Nationalism in heart of Europe needles EU

Summary: Grinning cheerfully as he swipes his mop neatly across the glass front of an optician's shop, Sandor the window cleaner tells me he doesn't think much of Hungary's ruling Fidesz party.

By Jenny HillBBC Berlin correspondent "They may say the economy's thriving but we don't feel it," he says. "The one thing they do right is to keep the migrants out." Not far away, at Hungary's southern border, the wind whips across the steppe, flattens the grass and whistles right up against the vast metal intricacy of Prime Minister Viktor Orban's border fence. Few try to cross it these days. Even so a security patrol crawls, rather menacingly, along its barbed perimeter. What is, for some, all about internal security, also represents this country's decision to prioritise national interest above that of the EU. It's a symbol of defiance. It's also a vote winner. Politics and the migrant crisis "By the end of 2014 the popularity of Fidesz had dropped dramatically and they tried everything. There was no stone left unturned to get this popularity back," says Mark Kekesi, a human rights activist. In spring 2015 the wave of refugees and migrants entering Central Europe via Hungary came as a kind of heavenly gift to Mr Orban and many other politicians in the region. They could exaggerate the potential immigration threats and then appear as saviours. Hungary, of course, wasn't alone in its opposition. It decided, along with Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, to reject EU migrant quotas, angering Brussels and earning the so-called Visegrad Four (V4) a reputation as the union's troublemakers. But their resistance has shone a light on a profound and dangerous division within the club. Not so much a stand-off between East and West but between the older, established member states and the former communist countries which joined in 2004. Read more on this topic: Resentment in Slovakia In the eerie, blue flashing light of a grimy factory in southern Slovakia, welders in overalls bend over huge chunks of metal. One lifts his protective mask to reveal a lined face. During the socialist era, journalist Tibor Macak says, there was more security, more certainty. And now? "Living standards aren't the same as those in other member states. In Germany they earn four times what we get. If we're talking about the European Union, it should be equal." There is resentment, a sense of injustice here - although Slovakia represents the very least of Brussels's problems. Its leader Robert Fico stands shoulder-to-shoulder with his Visegrad counterparts and declares: "I belong to a union of prime ministers who do not wish to see Muslim communities being created in our countries". But that's about as far as his anti-EU rhetoric goes. Conscious perhaps of the relative prosperity that EU membership has brought (French and German car manufacturers are among the foreign investors here), Slovakia is, officially at least, open to closer EU integration. Slovakia is the only member of the V4 in the eurozone. Inside the peculiar upside-down, concrete pyramid that houses Slovakia's national radio station, Tibor Macak says: "Now is the big question: what happens if (German Chancellor) Angela Merkel and (French President) Emmanuel Macron put reform on the table? Slovakia in the majority supports that - it's very clear." Not so its Visegrad neighbours Hungary and Poland. There, further EU integration is viewed with suspicion and resistance. Polish patriots In Poland's rural east, the women of Zambrow gather every week to practise the old village songs. Boots tap, long skirts sway. Jolanta shrugs back her flowered shawl and says: "The most important thing is to prioritise the interests of our fatherland, to support the interest of the Polish people." She recently became a local councillor for the ruling Law and Justice Party (PiS). "Most importantly it was patriotism that drove me towards PiS, the patriotism I inherited from my grandparents and parents," she says. PiS, endorsed (in part) by the powerful Catholic Church, has won popular support thanks to generous child benefits and a decision to lower the retirement age. As one mum told me: "All the other parties make promises but they don't deliver. PiS kept their promises." But PiS have enraged the EU and left their country horribly divided. The party's attacks on press freedom, on access to abortion, its decision to continue logging in the ancient Bialowieza forest, in breach of EU law, horrify many Poles. But it was the government's shake-up of the Polish judiciary which brought people out onto the streets in protest and stirred the European Commission into action, triggering Article Seven against a member state for the very first time. The article deals with adherence to the EU's rule of law values. Renate Kim, a journalist based in Warsaw, said "I went to the United States for the elections and when I listened to people, how they believed in what Trump promised them, it was exactly the same as here - 'we'll make Poland strong again, we'll make Poland great again'." "People hear 'we'll be a big country with lots of pride, we won't listen to Brussels and the leftist Brussels politicians' and they like that, because they feel proud of their country again." No wonder, perhaps, PiS MP Dominik Tarcynski said last week that the Polish government would not back down over the reforms, which the EU Commission and independent experts argue flout the rule of law. Brussels is unlikely to withdraw the country's voting rights - it needs unanimous the approval of all member states and Hungary has signalled support for its neighbour. Viktor Orban's increasingly authoritarian rule, his shift towards a self-styled "illiberal state", also flies in the face of EU values. There are voices within the EU which hint at hitting both Poland and Hungary where it hurts most - by reducing their EU funding. This week Ms Merkel issued a veiled threat with regard to the next EU budget. "In the next distribution of structural funds," she said, "we need to redefine the allocation criteria to reflect the preparedness of regions and authorities to receive and integrate migrants."

खुशी से मुस्कुराते हुए जब वह एक ऑप्टिशियन की दुकान के सामने के शीशे पर अपने मॉप को बड़े करीने से स्वाइप करता है, तो विंडो क्लीनर सैंडोर मुझे बताता है कि वह हंगरी की सत्तारूढ़ फिडेज़ पार्टी के बारे में ज्यादा नहीं सोचता है।


Salford Council backs £430m Pendleton regeneration

Summary: Councillors in Salford have given the go-ahead to a £430m scheme to regenerate a part of the city which suffered most in last year's riots.

The council's planning committee has approved a programme which will build 1,600 new homes and refurbish more than 1,200 in Pendleton. Its first phase begins later this year and will end in 2016. Earlier this year planning permission was granted to expand the Salford Shopping City in Pendleton. Phase one of the plan, from consortium SP+, includes building about 300 new homes and refurbishing 1,253 properties, including the area's nine tower-blocks, with new kitchens, bathrooms and windows. The full project also includes changes to Clarendon Park and other green spaces, new walkways and cycle paths, a community farm, an extra care facility, new shopping promenade and new sports pitches at the Fit City development. In summer 2011 Shopping City in Pendleton was the focal point for rioting and looting.

सैल्फोर्ड में पार्षदों ने शहर के एक हिस्से को पुनर्जीवित करने के लिए 430 मिलियन पाउंड की योजना को मंजूरी दी है, जिसे पिछले साल के दंगों में सबसे अधिक नुकसान हुआ था।


Dark web scammers exploit Covid-19 fear and doubt

Summary: "They're exploiting the fear, uncertainty and doubt people are experiencing during the pandemic, and using the anxiety and desperation to get people to buy things or click on things they wouldn't have otherwise," says Morgan Wright, a former senior adviser to the US Department of State anti-terrorism assistance programme.

By Sooraj ShahTechnology of Business reporter He's talking about the scammers and criminals that inhabit the "dark web" who have found a new angle - anxiety over Covid-19. Mr Wright, who is now chief security adviser at security software company SentinelOne, used to teach behavioural analysts at the US National Security Agency (NSA) about the exploitation of human behaviour. He is now seeing some of those techniques being used on the dark web, an encrypted part of the internet that can be accessed using popular networks such as Tor. The Tor browser is privacy-focused, meaning it can obscure who is using it and what data is being accessed. It offers bad actors a way to operate with a degree of impunity, as law enforcement find it much more difficult to track down criminals that use it. What is Tor? Tor is a way to access the internet that requires software, known as the Tor browser, to use it. The name is an acronym for The Onion Router. Just as there are many layers to the vegetable, there are many layers of encryption on the network. It was originally designed by the US Naval Research Laboratory, and continues to receive funding from the US State Department. It attempts to hide a person's location and identity by sending data across the internet via a very circuitous route involving several "nodes" - which, in this context, means using volunteers' PCs and computer servers as connection points. Encryption applied at each hop along this route makes it very hard to connect a person to any particular activity. To the website that ultimately receives the request, it appears as if the data traffic comes from the last computer in the chain - known as an "exit node" - rather than the person responsible. Since the beginning of the global pandemic, marketplaces on the dark web have seen a rise in Covid-19 related products and services. Sought-after N95 masks, gowns, gloves and the drug chloroquine have all been listed on these marketplaces. Last month, security software firm IntSights found blood allegedly belonging to recovered coronavirus patients was even being offered for sale. Criminals hope a heightened sense of fear will make people rush to buy these products, and as a result these items are not cheap; an Australian Institute of Criminology report found the average fake vaccine was being sold for about $370 (£300), while one supposedly sourced from China was selling for between $10-15,000 (£8-12,000). One of the reasons for the rise in such sales may be because many fraudsters are having to turn from their normal methods of making money on the dark web - such as selling fake flights booked using stolen airmiles - because these industries are currently dormant. Many criminals also see an opportunity - as the majority of people are working from home, there is a greater chance of lax cyber security in place. "There was suddenly a huge shift [on the dark web] of talking about vulnerabilities in collaboration software when they realised people were going to be working from home," says IntSights chief security officer Etay Maor. More Technology of Business Phishing scams have also been on the rise. These are where fraudsters pretend to be a different organisation or person by email, hoping the person will provide some login details or personal data, which can then be used to steal money or someone's identity. "The phishing attacks started with those pretending to be from the NHS, and then extended to secondary organisations that are related to Covid-19 like banks or HMRC emailing about funding, grants or being furloughed," says Javvad Malik, security advocate at training company KnowBe4. "Now there are Covid-19 related phishing templates making their way into all of the phishing kits that are available on the dark web - meaning people can imitate Apple or LinkedIn with a set of standard templates," he adds. In addition, many services and products, including phishing kits are being offered at discount in "coronavirus sales". "There are people who have been specialising in phishing pages, shady VPNs or spamming services for a number of years, who are now offering discounts because they believe it's the best time to make money and spread these kits," says Liv Rowley, threat intelligence analyst at Blueliv, a computer and network security firm. The dark web was designed by the US Naval Research Laboratory, with the idea of enabling human rights activists and people within the military to talk and collaborate in a secure, anonymous way. While the introduction of bitcoin enabled criminals to make money on the dark web, there remains a huge number of users that opt to use it for its initial purpose - speaking to others anonymously on forums. According to Mr Malik, these forums have often been used to fuel conspiracy theories around the virus. "Conspiracies about 5G being the vehicle of this virus, or bioweaponry or that Bill Gates is the man behind it tend to crop up on the dark web," he says. As social media companies and other news outlets crack down on misinformation, many others may be pushed onto the dark web. These forums often act as a gateway to marketplaces, for people to plug their products or services to a targeted audience. This could be a way for fraudsters to make further money in the months to come. The flipside to this is that many journalists, activists and citizens may be using the dark web to communicate in countries where there is a lot of censorship. Tor versions of many news outlets, including the BBC and New York Times, may be used if the original sites are blocked by governments or states, for instance. Netblocks, a digital rights advocacy group says that many countries have cut access to the web in different ways, as they seek to control the flow of information about the coronavirus outbreak. Two ransomware groups had said they would not attack any hospitals or healthcare organisations during the pandemic, but as Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab outlined in a recent press briefing, there is evidence that criminal gangs are actively targeting national and international organisations that are responding to the pandemic - including hospitals. "These organisations are targeted because of how vulnerable they are at this time and because of the likelihood that a ransom would be paid," says Charity Wright, cyber threat intelligence adviser at IntSights. The co-ordination and orchestration of many of these attacks often begin on the dark web. "We are seeing more offerings on the dark web specifically for healthcare-related information and for targeting healthcare facilities and doctors. There's even a database someone has created on the dark web with all kinds of information about medical staff," says Etay Maor from IntSights. At its core, the dark web may still be being used for the same reasons it was intended to be used for - from a privacy and security perspective. But criminals are using this to try to exploit a global crisis for financial gain. "That's the double-edged sword that as a society we haven't quite worked out: how do we safeguard freedom of speech and ensure privacy, but at the same time track down and stop people abusing those freedoms?" says Javvad Malik.

अमेरिकी विदेश विभाग के आतंकवाद-रोधी सहायता कार्यक्रम के एक पूर्व वरिष्ठ सलाहकार मॉर्गन राइट कहते हैं, "वे महामारी के दौरान लोगों द्वारा अनुभव किए जा रहे डर, अनिश्चितता और संदेह का फायदा उठा रहे हैं, और चिंता और हताशा का उपयोग लोगों से चीजें खरीदने या उन चीजों पर क्लिक करने के लिए कर रहे हैं जो उनके पास नहीं होतीं।


Kellingley Colliery: How have its miners moved on?

Summary: Britain's last deep coal miners walked off their final shift one year ago. BBC News has caught up with some of the 450 men who worked at Kellingley Colliery, in North Yorkshire, to find out how they have moved on since losing their jobs.

At its height, Kellingley employed more than 2,000 workers and its closure brought to an end centuries of deep coal mining in Britain. Known locally as the Big K, the largest deep pit in Europe was hailed as the new generation of coal mining. Its miners could bring up to 900 tonnes an hour to the surface. Two shafts descend some 2,600ft (800m) underground where, from the bottom, miners travelled about five miles on small battery-powered trains in 30C heat before lying chest down on a conveyor belt to reach the coalface. Now many of the former subterranean workers find themselves in a totally different environment. Shaun McLoughlin, former Colliery Manager at Kellingley, who now works at the National Coal Mining Museum "The last few months were really difficult; the whole mine was under a lot of pressure to get finished on time, which they did. "It was a great relief when we finally finished and closed the mine on a successful plan. "Originally, it was very difficult because I have come into a museum business; the pace of life is a lot slower and relaxed but I've acclimatised and am really enjoying it. "It took months to finally relax from under the pressure and stress I was under. "I've still got a garage full of Kellingley mementoes; lots of guys have donated lots of their artefacts and memorabilia. "After 39 years of mining I thought I knew everything about mining. Once I came here I realised I know nothing about mining. It's a big learning curve for me, catching up with the historical aspects of mining. "It's a totally new life for me and I'm enjoying it." Josh Young, one of the last miners taken on at Kellingley, has applied for a visa to go to Australia to work in the mines there "We got promised 20 years and we only managed two - I left my job as an electrician to work in the pit. "It's made me want to carry it on, I've applied for my visa to move to Australia. "The camaraderie of working underground is a great environment to work in. "It's what my family has done - my dad was a miner, both my granddads were, and it's just something I really want to carry on doing. "Within that two years I realised that's the job I want to do for the rest of my life. There is nowhere else in this country to carry it out. "The guys take you under their wing and look after you, make sure you are working safe constantly. "It's not an easy job but working with so many people, no matter how hard that job is, you get on with it and forget how hard it is." Rob Cheney has started his own conveyer belt business "The first four months was really hard; we didn't know how to advertise properly or get in touch with customers. Since then it has really picked up. "It is totally different to what it was like underground. "It is a totally different way of life out here, there's a lot more fresh air for one. I was proud to be a miner and used to love telling people what I did. We're doing this because we can't be coal miners. "Working at the pit learnt us a lot about working in a team and you never lose what you learnt down pit. "People have given us a chance as a business and let us show them what we can do. "A few lads from the pit have come on other jobs to help me; we all stick together still." Nigel Kemp is claiming a reduced pension - Kellingley was the only place he had ever worked "Most of the guys that have had to get a job have found some success, some are still pottering about. "Some of the lads have been set on and then laid off after 10 months but that's the reality now - people don't want to employ you for 35 years like most of us have been. "I am lucky enough I was 50 years old when I finished so I could get a little bit of my pension, albeit reduced, and I can go out there and select work. "I've applied for a couple of jobs but my skills aren't transferrable, so I've been told."

ब्रिटेन के अंतिम गहरे कोयला खनिक एक साल पहले अपनी अंतिम पाली से चले गए थे। बीबीसी न्यूज़ ने उत्तरी यॉर्कशायर में केलिंगली कोलियरी में काम करने वाले 450 लोगों में से कुछ से संपर्क किया है, ताकि यह पता लगाया जा सके कि वे अपनी नौकरी खोने के बाद से कैसे आगे बढ़े हैं।


Police officer in court over 'baton assault' in Coventry

Summary: A police officer has appeared in court accused of assaulting a man who was allegedly struck over the head with a baton.

PC Sunil Narr, 31, from the West Midlands force, is charged with assault occasioning actual bodily harm. At Birmingham Magistrates Court on Thursday, he was granted unconditional bail. The charge relates to an incident in Hillfields, Coventry, when a man was detained following a police pursuit. PC Narr has not been suspended, but "taken off front line duties", West Midlands Police says. He is due to appear before Birmingham Crown Court on 22 November. Related Internet Links HM Courts & Tribunals Service - GOV.UK West Midlands Police

एक पुलिस अधिकारी एक व्यक्ति पर हमला करने के आरोप में अदालत में पेश हुआ है, जिसके सिर पर कथित तौर पर लाठी से वार किया गया था।


Death arrest man bailed after lorry crash in Wychbold

Summary: A man held on suspicion of murder after a pedestrian is thought to have been struck by a lorry has been bailed.

A man in his 60s was struck on the A38 in Wychbold, Worcestershire, on Monday. It was thought an altercation may have earlier taken place on the M5 southbound, police said. The pedestrian is thought to have been driving a van beforehand. The arrested man, in his 50s, has been released on bail until mid-September pending further enquiries. Emergency services were called to the A38 under the bridge for the M5 shortly before 16:30 BST on Monday. An Eddie Stobart HGV lorry was believed to have been in a collision, West Mercia Police said. Related Internet Links West Mercia Police

एक पैदल यात्री को एक लॉरी द्वारा टक्कर मारने के बाद हत्या के संदेह में गिरफ्तार एक व्यक्ति को जमानत दे दी गई है।


Royal baby: The two-year gap - is it ideal?

Summary: The Duchess of Cambridge is expected to give birth in the spring of 2015. She gave birth to her first child, Prince George, on 22 July 2013, meaning there will be a gap of about 20 months between the two children, give or take a few weeks.

Magazine MonitorA collection of cultural artefacts Now Magazine suggested last summer that Kate might want "back-to-back babies". The idea being that you can have your children in a single batch lasting just a few years and then move on. Women starting a family in their 30s might not have the luxury of spacing their children out. For the mother's health, two to three years is "probably perfect" says Sarah Jarvis, a GP who regularly appears on the BBC's Jeremy Vine Show. A woman goes through a lot giving birth, especially if they breastfeed afterwards. In nutrition terms, it takes a year to recover, says Jarvis. They will need to have time to rebuild their pelvic floor, she continues. Two years is good because it gives a bit of leeway. And anything over three years may be too long as it can cause sibling rivalry, Jarvis suggests. Some parents talk of two years as being ideal. If you plan ahead, it means siblings will be approaching A-levels and GCSEs at the same time - allowing the family to have an intensive "exam" year, followed by a year off. There are pros and cons with any gap, says Justine Roberts, who co-founded Mumsnet. She once read of research suggesting that the ideal age gap for developing a child's intelligence is 11 years as the older child becomes like a third parent. But that's not practical or desirable for many. At the other extreme, having children one year or less apart is likely to be a huge strain. The advantage of having babies close together is that your children will play together and become close, developing shared interests, Roberts suggests. But having a new baby while you have a toddler is hard work. "It depends how your set up is, how drained you'll be." Luckily for the Duchess of Cambridge, childcare should not be a problem. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

डचेस ऑफ कैम्ब्रिज के 2015 के वसंत में जन्म देने की उम्मीद है। उन्होंने 22 जुलाई 2013 को अपने पहले बच्चे, प्रिंस जॉर्ज को जन्म दिया, जिसका अर्थ है कि दोनों बच्चों के बीच लगभग 20 महीने का अंतराल होगा, कुछ सप्ताह दें या लें।


Great British Bake Off contestants revealed for 2018

Summary: A techno DJ, research scientist and banker are just three of the contestants vying for this year's Great British Bake Off crown.

The series returns to Channel 4 on 28 August for a second year after moving from the BBC. The presenters and judges remain the same as last year, with Noel Fielding and Sandi Toksvig back for another year of puns. Paul Hollywood and Prue Leith will also be on hand to judge the best bakes. Meet the contestants The new series of The Great British Bake Off, hosted by Noel Fielding and Sandi Toksvig, will begin on Channel 4 on August 28 at 8pm. Follow us on Facebook, on Twitter @BBCNewsEnts, or on Instagram at bbcnewsents. If you have a story suggestion email entertainment.news@bbc.co.uk.

एक तकनीकी डीजे, शोध वैज्ञानिक और बैंकर इस साल के ग्रेट ब्रिटिश बेक ऑफ ताज के लिए प्रतिस्पर्धा करने वाले प्रतियोगियों में से केवल तीन हैं।


Escaped large bird on Somerset Levels should be avoided, police warn

Summary: Police are warning people not to approach a large flightless bird that has gone missing on the Somerset Levels.

The rhea, similar to an ostrich, escaped from a paddock in Chilton Polden at about 23:00 BST on Tuesday. An Avon and Somerset Police spokesman said the bird was "not usually aggressive, but we'd advise people to call us if they see it". He said the pet bird was grey and about 5ft (1.52m) tall.

पुलिस लोगों को चेतावनी दे रही है कि वे समरसेट स्तर पर लापता हुए एक बड़े उड़ान रहित पक्षी के पास न जाएं।


Colombia Farc: The former rebels who need bodyguards to stay safe

Summary: After fighting with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (Farc) for more than two decades, Luz Marina Giraldo started a career in local politics and ran for a seat on the town council in Mesetas, a rural district in Colombia's eastern plains.

By Manuel RuedaBogotá, Colombia But her campaign ended abruptly last year when hooded men burst into her home and killed her partner, Alexander Parra, also a former Farc guerrilla fighter, shooting him five times in the back. Ms Giraldo fled with her children to a nearby city and has not returned to Mesetas. She is one of hundreds of former guerrilla fighters dressed in white T-shirts who marched into Colombia's capital, Bogotá, on Sunday to seek a meeting with President Iván Duque. The protesters, who have been holding demonstrations in front of the presidential palace, say the government is not keeping up with commitments made in a 2016 peace deal that led to the disarmament of 13,000 fighters and transformed Latin America's oldest guerrilla group into a political party. The new party retained the initials Farc but they now stand for Common Alternative Revolutionary Force. While the former fighters may have laid down their arms, their lives are still at risk from other guerrilla and drug-trafficking groups, and one of their key demands is for more protection. "At this moment we face so many threats we don't even know where the bullets are coming from" says Ms Giraldo. Carrying a white banner with a portrait of her late partner wearing a cowboy hat, she is followed everywhere by two bodyguards assigned to her by the Colombian government. More than 230 former fighters have been killed since the peace deal was signed, according to human rights groups. And even though it has now been almost four years since the peace agreement was signed, the rate of killing has not decreased. The UN verification mission in Colombia says 50 former Farc rebels were killed in the first nine months of this year. In October, four more were murdered, according to human rights group Indepaz. Among them was Juan de Jesús Monroy, a well-known ex-Farc commander who - after demobilising - had been leading farming projects in south-eastern Meta province. His murder triggered the march on Bogotá, which was joined by about 700 former Farc rebels from different corners of Colombia. "The international community has to realise things are not going well," says Jesús Chaparro, a 50-year-old ex-rebel who has been working on a cattle-raising project managed by Mr Monroy. He is part of a group that made the 400km-journey on buses to Bogotá and stopped at towns along the way to hold smaller rallies. Juan Carlos Garzón, an analyst of Colombia's armed conflict at the Ideas for Peace Foundation, says the killings have happened mostly in remote rural areas previously controlled by the Farc rebels, where security has been deteriorating since the peace deal was signed. In these areas a smattering of criminal organisations is now fighting for control of drug-trafficking routes, illegal mines and other resources abandoned by the Farc guerrilla after they demobilised. Former Farc fighters who stayed there have been caught in the middle of the violence but now have no weapons to defend themselves. "Some of these groups have old scores to settle" with Farc fighters, Mr Garzón explains. He says that criminal groups are trying to recruit former fighters and get farmers to grow coca, the raw material for cocaine. These groups target Farc party members, or anyone else who is trying to prevent that. Organisations currently fighting over former Farc territory include drug-trafficking groups like the Gulf Clan, the National Liberation Army (ELN) guerrilla and dissident groups made up of ex-Farc fighters who did not want to lay down arms. Colombia's Attorney General estimates that 70% of the murders of former Farc rebels have been committed by these groups but according to the UN, there have so far only been convictions in 31 cases out of more than 230. "Our people are targeted because they are natural leaders" said Manuela Marín, a Farc party organiser based in Bogotá. "We are trying to generate transformations in these rural areas, and that clashes with criminal and political interests." The Colombian government has attempted to protect former Farc fighters by assigning troops to watch over "re-incorporation villages", places where many former guerrillas live and work on farming projects. Former Farc rebel leaders who are thought to be at greater risk are also assigned bodyguards and given bullet-proof vehicles. Currently there are 1,100 bodyguards who work with the National Unit for Protection and are assigned to former Farc rebels. In October, Colombian government officials said that an additional 600 bodyguards would be hired to protect Farc party members. The party has welcomed this help but its members say that for there to be a lasting improvement to their security and that of community leaders in rural areas, the implementation of the peace deal would have to be speeded up. What the former fighters want to see is the dismantling of criminal groups and investment in rural infrastructure, so that people in those areas do not turn to the drug trade to make a living. "Getting bullet-proof cars and bodyguards for 13,000 former fighters is impossible" says Tulio Murillo, a 54-year-old Farc party leader who has received death threats and has four bodyguards to protect him. "What we need is greater commitment to the agreements that were made." You may want to watch:

दो दशकों से अधिक समय तक रिवोल्यूशनरी आर्म्ड फोर्सेज ऑफ कोलंबिया (फार्क) के साथ लड़ने के बाद, लुज़ मरीना गिराल्डो ने स्थानीय राजनीति में अपना करियर शुरू किया और कोलंबिया के पूर्वी मैदानों में एक ग्रामीण जिले मेसेटस में नगर परिषद में एक सीट के लिए भाग लिया।


China policeman Li Yali suspended over drink-drive 'cover-up'

Summary: A top policeman in China has been suspended amid allegations of a cover-up after his son was filmed in a confrontation with police when stopped for drunk driving, state media report.

Deputy police chief of Shanxi province, Li Yali, has been removed from his duties and an investigation has begun. State media said video posted online showed Li Yali's son assaulting police. It is the latest in a series of incidents where web users have targeted local officials accused of corruption. Reports say the video also showed Mr Li's son being stopped by passers-by and other police officers. A blood alcohol test reportedly showed he was over the legal alcohol limit, but media reports say he was escorted home by police officers. Li Yali stands accused of abusing his power to cover up that altercation. He has made no public comment. Last month a district Communist Party official in south-west China was sacked after apparently featuring in a sex video exposed by investigative journalists and reposted online many times by microbloggers.

राज्य मीडिया की रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, चीन में एक शीर्ष पुलिसकर्मी को उसके बेटे को नशे में गाड़ी चलाने के लिए रोके जाने पर पुलिस के साथ टकराव में फिल्माए जाने के बाद एक कवर-अप के आरोपों के बीच निलंबित कर दिया गया है।


Batley murder probe after body found in former bank

Summary: Three people have been arrested on suspicion of conspiracy to murder after a body was found in a former bank branch.

Police forced their way into the disused building on Commercial Street in Batley, West Yorkshire, on Sunday. The body, believed to be a man, was found at the scene by West Yorkshire Police officers. Two of those arrested have been released under investigation and the third has been bailed. The building was previously used by the Yorkshire Bank, but the branch closed in 2016. Follow BBC Yorkshire on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Send your story ideas to yorkslincs.news@bbc.co.uk.

बैंक की एक पूर्व शाखा में एक शव मिलने के बाद हत्या की साजिश रचने के संदेह में तीन लोगों को गिरफ्तार किया गया है।


Do passports restrict economic growth?

Summary: "What would we English say if we could not go from London to the Crystal Palace or from Manchester to Stockport without a passport or police officer at our heels? Depend upon it, we are not half enough grateful to God for our national privileges."

By Tim HarfordBBC World Service, 50 Things That Made the Modern Economy So wrote an English publisher named John Gadsby, travelling through Europe in the mid-19th Century. This was before the modern passport system, wearily familiar to anyone who has ever crossed a national border. You stand in a queue, you proffer your standardised booklet to a uniformed official, who glances at your face to check that it resembles the image of your younger, slimmer self. Perhaps she quizzes you about your journey, while her computer checks your name against a terrorist watch-list. For most of history, passports were neither so ubiquitous nor so routine. They were, essentially, a threat: a letter from some powerful person requesting the traveller pass unmolested - or else. 50 Things That Made the Modern Economy highlights the inventions, ideas and innovations that helped create the economic world. It is broadcast on the BBC World Service. You can find more information about the programme's sources and listen online or subscribe to the programme podcast. The concept of passport as protection goes back to biblical times. And protection was a privilege, not a right. Gentlemen such as Gadsby who wanted a passport needed a personal link to the relevant government minister. As Gadsby discovered, the more zealously bureaucratic continental nations had realised the passport's potential as a tool of social and economic control. A century earlier, French citizens had to show paperwork not only to leave the country, but to travel from town to town. 'Oppressive invention' While wealthy countries today secure their borders to keep unskilled workers out, municipal authorities historically used them to stop skilled workers from leaving. As the 19th Century progressed, railways and steamboats made travel faster and cheaper. As Martin Lloyd details in his book The Passport, restrictive travel documents were unpopular. France's Emperor Napoleon III shared Gadsby's admiration for the more relaxed British approach. He described passports as "an oppressive invention", and abolished them in 1860. France was not alone. More and more countries either formally abandoned passport requirements or stopped enforcing them, at least in peacetime. You could visit 1890s America without a passport, though it helped if you were white. Some South American countries enshrined passport-free travel in their constitutions. In China and Japan, foreigners needed passports only to venture inland. By the turn of the 20th Century, only a handful of countries still insisted on passports to enter or leave. It seemed possible they might soon disappear altogether. Migrant crisis What would today's world look like if they had? One morning in September 2015, Abdullah Kurdi, his wife and two young sons boarded a dinghy in Bodrum, Turkey, hoping to make it 4km (2.5 miles) across the Aegean Sea to the Greek island of Kos. But the dinghy capsized in rough seas. Abdullah managed to cling to the boat, but his wife and children drowned. When the body of three-year-old Aylan Kurdi washed up on a Turkish beach and was photographed by a Turkish agency journalist, the image became an icon of the migrant crisis that had convulsed Europe all summer. The Kurdis hadn't planned to stay in Greece. They hoped eventually to start a new life in Vancouver, where Abdullah's sister Teema is a hairdresser. There are easier ways to travel from Turkey to Canada than taking a dinghy to Kos. Abdullah had money: the 4,000 euros (£2,500; $4,460) he paid a people-smuggler could have bought plane tickets for them all - if they had had the right passports. Since the Syrian government denied citizenship to ethnic Kurds, the family had no passports. But even with Syrian documents, they couldn't have boarded a plane to Canada. Passports issued by Sweden or Slovakia, or Singapore or Samoa would have been fine. It can seem natural that the name of the country on our passport determines where we can travel and work - legally, at least. Discrimination? But it's a relatively recent historical development, and, from a certain angle, it's odd. Many countries ban employers from discriminating among workers based on characteristics we can't change: whether we're male or female, young or old, gay or straight, black or white. It's not entirely true that we can't change our passport: $250,000 (£193,000) will buy you one from St Kitts and Nevis. But, mostly, our passport depends on the identity of our parents and location of our birth. And nobody chooses those. Despite this, there's no public clamour to judge people not by the colour of their passport but by the content of their character. Less than three decades after the fall of the Berlin Wall, migrant controls are back in fashion. Donald Trump calls for a wall along the US-Mexico border. The Schengen zone cracks under the pressure of the migrant crisis. Europe's leaders scramble to distinguish refugees from "economic migrants", the assumption being that someone who isn't fleeing persecution - but merely wants a better job or life - should not be let in. Politically, the logic of restrictions on migration may be increasingly hard to dispute. Winners and losers Yet economic logic points in the opposite direction. In theory, whenever you allow factors of production to follow demand, output rises. In practice, all migration creates winners and losers, but research indicates there are many more winners. In the wealthiest countries - by one estimate - five in six of the existing population are made better off by the arrival of immigrants. So why doesn't this translate into popular support for open borders? More from Tim Harford The simple steel box that changed the face of global trade How the invention of paper changed the world Tick tock: The importance of knowing the right time How air conditioning changed the world There are practical and cultural reasons why migration can be badly managed: if public services aren't upgraded quickly enough to cope with new arrivals, or belief systems prove hard to reconcile. The losses also tend to be more visible than the gains. Suppose a group of Mexicans arrive in America, ready to pick fruit for lower wages than Americans are earning. The benefits - slightly cheaper fruit for everyone - are too widely spread and small to notice, while the costs - some Americans lose their jobs - produce vocal unhappiness. It should be possible to arrange taxes and public spending to compensate the losers. But it doesn't tend to work that way. The economic logic of migration often seems more compelling when it doesn't involve crossing national borders. Security concerns In 1980s Britain, with recession affecting some of the country's regions more than others, Employment Minister Norman Tebbit notoriously suggested - or was widely interpreted as suggesting - that the jobless should "get on their bikes" to look for work. Some economists calculate global economic output would double if anyone could get on their bikes to work anywhere. That suggests today's world would be much richer if passports had died out in the early 20th Century. There's one simple reason they didn't: World War One intervened. With security concerns trumping ease of travel, governments imposed strict new controls on movement, and they proved unwilling to relinquish those powers once peace returned. In 1920, the newly formed League of Nations called an "International Conference on Passports, Customs Formalities and Through Tickets", which effectively invented the passport as we know it. From 1921, the conference said, passports should be 15.5cm (6in) by 10.5cm, 32 pages, bound in cardboard, with a photo. The format has changed remarkably little since. Like John Gadsby, anyone with the right colour passport can only count their blessings. Tim Harford writes the Financial Times's Undercover Economist column. 50 Things That Made the Modern Economy is broadcast on the BBC World Service. You can find more information about the programme's sources and listen online or subscribe to the programme podcast.

"हम अंग्रेज क्या कहेंगे अगर हम लंदन से क्रिस्टल पैलेस या मैनचेस्टर से स्टॉकपोर्ट बिना पासपोर्ट या पुलिस अधिकारी के बिना नहीं जा सकते? इस पर निर्भर करें, हम अपने राष्ट्रीय विशेषाधिकारों के लिए भगवान के आधे आभारी नहीं हैं।"


David Ford will not seek re-election as justice minister

Summary: David Ford will not put his name forward to be justice minister after the Assembly elections in May.

The Alliance Party leader has held the post since policing and justice powers were devolved to Stormont in 2010. Mr Ford will run for re-election as an MLA, but a party spokesperson says the leader would not take the justice job again when the executive positions were decided after the election. It is unclear if the party will take up the post.

डेविड फोर्ड मई में विधानसभा चुनावों के बाद न्याय मंत्री के रूप में अपना नाम नहीं रखेंगे।


Coronavirus: Thousands say debilitating symptoms last 'for weeks'

Summary: Extreme fatigue, nausea, chest tightness, severe headaches, "brain fog" and limb pains are among the recurring symptoms described by some sufferers of Covid-19 for weeks - and even months - after their diagnosis.

By Zoe KleinmanBBC News They call themselves "long-haulers" and their symptoms persist long after the 14-day period that's officially said to be the average length of the illness. There are calls for both health professionals and employers to recognise that some people will take a lot longer than two weeks to recover. "It's the weirdest thing I've ever experienced," Helen Calder, from Liverpool, told BBC health correspondent Dominic Hughes. Nearly four months after she and her family caught the virus, and after needing hospital treatment twice, she still experiences a relapse roughly every two weeks where she is hit by debilitating fatigue, nausea, headaches and limb pain. Her doctors have diagnosed post viral fatigue and she says any small over-exertion while she is feeling well can set her back for days at a time. A very brief runaround with her young daughter during a family outing left her back in bed for days afterwards, completely exhausted. Donna McCulloch, from Winchester, was diagnosed by her GP on 23 March - she did not have a test - but says she was at her worst seven weeks later. "The whole of April and most of May were an absolute wipe-out," she says. "Everybody was saying it was 14 days, and I just didn't get better. By week six I was panicked." Concerned about a secondary infection, her doctors prescribed antibiotics, which she says made her feel even worse. Donna now finally thinks she is on the mend: "I'm not where I was - but I've done everything I can to get myself get back on track." Donna and Helen are far from alone. Thousands of people are sharing stories of their prolonged battle with Covid-19, using hashtags and joining Facebook groups like the Long Covid Support Group, which has more than 5,200 members. Data from the Covid Symptom Study app, downloaded more than three million times, suggests a "significant number" of people report symptoms for a month. One in 10-20 report it for longer than that, says genetic epidemiologist Prof Tim Spector, who came up with the app idea. "When this started, everyone assumed it was like the flu, it would all be over in a week and a few people would end up in hospital and either recover or have problems," he says. "And we now know from people logging onto the app every day that there is a significant proportion of people who have problems lasting not just the average... but over a month." Dr Jake Suett, an intensive-care doctor in Norfolk, who was himself ill for several weeks, wrote an open letter calling on the government to push for more research into long-haul symptoms, and also to raise awareness among not only health professionals but also employers, who may see their staff off work for longer than two weeks. "These patients may require financial help, and their employers need to have a realistic expectation for the time it will take them to recover," he wrote. The issue has since been raised separately in parliament, and NHS England has just launched a new service to help people deal with the long-term effects of coronavirus. The government has also announced an £8.4m study into the long-term impact on health. But Dr Suett has not yet had a response. So what is going on? Long-term consequences also affect some people who experience other chronic respiratory illnesses, including viral pneumonia in various forms, says Dr Michael Head, an epidemiologist at the University of Southampton. It's difficult to pin down whether there are more or less people affected in the case of Covid-19, because existing studies into other conditions give inconsistent results. But Dr Head says the variety of its symptoms could be more unusual. "What may well be different with Covid-19 is the sheer range of observed long-term health consequences." The tiredness, "brain fog" and lingering loss of taste and smell that many long-haulers report has led some to ask whether the virus actually attacks the brain. "It's not yet fully known as to how these symptoms come about, for example whether the virus has an indirect effect on the nervous system, or whether it can pass through the blood-brain barrier and affect the brain directly," says Dr Head. "It is certainly very clear that the virus does affect many parts of the body beyond the lung." Prof Paul Garner from the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine is an epidemiologist who has been studying his own post-Covid19 long-haul journey since he first fell ill on 19 March. He describes his condition now as being like Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) or ME. He says some sufferers think their condition must be psychological, because they can't believe they are experiencing such intense symptoms for such a long time. "They think, 'I can't be going through this, this is too strange. I must be having a mental breakdown'," he says. "I've spoken to general practitioners who think they are undergoing a nervous breakdown. But, actually, they've just got symptoms of the disease." Ultimately complete rest is crucial to eventual recovery, Prof Garner says - but many people will feel unable to do that, either for financial or family reasons, or both. "If you don't give the body time to heal, it kicks you back," he says. "Rushing back into work because you have to is more likely to make you ill again and likely to delay your recovery, and people haven't thought this through, I think."

अत्यधिक थकान, मतली, छाती में जकड़न, गंभीर सिरदर्द, "मस्तिष्क कोहरा" और अंगों में दर्द कोविड-19 के कुछ पीड़ितों द्वारा उनके निदान के बाद हफ्तों-और यहां तक कि महीनों तक वर्णित आवर्ती लक्षणों में से हैं।


Leyton machete police attack: 'I thought he would kill me'

Summary: A night patrol in east London last August had begun like any other in PC Stuart Outten's decade-long career with the Met Police. Yet it would end abruptly with him severely wounded in the middle of a street and fighting for his life.

"My only thought process at the time was I need to stop him or he will kill me," the 29-year-old recalls. He had been travelling along Leyton High Road on 7 August with a colleague when they spotted a suspicious looking van. PC Outten, who was driving, asked his colleague to check the vehicle's details in the police national computer. They realised the van had no insurance so decided to pull the driver over. The man behind the wheel was Muhammad Rodwan, a 56-year-old handyman from Luton, who was convicted of wounding with intent but found not guilty of attempted murder following a trial at the Old Bailey. PC Outten said Rodwan originally stopped but "doesn't get out of the car, he shouts at my colleague through his closed window then drives off". "So we have a car chase that lasts no longer than 300-400 metres and he stops again, gets out of his van and shouts at me through the windscreen," he adds. After remonstrating with the officers, Rodwan tried to drive away again but PC Outten stopped him from closing the van door. He then punched the Met officer twice in the face. The officer arrested Rodwan on suspicion of assaulting a police officer, yet that was just the beginning of the attack. "He broke free of my grip, lunges across inside his van - I'm trying to grab his trousers, grab his legs to try to drag him out and he starts hitting me in the head with something," PC Outten says. The officer became aware his head was "getting wet quickly" and was conscious "something big, heavy and sharp was hitting me on the side of the head" but, with the adrenaline taking over, he "could not feel it" . 'He's going to kill me' In fact Rodwan was slashing at him with a rusty two-foot long (60cm) machete, slicing into his head and arms blow by blow. Despite his severe injuries, the PC was able to back away and fired his Taser. But the stun gun failed to make a full impact and Rodwan, still armed, advanced towards him. "My thought process then is 'Well, I've got one more shot and if this one doesn't work he's going to kill me'," the PC recalls. Stumbling to the floor, PC Outten aimed and fired again. "I fully believe that he would have carried on hacking at me," he says. With Rodwan incapacitated, the Met officer radioed for support and he was rushed to hospital. He had suffered six head wounds, including a fractured skull, slash wounds to his arm, several broken fingers and three severed tendons in one hand. His scars are still prominent five months on, but lying in the hospital at the time he was glad "everything was still intact". PC Outten spent just 36 hours in hospital having just "wanted to go home". The officer is still in recovery and has to complete stretches daily to keep his injured hand in working order. But he holds no ill feelings to the man who left him so badly hurt. "I don't believe he was attacking me personally, I believe he was attacking a police officer in uniform," he says. "There's no hatred, there's no time for hatred. He'll get what he deserves via sentence. I can't go round holding grudges otherwise they'll weigh on me and they'll bring me down, and they'll change who I am." Talking about the night he nearly died has helped him deal with the aftermath and, remarkably, he insists it has not tainted his enthusiasm for policing the capital. "I can't change it so there's no point feeling sad, feeling down or anything negative about it. All I can do is use that and move forward with it. "As soon as they let me, I'll be back on the street. If they'd have let me I would have been out a week with my stitches in place and my hand in a cast."

पिछले अगस्त में पूर्वी लंदन में एक रात की गश्ती पी. सी. स्टुअर्ट आउटन के मेट्रोपॉलिटन पुलिस के साथ एक दशक लंबे करियर में किसी भी अन्य की तरह शुरू हुई थी। फिर भी यह अचानक समाप्त हो गया जब वह सड़क के बीच में गंभीर रूप से घायल हो गया और अपने जीवन के लिए लड़ रहा था।


The search for India's first Olympic medallist

Summary: Norman Gilbert Pritchard was the first Indian athlete to win an Olympic medal, but little is known about his life and his family. Delhi-based sports journalist Gulu Ezekiel writes about his search for Pritchard's family that lasted for more than three decades.

The journey is more important than the destination, as the saying goes, unless the journey is as long as 34 years. My journey to find out about the life of India's first Olympian, Norman Gilbert Pritchard, began in 1984. He had won two silver medals in athletics at the Paris Summer Olympics in 1900. I stumbled on his name while researching for a story on the Summer Olympics that were underway in Los Angeles that year. But it wasn't until last month that I finally got in touch with his descendants, who now live in Middlesex, England. Pritchard was born in the eastern Indian city of Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) on 23 April 1875. He grew up in India and it's also where he cut his sporting teeth before leaving for England in 1905 on business. He then moved to the United States to pursue a career in acting. Pritchard was an all-round athlete. He scored the first hat-trick in Indian football in 1899, he excelled in rugby and he competed in numerous track events. He had many firsts to his name - he was the first Indian Olympian and the first Asian to win silver medals in 200m and 200m hurdles; he was also the first Olympian to act on the stage in England and on the big screen in silent Hollywood movies under the screen name, Norman Trevor. Yet, very little is known about him. For many years, my research on Pritchard was stuck on locating his relatives and their descendants. I knew he had a daughter named Dorothy but not much else. The breakthrough in tracing his living relatives was thanks to my friends, UK-based genealogist Natalie Cook, and cricket historian, Martin Chandler. Ms Cook located the family of Pritchard's younger sister whose grandson, Gilbert Norman Pritchard Cann, now 73 years old, was also an accomplished all-round sportsman in school. He was born in Kolkata and he went to school at St. Xavier's where his famed ancestor had studied in the late 19th Century. Mr Cann moved to England in 1961 with his parents and brother. I got in touch with Mr Cann's eldest daughter, Natalie, on Facebook and she, in turn, connected me with her father. My interest had been piqued by Pritchard's unique accomplishments - and the fact that India had claimed two Olympic medals back in 1900, a fact few around the world and in India are aware of. "All of us were, of course, well aware of Norman's Olympic feats and his acting career with all the male members of the family being given either one of his names - Norman Gilbert Pritchard or Trevor," Mr Cann told me. "However, it's the senior family members, who are no more, who had details of his personal life." Mr Cann won a bagful of gold medals in track and field events in his final year in school in Kolkata in 1960. He also captained his school's football, hockey and cricket teams. His brief moment of glory was in the semi-final of the national inter-school cricket competition - he finished 51 not out and led his team into the final which they eventually lost. The win came at the last minute and after nearly 60 years, Mr Cann has vivid memories of the match which brought him a lot of publicity in Indian newspapers. Raju Mukherjee, a former domestic Indian cricketer, went to school with Mr Cann, whom he remembered him by the nickname, Gily. He told me: "He was an exceptional athlete. He was primarily a pace bowler, a hard-hitting batsman and a brilliant fielder in the deep." So what is the big gap left in Pritchard's life? It is whether his daughter, Dorothy, ever married and had children. According to the New York Times' obituary on Pritchard, she had been single and living in New York when he died in California in 1929. The family too is unaware of what happened to Dorothy and it remains a mystery. Though Mr Cann never returned to India, he hopes to do so someday. He recalled his childhood in Kolkata with fondness and added that the conversations he had with me made him look forward to his visit. It was emotional for me as well, having wondered all these years whether I would ever be able to connect with the living relatives of the remarkable Norman Pritchard. Gulu Ezekiel is an independent Delhi-based sports journalist and writer. He is the co-author of Great Indian Olympians and a number of other sports books.

नॉर्मन गिल्बर्ट प्रिचर्ड ओलंपिक पदक जीतने वाले पहले भारतीय एथलीट थे, लेकिन उनके जीवन और उनके परिवार के बारे में बहुत कम जानकारी है। दिल्ली के खेल पत्रकार गुलू एज़कील ने प्रिचर्ड के परिवार की खोज के बारे में लिखा है जो तीन दशकों से अधिक समय तक चली।


The last Armenians of Myanmar

Summary: One of the oldest churches in Myanmar, also known as Burma, is struggling to keep going - its congregation only occasionally reaches double figures. But the opening up of the country to outside investment and tourism is offering new hope.

By Andrew WhiteheadBBC World Service, Yangon Reverend John Felix, priest at the Armenian church in Yangon, also known as Rangoon, can't speak Armenian - but then neither can his congregation. Not that there is much of a congregation these days - just seven, myself included, on a recent Sunday morning. The 150-year-old church enjoys an imposing location, at a street corner in downtown Yangon. It's a beautiful building, a patch of calm in a bustling city. The Armenian Orthodox church of St John the Baptist - standing, suitably, on Merchant Street - is almost all that's left of what was one of the city's main trading communities. "To judge from church records, there were once a few hundred Armenian families in Burma but the last 'full' Armenian died last year. Across the country, there are no more than 10 or 20 families who are part Armenian - and just a handful still come to the church," says Felix. Rachel Minus, in her mid-30s, can sing in Armenian - and does with reverence - but can't speak the language. She attends on Sundays with her father, who also tolls the church bells. "My grandfather was full Armenian and our family name is derived from the Armenian surname of Minossian. We're part Armenian and this church and its services mean a lot to us," she says. On that Sunday, just one other worshipper was of Armenian descent. Percy Everard has been coming to the church for decades. His wedding, the priest believes, was the last to be conducted at the church - but it's so distant no one is quite sure how long ago it took place. In the early 17th Century, large numbers of Armenians fled the Ottoman Empire and settled in Isfahan in what's now Iran. From there, many travelled on in later years to form a commercial network which stretched from Amsterdam to Manila. Their influence in the British Raj reached its peak in the late 19th Century, when census records suggest that about 1,300 Armenians were living principally in Calcutta, Dhaka and Rangoon. Their closeness to the Burmese royal court gave them a particularly privileged status in Rangoon's trading community. The land on which the church stands is said to have been presented to the Armenians by Burma's king. The region's most prestigious hotels - including The Strand a short walk from the church in downtown Yangon and the even more famous Raffles in Singapore - were established by Armenians. But bit-by-bit over the past century many in these small Armenian outposts, worried by political and economic instability, have looked for a new home - with Australia the most favoured destination. John Felix - whose bishop is based thousands of miles away in Sydney - is a welcoming and enthusiastic clergyman, proud of his church and unbowed by the difficulties of keeping going as the congregation steadily shrinks. Felix took over as priest of the Yangon church from his father, who died three years ago after more than 30 years as minister. Like his father, he was initially ordained into the Anglican communion and then re-ordained as an Orthodox priest. He was born in Myanmar, speaks Burmese - but is of south Indian origin, and so has his roots in another of the migrant communities which once made Yangon such a thriving commercial hub. A global church He worries about the upkeep of the building. "There are three spots in the roof where the water's coming in, and we need to get them fixed." But this is by any standards a neat, well-kept church, and an important part of Yangon's rich colonial-era architectural heritage which is increasingly attracting tourists and international attention. Sunday worship has all the hallmarks of an Orthodox church service - icons, incense and, in spite of the slender attendance, entrancing hymn singing. Felix doesn't wear the ornate priestly robes in which his father once conducted ceremonies, but he remains firmly part of the Orthodox tradition. That Orthodox lineage could be key to the survival of the church - as a spiritual home to all the various forms of Orthodox Christianity as well as a last vestige of an almost-gone Armenian community. Already diplomats, business visitors and tourists from a range of Orthodox countries and churches - Russian, Greek, Serbian - occasionally swell the numbers at St John the Baptist, the only Orthodox church in Myanmar's biggest city. A new worshipper here, Ramona Tarta, is Romanian, a globetrotting business woman, publisher and events organiser who has lived in Yangon for the last few months. "My faith is very important to me. Wherever I am in the world, I seek out an Orthodox church. But I was about to give up on Yangon. I thought it was the only city I'd ever lived in which had no Orthodox place of worship," she complains. She chanced across the Armenian church when driving past, and believes that with a little promotion, this historic building - and the tradition to which it bears testimony - could have a more secure future. If the church reached out more actively to all strands of Orthodoxy then, she argues, it could attract more worshippers and find a renewed purpose. She's set up a Facebook page for the church as a first step towards getting more attention. Myanmar has had more than its share of troubles and upheaval over the last century. The country was occupied by the Japanese during World War Two, and suffered greater privation and damage to its infrastructure than almost anywhere else in the region. Many Armenians were among those who embarked on the arduous wartime trek north through jungle and forest to the relative safety of British India - a memorial in the church lists the 13 members of one Armenian family who died during the journey. Burma gained independence from Britain in 1948, several months after India and Pakistan. Within a few years, it had a military-backed government which made little effort to develop commercial links beyond the country's borders. The army's violent suppression in 1988 of the democracy movement further heightened the country's international isolation. Over the past few years, Myanmar has been edging towards greater democracy, and has started to open its doors more widely to foreign business and investment. What was one of Asia's most international cities is again starting to develop a more global aspect. And a church which has its roots in an earlier era of international commerce may find fresh succour from a new bout of globalisation. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

म्यांमार के सबसे पुराने चर्चों में से एक, जिसे बर्मा के नाम से भी जाना जाता है, जारी रखने के लिए संघर्ष कर रहा है-इसकी मण्डली केवल कभी-कभी दोहरे अंकों तक पहुंचती है। लेकिन देश को बाहरी निवेश और पर्यटन के लिए खोलना नई उम्मीद की पेशकश कर रहा है।


Coronavirus: Health workers face violent attacks in Mexico

Summary: Mexican nurse Ligia Kantun says that in 40 years of work, she has never witnessed such a poisonous reaction to health workers. While in many countries doctors and nurses are being praised for their work on the coronavirus front line, in Mexico dozens have been attacked.

By Marcos González DíazGuadalajara, México Ligia, 59, says that she has worked during the swine flu pandemic in 2009 and an outbreak of cholera in 2013, but some people are "behaving psychotically in response to this virus. It is terrible". She was attacked on 8 April after leaving work in her hometown of Merida, Yucatan. Someone drove past her and threw hot coffee down her back. "Infected!" they yelled through the car window before speeding away. She says that luckily she was not badly injured but recognises it could have been worse. As of 28 April, there have been at least 47 attacks against health workers, particularly nurses, in the country, the Mexican government says. And the authorities recognise the true figure may be higher - reports on social media of discrimination range from nurses stopped from getting on buses to doctors assaulted by relatives of Covid-19 patients. "It made me sad… to see how people are attacking us," says Ligia. "That hurt me more - the psychological damage." Some of the attacks appear to have been motivated by a misguided attempt to disinfect health workers. Alondra Torres, an ear, nose and throat specialist, had diluted bleach thrown over her on 13 April while walking her dogs in the city of Guadalajara. She does not see Covid-19 patients in her clinic, but is convinced her uniform made her a target. Alondra, who suffered conjunctivitis and contact dermatitis on her neck and shoulder as a result, says she was "disappointed" that some people seem to believe she needs to be bathed in bleach. "My eye was burning a lot, I couldn't see well." Doctors and nurses have not been the only frontline targets. Daniel (not his real name) was getting off a bus a few blocks from the Guadalajara hospital where he works as a cleaner when he was brutally attacked by a group of other passengers. "When I got on the bus I noticed that three people became aggressive. They kept repeating the word "dirty", which they then repeated while they were beating me," he says. "I felt it was never going to end." He suffered bruises to his head and face. Police suspect the assault was triggered by his hospital cleaner's uniform. Nurse Melody Rodríguez, 25, has even felt compelled to move house for the time being. She was coming home to her village of Lo de Marcos, in Nayarit state, on 8 April, when she came face to face with a group of residents blocking her path. "They said if I entered the village I wouldn't be allowed to leave again. And they said that it would be better if I didn't enter at all because I came from a source of infection," she says. A colleague filmed the incident and shared it on social media. The municipal authorities intervened to ensure Melody could get home, but she opted to just collect some belongings and rent a room in another town. She was too frightened to go home. "The fact that I had to get out and the way I had to get out, I still feel awful because they really made me feel like I was plague-ridden." "This is discrimination, and it is really detestable. We give our support to all workers in the health sector, everyone. They are our heroes, our heroines," said Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador a few weeks ago. The government has subsequently deployed members of the National Guard in hospitals and some states have offered medical workers private transport and even hotel rooms so they can avoid long commutes home. The World Health Organization says up to 38% of health workers experience physical violence at some point in their careers, but the coronavirus pandemic seems to have exacerbated this threat in Mexico. Experts think the attacks reflect the public's conflicted feelings about what the medical workers represent in a country which had recorded 40,186 cases and 4,220 deaths of Covid-19 as of 13 May. "They (the health workers) symbolically represent the disease itself and the cure," says María del Carmen Montenegro, from the Faculty of Psychology at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México And she says that unlike other traumatic events, the virus is impossible to run away from, "and that generates more fear". Alondra, the doctor doused with bleach, agrees that the attacks are motivated by "a mixture of ignorance and fear". "What if [the attack involved] acid next time?" she says. But she is determined to keep working, returning to her clinic just a few days after the attack. "This is not going to make me doubt about my work, my profession or my dreams of continuing to help people". Ligia is also adamant she will continue to work. "My country and my people need me and I will give everything I have." Mexico's health workers say they are not expecting applause, just respect. "We don't need you to praise us, just let us do our job… That's why we are there for you," says Melody.

मैक्सिकन नर्स लिगिया कान्टुन का कहना है कि 40 वर्षों के काम में, उन्होंने स्वास्थ्य कार्यकर्ताओं के प्रति इतनी जहरीली प्रतिक्रिया कभी नहीं देखी। जबकि कई देशों में डॉक्टरों और नर्सों की कोरोनावायरस फ्रंट लाइन पर उनके काम के लिए प्रशंसा की जा रही है, मेक्सिको में दर्जनों पर हमला किया गया है।


Missing Aberdeenshire sea cliffs climber is senior teacher

Summary: A missing climber believed to have fallen from sea cliffs in Aberdeenshire is a senior teacher.

Owain Bristow, the head of biology at Robert Gordon's College in Aberdeen, went missing on Friday. Emergency services had received a report of a man falling into the water near the Bullers of Buchan beauty spot. Police and coastguards using a drone and a helicopter have been leading the search. Aberdeen and Peterhead lifeboats have been combing the coast. Robert Gordon's College is offering support to pupils.

एबरडीनशायर में समुद्र की चट्टानों से गिरने वाला एक लापता पर्वतारोही एक वरिष्ठ शिक्षक है।


Bob Higgins: Ex-Saints coach child abuse charges trial date set

Summary: A date has been set for the trial of a former Southampton Football Club youth coach who faces child abuse charges.

Bob Higgins, 64, of Southampton, appeared at Winchester Crown Court earlier charged with 65 counts of indecent assault against 23 boys, all aged under 17. The alleged offences took place between 1970 and 1996. Mr Higgins, whose first name is Robert, did not enter a plea but a provisional trial date has been set for 9 April.

साउथेम्प्टन फुटबॉल क्लब के पूर्व युवा कोच के मुकदमे के लिए एक तारीख निर्धारित की गई है, जो बाल शोषण के आरोपों का सामना कर रहे हैं।


Birth of a Mugabe dynasty in Zimbabwe?

Summary: The birth of a dynasty is not an easy thing to predict. But many Zimbabweans now seem preoccupied by the tantalising possibility that the Mugabes are seeking to join the list - admittedly a shrinking list - of families who have managed to pass the reins of power across the dinner table.

Andrew HardingAfrica correspondent@BBCAndrewHon Twitter President Robert Mugabe is 90. His second wife, Grace, is 49. Succession speculation has been a constant theme for years in Zimbabwe, but Grace Mugabe has only recently emerged as a possible contender. Outsiders are likely to have heard of the president's former secretary in exclusively dubious terms - for her allegedly extravagant shopping habits; for the incident when she punched a British journalist in Hong Kong; and other alleged excesses. Zimbabwe's state media, by contrast, have sought to highlight her devotion to charity work. The notion of a "President Grace" first gained currency in August when Mrs Mugabe - a political novice - was unexpectedly endorsed as the next leader of the governing Zanu-PF's Women's League - a powerful role - to be confirmed at the party's congress in December. Fuel was added to the fire this month when the first lady became Dr Mugabe - awarded a PhD in sociology just two months after enrolling at the University of Zimbabwe, and with her thesis curiously absent from the institution's online archives. When I rang up Zanu-PF's spokesman Rugare Gumbo for his analysis of Mrs Mugabe's embryonic political career, it quickly became clear that the topic was an uncomfortable one. "Please no... I'm not answering anything related to that... Come on, you can't ask me why not," said Mr Gumbo rather briskly. So what is going on? There are - appropriately enough for such a tale of palace intrigue - multiple theories. 'Major miscalculation' The most down-to-earth analysis holds that Mrs Mugabe has no chance of being president, and is being used by one faction within Zanu-PF. "It's very easy to explain. She's been brought in as a means to stop Joyce Mujuru by any means," said the veteran political commentator Ibbo Mandaza. Vice-President Mujuru is seen as a leading contender to succeed President Mugabe. The theory goes that her long-standing rival, Emmerson Mnangagwa, is promoting Mrs Mugabe as a short-term ploy to sideline Mrs Mujuru. "When her husband goes, that's the end of her political career if there's such a career at all," said Mr Mandaza, blithely dismissing the notion of a Mugabe dynasty. The next theory is that President Mugabe is promoting his wife primarily in order to keep all the Zanu-PF factions off-balance, and to strengthen his own position. The rise of Grace Mugabe Dewa Mavhinga, from Human Rights Watch, believes the president has made a serious mistake by bringing in someone with no political pedigree whatsoever. "It shows that President Mugabe doesn't trust anyone around him. I think he was under pressure to control the factions and extend his own stay in office, but it was a major miscalculation and exposed him for the first time if you see how the factions are now fighting openly in the media," said Mr Mavhinga. But there is another, less intrigue-driven analysis of Mrs Mugabe's abrupt arrival on the political stage. Simba Makoni, a former Zanu-PF minister who ran for the presidency as an independent against Mr Mugabe in 2008, believes people are too quick to reject the possibility of a dynasty. "Grace is poised to lead the Women's League... in December. That is a given. And my hunch is she is not going to end there, realising how easy it has been for her to get to there in such a short time," said Mr Makoni. "So I would say watch this space - there will be more happening." It is tempting to argue that a dynasty is an expression of political power - proof that President Mugabe still has the authority to impose his will on Zanu-PF and Zimbabwe. But you could argue the exact opposite - that here is a man who, after three decades in power, can trust no-one outside his immediate family.

राजवंश के जन्म की भविष्यवाणी करना कोई आसान बात नहीं है। लेकिन कई जिम्बाब्वेवासी अब इस संभावना से परेशान हैं कि मुगाबे उन परिवारों की सूची में शामिल होने की कोशिश कर रहे हैं जो खाने की मेज पर सत्ता की बागडोर संभालने में कामयाब रहे हैं।


World War One: The British hero who did not shoot Hitler

Summary: Henry Tandey became the most decorated private soldier in World War One. His bravery though, would be eclipsed in the run up to World War Two by allegations he had spared Adolf Hitler's life, in 1918. But, is the story accurate?

By Bethan BellBBC News The two events were separated by 20 years. On 28 September 1918, Pte Tandey earned the Victoria Cross "for most conspicuous bravery and initiative" at the fifth Battle of Ypres. Twenty years later, Hitler himself is said to have planted the seeds of the legend during a visit to the Fuhrer by British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, in his doomed attempt to secure "peace for our time". He apparently seized on the fact that along with many of his fellow soldiers, Pte Tandey had tempered justice with mercy, refusing to kill unarmed, injured men in cold blood. The leader of the Third Reich claimed he was one of those spared. At his Bavarian retreat the Berghof, Chamberlain noticed a picture on the wall of Hitler's study, depicting a scene from a battle at Menin crossroads in 1914. The soldier in the foreground was apparently Pte Tandey, carrying a fellow soldier to safety. Hitler told Chamberlain the soldier had pointed a gun at him but spared him. "That man came so near to killing me that I thought I should never see Germany again," Hitler is alleged to have said. "Providence saved me from such devilish accurate fire as those English boys were aiming at us." The museum of the Green Howards - Pte Tandey's regiment, which commissioned the painting in 1923 from Italian war artist Fortunino Matania - confirmed a copy was hanging at Hitler's retreat. The museum has a letter from Hitler's adjutant, Capt Fritz Weidemann, thanking them: "The Fuehrer is naturally very interested in things connected with his own war experiences. He was obviously moved when I showed him the picture." The painting's route to Hitler's wall was fairly convoluted, centring on one of his staff, a Dr Otto Schwend, who had received a postcard of the painting from a British soldier whom he had befriended in WW1. Hitler had apparently claimed to recognise in it a soldier he met in 1918, but the painting depicts a battle that actually took place in 1914. Dr David Johnson, Pte Tandey's biographer, throws more doubt on the story. He pointed out that even if the date were accurate it would have been unlikely for Pte Tandey to have been recognisable from the painting. He had been injured during the 1918 battle, and in contrast to the painting, would have been "extremely dishevelled and covered in mud and blood". Perhaps even more compellingly, Dr Johnson argues there was no way Pte Tandey and L/Cpl Hitler could have crossed paths. On 17 September, Hitler's unit had been moved about 50 miles (80km) north of Pte Tandey's, which was in Marcoing, near Cambrai in northern France. The meeting of the men was supposed to have happened on 28 September 1918, but papers at the Bavarian State Archive show Hitler had been on leave between 25 September and 27 September. "This means that Hitler was either on leave or returning from leave at the time or with his regiment 50 miles north of Marcoing," Dr Johnson said. He also said it was not likely that Hitler had been simply confused. "It's likely he chose that date because he knew Tandey had become one of the most decorated soldiers in the war," said Dr Johnson. "If he was going to have his life spared by a British soldier, who better than a famous war hero who had won a Victoria Cross, Military Medal and a Distinguished Conduct Medal in a matter of weeks? "With his god-like self-perception, the story added to his own myth - that he had been spared for something greater, that he was somehow "chosen". His story embellished his reputation nicely." It was another detail that also set alarm bells ringing, Dr Johnson said. No telephone On returning to Britain, Mr Chamberlain is alleged to have phoned Pte Tandey to pass on details of the exchange he had with Hitler. He was out at the time, so a nephew apparently took the call. Dr Johnson is highly sceptical the call was made, not least because Mr Chamberlain was a very busy man. "I can't see him spending time tracking down and telephoning a Private," he said. "He also sent long and detailed letters to his sisters and kept diaries. Nowhere in his papers was the Tandey affair mentioned." British Telecom archives add more doubt - Pte Tandey did not have a telephone. But the story has persisted, having probably first come to light at a regimental event in 1938 where, Dr Johnson said, Pte Tandey was told by an officer who had heard it from Mr Chamberlain. "We don't know whether Tandey was taken to one side and told privately - or whether it was a jocular part of an after-dinner speech, or something like that," he said. Pte Tandey himself was noncommittal about it. He acknowledged he had spared soldiers on 28 September, and was initially prepared to entertain the idea - but always made a point of saying he needed more information to confirm it. He was quoted in an August 1939 edition of the Coventry Herald as saying: "According to them, I've met Adolf Hitler. "Maybe they're right but I can't remember him." But a year later, he appeared to be more certain, when a journalist approached him outside his bombed Coventry home, asking him about his alleged encounter with Hitler. "If only I had known what he would turn out to be," Pte Tandey is quoted as saying. "When I saw all the people and women and children he had killed and wounded I was sorry to God I let him go." The newspapers seemed to say it all: "Nothing Henry did that night could ease his sickening sense of guilt." "It was a stigma that Tandey lived with until his death" "He could have stopped this. He could have changed the course of history" However, there is no evidence, not even anecdotal, he was either hounded or avoided after the claims. 'Extremely dishevelled' "It must be remembered that this was a low point for the country and for Coventry, and Henry can be excused for feeling a little sorry for himself and emotional after the sights he had witnessed," Dr Johnson said. "We must not forget that in 1918, no-one knew who Hitler was. Why would Henry remember and regret that specific encounter, especially when Hitler would also have been extremely dishevelled and covered in mud and blood, not looking like he did 20 years later. "It might be equally true that the journalist concerned took Henry's comments out of context, which might go some way to explaining his distrust of the press."

हेनरी टंडी प्रथम विश्व युद्ध में सबसे सम्मानित निजी सैनिक बन गए। हालाँकि, उनकी बहादुरी को द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध से पहले 1918 में एडॉल्फ हिटलर के जीवन को बचाने के आरोपों से ग्रहण लग जाएगा। लेकिन, क्या कहानी सही है?


Borders workmen take home unexploded bomb

Summary: A controlled explosion has been carried out on a World War Two bomb which two workmen took home after finding it on a remote Borders hillside.

The pair made the discovery while erecting fences above Westruther on Monday. They put the device in the back of their van, which they left outside a colleague's house in Earlston. The man's father noticed it and a bomb disposal unit later carried out a controlled explosion in a nearby field. Police said there was no danger to the public at any time.

द्वितीय विश्व युद्ध के बम पर एक नियंत्रित विस्फोट किया गया है जिसे दो कर्मचारी एक दूरस्थ सीमा पहाड़ी पर खोजने के बाद घर ले गए।


Over to you, chancellor

Summary: This is further than the bank was expected to go.

Simon JackBusiness editor Although a cut of quarter of a percent was not a surprise, a specific message that it could fall further towards zero by year end was unexpected. Add to that an additional £70bn pumped into the system through buying bonds with newly created money plus another £100bn of cheap money made available to banks for lending and it is clear the Bank of England has real concerns about the economy. It has slashed its growth forecast for the UK economy next year from 2.3% to just 0.8% - and that's including the impact of today's measures. While describing this package as comprehensive and co-ordinated, the Bank was very clear about what it could NOT do. While it can increase the SUPPLY of credit while protecting the profit margins of the the banks who offer it, it can't increase the DEMAND for it. Future Businesses may be more concerned with things that only the government can address. In a time of post-Brexit uncertainty, businesses will be understandably reluctant to invest until they get a better idea, for example, of the government's plans for tax and spending, as well as our future relationship with the UK's biggest trading partner. In the last few hours, the former chancellor, George Osborne, has taken to social media to call for lower business taxes and increased infrastructure spending. The British Chambers of Commerce have echoed that, calling for the government to "offer incentives for business investment and address some of the long-term, structural issues facing the UK economy, such as our chronic underinvestment in infrastructure". The CBI joined in saying the government needed to take "swift, decisive action to unlock key infrastructure investment and show that the UK is open for business". Tools The governor said all of today's measures could, and in the case of lower rates very likely would, be taken further but was also clear that he is looking for the government to do its part to shore up the UK economy. In a statement this afternoon, the Chancellor, Phillip Hammond, said he was confident that both he and the governor "had the tools available to support the economy". Today we saw the Bank of England show its toolkit, businesses will want a bit more detail on what's in the chancellor's.

यह बैंक के जाने की उम्मीद से कहीं अधिक है।


US election 2016: China eyes chance to weaken US power

Summary: He may have won at home, but on the level where great nations contend, President-elect Trump's campaign slogan "Make America Great Again" now goes head to head with China's favourite catchphrases, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the China dream.

Carrie GracieChina editor@BBCCarrieon Twitter At precisely the moment Mr Trump was giving his victory speech, Chinese TV channels were running extensive coverage of a space mission and President Xi even chose US results day to talk to China's astronauts by satellite link. It was hard to escape the sense that this was his version of the John F Kennedy "we choose to go to the Moon" moment, a message to remind his public that whatever is going on elsewhere in the world, the narrative of rising Chinese might is on course. In private, President Xi is probably celebrating a win in the US too. As I and many others have noted before, the American election race has been a gift to the Chinese Communist Party. In a giant one-party state which enjoys no public discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of its own system, the United States has often been the unspoken benchmark of all that is most materially, culturally and politically advanced. It's no accident that President Xi's China dream slogan echoes the American dream. For a rising superpower, the United States is the nation to beat. Over recent years, Chinese commentators have often said that American wars in Afghanistan and Iraq damaged Chinese faith that the US could be trusted to lead on the world's geopolitics, and that the 2008 financial crisis damaged Chinese faith that the US could be trusted to lead on the global economy. Now a bitter and scandal-ridden presidential race has damaged Chinese confidence that Americans can be trusted to run themselves. Although the Chinese government has been careful to avoid direct comment on the candidates or the campaign, its tightly-controlled media have given full play to the rancour and division of the race. The president-elect has repeatedly echoed Beijing's argument that the American system is rigged in favour of moneyed elites. And Chinese media have discussed at length the experience and meritocratic advance of public servants in their own one-party pyramid as a comment on shallow demagogues in electoral democracies. For a nation which within living memory has suffered civil war and the terrors of the fanatical Cultural Revolution, the bitterness of the US campaign has tarnished any fairytale that American democracy once represented. But on the president-elect himself, the public view is mixed. Many Chinese admire Mr Trump as a businessman, a straight talker and an outsider. If in four years from now, he has "made America great again", then the political system which produced him will regain some credibility. But if the team behind "the China Dream" are making the Chinese public rich, sending rockets to Mars and dominating Asia, then 9 November 2016 may mark the moment when China left the American Dream behind forever. And in the meantime, the Chinese government has to come to terms with a US president who has no track record, no known team and no concrete China policy. We'll get along great with China, said Mr Trump on the campaign trail. But he also said: "They come in, they take our jobs, they make a fortune. We are living through the greatest jobs theft in the history of the world." And occasionally he also seemed to find a middle way. "I have done great deals in China. China is wonderful. I'm not angry at China. I'm angry at our people for allowing them to get away with this... China is wonderful, but they are getting away with murder." As part of Mr Trump's promise to "Make America Great Again" he's often said the US must "win" in its economic relations with China. But over the past four decades, the leaders of the Chinese Communist Party have learned to take US campaign promises with a pinch of salt. They've watched many American presidents come and go, making fierce threats against China on the campaign trail, and then quietly returning to a policy of engagement after their first few months in office. At a time when China's economic growth is faltering, access to US markets remains vital and protectionism from an incoming Trump administration would alarm Beijing. But its trade negotiators have had many months to game every possible Trump move on tariffs, market access or exchange rates. And Beijing will have logged that many of the long-time Asia experts in the Republican Party have already ruled out working for a Trump presidency. When it comes to fighting Mr Trump's economic game, Beijing will be ready for him. It may also calculate that trade is a game in which it can afford to give Mr Trump some wins in exchange for its own coveted wins in the great game of geopolitics in Asia. This is where Mr Trump represents opportunity for China. On the campaign trail, the president-elect sounded much cooler on US commitments in Asia than his rival. He was fiercely hostile to the economic dimension of the Obama administration's effort to pivot to Asia. And even in the military dimension, Mr Trump has said that longstanding US allies like Japan and South Korea should pay more to maintain a US military presence. Critics in the region warn that any increase in US isolationism or protectionism, or any grand bargain with Beijing, will make Taiwan and the South China Sea vulnerable, and diminish American leadership in Asia at a time when states like the Philippines, Malaysia and Thailand are all calculating where their strategic interests lie. China's geostrategists will now hope that a Trump presidency plays into their ambitious plans to diminish American power and remake the map of Asia. They may well be right.

उन्होंने भले ही अपने देश में जीत हासिल की हो, लेकिन जिस स्तर पर महान राष्ट्र प्रतिस्पर्धा करते हैं, उस स्तर पर राष्ट्रपति-निर्वाचित ट्रम्प का अभियान नारा "मेक अमेरिका ग्रेट अगेन" अब चीन के पसंदीदा मुख्य वाक्यांशों, चीनी राष्ट्र के महान कायाकल्प और चीन के सपने के साथ आमने-सामने है।


AFLW: How a women's league has captivated Australia

Summary: Women are playing Australian rules football professionally for the first time in 2017, drawing sell-out crowds and stunning TV ratings. The league has been celebrated on several fronts despite some controversy over pay, writes Elissa Doherty in Melbourne.

Ask Google what foreigners think of Australian rules football and words like "blood sport", "insane" and "ferocious" come up. One US sports anchor even described Australia's beloved brand of football as a "mix between rugby and mugging someone". Sounds like a men-only zone, right? Wrong. Women have been playing the rough-and-tumble game in various forms for 102 years - but in 2017 they entered the big league. On a balmy night on 3 February, two of the first teams made history in inner Melbourne, booting the oval-shaped ball at an elite level for the first time. And to use Australian lingo, it was a bloody ripper. So strong was the interest, the inaugural women's clash between rivals the "Pies" (Collingwood Magpies) and the "Blues" (Carlton) had to be moved to a bigger venue. But even that wasn't large enough for the 26,000 fans who turned up to the free game, forcing the gates to close and 2,000 to be locked out. "Packed house for first-ever women's match," trumpeted the Australian Broadcasting Corp. "Footy's new female formula has a very big future," crowed Melbourne tabloid the Herald Sun. Controversy over pay inequality For the first season, AFL Women's (AFLW) players are earning between A$8,500 (£5,200; $6,500) and A$27,500, compared to the average of A$300,000 for men. But while the new league is in its infancy, the AFL is playing it safe with women recruited only part-time and for a shorter season than men. Most are still working other jobs to top up their pay packets. The wage disparity has generated controversy, but league chiefs insist they are committed to growing the competition. Collingwood recruit Lou Wotton is among players hoping this will translate into a full-time income. "Initially players were just happy to be paid at all, it's never happened before. It's just been pure passion and love," she said. "I'm hoping with the level of interest it has created, they will be able to increase the salary over time." The novelty failed to wane after the launch, with 50,000 attending the first four games and capacity crowds recorded in non-traditional Aussie rules (as the game is known) cities like Brisbane. Players have flocked to the game from myriad other codes to lace up their boots and carve a new path for women's sport. Stunning first week TV ratings have since taken a dip as the men's pre-season kicks off, but the numbers are still pleasing broadcasters and Australian Football League (AFL) chiefs. The screaming success is due in large part to trailblazers like Dr Sue Alberti, a pearl-wearing philanthropist who has long championed women's football. The businesswoman was forced to hang up her own footy boots at the age of 15 due to a lack of opportunities to play, but her passion never died. She became one of the most powerful women in footy, and propped up the Victorian Women's League with her own money when it was on its knees. Weeks after AFLW finally came to life, she still gets emotional. "I burst into tears at the first bounce," she told the BBC. "I've been wishing for this since I was 15, and I'm turning 70 this year. It's a dream come true. I had to pinch myself and ask 'Is this really happening?'" 'Wonders for women's sport' She's confident the momentum will only grow as the women gain experience and the talent pool widens. Peter Rolfe, sports affairs writer at the footy-centric Herald Sun, said the new league was attracting a whole new audience to Aussie rules. While women's sport has traditionally struggled to gain a firm foothold in the media spotlight, the tide is turning. "The Herald Sun had AFLW on the front and back pages over the opening round and a 16-page lift-out dedicated just to the female stars of the game," he said. "It's doing wonders for women's sport and will only get better as the league becomes increasingly professional." AFL boss Gillon McLachlan saw the writing on the wall when fans flocked to a series of women's exhibition matches, deciding to fast-track the league by three years. Women's participation in Aussie rules has also doubled in the past five years with 350 new teams in 2016. "What is really significant is that we now have these really strong role models who are already inspiring young girls to follow their dreams," Mr McLachlan said. "Australian football is now truly for everyone and we can't underestimate what that means for our game." Meet the history-makers For years they've been known as mums and masseuses, doctors, policewomen and teachers - now they are being recognised by strangers as footballers. Many of the players making up the first eight AFLW teams are so called "code hoppers", plucked from success in other sports like cricket, netball, soccer, basketball and even Ultimate Frisbee. Lou Wotton retired from local football in 2014 to become a triathlete, but returned when the league was announced. The 33-year-old physical education teacher said she loved the skill, athleticism and physicality of Aussie rules - including the tackling. "In the past we'd get questions like 'Is there tackling?', and 'Are the rules the same for women as men?'," she said. "But I think people have been pleasantly surprised to see the women have gone in just as hard." Bulldogs player and former World Cup indoor cricketer Nicole Callinan, 34, grew up playing football in the backyard, living room and hallway at home with her brothers. She laughs as she recalls being their "secret weapon". "They'd bring me along to games with their friends and say 'Oh, our little sister is on our team'," she said. "I'd end up beating them." The remedial massage therapist said the best part for her was the impact on the next generation of players. "It's now the norm - anyone born today will grow up seeing women playing AFL," she said. A novice's guide to AFL and its lingo

मेलबर्न में एलिसा डोहर्टी लिखती हैं कि महिलाएं 2017 में पहली बार पेशेवर रूप से ऑस्ट्रेलियाई नियम फुटबॉल खेल रही हैं, जो बिकने वाली भीड़ और आश्चर्यजनक टीवी रेटिंग को आकर्षित कर रही हैं। वेतन पर कुछ विवाद के बावजूद लीग को कई मोर्चों पर मनाया गया है।