Hariwansh Lal Poonja (; born 13 October 1910 (or later) in Punjab, British India – 6 September 1997 in Lucknow, India) was an Indian sage. Poonja was called "Poonjaji" or "Papaji"  by devotees. He was a key figure in the Neo-Advaita movement.

Biography

Early life

At the age of eight, he claimed he had experienced an unusual state of consciousness:

Meeting Ramana Maharshi

However, rather than giving another vision of God, Ramana Maharshi pointed him in the direction of his own self:

Transformation
He found that he could no longer bring his mind to think of God, do japa or any other spiritual practice. He asked Ramana for help and was told that this was not a problem, that all his practice had carried him to this moment and it could be left behind now because it had served its purpose. Poonja recognised this as the same state he experienced when he was eight years old, but this time it was permanent.

Teaching others

Poonjaji met two other men "who convinced me that they had attained full and complete Self-realisation.", a Muslim Pir and an unknown sadhu whom he met by the side of a road in Karnataka.

At the end of 1968 Poonja met in Rishikesh Geneviève de Coux (born 1947), — later known as Ganga Mira — a young Belgian seeker, who became his disciple and with whom he would form a new family, after the ancient Vedic polygamic tradition. Their daughter Mukti was born in 1972.

Poonjaji later settled in Lucknow where he received visitors from all around the world. Some well-known students of his and later self-appointed gurus of Neo-Advaita included Gangaji, Mooji, and Andrew Cohen, who later distanced himself from Poonja. Sam Harris also visited Poonja several times in the early 1990s.

David Godman, a devotee of Ramana Maharshi, moved to Lucknow in 1992 to spend time around Poonja and stayed until 1997. Godman wrote prolifically about Poonja, including Papaji Interviews, an anthology of interviews, and Nothing Ever Happened, a three volume 1,200-page biography.

Teaching through silence
His teaching emphasises that words can only point to ultimate truth, but never are ultimate truth, and that intellectual understanding without directly realising the truth through one's own investigation is not enough. Like Sri Ramana he stressed that teaching through silence was more important than teaching through words. Once, when a French seeker informed Poonja that he was learning Sanskrit to better understand ancient scriptural texts, Poonja replied:

The process
Poonja mentions several events in his own life which "illustrate, in a general way, how the process of realisation comes about."

 "There must be a desire for God, a love for Him, or a desire for liberation. Without that, nothing is possible."
 "This desire for God or realisation is like an inner flame. One must kindle it and then fan it until it becomes a raging fire which consumes all one's other desires and interests."
 "If this inner fire rages for long enough, with sufficient intensity, it will finally consume that one, central, overwhelming desire for God or the Self." 
 The presence of the Master is the final ingredient: "When the Maharshi’s gaze met my vasana-free mind, the Self reached out and destroyed it in such a way that it could never rise or function again. Only Self remained."

Self-enquiry

His message, like that of his teacher Sri Ramana, was always that the Self is already enlightened and free. Like Sri Ramana, he taught self-enquiry, which involved locating a person's sense of "I" and focusing on and investigating this directly. Famous for eschewing all forms of practices or sadhana, Poonja nonetheless recommended self-enquiry as the only practice one should take up, but he didn't want people to take it up as a form of meditation. He would say, “Do it once and do it properly, and your spiritual quest will be over instantly."

Liberation
According to Poonja, Self-realization is in itself liberating from karmic consequences and further rebirth. According to Poonja "karmic tendencies remained after enlightenment, [but] the enlightened person was no longer identified with them and, therefore, did not accrue further karmic consequences." According to Cohen, Poonja "insisted that the realization of the Self had nothing to do with worldly behavior, and he did not believe fully transcending the ego was possible." For Poonja, ethical standards were based on a dualistic understanding of reality and the notion of an individual agent, and therefore were not indicative of "nondual enlightenement: "For Poonja, the goal was the realisation of the self; the illusory realm of relative reality was ultimately irrelevant."

Works

References

Sources

Printed sources

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Online sources

Further reading
  Account of his relationship with H. W. L.Poonja.
  A three-volume biography.
 
  Contains an interview with H. W. L. Poonja.

External links 
 Papaji's Avadhuta Foundation
 Papaji's Audio Archive at SoundCloud
 Papaji's Satsang Bhavan

1913 births
1997 deaths
20th-century Indian non-fiction writers
20th-century Indian philosophers
Advaitin philosophers
Indian Hindu spiritual teachers
Indian spiritual writers
Neo-Advaita teachers
Nonduality teachers
Writers from Lucknow