Yamam
The Yamam (, an acronym for Centralized Special Unit , Yeḥida Merkazit Meyuḥedet), also called in Hebrew  and Israel's National Counter Terror Unit (I.N.C.T.U.) in English, is Israel's national counter-terrorism unit, one of four special units of the Israel Border Police. The Yamam is capable of both hostage-rescue operations and offensive take-over raids against terrorist targets in civilian areas. Besides military and counter-terrorism duties, it also performs tactical unit duties and undercover police work.

History

The Yamam was established in late 1974 after the Ma'alot massacre, where a failed rescue operation by special forces units resulted in the murder of 21 schoolchildren before the hostage takers were killed. Since hostage rescue tactics in friendly territory differ from those used in hostile areas, it was decided to establish an elite civilian force which develops and practices a special CQB (Close Quarters Battles) doctrine for counter-terrorism operations in friendly territory and hostage rescue.

Operational record after the Second Intifada
 On May 23, 2006, YAMAM force, using intelligence provided by the Shin-Bet, arrested Ibrahim Hamed after an IDF Caterpillar D9 armored bulldozer started ramming the house in which he was hiding.
 On September 23, 2014, YAMAM force, together with Israel Defense Forces Combat Engineering Corps bulldozers, killed the two Hamas members accused of killing three Israeli teens in June 2014.

Operational record during Operation Breakwater (2022-2023) 

 On April 2, 2022, YAMAM operators killed 3 Palestinian Islamic Jihad militants, reportedly on their way to an attack.
 On August 19, 2022, YAMAM operators killed Ibrahim a-Naboulsi, a commander of the Lions' Den militant group..
 On October 25, 2022, the YAMAM lead a combined raid (with the Israel Defense Forces and the Shin Bet) on what the IDF said was the Lions' Den headquarters and bomb lab in Nablus.
 On January 26, 2023, YAMAM lead a combined raid (with the Israel Defense Forces and the Shin Bet) on Jenin refugee camp, which the IDF said was targeted against members of Palestinian Islamic Jihad who were planning an attack. Nine Palestinians were killed in the attack, including an unarmed civilian.

Honors
The unit received number of honor citations (TZALASH, ציון לשבח) from the Commissioner of the Israeli Police: 2011 2014, 2016, ,2020 and 2022. 

In 2022 the unit received an honor citation from the Israel Defense Forces Chief of the General Staff (צל"ש הרמטכ"ל) for their fighting during Operation Breakwater.

See also
 Israeli take-over and hostage rescue units:
 Sayeret Matkal
 Shayetet 13 (naval take-over)
 LOTAR Eilat (reserves)
 Metzada Unit (Israeli Prison Service)
 Israeli Special Forces:
 Sayeret
 Israeli security forces:
 Israel Border Police
 Yamas (another Border Police special forces unit)
 Israeli police
 Israeli Defence Forces
 Shin Bet
Similar foreign counter terrorism units:
 List of police tactical units
 National Security Guard

References

External links

 YAMAM  - official site (Israeli Police official website)
 Inside YAMAM - Top Secret Israeli Anti-Terrorism Operation, Vanity Fair, 2018
 Inside the YAMAM - Israel Top Secret Hostage Rescue and Counterterrorist Unit, Esquire, 2018

1974 establishments in Israel
Police units of Israel
Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Police tactical units
Special forces of Israel