Xiu Xiu: The Sent Down Girl
Xiu Xiu: The Sent Down Girl () is a 1998 Chinese drama film directed by Joan Chen in her directorial debut, who co-wrote the screenplay with Geling Yan. Based on Yan's 1981 short story "Celestial Bath", the film is set in the 1970s during the Cultural Revolution's Down to the Countryside Movement in People's Republic of China. The film stars Li Xiaolu as the titular character, with Lopsang also starring. The film premiered at the 48th Berlin International Film Festival and collected top prizes from various film festivals. It was released in the United States on May 7, 1999.

Plot
Xiu Xiu (), a 15-year-old girl living in the city of Chengdu, is sent out to study horses in the countryside with a nomadic Tibetan. She is told that after six months, she will return to take charge of her all-girl cavalry unit. Her only friend is the eunuch horseman Lao Jin, who takes care of her while teaching her to herd horses. But after the six months are up, she quickly discovers that she is not allowed to return.

As Xiu Xiu loses hope, she falls for the lies of a peddler who tells her he can get her out of the place, but does not return after having sex with her. Her innocence is slowly corrupted by a stream of men who use her only for sex, barely keeping up the conceit by telling her that they are able to get her back to her hometown. She starts to believe the lies the men perfunctorily tell her, as she spitefully lectures Lao Jin that the men who come in the night and have their way with her are important men who can help her get back.

Xiu Xiu gets pregnant and goes for a traumatic abortion in the hospital. The female doctors gossip about her. After the operation, she is raped by one of the patients, a man who shot himself in the foot to get disability benefits in the state-controlled economy. Lao Jin gets angry and assaults the rapist, but is restrained by the other patients while the doctors make snide remarks about how Xiu Xiu enjoys being raped.

After Xiu  recuperates, she tries to shoot herself in the foot so she can get sent back home, but cannot bring herself to pull the trigger. She asks Lao Jin to shoot her foot, then changes her mind and asks him to shoot her dead instead. He does so, then shoots himself and falls on her body.

Cast 

 Li Xiaolu as Wenxiu "Xiu Xiu" (credited as Lu Lu)
 Lopsang as Lao Jin
 Zheng Qian as Li Chuanbei
 Ji Gao as Mother
 Qianqian Lee as Sister
 Yue Lü as Father

Production 
The film was shot on location in Tibet over a period of six weeks with a crew of 60. Joan Chen said she would smuggle film out of China almost every day of the shoot for fear that Chinese authorities might confiscate all of it if they discovered what kind of film she was making. This prevented her from watching playbacks and led to a rushed shooting schedule.

Reception

Critical reception 
On review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes, Xiu Xiu: The Sent Down Girl has an approval rating of 96% based on 24 reviews. The site's critics consensus reads, "A superb first outing from debuting director Joan Chen, Xiu Xiu: The Sent Down Girl uses one person's grueling ordeal to probe a dark chapter in Chinese history." Andrew Sarris of The New York Observer called the film "the most devastatingly implacable indictment of Mao’s Great Cultural Revolution as is possible to imagine." Desson Howe of The Washington Post said the film's subject matter made for a difficult watch, but also commented the film is "nicely photographed, well directed and has two delicate lead performances from Lu Lu and Lopsang."

Release
The film premiered at the 1998 Berlin International Film Festival on February 19, 1998. In December 1998, the film won several awards at the Golden Horse Film Festival in Taiwan, prompting Taiwanese media to report that Chen had circumvented regulations by China's Film Bureau in order to shoot in Tibet. Chen was subsequently fined and briefly banned in China. Chen apologized to the Bureau and said she had initially applied for a film permit, but was given a mandate by officials to remove "sexual and pessimistic scenes from the film" in order to obtain the permit. 

When the film was released in the United States in May 1999, the film's marketing focused on Xiu Xius sexual and political content as the primary reason for its ban in China.

Awards and nominations
Golden Horse Awards
 1998: won for Best Film (Joan Chen)
 1998: won for Best Director (Joan Chen)
 1998: won for Best Screenplay Adapted from Another Medium (Joan Chen)
 1998: won for Best Actress (Li Xiaolu)
 1998: won for Best Actor (LupSang)

48th Berlin International Film Festival
 1998: nominated for the Golden Bear

Fort Lauderdale International Film Festival
 1998: won the Jury Award

Paris Film Festival
 1999: won the Special Jury Prize
 1999: nominated for the Grand Prize
 1999: won Best Actress (Li Xiaolu)

Mons International Festival of Love Films
 1999: won the Grand Prize

National Board of Review
 1999: won the International Freedom Award

Independent Spirit Awards
 2000: nominated for Best First Feature Over $500,000 (Joan Chen, shared with co-producer Alice Chan Wai-Chung)

In popular culture 
American experimental band Xiu Xiu is named after the film, and frontman Jamie Stewart has stated that Xiu Xiu's sound is influenced by the film.

References

External links
 
 
 
 

1990s feminist films
1990s Mandarin-language films
1998 directorial debut films
1998 films
1998 independent films
Chinese drama films
Films about abortion
Films about rape
Films about the Cultural Revolution
Films directed by Joan Chen
Films set in Chengdu
Films set in the 1970s
Films whose director won the Best Director Golden Horse Award
Sent-down youths