Good Friday Agreement referendum: Unionists reflect 15 years on

Summary: Exactly 15 years ago - May 22 1998 - voters went to the polls to vote yes or no for the Good Friday Agreement. In the first of a two-part series, the BBC assesses the divisions that remain within unionism over the yes vote and where they are now.

By Martina PurdyBBC NI Political Correspondent It is 15 years since cheers filled Belfast's King's Hall when it was announced that 71% of people in Northern Ireland had voted yes to the Good Friday Agreement. While almost all nationalists and others were cheering, only about half the unionists were rejoicing. Indeed, they were sharply divided over the "yes" vote - and whether a majority of unionists had backed the deal. As the leader of the "no" campn Ian Paisley, left the count centre the loyalists from the pro-Agreement Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) shouted "cheerio, cheerio, cheerio". Fifteen years on, PUP leader Billy Hutchinson sees the irony in this - as the DUP is top dog at Stormont, sharing power with Sinn Fein, and loyalists are reduced to street protests over the union flag and other issues. Would he have voted yes, knowing what he does now? "Yes," Mr Hutchinson answered. He added: "I would never say that I would have voted no because I think that yes was the thing to do at the time. Hindsight is a wonderful thing. But a lot of the 'i's weren't dotted and the 't's weren't crossed." Given another chance, the PUP leader said he would insist on issues being nailed down. 'Told you so' Jim Allister, leader of the Traditional Unionist Voice (TUV), said those loose ends were deliberate, aimed at conning the loyalists into believing they had signed up to a settlement rather than a process. Mr Allister, like the UK Unionist party leader Robert McCartney, voted no 15 years ago. Mr McCartney, according to a spokesman, now describes himself, not in the no camp, but in the "I told you so" camp. Having split from the DUP over power-sharing, the TUV leader carries the mantle for those who still regard the agreement as a travesty, 15 years on. But isn't it a rather small no camp these days? "I'm not sure that it's a very small camp," Mr Allister said. "I think when you scratch the surface there are a lot of unionist people in particular - and not just unionist people - but people across the community who recognise it is absurd we have got a system where you can't change your government where you can't have an opposition. So I think it is a growing momentum in that regard." In 1998, the no camp argued that the Good Friday Agreement was Ulster's death warrant. 'Don't blame me' Fifteen years on, Mr Allister must recognise this was an exaggeration? He countered it is a "slow death warrant" in which Northern Ireland is being "fused" socially and economically to the Irish Republic, through all-island arrangements in healthcare and trade. He argued that opinion polls which show strong support for the union, among Catholics, is the result of the death of the Celtic Tiger, rather than the agreement. The DUP's Jonathan Bell is now a junior minister at Stormont in the Office of the First and Deputy First Minister. In 1998 he was an Ulster Unionist who knocked doors urging a no vote. So was he wrong? "No, in fact I'm really proud of saying 'don't blame me, I voted no'." Fifteen years ago, Mr Bell had argued against prisoners getting out early. So how does he square this with sharing power with ex-prisoner and fellow junior minister, Jennifer McCann, and Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness? Mr Bell said the difference came with the St Andrew's Agreement, which ensured that power-sharing followed republican support for the rule of law. He said the DUP had delivered stable power-sharing after three failed attempts. Disillusion While he boasts the union is safe, he gives no credit to his former UUP leader and insists this was down to St Andrew's. "Nonsense," says the current Ulster Unionist leader Mike Nesbitt who, like Jim Allister, insists the DUP is working to a template from the Good Friday Agreement. Mr Nesbitt now shares some of the disillusion of the PUP, and like the TUV leader, wants an opposition. The UUP leader claimed the DUP-Sinn Fein led "coalition" is not much better than what went before under direct rule, when ministers with little affinity for Northern Ireland would fly in two or three days a week and make unaccountable decisions. Fresh referendum "I think the criticism of the people at the heart of the current devolved government is they fail to make decisions," Mr Nesbitt said. "They fail to live up to the expectation that we would tackle the big ticket issues, issues like dealing with the past, reconciliation and building a truly shared future." The DUP and Sinn Fein point out they are dealing with issues, citing the recent announcement on a partial shared future deal and moves to set up an all-party working group to deal with outstanding matters. As for Mr Nesbitt, he now wants a fresh referendum - on creating an opposition.

ठीक 15 साल पहले-22 मई 1998-मतदाता गुड फ्राइडे समझौते के लिए हां या ना में मतदान करने के लिए मतदान करने गए थे। दो भागों की श्रृंखला के पहले भाग में, बीबीसी उन विभाजनों का आकलन करता है जो हां वोट पर संघवाद के भीतर बने हुए हैं और वे अब कहाँ हैं।


Tiger Woods: The triumphs and troubles of golf superstar

Summary: Tiger Woods is in hospital after suffering multiple leg injuries in a car crash. Many from the golfing world and beyond are wishing him a swift and full recovery, but some fear this could mark the end of the 45-year-old's glittering career.

So what more do we know about the man considered by many to be the greatest golfer of all time? He was a child prodigy As young as 10 months, Wood's eye for a ball and an impressive swing had been spotted by his father Earl, who fashioned him a set of clubs and was his earliest teacher. At two, his potential was already getting wider notice and he was invited onto a TV show alongside the legendary comedian Bob Hope to show off his skills. Just months later, he won a competition for children under 10 - and so began a dazzling ascent through the junior game that saw him win tournament after tournament, collecting accolades and breaking records as he went. By the time he turned professional in 1996, he had won six USGA national championships and an unprecedented three consecutive US amateur titles. The man with the Midas Touch In 1997, a year after he turned pro, Woods won his first professional major, the Masters. He was only 21 and had not only become the tournament's youngest winner and first person of colour crowned champion, but he had also become the youngest golfer to be ranked No 1 in the world. By 2008, he had won 14 major golfing titles, and he jointly holds the record for most PGA Tour wins at 82 with Sam Snead and is three behind Jack Nicklaus' mark of 18 major titles. Along with the championship wins came the sponsorship deals, and his deals with Nike and Titleist in the early days of his pro career were some of the most lucrative ever seen in golf at the time. Over the course of his career, Woods has earned $1.5bn (£1.05bn) from endorsements, appearances and course design fees, according to Forbes magazine. In 2004, his gilded life seemed complete when he married former model Elin Nordegren, the daughter of a Swedish politician and radio journalist, and had two children - Sam, a daughter, born in 2007, and son Charlie in 2009. A man of 'Cablinasian' heritage His father Earl Woods, a lieutenant colonel in the US army, was of African-American, Chinese and Native American descent. His mother, Kultida, is of Thai, Chinese and Dutch descent. The golfing champion told Oprah Winfrey in 1997 that it bothered him when people called him an African-American. "Growing up, I came up with this name: I'm a Cablinasian," he said, to describe his heritage mix of Caucasian, black, Indian and Asian. Woods' achievements in golf have been that much more impressive for a game that has traditionally been seen as the preserve of white, middle class Christians. In his 2017 book on winning the Masters for the first time, he said that, while he hoped his win "would open some doors for minorities", his biggest hope was "we could one day see one another as people and people alone. I want us to be colour blind. Twenty years later, that has yet to happen". Public fall from grace It began with a story, in November 2009, that Woods had been in his car when it sped out of his Florida driveway, collided with a fire hydrant and ploughed into a neighbour's tree. In the days and weeks that followed, the world learnt that he had been cheating on his wife and was in fact a serial philanderer. The proud champion that appeared to have everything was, in fact, a deeply flawed individual. He took a break from golf, checked into rehab for what was widely rumoured to be treatment for sex addiction. In February 2010, he gave a 14-minute televised statement in which he apologised for his "irresponsible and selfish behaviour". Tiger and Elin eventually divorced, and the golfer dated US skier Lindsey Vonn before settling into a long-term relationship with Erica Herman, general manager of his restaurant in Jupiter, Florida. Painful return to glory In 2019, Tiger Woods seemed to have put his troubled decade behind him when he won the Masters at Augusta - his 15th major title, and the first one for 11 years. His victory was watched by his two children, something he described as coming "full circle". "My dad was here in 1997 and now I'm the dad with two kids here," he said at the time. But he also described the win as "one of the hardest" because of his ongoing back problems, which, between 2013 and 2017 saw him start just 24 events. In 2017, he was arrested on suspicion of driving under the influence when he was found asleep at the wheel of his car, later pleading guilty to reckless driving. He had five prescription drugs in his system at the time of his arrest. He had been recovering from spinal fusion surgery that ultimately gave him the chance at a second golfing career. Woods earlier this week said he hoped to play in this year's Masters after having a fifth operation on his back in January. "I'm feeling fine - I'm a little stiff," Woods told CBS Television on Sunday. "I have one more MRI scheduled so we'll see then if I can start doing more activities." It remains to be seen whether the man who has bounced back from many obstacles in the past will be able to surmount the challenges facing him after this latest car crash.

टाइगर वुड्स एक कार दुर्घटना में पैर में कई चोटों के बाद अस्पताल में हैं। गोल्फ़ की दुनिया और उससे बाहर के कई लोग उनके शीघ्र और पूर्ण स्वास्थ्य लाभ की कामना कर रहे हैं, लेकिन कुछ लोगों को डर है कि इससे 45 वर्षीय के शानदार करियर का अंत हो सकता है।


Frozen food chain Iceland reports 'challenging year'

Summary: Flintshire-based food chain Iceland has reported a "challenging year", with earnings falling to £150.2m down from £202.2m the previous year.

Figures released on Wednesday show like-for-like sales up to 27 March were down 4.4%, partly due to the effect of stocking new stores. Iceland opened 28 new stores in the UK and Ireland during the year. Chief executive Malcolm Walker said: "This has been an exceptionally challenging year for the group." He added: "In the face of food price deflation, intense competition and significant change in consumers' shopping habits, Iceland has continued its long tradition of successful reinvention. "We have done this by developing a new store format, launching new product ranges, upgrading packaging, rethinking marketing and initiating a major productivity programme." Iceland employs 24,000 staff in 859 stores across the UK.

फ्लिंटशायर स्थित खाद्य श्रृंखला आइसलैंड ने एक "चुनौतीपूर्ण वर्ष" की सूचना दी है, जिसमें आय पिछले वर्ष के £ 202.2m से गिरकर £ 150.2m हो गई है।


Local elections 2021: How do South Yorkshire councils spend your money?

Summary: Local elections will be held in South Yorkshire on Thursday 6 May.

People in Barnsley, Doncaster, Rotherham and Sheffield can cast their ballot in the local council elections. Parish councillors and a poll for the Police and Crime Commissioner are also taking place across the county. Local authorities are funded by a variety of sources, including council tax, government grants and other income, like parking charges. Here is how £100 of your money get spent by these councils. Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council The council spends money on things such as education, road maintenance, social care and public libraries. Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council, which serves a population of about 245,000, expects to spend £560m this year. Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council Like its neighbouring authority, voters will go to the polls on 6 May. As well as borough councillors, voters in Doncaster can also decide on a mayor and parish councillors. Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council, which serves a population of about 311,000, expects to spend about £503.5m this year. Rotherham Metropolitan Borough Council Voters in Rotherham are also set to go to the polls in May. As well as borough councillors, polls for parish councillors and the Dinnington St John's Neighbourhood Planning Referendum will also take place. Rotherham Metropolitan Borough Council, which serves a population of about 265,000, expects to spend about £515m this year. Sheffield City Council In Sheffield, voters can cast their ballot for the city council. They will also get to vote on the structure of the council in a governance referendum. Sheffield City Council expects to spend about £1.4bn this year, serving a population of 585,000. People in South Yorkshire will also have the chance to vote for the region's Police and Crime Commissioner on 6 May. These are the candidates who are standing. Follow BBC Yorkshire on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Send your story ideas to yorkslincs.news@bbc.co.uk.

दक्षिण यॉर्कशायर में स्थानीय चुनाव गुरुवार 6 मई को होंगे।


The Czechoslovak spy who met Jeremy Corbyn

Summary: Much of the news in the UK this week has been driven by allegations by a former Czechoslovak spy that the opposition Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn was a paid informer for the country's communist era secret police, the StB. Mr Corbyn emphatically denies the claims. Indeed all the evidence suggests he was never anything more than a person of interest to the StB. But as Rob Cameron reports from Prague, while the Cold War is over, a few sheaves of yellowing paper still have the power to throw lives into turmoil.

By Rob CameronBBC News, Prague As I sat at my computer, poring over secret police files, I felt a sudden tug of nostalgia. The files were digital copies of reports written by StB officer Jan Sarkocy, sent to Britain in 1986 under diplomatic cover. When he met first Jeremy Corbyn, in November of that year, his business card read "Jan Dymic, Third Secretary to the Czechoslovak Embassy in London". They were fascinating documents, cryptic and - for me - strangely evocative. Especially the references to North London landmarks I knew well, such as Seven Sisters Road, where the Labour MP for Islington had an office. But my task was not to dredge up my own memories of Labour politics while the party was in opposition in the 1980s. Rather it was to examine the six documents in dossier number 12801/subsection 326, codename "COB", for traces of anything incriminating. And believe me, I couldn't find them. Nothing in Agent Dymic's descriptions of three meetings with the Labour MP - two in the House of Commons, one on Seven Sisters Road - suggest the StB ever regarded him as anything other than a potential source. A young leftist with good contacts in the peace movement. An internationalist with a Chilean wife who kept dogs and goldfish. The only document he appears to have passed on to Agent Dymic was a photocopy of an article in the Sunday People about a bungled MI5 raid on the East German Embassy. And each meticulous report ended with a little note of expenses incurred; parking, two pounds; underground ticket, one pound. Signed: Jan Dymic. For clarity I spent a morning with the woman who is now the custodian of millions of documents still marked "TOP SECRET": the Director of the Czech Security Services Archive. For research purposes these dossiers - once jealously guarded by the Communist-era secret police and intelligence services - are now freely available to anyone; all you have to do is ask for them. The director had also given me Dymic's own personnel file. But his Slovak was littered with arcane abbreviations and jargon, and I was having trouble understanding them. "COB" was Jeremy Corbyn's codename, that much was obvious. Nothing sinister in that, she told me; the StB used them for everyone, including people they were interested in cultivating. OK, but what were "GREENHOUSE I" and "GREENHOUSE II" - mentioned repeatedly in the files? The Czechoslovaks seemed obsessed with trying to penetrate these targets, and many of Dymic's approaches to British politicians - Jeremy Corbyn among them - were initiated with the aim of gaining access to them. "GREENHOUSE…" the director frowned, peering at the screen. "I'm sorry...." she admitted, after a few minutes. "I've really got no idea." Two days later, speeding down the motorway to Slovakia, I made a mental note to ask Agent Dymic - now just Jan Sarkocy - what this "GREENHOUSE" was. I had mixed feelings about this meeting, secured after many emails and texts. At home, the StB were the praetorian guard of Czechoslovak communism, responsible for hounding dissidents, torturing priests, and spying on a cowed population. Today, the epithet "estebak" - an StB officer - is still a term of abuse. They also had several high-profile successes abroad; recruiting two Labour MPs from the UK in the 1950s and 60s. Their rivals in military intelligence even recruited a Conservative one. After a huddle outside his house with Slovak reporters - where he made his explosive claims - Sarkocy had gone to ground, and was no longer talking. But finally, he relented, and so I now found myself outside his home in the village of Limbach, about half an hour north of Bratislava. A thick layer of snow lay on the ground as we waited for him to answer the door. Lines from John Le Carre novels filled my head. "It is cold in Limbach at this time of the year," I said in an exaggerated East European accent, to ease the tension. My Czech colleague - there to film the interview - laughed. In the end Jan Sarkocy was garrulous and friendly, still regarding his brief tenure in London with great affection. Most of what he told me, about an array of people and institutions, was so libellous - not to mention confusing - that I cannot even begin to repeat it here. But oddly not even he could remember what GREENHOUSE I and GREENHOUSE II were. The answer finally came from a BBC colleague. "I've made some calls," he wrote. "The main effort of the StB abroad, as directed by their Russian masters, was to penetrate the UK's intelligence agencies. So GREENHOUSE I was probably Century House, the former headquarters of the SIS, more commonly known as MI6." Ah. And GREENHOUSE II was, I suppose, the headquarters of MI5. The GREENHOUSE mystery solved, and the Corbyn frenzy dying down in London, I boarded a train back to Prague. As the 12:10 from Bratislava sped through the frozen fields, my head still spinning, I did what any journalist does at the end of a story: my expenses. Parking; two euros. Tram ticket: one. I suddenly had an image of Jan Sarkocy doing his in London 30 years ago. A different job. A different era. But some things, I suppose, never change.

ब्रिटेन में इस सप्ताह ज्यादातर खबरें चेकोस्लोवाकिया के एक पूर्व जासूस के आरोपों से प्रेरित हैं कि विपक्षी लेबर नेता जेरेमी कॉर्बिन देश की कम्युनिस्ट युग की गुप्त पुलिस, एसटीबी के लिए एक सशुल्क मुखबिर थे। श्री कॉर्बिन इन दावों का जोरदार खंडन करते हैं। वास्तव में सभी सबूत बताते हैं कि वह कभी भी एसटीबी के लिए रुचि रखने वाले व्यक्ति से ज्यादा कुछ नहीं थे। लेकिन जैसा कि रॉब कैमरन प्राग से रिपोर्ट करते हैं, जब शीत युद्ध समाप्त हो गया है, तब भी पीले कागज की कुछ कतरनों में जीवन को उथल-पुथल में डालने की शक्ति है।


Tech Tent: Sexism in Silicon Valley

Summary: Silicon Valley and the wider tech industry have a problem with women. At least, that is what you might conclude after a week that has seen a leading tech investor resign after admitting his involvement in sexual harassment.

Rory Cellan-JonesTechnology correspondent@BBCRoryCJon Twitter On the Tech Tent podcast this week, we talk to two women who have been on the receiving end of that kind of behaviour and ask why the culture of Silicon Valley appears to be stuck in the last century. We also discuss a week that has seen the demise of the internal combustion engine come closer - as Volvo announced that all its cars will soon include an electric motor - and we meet the woman who has a powerful role in regulating Facebook and other tech giants in Europe. Tech's Problem With Women You might think that California was among the most liberal, even politically correct, places on Earth. But tell that to women in the technology industry. We knew how few women there were at senior levels in tech companies - and the situation is even worse at the venture capital firms that fund them. Now we are finding out just why they may find it difficult to thrive. This week has seen the latest in a series of scandals that have underlined something deeply wrong with the culture of Silicon Valley. Dave McClure, the co-founder of 500 Startups, an important and powerful figure in the funding of small tech firms, resigned after accusations that he had sexually harassed a female entrepreneur. Then another woman came forward with similar allegations. Malaysian tech entrepreneur Cheryl Yeoh posted an account on her website of a brainstorming evening with Mr McClure and a group of other people in her apartment, which ended with him proposing that they should sleep together and pushing her against a wall to demand a kiss. On our programme, Ms Yeoh gives her first interview about her story, telling Zoe Kleinman she did not confront Mr McClure after the incident, afraid of what it might mean for her business and the deal she was trying to strike with him. "If I had told him how angry I was at the time, he might have pulled the deal off." We've contacted Mr McClure about the allegations but have not heard back from him so far. We also talk to one of the most prominent women in Silicon Valley, Danae Ringelmann, co-founder of the crowdfunding site Indiegogo. She tells us of her own experience of sexual harassment, when a drunken entrepreneur groped her at a post-conference party. She says there was not the same power imbalance as in Ms Yeoh's case - she wasn't seeking funding from the entrepreneur - but she still thought long and hard about reporting the incident. "I've had the same type of concerns as other women - do I say something and risk hurting my company or do I shut up?" In recent weeks, more women have felt emboldened to tell their stories about sexual harassment and other forms of discrimination. Silicon Valley's cool liberal image is under threat - and the pressure is growing to do something about it. The Electric Future Will we look back one day and say this was the week when the electric car's time finally arrived? At a press conference in Sweden's capital Stockholm this week, Volvo Cars announced that from 2019 all its new models will be fully or partly electric-powered. On Friday, the first Tesla Model 3 - the electric car-maker's first mass-market model - rolls off the production line. And France has announced that by 2040, cars that use petrol or diesel will be banned from its roads. But reaching a time when the internal combustion engine can take its place in a museum rather than on the road may still prove a long and complex journey. For the mass of motorists, electric cars are still much too pricey a proposition. Of nearly 250,000 cars sold in the UK last year, fewer than 11,000 were electric or hybrid vehicles. Then there is the infrastructure needed to make electric cars a practical choice. For someone like me who lives in a terraced house, the idea of stretching an extension cable across the pavement to power my car does not appeal. Until there are charging points on every street and a network of fast-charging stations across the country, many motorists will say no to electric. Rachel Burgess from Autocar magazine tells the programme that Volvo's pledge may not be quite as dramatic as it appears - all carmakers have signed up to reducing the carbon emissions of their fleet and quite a lot of its cars will be what are called 48v mild hybrids, mostly powered by petrol or diesel rather than a small electric motor. Still, the electric car now has momentum, and we can expect to see further announcements from major carmakers who want to seem in tune with the future. Ireland's Data Overlord It's a small country geographically on the fringe of Europe, but Republic of Ireland wields great power when it comes to regulating America's tech giants. That is because many of them - and notably Facebook - have their European headquarters there, and that means that Ireland's Data Protection Commissioner Helen Dixon can change the way they operate in the EU. She tells Tech Tent that American firms are learning they have to shape their policies to a European view of data privacy. One example: she has told Facebook that it can't use the facial recognition technology it applies in the United States in Europe. She also feels that European consumers are becoming less accepting of the bargain where we get free services from the American tech giants in return for being tracked. Ever noticed that a pair of trainers can seem to follow you around the internet if you've searched for them once? Ms Dixon tells us that this phenomenon is irritating more and more people: "They want to know why it is that you're serving me these ads." This week the UK's data protection regulator, the Information Commissioner, criticised an NHS hospital for the way it handed over patient data to Google's DeepMind division without many checks. Ms Dixon says these kind of deals that see public bodies collaborate with the tech giants will come in for closer scrutiny and regulators will ask some key questions: "What's the transparency to the public? Do they understand that the data is being shared and what are the purpose and benefits?" In May next year, Europe's new data protection law, the GDPR, comes into force. That will mean every organisation, large or small, has to be much more careful about how it shares data across borders - and it will make regulators like Ms Dixon even more powerful.

सिलिकॉन वैली और व्यापक तकनीकी उद्योग में महिलाओं के साथ समस्या है। कम से कम, आप एक सप्ताह के बाद यही निष्कर्ष निकाल सकते हैं कि एक प्रमुख तकनीकी निवेशक ने यौन उत्पीड़न में अपनी संलिप्तता स्वीकार करने के बाद इस्तीफा दे दिया है।


What is 'Aussie' flu and should we be worried?

Summary: The NHS is preparing itself for a bad flu season.

One of the strains circulating this year - H3N2 - has been dubbed Aussie flu because it is the same strain that recently caused big problems for Australia. Australia's 2017 flu season was the worst the country had experienced in nearly a decade. Experts are waiting to see if similar will happen in the UK, after a recent rise in cases. What is Aussie flu? Every winter there are a few strains circulating and Aussie flu or H3N2 is just one of them. It is an influenza A virus that appears to cause more severe infections in young children and the elderly. Most people will recover in about a week and won't need any specific treatment, apart from a bit of bed rest, some paracetamol or ibuprofen and drinking plenty of fluids. But for some - the very old, very young or people with pre-existing health conditions such as heart disease - flu can be deadly. Is Aussie flu worse than other types of flu? The UK is seeing a mix of flu types circulating including influenza B as well as the H3N2 strain. H3N2 is not new. It was around last winter too. Any strain of flu, including H3N2, can be dangerous for people who are vulnerable to it. Experience from last winter suggests the elderly are a high risk group for H3N2. Influenza viruses are given different names based on their type - A, B and C. A is usually the most serious while C is usually a milder infection. They can be further subdivided according to the proteins that they carry on their surface. These are called H and N antigens. The main strains circulating this winter are A(H3N2), A(H1N1) and B. How bad is the situation in the UK? Hospital admissions and GP visits for influenza have seen a sharp rise going into 2018, and although the figures are higher than last winter they are nowhere near as high as in 2009 when the swine flu pandemic hit the UK. Professor Paul Cosford, Medical Director, Public Health England said: "As we would expect at this time of year, flu levels have increased this week. Our data shows that more people are visiting GPs with flu symptoms and we are seeing more people admitted to hospitals with the flu. The vaccine is the best defence we have against the spread of flu and it isn't too late to get vaccinated." What about the flu jab? The vaccine is designed to protect against the type of flu circulating in any given season. Every year, the World Health Organization reviews the global situation and recommends which flu strains should go into the vaccine to be manufactured for the following season. This year's flu jab is designed to protect against H3N2 as well as some other strains. How effective is it? Vaccination is the best protection we have against flu. But flu is unpredictable. Flu viruses constantly mutate and change, so it is a moving target to fight. Public Health England says typical effectiveness of the flu vaccine is 40-60%, which means that for every 100 people vaccinated, between 40 and 60 will be protected. At risk people are advised to have annual flu jabs because flu strains can change from year to year, plus protection from the flu vaccine may wane after about six months. Adults aged over 65, pregnant women and those with underlying health conditions are advised to get a free flu jab. A flu nasal spray is available free to young children, who are thought to be the main spreaders of flu. Why doesn't it stop all strains? In general, current flu vaccines tend to work better against influenza B and influenza A/H1N1 viruses than H3N2, according to US experts at the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. And it's already known that flu vaccines may work less well in elderly people because they have weaker immune systems. Dr Richard Pebody, from Public Health England, said: "This season's flu vaccine should be providing reasonable protection, similar to last winter. Last year the vaccine did not give quite as good protection for the elderly for H3N2. "That's something that we are watching closely to see if it is an issue this winter." How the vaccines are made might also determine their effectiveness, according to research. Flu vaccines used in the UK and in many other parts of the world are currently grown in chicken eggs and this process can be tricky. Recent research in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) found the H3N2 part of the flu vaccine did not grow simply during this process and developed mutations. When they tested the vaccine in animals and humans they found the H3N2 part did a partial job of protecting against this strain of flu. The vaccine had 20-30% effectiveness against H3N2. Experts stress this is still our best defence against the virus. And the jab provides excellent protection against other flu strains. A spokesman from Public Health England said: "Although we would like this to be higher, this is still a very valuable level of protection against what can be a nasty and sometimes deadly illness." Early indications suggest people vaccinated with a trivalent flu jab will not be protected against one of the circulating B viruses - B/Yamagata. The flu nasal spray immunisation given to children does protect against this strain, as does the quadrivalent flu jab, however. Trivalent vaccines will still offer better protection than having no vaccine in many cases, even if they may not protect against all of the circulating strains. Should I have a flu jab? Experts recommend that all those who are eligible for a free flu jab on the NHS should take up the offer. If you want to protect yourself against flu and you're not in one of the groups, you can buy the flu jab from high street pharmacies. People who can get it for free from the NHS include: A flu nasal spray is available to two and three-year-olds and some children at primary school. Front-line health and social care workers are also eligible to receive the flu vaccine. Is it flu? Flu symptoms come on very quickly and can include: Should I go to hospital? If you develop sudden chest pain, have difficulty breathing or start coughing up blood, call 999 or go to A&E. See your GP if: Help stop the spread Flu is very infectious and easily spread to other people. You're more likely to give it to others in the first five days. Flu is spread by germs from coughs and sneezes, which can live on hands and surfaces for 24 hours. To reduce the risk of spreading flu:

एन. एच. एस. एक खराब फ्लू के मौसम के लिए खुद को तैयार कर रहा है।


Queer Eye couple Tom and Abby get remarried

Summary: A favourite Queer Eye couple have remarried in secret.

Tom Jackson and Abby Parr's romance was featured on the first episode of Netflix's rebooted version of the show. The 58-year-old's heartwarming episode, "you can't fix ugly," ended in a tearful conclusion as he was re-united with Abby after his makeover transformation. The pair, who had remained friends for 12 years, eloped and were married in Gatlinburg, Tennessee on 27 March. Tom announced their engagement on Twitter a few weeks before. The "Fab Five"- Bobby Berk, Antoni Porowski, Jonathan Van Ness, Tan France and Karamo Brown- did not attend the small wedding, but Tom previously told Us Weekly that he had kept up many of his makeover routines. "I have my beard trimmed every two weeks and I use the beard conditioner and Jonathan told me two squirts of oil to keep my beard soft. I love the Fab 5!" The 52-year-old bride told the US weekly: "I was excited and happy! I was marrying the love of my life. Tom looked happy and excited as I walked down the aisle - I was looking at him looking at me and he was smiling as I walked down the aisle!" The new show takes place in the southern US and features five gay men who makeover ordinary, typically straight, men. And not just physically- they also offer advice about how they might change their attitude or general demeanour. 'Queer Eye for the Straight Guy' originally ran from 2003 to 2007 with a different cast and was remade by Netflix with a new cast debuting in 2018.

एक पसंदीदा क्वीर आई जोड़े ने गुप्त रूप से पुनर्विवाह किया है।


Seth MacFarlane: From Family Guy to leading man

Summary: Seth MacFarlane is best known for creating long-running animations Family Guy and American Dad, as well as voicing many of the show's characters. He spoke to the BBC about his latest film, offending people and how the American press is losing its sense of humour.

By Genevieve HassanEntertainment reporter, BBC News "I like being involved in all aspects of a movie or TV show - if I'm involved in a project I'm either involved 150% or I've passed it off to someone else 150%," says Seth MacFarlane. He's not lying - not only did he co-write, produce and direct his latest film A Million Ways to Die in the West, he also co-wrote a song for the comedy western and stars in it too. "It's hard for me to stay only halfway involved in something, so I do like to keep a hand in all facets," he says. Learn to juggle Not that the 40-year-old is power hungry - with fingers in so many different pies he's learned to juggle all the jobs, as well as trust his team to carry out his vision. "It's a combination of being invested in everything but also letting people do what they do because it takes a lot of the load off." Set in the Old West but with a contemporary twist, the film stars MacFarlane as cowardly sheep farmer Albert Stark who is fed up with life on the frontier, while desperately trying to avoid the numerous hazards claiming the lives of those around him. After challenging a love rival to a gun duel, he is helped by town newcomer Anna Barnes (Oscar winner Charlize Theron) to practise his shooting skills. Little does he know, she is the wife of a notorious outlaw (Liam Neeson). It's the comic's first turn as a live-action leading man, having spent most of his time behind the camera as the familiar voices of Family Guy characters including Peter Griffin and Brian the dog, as well as badly behaved bear Ted from his hit 2012 film. With such a recognisable voice, MacFarlane admits some people may have trouble seeing past his famous characters and viewing him instead as an actor. "That was a concern - it's always in the back of my head," he says. "Sometimes there is a disconnect when I see voice actors in person who did characters I've grown up with. "But since the Comedy Central roasts I've done and [hosting] the Oscars, I hope some of that has dissipated and people can separate me from the characters on Family Guy." 'Freak of Nature' Following on from the success of Ted - which is currently the highest-grossing R-rated original comedy ever - A Million Ways to Die in the West has a lot to live up to. "Ted was a freak of nature. It would be unrealistic to expect this movie to perform like Ted did," says MacFarlane, who insists he isn't feeling the pressure. "I'm happy with how this turned out. I don't generally operate in terms of pressuring myself with box office returns - I do projects that interest me and if I've done my job people will respond and go see the movie." Undoubtedly, box office receipts will be linked to whether audiences "get" the writer's brand of dark comedy and slapstick humour which has made Family Guy so successful, and whether it can translate to the big screen. MacFarlane is well known for the somewhat controversial material he includes in his animated series - a medium where he can arguably get away with more than in a live-action comedy. But with gags that touch on sexism, racism and even child abuse in the film, the writer believes the problem is not with his jokes, it's everyone else's sense of humour. "I think people are losing the ability to process context - not so much here [in the UK], but certainly in the States," he says. "Ironically the American entertainment press is losing it faster than the average American. "All in the Family was the greatest American sitcom, in my opinion, ever - it was on the early '70s and it was a huge hit. "The central character [Archie Bunker] was a total bigot, a total racist and his son-in-law who lived with him was a very progressive liberal who hated his racism. "The words that would come out of Archie's mouth - it was racist, it was sexist, it was homophobic - but that was his character and you were laughing at him for being ignorant. "Nowadays if that show was on, I think American people would get it, but the American press would not able to look past the words Archie is using. There would be no appreciation of context and that is a problem. "There is some stuff that is indefensible, but in order to separate you can't just say everything is offensive - which is what the American entertainment press has become. It's just become a lot of people screaming about things they are offended by." So does anything offend the comic? "There are things that offend me, like people committing horrific crimes or people harming animals - but I've never seen anything in a movie, TV show or fictitious production has ever really offended me. "I reserve that for real things." A Million Ways to Die in the West is on general release in the UK.

सेठ मैकफार्लेन को लंबे समय से चलने वाले एनिमेशन फैमिली गाइ और अमेरिकन डैड बनाने के साथ-साथ शो के कई पात्रों को आवाज देने के लिए जाना जाता है। उन्होंने बीबीसी से अपनी नवीनतम फिल्म, लोगों को आहत करने और कैसे अमेरिकी प्रेस अपने हास्य की भावना खो रहा है, के बारे में बात की।


The story of women's football in 10 objects

Summary: A hundred years ago, teams of women were playing in front of large crowds and making big money. Then the Football Association banned them from its grounds. Here's the story of the fall and rise of women's football, told through 10 objects collected by the National Football Museum.

By Bill WilsonBusiness reporter, BBC News "Complaints having been made as to football being played by women, the [FA] council feel impelled to express their strong opinion that the game of football is quite unsuitable for females and ought not to be encouraged. Complaints have also been made as to the conditions under which some of these matches have been arranged and played, and the appropriation of receipts to other than charitable objects." With these words in 1921, the FA decided to ban the playing of women's football in FA-member grounds, which strangled the game as a successful business as the stricture remained in place for 50 years. In other countries there were outright bans on women playing. Jean Williams, the University of Wolverhampton's professor of sport, takes us through items which show the business history and struggles of the women's game. 1. 1895 Sketch magazine print of Nettie Honeyball 'in her football costume' "In 1863 we get the formation of the Football Association and of the modern game. The first women's football games that we know about are in 1881, and they are professional games played to large audiences and they make money. It seems they are organised by local businessmen. The 1881-82 games are relatively short lived. "Nettie Honeyball is the secretary and captain of the first British Ladies Football Club, which was founded in 1894. She was a middle class woman, and they had a non-playing president Lady Florence Dixie, who was upper class. "In historic terms this was the first time women organised football for women. The first game was in Crouch End in 1895 before 10,000 people, which must have generated healthy receipts. Hundreds of games follow in the next few years and the women's game is played all over Britain." 2. Wheaties cereal box from the 1990s featuring US player Michelle Akers "In the 1991 women's world championship she was the winner of the golden boot. She was the first real international women's football star and was massive in the US. She paved the way for Mia Hamm and Hope Solo, but interestingly one of the things that constricted her potential success was that she suffered from chronic fatigue disorder. But for that, her international profile could have been much more. "The narrative of the Wheaties box is that she has had challenges to overcome but is still achieving and can't be held back. This is all referred to on the packaging of the cereal, which the manufacturers call 'The Breakfast of Champions'. "It is one of the first commercial endorsements of this type in the 1990s, at a time when Fifa finally decided they were going to actively oversee women's football, having taken over its stewardship in 1971 but not doing much to promote it in the intervening years." 3. Programmes from 1950s women's football matches "The crux of the FA's ban is that it does not ban women's football outright, but stops it being played on member clubs' grounds. Before the ban women's football is an entertainment spectacle, and if you play it in enclosed stadiums then you can charge people money to come in and watch. "Once the ban comes in women's football goes to other venues: to rugby league and cricket grounds, as well as other venues. These programmes show games being played at Belle Vue speedway stadium, Manchester, and at a general sports stadium on the Isle of Man. "But the FA puts pressure on other sports not to host women's games, which destroys the business model of the women's game. And that gives growth to the myth that women's football has never been an entertaining commercial spectacle. The game is still finding its way back from the ban." 4. Christie and Barbie football dolls "These dolls were released for sale before the 1999 Women's World Cup by toymaker Mattel. The goalkeeper of that team was Briana Scurry." [The first woman goalkeeper and first black woman to be elected to the US National Soccer Hall of Fame.] "But more generally, it reflects [the fact] that the American consumer market was sensitive and aware of questions of ethnicity and race. The marketing of the dolls was as diverse and inclusive as it could be. "There was obviously already an established business around the Barbie and Christie brands, but such was the growing marketing power of women's football that a major manufacturer thought it could cash in further around the 1999 World Cup." 5. Shirt from Eniola Aluko's debut, England v Netherlands, 2004 "The business significance is that major manufacturer Umbro produced the shirt. Historically, sporting brands have not created consumer markets in women's football replica wear in the same way that they have done in other sports, particularly the high-fashion ones of tennis and golf. "It is only relatively recently that that sporting brands have released football shirts cut for women, or boots specifically made for female feet. However, while these other aspects of women's football shirts have progressed, what is interesting is that often the shirt sponsors within the game are not of such 'high brand value' as the men's game. "There is a real opportunity out there for brands such as cosmetics firms to sponsor women's football teams, but you get brands like Nivea preferring to partner with the Liverpool men's football team." 6. A ticket from the 1991 Women's World Championship with sponsor "This ticket, being sponsored by M&Ms, shows that a major US confectionery brand was using women's football to try and crack the potential new business market of China. The tournament was played for the M&Ms Cup. Meanwhile, China wanted to establish a commercial relationship with the West. "There were seven sponsors of this first official women's global tournament in 1991, which Fifa interestingly, and tentatively, called a 'world championship' and not a World Cup. Fifa wanted to get into China and China wanted to join the world football family, so to test the waters this low-financial-risk event was drawn up. "The event was a sporting success and also a successful media product, it was sold to TV companies around the world, and it showed full stadia for the women's game." 7. Ball and boots of the type worn by 1920s/30s star Lily Parr "Lily Parr was the star of the Dick, Kerr Ladies football team of Preston. She began playing for the team at 14, and played for them for 20 years. There are various reports of Lily receiving 'broken time payments', that is, financial compensation for amateur players for time they had had to take off from their day jobs. These women players were nurses, munitions workers, and so on. "These payments, with her earnings from nursing, enabled her to become the first person in her family to own their own home. Obviously this all relates to the ban of 1921 as the FA decides too much of the charitable funds from women's matches are being used for player expenses. They were meant to be amateurs but the financial arrangements could be described as at best opaque. "The boots and ball are from her era. She was a left winger, then moved back into defence and ended her career in goal." 8. Poster for an unofficial Women's World Cup in 1970 "There were two unofficial Women's World Cups held in the early 1970s: one in Italy in 1970 and one in Mexico a year later, both backed by local business interests and played in major football stadiums. "In Mexico the event definitely looked to piggyback the men's World Cup held in the country the previous year. That would explain the commercialisation of the women's event there, which was considerable, with key rings, badges, programmes and other consumables produced, and a lot of coverage in the local press. The final was played in the Azteca Stadium in front of 110,000. "The Italian event was sponsored by Italian multinational drinks brand Martini & Rossi, and its final was held in the Turin's Stadio Communale in front of 40,000." [Denmark defeated the host nations in both finals]. 9. Postcard of Dick, Kerr Ladies FC (1920s) "Dick, Kerr wanted to be known as the best in the world, but also wanted to plug into the success of the local men's team and the civic notion of Proud Preston. They had a regular paying public who supported them financially at weekends but also at pioneering floodlit matches. "Most of the crowds at their games are local working-class men. When we think we are being progressive by following women's football, it was these men who were coming out to support the team week in, week out. "This commercially-produced postcard is evidence of 'ambient marketing', typical of how the team's fame spread beyond their home town to a much wider audience. Newsreel films and magazine articles will also have spread their name further afield." 10. Art deco statuette of a female footballer "Because women's football has always been topical, representing modernity, assertive female physicality, and - in its early days - played solely to raise large sums of money, its broader representation has always been culturally significant. "So artefacts, collectables, disposable items, ephemera, have been created around the game over the decades. This statuette is an example of a stylised female football player that someone would have had in their home. It is 1920s in appearance. "There were a lot of similar models made around women's boxing and athletics; beautified art deco creations." Professor Williams has organised Upfront and Onside: The Women's Football Conference, about the history and heritage of women's football to be held at the National Football Museum in Manchester on International Women's Day, 8 March, and the following day.

सौ साल पहले, महिलाओं की टीमें बड़ी भीड़ के सामने खेलती थीं और बहुत पैसा कमाती थीं। फिर फुटबॉल संघ ने उन्हें अपने मैदान से प्रतिबंधित कर दिया। यहाँ महिला फुटबॉल के पतन और उदय की कहानी है, जिसे राष्ट्रीय फुटबॉल संग्रहालय द्वारा एकत्र की गई 10 वस्तुओं के माध्यम से बताया गया है।


Bring in political solution - TNA

Summary: The Tamil National Alliance (TNA) has called on the authorities to bring in a political solution if the government is genuine in winning the hearts and minds of Sri Lankan Tamils.

TNA parliamentarian Chandrakanthan Chandraneru told BBC Sandeshaya that Tamil people will not gain anything from government capturing territory from the LTTE. He was responding to President Mahinda Rajapaksa’s announcement that government troops captured the former LTTE political headquarters, Kilinochchi. The security forces re-captured the eastern province from the LTTE in 2007. “Everybody says that the east is currently an open prison. People cannot freely walk around in the east. Tamil people fear that same will happen in the north,” the MP told BBC Sinhala service. Mr. Chandraneru stressed that the war will continue, unless a political solution is provided, despite Sri Lanka troops capturing key strongholds from the LTTE.

तमिल राष्ट्रीय गठबंधन (टी. एन. ए.) ने अधिकारियों से राजनीतिक समाधान लाने का आह्वान किया है यदि सरकार श्रीलंकाई तमिलों का दिल और दिमाग जीतने में वास्तविक है।


Was the Soviet James Bond Vladimir Putin's role model?

Summary: While generations of Westerners were growing up on the films of James Bond, Soviet citizens had their own favourite spy, a wartime agent who went under the name of Max Otto von Stierlitz. And it could easily have been Stierlitz who prompted Vladimir Putin to join the KGB, writes Dina Newman.

The USSR's answer to James Bond was a very different kind of spy. He had no time for women or gadgets. His life was devoted entirely to his work in Berlin in World War Two, where, under cover, he infiltrated the German high command. Stierlitz was the hero of a 12-part series, Seventeen Moments of Spring, screened on Soviet TV every year around 9 May - the date the USSR marked as the end of World War Two. The first broadcast, in 1973, was watched by an estimated 50 to 80 million people. "Every evening the streets were deserted and people rushed home from work to watch the latest episode and to find out what would happen next," says Eleonora Shashkova, one of the stars of the series. Apart from being a gripping drama, it has a perfect Cold War plotline, with Stierlitz disrupting secret peace negotiations between the Nazis and the Americans in 1945. But the film also had another hidden purpose. "The film showed the importance of secret agents, who are highly respected people in our country. It instilled patriotism in the post-war generation," says Shashkova. In fact, it was commissioned by Yuri Andropov - then head of the KGB, later the country's leader - as part of a PR campaign designed to attract young, educated recruits. Andropov personally approved the series before it went on air, shooting was overseen by his first deputy, and two KGB operatives employed as consultants appeared in the credits under aliases. Vladimir Putin has never said whether or not it was Stierlitz who inspired him to become a spy. But he was 21 when the film was first screened, and he joined the KGB two years later. In time, like Stierlitz himself, he was posted to Germany. If Bond was a pathologically heavy drinker, Stierlitz - like Putin - was quite the opposite. In the film he spends most of his time alone, smoking, drinking coffee and looking pensively out of windows. Find out more Listen to Dina Newman talking to Eleonora Shashkova for Witness, on the BBC World Service Download the Witness podcast In fact, Kim Philby, the British spy who defected to the USSR in 1963, commented that a spy who looked so thoughtful would not last long in his job. In 1991, when Putin had already left the KGB and was working for the mayor of St Petersburg, he admitted for the first time to his career as a spy in a TV documentary, which includes a re-enacted scene from Seventeen Moments of Spring. Instead of Stierlitz driving his car back to Berlin, Putin is seen at the wheel of a Russian Volga car, with the film's theme tune playing in the background. In the documentary, the future Russian president warns there is a risk that "for a period of time, our country will turn to totalitarianism". He goes on: "But the danger lies not in the law enforcement organs, nor in the state security services nor in the police - and not even in the army. The danger lies in our own mentality. We all think - and even I think it sometimes - that if we bring order with an iron fist, life will be easier, more comfortable and safer. But in reality, we won't be comfortable for long: the iron fist will soon strangle us all." Some years later, in the chaos of the late 1990s, many Russians did indeed begin to yearn for law and order, and some for the iron fist. Opinion polls indicated that voters were keen for the next president to be young, ethnically Russian, a former member of the security services and a non-drinker. "Having lost faith in liberals, the country was searching for its Stierlitz," writes Arkady Ostrovsky, Russia and Eastern Europe editor for the Economist, in his book, The Invention of Russia. In 1999, he notes, the Kommersant newspaper commissioned a poll asking which film character Russians would like as their next president. Stierlitz came second, after the wartime military commander Marshal Zhukov. The cover of the newspaper's weekly supplement carried a picture of Stierlitz with the caption, "President-2000". And in March 2000, after a period as acting president, Putin was duly elected to the post. More from the Magazine Anyone who wants to understand Vladimir Putin today needs to know the story of what happened to him on a dramatic night in East Germany a quarter of a century ago, writes Chris Bowlby (March 2015). Vladimir Putin's formative German years Eleonora Shashkova plays Stierlitz's wife in Seventeen Moments of Spring, but interestingly, the two characters never meet - except in one famous scene, where she is taken from Russia to Berlin, and visits a cafe with another man. Stierlitz is already sitting at another table in the cafe, and from time to time they manage to exchange furtive glances, full of longing. The viewer sees his eyes, then hers, then his eyes again. Ater a few minutes she gets up and slowly walks out. On her 70th birthday, in December 2007 - more than seven years into the Putin era - Shashkova received a special present, unprecedented in the history of Soviet cinema. It was a thank you gift from the Russian secret service, for her portrayal of the wife of a foreign agent. Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat and Twitter.

जब पश्चिमी लोगों की पीढ़ियाँ जेम्स बॉन्ड की फिल्मों पर बड़ी हो रही थीं, तब सोवियत नागरिकों का अपना पसंदीदा जासूस था, एक युद्धकालीन एजेंट जो मैक्स ओटो वॉन स्टियरलिट्ज़ के नाम से चला जाता था। और यह आसानी से स्टियरलिट्ज़ हो सकता था जिसने व्लादिमीर पुतिन को केजीबी में शामिल होने के लिए प्रेरित किया, दीना न्यूमैन लिखती हैं।


University opens without any teachers

Summary: A university without any teachers has opened in California this month.

By Matt Pickles . It's called 42 - the name taken from the answer to the meaning of life, from the science fiction series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. The US college, a branch of an institution in France with the same name, will train about a thousand students a year in coding and software development by getting them to help each other with projects, then mark one another's work. This might seem like the blind leading the blind - and it's hard to imagine parents at an open day being impressed by a university offering zero contact hours. But since 42 started in Paris in 2013, applications have been hugely oversubscribed. No tuition fees Recent graduates are now working at companies including IBM, Amazon, and Tesla, as well as starting their own firms. 42 was founded by French technology billionaire Xavier Niel, whose backing means there are no tuition fees and accommodation is free. Mr Niel and his co-founders come from the world of technology and start-ups, and they are trying to do to education what Facebook did to communication and Airbnb to accommodation. They aim to do this by combining an extreme form of "peer-to-peer learning" with project-based learning. Both are popular methods among education researchers, but they usually involve the supervision of a teacher. Students at 42 are given a choice of projects that they might be set in a job as a software engineer - perhaps to design a website or a computer game. They complete a project using resources freely available on the internet and by seeking help from their fellow students, who work alongside them in a large open-plan room full of computers. Another student will then be randomly assigned to mark their work. Like in the computer games the students are asked to design, they go up a level by competing a project. They graduate when they reach level 21, which usually takes three to five years. And at the end there is a certificate but no formal degree. Self-starters The founders claim this method of learning makes up for shortcomings in the traditional education system, which they say encourages students to be passive recipients of knowledge. "The feedback we have had from employers is that our graduates are more apt to go off and find out information for themselves, rather than asking their supervisor what to do next," says Brittany Bir, chief operating officer of 42 in California and a graduate of its sister school in Paris. Learning from learners "Peer-to-peer learning develops students with the confidence to search for solutions by themselves, often in quite creative and ingenious ways." Ms Bir says 42's graduates will be better able to work with others and discuss and defend their ideas - an important skill in the "real world'" of work. More stories from the BBC's Global education series looking at education from an international perspective, and how to get in touch "This is particularly important in computer programming, where individuals are notorious for lacking certain human skills," she says. The idea of peer learning is not new and many universities and schools already use it, particularly in more collaborative subjects like engineering. In fact, Aristotle was said to have used "archons", or student leaders, to help teach his students. But more recent research has shown that peer learning can help students gain a deeper understanding of a subject. Education expert Professor Phil Race says difficult topics can be easier to understand when they are explained by someone who only recently learned the material themselves. Professor Dan Butin, founding dean of the school of education and social policy at Merrimack College in Massachusetts, argues that peer learning and project-based learning should be used even more widely in schools and universities. He says they are "much better learning tools" than lectures, which do not usually challenge the way students think. Value of teaching But he thinks 42 has gone too far by removing teachers altogether. His research suggests peer learning is most effective when students are under the supervision of an expert teacher. "The deep reason for a teacher is to guide students to grapple with exactly the complex, ambiguous, and tough issues that are usually outside of students' self-awareness or capabilities," he says. "Good teachers are able to guide students to what I call these "aha!" moments." Prof Butin says "the whole point of a university" is to challenge a student's prior knowledge and assumptions about the world. A university without teachers could allow students to simply "reinforce and regurgitate" their existing opinions. 42's model might offer an alternative to Moocs (massive open online courses, which let large numbers of students cheaply study a subject online. Like a Mooc, it provides a more affordable education than a traditional university. But it also gives students the social benefits of coming to a physical building and interacting with others every day. The opening of 42 also follows the rise of "coding academies" in the US, which offer short, intensive courses to thousands of students wanting to take advantage of the high demand for software developers. Self-motivated students But could 42's model of teacherless learning work in mainstream universities? Britanny Bir admits 42's methods do not suit all students. During the month-long selection period, some applicants fell out because of the stresses of working closely together. It is easy to imagine reacting badly to a poor mark if it was given by the student in the desk next to you. "It suits individuals who are very disciplined and self-motivated, and who are not scared by having the freedom to work at their own pace," she says. Nicolas Sadirac, director of 42 in Paris, says the model works particularly well for students who have been frustrated and left behind by mainstream education. "The education system in France fails a lot of passionate students, who feel frustrated by being told what to do and how to do it," he says. 42's selection process ignores previous academic qualifications, and 40% of students at 42 in Paris did not even complete secondary school. "42 has reminded them that learning can be fun if you follow what you are interested in, rather than being told by teachers to focus on one thing in particular," says Mr Sadirac.

कैलिफोर्निया में इस महीने बिना किसी शिक्षक के एक विश्वविद्यालय खोला गया है।


Somerset floods one year on

Summary: A new exhibition profiles a number of Somerset residents whose lives were changed by months of flooding one year ago. Using images and interviews, families and individuals recount their experiences of the unprecedented events last year as large parts of the Somerset Levels spent much of the winter under water.

Photographer Matilda Temperley, who is from a family of cider brandy makers in the Thorney area, used her camera to document some of the lives that were most affected. The result was more than 1,000 images. "After the event people expect to get back to normal but it takes a really long time. There's so many things that have to be redone. Some people are still working on their house, some people are still not moved in," she said. Penny Cotton One of those left devastated was a patient of Penny Cotton (pictured above right), who was awarded Volunteer Hero title at last year's Pride of Somerset Awards. "She'd lost her home, she'd lost her neighbours, she'd lost her friends, she'd lost her community and she'd lost all her belongings and I had to help some of these people," said Ms Cotton. John Leach John Leach, a potter in Muchelney since 1965, said: "Nobody believes. Once it's flooded, it's almost like it's always flooded." But he acknowledges that it is now in the past and everyone must look forward. "We're optimistic and we're trying to be positive because we want to go on living here." The Reverend Jane Haslam The Reverend Jane Haslam, vicar of St Peter and St John Church in Moorland, recalls villagers looking at her "in complete disbelief" as she knocked on doors telling people they had been advised to leave. She said the church remains "just a shell" but she is confident it will reopen again and she hopes people will "live with some relative peace and security, free from fear and a stronger community". Nick Frost Looking back, Nick Frost wishes he had rearranged the furniture in his Thorney home. "The table's probably worth more than the stuff which was stacked-up on top of it, so what I should have done is left all that rubbish on the floor and put the table on top of it," he said. Rebecca Horsington Many good relationships were formed during the flooding, according to Rebecca Horsington who helped to launch the Flooding on the Levels Action Group. "Suddenly people appreciate that when push comes to shove, everybody was there for everybody, as much as they could be," she said. "There are, though, a lot of people who are quite mentally scarred by this. Every time there is heavy rainfall you can see people worrying about the weather and worrying about what is going to happen." The Winslade family At its deepest, the flood water on James Winslade's beef farm at Moorland was 16ft (4.9m). "We sold a hundred cattle on the Saturday and 40 on the Monday. I was quite tearful there. It wasn't the selling of the cattle but the reaction afterwards. Everybody did a standing ovation and clapped. You could feel that everybody was supporting you. "Without the local community pulling together and the huge amount of volunteers coming to help, I don't know how we would have got back on our feet to be honest." Rod and Holly Baillie-Grohman Rod and Holly Baillie-Grohman, in Thorney, described the experience as having "to address every corner of your existence, in the year, and rebuild it". They described it as a "foul experience", saying: "You know, you live through the thing itself, the flood, and then it all goes away but then the disgustingness of having all the plaster off, all the floors up and everything, is just so disgusting." The Sadler family It is a similar memory for the Sadler family in Moorland, who said they now "class it as going through hell and back". "We spend every weekend going home not just trying to rebuild our lives but lives for our animals as well - did it really have to take this long to put us back together?" Julian Temperley It was a sight that Julian Temperley does not want to see again, with hopes raised as he watches some 400 lorries transporting 4,000 tonnes of clay to build a bund near his home. "It will, I should imagine, protect Thorney and the surrounding houses for a long time to come. It does mean that the flood authorities can store another three million cubic metres of water on West Moor without actually running into serious problems in the future." These pictures and stories feature in the exhibition, which is currently at Bridgwater Arts Centre. Mark McGuinness, from Bath Spa University, who helped co-ordinate it, said: "Our interest here is capturing a community voice. To give a sense of the impact this has had on individual families, and how the details of a flooded household can work through into family life , or businesses, or how people think abut their community."

एक नई प्रदर्शनी में समरसेट के कई निवासियों के बारे में बताया गया है, जिनका जीवन एक साल पहले महीनों की बाढ़ से बदल गया था। चित्रों और साक्षात्कारों का उपयोग करते हुए, परिवार और व्यक्ति पिछले साल की अभूतपूर्व घटनाओं के अपने अनुभवों को याद करते हैं क्योंकि समरसेट स्तर के बड़े हिस्से ने सर्दियों का अधिकांश समय पानी के नीचे बिताया था।


The English Game: Netflix replays the birth of modern football

Summary: With elite football suspended because of the coronavirus, fans can still get their fix on TV - in the form of 1880s matches in a new Netflix drama from Downton Abbey creator Julian Fellowes about the men who sowed the seeds for the beautiful game.

By Ian YoungsEntertainment & arts reporter It's the 1883 FA Cup final, and Old Etonians captain Arthur Kinnaird wins the ball deep in his own half before running the length of the pitch, beating three opposition players and firing a screamer towards the top corner. He lets out a roar of celebration, followed by backslaps and handshakes with his team-mates. It's all captured in glorious high definition by a cameraman carrying a Steadicam, the hi-tech stabilised TV kit usually used to film the Premier League. A few minutes later, Kinnaird does exactly the same thing again. Tackle, run, score, roar. This time it's caught in all its glory by a drone camera buzzing overhead. The actual 1883 cup final wasn't televised, obviously. This is a re-enactment, and it's taking place in August 2019 on the set of The English Game, the new six-part drama about the birth of professional football. That match was a historic clash between the former Eton public schoolboys and the mill workers of Blackburn. It was also a pivotal moment because two Lancashire-based Scots had become the first to be paid for playing, at a time when the public schools wanted to keep the game strictly amateur. For their money, they ushered in new tactics, and set football on course to become the all-conquering spectacle we know today. The 1883 final was played at the Kennington Oval in south London. But Netflix has recreated it in a suburban Victorian park in Altrincham, near Manchester. Rather than the estimated 8,000-strong original attendance, there are just 60 extras cheering on the teams from a temporary wooden stand. Half are wearing top hats, the other half are in flat caps. More are due on set in the coming days, and they will be digitally reproduced to bulk out the crowd. The Eton players wear light blue, Blackburn claret. All are in authentic Victorian ankle boots and three-quarter-length trousers - all except Kinnaird, who apparently preferred long trousers. In their midst when the cameras aren't rolling is a man wearing modern football gear. Mike Delaney, a former professional player in Germany's third tier and an England Futsal international, has the official title of "football choreographer". His job is to co-ordinate the on-pitch action sequences - like Kinnaird's goal - to make sure they look realistic on screen. He has previously worked on TV adverts starring idols such as Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi. Here, he has the extra challenge of showing how football was played 137 years ago. "I've tried to make it as authentic as possible," he says. While football teams today might play a 4-5-1 or 4-4-2 formation, Old Etonians played 1-1-8. "Which seems crazy to us nowadays," Delaney says. In the 19th century, public schools such as Eton, Harrow, Charterhouse and Rugby all played with different rules. They eventually came together to settle on a standard set of rules and form the Football Association - although some, like Rugby, preferred to keep playing with their own hands-on rules and funny-shaped balls. Even those who didn't pick up the ball, like Eton, played in a style that had similarities with rugby. According to Delaney, the eight players in the 1-1-8 formation would move together, passing the ball closely as they rushed as one towards the opposition goal. "The Eton players were bigger and stronger [than Blackburn] and had this thing about protecting the ball and moving a bit like a rugby scrum," he says. "And the other [public school] teams had a similar version of that. "But it was not until some of the Scottish players became more involved that they started to understand how they could find a way around this. They could pass the ball around this moving scrum. Because they couldn't match them for power or strength, they had to find another way." The man credited with bringing this revolution in football tactics was Fergus Suter, one of the Glaswegians who moved to Lancashire in the late 1870s. In the Netflix show, he's played by Kevin Guthrie, known for his roles in Sunshine on Leith, Dunkirk and Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them. "Nowadays, what they play is a version of what I guess Suter introduced to the game," he says. "But with Kinnaird and the Old Etonians, visually it's something that we've never seen before, which is a hybrid of football and rugby. So it's a real revelation on both parts. We're playing two extremely different games. The difference is vast." As is the dramatist's prerogative, Julian Fellowes has taken some artistic licence. The 1883 FA Cup Final was contested between Old Etonians and Blackburn Olympic. But Suter never played for Blackburn Olympic. He actually played for local rivals Blackburn Rovers, who went on to lift the cup for the subsequent three years. For the purposes of the TV show, the two teams have been merged to make one club simply called Blackburn. But Fellowes is right in picking out that moment as a turning point. Public school teams dominated the early years of he FA Cup, but in the wake of the Blackburn clubs' new tactics, teams from the north and midlands went on to dominate. The Eton era was over and their style of play became extinct. Perhaps another bit of artistic licence is in the show's name - The English Game. Or maybe it's a small irony on Fellowes' part. "Hopefully it's a bit of a revelation that it's two Scots who come down and reinvent the game," says Guthrie, from East Renfrewshire, with a smile. "This [style] isn't new for Suter at all. This is how they play in Scotland, in Glasgow. Far be it for us to be famed for that nowadays, but passing football started in Scotland. That's certainly what I believe to be the case and that needs to be the story." But he adds that there is more to the TV show than the historical clash of tactics. It's also about the relationship between Suter and his upper-class nemesis Kinnaird, played by Kingsman star Edward Holcroft. "It's about two men," Guthrie explains. "It's about rivalry, it's about class and separation. It's about the fight. "But ultimately, it's about the similarities that they both share in extremely different worlds, and that I think is much more important than selling the idea of the game." The actors troop off the pitch, but will return tomorrow to film extra time. They already know how this game ends up. Not just the final score, but the supreme skill and multimillion pound wages of the modern players - some of whom are at home in their mansions just a couple of miles from Netflix's makeshift Victorian pitch. The English Game is on Netflix from Friday, 20 March. Follow us on Facebook, or on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

कोरोनावायरस के कारण कुलीन फुटबॉल के निलंबित होने के साथ, प्रशंसक अभी भी टीवी पर अपना फिक्स प्राप्त कर सकते हैं-1880 के दशक के मैचों के रूप में डाउनटन एबी के निर्माता जूलियन फेलो के एक नए नेटफ्लिक्स नाटक में उन लोगों के बारे में जिन्होंने सुंदर खेल के लिए बीज बोए थे।


Droitwich train fall teenager in serious condition

Summary: A teenager who fell between a platform and train has suffered "life changing injuries" and remains seriously injured in hospital, transport police say.

London Midland said the 17-year-old lost an arm after becoming trapped next to one of its services at Droitwich on Friday, which then pulled away. He remains in a serious but stable condition in a Birmingham hospital, British Transport Police said. London Midland is liaising with the Rail Accident Investigation Branch. More updates on this story Police and paramedics were called to the station at about 19:50 BST. The 18:48 train from Hereford to Birmingham New Street was delayed for more than an hour while emergency crews treated the boy.

परिवहन पुलिस का कहना है कि प्लेटफॉर्म और ट्रेन के बीच गिरने से एक किशोर को "जीवन बदलने वाली चोटें" आई हैं और वह अस्पताल में गंभीर रूप से घायल है।


Mother and daughter fight drug-resistant TB together

Summary: Nine-year-old Zethu and her mother Nonhlanhla Lukhele sit watching cartoons together in their home in Mbabane, Swaziland. In front of them is a powerful and toxic cocktail of drugs to treat the drug-resistant form of tuberculosis (TB) that has infected them both.

By Tulip MazumdarGlobal health reporter Each day they have to take about 40 pills between them. Nonhlanhla is also having daily painful injections. A side-effect is the loss of hearing. She is now deaf. "Well, you can't exactly communicate with her because she can't hear," says Zethu. "Whatever I try [to speak to her] she just doesn't understand - even if I write it down, or speak to her in sign language. "I wish it was like in the past when she could hear." This is the new face of a very old disease. TB is becoming increasingly resistant to the drugs traditionally used to treat it. Every year about 8 million people become infected with the airborne disease and 1.3 million die. Normal TB is usually treated with a six-month course of antibiotics, but because of the misuse of these drugs, new strains have mutated into deadlier forms of the disease. They are harder and more expensive to treat. Patients have to endure toxic treatment, taking about 10,000 pills over the course of two years. Almost 500,000 people developed this type of drug-resistant TB in 2012, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), but fewer than one in four was diagnosed. That means they were not on proper treatment and were walking around in their communities potentially spreading these deadlier strains of the disease. "It's very contagious," says Nonhlanhla. "I even infected my child. "She is in and out of hospitals and she is getting behind with her school work. I really don't see a bright future for her." One of the key problems is access to labs that are capable of diagnosing these new deadlier forms of the disease so people can start on treatment. "Earlier and faster diagnosis of all forms of TB is vital," says Dr Margaret Chan, WHO's director general. "It improves the chances of people getting the right treatment and being cured, and it helps stop spread of drug-resistant disease." The WHO says diagnostic facilities around the world are improving. In 2009 there were just 1,810 multidrug-resistant TB cases detected in 27 low and middle-income countries, according to the WHO. Last year that had risen to almost 72,000 cases, thanks largely to global health initiative called Expand Access to New Diagnostics for TB. New drugs needed The other key challenge facing the fight against these new strains of TB is the lack of new drugs to treat them. Last week the medical charity Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) called drug-resistant TB "one of the biggest global health threats we face today" and called for new and more effective drugs to be developed and trialled. It said, although two new drugs have been released recently, the first in 40 years, it will be many years before patients have access to the revolutionary new treatment they need. TB drugs have to be used in combination in order to be effective, but clinical trials combining the new drugs are not under way yet. "The DR-TB [drug-resistant forms of TB] crisis is everybody's problem and demands an immediate international response," says Dr Sidney Wong, MSF's medical director. "Each year we are diagnosing more patients with DR-TB, but the current treatments aren't good enough to make a dent in the epidemic. "It doesn't matter where you live; until new short and more effective treatment combinations are found, the odds of surviving this disease today are dismal."

नौ वर्षीय जेथू और उसकी माँ नोनह्लानह्ला लुकेले स्वाज़ीलैंड के मबाबाने में अपने घर में एक साथ कार्टून देख रहे हैं। उनके सामने तपेदिक (टीबी) के दवा प्रतिरोधी रूप के इलाज के लिए दवाओं का एक शक्तिशाली और विषाक्त कॉकटेल है जिसने उन दोनों को संक्रमित किया है।


How the handmaid became an international protest symbol

Summary: Dozens of women march in silence through a rainy cityscape. Heads bowed, dressed in red cloaks and white bonnets, it looks like a scene from Gilead, the theocratic patriarchy Margaret Atwood created in dystopian 1985 novel The Handmaid's Tale.

By Chris BellBBC News But this is Buenos Aires. It is Wednesday, and the women involved are calling for abortion to be decriminalised in a country where complications arising from illegal abortion are a leading cause of maternal death. When they reach the Congress building in Argentina's capital, an activist reads a letter from Atwood herself, according to the Associated Press. "Nobody likes abortion, even when safe and legal," the Canadian author had written. "But nobody likes women bleeding to death on the bathroom floor from illegal abortions, either. What to do?" In many parts of the world, women's-rights campaigners - particularly those concerned with reproductive rights and abortion - have embraced the symbolism of The Handmaid's Tale. Language and iconography from the book and TV series are increasingly prevalent on marches, protests and social media. According to Amazon, Atwood's 1985 novel was the most read in the US in 2017. Kindle and Audible sales data indicates it topped the charts in 48 of 50 states. That resurgent popularity is no doubt driven in no small part by the success of the Hulu television adaptation starring Elisabeth Moss, but activists also point to concerns about women's rights following the inauguration of Donald Trump as president in January 2017. In the election campaign, footage emerged of the Republican making obscene remarks about women. Trump also alarmed many pro-choice advocates when he suggested there should be "some form of punishment" for women who have abortions, later clarifying he meant the doctor or practitioner should be punished, not the woman. Emboldened, anti-abortion activists hope Trump's nomination of Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court - which would ensure a conservative majority - could see a reversal of the landmark 1973 Roe v Wade decision which legalises abortion nationally. Pro-choice campaigners worry that bitterly fought victories on reproductive rights are at risk. Atwood's dystopia provides a stark, recognisable illustration of their fears; a visual shorthand for the oppression of women. The author highlights many of these protests on her own Twitter account. "Donald Trump's Supreme Court pick, Brett Kavanaugh, is an immediate threat to our hard-won fundamental rights and freedoms," say the National Abortion and Reproductive Rights Action League (Naral) Pro-Choice America group, which campaigns for women's reproductive rights and pro-choice legislation. From March 2017, Naral activists in Texas intermittently dressed as handmaids to stage protests against anti-abortion legislation in the Texas State Capitol building, in what appears to be one of the first contemporary examples of handmaid protests to win global attention. "This isn't the first time Pro-Choice Texas used costumes," Heather Busby, who was then executive director at NARAL Pro-Choice Texas, told The Verge last year. "Back in 2015, we had folks in hospital gowns to protest [against] another abortion restriction. We had an inkling that this kind of thing is effective, and the timing of the show coming out, and with the book experiencing a resurgence in popularity, it seemed like the perfect convergence of all those things." Facebook groups and Twitter accounts documenting similar demonstrations were created, as handmaid protests went global. In February 2018, Croatian women's-rights activists donned the familiar red cloaks to protest against their government's failure to ratify the Istanbul Convention, which aims to eradicate violence against women and domestic violence. Parliament voted to ratify the convention in April. In May, demonstrators dressed as handmaids were among the activists protesting against Northern Ireland's anti-abortion laws in Belfast. In Dublin, among those who successfully campaigned for the Republic of Ireland to overturn its abortion ban in a historic referendum vote were many women in red and white. In London, Chiara Capraro, a women's human-rights programme manager at Amnesty International, was among the crowds marching to voice their opposition to President Trump, who visited the UK earlier in July. She attended the protest with a friend, also dressed as a handmaid. Once there, they met other protesters in similar dress. Speaking in a personal capacity, she told the BBC: "I read the book a long time ago." "I think that it feels less and less dystopian. Immediately when I heard there was going to be a protest I knew I would go as a handmaid. "The symbolism is so powerful, reducing women to their reproductive functions. Women become just vehicles to produce children. It's a symbol to say we need to be vigilant, to be careful." Ms Capraro was born in Italy, though she lives in London. Abortion in the first 90 days of pregnancy has been legal in her home country since a 1978 referendum. But medical professionals in the predominantly Catholic country can refuse to carry out the procedures on the basis of their religious convictions. Some 70% of gynaecologists in Italy refuse to perform abortions - a figure that has grown significantly over the past two decades. "It's not just a thing that's happening in the US. It's happening all over the world," Ms Capraro said. "It's disheartening to have to take the same battles and fight attempts to oppress women. It's a reminder that rights are not won for ever. "People who are attacked under these agendas tend to be the most marginalised. "But the feminist movement is finding strength again, if you look at what is happening in Poland and Argentina." And so to Buenos Aires. In June, Argentina's lower house narrowly backed a bill which would legalise elective abortion in the Catholic nation during the first 14 weeks of pregnancy. The bill still needs to pass through Argentina's senate, where it is expected to face an uphill battle. Several senators have expressed opposition. If successful, Argentina will become just the third Latin American nation - after Uruguay and Cuba - to legalise elective abortion. It is unlikely that activists will be putting away their cloaks and bonnets in the foreseeable future.

दर्जनों महिलाएँ बरसात के शहर के परिदृश्य में मौन मार्च करती हैं। सिर झुकाकर, लाल वस्त्र और सफेद बोनट पहने हुए, यह गिलियड के एक दृश्य की तरह दिखता है, जो 1985 के डायस्टोपियन उपन्यास द हैंडमेड्स टेल में बनाई गई ईश्वरशासित पितृसत्ता मार्गरेट एटवुड है।


The world's first family to live in a 3D-printed home

Summary: A family in France has become the first in the world to move into a 3D-printed house. The four-bedroom property is a prototype for bigger projects aiming to make housebuilding quicker and cheaper. Could it cause a shift in the building industry?

By Michael CowanBBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme With curved walls designed to reduce the effects of humidity and digital controls for disabled people, this house could be an expensive realisation of an architect's vision. But having taken 54 hours to print - with four more months for contractors to add in things such as windows, doors and the roof - its cost of around £176,000 to build makes it 20% cheaper than an identical construction using more traditional solutions. The team now believe they could print the same house again in only 33 hours. The 95m (1022ft) square house - built for a family of five with four bedrooms and a big central space in Nantes - is a collaboration between the city council, a housing association and University of Nantes. Francky Trichet, the council's lead on technology and innovation, says the purpose of the project was to see whether this type of construction could become mainstream for housing, and whether its principles could be applied to other communal buildings, such as sports halls. He believes the process will disrupt the construction industry. "For 2,000 years there hasn't been a change in the paradigm of the construction process. We wanted to sweep this whole construction process away," he says. "That's why I'm saying that we're at the start of a story. We've just written, 'Once upon a time'." Now, he says, their work will "force" private companies to "take the pen" and continue the narrative. The house has been built in a deprived neighbourhood in the north of the town and was partly funded by the council. Nordine and Nouria Ramdani, along with their three children, were the lucky ones chosen to live there. "It's a big honour to be a part of this project," says Nordine. "We lived in a block of council flats from the 60s, so it's a big change for us. "It's really something amazing to be able to live in a place where there is a garden, and to have a detached house." How does it work? The house is designed in a studio by a team of architects and scientists, then programmed into a 3D printer. The printer is then brought to the site of the home. It works by printing in layers from the floor upwards. Each wall consists of two layers of the insulator polyurethane, with a space in-between which is filled with cement. This creates a thick, insulated, fully-durable wall. The windows, doors, and roof are then fitted. And, voila, you have a home. The house was the brainchild of Benoit Furet, who heads up the project at University of Nantes. He thinks that in five years they will reduce the cost of the construction of such houses by 25% while adhering to building regulations, and by 40% in 10 to 15 years. This is partly because of the technology becoming more refined and cheaper to develop and partly because of economies of scale as more houses are built. Printing, he adds, also allows architects to be far more creative with the shapes of the houses they are building. For example, the house in Nantes was built to curve around the 100-year-old protected trees on the plot. The curve also improves the home's air circulation, reducing potential humidity and improving thermal resistance. The building in Nantes was also designed for disabled people, with wheelchair access and the ability for everything to be controlled from a smartphone. It is also more environmentally-friendly than traditional construction, as there is no waste. Mr Furet's dream is now to create a suburban neighbourhood with the same building principles. He says he is currently working on a project in the north of Paris to print 18 houses. He is also working on a large commercial building which will measure 700 metres square, he adds. "Social housing is something that touches me personally," Mr Furet says. "I was born in a working-class town. "I lived in a little house. My parents - who are very old now - still live in the same house. "The street is a row of little houses, one next to the other, all identical. "And here I wanted to create a house that is social housing, but with much more modern architecture." Watch the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme on weekdays between 09:00 and 11:00 on BBC Two and the BBC News Channel.

फ्रांस में एक परिवार 3डी-मुद्रित घर में स्थानांतरित होने वाला दुनिया का पहला परिवार बन गया है। चार बेडरूम वाली संपत्ति बड़ी परियोजनाओं के लिए एक प्रोटोटाइप है जिसका उद्देश्य घर निर्माण को तेज और सस्ता बनाना है। क्या यह भवन उद्योग में बदलाव का कारण बन सकता है?