Hsin Tao
Shih Hsin Tao  (; born October 11, 1948) is a Buddhist monk of the Linji School (Chan Buddhism) based in Taiwan and the founder of the Ling Jiou Mountain Buddhist Society (LJM). He also founded the Museum of World Religions (MWR) and the NGO initiative ‘Global Family for Love & Peace’ (GFLP).

Biography

Early years 
Born in 1948 in Laikan Village, Laidaoshan Region, Lashio, Myanmar, to parents of Chinese origin from the Province of Yunnan . The given name was YANG Xiao-Sheng (Chinese: 楊小生).

His father YANG Xiao-Cai was killed in 1952 and his mother LI Shu-Jen went missing with his  younger sister YANG Xiao-Ping and were never to hear from again. War-orphaned at the age  of 4, YANG Xiao-Sheng was first raised by his aunt YANG Xiao-Si who passed away shortly  thereafter and his uncle-in-law YIN Hu-Nan took him along into the mountains as a hobo until  1957, when Uncle Yin’s buddy army officer LU Ding-Zhou encouraged the 9-year old boy to  join the guerilla army to have access to learning things. His given name was changed to  YANG Jian-Sheng but mis-spelled as YANG Jin-Sheng (Chinese: 楊進生) for formalities. 

YANG was with the Solitary Army which retreated to Taiwan in 1961 and was enrolled in the Company of Youngster Soldiers stationed in the Chengkungling Army Training Center. He was admitted to the Hsin-Hsing Elementary School of Tan-zi Township in Taichung in early 1963 but later started schooling at the Yuan-Shu-Lin Elementary School in Da-si Township, Taoyuan, when the army base was moved to Taoyuan.

Spiritual Journey 
YANG couldn’t stop his tears upon first hearing the holy name of Bodhisattva Guanyin in 1963. Yang began to chant the Great Compassion Mantra, reciting the Universal Gate Chapter of the Lotus Sutra and reading Buddha's life stories. He took refuge in Bodhisattva Guanyin.

YANG passed the examination for admission to the Long-Tan Vocational School of Agriculture in Taoyuan in 1964 but transferred to the Guan-Hsi Junior High School in Hsinchu in 1965. He was nicknamed Jai-Gong (Ol’ Vegan) for being a vegetarian and came into contact with Yiguandao preacher HSIEH Feng-Ying for help and support and the latter’s religious teachings. In 1966, YANG passed the examination for admission to the First Academy for Army Sergeants in Lung-Gang, Zhong-Li, Taoyuan. His wish was fulfilled in 1968 upon receiving a formal order of discharge from the army and a long period of short-lived, temp jobs followed when he earned his living as a handyman, a delivery boy, a tea-factory worker, even a grocery clerk selling rice. Job-hopping afforded him a glimpse into different walks of life alongside a host of different faiths ranging from Taoism, folklore cults, to Confucianism. The death of LI Feng-Chun in 1972 sharpened his sense of impermanence. Yang realized that life is all about suffering, making his mind up to become a monk.

On September 19 of the lunar calendar in 1973 which coincided with the Renunciation Day of Bodhisattva Guanyin, YANG was clean-shaven to become a monk with the blessing of Master Hsing Yun of the Fo Guang Shan Monastery . He was given the Dharma name ‘Hsin Tao’ and a courtesy name  ‘Huei Zhong’. YANG was admitted to the Fo Guang Shan Tsung Lin University. The same year also saw him receive precepts at the Fa-Yun Temple in Miao-Li.

Taking leave of absence from the Fo Guang Shan in August 1974, he went to stay in solitude at an idled greenhouse for orchids owned by Master Yuan Guang in Wai-Shuang-Xi (Chinese: 外雙溪), Taipei. The solitary retreat was meant to help concentrate on the practice of 12 Dhutangas, a set of ascetic practices taught in Buddhism aiming at helping the practitioner to develop detachment with material things including the body.

Under an arrangement facilitated by Venerable Hsing Yun, Master Hsin Tao went to the Lei Yin Temple in Yi-Lan for practice in retreat in late February 1975. Then moved to the venue designated was the Yuan Ming Temple at the Er-Jie Village of Jiao-Xi in Yi-Lan for deeper practice. A major overhaul for the Yuan Ming Temple went underway in 1977. Master Hsin Tao relocated to the Ling Shan Pagoda about 100 meters away.

In 1979, Master Hsin Tao relocated his place of stay for the practice of solitary meditation to the mountain slope next to the Long Tan Lake (Chinese:龍潭湖 ) in Yi-Lan. The place was named the ‘Illusion-like Mountain Dwelling’ as a paraphrase to the notion that “impermanence of life & death is comparable to dreams and illusions”. That was where Master Hsin Tao began his third Charnel-ground-dweller's practice, spending nights and an 18-hour average daily practice of meditation for four years.

Master Hsin Tao began his fasting retreat in early April, 1983. He continued by relocating to a historic site nearby two weeks later. He relocated again in June and practiced fasting retreat for over three months in a cave at the Gong-Nan Temple in Fulong, New Taipei City. On September 21 that coincided with the lunar Moon Festival that year, a final relocation saw the site change to the Fa-Hwa Cave (Chinese: 法華洞) on the premises where the LJM is now located.

Dharma Propagation 
The LJM was launched on the Moon Festival on September 21, 1983. The main hall of the Monastery was inaugurated on June 19 of the lunar calendar in 1984. The name of the temple is “Wu Sheng Monastery (Chinese: 無生道場)”, to promote Buddha’s teachings and social and cultural activities for educational purposes. The Master internalized ‘Practice of Compassion and Chan Meditation’ as the LJM tradition, encouraging disciples to follow the daily meditation practice on life and routine at work.

Master Hsin Tao led the Four Groups of Buddhist disciples and followers to initiate the first LJM Water-Land-Air Dharma Assembly in Taichung in 1994. The LJM tradition was thus cemented to continue over time uninterrupted and the 29th annual Dharma Assembly in 2022 was just as solemn and spectacular as a LJM signature offering in spite of the pandemic.

Founding the Museum of World Religions(MWR) 
Master Hsin Tao announced the Preparatory Office for the Museum of World Religions (MWR) in 1990. The Development Foundation of MWR was established in 1994 to help expedite the project. After more than a decade of dedicated work, the MWR was inaugurated on November 9, 2001, with its Opening Date officially marked as the LJM World Religions’ Day of Harmony.

Launching Long-term International Campaigns for World Peace 
In 1996, Master Hsin Tao visited Turkey and Israel to meet with religious representatives of Islam, Judaism, and the Bahá'í Faith and delivered speeches. He went to Thailand the same year to attend the Asian Conference on Religion & Peace (ACRP).

In 1999, the Master was invited to attend the third Parliament of the World’s Religions (PoWR) in Capetown, South Africa, for the first time and delivered two speeches, “Spiritual Challenges Facing the New Millennium” and “Buddhism in the 21st Century”. He also played an engaging panelist for interactions with an international audience on the topics of religion and world peace. Master Hsin Tao has become a regular feature of the PoWR ever since and attended all its congregations from the 4th to the 8th Conference.

Master Hsin Tao also received the United Nations’ invitation to the “Millennium Peace Summit of Religious & Spiritual Leaders” in 2000 to deliver a prayer. He was later invited to get involved with the UN Interfaith Peace Corps.

In 2002, Master Hsin Tao founded the New York-based NGO initiative ‘Global Family of Love & Peace’ (GFLP). The same year also saw the kickoff of the first Muslim-Buddhist Dialogue at the campus of Columbia University in the United States. From there onwards and over the span of two decades, the interfaith dialogue has been going on in European, Asian, and African metropolises including Jakarta, Paris, Teheran, Barcelona, Morocco, Beijing and Taipei. The 17th Muslim-Buddhist Dialogue with an added feature of the second Muslim-Buddhist Dialogue of the Youth in 2021 zoomed in on the theme “Actions Recommended for Spiritual Ecology”. 

In 2004, the Master gave a keynote speech on “Global Ethics & World Peace Are Religion’s Duty Now” at the international conference titled “Spirituality & Sustainability of Ecology: Water as Our Common Origin” co-organized by the Museum of World Religions, Goldin Institute for Partnership and Peace, and the City Government of Taipei. 

He is also interested in interfaith dialogue and currently sits on the Board of World Religious Leaders for the Elijah Interfaith Institute.

See also 
 Buddhism in Taiwan
 Elijah Interfaith Institute

References

External links
 Hsin Tao: Chronology of Events

1948 births
Living people
Burmese people of Chinese descent
Taiwanese Buddhist monks
Museum founders
Religion in Taiwan
Burmese emigrants to Taiwan