the legislation up. Eyebrows raised As if by magic, the cross-party Health Committee in Westminster is soon to report on precisely this question. If they find that changing the law without too much disruption would be worthwhile, it may well emerge as part of the government's overall plan. In the background, however, there's a bigger struggle going on over how much extra cash can really be found, and whether the health secretary's hopes of a 10-year funding deal are realistic. Some eyebrows have been privately raised over whether it is really possible to sign a deal for a decade. The prime minster's political plan is to have a significant and convincing announcement to go alongside the 70th anniversary of the health service in July. Political cost But money is tight, and the NHS already takes up a huge chunk of the government budget. Suggestions that Jeremy Hunt has been pushing for a 4% annual increase are too high a pitch, I'm told. But he is understood to be pushing for more than Whitehall hawks, who believe that depending how much you assume the NHS can save from "efficiencies", the increase to the overall health budget might be not much more than 2%. The prime minister and the chancellor have only just started what will be a long series of meetings about the Budget, with a hope to do a deal on the NHS ahead of all other government departments, in the next month or so. But Number 10, Number 11, and the Department for Health are a long way off finding an accord. Tweaking the legislation again might be controversial, but it comes with a political, not necessarily a financial, cost.

लैंस्ले के सुधार, उन्हें याद रखें? एन. एच. एस. में वे परिवर्तन जिन्होंने सब कुछ पुनर्गठित किया, बहुत और बहुत और बहुत पैसा खर्च किया, और वास्तव में डेविड कैमरन के निरंतर प्रयासों को यह दिखाने के लिए बढ़ाया कि वह एन. एच. एस. से प्यार करते थे? ठीक है, उनमें से कुछ तत्व शायद रास्ते में हो सकते हैं।


Cologne attacks: Germans left feeling vulnerable

Summary: The New Year's Eve attacks on women in Cologne are still reverberating in Germany, with the resignation of the city's police chief on Friday, and news that migrants were among the suspected attackers. The BBC's Jenny Hill looks back on a week that has left both women and asylum-seekers feeling vulnerable.

Cologne's cathedral is a gothic colossus of a building. On a drab winter's day its dark-stoned grandeur is especially imposing, rising above the bright lights, glass and concrete of the adjacent railway station. The soot-blackened faces of its carved angels are melancholy. I stood here a few days ago, wrapped up against a bitter wind, and watched the huddled commuters rushing past on the pavement below. And then I spotted the flowerpots, three tiny plants left on the steps of the cathedral. Small white flowers shivering in the wind, ignored by the people walking by. There was a note stuck to one of the pots. "One doesn't attack women," it read. "Not even with flowers." No signature, no way of telling who left them here. Because of course this is where - on New Year's Eve - in the chaos of celebration, scores of women were sexually assaulted and robbed. Even now, no-one - and that includes the police - really knows what happened. Victims describe how suddenly gangs of drunken men suddenly surrounded them. They threw fireworks; there was screaming and noise. The young women say there were hundreds of attackers. And few police. No protection. All this took place in the heart of one of Germany's biggest cities. The attacks have outraged this country, igniting what was already a febrile national debate. Germany is struggling with record levels of immigration. Last year, well over a million people arrived here seeking asylum. There were significant numbers of Syrian, Afghan and Iraqi men, carrying official asylum papers, in the crowd that night. Critics have seized on all this as evidence that Angela Merkel's open-door refugee policy has put German citizens at risk. There's also anger at the police, who initially said that New Year's Eve in Cologne had passed peacefully. And there's suspicion of the media who didn't report the attacks until a number of days later. One broadcaster has publicly apologised for the delay. There's now a fear that the warm welcome Germans offered to migrants last year may have backfired. One of the young women who was in the square on New Year's Eve invited me to the home she shares with her parents on the outskirts of Cologne. A small - and very enthusiastic - Jack Russell greeted me at the door. That's Sparky, Michelle told me, smiling as her father gathered the dog up and took him away. I could hear Sparky's yaps of protest from the next room. Michelle is 18. As she told me about herself - she's an economics student - I glanced around; pictures of the family smiled down from the wall behind her. She described the moment she and her friends were surrounded, then assaulted by a group of 20 to 30 men. She didn't understand the language they were speaking. "They grabbed our arms, pushed our clothes away tried to get between our legs," she said. In the corner of the room, Michelle's mum folds her arms. "The police should think now about what they do to help us," Michelle continued. "This is not a situation that's normal in Germany or the Western world." But she worries. "It would be wrong to blame refugees," she tells me. "They need our help." Many here fear a violent backlash against the 4,000 asylum-seekers living in Cologne. I met a young Iraqi man with striking green eyes outside one of the city's larger refugee homes. It's a depressing place, a red-brick building with dirty windows overlooking a busy dual carriageway. Even so, Hassan grinned as he described his plans to stay in Germany and work as a mechanic. "I want to thank Angela Merkel," he enthused in his newly acquired German. "I love this country!" I asked him if he'd heard abut the attacks and for a moment he looked sad. "Yes," he replied. "I'm so sorry this has happened. But Iraqi and Syrian men are good people." Hassan hopes his mother and brother will join him here in Germany. As he walked away through the barred gate of the compound, I couldn't help but wonder whether that will happen now. It feels like a long time since Angela Merkel told Germany it could cope with the vast number of migrants arriving. Back then, so many were impressed by her moral direction. Germany was, she argued, a rich stable country with much to offer. But I think of those fragile flowers left at the cathedral - delicate petals in a harsh winter wind. How to listen to From Our Own Correspondent: BBC Radio 4: Saturdays at 11:30 Listen online or download the podcast. BBC World Service: At weekends - see World Service programme schedule or listen online. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

कोलोन में महिलाओं पर नए साल की पूर्व संध्या पर हमले अभी भी जर्मनी में प्रतिध्वनित हो रहे हैं, शुक्रवार को शहर के पुलिस प्रमुख के इस्तीफे के साथ, और खबर है कि प्रवासी संदिग्ध हमलावरों में से थे। बीबीसी की जेनी हिल एक सप्ताह पीछे मुड़कर देखती है जिसने महिलाओं और शरण चाहने वालों दोनों को असुरक्षित महसूस कराया है।


'Did I inherit loneliness from my mum?'

Summary: Do we inherit loneliness from our parents in the same way we inherit our hair and eye colour? Two women explain how loneliness has played a part in their lives - and how it relates to their parents and children.

By Nichola CarrollBBC News "Loneliness for me is constant. No matter where I am, it just doesn't go away. It's almost like you can feel it in your bones, this deep feeling of wanting to fit in and wanting to be around people you know and love, but you can't. "I do think I have inherited it. It's kind of been passed on to me." Angel Kissi and her mum Hayley, both struggle with anxiety, depression and loneliness. For her mum, the latter was sparked by severe post-natal depression. For Angel, it started when she was a child. "My family stood out in Peterborough. Everyone knew who we were because we looked different. I'm really tall and mixed race and I stood out," says the 20-year-old. "When I went to university, things were good but I still felt like I didn't fit in. I thought moving to London would change that and it didn't. "I still felt like I was quiet and awkward. I really struggled to connect with people and make friends straight away. Everyone was going out for drinks after class and I was never invited. I felt like I was doing something wrong. "Eventually I stopped going to my lectures. I would get up, get ready to go and then go back to bed. I would avoid going to shared areas of my flat, I shut myself away and isolated myself. I went into the loneliness and let it take over." Unable to cope, Angel left university before the first year was over. Although she felt a strong desire to go home and be close to her mum, she rented a room close-by. "It's good we don't live together because we would be bringing each other up and down all the time. She has definitely helped me with some aspects [of my mental health] but other times I didn't want to speak to her because I didn't want to make her worse. "If she was different, then maybe I'd be different. I don't blame her at all, she didn't choose to be like this, it's not her fault. It's probably something that I have got from her. Personality traits or attitudes that I've learnt from her without meaning to." According to Age UK, loneliness is defined as feeling a lack of affection, closeness or social interaction with others. The charity Mind says it is not a mental health issue but research suggests it is associated with an increased risk of depression, anxiety, low self-esteem and stress, and can be triggered by major life events such as bereavement, relationship break-ups, retirement, changing jobs and moving. Dr Rebecca Nowland, who has researched the subject of loneliness, says it can be passed down in families. "I don't think we're going to find a gene for loneliness but it's about how we respond to an experience of loneliness that might be genetic," she said. "There has been a number of studies that have indicated that loneliness is certainly hereditary, that it might run in families and there might be associations between a parent's loneliness and a child's loneliness. "Being parented by someone who has been in a lonely state for some time means we might transmit some of those negative feelings. It's the transmission of negativity that might be happening rather than the experience of loneliness itself." Kirsty McGrath thinks loneliness became a problem for her after her son was born five years ago. She tried going to a number of mother and baby groups to make new friends but struggled to organise play dates and found herself increasingly isolated. Although her husband supports her in the evenings, she finds daytimes difficult because she is often alone and has no-one to talk to. The 33-year-old teacher, who lives in Eltham, south London, says she is worried that not being able to socialise her children will have an effect on them and she might pass on her own feelings of loneliness, which she describes as a "grey cloud". "I am paranoid of passing it on to the kids, I wouldn't be surprised if I did. It's something I am very aware of. I just want them to feel comfortable around others and not feel like they don't fit in. "My son has come home from school and said to me that he doesn't have any friends and that he hasn't played with anyone. I'm worried he is like this because of me, that I haven't put him in enough social situations to know how to mix with others." You might also be interested in: Loneliness is a common experience among new parents and finding groups with shared interests, as opposed to those just focused on parenting, is one way to cope, says Dr Nowland. Dr Faruq Fazal, a GP who has worked in mental health services, says loneliness comes about when people don't have a support network and believes teaching coping skills in school could help. "Nobody really teaches you how to cope through life's challenges. For those suffering from loneliness, it's not just about physically having people around you, it's when you feel you're not able to talk to people and you don't have any emotional support," he says. "I see people who don't have a support network and their coping strategy has gone." Mind suggests a number of ways to manage loneliness, including peer support and talking therapies. Dr Nowland says seeking professional advice can also help those stuck in a cycle of behaviour brought about by loneliness. "Loneliness leaves you with this emotional feeling that is quite painful and distressing. If someone is lonely and they have felt it for a long time, it's realising that it's ok and that you might have developed negative thought patterns. "You might need some help with cognitive behaviour therapy to help you think and reframe things." Angel has had counselling but says although it has helped with her anxiety, it hasn't helped with her feelings of loneliness. She returned to university briefly but has since decided to focus on her mental health, work, and learning to drive. "Loneliness is really different from anxiety and it's different from not being able to make friends," she says. "Anxiety can isolate you, but the loneliness that I felt at university was separate from that - it's about being around people, but being in your own little world. "I'm in a relationship and I'm close to my family but that loneliness is still there. Overall, things have improved a lot, but I don't know if it's ever going to go." If you are suffering from loneliness or social isolation, you can find support through charities such as Mind and Age UK.

क्या हम अपने माता-पिता से अकेलेपन को उसी तरह विरासत में प्राप्त करते हैं जैसे हम अपने बालों और आंखों के रंग को विरासत में प्राप्त करते हैं? दो महिलाएं बताती हैं कि अकेलेपन ने उनके जीवन में कैसे भूमिका निभाई है-और यह उनके माता-पिता और बच्चों से कैसे संबंधित है।


Murder charge after woman found stabbed in Birmingham

Summary: A man has been charged with murder, after a woman was found stabbed to death in Birmingham.

Belinda Rose, 63, was discovered with fatal stab wounds at a house in Pendragon Road, Perry Barr, at about 13:50 BST on Saturday. Ms Rose, from Walsall, was pronounced dead at the scene. Inderjit Ram, 52, from Wensleydale Road in the city, was due to appear at Birmingham Magistrates' Court on Monday charged with murder. Follow BBC West Midlands on Facebook, on Twitter, and sign up for local news updates direct to your phone.

बर्मिंघम में एक महिला की चाकू मारकर हत्या करने के बाद एक व्यक्ति पर हत्या का आरोप लगाया गया है।


Rwanda leads fight against cervical cancer in Africa

Summary: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. But in Africa it is far deadlier than elsewhere, despite being a preventable disease. An ambitious health campaign in Rwanda has set an example which other countries on the continent are now starting to follow.

By Ashley Lime & Esther Akello Ogola BBC News, Nairobi Angeline Usanase, who lives in Rwanda's capital, Kigali, remembers the day her seemingly healthy life took a drastic turn. It was in November 2017 when she saw blood on her panties. This was no ordinary blood. At 67, Ms Usanase was menopausal and wouldn't expect even light bleeding. "I went to a nearby health centre where the doctors recommended that I take the cervical cancer test. "The results came back positive. I was so confused. I could not take it - I thought I was going to die," she says. A model for success Ms Usanase insists that the early detection and timely hospital treatment she received saved her life. But in Rwanda today, she may not have contracted the disease at all, thanks to the launch of a nationwide vaccination and cervical cancer screening campaign. Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in Africa, but it is the deadliest, according to the World Health Organization. The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), which is a sexually transmitted infection (STI), is behind almost all cervical cancer cases. Despite the high number of deaths and the existence of an effective vaccine, only 10 African countries have HPV vaccination as part of their routine immunisation programmes. Senegal is the only country in West Africa to offer it, while other countries like Nigeria ran pilot schemes but haven't adopted the vaccination at a national level. The situation is better in East Africa, as the HPV vaccine is available in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia and Rwanda. Fear of witchcraft Rwanda launched a vigorous campaign to stem the spread of HPV and encourage women to seek early treatment for cervical cancer in 2011. The plan was to get girls vaccinated early and to introduce cervical screening for women. In its first year of the scheme, Rwanda reached nine out every 10 girls eligible for the vaccine, a result that analysts still cite as a model for success. But Rwanda's journey was not without its hurdles. When Rwanda decided to roll out its vaccination plan, some in the global health community discouraged them, claiming that high costs would divert money needed for more pressing child health issues. The government found a solution by partnering with an international pharmaceutical company, which provided free vaccines for the first three years of the roll-out. There were also significant cultural barriers to overcome. "There are still women who think cervical cancer is as a result of witchcraft and visit witchdoctors for treatment as opposed to medical doctors," says Ms Usanase. Women also fear the prospect of having their wombs removed, she adds. But surgery is a treatment for women who already have cervical cancer, not a way to prevent it. "Cervical cancer is the most frequent cancer in Rwanda and the majority of women are coming in for treatment when it's at an advanced stage," says Dr Francois Uwinkwindi, director of the cancer control unit at the Rwanda Biomedical Centre. Through community leaders, churches, village elders, health workers, schools and the media, the government launched a massive awareness campaign to dispel myths around the vaccine. The vaccine was given to girls at school, and for those who weren't at school, it was offered at home. Health authorities ensured that a steady supply of vaccine was available throughout. Eight years later, while the initial campaign started at the grassroots level, it now forms part of Rwanda's routine immunisation programme. Although data isn't available yet to show the results in Rwanda, other countries who've taken a similar approach have seen dramatic falls in HPV infections among young people. You may also be interested in: Australia started mass vaccination in 2007, but had been screening women for cervical cancer since 1991. Its current annual cervical cancer rate stands at seven cases per 100,000 people, which is about half the global average. It is estimated that by 2020 the annual incidence of cervical cancer in Australia will fall to less than six new cases per 100,000 cases. 'Nine women die each day' After Rwanda, other African countries are now following suit. In October, the Kenyan government introduced HPV vaccination into the country's routine immunisation programme, working with international donors. It wants to vaccinate 800,000 girls aged 10 every year. "Nine women die of cervical cancer daily in Kenya. This is a move to prevent the disease through vaccination for girls and screening of older women," said Marleen Temmerman, a professor of obstetrics and gynaecology at the Aga Khan University Hospital in Nairobi. Some however still don't trust the vaccine, despite global health authorities declaring it to be safe and effective, with only minor side effects. "I haven't taken my 10-year-old because I'm afraid of what I'm hearing. There are rumours that our children will become paralysed or they will get blood clots. We have not received education on the vaccine," says Mbonje Athman, a mother living in the coastal city Mombasa. The Kenya Catholic Doctors Association (KCDA), a religious group, has called for a boycott of the vaccine, saying it is unnecessary to give it to young girls, and urging monogamy and sexual abstinence as a way of avoiding HPV. Back in Rwanda, the plan is to scale up efforts to beat cervical cancer. "Many older girls and women didn't get a chance to be immunised when we started the roll-out so now the strategy is to target and screen women between 30 and 49 years," says Dr Uwinkwindi. Ms Usanase now shares her own cancer story as a way of raising awareness and encouraging others to seek out treatment to prevent the disease. "If I had my way, I would line up everyone and get them to go see a doctor," she says.

गर्भाशय ग्रीवा का कैंसर दुनिया भर में महिलाओं में चौथा सबसे आम कैंसर है। लेकिन अफ्रीका में यह एक रोकथाम योग्य बीमारी होने के बावजूद अन्य जगहों की तुलना में कहीं अधिक घातक है। रवांडा में एक महत्वाकांक्षी स्वास्थ्य अभियान ने एक उदाहरण स्थापित किया है जिसे अब महाद्वीप के अन्य देश भी अपनाना शुरू कर रहे हैं।


Reporter tries out Cardiff's 'safer' cycle routes

Summary: "Stay together, mind the pedestrians because there's a lot of them and remember you are a vehicle entitled to the road just like the big cars and lorries," our cycle guides shouted as we pedalled off to experience the best, and worst, of cycling in Cardiff.

By Carys HepworthBBC News As someone whose only experience of bikes over the past decade has been spin class, and not very many of those, I was apprehensive about being sent on the group city ride with Cardiff council, Sustrans and other journalists, following a report into cycling in the city. Everyone else brought their own bike and helmet, dressed like professionals. "How many hire bikes do we need?" "Just the one. For Carys." Within a couple of minutes of the group setting off, carefully indicating and safely crossing into the right lane of a busy junction, a large BMW shot past - cutting us off to push to the front of the queue for the red light and coming within a whisker of hitting my (very shaky) left arm. The driver offered a hand gesture which may have been an apology, a thank you or something else, it was difficult to see through the drizzle pelting into my face. I am in the 28% of Cardiff residents who do not ride a bike but would like to and for those first few minutes, I felt quite vindicated in my hesitation. All my worst fears were true - motorists were impatient and inconsiderate, the roads were busy, everyone seemed to be staring angrily into our backs and it is difficult to name many situations where you are more exposed and vulnerable to a traffic accident than as an inexperienced cyclist in a city centre. But I kept telling myself the statistic we heard at the beginning of the ride - there is only one serious injury for every 4.3 million miles pedalled around the capital. As we continued on our 4.5 mile (7.2km) ride around Cathays, the guides rode ahead, checking junctions to wave us through, signalling when to dismount because of the lack of lowered pavement curbs and occasionally stopping traffic so the group could remain together. Cycling in Cardiff started to feel a lot safer and I even gained enough confidence to let loose my death grip on the handlebars for at least two seconds to indicate with the group. But I could not help wondering how different the experience would have been alone - not surrounded by people specifically looking out for my wellbeing, not to mention that of the council cabinet member who joined us. We quickly reached quieter 20mph roads and cycle paths. Cars seemed to respect the white line separating them from us, slowing down or even stopping rather than cutting into bike lanes. This must be one of the "good infrastructure areas" - Cardiff council and Sustrans' aim for the whole city. I could even imagine doing this, even without my biking babysitters. Margaret Jones, the guide who took me under her wing, pointed out hazards as we went along. Recognising that my lack of confidence on a bike generally was not helping she recommended the roads in Cardiff Bay for practice. "Get confident enough on those roads to be able to take out your water bottle and have a sip. Then letting go to indicate will seem like nothing," she said. A busy junction near the school of music was too difficult to navigate, so we dismounted and crossed with the pedestrians, staying on foot until we had cleared the majority of the traffic and large crowds of students. A few more minutes of pleasant, easy cycling followed as we navigated 20mph streets until we encountered roadworks which had reduced the road to one lane. "Construction companies don't always, in fact hardly ever, think about cyclists when they're planning roadworks," Ms Jones tells me. "The timing of the traffic lights will usually accommodate cars' speeds so it doesn't allow enough time for a cyclist. And someone's turned a 20mph sign over there the wrong way round, I mean, for goodness' sake people, behave." Again, the guides block the other end of the traffic lights so we can all make it through safely - but I can imagine that being a nervous guessing game for a lone cyclist. Despite the attitudes of some motorists towards cyclists - even those who adhere to every rule of the road - it was clear that a great deal has been done to keep riders safe in the capital. There are cycle lanes where I had no clue they existed and signs showing motorists just how many bikes were passing through. Every time a road started to feel dangerous we seemed able to branch off either to a cycle path, through a park or to a quieter route. At some point during the second half of the ride, I realise I am enjoying myself. The council says the population of Cardiff will increase by a quarter over 25 years, meaning the number of cars on the roads will increase too. One of the ways to get cars off the roads is to make cycling a more attractive and safer option - there are already 71 miles (114km) of bike routes in Cardiff and plans for more. "It is my mission now to get you cycling regularly in Cardiff," Ms Jones tells me as we arrive, dishevelled but happy, back at our starting point. She rushes off to get me a cycle map from the leisure centre. Who am I to argue with that?

कार्डिफ में साइकिल चलाने के सबसे अच्छे और सबसे खराब अनुभव का अनुभव करने के लिए साइकिल चलाते हुए हमारे साइकिल गाइड चिल्लाते हुए कहते हैं, "पैदल चलने वालों को ध्यान में रखें क्योंकि उनमें से बहुत सारे हैं और याद रखें कि आप बड़ी कारों और गाड़ियों की तरह सड़क के हकदार वाहन हैं।"