Coronavirus: Paris returns to cafe life with new normal

Summary: Fear isn't something 88-year-old Mathilde gives in to easily. Sitting on the terrace of her local bistro in Paris, hours after it reopened this week, she sipped a fizzy drink, as the morning sunshine drew perspiration from her glass.

By Lucy WilliamsonBBC Paris correspondent "I've been waiting for this," she said. "To be surrounded by people, not to be alone anymore!" Mathilde had dressed for the occasion: a printed dress, perfectly styled hair. Public life here has always demanded a little extra effort. For its cafes and restaurants that means new rules on seating, new cleaning procedures, hand sanitiser everywhere you look. "Of course I'm scared," said her friend Annie, 10 years younger. "But, you know, at our age we don't have much time left, so at some point we have to just do it." Why an empty Paris lost its identity Many people have expressed relief that Paris's bars and cafes are open again; their terraces full. There was something about the emptiness of this city, in particular, during lockdown that felt especially poignant, says Joan Dejean, an author and historian of French culture, because the destiny of Paris was to be seen: "Paris was intentionally constructed for people in the streets, to be viewed, to be appreciated visually," she told me. "If there are no pedestrians looking at everything, from the gardens to the great houses to the Ile St Louis, they lose their raison d'être." During the lockdown, she says, there were two cities that were particularly photographed for their emptiness: Venice and Paris. Venice, to show what the city looked like without tourists; Paris, to show how difficult it was to recognise the city without people enjoying it. "I loved it even more," said Delphine, a long-term Paris resident. "You heard the birds. I had an end-of-lockdown blues; I felt a bit attacked that people were back in the streets." The gradual return to normality is recreating familiar frictions. Delphine has two young daughters and lives near the Sacré-Cœur church. As lockdown began to ease, she and other young parents took camping stools into the streets of Montmartre to watch their children play football. Recently, Delphine says, a man leaned out of a window and told them that he was working from home, and to stop making so much noise. "Behind him we could hear his wife screaming at us to leave," Delphine said. "Clearly they were at breaking point." Not all Parisians were unhappy Alane Kadouri, a psychiatrist at the Cochin Hospital in Paris, says he was surprised by the number of people who actually preferred confinement. "Those who are afraid of social relationships felt secure during the lockdown," he explained. "Those who find love life complicated didn't have to ask themselves questions; and the teens were happy to stay at home to play video games and be on social media." But, he said, there was a big gap between the experience of ordinary citizens and many nurses at his hospital. "One in ten nurses was attacked during the lockdown," he said. "Some were asked to leave their flats by their neighbours, because of the contagion risk." Now normal life is returning, he says, he's seeing some of them break down. "They're all afraid of the second wave, and they're exhausted," he said. "I've heard from 30-year-old nurses who are having trouble climbing stairs." Who is important in today's Paris? Rolande Mariel is a nurse, also working at the Cochin Hospital. As pressure on the health system eases, and non-Covid patients return for treatment, she says public support seems to be waning. "When our patients started coming back they were as aggressive as usual," she said. "I told them it was useless to clap for us every evening if they're going to behave like that! People have short memories. After the Bataclan [terrorist attack], the cops were heroes; now everyone thinks they want to kill us." As this city begins to come alive again after months of social and economic coma, the sense of who is important to Paris has been reshuffled. As one researcher put it, who is most valuable to you: a top executive working from home, or the man who delivers food to your mother? And what was evident during the yellow vest protests of recent years has been brought home starkly again: the people who make Paris work - the rubbish collectors, train drivers, teachers and nurses - can't afford to live here. "We won't come out of this quite the same," believes geographer Luc Gwiazdzinski. A lot of wealthier Parisians are already thinking of moving out of the capital - as many of them did during the lockdown itself - and teleworking from homes in the countryside. That may benefit smaller provincial towns, he says, in a country where Paris dominates the French economy. But what does that mean for life in the capital itself? "Paris is like the phoenix; it will be reborn," he said. "Paris is not just an economic hub, it has a romantic, imaginary world. Its image as the capital of love, of romance hasn't been damaged. But for people living here it was a different story."

डर ऐसी चीज नहीं है जिसे 88 वर्षीय मैथिल्डे आसानी से स्वीकार कर लेती है। पेरिस में अपने स्थानीय बिस्ट्रो की छत पर बैठकर, इस सप्ताह फिर से खुलने के कुछ घंटों बाद, उसने एक फ़िज़ी ड्रिंक पी, क्योंकि सुबह की धूप ने उसके गिलास से पसीना निकाला।


Mueller report: Five looming legal battles between Congress and Trump

Summary: On 1 May the US attorney general spent five acrimonious hours in front of a congressional committee explaining his handling of the Mueller report. The intensity of some of the exchanges suggests multiple legal and political battles lie ahead between the Democrats in Congress and President Donald Trump.

Anthony ZurcherNorth America reporter@awzurcheron Twitter A day after Attorney General William Barr traded blows with senators, the stakes ramped up considerably as he refused to testify to another committee and the Democratic leadership accused him of lying under oath. Here's a look at five areas where the fighting could be the most heated - and where they could be headed. Waiting for Mueller Mr Barr's Senate testimony may have prompted as many questions as it answered, raising to a fevered pitch Democratic calls to hear from Robert Mueller himself. They want to ask him why he failed to reach a conclusion on whether the president obstructed justice, and what he thinks about the attorney general's handling of his report. They'll also want to question him about the contacts between the Trump campaign team and Russians - and how close they may have come to being a criminal conspiracy. Although Republican Senate Judiciary Chair Lindsey Graham says he has no interest in calling Mr Mueller before his committee - insisting that the matter is closed - House Democrats have other ideas. The chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, Jerrold Nadler, said negotiations are continuing over finding a date, perhaps in May, when the special counsel can testify before his committee. Mr Barr has said he has no objection to Mr Mueller making such an appearance and Trump adviser Kellyanne Conway also said that Mr Mueller - who is still, technically, a Justice Department employee - can testify. The president, on the other hand, may have different ideas. He has tweeted that Mr Mueller "should not" testify and that Democratic in Congress are looking for a "redo" after being dissatisfied with the conclusions presented in the special counsel report. Outlook: Mueller spent most of his time as special counsel shrouded in secrecy and silence. It seems unlikely, however, that he will be able to quietly disappear from the national stage. Punishing Bill Barr In a press conference on Thursday morning, Democratic Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi straight-up accused William Barr of committing a crime. She was specifically referring to the attorney general's claims, during congressional testimony in early April, that he was unaware of reports of dissatisfaction with his handling of the Mueller report expressed by members of the special counsel's office. Democrats now believe this was a lie - based on a recent revealed letter from Mr Mueller to Mr Barr complaining that the attorney general's four-page summary did not "fully capture the context, nature and substance" of his work. Mr Barr countered that his communications were with Mr Muller himself, not his team, and the dissatisfaction had to do with the media coverage of his letter, not how he relayed Mr Mueller's findings. Needless to say, Democrats aren't buying it. Then there are other reasons Democrats are angry at Mr Barr - such as his refusal to testify before the House Judiciary Committee and his decision to ignore congressional document subpoenas. What are Democrats going to do about it? Mrs Pelosi only made vague references to a "process", but they have several options if they want to punish the attorney general. The House Judiciary Committee, by a straight party-line margin, has already voted to hold Mr Barr in contempt of Congress for failing to turn over the unredacted Mueller report and supporting evidence. The measure will now move to the full House of Representatives, where if a majority approves, Mr Barr would become only the second attorney general to receive such a sanction (Eric Holder, of the Obama Administration, was the first). Congress may ask the Justice Department, which Mr Barr runs, to enforce the contempt citation, which would be an unlikely prospect. There has also been talk among Democrats of exercising the seldom-used power of "inherent contempt", which could empower the House sergeant-at-arms to arrest the attorney general - setting off an even greater crisis. The House of Representatives could also vote to formally censure the attorney general, putting a black mark on his record but not much more. Finally, they could try to impeach the attorney general and have him removed from office. The process would be similar to that for removing a US president - a majority vote in the House of Representatives followed by a trial in the US Senate requiring a two-thirds vote to "convict". Only one White House cabinet official has ever been impeached - Ulysses S Grant's Secretary of War William Belknap in 1876 - and he was ultimately acquitted of corruption charges by the Senate. Outlook: A court fight appears inevitable, but of uncertain outcome. Censorship appears pointless. Impeachment would be an uphill fight, but it could also serve as proxy battle for the impeaching Mr Trump himself, venting frustration for Democrats who are itching for a fight but wary of taking on the president directly. Subpoenas for McGahn and Trump Jr While Mr Mueller's appearance before the US Congress would be a blockbuster occasion, he's not the only individual Democrats want to question in open testimony. The special counsel's report detailed how former White House Counsel Don McGahn felt the president pressured him to fire Mr Mueller and, later, write a memo saying that Mr Trump issued no such directive. When Mr Barr was questioned about the matter by Senate Democrats, he said the president only suggested Mr Mueller be "replaced" because of a perceived conflict of interest - and then instructed Mr McGahn to write a memo to correct inaccurate media reports. Democrats, needless to say, aren't buying this, viewing the episode as one of the most obvious instances of possible obstruction of justice. Mr Nadler has issued a subpoena calling on Mr McGahn to testify before his committee on 21 May so his committee can get the former Trump aide's account directly. The White House has responded by asserting "executive privilege" - a legal concept that presidents are entitled to candid and confidential advice from their aides - to block Mr McGahn from providing requested documents to Congress. Mr Trump has said he plans to fight all the congressional subpoenas, and in an interview on Fox News, he said: "I don't think I can let him [testify]." If both sides dig in, Mr McGahn's freedom to talk to Congress could end up a matter for the courts to decide. Executive privilege is a controversial legal principle, but there are plenty of judges - and Supreme Court justices - who could be eager to see these presidential protections strengthened. Meanwhile, the Senate Intelligence Committee - chaired by Republican Richard Burr - has subpoenaed the president's eldest son, Donald Trump Jr for a second round of questioning, after his first appearance in 2017. The committee could be interested in further questioning Trump Jr on his involvement in 2016 negotiations for a Trump construction project in Moscow In a statement released to the press, an unnamed source "close to Trump Jr" called the subpoena an "obvious PR stunt" and called Mr Burr a "so-called 'Republican'". Trump Jr could ignore the request, risking a contempt of Congress citation, or refuse to testify by invoking his constitutional protection against self-incrimination. Outlook: Mr McGahn would be a blockbuster witness, but with a legal fight brewing the Mueller report may end up being his only public account. Public testimony by Trump Jr would be equally riveting, but he seems uncooperative and even less likely to appear beneath the congressional lights. An unredacted report While most of the Mueller report was made public in mid-April, there are still roughly 36 pages that the Justice Department has redacted - because of sensitive intelligence data, grand jury information, material relevant to ongoing investigations or matters concerning "peripheral third parties". Democrats in Congress want to see the entire report and have issued a subpoena - again courtesy of House Judiciary Chair Nadler - to force the Justice Department to hand it over. The White House has said the report was produced by the special counsel for the attorney general, and Congress has no right to see it in its entirety. It has subsequently claimed "executive privilege" over the report in its entirety, pending further to determine if any of the currently redacted portions of the report or its supporting documents also contain protected communications between the president and his aides. There's also an unstated concern that if the report receives wider distribution, its sensitive contests will leak to the public. Attorney General Barr said in his Senate testimony, however, that there were no significant areas of disagreement between Mr Mueller and himself over what to redact. There's no guarantee that the blacked-out portions of the report contain any new, explosive information. With contempt of Congress proceedings advancing against Mr Barr for refusing to turn over the full report, this is shaping up to be another battle between two branches of government, the executive and legislative, that will have to be decided by the third, the judiciary. Outlook: This could end up being a fierce battle over a hill that doesn't matter in the larger war. Trump's tax returns and other documents There are two separate legal battles brewing over congressional requests for Donald Trump's business records and - that holy grail for many on the left - his tax returns. A month ago, Richard Neal, the Democrat in charge of the House Ways and Means Committee, formally requested that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) provide him with copies of the president's tax returns for six years, citing a seldom-used 1924 law as authority. So far Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin, whose department oversees the IRS, has only said he's reviewing the matter. The president and his lawyers, on the other hand, have called the request improper and insisted that the IRS not comply. "The Democrats are demanding that the IRS turn over the documents, and that is not going to happen and they know it," acting White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney said a few days after the first committee request was filed. If the Treasury Department continues to drag its feet, the Democrats could start court proceedings that eventually determine the constitutionality of that old federal law and the legality of the Democratic action. Meanwhile, Mr Trump's personal lawyers have filed a flurry of lawsuits to prevent an accounting firm and two banks used by Mr Trump's businesses - Deutsche Bank and Capital One - from complying with requests by several Democratic-controlled House committees for Trump organisation financial records. Courts have previously given Congress broad subpoena powers as part of their legislative and investigatory responsibilities, but Mr Trump's lawyers are painting the move as a partisan fishing expedition that intrudes on the privacy of the president and his family. Democrats counter that a thorough inspection of Trump businesses is the only way to ensure that he doesn't have financial involvements that are illegal or make him susceptible to foreign influence. Outlook: This appears set for another long, drawn-out legal battle. Democrats could find a way to circumvent the federal government, however, if New York state - which possesses the president's state tax returns and oversees many big financial institutions - hands over what they have to Congress. Follow Anthony on Twitter

1 मई को अमेरिकी अटॉर्नी जनरल ने कांग्रेस की एक समिति के सामने पांच तीखे घंटे बिताए जिसमें उन्होंने म्यूलर रिपोर्ट को संभालने के बारे में बताया। कुछ आदान-प्रदानों की तीव्रता से पता चलता है कि कांग्रेस में डेमोक्रेट और राष्ट्रपति डोनाल्ड ट्रम्प के बीच कई कानूनी और राजनीतिक लड़ाइयां चल रही हैं।


Muse amongst acts confirmed for Twilight soundtrack

Summary: Vampire Weekend, Dead Weather, Florence And The Machine, Beck and Bat for Lashes are all confirmed for the soundtrack for new movie in the Twilight Saga: Eclipse.

Muse have contributed a new song Neutron Star Collision which will be the first single to be released from the compilation. It's no surprise as this will be the band's third musical appearance in the Twilight series. Supermassive Black Hole heavily featured in the first movie, and a remix of 'I Belong To You' made the New Moon set. Vampire Weekend, The Dead Weather have also put forward brand new tracks while Beck and Bat For Lashes have collaborated together on Let's Get Lost especially for the album. Eclipse is due out a months after the soundtrack's released in June.

ट्वाइलाइट सागाः एक्लिप्स में नई फिल्म के साउंडट्रैक के लिए वैम्पायर वीकेंड, डेड वेदर, फ्लोरेंस एंड द मशीन, बेक और बैट फॉर लैशेस सभी की पुष्टि की गई है।


Covid-19: 'Lockdown won't stop our children being exploited'

Summary: A mother has spoken of how her son disappeared after getting caught up in a "county lines" drugs trade amid threats to his life. She urges parents to look out for signs that their child could be being groomed by criminal gangs during lockdown.

Jenny, not her real name, from London, said she wished she had known what to look for, as her son got involved in "county lines" drug dealing. Her 15-year-old son started to become withdrawn from her and became moody and closed. "He had a new phone, expensive alcohol and weed and was being suspended from school," she said. "Social services became involved but he was not seen as a risk." Working every day, Jenny said it was hard to keep tabs on her son, "Then one day, he said he was going to the gym, and just disappeared," she said. "It wasn't until a good few days of him being missing that I found out from friends talking on social media that he had 'gone up country'. Jenny did some research and came across the Children's Society website which helped her realise her son was being groomed. "I realised he was being exploited. I felt guilty, that I hadn't spotted the signs", she said. "I had no idea that this existed, that people out there prey on children, gain their trust and use them to sell drugs in other parts of England." According to the Home Office, 2,000 teenagers from London have been identified as having a link to "county lines" activity. Charities are seeing a rise in cases of online exploitation and want the public to become more vigilant. The Met Police said gangs are finding new tactics during the pandemic. What are the signs? Police and children's charities say parents should look out for: Becky Fedia from The Children's Society said organised crime groups had not stopped targeting young people during lockdown. "In fact they've changed their tactics to ensure they're not detected, like putting children in taxis instead of trains when transporting drugs." She said it was also worrying that many children were missing out on contact they were previously having with teachers and social workers during lockdown. Jenny said her son was exploited by organised criminals, initially to shoplift, but later to carry drugs. He was arrested and faced trial for supplying Class A drugs. She is concerned children are more susceptible to being groomed online now more than ever. "[Parents] are working from home and thinking [their children are] probably doing online classes, but they could be on their phones, on Snapchat. "Criminals are always finding new ways to entice children, and I think social media right now is number one for that to show off what you can get if you start working for me." The Children's Society offers help and support to the parents and carers of children who have been groomed. On Monday it is partnering with British Transport Police to encourage the public to look for signs a child may be at risk of being groomed and exploited. A report by City Hall last year found gang leaders encouraged youngsters to vary dealing hours and locations in order to blend in or justify breaking restrictions if stopped. For Jenny, her relationship with her son is a "work in progress" but she says life has improved after receiving help. "He's done his exams now, got his provisional license", she said. "We managed to move and start over again. Our relationship is stronger. "A lot of parents think think that's not going to happen to their kids. But it can happen to anyone." Related Internet Links Home - The Met The Children's Society - UK children's charity

एक माँ ने बताया कि कैसे उसका बेटा अपने जीवन के लिए खतरों के बीच "काउंटी लाइन्स" नशीली दवाओं के व्यापार में फंसने के बाद गायब हो गया। वह माता-पिता से ऐसे संकेतों पर ध्यान देने का आग्रह करती है कि लॉकडाउन के दौरान उनके बच्चे को आपराधिक गिरोहों द्वारा तैयार किया जा सकता है।


Storm Freya: Wales braced as 80mph winds forecast

Summary: Wales is bracing itself for strong winds across Sunday and Monday, with gusts of up to 80mph (129km/h) expected in coastal areas.

The Met Office has issued a yellow weather warning for wind between 15:00 GMT on Sunday and 06:00 on Monday. The warning covers the whole of Wales, with the Irish Sea coast set for the worst of the winds. The Met Office has said there will be "some travel disruption and possible dangerous conditions". It added that Storm Freya could cause injuries and "danger to life" from flying debris, while damage was possible to buildings and trees. It comes less than a week after Wales basked in its warmest ever February day.

वेल्स रविवार और सोमवार को तेज हवाओं के लिए खुद को तैयार कर रहा है, तटीय क्षेत्रों में 80 मील प्रति घंटे (129 किमी/घंटा) तक के झोंकों की उम्मीद है।


Stranorlar; Driver killed in Donegal crash

Summary: A man has died following a three-vehicle crash in County Donegal, Irish police have said.

It happened at at Admiran, near Stranorlar at around 09:20 local time on Monday. The victim, who was in his 60s, was the driver of a car which was involved in a collision with two jeeps. He was taken to Letterkenny University Hospital but later died as a result of his injuries. The road has been closed and diversions are in place as investigations continue. Gardaí (Irish police) are appealing for witnesses to come forward.

आयरलैंड की पुलिस ने कहा है कि काउंटी डोनेगल में तीन वाहनों की दुर्घटना में एक व्यक्ति की मौत हो गई है।


The day Putin cried

Summary: As Russia prepares to elect Vladimir Putin for a fourth term as president on 18 March, the BBC's Gabriel Gatehouse looks back at a revealing event that took place at the start of his Kremlin career - when he was Russia's acting president, running in his first presidential election.

Russians rarely see their president cry, though there has been plenty of tragedy during his 18 years in power. It happened once, right at the start of his rule - on 24 February 2000, at the funeral of Anatoly Sobchak. Sobchak was one of the men who, alongside Gorbachev and Yeltsin, helped bring about the end of the Soviet Union. He was also the reformer who plucked a middle-ranking KGB officer by the name of Vladimir Putin from obscurity and gave him his first job in politics. No-one really knows what drove him to make that fateful decision. But today, factions from the old Soviet security establishment have taken hold of the levers of power in Russia to such an extent as to make it a democracy hardly worth the name. There are eight candidates running in this latest election, but Putin is known as the "main candidate", and the outcome is not in any doubt. One rival candidate calls it a "fake election". "Just like in a casino," she told me, "where the house always wins, in Russian democracy, the win is always on Putin's side." Her name - wait for it - is Ksenia Sobchak, and she is the daughter of Anatoly, Putin's old friend and mentor. Find out more Ksenia, as she is often known, is 36 years old, a former reality TV presenter-turned-opposition-journalist. Supporters of Alexei Navalny, the quote-unquote "real" opposition candidate, who's been barred from standing, say she is a Kremlin stooge - an old family friend drafted in by Putin to lend the election an air of credibility. Certainly, she would not be running without the tacit permission of the authorities. That's how Russian democracy works. But the men in grey suits who run the Kremlin may be regretting their decision. Ksenia is touring TV studios naming corrupt cronies around Putin and calling the annexation of Crimea illegal. If, as she maintains, she is running not to win but to be heard, then she is certainly breaking some taboos. So what on Earth is going on? Let's leave the daughter for a moment and go back to the father. He was mayor of St Petersburg. Putin was his deputy. The two were so close that when Sobchak senior was accused of corruption, Putin helped spirit him out of the country on a specially chartered aeroplane. That was in the 1990s. Remember those days? Russia was in chaos. Its president, Boris Yeltsin, was frequently drunk and barely functioning. The men in grey suits in the Kremlin thought they'd found just the solution - another grey man, a blank slate, from which to build the ideal antidote to Yeltsin. They began grooming Putin as his successor. Then, suddenly, just as Putin was running for president for the first time, his old friend Anatoly Sobchak died, at the age of 62, in a hotel room in Kaliningrad. The autopsy said it was cardiac arrest but can't find any trace of a heart attack. Sobchak's widow suspected foul play and had her own autopsy done. Her name is Lyudmila Narusova. I met her recently and asked her if she thought her husband had been murdered. She paused long enough to say "Yes" 10 times over, and then replied: "I don't know." Some have suggested Putin may have had a hand in his death. Did Sobchak have something on him? Narusova dismissed that idea out of hand I went back and looked at the footage of the funeral. Putin really is distraught. His eyes are red, he seems to struggle to swallow as he embraces Lyudmila Narusova. Putin is not an actor. Nor is he prone to public displays of emotion. So it's reasonable to assume that he is struggling with some genuine grief. Or is it something else. Guilt? "There were people who were manoeuvring Putin into power," Narusova told me. She's right. Back then, Putin was a vehicle to power for various factions inside the Kremlin. To some extent he still is. If Sobchak was murdered, was it by one of those factions who feared his mentor's hold over him? Maybe. And if so, did the old KGB officer realise his old friend died in the furtherance of Project Putin. It's only a suspicion, but I'm beginning to think so. I asked Narusova about that autopsy she had done. It turns out she never made the results public, but keeps the documents locked in a safe in a secret location outside Russia. When I asked her why, she didn't want to talk about it. I pressed her. I said, "It sounds like you've got yourself some kind of insurance policy." "You could see it that way," she responded. "Are you afraid," I asked, "for your own safety or that of your daughter?" She paused for a moment. "You know," she said, "to live in this country is scary. Especially for those who hold opposition views. So yes, I am afraid. I am…" Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter

जैसा कि रूस 18 मार्च को राष्ट्रपति के रूप में चौथे कार्यकाल के लिए व्लादिमीर पुतिन को चुनने की तैयारी कर रहा है, बीबीसी का गैब्रियल गेटहाउस एक खुलासा करने वाली घटना को देखता है जो उनके क्रेमलिन करियर की शुरुआत में हुई थी-जब वे रूस के कार्यवाहक राष्ट्रपति थे, जो अपने पहले राष्ट्रपति चुनाव में भाग ले रहे थे।


Dounreay contractor NDSL taken over by Grupo Dominguis

Summary: A Caithness-based firm involved in decommissioning Dounreay has been taken over by Spanish nuclear industry company Grupo Dominguis (GD).

NDSL was started in 2001 and has 120 employees. Ninety of its workforce are contractors at Dounreay, an experimental nuclear power site on the Caithness coast. NDSL managing director, Bertie Williams, said staff would see "little change" following what he described as a "friendly takeover".

डौनरे को निष्क्रिय करने में शामिल एक कैथनेस-आधारित फर्म को स्पेनिश परमाणु उद्योग कंपनी ग्रुपो डोमिंगुइस (जी. डी.) द्वारा ले लिया गया है।


Q&A: Brazil's 'big monthly' corruption trial

Summary: Dozens of defendants went on trial at the Brazilian Supreme Court on 2 August 2012 in what was billed as one of the biggest political corruption scandals in the country's recent history.

The judges considered allegations that, between 2003 and 2005, politicians and officials diverted public funds to buy political support for the government of the then President, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. The scheme became known as "mensalao" or the "big monthly" allowance. Some 25 defendants were convicted, among them former senior members of the governing Workers Party (PT). The first arrests happened nearly a year later, between 15 and 16 November 2013.

2 अगस्त 2012 को ब्राजील के सर्वोच्च न्यायालय में दर्जनों प्रतिवादियों पर मुकदमा चलाया गया, जिसे देश के हाल के इतिहास में सबसे बड़े राजनीतिक भ्रष्टाचार घोटालों में से एक माना गया।


The Islamic State group's influence in Indonesia

Summary: The threat to Indonesia from militant groups is likely to remain active and high for the forseeable future, though recent attacks by supporters of the so-called Islamic State (IS) group show that their capacity for violence remains limited for now.

Four of the eight casualties in the Jakarta terror attack in January were the attackers themselves, and a suicide bomber in Surakarta on 5 July succeeded only in killing himself and injuring one police officer. This is quite a contrast with more devastating previous incidents, the worst of which were the Bali bombings in 2002, which killed more than 200 people. Support at home and abroad But regional authorities and terror experts believe IS has galvanised militancy in Indonesia again after a largely successful crackdown on terror networks there in recent years. Between 300 and 700 Indonesians are believed to have joined the group in Syria and Iraq over the past two years. In Hasakah province, Syria, they have combined with fighters from Malaysia to form their own unit, Majmu'ah al-Arkhabiliy, also known as Katibah Nusantara Daulah Islamiyah. IS has also stepped up its propaganda efforts targeting the South-East Asian region in recent months. Indonesians have appeared in two of its latest videos, threatening governments and police, and urging supporters to carry out attacks where they are if they cannot travel to the Middle East. Up to 30 Indonesian groups have pledged allegiance to IS and some have voiced ambitions to establish an official IS province in South-East Asia. While many top militant leaders have been either killed or captured, IS-inspired cells exist and are a continuing threat, influenced by leaders both at home and abroad. The Jakarta attackers are believed to have been directed by Indonesians based with IS in the Middle East, particularly one Bahrun Naim, as well as jailed local cleric Aman Abdurrahman, who is believed to lead a group called Jamaah Anshar Khilafah (JAK) from prison. The man who carried out the Surakarta bombing, Nur Rohman, is also believed to be a JAK member and to have links to Naim. Competition may drive attacks The Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict (IPAC) issued a report earlier this year saying that competition between the leaders of local groups and Katibah Nusantara is likely to lead to further attacks. In addition, al-Qaeda is likely to have a continuing interest in Indonesia as well. The Jakarta attacks were claimed by IS but also preceded by a message from al-Qaeda specifically targeting Indonesians. Jemaah Islamiyah (JI), the al-Qaeda-inspired group responsible for previous attacks has largely splintered, and its jailed leader Abu Bakar Bashir rowed back on a previous pledge of allegiance to IS. But it is believed to have been actively recruiting again. Membership is thought to be back up to about 2,000 - the level it was at before the Bali bombings - according to IPAC's director, Sidney Jones. Reforms required The authorities have imprisoned some 800 militants and killed more than 100 since the Bali bombings. But it has not had a great amount of success reforming them. Hundreds of militants - some with significant battlefield experience - are due to be released from prison in the coming years, and they may bolster the current ranks of jihadists. Taufik Andrie, the executive director of Yayasan Prasasti Perdamaian, an institute that helps paroled militants, estimates that some 40% of 400 militants released as of December, for example, have returned to their radical network. Security analysts have also questioned the authorities' ability to curb the influence of jailed jihadist leaders and the support that mosques and Islamic schools might provide to militants. Indonesia is also attempting to tighten its anti-terrorism laws: to more clearly define terrorism and make it illegal to join militant groups like IS, enable police to detain people who support terrorist groups, and to enable them to hold terror suspects for longer periods - all issues that police say are hampering their jobs at the moment. BBC Monitoring reports and analyses news from TV, radio, web and print media around the world. You can follow BBC Monitoring on Twitter and Facebook.

आतंकवादी समूहों से इंडोनेशिया के लिए खतरा भविष्य के लिए सक्रिय और उच्च बने रहने की संभावना है, हालांकि तथाकथित इस्लामिक स्टेट (आईएस) समूह के समर्थकों द्वारा हाल के हमलों से पता चलता है कि हिंसा के लिए उनकी क्षमता अभी तक सीमित है।


Why did LOL infiltrate the language?

Summary: The internet slang term "LOL" (laughing out loud) has been added to the Oxford English Dictionary, to the mild dismay of language purists. But where did the term originate? And is it really a threat to our lexicon?

By James MorganBBC News "OMG! LOL's in the OED. LMAO!" If you find the above string of letters utterly unintelligible, you are clearly an internet "noob". Let me start again. Golly gosh! The popular initialism LOL (laughing out loud) has been inducted into the canon of the English language, the Oxford English Dictionary. Blimey! What is going on? The OED defines LOL as an interjection "used chiefly in electronic communications... to draw attention to a joke or humorous statement, or to express amusement". It is both "LOL" where all the letters are pronounced separately, but also commonly "lol" where it is pronounced as a word. The phrase was ushered in alongside OMG (Oh My God), with dictionary guardians pointing to their growing occurrence "in e-mails, texts, social networking... and even in spoken use". As well as school playgrounds, words like "lolz" and "lolling" can be heard in pubs and offices - though often sarcastically, or in parody. Love it or loathe it, "lol" is now a legitimate word in our lexicon, says Graeme Diamond, the OED's principal editor for new words. "The word is common, widespread, and people understand it," he explains. The word serves a real purpose - it conveys tone in text, something that even the most cynical critics accept. "I don't 'LOL'. I'm basically someone who kind of hates it," says Rob Manuel of the internet humour site b3ta. "But the truth is, we do need emotional signifiers in tweets and emails, just as conversation has laughter. 'LOL' might make me look like a twit, but at least you know when I'm being arch." Death of the dictionary But for young internet entrepreneurs like Ben Huh, of the Cheezburger Network of comedy sites, "LOL" is much more than a necessary evil. It's both a tool and a toy. "'LOL' is a part of everyday life. I use it all the time in e-mail exchanges. It's a polite way of acknowledging someone," he says. "And yes, I do say 'LOL' out loud. In almost an ironic sense, like a slow handclap after a bad joke. 'Lol' means 'yes, I understand that was funny, but I'm not really laughing'." But no matter how much irony we cake it in, the L-word grinds the ears of many people over the age of 25. "The death of the dictionary" is how one blogger greeted its induction to the bastion of English. While on Facebook, there are at least half a dozen "anti-LOL" groups, where lol-ophobes dream of loll-ageddon: "If something is funny, 'ha', 'hehehehe', or 'hee hee' is perfectly fine depending on the joke, and more descriptive than 'lol'," writes one hater. Another complains that lol "doesn't sound anything like laughter. In fact you physically CAN'T say it while smiling. I'm all for bastardisation of the language, but with lol, that thing you thought was rubbish really is rubbish". Wags point out that "LOL" is almost always disingenuous. "How many people are actually laughing out loud when they say LOL?" asks David Crystal, author of Language and the Internet. But those laughing least of all are the language purists, who lament "LOL" as a hallmark of creeping illiteracy. "There is a worrying trend of adults mimicking teen-speak," says Marie Clair of the Plain English Campaign, in the Daily Mail. "They [adults] are using slang words and ignoring grammar. Their language is deteriorating." But is "LOL" really a lazy, childish concoction? When the OED traced the origins of the acronym, they discovered 1980s computer fanatics were responsible. The oldest written records of "LOL" (used to mean laughing out loud) are in the archives of Usenet, an early internet discussion forum. And the original use was typed by Wayne Pearson, in Calgary, who says he wrote the first ever LOL in reply to a gag by someone called "Sprout". "LOL" was "geek-speak that filtered through to the mainstream", says Manuel. "I first saw it in the 1990s - at the end of emails. Then it got picked up by the young kids. Then it went naff. But it came back ironically - with people saying things like 'megalolz'." Grandparents, for example, often adopt "LOL" as one of their first "internet words", says Huh. "'LOL' and 'OMG' are like momma and dada." But many mistake "LOL" for "lots of love", leading to some unintended "LOLs", such as the infamous tale of the mother who wrote: "Your grandmother has just passed away. LOL." It has also lent its name to some wildly popular internet crazes, like Lolcats, whose appeal spread far beyond the realms of cyber-geeks. More than funny So why has "LOL", above all other web phrases, become such a phenomenon? Because it's simple and multipurpose, says Tim Hwang, founder of ROFLCon, a whole festival dedicated to "internet awesome". "The magic of LOL is that it's both exclusive and inclusive," he says. "On one level, it's simple to understand. "But it also conveys something subtle - depending on the situation. It means more than just 'funny'. For example, if I had my bike stolen, my friend might reply 'LOL'. It helps overcome an awkward moment." For school kids, acronyms like "LOL" and "KMT" (kiss my teeth) are a kind of secret code, a badge of belonging, says Tony Thorne, author of the Dictionary of Contemporary Slang. "I go into schools and record slang words - all the new terms kids are saying - words like 'lolcano'. And if you talk to kids they will say this is our language - this is what identifies us." But aren't these slang words also harmful to children's vocabulary? Not at all, says Thorne. "Government educationalists get all worked up about words like LOL - they see them as substandard and unorthodox. "But the small amount of research on this issue shows that kids who use slang abbreviations are the more articulate ones. It's called code switching." If we have a literacy crisis, it's among adults as well as children, says Thorne. And slang is not the culprit. In fact, it is enriching the language. Diamond agrees: "There will always be a minority who want the English language to remain as a frozen beast, that doesn't admit changes," he says. "But language is a vibrant, evolving animal."

भाषा शुद्धतावादियों की हल्की निराशा के लिए ऑक्सफोर्ड इंग्लिश डिक्शनरी में इंटरनेट पर अपशब्दों "एलओएल" (जोर से हंसना) को जोड़ा गया है। लेकिन इस शब्द की उत्पत्ति कहाँ से हुई? और क्या यह वास्तव में हमारे शब्दकोश के लिए खतरा है?


Coronavirus lockdown: Whitley Bay pebble stacks 'transform beach'

Summary: Dozens of stacks of pebbles have been built on a beach by people doing their daily exercise during the coronavirus lockdown.

Press Association photographer Owen Humphreys has been taking pictures as the towers on the beach at Whitley Bay in North Tyneside have been added to. "While people are taking their daily lockdown exercise, they have kept adding pebble sculptures transforming the beach," he said. All pictures are subject to copyright.

कोरोनावायरस लॉकडाउन के दौरान अपना दैनिक व्यायाम करने वाले लोगों द्वारा समुद्र तट पर कंकड़ के दर्जनों ढेर बनाए गए हैं।


What Indians have done to world cuisine

Summary: About 75km (47 miles) northeast of Mumbai, along India's first access-controlled expressway, there is a slightly grubby food court that offers a Mexican dosa, a Russian-salad dosa and a Schezwan dosa.

By Samar Halarnkar Bangalore Packed with families from a middle class that has, roughly after the turn of the century, fallen in love with the automobile and the open road, the expressway food plaza hints at the restless energy of emerging India - a constant search for new destinations and experiences. The dosa, a popular rice pancake, usually crispy brown on one side, white on the other, is itself a traveller. This is the fourth article in a BBC series India on a plate, on the diversity and vibrancy of Indian food. Other stories in the series: The story of the samosa Cooking the world's oldest-known curry Why India is a nation of foodies It originated in south India but with growing internal migration, is now known nationwide. India's great restlessness has forced the birth of hundreds of dosa varieties, more than this article can record. The Schezwan saga Of these, few dosas signify the modern middle-class Indian's food choices and the national proclivity to marry culinary cultures - although the Chinese, if they knew, might instantly request a divorce - than the "Schezwan dosa". Relations between the world's two most populous countries are scrappy at the best of times, and the most generous way to describe Indian-Chinese relations would be suspicious incomprehension. Yet, the ubiquitous presence of the Schezwan dosa across India reveals an aspect of Chinese culture that Indians have enthusiastically adopted, albeit in a form no self-respecting Chinese would recognise, such as the word "Schezwan". "Schezwan" is a corruption of "Sichuan", a Chinese province that lends its name to a style of cooking known for the use of hot peppers - or chillies, as we call them. Indians take enthusiastically to any cuisine that uses chillies, and in our restless search for new flavours - especially after a tide of growth, sparked by economic reforms in the 1990s - a home-grown, bright-orange "Schezwan (also spelt Shezuan)" sauce seeped rapidly into not just Indian street food but posh restaurants and home kitchens. No one really knows how Schezwan sauce and the dosa met, but of that meeting there are myriad manifestations, such as the Schezwan butter dosa, the Schezwan masala dosa, and the Schezwan noodle dosa. In the expanding universe of the Schezwan dosa, nothing is as bizarre - and popular - as the Schezwan chopsuey dosa. It incorporates all the ingredients I mentioned and then some: a dosa stuffed with butter, spicy vegetables and noodles, tossed in a sweet-sharp Schezuan sauce. "Take the typical potato stuffing out of the masala dosa and replace it with a tongue-tickling Schezuan chopsuey," writes food diva for the middle-class, Tarla Dalal, on her website, "and there you have a unique snack that is both filling and tasty. With noodles and colourful veggies, this dosa's stuffing is quite sumptuous (sic) too." Items from an Indian-Chinese menu As you travel across India, you will also find (on the western, or Konkan, coast) Konkan-Chinese with a preponderance of coconut; Telugu-Chinese which is laced with super-spicy chillies from the southeast; and paneer (or cottage-cheese) heavy Sino-Ludhianvi. Food writer Vir Sanghi says that no one from China would recognise any of these culinary digressions as Chinese, but he offers this justification: "No Indian would eat the so-called Balti rubbish that British call Indian food in the Midlands." Spice imperative Chinese cuisine - or, a vague idea of it - may top the food-fusion list of Indians, but as incomes, enthusiasm and the desire to experiment grow, no national culinary tradition that is strong on spice is safe. In a country where those who suspect even a hint of blandness in food call for raw green chillies as compensation - hard as it might be to conceive today, Indians never knew of the chilly until the Portuguese ferried it over during the 16th Century - cuisines that use strong spices are favoured but not necessarily. So, Indians are latching on to Thai, Mexican, Indonesian, Malay and Italian food, the last being a particularly good example of how cuisines that appear inherently alien are forcibly subsumed. Multinational food chains know better than to ignore the spice imperative. So McDonald's has a best-selling, spiced vegetarian Mac Aloo Tikki (potato patty) burger, Pizza Hut offers a "curry crust" flavoured with coriander, cardamom and fenugreek and Dominos has a "southern chilly chicken" topping. Newer, wilder interpretations of foreign fusions include spiced chicken tikkas wrapped in tortillas (with tandoori salad and garlic aioli), samosas - savoury puffs - stuffed with pizza, and Punjabi butter chicken gravy stuffed into a bao, a Chinese steamed bun. The extent of experimentation appears to - anecdotally - correlate with disposable income. The rich may enjoy those fancy tortillas and baos, but the middle-classes are still content with the wonders of the Schezwan dosa. The poor may appear to have few choices, but street carts with cheap "gobhi (cauliflower) manchurian" proliferate in the dustiest small towns. When they do trade cycles for scooters, the first thing they will do is ride out for a Schezwan dosa. Samar Halarnkar is the editor of Indiaspend.org and a food writer who runs the blog marriedmaninthekitchen.tumblr.com.

मुंबई से लगभग 75 किमी (47 मील) उत्तर-पूर्व में, भारत के पहले पहुंच-नियंत्रित एक्सप्रेसवे के साथ, एक थोड़ा खराब फूड कोर्ट है जो एक मैक्सिकन डोसा, एक रूसी-सलाद डोसा और एक शेज़वान डोसा प्रदान करता है।


WW1: Survivors recall Hartlepool naval bombardment

Summary: On the morning of 16 December 1914, the shipping town of Hartlepool in north-east England was bombarded by the German Navy during its first attack on the UK's home front during World War One.

During the 40-minute attack, 1,150 shells were fired, devastating large areas of the town. It left 130 people dead and hundreds more injured. On the 100th anniversary, listen to archive recordings of survivors recalling the attack. All images courtesy of Hartlepool Culture and Information. Audio courtesy of Teesside Archives and BBC Tees. Related: Hartlepool Bombardment: How it unfolded on 16 December 1914 You may also like: When the Germans bombarded Hartlepool Britannia 'did not rule the waves' BBC World War One

16 दिसंबर 1914 की सुबह, प्रथम विश्व युद्ध के दौरान ब्रिटेन के घरेलू मोर्चे पर अपने पहले हमले के दौरान जर्मन नौसेना ने उत्तर-पूर्व इंग्लैंड के जहाजरानी शहर हार्टलपूल पर बमबारी की थी।


Northern Ireland unemployment hits another record low

Summary: The Northern Ireland unemployment rate has hit another record low.

By John CampbellBBC News NI Economics & Business Editor In the three months between May and July 2019 it was just 2.8% compared to to a UK rate of 3.8%. Meanwhile, the employment rate was recorded as 72%, which is the second highest on record. This is a measurement of the percentage of working-age adults who are in employment and compares to the recession when the employment rate in Northern Ireland dropped to 64%. The UK employment rate is 76.1% - its joint highest on record. Northern Ireland's economic inactivity rate is also continuing to show improvement. Economic inactivity is a measurement of those people who are not in work and not looking for work - that includes students, retired people and sick or disabled people. Northern Ireland has an inactivity rate that is significantly and persistently higher than the UK rate. The latest figures show the inactivity rate has fallen by 1.3 percentage points during the year to 25.8% - which is one of the lowest rates on record. However it is still the highest of the 12 UK regions. The Northern Ireland Statistics Agency (Nisra) says the strong job market has had a notable impact on inactivity and long-term unemployment. "The number of people aged 16 and over who have been unemployed for one year or more is approximately half the level estimated this time last year, while the number of economically inactive has decreased by 15,000," said a Nisra spokesman. "The continued improvements in the Northern Ireland labour market are consistent with the UK experience. "It is worth noting, while the Northern Ireland unemployment rate is the joint second lowest of all the UK regions, NI has the second lowest employment rate and highest inactivity rate." Recession warning Meanwhile, professional services firm EY has cut expectations for economic growth next year in Northern Ireland and warned a no-deal Brexit scenario would push the local economy into recession. Its forecast has been revised down from 1.2% to 1.1% growth next year, based on the assumption of an "orderly" Brexit. But in a no-deal scenario, it suggests the Northern Ireland economy would contract by 0.6%. EY also said a no-deal Brexit would result in 60,300 fewer jobs across the island by 2022; 41,500 fewer in the Republic of Ireland and 18,800 fewer in Northern Ireland. Prof Neil Gibson, chief economist at EY Ireland said: "A no-deal Brexit has the potential to push Northern Ireland into recession and to lead to a contraction in the labour market, which so far has consistently proven wrong some of our gloomier predictions. "Although estimates of a no-deal impact vary considerably, they all suggest there will be a cost in the form of disruption across the island," he added. The report said that in the event of a "difficult" Brexit, there would be jobs lost, but added these were unlikely to be in the locations or with the skills profiles that are in demand from employers for whom Brexit is not a major consideration.

उत्तरी आयरलैंड में बेरोजगारी दर एक और रिकॉर्ड निचले स्तर पर पहुंच गई है।


Home care: MS patient calls for carers to be 'valued, rewarded and respected'

Summary: A man with multiple sclerosis (MS) who requires almost 24-hour care has said he "can't exist" without the help of care assistants and has called for them to be given more reward for their work.

Martin Harney said he was finding it increasingly difficult to find carers as those who do the job are leaving the profession due to low pay. He said carers' 15-minute home calls were putting pressure on them and him. Independent care providers have warned that they are struggling to cope. Rising costs, including the recently introduced National Living Wage, means some companies are struggling to stay afloat, the Independent Health and Care Providers has said. Respect Northern Ireland's health trusts pay the care provider companies an average of £12 an hour. From that, the providers pay carers' wages and other costs, such as national insurance, pension contributions and petrol allowance. But Mr Harney said he did not believe a value could be put on the care he receives. "It's my life. I can't exist without it. I need people with me all the time," he said. "At the minute I'm finding it very hard to find carers because those who wanted to do the job were not getting the respect and pay the needed. "The carer people don't get the satisfaction or the reward that they deserve." Tough He receives 15-minute visits from his carers, and during that time they have to wash, dress and feed him, as well as give him medication. He said that is not enough time those tasks to be carried out. Charlene McCoy, who is Mr Harney's care assistant, said that while she loves her job it can be "extremely tough". "The fact you have to try and squeeze so many duties to be able to give the right level of care at all times to that client within 15 minutes is extremely difficult," Ms McCoy said. "I'm committed to my clients, I like to speak to them on a personal, human level rather than rush in and out of calls." Commitments She said that she wants to remain in the job but the level of pay she receives leaves her in a difficult position. "Unfortunately, the minimum wage attachment to this just does not place the value that I have personally to the role," she said. "I have personal financial commitments to keep up. "If we don't raise the wage for this, the likes of myself will be forced to look elsewhere. "People have to leave a career that they are so passionate about just so they can continue to look after themselves."

मल्टीपल स्क्लेरोसिस (एम. एस.) से पीड़ित एक व्यक्ति, जिसे लगभग 24 घंटे की देखभाल की आवश्यकता होती है, ने कहा है कि वह देखभाल सहायकों की मदद के बिना "मौजूद नहीं रह सकता" और उन्हें उनके काम के लिए अधिक पुरस्कार दिए जाने का आह्वान किया है।


Charity calls for compulsory dog micro chipping

Summary: The introduction of compulsory dog micro chipping has been called for by the Guernsey Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (GSPCA).

The move comes after it was announced that every dog owner in England would have to microchip their animal by 2016. The GSPCA deals with about 200 stray dogs every year and about 45% have micro chips. UK Government figures show more than 100,000 dogs are dumped, stray or lost each year at a cost of £57m. Steve Byrne, manager at the GSPCA, said the charity has been "encouraging dog owners to get their animals micro chipped for nearly two decades". People who own dogs in Guernsey over the age of six months have to pay a £10 dog tax, which is required annually.

ग्वेर्नसे सोसाइटी फॉर प्रिवेंशन ऑफ क्रुएल्टी टू एनिमल्स (जी. एस. पी. सी. ए.) द्वारा अनिवार्य डॉग माइक्रो चिप्पिंग की शुरुआत का आह्वान किया गया है।


Four Marines and sailor killed in shooting attacks remembered by families

Summary: A gunman killed four Marines in Chattanooga, Tennessee, in front of military recruitment centres on Thursday. Three of the men had done numerous tours serving the US across the globe while another was just getting started with his career in the military. On Saturday, a sailor who was seriously injured in the shootings died in hospital. Here is what we know about the five victims.

Gunney Sgt Thomas J Sullivan Sullivan grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts, and served two tours in Iraq, earning a Purple Heart. Mayor of Springfield Dominic Sarno said in a statement that Sullivan's death is "a tragic loss not just for the Springfield community but for our entire nation". He was enlisted in the military for nearly 18 years. Tributes poured in for Sullivan, 40, on the Facebook page for Massachusetts eatery Nathan Bill's Bar and Restaurant, of which Sullivan's brother Joe is a part owner. "He was our hero and he will never be forgotten. Please keep his family and friends in your thoughts and prayers. Thank you Tommy for protecting us," one post read. Lance Cpl Squire K "Skip" Wells Wells grew up in Georgia an graduated high school in 2012. The 21-year-old had been enrolled as a student at Georgia Southern University in 2013, but ultimately dropped out to enter the Marine Corps. He enlisted in 2014 and was a field artillery cannoneer. The university said in a statement: "The community is saddened by the news that former student and Marine Skip Wells was killed yesterday in the Chattanooga tragedy along with three fellow Marines... The Eagle Nation offers our deepest condolences to his family and the families of those killed and wounded during this incident." He had recently left home for a three-week commitment in Chattanooga. His family friend Andy Kingery told the AP Wells "died doing what he wanted to do and had chosen to do." Caroline Dove, his girlfriend, was texting him the day of the shooting. She had just booked a trip to Chattanooga to see him. He texted her "ACTIVE SHOOTER" and it was the last she heard from him. The two met at Georgia Southern University. He dreamed of being a drill sergeant, Ms Dove said. Staff Sgt David A Wyatt Wyatt was a Burke County, North Carolina resident who served in both Iraq and Afghanistan, serving as a Marine for more than 11 years. He enlisted in 2004 and was deployed three times. He was married with two children. Neighbours packed his home on Thursday to pay their respects, The Tennessean reports. Family members posted on Facebook that there was "no sleep tonight" following the attacks. Tony Ward, who was Wyatt's Boy Scouts supervisor when he was in high school in Russellville, Arkansas, said Wyatt enjoyed life, was a "hard charger" and that he cared deeply about his job and his colleagues serving with him. "He's the kind of man that this country needs more of," Ward said. Sgt Carson A Holmquist Carson hailed from Grantsburg, Wisconsin and served in Afghanistan. He was very proud to be a Marine, even visiting his high school after boot camp wearing his "formal blues". His high school principal Josh Watt described him as a strong football player and someone who loved to hunt and fish. Holmquist enlisted in the military in January 2009 and had been serving as an automotive maintenance technician, completing two deployments in Afghanistan. "It's a very tough day in Grantsburg," Watt said. Reached by phone by the AP, Holmquist's father and grandfather said they were not ready to talk yet. Navy Petty Officer 2nd Class Randal Smith In a brief statement on Saturday, the Navy said a petty officer died from his wounds overnight. It did not identify the sailor, but he was later named by his family members. Smith - from Paulding, Ohio - leaves behind a wife and three daughters. "It's hard to understand how somebody can hurt somebody that's serving for you, for your freedom, for you safety," his step-grandmother Darlene Proxmire told WANE television. Smith joined the service after attending college in Ohio, his grandmother Linda Wallace told the Associated Press news agency. He had reportedly recently re-enlisted and was transferred to Chattanooga.

एक बंदूकधारी ने गुरुवार को टेनेसी के चट्टानूगा में सैन्य भर्ती केंद्रों के सामने चार नौसैनिकों की हत्या कर दी। तीन लोगों ने दुनिया भर में अमेरिका की सेवा करने के लिए कई दौरे किए थे, जबकि एक अन्य ने अभी-अभी सेना में अपना करियर शुरू किया था। शनिवार को, गोलीबारी में गंभीर रूप से घायल एक नाविक की अस्पताल में मृत्यु हो गई। यहाँ हम पाँच पीड़ितों के बारे में क्या जानते हैं।


Lock out: The Austrian hotel that was hacked four times

Summary: The internet of things (IoT) promises many advantages - smart cities with integrated transport systems, for instance - but it comes with a significantly increased cybersecurity risk. So how should we be tackling this new threat?

By Padraig BeltonTechnology of Business reporter Christoph Brandstatter is managing director of the four-star Seehotel, Jagerwirt, in Austria's Alps. His hotel's electronic door locks and other systems were hacked for ransom four times, between December 2016 and January 2017. "We got a ransomware mail which was hidden in a bill from Telekom Austria," says Mr Brandstatter. His hotel's door keys became unusable after he clicked on a link to his bill. So was his hard drive. "Actually, as a small business you do not really think that anybody's interested in you for hacking, so we had no plan what to do," he recalls. He paid a ransom of two bitcoins, saying "at that time it was about €1,600 (£1,406: $1,882)". He has now installed firewalls and new antivirus software, and has trained his staff to recognise phishing emails that may seem genuine but actually contain malware. And he's moved back to traditional metal keys. "We've got good feedback about the old-fashioned keys," he says. "It gives guests a homely feeling." On 5 December 2017, Mr Brandstatter received an email from Austrian police telling him his passwords had been found on a computer in the south of England. This is the new threat presented by the internet of things - the growing number of devices connected to the internet, from keycard locking systems to coffee makers, security cameras to wi-fi routers. Around 21 billion of these so-called "smart devices" will be in use by 2020, up from 6.4 billion in 2016, research firm Gartner believes. These days, you can even get hacked through your fish tank. A US casino's smart fish tank that could regulate its own salinity, temperature, and feeding schedules, was hacked earlier this year and used to gain access to the firm's wider network. The hackers were able to steal 10 gigabytes of data from the casino's computers and store it on a device in Finland. "It was a different type of attack, much more targeted and much more insidious, managing to break into an organisation and then move laterally," says Mike Lloyd, chief technology officer at Silicon Valley cybersecurity firm RedSeal. Following the Mirai hack attack in 2016, we know how easy it is for hackers to gain control of computer networks through insecure devices and then use these "botnets" to launch attacks. Cybergangs can hire these botnets to send spam or carry out massive DDoS [distributed denial of service] attacks that knock servers offline. Meanwhile, "we're starting to see attacks focusing on compromising the integrity of data", says Jason Hart, chief technology officer for Dutch digital security firm Gemalto. Hackers leave the data in place, but subtly change it, seducing a company into making a poor decision that benefits a competitor, or causes its share price to fall. So what's to be done? Conventional cyber-security software spots about 80% of attacks by learning and then recognising the unique signatures of each piece of malware that comes on to the market. But with millions being created every week, keeping abreast of them is nigh impossible - lots slip through the net. So cybersecurity companies have been developing a different approach, one that monitors the behaviour of the computer network and tries to spot dodgy behaviour. For example, Eli David, co-founder of Tel-Aviv-based cybersecurity firm Deep Instinct, says his firm can spot 99% of IoT attacks. Mr David, is a former university lecturer and an expert in deep learning, a branch of artificial intelligence. In brief, machine learning algorithms monitor a network's "normal" activity - learning the usual patterns of behaviour of all the connected devices on that network. Once it has built up a picture of what is usual, it can then spot the unusual far more easily. "Deep learning just looks at the raw binary [the patterns of zeros and ones]," he says, "so we don't care whether a file is from Windows, PowerPoint, or Android." This real time behavioural monitoring requires speedy computing, so Deep Instinct uses powerful graphics processors made by Nvidia. "The only thing that comes out of the lab is a small, pre-trained brain that is a deep learning model of about 10-20 megabytes," he says, "and this is the only thing we put on the devices." More Technology of Business But there are downsides, RedSeal's Mike Lloyd admits. With deep learning algorithms it's often impossible to understand the basis on which they made a decision to flag up strange behaviour on the network. Sometimes perfectly innocent behaviour is identified as dubious. And if the network behaviour changes legitimately, it can take a while for the algorithm to adapt to the "new normal", he says. Companies like Aruba Networks, Vectra Networks and Alien Vault adopt this kind of automated monitoring approach. Another company, Darktrace claims that its machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms create an "immune system" that enables the network to fight back against intruders. Another challenge is simply finding out all the devices that are connecting to your network. BeyondTrust makes detectors that scan wireless frequencies, while specialist search engines like Shodan.io can find them through the internet. And there are plenty of cyber-security companies, such as SolarWinds, offering device detection software. The problem with IoT devices is that we often have to rely on the manufacturers to provide security updates. And they often can't be bothered. So bodies, like the European Commission, are exploring the introduction of minimum smart device security standards. "We need a regulatory Kitemark - we have it for cars and batteries," says Rik Ferguson, vice president of cybersecurity firm Trend Micro. "The European Commission is looking at this very carefully," says Raphael Crouan, secretary of the EC's Alliance for Internet of Things Innovation. "It's always a question for regulatory bodies, not wanting to limit innovation," he says. Regulation and legislation always seem to play catch-up with technology. Dave Palmer, technology director at UK threat intelligence firm Darktrace, says: "I think in five years we'll suddenly get secure products because people will throw away their first smart televisions and video conferencing units - it's a natural cycle." Until then, the hackers could have a field day.

इंटरनेट ऑफ थिंग्स (आई. ओ. टी.) कई लाभों का वादा करता है-उदाहरण के लिए, एकीकृत परिवहन प्रणालियों के साथ स्मार्ट शहर-लेकिन यह साइबर सुरक्षा जोखिम में काफी वृद्धि के साथ आता है। तो हमें इस नए खतरे से कैसे निपटना चाहिए?


State of the Union: How Obama changed over six speeches

Summary: Exactly six years after his inauguration, President Barack Obama offers Congress and the nation another State of the Union address. A look at these annual speeches reveals the rising and falling fortunes of the president's tumultuous time in office.

By Anthony ZurcherBBC News, Washington As Mario Cuomo, the two-term governor of New York who died earlier this month, once said: "You campaign in poetry. You govern in prose." If so, Mr Obama's 20 January, 2009, inaugural address was the final speech of the historic 2008 presidential campaign, emphasising hope and opportunity over specific policy goals. "On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord," Mr Obama said from the steps of the US Capitol. "On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn-out dogmas that for far too long have strangled our politics." In an address to a joint session of Congress Mr Obama made a month later - a State of the Union in all but name - the president made a more workman-like effort, setting a tone and style he would largely follow in all of his congressional addresses. He talked of the need to rebuild the economy, then in the midst of a severe downturn, and touted the $787bn [£518bn] stimulus spending law the Democratic-controlled Congress had just passed. In those early months of his presidency, Mr Obama was at the height of his power. With approval ratings in the mid-60s and sizable majorities in both the House of Representatives and the Senate, he and his party firmly controlled the levers of power. During his February speech the president laid out an ambitious agenda. He endorsed financial regulation reform, an overhaul of the nation's health insurance system and a cap-and-trade plan for regulating greenhouse gasses. He also pledged to end the US war in Iraq and close the Guantanamo Bay detention centre. Mr Obama again addressed Congress in September of 2009 to help push healthcare reform through Congress, but by his first formal State of the Union Address in 2010, storm clouds were on the horizon. The public was wary of the increasing budget deficits and an economy that was still reeling. While the recession had officially ended in June 2009, the unemployment rate wouldn't come down from its peak of 9.9% until April 2010. The president pledged a government spending freeze and cuts to unaffordable or unnecessary programmes. Although later that year the Democrats narrowly passed healthcare and financial sector reform, it would be the last legislative achievement for Mr Obama's party. Cap-and-trade was all but dead, and Republicans blocked action on Guantanamo. The grass-roots conservative Tea Party movement was growing in strength, and it would sweep Republicans to control of the House of Representatives in the 2010 mid-term elections The president's next two State of the Union addresses, and a September 2011 address to Congress on jobs legislation, would be more reactive in nature. His proposals would remain largely unpassed. After winning re-election the president in his 2013 State of the Union address called for an increase in the minimum wage, more funding for college education and climate change legislation. The speech was dominated by talk of firearm regulation, however, on the heels of the attack that left 20 children and six adults dead in a Newtown, Connecticut, elementary school. With Republicans still in control in the House, however, none of these policy items would become law. By his 2014 State of the Union address, the president seemed resigned to the fact that none of his legislative priorities would be endorsed by Congress. His approval ratings had sunk to new lows, thanks in part to a botched rollout of the healthcare.gov website the previous autumn. The president's speech focused primarily on things he could accomplish without congressional approval, such as limited immigration reform and greenhouse gas regulation. The "unity of purpose" the president spoke of in 2009 seemed a distant memory. Now, exactly six years after his first inaugural address, the president - his dark hair now generously peppered with grey - speaks to the US people, and Congress, again. For the first time in his presidency, thanks to his party's rout in the 2014 mid-term elections, he faces a legislature wholly controlled by his political opponents. Perhaps counter-intuitively this development may more clearly define the president's remaining power. Where over the past four years he could count on the Democratic Senate to snarl Republican plans hatched in the Republican House of Representatives, the chance that legislation he finds unappealing reaches his desk is now considerably greater. He may finally find it necessary to wield one of the most powerful weapons in the presidential arsenal, the veto. The president's standing with the American people may be on the upturn, as well. His approval ratings have rebounded from the lows that helped seal his party's fate last year. The employment rate continues to decline, reaching 5.6% in December. The president is now fully on the defence in Congress, but he appears willing to counter-punch, with revamped proposals to make higher education more affordable and reform the tax structure. Whether it makes any difference to how the Republicans go about their agenda over the next year remains to be seen, however. The reality is that this likely is the last real chance the president has to use a high-profile speech to put his imprint on US politics and policy. He has one more State of the Union address to give, in January 2016, but by then the race to succeed him in office will be in full swing. Both parties will be in the midst of choosing new standard-bearers, and legislative action will grind to a halt. By then all eyes will be focused on the identity of the next person who will speak to the nation from the steps of the Capitol.

अपने उद्घाटन के ठीक छह साल बाद, राष्ट्रपति बराक ओबामा ने कांग्रेस और राष्ट्र को एक और स्टेट ऑफ द यूनियन संबोधन की पेशकश की। इन वार्षिक भाषणों पर एक नज़र डालने से राष्ट्रपति के कार्यालय में उथल-पुथल भरे समय के बढ़ते और गिरते भाग्य का पता चलता है।


Killers' letters used in Edinburgh play

Summary: Letters sent by Britain's most notorious serial killers to schoolchildren, supermarket shelf-stackers and lonely women have been used by the creator of TV drama Taggart for a new play at the Edinburgh Fringe.

By Ian YoungsArts reporter, BBC News Moors Murderer Ian Brady, who killed five children in north-west England in the 1960s, tells a schoolboy his favourite film is Bambi. Peter Sutcliffe, the Yorkshire Ripper, who murdered 13 women in the 1970s and 80s, assures an infatuated woman he is no longer dangerous because he now ignores the voices in his head. Dennis Nilsen, who killed 15 predominantly homosexual men in his London flat and disposed of their bodies by boiling body parts in his kitchen, gives relationship advice to a confused Waitrose worker who is looking for a gay affair. This is an unholy trinity of the most evil men in modern Britain. The revelations - which range from the chilling to the surreal to the mundane - are contained in unpublished letters written from their cells to pen pals in the outside world, explains Taggart creator Glenn Chandler. Chandler has acquired correspondence from these serial murderers. They now form the basis for his play Killers. A dozen letters written by Ian Brady to a schoolboy and 15 from Nilsen to the shelf-stacker were bought from a dealer, Chandler says, while 150 from Sutcliffe to a woman who wanted to marry him came from an "anonymous source". "Believe me, lots of women write to the Yorkshire Ripper and fall in love with him," Chandler says. "The strangest people become fans of serial killers." As the writer of Taggart, which ran for 27 years until 2010, Chandler has spent more time than most trying to get into the minds of murderers. In his new play, the three men are portrayed on stage at their writing desks. "The exciting thing about the letters is the little mundane things about them, such as Ian Brady talking about his favourite film, which happens to be Bambi," Chandler says. "And the avuncular advice that these serial killers give their fans on the outside. Ian Brady is advising his schoolboy correspondent to stick with school, and not follow a life of crime like he did, and become a mechanic or a chef and he picks him up on his handwriting. "Dennis Nilsen likewise. One gets the impression the boy is writing to him saying, 'I'm very lonely I don't have any friends.' Denis Nilsen is writing saying, 'Look, you've got to go out and make friends.' "He tells Denis Nilsen that he wants to go out and have a gay relationship. Denis Nilsen says, 'Remember, a gay relationship is a two-way thing. You must give and take.' Yet here's a guy who killed 15 of them and chopped up their bodies. "So some of the ironies in the letters are absolutely fascinating." There is "a fantastic amount of insight" into the psyches of the killers, Chandler suggests. Brady refuses to answer his young correspondent's questions about his crimes and shows no remorse, according to Chandler, who says Brady asks the boy: "Why are you interested in me? "Why aren't you interested in an American Air Force pilot who drops bombs on a village in Iraq? Is it because he kills with official permission and I don't kill with official permission? Is that what makes me so interesting?" Chandler adds: "He goes on about that but he won't talk about his crimes. "The Yorkshire Ripper, on the other hand, he does. He says to his lady correspondent, 'I'm cured now. I still hear the voices telling me to do these bad things, but I know that they're bad and I don't listen to them any more. If I got out now I'd be all right, I'd be perfectly safe, I wouldn't hurt you.' "He says, 'I know all the things I did were bad and I wish I could put the clock back and not do them.' You get the feeling that there's not a lot of sincerity there. 'The things I did were bad' is a bit of an understatement." The trio are linked by a sense of self-importance that comes from the knowledge that they have a reputation as "criminal celebrities", Chandler believes. "If you're Peter Sutcliffe and you get 50 letters a month from different women… He never had that when he was a lorry driver." In Brady's recent mental health tribunal, he unsuccessfully argued for a return to prison from a secure hospital. It was his first public appearance since his trial in 1966 and was criticised for simply giving him the attention he craved. Won't a play in which they are centre stage feed their egos even more? "I would respond to that by saying that for me, the most interesting aspect of the psychology is the people who are writing to the serial killers," Chandler says. "The schoolboy, the guy who works in Waitrose as a shelf-filler, the woman who is in love with the Yorkshire Ripper. It's really the psychology of the writers and why they write reflected through the killers' letters that I think is the main focus of the play." That is a little unconvincing given that it is the killers who are portrayed on stage, not their pen pals. Chandler says he only has the inmates' side of the correspondence. If the show is feeding the reputations of these "criminal celebrities", so have countless books and TV dramas. "I think they get enough publicity without a Fringe production to be honest," Chandler says. Still, word about the play has reached Nilsen. Chandler says the killer contacted him through a third party after an early performance in Brighton. "Someone had reported back to him and he said to me, 'Glenn, bear in mind I'm just a 68-year-old geezer and I accept that people will always want to write plays or books or articles about me.'" Killers is at the Assembly Rooms, Edinburgh, from 1-25 August.

ब्रिटेन के सबसे कुख्यात सीरियल किलरों द्वारा स्कूली बच्चों, सुपरमार्केट शेल्फ-स्टैकर्स और अकेली महिलाओं को भेजे गए पत्रों का उपयोग टीवी नाटक टैगगार्ट के निर्माता द्वारा एडिनबर्ग फ्रिंज में एक नए नाटक के लिए किया गया है।


Jack Shepherd in court over Devon barman assault

Summary: A man has appeared in court accused of assaulting a barman with a bottle.

Jack Shepherd, 31, is charged with causing grievous bodily harm with intent in the Newton Abbot area of Devon in March last year. Mr Shepherd, whose last address was in Bristol, appeared before District Judge Diane Baker at Plymouth Magistrates' Court via video link. Solicitor Richard Egan told the hearing he was unable to give an indication of plea at this stage. Mr Shepherd was remanded in custody to appear before Exeter Crown Court on 30 May.

एक आदमी एक बर्मन पर बोतल से हमला करने के आरोप में अदालत में पेश हुआ है।


Why are so many Rohingya migrants stranded at sea?

Summary: The Rohingyas - a distinct Muslim ethnic group who are effectively stateless - have been fleeing Myanmar for decades. But a combination of factors means many are now stranded in rickety boats off the coasts of Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia with dwindling supplies of food and water.

Also on the boats are thousands of economic migrants from Bangladesh fleeing grinding poverty at home. Why are the Rohingyas fleeing Myanmar? While the Rohingyas say they are descendants of Arab traders who have been in the region for generations, Myanmar's governments say they are not a genuine ethnic group but are actually Bengali migrants. Successive Myanmar governments have been introducing policies to repress the Rohingya since the 1970s, according to Burmese Rohingya Organisation UK (Brouk). They are denied basic services and their movements are severely restricted. The repression of the Rohingyas has gradually intensified since the process of reforms introduced by President Thein Sein in 2011, Brouk says. In June and October 2012 there were large scale attacks on Rohingyas in Rakhine State following the gang rape of a Buddhist woman. In addition, the government in March revoked temporary registration certificates issued to hundreds of thousands of Rohingyas, meaning they can no longer vote. So inflammatory is the Rohingya issue that opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi has been criticised for failing to raise it. In the past three years, more than 120,000 Rohingyas have boarded ships to flee abroad, according to the UN refugee agency. It says 25,000 migrants left Myanmar and Bangladesh in the first quarter of this year, about double the number over the same period last year. Between 40-60% of the 25,000 are thought to originate from Myanmar's western state of Rakhine. Why are they stranded at sea? As many as 8,000 migrants from Bangladesh and Myanmar are believed by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) to be stranded at sea. The Thai government has recently begun to crack down on smugglers who have traditionally taken them to camps in southern Thailand and effectively held them ransom. As a result the smugglers are now reportedly abandoning them at sea. Not only are countries in the region unwilling to let them land, fishermen are being told not to help them. Who are the Rohingyas? Myanmar's unwanted people What is the attitude to Rohingyas among countries of the region? "Extremely unwelcoming," says Chris Lewa of the Rohingya activist group Arakan Project. "Unlike European countries - who at least make an effort to stop North African migrants from drowning in the Mediterranean - Myanmar's neighbours are reluctant to provide any assistance." Whose responsibility is it to ensure that the refugees are fed and watered? Most aid agencies and NGOs agree that countries in the region have a moral imperative - if not a legal requirement - to do this if the refugees are in their territorial waters. Legal experts point out that some countries may be unwilling to act because by doing so they are more likely to be exposed to the principle of non-refoulement, whereby refugees cannot be forcibly returned to places where their lives or freedoms may be threatened. Can the Rohingya problem be resolved? "Not until or unless the international community puts pressure on Myanmar to improve the lives of the Rohingya community," Chris Lewa argues, "because ultimately it is only Burma who can solve the problem." Critics argue these countries have been quietly ignoring the plight of the Rohingyas for years and as a result now find themselves enveloped in a deepening humanitarian crisis. A series of meetings have now been called in the region to address the crisis, but Myanmar is refusing to attend them.

रोहिंग्या-एक अलग मुस्लिम जातीय समूह जो प्रभावी रूप से राज्यविहीन हैं-दशकों से म्यांमार से भाग रहे हैं। लेकिन कारकों के संयोजन का मतलब है कि कई लोग अब भोजन और पानी की घटती आपूर्ति के कारण थाईलैंड, मलेशिया और इंडोनेशिया के तटों पर खराब नौकाओं में फंसे हुए हैं।


Aberdeen Market operator placed into liquidation

Summary: The operator of Aberdeen Market has been placed into liquidation.

The building in Aberdeen city centre has been closed since the beginning of lockdown. In April, plans were approved to demolish the premises, making way for a new office, retail and leisure space. Administrator Cowgills has confirmed in a statement that Aberdeen Market Village was placed into Creditors Voluntary Liquidation on 11 June, and has now ceased trading. Developer Patrizia hopes to inject "new vibrancy" into the area with the redevelopment plans. The plan is for news shops, cafes and office space. The building dates back to the 1970s.

एबरडीन मार्केट के संचालक को परिसमापन में डाल दिया गया है।


Lydney flood response training exercise comes to an end

Summary: A training exercise to test emergency and rescue organisations' response to flash floods in Lydney, Forest of Dean, has taken place.

The three-day exercise was ordered due to the town's close proximity to the Severn estuary and the River Lyd. Eight organisations, including police, fire, and ambulance, tested their response to an incident akin to floods inBoscastle, Cornwall, in 2004. A £720,000 flood wall and embankment was built in Lydney in October 2011. The Environment Agency said the project in the Station Road and Mead Lane area would reduce the risk of river flooding to 1% in any given year. The flood response exercises took place on 21, 23 and 29 March.

डीन के जंगल, लिडनी में अचानक आई बाढ़ के लिए आपातकालीन और बचाव संगठनों की प्रतिक्रिया का परीक्षण करने के लिए एक प्रशिक्षण अभ्यास किया गया है।


Ticket Master-Live Nation merger cleared again by UK

Summary: A merger between Ticketmaster and concert promoter Live Nation has been cleared again by the UK's Competition Commission.

The commission had originally cleared the deal in December, but agreed to review the decision after a challenge from rival ticket agency Eventim. However, it concluded the deal would not lead to a "substantial lessening" of competition in UK ticket retailing. The US Justice Department cleared the tie-up in January.

यूके के प्रतिस्पर्धा आयोग ने टिकटमास्टर और कॉन्सर्ट प्रमोटर लाइव नेशन के बीच विलय को फिर से मंजूरी दे दी है।


'Gig' economy all right for some as up to 30% work this way

Summary: The "gig economy" suits Hannah Jones.

By Rebecca MarstonBusiness reporter, BBC News "I'm studying, so I can work when I want and for how long I want to. There aren't really any downsides for me at the moment," she says. Hannah works for Deliveroo, one of the best-known companies in the business thanks to protests by drivers in the summer against proposed changes to the way they are paid. She is part of a growing army of such workers. According to new research by global consultants McKinsey, the popular concept of work as a traditional nine-to-five job with a single employer bears little resemblance to the way in which a substantial share of the workforce makes a living. The McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) estimates that the independent workforce is some 162 million people, up to 30% of the working-age population in the United States and most of Europe. Official UK figures bear this out, with almost five million people in the UK employed in this way. 'Reluctant and strapped' The report looked at the full spectrum of ways in which individuals earned income outside traditional employee roles. It says independent workers fit into four key segments: 'Downside' Hannah Jones picked up this casual way of working after losing interest in her job in corporate finance and deciding to study for a Master's degree in developmental psychology. She reckons she fits into two of the categories. She has savings from her previous well-paid finance job, but still needs to top that up. Essentially, she's a casual who is earning supplemental income. She is also a "reluctant" in the sense that her aim is for a traditional job in the mental health field. Appropriately, perhaps, she mentions the mental health upside to working outdoors delivering on her bike: "I've been outdoors all summer, it's been great for producing endorphins." But there are plenty who find there are downsides to working for companies like Deliveroo, Uber and any of the other companies that pull together workers with services. Although workers are classed as self-employed, some companies expect their workers to be freely and regularly available, to such an extent that there is no time to work for anyone else. Meanwhile, they get none of the benefits, such as sick pay and pensions, that workers for other companies do. Solutions Frank Field MP has called such practices "bogus self-employment". He is among those who want a parliamentary inquiry into this new world of casualisation. McKinsey says its survey found the majority of independent workers in all countries participated by choice and were attracted by the flexibility and autonomy. But it says solutions will need to be found to the problem of benefits, income security and training, whether that be through government or new technological innovation of the type that created these platforms in the first place.

"गिग अर्थव्यवस्था" हन्ना जोन्स के अनुकूल है।


Boris Johnson's letter to MPs in full

Summary: Prime Minister Boris Johnson has taken the step of writing to all of the MPs who sit in the House of Commons, outlining his plans to ask for a suspension of Parliament in the first half of September. The move will limit the number of parliamentary days available for opponents of a no-deal Brexit to try to block that possibility.

Dear colleague, I hope that you had an enjoyable and productive summer recess, with the opportunity for some rest ahead of the return of the House. I wanted to take this opportunity to update you on the Government's plans for its business in Parliament. As you know, for some time parliamentary business has been sparse. The current session has lasted more than 340 days and needs to be brought to a close - in almost 400 years only the 2010-12 session comes close, at 250 days. Bills have been introduced, which, while worthy in their own right, have at times seemed more about filling time in both the Commons and the Lords, while key Brexit legislation has been held back to ensure it could still be considered for carry-over into a second session. This cannot continue. I therefore intend to bring forward a new bold and ambitious domestic legislative agenda for the renewal of our country after Brexit. There will be a significant Brexit legislative programme to get through but that should be no excuse for a lack of ambition! We will help the NHS, fight violent crime, invest in infrastructure and science and cut the cost of living. This morning I spoke to Her Majesty The Queen to request an end to the current parliamentary session in the second sitting week in September, before commencing the second session of this Parliament with a Queen's speech on Monday 14 October. A central feature of the legislative programme will be the Government's number one legislative priority, if a new deal is forthcoming at EU Council, to introduce a Withdrawal Agreement Bill and move at pace to secure its passage before 31 October. I fully recognise that the debate on the Queen's Speech will be an opportunity for Members of Parliament to express their view on this Government's legislative agenda and its approach to, and the result of, the European Council on 17-18 October. It is right that you should have the chance to do so, in a clear and unambiguous manner. I also believe it is vitally important that the key votes associated with the Queen's Speech and any deal with the EU fall at a time when parliamentarians are best placed to judge the Government's programme. Parliament will have the opportunity to debate the Government's overall programme, and approach to Brexit, in the run up to EU Council, and then vote on this on 21 and 22 October, once we know the outcome of the Council. Should I succeed in agreeing a deal with the EU, Parliament will then have the opportunity to pass the Bill required for ratification of the deal ahead of 31 October. Finally, I want to reiterate to colleagues that these weeks leading up to the European Council on 17/18 October are vitally important for the sake of my negotiations with the EU. Member States are watching what Parliament does with great interest and it is only by showing unity and resolve that we stand a chance of securing a new deal that can be passed by Parliament. In the meantime, the Government will take the responsible approach of continuing its preparations for leaving the EU, with or without a deal. The Leader of the Commons will update the House in the normal fashion with regard to business for the final week. For now, I can confirm that on Monday 9 September both Houses will debate the motions on the first reports relating to the Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019 (NIEFA). Following these debates we will begin preparation to end the Parliamentary session ahead of a Queen's Speech. The Business Managers in both Houses will shortly engage with their opposite numbers, and MPs more widely, on plans for passing a deal should one be forthcoming. Decisions will also need to be taken about carrying over some of the bills currently before the House, and we will look to work constructively with the Opposition on this front. If agreement cannot be reached we will look to reintroduce the bills in the next session, and details on this will be set out in the Queen's Speech. As always my door is open to all colleagues should you wish to discuss this or any other matter. Yours sincerely, Boris Johnson

प्रधान मंत्री बोरिस जॉनसन ने हाउस ऑफ कॉमन्स में बैठने वाले सभी सांसदों को पत्र लिखने का कदम उठाया है, जिसमें सितंबर की पहली छमाही में संसद के निलंबन की मांग करने की अपनी योजनाओं को रेखांकित किया गया है। इस कदम से बिना किसी सौदे के ब्रेक्सिट के विरोधियों के लिए उपलब्ध संसदीय दिनों की संख्या सीमित हो जाएगी ताकि उस संभावना को अवरुद्ध करने की कोशिश की जा सके।