Joint enterprise ruling 'brings heartache' for families

Summary: A Supreme Court ruling means hundreds of people in prison for murder in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, could appeal against their convictions. But for some of the families involved, the decision has brought heartache.

By Emma AtkinsonBBC News "This is giving people with life sentences hope, but can you please tell me where's the hope when your child's been murdered?" Marcia Shakespeare's daughter Letisha was killed along with her best friend Charlene Ellis in Birmingham in 2003, both innocent victims of a drive by shooting. Four men were found guilty of their murders and it was the concept of joint enterprise that was central to securing their convictions. But now judges at the UK's highest court have said the law, which allows people to be convicted of murder, even if they did not inflict the fatal blow, has been wrongly interpreted for more than three decades. Marcia said: "This is basically playing with people's lives. Joint enterprise is the way forward into diffusing violent crime. "I'm not so much worried about my case because my case was not solely based on joint enterprise. But I'm more worried about the other victims who've gone through the process of law and justice and now you're going to revert and bring heartache and decisions in regards to innocent people. " 'Pack of animals' Lorraine Fraser, whose son Tyrone Clarke was killed by a gang in 2004, agreed those convicted under the law should not be able to appeal. "You're running with a pack," she said. "Something happens. You're standing there egging them on - my loved one lying on a floor. They were a pack of animals around him. "Maybe one of them out of that group didn't do the fatal blow but they were there, they did nothing to stop that attack." The latest ruling was based around an appeal by Ameen Jogee, who was convicted of murder, after encouraging a friend to stab a former Leicestershire policeman, Paul Fyfe in 2011. The court heard that Jogee had "egged on" his friend Mohammed Hirsi, who stabbed Mr Fyfe in the heart. Both men received life sentences for murder. But Jogee had argued he was not inside the house when the incident took place, and could not have foreseen what his friend intended to do. Mr Fyfe's widow Tracey said altering the convictions would be "quite devastating for families like us". "It would mean that criminals like Ameen Jogee would literally be getting away with murder... He went that night with the intent to kill somebody. He knew what Hirsi was doing. He is as guilty." 'Incredibly cruel' She said Jogee's continuing appeals had been very difficult to cope with. "It has been devastating. We can't move on. It just doesn't seem to stop," she said. One of Mr Fyfe's three daughters, Tara, described the situation as torture. "If it does go back to a retrial that would be the most horrific thing for us. It was horrific the first time and it seems incredibly cruel to make us go through it again," she said. The law has also caused anguish for the families of those convicted of murder. Jogee's mother Rachel Whitehead described joint enterprise as a "lazy law" and said she was "overwhelmed" at the prospect of her son being released. "It's a law that shouldn't even have been invented. It was just used to convict innocent people of crimes they didn't commit," she said. "I have great sympathy for Mr Fyfe's family. Of course I do. I always have. But justice should be done." Speaking after the ruling, she added: "I'm just absolutely delighted. I'm just looking forward to my son returning home. It's amazing." But the decision does not mean hundreds of prisoners will walk free. In Jogee's case, the court found he was unquestionably guilty of at least manslaughter, and there was evidence that he could have been guilty of murder. The maximum sentence for manslaughter is also life imprisonment.

उच्चतम न्यायालय के फैसले का मतलब है कि इंग्लैंड, वेल्स और उत्तरी आयरलैंड में हत्या के लिए जेल में बंद सैकड़ों लोग अपनी दोषसिद्धि के खिलाफ अपील कर सकते हैं। लेकिन इसमें शामिल कुछ परिवारों के लिए, यह निर्णय दिल दुखाने वाला है।


The Nazi prisoners bugged by Germans

Summary: Thousands of German POWs held captive in England during World War II were bugged by "secret listeners" who were themselves German refugees, working for the British. Historian Helen Fry and one of the last surviving listeners explain how the prisoners were lulled into divulging secrets of the Nazi war machine.

By Mario CacciottoloBBC News One group of German generals captured during World War II thought they had hit the jackpot. Held in a stately home, they were allowed to keep personal servants, drink wine and eat good food. As a result they boasted of how stupid the British were, and one even wrote to his family to wish that they could join him at his prison, as he rated it so highly. But what the prisoners did not know was that British intelligence had bugged every part of their accommodation, from lampshades and plant pots right down to the billiards table around which they relaxed on lazy days. They were gleaning information about the psyche of the Nazi military from the idle gossip flowing between the prisoners. Carefully listening in on their conversations were fellow Germans of Jewish origin who had fled from the Nazis. The bugged prisoners were kept in three locations - Latimer House near Amersham, Wilton Park near Beaconsfield, both in Buckinghamshire, and Trent Park near Cockfosters in north London. The first two held captured U-Boat submarine crews and Luftwaffe pilots, who were bugged for a week or two before being moved on to conventional captivity. The generals, whose numbers eventually reached a peak of 59 as the war progressed, resided in Trent Park until the war ended. Hidden nearby in each of the three stately-homes-turned-prisons were the pro-British Germans, listening in a place known as the "M room" - the "m" stood for microphoned - where "secret listeners" were glued to the bugging devices. Historian Helen Fry, who has written a book called The M Room: Secret Listeners who bugged the Nazis., says the information gleaned by the eavesdropping of the German generals was vitally important to the war effort - so much so that it was given an unlimited budget by the government. She believes what was learned by the M room operations was as significant as the code-breaking work being done at Bletchley Park. "British intelligence got the most amazing stuff in bugging the conversations. Churchill said of Trent Park that it afforded a unique insight into the psyche of the enemy. It enabled us to understand the mind-set of the enemy as well as learn military secrets. "If it wasn't for this bugging operation, we may well have not won the war." Mrs Fry said the conversation transcripts, which numbered more than 100,000, provided the British with "most of what we knew" about Germany's military capability, its weaponry and its new development of technology during the war. Through intelligence pieced together from prisoner conversations, the British were able to identify and heavily bomb a V2 rocket site in May 1943 at Peenemunde on the northern coast of Germany, which was preparing to launch deadly rockets at Britain. Crucially, she adds, the bugging was the first time the British overheard admissions that the German army had taken part in the atrocities and mass killing of Jews and were guilty of war crimes. "The army had always denied it and that was believed for the last 65 years. What the transcripts show us now is that the German army - with the SS - was complicit in war crimes," she says. Apart from comfortable living arrangements, the Trent Park generals enjoyed such luxuries as garden parties hosted by Colonel Thomas Kendrick, the MI6 officer who oversaw the entire bugging operation and who later received an OBE for his efforts. The high-ranking guests chatted away at such events in their native language, unaware that Col Kendrick himself spoke German and that such entertainment was being provided so as to relax them in captivity, making them so unguarded as to spill secrets - which they did. Mrs Fry also says Winston Churchill was outraged when he learned the generals had been bussed into the lavish Simpson's-in-the-Strand in central London for lunch. He ordered what he called "the pampering of the generals" to be stopped. But spoiling the generals and boosting their egos was providing so much useful information that the British intelligence officers decided to carry on, and simply stopped telling Churchill about it. "The generals felt they were being treated according to their status." Mrs Fry said. "One of them wrote home to his family and said 'I really wish you could be here, it's wonderful - but without the barbed wire'. "They had a British welfare officer who once a week would go into London and buy them shaving cream or socks or whatever they wanted. He was called Lord Aberfeldy but he wasn't a peer at all - he was an intelligence officer. "But the British thought the generals would be flattered by being looked after by a lord." There are thought to be only two "secret listeners" left alive from an original group of about 100. One of them is Fritz Lustig, 93, who lives in Muswell Hill, north London. Although born in Berlin and baptised a Protestant, his family had Jewish members and so in the eyes of the Nazis he was "not Aryan enough" and left for England in April 1939. Eager to help fight the Nazis, he eventually joined the British army's Royal Pioneer Corps and, as he was able to speak English, was transferred to the intelligence corps to become a secret listener. Mr Lustig and other secret listeners were told on their first day by Col Kendrick that "what you will be doing here is more important than firing a gun in action". "Morale was high among us," Mr Lustig says, "particularly if we had been able to gather something important. Emotionally, we were completely detached from the people we listened to." He says he can no longer recall prisoner conversations, but does remember marking a transcript with "atrocity" in a red pen at one point. "We listeners didn't feel that the prisoners were our fellow countrymen any more. We knew of all the horrible things that were happening in eastern Europe, with the killing of Jews, and we knew that would have happened to us if we had stayed in Germany. "We felt no guilt - on the contrary, we felt proud to be able to contribute to the British war effort. I'm proud of what we did." Fritz Lustig was interviewed by the BBC World Service programme Witness. Listen back via iPlayer.

द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध के दौरान इंग्लैंड में बंदी बनाए गए हजारों जर्मन युद्धबंदियों की "गुप्त श्रोताओं" द्वारा जासूसी की गई, जो खुद जर्मन शरणार्थी थे, जो अंग्रेजों के लिए काम कर रहे थे। इतिहासकार हेलेन फ्राय और अंतिम जीवित श्रोताओं में से एक बताते हैं कि कैसे कैदियों को नाजी युद्ध मशीन के रहस्यों को उजागर करने में लगाया गया था।


Man's body recovered from River Carron believed to be missing fisherman

Summary: The body of a man who is believed to have been fishing has been recovered from a river near Falkirk.

Police pulled the body of a man in his 60s from the banks of the River Carron at Larbert, at about 09:50. It is understood he was reported missing on Wednesday when he failed to return from a fishing trip. A police spokeswoman said there appeared to be no suspicious circumstances surrounding the man's death.

माना जा रहा है कि मछली पकड़ने वाले एक व्यक्ति का शव फाल्किर्क के पास एक नदी से बरामद किया गया है।


Lynette White: Review into collapse of corruption trial

Summary: The collapse of the UK's biggest police corruption trial, which followed the wrongful conviction of three men for the murder of a prostitute in 1988 will be reviewed by a top barrister, the Home Secretary has announced.

Lynette White was stabbed more than 50 times in the Cardiff docklands flat where she worked. The quashed convictions led to the failed trial of eight officers in 2011. The review will look at whether 227 boxes of documents were overlooked. Home Secretary Theresa May told MPs that Richard Horwell QC would lead the investigation, which will begin on 2 March and aim to complete its findings by the summer. It will also look at the reasons why leading counsel for the prosecution lost confidence in the disclosure process and the case was abandoned. The review will investigate whether lessons have been learnt from the collapse of the trial. South Wales Police Chief Constable Peter Vaughan said the force "has been determined to find the truth about Lynette White's tragic murder and to investigate alleged police wrongdoing in the first investigation. This commitment led to the conviction of Jeffrey Gafoor for Lynette's murder. "We have fully supported and cooperated with reviews undertaken by the Independent Police Complaints Commission and Her Majesty's Crown Prosecution Service Inspectorate and will provide the same level of commitment to Mr Horwell QC." Mrs May said: "The government takes police integrity very seriously. It is at the heart of public confidence in the police and underpins our model of policing by consent. "It is nearly 25 years since three men were wrongfully imprisoned for the murder of Lynette White. "There are still unresolved questions surrounding the reasons why no one was found responsible for this appalling miscarriage of justice. "That is why I have launched a QC-led Investigation into the collapse of this trial so the men who were wrongly convicted and the wider public will see these questions answered." Tony Paris, Yusef Abdullahi and Stephen Miller - who became known as the Cardiff Three - were wrongly jailed in 1990 for Ms White's murder. The three were sentenced to life but were freed in December 1992 after their convictions were overturned. In 2003, new DNA technology led police to Ms White's real killer - Jeffrey Gafoor, who confessed to stabbing her in a row over £30. The 2011 trial of former South Wales Police officers for offences connected with the 1990 trial, including conspiracy to pervert the course of justice and perjury, collapsed because of a series of disclosure failings on behalf of South Wales Police and the Crown Prosecution Service.

गृह सचिव ने घोषणा की है कि 1988 में एक वेश्या की हत्या के लिए तीन लोगों को गलत तरीके से दोषी ठहराए जाने के बाद ब्रिटेन के सबसे बड़े पुलिस भ्रष्टाचार मुकदमे के पतन की समीक्षा एक शीर्ष बैरिस्टर द्वारा की जाएगी।


Untangling the BlackBerry ban

Summary: Saudi Arabia plans to block the messenger function on BlackBerry handsets from Friday while the United Arab Emirates has said it will definitely instigate a similar ban next month. Why has BlackBerry become the thorn in the side of the Gulf states?

By Jane WakefieldTechnology reporter The case of Research in Motion versus Saudi and the United Arab Emirates seems at first glance to be a relatively simple one. Since the September 11 attacks in 2001, governments around the world have stepped up their snooping powers and communications firms are required to comply with these tough new laws and hand over data when asked. RIM boasts of having a particularly secure network claiming to "have spent over a decade building a very strong security architecture to meet our enterprise customers' strict security requirements around the world". So this seems like an obvious clash between a heavily encrypted system and governments keen to get their hands on the encryption keys in an effort to prevent terrorists or other criminals using the system to evade detection. However plenty of other systems, including Gmail and other web-based mail system encrypt their data in similar ways so why has BlackBerry been singled out? Co-operation The regulatory authority in UAE has said that it is because RIM is the only firm that automatically sends users' data to oversea servers. "It is a different system because the back-end works through RIM. Everything gets routed out of the country into Canada," explained Gartner analyst Carolina Milanesi. "BlackBerry has a RIM server controlled by RIM while the others are part of the wider internet," she said. But Bruce Schneier, BT's chief security officer, thinks this makes no sense. "Others must send data out of the country. As to why BlackBerry has been singled out, I don't know," he said. The plot thickens when it becomes obvious that other governments have, in prescribed circumstances, been able to gain access to data on the RIM network for some years. The firm has been in talks with 175 regulators around the world and its latest statement on the matter RIM admits that it does "co-operate with all governments". In the US for example, the authorities can tap into conversations on the device as long as they have proper court orders. Speculation is rife that the Canadian mobile firm did a deal in Russia regarding snooping back in 2008, the same year that it was reported that RIM had also satisfied China's strict security laws. "RIM has, as far as I know, negotiated with Russia. I don't know the specifics because that is something between RIM and the government but Russia did not allow them to sell BlackBerries and from 2008 they were allowed so something must have changed," said Ms Milanesi. In 2008, the BBC reported that RIM was at loggerheads with the Indian government over demands that it help decrypt suspicious text messages RIM's answer then, as now, was that it does not allow any third party - or even the company itself - to read information sent over its network. India is also putting renewed pressure on the Canadian mobile firm to come up with a solution to security concerns. The Indian government told the BBC it was still in talks with RIM and no final decision had been made. RIM won't discuss individual cases but denies that it works out speciific deals in each country. "Any claims that we provide, or have ever provided, something unique to the government of one country that we have not offered to the governments of all countries, are unfounded," the statement said. Mr Schneier said that this "can't possibly be true". "They are very weasely in their statements. UAE wants what others have," he said. So why has this suddenly become an issue again and what exactly have the UAE and Saudi Arabia asked RIM to do? The regulatory authority in UAE remained as tight-lipped as RIM and did not respond to BBC requests for more information on what it has asked of RIM or why. It seems the specifics of the broken-down negotiations are unlikely to become public any time soon but the reason it has suddenly become an issue could be down to the popularity of the device in the Gulf states. "RIM sales are growing in the region so it may be that it poses more of an issue," said Ms Milanesi. David v Goliath According to Gartner's figures, RIM sold 145,000 devices in Africa and the Middle East in the first quarter of 2010, accounting for 1.4% of its overall sales. Other figures suggest that there are around 500,000 overall BlackBerry users in the UAE and more than 700,000 in Saudi Arabia. The market is tiny for RIM but obviously big enough to worry the governments of the countries involved. Some commentators on the issue have claimed that the tale is something of a David v Goliath battle with RIM winning out in the PR stakes. It does, they argue, no harm whatsoever to RIM's image to be seen as protecting customers against government snooping but the reality could be somewhat more complex. Far from being the hero of the tale, RIM seems to be in the difficult position of having to defend its oft-touted secure platform while also having to admit that the very same system is open to legal challenges and access by governments around the world.

सऊदी अरब की योजना शुक्रवार से ब्लैकबेरी हैंडसेटों पर मैसेंजर फंक्शन को अवरुद्ध करने की है जबकि संयुक्त अरब अमीरात ने कहा है कि वह निश्चित रूप से अगले महीने इसी तरह के प्रतिबंध को भड़काएगा। ब्लैकबेरी खाड़ी राज्यों के पक्ष में कांटा क्यों बन गया है?


Trump Kim summit: Who are North Korea's running bodyguards?

Summary: The world once again got a glimpse of Kim Jong-un's suited running bodyguards as they escorted his motorcade in Singapore. But they're more than just a piece of spectacle, because when it comes to the leader's security, North Korea leaves absolutely nothing to chance. Analyst Michael Madden explains more about this mysterious group of men.

When in North Korea, Mr Kim's close bodyguard has three different lines that surround him. There's a modified version of this on display in Singapore and all eyes are on the men in dark suits. The bodyguards running alongside Mr Kim's limousine and those who walk in close proximity to him are part of something called Central Party Office #6, or formally, it's known as the Main Office of Adjutants. They form the immediate line around Mr Kim and are selected from Korean People's Army (KPA) recruits fulfilling their national service conscription obligations. Criteria for selection include a height requirement - they need to be approximately the same height as the supreme leader - and must not have any visual impairments. They must demonstrate certain accomplishments or a high aptitude for skills such as marksmanship - firing a gun - and martial arts. Finally, a bodyguard is subjected to a rigorous background investigation in which his or her family, going back two generations, is vetted. Many personnel of the Main Office of Adjutants are related to the Kim family, or to other elite North Korean families. Once they are accepted to become bodyguards (refusing the job offer is not really an option), they are subjected to an intensive training programme. Bodyguards are trained in a manner similar to the KPA's Special Operations Forces. This includes training in the use of handguns, evasion techniques and a variety of martial arts. Bodyguard trainees undergo physical endurance challenges, behavioural conditioning and physically rigorous drills. The bodyguards form a ring around him with the protective perimeter having a 360-degree view of both the people near him and the location. Walking, riding ahead, or in advance of Mr Kim are between three to five bodyguards including the director of the Main Office of Adjutants. Alongside him are between four to six bodyguards, with two to three on his right and left. Bringing up the rear are an additional four to five bodyguards. In a sign of their power in the regime, they are some of the only North Korean citizens permitted to carry loaded firearms next to their country's leader, usually a semi-automatic handgun and a back-up weapon. Despite carrying firearms, the bodyguards' main defence for Mr Kim are their skills of observation (of people near the leader and the premises), and neutralising any perceived threat with their hands and bodies. When Kim Jong-il was alive, there was a ratio of one bodyguard to two of the senior officials accompanying him. Kim Jong-un's bodyguards, in contrast to his father, are fewer in number and have a less obtrusive presence. Bodyguards are usually attired in Western-style suits and ties, as we see in Singapore, or the Zhongshan suits of party officials. Mr Kim's chauffeurs always wear linen or leather gloves to handle the steering wheel. They also use radio communications with earpieces. However, their primary communication methods are distinctly old school: they wear specific badges and pins on their clothing for a given event to establish their identification, and use a series of spoken passwords and code phrases. The Main Office of Adjutants has an estimated 200-300 personnel, of whom over half are bodyguards, and the remainder are drivers and technical staff. While some of the leader's bodyguards have long careers, most only work in that capacity for 10 years. Liquor, food and cigarettes The Guard Command (GC) comprises the second and third lines of security around Mr Kim. Whereas the Main Office of Adjutants protects the Supreme Leader himself, the GC is mainly responsible for securing the physical premises of wherever he happens to be, whether it's his office buildings, private residences or locations he visits domestically or outside North Korea. In addition to that, the GC fulfils a number of logistical or technical functions to support the leader in his job. Guard Command personnel undergo a similar selection and vetting process as Mr Kim's bodyguards in the Main Office of Adjutants. In fact most bodyguards rotate out of the latter department into the GC. Recent observation and reporting about Mr Kim's visit to Singapore noted that three planes arrived to the city state from Pyongyang. Guard Command personnel were on board at least two of these planes. These men and women are involved in a diverse number of support missions for Mr Kim. They will operate and maintain the secure telephone lines that the leader will use, as well as provide him with whatever computers he uses and IT security required. In addition to that, they have whatever liquor, foods, and cigarettes that Mr Kim will want during his time in Singapore, and will inspect any food or drink before it is served to him. It also has a medical department where his personal physicians and medical staff work, and at least two of these people are with him in Singapore. In terms of Mr Kim's personal security, the GC's #2 Department forms two of the three outer lines of security around him, and they normally focus on where Mr Kim works, stays or visits. The GC establishes one line immediately outside of the bodyguard group around him, followed by a third outer line near any roads, fences or other infrastructure within a half mile of any location. If one were to pop down to the lobby of the St Regis hotel where he is staying in Singapore, one would most certainly encounter them. This three-tier personal security structure is virtually unheard of for any other world leader. And while the running bodyguards are a striking image, it is the additional and not immediately visible layers of security further out that are the most sophisticated and extreme in the lengths they will go to ensure the preservation of the Kim dynasty. Michael Madden is visiting scholar of the US Korea Institute at The Stimson Center and Director of NK Leadership Watch, an affiliate of 38 North.

दुनिया को एक बार फिर किम जोंग-उन के उपयुक्त दौड़ने वाले अंगरक्षकों की एक झलक मिली जब वे सिंगापुर में उनके मोटर काफिले की सुरक्षा कर रहे थे। लेकिन वे सिर्फ एक तमाशे से कहीं अधिक हैं, क्योंकि जब नेता की सुरक्षा की बात आती है, तो उत्तर कोरिया कुछ भी मौका नहीं छोड़ता है। विश्लेषक माइकल मैडेन पुरुषों के इस रहस्यमय समूह के बारे में अधिक बताते हैं।


In pictures: Heavy snow arrives in Yorkshire

Summary: Parts of Yorkshire woke up to heavy snowfall on Tuesday, with hundreds of schools closed and some Covid vaccination centres forced to shut.

An amber weather warning for snow was in force for much of South and West Yorkshire from 03:00 until 12:00 BST. The Met Office said January had an average temperature of 2.2C, making it the coldest across the UK since 2010. People were warned against travelling by road, with disruption to rail services due to the weather. Here is a selection of photos of Tuesday's snowfall in the region:

यॉर्कशायर के कुछ हिस्सों में मंगलवार को भारी बर्फबारी हुई, सैकड़ों स्कूल बंद हो गए और कुछ कोविड टीकाकरण केंद्रों को बंद करने के लिए मजबूर होना पड़ा।


New director for Durham Tees Valley Airport

Summary: Durham Tees Valley Airport has appointed a new airport director.

Steve Gill will take on the role from 1 September, owners Peel Airports announced. He will be responsible for managing both Durham Tees Valley and Robin Hood Airport Doncaster Sheffield. Mr Gill said he wanted to the build on the regional support already shown to the airport by residents and businesses. It is hoped he will build on the recent rise in passenger numbers the airport has seen. Peel Airports chief executive Craig Richmond said: "We know this has been a difficult time for the airport in recent times, but I have no doubt that under Steve's leadership and the great team he will be working with there, Durham Tees Valley Airport will be an airport that staff, customers and the region as whole can be proud of." Mr Gill has nearly 30 years' experience in the aviation industry, the firm added.

डरहम टीज़ वैली हवाई अड्डे ने एक नया हवाई अड्डा निदेशक नियुक्त किया है।


Ferrybridge's new multi-fuel power station approved

Summary: A second multifuel power station has been approved for Ferrybridge.

The site at Knottingley, West Yorkshire is to burn fuel from refuse, industrial and commercial waste including wood, said operator Multifuel Energy Ltd. The £300m plant is to create hundreds of jobs over a three-year build and should produce electricity for about 160,000 homes, it said. The adjoining coal-fired Ferrybridge 'C' plant is to close in March 2016, it was announced in May. The Secretary of State has granted development consent for the new plant. Construction is expected to begin in 2016 with about 35 permanent jobs once it is operational. The power station is expected to produce up to 90MWe of electricity annually by burning 675,000 tonnes of waste that could have ended up in landfill, said Multifuel Energy It is to be built next to the newly-constructed Ferrybridge Multifuel 1 that stated operations earlier this year. Multifuel Energy is a joint venture between power company SSE and and waste management company Wheelabrator Technologies. Related Internet Links Multifuel Energy Ltd Ferrybridge Multifuel 2

फेरीब्रिज के लिए एक दूसरे बहु-ईंधन बिजली केंद्र को मंजूरी दी गई है।


Four rescued as fishing boat sinks near Bardsey Island

Summary: Four men have been rescued from a sinking fishing boat near Bardsey Island off the north Wales coast in rough seas.

An RAF helicopter and a lifeboat responded to the call from the Cesca vessel off the Llyn Peninsula at about 23:20 GMT on Thursday. The captain and three others had to abandon ship to a life raft. They were flown by RAF helicopter to hospital at Ysbyty Gwynedd, Bangor but were later released.

उत्तरी वेल्स तट पर बार्डसे द्वीप के पास उबड़-खाबड़ समुद्र में डूबती मछली पकड़ने वाली नाव से चार लोगों को बचाया गया है।


Portadown: Two in hospital following assault and stabbing

Summary: Two men have been taken to hospital following reports of an assault and stabbing in Portadown, County Armagh.

It happened in the Glenmahon Avenue area of the town on Wednesday evening. The Northern Ireland Ambulance Service (NIAS) said it received a call at 18:50 BST about an alleged assault on a man. It said: "Whilst our crews were transferring that patient to hospital we received a further call from police requesting another ambulance to the scene following an alleged stabbing." Both men were taken to Craigavon Area Hospital where their conditions are not known.

काउंटी अरमाघ के पोर्टाडाउन में एक हमले और छुरा घोंपने की सूचना के बाद दो लोगों को अस्पताल ले जाया गया है।


Canadian militant Omar Khadr revelled in US killing

Summary: Self-confessed Islamist militant Omar Khadr cheered himself up during his time in custody by remembering how he killed a US soldier with a grenade, a military tribunal has heard.

Khadr also told US interrogators where to find bombs planted in Afghanistan. The Canadian, who pleaded guilty at Guantanamo Bay to war crimes charges on Monday, is awaiting sentencing Caught in 2002 at the age of 15, he is the fifth Guantanamo inmate to be convicted at the military tribunals. In a statement agreed by both sides at the tribunal, Khadr admitted killing a US soldier in a 2002 grenade attack in Afghanistan. "[While in custody] he would recall his killing of the US soldier and it would make him feel good," according to the statement, called a stipulation of guilt. The tribunal heard how US forces were able to disarm 10 roadside bombs that Khadr told them about during interrogation. Bin Laden link Khadr pleaded guilty to five charges, including conspiracy with al-Qaeda terrorists and murder in violation of the laws of war. Reports say a plea deal he made will see him avoid a life sentence, and face a maximum of eight more years in jail. In a statement accompanying the plea, Khadr acknowledged that he was ineligible for protection as a prisoner of war under the Geneva conventions because he was not a member of an organised regular fighting force. He admitted to training for combat, building and planting bombs, attacking US troops in a firefight at a compound in Afghanistan in July 2002, and having worked as a translator for al-Qaeda and another militant faction. Khadr, originally from Toronto, had lived in Pakistan and Afghanistan with his father Ahmad Khadr, described by US authorities as a high-level al-Qaeda militant with links to Osama Bin Laden. Ahmad Khadr was killed in 2003 in a firefight with Pakistani troops. "Khadr indicated that his father made statements that the training was to be used in attacks against the Jews because the Jews are always fighting," the plea document stated. 'Bad men' Khadr also said he had been told about a $1,500 (£950) reward for each American killed. "Omar Khadr indicated that when he heard about the reward, he wanted to kill a lot of [Americans] to get lots of money," the plea document stated. The document said no civilians or members of coalition forces had been injured or killed by bombs planted by Khadr and his team. But it stated that during the fatal July 2002 firefight, Khadr could have surrendered. Instead, he stayed to fight, throwing a grenade that killed US Army Sgt First Class Christopher Speer. Khadr was wounded by US fire and captured at the conclusion of the battle. Khadr's lawyers said he was a child soldier forced to fight by his family. They said he was a boy intimidated by "bad men" who ordered him into battle. The US is the first country since World War II to prosecute a person at a war crimes tribunal for actions allegedly committed as a juvenile. A seven-member military panel is to determine Khadr's sentence.

एक सैन्य न्यायाधिकरण ने सुना है कि आत्म-कबूल इस्लामी आतंकवादी उमर खद्र ने हिरासत में अपने समय के दौरान यह याद करते हुए खुद को खुश किया कि कैसे उसने एक अमेरिकी सैनिक को ग्रेनेड से मार डाला था।


Man, 21, dies after stabbing in Sheffield alley

Summary: A 21-year-old man has died in hospital after being stabbed in an alleyway.

Emergency services were called to Langsett Walk in Sheffield just before 18:45 BST on Tuesday. The victim was taken to hospital but died on Saturday, South Yorkshire Police said. An 18-year-old man was arrested on Tuesday on suspicion of attempted murder and has been released under investigation. A 17-year-old boy, arrested on Friday on suspicion of conspiracy to rob, has been released on bail.

एक 21 वर्षीय व्यक्ति की एक गली में चाकू लगने से अस्पताल में मौत हो गई है।


Pamplona 'wolf pack' gang rape trial angers Spain

Summary: Feminists and legal observers in Spain have expressed outrage at what they see as "patriarchal justice" during the trial of five men accused of gang raping an 18-year-old woman during Pamplona's San Fermín bull-running festival in 2016.

By James BadcockMadrid The judge, who will consider his verdict after Tuesday's final hearing, has come under fire over his decisions to allow evidence to be presented about the alleged victim's personal life and character, while not permitting the inclusion of texted conversations between the accused in which they apparently discuss plans to rape women. Searching through conversations in the WhatsApp group called "La manada", or "wolf pack", to which the men belonged, police investigators came across an incident in which video showed some of the individuals apparently abusing another woman, who seemed to be unconscious. Conversations prior to their journey from Seville to Pamplona mention the need to procure date rape drugs and ropes, "because when we get there, we'll want to rape everything we set eyes on". A private detective's report, commissioned by one of the accused, was compiled by spying on the alleged victim in the aftermath of the alleged attack, including her activity on social media and a holiday with friends. Two weeks into the trial, the defence decided to withdraw the file as evidence. The strategy of the defence has been based on an attempt to show that the woman consented to group sex with all five of them. They are men in their late 20s, including a Civil Guard police officer who is also accused of stealing the female student's mobile phone immediately after the incident. If found guilty, the men face prison terms of up to 25 years. "In this trial, it seems that what is being judged is not the crimes, but this woman's honour," says Amalia Fernández, president of Themis, a Spanish organisation of women jurists. Criticising the judge's decision to include the detective's report and media debates over whether the alleged victim had been truthful in describing the late-night encounter with the men as rape, Ms Fernández sees evidence of a systematic bias against women. "We live in a society with patriarchal attitudes. Courts reflect society leading to a double victimisation as in this case. In crimes against women, the victim is turned into a suspect, something that never happens to complainants in other crimes." Ms Fernández questions how the judge could have considered a private detective's report on the student from Madrid to be of any value in evaluating her level of trauma, while describing the material from the accused's WhatsApp conversations as irrelevant in terms of their "preparations" for the alleged crime. She also criticises the fact that the accused were not cross-examined until the end of the trial after hearing all the other evidence and the testimony of the alleged victim, an extremely rare exception to the norm in Spanish trials in which defendants are put on the stand first. When the five men finally gave evidence, women protestors could be heard outside the Pamplona courthouse shouting slogans including "No means no". Media reporting, focusing heavily on the alleged victim's credibility, has been criticised. In one instance, a major TV network ran a poll on Twitter asking the public if they believed it was a rape or consensual sex. Videos of the late-night encounter between the men and the young woman from Madrid show how they wandered the streets among other drunken revellers before two of the men led her into the basement block of flats by the hand. According to the police report on the case, the men surrounded the teenager in a small alcove, removed her clothes and had unprotected penetrative sex. The men sent WhatsApp messages to friends celebrating the sex act, and promised to share videos they took on their phones. Those videos have been examined by the court frame by frame. The police report on the videos says that the alleged victim maintains a "passive or neutral" attitude throughout the scene, keeping her eyes closed at all times. "I just wanted it to finish as soon as possible," she said on the witness stand. The woman was found in a reportedly distraught state by a couple in the street outside the scene of the alleged crime. She told the court she is still having psychological treatment to deal with trauma from the alleged attack.

स्पेन में नारीवादियों और कानूनी पर्यवेक्षकों ने 2016 में पैम्प्लोना के सैन फर्मन बैल-दौड़ उत्सव के दौरान एक 18 वर्षीय महिला के साथ सामूहिक बलात्कार के आरोपी पांच पुरुषों के मुकदमे के दौरान "पितृसत्तात्मक न्याय" के रूप में देखे जाने पर आक्रोश व्यक्त किया है।


Nicki Minaj denies Britney Spears support slot rumours

Summary: US rapper Nicki Minaj has denied she is to support Britney Spears at three concerts in the UK this year.

The 26-year-old quashed rumours that she would perform with Spears at London's O2 Arena on 27 October as well as in Birmingham and Manchester. Nick Minaj released her debut album Pink Friday last year on US hip hop star Lil Wayne's record label. She made it to number 22 in the UK singles chart with Moment 4 Life featuring Canadian rapper Drake. The dates for Britney Spears tour are as follows: London 02 Arena - 27 October Birmingham LG Arena - 30 Manchester MEN - 6 November

अमेरिकी रैपर निकी मिनाज ने इस बात से इनकार किया है कि वह इस साल ब्रिटेन में तीन संगीत कार्यक्रमों में ब्रिटनी स्पीयर्स का समर्थन करेंगी।


Man charged with murdering stabbed woman in Rainham

Summary: A man has been charged with murdering a woman who was stabbed to death in Kent.

The body of Lesley Spearing, 55, was found at a property in the Mierscourt Road area of Rainham at about 20:30 BST on Thursday. A post-mortem examination found she died from a stab wound. Jamie Burnett, of Old Road in Chatham, was known to Ms Spearing and has been charged with her murder. The 27-year-old was due to appear at Medway Magistrates' Court on Saturday.

केंट में एक व्यक्ति पर एक महिला की हत्या का आरोप लगाया गया है, जिसकी चाकू मारकर हत्या कर दी गई थी।


Liquidated firm to be prosecuted over Chippenham flat blast

Summary: A former company is facing health and safety charges after a gas explosion which left a man fighting for his life.

Kyle Roe suffered 87% burns to his body in the explosion at his flat in Chippenham on 18 October 2017. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) is to prosecute Prestige EA Ltd, now liquidated. It is charged with health and safety breaches, and is due before Salisbury Magistrates' Court on 16 December. Mr Roe was in an induced coma for seven weeks and has since undergone 13 skin grafts at a burns unit in Swansea.

एक पूर्व कंपनी को गैस विस्फोट के बाद स्वास्थ्य और सुरक्षा आरोपों का सामना करना पड़ रहा है, जिसमें एक व्यक्ति अपने जीवन के लिए लड़ रहा है।


Assault near De La Rue pub leaves man with severe injuries

Summary: A man was left with severe facial injuries after a violent assault outside the Thomas De La Rue pub.

The man was sent to a hospital in the UK for treatment due to the severity of his injuries. Guernsey Police said the incident took place on Sunday morning at about 02:20 GMT and a 28-year-old man was arrested at the time. Officers said he has since been released on police bail while their inquiries continue. Police are appealing for any CCTV covering the area and witnesses are asked to contact police on 01481 725111 or call Crimestoppers anonymously on 0800 555 111. Related Internet Links Guernsey Police

थॉमस डी ला रू पब के बाहर हिंसक हमले के बाद एक व्यक्ति के चेहरे पर गंभीर चोटें आईं।


Low wage employers in Scotland named and shamed

Summary: More than 20 Scottish employers who have failed to pay the national minimum wage have been "named and shamed".

The Department for Business Innovation and Skills (BIS) released the list which includes hair and beauty salons, shops and construction and engineering firms The arrears owed to staff has been calculated at more than £44,000. The minimum wage ranges from £3.30 to £7.20 per hour depending on age and status. Since the name and shame scheme was introduced in 2013, more than 400 employers have been listed, with total arrears of nearly £1.2m. Penalties handed out have passed the £500,000 mark The Scottish businesses on the list were:

20 से अधिक स्कॉटिश नियोक्ता जो राष्ट्रीय न्यूनतम मजदूरी का भुगतान करने में विफल रहे हैं, उन्हें "नामित और शर्मिंदा" किया गया है।


Opening date set for new A11 Elveden bypass

Summary: Part of the upgraded A11 will open on Monday, the Highways Agency has said.

The Elveden bypass was due to open by Easter but was delayed due to "driver safety". On Monday, one lane will open in each direction. A 40mph (64km/h) speed limit will be in place between Chalk Hall Farm and near to the Thetford roundabout. The bypass is part of a multimillion-pound development which is due to be completed by December.

राजमार्ग एजेंसी ने कहा है कि उन्नत ए11 का एक हिस्सा सोमवार को खुलेगा।


Opioid addiction and death mail-ordered to your door

Summary: Every day more than a million packages enter the US from abroad through the postal service. As state and federal governments crack down on legally prescribed opioid medication, addicts and dealers are looking to the dark web and the US mail as a new way to acquire increasingly potent - and deadly - drugs.

Anthony ZurcherNorth America reporter@awzurcheron Twitter Van Ingram's voice cracks as he describes the toll opioid drug abuse has exacted on his home state of Kentucky. "I go to bed thinking about those 1,400 people we lost in 2016 every night," he says. "Thinking about it every day when I get up. It's somebody's son, somebody's daughter, somebody's mother, somebody's father, somebody's sister, somebody's friend. The human toll is just unimaginable." Ingram has served as the executive director for the Kentucky Office of Drug Control Policy since 2004. Before that, he spent more than two decades as a police officer. He's witnessed first-hand the rise of the opioid drug problem in his state - considered "ground zero" for the epidemic. It started with doctors - some well-meaning, others operating "pill-mills" looking to turn a quick profit - prescribing opioid painkillers to their patients. Medication was offered a month's supply at a time for one-time injuries and chronic pain, often to treat years of working in physically arduous jobs - like those in manufacturing and the coal mines of the eastern part of the state. The kind of jobs that have been disappearing across the US in recent years. "If you overexpose a society or culture to cheap, plentiful food, you'll have an obesity epidemic," Ingram says. "If you overexpose a culture to opioids, you're going to have an opioid epidemic. And it wasn't just Kentucky that got overexposed. We just got overexposed first." An addiction crisis shifts Kentucky, and other states, eventually enacted legislation to address the problem. The pill mills were shut down. Doctors, who had been told by pharmaceutical companies that the medication they were offering was not addictive, began to realise the consequences of their actions and prescribe less often and for shorter periods. At that point, however, the damage was done. A population, sometimes whole communities, had become hooked and were now searching for a new way to get their fix. "The good news is we're prescribing fewer opioids in this state and in this country," Ingram says. "The bad news is there's always something to take its place." What came next was a stream of increasingly more potent drugs, causing overdose fatality numbers to spike in Kentucky and across the US. By last year, more Americans had died from opioids than in the Vietnam, Iraq and Afghanistan wars combined. More Americans die annually from the drugs than are killed in car accidents or firearm incidents. Of the 63,630 recorded drug overdose deaths in the US in 2016, 42,249 were from opioids. Increasingly, the agent of death is a drug called fentanyl - 50 to 100 times more powerful than doctor-prescribed morphine - which is manufactured predominantly in China and frequently enters in the US in small packages shipped through the postal system. Nationally, from 2014 to 2015, the number of fentanyl-related overdose deaths increased by 72%, to nearly 10,000. In 2016, that number had doubled, to 20,100. The 'iron law' "Emerging year-over-year figures and episodic outbreaks of fentanyl-related deaths paint a grim picture of an uncontained, plague-like contagion," write Professors Leo Beletsky and Corey Davis in a paper on the fentanyl crisis published last year in the International Journal of Drug Policy. In their report, they said that the transition to increasingly potent drugs from illicit - often foreign - sources was as inevitable as it was shocking. A similar pattern emerged when the US tried to ban the sale of alcohol during the Prohibition era of the 1920s. More on the US opioid crisis Inside Philadelphia's open-air heroin market Huntington: The heroin-ravaged city fighting back Five ways to tackle the opioid epidemic The 100 words that started the opioid crisis "Described as the 'iron law of Prohibition'," they write, "this phenomenon follows fundamental economic logic. Imposing substantial barriers and costs to the illicit drug supply chain creates direct pressure to minimise volume while maximising profit. More bulky products become more expensive relative to less bulky ones, incentivising increases in potency." With alcohol, that meant less beer and wine and more gin and moonshine. Contraband flooded across the Canadian border and through US ports. In the opioid era, the prescription pills of the early 2000s were replaced by heroin, fentanyl and carfentanil - a medication first used as an elephant tranquiliser that has 10,000 times the potency of morphine. Where heroin, an agricultural product derived from poppies, mostly entered the US across its southern border from Mexico, the new opioid drugs are most frequently manufactured in Chinese laboratories and, because of their potency, are much easier to transport through the international postal system. The purchasers are sometimes criminal cartels, which then distribute the drugs through a decentralised dealer network scattered across small towns and suburbs throughout the US. Last autumn police in Columbus, Ohio, seized more than 24lb (10kg) of fentanyl - an amount large enough to administer lethal doses to the state's entire population of 11.6 million. Other times, the purchasers are the users themselves, who order through the so-called "dark web" or from more easily located internet sites. "It actually gets delivered to your house," Ingram says. "The millions of parcels that are coming into this country every day, it's like a needle in a haystack." 'Fentanyl for sale' The number, to be precise, is 498 million packages in 2017, averaging 1.36 million a day. And, of that amount, only a fraction are screened by customs inspectors. About 64% - 318 million items - have no electronic data included with the shipment, making advanced, automated detection next to impossible. "The only way to tell trends and do investigations is if you have at least semi-reliable data coming from who the sender might be," says Juliette Kayyem, who served as assistant secretary of homeland security for intergovernmental affairs during the first two years of the Obama administration. "If you begin to put a security apparatus over something, the market will leave that gap." Last month, the US Senate Homeland Security committee released the results of a year-long investigation that outlined just how big the gaps presently are. Senate aides Googled "fentanyl for sale" and contacted six online sellers. They exchanged emails and were given information about how they could purchase fentanyl and newer opioid compounds - using cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and even PayPal, credit cards and prepaid gift cards. They were notified of "flash sales" and other special deals on their products. Further investigation revealed that those contacted sellers had completed at least 500 transactions with Americans in 43 states amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars. Seven individuals identified by the investigation who received shipments from one of the online companies later died of opioid overdoses. Obstacles foreign and domestic The Senate report detailed the numerous obstacles the government faces in trying catch the "needles in a haystack," as Ingram put it. First and foremost is the lack of what's termed "advanced electronic data" on incoming packages. Global postal mail is governed by a treaty called the Universal Postal Union (UPU), which requires the postal services of the 192 member-states to receive and deliver all items presented to them from their foreign counterparts. Gathering data - whether in written or electronic form - is the obligation of the local postal agency, which means the information the US post service and customs relies on to screen packages can be spotty and often contains errors or is total gibberish. The UPU, following recent negotiations, will require 80 nations to have electronic information on a portion of their packages by the end of 2020. Some countries - like China - are making significant progress, but the enforcement mechanisms are limited. "There is a difference between the technical ability to exchange data and the realised ability to collect and enter it for a significant part of the mail stream," Joseph Murphy, international postal policy unit chief at the US Department of State, said during testimony before the Homeland Security Committee in January. "Many post offices in parts of the developing world lack internet connectivity and reliable sources of electricity, which complicates collection and transmission of data for postal items they take in." In the end, there's still no guarantee that the contents detailed in any shipment are accurate, and when the volume is in the hundreds of millions annually, no system will be totally effective. In 2017, CBP seized 1,476lb of fentanyl - which was up from 544 the prior year but still a tiny portion of the estimated overall postal drug trade. Then there are the domestic bureaucratic challenges. A 2015 pilot inspection programme at New York's John F Kennedy Airport, one of five US entry points for international packages, was riddled with delays and missteps. Senate investigators found that the US Postal Service and US Customs and Border Protection - which provides actual screeners - were often less than effective at sharing information and locating items flagged for inspection. The two agencies, they noted, simply had different organisational missions. "The Postal Services' mission is the speedy processing and delivery of mail, while CBP's mission is to protect the US border and prevent illicit items from entering the United States," they wrote. A congressional proposal Congress is currently considering legislation, called the Synthetic Trafficking & Overdose Prevention (Stop) Act, that would require the US Postal Service to have advanced data on all international packages they allow into the US. Advocates for the bipartisan legislation, which has 29 co-sponsors in the US Senate, say the bill would simply impose the same obligations on the Postal Service as are on private companies like FedEx and UPS, which gather shipping information from the point of receipt. Critics counter that foreign nations won't be able to comply with the legislation, they could refuse outgoing US mail as a result, and the US Postal Service would face an uncompensated financial burden amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars annually to screen incoming packages. "The US Postal Service is deeply concerned about America's opioid crisis and is working aggressively with law enforcement and key trading partners to stem the flow of illegal drugs entering the United States," said Kimberly Frum of the US Postal Service in a statement to the BBC. "Unfortunately, the Stop Act does not recognise the relevant distinctions between commercial and postal operators, and also includes provisions that are not directly related to strengthening global security. According to Kayyem, who is currently a lecturer on international security at Harvard University, other nations may complain, but they will eventually come around if the US takes a strong stand. "What I've discovered being in this field for 20 years is the United States, for better or for worse, sets the floor for global security standards," she says. "We know that if we move, it's obviously going to require international co-operation. But if we don't move, this will never be addressed." Kayyem, who supports the legislation, acknowledges that it's only part of the solution, however. "I'm in the world of risk reduction, not risk solution," she says. "Things will probably still get through. But we can show we've closed a loophole and taken it seriously. It's a sentiment that, back in Kentucky, Ingram echoes. The opioid addiction problem isn't going away anytime soon. "This is a problem that's two decades in the making," he says. "There's no one programme, one fund or one policy shift that's going to turn this ship around overnight. We're in for a decades-long fight."

हर दिन दस लाख से अधिक पैकेज डाक सेवा के माध्यम से विदेशों से अमेरिका में प्रवेश करते हैं। जैसे-जैसे राज्य और संघीय सरकारें कानूनी रूप से निर्धारित ओपिओइड दवाओं पर नकेल कस रही हैं, नशेड़ी और विक्रेता तेजी से शक्तिशाली और घातक दवाओं को प्राप्त करने के लिए एक नए तरीके के रूप में डार्क वेब और अमेरिकी मेल की ओर देख रहे हैं।


Philip Lawrence: Remembering my murdered head teacher

Summary: On a cold December day 25 years ago, headmaster Philip Lawrence was stabbed outside his school in north-west London as he tried to protect one of his pupils who was being attacked by a gang. BBC Radio presenter Edward Adoo was a pupil at the time and has been speaking to his former classmates, teachers and Mr Lawrence's widow about what happened that day.

Philip Lawrence was a massive presence in my life. It was he who gave me my very first break in broadcasting when, against the advice of other teachers, he let me start a school radio station. Calling it a radio station might be stretching it a bit, as we basically just used to play songs off a cassette tape through the school public address system, but it meant the world to me and I really don't think I would be a broadcaster now if it weren't for him. I had moved to St George's Roman Catholic School in Maida Vale when I was 13 because I didn't like my previous school and I chose it mostly because my best mate Peter said it had a good vibe. It was there where I first encountered Mr Lawrence, a strict but approachable head who was utterly committed to his job, his staff and the kids in his school. My old religious education teacher Ed Conway had been at the school for a couple of years when Mr Lawrence joined the staff and witnessed the immediate impact he had. "It was a tough school... When I started there in 1990, the exam results were 4% five A-Cs, so it was an incredibly poor-performing school. "He immediately made lots of changes in terms of the curriculum, in terms of putting emphasis on teaching and learning. He really got to grips with the climate and culture of the school, so discipline was a significant issue before Philip arrived and he really did get to work on that. "He was also quite quirky. I'd never seen anybody in St George's wear a bow tie before." I remember Mr Lawrence's quirkiness. You would see him walking around the school with his flamboyant bow ties and hair, and there were times when I recall hearing these Gregorian chants being played over the public address system. "I thought he was a character," Suja Thomas, who was a fellow pupil, explains. "The first time I saw him was in the library and he had his bow tie on. He seemed really approachable and friendly but quite tough and just seemed like a good presence in the school." Security and pupil safety was a key part of Mr Lawrence's school policy and at the end of each day he was always outside the gates making sure everybody left safely. But it was this concern for his pupils that ultimately cost him his life. On 8 December 1995, Mr Lawrence was stabbed in the heart as he tried to intervene in a fight between a 13-year-old from St George's and a gang of teenage youths. Suja Thomas had just been leaving for the day when it happened. "As we got out of the gate, we saw a lot of kids coming towards us and that was really unusual. And we saw our friend and he was holding Mr Lawrence, and Mr Lawrence was staggering, he had blood on his whole shirt," she said. The 48-year-old headteacher made it back into the building where paramedics performed open heart surgery on him but he died later in hospital. The killing made headlines and led to a new law banning the sale of knives to anyone under 16. It also had a massive effect on everyone at the school. "There was a lot of shock around," Toni Barsby, who was another St George's student, said. "You all of a sudden realised that your little bubble can be burst with things that happen and the world isn't such a nice place. "And I remember that's where you started being a bit more fearful of things. All of a sudden you're not invincible." For Mr Lawrence's widow Frances, the events that day have been "like a continuously scrolling film". "I remember every detail. I remember being snuggled up with my two youngest children talking about Christmas and then there was the doorbell, the police standing there, sirens, and the race through rush hour traffic to the hospital." She describes her husband as a "charismatic, unconventional, fiercely intelligent [and] gentle" man who "absolutely loved being at St George's". "Twenty-five years ago with one brutal act, my life and our children's lives were decimated," she said. But she added: "However desolate I feel, however much I may harangue the gods, as it were, how can I wish on that cold December day that Philip had stood back in the shadows? "I can't wish that, because that person would not have been Philip." Death of a Headmaster is a documentary about Philip Lawrence that explores the legacy of his death 25 years on. It will be broadcast on BBC Radio 4 at 20:00 GMT on 8 December, or you can listen back to it online or on BBC Sounds.

25 साल पहले दिसंबर के एक ठंडे दिन, हेडमास्टर फिलिप लॉरेंस को उत्तर-पश्चिम लंदन में उनके स्कूल के बाहर चाकू मार दिया गया था, जब उन्होंने अपने एक छात्र को बचाने की कोशिश की थी, जिस पर एक गिरोह द्वारा हमला किया जा रहा था। बीबीसी रेडियो प्रस्तुतकर्ता एडवर्ड एडू उस समय एक छात्र थे और अपने पूर्व सहपाठियों, शिक्षकों और श्री लॉरेंस की विधवा से बात कर रहे थे कि उस दिन क्या हुआ था।


Azra Kemal: Woman falls to death after car catches fire

Summary: A woman whose car caught fire fell to her death from a bridge while searching for help, police have said.

Azra Kemal, 24, from London, was found on land below the A21 dual carriageway near Tonbridge, Kent, at about 02:45 BST on Thursday. A 31-year-old man, also from London, was arrested but has since been released without charge. Kent Police has appealed for witnesses and said it was preparing a file for the coroner.

पुलिस ने कहा है कि एक महिला जिसकी कार में आग लग गई थी, उसकी मदद की तलाश में पुल से गिरकर मौत हो गई।


Gromit exhibition opening hours extended due to demand

Summary: An exhibition of 80 Gromit statues that made up an arts trail in and around Bristol will open for an extra day due to popular demand.

Due to close on Sunday, the statues will now remain on show until Monday in the former Habitat store on Queens Road. People will also now be able to visit from 8:00 to 20:00 BST on Saturday. Spokeswoman Nicola Masters said: "We have been delighted and overwhelmed by the response from the public." More than 3,500 people visited the exhibition when it opened on Wednesday. The statues will be auctioned on 3 October to raise money for Bristol's Children's Hospital and visitors to the exhibition will have the opportunity to place a sealed bid prior to the auction.

ब्रिस्टल और उसके आसपास की 80 ग्रोमिट मूर्तियों की एक प्रदर्शनी लोकप्रिय मांग के कारण एक अतिरिक्त दिन के लिए खोली जाएगी।


Inflatable puffer fish pill 'could track patient's health'

Summary: Scientists say they have designed a jelly-like pill that inflates to the size of a ping-pong ball when it reaches the stomach, and could be used to monitor tumours or ulcers.

The soft, squishy device was inspired by the puffer fish, which inflates quickly like a balloon when threatened. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology team behind the pill says it can last for a month. The pill has been tested in pigs but not yet in humans. The pill is made from two types of hydrogels - an inner layer of absorbent particles and an outer protective membrane. This gives it the consistency of jelly, helping it to expand quickly in the stomach and therefore stopping it from passing out the other end. Soft and strong The inflated pill could be removed at any time by drinking a solution of calcium that makes it quickly shrink to its original size, the scientists claim. It can then pass safely out of the body. In the lab, researchers put the pill in solutions of water resembling gastric stomach juices and found it inflated to 100 times its original size in 15 minutes. But they also found it was strong enough to survive regular contractions in the stomach. The researchers say the pill is softer and lasts longer than current alternatives, which are often made of hard plastic or metal. When temperature sensors inside pills were fed to pigs - which have very similar stomachs and intestines to humans - the team was able to track the animals' daily activities for up to 30 days. "The dream is to have a smart pill, that once swallowed stays in the stomach and monitors the patient's health for a long time, such as a month," says Xuanhe Zhao, associate professor of mechanical engineering at MIT. Tracking tumours The researchers, whose work is reported in the journal Nature Communications, envisage putting various different sensors inside the puffer pills and delivering them to the stomach. These sensors could monitor signs of bacteria and viruses. In the long term, with tiny cameras inside them, the pills might also be used to check the progress of tumours or ulcers over several weeks, the research team said. And Prof Zhao said the pill could potentially be used as an alternative to the gastric balloon, which is inserted into the stomach to encourage weight loss.

वैज्ञानिकों का कहना है कि उन्होंने एक जेली जैसी गोली तैयार की है जो पेट तक पहुंचने पर पिंग-पोंग गेंद के आकार तक फूल जाती है, और इसका उपयोग ट्यूमर या अल्सर की निगरानी के लिए किया जा सकता है।


Honey bee life cycle filmed in the Ceiriog Valley

Summary: The life cycle of a honey bee has been captured on film by a beekeeper in north Wales over the course of a year and is being shown to schoolchildren.

The film made in the Ceiriog Valley aims to spread the message about their importance in pollinating plants. Beekeeper Kirsty Williams, who has 50 hives and has been producing honey for 30 years, premiered the film to pupils at her village school, Ysgol Pontfadog. Her free DVD has been sent to 150 primary schools across the region. She received funding from economic development company Menter a Busnes as part of its Bee Co-operation Project to promote beekeeping and bee habitats in north Wales following their decline.

उत्तरी वेल्स में एक मधुमक्खी पालक द्वारा एक साल के दौरान एक मधुमक्खी के जीवन चक्र को फिल्म में कैद किया गया है और इसे स्कूली बच्चों को दिखाया जा रहा है।


Power company EDF takes Torness reactor offline

Summary: One of the two nuclear reactors at the Torness power station in East Lothian has stopped generating electricity.

The plant's operator, EDF Energy, said the decision to halt the energy production was unplanned but insisted there was no cause for concern. Routine maintenance work was due to begin on reactor two this weekend. The company said that the work could now begin earlier than planned. It has yet to release information about why the reactor came offline on Sunday.

ईस्ट लोथियन में टॉर्नेस पावर स्टेशन के दो परमाणु रिएक्टरों में से एक ने बिजली पैदा करना बंद कर दिया है।


Number of PSNI recruits reduced following £60m cut in police budget

Summary: Chief Constable George Hamilton has confirmed that a budget cut of around £60m will mean a reduction in the recruitment of new police officers.

The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) will now recruit 270 fewer than initially planned. They will now recruit 100 officers. The service has already closed more than 300 temporary agency posts. Mr Hamilton said cuts to the PSNI budget would "fundamentally change how and where policing is delivered".

मुख्य सिपाही जॉर्ज हैमिल्टन ने पुष्टि की है कि लगभग 60 मिलियन पाउंड की बजट कटौती का मतलब नए पुलिस अधिकारियों की भर्ती में कमी होगी।


Ythan Estuary seal cull application withdrawn

Summary: A fishing firm which was planning to cull seals at a prominent Aberdeenshire colony has withdrawn its application.

The Montrose-based Scottish Wild Salmon Company had asked Marine Scotland for permission to shoot seals on the Ythan Estuary. The company plans to install nets around the foreshore and lower estuary to catch the salmon as they enter and leave the river. However, the area is home to hundreds of common and grey seals. The seals, which bask on the sand bank, are a popular tourist attraction. The company had applied for a licence to control the seals, but said on Tuesday night that it had withdrawn that request.

एक मछली पकड़ने वाली कंपनी जो एक प्रमुख एबरडीनशायर कॉलोनी में मुहरों को हटाने की योजना बना रही थी, ने अपना आवेदन वापस ले लिया है।


Coventry Cathedral theft: Search for men after window broken

Summary: Police have released CCTV film of thieves who smashed a "priceless and irreplaceable" window while breaking into Coventry Cathedral.

The two men then stole a charity collection box on 23 January. The smashed glass etching was one of 66 designs by the late artist John Hutton which make up the main entrance elevation, known as the West Screen. PC Rob Morris of West Midlands Police said their "despicable" actions had caused "outrage in the community". The pair emptied the charity box outside the building before leaving in a Nissan Almera at about 23:10 GMT. Follow BBC West Midlands on Facebook, on Twitter, and sign up for local news updates direct to your phone.

पुलिस ने उन चोरों की सीसीटीवी फिल्म जारी की है जिन्होंने कोवेंट्री कैथेड्रल में घुसते समय एक "अमूल्य और अपरिवर्तनीय" खिड़की को तोड़ दिया था।


Cults Academy: Chest injury caused Bailey Gwynne death

Summary: A teenager who was stabbed at an Aberdeen school died of an injury to his chest, his death certificate has revealed.

Bailey Gwynne, 16, was fatally injured during an incident at Cults Academy in Aberdeen on 28 October. The time of death was recorded as 15:20 in Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, about two hours after the alarm was first raised. A 16-year-old boy, who cannot be named for legal reasons, has been charged with murder. The accused, who was remanded after appearing in private at Aberdeen Sheriff Court, is also charged with having a blade or point on school premises. A private funeral is to be held for Bailey.

एबरडीन स्कूल में चाकू मारे गए एक किशोर की छाती में चोट लगने से मौत हो गई, उसके मृत्यु प्रमाण पत्र से पता चला है।


London fire: The volunteers who flocked from near and far to help

Summary: People have flocked from near and far to help at the site of the Grenfell Tower fire, with the volunteer effort organised by faith groups, social media and word of mouth. The BBC's Nalina Eggert spoke to some of the helpers.

In North Kensington, it is clear the response from ordinary people to the disaster has been overwhelming. Boxes are piled up outside community centres and handwritten signs hang on fences offering help. Among the police, NHS workers and community leaders on the streets are people who have given up their time to help. Here are some of the volunteers' stories. Reece Lusmore, from Gloucestershire "I came down for the day to help out my friend and his mum, they've been down before. "I've been here for four hours, handing out water, soft drinks and fruit . "I had a bit of time off and decided to come down and help, keep people hydrated and keep the spirits up. "What went on left me feeling a bit sick. I needed to help out. "I came down not knowing what I'd be doing and how I'd be helping but became one of many hands." Simone Bryan, from south-east London "What motivated me? Humanity. "When they said no more donations, I thought I'm going to come down myself and help. I couldn't just sit and watch the news. "I've been sorting things out at a church. They don't have storage space. They're turning donations away because there's no space. "Personally I think it needs to be organised by somebody. "I want to keep helping later on - in a month, when people have their replacement accommodation." Raabia Akhter, Shabnum Sadiq and Ammna Ahmed, from Slough Raabia, Shabnum and Ammna filled a van with shower gel, shampoo, nappies and sanitary towels through donations from people in Slough, and distributed the supplies to community centres in the area near the tower block. They organised it through Whatsapp and local schools, and contacted the recipients in advance, which is how they could keep making donations when most places had asked for no more items. "We have been inundated," said Shabnum. "We're hoping to come back next week and again after people get homes."

धार्मिक समूहों, सोशल मीडिया और मौखिक रूप से आयोजित स्वयंसेवी प्रयासों के साथ, ग्रेनफेल टावर में लगी आग की जगह पर मदद करने के लिए पास और दूर से लोग उमड़ पड़े हैं। बीबीसी की नलिना एगर्ट ने कुछ सहायकों से बात की।


Microsoft profits fall 22% ahead of Windows 8 launch

Summary: Microsoft has reported a 22% fall in quarterly profits, after deferring some revenue ahead of the upcoming releases of its Windows 8 operating system and its latest version of Office.

Net profit for the three months to September fell to $4.47bn (£2.79bn), from $5.74bn a year earlier, and missed expectations. Total revenues fell 8% to $16bn. PC sales fell as consumers either put off new purchases in a tight economy or opted for tablet devices instead. Microsoft deferred a total of $1.36bn of revenue, which it will regain in the following quarter. This included $783m in licence fees for PCs pre-loaded with Windows 8, because it cannot recognise the revenue until the units go on sale on 26 October. It also deferred $384m for PCs that shipped with Windows 7 but are eligible for a $15 upgrade to Windows 8, and $189m for PCs that shipped with the new version of Office or are eligible for an upgrade. Microsoft shares fell 3% in extended trading.

माइक्रोसॉफ्ट ने अपने विंडोज 8 ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम और ऑफिस के अपने नवीनतम संस्करण की आगामी रिलीज़ से पहले कुछ राजस्व को स्थगित करने के बाद तिमाही लाभ में 22 प्रतिशत की गिरावट दर्ज की है।


UK QE has failed, says quantitative easing inventor

Summary: When the UK embarked on quantitative easing (QE) in March 2009, in the aftermath of the Lehman Brothers collapse, the Bank of England was expected to administer a monetary stimulus equal to £50bn, writes Liam Halligan.

Over the past four years, such "extraordinary measures" have extended somewhat more, with the Bank's bond-buying programme now amounting to £375bn - almost eight times the original estimate. Since the financial crisis began, the Bank of England's balance sheet has expanded four-fold. But where did the phrase "quantitative easing" come from? Arguably among the most controversial economic policies of recent years, QE is surely the most unpronounceable. Not many Western analysts are aware that this tongue-challenging name originated in Japan, the modern-day spiritual home of money-printing. Even fewer know that the man who coined the phrase comes from Germany - which, of all the big Western economies, has probably the most deep-seated aversion to printing money. In the mid-1990s, Prof Richard Werner, a German academic fluent in Japanese, was working as an economist in Tokyo. Japan's real estate bubble had burst and property and share prices were tumbling. The country was locked in a debate about the use of unconventional monetary policy to support asset prices and boost broader commercial activity. Prof Werner submitted an article to Nikkei, a leading business newspaper, advocating a new type of radical monetary measure. Rather than attempting to shift interest rates, he argued that the country's central bank, the Bank of Japan should instead intervene directly to influence the size of the money supply by taking steps to encourage commercial banks to extend more credit. "I was promoting a policy that involved more credit creation, rather than changing the price of money," says Prof Werner. "So when I wrote my article, and after the newspaper's editors insisted on a phrase readers would understand, I added the Japanese adjective for quantity to the standard expression for monetary stimulation. 'Quantitative easing' was the literal translation back into English of these two Japanese words." Prof Werner's article was widely noticed. Several years later, in fact, the Bank of Japan decided to implement extreme monetary measures and adopted the Japanese name the German economist had coined. "In 2001, the Japanese central bank said, 'Now we're actually doing this'," he recalls. "To communicate this to global markets, they had to give the policy a name in English. I suppose the translators had a bad day, or were under time pressure. Normally, you'd try to come up with something slightly more fluent than 'quantitative easing', but they did only a literal translation." While the Bank of Japan adopted the precise name of Prof Werner's policy, it was somewhat less accurate when interpreting his actual proposal. Incredibly, the Japanese version of QE that was eventually implemented was a policy Prof Werner had specifically ruled-out. Prof Werner's argument was that, because more than 95% of the money supply in a modern economy is derived not from cash or reserves, but from private bank lending, it is essential to get banks to lend. So he urged the Japanese government to enter into private long-term agreements to borrow from commercial banks, instead of issuing government debt. The Bank of Japan's version of QE, in contrast, involved creating money out of nothing at the central bank. "That's absolutely not what my policy was about," says Prof Werner. "In my original article, I specifically argued against either lowering interest rates or expanding central bank reserves. That was my whole point - traditional solutions weren't going to work. Actually, it was a bit upsetting." Then, in an additional twist, the Bank of England also later adopted Prof Werner's QE label - but, again, to describe a policy with which he didn't agree. "It was one thing when the Bank of Japan did it, because that was over in Japan and was some time ago," he says. "But once the Bank of England also started using the phrase, I thought 'Hang on - I've got to speak up and make clear that the original definition is quite different.'" Quantitative Easing: Step by step The Bank of England's interpretation of QE also involves the creation of central bank credits, as in Japan. But in the UK these have been used to buy government bonds from commercial banks rather than from the government directly. Prof Werner says this is "a little better" than Japanese QE, as it "at least in theory increases commercial banks' reserves". He maintains, though, that the "best way to boost the economy is to increase bank credit", and that can only be guaranteed by governments borrowing from banks directly. "That creates new credit," says Prof Werner. "The money supply then expands, transactions increase, there's more demand, more employment, more tax revenues and suddenly you have a virtuous circle." 'Household name' In both Japan and the UK, QE isn't working, he says, because it doesn't focus on "the most important part of the money supply", which is bank lending. "UK QE has singularly failed, as bank credit is still shrinking." When faced with the claim used by some British banks that the demand for credit is low, Prof Werner is dismissive. "I'm quite used to this argument, because banks in Japan used it for 20 years," he says. "The banks, of course, have become very risk-averse, as they have many non-performing assets." Prof Werner is also critical of the UK's concentrated banking structure - which he argues has made the economy more vulnerable. "British banking is dominated by a small number of big banks - with just five banks controlling 90% of deposits," he says. "Big banks want to lend to big firms and do big deals that give big bonuses. Small firms are too much hassle, and the banks are absolutely not interested - even though small firms need the credit and account for 70% of UK employment. So these small firms are credit-rationed and that's a problem." "In Germany, 70% of deposits are held by 2,000 banks," says Prof Werner. "These local German banks lend a lot more to small- and medium-sized firms, and when the credit crunch happened most of them were fine." When it comes to QE, although his policy recommendations have been misinterpreted in Japan, the UK and elsewhere, Prof Werner maintains his natural sense of humour about giving the world a phrase that's so challenging to say. "It's become a household name anyway and I should get some kind of fee, some royalties, for that," he says with a smile.

लियाम हालिगन लिखते हैं कि जब ब्रिटेन ने मार्च 2009 में लेहमैन ब्रदर्स के पतन के बाद मात्रात्मक सहजता (क्यूई) की शुरुआत की, तो बैंक ऑफ इंग्लैंड से 50 अरब पाउंड के बराबर मौद्रिक प्रोत्साहन देने की उम्मीद थी।


Cambridge cow rescued from River Cam at common

Summary: About 10 firefighters were involved in an operation to rescue a cow stranded in a city's river.

The animal was found in the River Cam at Midsummer Common, Cambridge at about 09:00 BST. It look three crews about an hour to attach harnesses to the cow, lift it from the water then return it to its herd. Earlier this month Cambridgeshire Fire Service winched a calf out of deep mud at a river bank in Thorney. Related Internet Links Cambridgeshire Fire and Rescue Service

शहर की एक नदी में फंसी गाय को बचाने के लिए लगभग 10 अग्निशामकों को तैनात किया गया था।


Has decoding the genome lived up to hype?

Summary: When scientists first decoded the human genome there was much excitement. But in this week's Scrubbing Up, scientist Dr Caroline Wright says that progress has not been as significant as might have been hoped a decade ago.

VIEWPOINT: By Dr Caroline WrightHead of Science, Population Health and Genomics (PHG) Foundation In 2000, an international press briefing with Bill Clinton and Tony Blair announced the completion of the first draft sequence of the human genome. It promised to revolutionise medicine, offering new genetic tests and better treatments. Now, 10 years on, it's time to take stock of where we are at and perhaps admit that progress has not been as rapid as we may have wished for. Scientists have made enormous advances in understanding genetic variation and its role in disease. They have identified hundreds of genetic variants linked to common diseases. But this research has served to highlight how complex the human genome actually is. Taking time Like all things in medicine, it takes time for something discovered in a lab to then be used in clinical practice. Currently the benefits to patients from studies of the genetic basis of common diseases are very limited. But by comparing differences found - and in particular, differences between large groups of people with a particular disease and groups of healthy individuals - scientists are now able to investigate the genetic basis of common diseases. They have been able to uncover a treasure trove of hitherto unknown links between specific genetic variants and diseases such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Does this mean that we will soon see genetic tests that tell us whether we will get type 2 diabetes or whether we face heart problems later in life? Probably not. But that doesn't mean these genetic studies won't eventually help improve our health and reduce disease. For some inherited disorders such as Huntington's disease and cystic fibrosis, where a change in just a single gene causes a potentially devastating condition, highly predictive genetic tests already available. But scientists are now finding that most common diseases are far more complex. Exceptions Most diseases are not caused by one gene alone - there is no 'obesity gene' or 'heart disease gene' - but by the interaction of lots of genetic and environmental factors. By analysing which genetic variants an individual possesses and combining their expected effects it is possible to calculate if a person is more or less likely to get a particular disease than the rest of the population. This could allow us to divide the general population into risk categories, in order to better target monitoring and preventative strategies, such as screening for breast and bowel cancer, to those at greatest risk. Unfortunately, because the individual risks associated are generally very small, and the genetic variations are very common, for most diseases this means we are unlikely to be able to predict the likelihood of developing disease in individual patients. However, there are a few noteworthy exceptions - for example, age-related macular degeneration - where the genetic risks explain a substantial proportion of the disease and which , when combined with other non-genetic factors, might be able to accurately identify individuals who will develop the disease in future. Although specialised genetics services already exist throughout the NHS for managing inherited diseases, in the not-so-distant future we may all be able to get our full genomes sequenced, as costs continue to plummet. This offers potentially even greater benefits to human health, such as identifying rare genetic changes that cause inherited disease and personalising cancer treatments. However, it also poses difficult ethical questions and will have a major impact on the NHS in terms of the way clinical services are developed, organised and delivered. So what will this cost the NHS? Integrating new technologies into clinical practice inevitably costs money but this may be offset by efficiency savings and more effective, personalised therapies. However, these changes are still some way off, and predicting their economic impact is difficult until we know what benefits they offer patients. Perhaps the most important contribution of genetics for most people still lies in the future. By improving our understanding of genes and how they cause disease, these studies open the way to better treatments by identifying a plethora of new drug targets.

जब वैज्ञानिकों ने पहली बार मानव जीनोम को डिकोड किया तो बहुत उत्साह था। लेकिन इस सप्ताह के स्क्रबिंग अप में, वैज्ञानिक डॉ कैरोलिन राइट का कहना है कि प्रगति उतनी महत्वपूर्ण नहीं रही है जितनी एक दशक पहले उम्मीद की गई थी।


National Poultry Weekend cancelled over avian flu fears

Summary: A poultry event in Pembrokeshire has been cancelled due to concerns over avian flu.

Dyfed Poultry Society said the annual Welsh National Poultry Weekend, due to run on 14-15 January in Haverfordwest, would not go ahead. It comes after a wetland centre in Llanelli was temporarily shut following the finding of an infected duck. Society chairman Alan Ralphs said the announcement was made with "real disappointment".

एवियन फ्लू को लेकर चिंताओं के कारण पेम्ब्रोकेशायर में एक मुर्गी पालन कार्यक्रम को रद्द कर दिया गया है।


How Dylan Thomas's writing shed inspired Roald Dahl

Summary: Both are world-famous authors who wrote some of their best known works in their sheds. But, as Roald Dahl's centenary is celebrated across the country, his widow reveals how heavily the children's author was influenced by Dylan Thomas's hut when building his own.

By Lucy BallingerBBC News They are two writers famous for completely different types of writing. Roald Dahl is celebrated for his imaginative children's stories, and Dylan Thomas for his poetry. But it was Thomas who Dahl turned to for inspiration when he struggled to sit down and write in his house. As a father of young children and with a bustling home, Cardiff-born Dahl initially found it hard to shut himself off and write. Finding too many distractions in his house, he remembered fellow Welshman Dylan Thomas, who he called "the greatest poet of our time", had found a peaceful shed to write in close to home. Thomas wrote works such as Under Milk Wood, Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night, Over Sir John's Hill and Poem on His Birthday inside his hut. The writing shed was a former garage teetering on the edge of a cliff, with a view of the hills, the town of Laugharne and the Taf estuary below. Dahl travelled to visit Thomas's hut in Carmarthenshire in the 1950s and, peering through the window, decided to make a replica of it to write in. "My little nest" Surrounded by pictures (1), inspirational quotes and photos of family and friends (2), Dahl sat in a wing-back chair, which used to be his mother's, with a hole cut in it to relieve the pressure on an abscess he developed in his back (3). While writing, he rested his legs on a battered suitcase, covering them with a sleeping bag when they got cold (4). The writer used a cardboard tube with a piece of wood propped on top to work at, writing purely with pencils on yellow paper (8). He had a rubbish bin on one side for rejected pages (7), and a filing cabinet and books on the other (5). His desk was a place for mementoes to inspire him, with objects such as the hip bone he kept after a hip replacement, and a ball made out of silver foil chocolate wrappers (9). Although Dahl based the design of his hut on Thomas's shed, there was one major difference - the lack of natural light. He often kept his curtains drawn (10) to block out the outside world and was dependant on an angle-poise lamp (6) for light. Dahl's widow Felicity said: "He realised he had to have a space of his own in the garden away from the children and the noise and the general domesticity and he remembered that Dylan had felt the same. "And so he went down to Wales to look at Dylan's writing hut and, like everybody, fell in love with it." Built to the same proportions, with the same angled roof - the similarities could be a coincidence. But according to his widow it was built in a similar design by Dahl's builder friend Wally Saunders, who the BFG was based on. "He built it exactly to the same proportions as Dylan's hut, the same roof, one skin of brick," said Mrs Dahl. "Of course Dylan's hut was a garage originally, whereas Roald had nothing, it was an empty space that he built on." "My word-splashed hut" While Dahl wrote in semi-darkness, Thomas had large windows (10) to take in the beautiful view from his writing shed perched on stilts on the cliff above the boathouse, where he lived in Laugharne. Built as a garage by a previous owner, the poet filled his "word-splashed hut" with curled pictures of Byron, Walt Whitman, Louis MacNeice, WH Auden (1 and 2) as well as lists of alliterative words beside his pencil pot (8). He sat on a simple chair (3) writing on paper (4), while throwing rejected pages onto the floor (5). Like Dahl, he kept books on hand (6), mementoes to inspire him (9) and he also kept a supply of boiled sweets on his desk (7). Mrs Dahl visited Thomas's hut recently. She said: "It was so similar to Roald's hut. Everything was very simple, and Roald was like that, he didn't want rich yachts, he wanted a simple life, he was a countryman, again, like Dylan." Dahl wrote many of his books in the hut in the garden of his home Gipsy House in Great Missenden, Buckinghamshire, which was recently moved to the nearby Roald Dahl Story Museum at a cost of £500,000. Describing his writing shed on BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs programme in 1979, Dahl described the haven he had created. He said: "A little hut, curtains drawn so I don't see the squirrels up in the apple trees in the orchard. The light on, right away from the house, no vacuum cleaners, nothing." He added: "When I am in this place it is my little nest. My womb."

दोनों विश्व प्रसिद्ध लेखक हैं जिन्होंने अपने कुछ सबसे प्रसिद्ध कार्यों को अपने शेड में लिखा है। लेकिन, जैसा कि रोआल्ड डाहल की शताब्दी पूरे देश में मनाई जाती है, उनकी विधवा बताती है कि बच्चों के लेखक डायलन थॉमस की झोपड़ी से कितना प्रभावित थे जब उन्होंने अपना खुद का निर्माण किया था।


Liverpool murder: Nottingham man charged over Hassan Haadi's death

Summary: A man has been charged with murder two weeks after another man was found unconscious in a Liverpool street.

Hassan Haadi, 22, died from “serious head injuries” on Sunday after being discovered on Shaw Street in the Everton area of the city on 21 March. Elvis Duruaku, of Barker Avenue North in Sandiacre, Nottingham appeared at Liverpool Magistrates Court. The 24-year-old was remanded in custody to appear at Liverpool Crown Court on 14 May.

लिवरपूल की सड़क पर एक अन्य व्यक्ति के बेहोश पाए जाने के दो सप्ताह बाद एक व्यक्ति पर हत्या का आरोप लगाया गया है।


Where next for global interest rates?

Summary: Next week the US Federal Reserve's Open Markets Committee will meet and decide whether or not tor raise interest rates. It's a tricky choice and that will have global consequences and today the World Bank became the latest organisation to call upon to the delay . The World Bank it seems, like the IMF, fears the impact on emerging economies of a rise in US borrowing costs.

Duncan WeldonNewsnight economics correspondent@Duncanweldonon Twitter While the odds of a hike next week (at least judging by market expectations) have diminished, a rate rise is seen as highly likely in the coming six months. That will be a big moment for the global economy and a moment that can only really be understood by stepping back and looking at the bigger, longer term picture. For all the attention on short-term rates (as set by the Fed) what really matters is longer term borrowing costs and, across the developed world, they are at (or very near) historical lows. And while these rates are affected by short-term central bank policies, they aren't entirely controlled by them. The bigger question isn't "will the Fed go in September, December or the early 2016?" but "will long-term borrowing costs remain so low?" The background is a 35-year bull market for government bonds across the West which has seen their value rise to record highs and the yield (or interest rate on them) fall to record lows. The yield on a bond moves inversely to the price - high bond prices mean low borrowing costs and vice versa. To work out if low longer-term interest rates are here to say, one has to work out why they are so low. And that's a matter of real debate among macroeconomists. The five theories below all explain the current level of rates but offer a different prognosis of where they'll head next. Five Theories Former US Treasury Secretary Larry Summers believes the developed economies are afflicted by what he calls "secular stagnation". A chronic excess level of desired (economy-wide) saving over investment has depressed interest rates. Summers's believes that the real (after inflation is accounted for) rate of interest required to generate full employment is now negative and at a time when inflation is low, central banks can't cut short term interest rates enough to generate the real rates required. This is the issue of the so-called "zero lower bound", the idea that because interest rates (in normal times) can't be cut below zero then there comes a point at which they become ineffective - the economy requires lower rates but central banks can't cut them anymore. The "zero bound" problem Why use negative interest rates? For Summers, secular stagnation is a long-running trend and long-term interest rates rare likely to remain low. For former Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke the issue is a global savings glut. Countries like China and Middle Eastern oil producers in the 1990s and 2000s and Germany today have got "excess" savings, These savings have been following to the US (and other advanced economies like the UK) holding interest rates down and strengthening currencies like the dollar. For Bernanke low long-term rates in the West are at least partially driven by an imbalance in the structure of the world economy. If that imbalance faded, interest rates would rise. Nobel prize winner Paul Krugman's theory combines elements of Bernanke and Summers's own theories. He worries that poor demographics, soggy economic domestic demand and very low inflation in the Eurozone have led to a form of "secular stagnation" there. But Europe's policy response, an attempt to grow by through exports, in effect exports that economic malaise to other countries. A weak Euro boosts European exports but lowers inflation elsewhere and sucks up economic demand that might otherwise be met by domestic production in the US or UK. China's slowdown just adds to these concerns and for Krugman low rates are likely to persistent. Former IMF Chief Economist Ken Rogoff has a more straightforward explanation for low long-term rates: an overhang of debt from what he calls a debt supercycle. After binging on debt in the 1990s and 2000s, advanced economies are now feeling the after-effects. Until such a time as debt levels (both public and private) relative to income have been reduced (a process known as deleveraging), then growth rates - and interest rates - will remain lower than was historically the case. Of course, for Rogoff there will be an end point, rates will rise as the debt burden is reduced. Finally, it's worth considering the competing theory of asset manager Toby Nangle. For him the falling interest rates of the last 30 years were driven by the impact of globalisation. The world supply of labour available to Western firms soared as China's economy opened up, driving down Western wages and inflation and encouraging firms to use more workers and less capital. That relative fall in demand for capital helped push down rates. Nangle, though, warns that based on Chinese demographics, this trend may be nearing its end. The world's glut of workers may soon be over. Where next? Stepping back from the theorising, three factors have underpinned record low longer term rates. A belief that short-term interest rates will remain low (longer term borrowing costs being partly a function of short-term borrowing costs), a belief that inflation will remain low (which suggests lower nominal interest rates) and a collapse in what is known as the "term premium" (the extra yield investors demand for having their money locked up for longer). If anyone of these factors starts to change, longer term rates could start to rise. For all the fretting about the timing of a US rate rise, it's the bigger picture of longer term borrowing costs that will have an impact on the global economy. Throughout my entire life time long-term interest rates have basically been falling. If that trend stops, it would have a much more profound impact than a 0.25% rise in short-term US borrowing costs.

अगले सप्ताह अमेरिकी फेडरल रिजर्व की मुक्त बाजार समिति की बैठक होगी और यह तय करेगी कि ब्याज दरें बढ़ाई जाएं या नहीं। यह एक मुश्किल विकल्प है और इसके वैश्विक परिणाम होंगे और आज विश्व बैंक देरी का आह्वान करने वाला नवीनतम संगठन बन गया है। ऐसा लगता है कि विश्व बैंक, आईएमएफ की तरह, अमेरिकी उधार लागत में वृद्धि के उभरती अर्थव्यवस्थाओं पर प्रभाव से डरता है।


St Patrick's Day sees global landmarks go green

Summary: This weekend will see more than 400 landmarks in more than 50 countries go green for St Patrick.

The annual Global Greening initiative by Tourism Ireland started in 2010 and topping this year's new additions list is the Burj Khalifa in Dubai -the world's tallest building. Victoria Falls in southern Africa and Lord's cricket ground in London are also among the 2019 newbies.

इस सप्ताहांत में 50 से अधिक देशों में 400 से अधिक स्थल सेंट पैट्रिक के लिए हरे रंग के होंगे।