Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Often it digs a nest cavity in the heathland, where the soil is easily excavated and permeates water well.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Excavated nests are often on the slope.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The immediate immediate area of the cavity may be relatively spacious, but visibility should not be very far away.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The wolf can also make its nest on the ground in peaty soils or in the shelter of spruce branches, which is typical in Finland.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The wolf usually establishes its nest no more than a hundred meters away from the water site.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Sometimes, due to its proximity to water, it nests only a hundred meters from a high-traffic road.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

If the nest is disturbed, the wolf mother will move the chicks to another nest.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[41] Puppies are completely dependent on their mother at birth.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

On average, there are four to six puppies in litters.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The herd takes care of the puppies together.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Puppies are blind and helpless at birth like puppies.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

They weigh 300—500 grams at birth.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The eyes of the puppies open at 10—14 days of age.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The mother breastfeeds them for 8—10 weeks and accustoms them to meat food starting at three weeks.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[4] When pups no longer need nest shelter, which occurs between 4 and 10 weeks of age depending on the region and individual, the wolf family may move from nest to rendezvous.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The meeting place of the wolf family consists of a stomped area as a result of movement, and there may not be any kind of nest.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The first meeting place is typically located about a kilometer from the nest, the later ones further away.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The place is sheltered by vegetation and close to water.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

At the rendezvous point, cubs spend their time with adult wolves on their predatory expeditions, and that's where the adults return to rest.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The meeting place is left when the pups are four to five months old and can pass along with the adults on nightly predatory trips.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[42] Wolves, like other canine animals, exhibit fake pregnancy.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In fake pregnancy, a female who is not pregnant becomes the hallmarks of pregnancy and the female is also able to breastfeed the chicks of another mother.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

This is an important means of survival in the wolf pack.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

If the actual mother is prevented from caring for the chicks, other females may take care of them.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Other wolves living in the pack help feed and care for the cubs.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The hordes bring food for the puppies and also the mother.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[43] Communication Susie's vocal communication is diverse.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Wolves' most famous form of communication is howling, but they also growl, whine and bark.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[44] Wolves often howl to summon other members of the herd to attend, indicate the location of the herd to other wolf packs, or to fortify their own turf.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Wolves howl more often when they have something to protect, for example freshly caught prey, and less often to avoid quarrels with other wolf packs.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Contrary to what is often imagined, wolves do not howl more than usual at full moon, although they often howl at dusk and night because of hunting.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[44] Wolves use howling and odor marking (urine) to indicate the boundaries of their own turf.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Wolf packs are avoiding the other packs because of the clashes.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[4] Wolves, like other canine animals, use very rich body language.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

They express submissiveness to another member of the pack by pressing their necks down and even lying on the back.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The tail is also used to communicate social status: Pack leaders often hold their tails up, inferior wolves hold their tails low, submission when pointing even between their legs.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[45] [44] Wolves avoid looking their superior values in the eye.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Staring into the eyes is perceived as a threatening gesture.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[46] Threats and ailments Due to man, the wolf's distribution has been severely reduced and the wolf is no longer found mainly in sparsely populated mountain and wilderness countryside.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

As a result of persecution, wolf populations have shrunk, leading to the risk of their disappearance as well as inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The wolf also has a problem with interbreeding with a domesticated dog, although this is low in natural conditions.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[47] In the wolf, diseases are caused by rabies, distemper disease, canine parvovirus, papilloma and hepatitis viruses, and fungal blastomycosis.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Wolf parasites include echinococci, flatworms, scabies mite, demodicum mite, fleas, ticks and other ticks, lice, and gullies.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[48] Wolf and Human Conservation Due to its wide range and established population, the wolf is internationally classified as a vibrant species, but several regional populations are endangered.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[6] CITES lists the wolf in Appendix II, except for the wolf stocks of Nepal, India and Pakistan in Appendix I.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[4] In Finland, the wolf is classified as critically endangered and has been tranquilized since 1973.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[49] Wolf populations, thanks in part to conservation, have grown strongly in Europe since the late 20th century, and wolves have spread to new countries.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Some, due to increased predator damage, have proposed ending wolf protection.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[50] Hunting Legislation concerning hunting wolves has varied densely in Finland, especially outside the reindeer herding area.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Starting in 1999, waivers to dump a wolf could be granted when conditions were met, i.e. to prevent damage, with an easing period from April to September or October.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

As of 2006, the granting of stock management licences also became possible for game management districts.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Permits were issued for the admission of certain individuals, not just on the basis of damages.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The practice was abandoned two years later after Wolves were reduced.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In 2011, the issuance of fishing permits passed to the new Finnish Game Centre.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[51] In 2015, Finland was granted wolf hunting licences again due to strain management.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[52] In Canada and Russia, the wolf is hunted as a fur animal and because of stock regulation.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[4] In 2005, a decision was made to kill five of the country's 20 wolves in Norway.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[53] Hunting Methods The wolf has been hunted in a variety of ways.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Early hunting weapons included spears, bows and arrows, as well as a handbow and crossbow.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

At least Sweden and Estonia used a wolf net that I drove the wolf into.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The wolf garden, or hukanhuone, was also a trap made of pine bracts used in Finland, into which the wolf came after the bait and did not get out of it.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The wolf tomb, or pitfall, was a couple of feet deep, camouflaged and bordered with sharp marches, into which the wolf fell in pursuit of bait.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In Inari, the wolf was also caught with a lever that went off and pulled the wolf from its neck into a rope trap to hang.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The trap was a common hunting tool: in it, a heavy log fell on top of a wolf touching the gear.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

As iron began to be available, catching irons began to be made, into which a wolf passing its route with its foot stepped.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Poison catching has been in use for centuries.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The poison, usually strychnine, was put in a scavenger or capsules that were applied to be found by beasts.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

On a manhunt, the wolf was hunted with hangs like those that carried a skier but not a wolf.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Aeroplane wolves have begun to be hunted in North America and the Soviet Union in the 20th century.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In Finland, aircraft sales have taken place in 1939, 1949 and 1962, but the catch was always scarce.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Wolves have also been reduced by killing their chicks for the nest.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Today, wolf hunting is largely based on the use of a flag line.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The ribbons flaring in the wind frighten the wolf driven into the mot, and they are happy not to pass through the fishing line, but go towards the hunters waiting in the passport.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In the reindeer herding area, a snowmobile is used in search of wolf tracks.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[54] Poaching Finland's wolf population decreased by 40% between 2006 and 2014 apparently due to poaching.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[55] The number of wolves has increased in Kainulu, among other things.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Ninety percent of the mortality rate in wolves over six months of age is man-made.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

More wolves have been lost than hunting permits have been issued to take them down.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In Kuhmo, for example, almost double the number of wolves lost on permits last year.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The focus of the wolves' habitat has shifted from the eastern parts of Kainuu to the west.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[56] [57] Wolves and domestic animals Wolves cause harm to humans mainly by preying on domestic and livestock animals.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Sheep in particular, but also calves, may be at risk.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Wolf fences, a kind of electric shepherd fences, have been developed to protect sheep, with several overlapping threads keeping wolves at bay.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[58] Occasionally, large-sized guard dogs [59] of twenty breeds, such as the Caucasian shepherd and the Pyrenean dog, are also used to help protect livestock.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[60] In Finland, wolves are perhaps most harmful to reindeer owners, but sometimes dogs kept in hunting situations and outdoors also fall prey to wolves.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Hunting dogs moving along with hunters in the forest or experiments may also be at risk, as the wolf kills a weaker competitor on its turf and, on the other hand, the dog is an easy food target for the wolf.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[59] A so-called waste vest has been developed to protect dogs against wolves, which would give a strong electric shock to a beast seeking to attack a dog.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[61] The dangerousness of wolves to humans The wolf normally shun man and very rarely attacks man.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

According to a report commissioned by the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment (2002), a total of 17 people have been demonstrably killed by a wolf between 1950 and 2000 in Europe and Russia and none in North America.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The majority of cases have been caused by rabies, or rabies: as rabies have decreased, there has also been a marked decrease in wolf attacks.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[62] Wolf fear is an old cancel in Finland.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In 1652, Lauri Kapainen, from the keeper of Iisalmi, was sentenced by the Turku Court of Appeal to be executed and burned for witching wolves.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

According to the verdict, Kapainen had confessed to “bewitching” the wolves who, the previous winter, mauled and ate 18 children in Jääske's keeper.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

There are six similar serial killings of children in the lists of buried in Finnish church books.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

These dated back to the 18th century the nursery killings of Ristiina and Ilomantsi.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The largest number of deaths of wolves is known from the 19th century, when child killings in Kaukola, Kivennava, Häme and Varsinais-Finland were recorded.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The greatest number of killings by wolves occurred in Karelia.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

On Stone Nava, wolves killed more people than any keeper in Finland.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[63] The last Finnish wolf victim mentioned in the 19th century was the five-year-old Kalle Oskari from Grönroos Vahto, who died on 7 November 1881.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[64] In 1932, some newspapers reported that a six-year-old girl had fallen victim to a wolf in Puumala, [65] [66] but the news was found to be untrue.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[67] The total number of kills committed by wolves can be estimated based on church book entries.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

A total of 175 cases are listed from 1710 to 1881, including 98 under 18 years of age, 75 adults, and two unknown ages [68].


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

However, another source gives the total number of persons calculated for the same years as 193 persons [69].


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In addition, some cases not entered in church books are known on the basis of judicial documents.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[70] In many of the recorded cases, a rabbie is known or suspected of a human being attacked by a wolf.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[71] Attitudes towards Wolves are very contradictory, on the one hand, strident opposition, on the other, ardent defence on the other.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

According to studies, the wolf is viewed most negatively of large beasts in Finland.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

According to a 1997 study, Finns were clearly more negative about wolves in sparsely populated areas than in cities.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

According to the study, one key feature of people's predator attitudes was that Finland must have vibrant predatory stocks, but not in its own neighbourhood.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

On the other hand, according to a 2000 study, in those areas where the wolf population predominantly lives, there was no more negative attitude than in areas where wolves are only occasionally encountered.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[72] [73] According to Ilpo Kojola, a researcher interviewed by the journal Hunting and Fisheries, the best remedy for keeping the devastation wrought by wolves in check is to curb the spread of rabies and prevent the domestication of wolves by suitable hunting, i.e. human fear should remain in the wolf population.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In Vancouver, Canada, for example, hikers made a pack of wolves tame by feeding, and wolves started attacking humans if the treats didn't drop.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[74] Difference of vision between opponents and defenders of wolves is one of the most difficult obstacles to raising and planning for the future of the wolf population, because at the same time the position of a person in a perceived, familiar habitat is inevitably affected.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The immediate consequence is a likely increase in poaching and damage to wolves on the other.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Several solutions have been made to the problems, such as building wolf fences to reduce damage and spreading the wolf population to Western Finland to ease the situation along the eastern border.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

One way or another, conflicts arise between different parties.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[75] Wolf in culture Because the wolf is a large-sized predator that has been spread over large areas, it is told in the mythology and fairy tales of many peoples.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In Japan, farmers worshipped the wolf because it protected the grain crop from deer and wild boar.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[76] In the tales of Aesopos, the wolf was the enemy of sheep herders.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

In Christian parables, too, wolves have played a bad role.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

A famous story tells that Francis of Assisi addressed the wolf who possessed the city of Gubbio, who left the city alone as a result.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[77] In ancient Rome, the wolf enjoyed veneration as the foster mother of the city's founders Romulus and Remus.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Among other things, there were several wolf statues in Rome and an annual feast of Lupercalia dedicated to the wolf-like god Faunus was celebrated in the city.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[78] The wolf also served as a symbol of the state of Rome and remains the hallmark animal of the city of Rome.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[79] Ancient Rome avoided harming wolves because of the animal's special religious status.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Wolves, for example, were not seen at hunting displays in amphitheaters, unlike other large predators.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[80] The wolf also takes care of human children in many stories about wild children, such as Kipling's Jungle Books.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[77] The fairy tale of Little Red Riding Hood, told by Charles Perrault, has been a symbol of the evil of the wolf in Europe.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

However, research into the history of literature has revealed the older roots and different versions of the fairy tale from around the world.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

The main lesson of the original fairy tale was that children should not trust foreign people.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[81] [82] The werewolf is a fabled monster who is an ordinary person by day, but turns into a wolf at night.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

[83] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Laaksonen, Mervi| title = Wolf| location = Helsinki| publisher = Maahenki Oy| year = 2013| id = ISBN 978-952-5870-79-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lappalainen, Antti| title = Wolf Trace | publisher = Metsäkustannus Oy| year = 2005| isbn = 952-5118-79-7}} Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kauhala, Kaarina| title = Wild Relatives of Dog | location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-0-23728-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lappalainen, Antti| title = Wolf Traces | location = Helsinki| publisher = Forest Cost| year = 2005| id = ISBN 952-5118-79-7}} Branderburger, Jim: Our Brother Wolf Citation Citation with error, replace with error, replace {{cite book| author = Jansson, Eeva| title = Past and present genetic diversity and structure of the Finnish wolf population| publisher = University of Oulu | year = 2013| version = Acta Universitatis Ouluensis.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Series A, Scientiae rerum naturalium 608.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Dissertation | id=ISBN 978-952-62-0116-0Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Referenced as of May 26, 2013.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

On topic elsewhere (anonymous private site) Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Where does the ocelot live?

Wolf

Category:59.2 Mammals Category:Canine animals Category:Swedish Provincial Animals Category:Key articles of screening


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Neo-charismaticism unbound to confessional municipalities

Neo-charismaticism, or more briefly, neo-charismaticism is a spiritual movement formed in the wake of Pentecostal-charismatic Christianity.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

It describes congregations whose members have separated from more traditional denominations, but have not necessarily wanted to join Pentecostal congregations.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[1] Movement activity is characterised by networkiness and variability.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

It emphasizes conscious religious conversion, the understanding of experiencing the supernatural as belonging to everyday life, and emotionally charged worship services.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Different tendencies of neo-charismaticism emphasize different doctrinal and ritual dimensions, such as healing and miracles, abundance and success, evangelism, worship and praise, and the apostolic congregational model.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Congregation activities are often aimed at individual engagement and community, but also the work of itinerant evangelists who seek to mobilize large audiences without their own organised congregational activities.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Media work is also a major conduit in the activities of the neo-charismatic movement.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[2] History The term Neo-Charismaticism is also referred to as the third wave of the Holy Spirit.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The first wave meant Pentecostalism born in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century, and the second wave, in turn, the charismatic movement of mostly denominations developed in the 1960s.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[1] Often such congregations were led by people who had acquired little formal education.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The 1970s saw the formation of the Shepherding Movement, also known as the Discipleship Movement, which began in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Every member of the Shepherding movement was subjected to herding by a senior church member.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The herding movement spread around the world, evoking mixed feelings among the early charismatic movement and it served as one of the forces that divided the movement in the 1970s.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

After the split, the neo-charismatic movement grew even faster than the charismatic movement.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Beginning in the 1970s, many independent congregations were established around the world, including the Vineyard Christian Fellowship, which includes over 500 congregations.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

This movement received widespread publicity in the early 1990s due to the so-called “Toronto Blessing” movement.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Some neo-charismatics consider the Toronto revival to be the fourth and final wave of the Holy Spirit before the beginning of the rest of time.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[3] The Theology of Success (the Word of Faith movement), founded by Kenneth E. Hagin, has contributed to neo-charismaticism.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Success theology is characterised by the idea of healing revival that illness is not in accordance with God's will.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Success theology considers that as a result of rebirth, a person also becomes entitled to physical health and abundance in life.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[4] The Chinese home congregation movement and the independent congregations to be established in Africa are also counted as belonging to Neo-Charismaticism and the world was calculated to have around 295 million Neo-Charismatic Christians in 2000, which also grew the fastest of the Pentecostal Charismatic groups in general.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[1] In 2012, it was estimated that Pentecostal-charismatic congregations and churches comprise about 580 million people.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

It is the largest Christian grouping after the Catholic Church.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[5] Neo-charismaticism in Finland After Niilo Yli-Vainio's career, Finland also had an atmosphere of waiting for the end times and revival, and in the wake of the movement, among others, the Greater Helsinki Parish and the Living Sana Congregation were created in the wake of the movement.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The Vineyard movement also began to extend into the country.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

However, the phenomenon was relatively marginal in the 1980s and 1990s.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In the mid-1990s, the “laughter revival” (Torontoism) that left the Greater Helsinki congregation also spread to other charismatic congregations.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

However, it was not accepted in most of the more traditional congregations, the movement received plenty of media attention and attracted criticism in the Evangelical Lutheran Church and Free Directions.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Reform advocates established new parishes.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

However, some of the Toronto-based laughter revival remained within its old Pentecostal and Free Congregations, such as the Pentecostal Revitalization Parish of Pakila and the Järvenpää Free Congregation Arkki.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[1] [5] Well-known Finnish neo-charismatic congregations are City parishes, the first of which was founded 1995 in Joensuu.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Neo-charismatic congregations also collaborate, organizing conferences and publishing joint print products such as the journal Vivi.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In 2006, neo-charismatics were estimated to include a few thousand people in Finland.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[1] In 2010, it was estimated that the number of adherents selectively participating in neo-charismatic congregations and evangelism and missionary organisations is less than 10,000.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The number of members with more permanent communities was estimated at between 4,000 and 5,000.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[2] Media channels such as TV7, Radio Dei and evangelism and information websites on the Internet.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In rural areas, the activity of the neo-charismatic movement as independent congregations is limited, but itinerant evangelism activities and the Internet reach adherents in the provinces as well.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Neo-charismaticism is primarily an urban movement that appeals to young adults and the so-called Generation X, or those born in the 1960−1980s.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Around one third of the neo-charismatic communities recorded in the Religions in Finland database are located in the Helsinki Helsinki database, which represent a strong sense of community and doctrinal fundamentalist Christianity.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In Finland they are usually communities of 20−50 members, few have more than 100 actual members, although there may be more participants at individual events.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Membership mobility and turnover in neo-charismatic communities is quite lively.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[2] There are also some congregations of African background in Finland that can be characterized as neo-charismatic.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The Redeemed Christian Church denomination was founded by Nigerian Pa Nikandayomi in 1952 in Lagos.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Helsinki Hosanna Chapel was founded in 2001 and belongs to the RCC.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The parish has activities in Helsinki, Turku and Tampere.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

There are about 10 members in total.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[5] The most significant joint event of the neo-charismatic congregations is the VÄVI Conference held since 1997.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[5] In May 2014, there were 107 congregations or other communities counted as non-affiliated religious communities in Finland according to the Religions in Finland project, there were 107 congregations or other communities counted as non-adherent religious communities in Finland, provided that for example, City parishes are counted separately.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[6] Such congregations, associations, and communities include: Beliefs and Doctrinal Traits Neo-charismatic Christians base their faith on the Bible in the manner of other Pentecostal-Charismatic movements.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The Bible is considered the word of God and the supreme authority on doctrine and faith life.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Also a unifying factor is the emphasis on the activities of the Holy Spirit.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The concept of Neo-Charismatic Christians includes groups that think very many.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Gifts of grace are important, but they are not emphasized as they are among Pentecostals.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

A more important concept than gifts of grace is anointing, which is considered to be twofold; on the one hand it is a one-time baptism of the Holy Spirit, on the other hand, continuous living in the Holy Spirit.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In neo-charismaticism, anointing is also the special courage, skill and wisdom given by the Holy Spirit to perform some task.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

For example, a believer may be considered to have the anointing of preaching, teaching, reprimanding, or persuading.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Every believer is anointed to salvation, but few have been anointed to the posts of the five-pronged ministry (apostle, prophet, evangelist, pastor, and teacher) mentioned in Ephesians 4:11.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[11] The closeness and expectation of end-times is a key feature, as in all Pentecostal-charismatic Christianity.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Learning about the millennial kingdom and ramping believers into heaven are popular.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Central to the expectation of final times is the doctrine gleaned from the old charismaticism of the United States from the last great revival of end-time.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[12] The concept of spiritual warfare is central to the expectation of end-time in neo-charismaticism.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

According to neo-charismatics, the devil resists the revival of the endtimes by all means and mobilizes all forces of evil for this purpose.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Only well-informed people are knowledgeable about the matter.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The mission of Christians is to resist the powers of evil in constant prayer, as well as in the purity of their own wanderings, which means not only a life suitable for the believer, but also purity of thoughts.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[13] Popular in neo-charismatic circles is the cell congregation model, also known as the G-12 model (Government of 12).


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The intention is to grow the local congregation through the growth of home groups.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The point is that each member of the cell becomes the leader of a new cell and with the emergence of new cells it will be possible to establish new congregations.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The G-12 model implements the Pentecostal-charismatic ideal of general priesthood, it conceives that every parishioner has the call and grace to serve as a leader and perform the basic functions of the congregation.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The biblical basis is the idea of Jesus' 12 disciples as the initial cell of Christianity.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[14] Ethics and way of life in the Neo-charismatic faith is the living of a spirit that permeates spiritual and also everyday life.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

It is not possible to wander according to both the spiritual, and the earthly world.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Faith is lived true at the level of both thoughts and actions, which means e.g.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

intoxicated and good-moral life.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Neo-charismatic congregations may have an abundance of “saved from the street” people who have experienced great tragedies in their lives and come to faith with them.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The affairs of the kingdom of God are put before earthly things, which manifests itself as missionary and evangelization work, among other things.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The movement often emphasises so-called friendship vanchelization, i.e. evangelization in everyday work and hobbies.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In addition, major evangelism campaigns are pursued at home and abroad.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[15] A form of wandering in spirit is also for a neo-charismatic to leave his studies or work for a year or two to study in some charismatic Bible school.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Also, the regular donation of tithes to the work of the kingdom of God is considered to include wandering in spirit.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Activities and rituals Like the mainstream of the rest of Christendom, neo-charismatic Christians use water baptism and celebrate Communion.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In addition, lubrication of the sick and washing of feet before communion may be practiced.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The sacraments (baptism and communion) are not seen as instruments of grace like the old churches, but as metaphorical sacred deliveries, following the example given by the Bible.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[16] Baptism is normally the baptism of the so-called believers.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Baptism is a prerequisite for public recognition of one's faith.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

In many neo-charismatic communities, with baptism, full membership of the congregation is achieved.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Also, a person who does not want to join the congregation can be baptized.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Communion is considered a communion meal in which Jesus is present.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Regular participation in Communion is considered good for spiritual growth.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

As communions, unleavened bread and often juice instead of wine are used.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Baptism is not normally required to attend Communion.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Typically, the program of a neo-charismatic congregation includes a weekly worship service in addition to small groups.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

It is very free-form, spontaneity and openness to the introduction of the Holy Spirit is perceived as important.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

The central part includes speech, songs of praise and testimony, with the goal being a genuine encounter with God.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Criticism Neo-charismatic communities have been criticized for having an uncritical attitude towards distinct phenomena and there has been talk of extremist charismaticism.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Uncritical charismaticism has been considered to be associated with significant problems, including highlighting the link between strength of faith and healing, demonising disease, and emphasizing the authority of individual preachers or leaders.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[5] Typical topics of criticism from the direction of conservative Christianity include:


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

the neo-charismatic movement's slight emphasis on orthodoxy.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

Unlike, for example, the Pentecostal Revelation, the Charismatic and Neo-Charismatic Movements have not made doctrinal alignments in attitudes towards heresies and soulfulness.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[17] Timo Pokki has expressed concern that if the tradition of the Church is ignored, for example, with regard to office and the sacraments, and one's spiritual experience is raised as the main tool for interpreting the content of faith, there is a risk of being excluded from or at least partial to Christianity alienation.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[18] Some of the criticism relies on the occurrence of phenomena in charismatic events for which the Bible does not give a precise prequel.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

For example, crashes at prayer service have been criticized for the fact that people tend to fall on their backs guided by a copper, even though the Bible only mentions falling on their face directly.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

David Wilkerson has criticised some of the phenomena present in the neo-charismatic movement (Toronto's blessing) in places, such as tremors, falling to the floor, hysterical laughter, staggering and odd vocalisations.


Question: How many cities does the Young Church Association operate in?

[19] [20] [21] Sources on the subject elsewhere


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Quantum superposition is a property derived from the quantum mechanics formalism that a given system can exist in several different states at one time.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Several observations show this feature to also describe structures found in nature.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Because of the existence of a quantum superposition, nature is internally random — when usually random properties are attached to a whole consisting of multiple microsystems, quantum mechanics states that every single single microsystem has random features.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

When measuring superposition states, only one property associated with one of the states belonging to that superposition is obtained as a measurement result.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

According to Neumann's measurement hypothesis, the probability of a measurement result is given by the weight factor of that state over the total state of the entire system.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Formal description Suppose, for simplicity, that a system can be described by a discrete (i.e. numberable) number of eigenstates that form a complete orthonal position on the Hilbert space describing the system.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Denote those spaces by | n {\ displaystyle |n\ rangle}, where n {\ displaystyle n} is an integer.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

These states are matched by some measurable property, the observaable, corresponded by the linear operator O ^ {\ displaystyle {\ hat {O}}}, such that n | O ^ | n = O n.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

{\ displaystyle\ langle n| {\ hat {O}} |n\ rangle =O_ {n}.}


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

In other words, when measuring the observaabel O {\ displaystyle O} while the system is in state | n {\ displaystyle |n\ rangle} we obtain as the expected value of the measurements the result O n {\ displaystyle O_ {n}}.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Suppose the system is prepared at time t = 0 {\ displaystyle t=0} to the (normed) initial state | ψ (t) = | n 0 {\ displaystyle |\ psi (t)\ rangle =|n_ {0}\ rangle } which is not the eigenspace of the Hamiltonian operator H {\ displaystyle H} describing the system.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

In this case, at a later time t > 0 {\ displaystyle t>0} the state of the system goes to superposition from states | n {\ displaystyle |n\ rangle}, to state | ψ (t) = n c n | n.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

{\ displaystyle |\ psi (t)\ rangle =\ sum _ {n} c_ {n} |n\ rangle.}


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Here the complex coefficients c n {\ displaystyle c_ {n}} are obtained as the matrix element of the time development operator corresponding to the Hamiltonian, c n = n | e − i H t/ | n 0, {\ displaystyle c_ {n} =\ langle n|e^ {-IHT/\ hbar} |n_ {0}\ rangle,} where {\ displaystyle\ hbar} is Dirac's constant.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Choosing H {\ displaystyle H} conveniently can basically export the system to an arbitrary superposition from states | n {\ displaystyle |n\ rangle}.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

The only condition for the complex numbers c n {\ displaystyle c_ {n}} is obtained from the preservation of the state norm: ψ (t) | ψ (t) = n | c n | 2 = 1.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

{\ displaystyle\ langle\ psi (t) |\ psi (t)\ rangle =\ sum _ {n} |c_ {n} |^ {2} =1.}


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Measuring from such a space characteristic O {\ displaystyle O}, one randomly obtains one of the values O n {\ displaystyle O_ {n}} for which c n ≠ 0 {\ displaystyle c_ {n}\ neq 0}.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

This value is given by Neumann's measurement hypothesis with probability | c n | 2 {\ displaystyle |c_ {n} |^ {2}} (assuming the measurement is projective).


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Example Light, or electromagnetic field, has a discrete degree of freedom, polarization.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

A particular type of polarization in the field is achieved by polaroid filters, which are present in mm.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

in sunglasses.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Light consists of photons - although in the light we normally see there are a large number of them at different frequencies.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Instead, in laser-produced coherent light, the frequency of all photons is the same.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

In contrast, without separate filtering, the polarization of photons is arbitrary.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

A linearly polarized photon can exist in either a longitudinal or transverse polarization state.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Denote these spaces by | ↕ {\ displaystyle |\ updownarrow\ rangle} and | ↔ {\ displaystyle |\ leftrightarrow\ rangle}.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Similarly, circularly polarized light can be either “right” or “left” polarized, that is, either in state | R {\ displaystyle |R\ rangle} or | L {\ displaystyle |L\ rangle}.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

However, these four states are not perpendicular to each other, but applies to them | R = (| ↕ + i | ↔)/2 {\ displaystyle |R\ rangle =( |\ updownarrow\ rangle +i|\ leftrightarrow\ rangle)/{\ sqrt {2}} | L = (| ↕ − i | ↔)/2 {\ displaystyle |L\ rangle = (|\ updownarrow\ rangle -i|\ leftrightarrow\ rangle)/{\ sqrt {2}}} Now prepare a photon for example to the state | R {\ displaystyle |R\ rangle} send it to a filtering filter of linear polarization.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

This therefore lets through, for example, longitudinally polarised light.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Now the photon can either go through the filter (in which case the state was measured | ↕ {\ displaystyle |\ updownarrow\ rangle} or reflect (in which case the measured state was | ↔ {\ displaystyle |\ leftrightarrow\ rangle}).


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

The probability for a measurement of vertical polarized space is | c ↕ | 2 = (1/(2)) 2 = 1/2 {\ displaystyle |c_ {\ updownarrow} |^ {2} = (1/ {\ sqrt {(}} 2)) ^ {2} =1/2} and similarly the probability for a measure of horizontal polarized space is | c ↔ | 2 = (i/2) 2 = 1/2 {\ displaystyle |c_ {\ leftrightarrow} |^ {2} = (i/ {\ sqrt {2}}) ^ {2} =1/2}.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

Usage Quantum superposition is exploited by e.g.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

in quantum computing, which admittedly also requires interlacing of several states, as well as in quantum encryption.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

History Quantum superposition in particular was a scientific assumption that Albert Einstein found difficult to accept.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

According to him, “God does not roll the dice”.


Question: What does superposition mean?

Quantum superposition

See also Interlacing of states Quantum cryptography bra-ket-notation Class:Quantum mechanics Class:Systems


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Paleontology is a subfield of natural sciences called geosciences that studies life in prehistoric times on Earth.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Specifically, fossils are the research focus on which individual organisms can be reconstructed, evolutive lines of development of the species they represent, and sometimes even entire ecosystems.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Close sciences in paleontology include geology and biology.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

The term comes from the Greek language: παλαιός (palaios) meaning “old, ancient”, ν, ντ- (is, ont-), meaning “creature” and λόγος (logos), meaning “study”.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Definition Paleontology studies the history of life specifically through fossils.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Although it explores life, it is generally classified as a branch of geology.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

You can't properly study ancient life unless you also know the age and structure of the rocks.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

[1] Paleontology can be divided into several subfields.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Paleozoology studies ancient animals, paleobotanics of plants and palynology of ancient spores, pollen and microbes.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

In turn, microscopic fossils are the research topic of micropaleontology.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

[1] Paleontology can also be used to elucidate changes in Earth's climate that occurred during prehistoric times.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

This subfield of paleontology is called paleoclimatology.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

History Fossils have been used, studied and understood in various ways over the course of human history.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Although some ancient Greek and Roman scholars considered them to be animal remains, they were long associated with mythological animals, such as dragons, or supernatural events.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Paleontology as a science began in practice in the 18th century, when scientists began defining and mapping rock formations and classifying fossils.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Georges Cuvier and William Smith, who were influential in the early 19th century, are considered pioneers of paleontology.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

[2] Charles Lyell and Charles Darwin influenced the way the history of the Earth and life was conceived in the 19th century.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Lyell's Principles of Geology showed that fossils found on different continents may have more similarities than fossils found in closely spaced sites.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

According to him, fossils found in the same stratum were similar but there are differences between the strata.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

[2] Darwin, on the other hand, demonstrated in the Genesis of Species how organisms evolved.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

This allowed palentologists to better understand fossils by studying existing animals.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

[3] Age determination of rock layers and fossils revolutionized in the late 19th century when radioactivity was discovered.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

Radiometric age determination allows paleontologists to determine the age of deposits and at the same time the age of fossils found in the stratum.


Question: What does paleontology study?

Paleontology

[3] See also Geologic Time Calculation Sources on the topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles on screening


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

The Recording Industry Association of America (or RIAA) is an organization for the interest of record labels and the recording industry in the United States.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

The organization has a large number of companies, including record labels and distributors, which account for about 90% of the music produced and distributed in the United States.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

The RIAA was founded in 1952.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

Since 2011, the organization's executive director has been Cary Sherman.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

RIAA members include three of the world's largest record labels Universal Music Group, Sony Music Entertainment and Warner Music Group.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

History In its initial phase, the RIAA's main task was to maintain standards related to sound reproduction.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

Of these, the most famous is the so-called. RIAA equalizer.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

RIAA EQ RIAA equalization is a method of equalization used in analog audio discs and turntables.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

[1] It defines the equalizations to be used when recording and playing audio from disk.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

During recording, low sounds are attenuated and during playback, respectively, amplified.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

This allows the amplitude of the groove on the plate to be reduced and the grooves can be engraved into the surface of the plate densely without touching each other.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

The RIAA also continues to be involved in producing many other sound equipment standards.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

Certifications from the RIAA by the Recording Industry Association of America distributes certification based on sales volume for music albums, singles and videos sold in the United States, which can be equated to gold and platinum album sales.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

These include [2]: Gold: When sales have exceeded the limit of 500000 copies Platinum: When sales have exceeded the limit of 1000000 copies Multi-Platinum: When sales have exceeded the limit of 2000000 copies, or whenever there is a full new million in sales volume Diamond: When sales have exceeded 10,000000 paragraph limit Trials RIAA has sued private people for piracy.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

The RIAA has sued for illegally sharing music on a peer-to-peer network by people who do not have a computer or internet connection.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

[3] Jammie Thomas, the first person sued by the RIAA, had distributed 24 songs online and was sentenced to pay $222,000 for it.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

[4] He requested a new trial due to a jury instructing error and was agreed to; the new verdict was $19,20,000.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

[5] He appealed this ruling as “unconstitutional”, and the judge changed the amount to $54,000.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

[6] Subsequently, the RIAA proposed that Thomas pay it $25000, but Jammie refused this agreement.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

[7] At trial to pay the amount of the fines on October 4, 2010, the amount of compensation was set at $1.5 million [8].


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

In July 2011, the court lowered the compensation to $54,000, [9] but the record companies announced they would appeal the decision.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

[10] On September 11, 2012, the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Sentencing District of the United States reversed the $54,000 settlement and reinstated the original $220,000 judgment.


Question: When was the RIAA founded?

See also Motion Picture Association of America Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:U.S.-based organizations


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

The State of Israel [1] or Israel (,) is a state between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River in the Middle East.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israel was established on the territory of Palestine in 1948.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

It is a parliamentary democracy in statesmanship and strongly a “Jewish state" [2], which is enshrined in law as an official ideology.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[3] However, Israel is multinational in population and diverse in its religious base, and not all recognise the principle of a nation-state for Jews.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[4] It has therefore led to ongoing internal unrest and clashes with the Palestinians throughout the existence of the State of Israel.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israel has about 8.3 million inhabitants, according to a 2014 estimate.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[5] The official language is Hebrew, the official status of Arabic was removed in July 2018.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

78% of the inhabitants are Jewish, 17% are Arabs, the rest are Druuses and other minorities.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israeli Arabs are mostly Sunni Muslims or Christians by religion.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israel's neighbours include the Arab states Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, as well as Palestine, which is recognised as independent by some states.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israel has an area of 20700 km², including the Golan Heights, but not East Jerusalem or the West Bank and Gaza Strip.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

While Israel has neither admitted nor denied its nuclear weapon, it is widely thought to be the only nuclear-armed state in the Middle East.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[6] The name “Israel” has, in customary and liturgical use, for three thousand years denoted both Israel as a country and the entire Jewish people, whether they lived in Israel or in the diaspora.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

The name is derived from the Bible, 1.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

From Genesis 32:28, where Jacob receives the new name Israel (perhaps śara + el meaning struggle with God) after struggling with an angel.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

There are different understandings of the name.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

According to some, the name derives from the verb śarar (“to rule, to be strong, to impose”), in which case the name would signify “God reigns” or “God judges”.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Other possible meanings include “Prince of God” or “Ēl fights”.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Regardless of the exact meaning, the twelve sons of Jacob were descended from the “12 tribes of Israel”.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

The first historical mention of the word “Israel” is from the Egyptian in the steela of Merenptah, which details the military camps in Canaan Land.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israel is mentioned in the paade as a people who had not formed a state and is dated to the 13th century BCE.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[7] The modern state was given the name “Medinat Yisrael”, meaning the State of Israel, and its citizens are Israelis.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Other name suggestions included Eretz Israel, Zion and Judea.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[8] History Inspired by Zionist causes, the territory of present-day Israel, which was then part of Turkey, began to emigrate Jews between 1881 and 1914.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

During these migrations, or aliyas, key national institutions began to form for Israel's future independence: efforts were made to revive the Hebrew language, and a Hebrew-language press and literature emerged in the region.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Jews also established political parties and trade associations.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

About half of the Jews who immigrated to the area during the Second Aliyah were disembarked by 1914, when the First World War interrupted immigration.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[9] Time of British rule In World War I, Great Britain took control of the region.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Zionists had been migrating to the area at the urging of Theodor Herzl since as early as the 19th century, but the migration accelerated, particularly after World War I, as comers were attracted by the right promised by Britain in the Balfour Declaration to establish a “national home” in Palestine.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

In 1922, by decision of the League of Nations, Palestine was made a British Mandate Territory, which, however, soon separated 3/4, the eastern half of the Jordan River into Transjordan.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

At the end of World War II, there were already 650,000 Jews in the regions, and European Jews, uprooted by the Holocaust, arrived as a great wave to establish a new state.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

At the insistence of the Arabs, the Mandate administration eventually banned Jewish immigration almost completely.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[10] In the UN General Assembly, a motion was made to divide the territory into Arab and Jewish states.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Arab states surrounding Palestine opposed the motion and refused to recognize the Jewish state, while David Ben-Gurion, Israel's future, first prime minister, endorsed the plan.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

On 30 November 1947, the morning after the plan was approved, the violence escalated further, and on 11 December, London newspaper The Times reported that some 70 Jews, 50 Arabs and four Britons were killed in the clashes.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israeli armed organizations managed to seize all of the territory granted by the UN to Israel and part of the territory assigned to the Palestinians before the end of British rule.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Palestinians blamed these for a number of massacres of civilians, including the killing of more than 100 people in the Deir Yassin massacre between 9 and 11 April 1948.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

[11] As a result of the fighting, hundreds of thousands of Palestinians were forced to leave as refugees.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

An open war had broken out (kts.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Israeli War of Independence).


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

Establishment of Israel After the British left the territory, Israel was established on 14 May 1948 in Palestinian territory before the British Mandate expired at midnight on 15 May.


Question: What is Israel's acreage?

Israel

The conflict widened when Egyptian, Syrian, Jordanian, Lebanese and Iraqi forces invaded Israel.


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In the ensuing war, the Soviet Union, which opposed the colonial system, supported Israel, while Britain, as an old colonial host, continued to support the Arabs against their independence colony.


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The fighting took place mostly in territory designated for Palestinians.


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In 1948, volunteer Jews left Finland to join soldiers in Israel, and the Finnish state also assisted Israel with weapons donations.


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These Finnish-Jewish volunteers constituted the largest pool of volunteers in the world compared to the rest of the Jewish diaspora in terms of the number of members of their Jewish community.


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[12] By the end of the war, larger areas remained in Israeli possession than envisaged in the UN partition plan.


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At the same time Egypt occupied Gaza and Transjordan occupied the West Bank.


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Large numbers of Arabs were forced to leave their neighbourhoods or fled the threat of violence.


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There were massacres of Arab civilians and Palestinian housing communities were destroyed.


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About half of the indigenous population relocated or were expelled out of the territory of the new Jewish state, virtually without the option of returning.


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According to the UN, a total of 711000 people [13].


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Because of the crisis in the Middle East that has persisted until these days, the refugee issue remains unresolved.


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After the creation of Israel, the largest number of Holocaust survivors began to migrate from Europe, and the country's population doubled in its first year of independence.


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Over the next decade, 600,000 Jews fled or were deported from surrounding Arab countries and Iran to Israel.


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Suez Crisis and Six-Day War In 1956, Egypt decided to take the British and French-owned Suez Canal under its own ownership.


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As a result of the decision, the Suez Crisis erupted, during which Britain, France and Israel successfully invaded Egypt towards the Suez Canal.


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The armistice was concluded when the United States and the Soviet Union pressured the parties for peace.


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Conditions for the withdrawal included the deployment of UN UNEF forces in Sinai to monitor that Egypt would no longer attack Israel as it did in the 1948 war.


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In 1967, Egypt blockaded Israeli shipping in the Red Sea, removed UNEF peacekeepers from the area and moved tanks and hundreds of soldiers to the Sinai, declaring itself ready for war.


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[14] Israel decided to respond by attacking, and the Six-Day War began with a strike declared pre-emptive by Israel, with which it managed within hours to render the Egyptian air force incapacitated.


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Jordan, in turn, attacked Israeli cities in West Jerusalem, as well as Netanya.


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At the end of the war, Gaza, the Sinai Peninsula, the West Bank and the Golan Heights were left under Israeli control.


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The Yom Kippur War Syria and Egypt invaded Israel in 1973 and surprised Israel that had been holy.


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Israel initially suffered considerable losses, particularly in the Golan Heights, but with the arrival of reserve forces on the fronts after a few days, the war situation began to change.


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After a second week of fighting, Egypt and Syria had lost most of the positions they had captured, and soon Israel advanced into the west bank of the Suez Canal and into Syria.


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The ceasefire went into effect three weeks after the war began.


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South Lebanon Israel invaded civil war-torn Lebanon in 1982 with the aim of countering terrorist attacks on the northern parts of the country from the Lebanese side.


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After forming a 40-mile-wide security perimeter, the Israeli military continued to attack inland, also capturing the country's capital, Beirut.


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The PLO, which had kept its headquarters in the city, fled to Tunisia's capital Tunis.


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Israel withdrew its troops from the country mostly in 1986 but continued its occupation in the South Lebanon Security Zone with the South Lebanon Army (SLA) paramilitary militia it supported.


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Israel withdrew from the area in 2000, after which it was taken over by the Hezbollah organization as well as a UN peacekeeping force.


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First Intifada and Oslo Accord The First Intifada, or Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation, began in December 1987 and continued until 1993.


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In total, about 1400 Palestinians and about 270 Israeli civilians and 150 Israeli soldiers were killed in the clashes.


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[15] Following the victory of the Labour Party in 1992, Yitzhak Rabin began negotiations with the PLO to bring peace, and in 1993 the two sides signed the Oslo Agreement.


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Also known as Oslo I, Israel and the PLO recognized each other.


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Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak and Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat negotiated in July 2000 at Camp David under Bill Clinton, but the talks failed to produce results after the PLO rejected Barak's offer.


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Critics of the motion say Barak's proposal would not have given prospects for the creation of a viable Palestinian state because it would have fragmented the West Bank and stripped many important territories out of it.


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[16] After failed peace talks, tension in the region began to increase again.


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The Second Intifada The Second Intifada, or Al-Aqsa Intifada, began in September 2000.


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It is often suggested that the Second Intifada began after Ariel Sharon visited Al-Aqsa Mosque and that the visit would have been interpreted as a provocation.


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Today, both Palestinians and Israelis agree that it was not only Sharon's action that was the cause of the intifada.


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Israelis view the Intifada as “part of the Palestinian Authority's calculating policy in its relations with the State of Israel” and Palestinians in turn view it as more like “.. just a legitimate reaction to a provocative incident.


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It is the unanimity of the Palestinian people, a public expression of mind caused by the failure of negotiations and a complete condemnation of Israel's actions”.


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[17] In Israel, it is widely believed that the Palestinian leadership initiated the uprising deliberately to pressure Israel through violence.


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[18] In hindsight, however, there were many signs of potential violence that could have ignited from almost any random event.


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There have been 1116 Israelis killed in clashes during the Second Intifada [19] and 4066 Palestinians [20] As a result of the Intifada, Israel is building a security fence in the West Bank, which is said to be to prevent terrorists from entering Israeli cities.


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[21] The fence has been criticized by the UN General Assembly and the EU as it breaks down Palestinian territories and annexes 6% to 8% of the disputed territories to Israel for an indefinite period of time.


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In Israel's view, however, the fence is only a temporary solution.


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[22] In 2004, the International Court of Justice in The Hague ruled that the fence was contrary to international law and should be dismantled immediately.


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Under the ruling, Israel would also be obliged to compensate the damage caused to the Palestinian population by the fence.


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[23] Israel nowadays, the Likud Party led by Ariel Sharon won the March 2001 elections and was re-elected Prime Minister in the 2003 elections.


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The right-wing Likud refused in 2002 to recognize the state of Palestinians under any circumstances.


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[24] In 2003, the Israeli Parliament adopted the so-called Middle East Plan as the basis for a peace plan.


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In the same year, Sharon signed with the Palestinians the Roadmap Peace Plan, which aims for e.g.


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to an independent Palestine.


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[25] After Sharon presented a plan for unilateral Israeli withdrawal from Gaza, his party was mired in internal strife and the Prime Minister dissolved the Knesset and in October 2005 founded the new party Kadima.


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Sharon suffered a severe brain haemorrhage before the election, and Ehud Olmert rose to replace him as the officiating prime minister and leader of the Kadima party.


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Olmert led Kadima to an election victory in March 2006.


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Violence in the area escalated again in June 2006 after Palestinians kidnapped Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit () as a hostage.


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Israel then began Operation Summer Rain by striking air and ground troops at many targets in Gaza [26] and capturing, among other things, eight of the twenty Palestinian Authority ministers.


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In July, clashes spread to Lebanon after Hezbollah guerrillas penetrated Israel, where they killed three soldiers and took two hostage.


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Among other things, Israel struck Beirut's international airport and blockaded all ports in the country.


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In December 2008, a ceasefire between the Hamas organization that controls the Gaza Strip and Israel expired.


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On December 27, 2008, Israel began aerial bombardment of the Gaza Strip, and a ground invasion, Operation Cast Lead, on January 3, 2009.


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Israel withdrew for the most part by the inauguration of the new US president on January 21, 2009, and completely the next day.


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[27] High number of civilian casualties (incl.


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416 children) and damaging fifty UN buildings led the United Nations to strongly criticize the attack.


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[28] According to the newspaper Haaretz, during the fighting, the Israeli army, with the permission of the commanders, killed numerous civilians and deliberately destroyed their property.


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[29] Right-wing parties were the best performing in the 2009 elections, and the government was formed under Benjamin Netanyahu.


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The Likud government was also supported by the Labour Party, Yisrael Beiteinu and Shas.


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Avigdor Lieberman, known for his anti-Arab statements and labelled a racist, drew the most criticism.


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[30] Lieberman disengaged himself from the two-state solution and declared the Annapolis process negotiated under American leadership null and void.


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[31] The 2010 takeover of civilian casualties of an international aid convoy bound for Gaza on 31 May 2010 was met with sharp criticism.


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Many states condemned the actions of the Israel Defense Forces, including Israel's neighbours, the EU, Spain, Britain, China, Greece, France, Germany and Finland.


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[32] Geography Israel borders Lebanon and Syria to the north, West Bank and Jordan to the east, to the southwest are the Egyptian and Gaza Strip.


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Israel's shoreline to the Mediterranean Sea is to the west and the Gulf of Aqaba, which connects to the Red Sea, to the south.


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Israel's largest waters are Lake Genesaret to the north and the Dead Sea to the southeast.


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The largest river is the Jordan.


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The highest mountain is Har Meron.


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Climate The climate of the country is Mediterranean except for the deserts of the southern and northern parts of the country, the largest of which is the Negev Desert.


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In spring and summer, sandstorms occur periodically.


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The country has a hot rainless summer and a relatively short cool rainy winter.


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The climate varies within the country according to meridian, latitude and proximity to the Mediterranean Sea.


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August is the hottest of the months, with average temperatures ranging from 18 to 38°C.


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Rains are usually heavy rainfall causing erosion and flooding.


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In winter, water might come as snow in the highlands of the central part of the country like Jerusalem.


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In the most cultivated areas of the country, more than 300 millimeters of rain per year.


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About a third of the land is cultivable.


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Plants and Animals More than 500 species of birds have been found in Israel.


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Some of the birds live there permanently, some migrate through Israeli territory twice a year.


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[33] Across Israel there are more than 150 nature reserves and 65 national parks, about 1000 square kilometers in size.


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The areas are cared for by the Israel Nature and Parks Administration.


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Twenty of them have been developed for public use, with two million visitors each year.


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Mount Carmel has been designated a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO.


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Hundreds of plants and animals, including oak, palm and animals gazelle and leopard, have been protected, and rescue programs have been put in place for endangered species.


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[33] Metropolises In 2004, the Israeli census defined three metropolitan areas: Tel Aviv — 2933700 people Haifa — 980600 people Beersheba — 511800 people Jerusalem could also be called a metropolitan area, but it is difficult to define it because the settlement spreads such a wide area and the boundaries of the city itself are blurry.


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The official population of the city of Jerusalem is 724000 (2006).


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Including Nazareth and its Muslim-majority suburbs, the area would also be included in large metropolitan areas.


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Population Israel enacted the Return Migration Act in 1950, under which all Jews have the right to immigrate to the country as an olena, or Jewish immigrant, and obtain citizenship of the country.


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According to the definition of the law, anyone born of a Jewish mother or who has converted to the Jewish religion is considered Jewish, and is not a member of any other religious community.


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In 1970, the law was expanded to include all descendants of a Jewish parent or grandparent, spouses of Jews, and the spouse of a Jewish descendant.


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Those former citizens of British Palestine who lived in the country from 1948 to 1952 are also entitled to return to Israel.


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In recent years, Jews, especially from the former Soviet Union, have been emigrated by law.


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Since 1990, more than a million Russians have entered the country, which today constitute the largest population group in the country.


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[34] Non-Jews can also immigrate according to the normal immigration process, and citizenship can be obtained within five years.


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Israel is the only state in the world where a majority of the population is Jewish.


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77.7% of the Israeli population are Jews of different regions, with the largest groups being those born in Europe or the United States (32.1%), those born in Israel (20.8%) and those born in Africa (14.6%).


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Arabs make up 18.5% of the population.


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Other groups account for 4.3% of the population.


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76.2% of Israelis are Jewish by religion, 16.1% Muslims and 2.1% Christians.


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Druuses in religion make up 1.6% of the population.


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Druze are ethnically often classified as Arabs, but they generally do not consider themselves Arabs, but as their own group.


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[35] [36] Israeli religious Jews are roughly divided into two groups: about 12% are considered Haredi Jews (so-called ultra-Orthodox) and about 9% consider themselves religious Zionists.


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The Haredi strive to live according to the customs of the time of Moses and are in principle suspicious of even the State of Israel, because according to traditional Jewish conception, Israel should come into existence only when the Messiah comes.


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Today, the Haredi have become more interested in politics and seek to “Jewise” society.


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Their goal is a Torah state based on religious law.


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The influence of the Haredis increases as their population share increases thanks to the high birth rate.


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[37] 43% are secularized, or hilons, of whom 53% state their belief in God.


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Of all Jews in Israel, 65% believe in God and 5% report being non-religious.


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Of all Israelis, 78% spend the Sabbath.


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[38] Of the Arabs in Israel, 82.3% are Muslims, 9% are Christians and 8.5% are Druze.


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Almost all Muslim Arabs are Sunni Muslims, and the majority live in northern parts of the country.


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Bedouin Arabs belonging to thirty tribes are also Muslims and live sparsely in the deserts of southern parts.


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Bedouin are already universally ending Bedouin life and entering the workforce.


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Arab Christians live in Nazareth, Shfar'am and Haifa.


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Some 3000 Adygeians live in the northern villages, who are Sunni Muslims, however not Arabs, and are not part of communities of other Muslims.


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According to Human Rights Watch, Israeli Arabs are subject to discrimination within the country, including in education.


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[39] Culture Israel is a multicultural and -language society in which many ethnic groups and denominations are represented.


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A central place in the culture is occupied by festivities and traditions associated with the Jewish religion.


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The culture of Israel has been influenced by the cultures of Jews who immigrated from different regions, for example Sephardic and Ashkenasi Jews and Ethiopian Jews.


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The Arab minority has maintained its own culture.


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The preservation of the heritage of minority groups is supported by monetary grants and other support.


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Arabs have taken an active part in electronic media in general and Arabic language productions.


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[40] Haifa, Tel Aviv and Jerusalem are centers of culture with many exhibitions, theaters and other cultural life.


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Israelis diligently read newspapers.


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Major daily newspapers appear in Hebrew, Arabic, English and Russian.


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Newspapers are also published in French, Polish, Yiddish, Hungarian, German and Persian.


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Kol Israel ('The Voice of Israel') offers radio programs on eight radio channels and 17 languages.


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The state has two television channels serving in Hebrew, Arabic and English.


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Three private producers operate on one commercial channel.


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Pay cable television is available in most of the country and can receive programming from a variety of American, European and Asian television networks.


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Israel has a millennia of history and is historically important to the four monotheistic religions Much effort has been invested in archaeology in Israel, with relics protected, excavated and placed for public viewing.


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Researchers from the University of Helsinki have participated in the excavations from Finland.


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In the Middle East, archaeological finds are interpreted in various contexts, often to support their own political and religious ideas.


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Thus, the extent of the Kingdom of David has served in part as an ideal for the borders of the State of Israel, for example on the issue of the Golan Heights.


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[41] Literature, theatre and cinema Israeli literature is highly regarded: Samuel Josef Agnon received the Nobel Prize in Literature 1966.


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David Grossman has been a Nobel candidate.


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Well-known contemporary writers include Amos Oz, Yehudit Katzir, Etgar Keret, Orly Castel-Blum, Gadi Taub, Irit Linor, Mira Magen, Batya Gur and Shulamit Lapid, and poet Jehuda Amihai.


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In addition to Hebrew, much literature is published in Arabic, English and French.


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With 1 million Russian immigrants, Israel has the highest number of Russian-language literature published in the world after Russia.


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Theatre has not been part of traditional Jewish culture.


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Israeli theatre got its start with the advent of Russian immigrants.


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The first theater was founded 1931 in Tel Aviv, and today there are several theaters in Israel.


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[42] Israeli film exports are on the rise with internationally successful films.


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Films in the past have often dealt with Israeli-Arab confrontation.


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The Israel Film Center, under the Israeli Ministry of Trade and Industry, promotes and supports the country's film sector.


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Film Archive The Steven Spielberg Jewish Film Archive at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem is the world's largest archive of Jewish cinema.


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Music in Israel is a strong art music tradition that came to the country mainly with the participation of Ashkenasi Jews who immigrated from Central and Eastern Europe.


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The Palestine Philharmonic Orchestra (now the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra) held its first concert in Tel Aviv in 1936 under Arturo Toscanini.


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Another notable symphony orchestra in the country is the Jerusalem Symphony Orchestra.


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In 1980, New Israel Opera was founded in the country.


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Well-known Israeli art musicians include pianist and conductor Daniel Barenboim and violinists Shlomo Mintz, Pinchas Zukerman and Itzhak Perlman.


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Major international attention has been received by the West-Eastern Divan Orchestra, founded in 1998 by Daniel Barenboim, in which both Jewish and Palestinian young musicians play, and the Young Palestine Chamber Orchestra, founded in 2003.


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The orchestras have performed concertos in the West Bank city of Ramallah, among others.


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[43] [44] Israel has won the Eurovision Song Contest four times, most recently in 2018 with the song “Toy” by Netta Barzilai.


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Other popular performers in pop and rock music have included Idan Raichel, Ofra Haza, Kaveret, Izhar Cohen and Gali Atari.


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In recent years, hip-hop music has also gained a wider listener base with the popularity of Tamer Nafar, an Arab-Israeli, among others.


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Sports Sport has a prominent place in Israeli culture and Israeli sports culture very much resembles that of European countries.


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The most popular sports in the country are football and basketball, but the country has also achieved international success in areas such as handball and fixture gymnastics.


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Israel has won a total of 9 Olympic medals so far in judo, canoeing and windsurfing.


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There are also major Jewish sports competitions Maccabids held in Israel every four years.


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Economy Originally based on farming, the economy has grown strongly, especially in the decades since independence, and Israel's economy is modern and diverse.


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Significant export products (total.


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nearly 30 billion in 2003) are e.g.


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heavy machinery industry (also includes weapons industry), memory chips and processors, electro-optics products, computer software, pharmaceutical products, cut diamonds, agricultural products such as Jaffa oranges, chemicals and clothing.


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High-tech plays a significant part in the economy.


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Because of its non-existent natural resources, Israel has placed a high emphasis on education and been at the forefront of research in information technology, communications and life sciences.


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Israel is often talked about as the Silicon Valley of the Middle East.


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More venture capital is invested in Israel than any country in Europe, and its venture capital investment share of GDP is the highest in the world.


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Outside the United States and Canada, Israel has the highest number of Nasdaq-listed companies in the world.


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[45] Israel's patent figures are among the highest in the world.


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In the early 2010s, huge deposits of natural gas and shale oil have been discovered in Israel, which are in the process of changing Israel's political, economic and military position significantly.


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Oil deposits recently discovered in Israel are estimated to be up to the same magnitude as Saudi oil deposits.


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[46] Trade with the EU The European Union is Israel's main trading partner and exports to the Union make up 28% of Israel's total exports.


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The 1995 trade agreement, which replaced the 1975 cooperation agreement, allows Israel to import industrial products into the EU without import tariffs and seeks to promote cooperation on investment and harmonisation of laws.


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[47] There have been disagreements between the EU and Israel over imports into the EU of products made in West Bank and Gaza settlements as Israeli products, but the dispute was agreed in the summer of 2004.


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[48] The Arab boycott has kept trade with Arab countries low, but Egypt and Jordan, among others, have opened trade.


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United States most significant contributor About half of the economic and military loan guarantees and other aid Israel receives comes from the United States and the rest mostly from the European Union.


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About half of Israel's foreign debt originates in the United States, and a significant portion of the total debt comes from individuals through the Israeli promissory note program.


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Germany has provided Israel with palpable grants and entered into cooperation agreements to develop industry and armed forces in recompense for Nazi Germany's crimes against Jews.


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Tourism Both foreign and intra-country tourism are major livelihoods in Israel and account for 3-4% of the country's GDP, of which foreign tourism accounts for 35% to 40%.


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The calmness of the region has somewhat reduced tourism to the area in recent years.


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[49] The most famous tourist destinations are Eilat, Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Tiberias and Lake Genesaret, Haifa, Zefat (Safed), the Dead Sea, as well as Be'er Sheva and the Negev Desert.


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Attractions are historic buildings, cities and places or nature attractions.