Computer simulations of global weather patterns will eventually be able to accurately predict weather events such as El Nino within a few kilometers, but it may take 20 to 40 years for this level of accuracy to be achieved as computer technology continues to advance. Alan Thorpe, director general of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, believes that with advancements in climate science, climate models will be able to provide valuable information on weather variability in the future. Models with high resolution can be utilized for weather forecasting, climate analysis, and predicting climate change. The accuracy of results from these models is dependent on the computer's capacity. Currently, some climate models have a resolution of 100 km, a significant improvement from 10 to 15 years ago when the resolution was around 300 km. There are already global weather models running at a 16 km resolution, indicating that the science and models are available to address the high resolution issue, but there is a need for more powerful computers to support this. Thorpe mentioned that acquiring a top-end supercomputer could cost up to 200 million pounds, which is approximately 7 percent of the UK's annual science budget of 3 billion pounds. Thorpe emphasized the importance of acknowledging the significant impact of climate change on society and allocating resources accordingly. Experts caution that the most severe effects of climate change may occur in the years leading up to 2050. Some climate models have been criticized for their lack of accuracy in predicting extreme events well into the future. ECMWF scientists are conducting extensive research on tipping points in the climate system, where sudden and irreversible changes could occur. These non-linear behaviors are of utmost concern and require careful consideration. He stated that the exact number of tipping points is still unknown, but if the entire science budget were dedicated to studying them, progress could be accelerated. Despite ongoing research in these areas, some tipping points are expected to occur in the near future, such as the disappearance of summer Arctic sea ice or the destruction of the Amazon rainforest.