Alexander Novikov (1900–1976) was a Soviet Air Force marshal.

Alexander or Aleksandr Novikov may also refer to:

 Alexander Novikov (mathematician), professor of mathematics
 Aleksandr Novikov (singer) (born 1953), Soviet and Russian author and performer of songs
 Aleksandr Novikov (footballer, born 1955), Soviet and Russian football manager and former defender
 Aleksandr Novikov (footballer, born 1958) (1958–1991), Soviet Russian football goalkeeper
 Aleksandr Novikov (footballer, born 1984), Russian football centre-back
 Aleksandr Novikov (rower) (born 1985), Belarusian Olympic rower
 Aleksandr Novikov (footballer, born 2002), Russian football midfielder