What is white collar boxing?

Summary: The death of a man following a boxing match at a nightclub in Nottingham has shone a light on the world of so-called white collar boxing. But what is white collar boxing, and is it more dangerous than other forms?

By Caroline LowbridgeBBC News Many people associate this form of boxing with frustrated city boys, or perhaps the 1999 film Fight Club starring Brad Pitt and Edward Norton. But BBC Sport reporter Matt Slater, who has looked into the world of white collar boxing, says the use of the term has widened in recent years. "It started in Wall Street in the 90s when city boys there were training in quite famous amateur boxing gyms and basically decided let's have a fight as well," he said. "That then went to the City, in London, and has now pretty much gone to every financial centre around the world. It's very big in places like Singapore, Shanghai and Hong Kong. "What it's become though is a nice catch-all phrase for almost everything between professional boxing at the very top, which is run by the British Boxing Board of Control, and is highly regulated, and then amateur boxing at the bottom, which is run by the Amateur Boxing Association of England in our country." These could include charity fights at black tie events, or perhaps celebrity matches, like the one between Ricky Gervais and Grant Bovey. "There's a very broad spectrum in the middle that's unregulated and unlicensed, but still legal," said Mr Slater. "It's just a freer, more laissez-faire space that a lot of people now are choosing to fight in because they find it easier to put on fights, there's less red tape, they don't have to go along to meetings beforehand, they don't have to go along for regular health checks. There's just less red tape." He said there was quite a lot of reputable white collar boxing that resembles licensed fights. "There will be a doctor, there will be an ambulance outside, there will be a referee, there will be judges, they will be wearing head guards," he said. However, some fights can resemble more of a "cowboy ring". It's these kinds of fights that boxing coach Marcellus Baz is particularly concerned about. Mr Baz, founder of the Nottingham School of Boxing, said they can be very dangerous because the fighters often have little experience. "I've know people who've boxed for five or six weeks, and got their friends doing it for five or six weeks, and they just get in the ring," he said. "If you've been training for five or six weeks you will not physically be in a position to box two three-minute rounds. "It's a very demanding sport and when your body starts getting tired your hands start dropping, and you are more susceptible to taking more shots. "If your technique isn't right up there to be able to block shots you are going in there without a defence. "So you are potentially going in there without being able to protect yourself." Mr Baz has heard about these kinds of fights for 20 or 30 years, but believes they are becoming more popular. He believes they need to be more tightly controlled, particularly following the death of Lance Ferguson-Prayogg. "We need to have it under some sort of regulation or governing body, or incidents like this will continue to happen," he said. "It's just people who want to take an easier path to go in the ring and don't have too much regulations about fights and technique, and just want to get in there and have a go. "It's been going on for ages but it has been getting worse. It's shocking that it does happen." Aaron Needham, a 29-year-old council worker from Nottingham, fought his first white collar match in April, in front of 1,200 people in his home city. "It was people who had been training for eight weeks so the competence level, the skill level, was quite low, but that was against other people who couldn't fight as well as somebody who was semi-professional," he said. He said he was given plenty of warning about the dangers before stepping into the ring. "As soon as you look like you are in danger they would stop the fight, which I've seen happen before," he said. He has since fought in Derby, and has another match planned for the end of August. Mr Needham said the death of Lance Ferguson-Prayogg was "a tragedy" but it would not deter him. "The guy on Saturday was a semi-professional, which basically means if you've failed a medical you can fight on an unlicensed show," he said. "I don't know if there was any underlying medical reasons for what happened. I just heard he collapsed in the ring. "It doesn't happen that often in boxing any more, these sort of deaths." Jon Leonard, company director of Ultra White Collar Boxing, said he has put on fights for five years without any serious medical problems. He was not connected with the match in Nottingham on Saturday, and said his events stay true to the white collar boxing "legend" of two beginners fighting each other safely - rather than being just an excuse for an unregulated match. "The tradition is that some guys in America, a solicitor and a doctor, went down to a boxing gym in New York, asked to be trained up and have a boxing match," he said. "Then it was bankers versus bankers, and it has gradually progressed from then on." Boxers are given professional training for eight weeks, during which they are assessed, then matched with appropriate fighters from the group, to ensure a fair fight. They receive medicals before and after fighting, and there are doctors, paramedics and ambulances like in professional boxing. He said the events raise thousands of pounds for charity. "For a lot of people it's like a dream. Everyone watches boxing on TV. We want people to have an enjoyable experience," he said. "It's like anything in the world - you have good ones and you have bad ones."

नॉटिंघम के एक नाइट क्लब में बॉक्सिंग मैच के बाद एक व्यक्ति की मौत ने तथाकथित व्हाइट कॉलर बॉक्सिंग की दुनिया पर प्रकाश डाला है। लेकिन व्हाइट कॉलर बॉक्सिंग क्या है, और क्या यह अन्य रूपों की तुलना में अधिक खतरनाक है?


Arboretum gets £2.85m grant for centre of remembrance

Summary: Plans for a centre for remembrance at the National Memorial Arboretum have been boosted by a £2.85m grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund.

The £12m scheme includes building a pavilion for special events and a remembrance learning centre. The Staffordshire arboretum, which features more than 230 memorials, still needs to raise a further £4m in order to complete the work by 2014. Plans for the centre were approved by Lichfield District Council in August. Maj Gen Patrick Cordingley, chairman of the multimillion-pound appeal, said: "Our country will at last have a centre for remembrance which is worthy of the sacrifice made by so many, whether in the military or civil services. "The additional space will help us educate many more children and provide extensive facilities for family and group visits."

राष्ट्रीय स्मारक अर्बोरेटम में स्मरण केंद्र के लिए योजनाओं को हेरिटेज लॉटरी फंड से £ 2.85m अनुदान द्वारा बढ़ावा दिया गया है।


Jobs at risk at pharmaceutical firm

Summary: A pharmaceutical company is to consult on plans to close its site in West Sussex, putting 371 jobs at risk.

The research and development posts, and about 170 contractors, could go if plans go ahead to close Novartis's Horsham site next year. The firm said the consultation was a result of a "global review" of its research operations. The jobs of 72 marketing and sales support staff in Frimley, Surrey, are also at risk. The firm said it was proposing to withdraw marketing and sales support for its diabetes and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease products in the UK.

एक दवा कंपनी वेस्ट ससेक्स में अपनी साइट को बंद करने की योजना पर परामर्श करने वाली है, जिससे 371 नौकरियां खतरे में पड़ेंगी।


My friendship with Winnie Madikizela-Mandela

Summary: Canadian diplomat Gary Bedell first met Winnie Madikizela-Mandela when she accompanied Nelson Mandela on his first visit to Canada and the United States, shortly after his release from Victor Verster prison. Bedell developed a deep friendship with Madikizela-Mandela - a woman he describes as "bigger than life" - that spanned over two decades. He shared his story with the BBC.

It was the summer of 1990, and Gary Bedell found himself standing on a New York City sidewalk arguing with Winnie Mandela. The wife of Nelson Mandela was adamant. She had made her own indelible mark as an anti-apartheid campaigner, a central member of the struggle, during her husband's long imprisonment. And so she would indeed be attending an important meeting with business leaders at the World Trade Centre with the rest of his delegation. She was definitely not going to appear instead on The Phil Donahue Show, as planned. "Send somebody else to go talk to the housewives of America," Mr Bedell recalls Mrs Madikizela-Mandela telling him. "Why does it have to be me?" Mr Bedell was sympathetic, but Mr Mandela had urged him: convince her. "She was not going. Stubborn as she was," the former diplomat recalls. "In the end I just said: 'You're going to be the one to lose because it's going to be a blank screen and it's going to say: Winnie Mandela didn't show up.'" Mrs Madikizela-Mandela relented, and her appearance on the talk show - broadcast at the time to almost 200 cities across the US - was a triumph. "Leading crowds in her 'Amandla!' (Power!) chant and hailed from midtown television studios to Brooklyn street corners as an inspiration and a role model for African American women, the anti-apartheid leader delivered potent messages with unflappable dignity," wrote the Washington Post at the time. The Canadian diplomat - tasked with organising Nelson Mandela's first visit to Canada when he was months out of prison - had met the Mandelas just weeks before. Mr Mandela - still coming to terms with the new realities of his freedom - was grateful for Mr Bedell's advice on protocol, and they developed a rapport. He also appreciated Mr Bedell's ability to appease Mrs Madikizela-Mandela's "fierce personality", once joking that the diplomat handled her better than he did. So Mr Mandela asked Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney if Mr Bedell could continue to accompany the couple, joining them on their visit to the United States. Mr Bedell and Mrs Madikizela-Mandela soon formed their own bond over mutual attempts to ensure Mr Mandela, then 72, was given enough time to rest during their whirlwind three-week US tour, which included a ticker tape parade along lower Broadway and celebrities and politicians jockeying for his time. Mrs Madikizela-Mandela too was good, he remembers, showing political instinct and a natural charisma, charming journalists who tried to press her on scandals back home. But amidst the pomp of the tour, Mr Bedell noticed the couple had a naïveté about them. At a glittering celebrity fundraiser in New York, hosted by Robert de Niro, attended by the likes of Eddie Murphy, Robin Williams, and Spike Lee, Mr Bedell says: "Winnie turned to me and whispered: 'Who are all these people?'" He also noticed early strains between the newly reunited pair. Mrs Madikizela-Mandela was a "very vivacious and passionate woman" and the man she had married had aged during his 27 years in prison. "You almost got the sense he was more of a father figure to her than a husband at that stage," he says. Those tensions were more obvious when, a few months later, Mr Bedell flew to South Africa at Mr Mandela's request to develop a training programme for protocol staff and to reform their security teams. The challenges Mr Mandela faced as he led the African National Congress in its negotiations for an end to apartheid and worked towards forming a new, multi-racial democracy were obvious. Mr Bedell says nobody carried more pressure than Mr Mandela in the years between 1990 and 1992. "In private he often exploded," he says. "The language was incredible, like a truck driver." Mrs Madikizela-Mandela had her own personal trials. She had been frequently detained during her husband's incarceration - jailed and placed in solitary confinement for her activities, banished to a rural area by apartheid authorities, her house burned down. She raised the couple's daughters alone. Her resistance in those years led to her being dubbed the "Mother of the Nation". In her family's recent words, she became "one of the greatest icons of the struggle against apartheid". She told the BBC in 1986 the experienced changed her. "All I know is I am terribly brutalised inside. I know my soul is scarred," she said. Now, she was feeling pushed aside as her husband campaigned for a moderate path towards his goal of national reconciliation. "She was terribly upset at the fact everyone wanted to treat her as Mrs Mandela - as opposed to the very extraordinary role she had played when he was in prison," Mr Bedell says. One of Mrs Madikizela-Mandela's reactions was "to become even more outrageous and more revolutionary in her rhetoric, which of course didn't help her public reputation, or even Nelson's". No doubt as a result of her traumatic experiences, she was also drinking and taking painkillers. Mr Bedell hatched a plan to secretly bring Mrs Madikizela-Mandela to Canada to get a handle on her drinking, under the guise of a vacation in the Muskokas, in central Ontario's cottage country. Mrs Madikizela-Mandela backed out days before she was supposed to board the plane. "Mandela was heartbroken, he was deeply disappointed she hadn't gone," says Mr Bedell. Not long after, the couple separated, the marriage finally broken by Mrs Madikizela-Mandela's affair with a young lawyer. World opinion had also turned against her. She had been convicted of kidnapping 14-year-old Stompie Sepei, and many believed she was guilty of far worse crimes. There was the adultery against her venerable husband and incendiary comments, including condoning brutal violence against those seen as traitors. She faced corruption allegations, and was later convicted of fraud. Mrs Madikizela-Mandela, now divorced and having taken her maiden name - Madikizela - while also keeping his, was accused living off her former husband's name. "The public was set against her in terrible ways, and she invited much of it of course," Mr Bedell says. But he had tremendous sympathy for his friend, and stood by her side. "When the public opinion decides it wants to hate a woman, it's always much, much worse than when they decide to hate a man," he says. In his eyes, she was as flawed as any human, making the wrong decisions but paying too steep a price for them. Someone who had endured too much pain and too many indignities. He adored Mrs Madikizela-Mandela - for her strength and intelligence and the affection she showed to those around her in private. In later years, he watched her being a doting grandmother, and handling her financial struggles with "great dignity". He says Mrs Madikizela-Mandela often spoke with nostalgia about her abandoned dream of becoming a social worker. "She deeply regretted that the circumstances of her marriage and politics took her away from what she always loved more and what she wanted to be," he says. "She never got to just be Winnie, the social worker." Now, he says she is suddenly gone and South Africa "has to reconcile what it will be without her". He thinks history will be kinder to her memory than it was during her lifetime. "Despite all that hatred that the world threw at her, despite everything the South African police and the government did to try to destroy her, despite all of her bad decisions, the divorce from Nelson, her bad business deals, Winnie's the one who lasted. Winnie is the one who made it to the end," he says.

कनाडाई राजनयिक गैरी बेडेल पहली बार विनी मदिकिज़ेला-मंडेला से तब मिले जब वे विक्टर वर्स्टर जेल से रिहा होने के तुरंत बाद कनाडा और संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका की उनकी पहली यात्रा पर नेल्सन मंडेला के साथ थीं। बेडेल ने मदिकिज़ेला-मंडेला के साथ गहरी दोस्ती विकसित की-एक महिला जिसे वह "जीवन से बड़ी" बताती है-जो दो दशकों से अधिक समय तक फैली हुई थी। उन्होंने अपनी कहानी बीबीसी के साथ साझा की।


Trigger warnings: What do they do?

Summary: A bit like a spoiler alert, the phrase "trigger warning" is now often seen online but it has a more serious motive than stopping you from accidentally ruining the enjoyment of a TV show you've not seen yet.

Ouchlets A series on small but significant insights into disability What is a trigger warning? Seen on the web, in tweets and on blogs, it usually takes the form of a sentence or a few words to caution readers about the content which will follow. The author adds a warning in recognition of strong writing or images which could unsettle those with mental health difficulties. They exist so readers can choose whether or not to read any further. It usually starts with "trigger warning" in bold. It has to be carefully written so it isn't a trigger itself. TRIGGER WARNING - rather ironically, this article could be a trigger. If you feel your mental health could be affected by reading stories about how others can be affected, we advise you read no further. So, what exactly is a trigger? In the area of mental health, a trigger is something which causes instant distress in a vulnerable person. If you know what can trigger a bad reaction, you can try to avoid those triggers in the same way that someone with an allergy might take steps to avoid dogs. What kind of things can act as a trigger? Different things trigger trauma in different people. There is no set list. The website for Young Minds youth mental health charity uses trigger warnings. A spokesman for the charity, Chris Leaman, says: "If they are feeling particularly vulnerable, illustrative bits of the site like personal accounts, might trigger young people into an action or remind them of a time when they were struggling." A woman who wants to remain anonymous tells us that a recent news story about the search for a man who stopped someone from jumping off a bridge in London, was a trigger for her. She says: "What he was doing, raising awareness of suicide, was really great and so positive. But every time I crossed that bridge I thought of jumping off - it triggered suicidal thoughts for me." Does everyone appreciate the warnings? Writing in the New Statesman, Rhiannon Lucy Cosslett says she doesn't like trigger warnings because they smack of "victimhood". She says she has post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and feels that people she doesn't know are trying to wrap her in cotton wool. At the other end of the scale, the mental health charity Samaritans has produced guidelines for journalists which advise against publishing details of how people kill themselves. It also calls for dramatic phrasing to be avoided. Samaritans says reading about the subject can trigger copycat behaviour. Where did trigger warnings start? Disabled occupational therapist Claire Jones works in the area of mental health. She says that trigger warnings first appeared on feminist websites to flag up accounts of abuse. The term was adopted by various other groups, particularly the wider mental health community. This happened in the early days of the internet, when the warnings were especially common in online forums. Viewers of Hollywood films portraying the lives of former soldiers will be used to scenes where characters experience flashbacks brought on by a loud noise, perhaps. Jones says: "A car backfiring can trigger a memory of conflict. It is a very visceral experience, almost like reliving the trauma." Are trigger warnings ever considered unhelpful? The thing about the internet is, if you use the word "trigger" it makes troubling content more findable because you can just type it into a search engine. Before the warning existed, "triggering" content, as it's referred to, was harder to find. On some websites, users share pictures of their self-harm scars and write about their suicidal thoughts. They place trigger warnings in front so people can avoid this strong material. Service user and mental health policy expert Liz Main says that "if someone is feeling particularly grim, they might search out triggers because they want a nudge". In other words, they might look for material which will inspire them to move from thinking about harming themselves, to actually doing it - which is obviously not positive. Jones says online forums can be helpful and believes people with mental health difficulties are more likely to seek support if they know there are warnings which will prevent them from seeing traumatic material on their computer screen. She says: "That's why I think that trigger warnings are broadly a good thing." Follow @BBCOuch on Twitter and on Facebook, and listen to our monthly talk show

एक स्पॉइलर अलर्ट की तरह, वाक्यांश "ट्रिगर वार्निंग" अब अक्सर ऑनलाइन देखा जाता है लेकिन इसका उद्देश्य आपको गलती से एक टीवी शो के आनंद को बर्बाद करने से रोकने से अधिक गंभीर है जिसे आपने अभी तक नहीं देखा है।


Majestic Wine downbeat on festive sale rise

Summary: Majestic Wine has reported a rise in sales over the Christmas trading season, despite describing the period as "challenging".

For the seven weeks from 13 November to 31 December, the retailer saw like-for-like sales - which pulls out the impact of any new store openings - rise 1.1% from a year earlier. Its total sales for the same period were up by 5.1%. Majestic said customers had left their shopping until the "very last moment". The wine store chain has 175 stores across England, Wales and Scotland. Its customers have to buy a minimum of six bottles of wine.

मैजेस्टिक वाइन ने इस अवधि को "चुनौतीपूर्ण" बताते हुए भी क्रिसमस के कारोबारी मौसम में बिक्री में वृद्धि दर्ज की है।


Man charged with murder following incident at Govan flat

Summary: A man has appeared in court charged with murder following a death in a Glasgow flat.

Police were called to an address in Summertown Path, Govan, at 00:30 on Monday after reports of an incident. A 33-year-old man was found injured in the property. He was taken by ambulance to the Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, but died a short time later. Reece Sweeney, 21, made no plea when he appeared at Glasgow Sheriff Court charged with murder. He was remanded in custody.

ग्लासगो के एक फ्लैट में एक व्यक्ति की मौत के बाद हत्या के आरोप में एक व्यक्ति अदालत में पेश हुआ है।


George Osborne chooses his words carefully

Summary: There was some politics in George Osborne's speech on Monday - as you would expect, at a party conference. But no policy fireworks. And he gave only the broadest sense of the tough decisions he would be taking in the months ahead. That's probably not surprising either.

Stephanie FlandersFormer economics editor The difficult reality for Mr Osborne is that the coalition has been struggling to deliver on the two goals that were right at the centre of its economic strategy: growth and deficit reduction. Put simply: the lack of one has made the second a lot more difficult. As I have previously described in detail, these problems are going to come to a head in the next few weeks, because the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) is likely to have some bad news for him. If the independent forecasters are right, the OBR is almost certain to tell him that he will not be able to meet his debt target - that is, to have the stock of debt falling as a share of GDP in 2015 - without additional tax rises or spending cuts, before the election. If the FT's economics editor, Chris Giles, is right, the OBR is also likely to tell him (again) that the structural hole in the public finances is larger than previously thought, meaning even more austerity is required, well into the next parliament. Last year, Mr Osborne decided to put off additional measures to fix the deficit until after the Budget. The betting in Westminster is that he will do the same again in December's Autumn Statement. But this time, that is likely to have the extra consequence of forcing him to abandon, or suspend, his debt rule for 2015. Were there any clues to that in Monday's speech? The simple answer is no. In fact, he did not mention either of his two key fiscal targets in his speech. To be fair, he didn't mention them in last year's party conference speech either. It's not that kind of moment. No 'growth' But what about the coalition's core objectives: economic growth and the "deficit reduction plan"? They have each played a prominent part in previous speeches by Chancellor Osborne. You might be surprised to hear that he didn't directly mention either of these terms on Monday. As many of the Twitterati have noted, he didn't use the word "growth" at all. Some will say he didn't mention them because he cannot be sure of achieving either growth or deficit reduction in 2012. The economy will probably be smaller at the end of the year than it was at the start, while the government's deficit so far in 2012-13 has been running about 20% higher. Or, perhaps, we're all reading too much into his choice of words. Either way, the next few weeks are unlikely to be a fun time to be chancellor.

सोमवार को जॉर्ज ओसबोर्न के भाषण में कुछ राजनीति थी-जैसा कि आप उम्मीद कर सकते हैं, एक पार्टी सम्मेलन में। लेकिन कोई नीतिगत आतिशबाजी नहीं। और उन्होंने केवल आने वाले महीनों में लिए जाने वाले कठिन निर्णयों की व्यापक समझ दी। यह शायद आश्चर्य की बात भी नहीं है।


My work as a prostitute led me to oppose decriminalisation

Summary: For most of her life in prostitution in New Zealand, Sabrinna Valisce campaigned for decriminalisation of the sex trade. But when it actually happened she changed her mind and now argues that men who use prostitutes should be prosecuted. Julie Bindel tells her story.

When Sabrinna Valisce was 12 years old her father killed himself. It changed her life completely. Within two years, her mother had remarried and the family had moved from Australia to Wellington, New Zealand, where her life was miserable. "I was very unhappy," says Valisce. "My stepfather was violent, and there was no-one to talk to." She dreamed of becoming a professional dancer and set up a lunchtime ballet class at her school, which proved so popular that a well-known dance group, Limbs, came to run lessons. But within months she found herself on the streets, selling sex to survive. Walking through the park on her way home from school, a man offered her $100 for sex. "I was in school uniform so there was no mistaking my age," she says. Valisce used the money to run away to Auckland, where she checked into the YMCA. "I tried ringing someone to ask for help in the phone booth which was outside the hostel, but it was engaged, so I waited," she says. "The police stopped and asked what I was doing. I said, 'Waiting to use the phone'." The officers pointed out that no-one was using the phone, so there was no need to wait. They thought they were being "terribly clever" Valisce says - but didn't seem to understand when she explained that it was the telephone she was calling that was engaged. "They searched me for condoms thinking I was a prostitute because the YMCA was behind Karangahape Road, the infamous prostitution area. "Ironically, that was what gave me the idea to go get some money. The police scared me but I knew I was going to be on the streets if I didn't get cash, and the act of leaning against a wall was all it took to be searched and threatened anyway, so I figured it made no difference if I was or wasn't." Valisce walked over to Karangahape Road and asked one of the women working there for advice. She pointed out two alleyways where Valisce could work. "She also gave me a condom, told me basic charges and advised me to make them fight for services I was prepared to do, to avoid fighting against services I wasn't prepared to do. She was very nice. Samoan, too young to be there, and clearly been there for too long already." In 1989, after two years working on the streets, Valisce visited the New Zealand Prostitutes Collective (NZPC) in Christchurch. "I was looking for some support, perhaps to exit prostitution, but all I was offered was condoms," she says. She was also invited to the collective's regular wine and cheese social on Friday nights. "They started talking about how stigma against 'sex workers' was the worst thing about it, and that prostitution is just a job like any other," Valisce remembers. It somehow made what she was doing seem more palatable. She became the collective's massage parlour co-ordinator and an enthusiastic supporter of its campaign for the full decriminalisation of all aspects of the sex trade, including pimps. "It felt like there was a revolution coming. I was so excited about how decriminalisation would make things better for the women," she says. Decriminalisation arrived in 2003, and Valisce attended the celebration party held by the prostitutes' collective. But she soon became disillusioned. The Prostitution Reform Act allowed brothels to operate as legitimate businesses, a model often hailed as the safest option for women in the sex trade. In the UK, the Home Affairs Select Committee has been considering a number of different approaches towards the sex trade, including full decriminalisation. But Valisce says that in New Zealand it was a disaster, and only benefited the pimps and punters. "I thought it would give more power and rights to the women," she says. "But I soon realised the opposite was true." One problem was that it allowed brothel owners to offer punters an "all-inclusive" deal, whereby they would pay a set amount to do anything they wanted with a woman. "One thing we were promised would not happen was the 'all-inclusive'," says Valisce. "Because that would mean the women wouldn't be able to set the price or determine which sexual services they offered or refused - which was the mainstay of decriminalisation and its supposed benefits." Aged 40, Valisce approached a brothel in Wellington for a job, and was shocked by what she saw. "During my first shift, I saw a girl come back from an escort job who was having a panic attack, shaking and crying, and unable to speak. The receptionist was yelling at her, telling her to get back to work. I grabbed my belongings and left," she says. Shortly afterwards, she told the prostitutes' collective in Wellington what she had witnessed. "What are we doing about this?" she asked. "Are we working on any services to help get out?" She was "absolutely ignored", she says, and finally left the prostitutes' collective. Until then, the organisation had been her only source of support, a place to go where no-one judged her for working in the sex trade. It was while volunteering there, though, that she had begun her journey towards becoming an "abolitionist". "One of my jobs at NZPC was to find all of the media clippings. There was one thing I read: it was somebody talking about being in tears and not knowing why, and it wasn't until they were out [of the sex trade] that they understood what those feelings were. "I had been through that for years [thinking], 'I don't know what's going on, why am I feeling like this?' and realised when I read that: 'Oh God, that's me.'" For Valisce, there was no turning back. She left prostitution in early 2011 and moved to the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia, seeking a new direction in life, but was confused and depressed. When her neighbour tried to recruit her into webcam prostitution, she politely declined. "I felt like I had 'whore' stamped on my forehead. How did she know to ask me? I now know being female was the only reason", says Valisce. Afterwards the neighbour hurled insults at Valisce whenever she saw her. Valisce began to meet women online, feminists who were against decriminalisation and described themselves as abolitionists - the abolitionist model, also currently being considered by the UK's Home Affairs Select Committee, criminalises the pimps and punters while decriminalising the prostituted person. Valisce set up a group called Australian Radical Feminists and was soon invited to a conference. Held at the University of Melbourne last year, it was the first abolitionist event ever to be held in Australia, where many states have legalised the brothel trade. Melbourne itself has had legal brothels since the mid-1980s, and although there is a lot of vocal support for the system, there is also a growing movement against it. She describes this period, when she became a feminist activist against the sex trade and began to feel free of her past, as "the start of my new life". "I exited first emotionally, then physically and lastly intellectually," she says. After the conference Valisce went to a doctor and was diagnosed with PTSD. "It was as a result of my time in prostitution - it had affected me badly, but I was good at covering up the effects," she says. "It takes a long while to feel whole again." For Valisce, the best therapy is working with women who understand what it's like to go through the sex trade, and those who also campaign to expose the harm prostitution brings. She is also determined to ensure that the women who are usually silenced by their abusers have a voice. "It's not my goal to trap people in the industry or tell anyone to go get out," she says. "But I do want to make a difference, and that means speaking out as much as I can, in order to help other women." Julie Bindel is the author of The pimping of prostitution: Abolishing the Sex Work Myth Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat and Twitter.

न्यूजीलैंड में वेश्यावृत्ति में अपने अधिकांश जीवन के लिए, सबरीना वैलिसे ने यौन व्यापार के गैर-अपराधीकरण के लिए अभियान चलाया। लेकिन जब यह वास्तव में हुआ तो उसने अपना मन बदल लिया और अब तर्क दिया कि जो पुरुष वेश्याओं का उपयोग करते हैं उन पर मुकदमा चलाया जाना चाहिए। जूली बिंडल अपनी कहानी बताती है।


Admiral to hire 280 people in Newport, Cardiff and Swansea

Summary: An insurance company is recruiting 280 people across south Wales.

Admiral began a recruitment drive earlier this year and on Monday it announced that an extra 130 jobs in Newport, 100 in Swansea and 50 in Cardiff would be available. The roles are based in sales, claims, renewals and law. Admiral is the only Wales-based company listed in the FTSE 100.

एक बीमा कंपनी पूरे साउथ वेल्स में 280 लोगों की भर्ती कर रही है।


Print error found on Dumfries and Galloway postal vote papers

Summary: A printing error has been found on postal voting papers for the Dumfries and Galloway constituency.

The problem occurred during the printing of the ballot papers where an ink run has affected a small number of papers. Dumfries and Galloway Council said that to date it was only aware of six affected papers and replacement documents had been reissued. Any voter with concerns should contact the local authority's elections team. Related Internet Links Dumfries and Galloway Council

डमफ्रीज और गैलोवे निर्वाचन क्षेत्र के लिए डाक मतदान पत्रों पर मुद्रण त्रुटि पाई गई है।


Cambodia's political Facebook war heads to court

Summary: Suggestions that underhand tactics have been used to artificially boost the Facebook popularity of Cambodia's leader has resulted in a lawsuit against an opposition leader and denials that "likes" have been bought from foreign "click farms".

By BBC TrendingWhat's popular and why Prime Minister Hun Sen has ruled Cambodia for more than 30 years, but recently he's become very interested in technology and social networking. In September he admitted that a page with his name on it was actually his official Facebook home, and since then the number of likes the page has picked up has climbed steadily. Last month he eclipsed the like count racked up by opposition leader Sam Rainsy. But with the burst of social media activity have come criticism and questions. Rainsy, who was already living in self-imposed exile to avoid another lawsuit, accused government ministers of pressuring members of the ruling Cambodian People's Party (CPP) to like the prime minister on Facebook, and of boosting the PM's numbers with fake accounts from overseas. This prompted a furious response from Som Soeun, a minister who oversees Hun Sen's online presence and who has now launched a lawsuit against Rainsy seeking $5,000 compensation for allegedly "twisting the truth". Soeun said that it was untrue that he had advocated using fake accounts overseas to boost the PM's Facebook likes. "It is not like that at all," he told the English-language Cambodia Daily. "I am a party member; I have to protect my leader and expose His Excellency Sam Rainsy's cheap act, which is opposite to the truth." Follow BBC Trending on Facebook Join the conversation on this and other stories here. Hun Sen has 3.2 million likes compared with Rainsy's 2.2 million. But both numbers are astonishing for a small developing country. To put this into perspective, British Prime Minister David Cameron has about one million likes on his official Facebook page. Not only does the UK have a population about four times as large as Cambodia's, internet penetration is more than 90% - compared with less than 10% for the southeast Asian country. In a message on his page to mark reaching the milestone of reaching three million likes on his page, Hun Sen said: "Facebook has brought me closer with people and allowed me to listen and receive more requests directly from them." However, last week the Phnom Penh Post newspaper published research which said that of the 779,000 Facebook accounts who liked the PM's page in the previous month only 157,331 were based inside Cambodia - indicating that 80% of the likes were from abroad. BBC Trending's own analysis - using online freeware - indicates that around 57% of Hun Sen's total likes come from inside Cambodia - compared to 83% for Rainsy, who ironically has based himself outside the country. The largest numbers of overseas likes for Sen come from India, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam. Facebook appears to be a key part of Hun Sen's political strategy. He's used the network to try to connect to voters, and has held mandatory sessions for school leaders who have been encouraged to post in support of the CPP. At the same time he's issued warnings against his critics online. Trending approached both Sen and Rainsy for comment, but has yet to hear back from either. But Sok Eysan, a spokesman for the ruling Cambodian People's Party has reportedly denied that the government was using so-called "click farms" outside the country to buy likes for the PM's page to artificially boost his popularity. "Some alleged that the Cambodian government even hired people to like. I just want to say that there's no use in having other people overseas like the page because there is not much benefit borne out of that, " he said. The Cambodian prime minister isn't the first politician to face allegations of unscrupulous collection of Facebook likes. In July 2015, Donald Trump faced similar claims. At the time an analysis by Vocativ indicated that 42% of Trump's likes came from accounts in the United States. Currently the Republican frontrunner has 6.4 million likes, around three-quarters of which come from US accounts. Blog by Mike Wendling Next story: Female scientist fights harassment with Wikipedia Targeted harassment of women online is common, and one woman has decided to create a Wikipedia page for a woman scientist every time it happens to her.READ MORE You can follow BBC Trending on Twitter @BBCtrending, and find us on Facebook. All our stories are at bbc.com/trending.

सुझाव है कि कंबोडिया के नेता की फेसबुक लोकप्रियता को कृत्रिम रूप से बढ़ावा देने के लिए गुप्त रणनीति का उपयोग किया गया है, जिसके परिणामस्वरूप एक विपक्षी नेता के खिलाफ मुकदमा दायर किया गया है और इनकार किया गया है कि "पसंद" विदेशी "क्लिक फार्म" से खरीदे गए हैं।


Coronavirus in India: Did men do more housework during lockdown?

Summary: Did Indian men do more housework during the Covid-19 lockdown? Preliminary data suggests they did, but is it enough to say that Indian homes are becoming more gender equal? The BBC's Geeta Pandey in Delhi reports.

Dr Rahul Nagar, a Delhi-based dermatologist, says there's always been "a very clear division of labour" in his home. His wife, also a doctor, did the cooking and was the primary carer for their child. Like most middle-class Indians, they employed a part-time help who did the cleaning and dishes, while Dr Nagar did little bits and pieces. But then came the pandemic - and as Covid-19 cases began to rise, India went into a strict lockdown and their domestic helper was unable to come to work. "Pre-lockdown, for every five hours of work my wife did, I did one hour. But this pandemic has been a bolt from the blue," says Dr Nagar. "During the first two months of the lockdown, we divided the chores amongst us. My wife being a government doctor couldn't stay at home and had to work throughout. So, I stayed at home and shared the chores. "I did the babysitting, attending his online classes, bathing him and feeding him. Throughout the lockdown, I was mopping the floor. I tried my hand at cooking and baking." Now with the lockdown relaxed, Dr Nagar says, their help is back and he has started going to his clinic a few days a week, but he is still attending his son's two-hour-long daily online classes. "Now my wife and I put in equal number of hours on chores and childcare. We are even-stevens," he laughs. Dr Nagar is not alone - data shows that Indian men did more chores in April, the first month of the lockdown, than they had earlier. Ashwini Deshpande, professor of economics at Ashoka University, compared the data put out by the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), an independent think tank, for the months of December 2019 and April 2020. Her estimate shows that the lockdown saw both men and women spend more hours on chores. Of course, women were still doing most of the work, but the increase in the time spent on housework was more for men than for women. "This meant that the gender gap in average hours spent on domestic work decreased in the first month of the lockdown, nationally as well as across most states," Prof Deshpande wrote in a paper analysing the CMIE data. On average, she told the BBC, men devoted an extra hour to housework - 2.5 hours in April compared to 1.5 hours in December. For women, it was 4.6 hours in April compared to 4 hours in December. Some of the best-performing states were Delhi, Himachal Pradesh and Tamil Nadu; the worst included Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. In India, like in many other parts of the world, the burden of unpaid care work normally falls on women. According to an International Labour Organization report, in 2018 women in urban India spent 312 minutes a day on unpaid care work. Men did 29 minutes. In villages, it was 291 minutes for women as against 32 minutes for men. But this gender disparity was brought into sharper focus as couples, and families, were confined to their homes during the strict countrywide lockdown to fight the Covid-19 pandemic. With few Indian homes equipped with dishwashers, vacuum cleaners or washing machines, all the work has to be done manually and chores are labour-intensive. So, most families hire domestic help, such as part-time cooks, cleaners and nannies, who play a key role in the smooth running of middle-class and affluent homes. But as they were unable to come to work during the lockdown, many women complained about how their workload had risen. Last month, I wrote an article about disquiet within Indian homes over who does how much of the housework after one woman petitioned Prime Minister Narendra Modi to tell Indian men to do more. Prof Deshpande says the increase in men spending more hours on housework during the lockdown is primarily driven by the recently unemployed - 104 million men lost their jobs in April. But, she says, in urban households, especially the middle classes, men also had to pitch in due to the absence of the domestic helpers. The CMIE data is based on a survey of the same set of 43,600 individuals, who were interviewed in December 2019 and again in April. About 63% of those interviewed were from urban areas while 36.8% were in rural areas; 47% of the respondents were female while 53% were male; they included farmers, daily wage workers and the salaried middle class. Prof Deshpande says the survey findings are "significant" because it was the same set of men and women who were interviewed pre- and post-lockdown and "this allows us to compare the answers". But, she cautions that these findings are preliminary and the data for the subsequent months will have to be studied before it can be said whether the changes are temporary or permanent. "We won't know until September when the next set of CMIE data will be available. We can only hope this trend persists." There is anecdotal evidence, though, that winds of change that started blowing within our homes in April have continued well into the subsequent months. Last month, when I was writing about families quibbling over housework, I asked friends and colleagues on social media for their stories about division of labour in their homes. One woman, Sara Hasan, wrote that she and her partner did chores that they were naturally better at and that they complemented each other's work. "It's been quite comforting. Had it been otherwise I wouldn't have survived the lockdown." Another woman, Pallavi Sareen, wrote: "As a child, it was always me who had to do house chores, work in the kitchen and help out my mom. My brother wouldn't even serve himself lunch. But the lockdown turned him into a chef and now he spends most of his time in the kitchen." Lockdown stories similar to those of Pallavi, Sara and Dr Nagar have given rise to hope that our homes may finally be on the way to becoming more gender neutral. There is also historical evidence that cataclysmic events can sometimes produce lasting change in society. Citing US Congressman Clarence D Long's 1958 book, Prof Deshpande writes in her paper that "the years after World War II resulted in a rise in female labour force participation in OECD countries. This was also a time when the division of domestic chores shifted towards greater equality". So could the pandemic and the lockdown be the great leveller for Indian gender relations and bring about long-term change in the way we live? "We would need to examine the evidence over a longer time period, as such changes unfold slowly over several years; a month-long lockdown is certainly no proof of the magnitude and persistence of shifts," Prof Deshpande says. Graphics by Shadab Nazmi

दिल्ली में बीबीसी की गीता पांडे ने बताया कि क्या कोविड-19 लॉकडाउन के दौरान भारतीय पुरुषों ने अधिक घरेलू काम किए थे? प्रारंभिक आंकड़ों से पता चलता है कि उन्होंने किया था, लेकिन क्या यह कहने के लिए पर्याप्त है कि भारतीय घर अधिक लैंगिक रूप से समान हो रहे हैं?


Stranraer harbour safety concerns tackled

Summary: A barrier system is to be used to restrict public access to a harbour after experts called for a "fundamental review" of safety in the area.

Concerns were raised in Stranraer about the interaction between pedestrians, traffic and commercial activities. A series of options was presented to Dumfries and Galloway Council in order to address the issue. However, it was told that only the barrier option would meet legal requirements over the situation. A Health and Safety Executive visit to the area in February found vehicles parked "randomly" on the quayside and taxis "three abreast" outside any marked parking areas. Other concerns included cars using a promenade walkway to make deliveries and vehicles bumping up and down the kerbside next to the pier. The local authority will now introduce temporary measures to restrict access at Stranraer harbour while plans are developed for the installation of a permanent barrier system.

विशेषज्ञों द्वारा क्षेत्र में सुरक्षा की "मौलिक समीक्षा" के आह्वान के बाद बंदरगाह तक सार्वजनिक पहुंच को प्रतिबंधित करने के लिए एक बाधा प्रणाली का उपयोग किया जाना है।


A-levels U-turn: Universities facing 'crazy demand' from students

Summary: After the government made a last-minute U-turn over how A-levels were graded, thousands of students who initially thought they had missed out on their first choice of university may now have the grades to trade up. But can universities still help them or is it too late?

By Katie WrightBBC News "The demand from students has gone crazy," says Emma Reay, director of admissions at Newcastle University. Following the government's announcement on Monday to revert to teacher-assessed grades, she says the university has been "inundated" with queries from students, with more than 700 phone calls in the first two hours on Tuesday morning. "It's just been a logistical nightmare the last couple of days," she says. "We want students to know what's happening, we want to be able to support them. "If that includes them coming to Newcastle University, or includes them now no longer wanting to come here, we have to make that as easy as possible for them and that's what we're trying to do." 'Waiting game' She says the process has been made more difficult because universities themselves have yet to be granted access to upgraded results, so the university has put its admissions process on hold until they receive them. "It's a waiting game until we hear from Ucas - we're just making sure the systems are ready to go." Admissions service Ucas says it hopes to pass the grades on to universities on Friday. The university has received more requests than normal from UK students wanting to defer to next year, she says, but they haven't seen many students withdrawing their applications so far. Prior to the government U-turn over results, she says Newcastle University had minimal places left to fill. But it is one of a number of institutions which have said they are working to honour all their offers, although, like others, they have limited spots in medicine and dentistry. "One way or another, we will honour an offer for them no matter what the course," she says. "It may be that some students have to consider that being next year, to cope with the demand, but we'll just have to wait and see." She says that could mean accepting more students than they had originally planned to, although that would bring other complications like capacity issues, a need for more staff, and trying to operate within Covid-safe conditions. However, she says the main focus for the university - a member of the Russell Group which is made up of 24 leading universities - is making the situation as "easy as possible" for students. "Every meeting I go into, everybody is just talking about how these poor students must be feeling in all of this. It might be just another year for us, but it is the only year these students will be applying for university and it's been awful for them." Students 'at a loose end' Anxious students have also been keeping the phones busy at the University of Greenwich, which has seen their admissions line become more of a support service for students, according to Karen Brough, assistant director of student and academic services. She says they have been providing pastoral care to many students who are calling to say "I haven't got a clue what my options are, I need some support". The university has had to be very reactive to try and "unpick" the issues created by the policy changes, she says, and rather than wait for the teacher-assessed grades to be verified by Ucas, they are piecing together all the evidence supplied by students. "What we are conscious of is the longer we wait for verifiable information, the longer we've got students that are at a loose end and don't know what's happening. And that, of course, creates a huge amount of anxiety." She says the challenge is that offers are not straightforward decisions based on grades supplied by a computer. Instead, they have become "an individualised conversation with every applicant". There had been suggestions that some universities would lose out on students because of their improved results, but Karen says that hasn't been the case at the University of Greenwich, adding that the "level of applicant traffic is similar to last year". The issue of students withdrawing hasn't affected the University of Brighton either, says Carl Griffiths, head of recruitment at the university, who says there has been less movement than previous years. He speculates that may be because students who applied in the main cycle will have already secured accommodation, "so moving universities now may be more disruptive during what is already a very challenging time". The university has already started making verbal offers to students whose grades have gone up by relying on "formal communications from their schools", rather than wait for Ucas to confirm them, he says. "We hope that this means that they will now be able to relax", he adds. For universities which are already over-subscribed, offered a deferred place for 2021 is an option, although Prof Mark Goodwin, deputy vice chancellor at Exeter University, told Radio 4's today programme that would result in "knock-on implications" for students currently in Year 12. However, he adds that his university was expecting fewer students to defer this year because of the coronavirus pandemic limiting options like gap years, so "overall there may not be that many more students deferring". He adds that there should be some flexibility in the system "because this year and next year are years when there are fairly low numbers of 18-year-olds" compared to four or five years ago.

सरकार द्वारा ए-स्तरों को कैसे श्रेणीबद्ध किया जाता है, इस पर अंतिम समय में यू-टर्न लेने के बाद, हजारों छात्र जो शुरू में सोचते थे कि वे विश्वविद्यालय की अपनी पहली पसंद से चूक गए हैं, उनके पास अब व्यापार करने के लिए ग्रेड हो सकते हैं। लेकिन क्या विश्वविद्यालय अभी भी उनकी मदद कर सकते हैं या बहुत देर हो चुकी है?


Norwich crane climate protester charged with public order offence

Summary: A teenage climate protester who scaled a 115ft (33m) crane and spent two nights up it has been charged with a public order offence.

The 17-year-old climbed the structure in Duke Street, Norwich, on Saturday morning, before coming down on Monday. He has also been charged with causing criminal damage and obstructing a police officer. Appearing before Norwich magistrates, he was released on bail and is due at Norwich Youth Court later this month. Find BBC News: East of England on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. If you have a story suggestion email eastofenglandnews@bbc.co.uk

एक किशोर जलवायु प्रदर्शनकारी जिसने 115 फीट (33 मीटर) क्रेन पर चढ़ाई की और उस पर दो रातें बिताईं, उस पर सार्वजनिक व्यवस्था के उल्लंघन का आरोप लगाया गया है।


Food banks for pets: The people helping hard-up animal lovers

Summary: A number of "pet food banks" are cropping up across the UK, while animal rescue charities say some hard-up owners are giving away pets they cannot afford to feed. So what is the problem and how are animal lovers helping?

By Kate PalmerBBC News "We're getting busier, especially as it's the run-up to Christmas," says Audrey Teller, who, with her partner Stewart, runs a pet food bank serving central Scotland, including Glasgow and Stirling. "Most people who come to us have lost jobs, or are on benefits sanctions, and are already going to normal food banks." The couple run the bank from their home in Cumbernauld, where they store food for dogs, cats, hamsters, fish and rabbits in their spare bedroom and a neighbour's garage. They rely on donations from members of the public, supermarkets and pet food retailers - and ferry the supplies to local pet owners. "A vet I know recently donated some flea solution that was about to go out of date, that's quite expensive normally," she says. Audrey, who is a full-time counsellor, admits the pressure to meet demand from local families has become "enormous", saying the bank has fed 650 animals since it began in January 2016. "You don't realise it, but pets are often the only thing that keep you going if you've lost everything." And they are not alone - pet food banks are operating across the UK, including in London, Ely in Cambridgeshire, Market Harborough in Leicestershire and Denbighshire in Wales. Your local bank Marjorie Summerfield, who set up Denbighshire's first pet food bank in July, says: "If we can intervene before a pet has to be rehomed, surely that's better for the animal and their owner." Another pet food bank founder, Lisa Parratt, from Market Harborough, told BBC Radio Leicester this week: "We've been open officially a week and a half - and so far we've had three people come forward for help already." Pet owners can usually find local food banks through Facebook or via word of mouth. They might be asked for proof they are on benefits, or a pension, although some food banks do not ask any questions. Tina, who runs a pet food bank in Craigneuk, one of Scotland's most deprived areas, says: "People come to me and say: 'I am struggling'. "I don't ask them to explain why - if they're taking advantage of me then so be it." She began the bank just six weeks ago after a local rescue worker gave her 138 bags of dog food - she says she has 12 left. "I get fed up of people having to give their dogs up because they can't afford to feed them," she says. But are pets really going hungry? Battersea Dogs and Cats Home, which takes in 7,000 animals a year, said most pet owners do not like to admit to financial difficulties if they give their pet up for adoption. Less than 2% of owners who gave up their pet to the charity's three centres this year cited financial reasons. Instead, most said their circumstances had changed (37%) or that they were no longer able to look after their animal (61%). Debbie Chapman, from the charity, says: "Whether that's because they think we won't take in their pet with that reason, or whether they are too proud to admit that, or think they will be judged badly, we don't know." But Jenna Martyn, a re-homing manager at Blue Cross, says money problems are often an issue for people giving up their pet. "People might tell us they're having to move house - which could be very likely because of financial reasons," she says. "We ask that people always contact a charity for help and don't just abandon their pets to fend for themselves." 'Chuck-out season' More than 80,000 dogs are abandoned by their owners in the UK a year, according to the Dogs Trust. They end up in council pounds and may be put down if their owners are not found. Lynsey Murray, founder of Glasgow-based dog rescue charity Cleo's Mutley Crew, describes this time of year as "chuck-out season". "People don't want to be buying dog food - they want presents for their family, or if they have children to feed may feel like they don't have a choice," she says. She began the rescue service three years ago, re-homing about 100 kennel dogs a year from the Lanarkshire and Glasgow area, on top of her job as an audiologist. But Lynsey insists pet owners do have a choice, no matter how difficult their circumstances are. "Food is a problem, but you can get a bag of really bland food for a big dog for £8 to £10 and that lasts a month," she says. "The bigger cost is medical care, and if a person can't afford pet food then that animal also isn't going to the vet." The RSPCA says a pet food bank should be a "last resort" for struggling owners. A spokeswoman for the charity says: "Pet food banks could offer a lifeline to someone who would otherwise feel they had to give up their pet. "We would urge owners to contact a charity who might be able to help before it gets to this point."

पूरे ब्रिटेन में कई "पालतू जानवरों के खाद्य बैंक" स्थापित किए जा रहे हैं, जबकि पशु बचाव दान का कहना है कि कुछ कठोर मालिक पालतू जानवरों को दे रहे हैं जिन्हें वे खिलाने का खर्च वहन नहीं कर सकते हैं। तो क्या समस्या है और पशु प्रेमी कैसे मदद कर रहे हैं?


The film stars who snubbed the Oscars

Summary: As Spike Lee and Jada Pinkett Smith announce they are boycotting this year's Oscars , we look at some of the Oscar winners and nominees who have snubbed the glitzy ceremony over the years.

Katharine Hepburn She won four Oscars (Morning Glory, 1934, Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, 1968, The Lion in Winter, 1969 and On Golden Pond, 1982) but never turned up to receive any of them. Hepburn made one appearance at the 1974 awards but that was to present a memorial award to producer and friend Lawrence Weingarten. She received a standing ovation when she walked on to the stage and said: "I'm so glad I didn't hear anyone shout out: 'It's about time'. I am the living proof that a person can wait 41 years to be unselfish." Dudley Nichols Nichols, whose credits included Stagecoach, Bringing Up Baby and For Whom the Bell Tolls, won a screenplay award for The Informer (1935). But he refused to accept it because the Writers' Guild was striking at the time - he was the first person to refuse an Academy Award. According to the LA Times, he finally took the Oscar home in 1938 after the National Labor Relations Board certified the Screen Writers Guild as the bargaining representative for movie writers and Academy records indicate that he was in possession of a statuette by 1949. George C Scott With his granite face and characteristically intense performances, George C Scott was regarded as one of the finest American actors of his generation. His magisterial portrayal of General George S Patton in Patton won him the best actor award at the 1971 Oscars. But not only did he boycott the ceremony, he actually refused the award itself - the first person to turn down an acting Oscar. He said that the politics surrounding such awards was "demeaning" and described the Oscar ceremony as "a two-hour meat parade". Marlon Brando The star won two Oscars - one in 1955 for On the Waterfront and the second in 1972 for his comeback with The Godfather in the role of Mafia leader, Don Vito Corleone. But he refused to accept the latter prize, choosing instead to send Native American actress and activist Sacheen Littlefeather to refuse the award on stage, in order to demonstrate his dismay at the entertainment industry's treatment of Native Americans. Banksy The British artist, famous for his stencils daubed on street walls, was nominated for a best documentary award for his debut feature film, Exit Through The Gift Shop in 2011. He asked if he would be allowed to accept the prize in disguise if he won, so he could keep his closely guarded identity a secret. But Academy Awards refused, in case gatecrashers also dressed up in disguise and tried to get in. In the end, the award went to financial crash film Inside Job. Woody Allen Allen is well known for his absence at the Oscars. He's won four Academy Awards over a 44 year period but has never accepted any of them in person. In Woody Allen: A Documentary (2011), archive footage showed the filmmaker explaining why he didn't attend the 1978 Oscars, where Annie Hall won several awards. "I think what you get in awards is favouritism," Allen said. "I mean, people can say, 'My favourite movie was Annie Hall. But the implication is that it's the best movie and I don't think you can make that judgment. "Except for track - track and field - where one guy runs and you see that he wins, then it's OK. I won those when I was younger and those were nice because I knew I deserved them."

जैसा कि स्पाइक ली और जैडा पिंकेट स्मिथ ने घोषणा की कि वे इस साल के ऑस्कर का बहिष्कार कर रहे हैं, हम कुछ ऑस्कर विजेताओं और नामांकित व्यक्तियों को देखते हैं जिन्होंने पिछले कुछ वर्षों में शानदार समारोह को अस्वीकार कर दिया है।


Pret A Manger go-ahead for Ipswich Cornhill building

Summary: A national chain's vision to turn a prominent town centre building into a café and sandwich shop has been given the go-ahead.

Pret A Manger will move into the former Grimwades store on Ipswich's Cornhill. The Victorian red brick three-storey building was home to Clinton Cards until it closed in 2013. It has since been used by a number of pop-up shops. Ipswich Borough Council's planning committee unanimously approved the application. Planning officers, in a report which went before the committee, said the proposal would improve the town centre. Pret said it planned to hire 24 members of staff for the store, which will have about 140 seats and occupy two floors. An opening date has yet to be confirmed.

एक प्रमुख नगर केंद्र की इमारत को कैफे और सैंडविच की दुकान में बदलने के लिए एक राष्ट्रीय श्रृंखला के दृष्टिकोण को मंजूरी दी गई है।


Michael Weir denies double pensioner murder from 21 years ago

Summary: A man from east London has pleaded not guilty to the murders of two pensioners more than 20 years ago.

Michael Weir, 52, from Hackney, appeared at the Old Bailey on Thursday by video link. He pleaded not guilty to the murder of 73-year-old Leonard Harris, on 16 June 1998, and also denied murdering 83-year-old Rose Seferian on 9 April 1998. Mrs Justice McGowan said Mr Weir will face a three-week trial at the Old Bailey starting on 14 October.

पूर्वी लंदन के एक व्यक्ति ने 20 साल से अधिक समय पहले दो पेंशनभोगियों की हत्या के लिए दोषी नहीं होने का अनुरोध किया है।


Abdul Deghayes: Murder trial date set for June

Summary: A man accused of murdering the brother of two British teenagers, killed while fighting for Islamist jihadists in Syria, is to face a trial on 24 June.

Abdul Deghayes, 22, was found stabbed in a car in Brighton after a crash on 16 February and died as a result of his wounds the following day. Daniel Macleod, 36, of Gipsy Road, London, appeared before Hove Crown Court by video link from Lewes Prison. He faces charges of murder and having cocaine with intent to supply. Mr Macleod will face a two to three week trial by jury and a plea and trial preparation hearing has been scheduled for 17 May. Mr Deghayes was the twin of Abdullah, 18, and brother of Jaffar, 17, both from Brighton, who were said to have become radicalised and died fighting with Islamists in Syria in 2014. It is believed their older brother, Amer, is still alive in Syria, having left Sussex in 2013. Mr Macleod was remanded in custody.

सीरिया में इस्लामी जिहादियों के लिए लड़ते हुए मारे गए दो ब्रिटिश किशोरों के भाई की हत्या के आरोपी व्यक्ति पर 24 जून को मुकदमा चलाया जाएगा।


India-Pakistan pen pals write their own history

Summary: Thousands of students in India and Pakistan exchanged letters as part of a peace initiative until they had to stop because of increasing tension between the two countries. BBC Marathi's Prajakta Dhulap reports on the friendships that were forged across the border.

Fourteen-year-old Hrishikesh Dubey says his biggest treasure is four handwritten letters from Pakistan. They are from his friend Samiullah who lives in the city of Lahore. In 2016 the Anuyog School in the eastern Indian business capital of Mumbai - where Hrishikesh studies - enrolled in a programme that allowed its students to be pen pals with students from Lahore Grammar School in Pakistan. The letters were addressed to the respective schools and the teachers matched students who then continued to write to each other. Between 2016 and 2017, 212 school children from both countries exchanged some 1,000 letters, according to the programme's organiser, a non-profit named Routes 2 Roots. This wasn't the first time they had done this - the organisation started the cross-border pen pal programme in 2010. Since then more than 50,000 kids from Mumbai, Delhi, and Dehradun have become pen pals with kids in Lahore, Karachi and Islamabad, says founder Rakesh Gupta. "If we respect each other's culture, peaceful coexistence will not be an issue," says Mr Gupta. "We need to remove hatred from children's minds and teach them to respect another nation." Do you play hockey too? India and Pakistan have been at odds since 1947 when India won its independence and Pakistan was created. The partition, as it is known, sparked horrific violence on both sides that killed at least one million people while millions more fled their homes. Since then they have fought three wars, two of which have been over Kashmir, which remains a thorny issue. Mr Gupta says encouraging friendship between people from both countries is exactly what is necessary for improving ties between the neighbours. Around October 2016, Hrishikesh wrote his first letter as part of the pen pal programme. He had a lot of questions because he didn't know much about Pakistan. He wanted to know if hockey, India's national sport, was also the national sport of Pakistan. He asked if vada pav, a popular Indian potato sandwich, was available there. Within a few weeks, Hrishikesh got a response from Samiullah. who was also 14 years old. As their correspondence continued, their friendship bloomed - they wrote about themselves, told each other about their families and friends, the food they ate, the games they played and the hobbies they loved. The letters, Hrishikesh says, helped them learn about each other's countries. Hrishikesh sent Samiullah photos of the Gateway of India and other famous spots in Mumbai. And he says his "dear friend" told him about the Lahore Fort and the Badshahi Mosque. He even introduced Hrishikesh to the poems of the iconic Urdu poet Faiz Ahmed Faiz. "It was not easy for kids to write letters, but teachers helped them," says Manisha Ghevde, a teacher at Anuyog School. "They were excited to write the letters and ask their questions. Then they would eagerly wait for a reply." Safety concerns The letters, all written in English, were full of information, descriptive details and questions. "I like to eat biryani [a rice dish popular in India and Pakistan], I like to eat ice cream and I don't like pulses," a young Pakistani boy named Hamza wrote to his friend. "I love baking and cooking and helping my mother," wrote a girl, Aneeqa. Another described the colour of her hair, which she said matched the colour of her eyes. An Indian girl sent photos and a description of popular street food, from dosa or rice pancakes to jalebi - swirly and sticky crisps covered in melted sugar. Through the letters, the children got glimpses of their neighbouring country that went beyond what they read in history textbooks. In 2017, Hrishikesh's school decided to take some of the students to Pakistan. But teachers at the Anuyog School found that many parents were reluctant to send their children to Pakistan on a visit - some said they had safety concerns while others said they didn't want their kids to go to a Muslim country. "We need to change our perspective. So we need to try to create a positive image before a child starts thinking negatively. We spoke to the parents and two of them agreed to travel to Lahore. We teachers were also going to accompany them," says Satish Chindarkar, a trustee at the school. Hrishikesh's visa was approved and his ticket to Lahore was booked. Samiullah asked him what he would bring for him from Mumbai. Hrishikesh's father's suggested a tailored suit from the local and beloved Abbas Tailor shop. But he never got to give Samiullah his gift. "We were told to cancel the trip because there was tension on the border," Mr Chindarkar recalls. But he is hopeful that one day he'll be able to take his students to Pakistan. "For the past seven years, we have been taking kids from India to Pakistan and bringing kids from Pakistan to visit India," says Mr Gupta. "Every time both governments and the authorities have been supportive. But in 2017, the home ministry asked us to send back the Pakistani kids so they had to leave the tour in between." Mr Gupta has also discontinued the pen pal programme. "After a lot of efforts we had created this chain of friendship between India and Pakistan. It won't be easy to create this again," he says regretfully. But some students have managed to stay in touch. Shailaja Kumar was 13 years old in 2012 when she started writing letters to Asma in Pakistan as part of the same pen pal programme. She visited Lahore and Islamabad in 2013. Her grandparents had left their home in Pakistan and migrated to India in the violent aftermath of partition. But her family had been proud that she was the first to return to Pakistan on a visit. Since then she has kept in touch with her friends in Pakistan, largely because of Facebook. "I especially think of them on 14 August because it's their independence day," she says. India celebrates 15 August as independence day. Hrishikesh is not in touch with Samiullah but he hopes to visit Pakistan someday. "I don't know if Samiullah will recognise me. But still I would like to meet him. He is my friend."

भारत और पाकिस्तान में हजारों छात्रों ने एक शांति पहल के हिस्से के रूप में पत्रों का आदान-प्रदान किया जब तक कि उन्हें दोनों देशों के बीच बढ़ते तनाव के कारण रुकना नहीं पड़ा। बीबीसी मराठी का प्राजक्ता धुलप सीमा पार की दोस्ती पर रिपोर्ट करता है।


I Heart Bella: How festival's biggest fans may just be its performers

Summary: This weekend marks the 13th Belladrum Tartan Heart music festival near Beauly in the Highlands. Two of this year's acts - Skye-born street trials cyclist Danny MacAskill and Glasgow band Gun have told BBC News Scotland online why appearing at Bella is important to them.

By Steven McKenzieBBC Scotland Highlands and Islands reporter MacAskill is sitting on a large box, part of the rig, or in simple terms large objects that aid his and his Drop and Roll show team-mates' stunts. Watching eagerly from the sidelines of the arena where MacAskill is sitting is a large crowd, still catching its breath from the trials cyclists' last display. "The crowds at Belladrum have been brilliant," says MacAskill. "It is for me a very local event. Coming from Skye, Belladrum is only 120 miles away," says the cyclist who can often be found many, many hundreds of miles away in exotic world locations. "Obviously from being from up here more folk have seen my videos and are very aware of what I do. At Belladrum, there is also definitely a cool interaction with the crowds, especially with the kids. They are some of the best shows we do all year. Some of the busiest and some of the loudest crowds. We know how to make a noise in the Highlands." After Bella, Drop and Roll will entertain crowds at Ascot during the staging of a Red Bull aircraft race and then it is on to Zurich before venues in Germany. 'Death-defying' "I'm filming a new video in between all that," adds MacAskill, but declines to give details of what his latest YouTube extravaganza will involve. His previous films have featured death-defying stunts, performed high on Skye's Cuillin Ridge and rooftops in a sun-kissed Canary Islands location. He says: "I like to keep the whereabouts and what I'm up to a little bit of a secret. "It is always good to have a bit of surprise. We've been working hard on this one. It has been five months of looking for locations and getting the tricks done, so it should be out in October time." MacAskill set up the Drop and Roll show with friend and fellow trials cyclist Duncan Shaw, of Inverness. "Myself and Duncan started Drop and Roll as a way of working as a team," says MacAskill. "I suppose from 2009 to 2013, things changed for me quite a lot. I was travelling a lot and making films. I am not complaining about it, but you spend quite a lot of time by yourself. I really enjoy doing these live shows and enjoy the people's reactions to them. "It is really good fun to be touring around with friends." On another part of the sprawling Bella site, Glasgow-based band Gun are taking a chance of some relaxation before their show. While no strangers to the Highlands having played across the region including Drumnadrochit and Wick, Friday night's performance marks the band's first appearance as a group at the festival. But band member Dante Gizzi has had a taste of the Highland event before, having previously performed there with El Presidente. He says: "Bella has a great atmosphere. It is a festival for music lovers. It is very family orientated and there is such a wide variety of stuff going on here, but I think people really come for the music." Paul McManus adds: "This was the festival we were most excited about because it was the one that we always wanted to play, and it is a very beautiful part of the world to come to and play this show." Giuliano Gizzi says: "As Gun we have played a lot of festivals before, but never Bella. "We are Belladrum virgins," he adds with a laugh. "We are looking forward to it. Looking forward to playing some songs off the Frantic album. it will be good fun." Dante says festivals form an important part of the band's work in reaching out to audiences. He says: "You are playing to a wider audience, to people who maybe have never heard your music before. "We are also here for some other bands and it will be great to check them out. I think that is great about doing festivals," he adds. McManus says: "Our friends are here, including the band White, and we are looking forward to seeing them. "There is a real contemporary mix here at Bella and it is good to be amongst all of that. "That is where Gun feels most comfortable. We play more melodic, more cross-over, so this is a great festival for us rather than some of the more edgy type of rock festivals that some people associate with us. So, yes, playing festivals like Bella is very important for us."

इस सप्ताह के अंत में हाईलैंड्स में ब्यूली के पास 13वां बेलाड्रम टार्टन हार्ट संगीत समारोह आयोजित किया जा रहा है। इस साल के दो कार्यक्रम-स्काई में जन्मे सड़क परीक्षण साइकिल चालक डैनी मैकस्किल और ग्लासगो बैंड गन ने बीबीसी न्यूज स्कॉटलैंड को ऑनलाइन बताया है कि उनके लिए बेला में उपस्थित होना क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है।


Man's body found in Exeter city centre doorway

Summary: The body of a man, believed to be in his 20s, has been found in a city centre doorway.

The man was discovered in the entrance to Claire's Accessories in High Street, Exeter just before 07:00 BST, police said. The area was cordoned off while emergency services attended the scene on Thursday morning. The death is not being treated as suspicious but inquiries are ongoing to find and inform the man's next of kin. Related Internet Links Devon & Cornwall Police

एक व्यक्ति का शव, जो माना जाता है कि उसके 20 के दशक में है, शहर के केंद्र के दरवाजे में पाया गया है।


Pioneering surgeons recall first triple transplant operation

Summary: Thirty years ago Davina Thompson became the world's first patient to receive a heart, lung and liver transplant. The groundbreaking surgery would be described by medical organisations as "extraordinary", giving hope to patients whose conditions had been considered inoperable.

By Helen Burchell and Katy PrickettBBC News Online And for 35-year-old Mrs Thompson it was "this or death". For the two surgeons who made history on the night of 17 December 1986, however, they were "just doing the job". The married mother of a nine-year-old daughter was "adamant" she wanted to go ahead with the operation, recalls one of her surgeons, Prof Sir Roy Calne. Mrs Thompson, from Rotherham, was dying from lung and liver disease. Without radical surgery her chances of surviving more than a few months were slim, and her quality of life would have been "dreadful", Prof Calne says. What he and fellow surgeon Prof John Wallwork planned to do had never been tried before. At 01:00 GMT, a team of 15 medics gathered in the operating theatre of the NHS's specialist heart and lung hospital, Papworth, in Cambridgeshire. The surgery took about 12 hours and was led by the two professors. Prof Wallwork, based at Papworth, had performed Europe's first successful heart-lung transplant two years before, while Prof Calne, an Addenbrooke's Hospital-based surgeon, had carried out the first liver transplant in Europe, in 1968. Their teams had collaborated previously and, although a triple transplant was pioneering surgery, it was felt that "there was no overwhelming reason why it shouldn't work", Prof Calne recalls. Mrs Thompson was "very courageous as she knew it hadn't been done before", he says. "It was life or death for her, which she knew. "She had a lot of go in her, and if she was able, she said she'd take the chance." The operation was a success, and Prof Calne, now aged 85, says although it "captured the public's imagination" he does not recall much of a media "fanfare" at the time. "Davina went back to being a housewife and led a very full life," he says. But according to Babulal Sethia, president of the Royal Society of Medicine, what happened on the operating table that night was hugely significant. "The first triple transplant of the heart, lungs and liver at Papworth Hospital in 1986 was an extraordinary achievement. "For the first time, it offered hope to patients who were previously thought to be inoperable." Prof Derek Manas, president of the British Transplantation Society, goes even further in his praise for the pioneering surgeons. He argues that the "amazing triple transplant... resulted in cultural acceptance, legal and political facilitation of organ donation and technical advances in organ preservation, transplant surgery, immunology, immunosuppression and management of end-stage organ diseases. "As a professional community we owe them a huge debt of gratitude." However, both Prof Wallwork and Prof Calne remain extremely modest about their achievements. They were "just doing the job", says Prof Wallwork, now 70 and chairman of Papworth Hospital Trust. "I'm sorry to be so boring about it... but from the patient's point of view it has to be just the 'job', as if we were out there on a limb it would be not good for anybody. "I think we knew we were doing something that nobody else had ever done, and indeed the next day I was in London and just sitting on the Tube and I thought: 'I have seen something that nobody else has ever seen'." Prof Calne will go as far as to say their achievement "perhaps pushed the boat out for other multiple transplants, so in that way it was important". Papworth Hospital has carried out 1,429 cardiac transplants and 1,020 lung transplants, but Mrs Thompson was the first of only 10 people to need triple transplants performed by its specialist surgeons. Thirty years on they are still "pretty rare", Prof Wallwork says, as not that many patients need them. "Nowadays, we tend to just do the lung and the liver or just the lung, but this patient had no alternative. "We have to use our scarce resources wisely and you could argue that three patients could have been helped rather than one." Mrs Thompson returned several times to Papworth, including to a party to mark the 10th anniversary of her surgery. However, within two years of that celebration she was back for her final visit. She died there in August 1998 at the age of 47 from a lung infection. Correction 19 March 2018: This article originally reported that Davina Thompson's healthy heart was donated to another transplant patient after her death, based on information from the NHS. The transplant team have since confirmed that this did not happen and this line has been removed from the story.

तीस साल पहले डेविना थॉम्पसन हृदय, फेफड़े और यकृत प्रत्यारोपण प्राप्त करने वाली दुनिया की पहली रोगी बनीं। इस अभूतपूर्व शल्य चिकित्सा को चिकित्सा संगठनों द्वारा "असाधारण" के रूप में वर्णित किया जाएगा, जिससे उन रोगियों को उम्मीद मिलेगी जिनकी स्थिति को अक्षम माना गया था।


Wiltshire residents to have plastic waste collected

Summary: People living in Wiltshire will soon be able to have plastic waste and cardboard collected from the kerbsides outside their homes.

More than 10,000 residents took part in a consultation this summer by Wiltshire Council about rubbish and recycling collection in the county. As a result fortnightly collections will be introduced - alternating between household and recycling waste. The council cabinet is meeting on Tuesday to finalise the plans. It said it was also working on providing a food waste collection service which it hopes to introduce at a later date.

विल्टशायर में रहने वाले लोग जल्द ही अपने घरों के बाहर कर्बसाइड से प्लास्टिक अपशिष्ट और कार्डबोर्ड एकत्र कर सकेंगे।


Singer Patti Smith leads Roskilde anniversary memorial

Summary: US singer Patti Smith has led a brief ceremony to commemorate the 10th anniversary of a fatal crush at the Roskilde music festival.

Nine people died and 43 were injured during a performance by Pearl Jam at the Danish rock festival in 2000. An inquiry found "a chain of unfortunate circumstances" caused fans to surge towards the stage. Smith threw nine roses on the audience after the victims' names were read out at the start of the four-day event. Nine trees have also been planted near the site in memory of the victims and as a reminder to festival-goers and staff to be careful while they enjoy the music on stage. About 75,000 people are at this year's event, which is located west of the Danish capital Copenhagen. Prince and UK band Gorillaz are among the 150 rock, pop and techno groups performing.

अमेरिकी गायक पैटी स्मिथ ने रोस्किल्डे संगीत समारोह में एक घातक क्रश की 10वीं वर्षगांठ मनाने के लिए एक संक्षिप्त समारोह का नेतृत्व किया है।


The Great North Run 2018: In pictures

Summary: The streets and skies above Tyneside were awash with colour as thousands took part in the 2018 Great North Run.

About 57,000 people registered to take part in the annual half marathon between Newcastle and South Shields. As ever, fun-runners followed in the footsteps of the world's elite distance athletes with Sir Mo Farah sealing a record-breaking fifth victory in the men's event. The Olympian reached the finish line in an impressive 59 minutes and 26 seconds - while many others had only just crossed the start line back in Newcastle. .

टाइनसाइड के ऊपर की सड़कें और आसमान रंगों से भरे हुए थे क्योंकि हजारों लोगों ने 2018 ग्रेट नॉर्थ रन में भाग लिया था।


Who What Why: Why are there so many seagulls in cities?

Summary: Love them or loathe them, seagulls are as much a part of the seaside as a bucket and spade and ice cream. But why are so many seagulls increasingly found in inland towns and cities?

Traditionally, the birds have lived around water, some inland by rivers and reservoirs. But their high-pitched call is now increasingly being heard in towns and cities far from the coast and many have given up living near water entirely. Experts say the number of urban seagulls is increasing because nesting on the roofs of office blocks and houses means they can avoid predators such as foxes and, as a result, more chicks survive. It is also argued food waste in landfill sites and discarded on urban streets provides a ready supply of meals for them. "Seagulls are extremely adaptable, quick thinking and bold," says Grahame Madge, a spokesman for the RSPB. "From a gull's perspective cities provide myriad opportunities. "As traditional food sources are declining they have learned to forage in landfill sites further inland and on urban streets. They are taking advantage of our wastefulness. "Seagulls are breaking their connection with the sea. They have previously nested in towns and cities that are on a corridor to the sea, but now we are seeing them in inland counties that are far from the coast." Rural and urban gulls are now two distinct populations and don't often mix, says urban gull expert Peter Rock. Rural gulls will rarely start nesting in urban areas and vice versa. Most remain in the environment they were born in, although a small number do return to the coast to breed. "There is a raft of differences between the two groups," he says. "Most significantly, rural gulls are in massive decline while the number of urban gulls is rapidly increasing and expected to continue going up." He estimates there are 100,000 pairs of breeding urban gulls on rooftops around town and cities across the nation. In contrast, the number of rural gulls in the UK have declined significantly in recent decades, according to the RSPB. According to bird experts, there is technically no such thing as a seagull. There are, in fact, several different species of gull, mainly herring gulls and black-backed gulls in the UK. Since the 1970s, the number of herring gulls has more than halved. A seabird survey in 1969/70 found 343,586 nesting pairs, by the last survey in 2000 it had fallen to 149,177. In 2009 the herring gull was added to the Red List of Birds of Conservation Concern, which is drawn up by a group of charities and conservation organisations. Red is the highest conservation priority, with urgent action deemed to be needed to protect the species. One of the main reasons for the falling numbers is that changes to fishing practices in the UK have resulted in food shortages for rural gulls, says Rock. Disease is another factor, according to the RSPB. But Rock argues that these two things do not fully explain the rise in urban gulls and says more research needs to be done. Millions of pounds a year are wasted trying to control them, he says, and only proper research will be able to come up with good management strategies. Gulls have a reputation for being aggressive, particularly in spring and summer when they breed and raise their young. But experts say they are fascinating birds. "I admit they do not make particularly good neighbours," says Madge. "But they are such interesting, beautiful birds." They are very intelligent, especially urban gulls, which is a problem for local authorities trying to control their numbers by making food waste more difficult to get at - for example, by using wheelie-bins. "They are very crafty and very clever in bird terms," says Rock. "They just adapt to everything that is thrown at them. We have invited them into towns with our throwaway society and it is going to cost a lot of money to take them away again."

उन्हें प्यार करें या उन्हें नापसंद करें, सीगल समुद्र तट का उतना ही हिस्सा हैं जितना कि बाल्टी और कुदाल और आइसक्रीम। लेकिन अंतर्देशीय शहरों और कस्बों में इतने सारे सीगल क्यों पाए जाते हैं?


CCTV of car in Gravesend nightclub shown to jurors

Summary: CCTV footage of the moment a man drove his car down a narrow alleyway into a Kent nightclub marquee and across a dance floor, injuring eight people, has been shown to a jury.

Witnesses have told Maidstone Crown Court it was like a "domino effect" of people being knocked over at Blake's nightclub in Gravesend, on 17 March. Mohammed Abdul, 21, denies attempted murder and causing GBH with intent. Mr Abdul, of McMillan Street, Deptford, accepts he was the driver. The court has heard Mr Abdul was thrown out of the club because he seemed drunk, but returned 10 minutes later in his Suzuki Vitara. Mr Abdul told the court he had drunk about 15 vodkas and tequila shots and also smoked at least 10 "spliffs". He said he was calm, but at one point the doormen pushed him to the floor. He told the court he returned in his car because he wanted to antagonise the bouncers and cause a nuisance because they had embarrassed him. Mr Abdul manoeuvred his car into the mouth of the alleyway to give them a scare, he told the court. Jurors heard when a bouncer opened the driver's door believing Mr Abdul may have had a gun, the driver lurched forward to get away. The court heard he hit a doorman and this obscured his view. He said he did not see a woman who was pulled out of the way by another doorman. Mr Abdul told jurors he hoped to find a back way out but instead crashed into the marquee. Finding himself on the dance floor, he panicked and reversed, but got stuck. He told the court: "I'm very remorseful. I want to give my deepest apologies to anyone injured by my actions." Mr Abdul added: "I believe I nearly shouted back to the bouncers, 'I'm going to shut this place down'. Not as a threat to kill anyone. I strongly refute that I threatened to kill anyone." Asked by his defence barrister Danny Moore whether he intended to kill anyone when he drove up to the nightclub, he replied: "Absolutely not." He has admitted causing serious injury by dangerous driving. The trial continues.

सीसीटीवी फुटेज में एक व्यक्ति ने अपनी कार को एक संकीर्ण गली से नीचे एक केंट नाइट क्लब मार्की में और एक डांस फ्लोर पर चलाया, जिसमें आठ लोग घायल हो गए, जिसे एक जूरी को दिखाया गया है।


Milk theft and no radios: Policing Gwent in the 1960s

Summary: Gwent Police has been celebrating its 50th anniversary this week, marking the merger in April 1967 of Newport Borough Police and Monmouthshire Constabulary. It was part of a government decision to reduce the number of police forces in England and Wales. A lot has changed in that time, as these retired police officers recount.

By Gemma Ryall & Stephanie ThomasBBC News Derek Allsopp Age: 79 Rank: PC Derek Allsopp joined Newport Borough Police in 1960 and said he never went in a police car for the first seven years - all his work was carried out on foot. "We had a whistle, truncheon, handcuffs and notebook - that was it. There was no radio so if you had a violent suspect you'd think twice. "There were small police pillar boxes at the end of some roads where you had a phone and you'd have to call in to the sergeant at arranged times or we would meet up there. "If you were needed urgently, a flashing light on the top of the pillar boxes would go off so you'd have to keep an eye out for those when you were patrolling. And if you arrested someone, you'd have to manhandle them to a pillar box to call for back up. "The most common crimes back in the early days were the theft of milk and coal - you used to get a lot of that going on." Nina Allsopp Nina Allsopp, who has been married to Derek for more than 50 years, said life could be tough married to a police officer - and she herself was vetted by the force to make sure she was suitable wife material. "In those days they didn't have the communications of today so they would come out and flash a torch into our windows at night if Derek was needed. "The number of meals that were just thrown on the fire... We wouldn't see him. "You knew what you got into when you married the policeman - it was their life. But the money was really bad back then - we would have to make do and mend as the money wasn't there and we weren't allowed to take in a lodger to help with money and the policeman couldn't take a second job. "I had to get permission from the force to get married. You had to be vetted to make sure you didn't have any criminals in your family. "And we could never tell anyone we were married to a police officer because they would always say 'don't tell her, she's married to a policeman'." Lynfa Strong Age: 65 Rank: WPC Lynfa Strong was a WPC - as women police officers were known then - between 1971 and 1972. She said back then as soon as a woman had a child, they did not continue to work in the police. Her time in the force was also frustrating as she did not get to do the same jobs as her male colleagues. "The job was different then. The police women then didn't have such an active role. "They wanted us to do all the clerical work. Also if there had been a crime involving a woman with children, for example, you'd have to look after the children while the male police officers went off doing the investigation work. "I remember having to do that as a 20-year-old without children, even though I worked with a lot of men who were fathers and would have had more experience of children than me. "I didn't have equal pay and there were a lot of shock tactics from the men - they would leave explicit pictures on your desk to try to shock you." Cyril Waters Age: 90 Rank: PC Cyril Waters joined Newport Borough Police in 1951 and said the merger with Monmouthshire Constabulary was "terrible" at first. "We thought we were better than them, they thought they were better than us. "Eventually it worked itself out and things gradually began to alter. It was all banter really and we all became friends." He retired from Gwent Police in 1993 and said: "I didn't miss the job, I missed the people." Roy Ellis Age: 78 Rank: Superintendent Roy Ellis joined Monmouthshire Constabulary as a PC in 1959 and said it was the bigger of the two forces that went on to become Gwent Police. Monmouthshire had about 500 officers in 1967 while Newport had about half of that. "The Newport people thought it was a takeover as we were the bigger force. "One of the things for me was that Monmouthshire was very rural policing - we didn't really handle many prisoners. Suddenly I was in Newport and there were 20 prisoners in the cells. It was a much more heated environment. "Saying that, I think we were better all-rounders in the rural areas because we did everything. In the country, if we had a suspect in the night we had to ring the super in the middle of the night. But that changed when we merged." Bill Davies Age: 79 Rank: PC Bill Davies joined the police force in 1959. "Back then the locals loved and respected the police force. "When we were on the beat, we always knew which houses and cafes we could nip to for a cup of tea." One of his favourite memories was when he was in the back of a fish and chip shop eating curry and chips, when his helmet fell off into a large saucepan of curry. "Try hiding that from the sergeant!" Brian Clarke Age: 86 Rank: PC Brian Clarke, who joined the police in 1952, said some of his fondest memories were spending time with the community. "We would have two officers on each patch, one for the day and one for the night. "We lived in the area and knew the locals very well, even when we were technically off shift we never were. I loved my job because people always needed my help." John Watkins Age: 82 Rank: Sergeant John Watkins joined Gwent Police in 1967 and remembers the Miners' Strike between 1984 and 1985 well. "Whilst on strike, men and children would secretly mine for coal to keep their families warm through the winter. "When they were caught by police they would leave their tools behind and run, we confiscated a whole cell full of mining tools which were later sold off on auction." Robert 'Bob' Hallett Age: 74 Rank: PC Bob Hallett joined Gwent Police in 1967 and loved the camaraderie of his colleagues. "We were always having fun, we would do anything for each other. The highlight of his career was finding two boys who had stolen items from a local shop and had been in hiding for two weeks.

ग्वेंट पुलिस इस सप्ताह अपनी 50वीं वर्षगांठ मना रही है, जो अप्रैल 1967 में न्यूपोर्ट बरो पुलिस और मॉनमाउथशायर कांस्टेबुलरी के विलय को चिह्नित करती है। यह इंग्लैंड और वेल्स में पुलिस बलों की संख्या को कम करने के सरकारी निर्णय का हिस्सा था। उस समय में बहुत कुछ बदल गया है, जैसा कि ये सेवानिवृत्त पुलिस अधिकारी बताते हैं।


Girls' HPV vaccine numbers please NHS Cambridgeshire

Summary: NHS Cambridgeshire has said it is "very pleased" with the number of girls having the vaccination against human papilloma virus (HPV).

In the past year more than 90% of girls aged between 12 and 13 have had the treatment, an NHS spokeswoman said. The vaccine, which consists of three injections over a six-month period, is given in secondary schools and at community clinics. HPV causes most types of cervical cancer. Dr Lincoln Sargeant, consultant in public health medicine at NHS Cambridgeshire said: "We are very pleased with the response to the HPV vaccination programme across the county. "In the UK cervical cancer is the twelfth most common women's cancer."

एनएचएस कैम्ब्रिजशायर ने कहा है कि वह मानव पेपिलोमा वायरस (एचपीवी) के खिलाफ टीकाकरण कराने वाली लड़कियों की संख्या से "बहुत खुश" है।