High hopes in Margate for Turner Contemporary art gallery boost

Summary: Margate was once one of the most popular seaside resorts in Britain. But with the advent of cheap package holidays and guaranteed sunshine abroad it lost a lot of its appeal and became more of a ghost town.

Louise StewartPolitical editor, South East While it still boasts some of the best beaches in the country the town has been struck by a series of unfortunate incidents in recent years. In 2003 fire destroyed two seaside arcades, and then in 2008 another attraction - the Grade II Listed Scenic Railway - was also severely damaged by a fire. It also has the unenviable title of Britain's top "ghost town" - a recent report on the number of High Street shops closing revealed that Margate had the highest proportion, with 37.4% of shops boarded up. Now, as Margate prepares for the opening of the Turner Contemporary art gallery this weekend, hopes are high that it will do for the town what Frank Gehry's Guggenheim Museum has done for the fortunes of Bilbao in Northern Spain. Closer to home the use of culture and the arts has also become increasingly common in the regeneration process. The arts and regeneration The North East is one of the leading examples of how it can have a positive impact. The development of the Sage music venue and Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art in Gateshead have shown that unique cultural projects like these can not only boost visitors to an area but also help create environmental, economic and social benefits. The Minister for Arts and Culture, Ed Vaizey MP, says that "culture makes a fantastic contribution to regeneration throughout the country", and has pledged to support the South Thanet MP Laura Sandys' campaign for seaside towns, like Margate, to be marketed as all-year-round destinations. Margate is fortunate that it's been able to attract one of the world's leading architects, David Chipperfield, to design the Turner Contemporary. He is clear that a building itself can't be responsible for the regeneration of a place. Instead, he says you should build a cultural building because you want a cultural building and it must be a building which can be enjoyed by the community. The gallery, which is a tribute to the artist JMW Turner, stands on the exact spot of the guesthouse he used to stay in on his many trips to the seaside resort. It also makes the most of the sea views and the northern light which Turner described as the "loveliest in all Europe" and so inspired his work. The gallery won't have a permanent collection but will have at least one work by Turner (loaned from another gallery) on show at all times. But will that be enough to encourage visitors not just from all over Kent but from London and much further afield? Well, there certainly seems to be a buzz around town about the gallery, which has generated a huge amount of publicity for the area with dozens of newspaper and online articles. BBC South East will be running special reports this week and will broadcast live from the Turner on Friday evening. The gallery will be opened by Margate's most famous daughter and leading artist Tracey Emin. She believes the development of the Turner gallery is a chance for Margate to be forward thinking again. Emin says that with his creation Chipperfield is "not just creating an art gallery but a phoenix that will raise Margate out of the ashes". Culture and commerce It's a tall order to expect any one building to be able to help regenerate a whole town. But at a time when government funding to the arts has been cut by almost 30% it's significant that the Arts Council England, the South East England Development Agency and Kent County Council are all among the bodies which have provided the £17m funding for the gallery. Emin is convinced that "wherever the arts go, commerce always follows". Residents in Margate, which has so much riding on the success of the new gallery, will hope that she's right and the opening of the Turner marks a new, brighter chapter for the seaside town.

मार्गेट कभी ब्रिटेन में सबसे लोकप्रिय समुद्र तटीय रिसॉर्ट्स में से एक था। लेकिन सस्ते पैकेज छुट्टियों और विदेशों में गारंटीकृत धूप के आगमन के साथ इसने अपनी बहुत अधिक अपील खो दी और एक भूतिया शहर बन गया।


The spies in a suburban bungalow

Summary: The 1961 story of the Portland spy ring reads like a Cold War thriller - Soviet agents with assumed identities, a secret radio transmitter and microdots hidden in books. But the story didn't play out in West Berlin or Washington DC, but in an unassuming bungalow in the London suburb of Ruislip.

By Vincent DowdWitness, BBC World Service Cranley Drive, Ruislip, is a street like hundreds of others in London's outer suburbs. It can't have changed much since, in the mid-1950s, Peter and Helen Kroger bought their home. The house was a bungalow. But it would have seemed big enough for the middle-aged Canadian couple with no children. Initially, Peter Kroger ran an antiquarian bookshop on the Strand in the centre of London. Eventually, however, he worked from home, dispatching parcels around the world. The house is the last one on the street before it narrows to become a small path for pedestrians. Behind stands a large garden and then a sports field. Hedges keep out prying eyes. An observer positioned on the street outside, on foot or in a car, would be obvious at once. When the Krogers - whose real names were Morris and Lona Cohen, and who were both American citizens - moved in as a cover for their clandestine operations they must quickly have spotted the one gap in security. The house across the way partially overlooked their front door. The danger needed neutralising. Helen Kroger clearly decided to employ her considerable social skills to strike up an intimate friendship with the family who lived there - the Searches. Gay Search was to go on to a successful career in journalism and broadcasting. Her memories of what happened when she was 15 remain sharp. "Helen Kroger could be an extraordinary presence for that time and that place," says Search. "She was loud and brash and everything always seemed a big drama. Even the fact she wore trousers was unusual for a woman then. I remember her whistling all the way down Cranley Drive through two fingers. When you're 15 that sort of thing seems pretty exotic. "Ruislip was the dullest of suburbs in those days - nothing happened whatsoever. But for all that it was a good place for me and my elder brother Phil to grow up. My father worked in the aircraft industry and my mother had been a cook, but by then she was full-time at home." She describes Peter Kroger as a quiet, bookish man, but the Search family didn't see him as much as they did Helen. "Looking back she must have come into our house almost every weekday to have a chat with my mum," says Search. "Though we never saw her at weekends." It was only later that Search realised why the Krogers disappeared at the weekend - it was then that Gordon Lonsdale came to call. Lonsdale was actually Konon Molody, a Russian who ran a spying operation at the Admiralty Underwater Weapons Establishment at Portland in Dorset. Secret information supplied by civil servants Harry Houghton and Ethel Gee, who worked at Portland, gave Moscow details of British advances in underwater weapons and detection systems. Lonsdale communicated with Moscow through a radio transmitter hidden at Cranley Drive and photos of documents were reduced to microdots and sent abroad inside antiquarian books. It was an audacious set-up. Search recalls Helen Kroger owning a big and expensive camera, a rarity in 1950s Britain. "She was always saying, 'Oh I have a roll of film to finish so let's take a few snaps.' The funny thing is she was terrible at it - she was forever missing off your head or just photographing feet." On 5 November 1960, the phone rang at the Searches' house. "It was Special Branch and they wanted to come and talk to mum and dad. It was made very clear we shouldn't tell anyone they'd approached us," says Search. "The men who came around showed us a picture of Gordon Lonsdale and asked if we'd seen him - which we hadn't. Then one of the MI5 guys borrowed my bike and cycled to where Lonsdale usually parked. He came back and said Lonsdale was definitely around so could they put two agents upstairs in my tiny bedroom to watch over the street? "On the Sunday morning, one of them had come downstairs with a coffee cup when he and mum saw the front door open over the way. Gordon Lonsdale emerged from the house, threw a look over his shoulder and disappeared down the footpath. So that was the start of it. After the first weekend the agents who came were female. "Someone had worked out that an endless stream of men entering the house with just my mother at home might seem a bit odd. All this went on for two months, in daylight hours only. Hardly anyone had central heating then and it was winter - so the women would come and sit in the kitchen with my mum. "On one occasion it was only as they heard the back-gate rattle that they realised Helen was almost in the house. They dashed into the downstairs bathroom but one of them left her handbag on the floor. Mum saw it just in time and said to Helen, 'Oh that daughter of mine, she never puts anything away!'" Ruth Search was now involved in an extraordinary game of pretence with Helen Kroger. "It's astounding that Mum was so effective. I think at first it wasn't clear to my parents that the Krogers were a big part of the investigation. Bit by bit MI5 let mum see that Peter and Helen weren't the people they claimed to be. "It was a different time. In the Cold War people were more inclined to go along with what the authorities said. They didn't question as much. "But in a way it also became a game of wits. Mum knew Helen had lied to her and was still lying. I think mum's attitude was well two can play at that game. "Phil and I didn't know much at the time but we'd worked out it had to be drugs or espionage. I remember once in the kitchen Phil was fooling about doing a Russian dance, kicking his legs up. He thought it was hilarious but mum really lost it." By the start of 1961, MI5 felt the Krogers were getting twitchy and might try to escape. On 7 January Houghton and Gee were picked up in central London and then the Krogers were arrested at home with Lonsdale. "The next morning Phil and I were sitting revising for exams in the dining room. Jim Skardon, who ran the operation, came in and leant against the sideboard. He said, 'You'll be glad to hear you won't be seeing us after today. We arrested Mr and Mrs Kroger last night.' "When I look back it's extraordinary that two teenagers kept a big secret for two months." Peter and Helen Kroger were given long prison sentences. But in 1969 they were released in a prisoner swap with the USSR. As early as 1964, the film Ring of Spies had dramatised the case. Then in 1971 Hugh Whitemore wrote Act of Betrayal for BBC television, in 1983 adapting it for the stage as Pack of Lies. Judi Dench played a version of Gay's mother. More from the Magazine Gay Search visited Helen Kroger in prison six months before the couple were released. "It was a slightly bizarre conversation, and at the end Helen said she would never forgive my mother for what she'd done. I said, 'Oh come on what choice did she have?' Helen genuinely believed mum should have told her we'd been approached." Gay thinks her mother never got over the strain of weeks spent lying to a neighbour she thought she knew well. Ruth Search died in 1970 at the age of 62. Listen to Vincent Dowd's programme, Spies in Suburbia, on BBC iPlayer Radio Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

पोर्टलैंड जासूसी रिंग की 1961 की कहानी एक शीत युद्ध थ्रिलर की तरह पढ़ती है-सोवियत एजेंट जिनकी अनुमानित पहचान है, एक गुप्त रेडियो ट्रांसमीटर और किताबों में छिपे हुए सूक्ष्म बिंदु। लेकिन कहानी पश्चिम बर्लिन या वाशिंगटन डी. सी. में नहीं, बल्कि लंदन के उपनगर रुइस्लिप के एक साधारण बंगले में दिखाई दी।


Traps set after first Rousay stoat sighting in Orkney

Summary: Traps have been set on the island of Rousay in Orkney after a stoat was sighted for the first time.

Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) has started a rapid response trapping programme in the area where the stoat was reported. Stoats are not a native species in Orkney, but were first spotted back in 2010. SNH said it was essential the animals were not allowed to colonise the outlying islands. There is concern that they threaten ground nesting birds and the Orkney vole, which is an important source of food for hen harriers and short-eared owls.

ओर्कनी में रौसे द्वीप पर पहली बार एक छड़ी देखे जाने के बाद जाल बिछाया गया है।


Missing the old Gypsy orchestras

Summary: People speak of the "Roma" thinking it's polite, but when it comes to music, the old word "Gypsy" is much more widely used, and many Roma today are proud of their Gypsy music traditions. But how much of that music is left in the modern world?

By Nick ThorpeBBC News, Hungary Antal Dragic - known as Uncle Tony to his friends - is feeding his pigeons when I arrive. It's a typical Balkan scene at dusk - a crumbling single-storey house, backing onto a courtyard, with a gnarled pear or plum tree in the middle, a pile of half-chopped wood, a lazy cat asleep on top of an old cupboard, and a sudden flurry of wings. He leads me through his kitchen, past a parrot and a photo of himself on the wall, much younger, in an ironed white shirt, cradling a double bass. Installed on an ancient sofa, he takes me through a pile of black-and-white photographs, of the Gypsy orchestras of yore. "I turn on the radio now," he laments, "but there's no music worth listening to. If the old guys were to wake from the dead, and hear this trash, they'd smash their instruments!" Uncle Tony is a Gypsy, and proud of the name - one of the last survivors of the great dynasties of Hungarian Gypsy musicians in Subotica, a town in the north of Serbia. This was the capital of Hungarian Gypsy music in the old Yugoslavia - they gloried in a country where every restaurant worthy of the name had live music until dawn. "When I was born, my grandmother put a bow in my hand, and that's how I came to play the double bass," he explains. There were several streets where only musician families lived. Tony had his own band from the age of 14. The children gathered each afternoon in the streets with their violins. They knew the birthdays of all the prominent people, and serenaded outside their homes, in the hope of food, drink, or small change for cinema tickets. That music has all but died out now, he laments. "There's no demand for it in the restaurants, and those who once sponsored it, the managers of the big restaurants and hotels, are no longer with us." Hungarian folk music and Hungarian Gypsy music overlap - though just how much is a matter of controversy. When the composers Bela Bartok and Zoltan Kodaly set out through the countryside collecting folk music at the beginning of the 20th Century, the villagers told them they would fetch the Gypsies to play it for them. "No, we don't want to hear Gypsy music, we want Hungarian music," cried the composers. "But only the Gypsies can play it," explained the exasperated peasants. The music the tribes of Gypsies brought with them as they straggled across Europe from India in the Middle Ages, was strongly influenced by the music of the countries they passed through. They became masters of it all, developing a Gypsy style of their own. That thrived under the patronage of the landed gentry between the wars, was revived under Communism, but is now withering on the vine. Miki Lukacs guides me round the Talentum Rajko building, near Budapest's East Station. He's probably Hungary's most famous player of the cimbalom, a sort of hammer dulcimer, which looks a bit like the inside of a piano and is played with astonishing results with two rods with what looks like candy floss on the ends. This was the building where, from the mid-1950s, the Communist authorities encouraged Gypsy music. Young children were brought here from poor villages and taught music, discipline, and foreign languages, and when they finished they were guaranteed a job. The state-run National Entertainment Centre allotted them a restaurant, night after night. And the grand boulevards of Budapest swarmed with restaurants in the 1960s and 70s. Under Communism, an average Hungarian family could afford to eat out once a week, and the fiery music on offer was as important as the fiery dishes, washed down with ample quantities of brandy and wine. That world died overnight with the return of capitalism. The new owners cut costs, and families couldn't afford the new bills. Some musicians found refuge in jazz, Miki explains. But about half gave up music altogether, he reckons. "And got jobs as security guards, or parking attendants." A good proportion of Hungarian jazz musicians today are of Roma origin. There's a famous 100-member Gypsy orchestra in Budapest, and bands of Hungarian Gypsies still play the ballrooms of luxury cruise liners - and roam the decks, looking nostalgically homewards to their land-locked country. And music schools try to teach young musicians to present their talents on social-media, as well as on stage. "Music opens your soul to another world," says Miki Lukacs. It can also heal the one you're in. As a child he suffered from terrible migraines. A thoughtful doctor prescribed the cimbalom - his father's instrument. The sweet sound of the hammers on the metal strings dissolved the pain. Black and white photographs courtesy of the Lakatos family archive, Subotica Nick Thorpe's seven part documentary film series on Roma communities across Europe - A Gadjo in Romanistan - begins 16 March on Duna TV How to listen to From Our Own Correspondent: BBC Radio 4: Saturdays at 11:30 and Thursdays at 11:02 GMT Listen online or download the podcast. BBC World Service: At weekends - see World Service programme schedule or listen online. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

लोग यह सोचकर "रोमा" की बात करते हैं कि यह विनम्र है, लेकिन जब संगीत की बात आती है, तो पुराना शब्द "जिप्सी" बहुत अधिक व्यापक रूप से उपयोग किया जाता है, और कई रोमा आज अपनी जिप्सी संगीत परंपराओं पर गर्व करते हैं। लेकिन आधुनिक दुनिया में वह संगीत कितना बचा है?


Eccleston family tell of meeting to hear mercy deaths plan

Summary: Eighty-year-old Mavis Eccleston faced a murder trial when she survived a pact to take her life and the life of her terminally ill husband Dennis. Her children have spoken to the BBC of events that led to her court case and subsequent acquittal.

Kevin Eccleston realised there was something wrong with his dad as they walked to watch their beloved Wolverhampton Wanderers play Leeds in April 2015. "We were walking to the ground and my dad just said: 'I can't make it'. I had to take him home." His father, a retired miner, was an extremely proud man - it took a lot for him to admit he was poorly. When he finally did go to hospital for the debilitating pain he had been experiencing, it was too late. He was told he had bowel cancer, it was terminal and he had six to 12 months to live. Kevin Eccleston said he cried all the way home but his father was already thinking ahead. "He didn't want any treatment whatsoever," he said. "He just wanted to die his way, in his own time, in his own house. And then my mum decided she was going to go with him." Dennis Eccleston mentioned in conversation Dignitas, the Swiss organisation founded in 1998 which helps people with terminal and incurable illnesses to end their own lives. But there was never a plan to travel there. He and his wife wanted to remain in their Staffordshire home. Mavis and Dennis Eccleston met as teenagers. Mr Eccleston spotted her on the back of a motorbike and fell in love instantly. They went on to have three children. "My mum and dad just idolised each other, they did everything for each other," Kevin Eccleston said. "It wasn't lovey dovey, it was a proper, old fashioned relationship." 'Finish us off' Finding out Mr Eccleston was terminally ill was devastating for the family. Mrs Eccleston did not hesitate when her husband suggested they die together. In fact, they were so matter-of-fact about it, they called a family meeting. All their children were told about the plan. "They sat us down, explained what they were going to do," their son said. "They were going to take some tablets, and I was going to find them. "It would be a Tuesday. Every Tuesday, I took my mum shopping and that's how it was going to happen. I was going to find them once they'd committed suicide. "My dad said, 'once we've took the tablets and when you find us, if we're still alive, you've got to finish us off with a pillow'." Their son said his father made him promise he would, but that he never had any intention of carrying it out. "Every time for the next 12 months that I went down my mum and dad's I thought, 'is this the day I'm going to find them dead?'," he said. "I prayed every day my dad would die naturally." Their daughter, Joy Munns, begged her mum to reconsider. "She just held my hands, she looked me straight in the eyes and said 'I love you, I love you with all of my heart, Joy, but I want to be with your dad'." It was after one particularly harrowing night at their home in Cannock the couple decided it was time for them to carry out their plan. Mrs Eccleston said she woke up to what she described as a "wounded animal sound" and found her husband crying on the floor due to the pain he was in and because he had soiled himself. For the first time, she saw large growths on his body that he had hidden from her. "She [Mrs Eccleston] got him in the bath, cleaned him down, and crawled back to the chair," Mrs Munns said. But Mr Eccleston soiled himself a second time, broke down crying and urged his wife not to call an ambulance. This time, after a few months of him begging her "to go", she agreed. The house was cleaned so the family would not have to do anything when they were discovered. The Ecclestons then took the same amount of pills each and lay down in the living room. But the next thing Mrs Eccleston remembers is waking up in hospital. They had been found by an unsuspecting family member at their bungalow. Mr Eccleston was still alive but his life was hanging in the balance. They were put together in a ward and Mrs Eccleston began talking about the moment they had met. Their children said a tear ran down her husband's face as she spoke and he eventually died peacefully in the hospital in February 2018. The reality of Mr Eccleston's death had only begun sinking in, however, when the couple's children were asked to go into a side room at Stafford's County Hospital with some psychiatric nurses. "They'd been and had a talk with my mum and [said] she'd admitted to murdering my dad," Mrs Munns said. "I went round to my mum and said 'what the hell have you said to these nurses?' She said 'what, I've not said anything?' "Why would she say she murdered my Dad? Dad was on about going to Dignitas - we've all known they were going to commit suicide together." The police were called and Mrs Munns overheard on an officer's radio her mother was going to be arrested for her father's murder. "It was like living in a soap that was being over-dramatised. We'd just lost dad and now they were taking mum away to a prison cell. "She's only 4ft 10in, she's in a nightie, dressing gown and slippers and I was holding on to her, tears streaming down my face begging 'please don't take her'." Mrs Eccleston was charged with Mr Eccleston's murder. The trial in September 2019, where Mrs Eccleston was accused of giving her husband a potentially lethal dose of prescription medicine without his knowledge, took place at Stafford Crown Court over two weeks. But the jury believed her when she told them they had planned to die together and she was cleared of all charges. After the case ended, Mrs Munns called for a change in the law on assisted dying "so that dying people aren't forced to suffer, make plans in secret or ask loved ones to risk prosecution by helping them". The family continues to campaign with Dignity in Dying, a group which offers help to people who want to choose their own deaths. However, not everyone agrees with the campaign. Dr Gordon Macdonald, chief executive of Care Not Killing, an organisation which promotes palliative care and opposes euthanasia, said it was impossible not to be moved by the Ecclestons' story but using them to argue the case of a change in the current laws was wrong. "The current blanket ban on both [the suicide act and homicide legislation] has been reviewed more than 30 times by parliaments across the UK and the courts," he said. "Every time, they have rejected introducing a law that would deliberately treat disabled people, the terminally ill and those with chronic conditions differently in law, to the young and healthy." But the family will continue their campaign. "That word, 'murder'... that's not a word that belongs in our family," said Mrs Munns. "You just can't comprehend that your Mum has been charged with murdering your Dad when all it was [was] a love story that tragically went wrong." Mum and Dad's Suicide Pact, by Lee Stone, can be heard on BBC Radio WM on Tuesday at 10:00 GMT and then on BBC Sounds. Follow BBC West Midlands on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Send your story ideas to: newsonline.westmidlands@bbc.co.uk

अस्सी वर्षीय माविस एक्लेस्टन को हत्या के मुकदमे का सामना करना पड़ा जब वह अपनी और अपने गंभीर रूप से बीमार पति डेनिस की जान लेने के समझौते से बच गई। उसके बच्चों ने बीबीसी से उन घटनाओं के बारे में बात की जिनके कारण उसका अदालती मामला और बाद में बरी हो गया।


Austria presidential run-off: TV debate turns to 'slugfest'

Summary: Just two candidates, sitting opposite each other as the cameras roll, debating the issues ahead of Austria's presidential run-off election - with no moderator or topic list. Live on Sunday night prime-time TV. What could possibly go wrong?

By Claudia AllenBBC News The presenter on private Austrian channel ATV billed the debate as an "absolute TV-experiment!" but the results might not be what the broadcaster had hoped for, as political commentators described the debate as "embarrassing", a "slugfest" and "political mud-wrestling". So where did it all go wrong? We watched it so you don't have to. The format Candidates Alexander Van der Bellen, nominated by the Greens, and Norbert Hofer from the far-right Freedom Party faced off on a minimalist set; the water glasses and carafe, dark suits, plain table and countdown clock in the corner of the TV screen were reminiscent of a televised chess match from the 1970s, without the board. There was even a gong to mark the start and end of the 45-minute debate. The two men were introduced by a team of presenters and commentators from ATV, but there was no moderation and no agenda. The candidates themselves decided what to discuss. The insults After a civilised start and a clock counting down from 45 minutes, the level of debate gradually deteriorated. With 32 minutes to go the discussion turned to how much support their respective wives would offer. The atmosphere seemed noticeably testier and what started as a debate degenerated into something closer to a playground scrap. With 17 minutes to go both candidates were talking over each other. It did not take long before the jibes began. "It's my turn!" Key moments from Austrian debate Hofer: I didn't start my candidature with a lie, like you. Van der Bellen: That is actionable! Hofer: You can gladly sue me. Not long after, the far-right politician attacked Mr Van der Bellen's manner and accused him of "parroting on". Van der Bellen: I'm talking about Europe: E-U-R-O-P-E. Never heard of it? Hofer: My God the schoolmasterliness, Herr Doktor Van der Bellen. May I quickly say what I wanted to say before? Van der Bellen: If it's short Hofer: And if it's long? Van der Bellen: When it's long then no, because it's my turn. Mr Van der Bellen for his part repeatedly blurted out "ridiculous!" and cited a list of European political figures who, he said, supported his candidacy. At one point he resorted to a rude hand gesture to indicate how low was his opinion of his opponent. Mr Hofer hit back targeting the economics professor's professional experience. Hofer: How long have you worked in the economy? Van der Bellen: What's that got to do with anything? I can drive a car but I have never repaired one. Hofer: Oh, you have never worked in the economy? The far-right leader had briefly worked for Lauda Air as an engineer before turning to politics. As the debate drew to a close, commentator Thomas Hofer (no relation, of course) summed up proceedings for ATV's viewers: "Both disgraced themselves, the office of the president is damaged, that was kindergarten level." The verdict Austrian newspaper Kronen Zeitung described the debate as "embarrassing" and said that one might well ask after this "undignified farce": "And these two want to be president?" Meanwhile Sueddeutsche Zeitung concluded that "no-one emerged victorious from this political mud-wrestling". Writing in Der Standard, Colette Schmidt said the knowledge gained for viewers on the factual level was zero. The format was not to blame, she said, but you have to invite people who want to talk to each other. What's at stake Austrians vote on 22 May to choose one either Mr Hofer or Mr Van der Bellen to be their next president. Mr Hofer was the surprise winner of the first round vote on 24 April. Mr Van der Bellen came second, meaning that for the first time since World War Two the president will not come from one of Austria's two main political parties. While Austria's president is largely a ceremonial role in a parliamentary democracy, Mr Hofer has sparked controversy with his claim that he would, as president, use his power to dismiss the government of the day under certain circumstances.

केवल दो उम्मीदवार, एक-दूसरे के सामने बैठे हैं और कैमरे घूम रहे हैं, ऑस्ट्रिया के राष्ट्रपति चुनाव से पहले मुद्दों पर बहस कर रहे हैं-बिना किसी मध्यस्थ या विषय सूची के। रविवार की रात प्राइम-टाइम टीवी पर लाइव। संभवतः क्या गलत हो सकता है?


Channel migrants: Border Force intercepts boat carrying 22 people at Dover

Summary: A boat carrying 22 people has been intercepted off the coast off Dover.

Border Force said it was alerted to an inflatable boat travelling across the English Channel towards the coast at about 07:00 GMT. The Home Office said the 22 people onboard would be medically assessed before being interviewed by immigration officials. It is not known whether the people found are men or women, or what their ages or nationalities are. Follow BBC South East on Facebook, on Twitter, and on Instagram

डोवर के तट पर 22 लोगों को ले जा रही एक नाव को रोक लिया गया है।


Baileys Prize: Why do book awards keep changing their name?

Summary: It's all change in the world of literary prizes.

By Tim MastersEntertainment correspondent This year will be the last Women's Prize for Fiction has the word Baileys attached to it. The liqueur company, owned by Diageo, said it had "regretfully decided to make way for a new sponsor". Orange sponsored the award for 17 years up to 2012 before Baileys took over in 2014. How often do book prizes change their name? The shifting nature of commercial partnerships means that book prizes can often change their names every few years. It can just be a minor tweak - such as a simple change of prefix. But sometimes well-known prize names can be rendered suddenly unrecognisable. Up until 2015 the the most prestigious non-fiction prize was known as the Samuel Johnson Prize. In 2016 it became the Baillie Gifford Prize to reflect a new sponsorship deal. First awarded in 1999, it has also been known as the BBC Four Samuel Johnson Prize and then the BBC Samuel Johnson Prize for Non-Fiction. The Costa Book Awards started out as the Whitbread Awards in 1971 and only became known by their current name in 2006. The overall 2017 winner is announced this week. The best-known literary prize of them all, the Man Booker Prize, was founded by the Booker McConnell company in 1968. Investment company Man Group began its sponsorship in 2002 and retained Booker in the official title. What happened in the case of the Folio Prize? The Folio Prize is a new kid on the block in terms of book awards. It was first announced as the Literature Prize in 2011 amid a row about the decision by Man Booker Prizes judges that year to focus on "readability". It was the first major English language book prize open to writers from around the world. Under the sponsorship of The Folio Society, its first £40,000 accolade was handed out in 2014. After the 2015 award, the Folio Society announced that it would not renew its partnership. The prize took a year off in 2016 while it searched for a new sponsor and is back in 2017 as the Rathbones Folio Prize, with backing from Rathbone Investment Management. Andrew Kidd, co-founder of the Folio Prize and of digital book club Alexi, knows all about the challenge of changing sponsor. "We are a very young prize and we are still building public awareness," he says. "We haven't established ourselves enough to say we have a right to exist. We were born out of a particular moment." During its year off it was decided to open the fiction prize to any literary genre, including non-fiction. Mr Kidd says the search for a new sponsor wasn't as hard as he had expected. "Because we waited until we had our own USP [Unique Selling Point] it was not that difficult at all. We had a compelling story to tell." This year's winner will be announced on 24 May, with the Egyptian author Ahdaf Soueif as chair of the judging panel. So how easily will the Women's Prize for Fiction Book find a new sponsor? Its co-founder, novelist Kate Mosse, is, as you might expect, optimistic. "We feel very confident about attracting a new sponsor," she told the BBC. "We know that brands want to be associated with something that's inspirational... and we know customers like to be involved with companies that have some sort of social purpose." Mr Kidd agrees: "Even when it was the Orange Prize everybody knew what it was. They've been so successful at building that unique brand that I would imagine it will be relatively easy to find a sponsor." He said that having such a high profile advocate in Kate Mosse also puts them in a strong position. "There's no question that there's an important place for a prize that focuses on female voices," he added. "I would imagine that a lot of sponsors will be interested in associating themselves with something that has such a strong purpose." Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

साहित्यिक पुरस्कारों की दुनिया में यह सब बदलाव है।


Sunderland Parade of Sail marks Tall Ships festival end

Summary: Tall ships have set sail from Sunderland at the end of a five-day festival.

More than 50 ships from 16 different countries took part in the maritime event, which attracted more than a million visitors. HRH Princess Anne paid an official visit, and there were a number of land-based entertainments and activities. The ships left the River Wear in a Parade of Sail and headed off to Denmark, Norway and the Netherlands. Related Internet Links Tall Ships Sunderland Sunderland City Council

पांच दिवसीय उत्सव के अंत में सुंदरलैंड से लंबे जहाज रवाना हुए हैं।


Bid to attract young lorry drivers

Summary: From 10 September 18-year-olds will be allowed to drive lorries. Until now the minimum age for LGV drivers was 21 but the age has been lowered across the EU to try and encourage more young people into the industry.

By Debbie RandleNewsbeat reporter 18-year-old Adam works for his Dad's waste company. He's been helping out, knowing it would be a while before he got to drive the lorries himself. Until now. He said: "I was over the moon that I could do it. It's just better money, it's just better everything. It means more responsibility." An extra qualification has also been brought in to give more training to those wanting to get their licence. It's called a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC) and all professional lorry drivers will have to hold one. Adam says the lessons are hard: "They make you reverse into really tight gaps, it's quite nerve-wracking. "You've got to drive around narrow streets, you feel a bit worried about what you're doing. But it's all good." 'Driving experience' So even with all this extra training, is 18 still too young to get behind the wheel of a vehicle this size? Adam doesn't think so: "I should be alright because I've got more driving experience anyway. "Driving this means I should be a better driver for later on in the future." Jo Tanner from the Freight Transport Association (FTA) doesn't think it's too young either. She said: "You don't get many people trying to do a hand-brake turn in an HGV. "There are no boy racers behind the wheel of an HGV truck but there may well be behind the wheel of a souped-up hatchback." But the FTA is concerned about how many jobs are out there for those teenagers who get their licence. It says there are a lack of positions out there now. Jo says this should improve once the recession's over: "Sadly there have been an awful lot of redundancies in the industry, so when the recession is over we're concerned there'll be a severe skills shortage because the older drivers will have gone into retirement. "So having these younger drivers come in now and get trained up, so they'll be ready and raring to go when the jobs are there, is great news."

10 सितंबर से 18 साल के बच्चों को लॉरी चलाने की अनुमति होगी। अब तक एल. जी. वी. चालकों के लिए न्यूनतम आयु 21 थी, लेकिन ई. यू. में इस उद्योग में अधिक युवाओं को प्रोत्साहित करने के लिए आयु को कम कर दिया गया है।


Why Grampian is losing its unusual white fire engines, and other questions...

Summary: Scotland's eight regional fire and rescue services are to merge into a single Scottish Fire and Rescue Service on 1 April. But what exactly will be different if you ring 999? And what is the future for Grampian's unusual white fire engines?

By Emma AilesBBC Scotland When Grampian fire service announced on 1 April, 1998, that it was planning to paint all of its fire engines white, it had to reassure people it was not an April Fool's Day hoax. The decision in fact was based on a scientific study that showed that people find white and yellow the easiest colours to see at high speeds - and red and grey the hardest to make out. But fifteen years later, Grampian is set to lose its 55 distinctive white fire engines. They will be gradually phased out and replaced with regulation red after Scotland's eight regional fire services merge into one on 1 April. So what else will be changing? Here we answer eight questions about fire reform. What is happening? The government says it needs to find major savings in the fire service. As part of efforts to achieve this, Scotland's eight regional fire services - Dumfries & Galloway, Fife, Central Scotland, Grampian, Highlands & Islands, Lothian & Borders, Strathclyde, and Tayside - are being merged into one. The new body will be called the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service (SFRS). Instead of having eight of everything - eight fire chiefs, eight press offices, eight training centres - savings can be made by pooling resources into one, the government says. It says that making savings in this way will protect frontline staff and resources. The new headquarters will be in Perth, and there will be three operational 'hubs' in the north, west and east. Scotland's eight regional police forces are also being merged into one single force as part of the same reforms. So what happens if you call 999 after 1 April? According to Alasdair Hay, chief officer of the new single fire service, the public should not notice any difference post 1 April. 999 calls will still be put through to the same regional call centres, and fire fighters will be deployed in the same way. "We don't expect any big bang on April 1," says Alan Paterson of the Scottish Fire Union (SFU). "Fire engines will go out as normal. The same local fire-fighters are in place. The public should be oblivious to the changes." Changes to call centres could be looked at in the long term, a spokesperson for SFRS said. What will the new Scottish Fire and Rescue Service look like? If you look carefully, you might be able to spot small changes already. Work has already been started to change insignia, crests and branding at the regional services to the new SFRS logo. Many of the regional logos feature the same two thistles and a flame, but some have their own distinct crests. The Dumfries and Galloway crest features a unicorn and a stag, for example. How much is the government saving? The Scottish government expects to save £130m a year from police and fire reform combined after the first five years. From the Fire Service alone, ministers expect to save £25m a year once the reform process is complete. The process of merging the eight existing fire services together will cost money - early plans quoted a figure of £25m - but the government says that most of the costs will be covered by "early savings". The government will be providing £19m of funding over three years for the transition. Are firefighters' jobs under threat? The fire services in Scotland employ around 9,000 people, according to figures from March 2012. Fire unions have been promised that there will be no compulsory redundancies of either uniform or non-uniform staff. A process of offering voluntary redundancies has been going on for some time. On 1 April, all staff will be automatically transferred across to the new single fire service. "The fire fighters on the shop floor shouldn't see any difference," says Mr Paterson of the SFU. Are any buildings being sold off? A spokesperson for the SFRS said there are no plans at the moment to sell off any fire service buildings. However, it is possible that leases on buildings that are not owned by the fire service, for example some surplus training facilities, will be allowed to expire. Resources for dealing with chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear incidents, which are currently distributed across all eight services will be transferred to the single service. Specialist teams for water rescue or rope rescue will also be combined. How will the new fire service be inspected? A new governing board called the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service Board has been set up to inspect and scrutinise the new single service. Its chairman, Pat Watters CBE, former president of the Scottish councils governing body Cosla, says there will be no loss of accountability. "I do understand, if there is any change at all, people are a bit wary of that change," he said. However, he said he was confident the same service would be given across Scotland after 1 April. Is the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service prepared for the 1 April merge? Chief Officer Hay says the fire service is prepared for the changes ahead. "We have appointed an exceptional team of individuals to lead the new national Scottish Fire and Rescue Service," he said. Fire union chair Mr Paterson said: "It is a gradual process. It would be naïve to say there would no teething problems, but we don't anticipate any serious problems."

स्कॉटलैंड की आठ क्षेत्रीय अग्निशमन और बचाव सेवाओं का 1 अप्रैल को एक ही स्कॉटिश अग्निशमन और बचाव सेवा में विलय होना है। लेकिन अगर आप 999 पर कॉल करते हैं तो वास्तव में क्या अलग होगा? और ग्रैम्पियन के असामान्य सफेद अग्निशमन इंजनों का भविष्य क्या होगा?


Carrickfergus traders react to FG Wilson job losses

Summary: Caterpillar, which owns FG Wilson, announced on Thursday that 760 people would lose their jobs in Northern Ireland. The losses will be spread out across the company's four sites at Larne, Belfast, Springvale and Monkstown. Many people who work at the Larne and Monkstown plants live in Carrickfergus. Traders there gave their reaction to BBC News Online on how the job losses would impact on the town.

Robert Stewart - Chairman of Carrickfergus Traders Association "Our heartfelt sympathies go out to those that have been affected. "I think we're all backs to the wall at the minute and I think we're in the same position as those families are about to be. "We are trying to build Carrickfergus from within. We want a strong-based Carrickfergus to promote to new shops to come to the town and so far that's been very successful with three in the last month. "The job losses are a complete knock-back. For a small town like us who are struggling to pick up the pieces from a regeneration and rebuild from the ground up. "We want to make Carrickfergus a medieval-themed town where people come to shop and how can that help?" Kirsty Fallis, owner of Dobbins Inn Hotel "It's heartbreaking for the families and for the town as a whole because job losses mean people don't have extra to spend. "There would have been businesses or people who had to deal with FG Wilson who would have had to come to Carrick and perhaps would have used the hotel for accommodation or for something to eat or drink so it affects everybody. "Certainly from the hotel's point of view, we've been in business for 35 years and we've seen so many businesses come and go, and it's just another blow to Carrickfergus. "With the number of possible job losses they won't have the extra spend or the money to go out for dinner or buy things that they would have before. "Obviously money is going to be extremely tight. We're coming into Christmas time and there's not going to be the same wish to go out and have Christmas parties, so yes, it is a worrying time." Noel Robert Hartley - fruit and veg shop owner "I'm sorry to hear that staff are being laid off. It's going to have a big impact in Carrickfergus because a lot of people will be losing their jobs and there will be no money coming into the town. "I was optimistic when I set my business up in April. I was trying to do something for myself and put a service back into Carrickfergus and get people to support me. "There's over 600 people, a third of them are from Carrick, so I would say it's going to be a bit hard. "There's not many businesses left in Carrick to provide employment for those who have lost their jobs."

कैटरपिलर, जो एफ. जी. विल्सन का मालिक है, ने गुरुवार को घोषणा की कि उत्तरी आयरलैंड में 760 लोग अपनी नौकरी खो देंगे। नुकसान लार्ने, बेलफास्ट, स्प्रिंगवेल और मोंकस्टाउन में कंपनी के चार स्थलों में फैल जाएगा। लार्ने और मोंकस्टाउन संयंत्रों में काम करने वाले कई लोग कैरिकफर्गुस में रहते हैं। वहाँ के व्यापारियों ने बीबीसी न्यूज ऑनलाइन को अपनी प्रतिक्रिया दी कि नौकरी के नुकसान का शहर पर क्या प्रभाव पड़ेगा।


Conservative fears of a downward spiral

Summary: Guess what. It's not about Boris Johnson. He sucks the oxygen, grabs the attention, "the blond one" excites the Tory crowds, as well as driving his colleagues up the wall with his behaviour.

Laura KuenssbergPolitical editor@bbclaurakon Twitter Today in a speech about "the lion that will roar", (wonder what he's trying to say there?) activists may cheer him and colleagues will gnash their teeth as, in a way only he can, he tickles the party's tummy. The fuss around Boris Johnson is the symptom not the cause. The problem that is increasingly on people's minds at this grisly conference is that the Tories might be only at the start of a decline, which becomes impossible to escape. One former minister says, "there is a smell of decay", another, that it is "hopeless, but we are resigned to the nightmare". Cabinet ministers fret that Theresa May simply doesn't have the ideas or imagination to reboot either her leadership or their party. One of her colleagues says "how did she blow the party up in 12 months?", lamenting how her premiership has paralleled Gordon Brown, who after years of hoping to get to Downing Street arrived there with little to say, bewildered by the sudden challenge of the top job. Another says she looks "bent and broken". But there is little evidence yet that there is anyone willing or brave enough to confront this publicly, the younger generations of Tory MPs are furious with the top brass, but none of them yet ready to step up to the plate. For now, Mrs May's glum cabinet colleagues mostly believe the best option is to get behind her, to show loyalty with the hope of regaining authority to govern, the slow grind of government competence could restore credibility over time. These are unpredictable times. One minister even told me they feel optimistic about the next election, believing the Corbyn phenomenon can't sustain for five years. But in government and on the backbenches and in Manchester, optimism is a minority view. Stopping the slide the priority. The fear here is not really that Boris Johnson is grabbing all the attention, it's that this party could be dying inside, and it finds itself with a leader who might struggle to stop the downward spiral.

सोचिए क्या। यह बोरिस जॉनसन के बारे में नहीं है। वह ऑक्सीजन चूसता है, ध्यान आकर्षित करता है, "गोरा" टोरी भीड़ को उत्तेजित करता है, साथ ही अपने व्यवहार से अपने सहयोगियों को दीवार पर खड़ा कर देता है।


Coxless Crew: Behind the scenes of a Pacific challenge

Summary: A crew of rowers has finished a journey across the Pacific - becoming the first all-female and first four-person team to do so. From cramped sleeping conditions to pods of dolphins, BBC News looks behind the scenes of a Pacific challenge.

The crew was made up of three permanent members - Laura Penhaul, Natalia Cohen and Emma Mitchell - along with Isabel Burnham, Lizanne van Vuuren and Meg Dyos - who each joined them for a leg of the trip. Doris the pink boat The 29ft (8.84m) long and 7ft (2.13m) wide 1.5-tonne boat the women lived on was called Doris. The set up was similar to a sculling boat, with each rower having two oars and a sliding seat. Under the deck there was storage space accessed through hatches on deck where food, ropes, tools and spare parts were stored. The name Doris derives from the ancient Greek, which means "Dorian woman" - the Dorians occupied the Peloponnese starting in the 12th Century BC, and in Greek mythology Doris was a sea nymph, one of the many children of Oceanus and Tethys. Eating The crew each tried to consume 5,000 calories a day and ate dehydrated meals of chicken noodles, curries and spaghetti bolognese, supplemented by protein bars, chocolate, nuts and porridge. On 25 December they also had a Christmas cake and on one occasion cooked pancakes on the deck using the rays of the sun. Protein shakes and desalinated seawater made up the fluid intake. The only kitchen equipment the rowers had were sporks (combination spoon and fork), Tupperware boxes and a facility for making hot water to add to dried meals. Lizanne Van Vuuren said she was given some good advice about eating rations: "Just tell your brain you like it, and you'll like it". Apparently it works. A typical 5,000-calorie daily menu: 09:30: Fruit muesli (800cal) mixed with protein shake (600cal). 11:30: Two granola bars (190cal each) 13:30: Chicken tikka massala (800cal) followed by chocolate pudding (500cal) 15:30: Handful of sweets (250cal total) 17:30: Noodles (300cal) with packet of tuna (200cal) followed by a Mars bar (240cal) 19:30: Twix bar (200cal) 23:30: Biscuits (160cal) The oarswomen all lost weight. Ms Penhaul said: "The fact that I can see my shin bones and ribs is pretty much a sure sign of weight loss. I may have always been someone of a slim frame, but I'm not a fan of skinny, I much prefer strong over skinny, so seeing so much muscle waste away is slightly distressing." Sleeping - and not sleeping The aft cabin, the size of a two-person tent, was used as the crew's kitchen, living room, bedroom, dining room and office. It was too low to stand up in, so changing clothes would be done lying down and teeth-cleaning was done over the side of the boat. Sleeping involved two people "top and tailing" and took place in 90-minute sessions. The women rowed through the night in two-hour shifts. They chose to do this for both physical and psychological reasons. During a normal eight-hour sleep, humans go through a number of sleep cycles. The crew of the Doris aimed to have just one sleep cycle before waking up. Any longer than 90 minutes would have pushed them into another sleep cycle and it would have been more difficult to wake up. Weather The crew endured gales, storms, waves as high as three-storey buildings and temperatures up to 40C (104F) and as low as 12C (53.6F). The route was chosen to take advantage of the prevailing winds and currents as much as possible, although winds were less favourable than anticipated, leading to a longer time at sea than originally planned. The women had specialist kit - but also came up with their own ways of dealing with the conditions, such as wearing baseball caps sideways to protect their faces from the sun, and draping themselves with outsized T-shirts. Other sea life The crew saw humpback whales yards from their boat, pods of dolphins, schools of mahi-mahi dolphinfish, a sea snake, at least one albatross and two sharks they christened Eduardo and Fernando, which followed their boat. They also dodged scores of flying fish, which would land on the boat before being picked up and thrown overboard again. They were even dive-bombed by red-footed boobies (a type of seabird related to a gannet). The oarswomen also spotted a few cargo ships, the odd passenger boat, a couple on a yacht and another ocean rower, John Beeden, who set his own record for a solo Pacific crossing just before the new year.

नाविकों के एक दल ने प्रशांत क्षेत्र में एक यात्रा पूरी की है-ऐसा करने वाली पहली महिला और पहली चार-व्यक्ति टीम बन गई है। तंग नींद की स्थिति से लेकर डॉल्फ़िन की फली तक, बीबीसी न्यूज़ एक प्रशांत चुनौती के पर्दे के पीछे देखता है।


The 'hidden hunger' in British families

Summary: Food parcels are associated with famine-struck parts of the world. Yet there is a "hidden hunger" in Britain, according to one charity, which has seen a surge in demand for its emergency supply boxes.

By Mario CacciottoloBBC News Sara is a married mother of two school-aged children. She lives in a four-bedroom house, drives an expensive car... and has relied on food handouts to feed her family. While the idea of food parcels has echoes of Dickensian London or a famine-struck corner of the developing world, they are becoming more common in 21st Century Britain. The Trussell Trust charity, which operates dozens of foodbanks across the country, says it is serving Britain's "hidden hungry". It mainly helps people who are not receiving benefits they would normally be entitled to, but also sees many families who fall into financial difficulty after the main breadwinner loses work. That was the case with Sara's family. Sara, not her real name, is 50 and lives in the relatively prosperous Wiltshire city of Salisbury with her husband, a contractor who works in training. The couple have two children, aged 11 and eight. They seem to be a middle class family in classic Middle Britain. She agreed to speak anonymously about how the trust helped her family. To an outsider, Sara says, her family must appear to be "quite comfortable". But it was when her husband's work began to dry up earlier this year that they started to feel the squeeze. "Suddenly we had no income and had used up all our savings. Any money we did have went quickly on paying the mortgage, and our credit cards were also maxed out." Sara is keen to point out that neither she nor her husband smoke or drink, and that the family had been using vouchers from newspapers for their last few holidays. "We cut back on as many things as we could. Our first plan was to sell the car, as it's worth a fair bit, but we couldn't. Nobody wanted to buy it." Unable to claim benefits, and having previously donated to the Trussell Trust through her children's school harvest festival, Sara eventually resorted to using it herself at the end of August. The experience of visiting her local foodbank left her amazed and humbled". "They didn't make a fuss and were very friendly. We were given boxes of good quality food that would see us through for a few days. When I saw some Kit Kats in the box, the sort of treat we'd been going without, I nearly cried." Although she is hugely grateful to the Trust, she says asking for its help left her feeling "humiliated". 'Lazy people' "I had to drive down to the foodbank in a luxury car and pick up a food parcel to feed my family," she says. "How do you think that made me feel? "I didn't tell my husband I was going to do it, but did tell him afterwards. My children still don't know and neither does anybody else." The family has have now sold their house and are moving into rented accommodation. Both are now working, although Sara has yet to be paid. "I thought food parcels were only for lazy people," she says. "I just didn't think that I was going to be next. Nobody helps the people in the middle." The Trussell Trust is a Christian charity which serves those on the brink of desperation. Staff and volunteers arrange collections of food - asking supermarket shoppers in each foodbank area to donate an extra item from a pre-defined shopping list - then distribute the goods to the hungry by means of vouchers. These vouchers are given to people classed as being unable to support themselves, and distributed by "statutory professionals" such as doctors, health workers, social workers, the Citizens' Advice Bureau and probation officers among others. The voucher can then be redeemed in exchange for a box of nutrionally-balanced, donated food. Chris Mould, executive director of the Trussell Trust, says one reason for people running out of food is because many have their benefits suspended while they are being re-assessed. "The Department for Work and Pensions will say people's benefits are not stopped while a re-assessment is taking place. That is not true. Our foodbanks are increasingly helping people who are having their benefits stopped during reassessment. "The DWP might say this only happens for three weeks or so, and what's the problem? But if you're living week to week then that's a long gap to cover when you're trying to feed yourself and a family." Vouchers Mr Mould says the Trust is lining up meetings with the DWP to discuss the possibility of allowing Job Centre staff to administer vouchers. And of the 41,000 people fed by foodbanks last year, he says 35-40% had problems with benefits. Last year's figures sees a sharp increase on the 26,000 people fed during the financial year 2008/09, and the charity has just opened its 71st UK foodbank, up from 44 last year. Some 378 tonnes of food were collected by the foodbank network in 2009/10. Some 60,000 people are predicted to be fed nationwide in 2010/11, with the Trust aiming to have 86 foodbanks open by end of March 2011. But why are food parcels a necessity in modern-day Britain at all? The benefits agency says when families suddenly find themselves without money people can apply to the Social Fund for help, and that it does signpost people to Social Services and charities such as the Trussell Trust. She added: "People who change their circumstances need to tell us as soon as possible, and then we work as fast as we can to update their records. "All our processing times are well within our targets." But Racheal Hughes, 25, also from Salisbury, says she has relied on foodbank boxes about 15 times, often as a result of her benefits stopping after her circumstances altered. This mother of a six-month-old boy says her benefits were suspended due to her changing her address, and that it took about three months to sort her money out. She had already had three Crisis Loans and could not apply for more. "I was pregnant when my money stopped and would have been in dire straits. When I was fed by the Trussell Trust I was relieved, overwhelmed, grateful. More people should know about them. "Sometimes, when I get a foodbank box, I get really embarrassed that I can't feed my family. I very much feel that I have been let down by the welfare state."

खाद्य पार्सल दुनिया के अकाल प्रभावित हिस्सों से जुड़े हुए हैं। फिर भी ब्रिटेन में एक "छिपी हुई भूख" है, एक दान के अनुसार, जिसने अपने आपातकालीन आपूर्ति बक्से की मांग में वृद्धि देखी है।


The couple who want to rebuild their shattered city

Summary: Someday, what seems like Syria's forever war will end. Then the focus will shift to rebuilding a country shredded and scarred by conflict. A husband and wife, both architects, who witnessed their city's devastation are already thinking about how to restore it.

Lyse DoucetChief international correspondent@bbclysedouceton Twitter "It's not easy to rise from the ruins, it's not easy," reflects Marwa al-Sabouni. We're standing in the cool dark depths of a hammam - a public bath dating back to Roman times in the old quarter of Homs. Its thick stone walls are now rough blotches of black and brown, dappled by shafts of light streaming through holes in a domed ceiling designed to draw light into this ancient warren. The history within these walls is even darker. "This was a major battleground," Sabouni explains as we walk through the hammam's main chamber, with what remains of a water fountain at its centre. The debris of recent battles has been slowly cleared since two years of fierce clashes in the Old City area ended in 2014 when the government took back what had been a rebel-held enclave of Syria's third city. "So many of us didn't even know this beautiful hammam, and so many other parts of our heritage, existed before the war," Sabouni says. "It was neglected and then destroyed before we had to chance to know it." Sabouni has taken me on a walk to illustrate some of the main ideas in her acclaimed book, The Battle for Home. An evocative memoir of her family's experience of living through a punishing war in their city, it's also an architect's vision of how to rebuild Syria to help mend its wounds and avoid errors of the past. One of her biggest allies is fellow architect Ghassan Jansiz - who happens to be her husband. Their ideas about architecture brought them together as students. They remained with their two young children in a city which saw some of the first protests and the most vicious fighting of the war. This 2,000-year-old hammam is our first stop on Sabouni's itinerary as we set out to explore the souk, a sprawling market that was once the vibrant heart of the Old City. Its labyrinth of alleyways is still largely deserted with most shops shuttered, or shattered by the gunfire and explosions. Syria's destructive conflict has been fuelled by many faultlines. Sabouni says architecture is one of them. "Of course, I'm not saying that architecture is the only reason for the war, but in a very real way it accelerated and perpetuated the conflict," she explains. Her book chronicles the rise, over the past century, of soulless tower blocks and urban sprawls that effectively created sectarian ghettos and eroded shared public spaces which had long shaped Syrian society. Sabouni sees the built environment as a crucible for the frictions that led to civil war. A meander through Homs's old market is also a journey further back in time, through thousands of years of Syrian history and successive empires that left their mark. In this rich story, Sabouni finds lessons for a more inspired and inclusive way of living. "Certain architectural elements from different eras are all incorporated within the same structures and they don't cancel each other out," she explains as she leads me to what she calls a "hidden house." A long dimly lit corridor leads into an exquisite courtyard with leafy fruit trees dotted with oranges. A sudden burst of bright colour surprises, as a small symbol of renewal. "You see, this is what I talk about in the book," Sabouni exclaims. "We had something very beautiful, very ancient and very harmonious interwoven in our lives, in our daily lives," she says, making her point that Syria's precious world heritage lies not only in famed sites such as the Roman ruins of Palmyra, but in its everyday social fabric. "We vandalised a lot of it, and we mistreated a lot of it, so maybe we have the chance to start over now." In another corner of the market, Jansiz shows me another hammam dating from the days of the Ottoman empire. Its vaulted ceilings with intricate patterns of holes creates a dance of circles of light on the stone walls and floor. But it's a pattern of light caused by damage rather than design which provides a small example of how to build from the ruins. The market's metal roofs - punctured by bullets and shrapnel - inspired Jansiz's work on the first rebuilding project in the Old City funded by the UN Development Programme (UNDP). On the day we visit, the project is a hive of activity. Workmen in blue overalls are putting the finishing touches on the new patterned screen now arching over the alleyway at one of the market's main entrances. "Rebuilding is not just about stones," explains Jansiz, who was the lead architect on the first phase of the project. "This market wasn't just a place to sell and buy stuff. It was also a social hub where people from all social and religious groups would spend time with each other." Both Jansiz and Sabouni underline how the damage to Syria's social fabric is far deeper even than the endless ruins in pulverised neighbourhoods. "All the workers you see around you are from Homs," Jansiz adds. "They understand this city and understand its pain." The long arcades of shuttered shops bear silent testimony to this aching sense of loss. Only about 30 out of nearly 5,000 have reopened. Some shopkeepers can't afford to rebuild, or await electricity and other services. Some sided with the rebels and were forced to flee, and are now unable or unwilling to return. With still no end in sight to this war, major Western donors still resist putting money for reconstruction into areas now back in government hands. "So far we're only focusing on limited rebuilding to provide some support and a bit of hope," UNDP Country Director Samuel Rizk tells me. But the EU recently began to carefully raise the prospect of reconstruction funds, if and when a hesitant process of political talks with the opposition makes significant progress. And a Chinese delegation was in Damascus this week to discuss future investments in industries and infrastructure. There are already hints of conflicts to come over contracts and concepts for a post-war Syria. Even the first phase of this small project to rebuild a roof in the Old City ended up being clouded by disagreements. Sabouni believes Syrians must begin to imagine a different future. "It may sound so sophisticated or a luxury to talk about architecture," she says. "But if we don't think about it, I think we will miss the chance to rebuild it in the right way." Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat and Twitter.

किसी दिन, ऐसा लगता है कि सीरिया का हमेशा के लिए युद्ध समाप्त हो जाएगा। फिर ध्यान एक ऐसे देश के पुनर्निर्माण पर केंद्रित होगा जो संघर्ष से टुकड़े-टुकड़े हो गया है। एक पति और पत्नी, दोनों वास्तुकार, जिन्होंने अपने शहर की तबाही देखी थी, पहले से ही सोच रहे हैं कि इसे कैसे बहाल किया जाए।


How 'the invisible network' poses a major security threat

Summary: Imagine a hacker remotely turning off a life support machine in a hospital, or shutting down a power station. These are the nightmare scenarios we face because many organisations haven't a clue how many unsecured devices are connected to their networks, cyber-security experts warn.

By Matthew WallTechnology of Business editor It was an ordinary day at a busy hospital - doctors, nurses and surgeons rushed about attending to the health of their patients. For Hussein Syed, chief information security officer for the largest health provider in New Jersey, it was the health of his IT network that was keeping him busy. And today, he was in for a surprise. He knew he presided over a complex web of connected medical devices, computers, and software applications spread across RWJBarnabas Health's 13 hospitals. This included about 30,000 computers, 300 apps, a data centre, as well as all the mobile phones hooking up to the hospitals' wi-fi networks. Company mergers had only added to the complexity of these sprawling IT systems. But when he used a specialist IoT cyber-security program to carry out a full audit, he discovered that there were in fact 70,000 internet-enabled devices accessing the health firm's network - far more than he'd expected. "We found a lot of things we were not aware of," Mr Syed tells the BBC, "systems that weren't registered with IT and which didn't meet our security standards." These included security cameras and seemingly innocuous gadgets such as uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) - units that provide back-up battery power in the event of a power cut. "These unidentified devices could definitely have been access points for hackers who could have then found high-value assets on our network," says Mr Syed. Hack in to a UPS and you could potentially switch off life-critical machines, he explains. Or hackers could steal patient data, encrypt it, then demand a ransom for its safe return. On the black market "health data is worth 50 times more than credit card data", says Mr Syed. The audit "helped us protect our network," he adds, preferring not to dwell on what might have been. Mike DeCesare, chief executive of ForeScout, the software provider Mr Syed brought in, says: "Businesses typically underestimate by 30% to 40% how many devices are linked to their network. It's often a shock when they find out. "With the proliferation of IoT [internet of things] devices the attack surface for hackers has increased massively. "Traditional antivirus software was designed on the assumption that there were just a few operating systems. Now, because of IoT, there are thousands." ForeScout's software monitors a company's network and indentifies every device trying to access it, "not just from its IP [internet protocol] address, but from 50 other attributes and fingerprints", says Mr DeCesare. The reason for these other layers of security is that it is "relatively easy" for hackers to mask the identity of a particular device - known as MAC [media access control] spoofing. So ForeScout's software takes a behavioural approach to monitoring. "We look at the traffic from all those different devices and analyse whether they are behaving like they should," he says. "Is that printer behaving like a printer? So why is it trying to access other devices on the network and break in to the system? "If we spot aberrant behaviour we can disconnect the device from the network automatically." Services from network monitoring firms - ForeScout, Solar Winds, IBM, SecureWorks, Gigamon and others - are becoming increasingly necessary in a world where everything - from lamp-posts to lawn sensors - is becoming internet-enabled. According to Verizon's latest State of the Market: Internet of Things report there are now 8.4 billion connected devices - a 31% increase on 2016 - and $2tn (£1.5tn) will have been spent on the technologies by the end of 2017. But as Verizon points out, lack of industry-wide standards for IoT devices is giving businesses major security concerns. Stories of cyber-attacks mounted on the back of insecure devices such as video cameras have highlighted the issue. "IoT security is one of the biggest challenges we're facing right now," says Darren Thomson, chief technology officer and vice president, technology services at cyber-security firm Symantec. The difficulty is that IoT devices are generally simple, cheap and low-powered, without the capability of running the antivirus programs operated by traditional computers. "The challenge with critical infrastructure is that it wasn't built with security in mind," says Tom Reilly, chief executive of Cloudera, the IoT and data analytics platform. "Smart cities are a great playing field for hackers - changing traffic lights, turning elevators on and off - there are many security exposures. "We need to get ahead of them." This necessitates a different approach to security, a growing number of experts believe. In April, telecoms giant Verizon launched what it calls its IoT "security credentialing" service, whereby only trusted, verified devices are allowed to access a company's network. Meanwhile, Cloudera has formed a strategic partnership with chip maker Intel. More Technology of Business "Intel makes the chips that are being used in many IoT sensors," explains Mr Reilly, "and all that data being created needs to land in a database like ours residing in a data centre. "We authenticate all the devices - we're creating an end-to-end platform for the IoT world." Rival GE Digital, a subsidiary of the global engineering giant GE, has also developed its own IoT and data analytics platform called Predix which it is outsourcing to big clients such as British Airways and oil giant Exxon. IoT sensors are fitted to big machines, from gas turbines to aero engines, and these transmit "petabytes of data in real time that helps us work out how to optimise their maintenance", says Bill Ruh, GE Digital chief executive. "We get all that data back via virtual private networks mostly in a highly secure encrypted fashion." But if you don't have the resources to commit to an entire IoT ecosystem operated by a major tech company, behavioural network monitoring may be your next best bet. Just bear in mind that your organisation's defences are only as strong as the weakest part. Beware the invisible network.

कल्पना कीजिए कि एक हैकर किसी अस्पताल में जीवन समर्थन मशीन को दूर से बंद कर देता है, या बिजली स्टेशन को बंद कर देता है। ये ऐसे बुरे सपने हैं जिनका हम सामना करते हैं क्योंकि कई संगठनों को यह पता नहीं होता है कि उनके नेटवर्क से कितने असुरक्षित उपकरण जुड़े हुए हैं, साइबर-सुरक्षा विशेषज्ञ चेतावनी देते हैं।


Covid: The countries that nailed it, and what we can learn from them

Summary: Covid-19 has shaken the world, with more than 2.5 million deaths and 115 million cases confirmed. BBC Panorama's Jane Corbin has scoured the globe to find the best examples of strategies for combating the virus.

I have reported on Covid for the past year - now my mission was to find out from global leaders and senior health officials across four continents what their priorities were in tackling the virus. What has emerged strongly for me are four key areas which have been most effective in containing the spread of the virus and preventing deaths. No-one can claim to have got everything right. But the steps listed below highlight some policies from around the world that have proved effective. Piece them together and you have the blueprint for a "pandemic playbook" - a manual for managing future infectious disease outbreaks. STEP ONE: Preparation Stanley Park lives in Seoul, South Korea. When he went to pick up his daughter, Joo Yeon, from the airport, he greeted her not with a hug but with a mask and a bottle of sanitising spray. For Stanley, this isn't his first experience of a pandemic. He remembers the devastation and fear that the Mers outbreak brought to east Asia in 2015. It's an experience his country has learned from, with the government making 48 reforms to bolster public-health emergency preparedness and response. These have paid off. When coronavirus hit, officials were able to flatten the epidemic curve quickly, without closing businesses or implementing stricter stay-at-home restrictions nationally. After her arrival from Atlanta, Joo Yeon completed a strict two-week quarantine at her parents' house, downloaded an app that tracks her movements and received six check-up calls from the authorities. She took her quarantine so seriously that she "didn't even go to the garden, just in case". "From the very start we put in place thorough prevention measures to stop the same thing happening again - history repeating itself," Prime Minister Chung Sye-kyun said. STEP TWO: Test, track and trace "It's very challenging at the moment, I have no idea if the patients I see have coronavirus or not," David Hodges, a GP from north-east England, told Panorama in March 2020. "We might have hundreds of cases we're missing." As cases soared ahead of the first lockdown in late March, and with resources stretched, the UK government, which had been conducting contact tracing until this point, stopped testing in the community. It had the capacity to test only in hospitals. The government's formal test-and-trace programme was launched in May. Most countries in east Asia started contact tracing in January. In South Korea, hospitals like Yangji, in the Gwan-Ak district of Seoul, were designated to handle Covid from testing to treatment. Here, people don't even need to enter the building - they're tested at arm's-length in a special fully-sealed booth. The hospital processes all its own tests on site and the results are usually available within four or five hours. In the UK it can take a day or more. Down the road from the hospital, a track-and-trace team follows up on every suspected case. The team can be forensic with the detail and has access to credit card and mobile phone data. It monitors CCTV throughout the district, sending teams out into the community to scour the streets when it sees something that concerns it. Prime Minister Chung Sye-kyun took personal charge of the situation before the country even had a confirmed case of Covid, giving priority to the three Ts - test, track and trace. "By applying that strategy we've achieved a good, meaningful result," Mr Sye-kyun has said. The death toll in South Korea, a country of 52 million people, stands at 1,693. The UK government says the testing system has continued to evolve and it is doing everything it can to improve it. STEP THREE: Quarantine support "Making people stay at home is the main reason we've been able to contain Covid," says Usha Kumari, a community health worker in Kerala, India. Usha is one of 30,000 accredited social-health activists, known as Asha workers. Usha's role has been to ensure everyone who needs to self-isolate in her patch does so. She gets their shopping, collects their medicine and anything they might need, so that they don't leave their homes. The support for those isolating doesn't end there. Community kitchens have been supplying up to 600 free meals to people self-isolating at home or in hospital each day and mental-health services have been offered since the start of the pandemic. Financial aid has been provided and, in some cases, bills were temporarily frozen. In the UK it wasn't until September that a payment of £500 was offered to those self-isolating. However, in the first four months of the UK scheme, two-thirds of applicants were rejected. According to a Scientific Advice Group for Emergencies report released in September, less than 20% of people in the UK who were required to self-isolate, fully quarantined. Now, the UK government's expanding eligibility for the support payment. It says four million people could qualify. Kerala's health minister KK Shailaja learned important lessons three years ago dealing with the deadly Nipah virus and has applied those lessons to tackling Covid. She insists that by ensuring support for those self-isolating, officials were able to control the spread and keep its hospitals from being overwhelmed. With a population of 35 million, Kerala went from having the highest number of cases in India in March 2020 to having among the lowest Covid-19 death rates in the world. STEP FOUR: Protect the elderly At the start of April, GP Lisa Federle began testing in care homes in the ancient town of Tübingen, in the Baden Württemberg state of Germany, to keep the virus out and to allow visitors. The town's mayor, Boris Palmer, thought "we have to build up a special protection shield for the people who carry the highest risk". He had seen the impact of the virus in Italy and Spain on the older demographic. "These are the elderly people, so we need special protection for them." Mr Palmer used his local budget to prioritise care and support for the town's elderly population, including a subsidised taxi service, free masks delivered to homes and special shopping hours. It meant the town's University Hospital, received fewer Covid-19 patients and wasn't forced to cancel other medical procedures. Unlike the UK, where London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast made all the major decisions, Germany, with its federal system, allowed each of its states to decide locally how to respond to the virus. The elderly have been among the largest casualties of the pandemic - and, particularly in Europe, those living in care homes. Although visitors were banned in UK care homes right at the start, there was criticism that testing was slow. It wasn't until 15 April that it was announced by the UK government that all people discharged from hospitals into care homes needed to have a test. By July, at least 20,000 care-home residents in England and Wales had died from Covid-19 since the start of the outbreak, according to the Office for National Statistics. "When it comes to nursing homes, they're a vulnerable group and that should not have been a surprise," says Prof Dale Fisher, an expert in infectious diseases who was sent to the epicentre of the outbreak in Wuhan, China, in February 2020. "I think it's been obvious where in the world nursing homes weren't given attention, the death tolls there were significant." STEP FIVE: A vaccination strategy More than 26 million people in the UK have received at least one dose of a coronavirus vaccine - part of the biggest inoculation programme the country has ever launched. While well behind world leader Israel, which has so far fully inoculated more than half its population, the UK has had extraordinary success with its vaccine programme. The UK's success is largely down to a tremendous effort in planning. The Department of Health and Social Care began planning a mass vaccination programme before there was even confirmation of the first Covid-19 case in the UK. In the summer, the government signed a contract for 100 million doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine and 30 million doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. It's a different story in Europe - planning started later and the rollout has been slow. Only 8% of people in Europe have received a vaccine so far compared with 36% in the UK. The UK's vaccine deals were struck three months before the EU's. The situation is worse across the developing world. While nearly all of Europe and the Americas have begun vaccination campaigns, only a handful of African countries have. In South Africa's Cape Town, Michael Kuta is one of the many people in the townships who volunteered to take part in a trial run by Dr Linda Gail-Bekker for the Johnson & Johnson vaccine. Michael doesn't know whether he has received the vaccine or a placebo, but he says, for him, its worth it. "It's the only chance that I have to get the injection for the pandemic. To live," he says. "My family still need me." Many poorer countries are relying on deliveries from Covax, a scheme led by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, which aims to ensure access for all to Covid vaccines. The UK is one of the largest contributors, donating nearly £500m. South Africa has signed up to the initiative. However, a vaccination strategy must be an international effort. In countries where access to a vaccine is limited, the virus has an opportunity to mutate - as it has in South Africa and Brazil - creating new variants that are more transmissible, which can spread abroad. Scientists fear they could be more resistant to existing vaccines and therefore threaten countries that have had a successful rollout. 'Hefty price' The UK government says there'll be opportunities to look back, analyse and reflect. There will be an independent inquiry - at the appropriate time. But for now it is focused entirely on the pandemic, which has challenged health systems across the world. As work continues to distribute the vaccine globally, it appears we have finally turned a corner in our fight against the Covid-19 pandemic. Prof Dale Fisher says we cannot risk not learning the lessons of the last 12 months. "We've been hit hard and paid a hefty price. One of the worst things we can do is when this is over, we just go back to normal. If you don't learn from it, then history will repeat itself." Watch Panorama's Who Got It Right? on BBC One at 19:00 GMT on Monday, 22 March, or later on the BBC iPlayer (UK only).

25 लाख से अधिक मौतों और 11.5 लाख मामलों की पुष्टि के साथ कोविड-19 ने दुनिया को हिलाकर रख दिया है। बीबीसी पैनोरमा के जेन कॉर्बिन ने वायरस का मुकाबला करने के लिए रणनीतियों के सर्वोत्तम उदाहरण खोजने के लिए दुनिया की खोज की है।


Wiltshire Council job cuts to be decided

Summary: Wiltshire Council bosses have started to check through voluntary redundancy applications as part of aims to cut 400 posts from their workforce.

The Conservative cabinet has said not all applications will be accepted and will depend on the council's needs. A total of £4m needs to be saved in the 2013-14 budget. There are currently 3,889 staff at Wiltshire Council. Letters to inform staff of the outcome of their application will be sent out from next week.

विल्टशायर काउंसिल के मालिकों ने अपने कार्यबल से 400 पदों में कटौती करने के उद्देश्य के तहत स्वैच्छिक अतिरेक आवेदनों के माध्यम से जांच करना शुरू कर दिया है।


Kennet and Avon canal lock flight reopens after gate repairs

Summary: Part of the Kennet and Avon Canal in Wiltshire has reopened after it closed when a boat damaged a lock gate.

The top gate of the famous Caen Hill flight of locks was knocked off its hinge in the accident on Saturday. The stretch of water between locks 22 and 44, was temporarily closed to canal boats while the damage was assessed. A Canal and River Trust spokesman confirmed a crane has now lifted the lock gate back on to its hinge, and the flight of locks has reopened. Related Internet Links British Waterways

विल्टशायर में केनेट और एवन नहर का एक हिस्सा एक नाव द्वारा एक ताला द्वार को क्षतिग्रस्त करने के बाद बंद होने के बाद फिर से खोल दिया गया है।


Stars line up for church gigs

Summary: Florence And The Machine, Editors, Mika, and Lostprophets are amongst the artists lined up to play this year's Little Noise sessions in London in November.

By Greg CochraneNewsbeat music reporter The now annual series of acoustic gigs, organised by charity Mencap, will also feature The Maccabees, Tinchy Stryder and Golden Silvers. Held at London's Union Chapel venue the gigs begin on 16 November. Registration for tickets begins today (23 September) via the Little Noise sessions website. Last year saw performances from U2, Biffy Clyro, Razorlight, Kasabian and Glasvegas. The full line up is: Editors/The Maccabees/Bombay Bicycle Club/Everything Everything (16) Mika/Paloma Faith (18) Lostprophets/The Blackout (20) Taio Cruz/Tinchy Stryder (21) Florence And The Machine/Golden Silvers (22)

फ्लोरेंस एंड द मशीन, एडिटर्स, मीका और लॉस्टप्रोफेट्स उन कलाकारों में से हैं जो नवंबर में लंदन में इस साल के लिटिल नॉइज़ सत्रों को खेलने के लिए कतार में हैं।


Can you stop a paedophile before they even start?

Summary: Between 1-2% of men are thought to be paedophiles. Some become dangerous criminals preying on children, while others never act on their feelings. However views are divided on how and when to intervene in order to protect children.

By Dominic HurstBBC News In a terraced house in Barrow-in Furness, Cumbria, two mothers are looking intently at a computer screen. They are studying pictures of convicted paedophiles. The two women scan local newspapers and the internet for information about court cases, then update their website. Their mission is to name and shame men convicted of abusing children. "I think it is really important that children are protected from predatory paedophiles," says Keilly Devlin, a mother of three. "An innocent child's life is more important to be kept sacred and safe than a paedophile. I think that paedophiles do need to be named and shamed and people do need to know where they are living locally so we can keep our children away." Their group Communities Against Paedophiles South Lakes claims to have 5,000 members. However, their activities are discouraged by the police. "Whilst we appreciate that members of the public may have concerns regarding convicted sexual offenders in the community, we would discourage naming and shaming groups," a spokesperson for Cumbria Constabulary says. "The reason for this is that this presents a risk of misinformation, which can deter the work police and partner agencies conduct on a daily basis. It can also be counter-productive as these type of groups can inadvertently send offenders further underground." So who are the people who abuse children? And how can children best be protected? Between 1% and 2% of men are thought to be paedophiles. There are many female paedophiles but the vast majority are men. More from the Magazine By its very nature the true picture of child abuse is unclear. But with women perpetrators it's even more so. Convictions are thin on the ground and some believe the issue is an unhelpful distraction from the bigger problem. Experts agree that women commit only a fraction of child sexual abuse but so much is hidden that it's difficult to be accurate. An influential study in the US in the 1980s suggested 20% of all offences against boys and 5% against girls were by women. In 2005, the NSPCC raised concerns about how disbelief of female paedophiles was hindering detection. Its report said child protection professionals too often met allegations of abuse by females with incredulity, dismissing them as fabrication and allowing women to continue to offend. Are there women paedophiles? How many men are paedophiles? One study, by Professor Tamara Turner-Moore at Leeds Beckett University, suggests up to 10% of men have sexual thoughts about children at some stage in their lives. Researchers also say paedophiles are most likely to offend when their self-esteem is low and their stress levels are high. In a room above a café in Cumbria sits Eddie. This is not his real name, but he agreed to meet on condition of anonymity. He is a convicted paedophile. He was jailed for nine years for serious sexual offences against a child. Now he says he is on a path to rehabilitation. "I feel really guilty yes. It's unacceptable what I did," he says. "At the time I thought it was OK. Of course it's not. You can't go out and do something like that to someone who is basically harmless and think it's OK you can get away with it." Eddie says the abuse took place when his drinking was spiralling out of control. "I don't know why it happened. I can't just blame the drink. There must have been something there, a feeling for children. I can't understand it now because I can't understand why I did it." On release from prison, Eddie was helped by Circles UK. Working with probation officers, volunteers form a "circle of accountability and support" around a newly released sex offender, who is known as the "core member" of the circle. The aim is to help him resettle in the community. It says it has a high rate of success in preventing reoffending. It has received government funding to form 74 more circles working with offenders across England. Zak, a Circles volunteer in Cumbria, explains how it works: "Because they are feeling totally isolated from the community and very lonely, they have a high risk of reoffending. What a circle does is supporting the role of watchdog. "If the offender indicates some kind of risk to the community we inform the co-ordinator and address them to the appropriate agencies. By helping them by challenging their behaviour and risky thoughts we can prevent them reoffend and prevent another victim being recreated." Circles UK is one of the few organisations that tries to protect children by working directly with paedophiles. Another is a confidential helpline - Stop It Now! - which aims to encourage adult abusers to seek therapy and help. It also advises families where someone is showing worrying sexual behaviour. "We need to intervene earlier in order to better protect children," says Donald Findlater, Director of Research and Development at Lucy Faithfull Foundation, which runs the helpline. Largely funded by the Ministry of Justice and the Home Office it was founded 12 years ago and now receives some 700 calls per month. Of the callers, 48% have already committed an offence and 8% were men troubled by their sexual thoughts who had not yet offended, according to an evaluation last year by the National Centre for Social Research. "There is so much more we can do to prevent child sexual abuse," says Findlater. "Education for parents is grossly inadequate - there is much, much more they can do to keep their children safe. "However one of the problems is that some of the help is not available until someone has broken the law - surely it is better to make help available before a child has been harmed?" Findlater advised Dutch campaigners in setting up their own helpline. However in the Netherlands they have gone much further in encouraging men to call and seek help. An advertisement on national television shows a man wrapped in a towel, shaving, with a voiceover saying: "I'm Frank. I'm a paedophile." As he cycles to work clutching a brown leather bag, the voiceover continues: "My paedophilia is treatable. I do not have contact with children." The advert ends with the helpline phone number. There are also billboards posted in some cities. On the day we visited the helpline, anyone calling the number would have got through to a small modern office in an old building in the centre of the historic university city of Leiden. A psychology student sat at a neat desk by a computer screen and a pot plant, waiting for the phone to ring. Jules Mulder, the director the Dutch helpline, says he wants to encourage men to seek help before they have contact with children. "What we try to do is be more permissive to being paedophilic. These people are in society - they are among us. It is much better for them and us if you just accept this fact - you can help them to live a normal life. It makes society safer if you acknowledge the problem. "By helping the men who do this before they do, it is the best thing to do. If you can really understand that, we can help society get safer. That's what we try to get across to people. Everybody wants to have less child abuse." In a drab industrial estate in the city of Utrecht is a squat modern building. From the outside it looks like an office or small workshop. But it is a clinic for sex offenders. It is to here that the callers to the helpline are referred. Inside, by a leafy courtyard, we meet one of the therapists, Annemarie Determan. Her job is to help sex offenders change their behaviour. Does therapy work? "Yes all the time," she says. "Treatment can take a long time. Sometimes it is five conversations but mostly it is over a year or two years. I have seen people motivated not to download child porn, or groom children, or to change their lives, not going to places where children are. Most of them are capable of changing. "There are some who have feelings but are not paedophilic. They have problems with emotions or with coping styles so they feel frustrating and they end up downloading child porn. Then I teach them something else about how to cope with their emotions or frustrations or another way not downloading child porn." If you have been affected, the following organisations can help: NSPCC charity specialises in child protection. National Association for People Abused in Childhood offers support, advice and guidance to adult survivors of any form of childhood abuse. Childline is a private and confidential service for children and young people up to the age of 19. The Children's Society works to support vulnerable children in England and Wales. Other help: Stop it Now is a is a child sexual abuse prevention campaign in the UK and Ireland. Circles UK aims to reduce sexual reoffending by working directly with paedophiles through networks of community volunteers Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

पुरुषों के बीच 1-2% को पीडोफाइल माना जाता है। कुछ खतरनाक अपराधी बन जाते हैं जो बच्चों का शिकार करते हैं, जबकि अन्य कभी भी अपनी भावनाओं पर कार्रवाई नहीं करते हैं। हालाँकि बच्चों की सुरक्षा के लिए कैसे और कब हस्तक्षेप करना है, इस पर विचार विभाजित हैं।


Harry Potter actors open Birmingham teenage cancer unit

Summary: Actors who played twins in the Harry Potter movies officially opened a teenage cancer unit in Birmingham.

James and Oliver Phelps, who played the Weasley brothers, opened the £370,000 Teenage Cancer Trust's unit at Queen Elizabeth Hospital. The unit replaces the charity's former one at the hospital and is the third place in the city. Facilities include a kitchen, an education room and a place to listen to music and log onto the web. A spokesman from the trust said the unit gives young people more of a choice about where they can get their care.

हैरी पॉटर फिल्मों में जुड़वा बच्चों की भूमिका निभाने वाले अभिनेताओं ने आधिकारिक तौर पर बर्मिंघम में एक किशोर कैंसर इकाई खोली।