Ladies first: Inside the first women-only game jam

Summary: At first glance, it was a game jam like any other.

By Zoe KleinmanTechnology reporter, BBC News Teams of developers, programmers and artists who had never met before, hunched over laptops, racing against the clock to create computer games from scratch in 24 hours. With just four hours to go, thoughts about coding and graphics were frantically being exchanged over bowls of popcorn and strong coffee. The only difference was that all the participants were women - and for that reason organisers Debbie Rawlings and Helen Kennedy believe the XX Game Jam held in east London at the end of October was the first of its kind in the UK. "The whole idea of an all-female game jam is something I discussed a while ago," said Helen Kennedy, a founding member of a group called Women in Games. "I took the idea out and pitched it for funding and they told me it couldn't be done, the whole format of a game jam was somehow too masculine to be done with just women. I thought that was a rather challenging thing to say as I don't believe in those sorts of categorisations." Global demand The pair certainly had no problem finding recruits for this event, held in the offices of Mind Candy, creators of Moshi Monsters. "Within eight days of the registration going live we had filled 40 spaces," said Debbie Rawlings. "We have a waiting list of about another 40 already so we could run another next week and I'm totally confident that would sell out too." Three women travelled all the way from Copenhagen to take part. Andrea Hasselager, Nevin Eronde and Rositsa Deneva run game development workshops for teenage girls around the world, and decided to put themselves in their shoes for the weekend. "The girls are really very interested - the thing is that maybe they've never been introduced to something like that before," said Ms Hasselager. "Their games definitely have stories from their own lives - one group made a game about dating the cute guy from school, getting your chores done so fast so you can get to your date. "Guys wouldn't make a game like that." Sex appeal Helen Kennedy also believes that a larger presence of women in the games industry will change the landscape of the games themselves. She cites Maxis, creator of The Sims, and Mind Candy, whose Moshi Monsters have become a big hit among the under-12s, as two games developers with a good balance of men and women on board. "If you have more women on your team, you might get a different dynamic in the workplace that might transform some of the decision making that happens," she said. That's not to say that female characters would all suddenly start wearing sensible shoes and sports bras. "Women like to make sexy women too," said Ms Kennedy. "They might be less overly hyper-sexual, less passive, there might be more complicated characterisation, but women love active sexy women just as much as men do. "It's the victim or passive wall-dressing that you get that women find rather repellent." Lovelace legend The theme for games created at the XX Game Jam was clockwork, a nod to Ada Lovelace, the female mathematician credited with writing the world's first computer programs in the 1800s. She worked with Charles Babbage, an inventor whose "difference engine", a complex calculation machine which he designed but never built, is now considered to be the earliest computer. The women worked in teams of five and their games included clockwork crocodiles and android Grim Reapers. "We're all helping each other out, solving each other's problems," said participant Jo Evershed. "Tool challenges have been our biggest challenges, getting our computers working together, understanding each other's strengths and limitations. "As always in all projects, it's the human bit that's the difficult bit." The prizes for the winning team were tool kits - a nod to the masculine environment that women in the games industry find themselves in. "I hardly ever see any women in my job," said developer Helen Mealey, who had only previously attended game jams as an online participant. "It's a nice change." The XX Games Jam will also feature on Click Radio, BBC World Service, on 6 November.

पहली नज़र में, यह किसी भी अन्य की तरह एक खेल जाम था।


Inquiry after bus carrying passengers catches fire

Summary: Stagecoach has launched an investigation after one of its vehicles caught fire while carrying passengers.

The fire broke out shortly after 20:00 BST on Thursday, between Drybrook and Mitcheldean in the Forest of Dean. Two fire crews from Cinderford were called out and remained at the scene until almost midnight. No-one was injured, but the bus was extensively damaged and four metres of the road required resurfacing.

यात्रियों को ले जाते समय उसके एक वाहन में आग लगने के बाद स्टेजकोच ने जांच शुरू कर दी है।


Do your colleagues know how much you earn?

Summary: Discussing pay at work can be a touchy subject.

Whether it is the moment in a job interview when the topic of money is raised, or a request for an advance at the end of an expensive month, it is rarely a comfortable conversation. But for almost one in five workers, having a conversation about their salary with a colleague could be more than uncomfortable, it could get them fired, according to a study. A survey by the Trades Union Congress suggests that 18% of workers had been told that they were not allowed to discuss pay with their colleagues "Pay secrecy clauses are a get out of jail free card for bad bosses," said TUC general secretary Frances O'Grady. "They stop workers from challenging unfair pay, allow top executives to hoard profits and encourage discrimination against women and disabled people." Half of workers asked said they did not know what senior managers in their organisation earned. And 53% said they were not given information about other people's pay. Fewer than one five said their workplace had a transparent pay policy. "Talking about pay can feel a bit uncomfortable, but more openness about wages is essential to building fairer workplaces," Ms O'Grady said. 'Ignorance can be bliss' Tracy Jordan, an HR professional, told the BBC she would rather not know what her colleagues are earning. She has worked in teams that all know or have access to information about how much each person is paid. "I personally have found it's better not looking and not knowing," she said. "Even if you feel you are paid a fair wage, there will always be someone that you perceive is doing a lesser job and is earning more." "Rather than feeling perpetually dissatisfied, I think ignorance can be bliss." However, Joseph Bunkle, a data analyst, said that approach only benefits bosses. "Wouldn't it feel bad knowing you're being paid less than a colleague for the same job because you felt like 'it's just not something I like to discuss'?" Romey Watters, who works in digital marketing, thinks there is a generational divide between those who are willing to discuss their salary and those who are not. "I think younger people tend to be more transparent with sharing details about their salaries, perhaps because things like buying a house seem more unobtainable and the retirement age is increasing," she told the BBC. "I also think that companies sometimes encourage a culture of employees not disclosing what they earn as it could highlight a problem they want to avoid dealing with."

कार्यस्थल पर वेतन पर चर्चा करना एक संवेदनशील विषय हो सकता है।


Economic collapse: The real message of the fall of Troy

Summary: The fall and sack of the city of Troy at the hands of an avenging Greek army is one that has been told for some 3,000 years, but contained within it are clues to a much wider global collapse - with lessons for our own 21st Century.

By Tim BowlerBusiness reporter, BBC News In 1300BC, at the height of the Bronze Age, the great powers of Egypt, the Hittites in central Turkey, the Greeks, Babylonians and Middle Eastern city states would have seemed secure to any merchant sailing around the Mediterranean. None more so than the walled city of Troy, on Turkey's north west coast at the mouth of the Dardanelles. Ships were often forced to wait in its harbours for suitable winds to sail into the Sea of Marmara and Black Sea, so it was ideally placed to grow rich by taxing this trade. Yet just over 100 years later, by about 1170BC, almost all these civilisations had collapsed. In the dark age that followed even the art of writing was lost. In Greek mythology, the tale of the fall of Troy was encapsulated in two epics - the Iliad and the Odyssey - traditionally attributed to the poet Homer, and set down in writing about 400 years later. "He wasn't writing history but it is apparent that Troy was an important fortified place," says J Lesley Fitton, keeper of the department of Greece and Rome at the British Museum. Interconnected world The Bronze Age was typified by palace-based states all interacting and partially dependent on each other - which has similarities with our own age with its interconnected economies and financial markets, just-in-time manufacturing processes and international supply chains. The key commodity of the age was bronze - without which no country could equip an army. The copper came from Cyprus but the tin had to come 4,000km (2,500 miles) from Afghanistan; transported overland to Syria and then in ships along the coast, it was as vital as oil is now. Dr Carol Bell, of University College London says that getting enough tin to produce "weapons-grade bronze" would have exercised the minds of rulers "in the same way that supplying gasoline to the American SUV driver at reasonable cost occupies the mind of a US president today". Trade vulnerability In the 21st Century, we are still vulnerable to interruptions to global trade. In 2012, global oil prices climbed after Iran threatened to close the Straits of Hormuz, through which about 20% of global oil supplies pass. Iran said this would cause a shock to markets that "no country" could manage. Last year, a Chatham House think-tank report urged governments to do more to protect key "chokepoints" on trade routes. It said the Dardanelles, the Turkish Straits, were "particularly critical for wheat, a fifth of global exports pass through them each year". "A serious interruption at one or more of these chokepoints could conceivably lead to supply shortfalls and price spikes, with systemic consequences that could reach beyond food market," it added. Back in the Bronze Age, it didn't take much to cause economic chaos. You only need a "few small interruptions or environmental problems," says Andrew Shapland, Greek Bronze Age curator at the British Museum. Climate change Then as now, climate change was a key factor. "We know that led to famine," says Eric Cline professor of archaeology at George Washington University, Washington DC Indeed, pollen analysis, marine and oxygen isotope data show the period experienced 300-year-long droughts. The Mediterranean cooled significantly at this time, reducing rainfall levels over land. But the Bronze Age states were then hit by multiple events. Not just sustained droughts and famine, but also numerous volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, civil unrest, mass refugee migrations, trade disruptions and war. "If only one thing happens you can survive. The difference in the late Bronze Age is you get the perfect storm. With one, two, three or four events you're looking at multiplier effects - you can't survive," says Prof Cline. Our own world may be more resilient yet even today earthquakes can cause economic chaos. When Japan was struck by the 2011 Tohoku or Fukushima earthquake and tsunami, the economic impact was felt right across Asia. Multiple impacts By 1250BC problems were accumulating. One Hittite queen appealed to Egypt for help, saying "I have no grain in my land". A Syrian merchant warned that "there is famine in our house, if you do not quickly arrive here we will all die of hunger". To help alleviate the situation the Egyptians started food shipments to their neighbours. And even in the Bronze Age, governments were keen to promote their international aid programmes. One pharaoh boasted he "caused grain to be taken in ships to keep alive this land of Hatti (the Hittites)". Despite this international co-operation it was not enough. Whether those who lived around the palaces turned on their rulers because they were not getting fed or had lost their jobs is unclear. But as crops and economies failed, it triggered civil wars and the mass migration of refugees. Homer: Truth or fiction? In Homer, it is the affair between Troy's prince Paris and Greek queen Helen that triggers the legendary war. In reality, contemporary records from the neighbouring Hittites confirm the Greeks "had a number of military campaigns in the west coast of Anatolia", says Spyros Bakas of the Koryvantes Association for Historical Studies, with one Greek ruler "leading 100 chariots and an infantry force against a Hittite prince". The two sides certainly clashed over Troy (which was a Luwian city, sometimes allied to the Hittites). At one point Troy's royal family was deposed, and there is also a Hittite letter to a Greek king about a peace deal over Troy. None of this proves Homer's accuracy but "Troy was clearly a place that could amass great wealth so it was always going to attract people who might want to sack it," says J Lesley Fitton. Sacking of cities Troy was certainly sacked around 1200BC though there is nothing from it or Greece (Greek records are little more than administrative lists) to shed light on what happened. But in Syria we do have the voices of the victims of the wider catastrophe. The ruler of Ugarit, wrong-footed by fast-moving events, asked for help saying: "All my troops and chariots are in the land of Hatti and all my ships are in the land of Lukka. Thus, the country is abandoned to itself." His appeal seems to have fallen on deaf ears; perhaps his neighbours were also hard-pressed. If any help did arrive it came too late, according to one of the last tablets from the doomed city. "When your messenger arrived, the army was humiliated and the city was sacked. Our food in the threshing floors was burnt and the vineyards were also destroyed. "Our city is sacked. May you know it! May you know it!" Those who survived possibly ended being sold as slaves, or joined the growing number of refugees and lawless freebooters as societies broke down. Blaming migrants For their part, the Egyptians had a simple answer to what caused all the Bronze Age states to collapse: it was all the fault of different groups from around the Mediterranean, groups they called "the Sea Peoples". "The foreign countries made a conspiracy in their islands. All at once the lands were removed and scattered in the fray. No land could stand before their arms," says one Egyptian inscription. Egypt seems to have had time to defend itself and its army beat off the Sea Peoples, says Prof Cline, with pharaoh Ramses III proclaiming "I overthrew those who invaded from their lands... they were made as those that exist not" . Andrew Shapland cautions that we need to be careful how we read such government statements: "Ramses is just taking these migrants and he's making them the aggressors. "What if he is doing what any right-wing politician today is doing - and finding an outside set of people and blaming them for the economic woes?" Pyrrhic victory If the Greeks really did vanquish the Trojans, their victory was short-lived. Most Greek palaces were also soon destroyed or abandoned; the Hittites, Syrian city states, Assyrians and Babylonians also collapsed. Only Egypt survived. Unlike Bronze Age rulers who could only pray to their storm god for rain if the crops failed, we are far more aware of global problems and have far more technical resources to deal with them, says Prof Cline. But Homer's is a cautionary tale, he argues. "Every civilisation in the world has ultimately collapsed. It would be very hubristic to think we will be the only civilisation to survive." Troy: Fall of a City The BBC/Netflix eight-part drama retells Homer's story from the Trojans' viewpoint. "The story we're telling has an epic and political sweep but is also deeply human and intimate," says writer David Farr. Troy: Fall of a City starts at 9.10pm, 17 February, on BBC One.

एक बदला लेने वाली यूनानी सेना के हाथों ट्रॉय शहर का गिरना और लूटना वह है जो लगभग 3,000 वर्षों से बताया जा रहा है, लेकिन इसके भीतर निहित एक बहुत व्यापक वैश्विक पतन के संकेत हैं-हमारी अपनी 21वीं सदी के लिए सबक के साथ।


Man charged over Met Police officer 'attack'

Summary: A man has been charged over an alleged attack in south London in which two Met Police officers were hurt.

They had attended a home in Stanley Road, Carshalton, on 13 January to deal with reports of a man attacking his family. Lahiru Pathranage, 22, has been charged with four offences, including assaulting the two officers and attacking his father. He was remanded into custody to appear at Camberwell Magistrates' Court. Related Internet Links Met Police

दक्षिण लंदन में एक कथित हमले के लिए एक व्यक्ति पर आरोप लगाया गया है जिसमें दो मेट्रोपोलिटन पुलिस अधिकारी घायल हो गए थे।


Poster child of US drug wars to be freed

Summary: In 1988, a small-time drug dealer became the first man charged under a new, harsh drug law signed by then-President Ronald Reagan. Almost 30 years later, President Barack Obama granted a sentence commutation to Richard Van Winrow, a literal posterboy for the history of America's drug war.

By Jessica LussenhopBBC News Magazine When he was 22 years old, Winrow was arrested in his mother's home in Los Angeles, California, with 151.9 grams of crack cocaine, a scale, a gun and $3,209 (£2,444) in cash. It was not his first bust - he had been arrested three times over the course of three months with tiny amounts of the same drug, and admitted he was a dealer. Winrow was sentenced to life in prison under a brand new law. He was the first person in the US to be charged under the Anti-Drug Abuse Law of 1988, one of the cornerstones of Reagan's "war on drugs". "The poor schmuck just happened to be unlucky that he is the first one," Assistant US Attorney John Gordon told reporters at the time. This week, that same "poor schmuck" got the news he has been hoping for for 28 years - he is going home. He was one of 111 inmates who were granted clemency by President Obama this week. A total of 673 inmates have been approved for clemency by the administration so far. "It's amazing: yesterday I got to call three people who had been told they would spend the rest of their lives in prison and told them they were going to get out," says Mark Osler, a lawyer who is representing several clemency petitioners around the country, including Winrow. "He was the most even-keeled of the people I talked to. I think that he seemed to have had a justified hope that this day would come." At the time of Winrow's arrest, the country was in the worst throes of the crack epidemic. The cheap, highly addictive form of cocaine was ravaging predominantly African-American neighbourhoods like Winrow's in Los Angeles. During these years, the homicide rate for young, African-American men rose significantly, with officials placing the blame on gangs warring over drug territory. In response, then-President Reagan passed new federal laws that doled out harsh mandatory sentences for possession or distribution of even small amounts of crack. In 1988, just months before Winrow was arrested, Reagan signed into law an addendum that made it possible to sentence men and women who were on their third crack possession charge to a life behind bars without the possibility of parole. Los Angeles police believed that such a punitive sentencing strategy would deter young dealers, or inspire them if caught to turn in their more powerful bosses. At the time, Winrow was acknowledged to be no kingpin. None of his previous crimes involved any acts of violence. But the judge in the case was unswayed. "Congress has gone out to battle the drug war, and this man is one of the enemies," he said just before handing down his decision: Winrow would die behind bars. It was clear local police wanted to make an example out of Winrow. They announced that they would be plastering drug-ravaged neighbourhoods in Los Angeles with posters showing his face and detailing the crimes that had earned him a life sentence. "It was really unbelievable to think they would do that to somebody, especially for the crime that it was," recalls Winrow's niece, Tammy Eley. "So many people have been to jail for murder and that kind of thing - they've got out, went back to jail, and got out again." A lot has changed since 1988. The War on Drugs - at least the version that treated locking up street-level dealers and addicts for decades as an effective form of crime prevention - has been declared an "utter failure" by the current president. The US incarcerates people at a higher rate than any other nation in the world in part thanks to laws like the 1988 one that sent Winrow away. Members of both main political parties regard this as an expensive and disastrous result. In 2010, the Fair Sentencing Act signed by President Obama dismantled the mandatory five-year minimum for simple crack possession that Reagan championed, and dramatically reduced the sentencing disparity between crack cocaine possession and powder cocaine possession convictions. If Winrow were sentenced today, says Osler, he would have received 10 years instead of life. Winrow was regarded as an "enemy" in the 1980s. This week, White House counsel Neil Eggleston referred to him as an "individual" who deserves a second chance. Throughout his incarceration, Winrow has never been violent. He has worked in the cafeteria and the law library, earning his high school equivalency degree and logging 105 hours in various classes. Osler hopes that Winrow - who is set to be released in August 2017 and will go to live with relatives in Los Angeles - will make up for the lost time with his children and grandchildren, some of whom he has never met. "It's a bookend on the harshest sense of retribution being applied indiscriminately. I think a crack dealer is no longer the worst thing a person can be," says Osler. "Crack didn't go away - just the people did."

1988 में, एक छोटे से ड्रग डीलर पर तत्कालीन राष्ट्रपति रोनाल्ड रीगन द्वारा हस्ताक्षरित एक नए, कठोर ड्रग कानून के तहत आरोप लगाया गया था। लगभग 30 साल बाद, राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा ने अमेरिका के ड्रग युद्ध के इतिहास के लिए एक शाब्दिक पोस्टरबॉय रिचर्ड वैन विनरो को सजा कम करने की अनुमति दी।


World War One: The woman who took on the slum landlords

Summary: Private landlords seeking to cash in on the demand for housing during World War One did not reckon on a working class housewife rousing thousands of women to join a protest that led to restrictions on their power.

By Steven BrocklehurstBBC Scotland news website The outbreak of World War One saw many men leaving home to join the fight on the Western Front, but in Glasgow it also brought thousands of workers to the city to take up jobs in the shipyards and munitions factories. The city's housing was already overcrowded and in a poor condition but, in the days before widespread council housing, private landlords saw this extra demand as an opportunity to raise rents for the thousands of tenants. The rent rises were steep and aroused fury in working class districts such as Govan, the home of Mary Barbour, the driving force behind the resistance. Dr Catriona Burness, who has been researching the life of Mrs Barbour, said: "In Glasgow you have got an overcrowded population living hugger-mugger in tenement flats, often slum flats. "When war came, men went to the front but their families were left behind. "At the same time there were more workers coming into the city, essential workers for the shipyards and in munitions factories." Dr Burness adds: "The landlords saw the opportunity to put rents up and there was an immediate reaction against having rent increases at a point when the country was in crisis. "People were being moved into extraordinary situations and, at the same time, private landlords were taking the opportunity to increase rents." Mrs Barbour, by this time a 40-year-old housewife with two children, had been born into a carpet-weaving family in Kilbarchan, Renfrewshire. When she was 21 she married an engineer who worked at the Fairfield shipyard and settled in Govan, becoming an active member of the Kinning Park Co-operative Guild. She also became a member of the Independent Labour Party and the Socialist Sunday School, but it was the Glasgow rent strike that brought her to prominence. Mrs Barbour was involved in every aspect of activities, from organising committees to the physical prevention of evictions. The women who refused to pay the rent rises organised networks and systems of resistance which involved one woman in each tenement keeping watch for the bailiff's officer coming to evict a tenant for arrears. Rent strike When he appeared the lookout would ring a bell and the other women would rush to hurl flour bombs or other missiles at the bailiff to stop him carrying out his work. By November 1915 as many as 20,000 tenants were on rent strike and the protest was spreading beyond Glasgow. A decision by a Partick factor to prosecute 18 tenants for non-payment of a rent increase brought the crisis to a head. On 17 November thousands of women, sometimes dubbed Mrs Barbour's Army, marched to the sheriff courts along with thousands of men from the shipyard and engineering workers. Maria Fyfe, former Labour MP for Glasgow Maryhill, said: "If you had been standing outside the sheriff court on that day you would have seen an enormous crowd of people, 20,000 or more. "Women had come from all over Glasgow, men had come out of the shipyards and the munitions works, and they were gathered all the way back to the City Chambers in George Square, filling the streets. "They were singing songs, waving placards, and they had speakers such as John Maclean, Willie Gallacher and James Maxton, heroes of Glasgow's Red Clydeside days. It must have been very exciting." Inside the court they were feeling alarmed and a call was made to David Lloyd George, who was munitions minister in the coalition government at that time. Ms Fyfe says: "Lloyd George said to them 'release the tenants and I will get something done'. "He said 'I promise you, action will be taken'. "So a huge cheer went up outside in the street. Apparently they were partying for hours afterwards." Lloyd George was as good as his word. The Rent Restriction Act was passed only a month later to bring rents back to pre-war levels throughout Britain and to hold them at that level for six months after the war was finished. Ms Fyfe says: "What Mary Barbour achieved that day was something that benefited tenants across the whole of the country and I think she was real heroine." After the war Mary Barbour was elected to Glasgow Town Council as its first woman Labour Councillor. She later became Glasgow Corporation's first woman Baillie. She died in 1958 at the age of 83.

प्रथम विश्व युद्ध के दौरान आवास की मांग को भुनाने की मांग करने वाले निजी मकान मालिकों ने यह नहीं माना कि एक मजदूर वर्ग की गृहिणी ने हजारों महिलाओं को एक विरोध प्रदर्शन में शामिल होने के लिए उकसाया, जिसके कारण उनकी शक्तियों पर प्रतिबंध लगा दिया गया।


How to reverse surge in religious hate crime?

Summary: Last week there was a report in the French press that an Israeli salon was marketing a discreet hair-based kippa - the small cap worn as a visible symbol of Jewish faith - to European Jews who don't want to be that visible any more.

Dominic CascianiHome affairs correspondent@BBCDomCon Twitter It is the kind of story that feels like it's a sign of the times in the wake of the Paris attacks and heightened concern among British security chiefs for the safety of Jewish communities here. In the UK, all the statistics for religiously motivated hate crime have been moving in the wrong direction. Last week's figures from the Community Security Trust, an expert body monitoring anti-Semitism in the UK, make grim and record-breaking reading. Anti-Semitic incidents more than doubled to 1,168 in 2014, the highest figure since the trust began monitoring in 1984. The previous year had been the lowest on record. There were 314 incidents in July alone - the highest recorded in a single month. Hate crime tends to be driven by "trigger" events - and last summer's trigger for anti-Semitism was the conflict in Gaza. The CST said that almost half of the offenders made reference to Gaza or Palestinians during the incidents it recorded in July and August. It can be really difficult to identify the perpetrator. In those incidents where the victim could do so, the CST figures reveal a number of perpetrators of either a South Asian, Arab or North African appearance. Muslim tensions Decades ago, the British extreme far right and fascism were the forces behind anti-Semitism. But on the face of it, the figures are now pointing to widespread anti-Jewish feelings among some Muslims in Britain. This analysis is shared by many leading progressive Muslim thinkers. But what these thinkers also point out is that the rise in attacks against Britain's Jews mirrors the trend for Muslims themselves - and the two communities need to make common cause. Police recorded 44,500 hate crimes in England and Wales during 2013-14. That was up 5% on the previous year across race, religion, sexual orientation, disability and transgender - the five key measures that feature in national figures. Some of that rise has been attributed to better reporting of existing levels of hate. But a further breakdown indicates there was a 45% jump in religiously motivated incidents to 2,300 - and that appears to have been largely down to more anti-Muslim incidents following the jihadist murder of Fusilier Lee Rigby in Woolwich. In London, the home of the largest numbers of British Jews and Muslims, police recorded 358 anti-Semitic crimes in 2014 and 611 anti-Muslim crimes. While the trigger for anti-Semitism comes down to haters blaming Britain's Jews for something they don't like about Israel, the mirror trigger for anti-Muslim crimes is yet another group of haters blaming Muslims for things that al-Qaeda inspired extremists have done. So how do you go about tackling this stuff? Social media The All-Party Parliamentary Group on Anti-Semitism's (APPG) latest report calls for internet "Asbos" to ban them from using social media to spread hate. It also wants the government to fund the security of synagogues and to review what's being done to improve interfaith relations. What will come of the first two remains to be seen - but on the interfaith issue, there is some hope. Tell Mama is a Muslim hate crime initiative that is closely modelled on the Community Security Trust and is backing the APPG's calls for social media Asbos because, quite simply, both communities are victims of hate crime. It wants more British Muslims to recognise and speak out about anti-Semitism because it is morally objectionable to suggest that one form of hate crime is worse than another. That view is shared by a host of individuals and small unnoticed organisations that work hard to improve understandings between the two faiths. A fortnight ago, two leading progressive British Muslims, Sughra Ahmed of the Islamic Society of Britain and Dilwar Hussain of New Horizons in British Islam, spoke eloquently in a north London synagogue about the sorrow and pain they felt over Paris. And - who'd have thought it - a synagogue in Bradford has even appointed a Muslim to its ruling body.

पिछले हफ्ते फ्रांसीसी प्रेस में एक खबर आई थी कि एक इजरायली सैलून यूरोपीय यहूदियों के लिए एक विवेकपूर्ण बाल-आधारित किप्पा-यहूदी विश्वास के एक दृश्य प्रतीक के रूप में पहनी जाने वाली छोटी टोपी-का विपणन कर रहा था जो अब और दिखाई नहीं देना चाहते हैं।


'Four women I hope my children never forget'

Summary: For years Rebecca Henschke combined her role as the BBC's Indonesia editor with bringing up two children. But she often had to leave home at short notice, and so did her partner, another correspondent. It was only possible, she says, thanks to four wonderful, patient Indonesian women.

I kiss my sleeping boys on the head and turn to Fitri. "I will be a few days," I tell her. While getting dressed, I mumble something about a tsunami. I say, "Sorry, I will call," and I rush out the door. And I know she will do everything and anything to make sure my children are happy and safe until come back. This was the scene in my house one night just before Christmas - but something like it had happened many times before. When I became pregnant for the first time, I wanted to do it all by myself. Nannies seemed otherworldly and elitist. I was uncomfortable seeing upper class families in Jakarta having dinner in glitzy malls - and the nannies, often in uniforms, sitting at a different table, sometimes without a meal. But the reality of being mother hit me like a freight train. Sleep-deprived and without any family to help, I was a mess. "Get a nanny!" I was told over and over by Indonesian friends and other expats. So finally, after some very difficult months, I came to embrace an idea that is universally accepted in Indonesia and many parts of the world - that it takes many women to be a good mother. On the island of Bali people believe babies are little gods, and all across Indonesia children are overwhelmingly loved. Screaming children on planes? People feel sorry for them, not annoyed. Children running around a cafe are not brats, they are super-cute. Four wonderful, patient Javanese women lived with us at different times and made parenting while reporting in the Ring of Fire a joy. Mary, Ani, Yati and Fitri, you have my enduring gratitude. While I was in Sumatra making a documentary on deforestation, Fitri messaged daily with updates. Once she told me our youngest had started reading! She was so excited. I felt a sharp pang of guilt and regret - I was a little jealous that it was her, not me, who was there for this milestone. Fitri's father died when she was young and she is the breadwinner, supporting younger sisters back in their village in West Java. She left home and worked, while still a teenager, as a migrant worker in Syria. This isn't unusual in Indonesia. Every year millions of women leave their own children behind to become foreign workers. In the east of Indonesia, there are villages called "the motherless villages", where all the young mothers have gone abroad. They are looking after someone else's children in the hope of giving theirs a better future. Fitri says she was lucky. Her family in Syria was kind and she was able to save, whereas many turn out to be violent, or force the women work for nothing. But Fitri missed Indonesia and looked for work back in the capital, Jakarta. At first she was with us for just a few months and then left because she was pregnant - and also, she tells me now, because our Dutch-built rundown colonial house was haunted. About a year later she called again and asked if she could come back to work and bring her baby son and husband to live in the rooms at the back of the house. We said Yes - we needed her. She made peace with the ghosts, and her little boy has grown up with our youngest. He calls me Mami, as he thinks that's my name. He wants to ikut - to come with us - and do everything my boys do, including brushing his teeth morning and night (which is not normal practice for children in Indonesian villages). I put off telling Fitri we were leaving Indonesia - but, of course, living so closely she saw the signs. One day she said, "Are you leaving Bu?" - short for ibu the respectful way of referring to a woman with children. And I had to tell her. She said the boys - particularly our youngest who she has known most of his life - are like her own children. Her eyes filled with tears and I know our departure is as painful for her as it is for us. I have seen it happen so many times before to the nannies of other expat friends - the silent mothers who helped raise children whose families suddenly leave for countries they could never afford to visit. When I met them at playgroups - now working for a different family - they were always hungry for news and photos of the children they helped raise. Children that may by now have forgotten the incredible love these women gave them. I hope mine don't. You may also be interested in: Indonesia, the nation with the world's largest Muslim population, is home to a rapidly growing middle class. As Rebecca Henschke reports from Jakarta, this has given rise to a striking phenomenon - the so-called "Crazy Rich" Indonesians. Read: How a country suddenly went 'crazy rich' Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter.

वर्षों तक रेबेका हेन्श्के ने बी. बी. सी. के इंडोनेशिया संपादक के रूप में अपनी भूमिका को दो बच्चों की परवरिश के साथ जोड़ा। लेकिन उन्हें अक्सर कम समय में घर छोड़ना पड़ता था, और उनके साथी, एक अन्य संवाददाता को भी। वे कहती हैं, यह केवल चार अद्भुत, धैर्यवान इंडोनेशियाई महिलाओं की बदौलत संभव हुआ।


'My dream flat left me with a £20,000 repair bill'

Summary: The government's shared ownership scheme is meant to help aspiring home owners onto the property ladder. However, an investigation by the BBC's Panorama programme has found that the scheme has left some people living in homes with escalating costs and huge debts.

By Datshiane NavanayagamBBC Panorama When Giulia Trovato bought her new build flat in 2007 she felt thrilled and excited. The flat she bought had been the show flat used to market the shared ownership scheme to prospective buyers and she fell in love with it as soon as she walked in. The scheme, which allows you to part buy and part rent your home, meant Giulia was able to buy a 45% share of the three bedroom flat in Hoxton, East London and pay rent on the remaining share of the property to the housing association who owned the flat. Giulia says the scheme ticked all the boxes at the time, allowing her to live in a desirable area and get onto the housing ladder without relying on a loan from her parents. However, within a year of moving in, black mould and damp started appearing. Then the basement of the building began to flood with waste water. In 2017, Giulia's landlord, housing association L&Q, moved her out for six months while repairs to the pipework took place. It was when she returned home and received a bill for over £20,000 from L&Q that she realised she was liable for the full cost of the repairs. "I bought my home convinced it was structurally sound," she says. "At the most - the very very most - I should pay my share… not 100% like they are insisting." Shared owners are often liable for 100% of the repairs even though they may own as little as 25% of their home. L&Q told Panorama that given the benefits of the scheme it was fair and reasonable for shared owners to pay for these. However, it is an area the government is currently looking at. Under new proposals, they want housing associations to cover the cost of essential repairs for the first 10 years for new shared owners, but that won't help those already within the scheme. Housing solicitor Giles Peaker says that for those like Giulia their rights are "very very limited". He believes it's a fundamental flaw of the shared ownership model which, he says, places the full costs of home ownership onto people who are effectively still paying rent as tenants. 'Obscene' service charges It's not just large repair bills that can be problematic. Panorama found shared owners, including key workers, who had entered the scheme because it had been marketed as affordable housing now struggling to keep up with increasing charges. They said that sharp rises in service charges has left them in debt, struggling to pay their bills and at risk of losing their home either through repossession or being forced to sell. Chris Worrall said he had been asked to pay additional payments of up to £2,000 as well as facing a hefty increase in his service charge after his housing association, Clarion, had previously underestimated the service charge. He calls the rise in his service charge "obscene" after it increased from £2,270 a year, when he first entered the scheme in 2016, to over £4,300 a year. Clarion which is the UK's largest housing association told Panorama that residents had been given a year to pay the balance and that the service charge was in line with similar buildings. But Cindy Gingell, another shared owner in the development, said the spike in charges was making her home unaffordable. "All the marketing makes it sound really easy and that you know, suddenly in a few years' time, you will probably be able to own your own flat," she says. "Now I'm not able to save as much as I was hoping to save… I wouldn't call it affordable at the moment." Short leases Many shared ownership homes are leaseholds. Unlike normal leaseholders, shared owners have no statutory right to a lease extension. This means the housing association not only has the right to refuse a lease extension but can also dictate both the price and length of it. They can also add on other charges connected to the process such as a permission fee and their own legal fees, making the process extremely costly. An investigation by Panorama found that one housing association, The Guinness Partnership, currently owns 1,500 shared ownership homes with leases below 80 years and could receive £20m in lease extensions from shared owners over the coming years. Kelly Reynolds, a former shared ownership tenant with The Guinness Partnership, had to extend her lease in order to sell her home last year because potential buyers struggle to get mortgages where the length is below 80 years. She was forced to pay the full value of the lease extension despite only owning 50% of her property. The scheme had been a way for her to build up equity, but after the costs of extending the lease, she ended up with £5,000 less than she'd paid for the property in the first place. "It's definitely changed my viewpoint on shared ownership," she says. "It's a scheme that's designed to get people onto the property ladder but it very nearly kicked me off it." The Guinness Partnership said BBC Panorama's "investigations have drawn attention to the fact that not all property owners are aware of the implications of decreasing lease terms and we will therefore be writing to all our shared owners highlighting the fact that this is an issue they may wish to take advice on". Kate Henderson, the chief executive of The National Housing Federation which represents housing associations, says housing associations are not for profit, charitable organisations. She said that whilst housing associations exist to provide good quality, affordable homes for those on lower incomes, it was also important for shared owners to look at the costs associated with the scheme. Watch Panorama: The Home I Can't Afford on BBC One on 25 Wednesday November at 19:30 GMT or watch later on BBC iPlayer.

सरकार की साझा स्वामित्व योजना का उद्देश्य घर के इच्छुक मालिकों को संपत्ति की सीढ़ी पर चढ़ने में मदद करना है। हालाँकि, बीबीसी के पैनोरमा कार्यक्रम की एक जांच में पाया गया है कि इस योजना ने घरों में रहने वाले कुछ लोगों को बढ़ती लागत और भारी ऋण के साथ छोड़ दिया है।


Ecommerce: Tabaski rams bought in Paris, eaten in Dakar

Summary: "It's a party, it's joy, you know. We go to mosque in beautiful new clothes, the women prepare the sauce, the meat, we eat together at home and with our neighbours. It's really marvellous."

By Fiona GrahamTechnology of business reporter, BBC News, Dakar, Senegal Abdulaziz Nder sells sheep. More particularly, once a year he takes sheep into the centre of Dakar, a vibrant, sun-drenched city of eight million inhabitants, where he will spend several weeks selling his animals. "Each Senegalese, each Muslim, must do everything he can to have a ram, because it's a command from God," he says, standing in the middle of a dusty town square overflowing with fine ovine specimens trying to find shelter from the midday sun. This is Tabaski - known elsewhere as Eid al-Adha - the biggest festival and holiday of the year in Senegal, a country that is 90% Muslim. This year it falls on 4 October. It's a time when families travel great distances to come together and share a meal. Also travelling great distances are the sheep bound for the dinner table. Border controls are relaxed and customs fees waived, as hundreds of thousands of sheep pour across the borders from neighbouring countries such as Mali and Mauritania. The acquisition of a healthy ram is a source of great pride to a family - and size matters. Across the city on closely guarded rooftops, in yards, and even in apartments sheep are being fattened up. There are always concerns about supply - this year, the government says there should be enough. There's even a hugely popular annual televised beauty contest called Khar Bii - "this sheep" in Wolof. The animal is ritually slaughtered at dawn and then cooked and eaten, with plenty to share with friends and neighbours, both Muslim and Christian. In one day nearly 800,000 sheep and goats will be killed - with 250,000 needed for the capital alone. Over the sea Which makes it a difficult time of year for those living far from home. An estimated $1.3bn was sent back to support loved ones by almost half a million Senegalese working overseas in 2010. Sending money home can be very expensive, and there's always the danger that the cash isn't spent on what it was intended for. Which is where an ecommerce start-up called Niokobok comes in. The company lets the Senegalese diaspora around the world shop online for food, electronics and solar systems sourced in Senegal to be delivered to family and friends there. They also deliver rams and goats for Tabaski - as well as all the traditional trimmings: potatoes, onions, and sauces. Customers can go to the website and view videos of the animals for sale, before making their selection. Mme Ndiaye lives in Guediawaye, a suburb of Dakar, sharing a tiny courtyard with children and grandchildren. Her son has groceries delivered once a month. "When I receive the delivery it is as if he is here in Senegal, and he is delivering it himself," she says. Her son has lived in France for so long now that she has lost count of the years. "If you have a son who loves you and helps you like this, he is never far away." Last year, he sent her two animals, so the family could celebrate in style. "Before he would send money, and my son or daughter would then have to go to the shops. It is better to get the delivery," she says. "I thank God and the prophet Mohammed for the deliveries. I'm so grateful to my son, because he's taking care of me." Now in its second year, the company delivers to around 1,000 families. Initially, the team behind Niokobok thought that the main draw would be that customers would know where their money was going. "This is still true," says chief executive Laurent Liautaud. "But we also see it's that people thinking about their relatives, and wanting to make them happy, so they want to send a gift." "What's very interesting is that we see demand from the Senegalese living in Senegal, because online retail is only beginning here." Niokobok isn't the only African ecommerce company concentrating on the diaspora. Kenya-based Mama Mike's was an early entry, with recent addition African ecommerce giant Jumia announcing a UK-based site in June aimed at expat Nigerians. But online shopping is still finding its feet in French-speaking Africa, giving Niokobok an early lead. The team of five are based at the CTIC incubator in the heart of the city, and are working with the United States Agency for International Development (USAid) as part of their Development Innovation Ventures programme on expanding to rural areas. "We're really trying to improve the life of our customers," he says, also pointing to the solar systems available on the site. "[Solar] for people from the diaspora is great, because you're based in Paris, and you want to send light to your family, you can do it, thanks to the internet," says Mr Liautaud. "We [still] believe food is important, it's more than 45% of customer spend, so even if it's a logistics nightmare, we need to market food." And the logistics are not to be sneezed at. "You have much less reliable partners, so you have to do a lot of your logistics in-house, even from the beginning which is costly. On food especially you have quite low margins, so it's more difficult to recover your costs," he says. "The only good thing is that consumption patterns are much more standardised." Home delivery in countries where the transport infrastructure may be lacking, and mapping isn't accurate presents a challenge. Then there's the lack of standardised addresses - making local knowledge vital. "A lot of our customers put things that help, like this is next to this school, or this very famous point of the neighbourhood. Often for the first delivery we do the last 200m on the phone," says Mr Liautaud. Niokobok has plans to roll out to the whole of Senegal before trying neighbouring markets. This year's livestock delivery is keeping the team busy in the meantime, with close to 50 orders to fulfil. With each delivery a picture is taken to send to the buyer, strengthening that connection to distant family. "For Islam, it is very important for the family, because on the day of the judgment, every head of the family will ride on those sheep to go to paradise," says Niokobok's Moussa Diallo. "It is why people choose to buy very big or very fat sheep."

"यह एक पार्टी है, यह खुशी है, आप जानते हैं। हम सुंदर नए कपड़ों में मस्जिद जाते हैं, महिलाएं चटनी, मांस बनाती हैं, हम घर पर और अपने पड़ोसियों के साथ खाते हैं। यह वास्तव में अद्भुत है।"


What is the point of a clock tower?

Summary: We take for granted the ease with which we can find out the time. From watches and phones to computer screens and digital radios, there are so many options the question "have you got the time, please?" is one that's rarely heard these days.

By Hayley WestcottBBC News Of course, it used to be the case that we relied on clock towers to ensure we weren't late. The earliest examples had no clock faces and so it made sense to place clocks in towers, whose bells could then be heard striking the time, from far away. In the Middle Ages, many European cities invested in large-scale clock tower constructions, while in later years towers were sometimes erected to mark national events. But in the 21st Century, the original function of clock towers helping keep people punctual is essentially redundant - so why should we care about them? 'It's an icon visible for miles around' The Joseph Chamberlain Memorial Clock Tower at the University of Birmingham still serves its original purpose more than a century after it was built. Constructed at the university's Edgbaston campus between 1900 and 1908 and named after its first chancellor, the British statesman Joseph Chamberlain, the 328ft (100m) structure is the tallest freestanding clock tower in the UK. "It continues to fulfil the exact aim for which it was put there by him," says Dr Matt Cole, a teaching fellow in history at the university. "It was an advertisement, it was a public relations exercise. I think the idea was as people walked by or came by on the train going into Birmingham, they would say 'what's that thing?' "It still is visible for miles around and is an icon of the university. His essential point was right; the university needed to make its mark and needed to have high visibility. "However bad a day you've had at work, it's always a great reassurance when you step out and see the clock in the twilight." Affectionately known as Old Joe, the tower even has its own Twitter account, boasting about 7,000 followers. Old Joe is used year-round for university celebrations, including graduations, where it provides the perfect photo backdrop for ceremonies, and its glowing clock face is believed to have been the inspiration for the Eye of Sauron in JRR Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings trilogy. 'I met my wife there' While we might not bother glancing upwards at it to tell the time, the clock tower remains a handy spot to meet our friends. For Steve Shorney, from Bristol, the Jubilee Clock Tower in Weymouth is the place he met the woman who would become his wife. "There were three of us lads, we used to get together years ago, and in 1968 we decided to spend the weekend down in Weymouth," he says. "We didn't have a lot of money in those days so we hitchhiked down and arranged to meet each other at the clock tower." While waiting there, Steve and his friend bumped into two young women they asked to see again later that weekend. "When I got home after that weekend, having spent time with Janet, I said to my mother and father: 'I think I've met the girl I'm going to marry'," Steve says. He and Janet are still together 51 years later and have been married for 48. "We go back to Weymouth reasonably regularly and we sit under the clock tower and say: 'This is where it all began, when I saw you walking towards me.' We've got two children and three grandchildren now," he said. "Janet is from Bristol too and was on holiday in Weymouth with her friend. So we're both from Bristol and meet in Weymouth - it was obviously meant to be." 'When the clock strikes five, you come home for tea' While big cities like Birmingham have several prominent landmarks to instil pride in their residents, elsewhere the clock tower can be a central part of a town or village's identity. One such place is Camborne in Cornwall. "The clock is part of our culture and history," says Ivor Corkell, the secretary of Camborne Old Cornwall Society and a lifelong resident of the town. "When I was young, the clock played an important part in our behaviour and everyone used to listen to the clock chiming," he says. "When we were children, mothers would say: 'When the clock strikes five, you come home for your tea'. "But it was far more difficult at lunchtime because you had to count to 12. Some children were coming home at 11 after getting it wrong - they were an hour early for their lunch." A source of pride for locals is that their clock tower was produced by Dent, the same company that made the clock, familiarly known as Big Ben, for the Elizabeth Tower at the Houses of Parliament. Indeed, the clock in Camborne is referred to as Little Ben. Martin Whiteley, who grew up in Cornwall, has fond memories of his father working on the clock. "I remember climbing up the various internal ladders with Dad to wind the old beaut up," he says. "If I remember right, there were two big handles to wind the weights up. There was a big one for the bell and the smaller one ran the movement for timekeeping. I can still hear the clacking ratchet as you leaned on those handles - quite a workout for a little one. "I'd use my whole body to try and turn it. Dad used to put one hand on it and turn it easily. I thought he was Superman." You may also be interested in: "This old mechanical clock, the little brother of Big Ben, was an important part of this town," Ivor says. "It's certainly a landmark. "You still look up at the clock tower if you want to know the time. When you're going to catch a bus, you look up there. Is the bus early or late? "It's still an important part of our lives when we walk around and see the clock. We can still hear the chiming over a big area of the town, too." 'My husband got a clock tower tattoo' For some people, the clock tower continues to play an important role in their lives as a reminder of a happy time or important occasion. Denise Coughlan and her husband David got married in 2016 at the Weymouth Pavilion, just along from the seaside town's Jubilee Clock Tower. "The Jubilee Clock tattoo was David's idea as a memory of our wedding day," says Denise, who is from Plymouth. "We were walking up the road opposite the clock tower one day and he just said: 'I could get that done, tattooed on.' "Jokingly at the time I said: 'You could and you could get the time on it set to 3 o'clock - the time we got married.' So he did - he went out and got it done!" For Denise, it's important the clock - which still tells the right time - continues to be looked after. "The Jubilee Clock Tower has just always been there," she says. "My mum still lives there and I love Weymouth. I go back a lot. "The tower stands in the middle of the seafront and you can't really miss it. I love it."

हम इस बात को हल्के में लेते हैं कि हम आसानी से समय का पता लगा सकते हैं। घड़ियों और फोन से लेकर कंप्यूटर स्क्रीन और डिजिटल रेडियो तक, इतने सारे विकल्प हैं कि "क्या आपको समय मिला है, कृपया?" ऐसा सवाल जो इन दिनों शायद ही कभी सुना जाता है।


Fire on Condor Ferries' Commodore Clipper

Summary: A fire has broken out on a ferry travelling between Portsmouth and the Channel Island of Guernsey.

Crew members on the Commodore Clipper discovered what they described as a "minor fire" in an engine's oil heating system at about 13:20 BST, operator Condor Ferries said. It was extinguished and there were no injuries among the 220 passengers and 39 crew on board, it added. The 129m (420ft) ferry is returning to Portsmouth under its own steam.

पोर्ट्समाउथ और चैनल आइलैंड ऑफ ग्वेर्नसे के बीच यात्रा करने वाली एक नौका में आग लग गई है।


Dylan Thomas's Under Milk Wood recording revisited

Summary: Under Milk Wood is an acknowledged radio classic. Dylan Thomas's dramatic masterpiece was first broadcast in January 1954 and almost nobody involved is left alive. But to mark the poet's centenary the original sound effects man has been persuaded to return to rattle the teacups one last time.

By Vincent DowdArts reporter, BBC World Service Alec Nisbett had a long and distinguished career as a BBC producer. In its latter half he produced more than 40 editions of the Horizon series on BBC Two. But his first home was radio. Sixty years ago he was the youngest of three studio managers on what became one of the most famous radio programmes made to date. "I became a studio manager just as the BBC decided the job was more than being an engineer. They were recruiting smart and creative people like Joan Bakewell and Jack Gold, who went on to direct The Naked Civil Servant. "So at the start of 1954 I was pleased to be allocated the script of Under Milk Wood. I was in the Features department of the BBC, whose job was to produce the most imaginative radio programmes anywhere. Everyone in Features felt several rungs up from Drama. And though I was extremely junior I could see the script I'd been given was special." The producer was Douglas Cleverdon, who had spent years coaxing from Thomas his extraordinary portrait of the fictional Welsh seaside town Llareggub. The poet had died in New York a few weeks before, aged just 39. Under Milk Wood took five days to rehearse and record. The actors worked in the radio drama studio on the sixth floor of Broadcasting House - a studio which still exists. "The whole cast was there all the time except for Richard Burton, who was too much in demand elsewhere. He was at the Old Vic and could only afford one day with us. In rehearsal it was the actor Richard Bebb who read all the linking narration. "I remember there were several 'brown coats', as they used to be called, guarding the doors. Normally it was their job to move things around, like pianos. But in reality Douglas Cleverdon was using them as security guys. "There was a rumour that Caitlin, Dylan's widow, was going to turn up and that might have been the end of rehearsals as she could be a lively presence. Eventually we heard she was in Italy and Douglas breathed a sigh of relief. "The other production staff were safely behind the glass in the cubicle of Studio 6A but I wandered around the floor during the recording producing the spot effects." Spot effects are sound effects produced manually such as a window opening or a doorbell ringing, as opposed to sounds played in off disc. "When in the recording you hear footsteps or teacups or something creaking that's me. I was very new to the job and I'm not sure I was very good at it." Sixty years on, Nisbett has been called on to dust down his abilities as a sound effects man. Welsh artist Dan Llywelyn Hall tracked him down while preparing events in London to mark the centenary of Thomas's birth. "I expect Alec thought his sound effects days were over," says Llywelyn Hall, "but he's agreed to revive them for an extract from the play at the Coningsby Gallery on 6 September." Welsh actors Karl Johnson and Dorothea Phillips are taking part and Alec Nisbett is hoping he'll meet the sole survivor of the 1954 cast - actress Gwenyth Petty. "Gwenyth Petty and the others took their parts so perfectly I remember doubting if the play would be improved by Richard Burton joining us on the last day. But I was totally wrong." Burton came to Broadcasting House only for the final rehearsal on the Sunday morning and for the recording session afterwards. "As soon as he ran through his opening lines it was clear the piece had been taken to a new dimension. His voice was so sonorous and beautiful you felt something shift in the air around you. Richard Burton's arrival gave us the momentum to go on and make that wonderful recording in the afternoon." Under Milk Wood was produced just before the BBC shifted to record on tape. "I think we recorded to disc which made editing difficult: you tried to get it all in one clean take but remember the play is an hour-and-a-half long. I believe later Douglas Cleverdon decided one part needed redoing and brought back some of the cast for retakes. I've always hoped it wasn't my sound effects which were the problem." Alec Nisbett is being allowed one privilege in the reading this month which he didn't have in 1954: he is to speak one line of the script. "I'll have to work on my performance. The moment I read the words in my head I could recall the exact intonation from the 1954 recording. What the original cast did was perfect: it can't be improved upon."

अंडर मिल्क वुड एक मान्यता प्राप्त रेडियो क्लासिक है। डायलन थॉमस की नाटकीय उत्कृष्ट कृति को पहली बार जनवरी 1954 में प्रसारित किया गया था और इसमें शामिल लगभग कोई भी जीवित नहीं बचा है। लेकिन कवि की शताब्दी को चिह्नित करने के लिए मूल ध्वनि प्रभाव वाले व्यक्ति को आखिरी बार चाय के कप को बजाने के लिए वापस आने के लिए राजी किया गया है।


Birmingham gangs: How two rivals poisoned a city's streets

Summary: Eighteen men have been served injunctions by police trying to disrupt gang activity between rival Birmingham factions, the Johnson Crew and Burger Bar Boys. But what is the history of the two gangs and how have they managed to tighten their grip on the city's streets?

By Caroline GallBBC News The cold-blooded murders of two girls at a new year party in Birmingham in 2003 was the moment their feud became national news. But before the deaths of innocent victims, Charlene Ellis, 17, and Letisha Shakespeare, 18, it was the targeting and killing of opposing members from within the groups that led to an escalation in the gang war. The gangs took their names from two cafes in Handsworth where black youths congregated in the late 80s and early 90s. Legend has it that they were once friends but fell out over a bet on who won a game of Streetfighter on the Playstation. 'Disregard for life' The Burgers - whose territory included Smethwick and Handsworth - were said to be the richer and more organised of the two, with a stronger and more deadly collection of weapons. But the Aston and Lozells-based Johnson Crew, or Johnnies as they were also known, had more members and splinter groups including the Cash Money Crew and the Raiders. Police categorised both gangs as being involved in local drug dealing, robberies, and kidnappings before shootings started taking place outside nightclubs and community centres. BBC Midlands Today correspondent Peter Wilson said: "The killings began in the last days of 1995 as these young men fought off Yardie gangsters. "They copied the Jamaican gangs' ruthless disregard for life and reckless use of guns and violence." Before long, as their influence grew, court cases against the Burgers and Johnnies started to collapse amid allegations of witness intimidation. It was the unsolved murder of Cory Wayne Allen, who had links with both gangs, in 1999 that led to West Midlands Police launching Operation Ventara to build up a picture of gang-based intelligence in the city. But the shootings continued. And the December 2002 killing of Burger Bar member Yohanne Martin in West Bromwich took the feud to a new and even more chilling level. Yohanne - whose street name was "13" - was a key member of the gang and his brother Nathan - whose street name was "23" - believed the Johnson Crew were behind his brother's death. On 31 December, Nathan and other Burgers members bought a red Ford Mondeo and, less than 48 hours later, drove up to a new year party at a hairdresser's in Aston and opened fire on partygoers, killing Charlene and Letisha and injuring two others. The real targets were a group of young men standing nearby, who included an alleged member of the Johnson Crew. The girls' death shocked many, not just within the city. Both gangs were now notorious nationwide. Two years later, Nathan Martin, Michael Gregory, Marcus Ellis - the half-brother of Charlene - and Rodrigo Simms were convicted of their murder and jailed for life. The lengthy sentences and expert mediation that had been going on behind the scenes helped to gradually quell the bloodshed after that. In 2009, the officer in charge of tackling the gang problem in the city, Ch Supt Tom Coughlan, boldly predicted that street gangs would be eradicated within two to three years. While that did not happen, the force's work was bolstered by the creation of a gangs task force in 2011 aiming to disrupt some 45 urban street gangs that were said to be operating in the West Midlands. Dismantled Some reformed gang members from both sides also contributed and came together to establish a group to help persuade youths to get out of the gang lifestyle. But in recent years, cuts have been felt within council and police budgets, and with gun crime statistics falling, many of the anti-gun crime initiatives were dismantled. In the last two years, gun crime has re-emerged in Birmingham and become a familiar problem for the police, politicians and innocent residents of the second city. And while a helpful step forward, these latest injunctions shine a light on the city's gangland problem - and prove that both groups still cast a shadow on the streets.

प्रतिद्वंद्वी बर्मिंघम गुटों, जॉनसन क्रू और बर्गर बार बॉयज़ के बीच गिरोह की गतिविधि को बाधित करने की कोशिश कर रही पुलिस ने अठारह लोगों को निषेधाज्ञा दी है। लेकिन दोनों गिरोहों का क्या इतिहास है और वे शहर की सड़कों पर अपनी पकड़ मजबूत करने में कैसे कामयाब रहे हैं?


Bloodhound Diary: Do the maths

Summary: A British team is developing a car that will be capable of reaching 1,000mph (1,610km/h). Powered by a rocket bolted to a Eurofighter-Typhoon jet engine, the vehicle aims to show its potential by going progressively faster, year after year. By the end of 2019, Bloodhound wants to have demonstrated speeds above 500mph. The next step would be to break the existing world land speed record (763mph; 1,228km/h). The racing will take place on Hakskeen Pan in Northern Cape, South Africa.

By Andy GreenWorld Land Speed Record Holder We were all shocked and saddened to hear of the fatal crash of one of our competitors - Jessi Combs. She was driving the North American Eagle jet car on the Alvord desert in the USA when the accident happened. A crash like this is incredibly rare. In the pursuit of the Outright World Land Speed Record, there had only been five fatalities since the first record was set in 1898, with the last of them way back in 1962. Now that number is 6. Our thoughts and prayers are with Jessi's family and with the North American Eagle team. As Bloodhound is now in its final weeks of preparation for our high-speed test session in South Africa, we are reviewing all of our test plans and safety procedures, to make sure we haven't missed anything. We still don't know what happened to Jessi's car or why it crashed and, in any case, Bloodhound is a very different car from the North American Eagle, with a different team and a different approach, so we can't compare the two. However, Jessi's accident is a stark reminder that we are working in an unforgiving environment. In part, that is the point of our high-speed Test session. We need to learn, step-by-step, how to operate in this high-speed arena, before we turn the dial up to supersonic levels for a world record attempt. To get the car ready for high-speed testing, one of the key modifications for this year has been to add an extra "auxiliary" fuel tank. Thanks to Jonathan Tubb and Advanced Fuel Systems, the car now has an additional 400 litres of fuel capacity. It might sound counter-intuitive, but our 500+ mph testing this year will actually use more fuel than a supersonic record run. Take a moment to think about it, though, and it starts to make sense. For our testing this year, we are only using the Rolls-Royce jet engine, without the Nammo rocket that we will need to reach supersonic speeds. As a result, we will be accelerating more slowly, taking longer to reach peak speed (which increases for each test profile). Longer runs will mean more jet fuel used, hence the need for an auxiliary fuel tank this year. One obvious advantage of longer, slower runs is that it gives us more time to test the car's handling and stability, as well as the airbrakes, drag parachutes and wheel brakes. It will also give more data from the hundreds of sensors all over the car and more time to test the onboard control systems. As the driver, I'm going to be focussed on the obvious "car" bits of performance - the jet engine power levels, speed, steering, suspension set-up, braking systems, and so on. Equally important will be the vehicle sensors to check that the structural loads and temperatures are within limits, and that everything else is working as it should. If there are any obvious failures, then I will get a warning light in the cockpit and abort the run. That's the point at which I need those braking systems to work! The more interesting analysis will happen after the runs. In particular, the pressure sensors (just over 190 of them) will give us a unique chance to validate the aerodynamic computer models built by Swansea University. In turn, this will allow us to refine the performance figures and design details (if necessary) for next year's land speed record attempt. This is perhaps the real benefit of high speed-testing this year - it will give us tremendous confidence in our supersonic record car. This aerodynamic data analysis is all "geek" stuff, with lots of numbers, but there is some good news for the rest of us. Swansea University has also developed a computer programme to "picture" the pressure differences across the car every time it runs. As a mathematician, I love a good set of numbers, but you can't beat a picture for showing you what's going on. Running on the Hakskeen Pan desert in South Africa this year will also show us how the dry mud/silt surface interacts with Bloodhound's solid metal wheels. Fairly obviously, the wheels will be supporting the car and providing the lateral grip for steering at slow speed. As the car speeds up, the grip from the wheels will reduce, before the aerodynamic forces start to take over. During this transition, I'll be working hard to assess the effects on the car's handling and stability. Vehicle stability is not the only thing that we need to understand, though. As the car runs over the mud surface, the wheels will throw up a "spray" of dust particles. This choking thick dust cloud will get sucked into the airflow around the wheels, up into the wheel bays and around the back half of the car. The dust cloud from the desert surface will be pretty violent. Think about this for a moment: when the car is doing 500mph (800km/h), the bottom of the wheel will be stationary on the ground, so the top of the wheel is doing - wait for it - 1,000 mph (1610km/h) inside the wheel arch. Yes, that's right, the top of the wheel is travelling at nearly 1.4 times the speed of sound relative to the bodywork around it. That will be a dust storm of truly epic proportions. If you're wondering why our newly completed front wheel-arch liners look like they are virtually bullet proof, it's because they need to be. There's a supersonic dust storm headed their way shortly. As the car gets ready for next month's flight out to South Africa, the various bits of bodywork are being painted in our new white-and-red colour scheme. The best bit for me was seeing the tail fin finally given it's racing paint work and "flag" graphics, complete with 36,000 names on it. We owe a huge vote of thanks to those 36,000 people who paid to put their names up there. We promised you all that one day you would be able to watch your name (and, for a lot of you, your kids' names) racing across the desert at high speed, setting world records. Thank you all for your patience - the time is finally at hand. For those of you that are going to follow our testing progress this year, I'm sorry that you can't join us in South Africa. The high-speed testing is a "closed" session, as there won't be any spectator facilities. Fear not though. For our record attempt, the Northern Cape Government will be making sure that they can cope with huge numbers of visitors. If you really, really want to see a supersonic car run (and apparently it's really impressive!), then your chance will come soon enough. In the meantime, keep watching the Bloodhound website and BBC News online. There'll be lots of exciting stuff and plenty of video over the coming weeks.

एक ब्रिटिश टीम एक ऐसी कार विकसित कर रही है जो 1,000 मील प्रति घंटे (1,610 किमी/घंटा) तक पहुंचने में सक्षम होगी। एक यूरोफाइटर-टाइफून जेट इंजन को बोल्ट किए गए रॉकेट द्वारा संचालित, वाहन का लक्ष्य साल दर साल उत्तरोत्तर तेजी से आगे बढ़कर अपनी क्षमता दिखाना है। 2019 के अंत तक, ब्लडहाउंड 500 मील प्रति घंटे से अधिक की गति का प्रदर्शन करना चाहता है। अगला कदम मौजूदा विश्व भूमि गति रिकॉर्ड (763 मील प्रति घंटे; 1,228 किमी/घंटा) को तोड़ना होगा। दौड़ दक्षिण अफ्रीका के उत्तरी केप में हक्सकीन पैन पर होगी।


BTS tell fans to 'stay strong' during difficult year

Summary: In a year where much of the world has been brought to standstill, BTS stands out. Unable to perform live and show off their electric choreography on some of the biggest stages across the world, they took a fresh approach: disco.

By Laura BickerBBC News, Seoul Not only has it proved to be a success, their single Dynamite has broken records and they've become the first all-Korean pop act to top the Billboard 100 singles chart. RM, Jin, Suga, J-Hope, Jimin, V and Jungkook told me how their fans - and a hit single of course - had helped them through the recent uncertainty. They didn't manage to answer all of my questions, including the one most fans ask- when are they going to do their mandatory military service in South Korea. But judging by their tweets, they have been overwhelmed and even in tears at the success of their single. Even the South Korean President, Moon Jae-in tweeted to call it a "splendid feat." BTS keep in contact with their fans - or "ARMY" - on social media. It's a constant conversation with a stream of pictures and videos. This year, more than any other, it seems that may have proved invaluable connection for both the band and their followers. Congratulations on the success of Dynamite. How does it feel to rise through the world charts including in the UK? RM: We are so humbled to achieve all these incredible feats, including the Official Singles Chart. A big thank you to our ARMY! "Dynamite" was created in the hopes of bringing some vibrant energy that the world needs right now. We are extremely happy to see people around the world enjoying it. Jung Kook: Thank you ARMY for being so awesome! You said that "due to Covid-19, people in the world have been going through tough times and you wanted to share some positive energy with your fans". Do you feel the final product has achieved that goal? RM: We would dare say that it has, to some extent! The only thing we want for them is to forget everything and just rock their head and move their body to the beat. One of the real joys of BTS is seeing you perform live. I can speak from experience that it is electric. How are you coping without those live performances? Suga: Our world tour plans had to be altered due to COVID-19 and honestly we felt dispirited. We missed the stage and our fans. In order to alleviate this sense of frustration, we planned an online concert in June. Even though we couldn't see each other in person, our fans' heartfelt support from all around the world reached us. This made us realise that there are various ways to support and comfort each other even such times. Did you enjoy the disco element to the track? J-hope: Because we are not the disco generation, I did my research by watching videos and tried to embody that vibe as much as possible. It was really fun and had me hooked. Haven't you been hooked as well? How difficult has this year been for you as a band? Jimin: It's been a tough year for everyone, and we're not an exception either. We were unable to do many things that we had planned. And as artists who need to connect with people on stage, this was most disheartening. But we are finding ways to cope with this situation, and "Dynamite" was one way for us to do that. Can we talk a bit about your donation to Black Lives Matter. Why did you decide to donate the money? And what was your reaction when you saw your fans had matched the donation? RM: We think our Twitter message speaks for itself. We stand against racial discrimination and condemn violence, and all have the right to be respected. We were really thankful to know that the fans were also with us. Why after all these years did you decide to release a song in English? V: We all loved this song when we first heard it. It felt fresh, different from what we've done so far. In a musical aspect, we thought that singing in English will best fit the song. So there was a unanimous consent amongst us to do it in English. What message do you have for fans who are struggling around the world? Jin: I'm not sure if this can be of any help, but I want to tell you to cheer up and stay strong no matter how hard life is now. Let's try to find together our small joys in the midst of this. Also, listen to Dynamite that will make your time at home more fun!

एक ऐसे वर्ष में जब दुनिया का अधिकांश हिस्सा ठप हो गया है, बीटीएस अलग है। दुनिया भर के कुछ सबसे बड़े मंचों पर लाइव प्रदर्शन करने और अपनी इलेक्ट्रिक कोरियोग्राफी दिखाने में असमर्थ, उन्होंने एक नया दृष्टिकोण अपनायाः डिस्को।


South Carolina shooting: What the videos shows

Summary: A police officer has been charged with murder after a bystander's video showed him shooting a man as he ran away. So what exactly does this video - and a second video later released by police - show us?

THE TRAFFIC STOP It was about 0930 local time when 50-year-old Walter Scott was stopped for a traffic violation - a broken brake light - by police officer Michael Slager in North Charleston, South Carolina. A police dashcam video released late on Thursday shows the officer speaking at the driver's window of a Mercedes-Benz. There is a passenger who has not been identified. The officer requests Mr Scott's licence and registration. As Mr Slager returns to his cruiser to check the identification, Mr Scott opens the car door, gets out and then gets back in. Then he opens the door again and runs away and out of the picture, with the officer in pursuit. The bystander's video begins seconds later. THE SHOOTING In this video, filmed by passer-by Feidin Santana and made public on Tuesday, we first see Mr Slager and Mr Scott standing close to one another. There is a small scuffle between the men and something is seen falling to the ground. Mr Slager claimed Mr Scott tried to grab his Taser. Mr Santana later said he saw Mr Scott trying to defend himself against the officer firing the Taser at him. "He was just trying to get away from the Taser, that's all he did," Mr Santana told the BBC. "He never tried to take the Taser away and put it to the cop, or try to fight with the cop. No, the cop had control of the situation." The footage then shows Mr Scott running away from the Mr Slager and the officer draws his gun and fires eight times at Mr Scott's back. Mr Scott slumps to the ground. Mr Slager walks over to where Mr Scott is lying and says into his radio: "Shots fired and the subject is down, he grabbed my Taser." He shouts at Mr Scott: "Put your hands behind your back." Walter Scott shooting THE AFTERMATH Mr Slager then handcuffs Mr Scott, who is lying face down and appears to be motionless. The officer jogs back to where the two men scuffled, about 30ft (9m) away. He picks something up from the ground - said to be the Taser - and walks back over to drop it by the body of Mr Scott. Another police officer has now arrived and calls over the radio for assistance as he kneels by Mr Scott's body. As he does so, Mr Slager picks up the object from the ground and returns it to its holster. The second officer then leaves the scene and Mr Slager seems to check Mr Scott's pulse in his neck. By now, police sirens can be heard. The video ends and then resumes, apparently moments later, with more police at the scene. One of them has medical equipment. WHAT THE OFFICER SAID HAPPENED Mr Slager's lawyer at the time, David Aylor, released a statement on Monday saying the officer felt threatened and that Mr Scott had tried to grab the stun gun. Mr Scott's family said they were told after the shooting, before the video came to light, that the police had acted in accordance with procedure. When the video emerged, Mr Aylor resigned as Mr Slager's lawyer and the police took swift action. North Charleston Mayor Keith Summey said the officer had made a "bad decision". THE PERSON WHO FILMED IT Mr Santana, whose video led to the murder charge against the officer, began filming after seeing Mr Slager chasing Mr Scott toward an empty patch of ground. "I tried to get over there to see what was going to happen when they went to an empty spot... especially police against a black person," he told the BBC. Mr Santana said Mr Slager only became aware of him filming after he had shot Mr Scott. "You don't shoot a person in the back trying to run away from you," he said. "You have to try everything. That person was not a threat to the police officer." Mr Santana tried to contact Mr Scott's family via Facebook and passed a still from the video to a member of the Black Lives Matter campaign, launched in response to the police killing of Michael Brown last year. Community spokespeople in North Charleston have described Mr Santana as a hero and questioned what would have happened without the video evidence.

एक पुलिस अधिकारी पर हत्या का आरोप लगाया गया है जब एक राहगीर के वीडियो में उसे एक आदमी को गोली मारते हुए दिखाया गया है क्योंकि वह भाग गया था। तो यह वीडियो-और बाद में पुलिस द्वारा जारी किया गया दूसरा वीडियो-हमें वास्तव में क्या दिखाता है?


The Democratic Republic of Style

Summary: When you got dressed this morning, how much thought did you put into your clothes? Probably not as much as a group of young men in Kinshasa who, despite living on one of the world's poorest countries, are obsessed with designer labels and fashion.

By Mike WendlingBBC News Six Lokoto comes striding across the square in front of Kinshasa's central train station, holding the hand of his minister. A more unlikely pair you could not imagine - Six, a modern-day hipster dandy, dressed in a top hat, smartly tailored black coat, red hoodie, silver pendant hanging around his neck, and, well, his minister. "I have always known I was a Sapeur," Six says. "You feel it from the day you are born." A Sapeur - a member of La Sape - the Society of Ambience-Makers and Elegant People. Six is the Sapeur captain. He's just back from the catwalks of Paris, and as we sip cold bottles of Primus beer in the midday heat he explains the Sape way of life. Learning the style and attitudes of an elegant person, he says, is like studying for a doctorate in philosophy at the Sorbonne. "It is a spiritual experience," he says. "It is like a religion." I look at his minister, who's beaming - he obviously doesn't consider this blasphemous in the slightest. As I found out, nearly everyone in Kinshasa loves the Sapeurs. The economy in the Democratic Republic of Congo is growing at a rapid clip. People are getting wealthier. And when people have more money they spend it on more and better food, mobile phone credit, beer, going out to nightclubs and, of course, on clothes. The next day I visit Six at his home - a small room in the dusty district of Matonge, filled with tin-roofed shacks, crumbling shops and dirt roads. It's 30 minutes and a world away from the gleaming new buildings in Kinshasa's Centre-ville. So wouldn't it be an idea to spend a bit less on clothes and a bit more on slightly more salubrious digs? "Nothing," says Six, "is more important than fashion." In his small room he yanks a suitcase out from under the bed, unzips it and pours out a stream of dozens of pairs of shoes, carefully picking the ones he'd like to show off. The same with shirts, jackets, coats - he finally settles on khaki overalls, a leather jacket, jeans studded with pins and jewellery and some designer wellington boots - a combination that really shouldn't work at all but at the same time is absolutely perfect. Some other Sapeurs last year got to star in a popular ad campaign for a famous beer brand. Those mostly older men were from Brazzaville, the capital city of the Republic of Congo just across the river. Between the two groups of Sapeurs there is the intense rivalry of neighbours. They even hold regular competitions, a combination fashion show and dance-off. Of the Brazzaville Sapeurs, Six is scathing: "They are about cheap clothes," he says. "We are expensive. They are like secretaries - we are the bosses." Kinshasa's Sapeurs are younger, their style more cutting edge, with influences from high fashion to hip-hop. Once Six is dressed to the nines we travel to a nearby square - his mates show up dressed in tuxedos with fluorescent patterned jackets, fur coats, and costumes that would not look out of place on a guard at the Tower of London. They strut and bounce, dance and flounce. Everyone stops to stare, and when they are ready to have serious fun they lead an impromptu parade through the streets of Matonge. Rush-hour traffic comes to a halt. People come out of their houses and jump up from their chairs at roadside cafes. Football games are abandoned. Kids start to whistle and shout. Within minutes we are in the middle of a crowd of hundreds. Young men sing: "We love the Sapeurs." It is chaos - unbridled pride and joy. Now of course, I should point out that this is a country where civil war still rages a thousand miles to the east - where the democratic transition is quite arguably neither democratic nor a transition. Six weeks ago anger at President Kabila turned in to riots in which nearly 50 people were killed. The Sapeurs weren't strutting then - nobody was. There are terrible problems here with HIV, illegal mining, and of course all that stuff that kills poor people just because they're poor: malaria, stomach bugs, car accidents, childbirth. That's reality of course. But so is this. Night has fallen in Kinshasa. At club Why Not, Six and his friends have arrived. The bass from this club, and from dozens of clubs all around, is thumping away like heavy rain. We go in and immediately the DJ is shouting to the Sapeurs. Somebody buys a bottle of whisky. And the Sapeurs and the Congolese who love them are in the mood. They're set to dance all night. Photos by Manuel Toledo How to listen to From Our Own Correspondent: BBC Radio 4: Saturdays at 11:30 and Thursdays at 11:02 GMT Listen online or download the podcast. BBC World Service: At weekends - see World Service programme schedule. For more on the BBC's A Richer World, go to www.bbc.com/richerworld- or join the discussion on Twitter #BBCRicherWorld More from the Magazine The ad that made Sapeurs famous Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

जब आपने आज सुबह कपड़े पहने, तो आपने अपने कपड़ों के बारे में कितना सोचा? शायद किन्शासा के युवाओं के एक समूह के रूप में नहीं, जो दुनिया के सबसे गरीब देशों में से एक में रहने के बावजूद, डिजाइनर लेबल और फैशन के प्रति जुनूनी हैं।


'What have white people ever done for us?'

Summary: In a week of angry demonstrations and soul-searching following the fatal shootings of two black men by police officers, and five police officers by a black gunman, the issue of race is again centre stage in US national debate.

By BBC TrendingWhat's popular and why These tensions have been reflected in several social media trends that express solidarity with the African-American community, notably the #BlackLivesMatter hashtag which has become the rallying cry for an active protest movement. But in the last couple of days the double-edged use of newer tags such as #WhitePrivilegeMeans and #WhiteInventions has revealed further divisions and nuances when it comes to question of race. On Monday morning #WhiteInventions was one of the top trends on Twitter in the US and was used more than 30,000 times. An early tweet widely shared using the hashtag came from Whitey McPrivilege, an account, which as its name might suggest, prides itself in annoying liberals. In the tweet Mr McPrivilege called on "caucasiophobes" to pipe down and be grateful for all the wonderful inventions that he credited to white people. If this was intended to provoke a reaction then it worked. Some people responded in kind by posting that the first pinhole camera was invented by Arab physicist Ibn al-Haytham in 1021 AD. Others suggested that some of the discoveries on the McPrivilege list depended heavily on the pioneering investigation of algebra by the 9th Century Persian mathematician, Muhammad Al-Khwarizmi. But there were several people who expressed support for the sentiments of Whitey McPrivilege. However, the tag was soon taken over, and given a sardonic spin. This sort of hashtag hijacking was not an isolated case. Over the weekend #WhitePrivilegeMeans was used more 340,000 times mostly by people wishing to express the sentiment that non-whites get a significantly worse deal from US society than whites. Others mentioned Dylann Roof, the man accused of gunning down nine people inside a historic black church in South Carolina in 2015, who was bought a Burger King meal by police while he was in custody. However several people used the tag to say that such a privilege does not exist and that it was time it stopped being mentioned. Perhaps needless to say when views are as polarised as those revealed by the 'white' hashtags then statistics put up by one side are disputed by the other. The statistical basis for the above tweet, for example, is contested by Sam Sinyangwe, who is a researcher who started the Mapping Police Violence project. He told the BBC: "Black people are three times more likely to be killed by police in the United States than white people. More unarmed black people were killed by police than unarmed white people in 2014. And that's taking into account the fact that black people are only 14% of the population here." However, a new study, spanning 10 years and looking at more than 1,000 cases, released by Harvard University, stated that while black men and women are more likely to be "touched, handcuffed, pushed to the ground or pepper-sprayed by a police officer", there was no evidence of intended racial bias when it came to shootings by police officers. But whatever the figures underlying the existence or non-existence of "white privilege" some on social media feel the outbreak of racially-slanted hashtags is not doing anybody any good. Blog by Megha Mohan Next story Syrian forces intervene during online broadcast Syrian government forces interrupt and question a local journalist while he is live broadcasting READ MORE You can follow BBC Trending on Twitter @BBCtrending, and find us on Facebook. All our stories are at bbc.com/trending.

पुलिस अधिकारियों द्वारा दो अश्वेत पुरुषों और एक अश्वेत बंदूकधारी द्वारा पांच पुलिस अधिकारियों की घातक गोलीबारी के बाद गुस्से में प्रदर्शनों और आत्म-खोज के एक सप्ताह में, नस्ल का मुद्दा फिर से अमेरिकी राष्ट्रीय बहस में केंद्र बिंदु है।


Flintshire man, 41, dies in A548 recovery vehicle crash

Summary: A 41-year-old man has died following a crash between a recovery vehicle and a Nissan Qashqai towing a caravan.

The collision happened on the A548 Coast Road, near Holywell, Flinshire, at about 10:05 BST. The man who died was the driver of the flatbed recovery vehicle, and was local to the area. North Wales Police said they are investigating and are appealing for any witnesses.

एक रिकवरी वाहन और एक कारवां को खींचने वाली निसान काश्काई के बीच दुर्घटना में एक 41 वर्षीय व्यक्ति की मौत हो गई है।


M1 and M25 junction closed in lorry fire

Summary: A stretch of the M1 and a sliproad for the M25 have been closed in a lorry fire which has led to 20 miles of traffic queues.

The M1 southbound sliproad at junction 6a, for the M25, has been closed since about 06:00 BST. Police, fire and highways officers are on the scene and drivers have been asked to avoid the area. Queues on the southbound carriageway are reported to be tailing back to junction 11 for Luton. Hertfordshire Police said a "multi-agency" operation was under way to reopen the route. Highways England warned that drivers could face queues of an hour, with "normal" traffic conditions not anticipated until about 17:30. Find BBC News: East of England on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. If you have a story suggestion email eastofenglandnews@bbc.co.uk

एम1 के एक हिस्से और एम25 के लिए एक स्लिपरोड को एक लॉरी की आग में बंद कर दिया गया है जिसके कारण 20 मील तक यातायात की कतारें लग गई हैं।


Swindon fire: Man in his 40s dies and four rescued

Summary: A man in his 40s has died after a fire in a first-floor flat, police have said.

Four people and a dog were rescued from flats in Welcombe Avenue in Swindon, Wiltshire, at about 10:15 GMT on Sunday. Wiltshire Police said the man's death was not being treated as suspicious but inquiries into the cause of the fire were continuing. All flats within the building have been evacuated as a precaution. Residents have been offered shelter at the nearby Buckhurst Community Centre in Burghley Close. Related Internet Links Wiltshire Police Dorset & Wiltshire Fire Service

पुलिस ने कहा है कि पहली मंजिल के फ्लैट में आग लगने से 40 साल के एक व्यक्ति की मौत हो गई है।


Will TfL's statistics exorcise the 'ghost town'?

Summary: Has the London 'ghost town' disappeared?

Tom EdwardsTransport correspondent, London@BBCTomEdwardson Twitter Certainly Transport for London's (TfL) latest figures suggest footfall in the West End is up. Compared to a year ago, TfL's figures show there was a 27% increase in passengers using stations in the West End on Saturday night. There will be surprise at that from some businesses, particularly those that don't cater to the particular peccadilloes of Olympic tourists. But you can almost feel the relief from TfL. Message change It was under considerable pressure (and still is from some - particularly the black cab trade) after accusations it had over-cooked the transport warning messages. In the middle of last week it changed the message to one promoting central London. TfL says: "The sorts of patterns we are seeing are all consistent with previous Games. "Sydney, Athens and Vancouver all experienced similar patterns." The figures show that on 3 August, London Underground carried an all-time record of 4.4m people, compared with 3.7m on an average day in the same week last year. I used the Tube on Friday. It was busy - but not that busy. The difference at the moment seems to be the rush hour has spread out over the day and commuters have staggered their journeys. Bosses at TfL told me they do not think the Tube could have coped on Friday if they had all those passengers as well as commuters. Economic debate The transport plan - to ask (or scare?) Londoners to change their habits - to make room for spectators seems to have worked, in that we have not had too many big transport problems compounded by large crowds. The debate over whether the plan was the correct one is another matter. The fact is the system worked pretty well. Even the independent passenger watchdog London TravelWatch agrees with that. The economic debate is also very interesting if, in my view, only partly linked to transport. A number of politicians have claimed the Olympics would bring an economic benefit to London - contrary to previous evidence that shows most cities suffer a net loss in tourism short-term when they hold the Games. While I'm sure local transport is part of that debate - putting the blame solely onto it for scaring people away is simplistic. Other factors come into play including the recession, high room costs at some hotels, high flight prices and the preferences of Olympic tourists. Also don't forget the 'main' attraction is a brand new Olympic Park miles away from the centre of London. If you come to London to watch the Olympics that's where you'll be heading. Let me know your thoughts…

क्या लंदन का 'भूतिया शहर' गायब हो गया है?