Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The British government received word from its secret agent about French plans to invade Egypt, but the government did not take them seriously.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Preparations for the Egyptian war expedition were completely drowned out by preparations for the French fleet's invasion of Britain.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon, however, stated himself that an invasion would be impossible.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Britain concentrated all its vigour on preventing French plans, leading it to assemble a large fleet in the English Channel and completely ignoring the preparations for the French expedition to Egypt.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The whole Egyptian expedition was to be sold at the very beginning, when the Napoleon-led fleet avoided a confrontation with the British Navy's committee forces at the last point.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[11] It came close to not having Napoleon confronted the troops led by Horatio Nelson seventeen years before the Battle of Waterloo.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Given the power relations and combat skills of the fleets, it is almost unanimous among historians that the clash would almost compulsively have destroyed Napoleon and his troops.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[11] However, a confrontation was avoided, because even though the fleets' routes were crossed, the French ships had time to disappear behind the skyline moments before the British ships could have seen them.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

According to the ideals of the Enlightenment period, Napoleon took with him a team of scientists who conducted studies in Egypt.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The most famous result of the work was the discovery of the Rosetta Stone.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

While the scientists were conducting their research, Napoleon defeated the warrior people who ruled Egypt, an army assembled by the Mamelucks, and marched with his troops to Cairo.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Soon, however, thirst, heat and pestilence began to torment his troops.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The English fleet had blocked the return road to France, and Napoleon could not retreat with his troops from Egypt.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's situation was not improved by the fact that Horatio Nelson had destroyed Napoleon's fleet at the Battle of Abukir, in which 1700 men of the French died and 3000 were captured.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Of the Britons, only 218 were killed.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The only realistic route of return to France had been cut off from the forty thousand men in Egypt, as advancing by land would have been virtually impossible.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon did not stand idly by, however, choosing to continue his war expedition.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He and his troops marched east, facing Syria.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

There he encountered an Ottoman force supported by Britain.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's advance slowed, albeit with his success in occupying the city of Jaffa.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

While besieging the town of Akko, Napoleon lost over 5000 men and was forced to retreat.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He never made it to advance further east.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Eventually he decided to abandon the Egyptian war expedition and return to his homeland, and that's when he left with five hundred soldiers back to France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

After his return to France, Napoleon feared that the people would blame him for the failure of the Egyptian war expedition.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, he was received in jubilation by the people as the saviour of the kingdom, for during the Egyptian war expedition France had been in a more threatened position than at any time since the Great Revolution.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In November, Napoleon staged a coup.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The date was 18, according to the French Revolutionary calendar.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Brumaire (9 November 1799).


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The coup was carried out with the support of the military.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The National Assembly was dissolved, causing delegates to call Napoleon a dictator, bringing this into a nerve scene.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon collapsed, [12] whereupon his bodyguard took him into his ministry and his Lucien brother continued his capture.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Direktor Barras was forced to relinquish power, which was transferred to the consulate of three equal consuls, Napoléon Bonaparte, Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès and Charles-François Lebrun.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The consuls were to be re-elected every ten years, but were nevertheless declared lifelong in 1802 and Bonaparte the first consul.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In practice, Napoleon had become the mono-ruler of France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

An attempt was made to assassinate Napoleon on 24 December 1800, when a bomb was detonated in Paris while he was going to the opera.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The attempt at attentate did not remain unique, and the kingship had not disappeared from France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Louis XVIII, the brother of King Louis XVI, executed in the revolution, lived as an exile in Germany, waiting only for a suitable time to return to France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon, for his own security, was forced to tighten security measures and during his consular period France developed into a police state.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The police were led by Joseph Fouché, who was superior in his work to others.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He protected Napoleon decisively, but he himself harboured himself to the position of French monopoly.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[13] Napoleon knew this, but he needed Fouché to keep his kingdom in check.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[13] 1802 he sent the Minister of Police Fouché into retirement, but two years later he was forced to send his emissary to reclaim him to his former post.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

First Consul After becoming First Consul, Napoleon was determined to once again engage in battle against the Austrians.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He left St. Pierre in May 1800 with 40,000 men to cross the Alps.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[14] The crossing of the Alps lasted seven days and during this time Napoleon's soldiers had to carry not only their heavy range but also the army's cannons.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The cannons were detached from their levees and placed inside hollow tree trunks.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

One cannon was pulled by a hundred men.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

After crossing the Alps, he engaged in the Battle of Marengo against Austrian forces.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, the battle did not become as Napoleon had hoped; rather, defeat was very close indeed.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The French withdrew from the plain, on which more and more Austrians were sliding in.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In a mortar rain, the retreat of the retreating French was already beginning to resemble escaping.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon is told two decades from now, while on St. Helena and lying on his deathbed, that he was still repeating Marengo's name in despair, muttered vague words.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[15] The battle certainly seemed completely lost, but in an instant the course of the battle turned.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

General Desaux of Napoleon's forces brought his own division to the battlefield, turning the French retreat into a counterattack.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Within hours, the Austrians had lost and Napoleon was the undisputed winner.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

General Desaux fell at the Battle of Marengo himself, and he thus could not become a rival to Napoleon.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[15] The victory at the Battle of Marengo further consolidated Napoleon's power and, in making peace with Austria, France gained the entire west bank of the Rhine as far as Holland.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

At the same time, the Austrian Emperor had to recognize the Batavian Republic, the Helvetian Republic, the Cisalpine Republic and the Ligurian Republic.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

During his tenure as consul, Napoleon established his power as the undisputed ruler of France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He made reforms of education, legislation, economics and administration consistent with the ideas of the French Revolution.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Code Napoléon, which was chiefly a collection of laws drawn up by Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès, the second consul replaced the local laws of the feudalism period with a single uniform collection of laws.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Several European countries later adopted the model for their own legislation.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon made peace with Britain on 26 March 1802.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He also sold a large tract of land from 1802 North America to the United States because he would not have been able to defend it.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

With this land transaction, the area of the then United States was doubled.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In this so-called Louisiana land deal, more than 2000,000 km² of land changed hands for only $15 million.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Thirteen states were later formed out of French Louisiana.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon extended his influence to Switzerland and Germany, but the dispute over Malta again led to Britain's declaration of war in 1803 and support for royalists opposed to Napoleon.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Emperor Napoleon I The French voted almost unanimously in favour of the establishment of the Empire in a referendum held in November 1804.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Pope Pius VII crowned Napoleon Emperor on 2 December 1804.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On 26 May 1805, he was crowned in Milan Cathedral with the Iron Crown of Lombardy also King of Italy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The coronation performed by the pope had symbolic significance because more than a thousand years earlier, that is, in 800, the Pope had crowned Charles the Great as emperor.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

To emphasise that he was superior to everyone else, Napoleon took his crown from the hands of the Pope and himself crowned himself Emperor of France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

It was left to the pope only to perform sacred anointing.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Cannon shots paid tribute to Napoleon and among the people they were said to have belonged as far as the coast of the British Isles.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[16] The next day, Napoleon inspected his troops in the Mars field.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

His regiments were now given golden imperial eagles as their insignia, much like the soldiers of the Roman Empire thousands of years ago.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon prepared for yet another war.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleonic Wars After becoming Emperor, Napoleon again set about waging wars against other European countries.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

These wars fought between 1803—1815 are referred to by the generic term Napoleonic Wars.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon now had an army of 120,000 men under his command, [17] La Grande Armée.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon began building new ports in the northern parts of France and new ships for his fleets, as he wanted to occupy Britain.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He was still surrounded by enemies, especially Britain and the Russian Empire still posing great threats.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The years 1803—1805 were a “time of great fear” for the Britons and at that time a Napoleonic invasion was expected day after day.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon built large flat-bottomed ships that were to carry his mighty army across the English Channel to occupy Britain.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Around the same time, power in Russia changed and Alexander I. Napoleon gained from this not an ally but an enemy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Europeans' attitude towards Napoleon was increasingly cool and King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden even considered him a beast of the Book of Revelation.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In Europe, a Third Federation opposed to Napoleon was formed, which Austria too joined a few months after its formation.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, Napoleon's new flat-bottomed ships proved unseaworthy, and Napoleon was no longer going to waste his time in the arms race of the English Channel fleets and decided to set off with his armies.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon and his troops marched east to take together with the main Austrian army.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

As Napoleon travelled towards battle, Horatio Nelson and his troops set sail towards Trafalgar.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On 20 October 1805, Mack, commander-in-chief of the Austrian army, surrendered with his troops at the town of Ulm


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The following day, however, the Franco-Spanish plan to destroy the British Royal Navy experienced a setback at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October 1805, and although Admiral Nelson was killed in it, Britain gained a lasting upper hand at sea for the next hundred years.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Nelson imagined in the moments of his death that he had defeated Napoleon once and for all, and Napoleon either had no idea of Trafalgar's defeat after he defeated Mack's army.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In the battle against the Third Alliance of 1805, Napoleon again achieved a major victory against Austria and Russia at Austerlitz on 2 December 1805, the anniversary of his crowning as emperor.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

This battle has been called the highlight of Napoleon's life and there he defeated an army larger than himself through his ingenious strategy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon had chosen the battleground himself and was left waiting for the enemy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

His army pretended to be tired and weak.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon himself asked for a ceasefire as a snow eye, and starred Lope to an exhausted peace envoy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Of course, the leadership of the Austrian-Russian army was able to hear a report from their sender that Napoleon's army was weak and he himself exhausted.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The enemy armies believed they had had a great opportunity to destroy Napoleon's forces.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

An Allied victory looked certain.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Allied forces began their march towards the “weak” right flank of the French, but at the same moment the main force of the French attacked from the flanks into the Allied centre and beat the army apart.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In a nine-hour battle, the enemy army was thoroughly defeated.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Even the elite Russian forces were lightly beaten to the ground.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The last Russians fled to the ice of the lake, but Napoleon's cannons dispersed it and thousands drowned.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's forces were only half the enemy forces, but still his had managed to halve the entire Allied army.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The battle has been considered one of Napoleon's most brilliant and Napoleon himself described it as “my most beautiful battle”.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The following year he also batted for Prussia at Jena and Auerstedt (14 September 1806).


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Thus Napoleon also became the de facto ruler of Germany.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

After marching through Poland and defeating the Russian army at Friedland, he concluded with Alexander I, Emperor of Russia, peace and an alliance by which those two great powers divided Europe between them.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Russia invaded Sweden with the idea of forcing Sweden into the British embargo, as after hard diplomatic persuasion proved fruitless, Alexander came under pressure from Napoleon to declare a war on Sweden in 1808, known as the Finnish War.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

As a result, Finland was annexed as part of Russia.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Finland then became subject to Russian rule and in 1809 the Grand Duchy of Finland was established.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The French part of Poland was made Grand Duchy of Warsaw, with a Saxon king placed at its head.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Still in 1809, Napoleon annexed the Church State into the French Empire.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

With his brother he installed as King of Spain.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, the Spanish began to revolt, and the British came ashore in Portugal.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Austria invaded Germany, but suffered defeat at Wagram on 6 July 1809.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Invasion of Russia Russian Tsar Alexander I said he broke free of the British blockade.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In 1812, Napoleon invaded from Poland against Russia.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Poles suggested to Napoleon that this would take over the part of Poland belonging to Russia alone.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon rejected caution and marched his troops towards Moscow.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He first set foot on Russian soil at five o'clock on Wednesday 24 June 1812.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On the morning of entering Russia, Napoleon shouted to his soldiers: Napoleon marched across the Niemen river in all around 450,000 troops.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Among them was the dreaded Imperial Guard, “50,000 Immortals.”


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

They had been chosen with special care: each Guardsman had to be at least 176 centimeters tall.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Guard ran on brown horses.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Guard was the pride of Napoleon's army.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The course of the Russian war expedition still seemed very promising and Napoleon was confident of his victory.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon decided to march his troops first to Vilnius, but the march became surprisingly heavy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The wind crossed, it began to rain, and at night there was already frost.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[18] The cheerful mood of the army switched to depression and many died on the way to Vilnius.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon assumed he would find a lot of provisions there in order to replenish his food supply.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, Vilnius had been evacuated and fields burned.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

There were few residents and monastery monks left in the town.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon had envisioned the entire Russian takeover of Russia for approximately two months when he went on the offensive, [19] but the retreat of the Russian army and the scorched earth tactics it employed prolonged the war and confused Napoleon's plan.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon should at this point have found the Russian expedition to be an overwhelming challenge for France: thousands of French people died a day.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon had already lost 20,000 horses before a single confrontation with the Russians.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon decided to continue, however, as he had, in spite of everything, a much larger army than Alexander I and Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, who was leading the troops.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon quickly organized a vassal government in Vilnius and hastened to resume the war expedition.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Russians withdrew and did not agree to battle, but Napoleon still managed to separate the two Russian armies from each other.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon could have tried to strike, but he decided to wait for his army's retroop for another 24 hours.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

During that time, the Russian army had already retreated.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon had to keep going.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The two Russian armies were united again.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

A month had passed, but there was still not a single battle and Napoleon's army was still losing its men daily.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon declared to the troops that the expedition would be over and the troops would be accommodated in Russia for the winter.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, the next day he regretted his declaration and soon gave the order to leave towards Moscow.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon knew that Russian troops were forced to defend the city of Smolensk, as it was among the most important and holy cities in Russia.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The first major battle was fought on 7 September in Borodino off Moscow.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The battle was extremely bloody and the losses of both sides were heavy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's strategic skill seemed to be lost and he attacked directly from the front into a great massacre.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon lost 25,000 soldiers in the battle [20] and Kutuzov 38,000.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[20] Napoleon's army may be considered to have been scantily victorious, but the decisive victory he had hoped for he did not receive.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In addition, his army had suffered heavy losses deep on enemy soil.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He continued on to Moscow, expecting Alexander I to now plead for peace.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Moscow did not surrender but, on the orders of Mayor Fyodor Rostoptsin, Moscow was burned.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

After a month, Napoleon began to fear power in France would fall out of his hands.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Because the army's food supply was difficult, he set out in the autumn weather on the return march.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

She departed on 19 October for the return voyage.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The first snow fell on 15.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

on October.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[21] The Grande Armée in France suffered terrible losses: only 75,000 men out of the 600,000 who left for the conquest made it back to France in November 1812.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's misfortunes in Russia incited the states of Sweden, Prussia, Austria and, with some input, Britain, Spain and Portugal to rise alongside Russia against him.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The French defeat finally came at the Battle of Leipzig 16—19.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

on October 1813.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In the battle, Napoleon lost to an enemy much larger than himself and was forced to retreat to France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He lost an entire army and the Allies now had enormous superiority.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The accompanying French Foreign Minister Louis de Caulaincourt wrote in his diary on his return journey thus: Battle for France and Expulsion to Elba After his return from Russia Napoleon quickly assembled a new army in Russia to replace what was lost in Russia.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

This army, however, consisted largely of inexperienced soldiers, and was not as effective as La Grande Armée had been.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

France had never been so weak under Napoleon's emperor.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, European states were not yet ready to attack together, as historical mutual disagreements held the armies back.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Austria and Prussia doubted Russia's intentions to advance as deep into the heart of Europe as France, while Tsar Alexander I of Russia wanted to get to avenge the Moscow fire, but this was held back by his generals.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Austria was suspicious of Prussia's intentions and feared it would seek to acquire all German territory for itself and increase its influence considerably.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Prussian commander was already ready to march on Paris, but the king refused.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Britain, too, was hesitant, as the current situation was new to it.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Even since the Middle Ages, it had incited other European countries against each other, but now it was in league with its former enemies.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

As a solution to the ill-awareness, the Allies decided to offer Napoleon the peace of 1813.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In peace, France would have retreated to its “natural borders”, whereby the country would have been forced to cede all the conquests it had acquired except Belgium and some confessional lands in the Alps.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Allies assumed Napoleon would refuse, thus giving these a brilliant reason to attack.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon agreed to the terms.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The new twist confused the Allied plans and they withdrew their offer.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon continued to assemble his army.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Officially the troops numbered 300,000 men, but in the end only 150,000 of them fought in the war.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On top of this, the army had a shortage of everything, food, money and horses.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The will to fight was down, and not many people thought France would rise to the same position it had before the war expedition to Russia.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The burghers holding power with Napoleon were unaware of their situation, unwilling to put themselves directly behind Napoleon.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon had also been abandoned by his own family and, among others, King Josef of Spain conspired with Bernadotte, who had opposed Sweden, to save his crown.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

At the same time, Louis's brother pleased the Austrian emperor.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

As the Allies quarreled among themselves, King Charles XIV of Sweden, John, an earlier Napoleonic ally of Bernadotte, decided to strike.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He wanted Norway for himself even now, so as not to have to engage in lengthy negotiations about it with the Allies when the war was over.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He invaded Denmark and quickly defeated it.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In peacemaking, Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

At the same time, Denmark had to commit itself to the war against Napoleon and the Allied resources only grew.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In 1814, Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria formed an invasion alliance against Napoleon.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon went on the offensive against the Allies, knowing his own army was weaker and smaller.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Yet he was still a brilliant strategist, and it would not have been the first time he had defeated an enemy larger than himself.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He monitored the situation closely and was ready to strike as soon as the enemy made one mistake.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On 10 February, he struck one Russian detachment that had invaded France at Chaumpabert.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He took over 6000 prisoners of war, plundered 40 cannons and 200 ammunition wagons, captured the commander, generals, and all colonel.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The next day Napoleon won again.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Again he destroyed a large army of Russians and Prussians, gaining 7000 prisoners and over 40 more cannons.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon did not stay to celebrate his victories but continued his pursuit and on 12 February he encountered the posthumous force of his enemy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In this case, Napoleon wrote in a letter to his wife: Napoleon fought six battles in nine days.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In addition to this, the French revolted against enemies that invaded their country.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon was asked for a truce, but this did not agree.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Instead, he offered peace in which France would be allowed to keep its “natural borders.”


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Allies demanded Napoleon cede Belgium, which had been part of France since 1795.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon refused and the war resumed on 28 February.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon was again victorious, as his army of 35,000 men managed to evict the Prussian army of 85,000 soldiers from the vicinity of Paris.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

While the countryside still revolted against the enemy, there was a mood in Paris in the country.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, Napoleon continued his battles and on 14 March he took his last victory over the Russo-Prussian army, gaining himself 5000 prisoners and 25 cannons.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The victories, however, were not enough.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The enemy was overwhelming and Napoleon's forces began to tire.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The Duke of Wellington continued his advance into Paris and France was attacked from all directions.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Although Napoleon had gained twelve great victories, his kingdom was lost.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Coalition forces marched on Paris on 31 March 1814.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The victors ordered Napoleon to abdicate the crown and he handed it over on 6 April to his son.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, the victors demanded unconditional surrender and Napoleon relinquished the crown for a second time on 11 April.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In the Treaty of Fontainebleau, the victors exiled Napoleon to the island of Elba 20 miles off the coast of Italy.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He was allowed to keep the rank of emperor, but the Empire was now confined to that small island.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Returning to power and the Hundred Day Empire Napoleon tried to poison himself but failed.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On his way to Elba, there was an attempt to assassinate him.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In France, the Royalists took over and Louis XVIII was elevated to power.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon became concerned about the fate of his wife and son at the hands of the Austrians, and the French government failed to pay him the promised pension.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In addition, he heard rumors of his expulsion further to some Atlantic island.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon fled Elba on 26 February 1815 and arrived in France on 1 March.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Army troops sent against him turned to his side.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He arrived in Paris on 20 March, supported by the army's 140,000 regulars and 200,000 volunteers, and seized power.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

This second reign of his fell short, however, and is known as the Hundred Day Empire.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

After coming to power in Paris, Napoleon went against his enemies.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On 16 June 1815, he encountered Marshal Blücher's troops.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He won the battle but failed to destroy the entire army.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

His last defeat he experienced against Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, and Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher at the Battle of Waterloo in present-day Belgium on 18 June 1815.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon could have defeated the British, even if the Imperial Guard was forced to retreat after it lost a really large number of men.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Only the coming of Prussia prevented Napoleon from winning the battle.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's defeat also contributed to the fact that Marshal Michel Ney's failed cavalry attack had deprived France of his cavalry.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's army numbered about 80,000 men, the British forces comprised approximately 70,000 soldiers, and the Prussians numbered 50,000.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[22] Napoleon signed the formal surrender treaty on the deck of HMS Bellerophon outside Rochefort Harbour on 15 July 1815.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Deportation to Saint Helena and death by Napoleon's captors took him into exile to the island of Saint Helena, 2800 miles off the coast of the Gulf of Guinea since 15 September 1815, where he was guarded by 2000 men and two warships circling the island around the clock.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

On the island, he was a mere prisoner, unlike Elba, where he had been emperor.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

There he wrote his memoirs and testaments criticizing his captors.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon died on 5 May 1821.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The diaries of Napoleon's chambermaid Louis Marchand were published in 1955.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

From them, it was concluded that Napoleon would have been poisoned with arsenic.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In 2001, a sample taken from Napoleon's hair measured 73 times higher than normal levels of arsenic.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, arsenic was commonly used in wallpaper, paints and even medicines at the time before antibiotics were invented.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In light of contemporary research, Napoleon did not perish, at least from arsenic poisoning.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[23] He probably died of stomach cancer, as noted by scientists at the Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The matter was reported to the media on 12 February 2008 in Finland.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Investigators said there were no signs of elevated arsenic levels.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[23] Research now implicitly supports the hypothesis that the Emperor died of stomach cancer because of his poor diet.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon ate a lot of foods preserved in salt and few fruits, as well as vegetables, which contributed to the deterioration of his health.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon was initially buried at Saint Helena, but his body was exhumed in 1840 and reburied, as per his wish, in the Invalid Church of Paris on the banks of the Seine.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He is buried in a sarcophagus, inside which are five overlapping coffins made of wood and metal.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Contrary to frequently presented information, the sarcophagus is not porphyry or granite, nor from Finland.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon's influence on world history Napoleon's influence on world history is immense.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

His wars, decisions and fights still affect different parts of Europe, America and Asia.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The collection of laws established by him (Code Civil, also known as Code Napoléon) is an important part of the legislation of many countries, up to and including Japan.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[24] He reorganized the French school system, developed several disciplines, built Europe's first telegraph system, [24] was the first to introduce mass vaccination against smallpox, [24] built several towns and hospitals, and founded the Bank of France.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[24] In his conquest of Egypt, he at the same time created modern Egyptology, in addition to which the Rosetta stone was also discovered and the Suez Canal was planned.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[24] His conquests in Italy sparked a sense of nationality, leading to the later unification of the states located in the region.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[24] Due to Napoleon, Sweden became involved in wars, leading to the dissolution of the state and, among other things, the annexation of Finnish territory by Russia.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

At the same time, King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden was ejected from power and today the Bernadotte family, which dominates Sweden, came to power.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

In addition to this, Napoleon's conquest of Spain led to the independence of several South American states.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[24] In addition to all this, he also sold to the United States French Louisiana, realizing that defence of that land would be impossible, thus doubling the then acreage of the United States and allowing the United States to develop into a viable factor in world politics.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[24] Marriages Napoleon was married twice.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

First with Joséphine de Beauharnais, whom she later crowned empress.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Before her marriage, Joséphine had been a popular socialite woman, and Napoleon was not her only loved one.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[25] Josephine's decision to marry then-General Napoleon was not due to love, [25] but due to careful consideration.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Joséphine was no longer quite young and had to think about her future.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

She therefore married Napoleon, hoping he could take care of her family.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon also benefited from the union, as by marrying a popular socialite he was at once able to reach the high society and closer to the directive government.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[25] However, no necessary heir to the throne emerged from the union of Napoleon and Joséphine, and therefore it ultimately ended in divorce.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon had already made several plans to divorce his wife due to her ousters among other things, [25] but had nevertheless remained in the union.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Joséphine knew how to lead Napoleon in a way favourable to himself.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

However, the kingdom longed for an heir to the throne and eventually Napoleon decided to divorce his wife.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

His second wife was Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria, who became the second Empress.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Marie-Louise bore one child: Napoléon Francis Joseph Charles Bonaparte (1812—1833), who received the title of King of Rome.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon also had illegitimate children: Charlemagne, Count of Léon (1806—1881), Catherine Eléonore with Denuelle de la Plaigne (1787—1868), and Alexandre Joseph Colonna, later Count of Walewski (1810—1868), with Mary, Countess of Walewski.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Émilie Louise Marie Françoise Joséphine Pellapra (mother Françoise-Marie LeRoy), Karl Eugin von Mühlfeld (mother Victoria Kraus) and Hélène Napoleone Bonaparte (mother Countess of Montholon) have also been claimed to be Napoleon's illegitimate children.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon lost his litter not to either of his wives, but to a street girl in Paris.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[26] This happened when Napoleon was 18 years old, i.e., in 1787.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon himself writes about the incident in one of his many short stories thus: It did not remain a mere conversation, however.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[26] Napoleon took the girl to his hotel room, where she was staying at that time.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

This is when Napoleon first slept with a woman.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[26] He soon became a streetmate [26] and returned to the case several times in his life.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Mental Health Before becoming emperor, Napoleon signed all his papers under the name Bonaparte.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

After becoming emperor, his signatures were usually either Nap.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

or Np.. [27] This was probably because the name Napoleon had been on Napoleon's brother, who had died young before Napoleon was born.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

The death of a child targets parental love especially for the next child, which was good for this but bad for the third child.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[27] Napoleon was just the third child in his family and the second to survive to adulthood.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Another issue related to Napoleon's mental health was his maternal relationship.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Napoleon admired his mother throughout his lifetime, and did not seek to diminish the importance of this in his life.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Even at her coronation, she painted a huge picture of her mother, even though she didn't even attend the occasion.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[28] Although, according to Sigmund Freud, Napoleon's mother's infidelity when her son was young led Napoleon at his later age to view each woman with suspicion and believe that they would come somewhere in between to betray her.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[29] Napoleon also incubated at least literary suicidal thoughts, [30] as one of his short stories written while serving as an artillery officer reveals: Other Napoleon suffered from ailurophobia i.e. was afraid of cats.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[31] Napoleon's length Napoleon's opponents used Napoleon as an example of a man who suffered from his short height and compensated for this with megalomaniacal plans for world conquest.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[32] [33] At his death, Napoleon was 5 feet and 2 inches, or 157 cm.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

He was thus a Frenchman of medium height but short for an officer.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Some historians have begged the feet to be from the French system of measurements abolished in 1793, giving a length of 168 cm, but Napoleon had sought to root it out of the way of the metric system.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

Partly for brevity, he ended up in the artillery.


Question: Was William Pitt a successful British prime minister?

Napoleon I

[34] Marshal Napoleon had several famous marshals: Jean Lannes Michel Ney Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, later King of Sweden Charles XIV John Joachim Murat Jean-de-Dieu Soult Guillaume Marie Anne Brune Emmanuel de Grouchy Louis-Nicolas Davout Jacques MacDonald Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon Pierre Augereau Louis Alexandre Berthier Jean-Baptiste Bessières Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr Jean-Baptiste Jourdan François Christophe Kellermann François Joseph Lefebvre Auguste de Marmont André Masséna Bon Adrien Jeannot de Moncey Adolphe Édouard Casimir Joseph Mortier Nicolas Oudinot Józef Antoni Poniatowski Jean Mathieu Philibert Sérurier Louis Gabriel Suchet Claude Victor-Perrin Jean Rapp Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lindqvist, Herman| title = Napoleon| others = Translated by Kinnunen, Matti| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2005| id = ISBN 951-0-30810-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Svanström, Ragnar| title = History of Peoples, part 18| publisher = WSOY| year = 1983| id = ISIS| BN 951-0-09746-2}} References Elsewhere Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) * Category:Born in 1769 Category:Dead in 1821 Category:Key articles of screening


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ireland (,) is a state comprising the island of Ireland and I represent the smaller islands, but not the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, Northern Ireland, part of Britain.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The total area of the state is 70273km2 and its population is good 4.6 million.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

It has been the European Union (aik.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

EEC) member since 1973.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The capital of Ireland is Dublin on the east coast.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The climate of the island nation is marine.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

More than half of its area is pasture land and less than ten percent forest.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Britain ruled it for nearly 800 years until the country achieved free-state status in 1921 and gained independence in 1949.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

As recently as the early 1990s, Ireland was one of the poorest countries in the EU, but by the turn of the millennium there was strong economic growth.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In this case, Ireland was referred to as the Celtic Tiger.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

By late 2010, Ireland's banks were in trouble and the country needed EU help.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The official languages of Ireland are English and Irish and the currency unit is the euro.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The previous currency of Ireland was the Irish pound (1938—2002).


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In 2017, Ireland's gross domestic product per capita was US$80641.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

This is the 4th highest in the world and is about on par with Norway.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[1] In recent years, Ireland's gross domestic product has grown rapidly, as large international companies have moved their headquarters there to save on business tax.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[2] Ireland's corporate tax is 12.5%.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[3] In 2015, it was the lowest in the OECD countries [4].


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The geography of the Irish state has a total area of 70273km2.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] The settlement is concentrated on the eastern and southern coasts of the country, the western part is a very sparsely populated area.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[6] Surface forms The island is lowland, but a low central mountain runs through it.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

There are lakes between the hills, and the uppermost moors often end in beach cliffs.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The south coast is characterised by broad-mouthed, funnel-like bays, the east coast is broad and rather uncovered, while the west coast is broken with its numerous islands and bays.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Surface forms are characterised by ridges and drumlins made by ice ages.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[7] Ireland's highest point is Carrauntoohil, 1038 metres high, and two other peaks over one kilometre in the Macgillycuddy Reeks mountain range.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Other high peaks in Ireland include Mount Brandon, 952 metres high, and the 925-metre Lugnaquilla.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[8] [9] Nature and Nature Conservation In 2000, 55% of Ireland's land area was pasture, 7.2% arable, 2% grassland, 8.4% forest and 15.8% wetlands.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[10] A number of rare species of animals and plants live in wetlands and water areas.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ireland is also rich in rare species of moss, algae and lichen, as well as water beetles and land molluscs.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[11] There are 28 species of land mammals, over 400 species of birds, 4000 species of plants and 12000 species of insects living in Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[12] Of the mammals, the wolf is regionally extinct, the black rat is endangered, and three are eye-catching: the forest bat, the otter, and the squirrel.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[13] Specific Irish subspecies have evolved from the fly, the woodland hare and the marsh.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[13] [14] No species of snakes live in Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Legend has it that St Patrick expelled the snakes from the island in the 4th century, but in fact it is the glaciers of the Ice Age and the cold of the Irish Sea, which separates Ireland from the closest snake species to Great Britain.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[15] Eagles had gone extinct, but both land and sea eagle populations have been revived by plantations, and in 2007 the first land eagle chick was hatched in Donegal in 100 years.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The eagles are threatened by poison baits used by farmers and intended to control foxes and crows.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[16] There are six national parks in the country: Ballycroy, Burren, Connemara, Glenveagh, Killarney and the Wicklow Mountains National Park.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[17] Climate Ireland's climate is marine.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The east and south are the driest, and the east and inland have slightly warmer summers and colder winters than elsewhere.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Sometimes snow can be obtained there, but snow cover does not stay on the ground for long, even on the hills.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Dublin in the east of the country has the average highest temperature of the warmest moon, July, 18.9 degrees Celsius, with an average lowest of 2.5 degrees for the coldest January and February.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

There is rain on 9 to 13 days in each month, with a total of 50—76mm per month.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[18] In Galway on the west coast, temperature conditions are almost similar, but there are 15 to 24 days of rain each month, with months of rainfall between 52 and 132mm.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The most rain falls in autumn and winter.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[19] In Belmullet, in the northwest corner of the island, the warmest moon, the average highest temperature in August is 17.2 degrees, the average lowest of 3 degrees for the coldest January and February.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

There is rain on 12 to 20 days each month, with more than 120mm per month in winter.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[20] History Early stages The first inhabitants arrived in Ireland 6000 years BCE.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

About 4000 years later, tribes came from southern Europe, building large Neolithic stone monuments and elaborate gold ornaments.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Bronze age people who arrived in the next thousand years made elaborate gold and bronze objects and weapons.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[21] Celtic tribes arrived in Ireland between the years 600—150 BCE.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

period.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

According to tradition, St. Patrick arrived in 432 shares.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

and converted the Irish to Christianity.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[21] Vikings began to invade the area in the 8th century.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The end of the growing influence of the Vikings has often been regarded as the end of the Battle of Clontarf in 1014, where Brian Boru, the High King of Ireland, was also killed.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[22] British rule over the Kingdom of England conquered Ireland in the 12th century.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The first conquerors were Normans.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Henry II appointed his son Juhana, later John the Landless, as Lord of Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The power of the English was lacklustre, and clashes with local flamboyans ordinary.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Henry VIII, Elizabeth I and James I attempted to instill Protestant faith and English spirituality in the Irish by encouraging immigration and confiscating Catholics' lands for Protestants.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

This is where the confrontation in Northern Ireland started.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[23] Under Elizabeth I in the 1590s, the first revolt broke out when the Irish, led by Hugh O'Neill, fought for nine years for their independence.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Fifty years later, the Kilkenny Confederacy led by Catholic superiors controlled two-thirds of the island at best.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

They demanded full autonomy, rights for Catholics, and an end to Englishing.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The rebellion ended in the English Civil War, in which the Irish sided with Charles I against Oliver Cromwell.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In 1649, Cromwell bloodily defeated the Irish.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[24] After the revolt, a period of repression began.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In 1641 Catholics had owned 60% of the land, by 1776 the proportion was reduced to 5%.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In the late 18th century, Protestant idealists rose up on the barricades inspired by the American War of Independence.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The action was defeated in 1798.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The British attempted to curb dreams of independence with the Union Act of 1801, [25] which defined the place of personal union as a new state called the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[26] Between 1845 and 1852, Ireland was hit by a severe famine, during which the population dropped from eight to five million and the western parts of the country were almost completely depleted.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Of the three million residents lost by Ireland, more than a million perished, the rest moved abroad.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[27] Towards the end of the century there was a nationalist spirit.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The domestic political situation in Ireland escalated into the Easter Rebellion of 1916.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[28] Independence period The Revolutionary War broke out in 1919.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In 1921, Ireland and Britain agreed to an armistice and the country's becoming a free state.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Full independence Ireland achieved by the British enactment of Westminster in 1931.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ireland declared itself a republic in 1948 and separated itself from the British Crown and the British Commonwealth in 1949, joining the European Economic Community in 1973.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] Until the early 1990s, Ireland was one of the poorest countries in the EU.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Liberal economic policies, including low corporate tax and low wages, and EU support for education and infrastructure produced some of the toughest economic growth in the West, and by entering the 21st century Ireland was emerging as one of the wealthiest countries in Europe.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Because of this 1995—2007 economic boom, the country was given the nickname “Celtic Tiger”.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[21] There was a major housing bubble in the country when house prices rose 192% from 1997 to 2005.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[29] At the same time, economic inequality rose to the greatest in the Western world after the United States.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[30] In autumn 2008, as the British bank Northern Rock went under, Ireland provided unlimited collateral on deposits to prevent deposit flight and attract capital that had fled elsewhere.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In doing so, Ireland took on guarantees of around EUR 440 billion.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

As the unlimited warranty period expired in September 2010, the country's banks began losing hundreds of millions of euros a week in short-term funding, despite twice postponing the expiration date of the guarantee program.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

On November 18, 2010, Irish authorities announced the country needed tens of billions of euros in support funding to keep banks and the state afloat.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[31] The administration and politics of the Irish Parliament (Oireachtas) is bicameral.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The upper house of parliament is called Seanad Éireann and the lower house is Dáil Éireann.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In both chambers, the majority party was long the centre-right Fianna Fáil.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

However, after the 2011 election, the majority in Parliament was formed by the centre-right Fine Gael and the centre-left Labour Party.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] The reign of the President of Ireland lasts seven years and can only be re-elected once.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The office of the president is essentially ceremonial.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In certain constitutional positions, he is backed by the Consultative Council of State.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

At the Prime Minister's request, the President may dissolve Parliament


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Michael D. Higgins took over as president on November 11, 2011.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[21] Ireland's head of government is the Prime Minister, or Taoiseach.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The House of Commons elects the chairman of the largest party or coalition as prime minister.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The other ministers are nominated by the Prime Minister and approved by the House of Commons.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[21] Other politics in Irish politics throughout the country's independence have been an important subject of Northern Ireland's status.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Fianna Fáil was formed after the 1922—1923 civil war from those who opposed the partition of the island.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Although opponents of partition lost the civil war, Fianna Fáil was for a long time by far the most popular party in the country and has been in charge of government almost continuously since the 1930s.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The other major party Fine Gael emerged from supporters of splitting.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Other major parties include Labour, the Greens and Sinn Féin.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[21] The Catholic Church has always had great power in Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

However, recent reforms have relaxed or removed a number of restrictions imposed by the church, and in 1972 the special status of the Catholic Church was removed from the constitution.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[32] For example, divorce was only allowed in 1996.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[33] Ireland is the first country in the world where gender neutral marriage has been approved through a referendum.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Gay and lesbian couples are allowed to enter into a civil marriage after a change in the law.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Voting took place on 22 May 2015.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[34] Armed Forces Irish Defence Forces ((IDF),) consists of land forces, navy and air forces.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

There is no universal conscription in Ireland; the military ferment is voluntary for men and women alike.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] Administrative division As of June 2014, Ireland is divided into 31 administrative regions ().


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Of the districts, 26 are counties, three are cities (Cork, Dublin, Galway) and two are urban-counties (Limerick, Waterford).


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The administrative districts are divided into a total of 95 municipalities ().


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[35] In the 2014 reform, the number of local government units decreased from 114 to 31 and the number of regional representatives from 1627 to 949 [36].


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In 2018, County Galway and the City of Galway decided to amalgamate no later than 2021, followed by the 30th [37] administrative areas.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Fingal Dublin City Dún Laoghaire—Rathdown South Dublin Wicklow Wexford Carlow Kildare Meath Louth Monaghan Cavan Longford Westmeath Offaly Laois Kilkenny Waterford Cork City Cork County Kerry Limerick Tipperary Clare Galway County Galway City Mayo Roscommon Sligo Leitrim Donegal History of administration Historically the island of Ireland has had four counties: Ulster, Munster, Connacht and Leinster.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The provincial division dates from the beginning of the Christian period and no longer has an administrative function.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[38] In the map and list below are the counties under the old administrative division in English and Irish.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The number behind the county name refers to the green areas on the map.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The other six counties of Ulster (in the accompanying county map in pink colour) are part of Northern Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ulster (Ulaidh) Cavan/An Cabhán (9) Donegal/Dún na nGall (26) Monaghan/Muineachán (8) Munster (An Mhumhain) Clare/An Clár (20) Cork/Corcaigh (16) Kerry/Ciarraí (17) Limerick/Luimneach (18) Tipperary/Waterford/Port Láirge (15) Connacht (19) Waterford/Port Láirge (15) Connacht) Galway/Gaillimh (21) Leitrim/Liatroim (25) Mayo/Maigh Eo (22) Roscommon/Ros Comáin (23) Sligo/Sligeach (24) Leinster (Laigh's) Carlow/Ceatharlach (4) Dublin/Áth Cliath (1) Kildare/Cill Dara (5) Kilkenny/Kilkennya (5) Cill Chainnigh (14) Laois (13) Longford/An Longphort (10) Louth/Lú (7) Meath/An Mhí (6) Offaly/Uíbh Fhailí (12) Westmeath/An Iarmhí (11) Wexford/Loch Garman (3) Wicklow/Cill Mhantáin (2) Economy Ireland's economy is modern and largely dependent on foreign trade.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ireland joined the euro in 1999 along with the first twelve EU countries.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Between 1995 and 2007, the country's gross domestic product grew by an average of 6% per year, turning to a sharp decline due to the world economic crisis.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

During the economic crisis, the average selling price of Irish homes halved to 2010.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Gross domestic product fell by more than 3% in 2008 and almost 8% in the following year.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In 2010, gross domestic product only weakened by 1 per cent, and the country's economy was expected to return to a tolerable state during 2011.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] In 2017, Ireland's national debt-to-GDP ratio was 73%.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[39] Approximately 5% of the Irish industry structure is agricultural, 49% industrial and 46% services.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The country's major agricultural products include beef, dairy, barley, potato and wheat.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Major industrial products, on the other hand, are various chemicals, medical supplies, computer hardware, food supplies and soft drinks.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In addition, the country is investing in manufacturing pharmaceutical equipment.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ireland's major natural resources include natural gas, peat, copper, lead, zinc, silver, baryte, gypsum, limestone and dolomite.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] Ireland's main export goods include machinery supplies, computers, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, animals and animal goods.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Irish exports target the United States, Britain, Belgium and Germany, while the main importing countries are Britain, the United States, Germany and the Netherlands.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

A 2010 estimate placed the value of Ireland's foreign trade at around US$115.7 billion.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] Transport in Ireland is approximately 700 km of motorway in total (2009).


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The country's traffic, like Britain, is left-hand.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

There are a total of 39 airports in Ireland, the largest being Dublin Airport.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[40] Approximately 60000 passengers pass through the airport daily.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] [40] The road network is comprehensive and in good condition, but public transport is quite expensive, tidal intervals are long and routes do not extend everywhere.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[41] Population See also Catholic Church in Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The population of Ireland is mostly inherited from the Celts, but there has also been an admixture of English, Northerners (mainly Norse and Danes from the Viking period) and Iberians.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In the 21st century, Ireland's population has grown drastically, with large numbers of immigrants coming to the country, mostly from Poland, Latvia and Lithuania.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[42] In 2011, it had 4670976 inhabitants.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] For decades, Irish demographics were dominated by emigration due to inadequate food supply in the 19th century, but the population decline ended in 1961, as although emigration continued, the birth rate was high.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[43] The population predominantly speaks English, but a small minority living mostly in the western parts of Ireland, in the so-called Gaeltacht areas of the province of Connacht, speak the indigenous Irish language.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The number of people who speak Irish is in the order of about five per cent, and the majority of them are bilingual as their second native English.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[42] Irish has been the official language of Ireland alongside English since 1921.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[44] In the 2016 census of Irish people belonging to the Catholic Church, 78.3% of the population.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The Church of Ireland comprised 2.7%.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Orthodox were 1.3 per cent and other Christians 1.6 per cent.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Muslims made up 1.3 per cent, Hindus 0.3 per cent and other religions were in favour of 2.1 per cent.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

There were 9.8 per cent non-religious.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The remaining 2.6 per cent did not say their position.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[45] In 2010, 70% of Irish people said they believed in God; the proportion was the seventh highest in Europe.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[46] The population distribution of different regions is very uneven.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Population and industry are concentrated in the east, which houses the center of the country's politics and economic life.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Approximately 30% of the population lives in the area of the cities of Dublin and Dún Laoghaire.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[47] According to a 2004 World Health Organisation survey, Ireland has the fourth highest consumption of alcohol in the world, with over 14.4 litres per adult converted to pure alcohol.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Only Luxembourg, Uganda and the Czech Republic are consumption even more plentiful.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[48] Ireland is a major intermediate point for the shipment of hash from Africa to Britain and the Netherlands.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In addition, synthetic drugs manufactured in Europe, as well as heroin and cocaine, are transmitted through Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Cocaine use, in particular, is also on the rise in Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] Education in Ireland is compulsory education for all children aged 8—15.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ireland's school system is three-phase: eight years-long primary school (), compulsory for everyone, 5—6 years of secondary education (), and higher education.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[49] Children in Ireland are allowed to go to school no earlier than the age of six, but most 4- or 5-year-olds attend special classes associated with primary schools.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[50] After primary school, the vast majority of young people enter secondary education lasting 5—6 years.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Approximately 60% of those who complete secondary education later go to college, usually either college or college.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[49] There are a total of seven universities in Ireland, the oldest of which is Trinity College, founded in 1592.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The largest of the universities is University College Dublin, founded in 1854, with a total of over 24000 students.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[51] Culture The unformality of Irish culture distinguishes it from British culture, at least in the view of the Irish themselves.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Humour and linguistic wit are appreciated, and breaking the rules is punished with sarcasm or mockery.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[52] Irish food resembles the cuisine of other northern European countries.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Meat, potatoes and cereal products are its basis, vegetables are used as a side dish, especially cabbage, swede, carrots and Brussels sprouts.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Lamb, chicken, beef, ham and turkey are eaten fried or casseroles.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Fish, especially salmon, and shrimp are also used.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

International cuisine has spread to Ireland, but staple domestic dishes and especially drinks such as whisky and Guinness beer have maintained their popularity.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The pub is an essential meeting place, but meals are rarely served there.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[52] The symbols of Ireland include a three-leaf clover worn by the patron saint of Ireland, St. Patrick (iir.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Padraich) is reported to have used as an example when explaining the Holy Trinity, as well as the golden harp which also appears on all Irish euro coins.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The harp was also on Irish pound coins (iir.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Punt) and is still on the coat of arms of Ireland.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[52] Traditional Irish musical instrument music is often originally intended as an accompaniment to dances.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Folk songs feature ornamented mourning songs as well as ballads that can tell about politics, work, alcohol and love alike.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[53] Irish themes have been used in their music include Clannad, The Dubliners, Thin Lizzy, Boyzone, and The Corrs.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Other Irish artists are also successful around the world, among the front-row stars to mention U2, Enya, Jedward, Sinéad O'Connor, Westlife, My Bloody Valentine, Niall Horan of the One Direction band, as well as Boomtown Rats (and singer Bob Geldof).


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The Riverdance dance troupe has made Irish tap dancing known in the world.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[54] Ernest Walton of Trinity College, Dublin, in 1951, along with John Douglas Cockcroft, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for “sharing an atom”.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[55] William Rowan Hamilton was a noted mathematician.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[56] There are also a number of well-known writers in Ireland, most of whom write in English.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Four of them have received the Nobel Prize in Literature: William Butler Yeats 1923, George Bernard Shaw in 1925, Samuel Beckett in 1969 and Seamus Heaney in 1995.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[57] Other well-known Irish writers have included James Joyce (whose memory is celebrated annually on Bloomsday), Jonathan Swift, Oscar Wilde, Patrick Kavanagh, Colm Tóibín, Brendan Behan, Roddy Doyle, and Bram Stoker, the creator of Dracula.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Ireland's public broadcaster is Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTE), which operates two television channels and four national radio channels.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

In addition, there are several commercial television and radio broadcasters in the country.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[5] Ireland is the most successful country in the Eurovision Song Contest to date, having won seven times.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[58] The UNESCO World Heritage List lists two sites from Ireland, the Bend of the Boyne Ancient Monuments and the Skellig Michael Monastery Group.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[59] Sport Ireland's unofficial national sports are the so-called Gaelic sports, the most important of which are Gaelic football, which remotely resembles football, and racket hurling.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[60] [61] In the Olympics, the country has excelled mainly at the Summer Olympics; at the Winter Games, the country has not won any medals.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

At the Summer Olympics, Ireland has been particularly successful in boxing (12 medals), athletics (6 medals) and swimming (4 medals).


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[62] Ireland has a total of 252844 registered football players and 5828 football clubs.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The country's national football league is officially called the League of Ireland Premier Division.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The Ireland national football team has participated three times in the Football World Cup (1990, 1994 and 2002) without winning any medals.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

The country was ranked 23rd in the FIFA rankings in January 2012.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

At its best, the country has been sixth in the ranking list in 1992—93.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

Along with football, rugby and horse racing are also popular.


Question: In what year did Ukraine achieve independence?

Ireland

[63] [64] Sources on the topic Elsewhere Coordinates: * Category:Key Articles in Screening


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

Coordinates: Kiruna [1] Municipality () is a municipality located in Norrbotten County, Sweden.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

Within the provincial division, it belongs to Lapland.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

The central drive of the municipality is Kiruna.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

[2] The municipality has a land area of 19,155.37 square kilometres (1 January 2016) [3] and a population of 23,178 people (as at 31 December 2015).


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

[4] Kiruna has a population density of only 1.2 inhabitants per square kilometre.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

Since 80% of the population lives in the Kiruna agglomeration, the population density in most of the municipality is also lower.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

Within the territory of the municipality, Finnish, Meänki and Sámi have the status of official minority languages.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

The area has long been populated by Finnish ancestry, which is reflected in the region's nomenclature.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

For example, Finnish names are used for Luossajärvi and Kirunavaara on the edge of the city of Kiruna.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

By geography Kiruna is Sweden's northernmost municipality, and in terms of area it is equal to three of the country's southernmost counties of Skoone, Blekinge and Halland combined.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

At one time, Kiruna was on the lists as the largest city in the world, calculated by area.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

This was based on the custom used in Sweden at the time to consider whole municipalities as cities.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

This method is still in use in Finland and, as of 2006, Rovaniemi has been called the largest city in Europe.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

In Kiruna is located Sweden's highest fell Kebnekaise, the height it has about 2110 meters above sea level.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

There are more than 6000 lakes in the municipality, the largest being Lake Tornio.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

Seven rivers flow through the municipality, with names like Kainuunjoki, Torniojoki, Lainiojoki, Rautasjoki and Vittankijoki, as well as Könkämäeno and Muonionjoki, which run along the border with Finland.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

Vadvetjåkka National Park is located in the municipality.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

In 2007, the municipality comprised 1.75 km² of arable land, [5] so that comparing with the land area at the same time [6] yields 0.009% of the land area of the municipality.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

Development of the division of municipalities The keeper of Kaaresuvanno was formed in 1602 by separating it from the keeper of Ylitornio.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

As a name it had the Lappalais parish of Tornio, Tenotekli parish or Enontekiö parish.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

The keeper also extended to the territory of present-day Finland.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

A keeper named Simojärvi was separated from the keeper of Kaaresuvoanno in 1606, which in 1673 was named Jukkasjärvi.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

In 1673, the Koutokeino in Ruija on the side of what is now Norway and Utsjoki in Finland were separated.


Question: What is Sweden's southernmost city?

Kiruna Municipality

When Finland passed from Sweden to Russia in the Peace of Hamina in 1809, the keeper came to belong to the territory of the two states.