According to a report by the World Economic Forum, the main threat facing the world in 2010 is the possibility of deteriorating government finances leading to full-fledged debt crises. Major economies have responded to the financial crisis by increasing deficits through stimulus packages and supporting private debt obligations. While this may have helped prevent a worse recession, high debt levels are now a growing concern for financial markets. Developed nations are at a particularly high risk, as many emerging economies have already taken steps to strengthen their fiscal positions in response to previous shocks. The WEF report warns that the unprecedented levels of debt being accumulated by governments in an effort to stimulate their economies could lead to a rise in sovereign defaults. John Drzik, Chief Executive of management consultancy Oliver Wyman, highlighted this risk as a contributor to the report. He warned that increasing levels of unemployment could result from higher levels of unemployment, leading to social and political risks. The report identified unsustainable debt levels, the lingering effects of the financial crisis, underinvestment in infrastructure, and rising health costs from chronic diseases as some of the top risks. Additionally, it mentioned threats such as asset price collapse, risks related to Afghanistan, and a potential slowdown in Chinese growth that could impact employment, cause social unrest, and harm exports. The report also highlighted the possibility of developed nations facing debt crises due to unsustainable levels of debt, which could have severe social and political repercussions, including increased unemployment. The report's author, Daniel Hofmann, emphasized that government debt levels exceeding 100 percent of GDP, as seen in the United States and the UK, are not sustainable. "There is a potential danger that investors might become concerned about the sustainability of high debt levels, leading to sovereign debt crises and defaults. The cases of Dubai and Greece serve as early warnings that should be taken seriously," he stated at a press conference. Concerns about Dubai, Ukraine, and Greece have had an impact on global markets, and these countries are likely to continue facing pressure. There is also a high risk for the United States and the United Kingdom. According to the WEF report, both countries will need to make difficult decisions in the coming months regarding when to gradually withdraw fiscal stimulus in order to sustain the recovery without causing fear of worsening fiscal deficits. The report also pointed out a "governance gap" between short-term pressures and the need for long-term decisions on issues such as health and pension reform, and climate change. According to the report, not enough is being done to tackle the problem of underinvestment in infrastructure, which could have negative effects on food and energy security. The World Bank estimates that $35 trillion will be needed for global infrastructure investment over the next two decades. The report also warns about the increasing financial burden of chronic diseases due to longer life expectancy and unhealthy lifestyles, calling for prevention campaigns to promote healthier living in both developing and developed nations. It highlights the potential risks of slow failures or gradual risks, which could have underestimated long-term impacts.