Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates had also begun to doubt the loyalties of the people of the city of Khios.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

He ordered the children of the overlords of Khios to be taken hostage and forced the residents to pay a fine of 2,000 talents.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The Chhiossians collected the required sum, among other things, from the treasures of their temples.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates claimed they had paid too little and forcibly displaced the entire population of the city into the Black Sea region.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

This was a clear example of what would happen to anyone who would oppose Mithridates.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The Ephesians then rose up in rebellion against Mithridates.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Other Ionian cities followed after Ephesus.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates sent an army to defeat the rebels.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates declared all cities still loyal to him free and forgave the debts of those cities.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Conspiracies were uncovered in Lesbos and Smyrna, whose members Mithridates ordered tortured and eventually executed.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

A conspiracy involving 80 persons was also uncovered in Pergamon.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

After all, 1600 pro-Roman people were killed in the Mithridatee purges.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

[21] Sometime in the year 86 BC.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

late or year 85 BC.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

in the beginning, Kos and Knidos also gave up Mithridates when Lucullus arrived on the scene with the fleet.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The fleets of Rhododans and Lucullus threatened Mithridate's domination of the Aegeian Sea.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Together they drove Mithridate's supporters from Colophon and Khios.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

An army led by Roman warlord Gaius Flavius Fimbria [22] overran and plundered Nicomedia and Kyzikos.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Fimbria also thoroughly defeated Mithridatee's forces on several occasions.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates himself was forced to flee from Pergamon to the town of Pitane in Aiolis.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Lucullus was with his fleet off the city, but was unwilling to help Sulla's opponent.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates was thus able to escape by sea.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Fimbria then marched across Lesser Asia and allowed the destruction of territories of cities that did not surrender to him.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

[23] The Treaty of Dardanos Mithridates was ready for peace.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates sent Archhelaios to Sulla to negotiate.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Sulla and Mithridates finally met in Dardanos in 85 BCE.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Under the peace agreement, Mithridates paid 2,000 talents in compensation.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

He was also forced to give up part of Paflagonia.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The kings of Bithynia and Cappadocia regained their kingdoms.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates was allowed to keep Pontos and his Black Sea kingdom.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The peace terms were favourable to Mithridates because Sulla had greater problems in the west.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

His opponent Marius had come to power in Rome.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The troops raiding the Fimbrian countryside surrendered when Sulla's army approached them.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Fimbria committed suicide after his troops left him.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Sulla rewarded cities that had opposed Mithridates, such as Rodos and Khio, as well as declaring these “friends of the Roman people”.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Other towns pay reparations, and Sulla installed garrisons in them.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Slaves freed by Mithridatee were ordered to return to their owners.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Towns that opposed Sulla were severely punished.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The city walls were demolished and residents were sold into slavery.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Sulla also ordered a forced tax of 20,000 talents to be paid.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

[24] In Rome, many did not think the terms of the peace treaty were harsh enough.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

On the other hand, it had become clear that Mithridatee's army was no match for the Roman legions.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Even Fimbria's unruly army had defeated Mithridatee's army.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Sulla left for Asia Lucius Licinius Murena and two legions.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Within a couple of years, Murena claimed that Mithridates was planning another war.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

After the First Mithridatean War, several rebellions broke out in the Mithridatean Empire.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates started recruiting soldiers because of this.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Murena believed Mithridate intended to start a new war against Rome and attacked Pontos.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

In the Second Mithridatean War, Mithridates initially defeated Murena's forces, but Sulla - who had risen to become the single ruler of Rome - ordered Mithridates to cease the war effort.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates had defeated Murena's forces and restored his reputation.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

The period 83 BC.—80 BC.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Mithridates put down rebellions in the Black Sea region.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

[25] [26] See also Sulla's First Civil War Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = John Anthony Crook et.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

al.| title= The Cambridge Ancient History IX, The last age of the Roman Republic| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1994| id=ISBN 0521256038| language = Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pekka Tuomisto| title = Roman dictators| publisher = Karisto| year = 2003| id = ISBN 951-23-4442-4}} Citation error, replace {{cite book| author = Arthur Keaveney| title = Sulla, the last republican| publisher = Routledge| year = 2003| title = Sulla, the last republican| publisher = Routledge| year = 2003| 5| id = ISBN 0-415-33660-0| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = François Chamoux| title= Hellenistic Civilization| publisher = Blackwell Publishing| year = 2003| id = ISBN 0-631-22241-3| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

References Category:91.17 Antique Category:Roman Wars Category:First Century BCE.


Question: When did the Kingdom of Pontos experience its first defeat?

First Mithridatean War

wars


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Involitional psychiatric hospitalization in Finland

Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization, or so-called forced treatment [1], is a psychiatric hospital treatment enabled by the Mental Health Act in Finland, where the patient's own will is only partially taken into account when making decisions relating to treatment.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

This article is only about standard psychiatric hospitalization, and this does not address the examination and treatment of the mental state of the person accused of a crime regardless of will.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

During 2013, 8,330 patients, or 29 percent of patients, entered psychiatric inpatient care with a coercive referral.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[2] Conditions for prescribing involuntary treatment Pursuant to Article 8 of the Mental Health Act, a person of legal age may be ordered, irrespective of his will, to psychiatric hospitalisation only if all of the following three paragraphs are met simultaneously: [3] 1.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

A person is found to be mentally ill to be established on medical grounds.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Requires careful study.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Refers to a serious mental disorder in which the sense of reality is significantly reduced: Different forms of schizophrenia Delirium Mood psychoses Bipolar disorder Organ and other delusional disorders Severe manifestations of dementia Other psychosis (caused by amphetamine use, for example) 2.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

A person is in need of treatment due to his mental illness in such a way that failure to provide treatment would either substantially exacerbate his mental illness.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

For example, does not use their appropriate medication.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

and/or Seriously endanger his health or safety at risk of suicide Financial security threatened Leaving his physical illness (diabetes for example) untreated.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The ability to take care of oneself decreased.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

and/or Seriously endanger the health or safety of other persons Wider than the mere threat of violence.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

May include, for example, endangering the growth and development of the child.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Other mental health services are inadequate or unsuitable for use.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

For example, a patient does not consent to any kind of treatment or is at serious risk of suicide.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The patient is consenting to outpatient treatment, but it is not enough to prevent an exacerbation of the disease.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

A person under the age of 18 may be ordered to undergo independent psychiatric treatment on the grounds of a serious mental disorder as well.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

In the case of a young person, therefore, the criteria for actual mental illness should not necessarily be met.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Delivery, observation and prescribing a decision to prescribe an involuntary psychiatric hospital always requires at least two (usually three) different physicians to address the patient's need for care.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

For the treatment of people outside the hospitalthe prescription process is most commonly initiated by a medical center doctor.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Also, any other legalized doctor can prepare a referral independent of the patient's will.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

There are different established formulas for a referral, but in principle, even if a free-form referral on blank paper can be interpreted as having the force of law if it meets the requirements of the reasoned (M1) form [4] Medical centre doctor (or other doctor) After receiving information about the person ( at the reception, from relatives) whereby the conditions for prescribing involuntary psychiatric hospitalization are likely to be met: Is obliged to act (mtL 29§) [5] Invite the client (if not already at the reception) for an examination if the Customer refuses or in urgent need in the case (for example, the risk of suicide) makes a request for official assistance to the police, who, on the basis of section 31 of MtL, picks up the client at the doctor's office.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Does a personal study.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

If necessary, use other sources (medical record, relatives, etc.) in assessing the condition of the subject.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

If it is assessed that the subject is likely to be (therefore only suspicion is sufficient) in need of involuntary psychiatric hospitalization, draw up an observation moment (form M1) which is a reasoned statement as to why the doctor assesses that the patient is in need of treatment regardless of his or her own at will.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

(MtL 9§) [6] A referral for involuntary care (M1) is valid for three days after the examination.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

In the psychiatric unit, the doctor receiving the patient Preferably a specialist in psychiatry.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Assess whether conditions for involuntary psychiatric hospitalization are likely to exist.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

If so assessed, he will take the patient to the hospital for observation.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

(mTL 9§) [6] If the receiving physician determines that the conditions are unlikely to be met, a solution in which the patient remains in treatment on a voluntary basis or even discharged.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Can't be the same as the referral doctor.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The doctor in charge of observation May be the same as the doctor who admitted the patient to the hospital, but not the same as the referral doctor.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Often a department doctor (preferably a psychiatrist).


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Daily evaluate the patient's condition.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The conditions are still likely to be met, otherwise observation will have to be abandoned and the patient may continue their treatment voluntarily or discharge.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Draws up an observation statement (Form M2) No later than the fourth day of admission to observation (Form M2) The practice has established that the date of entry of a patient with an M1 referral is not counted as the actual day of observation (the patient may have entered the ward, for example, at 23:50).


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

(mTL 10§) [7] Before making an observation statement, the doctor in charge of observation should consult the patient's own opinion on the need for treatment.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

(MtL 11§) [8] The doctor who makes the prescribing decision Preferably a specialist in psychiatry in the position of chief medical officer.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Neither the doctor who made the M1 referral nor the doctor responsible for the observation.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Draws up a decision to prescribe treatment (form M3) on the basis of the observation moment, opinion and medical record.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

One may also decide for a justifiable reason unlike, for example, the doctor who has been responsible for observation suggests.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Does not require an in-person meeting.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The decision allows the patient to remain in psychiatric hospital care regardless of their own accord or alternatively of their own accord or even be discharged.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Also, a patient who has been hospitalized on his own volition may be assigned to involuntary psychiatric hospitalization.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

In these cases, the attending physician may, for a justifiable reason, act like a doctor receiving a hospital and place the patient under observation in the hospital (MtL 13§) [9].


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Probable conditions in such a situation, of course, must be met.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

According to the Mental Health Act, the decision to prescribe treatment must be communicated to the patient without delay [8].


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

This is usually interpreted as the need to inform the patient on the date of the decision to prescribe the treatment.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

If the person who has been prescribed for treatment is a minor, the decision to prescribe treatment is immediately subjected to confirmation by the county court.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[8] The notification is often carried out by a medical staff member.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

At the time of service, it is usually necessary to state at least: Content of the decision Basics of the decision The term of validity of the decision 3/6 months may be dissolved before the decision author's right of appeal The patient should confirm his or her service.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The signature is therefore not a statement on whether the patient agrees or disagrees with the content of the decision.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

If the patient refuses to sign the decision, two staff representatives can confirm that the notification has taken place with their signatures.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Court of Appeal The patient has the right to appeal his decision to prescribe treatment to the Administrative Court in accordance with the location of the psychiatric activity unit.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Appeal to the decision is not an obstacle to the implementation of the decision.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The appeal period is two weeks after the patient has been notified of the decision to prescribe treatment.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[10] The free-form letter of appeal should at least state: The decision to which the appeal is being appealed (a copy of which must be included).


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The grounds on which the appeal is sought.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Name and home county of the appellant.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

(Name and contact details of the prospective trustee) If necessary, the patient has the opportunity to receive support in drafting a letter of appeal, for example from the Patient Ombudsman.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Public legal assistance can also be obtained for drawing up a complaint either from the Legal Aid Office or from a private lawyer.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

An appeal may also be submitted to the hospital's chief medical officer in charge of psychiatric care.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

After the appeal process has been dealt with, the patient has the right, if unhappy with the content of the decision, to appeal to the KHO.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

And still being unhappy with the content of the decision will address his appeal to the European Court of Human Rights.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

If a patient considers that he has been treated inappropriately, they have the opportunity, for example, to prepare a reminder to the hospital management.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The Constitution of Finland includes the principle of inviolability of individual freedoms as an integral part of the Finnish Constitution.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Restriction of individual freedoms based on the Constitution is governed by references to the Constitution (e.g.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

the Criminal Code and Mental Health Act).


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

On the basis of the reference provisions, it is possible to limit fundamental constitutional rights when certain conditions are met.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Another law restricting the performance of therapeutic measures restricting patient self-determination is the Law on Amendment of the Mental Health Act (2002), which defines the therapeutic measures that psychiatric patients in involuntary care can be used by apply.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Being monitored or prescribed for treatment in hospital does not automatically lead to a restriction of self-determination; each restriction measure must be taken (by the doctor) a separate decision taking a position on the measure: the reasons for the duration of the operation and its estimated duration on the effect on the patient's treatment.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

In addition to this, the doctor must note in the medical record his own name and in part the names of those who performed it.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

In addition, some of the restrictions on sovereignty must be subject to a separate written decision (=restriction of contact and takeover of property), which also include the duty of service and the right of appeal.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The Act Amending the Mental Health Act defines such measures; a decision taken regardless of the will of the patient: [11] On treatment or research Restriction of freedom of movement From therapeutic apprehension Isolation from other patients Tying up Property Acquisition of Property and Consignments Inspection of Personal Inspection or Survey Restriction of contact Other types of actions leading to the restriction of personal liberty are not known in amending the MTL of the Act and are therefore unlawful.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The Act on Amending the Mental Health Act and the accompanying STM guidelines also pretty accurately define the conditions for the procedures and, among other things, the obligation to record, perform, supervision, etc.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The Act Amending the Mental Health Act and its “guideline for application” prohibit the use of therapeutic measures limiting self-determination for disciplinary or punitive purposes.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The law amending the Mental Health Act requires psychiatric operating units to independently establish separate operating guidelines regarding limiting patient sovereignty.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Prevalence of coercive treatment In 2013, 6.1 per cent of people who underwent forced treatment had been isolated, 3.1 per cent had had a resting bandage, 3.1 per cent had received an involuntary injection and 1.7 per cent had been held on.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Coercive measures were most commonly used when a patient was in treatment for schizophrenia, schizotypal personality, or delusional disorder.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[2] Continuation of treatment The prescribed treatment may, based on the previously presented decision to prescribe treatment, be kept under psychiatric care regardless of their will for up to 3 months.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[12] If before this period is met, it seems obvious that it is necessary to continue involuntary psychiatric hospitalisation and no further observation opinion should be issued with the patient.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The observation statement shall determine whether the conditions for prescribing treatment, regardless of will, still exist.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

A new period of observation may be considered a prerequisite for the adoption of an observation opinion, although there is no clear decision or guidance on this matter.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[12] The continuation or discontinuation of treatment shall be drawn up by the chief medical officer in charge of psychiatric care at the hospital or, if hindered or inhibited, by another specialist in psychiatry assigned primarily to the task.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[12] The decision to prescribe treatment should be communicated promptly to the patient.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[12] The decision to continue treatment should immediately be subordinated to the County Court (the wording of the law); thus, effectively the Administrative Court.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[12] Under the decision to continue treatment, the patient may be kept in treatment for up to six months regardless of his or her will.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[12] If the continuation of treatment even after this deadline seems necessary, the conditions for prescribing treatment should be clarified, starting with a new M1 referral, which must be authored by a doctor outside the psychiatry unit (for example, a medical centre practitioner).


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[12] Enforcement and Appeal For more detailed information relating to the appeal, see the Right of Appeal section of this article.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The Act to Amend the Mental Health Act specifies the enforcement of the restriction on self-determination can begin immediately after decisions are made, and a possible appeal does not impose an obstacle to this.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[13] The Act Amending the Mental Health Act defines four appealable limitation measures, which are: [14] Prescribing treatment to be administered regardless of will Continuation of involuntary care Taking possession of property Restriction of contact Of these ( measures based on a written decision) the patient has the right to appeal to the Administrative Court in accordance with the location of the psychiatric unit treating him or her within two weeks of notification of the decision.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[14] When making decisions, the patient's opinion should be heard and the opinion should also be recorded in patient documents.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

However, no record of appeal may be made in patient documents.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Termination of involuntary treatment on the basis of the Mental Health Act independent psychiatric hospitalisation must be abandoned immediately if it becomes apparent when treatment is administered that conditions for treatment regardless of will no longer exist.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[15] In situations where involuntary psychiatric care is waived, there are two different options: The patient is continued on a voluntary basis, whereby the patient and the attending physician, by their signatures, confirm the matter in the section reserved for the M3 form.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The patient is written out of the hospital, in which case a separate service does not need to be confirmed by a signature.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Monitoring and supervision Self-monitoring The psychiatric activity unit shall keep a separate list of measures restricting patient self-determination [16].


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The doctor who prescribed the operation is responsible for ensuring that the entry should be made in the listed list.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Separate list shall include: [16] Patient identification Quality and duration of restriction Name of physician who has prescribed the restriction In part of the measures, also the name of the person who carried out the restriction (s) The name of the person who carried out the recording The function of the separate list is to act as a source of self-control by the operating unit of measures limiting self-determination.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Any measure that restricts self-determination should also be entered in the patient's medical record.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Supervision by the County Board The Psychiatric Operations Unit must submit a bi-weekly compilation of specific restrictions on patients (isolation from other patients and sequestration) to the county physician.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

In addition to the identification of the patient, the quality of the procedure, its basics, the name of the doctor who prescribed it, the beginning and end time of the procedure, and the overall duration of the procedure.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

If isolation from other patients has lasted more than 7 days or sequestration for more than 4 days, the attending physician shall submit a separate report to the county physician on the grounds for which the duration of the procedure exceeds the mentioned alert limits.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The duties of the county physician include overseeing the activities of psychiatric activity units and, if necessary (or, for example, as scheduled), he may conduct inspection visits to the operating units.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

History Until 1978, referral for forced treatment could be decided by the patient's spouse or other next of kin or, for example, the municipal social director or other authority.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

There were no time limits on the decision; treatment could last until the doctor determined that the patient was healthy.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

This may have meant decades.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The patient had no say and no rights enshrined in law.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[17] In 1978, the Mental Illness Act was reformed in Finland, followed by an unhindered doctor's opinion and 2-3 physicians' assessment of the necessity of continuing treatment.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

The law safeguarded the patient's human rights, but also the right to treatment.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

[17] See also Psychiatric Hospital Psychiatric Prisoner Hospital Sources Finlex v.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

1991: Mental Health Act Finlex v.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

2002: Law amending the Mental Health Act Ministry of Health and Social Welfare v.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

2002: Memorandum related to the above laws/“Application Guide” Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jouko Lönnqvist etc.| title = Psychiatry| location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Duodecim| year = 1999| isbn = 951-656-001-6}} References Note Although law The amendment of the Mental Health Act has already entered into force at the beginning of June 2002, its application was instructed only by a memorandum sent by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (which was dated the day before the law came into force).


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Considered a guideline for application, the memo states on its cover sheet the memo is merely “preliminary reflection” on the application of the law.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Among other things, this is why the article's bibliography is quite incomplete.


Question: When can a person be prescribed compulsive therapy?

Category:Psychiatry * Category:Supervision Category:Key articles of screening en:Involuntary treatment


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

The Inc.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

(sometimes also Y!)


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

is an American company providing internet services.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

The company is headquartered in Sunnyvale, California.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo was founded by David Filo and Jerry Yang in January 1994.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

In October 2005, the website received approximately 3.4 billion daily visitors.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

According to Alexa Internet measurement Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

was the fourth most popular website on the internet in the fall of 2011 [1] after being the most popular website in 2006.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

offers email, instant messenger, search engine, subject directory, shopping, sports and many other internet services, among others.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

On February 1, 2008, Microsoft announced it had made a proposal to buy Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

At $44.6 billion, but in May it pulled back its offer.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

In an M&A, Microsoft tried to sue search engine company Google, which strongly dominates the internet's burgeoning advertising market.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo means a happy exclamation in Finnish as well as a humble, boorish person.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

The father of Mr Filo, the co-founder of the company, had called this as a child 'little yahoo.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

[2] Human Rights Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

cooperates closely with the Chinese authorities on the monitoring and censoring of information by Chinese citizens.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

By the way Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

would not be able to work in china.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Chinese journalist Shi Tao was given a ten-year prison sentence in 2005 by Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

had informed the Chinese authorities of one email sent by Shi Tao abroad.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

In an e-mail message, Shi Tao had said China had tightened media maneuvering around the anniversary of the Tiananmen massacre.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Microsoft takeover bid Microsoft made a takeover bid for Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

from 1 February 2008.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Microsoft's bid was a soaring $44.6 billion, or about 30 billion euros.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Price surpassed Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

62% of the current stock market price.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

With this deal, Microsoft would have been meant to undermine Google's dominance as an internet search engine.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Google also shakes up much of the ad revenue.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

The Board of Directors investigated Microsoft's offer but did not agree to the deal.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Microsoft still expressed in 2009 that it was interested in Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

but has since created his own search engine service, Bing.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

[3] Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Websites and Services Yahoo.com Internal Services Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

360° Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

7 Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Answers Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Ask Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Autos Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Chat — a wide range of different browser-powered chat services Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Directory — a hierarchical directory of web pages from Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Finance — includes stock exchange rates and other related Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Games — features online games that can be played with other people around the globe Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

GeoCities — Offers free homepage space.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

The service was discontinued on October 26, 2009.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Groups — mailing lists for Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Mail — Provides a mailbox and a yahoo.com terminal email address.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Mail also includes image sharing, spam protection, email filters and multi-mailbox capability.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Maps — map service Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Messenger — an instant messaging program that allows you to send messages, images and audio to other users of the service Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Music — music videos and internet radio from Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

News — news search Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Personals Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Photos Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Search — been for a long time one of the internet's most popular search engines My Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

— a service where you can make your “own page” that can be filled with your preferred Yahoo! Services Finnish Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Yahoo's other services blo.gs — list of recently updated blogs del.icio.us Dialpad.com — phone company Flickr.com — popular image-sharing site WebJay.org — playlist sharing Leak of a donation guide In December 2009, the exposé site Wikileaks released Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

The Compliance Guide for Law Enforcement, compiled by the United States authorities, in which it informs the authorities of the information it collects and discloses about its users, including prices.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

[4] According to the documentary Yahoo!


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

retains information about IP addresses logged into its services for a year.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Sources Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When was Yahoo founded?

Yahoo

Category:NASDAQ-100 Index Category:Search Engines Category:Link Libraries Category:US listed companies Category:Key articles in screening


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Rostock is a port city on the shores of the Baltic Sea in northern Germany.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

It is the largest city in the state of Mecklenburg-Etu-Pomerania.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Rostock is located in the middle of the north coast of Mecklenburg around the Warnow River.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

It is a so-called besiege-free city (), meaning it does not belong to any of the German districts ().


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

At the 2011 census, Rostock had 200265 inhabitants.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

[1] In the Middle Ages Rostock belonged to the Hanseatic League.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The University of Rostock, founded in 1419, was the first university in Northern Europe.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Rostock is twinned with Turku.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Geography Rostock is located in the middle of the northern part of the state of Mecklenburg-Etu-Pomerania.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The town spreads out on both sides of the lower reaches of the Warnow River.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

About 16 kilometres north of the historic centre lies the maritime borough of Warnemünde.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The urban boundary of Rostock, excluding the coast, is 92.9 km long.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

There are 18.5 km of coastline in the city.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The Warnow River flows in the town on a 16-mile journey.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The highest point in Rostock is located about 49 metres above sea level in the Biestow district.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

History Early History In the 10th century the Vendis established a settlement by the Warnow River.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

They gave it the name Roztoc, from which derives the current name of the city, Rostock.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

King Valdemar I of Denmark set fire to the settlement in 1161.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Later, German traders arrived in the area.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The area was divided into three separate towns, Altstadt, Mittelstadt and Neustadt.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Hanseatic League Rostock's rise as a substantial market town originated with the city's annexation to the Hanseatic League.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

By the 14th century, the town had become an important port city of 12,000 inhabitants.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Rostock was the largest city in Mecklenburg at the time and a considerable number of ships sailing in the Baltic Sea were built there.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

In 1419, the first university in northern Europe, the University of Rostock, was founded in the city.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

14th and 17th century In the late 15th century, the dukes of Mecklenburg managed to bring Rostock under their rule, which earlier had been practically independent.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The dukes took advantage of a failed uprising known as Domfehde, which was put in motion by the city's underprivileged people.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The ensuing disputes between the dukes and city fathers led to the erosion of Rostock's economic and political power.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Rostock's strategically significant location did not go unnoticed by its enemies.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The Danes and Swedes occupied the town twice, first during the Thirty Years' War (1618—48) and later in 1700—1721.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The period of occupation of Rostock, which lasted for about a decade by the Napoleon-led France, ended in turn in 1813.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

19th century In the first half of the 19th century, Rostock reclaimed the economic clout it had lost.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Its means included a lively wheat trade and shipbuilding.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The town grew both in terms of population and area.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Around 1900, two new substantial neighbourhoods were built in the town to cater to the needs of the growing population, Steintor-Vorstadt and Kröpeliner-Tror.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

During the 20th century, significant aircraft factories were established in Rostock, such as Ernst Heinkel's Heinkel Flugzeugwerke factory in 1922.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Aircraft construction ceased in the city at the end of World War II.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Large portions of the city centre were destroyed by aerial bombing carried out by the Allies of World War II in 1942 and 1945.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

As a result of reconstruction and expansion, Rostock became an important industrial centre in the German Democratic Republic, or GDR.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

The town's harbour was the main ports of the GDR.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

After German reunification in the 1990s, Rostock lost its privileged port city status and became one of many ports of unified Germany.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Despite major infrastructure efforts, the city's economy faded in the 1990s.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Rostock's population also dropped from about 260,000 inhabitants in 1989 to around 200,000 in 2006.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

Attractions University Square and Fountain of the Desire for Life (Universitätsplatz und Brunnen der Lebensfreude) Pedestrian area Kröpeliner Straße St. Mary's Church (Marienkirche) with astronomical clock dating from 1472 St. Nicholas Church (Nikolaikirche) 14th century City Hall ( oldest parts dating back to 1290) The medieval city wall, with the four remaining city gates named after President Kekkonen from the street Urho-Kekkonen-Straße Sports from Rostock are among others.


Question: Where is Rostock located?

Rostock

following sports clubs: FC Hansa Rostock Sources on the topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

Rotuaari is a pedestrian street in the centre of Oulu.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

The section of Kirkkokatu between Saaristonkatu—Pakkaroomeenkatu was converted into a pedestrian street in the summer of 1987.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

The pedestrian street idea had been tried before, in the autumn of 1967, in which case the street was called Visiscross, but due to the resistance of the merchants, the experiment was not continued.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

The title contest for the name of the street was won by Matti Kess' name proposal Rotuaari.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

Rotuaari is an old Oulu dialect word for the French word for pavement (trottoir).


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

[1] Rotuaari stone ball is well known in other places than Oulu.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

The work commonly known as Rotuaari's ball is a well house sculpture in the central square designed by Seppo Valjus.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

Previously Rotuaari was known by several different names.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

The name Lihatiski disappeared when a pedestrian street was launched from this part of Kirkkokatu originally running between Saaristonkatu and Pakkaroomeenkatu.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

Today Rotuaari also includes part of Kaupurienkatu.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

Currently Rotuaria is being extended to Isokatu.


Question: Where does Rotuaari get its name from?

Rotuaari

Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:Streets of Oulu Category:Oulu attractions Category:Pokkinen


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

The tobacco industry consists of individuals and companies that grow, prepare for sale, transport and sell tobacco in its various forms.


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Worldwide, more than 100 million people derive their living from the tobacco industry [1].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

The three largest multinational tobacco companies in the world are Altria Group as its main product Marlboro, British American Tobacco and R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company [2].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Philip Morris had over $47 billion in revenue in 1999 [3].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

In developing countries, the tobacco industry is of great economic importance [4].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Labour costs are low in many developing countries and good farming conditions [4].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Tobacco Industry in Justice The first trials of individual people with claims for compensation against tobacco companies began in 1954 [5].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

In Finland, the international tobacco industry felt tobacco trials were so threatening that it spent a lot of money on obtaining and lobbying witnesses [6].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Production European Union Production Support The European Union spends around 1 billion euros annually to support tobacco production.


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

The subsidy targets around 135,000 farmers and amounts to around €7,300 per person.


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Most of the farmers live in Greece and Italy.


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Other farmlands include e.g.


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Spain, France, Germany and Hungary.


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

[7] Major producing countries The largest producing country China consumes a total of around 2.2 trillion cigarettes per year, which is 40% of the world's total consumption [8].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Tobacco is grown in more than 100 countries and the most favourable breeding conditions are between 50 northern and 40 southern latitudes [9].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Major producers Illicit tobacco trade It is estimated that around 330 billion illicit cigarettes were smoked worldwide in 2008, which represents 6% of total global tobacco consumption [10].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Sometimes fake cigarettes are impossible to distinguish from genuine products.


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Counterfeit cigarettes may contain prohibited additives and pose a greater health risk than genuine products [11].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

It is difficult for the authorities to catch illegal tobacco manufacturers because temporary factories are well hidden and can be disposed of quickly [11].


Question: Which country is the largest producer of butter?

Tobacco industry

Sources Category:Tobacco Category:Industry


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Homosexuality (from the Greek word μός 'same' and from the Latin word sexus' gender ') refers to a sexual orientation in which an individual's sexual interest, romantic thoughts, feelings, or both are directed solely or primarily towards his or her own gender.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

A homosexual woman is also called a lesbian.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[1] [2] The word gay in the sense homosexual is mostly used for men, and the corresponding word used for female homosexuals is lesbian.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In the scientific community, homosexuality is today considered a variation of normal and positive sexual orientation.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[3] The normality of homosexuality is justified by the fact that it has been widely or more widely observed than what was believed in humans, and that it is a normal variation when sexual orientation is outlined as a continuum (heterosexuality, bisexuality, homosexuality) [4].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

However, there is no full consensus that homosexuality is not a pathology. [5].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

According to modern conception, homosexuality is not a choice, but has a biological basis.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

On the other hand, for a bisexual, homosexual behavior is a choice between two options.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Homosexuality is prohibited in several countries and homosexual acts can even carry the death penalty.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

However, homosexuality has gained widespread acceptance in several Western countries recently, and homosexual acts are no longer punishable and homosexuality is no longer considered a psychiatric disorder.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Homosexuals in several countries can register a partnership or enter into a marriage.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Science has not been able to exhaustively answer what causes homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[6] Biological causes research has found brain structural abnormalities in homosexuals [7] and the prevailing explanation pattern of homosexuality is associated with hormone exposures before birth.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

It has been proven through animal studies that individuals' sexuality can be modified by exposure to hormones or by inhibiting the action of hormones.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[8] History The attitude of Judaism and the Catholic Church, as well as later Christian denominations, towards homosexual acts comes not only from scripture, but from the philosophy of Stoicism.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In homosexual acts as well as masturbation, the seed is wasted, but all the more so is the importance that the Stoics had a strong view that man has the power to restrain himself and that peace of mind must be sought in this way.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

For example, Musonius Rufus has argued that man should protect himself from sexual temptations and sexual excessiveness.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The Stoics placed sexual acts in a broader sense of human life, where sexual acts can only be moral when used for procreation.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Early Christian theologians adopted this view of the Stoics and in the time of Church Father Augustine sex in the reproductive sense was the only normal sex. [9].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

On the other hand, the Bible also takes a penchant view of homosexuality, which has also been interpreted as saying that the accounts of the Bible do not describe the current concept of homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[10] Historian Teemu Keskisarja has studied the sexual behaviour of Finns between the 17th and 18th centuries.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Middleweight said meddling with animals was common, with thousands of animal meddlers found, but Middleweight found almost no record of homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[11] With immense effort and help from genealogists, Middleweight found only three gay cases in all over a couple of hundred years.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Extramarital sex and masturbation were prohibited.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[12] Early 20th-century scientific literature treated homosexuality as two distinct phenomena: inversion and perversion.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In inversion, a person has an innate and persistent gender-reversed sexual impulse, that is, the male sexual impulse is gendered inversely directed to a man as in a female.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Instead, perversion was an unmoral and perverse sexual act.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The division between being as a form (inversion) and a form of behavior (perversion) became more complicated as medicine and psychiatry sought to conceptualize homosexuality specifically as a form of sexual desire compatible with sexual orientation and object selection.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[13] Psychologist Sigmund Freud believed man to be naturally bisexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In Freud's view, heterosexuality is the outcome of normal libido development, and in the psychoanalytic school, homosexuality represented a disorder of normal libido development.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

According to Freud, heterosexuals have the ability to become attracted to the same sex, which Freud termed latent homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[14] The Behaviorist School achieved dominance in the 1930s and 1940s in American and British psychology.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Behaviorism, rather than states of mind, paid attention to the categorization of behavior, and homosexuality was associated with certain forms of excessive sexual behavior.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Since then, attempts have been made to define homosexuality as a permanent orientation.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Researcher Alfred Kinsey's research findings that people cannot be divided into straight and homosexual groups caused a definition crisis, as homosexuality was considered a pathology of a small and defined category.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The scientists chose to preserve separate categories of heterosexuality and homosexuality, and further distinguished between homosexual acts and homosexual person, which allowed homosexuality to be preserved as a form of being.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[15] The disqualification of homosexuality began to be pushed in Philadelphia, USA in 1965 [16].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In 1969, New York City had an event dubbed the Stonewall Riots, in which gays and lesbians rose up against the system that persecuted homosexuals.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The riots became a defining event that launched the gay rights movement in the United States and other parts of the world.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[5] In 1973, the APA, the United States Association of Psychiatrists, removed homosexuality from DSM, a prestigious disease classification for mental disorders.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The United States was the first country in the world to make a reform to the disease classification.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

This led to the development of two different schools: some still viewed homosexuality as a pathology, others as normal.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[5] The declassification of diseases was influenced by activists [17].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The declassification of disease was justified by the fact that homosexuals suffer from the stigma that defining homosexuality as a disease creates.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The aim of activists was to make homosexuality normal, while medicine sought to define homosexuality as abnormal, deviant.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[18] In the 1960s and 1970s, homosexuality manifested itself as a sexual identity.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

People started declaring their identity to be homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

It related to sociological studies on male homosexuals and the social effects of stigma being homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The idea of sexual identity crystallises in coming out of the closet.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Homosexuality as a sexual identity changed the question of what causes a person to develop homosexual into what causes a person to develop into a person who identifies as homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this case, the study of homosexuality was directed at the study of identity shaping.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

According to Plummer (1981), the purpose is not to find causal causes of homosexuality, but framing processes that cause the individual to construct and maintain a certain sexual identity.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Sexual identity means that an individual categorizes themselves as a particular kind of person in light of experiences and emotions.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[19] According to Richardson and Hart (1981), homosexual feelings and homosexual acts may be the result of an individual defining himself as homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In the 1980s, an AIDS epidemic caused by the spread of HIV broke out in the United States.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

This disease, spread mainly among gay men, hardened people's attitudes towards homosexuality because the spread of the disease threatened public health.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[20] [21] Different Types of Homosexuals Scientists have drawn attention to the fact that there are probably different types of homosexuality occurring.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

This means that homosexuality is not just one kind of thing and that not all homosexuals are homosexuals for the same reasons.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[22] Homosexual men use precise titles for self-identification.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

According to popular perception, there are two types of gay men in their roles: giving (top in homoslang) and receptive (bottom).


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

These have been offered as an explanation of which roles feel more natural to the person.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

But many gay men identify as both, for which the word versatile is used.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

On the other hand, not all gay men have anal intercourse even interested and prefer other forms of sex.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Some of the men don't identify as tops, bottomes, nor versatiles at all.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Some of them don't even identify as gay even if they engage in anal intercourse with men.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

These identify with the men that have sex with men (MSM) category and are often also in heterosexual relationships, i.e. they are bisexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

According to research, top men are more often the giving party even when it comes to oral sex and top men identify less often as gay and also have the most internalized homophobia, self-loathing towards their homosexual desires.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[23] Similarly, homosexual women exhibit divergent butch and femme roles.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

There are bisexual femmes as well.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[24] Theories about homosexuality Theories about homosexuality can be divided into three main types: pathology: Homosexuality is a human disease that differs from normal heterosexual development.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this theory trend, same-sex interest or gender atypical behavior is a sign of illness or disorder.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this theory trend, some deficiency or external pathogenic agent causes homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this theory trend, homosexuality is considered serious, psychopathology.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Immaturity: Homosexuality is a behavior stemming from the immaturity of a young person on the way to a heterosexual orientation.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this theory trend, homosexuality is a stage over which one usually plants.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this particular psychoanalytic theory trend, human sexuality is thought to pass through developmental stages and homosexuality represents developmental stagnation, retardation.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this theory trend, homosexuality is relatively harmless, rather than a pathology.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Normal Variation: Homosexuality is part of the normal variation of human sexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this theory trend, homosexuals are typically thought to have been born different, but is comparable to left-handedness.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this theory trend, homosexuality is a natural phenomenon and naturalness is the same as normal.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The theory trend sees no need to include homosexuality in the classification of mental disorders.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[5] Evidence for the existence of the phenomenon An evolutive explanation of homosexuality might be that gay man's sisters are exceptionally attractive, are attracted to men, and have more children than other women.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[25] Non-shared factors contribute to environmental factors to the occurrence of homosexuality, although for female homosexuals, the shared environment may also play a significant role.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[26] Other studies have produced smaller and highly variable consistencies between 5 and 60%.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[27] The etiology of male and female homosexuality appears to be different, as for twins of different eggs, the homosexuality of one twin is linked to the other twin's elevated likelihood of homosexuality only when they are of the same sex.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[26] Olson theorized that homosexuality would result from dominance of the cerebral hemispheres.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In straight women and gay men, in general, the right hemisphere is dominant.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In contrast, straight men and lesbians tend to have the left hemisphere dominating.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Olson speculates that a gene or hormone regulates which hemisphere dominates.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[28] Based on brain descriptions, it is known that the brain structures of gay men and straight women resemble each other; respectively, the brain structures of lesbians and straight men resemble each other.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[29] [30] Gay men and straight women have both cerebral hemispheres of the same size and have more neural connections in the left almond nucleus than in the right.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The right hemisphere of lesbians and straight men is larger than the left, and there are more neural connections in the right almond nucleus.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[31] According to a study in the Archives of Sexual Behavior science journal, a girl fetus receiving a lot of testosterone from the mother becomes a butch lesbian and a femmelesbo who receives a lot of estrogen.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In straight men and lesbians, the inah3 region of the brain hypothalamus is usually large, while those interested in men are small.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

It regulates orientation and develops at 6-8 weeks of fetal age under the influence of testosterone.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In pup fetuses, testosterone is usually produced by the testes, but genes or maternal health can affect hormone levels, even stress.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[32] Masculine characteristics are well explained by fetal testosterone intake.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Also in the 1950s-70s, synthetic estrogen used to prevent miscarriages produced an excess of bi and lesbian daughters in its recipients (measured by orientation, not sexual experiences) and more feminine than usual daughters.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Similarly, fetal period estrogen or testosterone was used to induce female mice to become interested in female mice.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[32] Of the estrogens, estradiol is responsible for masculinization of the brain.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In males, it is aromatized by testosterone produced by the testicles. [33].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Etiology Homosexuality was considered a mental illness, but psychiatry's ability to explain homosexuality manifested itself as weak.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Biological explanations for homosexuality began to be sought when environmental social and cultural explanations used in psychiatry were small in their fixed effects and causations vague.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[34] In 1981, a study conducted by the Kinsey Institute found that the influence of parents on the development of homosexuality has been exaggerated and the study also found that the lack of opportunities for heterosexuals as well as traumatic heterosexual experiences has also been exaggerated .


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[35] In 1986, according to a study conducted by the Kinsey Institute, gender nonconformism in childhood is the main predictor of homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[36] First, biologists look for an explanation of homosexuality in adult human hormones.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

However, testosterone and oestrogen levels in gay men and straight men were found to be similar levels and the hypothesis of abnormal hormone levels in adults fell through.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[34] Subsequently, the cause of homosexual activity has been sought in the prebirth hormone exposures experienced by the foetus in utero.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The hypothesis is supported by the fact that 37 per cent of women with testosterone-prone CAH disease are lesbian or bisexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

On the other hand, the hypothesis is spoken by the fact that those who suffered from hormonal problems in the fetal stage, who have become endocrine abnormalities with genital or gonadal malformations, are not homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[34] Birth order of brothers to order of birth of Blanchard brothers (engl.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

fraternal birth order, FBO) related explanation is the surest and scientifically proven causative agent of male homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In it, each younger brother's likelihood of being homosexual increases by 33%.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The explanation concerns the immune reaction of the pregnant mother with antibodies against the Y chromosome-related neuroligin 4 (NLGN4Y) protein important for neurological development.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[37] [38] Blanchard estimates that between 15% and 29% of male homosexuals are homosexual due to this explanation.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Still, the effect is small even if the man has a daring older brother.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[39] Gene-related explanations A 1991 genetic study conducted by Bailey and Pillard on gay men has examined the heritability of male homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Homosexuality is not 100% heritable, which makes it multifactorially heritable, which means that the manifestation of homosexuality is influenced by factors other than just genes.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[34] Bailey and Pillard have conducted a similar study in lesbians in 1993 showing the impact of genes on female homosexuality (lesbianism) being equal to that of men.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

However, research suggests that even for identical twins who have had the same growth environment, sexual orientations may be divergent.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Genes account for only 52 per cent of homosexuality among identical twins.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[40] Of the identical twins, there is only a 20% chance of both being homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[41] In 1993, Hamer discovered congruent sites on the X chromosomes of gay men.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[42] In studying the lineage of gay brothers, the 8q12 and XQ28 gene regions located on the 8 chromosome and X chromosome have been found to influence male sexual orientation.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[43] Genes explain 30-40 percent of male homosexuality [42].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Twin studies have been criticized for being skewed, as they have been based on voluntarism.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Probably those twin couples in which both parties are homosexual have been more willing to sign up than ones where only one party is homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[27] Two genes linked to male homosexuality have been discovered in 2017.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Located on chromosome 13, SLITRK6 is a gene associated with brain development that specifically affects the midbrain and chromosome 14, TSHR is a gene that encodes a thyrotropin (TSH) receptor.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[44] Scientists have tried to find the “homogeny” that causes homosexuality without finding it.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The homogeny was sought because homosexuality was considered innate and the gene would have been a simple explanation for what causes homosexuality before birth [45].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Based on genetic studies, it can be said that one single homogeneous does not exist.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Genetic research today utilizes epigenetics and epigenetic explanation models focusing on sensitivity to hormones have been developed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The focus on hormones is based on what is known about CAH disease.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[46] [41] Thyroid-related explanations Preliminary studies suggest thyroid function and thyroid hormones during maternal gestation may be linked to child homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[47] [48] [49] [50] According to a Danish study, lesbians have 2.92 times higher rates of Hashimoto's disease and 1.88-fold in gay men.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[51] In one study of adolescent psychiatry patients, mothers of 15 children had thyroid problems during pregnancy.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Sixteen homosexual adolescents were found among juvenile psychiatry patients.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In 12 cases, the homosexual youth was the child of a woman who suffered from thyroid problems while pregnant.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The connection was significant in both sexes.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[52] At the population level, the prevalence of homosexuality and hypothyroidism are in the same category [53].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In the explanatory model associated with hypothyroidism, maternal gestational hypothyroidism and maternal thyroid autoimmune disease are suspected.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Related to this are deficiency of thyroid hormones and Hashimoto's disease.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[54] Pregnancy requires greater effort from the mother's thyroid gland, which it normally responds to by increasing hormone production [53].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Maternal thyroid function has an effect on the neurological development of the fetus [55].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this explanatory model, the endocrine system of the thyroid gland is inadequate and certain areas of the brain remain undeveloped [52].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Also, hyperthyroidism, that is, hyperthyroidism affects hormone levels.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In women, hyperthyroidism, such as Graves' disease, leads to higher levels of testosterone.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[56] In men, hyperthyroidism has been found to increase dihydrotestosterone levels 8 to 10 times that of normal.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[57] The explanation for thyroid function is supported by the discovery in which thyroid medication taken by the mother is linked to the daughter's lesbianism.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[58] Hypothyroidism is medicated with levothyroxine [52], which in 2015 was the most prescribed prescription drug in the United States, as well as with dried pig thyroid.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[59] [60] The medication is used to treat hypothyroidism even during pregnancy and during lactation [61].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In products of animal origin, hormone ratios are different than in healthy humans, resulting in higher levels of T3 and a symptom similar to hyperthyroidism may develop.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[60] Endocrine disrupting chemicals Homosexuality has been observed in animals related to endocrine disrupting chemicals in the environment.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Animal species with such observations include birds, frogs, seals, polar bears, sea molluscs and dozens of others.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Specialties of sexual development have also been observed in some fish populations, near pulp and poper factories and wastewater treatment plants.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

One example of sexual development observed in animal species is Floridian alligators on polluted Lake Apopka, where there is an expansive farming environment, a sewage treatment plant, and where DDT and DDE have ended up.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Effects of residues of birth control pills used by women have also been found in nature.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[62] In ibis birds, homosexuality occurs when exposed to methylmercury.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[63] According to a Danish study in mice, the common painkiller paracetamol used during pregnancy reduces male-typical behaviour in mice.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Previous research has suggested paracetamol can inhibit chick fetus testosterone production and cause testicular deformity.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The study drew attention to a significant reduction in testosterone production.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Pregnant female mice were given doses of paracetamol proportional to those of the human female.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

When studying homosexuality, it has been found that gay men's SDN (engl.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

sexual dimorphic nucleus) is abnormal, and the study found that male mice exposed to paracetamol during pregnancy had half as many neurons in their SDN.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In these male mice, the vibrancy of brain activity in the SDN was also half as low.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[64] Proportion of the population of those who consider themselves homosexual is not easy.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The determination of the proportion shall take into account the criteria used, the boundaries and the time period within which sexual orientation is defined.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[65] Many people, despite having an interest in their own gender, may be hesitant to define themselves as gay or bisexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The number of people who have feelings for the same sex may be greater than the number of people who also put into practice these feelings.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

On the other hand, the number of people fulfilling emotions may be higher than that of people who actually define themselves as gay, lesbian or bi-sexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[66] According to the most significant studies, between 2% and 11% of people have had some form of same-sex sexual contact during their lives.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] [73] [74] This rate rises to 16-21% when either same-sex interest or behaviour is reported, or both of them.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[75] In a study conducted in, 20% of anonymously respondents to a survey reported having some homosexual feelings — though only 2— 3% of them defined themselves as homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[76] In a 1992 study, 6.1% of men living in Britain had had homosexual experiences, compared with 4.1% in France.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[77] Similarly, in the United States, according to a 2011 report by the William Institute, 3.5%, or roughly 9 million people of the adult population, are either lesbian, gay or bisexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[78] In the United States census in 2000, there were approximately 600,000 same-sex unmarried households in the country.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[79] Finland Sexual identity has been studied in Finland by surveys and interviews based on random samples in 1971 and 1992.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Among Finns aged 18—54, 0.8% of Finns aged 18—54 considered themselves homosexual in a 1971 survey and 0.6% in a 1992 survey.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[80] Sweden In Sweden, the Forskningsgruppen för Samhälls- och Informationsstudier (FSI) and Folkhälsoinsitutet conducted a survey in 1998 based on a random sample of homosexuals between 1 and 2% of 16- to 79-year-olds.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[81] Norway, according to a 2008 interview survey of 6465 people in Norway, 0.6% of men and 0.7% of women over the age of 16 consider themselves homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[82] United Kingdom According to an extensive survey of 247623 interviewees in the United Kingdom in 2009-10, 0.9% of people over the age of 16 consider themselves homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[83] United States Based on five extensive surveys, it has been estimated that 1.7% of U.S. adults consider themselves homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[84] Canada In 2003, a survey of 135000 people in Canada found that 1.3% of men aged 18—59 and 0.7% of women considered themselves homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[85] Australia Australia conducted a 19307 human survey which found that 1.6% of men and 0.8% of women considered themselves homosexual.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[86] [87] Legislation in Finland “homosexual acts” were punishable until 1971 and homosexuality ceased to be an officially listed disease in 1981.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[88] In the legal histories of homosexuality in the Western world, one can see a division into two traditions: the legal systems influenced by the French Revolution on the one hand, and the Protestant tradition on the other.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The influence of the French Revolution on legal systems is particularly evident in the relationship of laws to privacy.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In the tradition of the French Revolution, private practices, for example homosexual acts, were not punishable unless they included violence or sex with underage partners, but the police and legal system regularly intervened in what happened in the public eye to actions.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The second system of laws, which was more common in Protestant countries, contained a different idea of what should be controlled by the state.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In this tradition it was considered that immoral acts exist in themselves, which should be punished as such even before secular law.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[89] Marriage for same-sex couples has been approved by law in the following countries: Holland (since 2001), Belgium (2003), Spain (2005), [90] Canada (2005), [91] South Africa (2006), [92] Norway (2009), [93] Sweden (2009), [94] Portugal (2010), [95] Iceland (2010) [96] ], Argentina (2010) [97] [98], Denmark (2012) [99], Uruguay (2013) [100], New Zealand (2013) [101], France (2013) [102], Great Britain (2014) [103], the United States (2015) [104], and Finland (2017) [105] Society's attitudes of non-heterosexuality have lowest in Asia and Africa and highest in Europe, Australia and the Americas.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Western society has become increasingly accepting of homosexuality in recent decades.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Professor Amy Adamczyk said the differences between countries were largely explained by three factors: strength of democratic institutions, level of economic development (national product) and religiosity.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[106] Attitudes about the acceptability of homosexuality vary widely from country to country.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In a 2013 survey by the US-based Pew Research Center, attitudes towards homosexuality were most positive in Western countries and especially in European Union countries, most of which more than three-quarters agreed that homosexuality should be accepted by society.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In the United States, there were 60 per cent acceptors, 54 per cent in Japan, 40 per cent in Israel, 16 per cent in Russia and, on average, just over half in Latin America.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In Africa and Muslim countries, acceptance of homosexuality was most often supported by less than 10% of the population.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Homosexuality was generally accepted the less often the greater importance religion plays in society.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Young respondents were more accepting than the old in several countries.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[107] Attitudes towards gay men and lesbians are largely dependent on whether homosexuality is innate or a choice.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

People are more accepting of homosexuality if its etiology is innate, whereas if one thinks it is a choice, the attitude is less accepting.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The idea that homosexuality is a choice is often accompanied by the idea of the sinfulness and unnaturalness of homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[108] According to the Eurobarometer on discrimination published in 2015, 71% of respondents in European Union countries believe that people belonging to sexual minorities should have the same rights as heterosexuals.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Sixty-one percent of respondents support allowing same-sex marriage across Europe.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

According to the same Eurobarometer, attitudes towards sexual and gender minorities are more positive than in the European Union on average: according to the barometer, 74% of Finns agree that people belonging to sexual minorities should have the same rights as heterosexuals, and 66% agree that same-sex marriage should be allowed across Europe.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[109] Sociopolitically, finding out the etiology of homosexuality may bring benefits to homosexuals through the fact that homosexuality can be scientifically proven to be innate and would no longer be a choice for some people.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

On the other hand, surviving the etiology might lead to homosexuality being shown to be a genetic anomaly, defect or deficiency that can be prevented or one day even cured.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[108] Discrimination in the late 1950s and 1960s homosexuality began to be viewed more as a disease than a crime.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[110] In the United States, homosexuality was de-classified as a disease in 1973.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[111] Homosexuality in Finland was declassified as a disease by the decision of the Finnish Medical Board in 1981, after Seta made a letter to the Medical Board calling for the complete abolition of the disease classification, and that the Medical Board should “effectively work to eliminate the serious adverse effects created by the sickness stamp of homosexuality”.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[111] In Finland, gays and lesbians still experience discrimination in the workplace and in schools, although the law strictly prohibits discrimination.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Research suggests there is evidence of employment discrimination against gays and lesbians.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[112] [113] and discrimination may occur, for example, in the recruitment situation, employment conditions and treatment in the workplace.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[114] People from sexual and gender minorities may, for example, be subject to inappropriate and abusive speech, such as gaying or offensive jokes, and some of them may be subjected to outright derogatory name-calling relating to sexuality or gender, or even sexual harassment.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[115] Some homosexuals prefer to keep their sexual orientation secret in their workplaces.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[116] Based on surveys, those open about their orientation had encountered employment discrimination more often than those who concealed it.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

On the other hand, those who conceal their sexual orientation see discrimination occurring more often in their own workplace.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[115] In the last decades, public attitudes towards homosexuality have become much more tolerant.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

History Treatment of homosexuals Many religions have been characterized by negative attitudes towards homosexuality.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Within many denominations, sexual minorities have formed independent groups where homosexuality is permissible.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[117] In Christianity, the practice of homosexuality has since been considered a sin.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[118] In the Old Testament, God gives the law that “if a man lies with a man as with a woman of his land, they have both committed an appalling act and shall be put to death.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

They themselves have earned their death.” [119] The same paragraph also condemns death for many other misdemeanors, such as slandering the mother or father.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[120] Death sentences have been imposed for homosexuality in Islamic countries.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[121] In 1869, Hungarian writer Károly Mária Kertbeny documented first used the concept of homosexual in an open letter to the Prussian Attorney General demanding the repeal of laws banning 'anti-natural behavior'.