Activists and left-wing leaders emphasized the importance of big polluting countries aggressively reducing greenhouse gases and considering input from smaller nations in order to combat global warming. They gathered in Bolivia's Cochabamba region as an alternative to the unsuccessful Copenhagen summit, which they felt excluded many countries and environmental groups. The activists argue that industrial powers undermined the Copenhagen summit by failing to commit to significant emissions cuts, and they are calling for a more ambitious target of a 50 percent reduction in emissions from leading industrial nations. Bolivian President Evo Morales urged developed countries to listen to the voices of the people and make decisions that benefit everyone at the upcoming climate change meeting in Mexico. Earlier at the summit, Morales sparked controversy by suggesting that consuming chicken fed with hormones can lead to "sexual deviation" in men and that European men experience hair loss due to their consumption of genetically modified food. The World People's Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth, attended by approximately 20,000 environmentalists and representatives from 90 governments, targeted capitalism, genetically modified food, and global warming. Indigenous groups from around the world participated in the event in Tiquipaya, which featured various activities such as concerts, theater performances, a handicrafts market, and artists creating murals. Bolivia, Venezuela, Cuba, Nicaragua, Ecuador, Sudan, and Saudi Arabia, all part of a leftist coalition of Latin American countries, have strongly opposed the Copenhagen accord, arguing that climate change disproportionately impacts the Global South, despite being primarily caused by the Global North. Canadian author Naomi Klein stated that if the simple fact of justice and decency is acknowledged, it means that southern countries are no longer begging for aid. Klein, who is known for her activism against global warming, believes that the Cochabamba meeting could help establish an alliance among nations already experiencing the effects of climate change. She emphasized the importance of unity among developing countries and the need for a more empowered position. The meeting in Cochabamba resulted in the resolution to create an international tribunal to hold those responsible for global warming accountable. Additionally, it called for a global referendum on climate change and the establishment of a fund to assist nations in dealing with the effects of global warming. The resolutions made at the summit are not mandatory, but countries and social organizations that participated have promised to promote them leading up to the United Nations summit on climate change in Cancun, Mexico in December. Alicia Barcena, the top UN representative at the meeting, acknowledged that grassroots groups were excluded from the Copenhagen summit and expressed doubts about the effectiveness of the upcoming Cancun summit. She suggested that the Rio+20 Earth Summit on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro in 2012 should be the focus, as she believes Cancun may not be able to address the issues adequately.