Coronavirus: How are people helping each other during the outbreak?

Summary: Coronavirus is grinding the country to a halt with school and business closures and health workers stretched. Tales of shop shelves being emptied by panic buyers and government social distancing advice being ignored have brought criticism, but the outbreak is also bringing the best out in some people.

With vulnerable neighbours and relatives being told to self-isolate, many communities are rallying around. More than 1,000 volunteer groups have been set up to help those self-isolating during the coronavirus outbreak. Tens of thousands have come forward offering to pick up shopping or deliver medicine to the most vulnerable across the country. A group of traders in Sherborne, Dorset, launched a service offering home deliveries and dog-walking. Organiser Jules Bradburn said 60 people came forward to volunteer within hours of launching. A pub in Gosport, Hampshire, has been offering toilet roll and handwash to locals after being inundated following an appeal when it ran short. The Jolly Roger ended up with 150 loo rolls which it said it would distribute. Leicestershire milkman Tony Fowler has also been delivering much more than his usual milk on his rounds to help those self-isolating. Many of his customers are over 70 so he has been giving them whatever they need, from toilet roll to light bulbs. "It's about making sure people are OK," he said. Shops have also changed their hours to create special shopping sessions for those most at risk from coronavirus. Constantine Bay Stores, near Padstow in Cornwall, now opens its doors between 08:00 and 08:30 GMT only for those born in or before 1950. Owner Christopher Keeble said he hoped it would give older shoppers "a little bit of peace of mind". Becky Wass, from Falmouth in Cornwall, went viral on social media with her postcard for people to offer help. The print-at-home template has been used across the country, with those in need able to request shopping, urgent supplies or "a friendly phone call". Many have taken it upon themselves to send messages of hope and positivity to others, with children across the country painting rainbows to put up in their windows. With many care homes suspending visits, residents have taken it upon themselves to let their families know they are coping. Residents at St Vincents Retirement Home in Ryde, Isle of Wight, wrote notes to their families which the care home shared for them. Some people have started being pen pals, including 17-year-old Gracie Stewart from Norwich who has 26 of them. She started writing letters to people 18 months ago after being diagnosed with a rare leukaemia, and urged people to "try something new". "It preoccupies you writing letters because it can be dull when you're stuck indoors all day," she said. Three grandmothers from Salford decided to move in together for the duration of their self-isolation. Dame Vera Lynn tried to cheer the nation up by recording a video to mark her 103rd birthday. Charlotte Bredael, 18, from Gosforth in Newcastle, is sending personalised videos to children as Disney princess Rapunzel. Musicians in London have been holding impromptu concerts outside the homes of those self-isolating, while traders in Norwich have been delivering goods to a couple via a basket from their balcony. Others have failed to let a global travel cancellations stop them, such as Robert Ormsby who saw a trip to Iceland collapse. He had been planning to propose to his girlfriend Patsy Murdoch in the country, but found a way to still pop the question - at their local Iceland supermarket in Tonbridge, Kent. People have also been keen to support bars, cafes and restaurants during the outbreak. A number of voucher schemes have been launched to encourage people to pay now for meals they can have when the crisis is over. Aidan's Kitchen in Newcastle got a big boost with one customer ordering 25 servings of his favourite pancake and coffee order totalling almost £250.

कोरोनावायरस देश को स्कूल और व्यवसाय बंद होने और स्वास्थ्य कार्यकर्ताओं के बढ़ने से रोक रहा है। घबराहट में खरीदारों द्वारा दुकानों की अलमारियों को खाली करने और सरकार की सामाजिक दूरी की सलाह को नजरअंदाज करने की कहानियों की आलोचना हुई है, लेकिन प्रकोप कुछ लोगों में सर्वश्रेष्ठ भी ला रहा है।


2014: The year of encryption

Summary: "The solution to government surveillance is to encrypt everything."

By Paul RubensTechnology reporter So said Eric Schmidt, Google's chairman, in response to revelations about the activities of the US National Security Agency (NSA) made by whistle-blower Edward Snowden. Schmidt's advice appears to have been heeded by companies that provide internet-based services. Microsoft, for instance, says it will have "best-in-class industry cryptography" in place for services including Outlook.com, Office 365 and SkyDrive by the end of the year, while Yahoo has announced plans to encrypt all of its customers' data, including emails, by the end of the first quarter of 2014. For many smaller businesses too, 2014 is likely to be the year of encryption. That's certainly the view of Dave Frymier, chief information security officer at Unisys, a Pennsylvania-based IT company. But he believes the driving force for this will be different: not government surveillance programmes, but the threat of attacks from hackers. Diamonds and paperclips Rather than encrypting everything, Mr Frymier advocates that companies identify what he believes is the 5%-15% of their data that is really confidential, and use encryption to protect just that. He says employees should then be barred from accessing this data using standard desktop and laptop machines or their own smartphones or tablets, which can easily be infected with malware. Access would be restricted to employees using secure "hardened" computers. "When you look at the increasing sophistication of malware, it becomes apparent that you need to establish highly protected enclaves of data. The only way to achieve that is through modern encryption, properly implemented," says Mr Frymier. "You can split your data into diamonds and paperclips, and the important thing is to encrypt the diamonds, and not to sweat the paperclips." Prakash Panjwani, a general manager at Maryland-based data protection company Safenet, also believes that the large number of high-profile data breaches in 2013 - including hacker attacks on US retailer Target, software maker Adobe, and photo messaging service Snapchat - means that 2014 will inevitably be a bumper one for encryption vendors. "Snowden has focused attention on surveillance issues, but the real threat is organised crime and the number of data breaches that are occurring," he says. "Companies are going to come under extreme pressure from boards, customers and regulators in 2014 to take action so that if there is a data breach they can say, 'We didn't lose any data because it was encrypted.'" Keeping the regulator happy A large number of companies already use encryption to protect the data they store on their own systems "at rest", as well as data "in flight" as it is sent over networks to customers, other data centres, or for processing or storage in the cloud. But Ramon Krikken, an analyst at Gartner, believes that the way encryption is used by many of these companies is likely to change in 2014. "Companies are certainly going to have to take encryption more seriously thanks to the Snowden revelations," he says. "At the moment many companies are using encryption for compliance reasons, not for security. They are not using it to protect their data, but because it is the easiest way to comply with regulations: encryption is the auditor's and the regulator's favourite check box item." 'Back doors' One question that companies will need to consider is which encryption algorithm or cipher to use to best encrypt their data. It's an important question as some older ciphers can now be "cracked" relatively quickly using the computing power in a standard desktop PC. And there is a question mark over whether the NSA may have deliberately used its influence to weaken some encryption systems - or even to introduce "back doors" that provide easy access to encrypted data to anyone who knows of their existence. "The problem is that even if you can inspect the source code, it is certainly not a given that you would be able to spot a back door," Mr Krikken says. He believes it is more important to establish where all the parts of an encryption solution come from. "If you procure software or hardware from overseas, from a country with a government which does not have your best interests at heart, you need to remember that it may not be as secure as you think," Mr Krikken says. "So you have to decide who you trust, and find out where the vendor gets all the parts of its product from." Don't be cheap Another thing companies need to consider when they implement encryption is how strong the encryption should be. Using a longer encryption key makes it harder for hackers or governments to crack the encryption, but it also requires more computing power. But Robert Former, senior security consultant for Neohapsis, an Illinois-based security services company, says many companies are overestimating the computational complexity of encryption. "If you have an Apple Mac, your processor spends far more time making OS X looks pretty than it does doing crypto work." He therefore recommends using encryption keys that are two or even four times longer than the ones many companies are currently using. "I say use the strongest cryptography that your hardware and software can support. I guarantee you that the cost of using your available processing power is less than the cost of losing your data because you were too cheap to make the crypto strong enough," he says. "No-one ever got fired for having encryption that was too strong."

"सरकारी निगरानी का समाधान सब कुछ कूटबद्ध करना है।"


Pike River: The 29 coal miners who never came home

Summary: The Pike River mining disaster was a tragedy that shocked the world. Twenty-nine men who were in the New Zealand coal mine died when it collapsed in a series of explosions. The BBC's Phil Mercer covered the accident 10 years ago and has been talking to families of victims still coming to terms with their loss.

The day after his 17th birthday, Joseph Ray Dunbar began his first shift underground at the Pike River coal mine in New Zealand. He was a "strong-minded boy" who wanted to carve his own path in life, but on that day in November 2010 he became the youngest victim of a mining disaster that killed 29 men. Their bodies have never been recovered, and a decade later the teenager's father Dean is still looking for answers. "In a modern society you don't wipe out 29 men and just walk away," he told the BBC. "Joseph's legacy is righting the wrongs of the past whether it be by government agencies, police or politicians." In 2012, a Royal Commission found the miners and contractors were exposed to "unacceptable risk" and that "there were numerous warnings of a potential catastrophe at Pike River," but there have been no prosecutions. The inquiry concluded the men "died immediately, or shortly afterwards" from a methane gas blast or the "toxic atmosphere". Two workers did manage to escape the blast and survived. News of an accident at the mine in the Paparoa Ranges began to emerge in the middle of the afternoon on Friday, 19 November, 2010. Family members soon gathered, and in the hours and days that followed, there was hope that the men might still be alive, although the authorities said a rescue mission was too dangerous. A nation prayed for another mining miracle. A few months earlier, 33 miners in Chile's Atacama Desert had been pulled out alive after being trapped underground for 69 days. "That was totally on my mind the whole time," explained Anna Osborne, whose husband, Milton, died at Pike River. "I saw how successfully those Chilean miners were rescued and I thought if they can all come out alive, it can happen to us. But little did I know that that mine (in Chile) wasn't a gassy one." For five long days the families waited. As a reporter sent to cover the story at the time, it was excruciating for me to watch their anguish and frustration grow. There would be no rescue, and on 24 November another explosion ripped through the mine, and all hope was gone. Ms Osborne told the BBC that she is "still fighting to get the truth and still wondering why our guys were allowed underground when the mine was so volatile (and) was a ticking time bomb." Not all of the families want the men's remains to be recovered, but she said it would be a great comfort to bring her husband home. "He was working in the south (part of the mine), which was flooded. My husband couldn't swim, so he hated the water and I close my eyes every night and visualise him floating in this water that he hated so much and I just thought I can't have him down there. If we can, I would like as many men to be retrieved," she added. The Pike River Recovery Agency is a government department that has re-entered the so-called drift, a 2.3km (1.4 miles) tunnel that connects the entrance of the mine to the working areas and coal seams. It is looking for clues that might help explain the explosions and to "help prevent future mining tragedies." Re-entering the mine was delayed by safety concerns. The end of the drift is blocked by a huge mass of fallen rock. This roof collapse was caused by the ignition of methane, and there are no plans for the agency to move further into the mine where most, if not all, of the bodies remain. "The Agency's mandate from the government did not include recovering beyond the drift access tunnel," said a PRRA spokesperson. "It remains less likely that we will recover human remains." "That rockfall is impenetrable," said Tony Kokshoorn, the former mayor of the local Grey District. "The 29 miners are in the coal mine proper. At least they are all together and that is their final resting place." "Many of the families want them to be together in there because it would have been pretty tough on a lot of families if some had come out and the others couldn't come out." The police inquiry into the disaster is continuing, with a spokesperson saying they "remain committed to a full and thorough investigation into events" and will everything they can to "provide answers". The grief was felt far beyond New Zealand's rugged West Coast by bereaved families in Australia, Scotland and South Africa. The mine will almost certainly never reopen, but Bernie Monk, whose 23-year old son Michael died in the disaster, wants one, final push to bring the men out. "The times that I went up to the mine portal with anniversaries, I swore and declared and I looked down that tunnel, and I said to them, 'we're coming to get you guys out'. It was an emotional day for me when I first went down into the mine," he said. "We're are only 50 to 100 metres away from them. I think we've got a right to go and get those men," Mr Monk told the BBC. Out of tragedy comes pain, anger and calls for accountability and change. It is 10 years since Anna Osborne's husband, affectionately known as Milt, never came home, and she continues to agitate for stronger health and safety laws, and for employers to be prosecuted when things go wrong. "We have had 700 people lose their lives in workplace accidents since Pike River. That is like a Pike River every five months in New Zealand," she said. But above all else there is a sadness that may never fade. "I love him so much. It still hurts. It is still very, very raw."

पाइक नदी खनन आपदा एक त्रासदी थी जिसने दुनिया को चौंका दिया। न्यूजीलैंड की कोयला खदान में उनतीस लोगों की मौत हो गई जब यह विस्फोटों की एक श्रृंखला में ढह गई। बीबीसी के फिल मर्सर ने 10 साल पहले हुई दुर्घटना को कवर किया और पीड़ितों के परिवारों से बात कर रहे हैं जो अभी भी अपने नुकसान को समझ रहे हैं।


Christmas Island: In search of Britain's nuclear legacy

Summary: In 1957, the British military began conducting nuclear tests in the Pacific Ocean and based themselves on Christmas Island. The tests ended six years later and parts of the island were sealed off for decades. What signs are left of its dramatic history?

By John PickfordBBC News, Kiritimati Main Camp: The name is all that is left of the British military headquarters of 50 years ago. Christmas Island's only hotel, the Captain Cook, stands there now. The searing east wind blows and the ocean swell booms ceaselessly on the reef, like a distant train in a tunnel. There is a ruined church of coral rock close by. An inscription, etched in cement, invites Church Notices. Who pinned up the last one and what did it say? Christmas Island has gone through a lot of change. It is now part of the Oceanic state of Kiribati (pronounced Kiribas) with a capital in distant Tarawa, a day's flight away via Fiji. And it has a new name, Kiritimati. The people of Kiribati, formerly the Gilbert Islands, have difficulty pronouncing the letter S. So Christmas becomes Kritmat, and then Kiritimati - a new name is born. Most significant is the increase in the human population, now approaching 10,000. There are more vehicles today than there were people in 1958. Concerns have been raised about the island's carrying capacity due to its unreliable water supply, but the Kiribati government has continued to encourage resettlement from overcrowded Tarawa. Some fear this poses a 21st Century threat to Christmas Island's environment. There are new schools, a bank and even a small hospital. I spoke to a tired looking doctor, the island's obstetrician. How many babies in a week? "Oh not many, about 10," she says. That is 500 in a year. But for others connected with this island, time has stood still. Trevor Butler, now 75, went out aged 20 as a sapper with the Royal Engineers. After his return he developed a cataract in his right eye and for much of his life he has been trying, and failing, to get compensation from the Ministry of Defence for what he alleges was harmful exposure to radiation during his military service. He is a vigorous, determined man and still fascinated by the island. Before my departure he asked me if I would see if there was anything left of the structures he had helped build during his time there. A few weeks later I am on Kiritimati in a lorry heading south. To my left is the deep blue of the ocean and to my right mile after mile of salt-bush scrub, a rich green after recent rain. The road is remarkably good, considering it is 50 years old. Then I remember Trevor telling me they added cement to the tarmacadam to help it set. I am with William from the Wildlife Department and we are driving to the remote south-east tip of the island, once ominously called the Forward Zone. It was high in the atmosphere over this area or just offshore that the bombs were detonated, and for decades it was sealed off. William traps feral cats out here because they are a threat to the sea bird colonies and he says he has seen something I might find interesting. We have driven fast for two hours - this is the biggest coral atoll on earth - but now slow to a walking pace. It is the birds. Sooty terns. Tens of thousands of them, in the air and on the ground. A glorious, teeming, deafening cacophony. Did they really explode an atom bomb over this? Well they did, and there must have been a moment after the flash when there was silence. William stops the lorry and we begin walking into the scrub. It is taller than we are so it is like entering a maze. What we are looking for has something to do with the giant tethers that were constructed for a couple of the atom bombs which were suspended from balloons and detonated, rather than dropped as air bursts from planes. The sun is setting and I am beginning to get worried we are lost, when William calls out: "Here!" It is a massive slab of concrete about 50 metres square with huge rusted steel rings set into it. In the middle there are six bigger rings close together. I suddenly think of Trevor with his shovel, stripped to the waist in his army shorts like in the photos he showed me. There was a major clean-up of remaining military debris in 2006 but this looks unmoveable. The thing is so extraordinary and in some respects so bizarre in that wild, bleak place that you cannot help but be impressed. You wonder what a visitor from space might make of it or an archaeologist in 500 years with no knowledge of our civilisation. You would have to explain so much: that there was something called a Cold War going on and a once great imperial power was struggling to keep up. How to listen to From Our Own Correspondent: BBC Radio 4: Saturdays at 11:30 and some Thursdays at 11:00. You can also listen online or download the podcast. BBC World Service: Short editions Monday-Friday - see the World Service programme schedule. You can follow the Magazine on Twitter and on Facebook

1957 में, ब्रिटिश सेना ने प्रशांत महासागर में परमाणु परीक्षण करना शुरू किया और खुद को क्रिसमस द्वीप पर स्थापित किया। परीक्षण छह साल बाद समाप्त हो गए और द्वीप के कुछ हिस्सों को दशकों तक बंद कर दिया गया। इसके नाटकीय इतिहास के क्या संकेत बचे हैं?


Amazon Kindle Oasis: Does the world want a £270 e-reader?

Summary: It has a good claim to being the most daring and innovative technology company of the last 20 years. It has launched at least two world-changing businesses - an online retailer of breathtaking scale and efficiency and a cloud computing service that has changed the way thousands of businesses work. But why on Earth is Amazon launching another Kindle, and who on Earth is going to pay £270 for it?

Rory Cellan-JonesTechnology correspondent@BBCRoryCJon Twitter That was what came into my head as a group of Amazon executives showed me their latest e-reader this week. I'd come to the warehouse in Hoxton - London's Hipster Central, where Amazon's fashion division is based - on the promise of learning about the tech firm's next giant leap forward. I'd rather hoped to hear that the Echo, a fascinating product which puts a virtual assistant inside a speaker, was coming to the UK. Instead I am ushered into a library with a white table where the entire history of the Kindle is laid out, from the 2007 original, a chunky slab with a keyboard, to the slimline touchscreen Voyage. And then the new product, the Oasis is brought out. It is a thing of beauty - slim and light, with a bright, very readable screen, the same page-size as previous Kindles but presented so that the rest of the device seems to melt away. Amazon's vice-president for industrial design, Chris Green, explains that the gold standard is paper, and that the Oasis takes the company another step towards that. "Our goal is to get the device out of the way and just give you the content.. It's the best reading device we have ever made." The Wigan-born designer of all of Amazon's devices makes an eloquent case for the technology and craftsmanship which has gone into building the Oasis. He raves about the back of the e-ink display: "200 microns - thinner than a sheet of tin foil" and about the "matrix of components" that makes for the perfect reading experience. But then I come to the price - £270 (ok, £269.99) for an e-reader! You can get a very nice illuminated touchscreen Kobo for £139, and Amazon's budget version of the Kindle costs just £59.99. And when I canvass opinions amongst colleagues I got this: "Blooming heck" (I paraphrase), "£270 just to read a book?" Then: "Think of all the books I could buy for that." And perhaps most pertinently: "I've got a phone, I've got a tablet, why do I need a Kindle?" These days, you can read Kindle books on all sorts of devices, so why buy something separate? Back at the Hoxton warehouse, the Amazon team concedes that there is a smaller market for e-readers than smartphones, but insists there is still a demand for Kindles, and even for a luxury-priced version like the Oasis. "This isn't going to be our highest volume device, we know that," says Jorrit Van der Meulen, who runs the devices business in Europe. "But for the people who buy it, you're absolutely not going to be able to prise it out of their hands." The other question is whether the demand for digital books and hence for e-readers has now peaked. The Bookseller reports that UK sales of digital books by the five biggest publishers actually shrank in 2015, although Amazon is keen to stress that self-publishing on Kindle is soaring, and that it's handing more royalties direct to authors. And while Waterstones' boss James Daunt described sales of Kindles as "pitiful" last October when he removed them from the shelves in his stores, Amazon tells me "the e-reader business continues to grow". What is clear is that selling digital books and e-readers is now just a small part of this technology behemoth's activities and likely to get less significant in the future. Why then the big hoopla over the Kindle Oasis, with Jeff Bezos teasing today's big announcement in a tweet last week? Perhaps because the Kindle was Amazon's first and still most successful venture into hardware, and the signal that it was much more than just a very skilled online retailer. The first version sold out within two hours and instantly made Amazon the leader in the move to digital publishing. Later gadgets - tablets, TV streaming devices, and the ill-fated phone - have had a more mixed reception and have not had the same impact on their markets. Or perhaps the hard-driving Mr Bezos is still just a little sentimental about books and reading. After all, they are the foundation on which his empire was built. "It's right at the core of our DNA, we started selling books," Van der Meulen admits. But he says this is not about the boss's attachment to the past: "He loves to read, he loves devices but this isn't anything for Jeff, this is years and years of focusing on our customers." Bezos has said in the past that Amazon's devices are sold at cost - they are designed to sell content rather than to be money-spinners in themselves - and his team insists that the same applies to the Oasis. But it's hard not to think that this Rolls-Royce of an e-reader is a monument to Amazon's past, rather than a signpost to its future.

यह पिछले 20 वर्षों की सबसे साहसी और नवीन प्रौद्योगिकी कंपनी होने का अच्छा दावा करती है। इसने कम से कम दो विश्व-परिवर्तनकारी व्यवसाय शुरू किए हैं-लुभावने पैमाने और दक्षता का एक ऑनलाइन खुदरा विक्रेता और एक क्लाउड कंप्यूटिंग सेवा जिसने हजारों व्यवसायों के काम करने के तरीके को बदल दिया है। लेकिन पृथ्वी पर अमेज़ॅन एक और किंडल क्यों लॉन्च कर रहा है, और पृथ्वी पर कौन इसके लिए £270 का भुगतान करने जा रहा है?


Mild winter leaves mountain hare exposed in Cairngorms

Summary: A hare photographed against a snowless, green hillside has highlighted the unseasonably mild conditions in Scotland's hills this December.

The image was captured in the Southern Cairngorms on Sunday by the Sportscotland Avalanche Information Service (SAIS). The service's latest season started last week amid some of the warmest conditions experienced by its teams. However, there was snow on Sunday above 1,000ft in the Northern Cairngorms. Mountain hares change colour from brown to white to better camouflage themselves against winter snow. Also known as blue hares, they are found in the Scottish Highlands, parts of Derbyshire and throughout Ireland. SAIS avalanche forecasters photographed mountain hares in snowy scenes last winter, including one in the Southern Cairngorms in January.

एक बर्फ रहित, हरी पहाड़ी के सामने खींची गई एक खरगोश की तस्वीर ने इस दिसंबर में स्कॉटलैंड की पहाड़ियों में बेमौसम हल्की स्थितियों को उजागर किया है।


The weird world of a Kim Jong-un impersonator

Summary: Kim Jong-un has had his fair share of headlines in 2018, be it for threatening nuclear Armageddon, jousting verbally with Donald Trump, or signing peace agreements. But every time he makes the news, two very unlikely beneficiaries prepare for their phones to start ringing, writes David Cox.

Howard X, a political satirist living in Hong Kong, and Seoul-based Minyong Kim - who goes by the professional name of Dragon Kim - are the only members of what they call the Kim Jong-un Impersonators Union. For the past six years, the duo have each been cashing in on their uncanny resemblance to the North Korean leader - earning up to £10,000 a day, they say, for jobs ranging from starring in video games, opening shopping malls, and entertaining guests at billionaires' birthday parties. "Whenever Kim Jong-un does something like firing off a missile or calling Trump a 'dotard', then my phone goes with a job," Howard says. "It's always last minute, sometimes just 24 hours notice. And it can be absolutely anything." Minyong is in negotiations with Kentucky Fried Chicken about shooting a new commercial, while Howard was recently hired to appear at an event in Macau together with Trump and Putin impersonators. "They had a cake shaped as a big missile and the three of us had to crack it open," he says. When Kim Jong-un first came to power in December 2011, Minyong was still doing military service in South Korea. "It was really stressful," he remembers. "Every time Kim Jong-un would do or say something, my seniors and juniors would come to me and say, 'It's all because of you, you look like him.'" Having finished military service, though, he decided to try and embrace his resemblance to the North Korean leader. For Halloween, he persuaded an embarrassed local barber to give him Kim Jong-un's trademark haircut, bought a cheap black suit and headed out into Seoul's trendy Hongdae district. He soon found himself mobbed. "I literally had thousands of people taking photos of me and the next day I ended up all over TV," he says. "Within a month I had companies requesting to shoot commercials with me." Howard tells a similar tale of overnight fame, which began when he posted photos of himself as Kim on Facebook, one April Fool's Day. The pictures went viral and kickstarted his career, but he then faced a struggle to get the haircut right. "It was initially tricky as it's extremely hard to find a picture of the back of his head. But I did my research, printed out a load of photos, took them to a local guy and after a bit of experimenting, he perfected the look. He's now my regular stylist," he says. "But he's had to adjust his usual way of cutting in order for me to look this ridiculous - apparently it goes against every single rule for a good haircut." Looks aside, the two impersonators have very different approaches to the job. Minyong - who dreamed of being an actor as a teenager before pursuing an economics degree - is a master of accents who has perfected Kim Jong-un's precise dialect and vocal mannerisms to create as realistic a portrayal as possible. Howard, who grew up in Australia and speaks no Korean, is unashamedly provocative. His antics have ranged from asking shocked Singaporeans, "Who's the better-looking dictator, me or your prime minister?" while opening a chilli crab restaurant, to starring in a music video produced by Russian rave band Little Big, where he falls in love with, and goes to bed with, a nuclear bomb. "As an actor impersonating a bad guy, you can do stuff which, for example, an Obama impersonator could never get away with," Howard says. "So there's no bottom for me. I can say the most outrageous, politically incorrect thing, and it would be funny because it's coming from the character of Kim Jong-un." At this year's Winter Olympics he infuriated the North Korean delegation by appearing at different venues in front of their cheerleaders, waving the national flag. He was ultimately manhandled out of the ice hockey stadium. "I had no idea what they were saying at the time, but a translator later told me, they were shouting, 'How dare you do this,'" Howard remembers. "Dictatorships don't have a sense of humour." It isn't only the North Koreans who don't see the funny side. Minyong has faced criticism from South Korean charity workers trying to help North Korean refugees who have fled their country. "They're worried that by us doing this, people might develop a more positive image of Kim Jong-un," he says. "They say that would be really humiliating for people who have escaped North Korea and suffered under his government." Impersonating a dictator does come with its risks. During one trip to New York, Minyong was nearly assaulted by a member of the public who tried to punch him, believing he was actually the North Korean leader. It was only his friends, dressed as Kim Jong-un's bodyguards, who stepped in and restrained the assailant. In addition, Minyong says his growing profile across Asia has brought him to the attention of North Korean intelligence services. "One day, I found that my personal email account had been hacked," he recalls. "And my password is pretty complicated, and I'd never changed it. I checked the IP address for where it was last logged on, and it was somewhere in China. I reported it to the national intelligence agency and they said it was North Korean spies." Minyong says he briefly considered quitting altogether at the request of his family and friends. In 2014, South Korean TV reported that North Korea had warned that anyone impersonating Kim Jong-un would be punished. But Minyong found he couldn't turn his back on the money and media attention. So instead, he tries to fly beneath the radar by avoiding saying anything overly political. "I figured out that if I'm doing this, and objecting to Kim Jong-un's policies and saying bad stuff about him, I may possibly get killed or kidnapped," he says. Howard, on the other hand, is pretty bullish about any potential threats. The North Koreans can't do anything to him, he insists. "The blowback would be too much for them. I'm actually kind of disappointed that Minyong's been hacked and not me, because I've done far more than him, in terms of being insulting to the leader." Howard is actually more concerned about the fact that Minyong has often been willing to work for far cheaper rates, driving down his own potential earnings. Minyong also sometimes dresses up as Kim Jong-un for nights out in Seoul even when he's not being paid. "When I go downtown I usually dress up as Kim Jong-un, because I'm so popular that I don't even need to bring my wallet," Minyong says. "Bar owners always give me free food and drinks, people buy me food and drinks, and I get free entry and queue jump to all the famous clubs." Howard, however, isn't amused. "I refuse to do that kind of thing because it kind of cheapens the impersonation when you're working for free," he says. "I want dollars." Howard has an unlikely ally in the shape of Minyong's long-term girlfriend. She detests her boyfriend's career as a Kim Jong-un impersonator, and has begun to limit his public appearances. "I'd dress up as Kim Jong-un every day but my girlfriend hates the hairstyle," Minyong admits. "She complains every time I get a new haircut. She also hates it because when I go to bars and clubs, girls want to take photos with me, and sometimes try to hug and kiss me. We began dating before all this, and she tells me that if she knew I was going into this line of work, she never would have gone out with me. So I'm trying to minimise it and just accept things which pay really well, in order to keep her happy." But the stream of highly paid jobs shows no sign of drying up. "I told the Trump impersonator, you'd better make good money now because you've only got four, maybe eight years if you're lucky," Howard says. "But these dictators, it's a job for life. Unless he dies of high cholesterol or diabetes, I reckon I've got a good 30 years." You may also like: For their five-night stay at the Yanggakdo International Hotel in Pyongyang, Calvin Sun and the other members of his group had been supervised by their guides. Now was their last opportunity to explore the building alone. They made their way to the open rooftop and to the revolving restaurant on the top floor. Someone then noticed that the button for the fifth floor was missing... READ: The man who went to the North Korean place that 'doesn't exist' Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter.

किम जोंग-उन 2018 में सुर्खियों में रहे हैं, चाहे वह परमाणु आर्मागेडन की धमकी देने के लिए हो, डोनाल्ड ट्रम्प के साथ मौखिक रूप से लड़ाई करने के लिए हो, या शांति समझौतों पर हस्ताक्षर करने के लिए हो। लेकिन हर बार जब वह खबर बनाते हैं, तो दो बहुत ही अप्रत्याशित लाभार्थी अपने फोन बजने की तैयारी करते हैं, डेविड कॉक्स लिखते हैं।


Bordesley stabbing: Pair in 60s held over attempted murder

Summary: A man and woman in their 60s have been arrested on suspicion of attempted murder after a man was found with stab wounds on an industrial estate.

The 37-year-old is in a critical condition, police in Birmingham said. He was found on Camp Hill Industrial Estate in Bordesley at 06:30 GMT on Friday, following a disturbance earlier in Priestley Road, Sparkbrook. A man aged 65 and a woman, 60, are being questioned over what detectives believe is a domestic incident. Follow BBC West Midlands on Facebook, on Twitter, and sign up for local news updates direct to your phone.

एक औद्योगिक एस्टेट पर चाकू के घावों के साथ एक आदमी पाए जाने के बाद 60 के दशक में एक पुरुष और महिला को हत्या के प्रयास के संदेह में गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Murder bid arrest after serious assault in Sandown

Summary: A man has been arrested on suspicion of attempted murder following an attack outside a pub on the Isle of Wight.

A 49-year-old man suffered a life-threatening head injury in what police described as a "serious assault" in Sandown on Monday. Officers were called to reports of an assault outside The Old Comical in St John's Road at 19:55 BST. A 24-year-old man from Sandown is being held in custody on suspicion of attempted murder. The injured man was taken to Southampton General Hospital. Hampshire Constabulary is appealing for anyone who may have seen what happened to get in touch.

आइल ऑफ वाइट पर एक पब के बाहर हमले के बाद हत्या के प्रयास के संदेह में एक व्यक्ति को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Eurozone crisis: Why Portugal matters

Summary: The political crisis in Portugal sends a signal that the eurozone crisis is not over. The interest rate on Portugal's ten-year bonds edged above 8% today, a reminder of conditions when the crisis was at its most intense.

Gavin HewittEurope editor@BBCGavinHewitton Twitter The government in Lisbon has been zealous in following the Brussels/Berlin script by cutting spending and implementing reforms. Portugal has applied some of the fiercest tax rises and budget cuts. In Brussels it was feted as an example of a country doing everything asked of it It appears, however, that the austerity drive has reached its limits. Even within the government ministers are having doubts. The recession has shown no sign of ending. Unemployment is at 17.6%. There are 932,000 people without jobs. Thousands of graduates are leaving the country. Last week Portugal endured another general strike. Portugal has already been granted more time to reach the target for cutting its deficit. Even so the IMF has said its debt levels remain "very fragile". The level of concern could be judged by statements from the European Commission today. It called on Portugal to clarify its situation "as soon as possible". The President of the Commission, Jose Manuel Barroso, warned that the "financial credibility built up by Portugal could be jeopardised by the current political instability. If this happens it would be especially damaging for the Portuguese people..." The head of the Eurogroup (the eurozone finance ministers), Jeroen Dijsselbloem, said "the situation is worrying. So I'm calling on Portugal to take responsibility." Germany weighed in, saying it was "confident" Portugal would stick to the reforms. Politicians in Portugal are under enormous pressure to stick with the programme. Another bailout? So what is to be done? Portugal will struggle to find political consensus behind continuing with the reforms and cuts. The government might try and persuade Brussels to ease again the terms of its 78bn-euro (£66bn; $101bn) bailout, which was agreed in 2011. That will not be easy. The prime minister has already warned the Portuguese people to prepare for new sacrifices, to avoid a second bailout. The German Chancellor Angela Merkel, facing an election, may be very reluctant to contemplate a second bailout. It would raise, once again, doubts about the whole strategy. What this latest crisis underlines is just how difficult it will be for countries like Portugal to exit their bailout programme and regain access to the markets. It is not, however, just Portugal which remains in crisis. Greece is once again in trouble. The ruling coalition is fragile and the country has only a few days to demonstrate how it can meet the terms of its EU/IMF bailout. The privatisation programme, which was central to it raising funds, is faltering. New problems are emerging in the accounts of the state-run health insurer. The IMF is signalling its alarm. Greece will have to show how it can meet its targets or the IMF may withdraw from the rescue programme. That, in itself, would deepen the crisis. There are some hopeful signs. Activity in the manufacturing and service sector in much of the eurozone seems to be improving, but very slowly and, all the time, the patience of voters in many of these countries is being tested.

पुर्तगाल में राजनीतिक संकट एक संकेत देता है कि यूरो क्षेत्र का संकट समाप्त नहीं हुआ है। पुर्तगाल के दस साल के बांडों पर ब्याज दर आज 8 प्रतिशत से ऊपर हो गई, जो उन स्थितियों की याद दिलाता है जब संकट अपने सबसे तीव्र स्तर पर था।


Theft suspect held taking items from flood-hit Mytholmroyd home

Summary: A man has been arrested on suspicion of stealing from a flood-damaged property in West Yorkshire.

The 40-year-old man, from Dewsbury, was arrested at about 07:30 GMT after police received reports of a man in a white van taking items from a property in Mytholmroyd. West Yorkshire Police said the man is being held in police custody. Parts of Mytholmroyd were flooded when the River Calder bursts its banks on Boxing Day.

वेस्ट यॉर्कशायर में बाढ़ से क्षतिग्रस्त संपत्ति से चोरी करने के संदेह में एक व्यक्ति को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Award for RSC over tourism work

Summary: The Royal Shakespeare Company has been praised for its "outstanding contribution" to tourism.

The Stratford-upon-Avon company was given the award by tourism company Visit England which said it was a "shining light" in English tourism. An RSC spokeswoman said the company was passionate about encouraging audiences and visitors. The awards were given out at a ceremony in Birmingham organised by Visit England and the Caravan Club.

रॉयल शेक्सपियर कंपनी की पर्यटन में "उत्कृष्ट योगदान" के लिए प्रशंसा की गई है।


Coronavirus: What went wrong with the UK's contact tracing app?

Summary: After months of work, the UK has ditched the way its coronavirus-tracing app works, prompting a blame game between the government and two of the world's biggest tech firms. So what went wrong?

By Rory Cellan-JonesTechnology correspondent At the end of March, I got a text from a senior figure in the UK's technology industry. This person said they were helping the NHS "on a very substantial project that will launch in days and potentially save hundreds of thousands of British lives." That was the first I knew of the plan to build a contact tracing app, a project that soon appeared to be at the very centre of the government's strategy to beat coronavirus and help us all emerge from lockdown. The tech luminary had somehow assumed that I could be an adviser to the project - I made it clear that could not be my role but I was very interested in following its progress. Now, nearly three months on, after missing deadline after deadline, there has been a radical change in direction. The app that has been developed so far is being scrapped, and a new approach will be tried based on a system created by Apple and Google. But there is no guarantee when, if ever, this will be rolled out. So what went wrong? March When the team from the NHSX digital division was assembled they were told they were engaged on a vital mission. According to a presentation the team was shown the Covid-19 app would have four aims: Once installed on a user's phone, the app would use Bluetooth to keep a record of other people with whom they came into close contact - as long as they too had installed the app. Then when someone tested positive for the virus, alerts would be sent to their close contacts of recent days telling them to go into quarantine. The epidemiological expertise was provided by a team of Oxford scientists who had argued that there was an urgent need to identify people who were spreading the virus without knowing. "Very fast contact tracing was likely to be essential," says one of the Oxford team, Dr David Bonsall. "And smartphones have the technological capability to speed up that process." But using the Bluetooth connection on smartphones to detect contacts was untested technology. Still, the team was inspired by Singapore, which had released its Trace Together app using that system. Contact tracing app timeline App announced 12 April Heath Secretary Matt Hancock announces the development of "a new NHS app for contact tracing". Isle of Wight launch 5 May The app is launched on the Isle of Wight. It is downloaded by 60,000 people, under half the population of the island, over the following 10 days. Mr Hancock tells BBC Breakfast that if the trial on the Isle of Wight is successful, the app will be rolled out nationwide by the middle of May. He also says the public would have a "duty" to download the app and that 60% of people in the country would have to do so for the system to function. PM says test, track and trace will be ‘world-beating’ 20 May Prime Minister Boris Johnson tells Parliament: "We will have a test, track and trace operation that will be world-beating and yes it will be in place by 1 June." He also says there will be 25,000 trackers who "will be able to cope with 10,000 new cases a day". Contact tracing launched without app 27 May Contact-tracing system is launched without a nationwide app. Anybody who has been in close contact with someone who has tested positive will have to self-isolate for 14 days. According to government figures, in the first week tracers contact 5,407 people with the virus. Minister says: ‘I can’t give you a date’ 5 June Business Minister Nadhim Zahawi says the app tested on the Isle of Wight will "be running as soon as we think it is robust". Speaking on BBC Question Time, the minister says: "I can't give you an exact date, it would be wrong for me to do so." Asked to confirm it would be rolled out nationwide this month, he says: "I'd like to think we'd be able to manage by this month, yes." Minister says the app ‘isn’t the priority’ 17 June Lord Bethell, the Minister for Innovation at the Department of Health and Social Care, says the app "isn’t the priority". Answering a question about the app from the Science and Technology Committee, the minister says: "We are seeking to get something going for the winter, but it isn't the priority for us at the moment." He declines to offer a launch date for the app. App switches to Google-Apple model 18 June In a major U-turn, the UK ditches its version and shifts to a model based on technology provided by Apple and Google. The Apple-Google design is promoted as being more privacy-focused. However, it means epidemiologists will have access to less data. April But it soon became clear that using Bluetooth was tricky. Reports from Singapore suggested people were reluctant to download the app because it had to be kept open on the phone all the time, draining the battery. Then on 10 April came a surprising announcement from Google and Apple. The two tech giants - on whose software virtually all the world's smartphones depend - said they were going to develop a system that would help Bluetooth contact-tracing apps work smoothly. But there was a catch - only privacy-focused apps would be allowed to use the platform. Apple and Google favoured decentralised apps, where the matching between infected people and their list of contacts happened between their phones. The alternative was for the matching to be done on a central computer, owned by a health authority, which would end up storing lots of very sensitive information. The app the NHS was developing was based on a centralised model, which the Oxford scientists felt was vital if the health service was to be able to monitor virus outbreaks properly. Two days later, with quite a fanfare, Health Secretary Matt Hancock unveiled the plans for the Covid-19 app, promising "all data will be handled according to the highest ethical and security standards, and would only be used for NHS care and research". But immediately privacy campaigners, politicians and technology experts raised concerns. "I recognise the overwhelming force of the public health arguments for a centralised system, but I also have 25 years' experience of the NHS being incompetent at developing systems and repeatedly breaking their privacy promises," said Cambridge University's Prof Ross Anderson. Yet the project was still gathering pace with the first trial of the app at RAF Leeming, in Yorkshire. The trial was held under artificial conditions, with servicemen and women placing phones adjacent to each other on tables to see what happened. Meanwhile, privacy-conscious Germany became the latest country to switch its app to the decentralised model, using the Apple and Google system. It seemed that Apple had made it clear that it would not cooperate with a centralised app. Michael Veale, a British academic working with a consortium developing decentralised apps, warned that the NHS app was on the wrong path, asking on Twitter "will the UK push ahead with an app that will not work on iPhones - which has devastated adoption in Singapore?" May But the UK pushed ahead with a trial in the Isle of Wight. As it got underway Mr Hancock told the public they had a "duty" to download the app when it became available and that it would be crucial in getting "our liberty back" as the lockdown was eased. First sight of the app showed it was very simple, asking users whether they had a fever or a continuous cough. But any symptom alerts sent out to contacts merely echoed the standard "stay alert" advice - test results couldn't be entered into the app at this stage. It left many residents confused. Still, the fact that the app was quickly downloaded by more than half of the island's smartphone users saw the government branding the trial a success. Meanwhile, the Financial Times revealed that the government had hired a Swiss software developer to build a second app, using the Apple and Google technology. NHS insiders were quick to downplay the significance of this move - although one admitted "Downing Street is getting nervous". Work continued on a second, more sophisticated version of the original app, which was again going to be tested in the Isle of Wight before a national rollout - though the original deadline of mid-May had been missed. On 20 May, however, it became clear that the government's focus was switching to manual-contact tracing. The prime minister announced that a "world beating" tracing system would be in place by the beginning of June, though Number 10 stressed that the app's contribution to the system would come a bit later. As May drew to a close the boss of the wider test and trace programme, Baroness Dido Harding, said the app would be the "cherry on the cake" of the project. It was no longer the cake itself. June By early June, more deadlines for the national release of the app had come and gone. Three weeks into the Isle of Wight trial residents were getting restless, with very little information on how it was going or when an updated version of the app was coming. France launched its centralised Stop-Covid app, which had drawn heavy criticism from privacy campaigners, and digital minister Cedric O said 600,000 downloads in the first few hours was "a good start". On 4 June, Business Minister Nadhim Zadhawi was coaxed into saying the app should be ready by the end of the month, but that was the last firm deadline that would be promised. Singapore, which had continued to struggle to make its contact tracing app work, announced plans to give all citizens a wearable device in the hope that this would do a better job than a smartphone. On 14 June, Germany became the biggest country to launch a decentralised app on the Apple/Google platform. It quickly outstripped France in terms of downloads with something approaching 10% of the population installing it. By now the silence from the UK government about the NHS app was deafening. What was going on? Around lunchtime on 18 June all became clear. The BBC broke the story that the government was abandoning the centralised app and moving to something based on Google and Apple's technology. Despite all the spin, the Isle of Wight trial had highlighted a disastrous flaw in the app - it failed to detect 96% of contacts with Apple iPhones. The blame game has already begun. Mr Hancock and some of the scientists working with the NHS believe Apple should have been more cooperative. Technology experts and privacy campaigners say they warned months ago how this story would end. Apple says it did not know the UK was working on a "hybrid" version of the NHS coronavirus contact-tracing app using tech it developed with Google. Meanwhile, there is scant proof from anywhere around the world that smartphone apps using Bluetooth are an effective method of contact tracing. Back in March, it seemed that the hugely powerful devices most of us carry with us might help us emerge from this health crisis. Now it looks as though a human being on the end of a phone is a far better option.

महीनों के काम के बाद, ब्रिटेन ने अपने कोरोनावायरस-अनुरेखण ऐप के काम करने के तरीके को छोड़ दिया है, जिससे सरकार और दुनिया की दो सबसे बड़ी तकनीकी फर्मों के बीच दोषारोपण का खेल शुरू हो गया है। तो क्या गलत हुआ?


Coventry - is the UK's 'motor city' still driving forwards?

Summary: The last Peugeot to be made at the company's Coventry plant rolled off the production line 10 years ago. It could have been the death knell for the city's automotive industry, but new technology is inspiring confidence once more in the UK's "motor city".

By Sarah PortlockBBC News Ten years ago the mood in Coventry was sombre, certainly at the Peugeot plant, near Ryton, where production was ending. Jim O'Boyle, union convenor and Peugeot worker for 20 years, said he watched the last vehicle coming off the track (production line). "They were ripping up the track just behind it as the last car came off. It was terrible," he said. These days he is the cabinet member for jobs and regeneration at the city council: "When I joined (Peugeot) I couldn't imagine ever doing anything else. "Now I can't believe I was ever there." Coventry's automotive heritage: Twenty-three years ago the RDM Group, on Humber Road, near Ryton, had a plant harnessing component parts for firms such as Jaguar Land Rover (JLR), Rolls-Royce and Bentley. Now its employees, 80% of whom are engineers, are at the forefront of 21st Century engineering and design - one project, for example, involves creating software to enable cars to park themselves in garages. The company is currently waiting for the council to agree to a trial, which the government is paying £20m towards, for autonomous vehicles in the city. Smaller trials have already been held down the M1 in Milton Keynes. "We are looking at how the cars communicate with the pods. For example, you could be travelling along in your Land Rover towards the city centre," marketing director Miles Garner said. "The computer in the car will communicate with a pod. It will tell the pod it has two guests to pick up - and then your last half mile or so of the journey will be in the pods." Humber Road, as the name suggests, is the site where the Rootes Group once produced its Humber car. "It's nice to be leading these technical drives where all the old car manufacturing used to be," he said. Not all the old car sites are still being used in the automotive trade. Browns Lane, once home to Jaguar and Daimler and where car production ended in 2004, two years before Ryton closed, is due to become a 24-hour distribution centre for Amazon. The former Peugeot plant was demolished and the site is now home to various companies and warehouses. Meanwhile JLR is expected to push ahead with its expansion into electric vehicles with a planned "global centre of excellence" for battery research. Its Whitley site, two and half miles out of the city and the firm's global headquarters, is already earmarked for expansion but it is expected to need more space, with sites around the city's airport, in Baginton, being looked at. Last month chief executive Dr Ralf Speth laid out a vision which could see 10,000 new jobs created in the West Midlands. Already the largest carmaker by volume, JLR would like to double production from 500,000 to one million cars a year. The firm is expected to be working with Warwick Manufacturing Group, which is part of Warwick University, on the edge of the city. Mr O'Boyle thinks this could bring manufacturing back to Coventry. "The biggest change is the type of vehicles. Clean-air vehicles and electronic cars, that is a massive opportunity," he said. "But we need new expertise and we are working with the Warwick Manufacturing Group and Warwick University to get that - that's where the future lies. "Once the prototype is in place, you get your product in the showrooms, make them affordable and then you need the workforce to build them. "Jaguar wants to do it in Coventry. We just need the infrastructure in place." Top ten employers in Coventry - 2011. Source: Coventry City Council 1) Coventry City Council 15,617 2) University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire 6,500 3) University of Warwick 6,000 4) Coventry University 4,600 5) Coventry & Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust 3,500 6) Jaguar Cars Ltd 2,570 7) Barclays Bank Plc 2,400 =8) Royal Mail Group 2,000 =8 )Severn Trent Laboratories Limited and Severn Trent Centre 2,000 10) Admenta UK Plc (AAH Pharmaceuticals & Lloyds Pharmacy) 1,800 In Ansty, five miles northeast of the city, black cab producer the London Taxi Company is just about to move into its new 50,000 sq ft plant where it will produce its new vehicle, the all electric TX5. The firm has outgrown its Holyhead Road premises in the city, where it started life in the 1920s producing car bodies for Jaguar, Rolls Royce and Bentley. It currently employs more than 400 full-time people and company president Peter Johansen says that could go up to 1,600 if a third shift is introduced to produce the cabs. The firm hopes to have the capacity to produce 36,000 vehicles. In his opinion, Coventry is still the UK's motoring centre, albeit with a larger surrounding area. "I would actually say Coventry still eclipses all of the country - although you would include the wider area with Birmingham and firms south of Coventry into Warwickshire and along the M40 corridor," he said. He cited firms such as Ricardo in Leamington Spa, Pro-Drive in Banbury, Aston Martin and other research and development firms in Gaydon plus the Warwick Manufacturing Group, as all contributing heavily to the progress in the automotive industry. Penso, employing more than 200 people and which has been based at the airport for 12 years, focuses on design and engineering solutions for the automotive industry. With the Renewable Energy Directive in mind (all EU countries must ensure 10% of transport fuels be renewable by 2020) it works with new technology to reduce waste. In Coventry Penso has a huge press making carbon fibre components and is notable that it, along with LTC, are the two firms producing London's black cabs (which are also sold all over the world). The city council's crest features a phoenix rising out of the flames and represents the new Coventry rising out of the old (the city was heavily damaged by German bombers in November 1940). The motto is apt for the city's industry, sales director Michael Collins said. "Out of adversity comes dynamic change. It was sad when Ryton closed but I think such things drive innovation." The city's universities, Coventry and Warwick, lead the way with industrial design and companies like Penso are taking on apprentices to help out with a skills shortage, he added. "When Ryton closed its doors that was the last of the car production in Coventry," Jim O'Boyle said. "And we had fought to keep it open. "But now we have the opportunity to skill up the workforce and I think it can be done pretty quickly. "Cov has the ability to bounce back. We have the high-end jobs, we need to look at getting the semi-skilled. "I can see Coventry doing very well."

कंपनी के कोवेंट्री संयंत्र में बनाया जाने वाला आखिरी प्यूज़ो 10 साल पहले उत्पादन लाइन से शुरू हुआ था। यह शहर के मोटर वाहन उद्योग के लिए मौत की घंटी हो सकती थी, लेकिन नई तकनीक यूके के "मोटर सिटी" में एक बार फिर विश्वास पैदा कर रही है।


The Mexicans dying for a fizzy drink

Summary: Mexicans consume more carbonated drinks per person than any other nation, and the country has one of the world's highest rates of childhood obesity. Two years ago the government introduced a tax on sugary drinks - but is it working?

By Katy Watson and Sarah TreanorBBC News, Mexico Silvia Segura lives in a poor neighbourhood on the outskirts of Merida, in Mexico's Yucatan state. She invites us into her modest house. Three armchairs face a television and a ghetto-blaster turned up high with Mexican music blaring out. On the walls are hooks with hammocks hanging from them. These are where the family sleeps - they are more comfortable than beds in the region's baking climate. In the living room, however, a double bed stands in the middle of the floor. Silvia says this was her mother's bed after she became too ill to climb into a hammock. She died recently because of complications caused by type 2 diabetes - but until the end, Silvia says, her appetite for sugary drinks never left her. "All my family drinks Coca-Cola," says Silvia. "My mother, may she rest in peace, was a true cocacolera - she couldn't live without it, she'd drink it three times a day if she could. She said it kept her alive." When her mother went into hospital, "we'd smuggle the coke in and give her some sips," Silvia says. Mexicans are the thirstiest consumers of sugary drinks in the world. Each gets through an estimated 163 litres (36 imperial gallons) on average per person every year - 40% more than an average American (who drinks 118 litres, or 26 gallons). And this, says the government and the health campaigners, is a serious problem. All too often, the headlines coming from Mexico focus on the country's bloody drugs war - which has claimed over 100,000 lives in the past decade. Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, kills 70,000 per year. So acute is the problem that two years ago, in January 2014, Mexico introduced a national tax on sugary drinks and junk food - a 10% tax on every litre of sugar-sweetened drinks and an 8% tax on high-calorie food. The effect of these on children is a particular concern - according to Mexico's Health Ministry, the country leads the world in childhood obesity. "About 10% of kids are being fed soda from zero to six months of age," says Dr Salvador Villalpando, a childhood obesity specialist at the Federico Gomez children's hospital in Mexico City. "By the time they reach two it's about 80%." The problem is aggravated by the fact that children are often short, their development sometimes hindered both physically and mentally by a diet high in junk food and low in nutrients. Although the country's appetite for sugary drinks has sometimes been put down to the lack of clean water in some parts of the country, Villalpando disagrees. "It's cultural," he says. "Mexican mums like having chubby kids in their homes as it shows they're feeding them properly. And they are so used to feeding them sodas, they don't stop even when there is clean water." The children coming to his clinic often show early signs of diabetes - patches of dark skin on their necks and regular spikes in their blood sugar levels. Children with pre-diabetes cannot process sugar in the same way as healthy children and after consuming sugary food or drink their blood sugar rises dramatically. Young children who are accompanied by their mothers have less chance of getting better than teenagers who come alone, Villalpando says. That's because parents continue overfeeding the young children, while often the older ones are determined to lose weight and improve their health. According to research by Mexico's National Institute of Public Health, together with the University of North Carolina, in the first year the tax reduced consumption of sugary drinks by an average of 6% over the 12 months, reaching 12% by the month of December. In the poorest households, monthly purchases of sweet drinks fell by a full 17%. Find out more The drinks industry disputes these figures, however. "We did an analysis with the National Institute of Statistics and Geography and what we have, until June 2015, is that consumption and sales have been affected by 1% or 2%," says Jorge Terrazas of Mexico's bottled drinks industry body, Anprac. He adds that fizzy drinks only account for 5.6% of Mexico's average calorie consumption so can only be a small part of the solution to obesity and diabetes. No data has yet been published that would indicate whether the tax is having an effect on Mexicans' health. But Dr Miguel Messmacher, under-secretary of revenues at Mexico's Ministry of Finance, says he is in no doubt that it is working. "We've raised close to 20bn pesos (£760m)," he says. "It's a fairly significant amount. I think the results we have so far have led to the changes in behaviour we wanted." So what do the big US brands make of Mexico's approach? Hank Cardello of the Obesity Solutions Initiative, a research group in Washington DC, cracks open a can of diet ginger ale and tells us. "You have to look at ways of expanding the tool kit of solutions," he says. "The typical regulatory tool kit is tax, ban, limit, constrain - those kinds of anti-growth words, if you would. They're anathema to what the companies have to do. "We should ban the word 'should'. It's like a parent talking to a child. 'You should eat better, you should do this.' "No. When broccoli tastes like a cheeseburger, I'll eat more broccoli. You don't lecture to people to get them to change." But in Berkeley, a short drive from San Francisco, Josh Daniels sees things very differently. He was the co-chair of the "Yes on Measure D" campaign, which resulted in an overwhelming vote in favour of introducing a soda tax in November 2014 - the first in the US. The tax is one cent per ounce, which amounts to about 10% of the value of a bottle of soda, just as in Mexico. It raises about $150,000 per month for health-focused community initiatives. "I came to understand the damage that sugary drinks have been doing," says Josh. "By showing that Mexico did it and was successful, it gave support to our position that this was a viable policy." Now the city is leading the way for other US cities, he says, 31 of which have already tried and failed to introduce a tax, but may try again. The idea of a sugar tax has also been floated in the UK. In October a report by Public Health England recommended a tax of between 10% and 20% on high-sugar products as one measure needed to achieve a "meaningful" reduction in sugar consumption. Food Standards Scotland also proposed a sugar tax two weeks ago. "I don't really want to put new taxes on to anything but we do have to recognise that we face potentially in Britain something of an obesity crisis," Prime Minister David Cameron said last month, promising to announced details of a "fully worked-up programme" to tackle obesity later in the year. In Mexico, the tax may be working but sometimes it can be hard to see how. Across the country, corner shops are painted red and white, reminding Mexicans where their loyalties lie. Posters tempt school children with cheap offers of fizzy drinks and sugary snacks on their way to school. It makes you wonder whether Mexico's thirst for pop can ever be truly quenched. Do you think sugar companies should pay a "sin tax"? What role should government play? The BBC World Service is holding a live debate on Friday 5 February at 13:00 GMT. Send your questions to thefoodchain@bbc.co.uk or via Twitter to @bbcworldservice using the hashtag #bbcdiabetes Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

मैक्सिकन लोग किसी भी अन्य देश की तुलना में प्रति व्यक्ति अधिक कार्बोनेटेड पेय का सेवन करते हैं, और देश में बचपन के मोटापे की दर दुनिया में सबसे अधिक है। दो साल पहले सरकार ने मीठे पेय पर कर लगाया था-लेकिन क्या यह काम कर रहा है?


How the other two-thirds live and work

Summary: An early morning drive through the city helps to give new perspectives. So I've been told. I'm not that good with mornings.

Douglas FraserBusiness/economy editor, Scotland So a few hours before fresh figures were released this week on the state of the jobs market, I found myself heading for the station in Delhi, on a journey that brought wider reflections on how people make a living. Stray dogs had scavenged what they could through the night, and lay curled up. A few bleary people were stirring, one or two firing up a gasoline stove, for tea. Hundreds upon hundreds of bundles of blanket, each containing a slight human frame, lay along the raised pavements, sheltered from rain but with little protection against the foggy winter chill. No-one in the city - even the richest - is protected from the polluted air, tinted orange in daylight, catching the throat, tiring the eyes, tasting on each breath. My destination was Delhi's main railway station. The hustlers will still be asleep, but the porters were up and eager for custom. The concourse was filled with the bright colours of clothing and bedding where hundreds of families were ending their night's rest as I arrived, having bedded down there ahead of early departing trains. National pride The newspapers led with news from Davos. Indian prime minister Narendra Modi on Tuesday delivered a long speech to business leaders at the super-rich, super-powerful Alpine summit, emphasising India's heritage and culture, telling them that globalisation is shrinking and at risk, "its shine is fading", but that India is open for business and aims to be a "job-giver" more than a "job-taker". On Friday, the nation marks Republic Day with a grand parade through New Delhi's broad avenues. With Swiss snow barely melted from his boots, Mr Modi will host a clutch of other Asian leaders from countries to his south-east, attending an ASEAN summit. He's using this display of national pride and military pageant (I passed the camel cavalry of the Border Force, post-rehearsal, bedraggled by rain) to tell them that India is a superpower. It is regional, perhaps, for now, but becoming a global force in time, if not already. So, for your kind attention, ASEAN, China is not the only game on the continent. Tight market Two questions you may be asking. What am I doing in India, when there are export figures to be reported in Scotland? And what about those job figures? The first answer I'll leave to another day. The second one, on jobs - well, there may be some value in putting Scotland's employment picture into an international perspective. Yes, it remains in line with the UK headline figures, which remain unusually strong. Employment levels have rarely been higher, and rate well by international standards. Unemployment figures have been at, or around, a historic low, and that too compares well with the neighbours. The underlying factors that make fewer headlines are around the vulnerability of those jobs, and the squeeze on real pay as price inflation continues to outstrip wage rises. Even with a tight labour market, and much concern about skill shortages, employers are able to hold down pay increases. Instead, it is expected that they may choose to increase hours, paying more in overtime rather than recruiting and training more workers. In some cases, they may require longer hours without paying more. I've seen that happen to former colleagues in the newspaper industry, for instance - lucky, arguably, to retain a job, but under immense pressure to keep delivering news in print and online with fewer staff. Bosses have the option of offering skill upgrading, to help workers become more productive, and to help retain them. Losing staff, and having to recruit, is expensive. Or bosses may run the sums on how much it would cost to invest in new equipment rather than looking to the labour market to hit growth targets. With rapid advances in technology, the rise of the robot is seen by many as a big threat to the less skilled worker, and many more skilled ones too. Extreme poverty pay All these factors help fuel a sense of insecurity, which has been driving political responses across Europe and the USA. But the international picture tells us that insecurities close to home are as nothing compared to the lot of many working people elsewhere. And that, in turn, helps explain why so many of them are willing to take immense risks to migrate into more prosperous job markets. This week, the International Labour Organisation published its take on the two years ahead. It contained good news, but also not such good news. It showed how much the numbers on extreme poverty pay have fallen, and sharply, over the past two decades. In South Asia - India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and smaller neighbours - that is around 300 million fewer people in working poverty since 2004. But the number is still big - 285 million this year, or 41% of workers. It's the kind of change that doesn't make many headlines, but is of massive significance for the economy, for social improvement and for humanity, as emerging economies emerge. Apart from easing deprivation, it has helped build a ready market, with at least some disposable income, on which new businesses are thriving. The reckoning behind the report was also that the uplift in demand across the world economy should help reduce unemployment in 2018 and 2019, including in some dark spots such as southern Europe. Breathtaking pace Not such good news: the reduction in poverty pay is slowing. Extreme poverty pay is counted as less than $1.90 per hour, adjusted for the amount it can purchase in-country. In sub-Saharan Africa, according to the ILO, that accounted for 37% of workers in 2017. "Moderate working poverty" means pay between $1.90 and $3.10, adjusted for purchasing power in each country. In sub-Saharan Africa, that accounted for a further 24% of workers last year. Translate the percentages into actual Africans, and you find it means 228 million people. It includes 38 million young Africans, or two-thirds of those entering the labour market. In India, that is the kind of money earned by the rickshaw-wallahs and street cleaners who sleep rough in Delhi and every other city on the Indian plains. Many come to the big city because there's no income to be had in their villages. And unlike China, where the one-child policy now means a shrinking working-age population, on the sub-continent, the working population is rising at a breathtaking pace, of nearly 7% last year, and more than that this year. Even if India's healthy growth rate can keep generating new jobs in abundance, it won't reduce unemployment by much. Vulnerable workers Another piece of less welcome news from the ILO is that the reduction in the number of worldwide workers classified as being vulnerable (working on their own account or informally in a family business, such as a farm) is not just slowing but may be about to go into reverse. We know what "vulnerable" can often mean in Britain - the gig economy, zero hours contracts, self-employed "consultants" who struggle, often in advancing years, to get back into a full-time post. In India, it's all that but without the minimum wage or the safety net of a welfare state, including pensions - however inadequate that might seem in Britain. The sectors most likely to have vulnerable workers, as well as the low paid, are the ones that remain dominant, notably agriculture. Whereas the number of farm workers in China and its neighbours has plummeted, they remain close to 60% in South Asia. So "vulnerable" workers on the Indian sub-continent account for 72% of the workforce. For women, that is around 81%. We've long known that India's work, working conditions and pay were very different from Europe's. But in a global economy, the connections across continents matter more. And with the ILO watching closely for social unrest linked to labour market weakness, it's a reminder that the consequences can reach across continents too. Older and inflexible Two other points worth noting from the ILO report. One is about older workers. The UK has just passed the threshold of one million people working past their 65th birthday by last autumn. In Scotland, there's been a sharp rise in the past year, to 99,500, or 9.9% of that age group. Why? Partly because they can. The law changed. But also because many feel they have to. Occupational pensions aren't what they were. The kids may be grown up, but they often still need support. That change in a productive later life can be seen as a good thing. But the blunt-speaking labour market economists of the ILO are not that flattering about the impact on the economy of this ageing workforce being a factor around the world. Older workers bring the benefits of experience and consistency. But they are also reckoned (it says here) to be a hindrance on productivity gains. Why so? They are either slow to learn new tricks with technology, or employers are unwilling to pay for upskilling them. They are reluctant to take a risk on leaving work, because it's harder to get another job when you're older. So inflexible older workers are seen as slowing up the process of adjustment within the economy, both to new ways of working and to new industries. Caring for 'seniors' Whether oldies are to blame, or employers, or governments, that's not so good for the economy. And if left to the market, it means a skills gap that governments will have to fill. When these workers get older and cannot work any longer, that's when the other labour market factor kicks in. Caring for elderly people is clearly a big growth area. President Trump may not highlight it when he talks about Making America Great Again, but the biggest employment prospect for Americans in the next six years is in caring for "seniors". Some 633,000 new care jobs are expected to be created in that time. And so it goes around the world. Either caring has to be made into a more attractive, higher status, better paid option, says the ILO, or we'll see even more people - mainly women - opting out of paid work to look after ageing relatives. It may look and feel like very hard real work to those doing it. But it could often be better delivered by those with training. And in an economy measured by statisticians, unpaid work doesn't count.

शहर के माध्यम से एक सुबह की ड्राइव नए दृष्टिकोण देने में मदद करती है। इसलिए मुझे बताया गया है। मैं सुबह के साथ अच्छा नहीं हूँ।


Pensioner dies after collision with car in Johnstone

Summary: A pensioner has died after being struck by a car in Johnstone, Renfrewshire.

The woman, 80, was taken to hospital following the incident on Thursday, but later died. Another woman, 73, was taken to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital in Glasgow. The incident happened on Walkinshaw Street at the junction with the High Street at about 11.45. Police Scotland said inquiries were ongoing into the circumstances.

रेनफ्रूशायर के जॉनस्टोन में एक कार की चपेट में आने से एक पेंशनभोगी की मौत हो गई है।


Cambodia Facebook feud hits California courts

Summary: Lawyers for exiled Cambodian opposition figure Sam Rainsy have filed legal action against Facebook, in a case that highlights how the quest for "likes" has gripped the small Southeast Asian country's leading politicians.

By Ben PaviourFreelance journalist The petition in US federal courts asks the social media giant to disclose information related to the popularity of the Facebook page of Sam Rainsy's rival, Prime Minister Hun Sen, whose Facebook page ranked third in global engagement among world leaders, according to public relations firm Burson-Marsteller. The petition accuses Hun Sen of using state money to buy Facebook ads and says he levelled death threats against Rainsy in violation of the platform's policies, including a speech posted to his page last week vowing to attack opposition members with rocket launchers. "Facebook should act to prevent its platform being manipulated to help prop up dictators," said Rainsy's lawyer, Richard Rogers, a partner in the London and Paris-based firm Global Diligence. Rainsy, who has lived in Paris since November 2015 in the face of a slew of court cases, accuses Hun Sen of purchasing support in countries such as India and the Philippines, where the prime minister's page is popular and which are home to "click farms" that produce fake followers for social media accounts. Illegitimate likes often come from fake accounts or from real users who are paid for liking the page, according to Facebook. Cambodian courts found Rainsy guilty of defamation in November 2016 after he accused officials of creating fake accounts to support Hun Sen's page. The filing in Northern District of California federal court asks Facebook to disclose information about the authenticity of Hun Sen's likes, as well as communications he may have had with associates on the platform on a variety of topics, including the July 2016 killing of political commentator Kem Ley. The information would clear Rainsy's name in a number of Cambodian court cases and change Cambodian voters' perception of Hun Sen before July's national elections, Mr Rogers said. "If you're going to vote for the winner, [Facebook] is one of the ways to discern who is the winner," Mr Rogers said. Hun Sen's current, allegedly fraudulent Facebook popularity "shows that he's still liked even though he commits all of these human rights abuses", he added. A suspiciously international following? Hun Sen, who has ruled Cambodia for 33 years, adopted Facebook with gusto in the aftermath of his Cambodian People's Party's near-upset at the hands of Mr Rainsy's opposition Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP) in the 2013 national elections. His page has showcased a more accessible, selfie-prone strongman who likes strolls with grandchildren and swims in the ocean. The light mood on the page contrasts with an ongoing crackdown on dissent in the run-up to the July vote. Cambodia's last six months were marked by the shutdown of several independent media outlets, the jailing of two reporters and the arrest of CNRP president Kem Sokha. In November, the Supreme Court dissolved the CNRP for alleged treason. Without the CNRP, most observers say the upcoming national election lacks any credibility. Rainsy and other critics have also cried foul on Hun Sen's online popularity. About 45% of Hun Sen's Facebook followers have accounts in Cambodia, according to social media monitoring site Socialbakers.com, compared with almost 80% of Rainsy's followers and 90% for Hun Sen's eldest son, Hun Manet. Huy Vannak, an undersecretary of state for Cambodia's Ministry of Interior and head of a pro-government journalists union, refused to comment on Rainsy's Facebook case beyond calling it "stupid" and defending restrictions on free speech on Facebook. "Cambodia, just like other civilized nations, is not a free place for criminal acts and defamation," he wrote in a message. Facebook spokesperson Genevieve Grdina declined to comment on the specifics of Rainsy's case, citing company policy, but said it was in the company's financial interest to root out fakes that undermined advertisers' trust in the platform. In its third quarter 2017 financial filings, the company admitted that up to 13% of accounts were either duplicates of real accounts or outright fakes. Ms Grdina noted that page administrators could also pay for Facebook ads to promote their page in other countries. But US-based marketing consultant Mark Schaefer said it was "cheap and easy" to buy fake Facebook likes as a shortcut to social validation. "Unfortunately this practice is becoming commonplace," he said. Hun Sen's lead Facebook strategist, Duong Dara, suggested he was unaware of sites like liftlikes.com, where 1,000 "real human likes" cost $8.99. "Can we buy it? Do you know how to buy it?" he asked in a message, without responding to follow-up questions. Facebook also made headlines in October after it began an experiment in Cambodia and five other countries that moved content from pages from the News Feed to a separate Explore Feed. Publishers complained of plummeting web traffic, although Phannara Leang, web editor for the popular independent outlet Post Khmer, said last month visits to the site had recovered to pre-test levels. In recent years the Cambodian government has stepped up its prosecution of Facebook critics, including a woman who in April posted a video of herself tossing a shoe at a sign featuring Hun Sen's face. In 2014, government documents shown to local media described the creation of a so-called Cyber War Team designed to monitor social media and "maintain every achievement of the government". Critics likened it to a pro-government propaganda machine in a setup similar to censorship units in Vietnam and China - both close allies of Hun Sen. Mr Vannak said he didn't know about the group but added that "we do support any effort for the interest of Cambodians." Meanwhile, experts are divided over how significant Rainsy's lawsuit is. Hang Vitou, head of the Young Analyst Group, argued that Cambodians weren't likely to be fooled by inflated social media likes, and called Rainsy's case "useless." "Hun Sen uses his Facebook page to gather support from the public but it is not as effective as he thinks," Vitou said. "People just need to follow the prime minister's work and activities, [but] that does not mean that they support him." Ben Paviour is a freelance journalist and former politics editor of the Cambodia Daily.

निर्वासित कंबोडिया के विपक्षी व्यक्ति सैम रेनसी के वकीलों ने फेसबुक के खिलाफ कानूनी कार्रवाई दायर की है, एक ऐसे मामले में जो इस बात पर प्रकाश डालता है कि कैसे "पसंद" की खोज ने छोटे दक्षिण पूर्व एशियाई देश के प्रमुख राजनेताओं को जकड़ लिया है।


'I share my home with 28 refugees'

Summary: Emergency officials in Nigeria say more than 40,000 refugees have poured over the border from Cameroon since last October - and their numbers are growing by the day. They are fleeing violence in the country's south, where the military launched a bloody crackdown after separatists declared a breakaway state - "The Federal Republic of Ambazonia".

By Ishaq KhalidBBC Africa, Agbokim village, Nigeria In Agbokim village, in southern Nigeria, the BBC met father-of-four Frank Okoro, who has welcomed 28 refugees into his five-room home. Frank, 57, is a secondary school teacher and a deeply religious man. He uses his salary and what he earns from his cocoa and cassava farms to cater for his many house-guests. Some are related to his wife, who is from the Cameroonian side of the border - but others are not. He decided to take them in because their situation was so dire. But it's a squeeze to find room for so many. 'We place mats on the ground," he says. "Almost all the children are on the ground, either on mats or their mothers' wrappers - provided they sleep and wake up peacefully in the morning." The newcomers try to help with whatever he does - perhaps on the principle that there's "no food for a lazy man". As farmers, they have enough to go round. "God is helping us greatly," says Frank. But he concedes: "As the father of the home, I have to add more struggle to be able to cope." Without support from wider family or kind-hearted strangers, the refugees face chronic food shortages. They rarely get aid from local or international agencies, and lack basic healthcare services. Their children have no access to schools. But the alternative was staying in Cameroon while the military wreak havoc, they say. 'I trekked eight days in the bush' One young father, Rene, told the BBC he was separated from his wife and children when soldiers completely destroyed their village, killing several people. His loved ones managed to cross into Nigeria after a long trek, he says, with help from good Samaritans on a motorbike. But he trekked for more than a week in the bush to escape the violence - surviving only on wild fruit and water from streams. He wandered for more than two days before he found a footpath that led to the village of Bashu in Nigeria's Cross River State - where he was lucky enough to find his family. They are now hosted in the town of Ikom, about 27km (16 miles) from the border with Cameroon. "We were living in our village peacefully. All of a sudden, soldiers just invaded our community. After a few minutes we started hearing gunshots, so we were running left and right... I spent eight days in the forest, running." The 32-year-old says it was the worst experience of his life. He showed me some deep wounds on his leg which he suffered while staggering through the forests and hills. Like many refugees, he says he doesn't want to go back to Cameroon until peace returns to his community. 'I was stripped naked and thrown in the river' The women who fled speak of being assaulted by the security forces in Cameroon. Nguma, in her 20s, alleges that she and some other women were "beaten, stripped naked and thrown into the river" by Cameroon military personnel. They made it to Nigeria in boats carrying other refugees. Another woman, Regina, told me she was accosted by three soldiers while rushing home to get her children after riots broke out in her village. She alleges that a soldier grabbed her as she reached her home. "When somebody is not your husband and is holding your breast, holding you tight onto him... I was really afraid as they say soldiers used to rape people, so I started shouting. "When the army man saw my children coming out, then he left me in the house corridor." Many of the refugees who fled to Nigeria say they are still traumatised by the violence they witnessed. "If we have our independence I will go back," says Regina. "But if the war does not end, I will not go back, because I fear soldiers. Because of those heavy guns, I have some pains in my heart now. "If I hear the gun [go] boom, my heart goes inside like I want to die. I will not live with those guns inside Cameroon." There is a strong sense of uncertainty among the refugees - about Cameroon, which they have fled, and Nigeria where they are taking refuge. There are now limited routes for refugees to cross over into Nigeria because of the violent military operation on the Cameroonian side. The official routes are not accessible, so desperate people can only cross into Nigeria through the bush. What is the fighting about? Cameroon is dominated by French-speakers and the English-speaking minority has long complained about being marginalised. In late 2016, some Anglophones began protesting, saying they were excluded from top civil service jobs, and that the French language and legal system had been imposed on them. The government responded with a security crackdown and even shut off the internet to English-speaking regions for several months. But the protests have continued and some have started demanding independence for what they call the "Federal Republic of Ambazonia" - the Anglophone North West and South West provinces. Some have taken up arms and several members of the security forces have been killed. The government denies allegations of abuse. It says the military is only trying to protect the territorial integrity of the country. Find out more: Cameroon's government spokesman Issa Tchiroma Bakary told the BBC the state was open to dialogue on any grievances, but would not tolerate any secession attempt or violent movement. Nigeria is already grappling with more than two million people displaced by the Boko Haram insurgency in the north - so the influx of Cameroonian refugees has added to its challenges. Most are in the southern state of Cross River and the central state of Benue. John Inaku, head of the Emergency Management Agency in Cross River, told the BBC: "So far it is a very hectic experience, and a sad one indeed for you to see an influx of people - especially when you have not budgeted for them. It becomes difficult to assemble them, not to talk of feeding them. The United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), and the International Committee of the Red Cross are among the groups trying to help the thousands of refugees. The UNHCR has warned against any forceful repatriation of Cameroonian asylum seekers in Nigeria, saying it would be against international law. Tensions remain high in the English-speaking areas of Cameroon, and it is not clear how long the refugees will stay in Nigeria. Emergency agencies say they are considering setting up permanent camps for the swelling number of refugees, which they say could reach more than a million in the coming months if peace does not return. So it looks as though Frank's house-guests are here to stay for some time yet.

नाइजीरिया में आपातकालीन अधिकारियों का कहना है कि पिछले अक्टूबर से 40,000 से अधिक शरणार्थी कैमरून से सीमा पार कर चुके हैं-और उनकी संख्या दिन-ब-दिन बढ़ रही है। वे देश के दक्षिण में हिंसा से भाग रहे हैं, जहां अलगाववादियों द्वारा एक अलग राज्य घोषित करने के बाद सेना ने एक खूनी कार्रवाई शुरू की-"द फेडरल रिपब्लिक ऑफ अंबाजोनिया"।


Switzerland tunnel: The oddest moments of the opening ceremony

Summary: From the World Cup to the Olympics, it is not a significant event if you don't have an unusual opening ceremony to go with it.

This was also the case when the Gotthard base tunnel, the longest and deepest in the world, was inaugurated on Wednesday. Here are some of the most striking moments from the ceremony - we have tried to explain what is going on as far as possible. It was not always possible. Warning: This article contains partial nudity

विश्व कप से लेकर ओलंपिक तक, यह कोई महत्वपूर्ण आयोजन नहीं है यदि आपके पास इसके साथ जाने के लिए कोई असामान्य उद्घाटन समारोह नहीं है।


Czech village children visit Stoke-on-Trent

Summary: Children from a Czech Republic village destroyed during Word War II are visiting Stoke-on-Trent to learn about the man who helped rebuild their home.

The massacre at Lidice in 1942 was ordered by Hitler following the assassination of one of his generals. Sir Barnett Stross, a former councillor, led the Lidice Shall Live campaign to raise money for the village. Children from Bustehrad School are in Stoke-on-trent until Thursday. Mr Stross, along with local miners and other workers, raised what would now be £1m to help construct a new village after hearing what had happened to it.

द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध के दौरान नष्ट हुए चेक गणराज्य के एक गाँव के बच्चे उस व्यक्ति के बारे में जानने के लिए स्टोक-ऑन-ट्रेंट जा रहे हैं जिसने उनके घर के पुनर्निर्माण में मदद की थी।


Ilkeston station: Derbyshire County Council agrees funds

Summary: A new railway station could be built in a Derbyshire town after the county council agreed to put up funds for the £6.5m project.

Ilkeston has not had a station for 46 years and is one of the largest towns in the UK without one. Derbyshire County Council is set to spend £754,000 on the stop. The majority of the money needed would come from the government which announced £20m funding for new stations in July. The authority said the station would reduce congestion on roads to Nottingham and support economic growth. When the new stations fund was announced, Transport Secretary Justine Greening said it had been directly inspired by Ilkeston. It is thought services from the railway station would include hourly trains to Nottingham, Chesterfield and Sheffield.

काउंटी परिषद द्वारा 6.5 करोड़ पाउंड की परियोजना के लिए धन जमा करने पर सहमत होने के बाद डर्बीशायर शहर में एक नया रेलवे स्टेशन बनाया जा सकता है।