Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

Alyx and Gordon release Dr. Mossman from Combine's prison and the trio enter the Borealis, which begins to move forward and backward in time, at which point they witness the beginning of the seven-hour war and journey to the planet Combine.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

Alyx wants to destroy the Borealis according to her father's wishes, but Mossman wants to take the ship to the Resistance base for exploration.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

As a result of the ensuing altercation, Alyx is forced to kill Mossman and activates the Borealis self-destruct system, guiding the ship towards Combine's home planet.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

G-Man shows up and Alyx recognizes him.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

G-Man takes Alyx away and Gordon journeys towards his destruction, but Gordon is rescued by the Vortigaunts, who has time to see Dyson's perimeter form around the Combine planet before Borealis hits the planet and is destroyed.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

Gordon wakes up on the beach and discovers the landscape has changed.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[11] Development History Valve was founded by Gabe Newell and Mike Harrington, who were both former Microsoft employees.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

The game house's first game, Half-Life, was presented at the 1997 E3 trade show.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

The game's technology was considerably praised.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

The engine for the Quake game developed by id Software was chosen as the basis for Half-Life's GoldsRC game engine.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[12] Half-Life's first add-on, Opposing Force, was developed by Gearbox Software, a young Texan studio.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[13] Sierra Entertainment released the next add-on, Blue Shift, in 2000.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

It was originally marketed as an adjunct to the Dreamcast version of Half-Life, [14] but after the Dreamcast version was cancelled Blue Shift was released for Windows.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[15] [16] Blue Shift uses the Half-Life High Definition Pack, which updates the game's textures as well as templates.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[17] Gearbox also developed a third add-on, Decay, which was only released for PlayStation 2.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[18] Half-Life's sequel took six years to develop and it was announced as vaporware.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

The game was to be originally released in September 2003.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

However, a German hacker managed to leak the game's source code in 2003 and gain control of a playable version of Half-Life 2 and Counter-Strike: Source.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

Soon the game was leaked onto the internet.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[19] [20] Axel “Ago” Gembe, who himself contacted Valve and asked for work, was named as the culprit.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

Valve tricked Gembe and convinced him that Valve would want him to work for them.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

Gembe was offered plane tickets to the United States; the FBI would have arrested him at the airport.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

After the German government heard of the matter, they arrested Gembe themselves.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

He was placed on trial for information leak and other cyber crimes, including creating a virus called Agobot.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

Gembe was sentenced to two years' probation in prison.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[21] Half-Life 2 was finally released on November 16, 2004, [22] and was one of the first games released on Valve's Steam service.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life series

[23] Valve developed two add-ons for Half-Life 2: Episode One, released in 2006, [24] and Episode Two, which was released in 2007.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[25] Valve also planned to release a third add-on, Half-Life 2: Episode Three, which was not intended to be the end of the series.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[26] Several concept images are available from the add-on.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[27] [28] [29] Later Valve CEO Gabe Newell announced that the episodic model was abandoned.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[30] After several interviews and many production issues, Valve has not agreed to give game-related interviews.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[31] Episode Three has later been named the greatest vaporware in gaming history.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[32] Film At the 2013 DICE fair, Valve CEO Gabe Newell and film director J. J. Abrams discussed collaborating on producing a possible Portal or Half-Life film.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[33] [34] Abrams confirmed in March 2016 that films are still being planned.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[35] Reception The first part of the series, Half-Life, received excellent reception from critics.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

The game's atmosphere and directed scenes were praised.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

The Metacritic service calculated a weighted score average of 96/100 for the game from selected reviews.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[36] The game won over 50 “Game of the Year” awards.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[37] Half-Life also contributed considerably to the development of first-person shooter games, as it presented a realistic storyline and a lead character who is not a top-trained soldier.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[38] [39] Half-Life's first supplement, Opposing Force, was also favourably received.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

On GameRankings, it has a rating average of 85%.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[40] The Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences selected Opposing Force as Game of the Year.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[41] In turn, the Blue Shift add-on received mixed reception.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[42] Its high-quality designs and textures and overall atmosphere were praised, but the short duration and old content of the game received criticism.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[43] [44] Decay, developed for PlayStation 2, differs considerably from other games in the series in that it is a cooperative game, meaning players must help each other survive throughout the game.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[45] The game was released on November 14, 2001 and received positive reception from critics.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

The game's collaboration was praised but criticized for its excessive emphasis on problem solving.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

It has a Metacritic average score of 87 out of 100.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[46] Valve released Half-Life 2 on November 16, 2004.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

The game has a review score average of 96/100 on Metacritic and 95.48% on GameRankings.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[47] [48] Half-Life 2 has been sold until February 9, 2011, over 12 million copies [49] Half-Life 2's add-on Half-Life 2: Episode One was released on 1 June 2006.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[24] The game was mainly favourably received, although there were complaints about the brevity of the game.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[50] [51] It has a Metacritic average score of 87 out of 100.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[52] Half-Life 2: Episode Two was released with the first episode, Half-Life 2, Portal and Team Fortress 2 in the game collection The Orange Box.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

The episode received an excellent reception, though like the previous section, the short duration of the game was criticized.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

[53] [54] Half-Life 2: Survivor was mainly favourably received.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

Video game review site Video Games Blogger said the game was engaging and surprising.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

The review assessed that the game might increase Japanese interest in first-person shooter games.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

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Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

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Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

Please use a more specific template.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

See the documentation for a list of suggested templates.


Question: What year was Half-Life 2 released?

Half-Life

Category:79.8 Games, games, collecting Category:Video game series Category:Half-Life


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Western Wall (, Kotel,, Hā'ial-Burāq), also known as the Wailing Wall or Wall of Lamentation, is an old limestone wall on the western edge of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Normally referred to as the Western Wall, or the Weeping Wall, is only a small part of a much longer wall, which is also referred to as the Western Wall in its entirety.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The wall was built by Herod the Great shortly before the beginning of our time as part of the expansion works of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, enlarging the inherently steep-sloped Temple Mount into a large rectangular plateau, thus providing more space for the actual Temple and its for additional buildings.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The wall is believed to be the only surviving part of the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Today it is the border between the Temple Mount and the Jewish Quarter of Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Because the Western Wall is associated with the Temple Mount, it is considered a holy place by both Jews and also by Christians and Muslims.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

When the Temple Mount itself is held by Muslims, the Western Wall is the holiest place where Jews are allowed to pray, although according to their faith, the most holy place on earth is not the wall itself but the temple site behind it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The wall has been a place of prayer and pilgrimage for Jews for centuries.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The name Wailing Wall derives from the fact that pious Jews mourned with it the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem, lamenting aloud.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The earliest records of the Western Wall as a place of worship are from the 16th century.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[1] Previously, when access to the city had been forbidden to the Jews, they had gathered at the Mount of Oil [1] and in the Kidron Valley to lament the destruction of the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

From roughly the mid-19th century, many Jews tried unsuccessfully to acquire rights to the wall and the areas near it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

With the rise of the Zionist movement in the early 20th century, the Wall became the subject of controversy between Jews and Muslims, as the latter were concerned that the wall could be used to support Jewish claims to the Temple Mount and thus Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

At the time, frequent outbreaks of violence broke out by the wall, the most serious in 1929.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

After the Israeli War of Independence, the eastern part of Jerusalem, which also included the Old City in its entirety, came under Jordanian control.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Jordan expelled Jews from Jerusalem's Old City, including the Jewish Quarter, and for the next 19 years they had no access to it, which also made them unable to pray at the Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This period ended during the Six-Day War on June 10, 1967, when Israel captured Jerusalem's Old City.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Three days after the takeover, the Israelis demolished the Moroccan Quarter, which was located in the immediate vicinity of the wall, in order to build the present-wide Western Wall Square in front of it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[2] The square has become the main stage for Israeli national ceremonies.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[3] Names and their origins Early Jewish sources speak of the “Western Wall of the Temple”, [4] but it is uncertain whether it refers to the present Western Wall or the western wall of the temple itself.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[1] As the first Hebrew term “ha-kotel ha ma'aravi”, “Western Wall” was used by the 10th-century poet Ahimaaz bel Paltiel from the now-prominent wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[1] Today, the Israelites most commonly refer to it briefly as “Wall” (), in which case the meaning is generally clear, as this Hebrew word kotel is otherwise used only in some idioms; the usual word for wall is kir.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[1] The name Wall of Lamentation with its variouslanguage translations (for example,,) derives from the Jewish habit of crying before the wall for the destruction of the Temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The name is a translation of the place's Arabic name “el-Mabka”, “The Weeping Place”.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[5] In English literature the place was referred to as the Place of Appeal () Since the 19th century, [6] [7] [8] the name Wall of Appeal became common during the Mandate rule in the 1920s.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[1] The name is still widely known, but Jews themselves have hardly used it again since Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War took over Jerusalem's Old City and the Western Wall Square became a place of celebration rather than a place of appeal.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[1] In the 19th century, the Arabs began to use the walled name al-Buraq Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The name relates to the tradition of which the wall would be the place where Mohammed was attached to a winged raid, al-Buraq.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Early lineage only tells us that the prophet, or angel Gabriel harnessed the steed at the mosque, that is, at the gate of the Temple Mount.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[9] Perceptions of which gate this took place varied over the centuries: the most common was spoken of the eastern or southern wall, the south-west corner and finally the Western Wall, or, in focus, the Barclay's Gate, which is right next to the traditional place of prayer for Jews.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[9] According to Israeli archaeologist Meir Ben-Dov, Muslims did not attach the Western Wall to this case until the 19th century in response to the even greater importance the place was given to Jews at the time.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[9] Carl Sandreczki, who was commissioned by Charles William Wilson in 1865 to draw up a list of place names, mentioned that the street leading to the Western Wall and part of the street parallel to the wall was to be named Hosh al Buràk, where Hosh means yard or corral.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[10] In 1866, the Prussian consul and orientalist Georg Rosen mentioned that the whole wall was called by the Arabs to represent the Jewish place of appeal, from Abu Su'ud in the south all the way to Mechkemeh (a Sharia court seat) in the north under the name Obrâk.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He also explained that Obrâk is not a torment of the word Ibri, meaning Hebrews, although that had been previously claimed, but a contemporary Arabic pronunciation of the word Bōrâk, the name of Muhammad's steed.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[11] The name Hosh al Buraq appears on maps related to Wilson's 1865 study, their later editions from 1876 and 1900, and on several maps compiled in the early 20th century.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[12] Beginning in 1922, it was a street name officially established by the Pro-Jerusalem Council.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[13] Location and proportions thumbnail image|300px|Wailing wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In the background, the Rock Mosque on the left and the Al-Aqsa Mosque on the right.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The name Western Wall is more commonly used in a narrower sense to mean the part of the wall before which Jews traditionally pray.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It is also referred to as the “Wall of Lamentation”, alluding to the Jewish habit of crying at the site of the destruction of temples.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

With Jerusalem under Christian, first Roman, later Byzantine control around the years 324—638), Jews had no access to Jerusalem at all except annually on the day of commemoration of the destruction of the Temple (tiša be'av), when they complained about their holy places.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In a broader sense, the Western Wall might be referred to as the entire 488 m long preserved wall on the western edge of the Temple Mount.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In front of the part of the wall where Jews pray, there is today a wide square belonging to the Jewish Quarter, while the rest of the wall is hidden behind the buildings of the Muslim Quarter except for a short 8-metre section, the so-called Little Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[14] The part of the wall normally referred to as the Western Wall has gained special significance because it has never been entirely covered by medieval buildings, and in it the original stone structure of Herod has been better preserved than in “The Little Western Wall “.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

However, the “Little Western Wall” has a greater religious significance in principle, as it is assumed to be even closer to the Most Holy and thus to the “Presence of God” (Shechina) than the Western Wall itself, and the associated underground Warren Gate, which since the 12th century has been closed, even closer.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Western Wall is a retaining wall that originally supported Herod the Great around the year 19 BCE.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

built by the temple annexe buildings.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

At that time, the small hill which remained quite organic, at the top of which both the First and Second Temples had been located, was expanded into what is now a much wider, approximate rectangular plateau of about 120 acres wide.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[15] At the Western Wall Square, the height of the wall, including its foundations, is approximately 32 metres, some of which is underground so that the part visible on the ground is 19 metres high.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It has overlapping 45 layers of rock, 28 of which are at the end of the earth and 17 underground.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[16] The seven lowest visible layers of rock date from the time of Herod.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This part of the wall was built from very large meleke limestone boulders possibly obtained from the Sedekian basement [17] in the middle of the present-day Muslim Quarter of Jerusalem, or according to other accounts from Ramat Shlomo [18] four kilometres northwest of the Old City.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Many of them are weighing 1.8 or 7.3 tonnes, some heavier than that: one boulder just north of Wilson's Arch is 13 metres in diameter and weighs about 517 tonnes.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In Herod's time, the uppermost section of the wall about 10 metres high was about a metre thick and served as the outer wall of the double columns of the temple plateau.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This top was decorated with pilasters, the remains of which, according to some accounts, were disposed of when the Byzantines recaptured Jerusalem from the Persians in 628.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[19] The original wall is topped by layers of stone added later.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Four of these consist of small smooth stones and date from the Umaijads period to the 7th century.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[20] On top of them are still 16—17 layers of small stones from the time of the Mamelucks, from the 13th century to the 16th century or later.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[20] The well-known story, which according to the top layers of the wall would have been added by Moses Montefiore, [21] [22] is unfounded.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Access to the area from outside the Old Town walls to the Western Wall is best accessed either from Jaffanport through the Armenian Quarter or from nearby Lantaport, [23] through which the site is accessible accessible even for those using wheelchairs.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[24] It is difficult to get to the area by own car, as parking spaces are scarce in the vicinity [24] but there is a taxi rank and a bus stop at the edge of the square off the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[23] Although the area is a holy place for Jews, it is at the same time a public town square where everyone has free access regardless of religion.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[24] In front of the wall, however, the head must be covered.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[23] On the Sabbath, photography is prohibited in the area.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[23] The area must be passed through a metal detector.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[3] The square also has an entrance to the tunnels under the Temple Mount, but can only be reached by guided tours.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[23] History Construction According to the Old Testament, Solomon's Temple was built on the present Temple Mount in the 9th century BCE and was eradicated by the Babylonians in 586 BCE.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Second Temple in Jerusalem was built on its site and consecrated in 516 BCE.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In its original natural form, the Temple Mount was Pienian and irregularly shaped.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It was gradually artificially enlarged so that additional temple buildings could be built at its top.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This process was completed by Herod the Great, who circled the mountain with an almost rectangular set of retaining walls whose job was to advocate buildings as well as the soils needed to expand the mountain into a geometrically regular shape.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

At the top of this structure, Herod built a paved courtyard area surrounding the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Of the four retaining walls, the western one is considered to be located closest to the former temple, making it the holiest site outside the actual temple site according to Jewish conception.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The very large boulders of stone in the lower part of the wall date from Herod's period, while the distinctly smaller stones above them were added during the Umaijad Caliphate and the uppermost, even smaller ones, largely not until the Ottoman reign.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Herod the Great began work on the expansion of the Temple and the Temple Mount around the year 19 BCE.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The temple was completely rebuilt and expanded, but the plateau surrounding it was also artificially expanded to double its surface area.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The present Western Wall was part of the retaining walls that surrounded this plateau.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In 2011, Israeli archaeologists unexpectedly reported finding Romans money minted long after Herod's death beneath the foundation stones of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

They were found at the Mikveh Baths at the southern end of the wall, which stood on the site before the construction work started by Herod and whose pool had been filled in to provide sturdy foundations for the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[25] This seems to indicate that there was no time to complete the wall before Herod's death in 4 BC.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The discovery confirms the information given by historian Flavius Josephus that the construction work was not completed until the regency of Herod's great-grandson, King Agrippa II.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[26] Given what Josephus wrote about it, the most surprising thing was that the incompleteness of the retaining wall in this area could also mean that neither the glorious Royal Stoa of Jerusalem and the stairwell that led there could be completed during Herod's time.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

What is also surprising is that the usually very meticulous builders of Herod's time might have cut corners by filling the ritual pool instead of lowering the foundations directly onto a much more stable bedrock.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Some scholars have interpreted the interpretation and have offered alternative explanations, such as later renovations.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Herod's Temple was destroyed by the Romans at the Siege of Jerusalem in 70.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity around the years 100—500 After the Romans in 135 put down the Bar Kokhba revolt, the Jews were expelled from Jerusalem and had no access to it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

However, some records suggest that in the 10th and 13th centuries some Roman emperors nevertheless allowed them to pray on the Mount of Olives and sometimes on the Temple Mount itself.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[27] After Constantine I made Christianity the state religion, Jews were allowed to visit the city only once a year, on the 9th day of the AV lunar month (Tiša be'av), on the wall lamenting the destruction of the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[28] A guide for pilgrims written in 333, the Itinerarium Burdigalense suggests that their place of prayer likely was the Founding Stone of Mount Moria, “to which the Jews come every year and consecrate it, complain and moan, tear off their clothes, and then depart.”


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This they did because under Roman imperial edicts Jews were not allowed to live in Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Only once a year were they allowed to return and bitterly bemoan the fate of their people.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Written mentions of the matter have survived in a work by Church Father Gregorios Nazanzite, as well as in a commentary written by Hieronymus in 392 on the Book of Zephaniah.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Christian sources of the same century also show that Jews faced great difficulties in purchasing the right to pray at the Western Wall even on AV moon 9.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

days.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[27] In 425, the Jews of Galilee requested a letter from the Byzantine Empress Aelia Eudocia for permission to pray to the ruins of the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Permission was granted, and they also formally obtained the right to settle again in Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[29] Middle Ages 500—1500 A few Jewish authors from the 9th and 10th centuries report that Jews used the Western Wall as a place of devotional practice.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[30] [31] According to Ahimaaz ben Paltiel, Rabbi Samuel bel Paltiel (908-1010) financed the oil of the “Western Wall Shrine”.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[32] [33] Amhma'as book scroll from the 10th century mentioning a synagogue near the Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[34] Benjamin of Tudela wrote in 1170: “In front of this place is the Western Wall, which is one of the walls of the Most Holy.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

They call this the Gate of Mercy, and here come all the Jews to pray before the wall in the open air.”


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This has been considered the earliest written evidence of the use of the Western Wall as a place of prayer, but was possibly based on a misunderstanding.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Gate of Mercy, or Golden Gate, is located on the eastern edge of the Temple Mount, and it is not clear whether Benjamin meant it or the Western Wall, which was possibly already used as a place of prayer at the time.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[35] [36] In contrast, Nahmanides (d. 1270) did not mention a synagogue located in the vicinity of the Western Wall in his singular description of the temple site [37], nor did the works of Jewish authors of the next few centuries such as Meshullam the Volterran or Obadiah ben Abraham show that in their time the Western Wall would have been considered a particularly important place of prayer, although they mention the wall itself.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[37] Obadiah ben Abraham (1488), for example, wrote of the Western Wall only that its preserved part was constructed of larger boulders of stone than what he had seen in ancient buildings in Rome or elsewhere.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[38] It was only since the 16th century that Jews are known with certainty to have prayed at their present place, and since then all written sources mention the place as a place of gathering and prayer for Jews.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

According to Mosew Hagiz, Sultan Selim I, who conquered Jerusalem, dug up the wall from beneath the intrusions accumulated in front of it and granted permission to the Jews to pray there.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[37] In 1193, some years after Saladin in 1187 recaptured Jerusalem from the Crusaders, his son and successor Al-Afdal declared the land in front of the wall consecrated.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It was named after the noted mystic Abu Madyan and handed over to Moroccan immigrants who settled there.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

A street just three feet wide was left between the buildings and the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[39] The first mentions of Islamic lineage that Buraq would be bound at that very spot are from the 14th century.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Ibn Furkah's manuscript mentions Bab-al-Nab, an old name for a gate that in Haram-al-Sharif on the south-western wall of the temple site.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[40] Ottoman reign 1517—1917 In 1517 the Turkish Ottoman conquered Jerusalem from the Mameluks who had ruled it since 1250, and many folk tales relate to Sultan Suleiman the Great's attempts to locate the location of the ancient temple and how the area” were swept and sprayed, and upon its discovery the Western Wall was washed with rosewater”.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[41] At the end of the century, Suleiman ordered a fortification wall to be built around the whole city, which is still in place today.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[42] Around that time Jews received official permission to pray at the site [39], and a prayer room designed by Ottoman architect Mimar Sinan was built on the site.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[43] Possibly permission was granted by order issued by the Sultan, intended to support the Jews of Palestine as a counterweight to the Arabs who had rebelled against the new powers, these when they were Turks and not Arabs.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[44] The first mentions of organized prayers are from 1625.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[45] Over the centuries, the area near the wall was fully built up.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The wall was accessed via the Moroccan Quarter, a labyrinth formed by narrow alleys.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In May 1840, Ibrahi Pasha forbade Jews from stonewalling the street corridor in front of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

At the same time, they were also warned against “raising their voices and showing their books there.”


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

However, they were allowed to visit the site according to the old custom.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[31] Rabbi Joseph Schwarz wrote in the middle of the nineteenth century: “This wall is visited on all feasts by all our brethren; and the vast territory at its foot is often so densely filled that not everyone can fit to practice devotions here at the same time.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

People go there, though fewer, also on every Friday afternoon, and some go there almost every day.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Mohameth do not harass anyone on these visits, for we have a very old decree of the Sultan of Constantinople that we should not be denied to approach, although the Gate levies a special, albeit insignificant tax on this privilege.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[46] As more and more Jewish visitors visited the site, they longed for easier access and more space, which is why they began to get into a dispute with local residents who complained of noise.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Disputes arose between the East and the local residents who chose the noise for easier access and more space between Jews who had longed for more space and local residents complaining about noise.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Because of this, Jews tried several times to acquire ownership for themselves in the area in the vicinity of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Already in the late 1830s, a wealthy Jew named Shemarya Luria tried to buy houses in the vicinity of the wall, but was not successful [47], as did the Bombayan Jewish scholar Abdullah, who in the 1850s tried to buy the Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[48] In 1869, Rabbi Hillel Moshe Gelbstein moved to Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

From his post in front of the wall, benches and tables were brought daily for the study groups he organised and for the minjan which he led for several years.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He also drew up a plan whereby some of the properties opposite the wall could be acquired with the intention of establishing three synagogues — one for the Sephards, one for the Hasids and the third for the Perushes.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[49] He also attempted to restore the “Guards of Honour” which, according to Middot-mišna, once surrounded the Temple Mount.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He rented a house near the wall and hired men there and at the other gates of the temple area to stand guard.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

However, this continued only for a short time due to scarce funds or Arab opposition.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[50] In 1874, Mordechai Rosanes published a new pavement for the street corridor in front of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[51] In 1881 Charles Wilson wrote that Jews could sit for hours at the Place of Appeal mournfully meditating on the history of their race and repeating several times the words of the 79th Psalm.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Especially on Fridays Jews of all ages, both men and women from all countries gathered in large numbers to kiss the sacred stones and cry outside the sanctuary where they could not reach.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[52] In 1887, Baron Rothschild drew up a plan to acquire and demolish the Moroccan Quarter “in honour of the Jewish people”.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[53] The plan was considered and approved by the Ottoman governor of Jerusalem, Rauf Pasha, and Mohammed Tahir Husseini, Mufti of Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

However, after the permit had been granted by the highest secular and Islamic religious authorities, it was postponed further when authorities insisted that after the demolition of the block nothing was allowed to be built there, only trees were permitted to be planted to beautify the area.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Jews had also failed to gain full control of the area.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This meant they would not have the right to prohibit people from using the square for other purposes, for example the driving of mules, even if it disturbed prayers.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[53] According to other accounts, the project fell through because Jews were concerned about how the Arabs would react to it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[54] In 1895, Hebrew language scholar and publisher, Rabbi Chaim Hirschensohn participated in an unsuccessful attempt to purchase the Western Wall, and thus lost all his assets.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[55] The attempts made by the Palestine Land Development Company just before the outbreak of World War I to purchase the Western Wall's immediate surroundings did not result.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[48] In the first two months after the Ottoman Empire went into the war, Zakey Bey, the Turkish governor of Jerusalem, offered the Moroccan Quarter and its 25 houses for sale to the Jews so that they could expand the area available for their prayers.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He asked for £20,000 of it, which would have been spent partly on re-colonising the Muslims who lived on the site, partly on setting up a public garden in front of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

A few months later, the Turkish authorities in Jerusalem, at the insistence of Arabs, banned Jews from placing benches and candles in front of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Jewish Rabbi Hakman Bashi tried to get the ban lifted.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[56] In 1915, Djemal Pasha closed the area to visitors, according to the official explanation for health reasons.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[57] Acts concerning the Wall * These Acts were cited by the representative of the Jews in his report in 1930 to the International Commission of the League of Nations as evidence of their rights on the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Muslim authorities responded that these historical rulings show only a demonstration of tolerance by Muslims and did not guarantee any positive rights to Jews.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[31] British reign 1917—1948 upright|miniature|Western Wall in 1920.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Collections of the National Library of Israel.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In December 1917, British forces led by Edmund Allenby recaptured Jerusalem from the Turks.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Allenby affirmed that every sacred building, monument, holy site, shrine, traditional place, endowment, pious testament, or established place of prayer of all three religions was to continue to be maintained and protected in accordance with prevailing customs and the beliefs for which they are sacred.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[58] In 1919, Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, who considered Jewish access to his holy site important, contacted the British military governor of Jerusalem, Colonel Ronald Storrs, and offered 75000 [59] for the area off the wall [59], according to other sources as much as £100000 [ 60] in order to procure it for Jews and colonize its inhabitants elsewhere.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Storrs was excited by the idea because he hoped that money could be used to improve Muslim education.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Although negotiations at first proceeded promisingly, they soon broke down to fierce opposition from Muslims.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[60] [61] Twenty years later, Storrs wrote: “Accepting the proposals, had it been feasible, would have spared years of many years of miserable indignities such as the muddling of the wall, the stonewalling, and the inappropriate squeal of Arabs of Jewish prayer during what culminated in the terrible riots of 1929.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[59] Jews and Arabs first argued over the wall in the early 1920s when Muslim authorities carried out minor renovations on the top stone layers of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Jews acknowledged that the works were twinkly necessary, but they appealed to the British to be carried out under the supervision of the newly created Office of Antiquities because the wall was a relic.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[62] In 1926, Jews attempt to lease the Moroccan quarter to which the wall was read as belonging, and at the same time planned that the area would later be purchased.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[63] Jewish judge Gad Frumkin, funded by American millionaire Nathan Straus, initiated initially secret negotiations.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Zionist leader Colonel F. H. Kisch explained that the intention was to “calmly evacuate the Moroccan inhabitants of those houses when it was later necessary to demolish them” to create an open space with seats to house aged prayers.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[63] However, Straus relented when the price proved too high and nothing came of the plan.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[64] [65] The National Council of Jews, Va'ad Leumi, requested, contrary to the position of the Palestinian Zionist Organization, that the British government expropriate the wall and hand it over to the Jews, but the British refused.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[63] In 1928, the World Zionist Organization reported that John Chancellor, the High Commissioner of Palestine, thought the wall should be brought under Jewish control and wondered why no great Jewish philanthropist had yet purchased it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[66] Unrest of September 1928 In 1922, the Mandate regime again forbade placing benches and chairs in front of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Such a ban had been enacted the last time in 1915, but this prohibition, enacted by the Ottoman regime, was soon overturned after Chacham Bash intervened.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In 1928, the Arabs asked Jerusalem District Commissioner Edward Keith-Roach to effectively bring the ban into effect.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Because of this, a British officer was placed on the scene to monitor that Jews were not allowed to sit.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Jews were also not allowed to separate men and women for real by partitions.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

These had gradually evolved into an old practice, and such movable walls were placed on the site from time to time as large crowds of people gathered there to pray.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

On 24 September, the Great Day of Atonement, British police officers made a coercive attempt to remove from the scene a wooden partition, a mechitza, which separated praying men and women.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Police officers struck women who tried to stop them from removing the wall, and used its broken pieces of wood as percussion weapons.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The chairs were pushed out from under the elderly prayers.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The issue was reported on the news across the world, and Jews everywhere resented the actions of the British.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Rabbi Yosef Chaim Sonnenfald of the ultra-Orthodox Jews of Jerusalem sent a letter of protest in them to his community, and Edah HaChareidis and Afudas Yisroel harshly condemned the desecration of the holy site.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Several local leaders declared a general strike.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

A large people's assembly was held at the Etz Chain Yeshiva, after which an angry mob of people stormed the local police station where they believed a British officer had been involved in the affair to their lodge.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[67] Commissioner Edward Keith-Roach considered that the series of events violated the Ottoman prohibition that Jews were not permitted to place any structures on the Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He explained to the Jewish community that the partitions had been removed at his behest after the Supreme Muslim Council had complained about the issue.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Arabs were concerned that Jews would attempt to extend their rights with the wall, and that their purpose, perhaps, would be to take over the Al-Aqsa Mosque.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[68] The British Government produced a report on the case, blaming it on the Jewish gabba.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It stressed that the removal of the veil was necessary, but regretted the events that followed.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[67] The Arabs are launching a campaign spread across the country to oppose the supposed Jewish efforts to take over Al Aqsa Mosque, and they established the “Society for the Protection of Muslim Holy Places.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[69] The Jewish National Council Vaad Leumi responded to the fear of the Arabs by declaring with emphasis and honesty that no Jew had intended to violate the Muslim right to holy places, but that accordingly the Arabs should also recognize the rights of Jews to those places In Palestine, which they consider sacred.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[68] The Committee also requested that the British administration redeem the wall for Jews.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[70] From October 1928 onwards, mufti Amin al-Husseini took measures to demonstrate that Arabs had exclusive rights over the Temple Mount and its vicinity.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He ordered construction work to be started in the vicinity of the Western Wall and above it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[71] The British granted permission to the Arabs to convert a house next to a wall into a mosque and build a minaret in it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

A muess was appointed there to recite the prayer calls and perform the dhikr rituals right next to the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Jews who prayed at the wall saw this as a provocation.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[72] [73] They raised objections, and the dispute escalated.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Due to the unrest, the British launched an investigation into the main subject of the dispute, the right of Jewish prayers to bring objects.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Supreme Muslim Council presented Turkish-era documents to support its claims.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

However, comments to the chief rabbinate that it should check which items are permitted received no response.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

They refused such a measure, explaining that Jews had an unlimited right to pray at the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[74] In November 1928, the government published a memorandum entitled “Jerusalem's West- or Wall of Appeal: A Memorandum of the Secretary of State to the Colonies ().


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It stressed that the status quo was still in effect and that Jews were only allowed to bring in those items that had been permitted during Turkish rule.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[75] A few months later, Haj Amin complained to John Chancellor that Jews were bringing more and more benches and tables to the wall, attaching nails to the wall and hanging lamps on them.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[69] Palestinian unrest 1929 In the summer of 1929, Mufti Haj Amin al-Husseini ordered that the southern end of the alley that runs alongside the wall had to be opened.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Thus, the former cul-de-sac became a through road, which led from the Temple Mount to the prayer site in front of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Mules were driven down this narrow alley and often made their needs there.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This, along with other projects planned nearby, as well as restrictions on access to the wall, led Jews to raise objections to the British government, which nonetheless was indifferent to them.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[74] On 14 August, a Jew who prayed at the wall was the target of attacks.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Afterwards, 6000 Jews demonstrated in Tel Aviv, shouting: “The wall is ours.”


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The next day, which was the Jewish fasting day of Tiša be'av, 300 young men raised the Zionist flag and chanted Hatikva on the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[70] On the day after that, 16 August, an organised mob of 2000 Muslim Arabs descended on the Western Wall, assaulted the Suntio, burned prayer books, liturgical equipment and notebooks.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The riots spread to the city's Jewish business center and were followed a few days later by the Hebron massacre.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[76] In the riots, 133 Jews were killed and 339 wounded, after which, as police tried to quell the riots, 110 Arabs were killed.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This was by far the highest number of casualties claimed by a riot during the British Mandate Administration in Palestine.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The 1930 International Commission As a retaliation to the 1929 riots, the British government set a commission in 1930 to “define the rights and requirements of Muslims and Jews in relation to the Western, or Wall of Appeal”.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The commission also had to identify the reasons for the violence and prevent them from happening again.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The League of Nations accepted the commission on the condition that its members were not British.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Jews insisted that the commission had to: recognize the memorable demand of the Jews that the Wall of Appeal was a holy place for the Jews, and not only for the Jews of Palestine but of the whole world.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

declare that Jews were to have access to the wall for the practice of devotions and prayers in accordance with the ritual without being interfered with or interrupted.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

declare that Jewish services were allowed to continue in observance of the decency and dignity inherent in the holy custom, which had been observed for several centuries, without violating the religious rights of others.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

declare that the provisions concerning prayers and devotions as may have been deemed necessary were to be subjected to the confirmation of the Palestinian rabbinate, which thus had to take full responsibility for the matter and therefore had to obtain the opinion of the World Rabbinate; and if the commissioners approve the plan, suggest to the Mandate Board that it had to take the necessary measures to clear the properties under Mograbi Waqf's control and that the Waqf authorities would approve them to replace new houses to be built elsewhere Jerusalem, so that the charitable purposes for which the Waqf had been established could be carried out.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Commission could thus conclude that the Jews did not, however, claim title to the wall nor the street corridor in front of it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The head of the Hebrew Teacher Seminar David Yellin, who had been a member of Parliament of the Ottoman Empire and one of the first public figures to publicly join the Zionist movement [77] served as a witness before the Commission.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He said: “To be judged before you is a nation deprived of all that is dear and holy to it in its own land—the tombs of its patriarchs, the tombs of its great kings, the tombs of its holy prophets, and above all the site of its glorious Temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Everything is taken away from it, and for all the evidence of its holiness, there is only one remnant left — one side of a small section of the wall which, on the other side, borders the site of the former Temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In front of this bare stone wall, this people stand under the open sky, in the heat of summer and the rains of winter, and pour out their hearts to their God in heaven.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[74] The Commission concluded that the wall, the street corridor in front of it and the Moroccan quarter were entirely owned by the Islamic Waqf of Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

However, Jews were required to have free access to the Western Wall at all times for the pursuit of devotions.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It could be restricted by regulations on what items were allowed to be brought into the area, and the playing of the šofar in particular was forbidden.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Muslims were forbidden from disrupting Jewish devotionals by transporting animals through the place or otherwise.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[31] Despite the ban, it happened repeatedly in the 1930s that, at the end of Yom Kippur, some young Jew was playing šofar at the scene, for which he was arrested.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Normally, they were fined or sentenced to six months in prison.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Shaw's commission explained that the violence stemmed from “Arab racial hatred resulting from their disillusionment in their political and national hopes and concern for their economic future.”


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Jordanian reign 1948—1967 After the Israeli War of Independence, which began in 1948, Jerusalem's Old City remained under Jordanian rule.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Under Article VIII of the 1949 Armistice Agreement, a special committee had to be set up which had to decide the necessary arrangements to allow free access to the holy sites.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[78] For the next 19 years, however, Jordan refused, despite objections from Israeli authorities, the United Nations and other international organizations.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Neither Israeli Arabs nor Israeli Jews could access the holy sites located on Jordanian territory.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[79] [80] Only Christians were, however, allowed to attend Christmas ceremonies in Bethlehem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[80] However, according to some accounts, Jews living outside Israel may have visited the wall if they travelled through Jordan and did not have an Israeli visa stamp on their passports.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[81] Only Jordanian soldiers and tourists could be seen at the scene.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The vantage point on Mount Sinon, from which the wall can be seen, became a place of prayer for Jews.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

For thousands of pilgrims, the mountain, which was the place under Israeli control closest to the wall, formed as a replacement place for a priestly blessing ceremony performed during three pilgrimage feasts.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[82] A street nameplate during the Jordanian reign was attached to the stones of the wall, 2.1 meters high, a ceramic Arabic and English street nameplate.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It consisted of eight ceramic tiles, and in them read higher up in Arabic: “The Way of Al Buraq” and lower in English: “Al-Buraq (Wailing Wall) Rd.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“, “The Road of Al-Burag (The Wall of Appeal)”.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

When Israeli soldiers arrived at the site in June 1967, one of them tried to carve a Hebrew text over it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[83] The Jerusalem Post newspaper reported on 8 June that Ben-Gurion visited the wall, looked at the nameplate, deeming it inappropriate, and ordered it removed.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[84] Israel's reign since 1967 With the gains made by Israel in the Six-Day War of 1967, the wall came under Israeli control.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Brigade commander and Rabbi Shlomo Goren declared after the takeover that Israel would never again give up the wall, I also confirmed Israeli Defence Minister Moshe Dayan and General Yitzhak Rabin.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[85] Rabbi Goren prayed at the wall for several hours.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Upon arriving at the site, Moshe Dayan declared that on that day Jerusalem had been united and that it would never be divided again.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[85] Rabin later described the moment when Israeli soldiers arrived at the wall: “There was one moment in the Six-Day War that symbolized a great victory: it was the moment when the first paratroops—under Gur's command—reached the stones of the Western Wall and felt the mood of the place; never there has been and never will be another such moment.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Nobody orchestrated that moment.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Nobody planned it beforehand.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

No one prepared it and no one was prepared for it, it was as if Providence had presided over the whole event: paratroopers crying — loud and in pain — for their comrades who had fallen along the way, words of Kaddish prayer heard on the stones of the Western Wall for 19 years after silence, tears of laments, cries of elation and a Hatikvah song.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[86] Two days after the takeover, the soldiers demolished, without express orders from the government, the entire Moroccan quarter, which extended four metres from the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Sheikh Edid's moseija, built in connection with the oldest Islamic school in Jerusalem, Afdiliyeh, was demolished to make way for a square to be built in the area.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It was named after Saladin's son of the same name and was one of three or four of Saladin's early mosques that still remained.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[87] The 106 Arab families who lived in the block, 650 people in the middle of the night received orders to move out.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

If they refused, the houses were toppled with bulldozers, which also caused personal injury.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

One elderly woman was buried under buildings when bulldozers knocked them down.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[88] [89] [90] There had been only a narrow alley in front of the wall, which could accommodate up to 12000 people per day, but a large square was built on the site to accommodate 400,000 people.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[91] Eyal Weizman later reported that this was done at the initiative of Chaim Herzog, who was later President of Israel, and the effort was made to be carried out as quickly as possible, because June 14 was shavuot, the feast of the Jews, when a large number of pilgrims were coming to the place and to by the time the square had to be completed.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[92] A few months later, a passageway near the wall was dug up to a depth of two and a half metres, making two layers of large stones visible.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[93] A complex of buildings was erected on the southern edge of the square, with a few more residential buildings demolished in 1969.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[94] The length of the section reserved for prayers of the Wall was then doubled from 28 merts to 60 metres.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The square stretches from the Wall to the Jewish Quarter and covers an area of about 20,000 square metres.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[95] Created in 1967, the square is used for religious expenditures and public gatherings, including bar mitzvah celebrations and military oath events by the Israeli army.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Tens of thousands of Jews gather at the wall on holidays, especially on Tiša be'av Day, a reminder of the destruction of the Temple, and Jerusalem Day, which is celebrated to commemorate the reunification of Jerusalem in 1967.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Prayers by the national monument sparked strife even just over a year after Israel's victory in the Six-Day War.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In July 1968, the World Federation of Progressive Judaism (WUPJ) appealed to the Knesset after the Ministry of Religious Affairs had banned common moments of prayer between men and women on the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The Internal Affairs Committee of the Knesset supported the Ministry of Religious Affairs by banning delegates of the Jewish Convention, who had arrived from 24 countries, from praying in their own way.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Orthodox Jews insisted that services at the wall had to follow traditional Jewish laws that required women and men to sit separately from each other in synagogues, but non-Orthodox Jews said the wall was a shrine to all Jews, not just someone for a particular branch of Judaism.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[96] Robinson's Arch at the southern end of the Western Wall is what is known as the Robinson Arch, which once joined vaults led from the street to the Temple Mount.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[97] Since it is not under the direct control of the Rabbi of the Wall nor the Ministry of Religious Affairs, the place has been opened to religious factions who hold their own worship services there, which would not be approved by a rabbi or ministry at the actual place of prayer.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[97] The need for such an area became evident in 1989, after repeated acts of violence by the Haredi.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

An activist group called Women of the Wall then called for a secure right for women to pray without restrictions.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In a 2003 decision, the Israeli Supreme Court prohibited women from publicly reading the Torah or wearing traditional tallit prayer garb to the square itself, but at the same time instructed the Israeli government to arrange a space under Robinson's arch for those who wished to do so.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[98] The venue was inaugurated in August 2004, and since then Reform and Conservative Jews and Women of the Wall have held their own worship services there.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In May 2013, the judge explained that a Supreme Court ruling from 2003 banning Jews from reading the Torah or wearing a tallit garment had been misinterpreted and that prayer moments held on the wall of Women of the Wall must not be seen as disturbing the public order.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[99] Thumble|The Isaiah stone, a plaque beneath Robinson's arch, inscribed in Hebrew the early part of the 14th verse of the 66th chapter of the Book of Isaiah: “You shall see it, and your heart will rejoice, and your bones will be refreshed like the grass of hatred.”


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In April 2013, Natan Sharansky, director of the Jewish Agency for Israel, suggested that the area off Robinson's Arch should be expanded and redeveloped so that worship expenditures that are not based on an orthodox interpretation of Jewish tradition could be held there.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[100] On 25 August of the same year, just over 400 square metres of your prayer “Azarat Yisrael Plaza” was completed in the area, which is always open, even when the archaeological excavation site on which it is located is closed in other respects.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[101] [102] After some controversy over the administrative status of this place of prayer, it was decided to place it under the control of a new “pluralist council” in which non-Orthodox Jews would have their representatives.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[103] In January 2016, the Israeli Cabinet approved a plan to set aside an area on the wall where men and women could pray together and which would not be under the control of the rabbinate.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Women of the Wall supported the decision with glee, [104].


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In contrast, Rabbi Shlomo Amar, the leader of Jerusalem's Sephardic Jews, viewed the establishment of an area where men and women could pray together as sacrilege comparable to seeing the entire wall eradicated.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The rabbinate announced that it was drawing up an alternative plan.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[105] Wilson arch miniature|left|Torah coffin on the men's side of Wilson's arch.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Wilson's Arch is a vault-like gate located in the north corner of the Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In 2005, the Western Wall Heritage Foundation proposed the covered area in its vicinity to be redeveloped under the leadership of Rabbi Shmuel Rabonivitch.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[106] [107] A Torah coffin was placed on the site, which can hold more than one hundred Torah scrolls, as well as bookshelves and a library.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The covered space is heated in winter and air-conditioned in summer.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[106] A room was also built there for scribes to maintain and store the Torah scrolls used on the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[106] On July 25, 2010, an “eternal fire” was lit in the prayer room at Wilson's arch.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[106] According to the Heritage Foundation of the Western Wall, it had been hoped for several years that an olive oil lamp, as is customary in Jewish synagogues, to resemble the menorah of the Temple in Jerusalem, is a place particularly close to the ancient holy fire.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[106] Many special services have been delivered at the site since the reformations.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Even before the reforms, in September 1983, Rabbi Arnold Resnichoff, commander of the U.S. Sixth Fleet, had been allowed to hold an unusual interfaith joint worship service at the site, the first of its kind since the territory had come under Israeli control.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The occasion was also exceptional insofar as men and women sat on the same benches.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The devotional, which lasted ten minutes, included Resnicoff's recitation of Aaron's blessing (the Lord's blessing).


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Also present was a representative of Israel's Ministry of Religious Affairs, responding to questions from press representatives that the occasion was part of a welcome ceremony for the U.S. Sixth Fleet.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[108] Rabbit on the Wall After the 1967 Arab—Israeli War, Rabbi Yehuda Meir Getz was appointed overseer of events held at the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[109] Upon his death in 1995, Rabbi Shmuel Rabinowitz was appointed to the position.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[110] Religious significance and rituals Judaism According to rabbinical tradition, the Western Wall was built on the foundations built by King Solomon for the First Temple in Jerusalem.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[111] One midras of late antiquity refers to the Western Wall of the Temple, which would “never be destroyed" [112], and the Rabba of Lamentations recounts how the Romans were unable to bring down the Western Wall because a divine oath promised it would be preserved forever.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[113] Another midras quotes a 3rd-century scribe saying that Rav Acha would have said that God's presence will never disappear from the Western Wall "[114], and the same is also said in the Zohar.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[115] Some medieval rabbis said that the Western Wall was the preserved wall of the temple proper and warned the Jews not to approach it, for then they would enter the temple in a state of impurity.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[116] According to many current rabbis, the sanctity of the temple also applied to the wall that had fallen on the Temple Mount, and that its preserved part of the wall is sacred even after the destruction of the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[117] However, in the opinion of most secular scholars, the lineage information relating to the wall originally concerned the western outer wall of the temple proper, and only since the 16th century they have gradually begun to interpret the preserved western part of the retaining wall surrounding the mountain.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Rabbi Zvi Hirsch Kaindenover, in writing about the prayers to be performed on the wall, has also addressed the mystical nature of the Hebrew word “kotel”.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

He quotes the Zohar stating that this word meaning wall consists of two parts: “Ko”, which is the numerical value of God's name, and “Tel”, which signifies a mountain and thus refers to the Temple and its Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[118] Jonathan Eybeschutz wrote in the 18th century that after the temple's hulking, God ceased to be present in his sanctuary and transferred his presence to the Western Wall, where it is preserved in its holiness and glory.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[119] Great Jewish scholars such as Isaac Luria and Radvaz are reported to have experienced divine apparitions on the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[120] Holiness of the Wall Most, though not all Jews consider the wall sacred.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Many current Orthodox posecs believe that the square off the wall, too, has the status of a synagogue and should be treated with due respect.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[111] The same is also the perception of the authorities responsible for the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Thus, men and married women must cover their heads as they approach the wall and dress in accordance with the value of the place.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

When leaving the scene, the custom is to walk backwards away from the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[111] On Saturdays, no cameras or other electronic devices may be brought into the area that violates the sanctity of the Sabbath.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Some Orthodox Jewish law teachers warn people against sticking their fingers in the crevices of the wall, as they say the wall is part of the Temple Mount itself and as such sacred, while others think it is permissible, as the wall is already outside the temple grounds.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[121] In times past, some visitors wrote their names on the wall or, in accordance with their interpretations of a few verses of the Bible, inserted nails into its slits.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

These customs were abandoned when the rabbis explained that they violated the sanctity of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[50] Even today, some pilgrims, as well as persons who are about to travel abroad, beat off the wall some small bill or take some sand from its crevices as a keepsake, or because it was believed to bring good luck.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

This led to a dispute in the late 19th century over whether it was permissible, and in 1898 a long answer to the question was published in the Jerusalem-based journal Havatzelet.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It stated that even if it was permissible under Jewish law, the custom had to be stopped because it was an infringement on holiness.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[50] Now Uyalkut Yosef has explained that it is forbidden to remove shavings, stones or dust from the wall, but it is permissible to remove plants growing on its surface into an amulet, for they are not sacred.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[122] The cleaning of stones is also problematic for halakha rules.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

A graffiti containing blasphemy once sprayed on it by a tourist remained visible for several months until it began to wear off.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[123] In the past, it was customary to take off shoes when approaching the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In a collection of special prayers recited at holy sites from the 17th century, it is said that upon arrival at the Western Wall, one must take off your shoes, bow down and recite prayers.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[50] Ranni Moses Reicher wrote that it is a good and respectable way to approach the Western Wall in white robes, kneel and throw oneself to the ground, saying, “This is nothing but the house of God, and here is the Gate of Heaven.”


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Four cubits from the wall had their shoes removed.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[50] Gradually the custom has been abandoned, and taking off shoes while standing in front of the wall is not considered necessary, since the square is beyond the actual temple area.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[122] In Judaism, the Western Wall is venerated as the only vestige of a sacred temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

It has become a place of pilgrimage for Jews because of all the places where they are allowed to visit, it is closest to the most holy place, the Foundation Stone (Even ha-shetiya) on the Temple Mount, around which the Most Holy of All was located during the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

According to rabbinical opinion, Jews are not permitted to enter the Temple Mount themselves, and if they do so, they are guilty of a sin punishable by careth.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Pretty much all historians and archaeologists, as well as some rabbis, believe that the rock embankment in the Rock Mosque is the Foundation Stone, [124] but according to other rabbis it lies directly opposite the visible part of Western Mur, next to the source of el-Kasi.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[125] Lamenting the destruction of the temple The Wall is known first and foremost as a place where Jews deplore the destruction of the Temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

To commemorate the destruction every year on the 9th day of the av lunar month, late July or early August, a day of mourning and fasting called Tiša be'av is celebrated.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Every year on that day, a large crowd of people gather at the Western Wall to lament the destruction of the temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In 2007 there were more than 100000 visitors [126] miniature image|Tiša be'av at the Western Wall in the 1970s.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

According to Jewish law, when walking at the Western Wall, one must mourn the inconsolable space of the temple and tear off clothes.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[127] Yoel Sirkis (Bach) instructed in the 17th century that whoever sees the Gates of Mercy in the Western Wall built by David must recite: “His gates have sunk into the earth, he hath destroyed and broken his latches, his king and princes are among the nations, his law not no longer be, his prophets receive no visions from the Lord.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[128] He went on to say that the city itself was in such a state of decline that when approached from the surrounding hills, the Western Wall was immediately visible.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Today, many posecks are of the opinion that the ordinance to tear off clothes is no longer valid because Jerusalem is under Jewish control.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Others disagree because the Temple Mount itself, however, is under the control of the Islamic waqf and that mosques on the site of the temple should evoke feelings of suffering.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The prevailing custom is to tear off clothes if the wall has not been seen for 30 days, but on the Sabbath or holidays that may not be done in that case either.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[129] [130] According to Donneal Epstein, a person who has not seen the wall for 30 days should recite, “Our holy temple, which was our glory, where our ancestors prayed to you, was burned and all our joys were destroyed.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[131] The Wall as a place of prayer according to Talmudic scholars, prayer The Temple Father of Jerusalem corresponds to prayer before the throne of Glory, because the gate of heaven is there and it is open for the hearing of prayers.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[132] According to Jewish law, the amida should be prayed with a face turned towards Jerusalem, the Temple and ultimately the Most Holy, [133] for God's grace and blessing spread from there.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[111] It is generally believed that prayer at the Western Wall is particularly blesseful because it is the most sacred part of the Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[111] Rabbi Jacob Ettlinger wrote: “Since the gate of heaven is near the Western Wall, it is understandable that all prayers of Israel rise to heights there... as the great ancient Kabbalist Rabbi Joseph Gikatilla said when the Jews sent their prayers from the diaspora in the direction of Jerusalem, and from there they ascended along the Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[50] The chronicle of Ahimaaz from 1050 describes the Western Wall as a place of prayer for the moonlings.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Around the year 1167, at the end of the Crusader period, Benjamin of Tudela wrote: “In front of this place is the Western Muth, one of the walls of the Most Holy.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

They call this the Gate of Mercy, and here all the Jews come to pray in front of the wall in the open air.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[134] “Organized Prayers” was first mentioned in 1625 by an author whose name is unknown.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[31] Torah scrolls were occasionally brought to the scene during times of public distress or misfortune, as illustrated by Rabbi Gedaliah Semitiz, who visited Jerusalem in 1699.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“On Friday morning, March 13, 1863, the author visited this holy site.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Here he saw between one and a hundred Jews of all ages of both sexes standing or sitting, and bowing as they locked, sang or recited, moving behind and forward, tears running down the faces of many; they kissed the wall and wrote Hebrew phrases on it...


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The most commonly used lament was Psalm 79:1 “O God, the pagans have invaded your heritage, they have defiled thy holy temple.” The Rev.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

James W. Lee, 1863.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[135] The writings of many travellers to the Holy Land, especially from the 18th and 19th centuries, describe how the wall and its vicinity continued to be a devotional place for Jews.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[31] Isaah Yahuda, a noted member of the Sephardic community in Jerusalem, told how men and women gathered by the wall to listen to a sermon in Ladinon.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

His great-great-grandmother, who arrived in Palestine in 1841, visited the Western Wall during the summers of winters on every Friday afternoon and stayed there for several hours until the moment the candles were lit, including the entire Book of Psalms and the Song of Songs.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[136] Before, women could sit in the alley leading to the wall each Sabbath carrying fragrant herbs and spices, so that the prayers could perform extra blessings.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In hot weather, they would provide cold water.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The women also cast a lottery as to who had to flush and wash the alley in front of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[50] Throughout the ages, the wall has been a place where Jews have expressed gratitude to God or prayed for mercy.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

When the news of the Normandy invasion was heard on 6 June, thousands of Jews went to the wall to pray for “success for His Majesty and the Allied forces, so that they might be able to liberate all areas occupied by the enemy.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[137] On 13 October 1944, 50,000 people gathered at the site to pray that the kidnapped soldier Nachson Wachsman could return safely.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[138] On August 10, 2005, a large crowd of about 70,000 prayers gathered at the site opposing Israel's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[139] Tisheri month 2009 saw a record number of visitors, 1.5 million visitors.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[140] Men's and women's prayer sites Today, men's and women's prayer places are separately in front of the wall, men's left and women's right.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[3] However, such separate places of prayer did not exist yet in the 19th century, [141] and even today the issue is the subject of ongoing controversy between different trends in Judaism.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The issue is further detailed above in the chapter of Robinson's Arc).


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Prayer tags Jews praying at the site have an old habit of pushing pieces of paper with prayer written between the stones of the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[3] The earliest mention of this custom is from Rabbi Chaim ibn Attar (d.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[142] Every year more than a million pieces of paper are pushed there.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[143] It is also maodholic to email the prayer at www.aish.com or www.thekotelprayer.com, with the prayer printed in Jerusalem and placed in the wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[3] Islam The Western Wall is also revered as a holy place by Muslims because, according to their faith, in its vicinity Mohammed harnessed his miraculous steed Buraq during his nightly visit to Jerusalem (Al-Isra).


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Varying understandings have been expressed as to where this, strictly speaking, took place, but for several centuries it has been most commonly believed to have taken place at the site of al-Buraq Mosque, which is just inside the wall at what is now Western Wall Square.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

The mosque is located above an ancient entrance, which once began with the long overgrown Barclay's Gate, whose great stuff still appears directly below the Moroccans gate.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[144] When a British Jew in 1840 asked the Egyptian authorities for permission to stone the area off the Western Wall again, the Governor of Syria replied: It is clear from the copy of the memorandum of opinion of the Jerusalem Consultative Council that the place to be Jews request permission, is immediately associated with the Haram al-Sharif wall and also to the place where al-Buraq was harnessed, and is included in the area donated by Abu Madyan God bless his memory, and that Jews never before have performed any repair work on the site.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Therefore, Jews must not be allowed to stone the place.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[145] Christianity Some scholars believe that when Jerusalem in the 3rd century came under Christian rule, the religious significance of the Temple Mount la Western Wall as holy sites was deliberately “transferred” to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, while the Temple Mount and its vicinity were used as a dump.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[146] However, many contemporary Christian leaders such as Pope John Paul II and Benedict XVI, who visited the wall and left messages of prayer in its crevices, have been seen as symbolically demonstrating that even today Christians respect and this old religious place and consider it sacred.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[146] “Itkumuuri” is also mentioned in the hymn Soi thank-you once written by Jaakko Haavio for missionary work in Israel in 1962, which in the current Finnish hymnal is hymn 425.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[147] Views and Opinions Jews Most Jews, both religious and secularized, consider the wall important to the Jewish people because it was originally built to support the Second Temple.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

They see Israel's 1967 takeover as a historic case because it restored Jewish access to the area after a 19-year hiatus.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[148] However, some Haredi Jews are of a different view.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Most notable are the adherents of the Hasidist dynasty of Satmar, who share the views of their Grand Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Teitelbaum did not visit the Wall after the 1967 conquest, although he had visited the site when he visited the Holy Land in the 1920s.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

In 1994, Shlomo Goren claimed that the Wall has only 300 years of tradition as a place of prayer for Jews, as they were forced to pray there when they had been forbidden to gather on the Temple Mount itself.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[149] Israelis According to a 2007 opinion survey conducted by the Jerusalem Israel Research Institute, 96% of Israeli Jews oppose Israel's withdrawal from the Western Wall.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[150] In a speech on Jerusalem Day 2009, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu declared: “The flag flaming over the hut is the flag of Israel...


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Our holy places, the Temple Mount — will remain under Israel's sovereignty forever.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

“[151] Muslims miniature|The Western Wall and the Rock Mosque.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

According to Muslim conception, the wall is, at least in its present time, an integral part of the Al-Aqsa Mosque.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

More recently, some of them have also questioned or denied that it was originally associated with the Jewish Second Temple, or that the temple ever existed in the area now known as the Temple Mount.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[152] In December 1973, King Faisal of Saudi Arabia declared in his opinion that only Muslims and Christians have holy places and rights in Jerusalem, while Jews have no right to do so.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

Of the Western Wall, he said, a new wall could be built for Jews elsewhere, after which they could pray in front of it.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[153] Palestinian Authority authorities have claimed that Jews began to regard the wall as a place of worship only from 1917 onwards, after the Balfour Declaration had been issued.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[154] This has been alleged, inter alia, in an official bulletin issued by the Ministry of Information of the Palestinian Authority in November 2010.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[155] Also, the Mufti of Jerusalem, Sheikh Ekrima Sa'id Sabri, has said that the wall belongs exclusively to Muslims.


Question: Where is the Wailing Wall located?

Western Wall

[156] In 2000, he explained that no stone of the Al-Buraq Wall was anything to do with Jews, and that Jews did not begin to pray at the site until the 19th century, when they began to develop their national aspirations.