India announced that its current energy policy is projected to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by more than 25 percent by 2020. However, the country expressed concerns that mandatory targets to address global warming could negatively impact economic growth. India, one of the top polluters in the world along with the United States, China, Russia, and Japan, is not obligated under the Kyoto Protocol to reduce its emissions despite pressure from developed nations and environmental organizations. Prodipto Ghosh, the environment secretary, highlighted India's efforts in energy efficiency and renewable energy promotion, stating that these initiatives have been effective in reducing emissions. Ghosh stated that their modeling approaches indicate that India's policies will lead to a significant decrease in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020. Booming economies like India and China may face increased pressure at the upcoming Group of Eight summit in Germany to take more action in reducing emissions. India is currently spending 2.17 percent of its GDP annually on addressing climate change through various projects. Experts predict that the Indian subcontinent will be heavily impacted by natural disasters, diseases like malaria, and hunger due to global warming. The blame for this issue lies with industrialized nations, who should aim for higher emissions cuts rather than pressuring developing countries. A recent study reported that the world's richest countries, including the United States, were responsible for 60 percent of total emissions in 2004 and 77 percent of cumulative emissions since the Industrial Revolution. Ghosh stated that developing countries such as India have not, currently do not, and will not in the near future be a major source of emissions. He believes that any regulations aimed at reducing emissions could harm GDP growth and hinder efforts to alleviate poverty. Ghosh called on Western countries to provide more assistance to help developing nations cope with the effects of climate change, emphasizing that the poor will be most affected by these impacts.