The rise of the 'cholitas'

Summary: Bolivia's "cholitas" are riding the crest of a resurgence that has seen them transform from being "maids of the middle classes" who were routinely stereotyped and discriminated against, to having real clout in the economic, political and fashion worlds.

By Paula DearLa Paz, Bolivia With their high bowler hats, puffed skirts and coquettish demeanour, they may look like they have stepped out of an early 20th century television costume drama, but cholas - or as they are affectionately known, cholitas - are very much a driving force in modern Bolivia. Until recent decades, these indigenous Aymara and Quechua women - who can be easily identified by their distinctive, elegant outfits - could be refused entry to certain restaurants, taxis and even some public buses. For generations, they were not permitted to walk freely in the capital La Paz's central square, Plaza Murillo - home to the presidential palace - nor in wealthy suburbs like the city's Zona Sur. Predominantly rural peasants who had migrated to the cities, they were seen as a lower strata who stayed in the home, or worked as servants or hawkers. "They used to say, 'chola, no no!" when we tried to go to those places," says Carmen Mamani de Espejo, who sells flowers every Saturday at La Paz's Rodriguez Market. "Now it's much better for cholitas. We have more confidence now, we can walk where we like." Carmen's day-to-day dress is classic cholita. While fashions and seasons change for cholas, as for everyone, none can stray from the "uniform" of a heavy multi-layered skirt with petticoats, long shawl, precariously perched bowler hat, jewellery and little flat pumps. Bowler hat Hair Jewellery Shawl Skirt Petticoats Bowler hat Arrived in the 1920s from Europe, intended for male railway workers but were the wrong colour. Hair Always long and plaited at the back. Traditionally the plaits are tied together at the ends with a tassled cord. Jewellery The most powerful cholitas employ security guards when on parade to protect expensive earrings and brooches. Shawl The ‘manta’ is a key part of the uniform, usually held fast with a brooch. Skirt Known as pollera in Spanish, it’s heavy and worn high to give a rounded backside. Petticoats These multi-layered underskirts (enaguas) are often visible and colourful. Valerie Salinas, who wrote a research paper called Chola pacena: fashion icon, says the Spanish forced the indigenous people to adopt European clothing - similar to those worn by assistant bullfighters in their homeland - to "rein in their subversive airs". "The chola was very smart, she carried the burden of this dress - something she did not like - and in the end it empowered her and she moulded it to her liking." Cholitas have always had pride in their culture, but have now reclaimed their image with a confidence that has, for the most part, come from massive social change. A gradual rise of grassroots movements in Bolivia - mostly lead by rural peasant groups - which culminated in the 2005 election of the country's first indigenous president, Evo Morales, has been credited with the country's ongoing transformation. Women and indigenous people have been a particular focus of new policies and laws designed to end the elitism of the past. While poverty and inequality remain, Bolivia's economy is growing. With more money circulating and with many cholitas being "commerciantes" - sellers of goods - they have more cash to spend, and it shows. In recent years cholitas have even shown their fortitude by doing battle in the wrestling ring. Every Sunday in El Alto, on the edge of La Paz, polleras and plaits fly as a hard core of women take on the men at their own game, to the delight of locals and tourists alike. The change is not only economic, but in social attitudes. Cholitas can now be seen studying at university, working in government ministries, banks and lawyers' offices, and anchoring TV and radio programmes. And in scenes that were unimaginable 10 or 20 years ago, there are cholita fashion shows and increasingly ostentatious displays of expensive designer chola fashion at the forefront of festivals such as La Paz's event of the year, Gran Poder. "Just 10 years ago it was almost impossible to think of a chola being a lawyer or a journalist, or in front of a television camera, leading a national programme," says Maria Isabel Cordova, who last year set up a new "society" magazine for La Paz's Aymara community. "Although there may still be some discrimination today, the chola is gaining a place in society." That she decided to establish her magazine, Ayni Sociales, is remarkable in itself. "The Aymara community has a very active social life and is an economically emerging market. But dedicating a magazine to showing the glamour of this society would have been unthinkable in the past. Everything has changed." So much has transformed that in recent months the first specialist cholita modelling agency was established in La Paz. At its helm is the formidable Rosario Aguilar - lawyer, former city politician and a passionate promoter of cholita fashion and culture. When she began pushing the idea of cholita fashion shows nine years ago, it was a struggle to convince people to participate because people felt "no one would want to see it," she says. "We had to beg the designers to take part. They were intimidated, I don't know if it was fear of rejection. It was also difficult to encourage any cholitas to be models. "Now we have a long list of people wanting to participate." It is telling that many of the models and women seen parading at fiestas and big social events are not "real" cholitas. "A real cholita speaks Aymara and has it in their family. And they have to know how to dress themselves. For example, the skirt has to be really high up to make your bum look big," says Carmen's 27-year-old daughter Clara Espejo Mamani. She wants to take on her mother and grandmother's cholita identity in the future, but the clothes can be very expensive so she is saving up for her first outfit. "It's good that some women are dressing like that even if it's not real," says Norma Barrancos Leyva, a cholita and presenter on the Aymara language station Radio San Gabriel. "It shows that there is pride in the pollera (chola skirt), it's part of our culture and our country's identity." Growing up in a village three hours from La Paz, she was told by her grandmother that cholas could not got to university, nor be professors or government ministers. Now she dresses as a cholita every day in her job as a journalist, because there is no reason not to. In 2012 she spent a month working at BBC Mundo in London, with help from charitable funding. "I feel so happy I had a chance to do international journalism, which I would not have had before. Cholitas occupy a place in the hierarchy now, they have value." And it's official. Last October the council in La Paz passed a municipal law declaring that the Chola Paceña (cholita of La Paz) was a central part of the city's cultural heritage. It added that the "collective ideology has now shifted from [cholitas] merely occupying the informal market and domestic service" to "filling political, media and business" roles. "This woman, whose stamp is a mixture of Spanish dominion and proud original American, is on the rise," said city politicians. Cholitas exist all over Bolivia, but the types of skirts and hats change depending on the region. In the cities, there is no male equivalent -cholitas will almost always be seen on the arm of a man in predominantly Western clothing. In rural areas, some men can be seen wearing more traditional clothing, such as ponchos and woolly hats covering the ears (in the Andes) but even there this is not universal. Special fiestas are the exception, but in everyday life cholita-ism is very much a female phenomenon. Cholitas still occupy both ends of the social and economic scale, but the balance has shifted. "Of course some are still poor," says top cholita fashion designer Limbert Cussi. "I work with the cholas who have money. They no longer sell on the street, they import goods from China, Chile, Panama and make a lot of profit. "High-end cholita fashion can be very expensive. For those richer people, the more expensive the better - a set of gold jewellery for a big event can cost $18,000 (£11,000) alone. It's a competition." Limbert designs and makes vicuña wool hats for the exclusive end of the market, as well as shawls for special events that can fetch $3,000 (£1,800) each. He also set up and runs the Cholita Pacena website, which covers fashion and news, and is in the second year of production of a cholita calendar. "We wanted to take on that image that cholitas were poor country women with babies on their backs. There's a phenomenon now - women want to wear the pollera. "Before, people did not want the chola life for their daughters and their daughters would not want it for themselves. Now it's the reverse." Photos by Paula Dear unless otherwise stated Follow @BBCNewsMagazine on Twitter and on Facebook

बोलिविया के "चोलितास" एक पुनरुत्थान के शिखर पर सवार हैं जिसने उन्हें "मध्यम वर्ग की नौकरानियों" से बदलते हुए देखा है, जिनके साथ नियमित रूप से रूढ़िवादी और भेदभाव किया जाता था, जो आर्थिक, राजनीतिक और फैशन की दुनिया में वास्तविक प्रभाव रखते थे।


Wales Music Prize shortlist for 2014-15 unveiled

Summary: Catfish and the Bottlemen, Paper Aeroplanes and Joanna Gruesome are among the nominees for the Welsh Music Prize 2014-15.

The shortlist, which features 15 albums, was announced on Saturday. Now in its fifth year, the competition, created by BBC Radio 1 DJ Huw Stephens and music promoter John Rostron, aims to promote the best original music from Wales. This year features more Welsh-language releases than ever before. The Welsh Music Prize ceremony will be held on 26 November at Sherman Cymru in Cardiff. Stephens said: "It's been another great year for Welsh music, with a diverse and strong list of albums making the shortlist. "There's great songwriting, Welsh-language records, folk, electronica and world-conquering rock on the list." Nominees

कैटफ़िश एंड द बॉटलमेन, पेपर एयरप्लेन और जोआना ग्रुसम वेल्श संगीत पुरस्कार 2014-15 के लिए नामांकित लोगों में से हैं।


Carmen Quintana: Set on fire by Pinochet's soldiers

Summary: Forty years ago, Gen Augusto Pinochet seized power in Chile - 17 years of military rule followed, during which thousands of people were tortured or killed. One woman who was doused with kerosene and set on fire, survived to tell the tale.

By Mike LanchinBBC World Service Carmen Quintana has one lasting image from the day, 27 years ago, when she and another young Chilean student were attacked, and set alight by soldiers during an anti-government protest. "I just looked down at my blackened hands and at my burning clothes, and I suddenly saw myself in flames," she says. It was 2 July 1986, the first of two days of nationwide strikes in Chile against Augusto Pinochet's rule. Eighteen-year-old Carmen was a serious young woman with thick bushy hair, from a left-wing family fiercely opposed to the Pinochet regime. From an early age she had gone with her parents on anti-government demonstrations - and had witnessed first-hand the repression meted out by the feared Carabineros, Pinochet's jackbooted police. "We believed in what we were doing, and we thought we could bring about change," she says. With the organisers of the July 1986 protests promising to make it the biggest opposition show of force in years, Carmen had helped rally support among other students at her university. Word had gone around that Pinochet had ordered thousands of extra soldiers on to the streets as reinforcements. But as Carmen and her comrades made their way on foot to join the crowds already gathering in the centre of Santiago early that July morning, no-one had reason to believe that the day's demonstrations would be different from any others. Speaking to the BBC from her adopted home in Montreal, Canada, where she sought refuge almost three decades ago, Carmen talks slowly, carefully recounting each detail of the events that scarred her mentally and physically. Now 45 years old and married with three daughters, she is clearly still grappling with the horrors of the past. Carmen and a small group of students reached the Avenida General Velasquez, one of the main arteries running through central Santiago, just as other protesters were beginning to erect makeshift barricades out of old tyres. "We ran into some guys who asked us if we wanted to help," she says. "Sure, we replied, why not." Then suddenly an army jeep came around the corner, full of soldiers. Their faces were all painted and they were wearing combat gear. Tossing the tyres to one side, the youngsters fled in different directions. The soldiers jumped out and gave chase. Only Carmen and another student, 19-year-old Rodrigo Rojas Denegri, were caught. The rest got away. "They grabbed Rodrigo first and threw him to the ground, kicking him. They put me up against the wall and searched me. I could see Rodrigo lying there, bleeding. They said to me, 'What were you doing, where were you going?' I said, 'Going to the university, to study.' They swore at me and hit me with the butt of their machine guns. I began to cry." Another group of soldiers then appeared, carrying a couple of tyres and a bottle of kerosene. "So this is what you were up to, right?" one of the soldiers said. Carmen was still standing against the wall and Rodrigo was still on the ground. Neither of them replied. One of the officers took the bottle of kerosene and began to pour its contents over Carmen, soaking her from top to bottom. He did the same to Rodrigo, dousing him "as if he was watering a plant", she says. Carmen pauses. Her voice drops. This is the most painful part of her tale. At that stage, she says slowly, she had still thought that the soldiers were only trying to make fun of them and would soon let them go. She even remembers saying to herself, "I'll have to go home now and get washed, and I won't make it to the demos." Though accustomed to the regime's violence, nothing had prepared her for what would happen next. "All of a sudden one of the soldiers threw something close to us, like a Molotov cocktail. And as it hit the ground it exploded, and Rodrigo and I turned into human torches." The flames quickly took hold of Carmen's hair and clothes. She threw herself to the ground, madly trying to put out the fire. From the corner of her eye, she could see Rodrigo desperately rolling around, doing the same. Before she lost consciousness, she felt someone throw a blanket over her burning body, and then pick her up and toss her carelessly into the back of a truck. When Carmen woke up, an hour or so later, she was lying in a ditch, off the main highway. Rodrigo was there too. "I was so frightened I just lay there, pretending to be dead. I didn't dare move." Slowly and painfully, they clambered to their feet and looked each other over. "Half of Rodrigo's hair was missing, all his face was black and burnt," she says. Her own face, arms and hands were black and sore, and already peeling. Their clothes were almost totally shredded. They hardly spoke a word to each other, Carmen remembers, such was the searing pain from their burns. But when a police patrol arrived, having been notified by some local workers who saw the two youngsters wandering "like zombies" across the road, Rodrigo shot Carmen a warning glance. "Don't say anything, they'll do away with us,"' he told her. "I was just so full of anger and pain that all I said to the policemen was, 'Just shoot me, please, now, so the pain stops,'" Carmen says. The police took them to hospital. Carmen had second and third degree burns on two-thirds of her body. She was in a coma for weeks. Four days after arriving at hospital, Rodrigo died from his injuries. His funeral became the focus of further nationwide demonstrations. And such was the scale of the outrage that even the then American ambassador to Chile attended, in spite of his government's long standing support for Pinochet. Unrepentant, the Chilean leader went on national television soon after to claim that Carmen and Rodrigo had been responsible for setting themselves on fire, because they had been carrying concealed Molotov cocktails, which had exploded and burnt them. That would continue to be the official version of events. Carmen spent the first months in hospital in Chile, and was then moved by her family to Canada, where she continued with painful reconstructive treatment on her face and body. In the first year alone, she had more than 40 separate operations. She gradually recovered the use of both her hands and legs, but lost the hearing in her right ear. She says, almost cheerfully, her face now has "a bit more of my own colour back", although it is still scarred. In the years that followed, Carmen travelled through Europe and North America denouncing the Pinochet regime. In 1991, a year after he was forced to step down as Chile's president, a military tribunal held a hearing about her case. It cleared one of the officers present that day, Lt Pedro Fernandez Dittus, of responsibility for Rodrigo's death, and for the attack on Carmen. It merely found him "negligent" for having failed to seek adequate medical help. In 1993 he was sentenced to 600 days in prison by the Supreme Court. Carmen, who was later awarded $500,000 (£320,000) in compensation by a Chilean judge, says she still wants her attackers - and their commanders - to face criminal charges in a civilian court. "I feel that I am the voice of so many other Chileans who died," she says. Carmen Quintana was speaking to Witness - which airs weekdays on BBC World Service radio. You can hear Mike Lanchin's report here. You can follow the Magazine on Twitter and on Facebook

चालीस साल पहले, जनरल ऑगस्टो पिनोशे ने चिली में सत्ता पर कब्जा कर लिया-17 साल के सैन्य शासन के बाद, जिसके दौरान हजारों लोगों को प्रताड़ित किया गया या मार दिया गया। एक महिला जिस पर मिट्टी का तेल डाला गया और आग लगा दी गई, वह कहानी बताने के लिए बच गई।


Thai cave rescue: The Cave film shares behind-the-scenes shots

Summary: The dramatic Thai cave rescue unfolded like a film. It involved a desperate search, selfless volunteers, an audacious rescue, and 12 boys and one man determined to survive against the odds.

By Helier CheungBBC News Several films of the rescue are being planned, but the first to finish filming is The Cave by Thai-Irish director Tom Waller, which involves several of the actual rescue divers. The BBC has been given a sneak peek into the first official photos from the film set. Waller says that he became inspired to make the film as he watched the Thai cave rescue progress on tenterhooks. "Like everyone else on the planet, I was following the news with much anticipation," he told the BBC. "I realised that as a Thai filmmaker, I was in a unique position to tell this story." The Cave focuses on the "volunteer spirit of the rescuers, and the untold personal stories of those involved in the mission", and is "embedded in a Thai narrative", he says. Waller, whose previous work includes the award-winning film The Last Executioner, says more than a dozen participants from the cave rescue agreed to take part and play themselves. "Everyone was extremely enthusiastic about the story, and there was no acting required for these real rescuers," he said. "It was like being back at Tham Luang all over again for most of them, reliving the events." Rescue divers involved include Belgian Jim Warny, Canadian Erik Brown and Tan Xiaolong from China. Others were involved as consultants to help ensure the authenticity of the film, Waller says. Much of the actual cave rescue took part in extremely difficult conditions, a snaking system of water-filled caverns and crevices. This also presented some challenges for the film crew. "It was both a technical and logistical challenge to achieve the underwater scenes successfully," Waller says. However, it helped that some of his crew were experienced divers. "We were able to recreate authentic conditions with the poor visibility and light coming from just from head lamps. It will feel as if you're really immersed in those tunnels with the rescuers." Meanwhile, for some of the rescuers, being on set in front of cameras may have been the real challenge. Waller says: "I think the rescue divers found the filming more difficult than actual cave diving!" The majority of the filming was done in locations in Thailand, including Chiang Rai province, although there were also scenes in Ireland, Wales, China, Japan and Hawaii. The crew filmed in a number of caves that they considered suitable to depict Tham Luang cave, says Waller. "We tried to involve the local community as much as possible, and many of the extras travelled long distances to be a part of the production." His team also requested permission to feature the 12 cave boys in the film but are waiting for a decision from the Ministry of Culture, he says. The Thai government is protective of the boys, and all interviews with them need approval from a government committee. Viewers can expect cameos from some of those involved in the rescue, but there will also be faces familiar to Thai audiences. Veteran actor Nirut Sirijanya, known internationally for his role in The Hangover Part II, is part of the cast, although Waller is keeping his role a secret for now. "Everyone assumed he's playing Governor Narongsak, but he's actually not - he has a small but important role in the film." The film is due for release on the first anniversary of the rescue in July 2019. All pictures copyright

नाटकीय थाई गुफा बचाव एक फिल्म की तरह सामने आया। इसमें एक हताश खोज, निस्वार्थ स्वयंसेवक, एक दुस्साहसी बचाव, और 12 लड़के और एक आदमी बाधाओं के खिलाफ जीवित रहने के लिए दृढ़ संकल्प शामिल थे।


Voices from Spain's unemployed millions

Summary: What does the economic crisis in Spain mean for ordinary people?

Last week it was announced that unemployment had reached a record high - more than six million. The government forecast that the economy would shrink another 1.3% this year - worse than expected. People in Spain tell the BBC how they have been affected by the lack of job opportunities. Laura Sanz, Madrid "I am 35 years old. Since childhood, my parents have worked hard to give me the opportunities they never had because they grew up in a country impoverished after war and dictatorship. I was taught that my efforts would allow me to have a better life than they had, but the reality is very different. I studied at university, working at the same time, then I studied for higher diplomas to complement my degree, and for some time I emigrated to the UK and Ireland for the sole purpose of learning English, which is necessary to get almost any job. Now I can say that the efforts of our parents and most qualified young people like me have been for nothing, because our country refuses to give us a chance. I'm surrounded by people in the same situation: almost all my friends and family between the ages of 25 and 40 are unemployed and [have a] general feeling of disillusionment, disappointment, frustration... We feel ashamed to see how our parents - of retirement age - go every day to work while we remain idle at home (against our will!)." Tomas Rivas, Malaga, leaving Spain "Since last October I have been unemployed. I am 31 years old and I would describe my educational path as excellent, especially at university, where I got a degree and a Master's in management and planning of tourism. I live in Malaga, which is the main tourist city of Spain. I also studied to be a higher technician in computer systems management. But there are no job opportunities for me, either in Malaga or in the whole of Spain. This situation is really depressed for young people like me, who have studied very hard for several years. So I am moving to another country in Europe, where an important hotel chain has selected me for an internship programme in one of their hotels. On the one hand, it is a sad decision because my family, girlfriend and many friends are here. But on the other hand, I know I have to take this new challenge as a great opportunity for the future, so I believe that I will come back when things get better." Angel Moran and Conchi Leganes, Madrid Angel Moran is 53 and has been out of work now for five years. His wife, Conchi, is 48 and has been unemployed for four. Their home is one of 1.9 million in Spain in which no-one has a job, according to the latest unemployment figures. They receive state benefits of 426 euros (£358) a month and rely on food handouts from the Red Cross. "Our gas has been cut off and we can hardly pay the water. After paying the rent, there's nothing left for food." Their daughter Noelia is 26 and she is also unemployed. Her 25-year-old boyfriend also lives in the house and he is also unemployed. "I can't get my own place with my boyfriend," she says. "I can't afford to have kids. And you just have to think about every cent you spend." Veronica Salgado, gone back home to Venezuela Veronica, who has recently returned to Venezuela after living for six years in Spain, had always wanted to study in Europe. In 2006 she was involved in a car crash, after which she was drugged with "burundanga" (scopolamine, an alkaloid), a substance used by criminals in the capital Caracas to enfeeble victims of a robbery. She woke up the next day in hospital, not knowing what had happened to her. It was the last straw - and pushed her to leave her country. She says she is "really thankful" for the way she was treated by Spanish people, but was frustrated by the bureaucracy. She was unable to get a work permit, although she believes she fulfilled all the legal requirements. She enrolled in three postgraduate courses one after the other in order to remain legally as a student, working as many hours as she was allowed by her visa, but living on a meagre salary. In the end, the economic difficulties and loneliness she faced were more powerful than the fear of criminality. "I had missed my whole family life, I missed births, deaths, marriages, divorces, things you cannot get back," she says. She finally packed up her things to go back to Venezuela last December. "I knew what I was going to find here [in Venezuela]. It is a conflict I am facing right now and it is very difficult. The situation is much worse than before." Sergio Munoz, Madrid, moving to Germany Sergio Munoz is 25 and has a degree in chemical engineering. He has been looking for work for the past nine months. "If you go to an interview, there are another 1,000 people who want the same position as you. So if you want the job, you have to be the best of the best of the best. "You have to be a God to find work in Spain," he says. Sergio's plan is to move to Germany to try and find a job there. He has friends who have already moved to China and to Leeds, in the UK. "I think young people think it is impossible to find a job right now." Clara Ospina, Colombian wanting to leave Spain Clara Ospina, her husband and three children have been living in Spain for 12 years, and have been waiting to get their Spanish passports for the last two years. Her family is among the half a million people who are waiting for their citizenship applications to be processed by the authorities. Last December, she and her husband - both psychologists - lost their jobs. They have been doing individual counselling and consultancy work to make ends meet. She says the only thing stopping her from leaving Spain has been waiting for her Spanish passport to come through. "My father is very ill in Colombia, and my children, like many Spanish youngsters, only see a future outside of this country," she says. "Everybody says that when you get your [citizenship] documents, your life changes. But when you have them, life remains more or less the same. It is not as if a world of opportunities opens up to you. "I would like to go back to Colombia. My husband would prefer to go somewhere else. And my children, who grew up in Spain, can only think of leaving Spain. "For me, having a Spanish passport will be a triumph, although I don't think it will change things for me. My children are very stressed out. They have a different mentality: they only think of having a job contract, a stable job. There are other ways to earn a living, we learn that in our countries. We have been living through the economic crisis for the past 12 years, but I can say we are still standing."

स्पेन में आर्थिक संकट का आम लोगों के लिए क्या मतलब है?


Is a complete ban on smoking next?

Summary: MPs have this week agreed to introduce a ban on smoking in cars in England. Similar measures are being planned for Wales, while Scotland is considering such a step.

By Nick Triggle and Charlie JonesBBC News Your browser does not support this interactive video. This follows on from a proposal to introduce plain packaging of cigarettes in England and a number of other crackdowns over the years. Some areas are even looking into stopping people lighting up in parks and town squares. So what is next? Could an outright ban on smoking be in the pipeline? In this interactive video we look at what has been happening and what could follow. If you are unable to watch, here is some of the content included in this interactive video.

सांसदों ने इस सप्ताह इंग्लैंड में कारों में धूम्रपान पर प्रतिबंध लगाने पर सहमति व्यक्त की है। वेल्स के लिए भी इसी तरह के उपायों की योजना बनाई जा रही है, जबकि स्कॉटलैंड इस तरह के कदम पर विचार कर रहा है।


Jamal Khashoggi: How intelligence report could dent US-Saudi ties for years

Summary: The release of the declassified US intelligence report into the murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi represents a blow to the power, prestige and international standing of one of the most powerful men in the Middle East: Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

By Frank GardnerBBC security correspondent It could even have implications for the West's dealings with Saudi Arabia for decades to come. Asserting that the crown prince, known by his initials as MBS, was complicit in that gruesome murder in 2018, will make it harder than ever for Western leaders to be publicly associated with him as an individual. Yet, as things stand today, MBS looks set to be the power on the Saudi throne for a very long time. He is just 35 years old and still enjoys broad popularity amongst Saudi Arabia's predominately young population. Partly due to patriotism and partly due to a massive clampdown on civil liberties, there has been negligible public criticism of the crown prince until now. President Biden has indicated he wants to deal with Saudi's King Salman, not MBS, but the king and his son operate in extremely close concert so this distinction is largely meaningless in practice. King Salman is 85, in poor health and has already handed over most of his powers to MBS. Chilling tape The crown prince's links to the Khashoggi murder have long been known to most Western intelligence agencies, they just weren't made public. Gina Haspel, who headed the CIA from 2018 until earlier this year, flew to Ankara where Turkish intelligence played her the chilling audio tape of Khashoggi's last, desperate moments inside the Saudi Consulate as he was overpowered and suffocated by the agents sent from Riyadh. Turkey's secret recordings from inside the Saudi Consulate - itself a diplomatic misdemeanour that has been largely overlooked amid the horror of Khashoggi's murder - have also been shared with other Western intelligence agencies. US officials said the CIA had concluded, "with a medium to high degree of certainty", that MBS was complicit. But while President Trump was in the White House the US intelligence report was kept under wraps so as not to embarrass his close ally in Riyadh. That top cover has now vanished. Not Washington's favourite Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman was not Washington's preferred choice to become the next king. That man was Prince Mohammed bin Nayef who was next in line to the throne until MBS had him removed in 2017. MBN, as he is known, is now under arrest, accused of corruption and plotting against the crown prince, which his family deny. For years MBN was America's most important ally in the Saudi royal family and, as the interior minister who successfully defeated the al-Qaeda insurgency, he forged close links with the CIA through his intelligence chief Saad Al-Jabry. Al-Jabry is now living in self-imposed exile in Canada and claims in court that MBS sent a hit squad to kill him. So the CIA have history when it comes to the current crown prince. They still need a good working relationship with the Saudi royal court, given the ongoing global threat from IS and al-Qaeda-inspired terrorism, but they would much prefer to deal with a safe and steady pair of hands like MBN rather than the unpredictable maverick that is MBS. A gift for Iran Anything that undermines the strategic US-Saudi partnership is a gift to Saudi Arabia's regional rival, Iran. Despite years of sanctions, experts have recently concluded that Iran has achieved the upper hand in the Middle East, extending its strategic reach through its proxy militias in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Yemen - leaving the Saudis surrounded. When President Biden announced a moratorium on US weapons for the Saudi-led war effort in Yemen, the Iranian-backed Houthi rebels there were quick to capitalise on this. They have since advanced on several fronts, knowing that their enemy is hobbled by the arms ban. In the long term, all this will likely push the Saudi leadership towards diversifying its defence and security partners, possibly opening new doors for Russia and China. It may also push Riyadh to build closer ties with Israel, with whom it shares a common fear of Iranian expansion and nuclear proliferation.

सऊदी पत्रकार जमाल खशोगी की हत्या में अवर्गीकृत अमेरिकी खुफिया रिपोर्ट का जारी होना मध्य पूर्व के सबसे शक्तिशाली व्यक्तियों में से एकः सऊदी अरब के क्राउन प्रिंस मोहम्मद बिन सलमान की शक्ति, प्रतिष्ठा और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय स्थिति के लिए एक झटका है।


Immigration: Who should we let in after Brexit?

Summary: Amidst all the talk about Brexit - about borders and about trade - ministers have said almost nothing about how immigration will be controlled after the UK leaves the EU. They have not yet come up with the answer to a fundamental question - who should we let in?

By Nick RobinsonPresenter, Panorama The promise to take back control of our borders was the headline of the leave campaign. Yet almost two years on, there has been little public debate about how that will be done, or what our immigration system should look like once free movement of EU citizens in and out of Britain has ended. The Home Office originally promised to publish its plans for a new immigration policy before Christmas. Then it said the spring. Now ministers say it'll be in the autumn. Immigration Minister Caroline Nokes told me: "There isn't any dithering. What I'm committed to doing is making evidence-based policy. And so we will bring an immigration policy forward when we're ready." They were, she said, waiting for the expert advice from the Migration Advisory Committee, an independent public body which advises the government on migration issues. Why the delay? Very likely it's because they're caught in the middle, between the demands of British business and the expectations of many of the voters who backed Brexit. Pressure is now mounting on Theresa May from a growing number of businesses who fear that they will not be able to find the workers they need after we leave the EU. First, the figures: Net migration overall - the difference between the number of people coming to the UK and leaving - is 244,000 a year, more than double the government's target. But net migration from the EU fell sharply to 90,000 - the lowest for 5 years. And from food manufacturers to delivery firms to fast food restaurants, I've been hearing the fears of Britain's bosses about what happens if they can't get the workers they need. Who will drive the lorries? That's the question worrying Leigh Pomlett, president of the Freight Transport Association. More than one in seven of the HGV drivers based in Britain - that's 40,000 drivers - are EU nationals. Speaking to me at his company CEVA's Tamworth warehouse, he told me he is beginning to see people going back home, as the wages people can send back become worth less due to the fall in the pound, and because more jobs are now available in Europe. "Polish people are wanted back in Poland more than ever. They're also wanted in Germany, more than ever. So there is a global labour market which is more mobile than it ever was. Will they move? Yes they will." He says the industry could do with another 50,000 drivers, but he can't see where they are going to come from. And what's bad for his business could be bad for yours, as he warns that the days of free next-day delivery could come to an end. Who'll produce the food we eat? That's what Patrick Hook wants to know. His family farming business PD Hook hatches eggs on an industrial scale - more than nine million per week. EU workers represent 33% of all people employed in the food manufacturing sector. Patrick is worried. Some of the people he employs from the EU have already headed home. Others are thinking about it. "The labour crisis - and not having those skilled permanent people available to us from the European Union - is a bigger threat to us as a business and our industry than avian influenza, that is a fact." Who'll serve our food and drink? Order a coffee, a sandwich or a salad in a fast food restaurant, and you're very likely to have it served up by a European - one of half a million EU nationals working in shops, hotels, restaurants and fast food outlets. More than half the staff at Leon - an upmarket fast food chain - are from the EU. John Vincent, Leon's chief executive and co-founder, warns that if the industry can't recruit enough staff, then restaurant chains will become increasingly automated, with machines preparing dishes, and companies using apps and vending machines to sell and deliver them to customers. "There's a danger if we can't recruit people - and we've already seen it in America - that people will be replaced by robots, and that's not something we want to see. "So, that's not 'Mad Max fantasy world', it's already happening." Jacob Rees Mogg, the leading Brexiteer backbencher, accepts that jobs of the future may be taken by robots instead of Brits. "I think that if you look at check-outs in supermarkets, that is an efficiency for the supermarket. It reduces the cost, and it may be quicker for the consumer as well. I don't think we should be frightened of mechanisation. Those jobs will go to robots whether we have immigration or not." He is urging ministers not to give in to the pressure. "Of course business wants to carry on what it's been doing, because it's easy, but the responsibility of government is to look after the consumer and the citizen." What do voters want? The voters of Mansfield in Nottinghamshire are watching to see if the Tories deliver on their promise to cut annual net migration to the tens of thousands. This ex-mining town and traditional Labour constituency elected a Tory MP for the first time in its history last year. More than 70% of people here voted to leave the EU. Immigration, I was told, was a factor. It was certainly an issue for local resident Jeffrey Smith: "I'll walk down every morning to this coffee bar, and - not being racist - I can probably meet or pass 15 people, and sometimes you don't hear an English voice. and then you think 'what on earth's wrong with Mansfield?' "There's too many people from other countries living here and living off us." Richard Vickerstaff runs a local shop called the Vinyl Lounge. He didn't vote for Brexit, but says he knows why people are worried about immigration. "I think Mansfield probably historically isn't used to a lot of immigration, you know, on that side. So to have quite a heavy influx of people suddenly coming quite quickly within two or three years, people notice that, and certain people obviously feel uncomfortable about it." Immigration Minister Caroline Nokes told me the government was sticking to its long-term target of bringing net immigration down. "The last two sets of statistics that we've seen have seen the direction of travel downwards, which is what we're aiming towards. But none of us have ever said that this going to be either easy or quick." But the Shadow Home Secretary Diane Abbott told me that the government's target was "completely bogus". She says, "it's just a way of the Tories talking an anti-immigrant narrative". When asked twice whether immigration could go up under Labour, she did not rule it out. "We can't say what is going to happen to levels of migration, because migration flows are subject to all sorts of international pressures. With increased emphasis on training and skills, the need for people's specific skills from overseas may well decline." It all adds up to a pretty painful position for Theresa May - caught between those competing pressures. Control, what control? As well as a debate about what level immigration should be, there's the question of how the new system of rules are designed. It is thought the Cabinet has had only one high-level discussion about immigration recently, and it is said to have argued about whether preference should in future be given to workers from the EU - Poles, Spanish and French - or whether there should be a level playing field for immigrants wherever they come from. Brexiteers like Jacob Rees Mogg back the latter approach. "I can see no reason to give preference to people from the EU after we've left. Why should we discriminate against our Commonwealth friends, against our American friends, the very large Indian population in this country? Surely we should prioritise members of their family against people from the EU with whom we have no connection?" But this is one more subject that looks set to get included in those endless complex Brexit negotiations. The more trade we want, the more open our borders may have to be. One well-placed source told me that the first thing countries want to export is their people. That, incidentally, applies to India or China as well. so any new post-Brexit trade deal with them may involve hard bargaining about liberalising the immigration rules for their people who want to come here. Some argue that different parts of the country need a different approach. SNP First Minister Nicola Sturgeon says Scotland needs more immigrants, not a target to have fewer: "It's damaging and counter-productive. It runs counter to the needs of the Scottish economy. "Our pensioner population over the next 25 years is projected to increase by 25%, and yet our working-age population - those who are in employment and contributing the taxes to support everything else that we hold dear - is only going to increase by 1%. So that tells a story that we need to be able to attract talent from elsewhere." The truth is the debate on immigration has scarcely begun. Most voters want to see what they call control. They want to see the numbers cut. They like the idea of people being able to come here to do vital jobs and of blocking those with no or few skills. That, though, doesn't go very far to answer the question "who should we let in?" Nick Robinson's Panorama Immigration: Who should we let in? will be broadcast on BBC One on Wednesday 7 March at 19:30. Or watch it afterwards via the BBC iPlayer.

ब्रेक्सिट के बारे में सभी चर्चाओं के बीच-सीमाओं के बारे में और व्यापार के बारे में-मंत्रियों ने इस बारे में लगभग कुछ नहीं कहा है कि ब्रिटेन के यूरोपीय संघ छोड़ने के बाद आप्रवासन को कैसे नियंत्रित किया जाएगा। वे अभी तक एक बुनियादी सवाल का जवाब नहीं दे पाए हैं-हमें किसे अंदर जाने देना चाहिए?


Concerns for missing jet-skier in Carmarthen Bay

Summary: Concerns are growing for a missing jet-skier in the Carmarthen Bay area.

A man radioed the Coastguard at about 16:00 BST on Sunday to report engine problems. He said he was also "taking a small amount of water". A Coastguard helicopter and three RNLI lifeboats from Tenby, Burry Port and Mumbles have been searching the area, but have not found any sign of the missing man. The search has now been suspended, said the Coastguard.

कार्मार्थेन खाड़ी क्षेत्र में एक लापता जेट-स्कीयर के लिए चिंता बढ़ रही है।


Nottingham's Banksy artwork: 'We needed something like this'

Summary: On Saturday Banksy confirmed a new piece of graffiti on a residential street off Nottingham city centre was by him. By Sunday, the queue to snap a photo of the world-famous artist's work stretched down the road and around the corner.

By David PittamBBC News, Nottingham "Nottingham needed something like this," says Jasinya Powell. It is the first piece of famous art the 39-year-old care assistant has ever seen in real life. She, like many, was so excited when she drove past she swung the car round to grab a photo. "I couldn't believe it was genuine at first - it looked like one, but a Banksy, on Ilkeston Road? "I'm really really happy it was real. He's obviously seen something in this city... it is really uplifting." When we met by the painting on Thursday - before the elusive artist had claimed the work as his - there was just a small crowd. By Sunday hundreds were pouring in from all across Nottingham and further afield, bringing their dogs, children and cameras. People were stopping their cars in the middle of the road just to jump out and take a photo, others had formed an orderly and (largely) socially distanced queue. Many told me they were not that "into" art, but were nevertheless excited and proud the city had been chosen by Banksy, and they wanted to be part of it. As one woman, who had brought her three young children with her, said to me: "It's once in a lifetime, isn't it?" The city has been in the news recently for having the highest rate of coronavirus infections in England. A letterbox just metres away from the work made headlines last week when it became so filled with Covid tests more deliveries had to be put on. Everyone I spoke to said how pleased they were Nottingham was "finally" getting some good publicity. But there was also a feeling Banksy may have been tapping into something more fundamental. The street the artwork is painted on is in Lenton/Radford area, which within living memory was a hub of industry for big names like bicycle-maker Raleigh. But many of these traditional big employers have gone bust or moved away. Whether or not it was deliberate, some have seen the broken bike in the artwork as a nod to this. Natty B, a 59-year-old fitness instructor who was brought up in the area, says he can remember playing with discarded bike parts just as the hula-hooping girl is in the artwork. He said: "He has seen the local heritage - this artwork is Nottingham. I'm amazed and overwhelmed it is here. "But then again why shouldn't a corner of Radford deserve a piece of international art?" Follow BBC East Midlands on Facebook, on Twitter, or on Instagram. Send your story ideas to eastmidsnews@bbc.co.uk.

शनिवार को बैंकसी ने पुष्टि की कि नॉटिंघम शहर के केंद्र में एक आवासीय सड़क पर भित्ति चित्र का एक नया टुकड़ा उनके पास था। रविवार तक, विश्व प्रसिद्ध कलाकार के काम की एक तस्वीर लेने के लिए कतार सड़क के नीचे और कोने के आसपास फैली हुई थी।


Canterbury Cathedral puts stained glass windows on show

Summary: Visitors to Canterbury Cathedral are being given the opportunity to have a close-up look at stained glass windows which date from the 12th Century.

The four windows were removed from the south window while it was being assessed and restored. The stained glass panels depict Methusaleh, Lamech, Josiah and Hezekiah who were ancestors of Christ. The windows will be displayed in light boxes in the cathedral's western crypt for the next few months. The stained glass panels were originally in the clerestory windows of the cathedral quire and date from the time the cathedral was rebuilt after the 1174 fire. The panels which have been in the south window since the 18th Century had to be removed and placed in storage while repair work to the window takes place. The renovation work is expected to take two years to complete.

कैंटरबरी कैथेड्रल के आगंतुकों को 12वीं शताब्दी की रंगीन कांच की खिड़कियों को बारीकी से देखने का अवसर दिया जा रहा है।


Turkey protests: 'It's a fight for freedom'

Summary: There has been further fighting between anti-government protesters and police in Turkey.

The protests initially targeted plans to build on a treasured Istanbul park but have spread into nationwide unrest. Here, protesters describe confrontations with the police and voice their anger at the government. Cagri Tosun, technical director, Ankara, Thursday 6 June I've attended lots of protests in the past few days. Yesterday thousands of us gathered again in Kizilay Square. It started peacefully and people were having lots of fun. We chatted to some of the police and I even took a photo with a policeman, who no doubt fired teargas the previous day. They were telling us that they are very reluctant to do what they are doing, and that they are simply following orders. At one point we heard an announced that we should disperse. We didn't. Then they attacked with teargas bombs. I threw a teargas grenade back to where it came from, before it affected people. It barely affected me because I had a gas mask and gloves. I saw many others, including young ladies, who did the same thing with their bare hands and without a mask. I've never seen this kind of bravery before. They are so powerful, it took minutes to clear the square. But they don't understand the power of the people and that the more they attack, the bigger the crowd gets. On Saturday my mother begged me not to go to the protests, yesterday she took my swimming goggles before joining the protesters herself. What is happening right now in Turkey has never happened before. We are resisting a 'fascist' prime minister and brutal police force in a peaceful way. We don't have guns, only 1% of us throw stones. This is a movement without a head, without a leader. The bond between the people is what gives the movement its momentum. This is resistance without guns and leaders but with intellect, education, humour and a big heart at the centre of it. We have already gained enormous ground and the feeling of victory is fantastic. I am in love with everyone on the streets. I am proud of being a Turkish citizen for the first time in my life and this is an amazing feeling. Cuneyt Goksu, freelance journalist, Istanbul, Wednesday 5 June Last night the crowds were even bigger than previous nights. The number of people protesting is increasing each day and what is noticeable is that you can now see people from different segments of society - working class, professional, retired. People are becoming more active and more defiant. The area is full of people up till midnight. After then it's mostly the core protesters, and this is the time when police move in. Tear gas is very heavily used, but the people are getting used to it. This situation will continue until people see a real response to their demands. They want more than just an apology from a minister (Deputy Prime Minister Bulent Arinc) that isn't even embraced by the core leadership. They want tangible results. To begin with they should abolish the project for Gezi Park. That's how this whole protest started and I think if that demand is met, people will be much happier. Everyone now is calling for the government to resign, but I think this is not going to happen. It's just not realistic to expect that. Another thing people were very unhappy with was that major media channels didn't cover the protests. The only journalists present during the clashes were independent journalists, like myself. We've been documenting the events, but all our material could only appear on social media. The local newspapers I work for didn't take my reports - the media in Turkey does what the government tells it to do. This changed yesterday. They've started publishing material, which means a change of direction. They are trying to say that the disturbances were caused by a small minority and that the nation-wide discontent that has gripped the country doesn't exist. Gokhan Aya, musician, Istanbul, Monday 3 June I went to Besiktas area on Saturday and I never imagined I could see police shooting almost at random. I was lucky to be in my car. My eyes got watery and I started choking 10 minutes before I even reached the area. Everyone got enraged because the protesters were peaceful, they did absolutely nothing. They were attacked as if they were members of an enemy army. They thought they'd scare them away and clear the area to build their shopping mall and hotels. Not only did they not scare the protesters, but things escalated more and more each day. Now many people are taking leave, or quitting their jobs, in order to make it out on the streets. Right now there are thousands of people demonstrating outside headquarters of various media companies. The media coverage of the events of the past days has been absolutely unbelievable. The streets were packed with people, yet all you could see on TV were cooking shows and nature documentaries. And you just don't know how much this angers people. The struggle to preserve this park has become symbolic for people's desperate desire to have their voices heard. Every day we are getting further away from democracy and closer to autocracy with a prime minister who acts like a sultan. We are absolutely tired of shopping malls and turning of green areas and historic monuments into temples of commercialism. There's been a continuous attack on our lifestyle, our beliefs and freedoms and we are now reaching a turning point. Mr Erdogan has often been saying that he is not backing down. But this time I think people won't back down either. The only exciting thing for me has been the unity among people from different social and religious backgrounds. This united front wasn't organised by anyone and it's great to see such solidarity between all parts of society. Now, this is a matter of democracy and freedom and I hope this government comes out of its state of denial before there is more trouble. Elif Irem Koc, student, Istanbul, Monday 3 June I've been at the protests over the past three days. No-one knew on Friday morning just how big the protests were going to get. Information started appearing on Facebook and Twitter with eyewitness accounts describing brutal police action against peaceful protesters. The whole city reacted. Some people, like myself went to Taksim to join protesters, others who didn't go out expressed their solidarity in other ways. People would open their windows and doors and start making noise by banging pots and pans, or turn the lights on and off. We reached Besiktas area to join hundreds of others. Police used water cannon, gas bombs, trying to push people back. People would go closer to the firing line for as long as they could before starting to choke and throw up. Then they'd pull out to breathe, while others would move closer to police. Last night we went back to Besiktas to discover road blocks, barricades, and police firing gas bombs. I was in the middle of it, about 100m away from them. They were firing four, five gas bombs every minute. We didn't have anywhere to go, because all side streets were blocked. Somebody from one of the apartment buildings opened the door and let us in. From a few floors up I saw police firing gas into an apartment building to get the protesters out. The government should be ashamed of these actions and it should resign immediately. So many people disagree with their policies. Yes, they have their voters, who because of the media blackout don't know, and probably don't care, about what is happening. But we are voters too and we are not happy and the only way out of this situation is early elections. Until that happens, people will keep protesting. Deniz, computer engineer, Istanbul, Monday 3 June I've been protesting for the past three days. I've taken part in protests before, but this was very different. On Friday I left work with a lot of anger and sadness because I had read accounts on social media about what happened in Gezi Park and how the police attacked protesters there. Me and my friends decided to see what's happening. We gathered information about how we can protect ourselves. We made special solution for our eyes and mouth for the teargas. We bought simple masks and swimming goggles. In our numerous attempts to reach Taksim through blocked roads, we came face to face with the police. They fired teargas or gas bombs, I am not sure which one. Me and my friend were very close to them. I've never been so scared in my life. I turned around and started running in the other direction. My friend was hit by something on her chest. It was dark, we couldn't see what happened. She was crying and saying how hot it was. I know a lot of people seriously injured. A friend of mine set up a medical room in a mosque, they took care of people there. He said there were people who lost their fingers. The small protest turned into a much bigger one, all over Turkey. All kinds of people got together for a common cause. Complete strangers helped each other. People opened up their houses for those who were running from the police. These days were remarkable, I only wish no-one got injured. This is a protest not only against development of the park, but against the dictatorship of our government and the brutality of our police. This is the start of a revolution in Turkey. Burcu Keskiner, student, Istanbul, Monday 3 June I haven't taken part in protests so far, but I will join protesters later in Taksim square. The people already there need the support of all of us, we should stand together and make our position clear. Our media portrays the events of the last few days as protests against the development of Gezi Park. They've described protesters as criminals and not surprisingly many people across Turkey are not aware of the real situation here. The only source of real information have been social media sites and people like myself have become more determined to join forces with protesters. It's clear that the police's intention was to hurt people who are against the government. They've been throwing gas bombs not just in open spaces, but inside buildings too. They haven't been letting ambulances reach Taksim Square to treat injured people. But despite all of this, the crowds are getting bigger and bigger. The government has no right to tell us how much to drink, to use Islam to manipulate us, or to harm us during peaceful protests. This is no longer a fight for trees. The people of Turkey are fighting for their freedom. Interviews by Krassimira Twigg

तुर्की में सरकार विरोधी प्रदर्शनकारियों और पुलिस के बीच और लड़ाई हुई है।


Drivers in Wales ticketed every 10 minutes, says Brake

Summary: A fixed penalty for careless driving or speeding is issued every 10 minutes in Wales, according to the road safety charity Brake.

The charity said 111 people were killed and more than 1,000 seriously injured on Welsh roads last year. It is launching its "look out for each other" campaign at the start of Road Safety Week. It said: "Road crashes are not accidents; they are devastating and preventable events."

सड़क सुरक्षा चैरिटी ब्रेक के अनुसार, वेल्स में हर 10 मिनट में लापरवाही से गाड़ी चलाने या तेज गति से गाड़ी चलाने के लिए एक निश्चित जुर्माना जारी किया जाता है।


Islamic State: Why Turkey prefers Iraq's Kurds in fight against IS

Summary: As Turkey announces that it will allow Peshmerga fighters to cross its border into Syria to help defend the town of Kobane from Islamic State militants, the BBC's Mark Lowen explains Ankara's relations with the various Kurdish factions and why it is backing Iraqi and not Turkish Kurds in the fight against IS.

"There is no such thing as 'Kurds'. They are simply 'mountain Turks'." So went the belief of successive Turkish governments in the 1980s and 1990s when the Kurdish insurgency in Turkey was at its height. Many Kurds were fighting for a separate state; Ankara suppressed the territorial hopes - and greater rights for the Kurdish minority - at any cost. Over 40,000 people were killed in the armed conflict between the Turkish state and the Kurdistan Workers' Party, the PKK, still outlawed here and labelled a terrorist organisation by Turkey, the EU and the US. The conflict came to an end in 2012 and a peace process got under way, which endures - just. That deep-seated hostility towards the PKK has complicated Turkey's relationship with Kurdish fighters in Syria. Their political branch - the PYD - is seen as the PKK's sister party. The Turkish government calls it, and the YPG Kurdish militia, terrorists. As Ankara blocked Turkish Kurds from crossing into Syria to fight, rage here boiled over and 30 people were killed in Kurdish protests. But Turkey's stance towards the Kurds in Iraq is very different. As the government of Sunni Turkey fell out with its Shia-led counterpart in Baghdad, the Kurds of northern Iraq were a crucial ally. And energy became key to the relationship between Ankara and the semi-autonomous Iraqi Kurdistan. Turkey needs the oil produced there, pumping around 120,000 barrels a day through a 600-mile long pipeline from Kirkuk to the southern Turkish port of Ceyhan. Less threatening ally The economic traffic is two-way - Iraq is now the second biggest export market for Turkey, much of it to the Kurdistan regional government. A Turkish company built the new airport at Irbil, the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan. And so economic advantage has subsumed ethnic division as Turkey's relationship with the Iraqi Kurds blossoms. That's why Ankara has decided that it's the Kurdish fighters from Iraq who can enter Syria to join the militia, not those from Turkey. Kurds here are still seen through the prism of the PKK, while the Peshmerga in Iraq are part of a semi-autonomous state with which Turkey can do business. And, trained and armed by the West, the Peshmerga are seen as a far more reliable, and less threatening, ally. Turkey's government is treading a delicate line - attempting to calm its core nationalist voters at home while bowing to pressure from Washington to help the Kurds in Syria battle Islamic State. Perhaps, with the Peshmerga move, it has struck a compromise that will help placate all sides.

जैसे ही तुर्की ने घोषणा की कि वह पेशमर्गा लड़ाकों को इस्लामिक स्टेट के आतंकवादियों से कोबानी शहर की रक्षा करने में मदद करने के लिए सीरिया में अपनी सीमा पार करने की अनुमति देगा, बीबीसी के मार्क लोवेन विभिन्न कुर्द गुटों के साथ अंकारा के संबंधों के बारे में बताते हैं और बताते हैं कि वह आईएस के खिलाफ लड़ाई में इराकी कुर्दों का समर्थन क्यों कर रहा है न कि तुर्की कुर्दों का।


Former Real IRA leader Michael McKevitt dies

Summary: Former Real IRA leader Michael McKevitt has died.

In June 2009, he was one of four men found liable for the Omagh bombing. The Omagh bomb is the worst single atrocity during almost 30 years of the Troubles in Northern Ireland. The 71-year-old, from Blackrock in County Louth, had been diagnosed with cancer a number of years ago and was the alleged founder of dissident republican group the Real IRA. The Real IRA was formed after a split in the mainstream Provisional IRA (PIRA) in October 1997, after Sinn Féin became involved in the peace process. In August 2003 McKevitt was found guilty of directing terrorism and membership of an illegal organisation. The Irish government had introduced the new offence in response to the Omagh attack. He was not charged over the Omagh bomb but was the first person to be prosecuted for directing terrorism in the Republic of Ireland and was sentenced to 20 years in prison. In a landmark civil case in 2009, the High Court in Belfast ruled McKevitt and three other men were liable for the 1998 Omagh bomb that killed 29 people and unborn twins. The other three men were Liam Campbell, Colm Murphy and Seamus Daly. He was released from prison in 2016 after serving a 20-year sentence. The 71-year-old was married to Bernadette Sands McKevitt, a sister of IRA hunger striker Bobby Sands.

रियल आई. आर. ए. के पूर्व नेता माइकल मैककेविट का निधन हो गया है।


Does the world need polymaths?

Summary: Two hundred years ago, it was still possible for one person to be a leader in several different fields of inquiry. Today that is no longer the case. So is there a role in today's world for the polymath - someone who knows a lot about a lot of things?

By David EdmondsBBC News "The winner of the 1964 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry, which British X-Ray crystallographer was instrumental in…" "Man produces evil as a bee produces honey. These are the words of which Nobel laureate, born in Cornwall in 1911, his novels include Pincher Martin, the Inheritors and Rites of…" Obviously you don't need to hear the rest of these questions to know the answers. At least, not if you're Eric Monkman or Bobby Seagull. Seagull's fist-pumping and natty dressing, and Monkman's furrowed brow, flashing teeth, contorted facial expressions and vocal delivery - like a fog horn with a hangover - made these two young men the stars of the last University Challenge competition. "Wolfson, Monkman" and "Emmanuel, Seagull" became familiar phrases, Monkmania became a hashtag. They squared off as opposing captains in the semi-finals (though in the final itself, the team from Balliol College, Oxford triumphed). At Cambridge, Monkman and Seagull forged a most unlikely friendship. The Canadian, Eric Monkman, is the middle-class son of two doctors. Bobby Seagull's family originate in Kerala, India, and he was raised in a working-class part of east London, before gaining a scholarship to Britain's most elite private school, Eton. "If I got married tomorrow, I'd ask Eric to be my best man," says Seagull. Find out more They're still recognised in the street. "People often ask me, do you intimidate people with your knowledge," says Monkman. "But the opposite is the case. I have wide knowledge but no deep expertise. I am intimidated by experts." Seagull, like Monkman, feels an intense pressure to specialise. They regard themselves as Jacks-of-all-Trades, without being master of one. "When I was young what I really wanted to do was know a lot about a lot," says Monkman. "Now I feel that if I want to make a novel contribution to society I need to know a great deal about one tiny thing." The belief that researchers need to specialise goes back at least two centuries. From the beginning of the 19th Century, research has primarily been the preserve of universities. Ever since, says Stefan Collini, Professor of Intellectual History and English Literature at Cambridge University, researchers have labels attached to them. "They're professor of this or that, and you get a much more self-conscious sense of the institutional divides between domains of knowledge." Before then, there were some polymaths who made original contributions in multiple areas. The word polymath stems from the Greek, polus, meaning "much" or "many" and mathe, meaning "learning". The first use of the word has been traced to the 17th Century. From the Renaissance, people such as Leonardo da Vinci - painter, sculptor, architect, physicist, anatomist, philosopher, geologist and biologist - gave rise to a synonym of polymath, the "Renaissance man". One polymath/Renaissance Man was Thomas Young (1773-1829), the subject of a biography by Andrew Robinson entitled The Last Man Who Knew Everything. Young was a physician and physicist, whose achievements were breathtaking. He established the wave theory of light, undertook pioneering work in optics and studied 400 languages, helped decode the hieroglyphs on the Rosetta Stone - and much, much more. And to confound any notion that he was a sort of 19th Century uber-geek, he was also an accomplished dancer and gymnast. These days, any ambition to contribute to many disciplines is probably unrealistic. It takes years of immersion just to reach the boundary of our current knowledge in any one area. Today's polymaths might share the same personal qualities as Thomas Young - an abundance of grey matter, of course, combined with relentless curiosity and a tendency to workaholicism (Young barely slept) - but they are repositories of scholarship rather than contributors to it. Monkman and Seagull's selected polymaths Eric's choice: Stephen Leacock (1869-1944): Anglo-Canadian political scientist and economist famous in Canada today for his collections of humorous essays and stories. The subjects of his comedy include academia, mathematics, life in rural Canada and the "leisure classes" described by his mentor Thorstein Veblen. When browsing a bookshelf in Canada, I always hope to find an early Stephen Leacock collection. Joseph Needham (1900-1995): British biochemist, sinologist and historian. As a biochemist, Needham studied chemical embryology. As a sinologist, he was one of the first Westerners to realise the depth of Chinese accomplishments in science. This led him to pose the "Needham Question", asking why modern science arose in Europe but not in China. I find this an intriguing mystery. Bobby's choice: Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179): This German Benedictine abbess was a theologian, writer, poet, composer, artist, linguist, medical researcher and botanist. She is regarded as the founder of scientific natural history in Germany and is one of the first historically identifiable composers in Western music. I was taught about her during my years at St Bonaventure's Catholic secondary school. Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941): The Calcutta-born "Bard of Bengal" was the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize for Literature (1913). India chose one of his musical compositions for its national anthem, while Bangladesh chose one of his poems. He was also a painter, and founded the renowned Visva-Bharati University. My father, who studied Bengali literature at university, introduced me to Tagore at a young age. So is there still a useful role for today's clever-clog - besides ringer in the pub quiz team? Stefan Collini says that in many Western societies "there is a populist hostility to expertise in public life". It may be that polymaths, with their broader gaze, have an important role in communicating specialist fields. What's more, with ever narrowing specialism there is a need for generalists to synthesise information, to make connections between the discipline silos. A contemporary polymath, the American academic Jared Diamond, drew on his interest in geography, evolution, anthropology, history and botany, to develop a theory explaining how it was that Eurasian and North African civilisations came to conquer others. It was turned into a best-selling book, Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies. Diamond is one of Stephen Fry's favourite polymaths. Fry - actor, comedian, writer and general egghead - is himself on the polymathic spectrum. He says he shares a personality trait with other polymaths - inquisitiveness. "If you know a lot, it's because you're curious," he says. "You have this impulse to know and, therefore, things stick to you. You put on, as it were, epistemological weight. I have always been fantastically greedy to know things." Monkman and Seagull love knowing a lot of stuff. You might find them reading about the French Revolution one day, and about genetics or astronomy the next. Despite their anxiety about spreading themselves too thin, they share Fry's appetite to know. It's an overwhelming craving, likely to frustrate any countervailing drive to master one topic. By the way. The answer to those two questions. Dorothy Hodgkin was the crystallographer, and William Golding the novelist. But you knew that anyway. David Edmonds (@DavidEdmonds100) is the producer of Monkman and Seagull's Polymathic Adventure, on Radio 4 at 20:30 on 21 August.

दो सौ साल पहले, एक व्यक्ति के लिए जांच के कई अलग-अलग क्षेत्रों में नेता बनना अभी भी संभव था। आज ऐसा नहीं है। तो क्या आज की दुनिया में बहुश्रुत की भूमिका है-कोई ऐसा व्यक्ति जो बहुत सी चीजों के बारे में बहुत कुछ जानता है?


Borders to Edinburgh railway: Roadworks hit by fresh delay

Summary: Roadworks in Galashiels ahead of the reopening of the Borders to Edinburgh railway are facing a fresh delay to their completion.

Winston Road has been shut for over a year and had been scheduled to reopen to drivers in September. However, that first deadline was missed and it had been hoped it could open this week. Now waterproofing work is running behind schedule so it will be at least another week before it reopens. Network Rail apologised for the delay which it said was due to bad weather. The works have required the excavation of "tonnes of material" which has lain under Winston Road for over 40 years. It was in order to allow the new railway bed to be constructed at the right level and for a new road bridge to then be built over the railway. The Borders to Edinburgh railway is scheduled to reopen in September next year.

एडिनबर्ग रेलवे के लिए सीमाओं को फिर से खोलने से पहले गैलेशियल्स में सड़क कार्यों को पूरा करने में एक नई देरी का सामना करना पड़ रहा है।


Nato and Serbia put bombing behind them

Summary: The Nato anthem does not get too many airings in Serbia. But Serbia is for the first time hosting a large-scale Nato-led exercise, so this little-heard music has been blaring out this week at Mladenovac, about an hour outside Belgrade.

By Guy DelauneyBBC News, Balkans correspondent Serbians have not forgotten Nato's actions in 1999, when alliance aircraft bombed the country for 78 days, in an effort to force Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic to withdraw troops from Kosovo and allow international peacekeepers in. Other ex-Yugoslav countries may have joined Nato, but public opinion in Serbia remains strongly opposed. As the anthem plays, Serbia's President, Aleksandar Vucic, and Nato Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg stand straight-backed, almost at attention, along with representatives of three dozen states. Behind them, an emblem merges Serbia's flag with the Nato banner for an exercise involving Nato's main civil emergency response system. The scene in Mladenovac may come as a jolt to those who have Belgrade down as a staunch ally of Moscow. In fact, Serbia has long pursued a policy of military neutrality and its troops regularly take part in exercises organised by both Russia and Nato. Both sides are at pains to point out that this is not a military exercise but Mr Vucic tells the BBC that he feels it is time for Serbia to re-examine its negative feelings about Nato. "I think it's all about emotional issues - mainly because of 1999 and the Kosovo issue. This is something that we need to work on - and that's what we're going to do in the future. I think that after a while, we're going to have to put things on more rational foundations. And it will happen." After inspecting the participants and their activities, Mr Vucic and Mr Stoltenberg head to Belgrade to address a security forum. It has the air of a charm offensive. But Mr Stoltenberg says that there is no question of making a hard sell. "Serbia is a neutral country; they work with Nato and have many exercises and projects with us," he says. "But they also have co-operation with Russia. And we respect that as a decision of a sovereign nation." Even so, the Western Balkans is currently causing Nato much concern. From allegations of Russian meddling in Montenegro and Macedonia to the election of a Serb separatist to the Bosnian presidency and proposed territory swaps between Kosovo and Serbia, there is an unsettled and, says Mr Stoltenberg, undesirable mood across the region. "The partnership with Serbia has become more important. The fact is, we have seen some tendencies towards returning to the very strong nationalistic rhetoric of the past. And we have to avoid that." But whether Serbians are willing to accept closer ties to Nato is another question. 'We can all gain a lot' A stroll around Belgrade confirms that the alliance still rankles among many people. Anti-Nato murals and graffiti are reminders of the 1999 Nato bombing campaign which succeeded in forcing then-President Slobodan Milosevic to withdraw troops from Kosovo - but left shattered government buildings and enduring resentment in Belgrade. Misa Djurkovic, the director of Belgrade's Institute for European Studies, says it is hard to see attitudes changing. "After 2000, Nato countries have continued to lead general regional politics here very much based on double standards." she says. "People are coming to the very logical conclusion that Nato is not doing many things which would improve their perception of the West." But others are convinced that with EU accession talks ongoing, it is inevitable that Serbia will move further towards the West. Jelena Milic of Belgrade's Center for Euro Atlantic Studies is one of them. "We can all gain a lot. The country moving closer to the political West - for the time being militarily neutral - but with a process of EU integration which could lead to democratic oversight over the army. But most importantly, cutting the key avenue of Russian influence in the region." Of course, the disaster response exercise could also be taken at face value, rather than a sign of any shift in allegiances. But with the 20th anniversary of the Nato bombing approaching, it does seem that rather than recriminations, reconciliation may be in the air.

सर्बिया में नाटो गान का बहुत अधिक प्रसारण नहीं होता है। लेकिन सर्बिया पहली बार बड़े पैमाने पर नाटो के नेतृत्व वाले अभ्यास की मेजबानी कर रहा है, इसलिए यह छोटा सा संगीत इस सप्ताह बेलग्रेड से लगभग एक घंटे बाहर म्लादेनोवाक में बज रहा है।


Woman killed on South Molton farm as tractor overturns

Summary: A woman has died after a tractor overturned in a field.

The 64-year-old local woman was pronounced dead at the scene at Little Wadham Farm, Knowstone, South Molton in north Devon, at about 17:00 BST on Wednesday. The air ambulance attended and Devon and Cornwall Police officers are investigating the circumstances of her death. The Health and Safety Executive have been informed, police said.

खेत में ट्रैक्टर पलटने से एक महिला की मौत हो गई है।


Aberdeen City Council pay action 'moves step nearer'

Summary: Council staff in Aberdeen have moved a step closer to possible industrial action after officials recommended withholding an annual salary rise this year.

A consultation with staff and unions has been ongoing for the past three months. The conclusions will be discussed by councillors at a finance committee meeting next week. The local authority is looking at ways of saving £4.5m. A delegation of union representatives is to address the committee next Thursday. Tommy Campbell of Unite said if the proposals were approved, unions planned to take action.

एबरडीन में परिषद के कर्मचारियों ने इस साल वार्षिक वेतन वृद्धि को रोकने की अधिकारियों की सिफारिश के बाद संभावित औद्योगिक कार्रवाई के करीब एक कदम बढ़ा दिया है।


NHS 70: Can we keep feeding the NHS financial beast?

Summary: We are continually hearing about the problems facing the NHS. There is talk of crisis even. Recently there has been suggestion there could be a special tax in future in Wales to try to help it. But is it all about money?

By Sarah DickinsBBC Wales economics correspondent At Down To Earth, they specialise in tackling mental health, which takes up more than 11% of the NHS Wales budget. "If you go to a doctor you get given a prescription, which is great, for a lot of people that works but for some people nothing changes in their lives," said Jon Bayley, lead facilitator at the Swansea-based project. "And that's the problem - what's going on in their lives is contributing to their poor mental health." The NHS in Wales is increasingly turning to approaches like this to heal people. Patients with brain injuries, mental health issues, stress and anxiety have been referred here for the last 10 years by the local health board, Abertawe Bro Morgannwg. They work on building projects, including developing offices and residential blocks for future visitors. The project has been evaluated by Swansea University on its effectiveness and it is argued it is a cheaper and more effective method than antidepressants. "It's a frightening thing to come to a new place - with people you don't know and to learn to do something you've never done before," said Mr Bayley. "But because of the environment, people's confidence goes up so quickly. A course of Down To Earth is as effective in treating depression and anxiety as a course of medication in an eight-week period. It's cheaper because the effects last longer." You might be interested in these stories: The NHS Wales is a vast beast eating up more than £7.5bn including social services in the last year - nearly half of all the Welsh Government's spending. For mental health alone, it costs £228.79 per head. Prof Marcus Longley is a health economist who has studied NHS finances closely and has since become chairman of Cwm Taf health board in the south Wales valleys. "Financially the story has been a bit of a mess really," he said. "For the first 10 years of this century the health service in the UK had about a 50% real terms increase in resources - huge. "Since then, the last eight or nine years, every single year has been a real terms cut - that's not helpful, boom and bust does not help the health service plan ahead." But the health service is treating more and more of us. On average we make more trips to the GP (19m estimated a year in Wales), more to outpatients and our visits to hospital emergency units are now consistently above the 1m mark each year. The health service across Wales is trying to work smarter. At Aneurin Bevan - the Newport and Gwent valleys health board named after the NHS's founding father 70 years ago - they are working with people outside health to find better ways of operating. Prof Sue Bale, director of innovation at the health board, said it was also about looking at getting best value and looking for new solutions. It has already brought in two maths experts to improve how they do things - including improving workflows inside A&E departments. It has already saved £250,000 in eight months just by looking at a better system for reducing bed pressure sores. "We need to look at how we partner with industry, what about the charities and voluntary sector and those organisations who can work together to provide new innovations for patients," said Prof Bale. "It's very interesting what you can do with the money you've got if you do things differently. Do you put your money up front of the disease or the treatment? Or do you put the money into the treatment arm of it? It's about how you can use technologies and all the different solutions that are out there to benefit patients." But health is closely affected by other factors like diet, poverty and levels of social care. So is working differently enough to cope with growing demand. Do we need to spend more as well? Prof Gerald Holtham of Cardiff Metropolitan University has been examining the finances of social care in Wales and is preparing a report for the Welsh Government. "We know that demand is going to rise - at the moment 23% of the population is over 70, by 2045 the number will be nearly 35%. That's bound to increase the demand for health and social care," he said. "The money has to come from somewhere and it can't come from other parts of the Welsh budget. Unless the British government raises taxes and sends more money to Wales, then the Welsh Government will have to do it itself. "It would have to persuade the public they would have to pay a levy of some sort to finance the growth of the health service and social care." Eventually it could be an extra 2p in the pound on income tax. The UK Government has now promised that the NHS in England will get a £20bn boost to its budget to 2023. Health Secretary Jeremy Hunt said there would be "an increased burden of taxation" to fund the 3.4% average annual rises. The 70th "birthday present" would include a knock-on effect of an extra £1.2bn to Wales although the Welsh Government cabinet will decide how this will be spent. The anniversary is an opportunity to both celebrate the achievements but also to question whether the systems that we have developed over the years deliver what patients want now. At the same time the debate about what we can afford to fund as a society is getting ever complicated. Medical and technological breakthroughs are achieving heights barely imaginable a decade ago. For more than two decades there has been a mantra that relatively low income tax is a good thing; is that beginning to change? UK-wide surveys seem to suggest that they are. The challenge is enormous: to adapt, embrace technology, change ways of working, enable more people to stay healthy for longer and within a budget that taxpayers are prepare to pay for.

हम एन. एच. एस. के सामने आने वाली समस्याओं के बारे में लगातार सुन रहे हैं। संकट की भी चर्चा हो रही है। हाल ही में यह सुझाव दिया गया है कि भविष्य में वेल्स में एक विशेष कर लगाया जा सकता है ताकि इसकी मदद की जा सके। लेकिन क्या यह सब पैसे के बारे में है?


Grenade kills two children in Jaffna

Summary: Police in northern Sri Lanka say at least two school children have been killed and seven others injured in an explosion, thought to have been caused by a discarded grenade.

Officials say the blast happened on the Jaffna Peninsula when the children began playing with what they thought was a ball, which then blew up. Northern Sri Lanka witnessed heavy fighting between the security forces and the Tamil Tiger rebels during the civil war which ended last year. There are fears that the region is still littered with unexploded shells and grenades.

उत्तरी श्रीलंका में पुलिस का कहना है कि एक विस्फोट में कम से कम दो स्कूली बच्चों की मौत हो गई है और सात अन्य घायल हो गए हैं, माना जाता है कि यह एक फेंके गए ग्रेनेड के कारण हुआ था।


Samsung OLED TVs go missing on way to fair

Summary: Two cutting-edge TVs, each with a rumoured price tag of $10,000 (£6,300), have gone missing en route to a consumer electronics fair in Germany.

The 55in (140cm) OLED (organic light-emitting diodes) television sets were due to go on show at IFA in Berlin. According to Samsung, the TVs disappeared between 21 and 28 August, but it was unclear exactly where. Samsung has not commented on speculation they may have been stolen for industrial espionage purposes. Picture quality A company spokesman said that it would not threaten its presence at the show because there were more sets at its booth. It has lodged an official complaint with local police. OLED systems are touted as the successors to liquid crystal displays. Manufacturers are keen to show off the ultra-thin screens and high quality picture although the technology is currently too expensive for mass-market TVs. IFA (Internationale Funkausstellung) is Europe's largest consumer electronics fair.

जर्मनी में एक उपभोक्ता इलेक्ट्रॉनिक्स मेले के रास्ते में 10,000 डॉलर (6,300 पाउंड) के कथित मूल्य वाले दो अत्याधुनिक टीवी गायब हो गए हैं।


London Tube strike: The view from King's Cross Station

Summary: Heavier traffic, lengthy bus queues and a collection of flag-waving London Underground workers meant only one thing at King's Cross on Tuesday morning - another 48-hour Tube strike. In typical British fashion, the latest disruption over proposed ticket office closures and job cuts was met with quiet resilience and gritted teeth, with the odd story of inconvenience confided when pressed.

By Josephine McDermottBBC News Tony Ibrahim was waiting at a crowded bus stop as buses bound for Angel left packed full of customers. Police community support officers urged passengers to fill up all available space inside the buses. He was trying to get to a training course for reps of the Unite union. His job? A bus driver. The irony was not lost on him as he presented his membership card chuckling, with his lorry driver friend Colin Miller also on his way to the course. "It took me 45 minutes to go from Walthamstow to Seven Sisters," he said. It would usually take about five minutes on the Underground but there was no service on Tuesday morning from Walthamstow. "We're going to learn how to be the next Bob Crow," said Mr Ibrahim, referring to the RMT leader who died suddenly last month. "We're not moaning," said Mr Ibrahim, who said he had tried to get on several different buses. "People don't lose two days' money for no reason. But we can understand the frustration." Bruce Carnaby, a futures trader on his way from Royston near Cambridge to Monument was one of the frustrated. As he waited to try and get on a bus he estimated his total journey time would be at least an hour longer than usual. "I'm not entirely sure I know why they're striking," he said, echoing a number of responses at King's Cross. "It just seems they need a strike every year." Having been furnished with the reasons, he said: "We do seem to have lost all semblance of service in this country. We were built as a nation in service to customers." Accounts manager Angie Ortiz had to watch five full buses go past her stop in Brixton before she could get on one. "I had to wait 20 minutes to get on a bus and it's a 10-minute journey," she said. Asked if she supported the strikers, she said: "By striking they are making a point however they are making everyone else suffer which is a bit of a nuisance." An ambulance worker who did not wish to be named said the strike placed an extra burden on the emergency services with contingency plans having to be put in place. He questioned the grounds for the strike given that London Underground has said there will be no compulsory redundancies. "The environment for how the public pay for their services is changing. It's old school to think sitting behind a window at a counter is always going to be your job. "Other people are losing jobs left right and centre." At the picket line, spirits were high. Members of the public had been offering support, strikers said, and some British Airways workers dropped by with chocolates in solidarity. A long-running dispute between British Airways and Unite over staffing levels, pay and conditions ended in 2011. "They've been through it," said a picketer. And little says companionship and camaraderie in Britain better than chocolate.

भारी यातायात, लंबी बस कतारें और झंडा लहराते लंदन अंडरग्राउंड श्रमिकों के एक समूह का मतलब मंगलवार की सुबह किंग्स क्रॉस में केवल एक ही बात थी-एक और 48 घंटे की ट्यूब हड़ताल। विशिष्ट ब्रिटिश फैशन में, प्रस्तावित टिकट कार्यालय बंद होने और नौकरी में कटौती पर नवीनतम व्यवधान को शांत लचीलापन और कठोर दांतों के साथ सामना करना पड़ा, जब असुविधा की विषम कहानी को दबाया गया।


Man charged over fatal stabbing at Hornsey flats

Summary: A suspect has been charged with murdering a man who was stabbed to death in north London.

James O'Keefe, 47, was found fatally wounded at Shelley House, a block of flats in Boyton Road, Hornsey, at about 18:00 GMT on Monday. George Nolan, 54, of Mount Pleasant Road, Tottenham, is due to appear before magistrates at Highbury later. A 48-year-old man arrested on suspicion of murder has been released with no further action.

एक संदिग्ध पर उत्तरी लंदन में चाकू मारकर हत्या करने का आरोप लगाया गया है।


Be badass! Meet Leeds and Reading's 'female headliner'

Summary: This woman is headlining Leeds and Reading in a parallel world.

By Anna DobleNewsbeat online editor She is 22-year-old Becca Macintyre from Marmozets and she is the singer at the top of the bill once you remove the all-male groups. She emerged as a "headliner" when versions of festival posters were edited to leave just bands with at least one female musician. "It's opened up people's eyes," she tells Newsbeat, about the Photoshopped line-ups shared on social media. "I have no role models apart from my mum and best mates," Becca adds. There's a similar lack of women at other predominantly rock festivals. So is it a problem? Becca says she's not too worried about being one of the only women at most of the big events she plays. But she reckons the music industry is partly to blame for putting out female stereotypes in videos. "We've all been brainwashed! When all these videos started getting a lot more sexual... it's all we see." But she is optimistic things are changing. "I feel like a storm is brewing, it only takes a couple [of big female rock artists] like it did for Blondie [the 1970s rock legends, led by Debbie Harry]. "It's about waking up girls and [saying] you can do this as well." She describes her own band as a "furious five-piece band that just want to have fun". Watch: Marmozets played the BBC Introducing Stage at Glastonbury in 2014 So what is her message to teenage girls considering a career in music? "You can be badass and get up there and scream on stage and do what you want to do! "What kind of idols do my little sisters have? My little sister is 11 and a fan of what I do. "My mum and best mates... they're my role models, they're the ones that keep me going and fighting for what I believe in." Music blog Crack in the Road first posted the "blank bill" images. The real headline acts at Leeds and Reading are Metallica, Mumford and Sons and The Libertines. So which of the "man bands" will Becca be choosing to watch this summer? "Err, out of all of them, to be honest... The Libertines." Newsbeat has contacted the organisers of Leeds and Reading festivals and awaits comment. Becca will feature on the Radio 1 Rock Show on Sunday 8 March. Follow @BBCNewsbeat on Twitter, BBCNewsbeat on Instagram and Radio1Newsbeat on YouTube

यह महिला लीड्स और रीडिंग को एक समानांतर दुनिया में शीर्षक दे रही है।


This is what an empty Fabric looks like after the club was shut down

Summary: This is what an empty Fabric looks like.

The legendary London club has been shut down after recent deaths blamed on a "culture of drugs". The end of Fabric follows a wave of club closures with nearly half the UK's nightclubs shutting their doors in just 10 years. Fabric launched in 1999 and over its 17-year life became an iconic venue for dance music - from house to drum and bass. Anyone who's ever been clubbing there will see for themselves how different it looks now the party is over. On Tuesday night Radio 1 Newsbeat hosted a discussion from its deserted premises. Saul Milton from Chase and Status said that drug laws in the UK needed to be looked at because venues shouldn't be "in trouble" for the actions of individuals. Alice Woods, a club promoter in the north of England, said the emotion around the closure had been felt across the UK. It's about "saving a culture" not just Fabric itself, she added. Simon Roberts tweeted that "Fabric was unfortunately the beacon for drug use". But Bill Brewster, one of Fabric's first resident DJs, thinks authorities in London need to "rethink their drugs policy" and be "sensible" about club life. Ollie Beavis tweeted that "half the reason I started DJing was to play Fabric". He added that "it's like Wembley closing for a young footballer". Police say they're willing to "enter a dialogue" with club owners and the government about new rules around clubbing. Newsbeat Explains is a new way of experiencing news piece by piece - click here to try it with the future of clubbing. Find us on Instagram at BBCNewsbeat and follow us on Snapchat, search for bbc_newsbeat

खाली कपड़ा इस तरह दिखता है।


Death of woman at Dundee's Dighty Burn not suspicious

Summary: The death of a woman whose body was recovered from a burn in Dundee is not being treated as suspicious, police have confirmed.

The discovery was made at the Dighty Burn in Finlathen Park at about 09:15 on 3 March. A police tent was erected by the side of the water following the discovery and the area cordoned off. A Police Scotland spokeswoman said the death was being treated as unexplained and inquiries were continuing.

पुलिस ने पुष्टि की है कि एक महिला की मौत, जिसका शव डंडी में जलने से बरामद किया गया था, को संदिग्ध नहीं माना जा रहा है।