Foyle Hospice founder awarded freedom of city

Summary: The founder of the Foyle Hospice in Londonderry has been awarded the freedom of the city.

Derry City Council agreed to honour Dr Tom McGinley at a special council meeting on Tuesday. The honour was also awarded to the Nobel Laureate John Hume in 2000. A civic reception for Dr McGinley will be held in the coming weeks. He said he feels privileged. "I feel proud for the hospice and the people in the north west. This means that the work everyone has done has been acknowledged from every side of the community."

लंदनडेरी में फॉयल हॉस्पिस के संस्थापक को शहर की स्वतंत्रता से सम्मानित किया गया है।


Wrexham Maelor wards closed due to norovirus outbreak

Summary: Five wards at Wrexham Maelor Hospital have been affected after patients suffering from norovirus were admitted.

Admissions to three have been suspended while restrictions have been placed on another two wards to stop it spreading. The move comes after 30 hospital patients showed symptoms of diarrhoea and vomiting. Chirk Hospital has also had four cases and one ward is not accepting new patients, while advice is being offered to visitors. It is the second time this year hospitals in Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board's area have been affected after an outbreak in January.

नोरोवायरस से पीड़ित रोगियों को भर्ती किए जाने के बाद रेक्सम मेलोर अस्पताल के पांच वार्ड प्रभावित हुए हैं।


Viewpoints: Should equal gender pay be enforced?

Summary: New salary figures released by the Chartered Management Institute (CMI) have documented that the gender gap in basic salaries has increased at senior levels.

The pay gap between men and women is exacerbated by bonus payments given to male managers which are on average double those for women, says the CMI. Male managers' average bonus payments were £6,442 last year compared with £3,029 for women. The gender pay gap increases with each rung of the management ladder, says the CMI, with male salaries already almost 25% higher than women's before bonuses are even taken into account. Male managers' earnings across all levels are rising faster than women's for the first time in five years, according to the study, while male directors' earnings rose 5.3% over the last year, compared to just 1.1% for female directors. The gender pay imbalance has remained in place despite the 1970 Equal Pay Act being in force for several decades. Experts give differing opinions below on whether equal gender pay should be enforced and how the gap should be addressed. Charlotte Bowyer, of the Adam Smith Institute The gender pay gap persists for complex reasons, and legal enforcement of equal pay risks harming women. Sexism does exist in the workplace: some employers undervalue less traditionally "masculine" attributes and skills, leading them to compare women unfavourably against conventionally "male" skills. But that isn't the only reason for the pay gap. Less women occupy senior positions, which can be reflected in terms of bonus payouts, whilst women are less likely than male counterparts to single themselves out for rises and financial rewards. Women can also be costly to employers in terms of maternity leave, getting "back up to speed" and higher days off dealing with domestic emergencies. Lower pay can therefore compensate for the opportunity costs sometimes incurred when hiring women. Blunt enforcement of equal pay doesn't address these problems, and can instead have the perverse effect of discouraging employers from hiring women. If taking women on simply becomes more expensive, some employers will be less inclined to do so. Addressing the gender pay gap should be a social issue and not a legal one. The market is amoral and well-intentioned attempts to make it fairer will fail if they come from the top down. As having women in senior corporate positions becomes less of a novelty and more of a given, workplace discrimination is likely to diminish. Furthermore, shifts towards flexible childcare choices and increased paternity leave uptake are likely to level the playing field and reduce "maternity risk". Enforcing equal pay does little to tackle the reason behind pay inequality and can easily be invasive, costly and distortionary. It's an easy answer, but it's the wrong one. Geraldine Healy, professor of employment relations at Queen Mary Although individual pay is shrouded in secrecy, it is well established that the gender pay gap has been resilient over time, despite improvements claimed in recent years. The overall pay gap is 19%, 15% for full-time workers but 34% for part-time workers. Given we have had an Equal Pay Act in force since 1975, we have to conclude that legislation has not been sufficient. The problems with the Equal Pay Act lie in its construction and implementation, not in its intention. The law has required greater diligence from the public sector through the Gender Equality Duty and now the Public Sector Equality Duty requirements, which should also cover the private sector. The introduction of fees to take a case to tribunal in July 2013 has made implementation more difficult. Individual claimant costs to lodge equal pay and discrimination cases are now £250 plus an additional £950 to hear a case, prohibitive for all but the well-paid. The current legislation is loaded against the claimant who needs huge courage and tenacity to pursue an equal pay case. There is little doubt that the law is important and needs to be strengthened and simplified for it to be effective. However, the underlying institutions of the law need to be more, not less, accessible. It is undoubtedly the case that, unless we have greater transparency in pay and in bonuses in both the public and the private sector, the prospect of equal pay remains a laudable aim rather than a target to be achieved. Thus equal gender pay regulation, not voluntarist approaches, remain essential and should be protected and strengthened, not diluted. Roger Ellis, of the British Business Alliance I would prefer the market to decide. I do certainly agree with equal pay for equal work, and I've done that throughout my career, but I'm not too certain that I like the idea of legislation to enforce it. Then you start getting quotas, saying you have to have "so" many women and "so" many men. I'm not sure that by forcing quotas necessarily means you get the right person. When you give somebody an increase [in salary] you do it for performance purposes hopefully, and that is obviously very subjective - and if you start saying equal pay then you're really saying: "Forget the idea of doing performance-related pay - just scrap that and give everyone the same salary," and I don't agree with that either. The only thing I can think of is maybe something along the lines of companies getting certain tax or capital gains advantages, according to the percentage of the women they employ - in certain bands or certain categories - and the differential in average salaries between the male and female side. [You could] give the company some sort of tax advantage or, if you like, disincentive if the gap is too wide. I think it's better done with a carrot rather than a stick. Sophie Goddard, of Cosmopolitan magazine Laws on equal pay have existed for more than 40 years, but women are still paid less than men - and it's getting worse. At the current rate of change, a baby girl born this year won't achieve equal pay until she's 97 years old. Something obviously has to be done - no woman should be paid less than a man doing the same job simply because she's a woman. But I don't think enforcing equal pay is the answer - comparing jobs and salaries across the board is mind-bogglingly complex and it's never going to be as simple as giving both sexes who share a job title the same salary. Last year, Cosmo ran a campaign calling on the government to make equal pay auditing compulsory. If companies employing 250 people or more had transparency operations in place, sharing the average wage of women employees compared to male employees (say on companies' websites), then we could finally begin to tackle the problem. After all, if we can't see how much less women are getting paid on a smaller scale, then how are we expected to take measures to close the gap? It's by no means a simple solution and needs to be paired with things like flexible working hours and better sponsoring and mentoring for women in the workplace. But it would be a good start. Suzanne Horne, partner at law firm Paul Hastings LLP Notwithstanding almost 40 years of legislation and case law, the difference between men's and women's average earnings is still 20.2%. Therefore, the report today by the CMI comes as no real surprise. In 1975 the government implemented the Equal Pay Act 1970 in line with European Treaty obligations. It was replaced by the Equality Act in 2010. Over the years, there have been notable cases where the legislation has been enforced but case law is still developing even decades later. Only last year, a hugely significant ruling by the Supreme Court found that female workers of Birmingham City Council could have six years from termination to bring their claims in the High Court, rather than six months if the claim is before an employment tribunal. The claim arose from the fact that they were denied bonuses paid to male workers. The decision means that the Council had to pay millions of pounds in back payments but it sets a precedent that can be applied to others, right up to female senior executives at board level. After all of these developments, why then do we not have pay equality? The answer is that a legal rule alone will not result in permanent cultural change. There needs to be business-led initiatives to drive a change in attitudes and pay practices. The solution to this from the companies' perspective is merit-based pay (whether salary or bonus) that stands up to objective scrutiny. If they are not willing to do this, then they leave themselves exposed to the risk that the women can decide if they wish to enforce equal gender pay in the courts. Anna Bird, deputy CEO of The Fawcett Society Today's CMI survey shows that even when women have supposedly "broken through" the glass ceiling, they still face entrenched discrimination when it comes to pay. Women at all levels of the workforce face a lifetime of earning less than their male counterparts - on average, women in the UK earn about 15% less than men. That means that for every £100 men take home, women are typically earning about £85. A range of things contribute to the pay gap - these include the undervaluing of "women's work", where jobs traditionally done by women are generally less well paid than those where men dominate, a lack of flexible work opportunities - this means mothers, who still tend to do the bulk of unpaid caring for children, can find it hard to combine paid work with family responsibilities. A sizeable proportion of the gap can be attributed to plain old discrimination - where women are paid less than men for doing the same work. This disparity in pay is one of the starkest indicators of how far we have to go before we achieve equality between women and men. The UK lags behind much of Europe on this issue. Stamping out this injustice once and for all means ushering in a more modern approach to work with greater access to flexible models of working, a more open and transparent culture around pay, and more effort to ensure women are enabled to play a full role in the workforce. Given the lack of progress in narrowing the gap in men and women's pay, the government should show leadership on this issue. The coalition's action to increase access to flexible working and shared parental leave is a step in the right direction and signals to businesses that they must also do their bit. The Fawcett Society would urge the government to match this with similar action on pay transparency.

चार्टर्ड मैनेजमेंट इंस्टीट्यूट (सीएमआई) द्वारा जारी नए वेतन आंकड़ों ने प्रलेखित किया है कि वरिष्ठ स्तरों पर बुनियादी वेतन में लिंग अंतर बढ़ गया है।


Viewpoint: How a hug sparked debate on race and forgiveness

Summary: A striking display of compassion from the brother of a murder victim to his killer was, to some, a heart-wrenching example of empathy. But to others, it was a painful example of African Americans forced to respond to acts of violence with understanding, writes Barrett Holmes Pitner.

On Wednesday, former Dallas police officer Amber Guyger, 31, who is white, was sentenced to 10 years in prison for the murder of her neighbour Botham Jean, who was black. She will be eligible for parole in 5 years. Guyger's conviction was seen as a moment of justice for many observers since it is still relatively rare for police officers to be convicted of unlawful killings in America, yet many onlookers also thought her sentence was too lenient. However, the true shock occurred as Guyger received a profound - and controversial - amount of compassion from her victim's family and the judge. Following Guyger's sentencing, Jean's 18-year-old brother Brandt took the stand and said "I forgive you" and "I love you as a person and I don't wish anything bad on you," before leaving the stand so that he could embrace Guyger. Their hug lasted nearly a minute as those in the courtroom openly wept from this stunning show of compassion. Some seasoned court commentators described it as the most powerful moment they had ever seen in a courtroom. And it generated headlines all around the world. After Guyger and Brandt Jean's embrace, Judge Tammy Kemp, who is black, left her judge's bench and also embraced Guyger. Kemp gave Guyger a Bible and the two of them prayed together before Guyger was led away from the courtroom. In most situations, compassion and empathy do not prompt heated debates, but in the US, the actions of Brandt Jean and Judge Kemp have rekindled a complex conversation about race and inequality. Some observers celebrated the humanity on display in the courtroom, and others questioned if it is just for African Americans to repeatedly take the moral high ground without an exception of reciprocity across America's racial divide. Frequently, African American communities have responded to terror by expressing compassion and forgiveness to the perpetrators of terror, and have often invoked their Christian faith as the ideological foundation for their acts of forgiveness. Following the attack on Emanuel AME Church in Charleston, South Carolina by Dylann Roof on 17 June, 2015 that killed nine African American parishioners, the family members of the victims also told Roof that they forgave him. Roof has never admitted any remorse for his killings. Despite the clear religious overtones of the victim's families actions, Justin Hansford, the executive director of the Thurgood Marshall Civil Rights Center at Howard Law, contends that the culture of forgiveness that emanates from America's black community derives from the US never condoning black anger when directed towards white Americans. "We see the black community take the moral high ground because you don't get the right to be angry with white people in America. If you're angry it is seen as unjustified," says Hansford. American culture has historically depicted slave rebellions as unwarranted acts of black aggression against white Americans, and as the black community has pursued freedom and equality there has always been a profound debate about the level of anger black America can constructively express towards white America. Titans of the black intelligentsia have long debated various approaches for black equality and the best ways to channel and express black anger. During the civil rights struggle of the 1960s, the conflicting philosophies of Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X highlighted this tension. Read more from Barrett "There has always been a dichotomy between the Christian way of responding to injustice - turn the other cheek - and the black Muslims and their willingness to express anger and have a dignity with their expression of anger," says Hansford. Many black Americans have embraced the black Muslim community and the Black Panther movement because they can provide a constructive platform for expressing black anger at the systemic racial oppression the white community has created. When looking at the facts of the case, there are ample reasons for the black community to be angry. On 6 September, 2018, Guyger returned home to her apartment complex after finishing work as a Dallas police officer. Guyger claims to have mistakenly parked her car on the wrong floor, and walked into Jean's apartment believing it to be her own. Upon seeing Jean on his couch eating ice cream, Guyger claims to have thought he was an intruder and, in a moment of fear, used her government issued handgun to shoot and kill Jean. Initially, Guyger was only charged with manslaughter and kept on the police force, but following public outrage she was then charged with murder and fired. Guyger has always contended that the killing was a tragic accident, and former Dallas police chief Craig Miller said that Guyger's killing of Jean was "justified" because Guyger suffered from a temporary condition called "inattentional blindness," which is defined as "the failure to notice a fully-visible, but unexpected object because attention was engaged on another task, event, or object." Essentially, Miller believed that Guyger should not be charged with murder because she was not paying attention when she murdered Jean. According to Hansford, America's cultural stifling and stigmatising of black anger has made forgiveness one of the few recourses for the black community. The alleged illegitimacy of African American anger has many American manifestations - notably the "Angry Black Woman" and "dangerous" black men - and America has long mythologized the alleged benefit of the black community forgiving white America. Even Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, published in 1852, which re-shaped American views on slavery, professed the supposed benefit of Christian love and black forgiveness as a way to overcome the cultural degradation of American slavery. Yet over 150 years later black Americans are still being unjustly murdered and terrorised, and forgiveness is still depicted as an adequate solution. Brandt Jean's decision to forgive Guyger remains a personal decision, but Judge Kemp's decision forces America to contend with the tragic subjectivity of our justice system. Unless Judge Kemp normally embraces, prays, and gifts a Bible to those she sends to prison, America must ask why Guyger warranted this degree of compassion and others did not. Does this undermine Kemp's impartiality? "What is justice in this case? If you're going to bust into someone's house and shoot them dead, and then get five years in prison and a hug from the judge. Are you okay with that? And why don't similar sentences and shows of compassion happen more often?" says Hansford. For many members of the black community, who also struggle to express their anger at America's systemic oppression, this trial represents one of many examples of how precarious and under threat black life has always been in America. Compassion might feel right in the moment, but the debate still rages as to whether it brings America closer to a semblance of racial equality. Barrett is a writer, journalist and filmmaker focusing on race, culture and politics More on race relations in the US

हत्या के शिकार व्यक्ति के भाई की ओर से उसके हत्यारे के प्रति करुणा का एक आश्चर्यजनक प्रदर्शन, कुछ लोगों के लिए, सहानुभूति का एक दिल दहला देने वाला उदाहरण था। लेकिन दूसरों के लिए, यह अफ्रीकी अमेरिकियों का एक दर्दनाक उदाहरण था जो हिंसा के कृत्यों का समझदारी से जवाब देने के लिए मजबूर थे, बैरेट होम्स पिटनर लिखते हैं।


Porlock oyster farming trial poles installed

Summary: Volunteers trying to revive oyster farming in a Somerset village have installed 12 wooden poles in the sea to grow the shellfish from.

The group is using £17,000 from Porlock Parish Council and Exmoor National Park to pay for a year's trial in the Porlock Vale area. Harvesting shellfish died out from Porlock almost 100 years ago. The oysters are grown on ropes strung from the wooden poles, which results in grit and barnacle-free meat. Metal trestles anchored in the sea bed are also being used to farm the shellfish in mesh bags. Porlock Bay was famous for its high quality oysters. If the year's trial is successful, the group intends to set up a business.

समरसेट गाँव में सीप की खेती को पुनर्जीवित करने की कोशिश कर रहे स्वयंसेवकों ने खोल मछली को उगाने के लिए समुद्र में लकड़ी के 12 खंभे लगाए हैं।


Stranger Danger: Still the right message for children?

Summary: Many parents remember the "Stranger Danger" message given to children during the 1970s and 80s. Government videos warned children not to talk to people they didn't know. But a new message is being trialled in the UK, which its creators think is better at keeping children safe.

By Dougal ShawWorld Hacks, BBC News "I tried to get the [old] Stranger Danger message across to my son a few years ago and it backfired badly," says Suzie Morgan, a primary school teacher who lives in Fareham, Hampshire. He got frightened and confused, couldn't sleep at night and was worried somebody was breaking into the house. Like any parent she wanted to keep her child safe. But she felt the Stranger Danger message she was teaching - which she herself had grown up with - was unhealthy for her six-year-old son, making him too afraid of the world. "I didn't know where else to go," she says. So she was hopeful when her son's school piloted a new safety message. It's called Clever Never Goes and was devised by the charity Action Against Abduction. It aims to make children less afraid of the world, by giving them the confidence to make decisions about their own personal safety. Morgan says it has given her son more freedom and independence. However, it is a message that has not yet been fully evaluated by experts in the field, some of whom have reservations. And for many parents the new teachings may be difficult to accept. The Stranger Danger message is still deeply ingrained in their psyches. The old message was promoted by the government during the 1970s and 80s, in a series of hard-hitting films commissioned by the Home Office. It followed a spate of high-profile abductions and killings, including the Moors and Cannock Chase murders. There were stark warnings such as: "You don't want to end up dead or in hospital, say 'No' to strangers!" Children were told to "keep away from people you don't know". The films were given to the British Film Institute and you can watch the 1971 and 1981 films online. But there were reservations among civil servants at the time and some worried children's fears were being heightened to an unhealthy degree, according to Geoff Newiss of the charity Action Against Abduction. Newiss researched Stranger Danger as part of a group assembled by the National Crime Agency four years ago. It inspired him to devise a new safety message for children, which he thinks is more fit for purpose - not least because the majority of abductions are committed by an adult already known to the child. With approval from the police and children's safety boards in the county, more than 150 schools are now signed up to teach Clever Never Goes in Hampshire. A key message of the workshop is that interactions with strangers are not necessarily dangerous. Instead, the moment children need to be wary of is when an adult, including ones they already know, asks them to go somewhere with them unexpectedly. This is what police call "the lure". In an interactive class, children are introduced to a character called Clever the Robot. He has a special power for spotting danger, with a dial on his chest that reads "Safe, Hmmm?, Unsafe". Hear more Learn more about Clever Never Goes in the latest People Fixing the World podcast from the BBC World Service Children watch a series of videos showing scenarios with adults approaching children, and they have to decide how to react. Some scenes are reminiscent of the old Stranger Danger videos. A man pulls up in a car and offers some sweets and a ride. Of course the clear message remains that this is unsafe and children must move away and find a trusted adult. But there are also scenarios where interactions with strangers are described as benign. A man approaches a child in a park and chats about his dog. Pupils in the workshop are asked if this is OK, and the answer given is that this is not an unsafe situation though children might feel a bit "Hmmm?". In a later video the scenario is extended with the stranger asking children to come with him to walk the dog. Children are taught things have now turned unsafe, "because he's asked them to go with him and that's not good, Clever Never Goes." There is another scene where it is a woman who is offering a lift - the message is not to go, if this is not pre-arranged, even if it is the mother of a friend. In the old Stranger Danger videos, the strangers were portrayed by men. The new message "triggered something in me, leading back to when I was a parent raising children," explains Jacky Halton, headteacher at Crofton Hammond Infant School in Hampshire, where the workshop has been developed over the past two years. "I didn't want my kids to be wary of every stranger they met." As the teacher tells the class of five- to seven-year-olds, "Lots of people are strangers that we don't know, but lots of people are very kind and friendly people and we can talk to them and be friendly." Someone who is used to delivering the old Stranger Danger warnings is PC Maria Carrick, who leads engagement with schools for Hampshire police. She was never fully comfortable with the message. "It just felt very confusing for children to understand what a good stranger is, or a bad stranger." The old message tended to demonise all strangers and this is not necessarily helpful for the child, she says. While parents have a natural fear of the predatory stranger, she thinks, Clever Never Goes addresses a more realistic risk. "We have to remain focused on the fact that most of the high-profile murders we know from the past 10 years were children who knew their killer." By focusing on the moment of "the lure", Clever Never Goes aims to address this issue. Child Abduction in England and Wales: Recent figures and estimates 1,189 child abduction offences were recorded by police in 2017/18 20% of abduction offences are committed by a family member 40% are committed by strangers (most are attempted abductions rather than completed abductions) 40% are committed by people known but not related to the child (Note: Abductions by people known but not related include issues such as sexual exploitation, forced marriage, revenge attacks and financial disputes) Sources: ONS, Pact and Action Against Abduction Clever Never Goes is also designed to help with the increasing threat of online strangers. Many computer games popular with primary-school-age children involve live online chatting. People you meet this way might not feel like strangers, the workshop warns, but you never agree to go anywhere with them in real life. There is a consensus among experts in children's safety and development that the Stranger Danger message is outdated and due an overhaul. Clever Never Goes is certainly a step in the right direction says Dr Gina Sherwood, principal lecturer in Childhood Studies at Portsmouth University. But she also has some reservations. "The tag 'clever' implies it is the child's responsibility to keep themselves safe and if they did make a mistake it would be as if they are not clever." She has concerns this could be an issue helping a child to recover after an abduction.There is also potentially a danger in allowing unsupervised contact with strangers to build up over time, she says. For instance, a dog-walking stranger could chat to children in a park on several occasions, without asking them go anywhere. This could build up trust that a malicious person might capitalise on. The hope is that children who adopt Clever Never Goes should still be resilient to this grooming, if they remember not to go with anyone unexpectedly, even if they are familiar faces. Without research the new message cannot be endorsed by academics, says Dr Sherwood. The next stage is to evaluate it. But can children, who live in a magical world of Father Christmas and tooth fairies, really be trusted to make fine distinctions between safe and unsafe strangers? "Absolutely," says Halton. "We are failing in our job if we don't give children responsibility for their own actions." She is wary of a trend towards "lawnmower parents", who sort out all the problems in front of their child, so children never have to figure out how to do things for themselves. Newiss agrees that we have to give children the tools to manage their own risk. When you look back at the Stranger Danger message, he says, there was a sense that "a bit of fear won't do them any harm". "I think that's wrong. Fear just knocks their confidence." Dougal Shaw is on Twitter: @dougalshawbbc Learn more about Clever Never Goes in the latest People Fixing the World podcast from the BBC World Service

कई माता-पिता 1970 और 80 के दशक के दौरान बच्चों को दिए गए "स्ट्रेंजर डेंजर" संदेश को याद करते हैं। सरकारी वीडियो में बच्चों को उन लोगों से बात नहीं करने की चेतावनी दी गई थी जिन्हें वे नहीं जानते थे। लेकिन ब्रिटेन में एक नए संदेश का परीक्षण किया जा रहा है, जो इसके रचनाकारों को लगता है कि बच्चों को सुरक्षित रखने में बेहतर है।


North Belfast: Police investigating assault on two boys

Summary: A 12-year-old boy has sustained facial injuries in an assault in north Belfast on Wednesday.

He was one of two boys who were attacked on Limestone Road between 17:00 GMT and 20:30. He was left with two black eyes and a swollen lip, while the other boy, aged 14, was punched on the face and kicked on the leg, police said. "It was reported five males, possibly in their teens, were involved in the incident," said Insp Paul Noble. Police are treating the incident as a potential hate crime and have appealed for information to identify those involved.

बुधवार को उत्तरी बेलफास्ट में एक हमले में एक 12 वर्षीय लड़के के चेहरे पर चोटें आई हैं।


Pugilist or peacemaker: The choice facing Donald Trump

Summary: One week, three profoundly disturbing cases, and a few burning questions.

Jon SopelNorth America editor@bbcjonsopelon Twitter First the incidents. Let me start with the least publicised. A 51-year-old white man tries to enter a predominantly black church in Jeffersontown, Kentucky. But when he can't get in, he goes to a nearby supermarket and shoots dead two elderly black people. It is being treated as a potential hate crime. The man in detention also had a history of mental illness and shouldn't have been able to own a gun. Then we have had the pipe-bomber who mailed viable devices to prominent Democrats and Trump critics; the first was sent to George Soros, a wealthy financier and philanthropist - who for some on the right seems to be the ultimate bogeyman, to be held responsible for when it rains too much and for when there's a drought. He is also Jewish. The rest were sent to the most senior Democrats in the country. Luckily no one was hurt. The man being held is a fanatical Trump supporter who was a regular at his rallies. And finally we had the murders of 11 Jews at a suburban synagogue in Pittsburgh where worshippers had gathered for the Shabbat service and what should have been the joyous moment of a baby naming ceremony as a newborn is welcomed into the community. The gunman was heavily armed, and had a long track record of peddling anti-Semitic bile. I should say I wasn't in the US last week. I had gone to a conference in Berlin, and while there I took a couple of extra days to do something I have long felt I must do, and have always dreaded. I went to bow my head at one of the concentration camps - Sachsenhausen - where thousands of Jews, Roma, dissidents and homosexuals were murdered during World War Two. It was every bit as bleak and chilling as I thought it would be. Actually a good deal more. And it was cold and rainy and the wind blew across the vast parade grounds where the inmates were forced to stand for hour after hour in the depths of winter in their striped pyjamas, as their Nazi guards looked on with indifference, all the time keeping meticulous records of those they had killed. I returned to our comfortable, warm hotel so pleased to get my hands on a nice cappuccino. And I really did think how blessed we are to live in our liberal democracies in the West; to have grown up in a society without war, where we have freedom of expression, the rule of law, a free press and where there is tolerance and respect. I flew back from Berlin on Friday night. On Saturday came the Sabbath massacre. I still happen to think we are immensely lucky to live when we do. But I have come back this weekend more convinced than ever that we must never forget what happened, and that there is zero room for complacency about the trajectory of our own society. Hatred lurks in its darkest corners and recesses, so surely it is the duty of everyone - from the president downwards - to realise that language that cranks up the resentment, that feeds the fear and loathing will push more people into actions driven by hate. It would be easy to take the three incidents of the past week and create a narrative that America has embarked on a one-way journey towards nihilism. That the deep fissures in society are irreparable, all fed by the worst aspects of venomous spitting on social media. But as I reflected on what I wanted to write in this piece, I did what I normally do - I took the dog for his morning walk. At the end of my street is a park, and at the furthest edge of the park is a deep cutting which goes down to the Rock Creek Parkway. Normally all you can hear rising from below is the sound of traffic. Today it was different. There was cheering and there was music. Intrigued, I walked down. And there set up on the side of the road was a band playing passable cover versions of one of my favourite bands, Steely Dan. And there were thousands of people lining the sidewalks and thousands on the road running their hearts out (or maybe lungs - anyway you know what I mean). Today was the Marine Corps Marathon in Washington. And it was fabulous. There were runners of every shape and size, there were the wheelchair athletes, there were black and white, Jews, Christians, all faiths and none, diehard Trump supporters and diehard Trump haters. But everyone on the road was there to run the fastest they could to raise money for the cause of their choice. And everyone cheering was there to offer support. It is way overdone to just condemn America as some kind of dystopian hell. In everyday life people rub along, worry about their kids' schooling, want to provide for their loved ones and play their part in the community. They work hard, go to church (or synagogue or the mosque) and they - for the most part - are extremely polite and respectful to one and other. One of the people I was with in Berlin last week was the former US secretary of state, Condoleezza Rice. She argued that what Americans need to learn to do is separate the president's rhetoric (broadly unhelpful) to the reality of what he does (broadly good, she argued). She also insisted that America in the 1960s was a far worse place - three political assassinations, the Vietnam War, cities burning and bitter racial division. That eclipsed anything being seen today, she said. But like a low oil pressure light flashing on your car's dashboard that should not be ignored, so there are warning signs that America and the rest of the West need to take heed of. America has become more polarised - and that is partly a function of political rhetoric that has been amplified by the likes of Twitter and Facebook. Donald Trump was brilliant as a campaigner in highlighting division. His rhetoric at rallies fires up the base, and his supporters adore him. They love that he is a pugilist - if you hit him, you know he's going to hit back harder. But it leaves those who dislike Trump disliking him even more. And of recent events he says he wants to be a unifier, but at the same time he says he has to attack the media and everyone else. I tweeted in the middle of the week that I thought it was regrettable that the president tried to place all the blame for the division in America on the media, and I equally said I thought it was regrettable that CNN's CEO had chosen to attack the president. And as I might have predicted, I was roundly attacked for suggesting any fault lay with the president and condemned for suggesting that any blame lay with CNN. And that was not an attempt at "symmetry of guilt" - in other words they are all as bad as each other. I don't think that. But if all sides agree there is a problem then maybe all sides need to sit down and see whether there can be a more respectful, less hate-drenched dialogue. A little less eye for an eye, a little more turning the other cheek. The reaction to the first reports of the pipe bombs was frankly incredible. Surely when explosive devices are being sent to the former president, former secretary of state, a former head of the CIA, a news network and a pair of wealthy Democratic Party fundraisers - the only reaction is to condemn and urge that those responsible are brought to justice. But the president in one tweet spoke of "this 'bomb' stuff" - a phrase that delighted the conspiracy theorists that somehow it wasn't that serious. And that led to a lot of Trump surrogates talking the language of conspiracy - that this "bomber" was somehow too convenient - and maybe the person sending the bombs was a Democrat. Frank Gaffney, a well known right-wing commentator, tweeted: "None of the leftists ostensibly targeted for pipe-bombs were actually at serious risk, since security details would be screening their mail. So let's determine not only who is responsible for these bombs, but whether they were trying to deflect attention from the Left's mobs." Now there is a lot to unpack there - not least the idea that it wasn't really that serious because it would have been the security guy or gal in the mailroom that would have been blown up and not the principal target. But the suggestion that somehow Democrats had done this to deflect from Donald Trump's attack on "the mob?" Really? If Democrats were that cunning and well organised they'd have campaigned a bit in Wisconsin and Michigan in 2016, states they critically lost and largely ignored. This is nonsense and deflection. If bombs are being sent it is an assault and affront to democracy. You don't need weasely ifs and buts. You just need straightforward condemnation And I'm sure the president is 100% sincere in his hatred of anti-Semitism - and that is shared by those around him. His son-in-law is an orthodox Jew and his daughter Ivanka has converted to Judaism. But the attacks on George Soros just do smack of old-fashioned, Zionist conspiracy, blood libel stuff from history's darkest periods. I've read this week he is funding the caravan of illegal immigrants moving up from Mexico towards the US border. Anyone care to furnish a shred of evidence to back that up? His biggest philanthropic concern is to help former parts of the Soviet Union adapt to becoming liberal democracies. How is it that the attacks on Soros, once the preserve of the outer fringes of politics, have now migrated into the mainstream, with the president and his son Donald Jr regularly referencing him in speeches in the least flattering terms. As I say responsibility goes from the president downwards. No one gets a free pass. He is no longer campaigning. He is the leader of the nation, the head of state. His words of revulsion at what unfolded in Pittsburgh are to be welcomed. In a lot of what he said he struck the right tone. Now to the burning questions: some familiar, some newer. There are the inevitable "gun" questions. The president suggested yesterday that if only there had been an armed guard inside the synagogue, then it all might have been different. Well forgive me for saying, but four heavily armed and extremely well trained SWAT team officers went in and were shot trying to stop the carnage. You think one guy with his prayer book in one hand and a revolver in the other would have made the difference? And in Kentucky how was a man with mental health issues able to get a gun? As I say, these are well worn questions, and it is nigh on impossible to believe that anything will change. But on the hatred that permeates so much of American political dialogue? The president has taken a lead, and seems to recognise the need for making moves towards becoming a unifier. Good luck, Mr President. But he is also campaigning like crazy ahead of next week's mid-terms - and he knows better than anyone how attacking his enemies is what delights his audience most. Let us hope that maybe something good can come out of the terrible killings at a Pittsburgh synagogue, and that it will serve as the wake up call that America needs. But I am not holding my breath.

एक सप्ताह, तीन गंभीर रूप से परेशान करने वाले मामले, और कुछ ज्वलंत प्रश्न।


The Hindu hardline RSS who see Modi as their own

Summary: India's state-run TV channel Doordarshan recently had an unusual programme - it telecast live the annual speech of Mohan Bhagwat, the head of the right-wing Hindu nationalist Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (National Volunteers' Organisation).

By Rajesh JoshiBBC Hindi, Delhi It's a group many believe to be a shadowy and violent Hindu organisation with umbilical ties to the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Mr Bhagwat spoke, among other things, about the past glory of Hindu kings and supported the new government's initiatives. It was the first time in the history of independent India that the ideological fountainhead of the BJP had been given such prominence in the state media. And considering India's new Prime Minister Narendra Modi was once a full-time RSS worker, the broadcast predictably created uproar among opposition parties and liberals. The main opposition Congress and the Communist parties criticised the decision, accusing the government of being remote-controlled by the controversial organisation. In response, Doordarshan said Mr Bhagwat's address had been covered as a news event and the government had nothing to do with the decision. Controversial past Established in 1925, the RSS (also known as the Sangh) has been banned three times in post-Independence India. The first ban came after the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in 1948 - the organisation was accused of plotting the murder of the national icon but was later absolved. It was a major setback to the image and credibility of the group which it took nearly three decades to shake off. The group was once again banned in 1975 when then-Prime Minister Indira Gandhi suspended all fundamental rights and jailed almost the entire opposition leadership. The RSS used this opportunity to build alliances with anti-Congress forces and spread its political influence. In the late 1980s, the RSS, through its affiliates, launched a massive movement to build a Hindu temple at the place of a medieval mosque in the northern town of Ayodhya. The Babri Masjid (mosque) was demolished in December 1992 by supporters of radical Hindu groups, including the RSS. The group was outlawed for a third time but the courts overturned the decision. Critics, however, say the organisation continues to be a sectarian, militant group, which believes in the "supremacy of Hindus" and "preaches hate" against Muslims and Christian minorities. Clad in khaki shorts and white shirts, RSS cadres regularly gather in small groups in parks and street corners in different Indian cities and towns to work out, sing patriotic songs, play games and talk about the past glory of "Hindu India". These groups are called shakhas (branches) and are the backbone of the organisation's countrywide network of committed workers. The Sangh claims to have shakhas in 50,000 villages and cities across the country, but it does not maintain a membership register. According to the RSS website, "only Hindu males" can join the group. For women, there is a separate organisation called the Rashtra Sevika Samiti (National Women Volunteers' Committee). The controversy around the broadcast of Mr Bhagwat's speech has led to a wider debate about the future relationship between the government and the RSS. Will the Sangh be able to force the government to follow its agenda? Or, will a "tough leader" like Mr Modi allow this to happen? Or, will both work together towards the similar goal of establishing Hindutva (Hindu-ness) as an all-encompassing, superior political ideology in modern India? Some commentators have also raised the question as to why a non-elected body, outside the multi-party democratic system, should be allowed to influence the government's decision-making process. So far, Mr Modi has not commented. The questions are being asked against a backdrop of a bitter turf war that was fought out in the open between the RSS and BJP when the party was in power from 1998 to 2004. Changed strategy? But the situation has changed since then. After the BJP lost the election to Congress in 2004, the RSS lost much of its clout. Commentators say the RSS has learnt the hard way that it needs a friendly government in Delhi if it wants to remain influential. Political analyst Neeraja Chaudhary says the RSS showed great pragmatism by backing Mr Modi as the BJP's PM candidate in the 2014 elections over senior leaders like former deputy PM LK Advani and Murli Manohar Joshi. This, she says, despite the fact that as the chief minister of Gujarat, Mr Modi had sidelined the RSS leaders in the state. "The RSS has taken a risk because Mr Modi will work on his own accord and may not necessarily take orders from the RSS," she says. Senior journalist Ram Bahadur Rai, however, says there is "no rift between Mr Modi and the RSS". Both Mr Rai and Ms Chaudhary agree that at the moment there is a clear understanding about the division of labour between Mr Modi and the RSS - that governance is the responsibility of the PM and that Mr Modi will ignore, within "acceptable limits", the Hindutva agenda being carried out at the grassroots level. That, she explains, is the reason why Mr Modi keeps quiet when some of his party colleagues talk of "love jihad", accusing "Muslim boys of luring Hindu girls", or allege that "terrorism is taught in Muslim seminaries". Ms Chaudhary says the RSS challenging Mr Modi is still a possibility sometime in the future, although "it is still premature to predict that situation because at the moment he is riding high". "But pressure starts mounting the moment there is a decline in authority and acceptability of a leader." It is probably then the pressure groups opposed to Mr Modi within the BJP and the RSS will think of making their move. But that situation, should it happen at all, is quite far away down the road.

भारत के सरकारी टीवी चैनल दूरदर्शन ने हाल ही में एक असामान्य कार्यक्रम किया-यह दक्षिणपंथी हिंदू राष्ट्रवादी राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संघ (राष्ट्रीय स्वयंसेवक संगठन) के प्रमुख मोहन भागवत के वार्षिक भाषण का सीधा प्रसारण करता है।


Birmingham genital mutilation arrests: Doctors released

Summary: Two doctors arrested over allegations of female genital mutilation in Birmingham have been released without charge, the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) has said.

Dr Ali Haji Mao-Aweys, 61, and Dr Omar Sheikh Mohamed Addow, 55, were arrested by West Midlands Police in May. The chief crown prosecutor said that after reviewing the evidence "no further action" should be taken. The arrests followed an article in the Sunday Times. Harry Ireland, from the CPS, said: "The main evidence in this case is from the undercover journalist or agent but she has consistently failed to sign her draft statement for the police despite being given every opportunity to do so over the past five months." He said a search of the suspects' homes, computers and phones had failed to provide any evidence that they were involved in any way in "this illegal practice". The Sunday Times has yet to comment.

क्राउन प्रॉसिक्यूशन सर्विस (सी. पी. एस.) ने कहा है कि बर्मिंघम में महिला जननांग विकृति के आरोप में गिरफ्तार किए गए दो डॉक्टरों को बिना किसी आरोप के रिहा कर दिया गया है।


Missy Douglas: Visualising bipolar disorder through art

Summary: Fed up with keeping her mental health a secret, bipolar disorder sufferer Missy Douglas spent a year creating a painting each day to express her feelings. Controversially, she decided not to take her medication during this time, in the hope that paintings demonstrating her highs and lows would raise awareness of her condition.

By David KellerBBC News Waking up each morning, Missy Douglas has no idea how the day will go. She may feel invincible, or she may be hit by a bout of depression. Battling the emotional extremes in life has become second nature to the 37-year-old artist, who has lived with bipolar disorder for most of her adult life. Last year she chose to do what she does best. Every day, for a year, she picked up her paintbrushes and painted exactly how she felt. She decided to give up her medication while she carried out the project. "I wanted it to be as pure a view of the disorder as possible," she said. "Painting every day didn't make me feel more stable or increase my sense of wellbeing," said Douglas. "In fact, trying to look inside and express raw emotion or psychological distress everyday was very difficult. "It sometimes exacerbated the depression or mania I was experiencing at the time. However, when I look back I can recognise the patterns and rhythms of my own 'brand' of the disorder." Bipolar disorder brings about strong mood swings that can last for several weeks. It can leave people unable to form relationships or cope with the day-to-day routine of work and - in extreme circumstances - lead to a feeling of worthlessness. Douglas, who is originally from Northampton but now lives in New York, said living with the condition could be "extremely exhausting". Bipolar disorder • Formerly known as manic depression, it is a condition that affects moods, which can swing from depression to mania • Symptoms range from overwhelming feelings of worthlessness to feeling very happy and having lots of ambitious plans and ideas • Each extreme episode can last several weeks • Treatment includes mood stabilisers which are to be taken every day on a long-term basis, combined with talking therapy and lifestyle changes Source: NHS "This is something you don't always appreciate, as you are constantly living in the eye of the bipolar storm," said the artist, who is now taking her medication again. She was first diagnosed as bipolar aged 19, when she was studying art history at the University of Cambridge. She said it finally joined the dots as to why she often felt withdrawn and melancholic, or precocious and arrogant. "My mania is characterised by buzzing limbs, insomnia, working frenetically, moving constantly but never tiring," she said. "I also feel incredibly positive, almost arrogant, like I am better than everyone else and that I can achieve anything. Depression is like a numb white cloud. You can barely see or hear. "I am pretty much agoraphobic, I shut myself away and do not communicate. I've attempted suicide and have been sectioned, which was the lowest I've ever been." However, despite the intense lows she has experienced, the condition has not stopped her from achieving her dreams. In 2009 she left the UK and established her own fine art studio and art school in Brussels. Two years later she headed to New York and now spends her time immersed in the creative scenes of Long Island, Queens and further afield in Seattle. Her latest project, collecting the daily paintings for her new book, 2:365, aims to tackle her condition head on. "Initially the main reason for doing the project was very personal," she said. "I had kept my diagnosis a secret for 17 years. I had pretended and performed within an inch of my life, which had taken its toll and concealed who I really was." She added: "I knew the time was right to finally come clean and acknowledge publicly who I was. "I was petrified as I thought that people would assume that I was being melodramatic, self-absorbed or even lying. It was easier coming out through my work. It made me feel comfortable." Douglas said she hoped the paintings would help break down the stigma surrounding mental health and help sufferers realise they are not alone. "I suddenly realised it could have a big social impact and go some way to raising the profile of mental health," she said. "Since seeing the paintings, people have thanked me and opened up to me about their own experiences. Having the courage to say, 'I have bipolar disorder' is so valuable, as it can empower others to do the same. "We probably know people who have it but we are completely unaware of their private battle. "And, more often than not, they are interesting, talented and successful people with just as much to give as everyone else."

अपने मानसिक स्वास्थ्य को गुप्त रखने से तंग आकर, द्विध्रुवी विकार से पीड़ित मिसी डगलस ने अपनी भावनाओं को व्यक्त करने के लिए हर दिन एक पेंटिंग बनाने में एक साल बिताया। विवादास्पद रूप से, उन्होंने इस दौरान अपनी दवा नहीं लेने का फैसला किया, इस उम्मीद में कि उनके उतार-चढ़ाव को प्रदर्शित करने वाले चित्र उनकी स्थिति के बारे में जागरूकता बढ़ाएंगे।


St Sampson's Harbour closes for generator delivery

Summary: Guernsey's St Sampson's harbour will close to shipping to allow the delivery of a huge oil-fired electricity generator.

Captain Peter Gill, harbour master, said it would be "one of most complex unloading procedures" ever carried out in the harbour. He said it would "block up most of the harbour" and was expected to take placed on 29 August. Guernsey Electricity has ordered the £14m 300-tonne generator.

ग्वेर्नसे का सेंट सैम्पसन बंदरगाह एक विशाल तेल से चलने वाले बिजली जनरेटर की डिलीवरी की अनुमति देने के लिए शिपिंग के करीब होगा।


The world's most-trafficked mammal - and the scaliest

Summary: The gentle, solitary pangolin has a tongue as long as its body and curls into a ball when threatened. It is also the world's most trafficked mammal, and threatened with extinction.

By Martin FletcherVietnam In front of a drab government building near Vietnam's northern border with China, a young conservationist named Nguyen Van Thai prises open a flimsy wooden crate with a machete. He lifts out four plastic sacks and places them on the ground. From each sack he pulls out a brownish-black ball with a scaly exterior, roughly the size and weight of an curling stone. Gradually - and very, very cautiously - one of those balls begins to uncurl, revealing two blackcurrant eyes, a long snout, an even longer tail and a soft pink belly. It's a pangolin, one of the world's more remarkable creatures. The pangolin is the only mammal wholly covered in scales, and it simply curls itself into an impregnable ball when threatened by predators. It eats seven million ants and termites a year using a tongue that's almost as long as its body. It has no teeth, so it stores stones in its stomach to grind up its food. The reason many of us have never heard of pangolins is because they seldom survive in captivity. Only six zoos in the world - and only one in Europe, Leipzig - have any. Pangolins enjoy one other unfortunate distinction - they are the world's most trafficked mammal. While the media focuses on the plight of the elephant and the rhinoceros, the celebrities of the natural world, roughly 100,000 pangolins a year are being snatched from the wild and sent to China and Vietnam. In both those countries their meat is considered a delicacy, and their scales are deemed to have magical medicinal properties. Already there are no pangolins left in great swathes of South East Asia, so Africa's pangolin populations are now being plundered. All eight species are threatened with extinction. As Prince William recently remarked: "The pangolin runs the risk of becoming extinct before most people have even heard of them." The four pangolins in the crate opened by Nguyen Van Thai had been confiscated by Vietnam's Forest Protection Department from two traffickers caught riding motorbikes into China along a forest track at dawn. Nguyen, who heads an NGO called Save Vietnam's Wildlife, planned to take them back to a rescue centre that he runs in Cuc Phuong national park south of Hanoi. As we drove south, he explained how pangolins - so common in his childhood - had all but vanished from Vietnam's forests and were now smuggled in by boat or truck from countries like Indonesia or Malaysia. They come in loads weighing several tons, dead and alive, fresh and frozen, gutted and skinned. Live ones are the most valuable. Before selling them traffickers often pump their stomachs full of gravel or rice starch to increase their weight. At the rescue centre we watched some of the pangolins emerge from their burrows at night, and I began to understand why those who work with them find them so endearing. They resemble artichokes on legs. They are gentle, solitary creatures with an almost comic rolling gait. They carry their young on their tails and curl round them to protect them. They use those prehensile tails to hang from branches, or to stretch out almost horizontally to reach ants' nests. Nguyen said the authorities sometimes caught the traffickers, but only because rivals had snitched on them. But they did practically nothing to stop retailers selling pangolin products. The next day he took me to Hanoi to show me what he meant. In the space of an hour we visited four randomly chosen traditional medicine shops in the city's bustling old quarter. Three produced pangolin scales, touting them as a cure for everything from cancer or acne, to poor lactation in mothers. They asked up to $1,500 (£1,000) a kilo. Asked why they were so expensive, one woman replied with no apparent shame: "Because they're rare and illegal." With equal ease we found restaurants selling pangolins to eat for $250 (£160) a kilo. One restaurant owner explained that a live animal could be brought to our table, where its throat would be slit, and the blood served as an aphrodisiac. He recommended we had the meat steamed, and the tongue chopped up for soup. He then produced a large jar of rice wine with a small, dead pangolin pickling inside it. He offered us that for an extra $200 (£130). It was a repulsive sight. The problem, Nguyen complained, was not Vietnam's poor and uneducated, but its wealthy elite - the senior government officials and the wealthy businessmen who ordered pangolin to flaunt their status or to celebrate a deal. "Ninety million Vietnamese can no longer see pangolins in their own country because a few rich officials and businessmen want to eat them," he added, angrily. "That's disgusting." More from the Magazine Monique Pool first fell in love with sloths when she took in an orphan from a rescue centre. Since then many sloths have spent time in her home on their way back to the forest - but even she found it hard to cope when she had to rescue 200 at once. Soon sloths were hanging everywhere - from the trees in her back garden, from the bars on the living room window, and anything else they could hold on to. "Two female adults sat on the TV stand and the babies would climb on the matriarchs," she says. This was when she invented the term "slothified" as a description for her home and life. The woman who got 'slothified' How to listen to From Our Own Correspondent: BBC Radio 4: Saturdays at 11:30 Listen online or download the podcast. BBC World Service: At weekends - see World Service programme schedule. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

कोमल, एकान्त पैंगोलिन की जीभ उसके शरीर तक लंबी होती है और खतरे में पड़ने पर एक गेंद में मुड़ जाती है। यह दुनिया का सबसे अधिक तस्करी किया जाने वाला स्तनपायी भी है, और विलुप्त होने का खतरा है।


Calais after Sangatte: The migrants 'worth less than cattle'

Summary: Ten years ago, French authorities decided to shut down the Sangatte Red Cross asylum centre near Calais because they said it had become a magnet for illegal immigrants hoping to come to Britain. But it seems migrants in the city are as keen as ever to cross the English Channel.

By Emma Jane KirbyBBC News, Calais The seagulls bicker and squabble in the open yard of the soup kitchen, impatient with the migrants who - crouched on the concrete, mechanically spooning pasta - rarely flick them a crumb from their rations. It is a damp, dull day and the sun and sky seems to have sapped the colour from everything beneath it. The huddled men in their dirty hooded tops and jackets make a solid block of drab misery. Even the seagulls are granite, grey and greasy. A young Afghan man is begging the elderly woman handing out small plastic pots of pasta, for more. There is not enough, she tells him firmly, shaking her head. He is not the first to ask for more today and he will not be the last. The pasta, in a watery tomato sauce, is woefully insufficient to feed the 300-or-so migrants who come to the soup kitchen every day, and the charity workers know it. But for the last 10 years, ever since the Sangatte centre closed, it has been up to just a handful of volunteer groups to look after all the migrants who come to Calais in the hope of crossing the Channel to England. And they do still come. All the charity workers I talk to agree that Sangatte needed to be closed, but all insist that some other infrastructure should have been put in its place. Near the port I meet Anwar, an unkempt, sallow Syrian man in his 30s who tells me he fled in terror from his home town near Damascus after his younger brother was tortured by supporters of President Assad's regime. I learn that he is unmarried, is very close to his little brother and that he is an industrial chemist. He has only been in Calais for six weeks but he has already tried more than 30 times to climb into, under and above lorries in his bid to get to England. "Why England?" I ask. "You speak fluent French, why not claim asylum here?" He looks at me for a few seconds before saying: "Come with me, come and see where I live." In the next street, directly opposite some private houses, I see a row of makeshift tents fashioned from patched tarpaulin, rubber sheets and supermarket carrier bags. Anwar lifts one of the tarpaulins and shows me a filthy mattress littered with damp blankets, odd shoes and some mouldy bread. It smells as acrid and rotten as a sick room and I have to withdraw my head quickly. "Seven of us sleep here. But in the night the police come," he says. "They spray everything with gas so we can never use it again and then we have no cover from the rain and no more clothes. "In Syria," he continues, "we see television programmes about France - we learn it is the country of freedom, of human rights and solidarity." He looks at me closely and asks: "Do you think this is a country which respects human rights? I have nothing here, Madame." In the queue for the minibus to take the migrants to nearby shower blocks, I chat to Pierre - an elderly local man, with very pale, watery blue eyes who used to volunteer at Sangatte and now helps out at the soup kitchen, despite an obvious illness that makes him shake. His account of the last day of the asylum centre has biblical overtones. "It was five degrees outside and raining so hard that everywhere was flooded," he says quietly. "And when these exhausted men came looking for a bit of shelter they were just turned away and the door locked on them." He lifts his trembling hands. "That night the local farmers brought their cattle in for the winter because they said the weather was too harsh." He nods his head towards the group of migrants and gives me a lopsided smile. "Are they really worth less than cattle? Our police hound them and hunt them down like plague victims." The town hall is reluctant to provide more permanent shelter in case, like Sangatte, it should act as a magnet and swell the migrant numbers further. Just outside the town, on the edge of an industrial estate, two small portacabins make up the migrants' shower block. The men push one another in their haste to get in, snatching the phials of medicated shampoo and shower gel offered by the hassled charity workers and clamouring for clean clothes and underwear. At the door, a handsome, clean-shaven man with gelled-back hair is trying to catch my eye. I go over to him with a smile, offer my hand and introduce myself. Only when he fixes me with a look of reproach do I realise I have met him before. "Madame," he reminds me quietly. "I am Anwar, the industrial chemist from Syria. You were a guest in my house." How to listen to From Our Own Correspondent: BBC Radio 4: Saturdays at 11:30 and some Thursdays at 11:00. Listen online or download on the From Our Own Correspondent downloads page BBC World Service: Short editions Monday - Friday - see World Service schedule.

दस साल पहले, फ्रांसीसी अधिकारियों ने कैलाइस के पास संगट्टे रेड क्रॉस शरण केंद्र को बंद करने का फैसला किया क्योंकि उन्होंने कहा कि यह ब्रिटेन आने की उम्मीद करने वाले अवैध प्रवासियों के लिए एक चुंबक बन गया था। लेकिन ऐसा लगता है कि शहर में प्रवासी अंग्रेजी चैनल को पार करने के लिए हमेशा की तरह उत्सुक हैं।


Spoiler alert: Why people love looking up spoilers

Summary: We're living in the age of the spoiler alert.

By Elena CresciNewsbeat reporter Everyone knows it's bad form to "spoil" a TV show or a film for someone who hasn't seen it by divulging plot details or a surprise twist. But there are some people who go out of their way to read spoilers, devouring Wikipedia synopses with as much enthusiasm as most would have for the source material. Why do they do it? And does it actually spoil the story or make it better? 'It's just a habit I've got into' Karina Young, a project manager from Bournemouth, admits the first thing she does when watching a film is whip out her phone, look it up on IMDB and Wikipedia, sometimes missing the first 10 to 15 minutes of the film while reading the synopsis. "I never think of it as spoiling though, it's just a habit I've got into," she told Newsbeat. The 28-year-old is a big fan of the Saw films. When Jigsaw, the latest instalment in the franchise, came out last year, she was determined to kick the habit. "I vowed not to look it up, to save myself for the screening and enjoy it like it was meant to be watched," she said. But Karina only made it to the snack bar before giving in. "We got there early and while my sister was buying a drink, I read the full synopsis." Karina's not alone. Back when Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince was first published, comedian Ros Ballinger from Manchester flicked to the last few pages and (spoiler alert) found out Professor Dumbledore died before she'd even finished the first chapter. "I always click the white-out on TV tropes and read spoileriffic articles on series," she admitted. "I've heard a big spoiler for the first series of Jane the Virgin and I'm still enjoying it because it's such a dense series full of people and things, you almost forget." Sometimes spoiler hunting is reserved for big series - the ones which dominate the headlines for weeks whenever they air. Student Bridie Kennerley, 24, said she used to be a "chronic binge watcher" - but now she doesn't have the same amount of time to watch everything, she'll keep up by looking up spoilers. "My worst is Game of Thrones, probably like a lot of people. "I've also definitely done it with shows like Poldark, where I've just missed loads and can't face going all the way through and want to just catch up quickly so I can drop back in." She added: "I think some people get it, but sometimes people will be talking about a show and say: 'Oh I don't want to spoil it for you' and I'll just tell them they might as well, because I'll do it for myself otherwise anyway." So why do it? Delving into the Wikipedia pages of series or films you're not planning to watch is all well and good, but why do it for pop culture you actually enjoy? Dan Selcke, the editor of WinterIsComing.net, a Game of Thrones fansite, has a theory. He's not someone who actively goes looking for spoilers, but, unlike a huge part of the Game of Thrones fandom, he really doesn't mind spoilers - not that he's able to avoid them in his line of work. "I don't really have a choice; if they're out there, I will come across them," he said. "But even if that wasn't the case, I've always thought that when it comes to this show, or any show, the journey is more important than the destination. "It doesn't matter what happens so much as how it happens." Each season of Game of Thrones has been plagued by leaks. HBO is reportedly going to extreme lengths to ensure a spoiler-free final season. But Reddit and other social media are teeming with speculation and potential spoilers. Dan says being a spoiler-hungry Game of Thrones fan sniffing out potential storylines is one way people engage with the fandom. "I also think there's a community aspect to it," he said. "It's fun to stumble on a secret about what's coming and then freak out about it with your friends." 'Be prepared for what's happened' Then there are those who feel better if they know what's going to happen in a film or TV series - particularly horror films. Writer Rob Harvilla recently reviewed the Hereditary Wikipedia page, admitting he regularly looks up the plot lines of horror films he's too afraid to watch. Dr Pam Thurschwell of the University of Sussex's English department says she feels the same when it comes to horror films. "Sometimes you just want to be prepared, and it means you're more relaxed when you're watching," she said. She believes social media has also played a role - because people want to take part in the conversation about a popular TV show or film even before they've seen it. "Before social media, spoilers weren't really a problem because when it came to TV, people were probably watching it at the same time," she said. The psychology of spoilers Back in 2011 researchers Nicholas Christenfeld and Jonathan Leavitt from the University of California, San Diego conducted an experiment with 12 short stories, two of which had paragraphs which explained the story's ending. They were asked which stories they preferred - and they chose the versions where they knew the ending, even when the story contained a twist or a mystery. When the study was released, Professor Christenfeld told the BBC: "It's sort of as if knowing things puts you in a position that gives you certain advantages to understand the plot." Funnily enough, that's exactly how spoiler addict Karina feels about it. "If I watch a film without reading about it I sometimes wonder if I'm missing things that should be important," she said. "The irony is, when I watch a film I know about I pay more attention than to a film I haven't read about." Follow Newsbeat on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter. Listen to Newsbeat live at 12:45 and 17:45 every weekday on BBC Radio 1 and 1Xtra - if you miss us you can listen back here.

हम स्पॉइलर अलर्ट के युग में रह रहे हैं।


Italy election: 'White race' remark sparks row

Summary: Italy doesn't count its population by colour. But it would be fair to say that the country is overwhelmingly white: the National Institute for Statistics reports that more than 92% of the country is ethnic Italian, which is often interpreted in practical terms as white.

By James ReynoldsBBC News, Rome It would be hard to find any branch of mathematics to support the claim that Italy's white population is under threat of extinction. But that's what one right-wing politician has claimed, in vivid terms. On Sunday, Attilio Fontana, a prominent candidate from the right-wing Northern League, settled into an interview ahead of the general election on 4 March. Italian politicians tend to do much of their campaigning via long, occasionally rambling talk show appearances. Mr Fontana's region, Lombardy in the north, is the leading destination for migrants in Italy. He reflected on this point. "We can't accept them all," he told Radio Padania, "Because if we had to accept them all, it would mean that we're no longer ourselves… as an ethnic fact. Because they outnumber us, because they are more determined than us to occupy this land." Mr Fontana, by now fully into his stride, reached his conclusion. "We need to decide whether or not our ethnic group, our white race, our society should continue to exist, or be wiped out. It's a choice." Under fire but not quitting Mr Fontana's description of ethnic Italians as an apparently endangered "white race" has provoked headlines and condemnation. To some, his comments bring back unwelcome memories of the country's fascist past under Benito Mussolini. "How is it possible in 2018 to have to explain that there is not a white race to defend - 80 years on from the promulgation of [the Mussolini era's] racial laws?" tweeted Ruth Dureghello, the president of the Rome Jewish Community. Politicians and activists have called on Mr Fontana to withdraw as candidate for governor of Lombardy. His party rejects the call. "Forget about it," said the Northern League's leader, Matteo Salvini. The party has a history of tough, and occasionally deeply offensive rhetoric against migrants or non-white Italians. In 2013, one of its senators, Roberto Calderoli, described Italy's first black minister, Cecile Kyenge, as an orangutan. For years, such comments were condemned, but also dismissed or even ignored as the words of a protest party which had no hope of forming an actual government. But all that has changed. The Northern League now sees its chance to win a share of power in a potential right-wing coalition. The party has teamed up with Forza Italia, led by the former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi. They will campaign against the current centre-left government on a single, unifying issue: migration. Migrants come, but go This election is the first national vote since 2013. The period since then has coincided with a dramatic increase in migrant and refugee arrivals, both in Italy and in other European countries. In the past three years alone, more than 450,000 African migrants have made it to this country's shores. Crucially, many of these migrants don't stay in this country - they try to keep going into the rest of Europe. But the cumulative effect of years of images of migrants landing in Italy is powerful. "In Italy, you have to bear in mind the criminality of 476,000 migrants," Silvio Berlusconi said during a recent interview, "in order to eat, they resort to crime." The populist Five Star Movement, hoping to win power itself, has also made critical comments about migrants. "Italy has imported from Romania 40% of that country's criminals," the movement's candidate for prime minister, Luigi di Maio, posted on his Facebook page in April 2017. "Tuberculosis, scabies, Aids, cholera are diseases which have been imported," the movement's founder Beppe Grillo wrote on his blog in 2013. At one town meeting held in Sicily last summer to discuss migration, I heard several residents voice similar remarks. There are clearly votes to be had in questioning how Italy deals with those who land on its shores. Attilio Fontana calls his own words about Italy's white race a slip of the tongue. But there's no way of taking them back.

इटली अपनी आबादी को रंग के आधार पर नहीं गिनता है। लेकिन यह कहना उचित होगा कि देश बहुत अधिक सफेद हैः राष्ट्रीय सांख्यिकी संस्थान की रिपोर्ट है कि देश का 92 प्रतिशत से अधिक जातीय इतालवी है, जिसे अक्सर सफेद के रूप में व्यावहारिक रूप से व्याख्या की जाती है।


Labour's route to power: More or less radical?

Summary: Even before John McDonnell told activists last night in Brighton that Labour had to prepare for the possibility of a run on the pound if they win the next election, however unlikely, there was a question drifting around the Labour conference this week.

Laura KuenssbergPolitical editor@bbclaurakon Twitter Labour made huge progress in June, but didn't win, however buoyant they feel this week. How radical should they be next time round? Would victory be secured by being more, or less radical? There are different answers to that question and different answers among senior MPs. There's huge energy and excitement among Jeremy Corbyn's supporters here. The shadow chancellor's bold promise to bring PFI contracts back into public control was given a rapturous reception on the conference floor. But then this morning, the shadow health secretary, Jon Ashworth suggested that perhaps there is only a problem with a "handful" of the contracts, and that they could be renegotiated, rather than taken back into public control. It's only one policy area, but it does sum up the quandary. How radical should Labour really be? Would they win the next time if they move further to the left, be even bolder than many of Mr Corbyn's backers would desire? Or as one member of the shadow cabinet suggested to me yesterday, they have to put pragmatism first. There's a risk, they said, that the "Corbynistas all get carried away with themselves". Should it be more, or less? The election showed that in some parts of the country, particularly in London and in university towns with large populations of young people, Mr Corbyn's left-wing credentials had huge appeal. But a study by John Healey, the shadow housing minister, outlines the next big challenge. Labour can't just win in big cities, they have to reach other parts of the country, and other demographics. Healey's analysis shows that Labour gets to govern when they win in the 16 New Towns dotted around England - constituencies like Milton Keynes, Stevenage, Bracknell, Corby - the list goes on. In 1997 they won all but one of the New Towns. By 2010 they held only one, Telford. As Healey writes, "the New Towns are a lens to give a fine-resolution focus on Labour's big electoral challenge in Middle England". Their concerns, he says, are "immigration, the economy and competence". Having talked to Labour activists in those towns, he found that while Labour picked up support from young people, they had to do more for what's described as "stable families and older voters". There was concern that "Labour has become a party that represents the London boroughs only". One supporter in a focus group said "Labour has to position itself as the party that understands and will deliver on working class aspirations" while another said "this manifesto was perceived as a bit of a 'free-for-all' with many self employed and small business owners sceptical". Most revealingly perhaps, Labour activists said, "white working class voters feel Labour has become young, idealist and cosmopolitan". Those "young, idealistic and cosmopolitan" voters are in huge evidence here this week and gave Labour a dramatic bounce at the election. And it's Mr Corbyn's radical policies that pulled them in. But those voters in New Towns described in Healey's report, genuine voices of Middle England, are still hesitant. Labour has made progress but many MPs believe they can't win convincingly if they pursue 'more', not 'less'. Perhaps the challenge for Mr Corbyn and Labour now is to live by his slogan, and create policies that talk to the many, rather than the comparative few.

इससे पहले कि जॉन मैकडॉनेल ने कल रात ब्राइटन में कार्यकर्ताओं को बताया कि अगर वे अगला चुनाव जीतते हैं तो लेबर को पाउंड पर दौड़ने की संभावना के लिए तैयार रहना होगा, हालांकि इसकी संभावना नहीं है, इस सप्ताह लेबर सम्मेलन के आसपास एक सवाल बह रहा था।


Fat Cat Tuesday: The pawful truth

Summary: It is "Fat Cat Tuesday", the day of the year by which, according to campaign group the High Pay Centre, the average FTSE 100 chief executive will have earned more than the average annual salary.

By Dhruti ShahUGC Hub, BBC News The story started trending on Twitter, so we asked big-boned felines on the social network to not only show off their claw-some body shapes but also to give their views on the pay disparity. This is, of course, just a tongue-in-cheek look at the serious issue of pay discrepancy - but if you feel you have any pictures that would help us encapsulate stories making the news, then do get in touch and tweet @BBC_HaveYourSay.

यह "फैट कैट मंगलवार" है, वर्ष का वह दिन जिसके द्वारा, अभियान समूह उच्च वेतन केंद्र के अनुसार, औसत एफ. टी. एस. ई. 100 मुख्य कार्यकारी ने औसत वार्षिक वेतन से अधिक अर्जित किया होगा।


Legal marijuana: Colorado's 'Green Rush'

Summary: Earlier this year, Colorado made history by becoming the first US state to sell marijuana legally. Since then, the number of businesses offering a wide range of pot experiences has exploded, and some foresee a "Green Rush".

By Aleem MaqboolBBC News, Denver Marjorie is accompanying her husband on a business trip to Denver. She has a day free. "If you're in France, you go on a wine tour, if you're in Colorado these days, you go on a pot tour," says Marjorie, 66. Some cannabis tour companies cater for buses of bachelor parties. But Marjorie went for "Green Tripz" - a VIP tour in a "pot-friendly" limousine. "This is a smoking vehicle, just don't blow it at me, that's rule number one," says Mike, Marjorie's driver and guide. "I can't start smoking straight away because I'll be too loaded," says Marjorie. At the beginning of the year, Colorado became the first state to legalise cannabis, after voters approved the change in 2012. The result is not only the birth of new marijuana tour companies, but also a startling burgeoning of the cannabis industry as a whole. Business graduates and young entrepreneurs such as Brett Schneider of the MaryJane Group have flooded into the state looking to get in on the action. "I think the sky is the limit for the industry," he says. "One of the things I've learned is that the real way to go about it is to be safe and responsible. If you hold those as your two brand attributes that you really stand true to, you can change the perception of cannabis." First stop on Marjorie's tour is a dispensary that grows marijuana, one of the more than 250 cannabis retail outlets established in the city of Denver in just six months. She is fascinated to hear about the different types of cannabis on offer and the different effects they could have on her state of mind. Among her purchases at the first stop are the products that have become an unexpectedly huge hit in Colorado - cannabis "edibles". Edibles include the classic cannabis brownie but much more besides - marijuana candies, drinks and chocolate bars. "I got a pre-rolled joint and a little tin of chocolates," Marjorie proudly announces. She takes a quick puff in the limo on the way to our next stop, which Mike describes as a "big surprise". This extraordinary proliferation of cannabis outlets - and the new varieties of them - has angered opponents of marijuana legalisation. "We are seeing in front of our eyes the creation of the next tobacco industry," says Kevin Sabet, one of the national founders of a group called Smart Approaches to Marijuana. "This idea of control and regulation is a mirage. The industry is controlling what is happening," he says. Medical emergencies In particular, he wants edibles banned immediately, arguing they are relatively untested and contain high concentrations of the active ingredients of cannabis. "The industry needs to take all these edibles off the shelves," Mr Sabet says. "The idea that you have to cut a chocolate bar in to 16 pieces in order for it to be safe is absurd. No one does that," Since legalisation, more people are seeking help in hospital emergency departments for acute cannabis-related illness, says Dr Christopher Caldwell, Director of Emergency Medicine at Denver Health. "One trend we are seeing is much, much higher concentrations of marijuana in patients that we were never seeing before," he says. He says most incidents come from overconsumption of marijuana edibles, though most patients recover completely with time. "The other thing that we are seeing is folks' willingness to take just about anything somebody gives them with the introduction of, 'This will get you high,'" says Dr Caldwell. As we pull up to "Dab Kingdom", a little house decorated on the outside to look like a kindergarten, we witness just what an effect that can have. "'Dabs' are concentrated trichomes, the psychoactive part of the marijuana, so that's what's going to get you high," says the barman, showing us a little block of resin. "It's kind of like taking marijuana's version of a shot," he says, to Marjorie's delight, though she had no idea what she was getting into. He lights a blowtorch, places a small amount of the resin on a metal nail, and blasts it. Marjorie inhales the vapours through a glass tube and holds it in. The effects are almost immediate. She becomes uncommunicative. First giggly, and then quiet and apparently very queasy, she aborts her tour saying she needs to lie down in the dark, missing out on a trip to the bong and water pipe shop. As other states consider following Colorado's example, it's clear that when it comes to weed, there are going to have to be limits.

इस साल की शुरुआत में, कोलोराडो ने कानूनी रूप से मारिजुआना बेचने वाला पहला अमेरिकी राज्य बनकर इतिहास रचा। तब से, पॉट अनुभवों की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला की पेशकश करने वाले व्यवसायों की संख्या में विस्फोट हुआ है, और कुछ "ग्रीन रश" की भविष्यवाणी करते हैं।


Migrants: Thirty people intercepted crossing Channel in small boats

Summary: More than 30 people, understood to be migrants, have been brought to shore after attempting to cross the Channel in small boats.

Border Force said it dealt with four incidents involving 33 people on Friday. More than 7,400 people have been intercepted crossing the English Channel in 2020. In the last fortnight Immigration Enforcement arrested 19 people on suspicion of people smuggling. Dan O'Mahoney, clandestine Channel threat commander, said: "We are also committed to fixing the asylum system, to make it fairer and firmer, compassionate to those who need help and welcoming people through safe and legal routes."

30 से अधिक लोगों को, जिन्हें प्रवासी माना जाता है, छोटी नावों में चैनल पार करने का प्रयास करने के बाद तट पर लाया गया है।


The failed abortion survivor whose mum thought she was dead

Summary: When Melissa Ohden was 14 she learned a shocking secret - her mother had tried to abort her. She was saved by a nurse who heard her crying as she lay among medical waste at a US hospital. This is the story of her survival, and of the mother who thought she was dead.

By Adam Eley and Jo AdnittBBC Victoria Derbyshire programme "I grew up knowing I'd been born prematurely, that I had been adopted," Melissa Ohden, now 41, tells the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme. "What I didn't know was that there was this great secret behind all of this. That I should have been delivered dead, and instead I was born alive." In 1977, in a hospital in the US state of Iowa, Melissa's 19-year-old mother had undergone an abortion using a toxic saline solution over five days. Born at eight months and weighing less than three pounds (1.3kg), Melissa was placed among medical waste. That was, until a nurse heard her weak cries and slight movements. Melissa was rushed to an intensive care unit, where - against the odds - she survived. Doctors thought she would be blind, and at one stage believed she had a fatal heart defect. But she has gone on to live a perfectly healthy life, being brought up by an adoptive family. "It is astonishing", Melissa admits. "I pinch myself some days." Melissa - who has written a book about her experiences - says she only found out she was an abortion survivor when her sister in her adoptive family let it slip during an argument. "You know Melissa, at least my biological parents wanted me," she had shouted, without thinking. At first Melissa was confused, but as the realisation kicked in - and she sat down with her adoptive parents - it led to a downward spiral in her mental health. "I turned my pain upon myself," she explains. "It was a lonely place. "I developed an eating disorder, struggled with alcohol abuse. I didn't want to be me." The pain continued to build, until five years later - aged 19 - she took the bold decision to track down the mother who had aborted her. It was a process that took more than a decade, but eventually she found her - and discovered a truth that shocked her. "The biggest secret truly is that my birth mother had spent over 30 years of my life believing I had died that day at the hospital. "She was not told I survived. It was kept a secret from her," she says. "I was placed for adoption without her ever knowing. "She never knew if it was a little boy or a little girl she had delivered." It was for this reason that when the two first met face-to-face, three years after they had begun emailing, Melissa was most struck by the "regret" in her mother's eyes, which she says haunted her for some time. She struggles to describe the moment they first met, but says "it was absolutely surreal. "It was one of those defining moments of your life." But the shocks continued to come. Her birth mother, Ruth, told her she had never wanted to have an abortion, and that she had been put in a position of feeling forced to go through with the termination. "What I learned was my grandmother - her mother - was a prominent nurse in the community, and that the local abortionist was a friend of hers. "Together they literally forced the abortion on my birth mother against her will. "They were able to bypass the hospital regulations and procedures that my birth mother would have had to go through. "So people at the hospital thought it was her choice, and she had no opportunity to fight back." Melissa's survival had been even more unlikely as her grandmother, who worked at the hospital where she was born, had instructed her colleagues to "leave the baby in the room to die" that day - a fact she had openly admitted among family members. "It's not been easy for me to live with," Melissa says, reflecting on her grandmother's comments. "But I'm not angry with her. We all make mistakes in this life. I don't hold that against her. "My heart breaks for her," she continues, "because I will always wonder what it was in her life that made her take that decision on mine." 'One of the luckiest' In fact, Melissa insists she is "one of the luckiest people in the world", to firstly have survived, and then to have both her adoptive parents and her birth mother in her life. By complete chance, Melissa and her birth mother now live in Kansas City, as well as one of her half-sisters. They see each other "as often as we possibly can", Melissa says, with joy. "My biological family is a huge part of my life." It means that having seen the regret in her mother's eyes on that first meeting two years ago, she now gets "to experience her joy". Watch the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme on weekdays between 09:00 and 11:00 on BBC Two and the BBC News Channel in the UK.

जब मेलिसा ओहडेन 14 साल की थी तो उसे एक चौंकाने वाला रहस्य पता चला-उसकी माँ ने उसका गर्भपात करने की कोशिश की थी। उसे एक नर्स ने बचाया जिसने उसे अमेरिकी अस्पताल में चिकित्सा कचरे के बीच लेटते हुए रोते हुए सुना। यह उसके जीवित रहने की कहानी है, और उस माँ की जिसने सोचा कि वह मर चुकी है।


Coronavirus rules: Scotland swelters as lockdown starts to ease

Summary: People across Scotland flocked to parks and beaches as the easing of some lockdown restrictions coincided with a weekend of glorious weather.

The new rules allow Scots to sunbathe and meet friends or family from one other household outdoors for the first time in months - as long as they do so in groups of up to eight people, and keep at least two metres apart. Troon Loch Lomond St Mary's Loch St Andrews All pictures are copyrighted.

स्कॉटलैंड भर में लोग उद्यानों और समुद्र तटों पर उमड़ पड़े क्योंकि कुछ लॉकडाउन प्रतिबंधों में ढील शानदार मौसम के सप्ताहांत के साथ हुई।