This a list of territories and polities that have been considered  colonies.

British 

 Aden
 Afghanistan
 America
 Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
 Ascension Island
 Australia
 New South Wales
 Victoria
 Tasmania
 Queensland
 South Australia
 Western Australia
 Bahamas
 Barbados
 Basutoland
 Bechuanaland
 British Borneo
 Brunei
 Labuan
 North Borneo
 Sarawak
 British East Africa
 British Guiana
 British Honduras
 British Hong Kong
 British Leeward Islands
 Anguilla
 Antigua
 Barbuda
 British Virgin Islands
 Dominica
 Montserrat
 Nevis 
 Saint Kitts
 British Malaya 
 Federated Malay States
 Straits Settlements
 Unfederated Malay States
 British Somaliland
 British Western Pacific Territories
 British Solomon Islands
 Fiji
 Gilbert and Ellice Islands
 Phoenix Islands
 Pitcairn Islands
 New Hebrides (condominium with France)
 Tonga
 Union Islands
 British Windward Islands
 Barbados
 Dominica
 Grenada
 Saint Lucia
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
 Myanmar
 Canada
 Ceylon
 Christmas Island
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands
 Cyprus (including Akrotiri and Dhekelia)
 Egypt
 Falkland Islands
 Falkland Islands Dependencies
 Graham Land
 South Georgia
 South Orkney Islands
 South Shetland Islands
 South Sandwich Islands
 Victoria Land
 Gambia
 Gibraltar
 Gold Coast
 India (including what is today Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar) 
 Heard Island and McDonald Islands
 Ireland
 Jamaica
 Kenya
 Maldives
 Malta
 Mandatory Palestine
 Emirate of Transjordan
 Mandatory Iraq
 Mauritius
 Muscat and Oman
 Norfolk Island
 Nigeria
 Northern Rhodesia
 Nyasaland 
 Seychelles
 Sierra Leone
 Shanghai International Settlement
 South Africa
 Cape Colony
 Natal
 Transvaal Colony
 Orange River Colony
 Southern Rhodesia
 St Helena
 Swaziland
 Trinidad and Tobago
 Tristan da Cunha
 Trucial States
 Uganda
 Tonga

French 

 Acadia
 Algeria
 Canada
 Clipperton Island
 Comoros Islands (including Mayotte)
 French Guiana
 French Equatorial Africa
 Chad
 Oubangui-Chari
 French Congo
 Gabon
 French India (Pondichéry, Chandernagor, Karikal, Mahé and Yanaon)
 French Indochina
Annam 
 Tonkin
 Cochinchina
 Cambodia
 Laos
 French Polynesia
 French Somaliland
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands
 French West Africa
 Ivory Coast
 Dahomey
 Guinea 
 French Sudan
 Mauritania
 Niger
 Senegal
 Upper Volta
 Guadeloupe
 Saint Barthélemy
 Saint Martin
 La Réunion
 Louisiana
 Madagascar
 Martinique
 French Morocco
 French Mandate for Syria and Lebanon
 New Caledonia
 Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
 Saint-Domingue
 Shanghai French Concession (similar concessions in Kouang-Tchéou-Wan, Tientsin, Hankéou)
 Tunisia
 New Hebrides (condominium with Britain)
 Wallis-et-Futuna

German 

 Bismarck Archipelago
 Kamerun
 Caroline Islands
 German New Guinea
 German Samoa
 German Solomon Islands
 German East Africa
 German South-West Africa
 Gilbert Islands
 Jiaozhou Bay
 Mariana Islands
 Marshall Islands
 Nauru
 Palau
 Togoland
 Tianjin

Spanish 

 Canary Islands
 Cape Juby
 Captaincy General of Cuba
 Spanish Florida
 Spanish Louisiana
 Captaincy General of the Philippines
 Caroline Islands
 Mariana Islands
 Marshall Islands
 Palau Islands
 Ifni
 Río de Oro
 Saguia el-Hamra
 Spanish Morocco
 Spanish Netherlands
 Spanish Sahara
 Spanish Sardinia
 Spanish Sicily
 Viceroyalty of Peru
 Captaincy General of Chile
 Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
 Spanish Guinea
 Annobón
 Fernando Po
 Río Muni
 Viceroyalty of New Granada
 Captaincy General of Venezuela
 Viceroyalty of New Spain
 Captaincy General of Guatemala
 Captaincy General of Yucatán
 Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
 Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
 Spanish Formosa

Portuguese 

 Portuguese Africa
 Cabinda
 Ceuta
 Madeira
 Portuguese Angola
 Portuguese Cape Verde
 Portuguese Guinea
 Portuguese Mozambique
 Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
 Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá
 Portuguese Asia
 Portuguese Ceylon
 Portuguese India
 Goa
 Daman
 Diu
 Portuguese Macau
 Portuguese Oceania
 Flores
 Portuguese Timor
 Solor
 Portuguese South America
 Colonial Brazil
 Cisplatina
 Misiones Orientales
 Portuguese North America
 Azores
 Newfoundland and Labrador

Italian 

 Italian Aegean Islands
 Italian Albania (1918–1920)
 Italian Albania (1939–1943)
 Italian concession of Tientsin
 Italian governorate of Dalmatia
 Italian governorate of Montenegro
 Hellenic State
 Italian Eritrea
 Italian Somaliland
 Italian Trans-Juba (briefly; annexed)  
 Libya
 Italian Tripolitania
 Italian Cyrenaica
 Italian Libya
 Italian East Africa
 Italian occupation of Majorca (1936-1939)

Dutch 
 Dutch Brazil
 Dutch Ceylon
 Dutch Formosa
 Dutch Cape Colony
 Aruba
 Bonaire
 Curaçao
 Saba
 Sint Eustatius
 Sint Maarten
 Surinam (Dutch colony)
 Dutch East Indies
 Dutch New Guinea

Belgian 
 Belgian Congo
 Ruanda-Urundi
 Tianjin

Danish 

 Andaman and Nicobar Islands
 Danish West Indies (now United States Virgin Islands)
 Danish Norway
 Faroe Islands
 Greenland
 Iceland
 Serampore
 Danish Gold Coast
 Danish India

Swedish 
 Guadeloupe 
 New Sweden 
 Saint Barthélemy 
 Swedish Gold Coast
 Dominions of Sweden in continental Europe

Norwegian 
 Svalbard
 Jan Mayen
 Bouvet Island
 Queen Maud Land
 Peter I Island

Austrian and Austro-Hungarian 

 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1878–1918.
 Tianjin, China, 1902–1917.
 Austrian Netherlands, 1714–1797
 Nicobar Islands, 1778–1783
 North Borneo, 1876–1879

Russian 

 Emirate of Bukhara (1873–1917)
 Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917)
 Khiva Khanate (1873–1917)
 Kauai (Hawaii) (1816–1817)
 Russian America (Alaska) (1733–1867)
 Fort Ross (California)
 Russian Dalian (1898-1905)

American

 American Concession in Tianjin (1869–1902)
 American Concession in Shanghai (1848–1863)
 American Concession in Beihai (1876–1943)
 American Concession in Harbin (1898–1943)
 American Samoa
 Beijing Legation Quarter (1861–1945)
 Corn Islands (1914–1971)
 Canton and Enderbury Islands
 Caroline Islands
 Cuba (Platt Amendment turned Cuba into a protectorate – until Cuban Revolution)
 Falkland Islands (1832)
 Guantánamo Bay
 Guam
 Gulangyu Island (1903–1945)
 Haiti (1915–1934)
 Indian Territory (1834–1907)
 Isle of Pines (1899–1925)
 Liberia (Independent since 1847, US protectorate until post-WW2)
 Marshall Islands 
 Midway
 Nicaragua (1912–1933)
 Northern Mariana Islands 
 Palau 
 Palmyra Atoll
 Panama (Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty turned Panama into a protectorate, protectorate until post-WW2)
 Panama Canal Zone (1903–1979)
 Philippines (1898–1946)
 Puerto Rico
 Quita Sueño Bank (1869–1981)
 Roncador Bank (1856–1981)
 Ryukyu Islands (1945–1972)  
 Shanghai International Settlement (1863–1945)
 Sultanate of Sulu (1903–1915)
 Swan Islands, Honduras (1914–1972)
 Treaty Ports of China, Korea and Japan
 United States Virgin Islands
 Wake Island
 Wilkes Land

Australian
 Papua New Guinea
 Christmas Island
 Cocos Islands
 Coral Sea Islands
 Heard Island and McDonald Islands
 Norfolk Island
 Nauru
 Australian Antarctic Territory

New Zealand

 Cook Islands
 Nauru
 Niue
 Ross Dependency
 Balleny Islands
 Ross Island
 Scott Island
 Roosevelt Island

Japanese

 Bonin Islands 
 Karafuto
 Korea
 Kuril Islands
 Kwantung Leased Territory
 Nanyo
 Caroline Islands
 Marshall Islands
 Northern Mariana Islands
 Palau Islands
 Penghu Islands
 Ryukyu Domain
 Taiwan
 Volcano Islands

Chinese

 Dzungaria (Xinjiang) from 1758–present
 Kashgaria (East Turkistan) from 1884 – 1933, 1934–1944, 1949–present
 Guangxi (Tusi)
 Hainan
 Nansha Islands
 Xisha Islands
 Manchuria
 Inner Mongolia
 Outer Mongolia (Mongolia & Tuva) during the late Qing dynasty
 Taiwan
 Tibet (Kashag)
 Yunnan (Tusi)
 Vietnam during the Han, Sui, and Tang dynasties

Ottoman 
Rumelia
Ottoman North Africa
Ottoman Arabia

Omani
Omani Empire

 Swahili coast
 Zanzibar
 Qatar
 Bahrain
 Somalia
 Socotra

Mexican
 The Californias
 Texas
 Central America
 Clipperton Island
 Revillagigedo Islands
 Chiapas

Ecuadorian
 Galápagos Islands

Colombian
 Panama
 Ecuador
 Venezuela
 Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina

Argentine

 Protectorate of Peru (1820–1822)
 Gobierno del Cerrito (1843–1851)
 Chile (1817–1818)
 Paraguay (1810–1811, 1873)
 Uruguay (1810–1813)
 Bolivia (1810–1822)
 Tierra del Fuego
 Patagonia
 Falkland Islands and Dependencies  (1829–1831, 1832–1833, 1982)
 Argentine Antarctica
 Misiones
 Formosa
 Puna de Atacama (1839– )
 Argentina expedition to California (1818)
 Equatorial Guinea (1810–1815)

Paraguayan colonies
 Mato Grosso do Sul
 Formosa

Bolivian
 Puna de Atacama (1825–1839 ceded to Argentina) (1825–1879 ceded to Chile)
 Acre

Ethiopian
 Eritrea

Moroccan
 Western Sahara

Indonesian

 East Timor

Thai/Siamese

 Kingdom of Vientiane (1778–1828)
 Kingdom of Luang Prabang (1778–1893)
 Kingdom of Champasak (1778–1893)
 Kingdom of Cambodia (1771–1867)
 Kedah (1821–1826)
 Perlis (1821–1836)

Ancient Egyptian
 Canaan
 Nubia

Khedivate Egyptian
 Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
 Habesh Eyalet
 Sidon Eyalet
 Damascus Eyalet

References

History of colonialism