, often shortened to , is the term used to refer to Japanese netizens who espouse ultranationalist far-right views on social media. Netto-uyoku is evaluated as having similarities to Western right-wing populism or alt-right in many ways.

Origins
The origins of Japan's "cyber nationalist phenomenon" are unknown. But it can be traced back from the 1990s during the Lost Decades, when significant socioeconomic changes from the bubble asset led to general distrust and decline of national morale within Japanese society.
Nationalism would become more prominent in the early 2000s when North Korea officially admitted to abducting Japanese citizens and the introduction of the Korean wave in Japan. In an attempt to lash out from the constant frustration and social anxiety, combined with the mainstream media avoiding coverage critical of South Korea and Koreans, netizens displaced their xenophobic and ultranationalistic attitudes through online bulletin boards and forums, as the Internet is free from the constraints of official policy or political correctness.

Views
The netto-uyoku have viewpoints that are emboldened via interacting with other people who share the same perspective. 

They generally express support for historically revisionist views that portray the former Empire of Japan in a positive light, while maintaining negative sentiments towards countries that have diplomatic tensions with Japan, specifically North Korea, South Korea, and China (anti-Chinese sentiment). Netto-uyoku express hostility towards the local immigrants and ethnic minorities from those countries, and also promote patriotism within Japanese schools by advocating the requirement for students to sing the national anthem before class.

Domestically, the netto-uyoku express criticisms against the left-wing and centre-left parties (Japanese Communist Party and Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan) and the Japanese mainstream media, which they accuse of having a liberal bias.

Statistics
Japanese critic and writer, Tsunehira Furuya describes the netto uyoku as a "new breed of neo-nationalists who interact almost entirely within their own cyber community, shut off from the rest of society". According to Furuya, "the average age of Japan's Internet right-wingers is around 40. Some 75% of them are male", and adds that although active on the web, they lack institutional political representation offline. This leads them to be more active online, in order to back the far-right elements of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, especially those under the administration of former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.

Rise of Trumpism
The rise of Trumpism among the netto-uyoku community has been observed since September 2020, two months prior to the 2020 United States presidential election. Some Japanese political commentators even theorized that Shinzo Abe's resignation as Prime Minister in September 2020 to be a juncture for netto-uyoku to shift their central figure to Donald Trump as a "political upgrade" in promoting diplomatic policies which embody anti-Chinese sentiment. As such they began spreading Trump's conspiracy theories in an attempt to overturn the 2020 American presidential election.

See also

 2channel
 Ethnic issues in Japan
 Japanese nationalism
 Manga Kenkanryu
 Neo Gōmanism Manifesto Special – On War
 Mass media in Japan
 Neo-nationalism
 Neo-nazism
 Neo-fascism
 Reactionary
 Tokutei Asia
 Trumpism
 Uyoku dantai 
 Zaitokukai

Notes

References

External links

The Significance of Japanese Right-Wing Net Citizens: "Netouyo" by the Seisen International School

Alt-right in Asia
Anti-Chinese sentiment in Japan
Anti-Korean sentiment in Japan
Far-right politics in Japan
Historical revisionism of Comfort women
Internet trolls
Japanese nationalism
Racism in Japan
Right-wing populism in Japan
Trumpism