Newquay reinvented: ‘You stopped finding knickers in your garden’

Summary: In the summer of 2009 Newquay's image was in tatters. The town was known as a hardcore party resort where anything went. Thousands of teenagers made post-exam pilgrimages to the Cornish coast to drink until they passed out, while gangs of stags and hens marauded through the streets, making the town a no-go area after dark for families and couples.

By Johanna CarrBBC News Then two teenagers died falling from cliffs, while a third was seriously injured - all in the space of a few days. Suddenly time was up on Newquay's days of dangerous debauchery. "I can't describe what it was like when the under-18s were coming," says Tracy Earnshaw, who was involved in campaigning to change the culture of the resort. "Indecent exposure was the norm. You used to ring Newquay police and not get much response." In 2009, Tracy lived with her young family in Newquay town centre. Life was pretty tough - they struggled to sleep at night due to the noise, were only able to drive "bangers" because of the number of times wing mirrors and wipers were snapped off, and were trying desperately to sell up and move away. Her campaigning took up a lot of time. "My focus was mostly the underage drinking and lap-dancing clubs which contributed to the antisocial behaviour," she says."They were just all feeding on one another and people were not being held accountable. There was a lot of vested interests and a lot of turning a blind eye." Now she is pleased nobody wanted to buy her home and is glad she still lives in the town. She becomes emotional talking about how things have changed. "It has been quite a phenomenal change, actually," she says. "The less stag groups that came, the less anti-social behaviour there was. You stopped finding knickers in your front garden." In the immediate aftermath of the deaths in July 2009, residents like Tracy rose up and marched on Newquay Town and Cornwall councils, demanding an end to the permissive culture in the town. Soon measures were brought in to try to ensure young people's safety. Newquay Safe - an award-winning partnership between the council, police and about 20 other agencies - was set up and schemes like a bar crawl code of conduct, Challenge 25 and alcohol-free under-18s club nights all aimed to tackle the resort's problems. At the time, Insp Dave Meredith was relatively new to the top policing job in Newquay. Tracy says Insp Meredith, who is retiring at the end of the month, was "instrumental" in changing the culture of the town. "He didn't really care who he upset by simply doing his job," she says. "I would say he was the first person who actually looked at the problem and decided something should happen. He wasn't shy about going into licensed premises and saying 'what is going on here?'" Insp Meredith says Newquay is "absolutely a different place" today. "It was sort of a Wild West town back then," he says. "It was just power drinking and fighting and all that… I knew it was going to be a really challenging job. It is great that we have moved forward in 10 years from something that was causing concern to a lot of people. It was 10 years or so of hard work." He describes himself as "very forthright" and says he was an advocate of "robust" action. He says one thing he looked at was the town's lap-dancing clubs. He found there was "compelling evidence showing issues with them". "That is why we decided to take them to licensing review," he says. "I think Newquay is a far safer place with the closure of these lap-dancing clubs." This summer for the first time in many years Newquay's nightclubs and campsites did not run any dry nights for under-18s because there were no longer enough coming to make it worthwhile. Insp Meredith says there is now a "very robust policy making sure that under-18s don't go into pubs and clubs". He says they work very closely with the licensees. "They realise it is not worth risking their business by letting these people in," he says. "These days we don't have a real problem with underage drinking." Another change has been what is acceptable for people to wear while out drinking in Newquay. A mankini ban has been credited with helping to reduce crime and antisocial behaviour. Insp Meredith says this was never a police initiative but rather the venues banding together and deciding they no longer wanted customers dressed in that way. Inflatable genitalia and T-shirts bearing offensive slogans were also prohibited in a code of conduct for the Newquay Pubwatch scheme, meaning people wearing or carrying such items would not get into venues signed up to it. Robin Jones is one of the faces of the new Newquay - a town of upmarket cafes, wine bars and yoga studios. He owns a wine and tapas bar and says life and holidays here have become more family-orientated. Robin says he would not have wanted to live in Newquay in 2009 but moved to the town seven years ago and loves it. "It is such a beautiful place around the beaches and the coastline," he says. "I think it was massively let down by the town identity and the culture that went with it. House prices have risen dramatically and I think that is attracting a different sort of person to the town. There happened to be three wine bars all started up about the same time three years ago." He says he thinks their success is down to Newquay's new clientele wanting somewhere a bit more upmarket. The entrepreneur says there are fewer stag and hen dos now and those that do come and dress up tend to get turned away. "A lot of the businesses won't let them in any more," he says. "I feel a bit sorry for them because they are walking around with nowhere to go to. "All the people that come in the bar say what a different town it is and how much nicer and calmer it is." Tourism data from Visit Britain shows Newquay does not appear to have suffered a big drop in visitor numbers since the changes. The tourism survey indicates there were 526,000 visits to the town in 2009 and 441,000 in 2010. Between 2016 and 2018 there was an average of 487,000 visits each year. You may also be interested in: Debbie Anderson-Jones has also noticed how much calmer Newquay is. She started volunteering as a street pastor a decade ago and has seen the worst the nightlife had to offer. The street pastor scheme has now ended and these days she runs Pirans Angels, which offers a similar service on a reduced number of nights. Of the drinking culture, she says: "It started on a Saturday afternoon and [you used to think] if we are going to town we have got to get in and out before they start... by 10pm people were like 'you need to get off the streets because all hell will break loose'." She says they are now seeing far fewer people on the streets who have made themselves vulnerable through drink, and anyone who causes trouble is effectively instantly banned from all the other venues. "If someone is difficult in one club, door staff and the cameras work together to identify that person and that group and relay that message to every pub and restaurant," she says. "If you are kicked out of one place you are not getting in anywhere. We will say to them 'I just heard what you did, you are all on CCTV, you might as well go home now'." Debbie says the stag groups that still come are different from their predecessors and seem to want to do other activities as well as drinking. As for Tracy, she says her life has completely changed. Recounting incidents of being flashed at and meeting a 15-year-old girl wandering the streets after being raped, she says she can't quite believe how much is different, and credits the change to the right people being in the right places at the right time. "I think a lot of people will forever be grateful to Dave Meredith because he made a difference," she says. "These kids who were 15 and 16 were here to get hammered without any accountability... it was grim and we were made to feel guilty if you had a problem with it. "You had to be really resilient. We always knew we were right and what was happening was wrong. It was unacceptable and actually it was against the law."

2009 की गर्मियों में न्यूक्वे की छवि धूमिल हो गई थी। शहर को एक कट्टर पार्टी रिसॉर्ट के रूप में जाना जाता था जहां कुछ भी हो जाता था। हजारों किशोरों ने परीक्षा के बाद कोर्निश तट पर शराब पीने के लिए तीर्थयात्रा की, जब तक कि वे गुजर नहीं गए, जबकि हिरणों और मुर्गों के गिरोह सड़कों पर घूमते रहे, जिससे परिवार और जोड़ों के लिए अंधेरा होने के बाद शहर एक नो-गो क्षेत्र बन गया।


East Sussex wildlife charity appeal response praised

Summary: A wildlife charity in East Sussex which launched an emergency appeal for help after its funds "plummeted" has praised the public's response.

The East Sussex Wildlife Rescue and Ambulance Service said it has received over £4,500 in donations. Founder Trevor Weeks said the charity has been at full capacity since Easter, which has had an impact on its funds. He said: "Thanks to everyone's donations our bank balance is up enough for us to start rescuing again."

ईस्ट ससेक्स में एक वन्यजीव दान संस्था, जिसने अपने धन में "गिरावट" के बाद मदद के लिए एक आपातकालीन अपील शुरू की, ने जनता की प्रतिक्रिया की प्रशंसा की है।


'The year I lost my limbs was the most brilliant of my life'

Summary: In a few weeks Alex Lewis went from being the owner of a pub, to becoming critically ill and a quadruple amputee. Yet he still describes the past year as the best he's ever had.

By Kathleen HawkinsBBC News, Ouch "There are days when I wake up and I think gosh my shoulder hurts, or wow my stumps are sore, but I just keep on pushing forward," Alex Lewis explains. He's on speakerphone as he is unable to hold a phone now he has no hands. As well as losing his limbs, Lewis also lost his lips and nose. Surgeons have since grafted skin from his shoulder into lips leaving him, he jokes, looking like a Simpsons character and with a nose that constantly runs. The positivity 34-year-old Lewis, from Stockbridge, Hampshire, has found over the past year has been remarkable for those close to him, and he says he feels happier now than before his illness. Many would find it hard to believe, but he says that great things have come of it. "It's made me think differently about being a dad, a partner, a human being," he says, and a new charity set up in his name has given him a huge impetus to help others. Despite this positive attitude, he can't do a lot of the things he once loved, like cooking and playing golf. He and his partner Lucy have lost the pub they once ran. 'Survival chance of 5%' It was in November 2013 when Lewis thought he had "man flu", but when he spotted blood in his urine, followed by blotchy, bruised looking skin he knew something more serious was happening. It turned out to be a streptococcal infection (type A) and he was rushed into hospital in Winchester on 17 November 2013. The infection penetrated deep into his tissues and organs, and triggered blood poisoning, or sepsis, a life-threatening condition that causes multiple organ failure. The skin on his arms and legs, and part of his face had quickly turned black and gangrenous. For his family and friends, at his bedside every day while he was on a life support machine, it was shocking to see. But for his son Sam, just three at the time, it looked merely as though Daddy was covered in chocolate. Lewis's infected limbs were starting to poison his body and, as soon as he was off life support, he was told he would have to have his left arm amputated above the elbow. He says he felt no sadness or emotion at the news because the doctors were incredibly matter-of-fact. "It was a case of 'this arm is killing me so it has to go,'" he says. It was the second week of December and although he had lost an arm, he wasn't yet out of danger. His damaged legs were beginning to poison his body and, in quick succession he had two more operations to amputate first one leg, then the other, leaving him with just one limb - his right arm. "I processed every amputation individually," he says. "Part of me thought let's just get this process done so I can get out of hospital and home." But ultimately he says he didn't have much time to think. His right arm had been damaged too, but doctors thought there was a chance of saving it. It took 17-and-a-half hours in an operating theatre on Christmas Eve 2013 to rebuild it. Surgeons stripped the arm to scrape the dead tissue away. Then they took 16.5ins (42cm) of his left shoulder blade, along with the skin, muscle, nerves and tissue and grafted it on to his right arm. Having lost three limbs already, use of that remaining hand was seen as crucial by doctors and Lewis was desperate to do what he could to keep it. "I learned along the way that all the quadruple amputees I've met say the one thing they'd kill for is a hand," Lewis says. "It means you can still do your daily stuff, get a drink, write." But the damage proved to be too severe and, one night, while he was asleep, Lewis rolled over and snapped the arm in two. "My hand was dangling down by my elbow," he says. His partner Lucy was devastated, and imagined a far harder life for him now he had no limbs - but Lewis says he didn't care. "There is no point waiting for five years trying to get an arm working again," he says. "I think psychologically it would have been much more damaging to wait all that time and then lose it." With all four limbs amputated, Lewis had to learn how to go about his new life. He could no longer get himself up and washed and dressed in the morning, so had to get used to a carer coming in once a day - but first on his to-do list was learning to walk. He began a 10-week walking course at Queen Mary's Hospital in Roehampton but after just two weeks he surprised everyone by successfully walking on devices called "rocker pylons" - prosthetics on a short pole, with a large rocking foot. He's been walking on them for almost three months now and says he is making great progress but still finds them awkward. "Going up stairs is difficult because of the shortness of them," he says, "and different terrains are hard." He has chosen to use prosthetic arms and currently uses ones with hooks. His attitude is: "I might as well try what is best and then make my mind up." The prosthetics let him do things like open a fridge, pick up a drink or open a bag of sweets, actions which aren't possible using his stumps. He says it still feels like he's living in a dream world and that it's all "a bit alien". Catching sight of himself in a mirror feels uncanny, he says, because the body he had become used to for 33 years has changed beyond his recognition. "It can be upsetting but I just think it is incredible what the human body is able to overcome," he says. Follow @BBCOuch on Twitter and on Facebook, and listen to our monthly talk show

कुछ ही हफ्तों में एलेक्स लुईस एक पब के मालिक से गंभीर रूप से बीमार और चार गुना विकलांग हो गए। फिर भी वे अभी भी पिछले वर्ष को अपने अब तक के सबसे अच्छे वर्ष के रूप में वर्णित करते हैं।


What happened to England's lost football grounds?

Summary: West Ham United are due to move to the Olympic Stadium in Stratford from Upton Park in 2016 while Tottenham Hotspur, who have plans for a new stadium next to their current White Hart Lane ground, will have to find a temporary home venue for the 2017-18 season.

By Andrew DawkinsBBC News They are just the latest clubs to leave their long-established homes - a trend which began in the 1990s and which shows no signs of abating. So what became of England's lost football grounds? Arsenal: Highbury. Closed in 2006 There are hundreds of flats around the old Highbury pitch and John Jeans lives in one with a view of the famous turf from the old North Bank. However, while this is a dream for many Arsenal fans, Dr Jeans has slightly mixed feelings about it. He is a Chelsea fan. "I did say to my wife we'd never live at Highbury," he said. "But a year and a half later, because of the practicality (of it), we ended up moving there." "The Arsenal fans, they like to point out where (Thierry) Henry scored a free kick or (Dennis) Bergkamp scored that goal. "We're very lucky to live in the old stadium.... (But) you feel vaguely irritated by the scene." The North Bank and Clock End stands were demolished after Arsenal left in 2006, but the facades of the old East and West Stands were preserved, while the pitch became a garden. Dr Jeans, 30, a season ticket holder at Chelsea from 1997, said there had been "queues of people" at his gated community since he moved there last year. "Every home game at the Emirates (Arsenal's new stadium) there are people huddling at the four corners of the (old Highbury) ground. "When someone comes out, they pile in... You have stewards trying to take people out. "Before cup finals there are queues of people who come to kiss the old Highbury pitch." Oxford United: The Manor Ground. Closed in 2001 Oxford United now play in League Two but in the 1980s they were briefly a First Division club. Matthew Cavill was nine years old when the club put one over Sir Alex Ferguson in his first game in charge of Manchester United at the Manor Ground in 1986. "Myself and my brother were taken on a whistle-stop tour of the ground," he said. "(Sir Alex) went 'I'm sorry son, but we're going to ruin your day because we're going to win'. (But) I told him in the room we would win 2-0 and we did." However, it was the opposite emotion at the final game there against Port Vale in 2001 before the site became The Manor Hospital. "I was one of the last people to leave the ground. When you have spent so much of (your) life there and then it's gone and we've been relegated, I just felt very empty." Mr Cavill, 37, from supporters' trust OxVox, said the Manor Ground was "never very aesthetically pleasing, but it gave off an aura" which the new Kassam Stadium, the club's home since 2001, "has never had". "(The Manor Ground's) atmosphere was superb. Because it was a small, tiny ground, you felt like with a packed crowd you were about on top of the players and it had a slope which I never appreciated until I got older and played there for my school as a full back. "The (Kassam Stadium) capacity is over 12,000 and our ground average is about 5,500. It's got an open end, the car park end behind the goal... The noise gets lost." "The entrance for the London Road End where the main Oxford fans chanted, that's the same as one of the entrances to the hospital. It's a very weird feeling when you walk up there." Middlesbrough: Ayresome Park. Closed in 1995 After Middlesbrough's Ayresome Park ground closed, Robert Nichols, editor of the fanzine Fly Me To The Moon, decided to live in a house built on the site of the former ground. "I'm just off the pitch. I'm roughly where the Boys End was... where my schoolmates and me watched the matches," he said. "It cost us 50p to get in, which was our pocket money." Boro's old home is not forgotten, though. About 10 bronze sculptures were made to show where key parts of the ground were. In one front garden, a sculpture of a football shows where the penalty spot was. A jumper and a scarf signify two corner flags, while a set of football boots on one doorstep is in the middle of the old centre circle. "The lady in the house is really proud of them," Mr Nichols, 52, said. "The other penalty spot is under someone's front room carpet." Only the vandalised Holgate Wall behind the popular end survives at the site. He has had visitors from Scandinavia, North Korea and South Korea while giving tours of the site, "I wanted to live at Ayresome Park, but I chose the best house from my point of view. It's special enough living at Ayresome Park!" Stoke City: The Victoria Ground. Closed in 1997 "There were grown men who were crying, tears streaming down their faces." Ian Dodd, 72, remembers the day Sir Stanley Matthews returned to his hometown club in the 1960s, but he first went to the ground aged seven, when "the turnstile guy used to let us younger kids sneak under the barrier". "If you got there early enough you could sit on the wall which was right on the edge of the pitch, unless you got a particularly stroppy policeman who made you stand behind it," he said. Mr Dodd, from Clayton, near Newcastle-under-Lyme, also remembered when the Butler Street stand "blew down in a gale" and evidence of the Potteries' industrial heritage - a man "covered in clay, completely white from head to toe". "He would've come straight from the pot banks... You'd go home and you'd be dusting clay off you where the bloke had been squashed up against you in the stand." Now, though, 17 years after the last game, the site owned by developers St. Modwen is a fenced-off field awaiting planning permission for new housing. The former Stoke City social club opposite the ground's main entrance - at one time a scooter garage - is also derelict. "Shops suffered... Also the pub on the corner, The Victoria, that shut too. "It's sad that nothing's been done with the land... It's completely overgrown, there is fencing all around, there is rubbish, dogs running along and fouling, and it's sad to think what went on here years ago and what has happened to it." Bristol Rovers: Eastville Stadium. Demolished 1998 "I bought a square metre of turf. Me and my son used to play Subbuteo on that piece of grass, when he was growing up - we put it on a paved area on the patio." Mike Jay, 59, paid about £5 for his slice of Eastville history, while other Bristol Rovers fans bought bulbs from floodlights. After being inspired by England's World Cup triumph in 1966, he became a Rovers supporter in 1967 and remembers the smell of gas which gave fans the nickname of Gasheads. "The gas works was immediately behind the Tote End. It was just a whiff of gas... (But) certainly in the evenings you could smell it." Although Rovers relocated in 1986 and an Ikea store was later built at Eastville, Mr Jay said one floodlight remained near the M32 motorway for many years after the football club had left and the greyhound track around the pitch had gone. "In the centre of the store I've tried to visualise where the pitch would have been, but it's not that easy," he said. "The tills are where the North Enclosure was, where I spent most of my time watching. "You come down the steps to the entrance to Ikea (in the same place as) steps on the way down to where the turnstiles were. "We would go to a football match rather than go into a Swedish furniture store. It doesn't hold the same excitement for me as going to a football match!" Southampton: The Dell. Closed in 2001 Southampton left The Dell in 2001 and the site is now a mixture of houses and flats with apartment blocks named after former players, such as Le Tissier Court, after Matt. The development follows the shape of the ground, if not the size, with buildings being erected around a central open space, the Ugly Inside fanzine editor Nick Illingsworth, 53, said. However, the origin of the name Crossley Place, a social housing area where the ground's car park used to be, is unclear. "The only connection I can find is Matt Le Tissier's only penalty miss was against Nottingham Forest and the goalkeeper was Mark Crossley," said Mr Illingsworth. "Was someone in the developers a Nottingham Forest fan with a bit of a sense of humour?" Bolton Wanderers: Burnden Park. Closed in 1997 Anthony Rearden, a season ticket holder from the age of three, has lived in Bolton all his life. The telesales worker watched games from all four sides of the ground and now shops "every other day" at the Asda store where he once stood at the Railway Embankment end behind the goal. There are about 10 football photos by windows near the checkouts, including pictures of the ground "in its prime" in the 1950s when Nat Lofthouse was banging the goals in, but he feels "sad" going back to the area, he said. "The people who have never been there would not know there's been a football ground," the 44-year-old said. There are also stores on the old car park outside the former "Manny" (Manchester) Road stand and on the former Burnden Terrace behind the opposite touchline on the right of the photo. "It changed the geographical thing of Manchester Road. The pubs down there used to be packed every day. "(Of) three pubs, two are still there but not run as pubs... (However) the pie shop on Manchester Road is still there. You used to see the players coming out of the pie shop before and after the game." Additional reporting from Matt Lee

वेस्ट हैम यूनाइटेड को 2016 में अप्टन पार्क से स्ट्रैटफोर्ड के ओलंपिक स्टेडियम में स्थानांतरित किया जाना है, जबकि टोटेनहम हॉटस्पर, जिनके पास अपने वर्तमान व्हाइट हार्ट लेन मैदान के बगल में एक नए स्टेडियम की योजना है, को 2017-18 सीज़न के लिए एक अस्थायी घरेलू स्थल खोजना होगा।


Was Doctor Who rubbish in the 1980s?

Summary: Doctor Who is 50 this year and has plenty to celebrate. But just like chart-topping bands with albums they wish they had never released, the veteran sci-fi TV show has had its share of turkeys. Why is the 1980s the decade so many fans love to hate?

By Shaun LeyNewsnight It started well. John Nathan-Turner, the new producer, revamped the opening titles. He cast a new doctor, Peter Davison, and cut the jokey tone. Other changes were out of his hands. Doctor Who was evicted from its Saturday time slot, the itinerant Time Lord roaming the TV schedule in an increasingly desperate search for an audience. At the same time the big budget sci-fi cinema seen in films like The Empire Strikes Back was being emulated by US TV imports such as Battlestar Galactica. But what didn't change was the way Doctor Who was made. Complex special effects had to be conjured up in evening studio recordings, a way of producing TV more suited to courtroom drama or soaps. Sylvester McCoy, lead actor from 1987 until the programme was cancelled in 1989, laments that there was never enough time to do the special effects well - a Time Lord unable to turn back the clock. The case for the prosecution? Colin Baker, McCoy's predecessor forced to wear possibly the most distracting costume ever devised for a leading man, the casting of celebrities (including Beryl Reid, Richard Briers and Ken Dodd) as well as minor pop stars in guest roles, and forgettable baddies, like a green sea monster called The Myrka. The actors inside the costume had managed to give some character to the pantomime horse in the children's programme Rentaghost, but even they couldn't save The Myrka from plumbing the inky depths of TV special effects. The demise of the Myrka was played on Room 101 to illustrate Michael Grade's antipathy to 1980s Doctor Who. As Controller of BBC One, he suspended the show for 18 months in 1985. "I thought it was rubbish. I thought it was pathetic," Grade told the programme, "cardboard things probably clonking across the floor, trying to scare kids. You just sit and laugh at it." Hang on, though. 1980s Doctor Who doesn't have a monopoly on imaginative ideas that don't work. The Dalek Invasion of Earth (1964) was apparently carried out by wobbling flying saucers which wouldn't have been out of place in the classic cinema flop Plan 9 From Outer Space. The Talons of Weng Chiang (1977), an evocative slice of life on the seedy side of Victorian London, is marred by a laughable giant rat costume. Years later, the costume designer, James Acheson, given more money and time on feature films like Dangerous Liaisons, deservedly won three Oscars. So why do stories from the 1980s routinely get such a hard time? Production techniques and effects budgets could not match feature films. Even video games made Doctor Who look dated. BBC bosses of the time now admit they did not know what to do with the programme, and rather hoped it would go away. John Nathan-Turner tried to keep Doctor Who in the public eye, with a series of bold attempts to generate publicity. In 1986, Bonnie Langford was cast as the Doctor's sidekick. She made headlines, though fans were appalled. At the start of the 1980s they had adored John Nathan-Turner, or JNT as he was known, and he enjoyed the adulation. But pleasing the fans and satisfying the casual viewer simultaneously was hard to pull off. At the end of the decade, though, having survived an 18 month suspension, Doctor Who was on the up. Effects may still have been hit and miss - contrast The Destroyer ("Battlefield") with the Cheetah People ("Survival") - but scripts were more sophisticated, exploring race and sexual identity, and passing critical comment on 1980s Britain. The performance of Sheila Hancock as Helen A in The Happiness Patrol was a homage, of sorts, to Mrs T. Too late to save it, though. As one former BBC insider told Richard Marson, author of a biography of JNT, to be published later this month, by putting it out at the same time as Coronation Street was airing on ITV, in 1989 Doctor Who was "scheduled to death". The 1980s are being re-lived at the British Film Institute right now, as part of the programme's anniversary celebrations. First, Russell T. Davies and now Steven Moffat have made the 21st Century version both a critical and popular success. The lesson of the 1980s, though, is not to take it for granted. A powerful producer can drive a programme forward, but in time can also become a barrier to change. Fans can buoy you up, but pleasing them can leave you deaf to the wider audience. Doctor Who in the 1980s may not have won awards, but behind the latex and laser guns, there were some bold ideas fighting to be heard. Watch Newsnight's Doctor Who film on Wednesday 29 May 2013 at 2230 on BBC Two, and then afterwards on the BBC iPlayer and Newsnight website.

डॉक्टर जो इस साल 50 साल के हो गए हैं और उनके पास जश्न मनाने के लिए बहुत कुछ है। लेकिन एल्बमों के साथ चार्ट-टॉपिंग बैंड की तरह वे चाहते हैं कि वे कभी रिलीज़ न हों, अनुभवी विज्ञान-फाई टीवी शो में टर्की का अपना हिस्सा रहा है। 1980 के दशक में इतने सारे प्रशंसक नफरत करना क्यों पसंद करते हैं?


Isle of Man weapons amnesty: More than 90 firearms surrendered

Summary: More than 90 firearms have been handed in during a month-long weapons amnesty in the Isle of Man.

Police said 92 firearms, along with dozens of knives and other weapons including a cross bow, were surrendered at police stations across the island. Firearms Officer Carl Woods said scale of the response was "surprising". The scheme, authorised by the Attorney General, meant people handing in items are exempt from prosecution. Similar surrenders have taken place in the UK.

आइल ऑफ मैन में एक महीने तक चलने वाली हथियारों की माफी के दौरान 90 से अधिक आग्नेयास्त्र सौंपे गए हैं।


Coronavirus doctor's diary: A patient given hours to live, who proved us wrong

Summary: Many Covid-19 patients continue to need care at home, once they leave hospital. The story of Mary Blessington illustrates how the path to recovery can involve U-turns, writes Dr John Wright of Bradford Royal Infirmary.

We've already had our second spike - in care homes - and we know the third is waiting impatiently in the wings. Epidemics often have long and bumpy tails. If you catch Covid-19, your risk of death if you're over 80 is 15%. If you are under 50, it is less than 1%. We were late in protecting our care home residents and far too many have died far too early. But most of our older people live independently, many of them alone. Our new Covid-era NHS will have to adapt quickly to care for them, whenever possible keeping them out of hospitals, where the virus abounds, but also looking after them when they are discharged as survivors. In Bradford we are fortunate to have an innovative team called the Virtual Ward, who've been fulfilling this role for the last couple of years. It's almost as though they knew Covid was coming. It was a member of staff on the Virtual Ward that noticed all was not well with Mary Blessington, after she was discharged and returned to her loving husband, Michael. Mary and Michael were both admitted to hospital with Covid-19 on the same day, having most likely caught the virus at the funeral of one of their sons on 16 March. They have been together since the age of 13 and, coincidentally or not, it was when they were placed side by side on the same ward that they began to recover. (I wrote about this here.) Michael was discharged first, and the family was overjoyed when Mary was allowed home a few days later. But Elaine Martin, a trainee advanced clinical practitioner who visited Mary at home, noticed that she was still having difficulty breathing, and that she was deeply worried both about her husband's health and her own prospects of recovery. "She was still having symptoms, she still felt breathless and chest tightness but I think a lot of it was anxiety. She felt she was going to die, and her husband had recovered but has an underlying condition, so there was a lot of anxiety," Elaine says. The decision was taken to bring Mary back to hospital - which was fortunate, because that night her condition worsened. It was thought she might only have hours to live, so Michael and the couple's two surviving sons came to the hospital early in the morning, put on PPE and sat with her, saying their goodbyes. But I am glad to say Mary recovered again. She remains very poorly, and is receiving help for her anxiety, but we hope she is on the mend. Mary is only 67. We have had numerous older parents who have recovered on our wards from Covid-19, but there is a good reason for keeping older people out of hospital if we can and sending them home as soon as it is safe to do so. For elderly patients, every day in hospital leads to "deconditioning", a loss of physical and mental functioning. For some, the strange environment can cause delirium - a condition with symptoms ranging from drowsiness, confusion and rambling speech to hallucinations. The Virtual Ward allows elderly patients to remain instead in familiar surroundings, or to return to them quickly - perhaps enjoying the company of a spouse, children or friends - while also continuing to receive complex clinical care. Staff are on call 24/7, and patients remain the responsibility of the doctors who referred them. "There are really important clinical reasons for people to be in hospital, of course, but for multiple reasons, elderly people just do better at home," says Kate Moore, an occupational therapist trained to understand what equipment and adaptations frail people need at home after being discharged from hospital. "People get weaker when they're in hospital, there's incontinence, not eating and drinking, all those things seem to get worse for people when they're in a hospital bed, and especially in a world where people are wearing masks and they might feel very disorientated. So we try to replicate the care of the ward but in people's own homes." Front line diary Prof John Wright, a doctor and epidemiologist, is head of the Bradford Institute for Health Research, and a veteran of cholera, HIV and Ebola epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa. He is writing this diary for BBC News and recording from the hospital wards for BBC Radio. With an ageing population in the UK, many living alone with chronic health problems, there are many people who need more help than local authorities currently provide - all of the political parties accept that. Reform has been promised for years. And now we have Covid to contend with as well. The virus has been disrupting the support networks that some frail and elderly people rely on, and increasing their isolation. "There's a huge problem and growing one around depression and loneliness, because people are doing less with family members. They probably aren't walking as far as they used to. People that we would normally refer to a group for group exercise aren't going to group exercises. So people are getting weaker. So we're going to see more falls," says Kate. One of her patients, 81-year-old Phyllis Holmes, fell and broke her wrist several weeks ago. More recently she developed a cough and diarrhoea and was admitted to hospital with suspected Covid-19 - two warning signs seen in many elderly patients - but her swab came back negative. So she is now back at home, but coping alone is hard. "I can't open my front door or turn on the taps properly - I tried turning them on and nearly flooded the place," she says. "I haven't been able to wash my hair since March. I can't open my pills because I can't get the grip on the bottle - my neighbours would help in the past but they're staying away because of Covid." Before the lockdown, Phyllis also got help from her daughter, but she too is now staying away in case she picks up the virus at the supermarket where she works. The rest of Phyllis's family are isolating for their own health reasons. Kate says she will practise some wrist exercises with Phyllis and help her to find ways of opening the door and getting out into the garden. Another patient on Kate's calling list is Vernon Fearing, who is in his late 80s. Vernon came to Bradford from Jamaica in the 1960s to work on the railways. He has diabetes, and recently had a minor stroke. A couple of weeks ago, when his blood sugars plummeted, he was taken to hospital by ambulance treated and discharged. A week later, when he developed a high temperature, he was admitted to hospital again with a suspected urine infection. But when he was tested, it turned out he had Covid-19. Vernon has been sent home to recover but he is still infectious and this has to be carefully managed. "What we're desperate to try and do for him is just make sure that he doesn't get any weaker than he already is. He's upstairs in his house. He can't come downstairs so I'm taking him a walker to see if that helps him at least get up from bed," Kate says. "I'm going to try to educate the family a little bit on exercises they can do, partly for physical stimulation, but also mental stimulation because obviously, with Covid sometimes people get a hypoactive delirium, which means they get less active, they become very, very drowsy." If that happens, there's then a risk that they will lose interest even in eating and drinking. The person who will help Vernon with his exercises is his granddaughter, Jodie. His wife, Carmen, is in her room, coughing - she is waiting for a test result that will reveal whether she is also Covid-positive. Vernon has trouble speaking. He says he wants to see the sun from his bedroom window so Kate helps him get up and suggests that he dresses each morning. She's going to try to get him re-tested to find out if he is still infectious - which is a concern for Jodie, who has a condition that requires her to take drugs to suppress her immune system. "I can just count my blessings because I know there's a lot of other families that are going through even worse, where they've actually lost members of their families," Jodie says. "And I've just got to be grateful. I'm thankful, even though it's not the best situation." Apart from the two days she spent at home, Mary Blessington has now been in hospital for six weeks. It's not only patients admitted to intensive care - like Mohammed Hussain - who need prolonged treatment for Covid-19. Mary is also not alone in having had return to hospital after being discharged. When Mary is feeling better she asks her son, Craig, to bring her food - a prawn salad, a fruit salad with melon, or crisps - which he leaves at the entrance of the hospital to be taken to the ward. I heard good news on Saturday morning that Craig was en route to the hospital with a big lunch order. When Mary eventually leaves hospital for the second and hopefully final time, she is likely to need further care at home for many more weeks. It will be the Virtual Ward that provides this, until her recovery is complete. Follow @docjohnwright and radio producer @SueM1tchell on Twitter

ब्रैडफोर्ड रॉयल इन्फर्मरी के डॉ. जॉन राइट लिखते हैं कि कई कोविड-19 रोगियों को अस्पताल से निकलने के बाद भी घर पर देखभाल की आवश्यकता होती है। मैरी ब्लेसिंगटन की कहानी बताती है कि कैसे ठीक होने के रास्ते में यू-टर्न शामिल हो सकते हैं।


Shell targets the Arctic

Summary: Ben van Beurden has entered the polar bears' den.

Kamal AhmedBusiness editor@bbckamalon Twitter After predictions that Shell might well give up on its Arctic adventure following a collapse in the oil price, endless legal challenges and operational headaches that saw one of their rigs catch fire and a drilling barge run aground - today the oil giant has announced it is restarting operations. Or at least it would like to. It still doesn't have the correct drilling permits and is facing court actions. But if these matters can be sorted out - and that's an IF probably worth writing in capitals - Shell's chief executive told me that the oil major hoped to start exploratory drilling again this summer. Two years ago the oil giant announced a "pause" in its operations in Alaska which were first given the go-ahead a decade ago. The decision came after a string of controversies which you can read about here. But it is now clear a pause did not mean the end of the project. "We didn't abandon all the infrastructure, you cannot, for such a large and complex operation, scale down and scale up whenever you want," Mr van Burden told me. "We have been preparing all this for a potential return." Simon Henry, Shell's chief financial officer, made the point with numbers. It will cost Shell just over $1bn to restart operations this year. And it will cost just under $1bn to keep the project approximately mothballed. "The potential in the Arctic is very, very significant," Mr van Beurden said. Some estimates suggest that there are as many as 24 billion barrels of oil under the Arctic, enough to satisfy America's thirst for hydrocarbons for more than three years. "We believe that the Arctic probably holds the largest yet to be discovered resource base," the Shell chief executive said. The oil major is clear. This is exploring for "potential oil" rather than actual reserves it knows are there. Shell has already discovered gas and the judgement is that there is likely to be a large oil rim around the field. The company believes there is a better than 50% chance of finding oil. Now, for something that is indisputably risky, some might see that as a pretty low percentage. Certainly, Greenpeace doesn't think it is worth it. "Despite announcing cuts [to other investments] Shell hasn't taken the opportunity to cut its most high-cost, high-risk project," Charlie Kronick from the pressure group said. "Shell is taking a massive risk doggedly chasing oil in the Arctic, not just with shareholder value, but with the pristine Arctic environment. "A spill there will be environmentally and financially catastrophic. It's time for investors to recognise that it's impossible for Shell to justify its continued pursuit of offshore Arctic oil." Of course, Mr van Beurden is not ignorant of the issues. "I am very much aware of these concerns. We share the concerns," he said, arguing that there would be "multiple lines of defence" for the environment. "We are as well prepared as any company can be, to mitigate the risks and to make sure we can deal with consequences if there is an issue. "But I know it is an issue that divides society. There is always going to be a difference of opinion about drilling in the Arctic. I don't think we will ever be able to convince everyone that this is the right thing to do." He then goes on to make a broader point. "It is however true that the world does need more hydrocarbons for many years to come. "The energy system is going to double again in its size in the first half of this century. We will need a significant amount of renewables and oil and gas to actually meet that demand. "Oil companies have been there for many, many years. Let's not think that the Arctic is untouched. There have been many activities there which have been very successful without any spills in many, many decades." Shell will need to be ready for a prolonged fight.

बेन वैन बेउर्डेन ध्रुवीय भालू की मांद में प्रवेश कर चुके हैं।


Nigeria: Video of manatee dragged along road sparks outrage

Summary: Nigeria's environment ministry has launched an investigation after a video emerged of an endangered manatee, also known as a sea cow, being dragged along a dusty road by a group of young men.

It is not clear when the footage was filmed. The animal has been tied in ropes and can be seen trying to get away. Deputy Environment Minister Sharon Ikeazor branded the video "very distressing", and said officials were trying to rescue the creature. Ms Ikeazor said the incident took place in the oil-rich Niger Delta region, and called for an awareness campaign "to educate our people to protect the manatee". Manatees are large marine mammals, which are mostly herbivorous. It is illegal to hunt them in Nigeria, but they are still killed for their meat, oil, and organs which are used in traditional medicine, the AFP news agency reports. Many people in the Niger Delta are poor, despite the region's oil wealth. Pressure group the Blue Planet Society, which campaigns to preserve ocean life, said it was shocking that a "supposedly protected West African manatee can be abused in such a public way". There are about 10,000 manatees along the coast of West Africa, AFP reports, but their numbers are in steep decline. Around the BBC Africa Today podcasts

नाइजीरिया के पर्यावरण मंत्रालय ने एक लुप्तप्राय मनाती, जिसे समुद्री गाय के रूप में भी जाना जाता है, को युवाओं के एक समूह द्वारा धूल भरी सड़क पर घसीटे जाने का एक वीडियो सामने आने के बाद जांच शुरू की है।


Birmingham Rep photos shine spotlight on backstage world

Summary: When the lights go down and curtain goes up, the eyes of the theatre audience are trained on the actors treading the boards.

But behind the scenes, a small army of rarely-seen people are central to bringing a production to life. Birmingham photographer Fraser McGee spent two months at the city's Rep theatre capturing their efforts, gathering more than 1,000 images in the process. Of those, he picked 100 black and white photographs for a new exhibition which opens this week. Production - Behind the Scenes at Birmingham Repertory Theatre runs from 27 June to 5 August 2019 at Medicine Bakery and Gallery, in New Street, Birmingham.

जब रोशनी कम हो जाती है और पर्दा ऊपर चला जाता है, तो थिएटर दर्शकों की नज़रों को बोर्डों पर चलने वाले अभिनेताओं पर प्रशिक्षित किया जाता है।


King's Lynn Mart petition handed in after child's death

Summary: A petition calling for roads in King's Lynn to be shut during a fair, after a three-year-old boy was killed by a car, is to be handed to the borough council.

Rio Bell, from Lowestoft, Suffolk, died on 15 February after he was hit on King Street during the annual Mart fair. The petition has now received more than 5,000 signatures. Campaigner Paul Macey, who sat in the road with Rio after he was hit, said the petition would hopefully ensure "another child doesn't lose his life". He said roads around the fair, based on the town's Tuesday Market Place, should be fully closed on Saturdays and on other days at about 17:30 GMT - the time when Rio was struck. The figure of 5,000 names means the petition will now need to be debated at a full council meeting. Norfolk Police's serious collision investigation team is appealing for witnesses to the crash. The two-week Mart finished at the end of February. Rio's funeral was held earlier at St Peter and St John's Church in Kirkley, near Lowestoft.

एक तीन वर्षीय लड़के की कार द्वारा हत्या के बाद, एक मेले के दौरान किंग्स लिन में सड़कों को बंद करने की मांग करने वाली एक याचिका, नगर परिषद को सौंपी जानी है।


Can ice structures solve a Himalayan water crisis?

Summary: It's midnight at 3,500m (11,000ft) above sea level, the coldest time of the day, in one of the coldest places on the planet. In the middle of winter, temperatures here plunge to -30C (-22F).

By Shivaani KohokInnovators, BBC World Service A group of 10 volunteers are gathering; putting into place a plan to solve a water crisis in Ladakh, the northern most region of India, in the high Himalayas. They are building manmade ice structures, more than 30m tall, that they hope will melt early in the spring and give villagers and their farms the water they need. The ice structures are the brainchild of engineer Sonam Wangchuk. Born in Ladakh, he has worked for several years to find innovative solutions to everyday problems facing the local communities. "We tend to get the solutions created in New York or New Delhi, but they don't work for us here in the mountains. I believe mountain people have to find solutions for themselves," he says. Villagers in Ladakh face harsh living conditions. Road blockages in the winter months mean they are cut off from the rest of the country for most of winter. Mr Wangchuk says the effects of climate change are adding to the problem. He says there are signs that global warming is damaging the delicate climatic water balance in the Hindu Kush Himalayan range. "We can see that the glaciers are receding, to higher altitudes. There is less water in spring, but in the summer months we have experienced dangerous flooding. The water flow in the valley has become erratic," he explains. Mr Wangchuk was inspired by a fellow engineer working in the region, Chewang Norphel. Mr Norphel had created flat artificial glaciers at heights of 4,000m (13,123ft) and above. But the villagers were reluctant to climb up to those levels. Mr Wangchuk says he was crossing a bridge when the idea for his ice structures crystallised. "I saw that there was ice under the bridge, which at 3,000m (9,842ft) was the warmest and lowest altitude in the whole area," he recalls. "And this was in May. So I thought - direct sunlight makes the ice melt, but if we protect it from the sun, we can store ice right here." Ladakh And so, in 2013, he and his students from the Secmol Alternative School began to create prototypes of the ice structures near the village of Phyang. They call the structures "stupas" because they bear resemblance to Tibetan religious stupas - elegant hemispherical or conical structures with pointed tops that contain relics, such as the remains of Buddhist monks. The technology behind the ice structures is simple. Pipes are initially buried under the ground, below the frost line, before the final section of the pipe then rises vertically. Due to the difference in height, temperature, and the gravitational force, pressure builds up in the pipe. The stream water eventually flows up and out from the pipe's raised tip like a fountain. The sub-zero air freezes the water to gradually form a pyramid like structure. "We are freezing water that goes unused in winter and, because of the geometric shape it doesn't melt till late spring," says Mr Wangchuk. In late spring the artificial glacier starts to melt and water can be used for drip-irrigation of crops. The BBC's Innovators series reveals innovative solutions to major challenges across South Asia. Ever heard of the concept of "jugaad"? It's a Hindi term meaning cheap innovation. If you have created a life hack or innovation that you are proud of, or spotted one while out and about on your travels, then share your picture with us by emailing yourpics@bbc.co.uk, use the hashtags #Jugaad and #BBCInnovators and share your picture with @BBCWorldService, or upload your submission here. Learn more about BBC Innovators. As the ice structures look like the familiar religious stupas, Mr Wangchuk believes that this leads to a better sense of ownership amongst the locals. After some initial success with one ice structures in 2014 the nearby Phyang Monastery got involved. The Buddhist monks asked the team to build 20 ice stupas. A successful crowd funding campaign raised $125,200 (£96,500). This money funded a 2.3km (1.43 mile) pipeline which brought water down to Phyang. Mr Wangchuk claims this pipeline can support at least 50 ice stupas. Mr Wangchuk is also now helping to build ice stupas near the winter sports resort town of St Moritz in Switzerland. After an initial prototype is built and tested, the Swiss want to expand the project to counter the phenomenon of fast-melting glaciers in the upper reaches of the Swiss mountains. "In exchange for the ice stupa technology, the Swiss will share their expertise and experience in sustainable tourism development with the people of Phyang, to revive the dying economy of the village," says Mr Wangchuk. But he feels positive about the future. "We want to train enthusiastic youth through our university, and eventually we are hoping to create a whole generation of ice or glacier entrepreneurs.''

यह आधी रात समुद्र तल से 3,500 मीटर (11,000 फीट) की ऊँचाई पर है, दिन का सबसे ठंडा समय, ग्रह पर सबसे ठंडे स्थानों में से एक में। सर्दियों के बीच में, यहाँ तापमान-30 डिग्री सेल्सियस (-22 डिग्री फ़ारेनहाइट) तक गिर जाता है।


Does military intervention increase the terror threat?

Summary: In a narrow sense, Jeremy Corbyn's assertion that Britain's recent military interventions have increased the risk of terror attacks in the UK is widely accepted. Many would say it's a statement of the blindingly obvious.

By James RobbinsBBC diplomatic correspondent Taken in isolation, most of Britain's security, defence and diplomatic community readily accept that an increased terror threat inside the UK follows after any military intervention in a predominantly Muslim country. We don't need to look far for the evidence of that. On the eve of Tony Blair's invasion of Iraq in March 2003, the government's Joint Intelligence Committee was blunt in its assessment of possible consequences of war with Iraq: an assessment which was then marked Top Secret but was declassified to allow its publication as part of the findings of the Chilcot Inquiry. "The threat from al-Qaeda will increase at the onset of any military action against Iraq. They will target Coalition forces and other Western interests in the Middle East. Attacks against Western interests elsewhere are also likely, especially in the US and UK, for maximum impact," it stated. "The worldwide threat from other Islamist terrorist groups and individuals will increase significantly. Al-Qaeda associates and sympathisers may well attempt chemical or biological terrorist attacks in the Gulf, including against UK civilian targets there, in the event of war with Iraq. While individual attacks are likely to be small-scale they may be numerous. Individual attacks might inflict relatively few casualties, but will cause significant alarm." In fact, the largest single terror attack in Britain took place on 7/7, in July 2005, of course. Few dispute that Britain's decision to join the invasion of Iraq was used by the 7/7 attackers and those who had radicalised them as part of their excuse for killing civilians in Britain. It is also true that subsequent British military action overseas - including in Libya - has been used by extremists to justify further massacre of innocents in the UK. But Jeremy Corbyn's critics say none of this necessarily means that Britain's military actions overseas were wrong, merely that they definitely had consequences. Separately, many of them argue that Mr Corbyn, even if he didn't intend it, has been "crass" and "insensitive" in his timing, and seems to be providing some sort of excuse for the Manchester bombing, however careful he was to deny that. So if the link between British military intervention and an increased risk of terror attacks in Britain is not seriously disputed, where did that history of intervention originate? Largely in the foreign policy pursued by Tony Blair, as prime minister, intervening first in Sierra Leone, then in Kosovo, with a large measure of public support, to protect civilian populations, including the Muslim majority in Kosovo, from mass murder. It was the same sort of motive, the responsibility to protect civilians at imminent risk, which was put forward by David Cameron and the then French president Nicolas Sarkozy, to explain their intervention against the regime of Colonel Gaddafi in Libya. The British public was divided over that, and even more so over the invasion of Iraq. The prime minister herself, of course, came close to repudiating the Blair doctrine of British military intervention and, by implication, David Cameron's action in Libya, in her United States speech last January. "This cannot mean a return to the failed policies of the past. The days of Britain and America intervening in sovereign countries in an attempt to remake the world in our own image are over. But nor can we afford to stand idly by when the threat is real and when it is in our own interests to intervene. "We must be strong, smart and hard-headed. And we must demonstrate the resolve necessary to stand up for our interests." Mrs May was not absolutely ruling out future British military action overseas, but she was recognising there had been failures. All of this said, extremism in the name of Islam, or in the name of an extremist interpretation of Islam, long predates any of Britain's modern military interventions in countries with Muslim majorities, particularly in Afghanistan, Iraq and in Libya. Al-Qaeda has been actively killing civilians since the mid-1990s, achieving global notoriety by killing hundreds of civilians in the 1998 bomb attacks in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam. And you can trace a history of grievance in the Middle East against the major imperial powers, including Britain, far further back than that. Equally, not taking a frontline part in foreign wars is also no protection against Islamist terror. Neither Belgium nor Germany played any substantial fighting role in Afghanistan, Iraq, and still less Libya. Germany has been heavily criticised by some other EU countries for being too generous to migrants, the majority of them Muslims. That hasn't kept those countries safe. Both have suffered mass-casualty civilian attacks, just as Britain, France and others have done. The arguments provoked by Jeremy Corbyn are complex. He is accused of being selective and simplistic in his analysis. His critics fault his timing. At an acutely sensitive time, the speech has reopened debate about some of the most difficult issues of foreign policy which touch all of our lives - above all, perhaps, the question: how do we protect tolerance against the intolerant?

एक संकीर्ण अर्थ में, जेरेमी कॉर्बिन का यह दावा कि ब्रिटेन के हालिया सैन्य हस्तक्षेपों ने ब्रिटेन में आतंकवादी हमलों का खतरा बढ़ा दिया है, व्यापक रूप से स्वीकार किया जाता है। कई लोग कहेंगे कि यह स्पष्ट रूप से स्पष्ट बयान है।


Bishop of Birmingham holds candlelit vigil for Paris

Summary: Hundreds of people have taken part in a candlelit vigil led by the Bishop of Birmingham in sympathy with people affected by the attacks in Paris.

The gathering, outside the cathedral in St Philip's Square, included speeches from leaders of different faiths. The Right Reverend David Urquhart said it was for "people of all faiths and none to join together in solidarity and reflection". A minute's silence was also held as part of the ceremony. The bishop said: "At times like this, the different faiths in Birmingham are able to show that we are united in our condemnation of these attacks and in our determination not to let events like this damage the good relations we have here in Birmingham." Landmarks across the UK, including the Library of Birmingham, were illuminated in the colours of the French flag on Saturday night as a gesture of solidarity with those affected.

पेरिस में हमलों से प्रभावित लोगों के साथ सहानुभूति में बर्मिंघम के बिशप के नेतृत्व में सैकड़ों लोगों ने मोमबत्ती जलाने में भाग लिया है।


Christmas campaign to tackle drink and drug drivers launched

Summary: Police forces across Wales have launched an anti-drink driving campaign in the run-up to the Christmas period.

Over the next four weeks, thousands of motorists face being stopped at various locations and times across Wales. The campaign, involving all four police forces in Wales, includes advertising, social media and, in some cases, the naming and shaming of drivers. Led by Dyfed-Powys Police, the All Wales Winter Anti Drink and Drug Driving campaign runs until 1 January.

पूरे वेल्स में पुलिस बलों ने क्रिसमस की अवधि के लिए शराब पीकर गाड़ी चलाने के खिलाफ अभियान शुरू किया है।


Oetzi the Iceman's nuclear genome gives new insights

Summary: New clues have emerged in what could be described as the world's oldest murder case: that of Oetzi the "Iceman", whose 5,300-year-old body was discovered frozen in the Italian Alps in 1991.

By Jason PalmerScience and technology reporter, BBC News Oetzi's full genome has now beenreported in Nature Communications. It reveals that he had brown eyes, "O" blood type, was lactose intolerant, and was predisposed to heart disease. They also show him to be the first documented case of infection by a Lyme disease bacterium. Analysis of series of anomalies in the Iceman's DNA also revealed him to be more closely related to modern inhabitants of Corsica and Sardinia than to populations in the Alps, where he was unearthed. 'Really exciting' The study reveals the fuller genetic picture as laid out in the nuclei of Oetzi's cells. This nuclear DNA is both rarer and typically less well-preserved than the DNA within mitochondria, the cell's "power plants", which also contain DNA. Oetzi's mitochondrial DNA had already revealed some hints of his origins when it was fully sequenced in 2008. Albert Zink, from the Eurac Institute for Mummies and the Iceman in Bolzano, Italy, said the nuclear DNA study was a great leap forward in one of the most widely studied specimens in science. "We've been studying the Iceman for 20 years. We know so many things about him - where he lived, how he died - but very little was known about his genetics, the genetic information he was carrying around," he told BBC News. He was carrying around a "haplotype" that showed his ancestors most likely migrated from the Middle East as the practice of formal agriculture became more widespread. It is probably this period of transition to an agrarian society that explains Oetzi's lactose intolerance. Prof Zink said that next-generation "whole-genome" sequencing techniques made the analysis possible. "Whole-genome sequencing allows you to sequence the whole DNA out of one sample; that wasn't possible before in the same way. "This was really exciting and I think it's just the start for a longer study on this level. We still would like to learn more from this data - we've only just started to analyse it."

नए सुराग सामने आए हैं जिन्हें दुनिया के सबसे पुराने हत्या के मामले के रूप में वर्णित किया जा सकता हैः ओटज़ी द "आइसमैन" का, जिसका 5,300 साल पुराना शरीर 1991 में इतालवी आल्प्स में जमे हुए पाया गया था।


Fiddler on the Roof's 50 years of musical success

Summary: It's exactly half a century since the premiere of Fiddler on the Roof - among the most successful stage musicals written to date. In 1964 Sheldon Harnick and his colleagues worried that the setting, a small Jewish township in eastern Europe in the early 1900s, might limit the show's appeal. But, says Harnick, the show's real subject is a universal one - family.

By Vincent DowdArts correspondent, BBC World Service Sheldon Harnick is 90 and in a long career he's seen a lot change in New York theatre. "Back in the Sixties," he recalls, "if you were producing a show you did backers' auditions to raise the money." "I remember one audition for Fiddler. As people left I heard someone say dismissively 'Oh once they run out of Hadassah benefits there'll be absolutely no audience for it'. At the time I feared maybe they were right." In America Hadassah is the main Jewish women's organisation. Fiddler on the Roof was the fifth show written by lyricist Harnick and composer Jerry Bock. The others had been flops or had modest financial success. The show's script was by Joseph Stein. Bock and Stein both died in 2010. "Years before, a friend sent me a novel called Wandering Star about a travelling Yiddish theatre group in eastern Europe. I loved it so I asked Joe Stein would it work as a musical. "Joe said it was too big and had too many characters but we dug out other pieces by the same author, Shalom Aleichem. We found a book of short stories called Teyve's Daughters: that's where Fiddler came from." Fiddler on the Roof opened at the Fisher Theatre in Detroit on July 27th 1964. On Broadway it would be the first musical to exceed 3,000 performances and in 1972 it became the longest running Broadway musical to date. (Several shows have overtaken it since.) Sheldon Harnick says ultimately he decided the play's setting was secondary. "People thought it was the great Jewish musical which obviously is thrilling. But I've been watching audiences react now for 50 years and at heart the story is about family. It's the most universal story there is." Every songwriting duo writes in a different way: Bock and Harnick's method was to be in different rooms. "Jerry would put the music onto tape as piano pieces. I'd get a reel of tape delivered which sometimes contained eight or ten pieces for my consideration. "I would listen and maybe in a couple of numbers something caught my attention and I'd get to work on a lyric. It could be a wonderful waltz or I might pick up on a little march theme. That was how a show came together. "People told us we were brave to be doing a very specifically Jewish show. I used to tell them I spent three years in World War II in the army fighting Hitler. Maybe that was brave: this was just Broadway." Fifty years ago it was the norm to open a musical well away from New York to give a chance to sort out problems. Harnick remembers the experience vividly. "Detroit was in the middle of a newspaper strike which meant we got no publicity. It was a five-week run and Harold Prince, the producer, told me we had no bookings after the third week and disaster loomed. "But you just get on with fixing the show. I remember the director Jerome Robbins telling the cast we would fix one thing a day with the script or the staging and that way we'd get to New York in good shape." When finally Fiddler on the Roof reached Broadway the critics were full of praise for the star Zero Mostel, who played the dairyman Tevye. The New York Times said his performance was "one of the most glowing creations in the history of the musical theatre". "Zero Mostel was a comedic genius," says Harnick. "He was extraordinarily inventive but unfortunately that inventiveness meant he wasn't suited to giving the same performance six times a week plus matinees. He got bored and a bored star can be problematic. "Zero would ad lib lines. Or he stood where he wasn't supposed to stand and destroyed other actors' cues. "He would create bits of stage business to delight the audience and stop the show. But that was the problem: he stopped the show. He had a real talent but he was also impossible." After nine months the central role of Tevye was recast. "I told Zero I was sorry to see him go. But he said you're just sorry to see the box-office grosses fall. Actually when he left the box-office didn't fall, which broke Zero's heart." In London, the role of Tevye was taken by Israeli actor Chaim Topol, who went on to star in the 1971 film. Harnick liked his performance but says the best Tevye ever was an actor little known outside America called Herschel Bernardi. Reaching the age of 40, Harnick found himself with the biggest hit on Broadway. Songs such as If I Were A Rich Man, Sunrise Sunset and Matchmaker were heard everywhere. "The early shows I did with Jerry more or less persuaded me I could have a career as a writer, though there were days when I doubted even that. "My first show had been a five-week flop and She Loves Me (1963) was what people politely term a 'succes d'estime' - meaning it got good reviews but didn't pay off the investors. So I think you could call Fiddler's success comforting for everyone concerned. I became financially secure and I was sought after as a lyricist." In 1970, Bock and Harnick returned to Broadway with The Rothschilds. But tensions arose and the writing team hailed as the new Rodgers and Hammerstein split up. Harnick later worked with composers including Michel Legrand. Today he's often asked to give advice to young would-be composers and lyricists. "My first advice to anyone who wants to write lyrics is simple - read widely. "You never know what your assignment is going to be. It's important to feel comfortable in most genres and different styles. So even in this online age, I tell everyone read, read, read. "A lyricist is a kind of playwright. You need to be able to write for character and situation. What would these characters speak like? How were they educated? Those are the questions you need answers to." At 90, Harnick still goes to almost every new musical on Broadway. "For one thing I'm a Tony voter so I'm required to see them and at today's prices that saves me thousands of dollars. But I'm not someone who complains about the state of musical theatre: there's real talent out there. A new staging of Fiddler on the Roof is due on Broadway next year. In the meantime Harnick still takes an interest in productions around the world. "I've been with my wife Margery to see it in Holland and Finland and Japan and many other places. I always listen for where the laughs come. There's sentiment in Fiddler, sure, and maybe a kind of nostalgia. But to hear an audience laugh at a show you wrote all those years ago - that's a thrill."

फिडलर ऑन द रूफ के प्रीमियर को ठीक आधी सदी हो चुकी है-अब तक लिखे गए सबसे सफल मंच संगीत में से एक। 1964 में शेल्डन हार्निक और उनके सहयोगियों को चिंता थी कि सेटिंग, 1900 के दशक की शुरुआत में पूर्वी यूरोप में एक छोटी यहूदी बस्ती, शो की अपील को सीमित कर सकती है। लेकिन, हार्निक कहते हैं, शो का वास्तविक विषय एक सार्वभौमिक है-परिवार।


Did a ham sandwich cause Swindon to become a boomtown?

Summary: Swindon was a small agricultural holding before the arrival of Victorian engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel and his railway. But does the town owe its existence to the trajectory of a discarded ham sandwich?

By Daniel GarrettBBC News The Wiltshire town is marking the 175th anniversary of the decision to open a railway works - the catalyst that transformed it into a bustling industrial centre. But according to legend, the decision to build the works was inspired by a half-finished lunch. Brunel's Great Western Railway (GWR) needed a central repair works at the halfway point between London and Bristol. "He and his superintendent Daniel Gooch were driving along looking for this space to build the locomotive repair works," said GWR historian Felicity Jones. "They knew they needed somewhere along the London to Bristol line, but couldn't make a decision. "So, eating their lunch while they were on the move, Brunel apparently stood up with half a ham sandwich in his hand threw it out of the carriage and said: 'Wherever this sandwich lands we'll build our locomotive repair facility.' And it landed at Swindon." The origins of the story are lost and there appears no way to confirm - or disprove - its accuracy. Felicity said there were "sound reasons" for locating the works in Swindon, such as the availability of land and steep gradients that meant that locomotives on the Swindon to London line had to stop to load up on coal and water. But whether or not a half-finished lunch was involved, Brunel's decision resulted in a remarkable transformation. Swindon was surrounded by open farmland at the time and was home to a population of just 2,500. Within years of the railway works opening, it was employing more than 40,000 workers. Authorisation for the works was given on 25 February 1841. Construction began almost immediately and the 300-acre site became operational on 2 January 1843. Brunel also built a village of terraced stone houses near the works to accommodate his influx of workers. The Railway Village still stands today as a legacy of the great engineer's impact on the town. Swindon Heritage magazine's Graham Carter said: "Old Swindon which is the area we now call Old Town existed for centuries as an insignificant market town. "But when GWR arrived in 1841 and began building the Railway Village below the hill, they were literally creating a new town. This quickly became known as New Swindon. "Most of its inhabitants were skilled men who were 'imported' to work in the railway maintenance and servicing facility created by Gooch and Brunel. "The two Swindons were largely independent of each other until amalgamation in 1900. By then a sleepy Wiltshire rural community had transformed into a major industrial centre." Brunel's GWR Works transformed Swindon from a tiny hilltop settlement with a population of just 2,500 to a leading centre of industry. Graham said: "The population of New Swindon grew from zero in 1841 to around 2,500 in 1851- thus equalling Old Swindon in just 10 years. "By the time Old Town and New Swindon amalgamated as a new borough in 1900, the population was around 45,000, although Old Town had barely changed during this time. Swindon has been growing almost non-stop since 1841." Railway town - how Swindon developed The site thrived for more than 140 years as the national hub of engine building in the UK. As well as providing a world-class repair facility, it was also responsible for the construction of much-loved steam locomotives such as The Evening Star and the King George V. The works finally closed in 1986, shortly after the announcement that 1,500 jobs at British Rail Engineering Ltd would be cut. The First Great Western train operator rebranded itself as Great Western Railway (GWR) in September. GWR's Paul Gentleman said the original company's legacy to Swindon is "the growth of the railway since 1841 as it sits in the heart of our network on the main line serving London, Bristol and south Wales". The land occupied by GWR has long since been redeveloped, with the former workshops and buildings transformed into the McArthur Glen Designer Outlet Village, Botellino's Italian Restaurant and the STEAM Museum. The town now boasts a population of more than 200,000 and is home to major companies such as Intel, WHSmith PLC and Honda.

विक्टोरियन इंजीनियर इसांबार्ड किंगडम ब्रुनेल और उनके रेलवे के आने से पहले स्विंडन एक छोटी सी कृषि भूमि थी। लेकिन क्या इस शहर का अस्तित्व एक फेंके हुए हैम सैंडविच के प्रक्षेपवक्र के कारण है?


Analysis: South Sudan's bitter divide

Summary: Despite calls for a ceasefire and peace talks, fighting is continuing in South Sudan, the world's newest state. From the capital Juba, the BBC's James Copnall reports on the background to the conflict.

In the middle of a new camp for the scared and the desperate, made up of hundreds of makeshift shelters clustered around a road, I saw a familiar face. When I first interviewed David in 2011, he was in Khartoum. A southern Sudanese, he had fled the fighting in his home area, and was living in what was then still the capital of the united Sudan. At the time he was planning to go back home, to celebrate South Sudan's upcoming independence. A few months later, we met again in Juba. Life was hard, he said. There were not many jobs. But the euphoria of independence still glowed strong, whatever the challenges. Now David is displaced in his own country, one of tens of thousands seeking shelter at a UN base to escape the fighting which is devastating South Sudan. Military impulse The implosion has happened incredibly quickly. The clashes began on 15 December in the capital Juba, and within days spread to several other places around the country. The problems have deep roots. Some of them can be found in David's own story. At independence, South Sudan was extremely fragile. The new country had suffered through decades of conflict with Khartoum. South Sudan's leaders are all former rebels, and the step from a political problem to a military response is one that is made far too easily here. Those former rebels had also often fought each other, most notably after Riek Machar and others split away from the main rebel group, the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M), in 1991. Ethnic nepotism The war also deepened ethnic tensions, in part because Khartoum armed some ethnic groups against others. At separation, South Sudan was one of the least developed places on Earth, the result of decades of neglect and the long war years. Millions like David had fled their homes. Any government would have struggled to overcome these sort of challenges. However, South Sudan's political class has failed the people. Corruption is widespread, as is regional and ethnic nepotism. This is what David, and many others, were complaining about after independence. In addition, a political rift within the SPLM grew wider. President Salva Kiir and his deputy, Mr Machar, who had been on opposite sides of the 1991 split, grew more and more antagonistic. In time, other influential figures, including ministers and SPLM Secretary General Pagan Amum also began to criticise the president. He was accused of sacking state governors unconstitutionally, quashing dissent in the party and not allowing a democratic challenge to his rule. "You can't ignore the ethnic dimension in all this," one then-minister told me, suggesting that Mr Machar's fellow ethnic Nuers wanted power at the expense of Salva Kiir's Dinka community. Ethnic tensions were only part of the picture: this was a political squabble first and foremost, and many of President Kiir's critics were from his own ethnic group. That said, in South Sudan, politicians' political bases are often ethnic ones. In July, President Kiir sacked all his cabinet - and Mr Machar. Then came the events of 15 December, which will be debated for years. President Kiir says he warded off a coup - his critics say he simply tried to crush them. Outside the country, at least, President Kiir has not been able to convince that many people that this was, indeed, an attempted coup. Move to war Whatever the trigger, this quickly became a war, with Mr Machar leading rebel forces that have taken key towns like Bor and Bentiu, as well as oilfields. A political squabble has become a conflict - and one with nasty ethnic undertones. Both sides have been accused, by the UN and human rights groups, of ethnically motivated killings. David is convinced he and many other Nuer were targeted in Juba, while Dinkas have said the same in areas attacked by the mainly Nuer rebels. Already existing ethnic tensions have been exacerbated dramatically by this fighting. However, prominent Nuers like the army chief James Hoth Mai and the Foreign Minister Barnaba Marial have not joined the largely Nuer rebels, while Mabior Garang - a Dinka, and the son of South Sudan hero John Garang - is part of Mr Machar's team at the peace talks in Addis Ababa. The negotiations are a welcome positive step, but this crisis will not be resolved easily. The first step will be getting a cessation of hostilities that holds. Then comes a more difficult task still: resolving the political fractures that triggered the conflict. President Kiir has already told the BBC he will not contemplate power sharing, while Mr Machar wants the president to resign. Ultimately it may be possible to come to some sort of political deal, informed by whichever way the military pendulum swings. Yet even if that eventually happens, it would not resolve South Sudan's underlying problems. The political class will need to govern for the people, and not for their own self-interest. South Sudan must be weaned away from its reliance on destructive military solutions to political problems. Above all, a comprehensive national reconciliation programme will be needed. If all South Sudan's many ethnicities and interest groups do not manage to forge a genuine national identity, which puts the national interest first, the country's future looks bleak. David, and millions of others, deserve better.

युद्धविराम और शांति वार्ता के आह्वान के बावजूद, दुनिया के सबसे नए राज्य दक्षिण सूडान में लड़ाई जारी है। राजधानी जुबा से, बीबीसी के जेम्स कॉपनल संघर्ष की पृष्ठभूमि पर रिपोर्ट करते हैं।


Boys arrested after 'threat' against Keyworth pupil

Summary: Two boys have been arrested after armed police were called to a school following reports of a threat against a pupil.

Officers were called to the South Wolds Academy and Sixth Form college in Keyworth, Nottinghamshire, at about 14:30 BST. Two boys, aged 11 and 14, were later arrested and remain in police custody. A spokesman for Nottinghamshire Police said inquiries were ongoing. Follow BBC East Midlands on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram. Send your story ideas to eastmidsnews@bbc.co.uk. Related Internet Links Nottinghamshire Police -

एक छात्र के खिलाफ धमकी की रिपोर्ट के बाद एक स्कूल में सशस्त्र पुलिस को बुलाए जाने के बाद दो लड़कों को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Guernsey hospital to use temporary surgical wards

Summary: Two surgical wards at Guernsey's main hospital could be replaced with a temporary structure for at least the next two years.

The health department already hoped to move patients from Giffard Ward, which has suffered from structural problems and leaks, into a temporary ward. Now it hopes to also move the patients from the De Saumarez Ward, if planners approve of the temporary building. A decision on future of the wards is due before the end of the year. The updated plans for the Princess Elizabeth Hospital site involve building a second storey on the temporary structure.

ग्वेर्नसे के मुख्य अस्पताल में दो शल्य चिकित्सा वार्डों को कम से कम अगले दो वर्षों के लिए एक अस्थायी संरचना के साथ बदला जा सकता है।


Baby loss: The hospital helping bereaved families

Summary: Losing a baby is devastating enough, without having to go through this experience just feet away from people giving birth. A hospital in the Midlands now hopes to take action by building a safe haven for families enduring the loss of their babies.

By Rebecca WoodsBBC News Lynette Parkes' pregnancy had been plain sailing. The customary scans at 12 and 20 weeks had shown a healthy baby boy. The home she shared with her husband Matt in Hagley, Worcestershire, was prepared for the child's arrival. The nursery was decorated, the crib ready and waiting for its first little occupant. But at seven months, Lynette went to hospital after spotting a "pinprick" of blood. Warning: This story contains a picture some people might find distressing The couple expected to be told all was well and sent home again. But instead of the sonographer quickly picking up a heartbeat, there was silence. A scan confirmed their worst fears; their baby had died. "It completely floored us," said Lynette. "There was no indication there was anything wrong." Distraught, the couple briefly went home to gather some belongings and returned to Birmingham Women's Hospital delivery unit. The following day, Lynette gave birth to their boy, who they named James. The feeling of loss was incalculable. But Lynette and Matt were not prepared for what came next - having to cope with the sounds of babies being born around them in neighbouring rooms. "When we were holding him, he looked so perfect that we didn't believe it," said Lynette. "It was like he was about to breathe, he could just open his eyes and start crying. "And so when you're looking at your child's face like that and you hear the babies crying, it's like an echo of what should have been. "It's like the cruellest joke you've ever heard. [I was thinking] open your eyes - you can do this as well, they've got to be wrong. It's harrowing." As the first, overwhelming waves of grief came, they could not escape the cries of joy reverberating around the hospital. "If you left that room you're then surrounded by the sound of live babies, of families coming and going about to have their baby, leaving with their child," said Lynette. "The pictures on the walls are of happy families, smiling babies - it's a constant reminder of what you're not going to get. "Walk through the corridors, pass all the families, pass neonatal - where you you know that, yes, those babies are very sick but they're alive." After leaving James for the final time, Lynette and Matt left by a back entrance. "We felt like we were scurrying away, we were ashamed of what we weren't taking home; ashamed of what we've been through. I felt like such a failure." Every day in the UK, women endure stillbirths in the same wards as those welcoming their healthy newborns into the world. One in every 238 births in 2017 was a stillbirth, figures from the Office of National Statistics show. In the same year, three in every 1,000 neonatal babies - those born after 24 weeks' gestation - died. More than one in five pregnancies end in miscarriage, about a quarter of a million in the UK each year, according to the Miscarriage Association. Among them are those that have to take place on hospital delivery suites. Jo Tidman had excitedly told family friends about her second pregnancy when she passed the 12-week stage. But at a scan three weeks later, after experiencing some spotting, she received the news she dreaded. "We were quickly moved into a quiet room - passing expectant mothers waiting for scans - a toddler chatting to her mum about the baby in her tummy," she said. "I felt sick. I always think of that quiet room as the 'death room' - where they take you to deliver bad news - a sterile area with a wipe-clean sofa and leaflets about miscarriage on the walls." Jo, a BBC journalist in the West Midlands, had to take tablets to end the pregnancy. She was taken to a hospital in the Midlands when she miscarried her baby at home. "When I got there the maternity unit was full, so I was left on a trolley and pushed into a medical supplies cupboard," she said. "My dead baby was put in a plastic bag and left at the end of my bed. I was bleeding heavily but they were busy and so my husband and I were left alone for hours. "We could hear the cries of newborn babies from the medical cupboard we were in and it felt like torture." The bleak situation faced by these women has prompted Birmingham Women's Hospital to take action. It has begun fundraising for a standalone centre for families enduring the loss of their babies. Woodland House would be built on the hospital's grounds, to help the 2,000 women and their families they see every year who have suffered miscarriage, failed IVF, stillbirth or neonatal death. "Many of the places where we break the most awful news to families are not good enough and don't honour the horrible experience that our families are going through," Nicki Fitzmaurice, head of corporate nursing, said. "We talk to families that are heartbroken in tiny rooms where not even the mum and dad can sit down because there's such little space. There might not even be a window. "Outside you can hear the sound of babies crying and happy families, people have balloons, cards and there's lots of cheerfulness, and all you want to do is die a little bit inside. "We want to change that." A crowdfunding mission aims to raise £3.5m for Woodland House, which, if successful, will feature counselling rooms, a private garden, communal lounge for support groups and a family room. It will also have a "sensitive mortuary" which the hospital says will allow "families the opportunity to spend time with their loved ones in comfort and serenity". "Woodland is going to be about honouring loss," said Ms Fitzmaurice. "It's going to be a safe haven, here at the hospital where when terrible things have happened to you - you've had a miscarriage, you've had a stillbirth baby or you've just lost your newborn baby - we're going to build a beautiful place where you can spend time." For Lynette and Matt, holding fundraising events for the new centre is a way of remembering their first little boy. They plan to start by holding a ball. "I think every parent wants their child to have an impact in this world," said Lynette. "By me doing this, I think that's how I'm doing it in his name - it's James having a positive impact in this world." If you have been affected by issues raised in this story, the following organisations are on hand to help: Sands - Stillbirth and neonatal death charity: 0808 164 3332 or helpline@sands.org.uk Tommy's - miscarriage, stillbirth and premature birth: 0800 014 7800 or midwife@tommys.org Miscarriage Association: 01924 200799 or info@miscarriageassociation.org.uk The Lullaby Trust - Sudden infant death syndrome charity: 0808 802 6868 or support@lullabytrust.org.uk

एक बच्चे को खोना काफी विनाशकारी है, जन्म देने वाले लोगों से कुछ ही फीट की दूरी पर इस अनुभव से गुजरे बिना। मिडलैंड्स में एक अस्पताल अब अपने बच्चों के नुकसान को सहन करने वाले परिवारों के लिए एक सुरक्षित आश्रय का निर्माण करके कार्रवाई करने की उम्मीद करता है।


Living next door to a fracking site

Summary: At the UK's first operational fracking facility near Blackpool the shale gas has begun to flow. However, a series of small earthquakes continue to disrupt production, and protests by environmentalists show no sign of abating. What is it like to live next door?

By Stewart WhittinghamBBC News Allan Wensley's farm at Little Plumpton does not just border the Cuadrilla site - the facility sits within it. However, since he decided to lease his field to the energy firm, his farmhouse home has been besieged by protesters and he and his family have had abuse shouted at them. "I've had lots of abuse screamed at me and a few abusive letters calling me 'money-grabbing' and a few names," the 56-year-old said. "The police have had to guard my home and my family have been subjected to unpleasant things on the internet. "However, despite it all, I don't regret a thing. I'm convinced fracking will be a good thing." In 2016 Mr Wensley took his own action when the actor Emma Thompson joined a Greenpeace anti-fracking demonstration on his land. Encouraged by his wife, he drove his tractor in circles around the double Oscar winner and Love Actually star, literally spraying her with manure. The protests have continued, but Mr Wensley believes people in the area are split 50-50 over fracking. "It will supply lots of jobs in the area and I believe it will bring a cleaner, green energy for the country," he said. "A lot of people here want it to supply jobs and money for the area." The roots of Geza Tarjanyi's determined opposition to fracking lie in the 2.3 quake that hit the Blackpool area in 2011, and which a report later said was probably caused by exploratory fracking in the area. The next day the children's entertainer found a 2ft crack in his wall and damage to his roof. It was a turning point and he started a long protest campaign which has resulted in many court appearances, a hunger strike and a 15-day walk to Downing Street. He even changed his surname to Frackman by deed poll and is now a full-time campaigner. "Fracking is just not safe and most local people are against," he insists. "The opposition to this has cost me everything but it's worth it. "I've had serious threats of violence - people threatening to break my legs - but I'll carry on." Rodney Knight runs a kennels just yards from the drilling site on Preston New Road - and the semi-permanent protest camp outside. "I didn't want fracking here - I don't think anyone around here does," he said. "But I believe that if it does take off then it will be good for the area, providing jobs and bringing money. "I hope what they say is true and it will provide a source of energy that is green and good for the environment - this country certainly needs that." He says his business has been adversely affected by the campaigners and calls the protest camp a "disgrace". A £2,000 payment given to him out of Cuadrilla's community fund has been spent on security cameras and a gate after he says he found protesters intruding on his property. "It's not the local protesters that I object to but the professional ones who just wander round the country and then move on," he added. Cuadrilla has donated £100,000 to local projects and given another £100,000 to the community, which voted to share it among those affected. People living within 0.6 miles of the site received £2,000 while those living further away received £150. Tom Stanley, a 73-year-old grandfather, said he was unimpressed by the offer. "I thought it was just a sweetener to keep us quiet," he said. "But it certainly didn't have that effect on me," as he then joked: "I think I took it down the pub a few times." As he walked near Mr Wensley's farm adjoining the fracking site, Mr Stanley added: "I'm not in favour of fracking. "I don't think it will bring the benefits they say and I'm convinced it will be bad for the environment. "There's been earthquakes and it seems to bring up toxic water." Barbara Cookson, 67, has lived at the protest camp for the past two years and only goes home to Liverpool at the weekend. "A lot of the locals used to shout abuse at us as they drove past. "But many have changed their tune since the latest earthquakes and apologised to us." Five miles away in Blackpool, shoppers did not express much optimism that fracking would provide a jobs bonanza or investment in the town, which is one of the most deprived in England. "I can't see any money comes here if there is any," said Eliza Bradley, 19, a shop assistant. "I don't think we'll see any benefits anyway - it will just go in someone's pockets. "I don't agree with it anyway - I think it's bad for the environment and won't really work anyway."

ब्लैकपूल के पास यू. के. की पहली ऑपरेशनल फ्रैकिंग सुविधा में शेल गैस का प्रवाह शुरू हो गया है। हालांकि, छोटे भूकंपों की एक श्रृंखला उत्पादन को बाधित करना जारी रखती है, और पर्यावरणविदों का विरोध कम होने का कोई संकेत नहीं दिखाता है। बगल में रहना कैसा लगता है?


Aye, robot: Scotland's rise of the machines

Summary: Robots are to be placed into the homes of people with dementia as part of a pilot on the Western Isles, but it is just one of many uses machines are being put to in Scotland amid a wider debate on robotics.

By Steven McKenzieBBC Scotland Highlands and Islands reporter NHS Western Isles is the first health board in Scotland to try out Giraff. The 1.5m (4ft 11in) tall, wheeled robots have a TV screen instead of a head. A relative or carer can call up the Giraff with a computer from any location. Their face will appear on the screen allowing them to chat to the other person. The operator can also drive the robot around the house to check that medication is being taken and that food is being eaten. Size and appearance of robots has been a matter of some debate among designers and engineers, as reported in BBC online's Magazine in March. It told how in 1970, the Japanese roboticist Masahiro Mori speculated that the more lifelike robots become, the more human beings feel familiarity and empathy with them - but that a robot too similar to a human provokes feelings of revulsion. Mori called this sudden dip in human beings' comfort levels the "uncanny valley". Child-sized robots are also thought to be less threatening than a large machine. Magazine also told how an EU-wide survey last year found that although most Europeans have a positive view of robots, they feel they should know their place. Eighty-eight per cent of respondents agreed with the statement that robots are "necessary as they can do jobs that are too hard or dangerous for people", such as space exploration, warfare and manufacturing. But 60% thought that robots had no place in the care of children, elderly people and those with disabilities. However, companies in Japan and South Korea are developing childcare robots. Korea has also trialled robot prison guards. Healthcare has emerged as a key area for the use of robots in Scotland. Three years ago, the new £300m Forth Valley Royal Hospital in Larbert, Stirlingshire, became the first in the UK to use a fleet of robots to carry out day-to-day tasks. The robots carry clinical waste, deliver food, clean the operating theatre and dispense drugs. The machines have their own dedicated network of corridors underneath the hospital. Doctors and nurses training at the same hospital use robot patients to hone their skills. A family of seven special mannequins include Stan, who can respond to anaesthetic gases. Another robot simulator, Reg, has a heartbeat, can give blood and describe his symptoms. There is also a baby, two children and a pregnant woman robot. Dounreay, an experimental nuclear power plant in Caithness, has also been at the forefront in the use of robotics. The machines are being designed for, or have already been deployed in, sites too dangerous for humans to work in. A remotely-operated pipe crawler, a device described by its operators as a hi-tech worm, was used to probe the condition of a pipeline once used to discharge radioactive effluent from the site. The £100,000 machine beamed back images from inside the underground pipeline to the sea which was in use from 1957 to 1992. In 2009 it spent five days in the system, sending back video images and radioactivity readings. An underwater robot has recovered hundreds of radioactive particles from the seabed off Dounreay. Other proposed machines include the 75-tonne Reactorsaurus. It was put into development in 2009 to tear out the insides of the Prototype Fast Reactor with 16m-long arms fitted with diamond wire and disks, hydraulic shears, oxy/propane and plasma cutting gear. Designers added six radiation-tolerant cameras relay images and sound back to the control room. Meanwhile, a robotic crane is to be used to remove radioactive waste from a 65.4m pit dubbed the Shaft.

पश्चिमी द्वीपों पर एक पायलट के हिस्से के रूप में मनोभ्रंश से पीड़ित लोगों के घरों में रोबोट रखे जाने हैं, लेकिन रोबोटिक्स पर व्यापक बहस के बीच स्कॉटलैंड में यह कई उपयोग मशीनों में से एक है।