The mass escape of Jews from Nazi-occupied Denmark

Summary: Seventy years ago this month, an extraordinary mass escape happened from Nazi-occupied Denmark. Tipped off about German plans to deport them to concentration camps, almost the entire Jewish population - several thousand people - fled their homes and left the country.

By Ellen OtzenBBC World Service As he stepped onto the fishing boat that was meant to carry them across the Baltic sea to safety, 14-year-old Bent Melchior feared he might never see his home again. A week earlier, he had left the home in Copenhagen he shared with his parents and four siblings. It was 8 October 1943 and Denmark was under Nazi occupation. Along with thousands of other Danish Jews, Bent and his family were fleeing the Germans. "We were gathered in this boat that was supposed to carry herrings, but instead it was now carrying human beings," he says. They set off after dark. There were 19 people on the boat, hiding below deck in case German planes should spot them from overhead. The night air was chilly and the sea rough. "People started to be sick, and every minute felt like an hour". Melchior and his family were part of a mass escape. That autumn night, 2,500 Jews set sail for neighbouring Sweden from Danish beaches and ports, in rowing boats, canoes, as stowaways on ferries and cargo ships. Some even swam across. In September that year, the Nazi secret police - the Gestapo - had decided to deport all Danish Jews to concentration camps, just as they'd done to millions of other Jews across Europe. The raid was scheduled for Friday 1 October, when they had hoped to find families gathering for the Jewish Sabbath dinner. But when they raided their homes, they found fewer than 300 people still there. A few days earlier, Georg Duckwitz, a German naval attache working at the German embassy in Copenhagen, had tipped off Hans Hedtoft, a leading member of the Danish Labour party. Hedtoft, who later became Denmark's prime minister, warned the Jewish community to leave. "My parents were worried the phone might be tapped. So my mum started ringing other Jewish families, encouraging them to 'take a holiday in the countryside'," Melchior recalls. "She told them we were also going away for a few days as we hadn't had a holiday that year." In 1943, Denmark was home to around 8,000 Jews. Although the country had been invaded by Germany three years earlier, the government had accepted the occupation in exchange for a measure of control over domestic affairs. Danish Jews were protected by the Danish government, whose leader collaborated with Hitler. But a determined campaign by the Danish resistance prompted Germany to take over full control of Danish affairs and the government resigned in August. The following month, Hitler ordered the deportation of all Danish Jews. As news of the imminent Nazi raid spread, Melchior's father, a rabbi at Copenhagen's main synagogue, interrupted a service celebrating Jewish New Year to urge the congregation to go into hiding and to spread the word to other Jews. The Melchior family caught a train to the island of Falster in south-eastern Denmark. The carriages were filled with German soldiers and Bent's mother and five-year-old brother Paul travelled in an empty first-class carriage in case the youngest family member unwittingly gave away where they were going. Together with 60 other Jewish refugees, Bent Melchior's father brought his wife and four youngest children into hiding at the home of a bishop. From there, they hoped to flee across the sea to neutral Sweden, which offered safety for refugees. But getting there was not easy. To even secure a place on one of the small fishing boats being used to ferry the Jews across could cost as much as £5,500 ($9,000) a head in today's money. After eight hours at sea, the boat carrying the Melchior family came close to land. Dawn was breaking and a lighthouse was clearly visible. But something was wrong. Having learnt in geography at school that Sweden was east of Denmark, Bent realised that daylight was coming from the wrong direction. In fact, the boat had sailed in a circle rather than east to the Swedish coast. The lighthouse was a Danish lighthouse and the refugees were back where they had set off. The fisherman at the helm had never sailed far from the coast and had no idea how to navigate. Sitting in the comfortable apartment in central Copenhagen he shares with his wife Lilian, surrounded by pictures of their four sons, his recollection of the escape he made 70 years ago is still crystal clear. "We were afraid. My five-year-old brother had no idea what was going on. Unbeknownst to me my mother was pregnant at the time, so she had a terrible time," says Bent Melchior. "If it was dangerous to be out at sea it night, it was even more dangerous in daylight. We could hear German planes overhead. If they had seen us, the Gestapo would have captured us." Eventually they started to sail east, following the sun. Miraculously, after 18 hours at sea, they reached Lilla Beddinge, a small fishing village on the Swedish coast. A six-year-old boy, Per-Arne Persson, spotted them from the beach and alerted his father, a local fisherman, who sailed out to meet the boat. Bent Melchior and his family settled down to their new life in Sweden. Bent was enrolled in a Danish school in the town of Lund, while his father got a job as a rabbi. But they were now refugees in a foreign country. Swedish was not hard for Danes to understand and the Swedish government had assured them they could stay for the duration of the war. Nevertheless, strangers would often make comments about them. "People would complain that we were taking their coffee rations, or whatever was rationed at the time. "As refugees we had to queue up to buy second-hand underwear, which they had decided was good enough for us." Seven decades later, Bent can still recall what it was like to be an alien abroad: "All these denigrating signs, I can still feel today," he says. Around 200 people were caught by the Germans while trying to escape and deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in what is now the Czech Republic. But more than 7,500 Danish Jews eventually made it across to Sweden in October 1943. They were brought out under cover. Some escape routes were organised by members of the resistance movement. But most Danish historians argue that the escape would not have been possible had it not been for thousands of ordinary Danes who helped the Jews flee. Some were "admitted" to hospitals under false names, others were hidden in churches, farms and holiday homes by the sea while they organised transport. There were of course, exceptions. Eighty Jewish refugees hiding in the loft of a church in the northern town of Gilleleje were arrested by the Gestapo after a young Danish housemaid, engaged to a German soldier, turned them in. They too, were deported to Theresienstadt. After 19 months in Sweden, the German occupation of Denmark was over. Liberation came on 4 May, 1945 and the refugees were free to return home. Melchior and his family moved back into their old apartment in Copenhagen. Life fell back into its usual rhythm, but it was never the same. His experience as a refugee galvanised Bent Melchior to a life-long involvement with refugees. "We were changed people. I became very active in various movements within the Jewish community and outside. "We tried to take a lesson from what had happened, to stop this terrible intolerance." He later went on to become a senior member of the Danish Refugee Council and followed his father in becoming the chief rabbi of Denmark. He has travelled the world telling his story, determined that this tale of survival should never be forgotten. Per-Arne, the six-year old Swedish boy who spotted their boat from the beach 70 years ago, is still a friend today. Bent Melchior's interview with the BBC World Service programme Witness will be broadcast at 07:50GMT on 8 October. Listen via BBC iPlayer Radio or browse the Witness podcast archive. You can follow the Magazine on Twitter and on Facebook

सत्तर साल पहले इसी महीने नाजी के कब्जे वाले डेनमार्क से एक असाधारण सामूहिक पलायन हुआ था। उन्हें यातना शिविरों में निर्वासित करने की जर्मन योजनाओं के बारे में जानकारी मिलने पर, लगभग पूरी यहूदी आबादी-कई हजार लोग-अपने घरों से भाग गए और देश छोड़ दिया।


Manchester attacks: What teenagers need to know

Summary: US singer Ariana Grande was just leaving the stage at Manchester Arena when a bomb exploded right outside, killing and injuring dozens - including teenagers. Here, Alison Jamieson, author of Talking about Terrorism, answers some of your questions.

What happened? The gig was just about over and crowds were swarming towards the exits when a "huge bang" went off. Some thought the noise was balloons popping, but in fact it was a man setting off a home-made bomb. We know that 22 people died - including an eight-year-old girl and a student - and more than 50 were hurt. The impact threw some people into the air and sent the music fans into a state of panic, desperate to get out of the building. Who does things like this? At the moment, we know very little about the man who did this. Terrorists - people who try to make themselves heard through violence - think they are acting not just for themselves but for the wider community. Somebody who does this sort of thing may be acting out of hatred towards a particular group of people or feel that they have been treated badly. Alison says attackers are usually acting out of anger. They have sometimes followed instructions through websites, or acted alone, or they might have been trained. It's too early to know for certain if the man who carried out this attack had views connected to political or religious belief systems. But the so-called Islamic State, which is a group fighting wars in Iraq and Syria, has said it is behind this attack. Sometimes with attacks like these the person involved might be miserable, hate his life and want to get into the history books. Again, an attacker could be lonely or unwell, and may not be thinking in a way that most people think. Why target young people? We don't know exactly who he meant to target but with a lot of these sorts of attacks, it's a question of opportunity. Some places like underground rail systems, shopping centres or, in this case, Manchester Arena can't be completely protected. These types of venue are possibly easier to target than Parliament or town halls, so you can sometimes say the attacker is just choosing the easier option. Could this happen to me? Terror attacks are very, very rare in most countries. But no-one is 100% safe and you can't give people false assurances, says Alison. Britain is largely a safe place to live. It's an island so it's not easy to smuggle weapons in and it's also a place where people look out for each other. Whatever your background, there's a group who will look out for you. The police, security services and the government are all working to keep you safe. How can I stay safe? What can I do to help? Manchester seems to have shown extraordinary courage and generosity, says Alison. Kind people offered beds for people to sleep in, gave them lifts and left food and drink at the scene for the emergency services. Some ideas for how you and your friends could help include: Alison Jamieson has written Radicalisation and Terrorism: A Teachers' Handbook for Addressing Extremism (2015) and Talking about Terrorism: Responding to Children's Questions (2017)

अमेरिकी गायिका एरियाना ग्रांडे मैनचेस्टर एरिना में मंच से बाहर निकल रही थीं, तभी बाहर एक बम विस्फोट हुआ, जिसमें किशोरों सहित दर्जनों लोग मारे गए और घायल हो गए। यहाँ, टॉकिंग अबाउट टेररिज्म की लेखिका एलिसन जैमीसन आपके कुछ सवालों के जवाब देती हैं।


Man dies after industrial accident in Cheddleton

Summary: A man has died in hospital following an industrial accident at an agricultural machinery manufacturer in Staffordshire.

He suffered multiple injuries at LM Bateman & Co's premises in Station Road, Cheddleton, Leek, at about 03:34 BST on Wednesday. He was treated at the scene but died at Royal Stoke University Hospital. LM Bateman & Co said it was "deeply shocked and saddened". The Health and Safety Executive is investigating.

स्टैफोर्डशायर में एक कृषि मशीनरी निर्माता में एक औद्योगिक दुर्घटना के बाद एक व्यक्ति की अस्पताल में मृत्यु हो गई है।


Lesotho: Why a dispute over mohair led to a parliamentary fist-fight

Summary: A sitting of Lesotho's upper house of parliament this week degenerated into a fist-fight between massed ranks of rival MPs who also threw wooden panels, documents and anything else they could get their hands on across the chamber at each other.

By Pumza FihlaniBBC News, Johannesburg The scuffle happened during a debate over a long-running dispute over new regulations around the wool and mohair trade - not the subject you might expect to ignite such strong passions. First off, what is mohair? Mohair is made from the hair of Angora goats. It is much softer than wool and has a noticeable sheen and lustre. Because it is considered to be a luxury textile, garments made entirely from mohair are more expensive than those made from other types of yarn. Some call it the "diamond fibre". But why fight over it? Mohair and wool production is one of Lesotho's main industries and is the main source of income for many families. More about mohair Sources : Mohair SA, Department of Trade and Industry SA, Lesotho Bureau of Statistics Find out more about Lesotho Earlier this year, thousands of farmers marched to parliament to protest against a regulation signed in 2018 forcing them to sell their wool and mohair to a Chinese broker. The farmers said that the new broker was not paying them for their goods. This led to a crisis that left an estimated 48,000 farmers without earnings for more than a year, according to South Africa's BusinessLive newspaper. After numerous protests in the months after that, the government, led by Prime Miniser Tom Thabane, changed its tune and ended the controversial deal with Guohui Shi and his company, Lesotho Wool Centre. So the farmers should be happy? Unfortunately not. While the deal with the Chinese businessman is no longer in place, what has remained is a decision for mohair and wool to be auctioned from Lesotho instead of neighbouring South Africa which had been the practice for many years. Lesotho's farmers say the government's refusal to allow producers to sell their products in South Africa and elsewhere means they cannot get fair market prices. They used to rely on a South African broker, BKB, to export their products seemingly without any problems. They now want to either return to that arrangement or be allowed to sell to alternative markets. In October, lawmakers called for the regulations to be repealed but a new deal is yet to be finalised. Why do they want to sell their mohair in South Africa? Lesotho is a small landlocked country, with a population of just two million, and the partnership with South Africa gave producers access to a broader market, they say. It is one of southern Africa's poorest nations, with unemployment rates of 24-28%, according to the World Bank. Neighbouring South Africa produces 53% of the world's mohair and runs the world's biggest auction in the coastal town of Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape province. Farmers back in Lesotho, and opposition MPs, are worried that if they continue to only sell their produce from their own country, buyers might move elsewhere because of the increased travel costs involved. While there are other tensions between the government and opposition, this week's sitting was expected to start addressing the concerns raised over existing regulations. Opposition leaders grew frustrated when they learned Minister for Small Business Development, Conservation and Marketing Chalane Phoro would not be appearing in parliament, as they had expected, to explain what was happening with the regulations. Then the speaker of parliament suspended the session, sparking uproar. So what happens now? That is not entirely clear. There is still a dispute of over the mohair regulations and, once the dust has settled, this will need to be resolved by the very people who came to blows. In the meantime, the many hundreds of families in Lesotho who depend on mohair for their living will be hoping those in leadership positions can put their fists away long enough to come to a decision.

इस सप्ताह लेसोथो के संसद के ऊपरी सदन की एक बैठक प्रतिद्वंद्वी सांसदों के बड़े पैमाने पर रैंकों के बीच एक मुट्ठी-लड़ाई में बदल गई, जिन्होंने लकड़ी के पैनल, दस्तावेज और कुछ भी जो वे कक्ष में अपने हाथों में ले सकते थे, एक दूसरे पर फेंक दिया।


Conversations with a hacker: What Guccifer 2.0 told me

Summary: Who or what is Guccifer 2.0? US intelligence agencies believe the mysterious hacker persona was central to efforts to interfere with last year's American election and responsible for distributing hacked documents that embarrassed the Democratic Party. But now Guccifer 2.0 has broken a two-month silence to deny any connection to Russia. In the run up to Donald Trump's victory, BBC Trending's Mike Wendling struck up an online dialogue with Guccifer 2.0 to try to probe the hacker's motives.

By BBC TrendingWhat's popular and why It turned out that talking to one of the world's most notorious hackers was easier than you might think. Just send him a tweet. In the summer of 2016 the hacker, going by the name Guccifer 2.0, leaked a trove of documents from the Democratic National Committee (DNC) to Wikileaks, which then made the material public. The revelations were embarrassing for the Democrats and the Hillary Clinton campaign, and resulted in the resignation of party chair Debbie Wasserman-Shultz. Although Guccifer 2.0 took his name from a Romanian hacker - the original Guccifer hacked emails belonging to American and Romanian officials, and is currently in prison - suspicion immediately fell on Russia. Metadata attached to the leaked documents was in Russian not Romanian. Analysts determined that Guccifer 2.0 had used a Russian server. A host of security experts traced the leak to Russian intelligence. Lorenzo Franceschi-Bicchierai, a journalist with Vice's Motherboard, chatted with the hacker in Romanian in the days after the DNC hack. The problem was, Guccifer didn't seem to speak the language very well. "He did answer some questions in Romanian," but the answers were very basic, Franceschi-Bicchierai told BBC Trending. "I showed those answers to people who did speak Romanian and they all agreed he wasn't a Romanian speaker," Franceschi-Bicchierai says. "We later put the conversation to linguists and not everyone agreed that he was a Russian speaker but he was definitely not a native Romanian speaker." BBC Trending Radio Listen to more on this story on BBC Trending radio on the BBC World Service. During our exchanges in October - and until the present day - Guccifer 2.0 continued to deny having anything to do with Russia. He also claimed to have more incriminating documents on Hillary Clinton - documents which he urged me to publish. The information was sent to me via encrypted email. But despite the cloak-and-dagger presentation, the material was ultimately disappointing - a mishmash of old stories, publically available documents which were rather dull, and others which were obvious forgeries. I asked him about his motivations. He said he believed that people have the right to know what's going on in the election process. Trying to get friendly journalists to write sympathetic stories is a common tactic of Russia's online intelligence operations, says Lee Foster of FireEye, one of the big computer security firms which has been looking into the Guccifer 2.0 hacks. "This is actually something that we've coined 'direct advocacy'," Foster says. "These false hactivists reach out to journalists but also other individuals, security blogs, and so on to get them to publicise the activity that they've been engaged in and sometimes even to spin particular narratives around those leaks as well." Foster says he's highly confident that the Russian authorities are behind the Guccifer persona. For its part, Moscow denies being behind the leaks, and Julian Assange of Wikileaks says Russia wasn't the source of the leaked DNC emails. I asked Guccifer about Russia. After that, he stopped responding to my messages. In the run-up to the US election in November, Guccifer warned that the Democrats would attempt to rig the vote. But after Donald Trump's victory, he went silent. Last week US intelligence chiefs released a declassified version of a report which has been presented to President Obama and President-Elect Trump. One of the report's key judgements read: "We assess with high confidence that Russian military intelligence (General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate or GRU) used the Guccifer 2.0 persona and DCLeaks.com to release US victim data obtained in cyber operations publicly and in exclusives to media outlets and relayed material to WikiLeaks." It added: "Guccifer 2.0, who claimed to be an independent Romanian hacker, made multiple contradictory statements and false claims about his likely Russian identity throughout the election. Press reporting suggests more than one person claiming to be Guccifer 2.0 interacted with journalists." So could there be several people involved in operating the Guccifer 2.0 persona? Lee Foster from FireEye believes so. "It may be one person who actually looks after the twitter account or it may be part of a team," he told Trending. "But what we certainly can say based on the scale of the activity that we're seeing - that encompasses everything from this initial breach all the way through to the creation of these fake personas to push the information through to the trolling activity trying to push narratives around these leaks - this is not a one person effort. There's quite clearly a concerted and very well resourced and frankly sophisticated operation that is making all of this stuff come together." Late on Thursday, Guccifer broke his two-month silence to respond to the US intelligence agencies report. "Here I am again, my friends!" he announced on his blog. "I'd like to make it clear enough that these accusations are unfounded," the hacker wrote. "I have totally no relation to the Russian government. I'd like to tell you once again I was acting in accordance with my personal political views and beliefs." Several observers noted that Guccifer's English had markedly improved. More from BBC Trending Visit the Trending Facebook page Donald Trump has promised a full report on hacking within 90 days of taking office. Lee Foster from FireEye says we shouldn't get too hung up on the Guccifer 2.0 brand. "What doesn't really matter here is the personas themselves. What matters is to what extent does type of activity continue and potentially expand as well. We're already on the trolling side seeing a redirection towards European elections coming up, particularly France and Germany in 2017," he says. After the report, and his blog re-emergence, I tried once more to contact Guccifer 2.0 on Twitter. He hasn't responded. Blog by Mike Wendling Next story: 'Why I dropped the case against the man who groped me' Samya Gupta, a 21-year-old law student from the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, was napping on a seat near the back of a bus when she felt something on her breasts. READ MORE You can follow BBC Trending on Twitter @BBCtrending, and find us on Facebook. All our stories are at bbc.com/trending.

अमेरिकी खुफिया एजेंसियों का मानना है कि रहस्यमय हैकर व्यक्तित्व पिछले साल के अमेरिकी चुनाव में हस्तक्षेप करने के प्रयासों के केंद्र में था और हैक किए गए दस्तावेजों को वितरित करने के लिए जिम्मेदार था जिसने डेमोक्रेटिक पार्टी को शर्मिंदा किया। लेकिन अब गुसिफर 2 ने रूस से किसी भी संबंध से इनकार करने के लिए दो महीने की खामोशी तोड़ दी है। डोनाल्ड ट्रम्प की जीत से पहले, बीबीसी ट्रेंडिंग के माइक वेंडलिंग ने हैकर के उद्देश्यों की जांच करने की कोशिश करने के लिए गुसिफर 2 के साथ एक ऑनलाइन बातचीत शुरू की।


Viewpoint: US must confront its Original Sin to move forward

Summary: Following the death of George Floyd while under arrest, protests have consumed America and onlookers have wondered how one of the most powerful countries in the world could descend into such chaos.

By Barrett Holmes PitnerContributor Despite being defined by race, American society does not spend much time analysing the history of our racial divisions, and America prefers to believe in the inevitable progression towards racial equality. The election of Barack Obama in 2008 fed into this narrative of progress, but Donald Trump's presidential victory in 2016 was seen as a step backwards, coming after a campaign with a slogan that championed America's divisive past as a form of progress. Floyd's death now appears to be the tipping point for an exhausted, racially divided nation still in the throes of the coronavirus pandemic and the economic cost that followed. **WARNING: This article contains a racial slur** Floyd's cries of "I can't breathe" echoed the cries of Eric Garner, who was choked by police on a New York City sidewalk in 2014. Floyd's words reminded Americans of the oppressive past we work to forget regardless of whether it is six years ago, 60 years ago, the 1860s, or 1619 when some of the first slaves arrived in America. To a large extent, America's neglect of the past and belief in progress have left many Americans unaware of the severity and scope of our racial tensions, and as a result many Americans lack the words to articulate our current turmoil. Recently, I have used the word ethnocide meaning "the destruction of culture while keeping the people" to describe America's past and present racial tensions, and this language also helps articulate the uniqueness of America's race problem. In 1941, Raphael Lemkin, a Polish Jew and distinguished lawyer, immigrated to the United States as he fled the Nazis. While in America he implored the American government to stop the Nazis from killing his people, and as his words fell on deaf ears, he realized he needed to create a new word to describe the unique horror befalling his people. In 1944, Lemkin coined the words genocide and ethnocide. Lemkin intended for the words to be interchangeable but over time they diverged. Genocide became the destruction of a people and their culture, and this word radically changed the world for the better. Ethnocide became the destruction of culture while keeping the people, and has been ignored for decades. Recently, ethnocide has been used to describe the plight of indigenous people against colonisation, but regarding America, ethnocide also pertains to the transatlantic slave trade and the founding of the nation. From the beginning of the transatlantic slave trade, European colonisers destroyed the culture of African people, but kept their bodies in order to create the chattel slavery system that became the economic and social foundation of the United States. Colonisers prevented Africans from speaking their languages and practising their religions. Tribal and familial bonds were broken, and African people could no longer identify as Igbo, Yoruba, and Malian. Instead de-cultured names such as nigger, negro, coloured, and black were stamped upon African people. Additionally, Europeans identified themselves as white, and in the United States the one-drop rule was created to sustain that division. One drop of black or African blood meant that a person could not be white. In America, whiteness became a zero-sum identity that was maintained by systemic racial division. Interracial marriage was still illegal in much of America until the Loving vs Virginia decision in 1967. Read more from Barrett From colonisation to the formation of the United States, America has created countless laws and policies to sustain the racial division between blacks and whites forged by ethnocide. These American norms, extending to housing, education, employment, healthcare, law enforcement and environmental protections including clean drinking water, have disproportionately harmed African Americans and other communities of colour in order to sustain racial division and white dominance. George Floyd's murder represents a continuation of the systemic criminalisation and oppression of black life in America that has always been the American norm dating back to Jim Crow, segregation (which means apartheid), and slavery. When the Confederacy, the collection of American slave-holding states in the South, seceded from the United States, they launched the Civil War to defend the immoral institution of slavery. After losing the Civil War, these states were readmitted back into the United States. To this day, many Americans, and especially America hate groups, still celebrate Confederate soldiers and politicians as heroes, and there are monuments and memorials dedicated to them across America. Despite the American South losing the Civil War in 1865, American President Andrew Johnson pardoned Confederate soldiers, and soon thereafter Confederate politicians won elected office in the newly-reunited America. The influence of former slave owners and Confederates contributed to erasing the rights that African Americans won in the 1860s including citizenship and the right to vote. The political campaign to remove African American rights was called the Redeemers movement, and it was led by former slave-owners and Confederates, who wanted to redeem the South by returning it to the norms of chattel slavery. The Redeemers and "Make America Great Again" derive from America's oppressive, ethnocidal school of thought. The Redeemers were also assisted by American terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) that were made up of former Confederate soldiers. The KKK, and many other white supremacist groups, terrorised and lynched black Americans, and they also prevented them from voting to help ensure that Redeemer candidates won elected office. The terrorists became the government. By the start of the 20th Century, the Redeemers had succeeded in undoing the racial equality progress of the post-Civil War Reconstruction era, and now Jim Crow segregation became the norm of the American South. The Supreme Court's decision in Plessy vs Ferguson made "separate but equal" the new law of the land, and America again became a legal apartheid state. According to the Equal Justice Initiative's 2017 report Lynching in America, over 4,400 lynchings of African Americans occurred from 1877-1950. That is more than a lynching a week for 74 years. During Jim Crow, America could not legally deny black people their humanity, but they could deny them the services that are afforded to human beings. Black people were denied education, housing, employment, and were expected to "know their place" as a perpetually subjugated people. Large prisons were erected on former plantations; black people were arrested for minor crimes and given long prison sentences doing manual labour on the same land their ancestors were forced to work as enslaved people. As a result of Jim Crow, millions of African Americans fled the neo-slavery and terror of the South during the Great Migration, and racial tensions spread as other American cities did not welcome these domestic refugees. This is the same journey as the Underground Railroad, where prior to the Civil War enslaved African Americans escaped the South and sought refuge in Canada and the Northern parts of America. The civil rights movement of the 1960s effectively ended Jim Crow, and African Americans began reclaiming the rights, specifically voting rights and freedom of movement, they had previously won in the 1860s, but it is a long road to dismantle systemic and legalised racism and segregation. Obama's election in 2008 was a monumental event in American society, but it did not magically erase the systemic racism woven into America's social fabric and the 2012 killing of Trayvon Martin, 17, helped launch the Black Lives Matter movement to national attention. Trayvon was shot and killed by George Zimmerman as he walked home in his own neighbourhood because Zimmerman thought he looked suspicious. Martin was unarmed. Zimmerman pled self-defence and a jury found him not guilty of second-degree murder and manslaughter. Trayvon was one of countless African Americans killed by America's ethnocidal society that sanctions terror from both the government and civilians. The unjust killing of black people by the police and racist vigilantes remained the norm during Obama's presidency, but now the black community could record and document these crimes on video, and had a president who would defend them. Obama famously said: "If I had a son, he'd look like Trayvon." The emergence of the Black Lives Matter movement and other protests under Obama occurred because black Americans were confident that the White House would listen to their cries of "I can't breathe" and make American society finally equitable and just. Under Trump those cries have fallen on deaf ears and tensions have escalated. America has much work to do to fix our racial tensions because our divisions and inequality are forged in our ethnocidal roots. We need to reform the policing of a nation nearly the size of a continent with over 300 million people, but we also need to make our education, healthcare, and housing systems, and every facet of our democracy more equitable. Additionally, truth and reconciliation commissions, a national apology, reparations, holding evildoers accountable, and other processes nations have used to heal after a genocide, the linguistic sibling of ethnocide, will help America change course and forge equality and justice. Also, America has rarely criminalised white supremacist hate and terror and instead has spent centuries normalising white terrorist groups, celebrating them as heroes, and letting them decide if their actions are evil or not. This is why the Confederacy is still celebrated today. Europe did not allow fascists and Nazis to determine if their actions were good or not, but America has always given this luxury to racist slave-owners and their generational apologists and offspring. This must change. Rwanda, Germany, and South Africa have reckoned with their troubled past to make a better future, but America has long preferred to ignore the past, and proclaim the inevitability of progress. America today must define and confront the Original Sin of slavery, ethnocide, and the cultural destruction it has inflicted upon all Americans, past and present. Otherwise we will fail to make a better future, and will continue our regression. Barrett is a writer, journalist and filmmaker focusing on race, culture and politics

गिरफ्तारी के दौरान जॉर्ज फ्लॉयड की मौत के बाद, विरोध प्रदर्शनों ने अमेरिका को खा लिया है और दर्शकों को आश्चर्य है कि दुनिया के सबसे शक्तिशाली देशों में से एक इस तरह की अराजकता में कैसे उतर सकता है।


Met Police officers to keep anonymity in 'Duggan gun' trial

Summary: Seven police officers can give evidence anonymously at a trial of a man accused of supplying a gun to the man whose death sparked last summer's riots.

A judge at Snaresbrook Crown Court said the Met officers could give evidence from behind a screen using pseudonyms at Kevin Hutchinson-Foster's trial. The judge said he made the order to prevent them from coming to harm. Police believe the weapon used could be the same gun found at the shooting of Mark Duggan on 4 August. His death prompted rioting in Tottenham, north London, last August which then spread to other parts of London and across England. The trial of Mr Hutchinson-Foster, 29, is due to begin in September. The officers are a mixture of firearms and surveillance officers.

सात पुलिस अधिकारी उस व्यक्ति के मुकदमे में गुमनाम रूप से सबूत दे सकते हैं, जिस पर उस व्यक्ति को बंदूक की आपूर्ति करने का आरोप है, जिसकी मौत ने पिछली गर्मियों के दंगों को जन्म दिया था।


Pakistan election: Taliban threats hamper secular campaign

Summary: The cancellation of a key political rally that was to kick-start the election campaign of one of the largest political parties in Pakistan is seen by many as indicative of hard times for the country's secular political forces in the coming days.

By M Ilyas KhanBBC News, Islamabad The Pakistan People's Party (PPP) abandoned plans for Wednesday night's rally in its native stronghold of Larkana town following what party leaders called "security threats" from militants. The PPP is one of three parties recently named by a spokesman of the Pakistani Taliban as "legitimate" targets for militant attacks during the elections, due in May. The other two parties on the hit list are the Karachi-based MQM, and the Pashtun nationalist ANP party which has its main base in the north-western province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and also enjoys sizeable support in Karachi. All three are professedly secular, and were partners in the government that completed its five-year term last month. Similar Taliban threats forced former military ruler Gen Pervez Musharraf, also known for his secular leanings, to cancel a welcome rally on 24 March, the day he returned to the country after a four-year long self-imposed exile. These threats follow huge election rallies already held by former cricketer Imran Khan's PTI, former prime minister Nawaz Sharif's PML-N and Maulana Fazlur Rahman's JUI-F. Parties like Jamaat-e-Islami and the political wings of some of the jihadi and sectarian groups also have an open field for campaigning. All these parties are either overtly religious, or are run by right-wing liberals with religious leanings. Campaign of attacks The question is, can the secularists defy the militant threat and assert themselves to ensure a level playing field in the vote? An answer would depend on how serious the militant threat really is, and whether the country's intelligence-cum-security apparatus has the competence or the will to deal with it. Thus far, the militants have repeatedly demonstrated their ability to attack the secular parties, while the security forces have failed to clear them out of their known sanctuaries in the north-west. The ANP party, which led the outgoing administration in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, has been the worst hit. In October 2008, the party's chief, Asfandyar Wali, narrowly escaped a suicide bomb attack near his residence in Charsadda. Since then, the party's top leaders have limited their movements and have avoided public exposure. A recent report by BBC Urdu said that more than 700 ANP activists have been killed by snipers or suicide bombers during the last four years, including a top party leader, Bashir Bilour. In recent weeks, low-intensity bombs have gone off at several local ANP election meetings, reducing its ability to conduct an open campaign. Wings clipped The PPP's losses at the grassroots level are minimal, but it did suffer a major shock in 2007 when its charismatic leader and former prime minister, Benazir Bhutto, was assassinated in a gun and bomb attack. The then government, which was headed by Gen Musharraf, blamed the attack on the Pakistani Taliban on the basis of some communication intercepts and half a dozen arrests. In June 2011, Ms Bhutto's husband and by then the president of Pakistan, Asif Zardari, was stopped from visiting his ailing father in an Islamabad hospital after the intelligence agencies uncovered what they claimed to be an assassination plot involving several Taliban suicide bombers. As for the MQM, it has its main base in Karachi, and is reported to have a strong militant wing of its own, a claim it denies. But in recent months its activists have been targeted by the Taliban, including a provincial lawmaker, Manzar Imam. Whether or not these parties will hit the campaign trail in a big way just as their right-wing competitors have done will become clear over the coming days and weeks. They will be desperate to do so. Their leaders, especially those of the PPP and ANP, have been out of touch with the voters for nearly four years due to restricted movement. Their inability to openly access the voters now may make it difficult for them not only to stem some of the unpopularity they may have earned during their incumbency, but also to prevent their more loyal vote-bank being eroded. For many, the situation is becoming more like the 2002 elections, when the military regime of Gen Musharraf forced the main political leaders into exile, creating conditions for religious forces and conservatives to sweep the election. Often those with the largest vote, the secular political forces have in the past had their wings clipped repeatedly by a powerful military establishment which finds an Islamic image of the state more suited to its security needs. Now that job is being done by the Taliban.

पाकिस्तान के सबसे बड़े राजनीतिक दलों में से एक के चुनाव अभियान की शुरुआत करने के लिए एक प्रमुख राजनीतिक रैली के रद्द होने को कई लोगों द्वारा आने वाले दिनों में देश की धर्मनिरपेक्ष राजनीतिक ताकतों के लिए कठिन समय के संकेत के रूप में देखा जा रहा है।


The crop that put women on top in Zanzibar

Summary: Seaweed has been hailed as a new superfood, and it's also found in toothpaste, medicine and shampoo. In Zanzibar, it's become big business - and as it has been farmed principally by women, it has altered the sexual balance of power.

By Lucy AshBBC World Service, Zanzibar Just after dawn, a group of women carrying ropes and sticks on their heads walk to the beach to plant seaweed at low tide. Knee deep in the water, they drive the sticks into the sand. Small pieces of seaweed are then attached to rope strung out between the posts. In just over six weeks, these seedlings will grow tenfold and be ready to harvest. Some will be eaten but most will be dried, sold to a local broker and exported. Raucous laughter mingles with the sound of wet skirts flapping in the breeze. The women crack jokes and exchange gossip - it's like a watery neighbourhood allotment. When seaweed farming was first introduced in the early 1990s, men thought it wasn't worth their while. They preferred fishing or jobs in tourism. But some didn't want their wives to farm either. Mohamed Mzale, a community leader in the east coast village of Paje puts it bluntly: "I thought this seaweed business was a kind of family planning because after hours on the beach and work in the house our women were very tired - they had no time - you know… to make babies." Mohamed initially refused to allow his first wife to go with the others. "She was sad and crying a lot," he says. So eventually he relented. Seaweed farming has proved a liberating force on the overwhelmingly Muslim island. Until recently most women in the villages only left their houses to go to a funeral, a wedding or to visit a sick relative. Their isolation was even reflected in the architecture - many houses have stone benches along the outside wall to allow men to receive visitors at home without compromising the privacy of their women indoors. "At the beginning some husbands threatened divorce if their wives went out to farm seaweed," says marine biologist Flower Msuya. "But when they saw the money women were making, they slowly began to accept it." Women began visiting the market and travelling on buses to the capital rather than leaving all the shopping to their husbands. Soon many families could afford school books and uniforms, furniture, better food and roofs made of corrugated iron rather than grass. Safia Mohamed, a seaweed farmer from the village of Bweleo on the south-west coast, has done exceptionally well for herself. She has a shop where she sells seaweed soap, jam and chutney. With the proceeds she bought her sons a fishing boat, a scooter and built a big family house. I admire the shiny white floor tiles and fancy corniced ceilings but she is much prouder of something else. "I have four children, I have been married since 1985 and I'm my husband's only wife," she says. Safia tells me she'd have to accept a second wife, because that's Islamic law. But quickly adds that the new woman would have to sleep somewhere else - not in her house. Find out more Listen to Assignment: Seaweed, Sex and Liberation on BBC World Service Under the tranquil surface of Paje, all manner of domestic dramas are unfolding - some worthy of a soap opera plot. Along with polygamy, divorce is also commonplace. Nearly 50 women on the island were divorced for voting in the 2015 elections or for voting for a politician their husband disapproved of. Some women on the island appear to have been emboldened by their financial independence. Marital disputes are usually dealt with at one of the 10 Islamic Shariah law courts on Zanzibar and the neighbouring island of Pemba. Theoretically, either partner has the right to seek divorce, although in practice it is instigated by the husband. Like the savvy businesswoman Safia, Mwanaisha Makame has also put her seaweed money into real estate. I assume the half-built house she shows me near the taxi rank is for her grown-up children but she says no, it's a place where she can live in case her marriage breaks down. It is an insurance policy in a society where men are seldom forced to pay alimony. "There's no guarantee in marriage in Zanzibar," she laughs. "If our husband falls for some other woman, love can make him crazy and he can just tell you to go." I wonder if there is much jealousy between women in the village. Mwanaisha stops smiling and gives me a hard look. "Yes. A lot!" she says. The women here have another problem to deal with - climate change. Most of Zanzibar archipelago's seaweed is grown on the island of Pemba, which has rocky inlets rather than flat wide beaches and consequently been less affected by rising water temperatures. But in Paje seaweed stopped growing for three years from 2011. It gradually returned, but only the low-value spinosum variety which contains less of the substance - carrageenan - which is used as a thickening agent in foods, cosmetics and medicines. As a result, the business is now less lucrative. To make matters worse, for a while the warmer sea temperatures encouraged a form of blue-green algae that gave the women painful rashes and blisters. Many in Paje gave up the business - out of 450 seaweed farmers working in the town 20 years ago, only 150 are left. Reziki, Mwanaisha's neighbour, badly needs money with seven children but she is now selling fried samosas instead. Other women who used to farm seaweed on the beach are now making handicrafts which they can sell to sunbathing tourists. Still, the fact that they are at work outside the house is one of seaweed's legacies. Marine biologists say the best way to make seaweed more profitable again is to plant cottonii - a valuable variety containing more carrageenan - in deeper, cooler water. But there's a hitch. The women need boats - and they don't know how to swim. I get into the sea at high tide with a group of women in the village of Mungoni wearing lifejackets and straw hats. Their long wrap around skirts make learning breast stroke very difficult if not dangerous. There is a lot of screaming and nervous laughter. One woman in a flowery dress is clinging tightly to a mangrove tree - she looks terrified. But out of the water she regains her composure. "I was happy because I was learning," she says. "If men can swim, we can too." Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter. Listen to Assignment: Seaweed, Sex and Liberation on BBC World Service

समुद्री शैवाल को एक नए सुपरफूड के रूप में जाना जाता है, और यह टूथपेस्ट, दवा और शैम्पू में भी पाया जाता है। ज़ांज़ीबार में, यह एक बड़ा व्यवसाय बन गया है-और जैसा कि इसे मुख्य रूप से महिलाओं द्वारा उगाया गया है, इसने शक्ति के यौन संतुलन को बदल दिया है।


The fashion designer still making clothes in his parents' garage

Summary: Staging your first show at London Fashion Week is a big deal.

By Hannah MooreNewsbeat reporter at London Fashion Week For new designers, it means getting their clothes seen by the world's press and buyers, alongside established brands like Burberry and Versace. "You study fashion, and that's what you dream of doing. To be actually doing it is really surreal," says designer Supriya Lele. Newsbeat finds out how she and other emerging British designers have managed it. Matty Bovan Despite graduating from art school Central Saint Martins two years ago, Matty has become one of the most talked about designers at fashion week. This is a photo of Matty from his Instagram account. "I was always really focused, and I really wanted to do it, which I find kind of weird, looking back," says the 27-year-old. "My parents never went to uni, so it was quite a rare thing for me to go, but I think if you work hard, it does pay off." The Yorkshire-based designer showed his collection as part of Fashion East. The not-for-profit organisation supports new designers by giving them bursaries and mentoring. "I think it's very important that people realise designers can work outside London. Everything's made in York. "I was lucky I got bursaries at Saint Martins, and we do get a bursary from Fashion East, but I live with my parents. "It's super hard to make a living, make it work and pay the bills. A show is incredibly expensive. The set, the lights, everything. "There's a huge, huge team of people. We have probably 100 just for me, because you have a short space of time to do make-up and hair. It's a lot. A video showing all his designs was put on Instagram. "My biggest piece of advice would be, 'Just stick to your own style, and never let people change you.' It's totally possible to do this." Supriya Lele "That was my first runway, so it was completely exhilarating," Supriya tells Newsbeat backstage. She's also been supported by Fashion East, creating a collection inspired by her Indian heritage. "Being part of London Fashion Week is mad," explains the 30-year-old, who graduated from the Royal College of Art last year. "In terms of the high glamour of it all, it's not really like that. "It's a lot of hard, hard work, for months and months, for five minutes." She says any would-be designer should "believe in yourself, and push yourself. It will happen". Molly Goddard Rihanna and Fearne Cotton are among the fans of Molly Goddard's pastel princess dresses. Mayor of London Sadiq Khan even came backstage to congratulate the 28-year-old after her show. "It was fun. It's three years since the first [fashion event] we ever did, and that feels mad, going from working in my mum's tiny, tiny spare bedroom to having a studio, and employing people," she says. The London-born designer is supported by NewGen, a British Fashion Council scheme that helped launch the careers of Alexander McQueen and Christopher Kane, among others. And her signature oversized designs have been imitated by almost every high street shop. "When I got NewGen support, that catapulted [my career]. "But the main thing is getting help from my friends and my family. It's very much a family business now," says Molly, who employs her sister Alice as a stylist on her shows. She says it's important not to give up if you don't make it as a designer. "It's not all about being like me. There are millions of other jobs in fashion. Molly uploaded a photo from London Fashion Week to Instagram. "Like if you're interested in numbers, it's very useful. People who are good at spreadsheets, at colour... there are lots of relevant roles that are just as interesting as what I do." Find us on Instagram at BBCNewsbeat and follow us on Snapchat, search for bbc_newsbeat

लंदन फैशन वीक में अपना पहला शो आयोजित करना एक बड़ी बात है।


Sandbanks chain ferry resumes crossing after refit

Summary: A chain ferry service in Dorset has resumed after it was out of action for five weeks due to maintenance checks.

Passengers were faced with a 25-mile detour while the Sandbanks to Studland crossing was suspended at the beginning of November. The ferry was taken to Southampton where it underwent a refit. The Bournemouth-Swanage Motor Road Ferry Company apologised for the inconvenience but said it was happy the service was back up and running. The operator said it made sense to carry out the work in November as it was its quietest month of the year.

डोरसेट में एक श्रृंखला नौका सेवा रखरखाव जांच के कारण पांच सप्ताह तक बंद रहने के बाद फिर से शुरू हो गई है।


Graphics: Europe's asylum seekers

Summary: Syria's brutal civil war is pushing a new wave of migrants towards Europe. Their numbers have surged, but many asylum seekers in Europe have also fled the conflicts and turmoil in Afghanistan, Iraq and the Horn of Africa.

European governments are struggling to co-ordinate their response to the influx. Large movements of migrants from country to country quickly fuel suspicions that some politicians are trying to shift the burden on to their neighbours. Greece and Italy - major entry points for migrants - say there must be more burden-sharing in the EU, especially as they have been hit hard by the eurozone crisis. Migrants continue to board overcrowded, rickety boats, risking their lives. More than 3,000 migrants have died crossing the Mediterranean this year, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) reported in September - more than four times the estimated deaths in 2013. In one of the worst incidents, at least 300 migrants drowned off Malta in early September. Survivors said their boat had been rammed by Egyptian people traffickers. Among industrialised countries, Germany now receives the most asylum claims - in 2013 it overtook the US. The increase in Germany has been fuelled by big migrant flows from war-torn Syria and Iraq, Deutsche Welle news website reports. (Total applications includes some asylum seekers not yet officially registered) In 2013 Syria became the top country of origin among those seeking asylum in the EU. In 2012 Afghanistan was in the top slot, followed by Russia and then Syria. The UN says asylum claims have soared to their highest level since the wars in former Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Globally Europe is by far the top destination for asylum seekers. Asylum is granted to those who say they are fleeing persecution and who can convince the authorities that they would face harm or even death if they were to be sent back. Germany handles about a quarter of the total asylum claims in the EU. The influx has put a great strain on the reception centres housing asylum seekers. France is the second biggest destination. But often English-speaking migrants head for the UK, which is home to large communities from Pakistan, Somalia and Middle Eastern countries. Among the asylum seekers from Russia there are many Chechens, whose homeland was devastated by war between separatist rebels and Russian troops. The asylum seekers from Serbia include many Roma and ethnic Albanians, who complain of discrimination in Serbia. It is important to remember that developing countries host more than 80% of the world's refugees. People fleeing conflict or persecution often end up in a neighbouring country - but many do not want to settle there permanently. Pakistan, with 1.6 million refugees, ranks highest for sheltering refugees. The vast majority of Afghan refugees are in Pakistan and Iran. Most Syrian refugees are in neighbouring Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq, and most have not made formal asylum claims. In such cases of massive displacement - Somalia is a similar case - those fleeing are automatically recognised as refugees, a spokesman for the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) told the BBC. The refugees register and their stay is regulated, so they are protected from being sent back, the UNHCR's Andrej Mahecic said. It is not individual asylum processing as happens in Europe. Many countries do not have a national asylum system. For many asylum seekers Europe is easier to reach overland or by boat, especially those fleeing conflicts in the Middle East or Africa. And people traffickers already have well-established smuggling routes to Europe. The figures illustrate why immigration has become such a hot topic in Europe. Globally Syria has overtaken Afghanistan as the top country of origin among asylum seekers. In 2013 the numbers from Iraq - racked by war, like neighbouring Syria - rose above those from China and Pakistan. The main countries of origin have anti-government minorities and dissidents who allege discrimination or persecution.

सीरिया का क्रूर गृहयुद्ध प्रवासियों की एक नई लहर को यूरोप की ओर धकेल रहा है। उनकी संख्या में वृद्धि हुई है, लेकिन यूरोप में कई शरण चाहने वाले भी अफगानिस्तान, इराक और हॉर्न ऑफ अफ्रीका में संघर्ष और उथल-पुथल से भाग गए हैं।


Hong Kong protesters turn to Uber and Pokemon

Summary: In late July, Hong Kong protesters returning from a demonstration were attacked by a group of men wearing white shirts. Soon afterwards, anonymous adverts appeared online calling for a mass Pokemon Go hunt in a town where the suspected attackers had congregated a week earlier.

By Danny VincentBBC News, Hong Kong "If we said that we were going to an unauthorised protest it would have provided good evidence for the police to charge us," said KK, an office worker and protester in his late 20s, who asked for his identity to be protected. Thousands of protesters gathered at the location, recognising that the video game - which lets players pit virtual monsters against each other at real-world locations - had been used as a way to gather people together for a very different kind of battle. Crowds were eventually dispersed with tear gas as police and protesters clashed into the late evening. "Many people think of creative ways to gather people," KK added. "We will occasionally 'play' Pokemon Go, or take part in 'Bible reading groups' or 'history tours'." AirDrop used to share protest details Mass demonstrations against a now-suspended extradition bill started in Hong Kong in the spring. Among the protesters' demands are amnesty for anyone arrested during the demonstrations and greater choice in future elections held in the semi-autonomous city. And they are are finding increasingly creative ways to organise and stage their rallies. From chats on the private messaging app Telegram to Uber's ride-hailing service, apps have become an integral part of the way that Hong Kong's youth-led movement is organised. On packed subways, protesters anonymously send freshly-designed posters via Apple's wi-fi and Bluetooth-based file-transfer facility AirDrop - to share times and locations. "At the very early stage of the movement, Telegram was mostly used to spread information to protesters," said Rob, a university graduate and active protester in his 20s. "Information typically included real-time locations of the police force, the situations at different front lines on different streets and locations of first aid stations, gas masks, goggles, bottles of water." Now, he explained, it is frequently used to place orders for Uber pick-ups. The drivers disable their GPS (global positioning system) receivers to avoid being tracked as they offer rides home to protesters who need to leave the scene. "Volunteer drivers now submit their location, destination and licence number to the admin of the [relevant Telegram] channel," says Rob. "Protesters can see from the real-time map - Uber drivers at the same location usually means pick-up points... to get away." Another protester, who wanted to be known as NA7PNQ, added that he recently used Uber to travel through various different protest sites, picking up protesters needing to be "evacuated". The Abacus news site has also reported that the dating app Tinder has been used to help organise events. Alex, a full-time protester who quit his job to focus on the movement. said he would not leave home without a smartphone and a portable charger. "Information on police's location from the scouts are key to reach protest location or escape without being caught," he explained. "On the protest day, I do what I do best in the field, in the front line, and in other days I help reviewing our actions, making promotion materials. "We have friends who live in foreign countries to share it on Facebook and WhatsApp. But we won't do it ourselves as it is just too risky." On the ground, protesters also make use of an anonymous Hong Kong forum called Lihkg. It helps them arrange to share out specific tasks. Rob specialises in putting out tear gas canisters fired by the police. KK believes that the use of apps is key to the "leaderless nature" of the movement. Since early June, police have arrested more than 500 protesters. The demonstrators say using online tools - which help them protect their anonymity - has helped avoid individuals being targeted. "All of the people in the Umbrella Movement were jailed for inciting people to protest, now people tend not to be so open about encouraging people to protest," KK says, referencing the 2014 pro-democracy protests and subsequent imprisonment of their leaders. Another resident compares the street battles to a last-player-standing video game popular in Hong Kong. "There is no-one in charge. They look like they are playing the mobile phone game PUGB [Player Unknown Battlegrounds]." And while protesters are actually turning to games like Pokemon Go to push their agenda, they are also subverting its slogan - a point the same resident makes without apparently realising it. "It's not easy for the police to catch all of them because they are not one organised group," he says. "When the police catch one, they can only catch one team. "They can't catch them all."

जुलाई के अंत में, एक प्रदर्शन से लौट रहे हांगकांग के प्रदर्शनकारियों पर सफेद शर्ट पहने पुरुषों के एक समूह द्वारा हमला किया गया था। इसके तुरंत बाद, गुमनाम विज्ञापन ऑनलाइन दिखाई दिए जिसमें एक शहर में बड़े पैमाने पर पोकेमॉन गो शिकार का आह्वान किया गया था जहां संदिग्ध हमलावर एक सप्ताह पहले एकत्र हुए थे।


DUP call to bar Sinn Féin's £100,000 Westminster grant

Summary: The DUP has said state funds given to Sinn Fein for research and policy work at Westminster should be withdrawn because the party do not take their parliamentary seats.

Sinn Fein gets an annual grant of £100,000 under a scheme designed for parties that do not sit in the chamber. North Belfast DUP MP Nigel Dodds said that money was hard to justify. The issue is due to be raised at a debate in Westminster later on Tuesday. "We think that it is wrong and there's a cross-party view among many of the parties in Westminster that it is wrong and that needs to be addressed," he said. "I think there is a growing view that given the clampdown on the waste of taxpayers' money generally across the public sector and, indeed, public expenditure, that people are fed up by the situation." Mr Dodds said Tuesday's debate would highlight what he considered a "ludicrous and farcical" situation.

डीयूपी ने कहा है कि वेस्टमिंस्टर में अनुसंधान और नीतिगत कार्यों के लिए सिन फेन को दी गई राज्य निधि को वापस ले लिया जाना चाहिए क्योंकि पार्टी उनकी संसदीय सीटें नहीं लेती है।


Paypal plans daily deal coupons to compete with Groupon

Summary: Online payment service Paypal plans to enter the discount coupon market.

The eBay-owned business said it planned to launch the service in the US before April 2012. Paypal's president, Scott Thompson, told the Bloomberg news agency that his firm would use its knowledge of its 103 million members' past purchases to tailor offers. The move poses a challenge to the sector's two biggest players, Groupon and Livingsocial. Daily deal businesses offer their members the chance to buy goods or services - from spa treatments and sushi to cheap flights and theatre tickets - at a steep discount. Buyers are usually limited to using the coupons within a restricted time span. The daily dealer business then splits the revenue with the organisation providing the goods. Companies may make a loss on the specific offer, but profit if customers return for repeat business. Discount deluge According to the daily deal data aggregator Yipit, four of the biggest players sold close to $210m (£135m) worth of coupons in the US in October. The firms surveyed were Groupon, Livingsocial, Amazonlocal and Google Offers. Mr Thompson said Paypal's service would be "different" because the firm would only offer unique and relevant offers rather than "bombard" its members. A spokesman for the company hinted it might launch coupons in the UK soon after the US. "We don't have any specific plans to bring this to the UK at this stage," said spokesman Rob Skinner. "But Britain is Paypal's second biggest market after the United States, and the past shows that the big developments in the US tends to travel across the Atlantic to the UK very quickly." Although analysts forecast growth for the sector, they have repeatedly warned that the firms involved are likely to face increasing competition because the barrier to entry is relatively low. In the past two years KGB Deals, Time Out, Grabone, the Telegraph newspaper, Discountvouchers, STV and Mightydeals are among those to have started targeting the UK public with discounted coupon offers. Directed deals However, while it may be relatively easy to enter the market, some firms are finding it hard to replicate Groupon and Livingsocial's success. "Daily deals are hard to do - the key to success is flawless execution of the sales process," said Shane Hayes, founder of the deal aggregator service Siftie. "Groupon has proved it can do this and its barrier to entry is more than 5,000 local sales people knocking around doors of businesses around the world. "What we will probably see is next is 'Daily deals 2.0' where things like better targeting, using consumer data, will be used to change consumers' experience of the phenomenon. This may give Paypal an opportunity." In the meantime Groupon intends to maintain its lead by increasing its range of offers. Earlier this week, the firm made headlines when it offered a pair of business class tickets to fly around the world with up to 10 stopovers. The asking price was $20,000 (£12,900).

ऑनलाइन भुगतान सेवा पेपैल छूट कूपन बाजार में प्रवेश करने की योजना बना रहा है।


South Africa's 'toxic' race relations

Summary: BBC Africa editor Fergal Keane visits South Africa's conservative rural areas nearly 25 years after white-minority rule ended, and finds that racism is still deeply embedded but there are also symbols of racial reconciliation.

It was a young boy who noticed us and ran to tell his father. Around 10 years old, blond-haired and barefoot, he rushed indoors. The child looked scared. It was dusk and we were strangers. I caught sight of him in the rear-view mirror as we drove along the dirt road that ran past the tall steel fence that encircled their home. Maybe 10 minutes later, a car approached from behind. Headlights flashed, beckoning us to stop. Revolver on hip We pulled up within a few yards of each other. It was an old car, a Toyota from the 1990s. Beaten and rusted, it is a vehicle of the rural poor. A young white man got out. He wore a baseball cap pulled down over his forehead and his right hand sat on the revolver strapped to his hip. There was a young woman with a baby on her lap in the front seat. She looked exhausted, her hair lank and eyes struggling to stay open. The child was ill, coughing and its face covered in red blotches. I saw the man relax as I got out of the car and approached him. I greeted him in Afrikaans. The hand came away from his hip. "You frightened them, you know," he said, pointing towards the house. "They called up on the radio and we came to check on you. They didn't know who you was. We talk to each other on the radio." He said there had been farm attacks in the area. There was constant theft. The young man pointed across the railway tracks to where the fields were now dissolving into the dark. "The farmer over there, if he sees anyone on his land, he is likely to just take a shot. He will fire at anything. Be more careful, man," he said. 'We will level them with the gravel' This was near Potchefstroom on the "platteland" - an Afrikaans word which refers to the great rolling heartland encompassing vast swathes of the South African interior. More than 20 years after watching black and white leaders negotiate an end to the racist system of apartheid, I was driving west of the main city, Johannesburg, to test how much had changed in what had been the most conservative part of South Africa. Potchefstroom, Ventersdorp, Fochville and numerous other towns and villages had provided the muscle for an abortive right-wing rebellion. The leader of the neo-Nazi Afrikaner Resistance Movement (AWB), Eugene Terreblanche, had sworn never to surrender to black rule. "We will level them with the gravel," I'd heard him declare one hot afternoon in Ventersdorp. There were threats to set up white republics. But the rebellion failed, snuffed out when a black soldier killed three AWB members in cold blood on a rural road and terrified the rest into going home and living with the new dispensation. This was after AWB members shot civilians in and around the platteland town of Mafeking in March 1994. Resenting inequality Terreblanche was murdered 16 years later by one of his own workers. His movement splintered, shrank and became irrelevant. Most Afrikaners accepted the compromise which led to black majority rule. But travelling across the platteland, it is obvious that while dreams of white secession have evaporated, there is much that is unchanged. I was going back to a place where many black people resent the inequality which keeps 67% of arable farmland in white hands, and where white people fear violent attack and dispossession. It is not that South Africa has become newly racist, unequal or violent. It was always all of these things. The violence of racial discrimination and the resentment it bred are part of the nation's DNA. 'Beaten unconscious' Social media has provided an outlet for amplifying the crudest racial slurs and anger over corruption and inequality have stoked an increasingly febrile environment. What is striking is the way in which racial resentment can still be so brutally expressed. Last February a 22-year-old black athlete, Thabang Mosiako, was walking with some friends in Potchefstroom when he saw a shop assistant being insulted by a group of young white men. It was a Saturday night. When Mr Mosiako and a friend intervened, they were set upon. "They were hitting me until I was unconscious," he remembered. "Then I woke up in the hospital, not knowing what happened." His friend, also an athlete, suffered a broken arm. Mr Mosiako runs for South Africa and lost three months from his training because of the beating he received. Worse, he says, is the lingering trauma and fear when he sees groups of white men. "I feel really scared. I can't even go to town alone. I don't know when and where will they come back again." 'Alcohol thrown' Travel 300km (186 miles) north-east to the town of Middelburg and you learn that racist violence can still be lethal. The town has some bad history. In August 2016 two white farmers were filmed beating and then forcing a black man into a coffin in which they told him he would be buried alive. They were given sentences of 11 and 14 years. In another case, Xolisile Ndongzana, 26, was driving home in Middleburg one night last July when he found the road blocked by a group of white men. They approached the car and threw alcohol through the open window, drenching the occupants. Mr Ndongzana was dragged out. His friend, Laurence Nelumoni, witnessed the violence. "They pulled out my friend and beat him. When I tried to save him, it was too late. They used all these 'k-words' - black, kaffir, everything. It was terrible." The "k-word" was the most offensive racial slur used to humiliate black people during the apartheid years. It is a symbol of de-humanisation. Mr Ndongzana died of his injuries. The white attackers have yet to be charged. Mr Nelumoni is rueful when I ask if those who witnessed the end of apartheid were wrong to believe in a "rainbow nation" - the multiracial patchwork of peaceful co-operating groups. "You were wrong. It's not a rainbow nation. Whites still have more powers." What was apartheid? As so often in this country, and in this particular place, there are competing narratives of fear. The white farmers of the platteland worry that their land will be seized under government proposals to take property without compensation. Inflammatory words Populist politicians in the radical Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) and some local leaders of the governing African Nationalist Congress (ANC) have been accused of stoking racial tensions. The South African Human Rights Commission is taking one radical black leader to court over comments he made calling for the killing of white people. Andile Mngxitama, who leads the Black Land First organisation, represents a political fringe but his comments have received widespread publicity and heightened racial tensions. The attacks on white farms - long a feature of rural life - have deepened a sense of alienation from the government on the part of some white farms. Right-wing groups have spread the myth of a white genocide abroad. There is no genocide but there is genuine fear of physical attack and dispossession. More on race relations: Bernadette Hall witnessed the murder of her husband on their farm near Fochville in 2012. Her land is parched and browned from a long southern winter without rain. The cattle are lean. We are standing outside the dairy building where Mrs Hall witnessed her husband's death. "They beat him and he fought with them. But by the end he was on his knees and the one black guy just shot him," she said. She was beaten and tied up as the attackers hunted for money and guns. They found neither. Her two sons live in the nearby town and constantly urge their mother to move away from the farm. But she will not go. "This is my land. I didn't steal it. Why should I move? I belong here," Mrs Hall said. Capacity to surprise Had I left at that moment, I would have come away with an impression of a world incapable of change. The angry racist outbursts and the constant discussion of race on social media give the country a claustrophobic feel these days. But a recent opinion poll by the South African Institute of Race Relations think tank gives some cause for hope. The telephone survey found that 77% of black respondents had never "personally experienced racism directed against them". The same percentage said that "with better education and more jobs, the differences between the races will disappear". Another survey by Afrobarometer found that 92% of South Africans expressed themselves as tolerant towards other ethnicities. Then something happened on our platteland journey. It was at once surprising and yet strangely familiar, a testament to this country's endless capacity to surprise. Earlier we had spotted a bush fire sending a huge cloud of white smoke into the pale blue of the sky. It seemed to be growing in strength. There was a call to Mrs Hall's phone. The man on the other end was speaking Afrikaans and talking about the fire. "Come on. He needs help," she said. 'Great neighbours' We headed in the direction of the smoke. Mrs Hall led the way in her "bakkie" - the ubiquitous pickup jeeps of the platteland - and in a few minutes we were in the middle of the fire and Mrs Hall was shaking the hands of a black man who was fighting the flames. "This is Firi. He's my neighbour," she said. Firi Lekhetha owned the land next to Mrs Hall. He was a young man who had emigrated to the UK to play professional rugby, earned some money and returned to try his hand at farming under a government scheme to encourage black farmers. Soon other white people were arriving and local black farm workers too. The flames were advancing towards Mr Lekhetha's home. Together the group fought them back. They knew the truth of the platteland fire. It spreads. It does not respect fences. "These are great neighbours," Mr Lekhetha shouted to me. "They are always here for me." The flames subsided. Exhausted people slumped on the ground or leaned against bakkies. Mr Lekhetha and Mrs Hall shook hands. He thanked her for the help; she thanked him for the loan of some petrol. I began to ask about the problems of racial animosity on the platteland. Mrs Hall interrupted: "What animosity do you see here? None. There's none." It would be wrong to read too much into the dynamics of a single incident. As I saw earlier in the journey, racism remains pervasive and toxic in South Africa. But the symbol of a fire that consumes all - irrespective of race - is a potent one for this country. As much as they did in 1994, at a time of historic compromise, South Africans need each other.

बीबीसी अफ्रीका के संपादक फर्गल कीन ने श्वेत-अल्पसंख्यक शासन समाप्त होने के लगभग 25 साल बाद दक्षिण अफ्रीका के रूढ़िवादी ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों का दौरा किया और पाया कि नस्लवाद अभी भी गहराई से अंतर्निहित है लेकिन नस्लीय सुलह के प्रतीक भी हैं।


Hunt for London's 12 'most evasive' burglary suspects

Summary: Twelve of London's "most evasive" burglary suspects, including a man who stole more than £10,000 worth of Asian gold, are being hunted by the Met.

The force has released images of the suspects and said the stolen gold, worth a lot for sentimental reasons, is "irreplaceable". A 39-year-old man is being hunted in connection with the crime. More than 1,400 people were arrested over burglary offences from 21 September to 14 December, the Met said. Suspects photographed, left to right: Top row Second row Third row Simon Letchford at the Met's Territorial Policing arm said he was stepping up efforts to find and arrest "outstanding wanted suspects" to tackle burglary in the run up to Christmas. He asked anyone with information to get in touch. Mr Letchford added: "We will use every means at our disposal to catch those wanted so they can face justice, so our message is clear, 'if your face is on this list, hand yourself in - don't ruin Christmas for your family'."

लंदन के "सबसे बचकाने" चोरी के संदिग्धों में से बारह, जिनमें एक व्यक्ति भी शामिल है जिसने 10,000 पाउंड से अधिक का एशियाई सोना चुराया था, का मेट द्वारा शिकार किया जा रहा है।


Actress reveals how she won her role in Star Wars

Summary: Popular culture festival, Fort Con 2, takes place in Fort William this Saturday. One of its guests, American actress Gloria Garcia, has appeared in EastEnders, Bond film Spectre and secured a role in Star Wars: The Force Awakens thanks to her former career as a US sheriff.

By Steven McKenzieBBC Scotland Highlands and Islands reporter Garcia is looking forward to making her first visit to the Scottish Highlands. "How exciting, right?" she says. "I'm waiting for the kilts and bagpipes and good medieval stories." Garcia admits to being a newcomer to the comic convention circuit. She attended her first event only last year and last week was at Sci-Fi Wales. Fort Con 2 will be her third time. "I feel so lucky as it is a very tight network," she says of her invites to events popular with fans of comic books, film and TV shows. "I guess my name was coming up and people were like 'Yeah lets get her in'," she adds, laughing. "I feel so fortunate. It's pretty spectacular being a part of Star Wars fandom." 'Changed my life' Garcia's fandom comes from her appearance in the opening scenes of 2015's JJ Abrams-directed Star Wars: The Force Awakens. Her character is caught up in a battle to save a village on the desert planet Jakku from an invading force of the villainous First Order. But, while auditioning as an extra for the film, Garcia feared she had ruined her chances during an encounter with the director. "There was a moment when director Abrams gathered some of the girls and there were a bunch of 'weapons' lying around and he said: 'Alright pick em up'," says Garcia. "Well, I had a 'gun' and I cocked it and pointed it straight at him. "He looked over at me and says: 'You look like your gonna kill me'. I thought 'oh great I'm being fired as an extra'." But later the director pulled Garcia aside and introduced himself. 'Boom. There you are' Garcia says: "He asked me what I used to do for a living. I said I used to be a Chicago sheriff in the Cook County Sheriff Department. He almost fell over. "The next thing, he was directing me in what was my feature shot. The rest as they say is history. He single-handedly changed my life forever." She adds: "When I win an Oscar he will be the first person I thank." Garcia, who had previously played a police officer in EastEnders and was Monica Bellucci's stand-in in Spectre, said her part in The Force Awakens will live with her forever. "There was a moment when I heard someone calling my name 'Gloria , Gloria...' I thought 'Who is calling me?' and it was JJ Abrams. "He waved me over and showed me on the camera my shot and he said: 'Boom. There you are'. "But truly there are so many moments both on set and the movie itself that I will never forget. "Watching on the big screen the Stormtroopers coming out of the ship to attack Jakku - to see that on set and on the big screen was quite unforgettable." Looking ahead to Saturday's Fort Con 2, she says: "There is no greater reward then being able to meet all the Star Wars fans in person. "They are incredible people all with their own stories. I love them. I would not be if it weren't for them."

लोकप्रिय संस्कृति महोत्सव, फोर्ट कॉन 2, इस शनिवार को फोर्ट विलियम में आयोजित किया जाता है। इसके मेहमानों में से एक, अमेरिकी अभिनेत्री ग्लोरिया गार्सिया, ईस्टएंडर्स, बॉन्ड फिल्म स्पेक्टर में दिखाई दी हैं और उन्होंने अमेरिकी शेरिफ के रूप में अपने पूर्व करियर की बदौलत स्टार वार्सः द फोर्स अवेकन्स में एक भूमिका हासिल की है।


Wrexham police station art gallery plans get go-ahead

Summary: Plans to convert an art gallery into a new home for Wrexham's town centre police station have been approved.

Wrrexham council voted in favour of moving the police station to the former Oriel Wrecsam building on Monday. Plans had been put on hold on 4 January due to concerns over disabled parking. The council-run gallery has already been temporarily relocated and will eventually move to a new arts and culture hub planned for the town. The police's town centre tower block offices are to be demolished.

रेक्सम के टाउन सेंटर पुलिस स्टेशन के लिए एक आर्ट गैलरी को एक नए घर में बदलने की योजना को मंजूरी दी गई है।


WW1 brothels: Why troops ignored calls to resist 'temptation'

Summary: When British soldiers set off for the trenches in 1914, folded inside each of their Pay Books was a short message. It contained a piece of homely advice, written by the Secretary of State for War, Lord Kitchener.

By Dr Clare MakepeaceCultural historian on warfare "In this new experience you may find temptations both in wine and women. You must entirely resist both." In his memoirs Private Frank Richards, who served continuously on the Western Front, recorded men's responses to these words: "They may as well have not been issued for all the notice we took of them." Visiting prostitutes is a little-known and little-discussed aspect of life on the Western Front, but it was a key part of the British soldiers' war experience. Licensed brothels had existed in France since the mid-19th Century - the war saw the trade flourish. 'Not monks' "Immorality in Boulogne is as prevalent as death in the line," recorded Brig Gen Frank Percy Crozier, who arrived on the Western Front in 1915. ''Rouen has been ruinous to my purse (not to mention my morals)," confided James H. Butlin, a lieutenant who, in 1914, swapped his place at Oxford University for one in the trenches. "But I have enjoyed myself," he confessed. Brothels displayed blue lamps if they were for officers and red lamps for other ranks. Outside red lamp establishments, queues or crowds of men were often seen. Cpl Jack Wood compared the scene he witnessed to "a crowd, waiting for a cup tie at a football final in Blighty". Others saw brothel visits as a physical necessity - it was an era when sexual abstinence for men was considered harmful to their health. Lt R. G. Dixon explained in his memoir: "We were not monks, but fighting soldiers and extraordinarily fit, fitter than we had been in our young lives, and fairly tough - certainly with an abundance of physical energy. "If bought love is no substitute for the real thing, it at any rate seemed better than nothing. And in any case it worked off steam!" 'Presence of death' Physical need made it more acceptable for married men, rather than single men, to visit prostitutes. Cpl Bert Chaney, while he surveyed a queue of soldiers outside one red lamp brothel, was told by those who waited in line "these places were not for young lads like me, but for married men who were missing their wives". Brothels were also places where soldiers went to spend what could be their final mortal hours. Twenty-four hours before the major British offensive of the Battle of Loos, Pte Richards saw "three hundred men in a queue, all waiting their turns to go in the Red Lamp". Lt Dixon described how "we were consistently in the presence of death, and no man knew when his turn might come. "I suppose that subconsciously we wanted as much of life as we could get while we still had life." The war poet, Capt Robert Graves, recorded how this life experience was particularly urgent for some: "There were no restraints in France; these boys had money to spend and knew that they stood a good chance of being killed within a few weeks anyhow. "They did not want to die virgins.' Brothel visits could also be a way to avoid death. They gave soldiers a chance to swap time in the trenches for a few weeks in a hospital bed. According to Gunner Rowland Myrddyn Luther, who enlisted in September 1914, and served through to the Allied advance of 1918, a great many soldiers were prepared to chance venereal disease, rather than face a return to the front. 'Belonged to war' "The total number thus infected must have been stupendous, both officers and men alike. "In fact the contraction of such a disease seemed sought after, even if only to keep a man from the front during treatment." The numbers infected were indeed quite "stupendous". Around 400,000 cases of venereal disease were treated during the course of the war. In 1916, one in five of all admissions of British and dominion troops to hospitals in France and Belgium were for VD. But, succumbing to the temptation Kitchener had warned against was, for many, confined to the extraordinary circumstances of war. For Lt Dixon "the business was compartmentalised - it was, as it were, shut off from normal human relationships, and belonged to this lunatic world of war and to nowhere else." The visits of Tommies and their officers to brothels are unlikely to receive attention in the World War One centenary, but they should. Pte Percy Clare included "the subject" in his memoir because he was "writing faithfully of our life in France". As he summed it up "it is better to know the truth".

1914 में जब ब्रिटिश सैनिक खाइयों के लिए रवाना हुए, तो उनकी प्रत्येक वेतन पुस्तिका के अंदर एक छोटा सा संदेश था। इसमें गृह संबंधी सलाह का एक टुकड़ा था, जिसे युद्ध सचिव, लॉर्ड किचनर ने लिखा था।


Firefighters tackle 'two-mile long' Dartmoor gorse fire

Summary: Firefighters have been tackling a "two-mile long" gorse fire in Devon, a fire service has said.

People were urged to avoid Watern Tor on Dartmoor while the blaze was brought under control. The National Police Air Service (NPAS) in Exeter was called to assist Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service at 13:00 BST. Residents said smoke could be "seen for miles" but there was "no threat" to the public, the NPAS said.

अग्निशमन सेवा ने कहा है कि दमकलकर्मी डेवोन में "दो मील लंबी" गोर्स आग से निपट रहे हैं।


The landmarks that mean you're nearly home

Summary: They're the sights that mean the journey's end is near and the comforts of home await. From towers to trees and works of art, BBC News takes a trip around some of your favourite roadside landmarks that loom large above the landscape.

By Amy GladwellBBC News Cookworthy Knapp, Devon The copse of 140 beech trees stands proudly atop a hillside to the south of the A30 at Lifton on the approach to Cornwall from Devon. Local historians believe the trees were planted in about 1900, either as a landscape feature to mark the northern edge of the Lifton Park Estate, or as cover for pheasants. Artist Katy Stoneman, who is from the area, said: "They are known to my children as 'Mummy's trees' because of my paintings. "As it is such an iconic view and means so much to visitors and locals alike, it is known by many different names: 'Cornwall beyond', 'Grandma's trees', 'nearly home'," she said. Diana Kempster, from Launceston, said: "We used to think it was 'our copse' (small-minded arrogance!) and would chirp out 'nearly there'. "There is something almost ethereal and otherworldly about the copse... counting everyone safely in then bidding them a safe goodbye." Transmitter at Emley Moor, West Yorkshire The Arqiva Tower transmitter, which overlooks the Pennines and West Yorkshire, is known by locals as the Emley Moor Mast. The 1,083ft (330m) Grade II-listed structure is taller than The Shard in London. Its television coverage area is one of the largest in the UK, serving most of Yorkshire including Hull, Leeds, Sheffield and York. Emily Wells told the BBC: "I've lived in Flockton all my life so see it every day from my window. Driving past, I never tire of slowing down and looking up. "I went up a couple of years ago, which was amazing. I cried as we walked out on to the gallery as it took my breath away." Teacher Lindsay Burrell said: "I grew up in the shadow of the mast for nearly 20 years. As a child we used to play 'first to spot the mast wins' on journeys back home from visiting family or going on holiday." Vikki Brown said: "I suppose it is a bit of a constant in a mad world, and, crazy as it might sound, it feels as though there's an invisible string that tethers me to it." Jill Kynaston, 60, said: "My mum used to cry when she saw the mast after fab holidays because we were nearly home and the holiday was definitely over." Kate Watto, 40, recalled that when she was a child her father made a video of their new house in Emley including footage of the mast, complete with a classical music soundtrack. "As we turned down the hill from Wakefield and caught sight of the mast for the first time, we knew we were nearly home and we all started singing the main theme," she said. "From then on this was our soundtrack whenever we spotted the mast after a trip away." Didcot Power Station, Oxfordshire The site's chimney is one of the tallest structures in the UK and its three remaining cooling towers - which are due to be demolished - can be seen from miles around. The coal-fired Didcot A power station was turned off in 2013, after 43 years in service. During demolition work on the site in February 2016, four men were killed when part of a boiler house collapsed. Francis Caton, from Abingdon, said he had an emotional association with the site. "I was sent away to boarding school in York, where I was bullied without respite," he said. "On my long train journey home from York to Didcot at the end of each term, I used to view the lights of the power station in the night sky from the open train window from Oxford onwards, watching them get slowly closer with each clickety-clack of the train's wheels whilst the wind whistled through my hair, knowing that when I finally reached the lights I would be safe." Emily Rees, 35, from Oxford, said: "I am nostalgically attached to the cooling towers now. "They are such a big part of the horizon and can be pretty striking when the morning sun hits them." Glastonbury Tor, Somerset Glastonbury Tor has been a location of religious significance for more than 1,000 years and is known as "one of the most spiritual sites in the country", according to the National Trust. Pagan beliefs are still "very much celebrated" at the tor and legend has it King Arthur and his knights of the round table also visited it, the trust said. Bethany Dawes said: "It has inspired a monument in a story I am writing, it is that special... we also recently released the ashes of our family dog around the tor." Kate Cook told the BBC: "I lived in Glastonbury all my life until six years ago... coming down over Wells Hill, my heart skips a beat as I know I'm home. "My memories are climbing the tor nearly every day in the school summer holidays with our jam sandwiches and a bottle of water. Then we would roly-poly down the hill," she said. Hazel Cutting said: "My husband used to live in Glastonbury. The tor was visible whilst we were on the M5 when I was taking the kids down for the weekend. "I get butterflies when I see it." 'Give peas a chance' graffiti, Buckinghamshire "Peas" was reportedly the name of a London graffiti artist who daubed his name on the M25's only Edwardian bridge, between junctions 16 and 17, near Uxbridge. The words "give" and "a chance" were added later, with the amended graffiti thought to refer to his frequent arrests, according to a historic building report by Oxford Archaeology. The "Peas" tag can been seen in several places, particularly on other bridges. The bridge has its own Facebook page with about 6,500 followers. Anne Bradford said: "This is a special bridge that marks some family memories of journeys along this part of the motorway." Angel of the North, Tyne and Wear The iconic 200-tonne steel angel has loomed over the A1 in Gateshead since 1998. The sculpture, which is 20 metres tall and has wings measuring 54 metres across, has become a much-loved piece of public art. Dan Homarus said: "The Angel means so much to me... any time I drive back to the 'Toon' now, the sight of the Angel brings back a decade of memories. "It's one of my favourite pieces of outdoor art in the UK: it epitomises the North East with its rusty elegance, flying out of the old coalmine of the past. I love it." For Liam Heenan, from Newcastle, the first glimpse of the Angel is a welcome reminder he is nearly home. "When you have driven all day up the M1 and A1, the sight of the Angel of the North to your right means you're only 10 minutes away from a deserved cuppa," he said. Rachel Wearmouth said: "It is like a relative that you are forced to see at Christmas, and when you do you're glad they're weathering life so well. "It keeps on keeping on, much like me Mam and the poor old commuters stuck in traffic on the A1 every morning." This story was inspired by responses to How do you know when you're nearly home?

ये वे दृश्य हैं जिनका मतलब है कि यात्रा का अंत निकट है और घर के आराम का इंतजार है। मीनारों से लेकर पेड़ों और कलाकृतियों तक, बीबीसी न्यूज़ सड़क के किनारे आपके कुछ पसंदीदा स्थलों की यात्रा करता है जो परिदृश्य के ऊपर बड़े हैं।