Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

This was followed by an exchange period of varying length in different countries, during which the euro and the national currency were allowed to be used at the same time.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In Finland, this phase lasted until early March 2002.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The intention was that when you were still paying in national currency, the change was received in euros, and thus the old money would change to the new one in a natural way in daily payments.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

This was very successful, since already a couple of weeks after the turn of the year a significant proportion of national money had changed to euros.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

When the money exchange period officially ended, the euro became exclusive tender.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

However, for several months, commercial banks were obliged to accept and exchange the old money received from customers into euros.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

When that period too ended, each country's central banks continued to exchange their country's old money for euros.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Most countries have years or decades in which especially old banknotes are allowed to be exchanged for euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In addition, some retail stores have had a history of stunts during which customers have been allowed to pay with old money.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Today, there are still billions of euros worth of old national cash to be exchanged, and in Finland alone more than EUR 200 million.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[43] There are several reasons for this: money is in memorabilia and collectables, lying around (e.g. small coins that have not been allowed to exchange), in forgotten caches, destroyed, and also as dark money left in the hands of criminals, which has not been obtained since the money-laundering controls have tightened exchanged to euros.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

There are even people who did not approve of switching to the euro and have saved old money in the hope that it would still be reintroduced.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

EU countries that have joined the euro and their former currencies Kosovo since 2002.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

For the first euro countries, the euro for currency column in the table shows the date 1 January 1999, when the euro became a real currency unit and account currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Thus in Finland, for example, the date of introduction was 1 January 1999, although the cash euro did not come into use until 1 January 2002.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Subsequently, in the countries that joined the euro, the introduction of the euro as both account and cash has taken place simultaneously.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The third column contains the currency multiplier in euros.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[47] The euro's international status The euro is a floating currency, meaning its rate relative to the world's other major currencies is determined by international currency markets.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The main gauge of the value of the euro is its exchange rate against the US dollar.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

During the euro's existence, the dollar rate has fluctuated sharply: at the beginning of 1999, 1euro was slightly below $1.20, but in late October 2000, the 1euro weakened to the lowest value in its history to date, around US$0.83.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Thereafter, the euro gradually strengthened (despite temporary periods of decline) to the point that on July 15, 2008, the value of one euro was the highest in its history to date, nearly $1.60$.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

By the time of the start of 2012, the value of the euro had again weakened to around $1.30USD.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[48] Also, the dollar is buoyant.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Therefore, other cyclical factors in foreign exchange markets than the euro and dollar exchange rate need to be considered in order to assess the reasons for the changes in rates: the appreciation or weakening of the euro may not only be on the own merit or fault of the euro area economy, but may be due to more on the weakening or appreciation of the dollar caused by factors affecting the dollar.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The European Central Bank operates monetary policy independent of member countries and sets a base rate that is the same in all euro countries.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The interest rate affects the price of money, i.e. the cost of loans on the market, and thus also has an impact on the value of the euro relative to other currencies.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The euro's international position as a currency has gradually strengthened.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

It has become the second most significant international currency in the world after the US dollar.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Many states keep some of their foreign reserves in euros.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Some states opposed to US policy, including Iran, have changed their dollar reserves for euro reserves for political reasons.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The euro has thus become a competitor to the dollar, although it is not the official goal of the European Central Bank to form the euro into a world currency or competitor to other currencies.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Due to its international status, like the dollar, the euro often goes to retail shops as a cash means of payment in many countries outside the euro area, especially in areas frequented by tourists.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Although, in this case, the price of the purchase can often become somewhat or much more expensive than when paying with the country's own currency — due to merchants' currency exchange costs and perhaps also profit.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Since 2010, the euro's status as a reserve currency crisis The euro was mired in a deep debt crisis lasting several years.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The crisis was partly the result of the 2008-09 recession.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Chartalists predicted the euro's drift into crisis in the early stages of the euro, for example economist Warren Mosler wrote in 2001: Chartalism is a theory of economics that studies the functioning of fiat monetary systems.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

It has been critical to the structure of the euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

According to it, the euro lacks mm.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

A publisher like the Federal Government of the United States and the structure of the euro with too much reliance on commercial banks is unsustainable.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[51] Criticism Helsingin Sanomat commissioned an economist survey in 2016.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In it, a majority of respondents said that the euro has done Finland more harm than good compared to Finland having its own free-floating currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[52] Area of use of euro The euro countries that are members of the European Union are the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Ireland, Italy, Austria, Greece, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, France, Germany, Slovakia, Slovenia, Finland and Estonia.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In some Swedish municipalities, though the euro is in use alongside the krona, although Sweden is not otherwise a euro country.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[53] Of the member countries that joined the EU before 2004, the euro is used in all but Britain, Denmark and Sweden.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In 2004, the first of the countries to join the EU, the euro was adopted by Slovenia on 1 January 2007, replacing the Slovenian tolar, becoming the 13th euro country in the EU.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Next, from 1 January 2008, Malta and Cyprus switched to using the euro instead of the Maltese lira (MTL) and the Cypriot pound (CYP), which they received permission from the EU Council of Ministers on 10 July 2007.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

This was in anticipation of the European Union Commission's recommended move in May 2007, when countries met the convergence criteria, according to the convergence report published at the time.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[54] [55] In May 2008, Slovakia's accession to the euro area was confirmed on 1 January 2009.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Slovakia became the 16th EU state to use the euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Estonia joined the eurozone on 1 January 2011 at 17.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

As an EU state [56], Latvia became part of the euro area on 1 January 2014 and the euro was introduced at the same time.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[57] Latvia became 18th.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The EU member state that adopted the euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[58] On 1 January 2015, Lithuania became the 19th country to use euros as currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[59] The euro is also used in four non-EU dwarf states, namely Monaco, San Marino, the Vatican and Andorra.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[60] The first three already had monetary union agreements with the euro area on the use of the euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Andorra, without agreement, used the euro by its unilateral decision, but concluded an agreement with the EU on 30 June 2011 [61].


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

These practices are a continuation of the arrangements of the pre-euro period under which the currencies of surrounding countries were used in the dwarf states: in Monaco the French franc was used in San Marino the Italian lira in the Vatican was used Italian lira in Andorra was used French francs and Spanish pesetas.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

This was because it would have been unnecessarily expensive for dwarf states to maintain their own currency and associated monetary policy, as well as printing and mints.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

When the surrounding countries exchanged to the euro, it was also natural to take the euro as the currency of the dwarf states.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Countries also have the right to mint some number of euro coins with their own national images, which are fair money in the euro countries belonging to the EU [62], but end up at a price almost exclusively higher than their face values due to their low mintage. collectors' collections.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Coin-minting rights for Andorra began three other countries later, on 1 July 2013.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[61] In addition, the euro is used in some other non-EU countries, such as Montenegro and Kosovo (see Euro area for more detail).


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

This use, which has been called euroisation, is similar to the so-called dollarisation that has occurred in some other countries, namely the country's own-initiative decision to stop using its own currency and start using the US dollar instead.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

With the exception of cases of dwarf states such as the one mentioned above, euroization and dollarisation are usually a sign of a country's economic problems: a country's own currency has been abandoned due to the continued rapid depreciation of its value and started to be used as a world currency that is reliable in value.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Eurosisation in no way makes a country officially euroworthy or a member of the eurozone, nor does Eurosciation pave the way for subsequent formal eurozone accession — usually quite the opposite, since the use of a foreign currency tells the country's economy to be in a state where you could not have its own currency trust.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

On the other hand, no international or eurozone code prevents an independent but non-EU state from taking the euro as its official currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The euro state is not involved in the functioning of the European Central Bank or the European System of Central Banks.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

European Union countries that do not use euros Several EU member states do not use the euro but their national currencies.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

These countries can be divided into three categories depending on the reason they do not use the euro: 1.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Countries entitled not to adopt the euro: Great Britain and Denmark Great Britain was a member of the EU even before the Maastricht Treaty and negotiated a treaty for itself the right not to adopt the single currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

British Eurosceptics say the single currency is a step towards a federal EU that would soon begin to resemble the US.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Eurosceptics say that with the euro, Britain's economic life would suffer if it had to evolve at the pace of monetary and economic policy in the eurozone, but under the pound, Britain can determine its pace of development itself.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Like Britain, Denmark was a member of the EU even before the Maastricht Treaty and negotiated for itself the right not to adopt the single currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In the 2000 referendum, 53.2% opposed joining the common currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

However, unlike Sweden and Britain, Denmark has pegged the value of its krona to the euro and is in ERM II phase.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

So it can be said that Denmark is formally one step closer to adopting the euro than Sweden and Britain.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

A country that, according to its EU commitments, should switch to the euro, but which at least has not yet wanted to do so: Sweden held a referendum in Sweden in 2003 on exchanging crowns for euros.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

55.9% opposed the introduction of the euro and 42.0% were in favour.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Unlike Britain and Denmark, Sweden joined the EU while the Maastricht Treaty was in force, which basically obliges it to switch to the common currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Sweden has asked the EU to be allowed to keep its own currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The formal reason is that accession to the ERM phase is voluntary and must precede the introduction of the euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In Sweden, the debate over the euro was very heated around the time of the referendum.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Countries that have not yet met the euro adoption criteria: Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, Romania, the Czech Republic and Hungary The introduction of the euro in an EU country requires certain economic criteria to be met (convergence criteria and the Maastricht Treaty).


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The purpose of the convergence criteria is to guide new euro aspiring countries to put their economies in good enough shape, both for the welfare of the countries themselves and for the protection of the euro area.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Ten new member countries joined the EU in 2004, with Slovenia switching to using the euro in 2007, Cyprus and Malta in 2008, Slovakia in 2009, Estonia 2011, Latvia in 2014 and Lithuania in 2015.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[63] [64] [65] Old national currencies are used so far by Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

As negotiated in their accession treaty, these countries do not have the right to abstain from adopting the euro and therefore have an obligation to try to bring their economies into euro shape and adopt the euro as soon as possible.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

The exchange of Polish, Czech and Hungarian currencies into the euro is still in an undetermined future, as the countries' economies do not meet the criteria for adoption of the euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

Some countries would like to introduce the euro as soon as possible.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In some other new member countries, such as Poland, the position of politicians in government has been less pro-euro or even anti-euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In such a situation, there has been no active push towards the adoption of the euro in the country.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

In 2007 Bulgaria and Romania joined the EU, and in 2013 Croatia.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

According to the accession treaties, they must join the euro when they meet the criteria of the common currency.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

States that have tied their currencies to the euro Withdrawal from the euro No country has seceded from the euro and there are no regulations for seceding from the euro.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[66] The position of Mario Draghi, president of the European Central Bank, is that the euro is irreversible.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[67] According to Jean-Claude Juncker, president of the European Commission, the common currency is tied to free movement, and therefore the end of one would also destroy the other.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[68] Euro countries have a single payment system through which payments are transferred through the single Euro payments system under the auspices of the ECB as SEPA account transfers.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

According to a Finnish study, a country that diverges from the euro should set up a new payment system.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

For a country like Finland, which has completely abandoned its own payment system and would have to set up a new one from scratch, it would take half a year to a year to set up a payment system.


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

[69] Sources on the topic elsewhere (see:


Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

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Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

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Question: What was Spain's monetary unit before the move to the euro?

Euro

€ * Category:European Monetary Union Category:2002 Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Alex Oliver Vaenerberg (born August 21, 1992 in Zürich, Switzerland) is a Finnish professional basketball player.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Vaenerberg, who plays as a playmaker, is raised by Raholan Pyrkivä.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

He represents Helsinki Seagulls playing in the Korisliiga where he has achieved SM-bronze in 2017.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Previously, Vaenerberg has represented Salon Vilpa in the Korisliiga, where he was awarded the Korisliiga's Rookie of the Year in the 2011—12 season, and Tampere Pyrintö, where he won the Finnish championship in 2014 and finished fourth in the Baltic League in the same season.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Players Career Seurateet Vaenerberg started his major league career in Tampere Pyrinnö organization.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

He played in the 2009—10 season in five and in the 2010—11 season in three Korisliiga matches.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

However, for the 2010—11 season, Vaenerberg played mainly under a dual license for BC Nokia's team, and in the same season he also played for Pyrinnö's Division I Division 2 team and the A-Junior team that won SM-silver.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[1] [2] For the 2011—12 season, Vaenerberg transferred to Vilpas Vikings.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

In his rookie season with Vilppaan, he played with averages per game of 3.9 points, 1.7 assists and 1.6 rebounds.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Vilpas finished eighth in the regular season and made it to the playoffs, in the quarterfinals of which, however, the team lost against Joensuun Kataja with match-winning 3—0 [3].


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

At the end of the season, Vaenerberg was selected as Korisliiga's Rookie


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[4] The following season, Vilpas again finished eighth in the regular season and fell in the quarterfinals, this time to the Loimaa Bisons.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[5] Vaenerberg played a major role in assisting Vilppua's playmaking.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

He brought the ball to the offensive end, and was also partly responsible for the rotation of the team's game.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

His second Vilppaan term ended with a finger fracture.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[6] In his first two seasons with Vilppaan, Vaenerberg was key players for team head coach Mikko Tupamäki [7].


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

In June 2013, Vaenerberg returned back to Pyrintöö on a two-year contract.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[8] Pyrintö played as the first Finnish team in the Baltic League, where it finished fourth.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

In Korisliiga, Pyrintö won the regular season with a new winning record and at the end of the season won the third in their history and Vaenerberg's first Finnish title.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

After the end of the 2014—15 season, Vaenerberg signed a one-year extension contract with Pyrinnö.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[9] [10] In the 2015—16 season, due to Pyrinnö's changes in composition and playing, Vaenerberg's playing time decreased.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Pyrintöö was contacted by Vaenerberg's old club Vilpas and on 9 February 2016 he moved on loan to Vilppaaan for the rest of the season.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Vilppa's second playmaker, Sami Ikävalko, had left the club earlier and the Saloist club needed more rest for their number one playmaker Doug Wiggins in the exchange, so Vaenerberg was expected to get more playing time.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[11] [12] [7] Vaenerberg's playing time also increased to about 15 minutes per match, and averaged 5.4 points in the final eight regular season games and provided 2.1 basket-leading assists.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Vilpas finished sixth in the regular season and was matched by Kouvot.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Vaenerberg sustained an ankle injury in his third quarterfinal match [13].


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

The quarterfinal series was extremely even, with Kouvot advancing to the semi-finals with a last-minute basket of the final match, ending Vilppa and the playoffs as the ninth player of its rotation, Vaenerberg's season.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[14] In June 2016, Vaenerberg moved to Helsinki Seagulls on a 1+2-year contract.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[15] [16] In spring 2017 he won SM-bronze at Seagulls.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

The national team Vaenerberg also played for the Finnish youth national teams.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

In June 2015, he was named in Finland's challenger team link for the same year.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[17] He was a member of the Finnish team at the 2015 Summer Universiades [18].


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Achievements Personal achievements Korisliiga Rookie of the Year 2012 Team Achievements Finnish Championship 2014 SM-Bronze 2017 Baltic League Fourth place 2014 Style of play in Pyrinnö Vaenerberg's role was to drive the ball up quickly on the attack and actively retrieving the ball without balls.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[19] After the end of the 2014—15 season, Vaenerberg was described by a journalist at the end of the 2014—15 season as a “hard toil” in the manner of Ville Pekkola [20].


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Vaenerberg has been described as a sure-footed ball offensive end driver and an active fullback defender.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[7] Private life Vaenerberg lived his first three years of life in Switzerland, where his father worked.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

According to Eurobasket, he also holds Swiss citizenship.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[21] Vaenerberg's parents are Finnish, and he uses Swedish as his native language, Swedish, in conversation with his father, who is from Kauniainen.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[22] [23] Vaenerberg has been featured in his capacity as a basketball player, including Major's Pusiboi music video [24] and YLEX's 2015 Blockfest broadcast.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

[25] Statistics Regular Season Playoffs O = matches, 2p% = success rate of two-point throws, 3p% = success rate of three-point throws, 1p% = success rate for free throws, HL = offensive rebounds, PL = defensive rebounds, LEV = total rebounds, S = assists, M = losses, R = deprivations, T = tackles, PTS = point average Sources Finnish Basketball Association Finnish Basketball League Baltic Basketball League Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Which team will Ville Pekkola play in 2019?

Alex Vaenerberg

References Category:Finnish basketball players Category:Born in 1992 Class:Living persons


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Banana (Musa sapientum) [1] [2] is a processed beneficial plant belonging to the genus of bananas (Musa).


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Its fruit is classified in botany as a berry [3], more specifically a primer fruit, and is usually known as a “common” or “commercial” banana.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

It is a herbaceous plant that produces a crop in the seventh year of its planting.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Taxonomy The classification between banana and soup banana (M. paradisiaca) has often been seen as convoluted in botany.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

The common banana is sometimes classified as a subspecies of the soup banana or vice versa.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[1] The processed subspecies of common banana and soup banana are based on two parent species: Musa acuminata colla and Musa balbisiana colla.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Among the breeding crossbreeds, the common names Musa × paradisiaca L., Musa × sapientum L. or perhaps as the most exacte designation even M. acuminata × M. balbisiana Colla are sometimes used.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

The different types of crossbreeding are distinguished by letter combinations of 2 to 4 letters, with the letter A representing the haploid genome of the acuminata species and the letter B representing the species balbisiana.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[4] The main breeds of common commercial banana are of the AAA variety, meaning they are descended from the acuminata species alone.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

(Soup banana varieties are based on both acuminata and balbisiana species, or the latter alone).


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[4] Bananas on the market are mainly of the 'Cavendish' variety.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Until the 1950s, the mainstream variety was 'Gros Michel' (Big Mike), whose large-scale commercial cultivation ended due to plant diseases.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

History Banana cultivation has been started in Papua New Guinea, [5] from where it migrated to Africa possibly thousands of years before the beginning of our period.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

The banana is first mentioned in historical Buddhist texts in 600 BCE.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Alexander the Great tasted banana in the valleys of India in 327 BCE.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

The first mentions of banana plantations are from China around the year 200.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

In 650, the Islamic conquistadors brought the plant to Palestine.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Accompanied by Arab traders, it spread across Africa.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

In 1502, the Portuguese started the first banana plantations in the Caribbean and Central America.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Although this plant was exported from West Africa to the Canary Islands by Portuguese seafarers, it was not until the Renaissance began in the 17th century and even then very instinctively.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Although the banana was certainly known as early as the Middle Ages, for some reason it did not spread into medieval cuisine.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

In 1516, American travelers sailing through the Canary picked up the plant and the conquest of the new continent had begun for the banana.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

In fact, the large-scale conquest of the Americas began around the middle of the 19th century.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Europeans did not really invent the use of banana really until the 18th century, and there are almost no mentions of it from the Middle Ages in Europe.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Banana nowadays Bananas are usually picked raw and brought to Finland as greens, for example.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

In some countries, bananas are cooked in gas before being sold.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

The peel of the ripe banana is yellow and has small brown spots.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

The fruit flesh of the banana is soft and sweet in taste, so a ripe banana can be eaten peeled as is.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Bananas can be eaten well even before they turn brown spots, others think the flavour is at best slightly before the banana is fully “ripe”.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

However, the banana is still edible even if the peel is completely brown.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

On the territory of the European Union, banana is grown, for example, on the island of Madeira, which belongs to Portugal.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Madeiran bananas are considered smaller and tastier than bananas commonly sold elsewhere in Europe.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[6] [7] Fair Trade has mainly introduced Ecuadorian bananas, which also have prospects.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[8] Problems of the banana plant in asexual reproduction have worried the future of banana growers.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Finding banana grades that are resistant to various diseases has proved worryingly arduous.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

The banana has even been feared to be extinct, which could perhaps be prevented by means of genetic manipulation, for example.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[9] Panama disease TR4, which is specifically classified as a fungal disease, is dangerous and no control method has been found.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

It seems to be spreading into a global epidemic.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[10] Nutritional value 100 grams of peeled banana contains approximately 18.3 grams of absorbable carbohydrate, 0.4 grams of fat and 1.1 grams of protein.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[11] Banana is a good source of fiber, vitamin C, potassium and manganese: [12] per hundred grams contain, for example, 0.36 grams of potassium, [11] which is more than 10% of the recommended daily intake of an adult male (3.5 g).


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[13] Banana is also an excellent source of vitamin B6: it is 0.50 milligrams in one hundred grams, [11] which is about one-third of the recommended intake of an adult male (1.6 mg) or the entire recommended intake of a one-year-old.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

[14] Bananas are mildly radioactive because they contain the very common isotope potassium-40 in nature.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

However, radioactivity causes no health effects; eating one banana is about 1% of the normal daily dose of background radiation.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

See also Banana State Sources Rousi, A., Sunflower to vine — food plants, WSOY, Porvoo, WSOY printing unit, Porvoo 1997.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Robuchon, J., Creignoun, M., Delaveyne, J., etc., Larousse — Gastronomique, Hamlyn, London, Editoriale Johnson, Bergamo, 2001.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

Whiteman, K., Great Fruit Book, Anness Publishing ldt, Gummerus, Jyväskylä, Singapore 2001.


Question: Which country consumes the most bananas?

Banana

References on the topic elsewhere Fineli: Category:Fruits Category:Bananas Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Chili (the old colloquial equivalent of fur pepper) is a designation used for peppers (Capsicum) with high capsaicin content.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Chilies can be used as spices and raw materials in various dishes.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Many species suitable for spice use are poorly known and some are also endangered.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

All known peppers and chillies are edible.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Botanically defined, the fruit of chili is a berry.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Origin According to modern conception, chili was the first to begin to be cultivated by the ancient inhabitants of the eastern parts of present-day central Mexico more than 6000 years ago.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

[1] They are year-round, very diverse in appearance and growth habit.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The genus of peppers is currently informally divided into two main branches: the eastern, which are Brazilian, a very poorly known wild species, and the western, which are all commonly known as chillies, so to speak.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Characteristic features of the western branch include upward-growing, most often fiery, capsaicin-rich red berry fruit.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

In eastern species, the berry fruit is often yellow or orange, down-growing and not necessarily fiery at all.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Also, the external essence of plants can differ greatly from each other.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The color of chili depends on the carotenoids contained in it.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

In red chilli, colouring is mainly caused by capsantine and capsorubin.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Genetically, peppers are a controversial genus.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Its relatives in the family of moths (Solanaceae) include tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), eggplant (Solanum melongena), and tobacco (Nicotiana).


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Effects of chili on the body The active ingredient in Chili is capsaisinoids, the most famous of which is capsaicin, [2] which acts directly on the pain nerves in the oral region.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Capsaicins fool the body into thinking it is being harmed, but no physical harm actually occurs.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

When ingested, however, chilli causes pain that releases the body's own anaesthetic, endorphins.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Capsaicin is fat-soluble [2], so burning can be suppressed by fatty milk or bread products.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Water or juice, for example, do not help, but can spread capsaicin wider in the mouth and cause an additional burn.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Fireness of chillies The fierness of chilies is measured in a unit called scoville [2].


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The most reliably measured chili variety is Dragon's Breath, of which some 2.4 million scovilles have been measured.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The former record holder was Trinidad Morouga Scorpio, whose fierness had been measured at 1.2 to 2 million scovilles.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Fierness can vary abundantly between fruit picked from the same plant, so the figures are only indicative.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Scoville readings for chemically made capsaicin extract reach up to 16 million units.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Commercially, a zero-to-ten scale different from the scoville scale is used, where common peppers get a value of 0 and the former fieliest variety Habanero a value of 10.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

[3] More fiery than Habanero are denoted by adding a plus sign or more after ten, for example, for Naga Morich, denotes 10+++.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The firecliness of the chili is located in its pale seed brackets, not the seeds.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The most fiery are usually the smallest chillies.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

[2] Chili varieties Chili varieties by fiery: [2] [3] VarietyScientific NameDisciplinity (0-10 scale) Fireness (Scovilles) RamiroCapsicum annuum0<1 000OrtegaCapsicum annuum21,000 to 3,000Super RedCapsicum annuum3? JalapeñoCapsicum annuum32 500-8,000HomeraCapsicum annuum3~10,000Nattalycapsicum annuum3~10,000Hungarian WaxCapsicum annuum35,000—15,000Serrano [4] Capsicum annuum410,000-23,000Lemon Drop [5] Capsicum baccatum45,000—30,000Jalapeño GauchoCapsicum annuum4~50 000Super ChiliCapsicum annuum440,000 to 50 000Cayenne GoldenCapsicum annuum570,000 to 85,000Cheyenne [6] Capsicum annuum5<50,000Orange FlameCapsicum annuum5? Star flameCapsicum annuum5? MedinaCapsicum annuum5? Bubbacapsicum baccatum6? RawitCapsicum annuum6—7~100,000Aji Cristal [7] Capsicum baccatum6—7>100,000CAP 220 [8] Capsicum baccatum6-7>100,000Habanero Orange [9] Capsicum chinense10120,000—325,0007pod/PotCapsicum chinense10+100,000—500,000Naga Morich [10] (Jaga Capsicum chinense10++800,000—1 041 000Trinidad Moruga Scorpion [11] Capsicum chinense10+++2,000000Carolina Reaper (HP22B) Capsicum chinense10+++2,200,000 Using chili Chili is used both as a spice and in gas nebulizers.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

When handling chili, it is worth avoiding touching the face, eyes, nose or sexual areas.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Capsaicin in chilies causes a burning sensation on mucous membranes and sensitive skin.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

After processing chilies, it is worth rubbing into the hands, for example, cooking oil, and then wash them, which is removed from them by fat-soluble capsaicin.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The most fiery part of chilies is found in the white wall in the middle of the fruit, where the glands secreting capsaicin are located.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

If the chili is cut into pieces in food, can the seeds and the white portion if desired removed.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

The seeds themselves do not have firecliness, although capsaicin that causes firecliness may be located on their surface.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Seeds can be eaten without worry, as they do not cause stomach pains like the seeds of ordinary peppers.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

In India, a mixture of chili powder and engine oil made from the Naga Morich variety is used to process fences in farming areas, as rope fences so treated have proven to be an effective repellent for elephants.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

[12] Pests of chilies include powderworms (family Aleyrodidae), aphids (family Aphididae), woolly turtle moose (family Pseudococcidae), thippers (order Thysanoptera), vegetable mite (Tetranychus urticae) and peltolude (Lygus rugulipennis).


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

[13] [14] Around the world, some species of butterflies [15] and to some extent gastropods are also causing damage to chili plantations [14].


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

Aphid species living on chili include: Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis nasturtii, Aphis spiraecola (not in Finland), Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus ornatus, Myzus persicae, Neomyzus circumfleae Protaphis middletonii (not in Finland), Rhopalosiphoninus latysiphon (not in Finland) as well as Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale.


Question: When did chili peppers come to Finland?

Chili

[16] Sources References on the topic elsewhere (pdf) Category:Peppers Category:Spice Plants Category:Key articles in screening


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

A car is a wheeled vehicle for the transport of persons and goods by engine.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The designation “car” is shortened from the word automobile, consisting of the Greek prefix άυτο-, áuto-, self-, and the Latin word mobilis, movable.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Cars are used to travel to work, hobby places and resorts.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Much of the various transports are done by car, and they serve the authorities and, for example, warfare.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Cars are also used for roadless maintenance, such as ploughing.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

According to Finnish law, a car is “a motorised vehicle manufactured for the transport of persons or goods or for a specified special task, with at least four wheels or rollers and having a maximum design speed greater than 25 kilometres per hour”.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Lightweight quadricycles, i.e. moped cars, as well as tractors, motorworks and ATVs are also commonly excluded from the definition.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Etymology The Finnish word “auto” is an abbreviation of the word “automobile”.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The word is borrowed from international usage; for example, in English and French, the early designation of a car is “automobile”, and in Swedish “automobil”.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The word was created in the French language, but is based on ancient languages.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

“Car” is Old Greek and “mobile” is Latin, and these translates to some meaning “self-moving”.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The Swedish word “bil”, meaning car, is an abbreviation of the remainder of the automobil word.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

It derives from the word “piili” sometimes used in Finnish, which is also used, for example, in the connecting word “linjapiili”.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[2] Attempts have been made to invent Finnish designations for automobile to replace the foreign word automobile.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The most popular of these is probably humming.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The word was introduced by Abel Klami in a contest for the Finnish magazine in 1907.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

“Grumming” failed to replace the automobile word, but it has nevertheless been used somewhat, including in recent years.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

With the hyry initial part, other automobile designations have also arisen in the vernacular, such as “hyryhorse” and “hyryhergyri”.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

“Grumming” has often been perceived as somehow jokey or funny, and has recently appeared in pachinos and Donald Duck, among others.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The initial part of the word “hyry” is onomatopoetic, and describes the sound of a car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The remainder of “sysy” can also be interpreted as onomatopoetic, but can also be seen to be related to the impetus verb.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[3] Nicknames Cars have traditionally been given nicknames, but modern cars generally do not have them.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Finnish nicknames for cars have been collected by Janne Seppälä, who has about 4000 of them in store, and he has a dissertation on the topic of the popular designations of two- and four-wheel vehicles.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[4] History As early as the 15th century self-propelled vehicles were designed, and Leonardo da Vinci, among others, considered the use of spring power in vehicles.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Later, Isaac Newton developed the idea of a car moving with the power of a steam burst.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The first cars to emerge at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries were powered by a steam engine, and the earliest car is often said to be Nicolas Josef Cugnot's three-wheeled steam car of 1769.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

It was a three-wheeled working aircraft for military use at four kilometres per hour, whose duties included, in particular, pulling heavy guns.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Cugnot's steam car had a huge boiler in front of the front wheel, the water inside which could be vaporised by heating.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The steam increased the pressure and pushed a piston attached to the front tyre from one end outward, causing the car to jerk into motion.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The Cugnot steam engine was single-acting, meaning the steam engine only did the work in one direction, but the car's own kinetic energy pushed the piston back.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The first car had to be stopped a few times per hour to allow the boiler to collect enough steam pressure again.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The following year, Cugnot made his second car, which could already carry four passengers.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Unfortunately, he was also given the dubious honour of experiencing a motor vehicle accident as the first person, resulting in Cugnot losing funding for his inventions.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

For the liner, steam cars did not reach the line until 1832, when cars made by Goldsworthy Gurney began running between Gloucester and Cheltenham in Great Britain.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Rail influencers were understandably opposed to the prevalence of cars and managed to make car traffic much harder, for example, with bridge tolls more than ten times higher than horse carriages and a special red flag law under which cars came in front of always move pedestrian waving a red flag as a sign of danger.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

This law, repealed only more than 30 years later, of course, lowered car speeds in England considerably and slowed the development of automotive technology.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The predecessors of buses were popular around the world, but the steam engine was also used in lighter private cars with speeds averaging around 20km/h.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The Bollée family in particular assembled some very advanced steam cars between 1873 and 1883, the most famous of which is La Mancelle (1878), which is still in order.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

It had a chain drive, a steering wheel at the end of the vertical axle, and additionally the engine was positioned at the front, although the large boiler was wisely behind the cabin.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The weak characteristics of steam cars included a huge pressure cooker, high fuel consumption and, especially in the early stages, the large weight of the vehicle.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Alternatives to steam power were developed a lot, and electricity was the first solution.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The weak side of the electric car a century ago was the same as it is today: the high weight of the batteries and the difficulty of reaching an adequate operating radius.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Another option was to burn gas and convert the energy generated from it into mechanical kinetic energy.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The first automobile powered by gas was developed by Isaac de Rivas in 1804.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The main problem with a gas-powered car was storing gas.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

It was not until 1885 that the first car moving using a modern internal combustion engine, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen, was produced.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

It was manufactured by Karl F. Benz, founder of the famous Mercedes-Benz Group.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Almost at the same time another German, Gottlieb Daimler, was developing his own version of the internal combustion engine car, but credit for the first modern car is given to Benz.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

While Daimler co-operated with the German Nicolaus Otto, whose internal combustion engine type known as the input engine is still in use in most passenger cars today, Daimler developed its rotary engine more than three times faster.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

A little after the completion of Benz and Daimler cars, the automotive industry began to take staggering steps forward, and especially the French became famous for developing cars.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Among other things, the friction clutch, chain drive and differential gearbox were developed around this time.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Later, though, the chain drive changed to a rigid cardan drive and the differential was moved from the gearbox to the center stages of the rear axle.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

In the 1890s, a different type of engine was also announced, namely the Rudolf Diesel diesel engine.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

It used harder to burn diesel instead of petrol, and the fuel was not sprayed as a mixture with air, but both were fed separately.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Structure and operation The car has wheels connected by wheel retaining devices to the frame, as well as an engine for power and the necessary equipment for transferring power to the wheels and facilities for passengers, driver and goods.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

In addition, brakes are required to slow the car down.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Wheels and wheel support The wheels consist of a tyre and a rim which is attached to the wheel support devices via a wheel hub.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The car has at least four wheels, but large trucks can have eight wheels or more.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The steering angles of the wheels are also affected by the steering angles of the wheels, such as ploughing, camber and caster corners.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Frame, as well as bodywork and other superstructures Wheels associated with the frame by means of wheel support, as well as the engine, transmission and other key parts of the car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The frame may consist of a self-supporting basket, or it can be a separate structure to which the basket will be attached.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The bodywork forms a space in the car where passengers or other cargo can be placed.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The body's job is to protect cargo from wind, rain, flying particles and, in the event of a crash, the effects of a collision.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The body can cover all or part of the car, and the car may also have more than one body.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Instead of a basket, various pallets, tanks or banks can be used when transporting cargo.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Engine The engine is the source of power of the car: it generates the power the car needs from fuel or electric current.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Most cars use an internal combustion engine, more precisely a piston engine, which can run on gasoline or diesel.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Electric cars are also on the market.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

However, more common than those are hybrid cars, which use both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor to lower consumption.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Engine efficiency The thermal efficiency of the input engine is typically around 10— 25%, but can theoretically be significantly higher.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Engine compression ratio is a key factor in efficiency.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[5] In a hybrid car, the input engine reaches the level of the diesel engine.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

A diesel engine produces around 40% efficiency, lower CO2 but higher emissions of nitrogen oxides relative to an equivalent input engine car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[6] Car efficiency The efficiency of a passenger car equipped with an internal combustion engine is generally low.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[7] Up to 87% of passenger car fuel energy is lost to low engine efficiency, idle, or transmission.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Accessories such as air conditioning also take their part.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[8] Theoretically, the straightforward flat motion of a body moving on flat ground requires no energy at all.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

However, motion-resisting forces such as air resistance and rolling friction practically take up most of the energy released from fuel combustion.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Drivetrain and brakes A transmission is called a system by which the energy generated by the engine is converted into the rotational motion of the wheels.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The transmission is usually implemented mechanically, but hydraulic and electrical systems are also used.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Brakes are used to slow down the speed of the car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

When braking, the brakes convert kinetic energy into heat.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Almost all service brakes in cars are based on the use of friction.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Today, disc and drum brakes, which are operated pneumatically or hydraulically, are most common in cars.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Heavy vehicles may also have an eddy current brake or exhaust brake for downhill driving.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Controls The car has controls for the driver to turn the wheels and use the brakes, engine, clutch and gearbox to drive the car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Other devices Cars today have many additional devices designed to improve the driving and operating comfort of cars, as well as safety.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The most common attachments include car radio, CD player, GPS navigation device, air conditioning, central locking and traction control.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Various cars Cars are made for multiple uses.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Some of these are intended for the transport of passengers, some for the transport of goods.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The largest number of cars are passenger cars intended for the transport of a small number of people.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

One passenger car is usually suitable for travelling between two and nine people, including the driver.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Without exception, passenger cars also have a luggage compartment that can accommodate passengers' luggage.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The passenger car is the most used means of transport in terms of number and mileage.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

A taxi is a passenger car used to transport a passenger to a location requested by them for a fee.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The trucks are used to transport large cargoes of various substances and goods.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Trucks usually accommodate one or two people in addition to the driver.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Trucks can be used to carry loads of up to tens of tons.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Trucks with different main construction are suitable for various transport tasks.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Pallets can be used to transport gravel, waste or scrap metal, for example.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

For transporting logs, banks and a crane can be installed in the car to load or lift the logs.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

In refrigerated load baskets, perishable foods are transported in the warm.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The containers carry a variety of liquids, such as fuels, milk or chemicals.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The truck can be coupled with an actual trailer, semi-trailer, centre axle trailer or combinations of trailers to increase the car's transport capacity.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Vans are used to transport small quantities of goods.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

They usually accommodate only one or two passengers in addition to the driver.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Large numbers of people are transported on buses.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

They can accommodate between 10 and 60 people in addition to the driver.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Buses often also have a large luggage compartment.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Buses are means of public transport, and usually run some line, namely a designated route, on a specified timetable, but they also run charter runs.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

The SUV is designed to be driven on bad roads or even in forests, swamps and other terrain.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

SUVs have particularly high ground clearance, all-wheel drive and large wheels.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Ambulances have seats for stretchers and equipment for providing emergency medical care.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Ambulances also have alarm lights and siren to make driving faster than other traffic and deviating from traffic rules safer.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Fire trucks carry equipment needed to extinguish fires, protect the environment and save people.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Police cars are equipped with equipment needed for traffic control and other equipment needed for police duties.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

A variety of trailers can be attached to the cars, which can be used to transport things such as goods, a boat or another car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Caravans can also be pulled by car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

In the motorhome, the apartment part is connected to the car.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Records Smallest engine: Citroën 2CV (1948—1990) and Suzuki Fronte 1967 0.36l (375cm3) Shortest: Peel P50 (1962) - 1340mm (tricycle) Longest: Cadillac Fleetwood 75 (1975) - 6426mm Most powerful: Lotec Sirius (factory reported) 1200hp @ 6300rpm (mitres) 1334hp) SSC Aero 1287hp Maximum top speed: Bugatti Veyron Supersport, 431,072km/h (268mph), July 4, 2010 at the Ehra-Lessien test track [9] Maximum top speed: The fastest car with a V8 puddle-head engine is probably the Flatfire (Ford), which exceeded the speed considered a magic ghost limit of 300 miles per hour in 2002, is therefore faster than the aforementioned (Bugatti Veyron).


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

After considerable modifications, the engine is still a genuine side-valve engine and produces more than 650 horsepower.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[10] [11] Best selling: Volkswagen Bubble - 21 million (Toyota Corolla is the best selling under the same model name - 32 million cars) Least sold in the world (excluding special models): Lamborghini LM002, 301 cars in six years Car dealership in Finland Cars are usually used as a rule as a means of raising income, that is, its main function is to act as a means of transport to work.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Separately from this, the purchase of a new car is not economically viable.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Due to its resale value, the ownership car is less loss-making than one acquired by leasing.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[12] The average car lifespan is approximately 19±1 years.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[13] The most common cars last just this, with the more expensive brands staying in traffic for longer, but few of them for more than 25 years.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[13] The life cycle of a car may also end earlier if its engine is run out, so to speak.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[14] A rare antique or specialty car may prove to be a profitable investment target.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

On a world scale, there are plenty of rare cars in Finland, recently imported especially rare American cars.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Otherwise, the hobby vehicle culture has been in a strong position in Finland for many decades.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Major retail stores of new passenger cars in Finland include Veho Group, Kauppahuone Laakkonen, Delta Motor Group, MetroAuto Group, VV-car houses, User auto, Aro-Yhymmä, Rinta-Joupin Auto Dealer, Wetteri, Länäauto, Kamux, Jarmo Rinta-Jouppi, Bilia, Pörhön Auto Dealer and Autosalpa.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Turnover of enterprises in 2013 ranged from €1,041,000 to €129,000,000.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

(Auto-Latch).


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[15] Automotive sports Car racing is a subgenre of motorsport.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

In automotive sports, cars race in speed and accuracy.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

There are several species of car sports where different cars are driven on a variety of platforms.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Statistics There were estimated to have been 551000000 cars in the world in 2005.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

[16] Distribution of passenger cars in Denmark in 2005.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

In parentheses typical representatives of the car class.


Question: What year did Louis Renault build his first car?

Auto

Small cars 34.1% (Peugeot 208, Opel Corsa, Volkswagen Polo, Škoda Fabia) Family cars 27.5% (Peugeot 308, Opel Astra, Toyota Corolla, Ford Focus, Volkswagen Golf) Family cars 19% (Citroën C5, Ford Mondeo, Volvo S60 and V60, Audi A4, Volkswagen Passat Large) cars 3.2% (Audi A6, BMW 5 Series, Volvo S90 and V90, Mercedes-Benz E-Series) Representative level cars 0.2% (Jaguar XJ, Mercedes-Benz S-series, Audi A8, BMW 7 Series) Sports cars 0.3% (Mercedes-Benz SLK series, Porsche 911, Audi TT) Minivans 12.4% (Citroën C4 Picasso, Opel Z1 Ford Galaxy, Renault Scénic) Others 3.4% See also Motoring Automotive Facelift (product) Concept car Alternative fuels Passenger car Cars Car-carbon car Flight car Transport policy List of car brands Mixed car Superauto Cars in Finland CAN Bus Sources elsewhere (Dissertation of Cultural History, Department of History, Culture and Art Studies, University of Turku December 2013) * Category:19th century inventions Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Dubbing, or dubbing, refers to recording a soundtrack afterwards in films and television series.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Dubbing is often used when translating a film soundtrack into another language.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

If the audio track recorded in the description is of low quality, a new soundtrack can also be used to create an audio track.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

The word dubbing comes from the English word dub, which in turn is an abbreviation of double 'substitute actor'.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

[1] History In the early part of the history of sound cinema, dubbing was not possible for technical reasons.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

If a foreign language film was to be released, the entire film, or at least part of it, had to be played again in the local language.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Two separate versions of many films were made: for example, the Austrian film Leise flehen meine Lieder, completed in 1933, was also implemented a year later in an English version called Unfinished Symphony, for which the role of the film was also slightly modified.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Different language versions of the films could also be made during the first production, with the same scene already being shown in different language versions: for example, the 1932 German film F.P.1 antwortet nicht was produced in both German, French and English versions.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Post-processing and synchronization of sound only became possible with certain technological advances, the most important of which include the introduction of optical light, or film sound.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Light sound replaced previous disc sound technology, in which the film's sound world was captured on an audio disc separate from the image recording, whereby image and sound synchronization only occurred in a presentation situation.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In light sound technology, sound waves are in turn turned into light waves that can be recorded and synchronized directly to the film to the context of the image recording.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Because in the early days of light sound engineering, dialogue and background sounds were captured on film as a uniform sound mass, it was still not possible to dubbing the lines of individual actors; instead dubbing was the subject of the film's entire soundtrack.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

However, this problem was eliminated with new inventions, which made it possible to include many separate soundtracks in the film at the stage of production today.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

The most important invention in terms of dubbing was magnetic tape, which was being developed by the German company BASF in the mid-1930s.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Originally it was magnetized metal wire, and with the development of more flexible conductor materials, modern audio tapes were introduced.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Both recording audio on audio tape and reproducing it was initially possible only in a single channel, i.e. using the so-called mono recording.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

The audio tape of the film thus contained both dialogue, background sounds and music, all on a single soundtrack.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Consequently, when dubbing a foreign-language film, all sounds had to be re-recorded.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

The development of stereo sound brought some help to the situation, as it led to a better spatial impression.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

However, the audio was still only on a single two-channel tape, and audio channels could only be processed simultaneously.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

When the so-called multi-track recording was developed, it became possible to record the dialogue, background sounds and music separately on their own tracks and finally combine them into a single whole.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In the context of foreign-language films, the original dialogue track can thus be easily replaced by domestic dialogue.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In post-production, the dialogue is combined with other soundtracks.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Of course, other soundtracks can be edited to suit the relevant audience, for example by changing the volume or treble.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

It is common knowledge that sound has a clear effect on viewer perception.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Dubbing as a working process in film production Dialogue dubbing (ADR) Dialogue dubbing (ADR, engl.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Additional Dialogue Recording or Automated Dialogue Replacement) is a method used in post-production of films.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Dialogue dubbing is used when dialogue recorded on set is improved technically or substantively, when sound cannot be recorded when shooting, when new lines are added to dialogue, or when a film's dialogue track is replaced by a second-language dialogue track (dubbing).


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

The Foley Foley voices are, for the most part, the voices produced by the actors.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

The most common foley sounds are, for example, steps and rustles on clothes.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

These sounds are often made afterward because more sensitive microphones are needed to record them clean than for dialogue recording.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In recording, the sound is produced by a foley artist, who usually learns from a single take to the entire scene the character's movements and reproduces them over the image.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

However, several soundtracks are made, e.g. steps on one track, the sounds of clothes on the other.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Dubbing technique Dubbing is done at a time.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

There are two types of takeaways: so-called “on-take” and “off-take”.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

On-take means that the speaker is shown in the picture.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In this case, one must observe lip synchrony.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Off-take means the speaker is outside the picture.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

After recordings, dialogue is almost always fine-tuned by processing in different ways.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

For example, speech can be slowed down or accelerated to a certain limit without changing the pitch, giving the lip synchrony as accurate as possible.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

[2] A dubbing studio usually includes: an actor/voice actor, a director who selects the actors and directs, a dialogue cutter who takes care of lip synchronization, a recording artist who monitors the sound level and quality, and possibly also an executive producer who looks after of schedules.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Dialog is recorded as neutral and echoic as possible in sound quality, so that it could be used in different scenes.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

The reverb and status impression are added afterwards.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

The voice actor works in an echo-free ADR booth whose structure absorbs diffuse sounds.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

So-called live audio is also recorded while filming movies even today.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

However, it is not intended for performance, but as an auxiliary to post-production, director, cutter, recording artists, as well as actors.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Especially in outdoor scenes, unwanted background sounds may be recorded.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

The films are recorded in individual snippets called takes.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

The beginning and end of takes are always indicated by the character tone of the klaff.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In later dubbing, this sound helps keep the picture and audio tracks of the scenes simultaneous.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In the recording studio, the film is divided into these parts and the dialogue is recorded again.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In the post-production of sound, actors usually speak their own roles themselves.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Sometimes it can happen that the actor in the film does not speak on the audio tape himself, but is replaced by another speaker.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In countries where dubbing is commonly used, foreign actors often have their own titular voice actors each.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Dubbing in the world Due to its small market area, subtitling is preferred in Finland as a form of Finnish translation rather than dubbing, as dubbing is significantly more expensive than subtitling.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

The dubbing is used to translate animations mainly aimed at children.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Dubbing has begun in some cases for nationalist reasons, for example in Spain in 1941 the government of Francisco Franco enacted dubbing to be compulsory by the “Language Protection Act” following the example of Benito Mussolini's Fascist Italy.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

[3] A similar solution was also reached in Germany around the same time.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Elsewhere in Europe, translation by dubbing is considerably more common than in Finland and therefore the target audience is also adult viewers.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In Germany and Spain, for example, where there is a very highly developed dubbing culture, surrogate voices enjoy almost the same popularity as native actors.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Constantino Romero, for example, has become famous for dubbing into Spanish the lines of James Earl Jones, William Shatner, Clint Eastwood, Arnold Schwarzenegger and Roger Moore.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Also, in English-speaking countries, Great Britain and the United States, dubbing is widely done, especially for the needs of foreign-language documentaries.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In many Western countries, documentaries are more readily available in English dubbing than in the indigenous language.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Nordic countries Scandinavian dubbing is most common in Sweden.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

As a rule, only children's films and series are dubbed in the Nordic countries.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In Sweden and Finland, it is common to present a subtitled version in cinemas, but to dub it for a DVD release.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Examples of this are the stories of Narnia: The Sorcerer and the Lion, the Monster House and the Bridge to the Secret Land.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Iceland and Norway are dubbed roughly as much as in Finland.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Dubbing in Iceland became beached in early 1998, with Disney animation Mulan being the first film dubbed in Icelandic.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Dubbed the Icelandic language, Harry Potter did not receive a very favourable reception in the country, and the dubbing of Harry Potters in Icelandic was no longer extended from the Flaming Goblet onwards.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In proportion to the country's small population, Icelanders are among the most diligent moviegoers in the world, which is why dubbing is also profitable.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Rest of Europe German and Italian-language film and TV markets dub almost all foreign-language productions.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

However, subtitles are used in these countries when it comes to more artistic so-called art house films.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Not all movies are dubbed in French-speaking countries, however, the major TV channels show all international productions dubbed.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

The same applies to popular films in theatrical distribution.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In the former East Germany (GDR) there was essentially a similar practice to that of then West Germany, where state film studios clashed with film schools over dubbing.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Therefore, for some international films, German versions of both countries exist, which makes it possible to compare the quality.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In Austria, it is not usually dubbed itself, but almost only dubbies made in Germany are used because of the common language and the fact that German dubbies sometimes involve Austrian voice actors.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

However, many animated films such as The Little Mermaid and Shrek 2 have been dubbed separately in Austria as well.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

As a rule, subtitled original versions of films are shown in the Swiss cinema.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Films that are simultaneously in the repertoire of several cinemas in one city are also often presented in dubbed versions.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

The channels of Swiss state television show programmes dubbed for each language region of the country.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Often when watching a movie, you can choose between the original and the dubbed version.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In most of Europe's smaller countries, the number of viewers is so small that large-scale dubbing is not viable.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Children's programmes are shown in these countries with the exception of subtitled indigenous programmes.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Exceptions currently include Hungary, Slovakia and Latvia, where dubbing television programmes has punched itself through, if with more modest mediums than in many larger countries.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

This is also true for several films in theatrical distribution.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Dubbaus has a particularly long tradition in Hungary.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Bulgarian television airs many programmes dubbed, although often for austerity reasons purely subtitled.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In Greece, subtitles are common and only children's films and series are dubbed.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In Turkey, it is often carefully dubbed in the common language in which film schools are taught and spoken on television.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

However, the majority of Turks do not speak the general language, so the programmes dubbed with it give a meticulous and upper-style but also slightly pretentious effect.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In Russia and Poland, dubbing over an indigenous soundtrack is still partially used, through which indigenous voices still belong.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

However, this practice is about to go away.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

New films, especially Blu-ray productions, will be professionally dubbed.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

In the former Eastern Bloc countries, copyright laws were different.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Original tapes where soundtracks would have been segregated were usually not purchased from filmmakers; only a copy to be shown in cinemas was imported of the film into the country, which was then edited to fit the domestic market, using the cheapest and modest methods possible.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

A few or only one voice actor was selected, the original voices were silenced and a new soundtrack was recorded on top.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

Sometimes the films were just dubbed on in the third person i.e., voiced.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

This dubbing method, which combines a limp narrator voice and an original voice from underneath, requires the viewer to get used to and is now outdated.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

North America Dubbing is rare in the United States and is used almost solely in the context of Japanese anime.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

The dubbing

All Japanese anime is aired in English dubbed unless the program is aired by a channel specializing in prime-language programs.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In Canada, French-speaking Québec, on the other hand, almost all television shows are broadcast dubbed in French.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Programs are dubbed partly on-site in Québec French and partly used French dubbies.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Bilingual Quebecians like subtitles more because they understand the original language as well.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Previously, films with French dubbies only aired in Canada, but Québec French is now favoured.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

For this reason, there are two different dubbing versions of some films.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In cinemas, on the other hand, both dubbed and subtitled versions of the films are shown.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Latin America Of all the Spanish-speaking countries in the world, only Spain and Mexico are dubbed as a rule.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Original soundtracks and subtitles are favored in Latin America, with the exception of children's films.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

However, almost all films, series and documentaries are dubbed on television, and dubbies are usually also intended for the Spanish market where standard Spanish is used.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In Brazil, television shows are usually dubbed, while films shown in theaters are subtitled, excluding children's films.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Asia India dubbing is common.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Due to the large number of different languages (e.g., Hindi, Malay, Tamil and Telugu) in the Indian subcontinent that are not understood in other parts of the country, Indian programs are also dubbed for intra-country circulation.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In Japan and the People's Republic of China, international films and television shows are dubbed.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

In addition, proprietary productions are dubbed in English for international markets.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Chinese people have had a strong tradition of dubbing since the 1930s, and Chinese dubbies are very skilled in conveying meaning and lip synchronization.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

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Dubbing is also common in Thailand, the Philippines, Mongolia, Pakistan and Vietnam, while subtitles are preferred in multilingual Singapore, Indonesia and Malaysia.


Question: What was the first TV program to be dubbed into Finland?

Voice recording

Dubbing began in Iran in 1946 as films beached the country.