Portugal police 'find cocaine in traveller's padded pants'

Summary: Police in Portugal have detained a man at Lisbon's international airport accused of carrying 1kg (2.2lb) of cocaine in fake buttocks.

Local media said the Brazilian citizen had arrived on a flight from the city of Belém, in northern Brazil. It was not immediately clear how police discovered the case. A second man, suspected of being the recipient of the drug, was detained at the city's train station. The suspects are aged 32 and 40, police say. The drug seized would have been enough to make 5,000 individual doses of cocaine, police said in a statement (in Portuguese). They did not give an estimate of how much the quantity was worth. The men could face charges of drug trafficking. Last month, police in Portugal and Spain seized cocaine hidden inside fresh pineapples that had been transported from South America. You might also find interesting

पुर्तगाल में पुलिस ने लिस्बन के अंतर्राष्ट्रीय हवाई अड्डे पर नकली नितंबों में 1 किलो (2.2lb) कोकीन ले जाने के आरोप में एक व्यक्ति को हिरासत में लिया है।


Dark Mofo: The provocative festival changing Tasmania's reputation

Summary: Once the focus of police concern, Tasmania's Dark Mofo festival remains renowned for confronting, headline-grabbing art. But it has also changed how the state presents itself to the world, writes Adam Morton in Hobart.

It is 21:00 on a Thursday, the winter freeze is setting in, and a 73-year-old-man is easing himself down a ladder into a hole in the middle of the main road in the centre of Hobart. As Mike Parr settles into a small steel chamber, council workers fit the lid on the container and seal the road above him. More than 1,000 people have turned out to watch a man be buried alive. He'll stay down there for 72 hours, meditating, reading Robert Hughes' The Fatal Shore and being repeatedly run over until he is released on Sunday night. All in the name of art. For the people of Hobart, this is no insignificant inconvenience. The capital of the island state of Tasmania is carved up by a series of one-way streets, with the dug-up Macquarie Street the largest running west-to-east. There are no ring roads to give travellers an easy bypass. But if talkback radio is a guide, the city's 225,000 residents are - with a couple of notable exceptions - mostly bemused or intrigued. It may be they've just got used to these sort of eccentric distractions. Banishing 'Slowbart' Once derided as a conservative backwater - "Slowbart" - Hobart has undergone a cultural and economic transformation since the 2011 opening of the privately owned Museum of Old and New Art (Mona). The A$85m (£48m; $63m) fortress is carved into a sandstone cliff on the bank of the River Derwent to showcase the A$100m-plus collection of professional gambler David Walsh. It's Hobart's take on the "Bilbao effect" - the reinvigoration of how an out-of-the-way town is seen due to a bold piece of architecture and, in this case, what lives inside it. In 2013, Mr Walsh expanded his imprint through the creation of Dark Mofo, a mid-winter festival. It started modestly, built around a public feast, light installation and nude swim at dawn on the year's shortest day. From the outset it sparked controversy: police threatened to arrest those taking part until politicians - including then mayor Damon Thomas, who joined in the plunge - lent support. Five years on, the festival has flourished. The bacchanalian feasting and naked aquatics are joined by international headliners in guitar-and-pop virtuoso St Vincent and avant-garde artist Laurie Anderson and outer-orbit performers such as Inuk throat-singing punk Tanya Tagaq. Exhibitions dot the city. At one, the late Lou Reed's guitars buzz in continuous feedback. Festival goers are offered a river boat ride to hear stories of how their body will decay if they are lost at sea. Undeveloped industrial land becomes a nightlife and installation hub. All up, more than 700 artists will perform at 36 venues over three weeks. Nearly 50,000 tickets have been sold, more than half to tourists. Organisers expect total attendances of more than 500,000. A consultants' report in 2015 found the festival was then injecting A$50m. That would have at least doubled, if not tripled. Embracing the cold Beyond the numbers, Dark Mofo has helped transform understanding of what winter can mean in a cold southern climate. Lying more than 1,000km (620 miles) south of Sydney, Hobart has a cool, temperate climate, but is built as though it is somewhere more tropical. Its housing stock is mostly poorly designed to cope with the cold. Until recently, winter was considered a time to be endured or avoided. Festival creative director Leigh Carmichael says the initial idea was to turn this on its head by celebrating Australia's longest night. Themes of darkness, ancient ritual and the beauty of the night followed. "Our calendar is filled with festivals and events that are kind of the wrong way around. Christmas is a winter solstice festival. Easter is a spring, new life festival. Halloween is an autumn festival. They kind of don't really make any sense here," he says. "Dark Mofo is a winter solstice festival… In the southern hemisphere we have this unique opportunity to explore that theme with clear air and clear space." Mr Carmichael says he didn't appreciate how much that would resonate. "The longest night and the darkness kind of seeps into who we are. I don't know whether we understand it, but we feel it." Each Dark Mofo has created controversies. A 2017 performance by Austrian artist Hermann Nitsch involving a freshly slaughtered bull was met with protests. This year, Christian groups have objected to 20m-high inverted red crosses erected along the waterfront. Some indigenous leaders questioned why they were not consulted about Parr's entombment given it was initially described as being linked to the near total destruction of Tasmania's Aboriginal population. Organisers now stress Parr's performance is a comment on 20th Century totalitarianism in all forms, not colonial violence. Few have commented on one of Mr Walsh's more blatant subversions - getting a sleepy city to adopt an abbreviated profanity as its calling card. Economist and commentator Saul Eslake says the most important change has been in the way the state presents itself to the world. "All too commonly, the opinion among mainlanders was a bit like the way Americans view West Virginia - beautiful country, but the people are sort of backwards and have sex with their relatives," he says. "Now, Tasmania is attracting a more sophisticated type of tourist who wants to stay in better hotels and eat at a better type of restaurant." It has spurred interest in what else the state has to offer, including its world-heritage listed natural beauty. In the five years after the museum opened the number of people visiting the state jumped nearly 50%. "Mona and Dark Mofo aren't the only reason for that," Eslake says, "but they are a big part of it."

होबार्ट में एडम मॉर्टन लिखते हैं कि एक समय पुलिस की चिंता का केंद्र, तस्मानिया का डार्क मोफो उत्सव सामना करने, सुर्खियों में रहने वाली कला के लिए प्रसिद्ध है। लेकिन इसने यह भी बदल दिया है कि राज्य दुनिया के सामने खुद को कैसे प्रस्तुत करता है।


Could weapons used in Paris attack reach UK?

Summary: Home Secretary Theresa May was explicit. Addressing MPs on Wednesday, she said the Paris attacks were enabled by the use of military assault weapons. These were "not unknown in the UK but extremely uncommon", she said.

By Frank GardnerBBC security correspondent So what exactly were these weapons that killed 17 people in such a short space of time, and what are the chances we could see a similar well-armed attack on our streets? The two Kouachi brothers who attacked the offices of the Paris magazine Charlie Hebdo on 7 January, used as their primary weapons of choice, a modern derivative of the AK-47. This has been a standard infantry weapon in dozens of countries and the firearm of choice by insurgents, revolutionaries and terrorists all over the world since the 1960s. With a high rate of fire and a 30-round magazine, these weapons can be devastating at close range. AKs were used by the attackers in both the Mumbai siege of 2008 and the Westgate siege in Nairobi in 2013. They are also far more powerful than anything carried by the gendarmes who confronted the gunmen as they left the Charlie Hebdo office after killing 10 people inside. Amateur footage taken from a nearby rooftop shows the police car beating a hasty retreat and reversing down the street once its occupants realised they were outgunned. The Kouachis shot dead two policemen before fleeing north to a suburb where they were eventually killed by police snipers from the French Counter Terrorism unit, GIGN. As well as the assault rifles carried by Cherif and Said Kouachi, the two men were armed with an M82 grenade launcher, grenades and at least one Tokarev pistol. Their accomplice Amedy Coulibaly used a Czech-made Scorpion sub-machine gun, a popular weapon in the criminal underworld. France has strict laws forbidding private ownership of such automatic weapons yet illegal weapons are depressingly easy to obtain, with one report claiming that for every legal weapon in the country there are nearly two illegal ones. The Belgian media have reported that most of the weapons used in the Paris attacks were supplied to Coulibaly by an underworld arms dealer in Brussels for less than 5,000 euros (£3,900). The EU's counter terrorism co-ordinator, Gilles de Kerchove, told the BBC: "It is probably too easy to get hold of military weapons in Europe." But he said the EU had significantly improved its checks on its external borders and that it was constantly improving its response to the threat. The bulk of Europe's more powerful illegal arms are believed to come from the Balkans, specifically from warehouses in Albania and what used to be Yugoslavia. The home secretary warned on Wednesday that north Africa could also be a source of dangerous illicit weapons. The Schengen Agreement, which abolished physical borders between west European countries, has facilitated their proliferation into many European cities. The UK, though, is not part of the Schengen group and government officials maintain this country has correspondingly stricter border controls. As soon as the Paris attacks took place those controls were further tightened, with armed police patrols deployed at St Pancras station where passengers arrive at the Eurostar terminal from the continent. It could conceivably be only a matter of time before determined jihadists in Britain get their hands on the sort of high powered assault weapons used in the Paris attacks but intelligence will be key in trying to head off such a plot before it materialises. Ever since the Mumbai raid in 2008 that killed over 160 people Whitehall planners have been rehearsing with police, special forces and the emergency services to cope with a similar event that they hope never takes place.

गृह सचिव थेरेसा मे स्पष्ट थीं। बुधवार को सांसदों को संबोधित करते हुए उन्होंने कहा कि पेरिस हमले सैन्य हमले के हथियारों के उपयोग से किए गए थे। उन्होंने कहा कि ये "ब्रिटेन में अज्ञात नहीं थे, लेकिन बेहद असामान्य थे।"


'How I got my children back'

Summary: When John's son was placed into care at birth he was distraught - his drug abuse had been the cause. But with the help of a family court focused on reuniting children with their parents, his life began to change.

By Catrin NyeVictoria Derbyshire programme "Not only was I using heroin, I was using crack, I was using prescription drugs, I was using alcohol - and I was homeless." John, who is 49, is candid when it comes to talking about his past addictions. He started experimenting around the age of 14, and continued the habit during the birth of his two children - both with women who were also addicts. It meant he didn't see his first child Daniella for long periods of time - at one stage as much as two years. He says he and the mother "really tried to do normal life, but it didn't really work. "It was a combination of the drugs and the lifestyle that went with that. Trying to be a parent, hold down a job - it wasn't doable," he explains. When Daniella was 10, John found himself preparing for the birth of another child - his son, Archie, with another addict who had already had several children put into care. He began looking for a place to live - having been homeless at the time - but failed to tackle the underlying drug problem. After Archie was born, he was monitored in hospital to see if he had grown dependent on the heroin substitute his mother had taken during pregnancy. Then, he was immediately placed into foster care. As John recalls this devastating period, he asks for a moment to compose himself, leaving his chair as he wipes away the tears. Once he's ready to continue, he says it was seeing his son enter the care system that made him realise how out of hand his own life had become. "That's when I knew this is serious, really serious." John was assigned to a type of family court specifically designed to help parents keep their children, known as the Family Drug and Alcohol Court (FDAC). Its aim is to place parents at the centre of the process - speaking to them directly rather than through lawyers, and having regular two-week sessions with the same judge. Social workers and psychiatrists, as well as experts in substance misuse, domestic violence, finance and housing, are also available. Watch Catrin Nye's full film about the Family Drug and Alcohol Court on the Victoria Derbyshire website. It was founded in 2008 by Judge Nicholas Crichton after years of seeing families being broken up by court rulings. "I often think it must be terrifying for a parent to have to come to [a traditional] court knowing at the end of the proceedings they may well lose their children," he says. FDAC's task can, however, be substantial. "I have seen mothers who have been heroin addicted from the age of 10, children who sleep on urine-sodden beds, where no-one has bothered to bath them or feed them properly," Judge Crichton explains, running through some of the cases he has seen. For John, this approach made "total sense" - helping him to tackle "the problem that was right at the front". FDAC helped him to arrange detox classes to combat his addiction, followed by a day programme. The court is now receiving a further £6.2m of government money over seven years, through a complex financing structure - something called a "social impact bond" or "pay-for-success financing". Private investors will pay the upfront costs and if the process works they make a profit - being paid back by the local authority and the government. If it fails, they will not receive that money. Dr Mike Shaw, a child psychiatrist and co-director of FDAC National Unit, concedes that it makes the process more complex, but says it will ensure the service strives for the best outcome. But its work does come at an inflated price. Each intervention costs around £13,000 a year, he suggests, compared to £5,000 for standard care proceedings. He says, however, that the overall cost of care proceedings might in some cases be as much as £100,000. Minister for Sport and Civil Society, Tracey Crouch, says the additional FDAC funding will "benefit some of the most vulnerable people in society" and "achieve real results in communities across the country". John's intervention lasted around 16 months - at which point he estimates he had been clean for a year. His son Archie, now aged eight, lives with him permanently, and he says he's rebuilding his relationship with Daniella - who's now 18. A 2016 study by the University of Lancaster, commissioned by the Department for Education, suggested that others have successful outcomes from FDAC too. It found 37% of families were reunited or continued to live together at the end of proceedings - compared to 25% of those who go through ordinary family courts. However, the sample group was relatively small - 240 families in all. John says he is now "trying to make up for lost time" with Daniella, who smiles as he says it. He is grateful for the opportunity. "I've got two children, I work, I pay my bills, I do lots of fun stuff," he says. "The way I live my life today is totally different from who I was nearly eight years ago." Watch the Victoria Derbyshire programme on weekdays between 09:00 and 11:00 on BBC Two and the BBC News Channel.

जब जॉन के बेटे को जन्म के समय देखभाल में रखा गया था तो वह परेशान था-उसका नशीली दवाओं का दुरुपयोग इसका कारण था। लेकिन बच्चों को उनके माता-पिता के साथ फिर से मिलाने पर केंद्रित एक पारिवारिक अदालत की मदद से, उसका जीवन बदलने लगा।


Aberdeen FC stadium recommendation delayed

Summary: The publication of a report revealing if council planners recommend Aberdeen FC's bid for a new £50m stadium complex for approval or refusal has been delayed.

The stadium and training facilities would be at Kingsford, near Westhill. The recommendation of Aberdeen City Council planners had been due to be published on Tuesday afternoon. However, it is still being finalised. Councillors will decide on 11 October whether to give the go-ahead. The club has said the new facility is vital to its future. However objectors have called for the club to look elsewhere. BBC Radio Scotland has broadcast a 25-minute programme about Aberdeen's stadium bid.

एक रिपोर्ट के प्रकाशन से पता चलता है कि क्या परिषद के योजनाकार अनुमोदन या इनकार के लिए एक नए £50m स्टेडियम परिसर के लिए एबरडीन एफसी की बोली की सिफारिश करते हैं, इसमें देरी हुई है।


Nottingham Prison officer loses part of ear in bite attack

Summary: Part of a prison officer's ear has been bitten off in an attack at HMP Nottingham, the Ministry of Justice (MoJ) has confirmed.

The officer has since been discharged from Queen's Medical Centre but is still receiving treatment, police said. They were called to the Category B prison on Perry Road at about 09:30 BST on Wednesday. Concerns about safety of staff at the jail were raised in April. And a prisoner there reportedly tried to blind himself last week. The MoJ said violence towards staff would result in "severe consequences". A spokeswoman said: "We have referred this incident to the police and are helping them with their inquiries," "We always press for the most serious charges to be laid against anyone who is violent in prison."

न्याय मंत्रालय (एम. ओ. जे.) ने पुष्टि की है कि एच. एम. पी. नॉटिंघम में एक हमले में एक जेल अधिकारी के कान का हिस्सा काट दिया गया है।


Turkey's post-coup crackdown hits 'Gulen schools' worldwide

Summary: "I think it's really sad and wrong they think we're terrorists, because we're not," says Chilla, a bright and articulate sixth-former at the elite Kharisma Bangsa high school near Jakarta, Indonesia's capital.

By Jenny Norton and Cagil KasapogluBBC World Service Until mid-July, her main worry was getting the right grades for medical school. Now Chilla and her fellow pupils are faced with Turkish accusations that their school has links to a terrorist organisation. Kharisma Bangsa school is one of hundreds across the world that Turkey wants to shut down because they have links to a US-based cleric, Fethullah Gulen. The cleric is held responsible by the Ankara government for the failed July coup in which more than 270 people died. And Turkey argues the schools are part of a strategy to undermine the state. But pupils, teachers and parents interviewed in several countries say they have no links to suspicious activities. Turkey looks to close Gulen schools Who are the Gulenists? Who is Fethullah Gulen? Turkey coup: Who was behind Turkey coup attempt? Kharisma Bangsa is one of nine Indonesian schools Ankara says should be shut down because of their alleged ties to Fethullah Gulen. Secretive network or loosely linked? Turkey says the schools are part of a vast and secretive network which the Gulen movement has used to build a powerbase and infiltrate state institutions. Accusations have been levelled against schools with Turkish connections in more than a dozen countries, from Germany to Afghanistan, leaving thousands of children facing uncertainty over their education. Supporters of the schools say they are no more than a loose affiliation of institutions that share common values and are committed to academic excellence. From extensive interviews with BBC World Service across 10 countries in three continents, it is clear that the schools have much in common but operate quite differently. But all are feeling the pressure. What is a Gulen school? There is no common brand name for the schools. In Pakistan they are called "Pak-Turk Lycees", in Kyrgyzstan they are known as "Sebat" (Persistence) schools, and in Kenya, "Light Academies". Most were set up as partnerships between Turkish and local businesses and organisations, but in many countries like Indonesia and Kyrgyzstan, the Turkish partners are no longer directly involved. Local and Turkish partners say they're admirers of Fethullah Gulen, but not connected to him formally. "A Gulen school, business or newspaper is generally unofficially labelled as such, because the owner or manager considers Fethullah Gulen as a spiritual leader or source of inspiration," says Turkish academic Bayram Balci. Alp Aslandogan, who speaks on behalf of Gulen-associated schools in the United States, says there are numerous social networks within the movement. "The schools which are seen as affiliated with the movement were started by people who belong to these networks." School focus on discipline Followers of Fethullah Gulen often refer to their movement by the name Hizmet (service), and the schools all share the same ethics. "The teachers put emphasis on character-building, morals, and discipline," says Rosi, the mother of a pupil at Kharisma Bangsa. There's also a strong focus on teaching science. From Nairobi to Kandahar, school websites show pupils in smart uniforms, studying in well-equipped science labs or computer rooms. "The children study every day until 3pm, then they have additional classes, activity clubs, and homework," says Baktigul, whose daughter attends a Turkish school in Kyrgyzstan. "At 9pm they all sit down to have tea, and at 10pm it's bedtime." For Maxim Urazaev, who graduated from a Turkish lycee in the Russian city of Kazan in 2009 the experience was "tougher than being in the army". How close to Gulen himself? Head teachers have told the BBC the schools are not part of a formal structure. The head of Kyrgyzstan's 21 Sebat schools, Nurlan Kudaberdiev, says they are all connected to Fethullah Gulen informally because the schools were his idea. "But there's no direct influence or financing from his side any more," he insists. Long before the Turkish government tried to shut the schools down, other countries took action of their own amid suspicion of the network's foreign links. In 2000, Uzbekistan shut down all Gulen-associated schools operating there, and similar steps were taken in Russia, where only seven remain of the 50 schools that used to operate until 2008. All are now firmly under Education Ministry supervision in the Turkic-speaking Muslim region of Tatarstan. Are they secular or religious? The schools describe themselves as secular, promoting tolerance and interfaith dialogue. "In my five years at the school I never once saw a Koran or a Bible," says Maxim Urazaev, from Kazan. But in Russia and elsewhere schools have been accused of running extra-curricular and secret, religious study groups. Many former Soviet countries are deeply suspicious of religious activity beyond state control. A former teacher in Tatarstan rejected the idea of "secret gatherings" but told the BBC that pupils who wanted to could pray with their teachers and talk to them about religion. In Kenya, former students and teachers showed us books by Fethullah Gulen that they had been given. In Kyrgyzstan, 15-year-old Zainal said pupils were sometimes shown videos about Islam. But her mother, Bakhtigul, said she was satisfied it was not a problem. "I even checked the books in their library to see if they had any Gulen literature or suspicious books, but there was nothing." How Gulen schools spread Gulen-affiliated schools have existed in Turkey since the 1970s and only expanded into a truly global phenomenon in the past 20 years. That expansion came as Fethullah Gulen grew closer to Recep Tayyip Erdogan, whose Islamist-rooted AK Party swept to victory in 2002. By teaching Turkish and promoting Turkish culture the schools helped to reinforce Turkey's position and influence across the former Soviet Union, the Far East and into Africa. In 2015 Turkey invested $6.2bn (£4.7bn; €5.5bn) across Africa. Somalia became a flagship for Turkish aid and investment, with three Gulen-linked schools catering for more than 1,000 children. Opportunities and connections Although the schools are fee-paying and attract the children of the elite, they also offer scholarships to poorer families. In Pakistan up to a quarter of children are on scholarships, in Afghanistan it is nearly 30%. Quite apart from the lure of a good education, the schools also offer an opportunity to travel by way of inter-school competitions known as "Olympiads". Star pupils from Kabul have competed in maths and Turkish-language competitions in Uganda, while children from Mogadishu have tested their skills in Kazakhstan. The schools say the competitions are a way of making a global network of friends. But Turkey argues they enable a movement responsible for a deadly coup attempt to continue recruiting new members worldwide. Which countries have agreed to Turkey's school closure demands? Thousands of children and their families have been left feeling vulnerable, and for many their future at the Gulen schools is unclear. "I've been here for eleven years," says Musukan, a sixth former at the Pak-Turk school in Islamabad. "This was the best time of my life. We love it here." "If Turkey really has problems, don't involve us," says Salwa, an Indonesian sixth former. "We're only here to study and to pursue our dreams." Jerome Wirawan, Olga Ivshina and Iram Abbasi contributed to this report. Gulen schools around the world Netherlands Germany Turkey Nigeria Tanzania Kenya Somalia Iraq Azerbaijan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Afghanistan Pakistan Cambodia Thailand Indonesia Russia Netherlands Number of Gulen-associated schools: 11 Status: all schools still open, however a Turkish news agency published list of people and organisations in the Netherlands which it said had links to Fetullah Gulen Germany Number of Gulen-associated schools: 14 Status: all schools still open, however Turkish officials have requested the schools be examined Turkey Number of Gulen-associated schools: 1,032 (plus 15 universities) Number of students: 135,000 (plus 65,000 in universities) Status: all schools and universities shut down. Students allocated to other schools and colleges Nigeria Number of Gulen-associated schools: 17 (plus one university) Number of students: 4,700 (17% on scholarships) Status: all still open despite Turkish calls to close them. However, they have changed their names to remove any reference to Turkey Tanzania Number of Gulen-associated schools: 10 Status: no news of schools being closed, however the Turkish embassy published a letter on its Facebook page calling for the schools to be closed down Kenya Number of Gulen-associated schools: seven (four in Nairobi, two in Mombasa and one in Malindi) Number of students: 2,000 Status: all schools still open, however Turkey is calling for them to be closed Somalia Number of Gulen-associated schools: three Number of students: 1,000 Status: all schools shut down after coup and Turkish teachers sent home. Now reopened under new management with Somali teachers Iraq Number of Gulen-associated schools: 37 in Iraqi Kurdistan (includes primary and high schools and a university) Number of students: 40,000 Status: management of entire network has been replaced following Turkish government request Azerbaijan Number of Gulen-associated schools: 11 (plus one university) Status: schools taken over by education ministry in 2014. University shut and reopened under new management after July 2016 Kyrgyzstan Number of Gulen-associated schools: 21 Number of students: 12,500 Status: schools still open after government rejects Turkish calls to close them Tajikistan Number of Gulen-associated schools: 6 schools in 4 main cities Status: taken over by the government and rebranded Schools for Gifted children in 2015 Afghanistan Number of Gulen-associated schools: 20 Number of students: 8,000 (30% of students on scholarships) Status: all schools still open, no official call for closure but reports of deep concern from parents Pakistan Number of Gulen-associated schools: 28 Number of students: 11,000 (one quarter on scholarships) Status: 23 Turkish teachers have been removed after Turkish call for schools to be closed Cambodia Number of Gulen-associated schools: three (plus one university) Status: all schools open despite call from Turkish ambassador to Cambodia to shut them down Thailand Number of Gulen-associated schools: four Number of students: 2,000 Status: all schools still open but Turkish embassy calling for them to close Indonesia Number of Gulen-associated schools: nine Number of students: 2,000 Status: all schools still open after government rejects Turkish call for them to be closed Russia Number of Gulen-associated schools: seven Status: schools now operating under Education Ministry management in Tatarstan. Forty three shut down across the country in 2008

"मुझे लगता है कि यह वास्तव में दुखद और गलत है कि वे सोचते हैं कि हम आतंकवादी हैं, क्योंकि हम नहीं हैं", चिल्ला, इंडोनेशिया की राजधानी जकार्ता के पास कुलीन करिश्मा बंगसा हाई स्कूल में एक उज्ज्वल और स्पष्ट छठे छात्र कहते हैं।


First steps: What would first human on Mars say?

Summary: Neil Armstrong is a very hard act to follow.

By Neil BowdlerScience and health reporter, BBC News The words he used after stepping off the lunar lander are arguably the most famous ever uttered and perhaps an impossible act to follow should we ever go to Mars. But what would the first human on the Red Planet try to say, to encapsulate the thoughts of a watching globe as they watch our first visit to another planet? The BBC has asked readers for their suggestions via the Twitter hashtag #BBCMARS as part of the BBC News special How to put a human on Mars, which describes a concept mission to the planet designed by scientists at Imperial College London. "Sending a man or a woman where they've never been before would be a massive achievement and it would excite the whole world," says Martin Archer, a space plasma physicist who worked on the Imperial College design team. "If I were to be the first to set foot on Mars, I think I'd have to go back to the Roman mythology and Mars was the god of war and I'd say 'We as a race step foot on this planet in peace not war'." Mystery still surrounds when and where Armstrong's first words were crafted. The late astronaut maintained they came to him only after landing on the Moon. But in a 2012 BBC film, Neil Armstrong - First man on the Moon, his brother Dean gives another account in which he and his brother were playing the board game Risk before the Apollo 11 mission. "During the game, he slipped me a piece of paper and said, 'Read that'. I did," he told the documentary makers. "On that piece of paper there was, 'That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind'. He says, 'What do you think about that?' I said, 'Fabulous'. He said, 'I thought you might like that, but I wanted you to read it'." The circumstances of a Mars landing would be different to 1969. The crew would have been in space not for four days before landing, as with Apollo 11, but at least nine months and would emerge into a butterscotch atmosphere where winds or sand storms might be blowing. Unless we create some form of artificial gravity, as the Imperial team propose, they may also have experienced substantial muscle and bone loss en route due to weightlessness, which could leave them struggling even to make those first steps once in Martian gravity. The radio signals back to Earth would take not a second or so as with Armstrong, but 3-20 minutes depending on the alignment of Earth and Mars, which means the first human on Mars would utter those first words in total isolation. There would be no conversation with Houston, just a human talking alone. "I suspect the first words would be written for them in all honesty," says Dr Simon Foster, a space physicist and another member of the Imperial design team. "Just like Neil Armstrong's word, they're going to echo for the rest of time for human kind. They are going to be words that every human being will know and that kind of responsibility is huge." Ideas for first words from BBC readers included a satirical suggestion from astronomer Nick Howes: "Why has it taken so long to take the next giant leap for humanity?" Paul Phillips tweeted "Here Rover... come on boy!" Shakespeare Today, an account which finds a quote from the Bard for modern times, tweeted from Henry VI part 2: "Well, for this night we will repose us here: /To-morrow toward London back again." David Spencer wrote: "I've made a huge mistake." While Sunil Gogna suggested we just repeat a proven formula: "The same as the great Neil Armstrong's on the moon." But perhaps the most poignant comment came not from a human, but "a robot". In a message to BBC News, the social media team behind Nasa's Curiosity Rover account tweeted: "I look forward to footprints next to my rover tracks. Data I collect will help future human explorers." The documentary How to put a human on Mars can be seen this weekend on the BBC News channel and BBC World News.

नील आर्मस्ट्रांग का अनुसरण करना बहुत कठिन कार्य है।


Margaret Thatcher: The economy now and then

Summary: She changed the country, yes. But did she make it better? That's the question lurking behind the deluge of commentary following Baroness Thatcher's death - and in the fascinating parliamentary debate in her honour.

Stephanie FlandersFormer economics editor For me, the lesson of all that talk is that it is a very difficult question to answer without caveats and qualifications, and not just for the usual reason, that her policies "divided the nation". It's also because the market economy she helped to bring to the UK is itself such a many-sided thing. The market can be miraculous - the greatest vehicle for wealth creation the world has ever known. But it can also wreak havoc - economically and socially. Margaret Thatcher gave Britain its first big lesson in both. You might say that policymakers on both sides of the political divide have been looking for a middle way between those two things ever since, a way to get the miracle without the misery. The global financial crisis taught us we haven't found it yet. But, you can bet that politicians will keep looking for the right balance between government and market: how to provide a safety net for the unemployed without discouraging work, for example, promote financial markets without also promoting unsustainable debts, or balance the government's books without tanking the economy. Experiment How do today's versions of those policies compare with hers? Like Thatcher, Iain Duncan Smith thinks the welfare system he inherited saps individual initiative and traps people in long-term dependency, at an unacceptable cost to the state. Thatcher had one answer to that. Universal Credit is Iain Duncan Smith's. We'll start to see this year how his experiment works out. The removal of exchange controls and easing of credit restrictions were Thatcher's first big moves to free up the financial system. (Hard to believe, now, that in 1979 we were still only allowed to spend £50 a year abroad.) The "Big Bang" reform of the City in 1986 was another important step along the road, though the bang is probably remembered as bigger, now, than it was at the time. Many would argue that Gordon Brown's "light-touch regulation" and general deregulation of banking, in the UK and around the world, did more to "unleash" the City than anything Margaret Thatcher did, and more to pave the way to the financial crisis. Higher international capital and liquidity requirements, plus the government's decision to put the Bank of England back in charge of regulating banks, are this government's attempt to have the benefits of free financial markets without the accompanying disasters. Years from now, we'll be drawing our own conclusions about whether they got the balance right. And macroeconomic policy? What about that? Monetarism Thatcher's macroeconomic policy was front and centre of the debate when she was in office - at least in the first few years. Oddly enough, it hasn't featured very prominently in the many articles on her legacy that economists have written this week. That might be because most of what was new in her monetary and fiscal policies didn't really work. The experiment in "monetarism" - using the control of the money supply to control inflation - was quite quickly abandoned. Purists would say it was never really tried. And only on the back of an unsustainable economic boom in the late 1980s did she manage to make serious progress in shrinking the relative size of the state. Public spending was around 45% of national income when she took office, and it was 45% again in 1985, having risen as high as 48% in 1982-3. Spending only fell below 40% at the end of the decade, and then only briefly. In real terms, you might be surprised to hear that there were only two years in Thatcher's time when spending fell at all. According to the IFS, real spending grew by 1.3% a year between 1979 and 1990. In that sense, George Osborne is planning to be much tighter than she ever was. His plans allow total spending to grow by just 0.3% a year in the five years from 2009-10. And remember, that total includes rising debt interest and social security payments. He's squeezing most government departments far more than Thatcher did. His austerity plans are almost as controversial as Thatcher's were in 1981. But it's worth noting that the deficit she inherited was a lot smaller. In 1979, the gap between public spending and tax revenues in 1979 was 4.1% of GDP. I'm tempted to say, a "mere" 4.1%. For all his toughness, Mr Osborne has had to resign himself to borrowing more than that amount for the entire Parliament. The deficit is not even forecast to get below 5% of GDP until 2016-17 - which is one reason why at least one ratings agency has decided that Britain's sovereign debt is no longer triple A. The deficit was 11% of national income when he took office, more than double what it was in 1979. Economic hole You could say the stakes in today's argument over austerity are even higher than they were in the early 1980s. Not only is borrowing higher, but the hole in the economy is also worse than it was then. The recession of Thatcher's first term was the worst since World War II, but national output still managed to grow by 5% in the five years after 1979. In the five years since 2007, Britain's national income hasn't grown at all - in fact our economy is 2% smaller than it was at the start of the downturn. And growth in the ten years after 2007 is now forecast to be just 0. 8% a year - one-third of the average growth rate under Thatcher. But, bad though it is, I don't think the average person would say that Britain's economic situation was as desperate today as it was in the late 1970s. There are lots of reasons why that might be the case - not least, the fact that our living standards are higher now than they were then. We are a much richer nation. But the lower level of inflation and unemployment surely also makes a big difference. Even though inflation has been well above target for several years, it has never got close to the 22% it reached in 1980. And even though joblessness has risen to 2.5 million since 2007, it is not as high as it was in the 1980s - despite a deeper recession. As a share of the labour force, unemployment peaked at 12% in 1984, and was hovering around 10% for more than half of Thatcher's time in office. It has risen about 2 percentage points since 2007, but it has not gone much above 8%. Can Margaret Thatcher take any credit for the resilience of employment since 2008? Well, many economists would say the supply side reforms she introduced (including toughening up the welfare system and reining in the unions) helped make the labour market more flexible - so when recession struck in 2007, wages took the strain rather than jobs. Though monetarism was a flop, her fans would also say she paved the way for a less political approach to monetary policy, including an independent Bank of England. Needless to say, her critics would give her a lot less credit. But the human cost of bringing down inflation in the 1980s surely did leave its mark on policymakers - even those who were very young at the time. That is one part of Thatcher's legacy where policymakers across the political spectrum can unite in saying "never again".

उन्होंने देश को बदल दिया, हाँ। लेकिन क्या उन्होंने इसे बेहतर बनाया? बैरोनेस थैचर की मृत्यु के बाद टिप्पणी की बाढ़ के पीछे यही सवाल छिपा हुआ है-और उनके सम्मान में आकर्षक संसदीय बहस में।


Man and dogs rescued from Dhoon Glen cliff face

Summary: A man and his two dogs had to be pulled to safety after becoming stranded on a remote cliff face on the Isle of Man.

Coastguards were called following concerns for a man's safety at Dhoon Glen near Ramsey at 15:35 BST on Monday. It is thought the pets went over the top of the 50m (165ft) slope and the man, aged in his 30s, then went down to try to retrieve them. All three were unhurt and rescued using ropes and pulleys. Coastguard manager Kev Scott said: "Due to the remote location all equipment had to be firstly carried by hand to the top of the cliff. "The teams worked as one to carry out a successful rescue."

आइल ऑफ मैन पर एक दूरदराज की चट्टान पर फंसे होने के बाद एक आदमी और उसके दो कुत्तों को सुरक्षित स्थान पर खींचना पड़ा।


Llanymynech: Woman dies as car hits her

Summary: A 63-year-old woman died when she was hit by a car near a village in Powys.

The victim was fatally injured on the B4398 at Carreghofa, just south of Llanymynech, which straddles the Wales-England border, at about 15:30 GMT on Friday. A BMW X1 was involved in the collision and the woman died at the scene, Dyfed-Powys Police said. The force said it was investigating the crash and called for witnesses to come forward.

पॉव्स में एक गाँव के पास एक कार की चपेट में आने से एक 63 वर्षीय महिला की मौत हो गई।


Ayutthaya: One Square Mile of Thailand

Summary: Lying just 70km north of the Thai capital Bangkok, Ayutthaya is often overlooked by tourists. If they want to see old, crumbling temples, then Sukhothai to the north offers a wilder, more atmospheric setting.

By Jonathan HeadBBC News, Ayutthaya Those visitors who do go to Ayutthaya usually make a one-day trip from Bangkok, giving them only a few hours to explore, usually in the hottest hours of the day when temple fatigue quickly kicks in. Ayutthaya, though, offers a vivid snapshot of Thailand today; a city that was the capital of a powerful Buddhist-Hindu empire for 400 years but also a modern-day manufacturing centre so crucial to the global economy that when Ayutthaya was badly flooded last year it disrupted the supply chain for some of the world's biggest companies. The old city was founded in 1350, on a virtual island, surrounded by a loop of the great Chao Phraya River on one side, the smaller Pasak River to the east, and a canal cutting across the top. It was an ideal defensive position, and very good for trade too. At the height of its power in the 16th Century, merchants from China, Japan, Portugal, the Netherlands and Britain built trading bases. The wealth accumulated from rice cultivation in the fertile flood plain was used to build dozens of elaborate temples and palaces. But war with neighbouring Burma led its destruction in 1767, and all that is left today are the magnificent ruins, still a revered place of pilgrimage for Buddhists. Protected site Tim Curtis, chief of Unesco's culture department in Bangkok, gave me a picture of what the city was like. "It was very cosmopolitan, with all the overseas traders. The canals used to move around the city were always busy. In the 17th Century it was one of the world's largest cities, as big as Paris," he says. The temples, he explains, were built both to enhance the prestige of kings but also to accumulate merit for the entire community. What's left of the old kingdom is preserved as a Unesco World Heritage Site, but the UN body is engaged in constant negotiation with Thai authorities to improve the ruins. "What we'd like to see is a greater sense of connection between the old and the modern city", says Tim Curtis, "Venice, another water city, is a good example". The pressures of modern development have caused damage to historic sites: vibrations from traffic and inappropriate construction. Much of Ayutthaya resembles any other Thai provincial city - rows of unattractive, concrete shop-houses, built to a budget. But the economic transformation of Ayutthaya has also raised living standards. We went out at dawn to a major intersection, to watch thousands of uniformed workers lining up to take buses to industrial estates just outside the city. There are now more than 2,000 factories in Ayutthaya, employing around 200,000 people. One of the factories is run by car-maker Honda. It's the company's sixth-largest in the world, and can produce up to 300,000 cars a year, Vice-president Nobuyuki Shibaike told me. He says the quality of Ayutthaya vehicles rivals those made in Japan. But Honda's commitment to the city was severely tested last year, when the floods inundated the estate, stopping production for six months. The company says it is not considering relocating for the moment, but may build additional factories in different parts of Thailand. Honda and its neighbours are carefully watching the construction of a 77km-long flood wall around the estate, and the government's plans to prevent a repeat of last year's disaster. Boat museum One of the great pleasures in visiting Ayutthaya is to see traditional Thai crafts, preserved and practised here. We went to a private boat museum, where Kanok Khaomala and his father Paithun keep examples of the wooden boats that used to be seen on the waterways in the old days. Mr Khaomala senior started the museum when he retired as a teacher, in order to maintain the old skills of boat-building. These skills are dying out because Thailand no longer has the tropical hardwood trees used to make them. It is a wonderful little museum; apart from the boats, there are stunning scale models of the glittering royal barges, each taking up to a year to make. In the north-west corner of the old city, you can also visit the workshop of Ajarn Kob, a master in the art of Sak Yant, or sacred tattoos. Thais have adorned their bodies with these ancient tattoos for centuries, believing they can protect them. Soldiers in the armies of the kings of Ayutthaya would not go into battle without them. Mr Kob explains that it is not enough to learn how to inscribe the intricate designs on people's bodies. There are mystical forces you must absorb to make a potent Sak Yant. A highlight of any visit to Ayutthaya should be a ride on an elephant. At the height of its power the kings of Ayutthaya kept thousands of them; they were the domesticated beasts of burden, used for heavy lifting, but also for war. Elephants were trained to charge into battle and to attack the opposing armies. Those roles have been lost in the modern age, but the last remaining stable, or kraal as it's known in Thailand, is still being run in Ayutthaya to give working elephants a home, and a role. This is where they train the elephants, and their mahouts, or drivers, to carry tourists. They also breed them. The baby elephants are delightful, wandering around the kraal, playfully wrapping their trunks around anything that interests them. The kraal allows visitors to stay and help look after the elephants - but watch out. Even a two-month-old baby is heavy enough to sneak up and knock you over. This correspondent found himself toppling into the dust on several occasions.

थाई राजधानी बैंकॉक से सिर्फ 70 किमी उत्तर में स्थित, अयुत्थाया को अक्सर पर्यटकों द्वारा अनदेखा किया जाता है। यदि वे पुराने, ढहते मंदिरों को देखना चाहते हैं, तो उत्तर में सुखोथाई एक जंगली, अधिक वायुमंडलीय सेटिंग प्रदान करता है।


Shetland 'best place to see puffins'

Summary: Shetland is the best destination for watching puffins according to a National Geographic list of the top 10 places to see wildlife .

The guide said the isles had seven large puffin colonies, with the island of Foula offering the "most scenic" views of the seabirds. But time could be running out to see the Atlantic puffins. They are among four UK bird species now at risk of extinction, according to a global conservation database. Atlantic puffins, European turtle doves, Slavonian grebes and pochards are on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's updated Red List of Threatened Species for birds. Shetland is the only UK entry on the National Geographic list. The others include Hawaii for seeing humpback whales and Madagascar for watching lemurs.

वन्यजीवों को देखने के लिए शीर्ष 10 स्थानों की नेशनल ज्योग्राफिक सूची के अनुसार शेटलैंड पफिन देखने के लिए सबसे अच्छा गंतव्य है।


Sending money home if you don't trust your Dad

Summary: Technology has made it easier and cheaper to send money home to relatives round the world. But what if you don't trust your Dad not to squander it? No problem - now you can pay his electricity bills directly.

By Simon ReadTechnology of Business reporter The range of services, countries and choices offered by money transfer apps has been increasing rapidly in recent years, bringing a lifeline to families who depend on cash from abroad. The advantages of sending their daughter to school in Zimbabwe were obvious to Steven and Jennifer Barker. "It's a beautiful country and gives her many different opportunities that she wouldn't get where we live in the UK," says Steven. The couple who both work in IT live near Watford just north of London. Jennifer is from Zimbabwe and was keen for their daughter Isabella, 14, to benefit from an education similar to the one that she had. But as schools in Zimbabwe tend to charge fees, they had to find a way to get $3,000 (£2,200) cash per term to the country. And new tech allows them to pay the school fees directly. One online service in particular has helped Steven and Jennifer Barker. They use Zympay, which since 2016 has been helping people pay bills across borders. "It used to take two to three days to send payment but now we can pay fees direct to Isabella's school and get an almost immediate acknowledgment," says Steven. "It's much faster, more convenient, and attracts none of the extra fees that traditional methods charge, with all the companies involved taking a cut." Remittance problems The problem of sending money across borders - remittances - is shared by many migrants across the globe who are sending cash back home. There are several difficulties, not least the high costs. This is exacerbated by the fact that in many countries there is limited access to basic financial services. The World Bank says that international migration is at an all-time high with more than 250 million migrant workers across the globe. Its latest factbook says migrants collectively send more than $600bn to their families back home each year, which means remittances are big business. Until recently, the market has been dominated by giant money transmission firms such as Western Union and MoneyGram. But technology is helping to change this, and new firms are marketing themselves as offering cheaper, faster and more convenient services. Many are helping to battle financial exclusion across the world. Obstacles Migrants hoping to send money home often face several obstacles. Often they are unable to open a bank account in their new country and, by the same token, their family back home are often without a bank. Traditionally the way round that is to take cash to a money transmission agent and wire it to a local office in their home country. But there's the inconvenience of both parties having to travel to an office plus the cost, which can eat away a fair chunk of the money, often up to 10%. Now migrants can use mobile phones to make payments or to send cash directly to chosen recipients, like utility firms or grocery stores. This solves another problem - that the cash can get into the hands of a family member who spends it on something else, rather than in paying off bills. Direct payments Dakshesh Patel is the former NatWest banker behind the Zympay service used by the Barkers in Zimbabwe: it operates in South Africa, Zambia, Nigeria and India too. "We simplify the process and minimise the costs for people sending money to relatives," he says. The business has just linked with new start-up Pip iT to help migrant workers who have no bank account. They can take cash to a post office in Britain, Canada or 10 African countries to get a voucher that can be read by their phone to add money to their Pip iT wallet. It can then be used - via payment services such as Ghana's Zeepay, Uganda's Swifin and Kenya's Impalapay - to settle bills back home. Co-founder of the social enterprise Ollie Walsh based the idea on his own experience. "It is very difficult for migrants to open a bank account in their new country, as I discovered when I moved to England from Ireland. "It took me seven months to open an account so imagine how much longer it takes for someone from Ghana, for instance." More Technology of Business WorldRemit takes a slightly different approach to the problem, allowing migrant workers to send money home from their bank to the mobile phone of a family member at home. Alice Newton-Rex, vice-president of product at the firm explains: "Mobile money can be exchanged for cash. There are 150,000 agents in Kenya alone where you can hand over cash and load your phone or vice versa." Sulabh Agarwal, payments expert at Accenture, reckons fintechs have really begun to shake up the cross-border payments market. He mentions peer-to-peer money transfer service TransferWise and virtual bank account Revolut as two examples where new tech firms have made a difference by slashing charges and exchange rate fees. Marek Trepka is one worker who says his working life has been improved by Revolut. The wealth management consultant is based in Poland but works for companies all over Europe. "My account allows me to invoice people in pounds or euros which means my clients don't have to make expensive cross-border payments. It also means I get my money quicker," he says. "Before, clients paid me directly into my Polish bank account, which took a couple of days and the exchange rate was much worse." Ordinary workers TransferToGo is another app helping migrant workers across the world. Marketing director Magnus Olby says the service is aimed at ordinary workers. "The majority of our customers work in traditional blue collar professions such as construction and transportation as well as healthcare and retail." Like other new fintechs, the service has slashed costs, and Mr Olby claims it is 90% cheaper than traditional banks. But banks are not standing still. "Banks have begun building new cross-border payment interface and mobile applications, re-pricing foreign exchange and transfer costs and collaborating with fintech players to enhance offerings," says Accenture's Sulabh Agarwal. That's a move that's welcomed by Zympay's Dakshesh Patel, who says he would love to collaborate with banks: "Their market-share and our expertise combined would benefit us both and help many more customers get cheaper and quicker payments."

तकनीक ने दुनिया भर के रिश्तेदारों को घर पैसे भेजना आसान और सस्ता बना दिया है। लेकिन क्या होगा अगर आपको अपने पिता पर भरोसा नहीं है कि वे इसे बर्बाद नहीं करेंगे? कोई बात नहीं-अब आप सीधे उनके बिजली के बिलों का भुगतान कर सकते हैं।


Can Calvin Klein scent catch a 'killer' tiger?

Summary: Can a world-famous eau de toilette for men, known for its smoky and spicy fragrance, help trap a "man-eating" tiger prowling in the jungles of India's western state of Maharashtra?

Soutik BiswasIndia correspondent Wildlife officials say they aren't sure, but have in any case bought bottles of Obsession for Men by Calvin Klein to lure a six-year-old tigress that is believed to have killed 13 people around the town of Pandharkawada. She has been evading capture for more than two years. "We have been told the cologne can work as a good scent bait for the tigress. So we will spray the perfume on the trees and ground and see what happens," Sunil Limaye, a wildlife official, says. The fragrance contains a pheromone called civetone derived from the scent glands of a cat-like mammal called the civet, which is often used in cologne. During an experiment at New York's Bronx Zoo, jaguars apparently loved the perfume. Biologist Miguel Ordenana told the Scientific American magazine that he believed jaguars could be lured to a camera trap by spraying the perfume on a tree branch. Three years ago, the perfume - sprayed on camera traps and cages - was used to trap a leopard in southern Karnataka state. Using an expensive perfume to lure a tiger hints at the acute desperation that is building up to capture the big cat, simply named T-1, in what has become one of India's biggest tiger hunts ever. The search has frustrated forestry officials and sharpshooters as the tigress - along with her two nine-month-old cubs - continues to skulk in a vast 150 sq km (57 sq miles) area covering jungles, farms and villages. Fear has gripped more than 5,000 people living in 20 villages in the area after three killings in August. To avoid tiger attacks, farmers and graziers are being told to return early from the fields and forest, venture out only in groups, and not defecate in the open fields, a common practice in the villages. Animal activists in cities have begun a social media and online campaign to "save" the tigress from the hunter's gun, saying that forestry officials don't have the expertise to capture the cat alive and will end up shooting it. But, in September, India's Supreme Court waded in, saying it would not interfere if the forest rangers were forced to shoot the tiger while trying to capture it. "We do not intend to kill her. But it will all depend on the circumstances. If she attacks us, we'll have to shoot. It's a game of wait and watch," AK Mishra, the senior-most wildlife official in the region, says. The "game" has gone on for too long, say officials, and they have done nearly everything possible to track down the tigress. Thirty-six forest guards go into the forest every day to check more than 100 camera traps that have so far turned up more than 300 images of T-1 and her cubs. At a dozen places in the jungle, horses and goats have been tied to trees as bait. Two horses have been already killed - presumably by the tigress - in October but a search of the areas proved to be futile. Rangers with torches and wireless sets keep watch from four treetop platforms round the clock. Fifty commandos of a "tiger protection force", along with policemen armed with AK-47s. patrol the forests. They look for fresh pugmarks, sniff out tiger urine, and identify claw marks on tree barks, where tigers polish their retractable claws. A hired sharpshooter has also been moving around separately with his nine-member team. Elephants have also been deployed. A drone and a power glider are flying over the jungle to try to spot the cat. At the rag-tag makeshift camp in Sitara village on the edge of the forest, three cages and nylon nets are ready to be transported to any area to capture and bring back the cats. A group of vets are on hand with tranquiliser darts. In all, 500 men and an array of machines have been pressed into service. And yet, T-1 continues to evade capture. "She is very clever. She is with her cubs, so she is extra careful. She manages to outwit us," says KM Abharna, a senior forestry official who is co-ordinating the hunt. "The terrain doesn't make the job any easier for us." The teak forest is undulating and rocky. The biggest obstacle is a fast-growing wild shrub called lantana that sometimes grows to heights of 8-10ft. This wild bush makes it difficult for the team to navigate by foot or by vehicle and comes in the way of spotting animals. Panthers, blue bulls, wild pigs and snakes populate the jungle. During the sticky summers, temperatures soar to 48C (118F) and quickly exhaust the hunters. The hunt has also brought tragedy in its wake. Earlier this month, five elephants were brought in to carry sharpshooters to spot, cordon off and capture the tigress. The operation ended abruptly when one of the elephants broke away from her shackles, and trampled a village woman to death. The pachyderms were quickly sent back amid villager outrage. "The search goes on. We have to be patient," says Mr Limaye. There are other questions to which answers remain unclear. For one, it is not clear where T-1 came from, apart from the fact that she was not born in a protected reserve. They also know that her mother was electrocuted when she came into contact with a crude electric fence. Farmers often set these up around their land to keep away marauding animals. With more than 2,200 big cats, India is home to 60% of the world's tigers. There are more than 200 in Maharashtra, but only a third of them live in the state's 60 protected areas, including sanctuaries, natural parks and tiger reserves. And there is still some confusion about whether T-1 deserves the "man-eater" label. She is believed to have killed 10 people in 20 months since 2016. Things came to a head in August when she allegedly killed three people, sparking panic in the area. DNA tests on swabs from tiger saliva from the wounds of seven of the 13 victims so far show that five of them were inflicted by a female tiger. The two other samples turned up inconclusive results. Many of the bodies were decapitated as she dragged her prey away. She appears to have tasted human flesh: at least one victim was found with his leg torn off. Also, it is not clear why T-1 has attacked humans. Rapid deforestation has resulted in tigers often coming into conflict with villagers who live close to their reserves. But one of the reasons why T-1 is allegedly attacking humans is the abnormally high numbers of cattle being taken to graze in the forests. Villagers in the area are holding on to an estimated 30,000 cattle, most of them old and unproductive animals that herders cannot kill because of a government ban on cow slaughter. Villagers are forced to graze them in the forest as there is little fodder at home. Many of the attacks appear to be chance encounters gone wrong, or simply because the humans got in the way of their real prey - the cattle. 'Blood sucking tiger' In January, Ramji Shendre, 70, and his wife went to the jungle with their two cattle. As Shendre lit a fire from the wood he had collected to ward off insects, the tigress suddenly appeared behind him. Some 50 metres away, his wife Lata watched in horror as the tiger dragged her husband's body away. She climbed a rickety platform and screamed for help. Villagers rushed to the area, vehicles were stopped on a neighbouring road and air-horns were blown. The tiger dragged the body for 2km and abandoned it. "She doesn't eat her victims, it seems," Lata says. "She just sucks the blood out of her human prey". Most villagers call her the "blood sucking tiger". But officials say she has eaten the flesh of many of her victims. And yet the hunters nearly got her on 21, May. The search group had spotted her 18km away from the camp at Sarati, feasting on a blue bull. They surrounded her, says Ms Abharna, and shot her with a tranquiliser dart. The dart struck her. But she turned around, swam across a narrow dam, bolted across farms, crossed a macadam road, and disappeared into the forest. Officials say she may have been in a state of heightened excitement which would have made the tranquiliser ineffective. Or the dosage of the dart was simply not enough. When the rangers backed up their 4x4, T-1 was on the road and "charged" at the vehicle, remembers Ms Abharna. "She was roaring loudly. She was very, very angry." Then she dashed into the lantana bushes and disappeared.

क्या पुरुषों के लिए एक विश्व प्रसिद्ध शौचालय, जो अपनी धुँआ और मसालेदार सुगंध के लिए जाना जाता है, भारत के पश्चिमी राज्य महाराष्ट्र के जंगलों में घूमते हुए एक "आदमी खाने वाले" बाघ को पकड़ने में मदद कर सकता है?


2012: A year of energy

Summary: Looking back at the year, two things stand out. One has been the bumpy, uncertain course of the continued downturn, and a growing realisation that it's got a lot more bumping to do. The other has been a lot of activity in the energy sector.

Douglas FraserBusiness and economy editor, Scotland The news keeps coming, and apart from your household bills, most of it has been pretty good. Today, we learn from Norway that Statoil is committing at least £4.3bn to developing the Mariner field. While the platform's to be built in Korea, it means sub-contracts and 700 UK jobs. The field was first discovered 31 years ago, but only now does the subsea technology and the finance look ripe for the biggest UK offshore investment in more than a decade. On Thursday, it was 400 jobs in Easter Ross, as Global Energy's regeneration of Nigg fabrication yard moves up a gear or two. Although it's well positioned for renewables, those jobs are more about oil and gas. Earlier this week, Dana Petroleum announced it's going ahead as lead developer of the Western Isles field, Barra and Harris (confusingly located east of Shetland), meaning investment of about £1bn. Today, there's also a big investment by Japanese energy firm JX Nippon, buying Eni's stakes in at least 20 fields on the so-called UK Continental Shelf (UKCS). That includes nearly a third of the Mariner field, on track to become one of Britain's biggest producers. And that follows days after BP's sale of more than a billion pounds-worth of assets in the North Sea - a big chunk going to Abu Dhabi-owned Taqa, and a smaller interest to SSE. Chasing assets What's going right? Well, there's a lot of money chasing assets. SSE and JX Nippon are among those integrated energy firms that want to secure their upstream resource. That's what's brought a lot of Chinese money into the North Sea this year: Talisman recently confirmed it's forming a joint venture with Sinopec, and Canada's just given the green light to CNOOC's takeover of Nexen, including its big North Sea assets. The need to grab assets where you can is partly because an increasing share of the world's oil and gas is locked up by sovereign producers, or overseen by less stable political regimes. This investment activity has not been lost on those arguing for Scottish independence, saying this runs counter to warnings that investment could dry up because of constitutional uncertainty. If it proves anything, it is that this is one sector where the industry assumes the outcome of Scotland's constitutional debate will not do much to change the course of the fiscal and regulatory regime that currently exists in UK waters. It is also because the UK fiscal regime is looking less unstable than it was. After repeated Treasury raids, the last one - in George Osborne's 2011 Budget - led to howls of protest from the industry, and some sharp responses in reduced investment. Facing ferocious lobbying, the Treasury has engaged its reverse gear and opened up a series of targeted field allowances to make investment more attractive. The government's also moving to sort out one of the big clouds that hangs over the industry: who is responsible for the costs of de-commissioning offshore equipment. That latter measure is being directly linked to the Japanese decision to buy from Italy's Eni. But all that underlines one factor worth bearing in mind about the future of the industry: to create incentives for energy firms to invest in hard-to-reach reserves, the industry's going to expect bigger tax breaks. So governments will get less revenue. Golden twilight With investment flowing again, does that mean we can assume the production taps are getting turned on again, and British/Scottish waters can look forward to decades of a prolonged golden twilight for the industry? Not so fast. The price of oil, on which investment and tax revenue depends heavily, has always been volatile. Now production has joined it. It was assumed that UKCS production would decline at about 5% per year. That was until 2011, when it fell off a cliff. Gas production declined 21% in one year, and oil was down 17%. Much of that was due to unexpected maintenance shutdowns. It was a reminder, of course, that old equipment leads to the unexpected becoming more of a feature, and that production estimates are no longer to be trusted. So the Treasury and the Office of Budget Responsibility (OBR) have downgraded their estimates of where revenue is heading. They did so just ahead of one of the gloomier oil economists, Inverness-based Tony Mackay, noting a modest bounce-back in production this year. He points to August's figures, with oil production up nearly 2% on August 2011, and gas up 3%. Declining deficit Applied to the spreadsheets beloved of the Centre for Public Policy for Regions, at Glasgow University, the Treasury and OBR estimates point to a different trajectory for Scotland's notional deficit. That, of course, plays a prominent part in the independence referendum campaign. Including a geographic share of oil, it looks like an independent Scotland could look to its relatively strong position (that is, a smaller deficit than the UK) lasting only until next financial year. After meeting at 6% of the UK's/Scotland's GDP, the Scottish deficit would then decline more slowly than that of the UK. By this reckoning, austerity is on track to take the UK deficit down to 1.6% of GDP by 2017-18, while the Scottish deficit (applying similar austerity measures) would be at 3.5% by that year. Where's our oil fund? CPPR underlines the consensus that now exists around the case for an oil and gas revenue fund, and the regret that the Treasury in London has used the offshore energy revenue for current expenditure. Where is our Norway-style oil fund, ask nationalists? It may be a rhetorical question, but let's spell out the answer: the money paid in the 1980s for the high cost of unemployment and of the massive transition away from old industries. It was then used to keep taxes lower than they would otherwise have been. If you're of a neo-liberal economic outlook, keeping taxes down was the most efficient use for all that money. If you're not, it probably looks like a prime example of short-termism and a huge wasted opportunity. Either way, both the UK Treasury and those who look to an independent Scottish one are tied into the need for the oil revenue to keep funding current spending. Without it, CPPR says Scotland would be running a £16.6bn deficit this year, or 13% of GDP. Turbine trends Let's not forget Scotland's energy story in 2012 has also featured lots more in renewable power. With more wind blowing this year than last, and with more turbines being plugged into the grid, we learned today that production in 2011 reached 36% of Scotland's electricity needs. Note: that's spread over a year. Because it's intermittent, there were times when it was producing very little of Scotland's needs. When the wind blows, it gets exported - in total, 26% of it - but there's still a need to ensure a baseload, either in Scotland or at the other end of a high-capacity grid connection. Up to September this year, the Whitehall departmental figures point to a 15% increase in Scotland's renewable output. And that's with plans being put in place to treble capacity. Today has seen two lending deals announced by the new Green Investment Bank, headquartered in Edinburgh. That's been set up by the UK government because of doubts that the private sector has confidence to put the necessary finance in place to meet big renewable targets. If it can, in 2013 and beyond, stand by for a lot more turbines. You can also comment or follow Douglas Fraser on Twitter: @BBCDouglsFraser

साल में पीछे मुड़कर देखने पर, दो चीजें सामने आती हैं। एक निरंतर मंदी का ऊबड़-खाबड़, अनिश्चित मार्ग है, और एक बढ़ता हुआ एहसास है कि इसे और भी बहुत कुछ करना है। दूसरा ऊर्जा क्षेत्र में बहुत अधिक गतिविधि रही है।


Middlesbrough by-election candidates named

Summary: Four candidates have been announced for this month's parliamentary by-election in Middlesbrough.

The Conservatives have selected Ben Houchen, while John Malcolm will stand for the Trade Union and Socialist Coalition, it was confirmed earlier. Andy McDonald was chosen by Labour, and George Selmer is the Liberal Democrat candidate. The 29 November election follows the death of Sir Stuart Bell. Sir Stuart had been the town's Labour MP since 1983 and died following a short illness.

मिडल्सब्रो में इस महीने होने वाले संसदीय उपचुनाव के लिए चार उम्मीदवारों की घोषणा की गई है।


Internet of things blurs the line between bits and atoms

Summary: Imagine googling your home to find your child's lost toy.

By Katia MoskvitchScience and technology reporter, BBC News Or remotely turning on the tumble dryer for yet another cycle - after it has texted you that the clothes were still damp. Or your plant tweeting you to be watered. It might have been sci-fi just a decade ago, but with the internet forcing its way into every aspect of our lives, cyberspace is leaking out into the real world. In the past few months, companies ranging from giants such as Google to small start-ups have been touting the possibility of interconnecting people and objects - lightbulbs, fridges, cars, buildings - to create an internet of things. Many say this is a trend bound to hit us all in the near future. "Some of the things that are possible are truly unbelievable," says Constantine Valhouli from the Hammersmith Group, a strategy consulting firm. "We've moved from a desktop internet to mobile phones and mobile internet - the next step is buildings and objects, enabling us to communicate with them directly or enabling them to even bypass people entirely and communicate directly with each other." Imagine a production line where machines alert one another about production problems or bottlenecks, or cars that warn each other about driving conditions or a crash on the road ahead. Smart minibars And it is already happening. In an increasing number of places, "things" are getting on the net. A number of American universities use the eSuds online laundry service, letting students manage their laundry over the internet - this way they know when it is their turn, avoiding a long wait with a basket of smelly shirts. In a smart LED-equipped wine rack called WineM, every bottle has an RFID tag, and the rack is connected to the internet to let the owner know when a bottle has been removed. The rack can also organise the bottles in any combination, and if you want specific wine for a party, the LEDs in the rack will light up the bottles you asked for. Internet-enabled smart buildings communicate with people through sensors, prompting them to save energy by optimising the heating and cooling systems. A handful of hotels already offer their clients the experience of a connected, tech-savvy holiday or business trip. One such place is the four-star Hotel 1000 in Seattle. It opened five years ago, and technology was on the designers' mind from the get-go. "We have many different elements that talk to each other through the internet, using a fully converged network that operates on a Cisco platform," explains the hotel's spokesperson Tawny Paperd. "For example, we have a system that controls all of our heating, ventilation and air conditioning, so that we're able to schedule the temperature in all of our meeting spaces using the internet, and don't waste energy on empty rooms," she adds. It is not limited to that. All the rooms have a "Do not Disturb" button or "Make-up the Room" button. When the button is pushed, a message is sent to housekeeping. Minibars at the hotel are all wired up, too. When a guest removes an item from the minibar for more than a minute, it connects with the front desk to put the charge on the guest's bill. It also lets the hotel staff know a person's preferences. "We have a guest today that's celebrating her 100th stay at the hotel," says Ms Paperd. "We were able to look at what she usually consumes and put more of these items in her minibar." Another example is The Peninsula Hotel chain. This group of luxury hotels has a team of 27 designers led by Ingvar Herland who work at a hub in Hong Kong, aiming to constantly remake the hotels so they keep at the cutting edge of technology. At Peninsula Tokyo, for example, all the discreet individual systems that are separate and analogue in a traditional hotel - entertainment, web, television, etc, are digital and related. Imagine being on a business trip and after a long day, relaxing in your room watching a movie and listening to music. Suddenly there is a phone call - as soon as you pick up, the entertainment system is muted, so that you can immediately switch into a professional mode. "The internet is becoming more and more important for retrieving content," explains Mr Herland. "Many services like news feeds, weather, flight information, local information, etc, will come from the internet, so the internet will become more and more important for the in-room information and entertainment," he adds. The next project for the team is a bedside screen that will enable guests to connect to different objects in the room and in the entire hotel, switching on the TV, dimming the lights and ordering food through the web. Going social Keen on exploring the opportunities that the internet of things offers, numerous start-ups have been trying to join the game - some with more success than others. French firm Violet was one of the pioneers of smarter homes, equipping gadgets such Nabaztag - an electronic wifi-enabled device that looks like a rabbit - with RFID tags and connecting them to the web. Among other things, the rabbit reads out e-mails, downloads weather forecasts and can monitor RSS feeds set up by their owners. Another start-up, a Spanish company called Symplio Lifestyle Technologies, went a step further and embraced one of the most popular aspects of today's technological world - the social web. "A lot of sports teams and celebrities have promotional products such as t-shirts, cups, etc, and they also have a lot of activity on social networks," explains Mr Inaki Vazquez. "So we're creating physical objects that have a shape related to a team or a celebrity, and that are connected to their page or social network. "The object will change its shape, have a light go up or produce a sound when something happens on the social network." For instance, adds Mr Vazquez, the company develops a device linked to the Facebook fan page of football club Real Madrid. Owners will not need to go online to see what is happening with their team - one glance at the device will be enough, with lights brimming or shape changing, reflecting the team's Facebook activity. Sewer challenge One of the best-known firms making software for the internet of things is called Pachube. It works directly with hardware developers to connect physical objects and the internet in the most unusual and innovative ways. Leif Percifield, founder of dontflush.me is one of their clients, working on a project to help reduce polluted water entering New York City waterways. "New York City has a mostly combined sewer system, where sanitary wastewater and storm water share the same pipes," says Mr Percifield. "This causes a problem when it rains, as the system is not designed to handle the excess flow - at these times the system overflows into the nearest waterway. "The goal of the project is to inform citizens when the sewer system is nearing capacity or already overflowing and for them to reduce the production of wastewater." Mr Percifield's company plans to install sensors at the sewer system's overflow locations. Using mobile phone technology, they will relay water levels and the state of the floodgates, sending text updates to Pachube every minute to accurately track the water level as it rises during a storm. A second device then alerts the public to the state of the sewer system. "I've been calling it an internet-connected light bulb or "bulbuino", that works by receiving a signal from a radio transmitter that relays the sewer level data from Pachube," says Mr Percifield. "As the level rises, the colour of the light changes - and this allows for a much more constant connection between the users of the system and the data." When people see that the sewer is overflowing, they can make the choice to save water - by delaying washing clothes or running the dishwasher, reducing the number of toilet flushes or using bath water to refill the toilet tank, says Mr Percifield. The inventor hopes to get the first sensor installed shortly, and - provided he gets funding - to put in more sensors and build more light bulb devices. Whichever direction companies will take to explore the concept of the internet of things, the opportunities are endless, says Constantine Valhouli from The Hammersmith Group. From smartphones to electronic rabbits to buildings and cars, it can go all the way to actually browsing our world. "In short - we're blurring the division between bits and atoms," says Mr Valhouli. "This technology has the ability to possibly do something tremendous."

अपने बच्चे के खोए हुए खिलौने को खोजने के लिए अपने घर में गूगल करने की कल्पना करें।


Picture power: The drowning man

Summary: When the crew of Sea-Watch 3 received a distress call from an inflatable boat off the coast of Tripoli, photographer Alessio Paduano was on hand to record the event. Here he describes how he captured the moment a man crossing the Mediterranean Sea from Libya to Europe was plucked to safety.

Phil CoomesPicture editor@philcoomeson Twitter "It was about 11.30 and we were 30 miles from Libya, so in international waters. After seeing a racing inflatable boat with migrants on board, Sea-Watch 3 launched two rescue boats - I was inside one of these. "It was a dramatic situation and after crossing the sea for a few hundred metres I already heard the desperate screams coming from everywhere. The screams felt even more deafening in the silence of the sea. "The people on the water swam with all their strength to stay afloat, and one of the most troubled ones was fortunately very close to us. He could hardly keep his head out of the water. "When I took this picture I heard his breathing interrupted by the water that was going into his mouth. The sounds of that breath are still in my head. "As a human being I always hope not to attend dramatic scenes, but as a photojournalist I cannot avoid to be a witness of what I see, even if it goes very badly. "It was a strong emotional moment but fortunately after a while our rescue raft approached him, now almost drowned, and the crew of Sea-Watch 3, with no small effort, was able to pull him out of the sea." You can see more work by Alessio Paduano on his website

जब सी-वॉच 3 के चालक दल को त्रिपोली के तट पर एक हवा वाली नाव से एक संकटपूर्ण कॉल आया, तो फोटोग्राफर एलेसियो पादुआनो घटना को रिकॉर्ड करने के लिए हाथ में थे। यहाँ उन्होंने वर्णन किया है कि कैसे उन्होंने उस क्षण को कैद किया जब एक व्यक्ति को लीबिया से यूरोप तक भूमध्य सागर पार करते हुए सुरक्षित स्थान पर ले जाया गया था।


The hunt for rocks from space

Summary: In a hunt that makes the proverbial needle in a haystack look like easy quarry, scientists have begun the search for remains of a suspected meteor which lit up the skies over the south-western US this week. How do they know where to start looking, and why do they bother?

By Daniel NasawBBC News Magazine, Washington The meteor, which appeared as a dazzling streak of flame, was probably a chunk of space rock about the size of a football, scientists say. They believe tiny pieces of the meteor - meteorites - could have survived the fall to Earth, and they have begun gathering data to aid the search. The fireball flew eastward over southern California, was observed in Nevada and Arizona, and was last seen disintegrating in the sky over Phoenix, the Arizona state capital, according to media reports, eyewitnesses and astronomers. Many of those who saw the phenomenon telephoned the authorities after capturing it on mobile phone cameras. The footage spread across Twitter and the news media on Thursday. "It was closer than a shooting star, and you could see it breaking up into pieces," said Sgt Mark Clark of the Scottsdale, Arizona police department, who witnessed it. If found, those meteorites could yield further clues about the origins of our solar system and the chemistry and physical make-up of other celestial bodies. 'Building blocks' "Most meteorites are older than any of the rocks that are found on the earth," said Prof Peter Brown, professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Western Ontario. "They are essentially the primordial building blocks of the solar system." The fireball was most likely caused by a piece of space rock travelling about up to 20 miles (32km) per second, about 30 miles high when it burned up, scientists said. "Fireballs happen somewhere on the Earth every day," said Paul Chodas, a research scientist with Nasa's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. "This one was over a populated area, on a convenient time, in the early evening, and so it was widely seen and reported." It appeared at about 1945 local time on Wednesday (0245 GMT, Thursday). Scientific investigators are expected to consult a variety of sources as they try to get to the bottom of the fireball and attempt to narrow the meteorite search area. These include eyewitnesses and a range of records and instruments, including satellites, astronomical cameras, radar, amateur video, CCTV and even dashboard cameras on police cars. "Our colleagues will try to gather data and videos that they can use to triangulate the path and then they will be able to calculate where the meteorites are likely to be found," said Mr Chodas. "With just word of mouth descriptions, it's not enough." Crowdsourced search Meteorites that survive the fiery fall through the Earth's atmosphere continue travelling tens of kilometres before they finally hit the ground. To find them, searchers also take into account the direction and speed of winds high in the earth's atmosphere. Once a search area has been modelled, often scientists will in effect crowdsource the meteorite hunt, asking local residents about damaged roofs and cars and asking them to join the search. "The trouble is there are lots of rocks all over the world, and the vast majority of unusual rocks that people think might be a meteorite do not pan out," said Alan MacRobert, senior editor at Sky and Telescope Magazine. "If it attracts a magnet at all, if it has a thin, darkened, molten crust just a millimetre or two thick, that's a good sign." In 2000, researchers in Canada's Yukon territory recovered 1kg of meteorites from a 25 sq mile (64 sq km) area, after a local pilot discovered the first fragments while driving across a frozen lake. Jim Brook collected the samples without touching them, grabbing them in plastic bags and storing them in his freezer until he could provide them to the meteor scientists. Eight years later, a team of more than 40 searchers, including students and staff from the University of Khartoum, found 47 meteorites in the Nubian desert of northern Sudan. Astronomers had tracked the falling body through space from a telescope in Arizona, then predicted the broad area of its impact. Where to look Eyewitnesses in the town of Wadi Halfa and at a train station between there and Khartoum reported witnessing the fireball, and US government satellites also sensed it. "We just lined 45 people up and did a foot search," said Dr Peter Jenniskens, a meteor astronomer with the Seti Institute in California, who helped lead the hunt. "We had everybody about 10-20 metres apart and started walking the desert." It took about two hours, "but that was because we knew where to look". Dr Brown of the University of Western Ontario, who is familiar with the Sudan meteorites, said the space rocks were found within 100m of their predicted target. With the Arizona fireball - should it have dropped meteorites - researchers will be aided by the fact it would have fallen over a more densely populated area relative to northern Canada and the Sudanese desert, scientists say. "We've populated our country so densely there's a chance something may have fallen into a building or a car," Dr Jenniskens said. "It would be a great help."

घास के ढेर में एक कहावत की सुई को आसान खदान की तरह दिखाने वाले शिकार में, वैज्ञानिकों ने एक संदिग्ध उल्कापिंड के अवशेषों की खोज शुरू कर दी है जिसने इस सप्ताह दक्षिण-पश्चिमी अमेरिका में आसमान को रोशन कर दिया है। वे कैसे जानते हैं कि कहाँ देखना शुरू करना है, और वे क्यों परेशान करते हैं?


Wikileaks: Barriers to possible US Assange prosecution

Summary: The US government will face significant legal and diplomatic hurdles if it attempts to prosecute Wikileaks founder Julian Assange in connection with the massive internet dump of secret US documents, legal scholars, defence lawyers and former prosecutors say.

By Daniel NasawBBC News, Washington The US authorities have made it clear they hope to prosecute him in the US over the release of thousands of classified diplomatic cables. US Attorney General Eric Holder said officials were pursuing a "very serious criminal investigation" into the matter. Recent reports indicate the US justice department may be seeking to indict him on charges of conspiring to steal documents with Private First Class Bradley Manning, a US soldier who is currently awaiting trial on charges he provided classified material to Wikileaks. Yet while Mr Assange has widely acknowledged his role in disseminating classified documents, legal experts say US criminal statutes and case law do not cleanly apply to his case. And extradition treaties covering the US, UK and Sweden make it difficult to transfer people accused of espionage and other "political" crimes, presenting a challenge for the Department of Justice if it should seek to remove him to the US for trial. In the past, US espionage law has been used to prosecute US officials who provided secrets to foreign governments or foreign spies who pursued US secrets. But Mr Assange, an Australian citizen, former computer hacker and self-described journalist, did not work for the US government, has no known links to foreign governments, and operates on the internet, by all accounts far from US soil. Proof of harm No single US law makes it a crime specifically to disclose classified government documents. Were the US to charge Mr Assange with espionage, prosecutors would have to prove Mr Assange was aware the leaks could harm US national security, or show he had a hand in improperly obtaining them from the government. "That act is a difficult act to prosecute people under, especially someone who might be considered a journalist, as he would argue he is," said Gabriel Schoenfeld, a senior fellow at the Hudson Institute and author of Necessary Secrets: National Security, the Media, and the Rule of Law. In only one known instance has the US prosecuted for espionage individuals who were neither in a position of trust with the government nor agents of a foreign power. That effort ended in failure. In 2005, two pro-Israel lobbyists associated with Aipac, an Israeli interest group, were indicted and accused of obtaining government information and spreading it to colleagues, journalists and Israeli diplomats. But prosecutors dropped the charges after a judge ruled they would have to prove the pair knew distributing the information would hurt the US. In Mr Assange's case, lawyer Baruch Weiss, who represented the pro-Israel lobbyists, noted in a Washington Post article that Secretary of Defence Robert Gates has said the leaked diplomatic cables were embarrassing but would have only "modest" consequences for US foreign policy. In addition, in November Mr Assange contacted US Ambassador in London Louis Susman asking for help redacting information that could put individuals at risk. When the US government refused, Mr Assange wrote he therefore concluded the risk of harm was "fanciful" while stating he had no interest in hurting US national security. Collusion? Apart from an espionage charge, the US could prosecute Mr Assange in connection with the initial removal of the documents from US government computers, an approach that reports indicate is increasingly likely. Pte Manning, a US Army intelligence analyst, is currently jailed at a Marine Corps base in Virginia, awaiting a court martial on charges he leaked classified material to Wikileaks in violation of military law. The New York Times reported this week that prosecutors were looking into whether Mr Assange had colluded with Pte Manning, encouraging or aiding him in the initial leak. If he is found to have done so, that action could potentially make him liable as a conspirator under statutes criminalising the taking of government secrets, records or property, rather than a mere recipient or publisher. "The conspiracy would turn on whether or not there turned out to be concrete proof of real collusion or even direction of Manning" by Mr Assange, said Paul Rosenzweig, a former homeland security official under President George W Bush and a consultant on legal and national security issues at the Heritage Foundation. But the government would probably want to see more than mere encouragement from Mr Assange, because encouraging sources to provide secret information is what journalists do every day, Mr Rosenzweig said, and courts would be wary of criminalising such activity. Rather, Mr Rosenzweig said, the government would prefer evidence Mr Assange had given Pte Manning technical help or other substantive aid. 'Leaks rarely punished' If Mr Assange were convicted, on appeal he could claim that he is a journalist afforded free speech protections under the US constitution - and would have a strong defence, some legal experts say. "Leaks of classified information to the press have only rarely been punished as crimes, and we are aware of no case in which a publisher of information obtained through unauthorized disclosure by a government employee has been prosecuted for publishing it," wrote Jennifer Elsea, a legal researcher for the US Congress, in a report obtained by the BBC. Mr Assange's lawyers could also argue in court that the Espionage Act does not apply to foreign nationals acting outside of US territory. But even getting Mr Assange to the US would prove troublesome, according to Jacques Semmelman, a New York lawyer and authority on extradition law. Espionage is seen as a political crime, and political offences are not subject to extradition under the US-UK, US-Sweden and UK-Sweden treaties, Mr Semmelman said. "No US extradition treaty currently in force lists espionage as an extraditable offence," wrote Ms Elsea, the legal researcher for Congress.

कानूनी विद्वानों, बचाव पक्ष के वकीलों और पूर्व अभियोजकों का कहना है कि अमेरिकी सरकार को महत्वपूर्ण कानूनी और राजनयिक बाधाओं का सामना करना पड़ेगा यदि वह गुप्त अमेरिकी दस्तावेजों के बड़े पैमाने पर इंटरनेट डंप के संबंध में विकीलीक्स के संस्थापक जूलियन असांजे पर मुकदमा चलाने का प्रयास करती है।


Power cut hits town's water supply

Summary: About 900 homes in a Gloucestershire town were left without water or with low water pressure after a power cut at a pumping station.

Thames Water said the areas affected were in the GL7 and GL54 postcode areas of Cirencester. A spokesman for the firm said: "We are really sorry for the disruption and we are working hard to fix the problem as soon as possible." Bottled water is being offered while engineers fix the problem. Although the issue has been fixed the firm said it could be a number of hours before full supply returns to the network. It is hoped supply will return to normal by Monday morning. Bottled water has been made available at Cirencester Primary School, Cirencester Rugby Ground and Beeches Car Park in the town.

ग्लूस्टरशायर शहर में एक पंपिंग स्टेशन पर बिजली कटौती के बाद लगभग 900 घरों में पानी नहीं था या पानी का दबाव कम था।


Giant poppy installed as permanent World War One 'tribute'

Summary: A giant poppy has been installed on Douglas Head to mark the centenary of the end of World War One.

Douglas Borough Council said the floodlit fabric flower would replace previous planted versions as a "permanent tribute". A council spokesman said a war memorial on the site would also be restored and 100 metallic poppies for the town would be placed around the town. More than 8,200 Manx men served during WW1, of which 1,165 lost their lives. A plaque at the site will be unveiled during a short service in November in the run up to Armistice Day on 11 November.

प्रथम विश्व युद्ध के अंत की शताब्दी को चिह्नित करने के लिए डगलस हेड पर एक विशाल खसखस स्थापित किया गया है।


Oliver and Amelia most popular baby names in Wales

Summary: Oliver and Amelia remain the most popular names for babies born in Wales in 2014, the ONS has revealed.

For boys, Oliver has topped the list since 2013 while Amelia has been the most popular girls' name since 2012. The top 10 Welsh names for girls that year were Amelia, Olivia, Isla, Ava, Emily, Mia, Ruby, Evie, Lily and Poppy. And for the boys, Oliver, Jacob, Jack, Noah, Charlie and William, followed by Alfie, Dylan and Logan joint seventh, and Leo and Oscar joint 10th. The figures showed Oliver and Amelia were also the most popular first names given to babies born in England in 2014.

ओ. एन. एस. ने खुलासा किया है कि 2014 में वेल्स में पैदा हुए बच्चों के लिए ओलिवर और अमेलिया सबसे लोकप्रिय नाम बने हुए हैं।


Beds, Bucks and Herts snow: Schools and travel affected

Summary: Snow has been causing disruption in Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire, leading to school closures and dangerous road conditions.

Luton Airport's runway was closed for a short time but reopened at 08:00 GMT. The airport said it was open but adverse weather could cause delayed or cancelled flights. Passengers are advised to check with their airline. The A505 was blocked between Hitchin and Letchworth when 12 vehicles got stuck in snow. Two schools have been closed in Hertfordshire.

बेडफोर्डशायर, हर्टफोर्डशायर और बकिंघमशायर में बर्फबारी से व्यवधान पैदा हो रहा है, जिससे स्कूल बंद हो गए हैं और सड़क की स्थिति खतरनाक हो गई है।