Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Aino Ackté, Elmer Diktonius, Leevi Madetoja, L. Onerva, Hagar Olsson, Olavi Paavolainen, Toivo Pekkanen, F.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

E. Sillanpää, Elli Tompuri, Elina Vaara, Katri Vala and Lauri Viljanen.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Other nominal signatories of the pleading were Aino and Alvar Aalto, A.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

K. Cajander, Annie Furuhjelm, Lucina Hagman, Bruno Jalander, Niilo Liakka, Ester Ståhlberg, N.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

R. af Ursin and Edvard Westermarck.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Thanks to the pleading, a law on the death penalty called for by the political far-right was never adopted in Finland.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In fact, the Kivimäki government introduced a bill that would have restored over a hundred years as a dead letter in the penal code to the use of the peaceful death penalty for treason.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

At decisive reading in September 1936, however, Parliament narrowly rejected the law by a vote of 94—93.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[17] Antikainen, in turn, was sentenced to a life sentence of discipline; in addition, he received an eight-year discipline sentence for preparation of treason.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

He was released after the end of the Winter War at the insistence of the Soviet Union and handed over to the Soviet Union.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

During the 1939—1944 Winter and Continuation War, some 550 death penalties were enforced, perhaps 90% of which were given to spies and perpetrators of extermination.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

A total of 681 death sentences were handed down during the war; the overwhelming majority of those convicted were Soviet citizens.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[18] Under the interim law, punishments were enforced by firing.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In combat situations and in connection with them, the right to fire a superior for war cowardice was exercised some times.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

A well-known case is the execution of conscientious objector Arndt Pekurinen on Uhtua in the autumn of 1941.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[19] A big stir among the crew was caused by the execution of two soldiers convicted of desertion by the 7th Division Syvär in December1941 after their refusal to continue fighting due to fatigue and frost up to —40 degrees Celsius.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The case was a paragon of the execution scene of the 9th chapter of Väinö Linna's Unknown Soldier


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[20] [21] After the end of the wars, the case of Urpo Viinika, a doctor of medicine who had experienced a nervous breakdown, was also diligently pursued in the chaotic retreat of desertion and executed in the chaotic retreat of the Continuation War.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[22] According to Jukka Lindstedt, a doctor of law who studied death sentences during the wars, death penalties were tried in independent courts, so that the defendants had good legal protection in principle, unlike the system of many other countries.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

However, legal protection was undermined by the pressure exerted by military superiors and the State Police on the courts, the limitation of the possibility of appeal for the accused, and the restriction and complication of the use of the aide-de-camp, which in wartime were apparently considered normal measures.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In addition, discussion of capital punishment in the media was forbidden during the war.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In particular, the lack of an opportunity to appeal had an effect in practice; almost two-thirds of death sentences were carried out only by the decision of a tribunal (field or express court).


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The courts, on the other hand, generally do not appear to have had to bend in the face of pressure from military superiors or Valpo.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Two executions were carried out in clear violation of the law: in one case, the condemned was under 18 years of age, and in the other, the sentence was carried out while the judgment was still being processed by the condemned person's plea for mercy.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[23] At the time of the Helsinki Grand Bombings in February 1944, Parliament, after little debate, passed a change in the law that allowed the death sentence for property crimes as well, but none of the sentences were handed down under this.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[24] The most famous person sent by the Soviet Union to Finland as a desant was Kerttu Nuorteva, who was arrested in Helsinki in September 1942.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[25] The field court of the Helsinki Guardian District sentenced Nuorteva to death for espionage in November1943 and the court martial upheld the sentence in May1944.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

However, the death sentence imposed on Nuorteva was never enforced; he was released from prison under Article 20 of the Moscow Intermediate Peace Treaty and extradited as a Soviet citizen to the Soviet Union.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[26] Major Max von Hellens, who served as an intelligence officer during the Continuation War, was sentenced to death for war fraud in March 1943.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The basis for the conviction was the provision of classified information to the United States Military Attaché.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

von Hellens's plea for mercy was dismissed, but the sentence was not enforced due to U.S. pressure.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The fate of the plea for mercy made by his wife remained unresolved for more than a year and a half until the end of the war.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

von Hellens was released under Article 20 of the Moscow Intermediate Peace Treaty in September 1944 as a person acting for the benefit of the Allies.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[27] As the last woman in Finland, Martta Koskinen, convicted of treason, was executed in September1943.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The last person to be executed for a civil crime in Finland was Toivo Koljonen, convicted of six murders, who was shot in October1943.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The last person to be executed for a military crime was Private Olavi Laiho, who was shot on 2 September 1944 for treason and treason committed alone by deed.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[28] [29] Laiho, with a communist background, had spied for the Soviet Union since his escape and was active in the Turku Forest Guard.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The last death penalty in Finland was imposed and carried out on 3 September 1944, when three Russian desants were executed.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Postwar period, according to a change in the law in 1949, the death penalty could no longer be tried for a crime committed in peacetime.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

At the same time, a provision was introduced into law that a sentence of death imposed during martial law was changed, without a different decision, into a life sentence of discipline if it was unenforced when martial law ceased.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

At the time of this change of law in Parliament, no one called for the retention of the death penalty in peacetime.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Debate on the death penalty briefly grew in 1953 with the mass murder of Soso in Muhos and the murder of Kyllikki Saari and the double murder of Tulilahti in 1959.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Among other things, Eino Palovesi, then Minister of the Interior, advocated toughening penalties for violent crime in his speech at the Tulilahti victims.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[30] In 1972, the death penalty was removed from the penal system altogether.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[31] The government motion referred to the fact that public opinion, during the more than 20-year term of the law banning the peaceful death penalty, had increasingly positioned itself against the use of capital punishment under any circumstances.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[32] However, when the bill was being considered in Parliament, some of the SMP and Coalition MPs opposed the complete abolition of the wartime death penalty, as it still existed in Sweden (there the wartime death penalty was abolished a year later).


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

However, the counter-motion (by Veikko Vennamo) lost by a vote of 140—29.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Twenty-seven delegates were absent from the ballot and three abstentions voted.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In a parliamentary debate on the matter, the Coalition MP Eero Lattula appealed not only to the example of neighbouring countries, but also on the deterrent effect of the death penalty, because he felt that those planning, for example, war cowardice and desertion, seriously consider their actions. consequences.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

On the other hand, Lattula's fellow party member Juha Vikathmaa considered that negative measures such as the death penalty could not maintain the operational capacity of the defence forces and the will of the citizens to defend the national defence.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In the opinion of SKDL MP Anna-Liisa Jokinen, Finland may well be a frontrunner in banning the death penalty.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[33] [34] The last statement from an authoritative body in favour of capital punishment was heard in the spring of 1994, when the SMP MP Marita Jurva wished for the death penalty to be reinstated in the penal code for multiple murderers.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The claim was inspired by an incident in which three people were killed in Kotka by conscript fugitive Mika Muranen in April 1994.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Sporadic calls for the reintroduction of the death penalty into Finnish law have appeared even after this time, mainly in newspaper audiences in cases of mind-blowing homicides.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In an opinion poll conducted by Economic Survey1996, when no specific aggravated homicide was timely, 24% of respondents wanted to introduce the possibility of capital punishment for homicide.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Support was highest among the youngest age groups, among respondents under 35.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[35] In 1995, the ban on capital punishment was enshrined in the Constitution as part of the fundamental rights reform [36].


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

The same prohibition was also introduced into the new Constitution, which came into force in 2000.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[37] There are still isolated mentions of capital punishment in the law, but with the hierarchy and desuetudo basis outlined above, they do not apply.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

For example, the judicial arc provides for wrongful judgment: “If he does it intentionally, out of anger and malice, or for the sake of friendship, gift and profit, may he lose his office, without ever getting it back, may the damage also be reimbursed, and the gifts go to the paltry.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

If someone loses his life or honour because of such a wrongful judgment, may the judge lose his life or his honour because of his evil and malice.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

“[38] In November 2015, Jari Lindström, Minister for Labour and Labour in the Government of Sipilä (p.)


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

said on television's Kiosk program that he was willing to consider the death penalty for terrorists.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Lindström's statement was prompted by the terrorist attacks in Paris on 13 November 2015.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In a 2011 poll for MPs, Lindström had responded that he could consider the death penalty for perpetrators of extraordinarily cruel homicides.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

However, after being elected minister, Lindström announced that he would not be promoting the introduction of the death penalty in government.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

[39] Last executed Last executed in peacetime and last beheaded: Tahvo Putkonen 1825, beheaded for murder Last hanged: Taavetti Lukkarinen 1916, for treason under the Russian law of war Last executed for civil offence: Toivo Koljonen 1943, shot out of six for murder Last woman executed in Finland: Martta Koskinen 1943, shot for espionage and treason Last executed Finn: Private Olavi Laiho 1944, shot for desertion, espionage and treason Last executed in Finland and last shot: three Russians desanttia 1944, shot for espionage See also Death penalty Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kulomaa, Jukka & Nieminen, Jarmo (ed.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

) | title = Executed truth: summer 1944| publisher = Helsinki: Thought Books| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-951-20-7772-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lindstedt, Jukka| title = Executions - shootings.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In The Executed Truth: Summer 1944 p. 101—145| publisher = Helsinki: Thought Books | year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-951-20-7772-4}} References on the topic elsewhere Yle 5.3.2016.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Act Abolishing the Death Penalty in 1972.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

In wiki material.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Referenced on 2/3/2011.


Question: What is the current punishment for treason in Finland in wartime?

Capital punishment in Finland

Category:Death penalty by country Category:Finnish legal history


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Spaceflight refers to a flight into space, usually by means of a launch vehicle.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

According to the US definition, space starts at 50 miles (about 80 km) and 100 kilometers, according to the international aviation organization, the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI).


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

A person who has made a flight higher than this is called a spaceflier.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The spaceflight may be oriented to Earth orbit, onward, or it may be suborbital, or the so-called ballistic jump.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Most spaceflights are unmanned and carried out using satellites and space probes.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The first spaceflight was the suborbital flight of a German V-2 rocket on 3 October 1942.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The first flight to orbit Earth was made by Soviet Sputnik 1 on 4 October 1957.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The first manned spaceflight was made on 12 April 1961 by the Soviet Union's Vostok 1, aboard which Yuri Gagarin once orbited around Earth.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The first flight beyond Earth's orbit and back was Apollo 8, orbiting around the Moon.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

On the 1969 Apollo 11 flight, the manned craft landed for the first time on another celestial body, the Moon.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The next objective is considered to be a manned Mars flight.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Species Suborbital In suborbital flight, the craft flies into a ballistic arc and lingers in space typically only a dozen minutes.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Suborbital flights have included some of the Mercury flights, X-15 and SpaceShipone flights.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Both the X-15 and SpaceShipOne were aircraft-like spaceflanes launched horizontally from aboard another aircraft and landed on the runway.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Earth orbit The vast majority of spaceflights are made on an Earth-orbiting track.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

These include launches of most satellites.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Of the manned flights, all but some of the Apollo program flights have been made into Earth orbit.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

[1] Vertically upward launch vehicles are used for launching into orbit.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

To remain in orbit, the ship's velocity must be at least about 8.2 km/s.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

To get out of Earth's orbit further ahead, the ship must have a velocity higher than Earth's escape velocity, i.e. more than 11.2 km/s.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

From Earth's orbit further forward, space probes have been sent mostly to the Moon and towards other Solar System tracks.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

So far, the only manned flights from Earth orbit onward are lunar flights of the 1960s and 1970s fold Apollo program.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The escape velocity of getting out of the Solar System is 42.1 km/s.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The first ships to travel out of the Solar System into interstellar space include Voyager 1 and Voyager 2.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Industry players The largest organizations making civil spaceflights are the US Space Administration NASA, the Russian Space Agency, the European Space Agency ESA and the Chinese Space Administration.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Russia is transporting people into space on its Soyuz ships.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

China, too, has made manned spaceflights in its Shenzhou programme using a fleet based in part on Russian technology.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

ESA has tentative plans to develop its own manned vessel on the basis of an ATV cargo ship, but the timetable is open for now.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The Space Shuttle program, which carried out US manned flights, ceased in 2011.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Several manned flight projects are pending in the United States.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

NASA is developing an Orion platform, a SpaceX manned version of its Dragon and a Boeing CST-100 platform.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

The envisaged means of getting into space In addition to the renewal of rocket technology, at least the following have been considered: A space elevator would be an elevator to ascend directly into space Space hook See also Manned space flights Unmanned space activities Sources On the topic Elsewhere — Manned Space Flight Site in Finnish NASA Johnson Space Center: Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

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Question: What year has the first space shuttle been launched into space?

Spaceflight

Category:Space Activities Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Titanic is a romantic disaster film directed, scripted and produced by James Cameron that premiered in 1997.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The film tells the partly fictional story of the sinking of the passenger steamer RMS Titanic.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The main characters of the film are played by Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Other lead roles in the film are played by Bill Paxton, Billy Zane, Kathy Bates and Gloria Stuart.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The film premiered in the United States on 19 December 1997 and in Finland on 16 January 1998.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The film quickly became popular, and was nominated for a record fourteen Oscars, of which it won eleven, including the Academy Awards for Best Film and Best Directing.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Titanic was the first film to garner more than $1 billion in box office revenue, and it remained the world's most financially successful film for twelve years.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

In Finland, the film crossed the million viewers mark for the first time since the original Unknown Soldier, and Titanic is still Finland's most-watched foreign film of all time.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[1] Plot In 1996, US investigator Brock Lovett and his team investigate the wreckage of the RMS Titanic looking for a lost diamond necklace known as “Heart of the Ocean”.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The team lifts Caledon “Cal” Hockley's safe from the wreckage, believing the necklace to be inside it.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

All you can find in the safe, however, is a drawing of a naked woman carrying a diamond jewellery around her neck.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The drawing is dated to the night of the sinking of the Titanic, April 14, 1912.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Elderly Rose Dawson Calvert hears about the drawing, contacts Lovett and tells her she is the woman in the picture.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Rose and her granddaughter, Lizzy Calvert, travel aboard Lovett's research ship.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

When asked about the necklace, Rose recounts her memories of the Titanic and reveals herself to be a passenger named Rose DeWitt Bukater, who was believed to have died when the Titanic sank.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

In 1912, a 17-year-old first-class passenger, Rose boards a ship in Southampton, England, with her rich fiancee Cali and mother Ruth DeWitt Bukater.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Ruth stresses to Rose the importance of this engagement, as only marriage to Cal will solve DeWitt Bukaterie's concealed financial problems.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Rose would not want to marry Cal and contemplates suicide by jumping off the stern of the ship.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

While about to jump, third-class passenger void reporter and artist Jack Dawson thwarts him.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

When Rose is found at the stern of the ship with Jack, Rose lies to Cal about peering over the edge “to see the propellers” and about accidentally dropping overboard, causing Jack to save her.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

As a show of gratitude and at Rose's insistence, Cal invites Jack to dinner with them in first class the next night.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

A seductive friendship forms between Jack and Rose, though Cal and Ruth are wary of a young third-grade man.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

After dinner, Jack and Rose spend the evening together at a third-grade party.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

After Cal and Ruth forbid Rose to see Jack again, Rose begs Jack to leave her alone, but soon realizes she would rather have him than Cal.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Jack and Rose meet at the bow of the ship and marvel at the sunset in what turns out to be the Titanic's final moment in the sunlight.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

From the deck, Jack and Rose continue their journey to Rose's cabin where he asks Jack to draw a portrait of him wearing only the “Heart of the Ocean” he received from Cal as an engagement present.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Later, the duo run to escape Cal's bodyguard and make love in the ship's hold.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Continuing their escape to the ship's deck, they witness the ship's collision with an iceberg and happen to hear the ship's officer and designer outline the severity of the collision.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Rose tells Jack that they would have to warn his mother and Cal.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Cal finds a drawing of Jack in his safe, along with an ivial letter from Rose in addition to his necklace.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Enraged, Cal asks his bodyguard to slip the necklace into Jack's jacket pocket.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Soon Jack is accused of stealing the necklace, arrested and handcuffed to a pipe in the wall of the lower floor room.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Cal puts the necklace in the pocket of his own jacket.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Rose refuses to board the lifeboat with her mother, fleeing Cal and searching as well as freeing Jack.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Fireworks begin to be fired from the ship, to attract the attention of nearby ships.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

When Jack and Rose get back on deck, Cal and Jack persuade Rose to board the lifeboat, with Cal claiming to have arranged for himself and Jack to have seats in another lifeboat.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

When Rose boards the boat, Cal reveals to Jack the arrangement is just for him himself.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

As Rose's boat is being lowered, she realizes she can't leave Jack and jumps back on the Titanic.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

An enraged Cal takes a pistol from his bodyguard and begins chasing the pair into a flooded first class dining hall.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

After the stakes run out of the pistol, Cal updates to his bodyguard, having given Rose his jacket with “Heart of the Ocean” in his pocket.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

He returns to the deck of the ship and gets aboard the lifeboat after pretending to be the guardian of a lone child.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Jack and Rose find a little Italian boy.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

They try to save him, but the door, with a full amount of water behind it, opens and the boy drowns with his father.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The water takes Jack and Rose to the locked corridor gate, who are slightly overwhelmed, but Jack gets the gate open.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Jack's buddy Fabrizio takes aim with Tommy Ryan for the lifeboat, but first mate Murdoch shoots Tommy dead in a panic.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The boat deck starts flooding, and Fabrizio is killed after being hit by a crashing chimney.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Jack and Rose return to the deck.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

All the lifeboats have left and the remaining passengers are falling out as the stern of the ship emerges from the water.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The ship breaks off in the middle, after which its stern rises to an angle of 90 degrees.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

As the Titanic sinks, Jack and Rose sink with it.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Upon reaching the surface, Jack helps Rose onto a wall plate that can only withstand the weight of one person.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Hanging on the edge of the panel, Jack assures Rose that she is supposed to die only as an old woman in a warm bed.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Meanwhile, Officer Harold Lowe returns with his lifeboat to search for possible survivors.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Rose is rescued, but Jack is already frostbitten to death.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Rose and the other survivors are transported by passenger ship RMS Carpathia to New York City, where Rose announces her name Rose Dawson.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

On the deck of Carpathia, Rose hides from Cal while he searches for his betrothed.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Later, Rose finds out Cal married another woman and inherited his millions, but later committed suicide after disposing of his fortune in the 1929 stock market crash.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

After telling her story, old Rose goes after Lovett's ship at night, without anyone seeing, and drops the “Heart of the Ocean” she possessed all along into the sea.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

While she is seemingly asleep in her bed, pictures on her dresser show her living a free life inspired by Jack.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

In the final scene, young Rose and Jack meet again and kiss in the stairwell of the lobby of the RMS Titanic, the onboard perished around them.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Actors Fictional personalities Historical personalities Passengers: Ship staff: Production Pre-production James Cameron known as an avid diver says his goal was to dive into the wreck of the Titanic, thus making the film itself was secondary.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[2] He learned that others have visited the wreck and filmed it, at which point he decided to apply to Hollywood for funding for his project.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[3] Production company 20th Century Fox was skeptical of the financial success of the three-hour film, which would not feature traditional action film elements such as shooting or chase scenes.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

However, they provided funding for the project.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

At the time, Cameron still believed that the film would be cleared on a budget of less than $100 million.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[4] Filming of the wreck, located at a depth of nearly four thousand metres in the Atlantic Ocean, began in September 1995, where their ship was subjected to a pressure of more than 40000 kilopascals.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

As well as taking a great risk in diving into the wreckage, the difficult conditions prevented Cameron from getting as high quality footage as he would have liked.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Cameron dived into the wreck a total of 12 times.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] Cameron also wrote the screenplay for the film himself.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

He explains that he created an extremely accurate timeline of the ship's few days' voyage and the night of its sinking.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Subsequently, experts assessed the script, and Cameron amended it based on suggestions.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

From the beginning of filming, they had a very clear picture of what happened the night the ship sank, which Cameron feels has elevated the significance of the film.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[2] Cameron wanted to convey the emotional message of events and, according to him, it is not a disaster film but a love story with a selection of real history.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[6] Leonardo DiCaprio was chosen for the second lead role in the film at the time.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The film company wanted Chris O'Donnell or Matthew McConaughey for the role, but Cameron got his demands through.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Tom Cruise, too, was interested in the lead, but the salary he demanded was hardly taken seriously by anyone.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Later, DiCaprio was paid $2.5 million for the role.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Kate Winslet, who played the female lead in the film, was paid just under $1 million.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The role of Rose's fiancé, Cal Hockley, was initially offered to Matthew McConaughey, but he declined, and the role was eventually given by Billy Zane.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Bernard Hill, who plays the captain of the RMS Titanic in the film, and David Warner, who plays Cal Hockley's servant, had coincidentally also starred in two previous Titanic filmatisations.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] A full-time custom teacher was hired for the film's actors to teach the fine behaviour of the upper class in 1912.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] The sets representing the interior of the Titanic were made according to the originals using photographs.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The first class staircase featured prominently in the manuscript was built of real wood and was actually destroyed in the sinking.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Rooms, carpets, design and colours, individual furniture, decorations, wall panels, crockery and cutlery, as well as White Star Line's coat of arms and accessories paraphrased the originals.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

In addition, Cameron hired two Titanic historians to authenticate historical details of the film.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] Filming Scenes set in the present day of the film were filmed aboard the Russian Akademik Mstislav Keldysh ship in August 1996.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Gloria Stuart, who played the old Rose, was actually 87 years old at the time, so they made her look older, as Rose had to look over 100 years old.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Another central figure in the scenes was Bill Paxton, who starred in many of Cameron's films, who played treasure seeker Brock Lovett.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Filming did not go without a hitch, as on the last day their food was drugged, and several individuals fell ill.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

According to some, it would have been the case for an angry crew member of the ship in protest at Cameron's behaviour.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] The film's pivotal filming began in September 1996.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The film company had bought the area in a small Mexican beach town, as filming on the high seas was not a question.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

On the beach, which was located about a four-hour drive from Los Angeles, a replica of the RMS Titanic began.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The production costs of the film were saved when Mexican workers were used for the construction.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The replica was nearly the size of the original ship.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

A reservoir with tens of millions of gallons of water was also built in which the ocean liner was sunk.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] [7] [8] A hinge was built on the aft deck of the ship, which could raise the stern of the ship from zero to ninety degrees during sinking.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[9] Numerous miniature models of different sizes were also used during filming.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] For safety, many sets were made of foam.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[4] Cameron sketched Jack's nude photo of Rose for the scene, which was the first to be filmed.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The nude scene was thus also DiCaprio and Winslet's first together.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

According to Cameron, they were just trying to get something to film, as the big sets weren't ready yet.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Later, Cameron found the scene was going well.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[6] However, not all scenes went as well.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Cameron had a reputation as the most formidable man in Hollywood and was known for his intransigence and pursuit of perfection.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Winslet, for example, hurt herself during filming, and she later recounted that she was worried about drowning in the water tank in which the ship was to be sunk.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[10] Filming was supposed to last 138 days but stretched to 160 days.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Many actors caught colds or caught the flu after spending hours in cold water, including Winslet.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[11] Several others left, and three substitute actors suffered a broken bone.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

As a result of the investigation, the Screen Actors Guild concluded that there was nothing dangerous in itself on set.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[11] In addition, DiCaprio said he did not feel at any point in danger.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[12] Cameron believed in a fervent work ethic and he never regretted his behaviour on set, albeit he confessed to being a demanding man.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[11] Historically accurate Cameron says that he was disappointed with the earlier Titanic films, as they did not show a ship snapping in the middle.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Hundreds of assistants and stunt men were used in the film's sinking scenes, whose numbers were increased by special effects still in post-production.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[5] Titanic production costs eventually began to rise and finally reached US$200 million.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[13] Fox was concerned and suggested that an hour be cut out of the three-hour film.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Excessive length, they say, would mean fewer performances, which would mean less money, albeit with long films helping their directors win Oscars.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Cameron refused surgery.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[4] Post-production Millions were saved in production costs when only its right side was built of the ship.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

However, this caused problems in filming the ship's departure, as it had to be docked from the left side.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

When the scene was filmed, every set and costume had to be reversed, and if someone walked right according to the script, they had to walk to the left.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

In post-production, everything was mirrored correctly.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[8] [14] [15] [16] In post-production, some of the scenes were cut out of the actual film.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

For example, the steamer SS Californian was a few dozen miles from the Titanic stopped for the night in place and shut down its equipment.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Cameron decided to cut the scene out, not experiencing it as essential to the film's plot.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[6] An alternate ending was also filmed for the film.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[17] The film's music was composed by James Horner.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Sissel Kyrkjebø sings through the film's audible wordless singing.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

However, Céline Dion performs the film's most famous and numerous award-earning song, “My Heart Will Go On”.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The film's music received several awards: it was awarded, for example, with the Academy Award for Best Music.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Release The film premiered at the Tokyo International Film Festival on November 1, 1997, with director James Cameron and Leonardo DiCaprio in attendance.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Cameron's films have traditionally done well in Japan, though this time DiCaprio seemed to be a bigger phenomenon than the film itself.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[18] In the United States, the film premiered on 19 December 1997 and in Finland on 16 January 1998.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[19] Titanic was the first film to collect more than $1 billion at the box office: it broke that record in early March 1998.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[20] The film was shown in U.S. cinemas for nearly ten months, until October 1998, when it had grossed $1.84 billion worldwide, including $600 million in the United States.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[21] [22] It remained the most financially successful film in the world until 2010, when it was also overtaken by Avatar, directed by Cameron.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

In Finland, the film garnered 159,692 viewers in its first ten days.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

Originally, the film was intended to be screened at 40—50 copies, but more had to be commissioned.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[23] [24] Titanic became the most-watched film in Finland in 26 years in April 1998, as there are no comparable statistics for the previous period: the film was seen by 824,654 viewers in 51 theatres across Finland in 11 weeks.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[25] The film broke the million-viewer limit on June 30, 1998.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[26] The film was finally seen by 1040000 viewers in Finland.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The Titanic was re-released in an improved 3D version in April 2012, after a hundred years since the ship sank.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

With its release, the film's worldwide revenue rose to just under $2.19 billion overall.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[27] With the reissue, the film's total viewership in Finnish cinemas is 1,114,954 viewers.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The film is the most-watched film in Finland since 1972, as there is no exact statistic from an earlier period.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[28] However, Titanic is not the film that garnered the most box office in cinemas: the film had a box office record of around eight million euros, overtaken by 007 Spectre in February 2016. At the time, Spectren had seen nearly 700000 viewers on Finnish big screens and had collected more than €8.2 million in box office revenue.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[29] Titanic is Finland's best-selling VHS film of all time.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

In Finland, 250084 copies were sold during 1998 alone.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

VHS sales volume has been statistical since 1995.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[30] Reception Reviews According to Internet site Rotten Tomatoes, 88% of critics have given the Titanic a positive rating with an average rating of 8/10.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

The collection is based on 178 reviews.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[31] Metacritic has calculated a weighted average score of 74/100 out of 34 reviews for the film.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[32] Internet Movie Database's 760,000 users have given Titanic an average of 7.7/10, and 57 IMDB staff have averaged 7.3.


Question: What is the highest number of Oscars won by a single film?

Titanic (1997 film)

[33] Awards See also My Heart Will Go On Titanic (soundtrack) Sources Category:Titanic Category:American films of 1997 Category:Films directed by James Cameron Category:Films scripted by James Cameron Category:Disaster films Category:Romantic drama films Category:20th Century Fox films Category:Movies by Paramount Pictures Category:Academy Award winning films for Best Film Category:Best Direction Oscar films that received the award Category:Films that received the Academy Award for Best Surgery Category:Films that received the Academy Award for Best Music Category:Films that received the Academy Award for Best Staging Category:Best Costume Academy Award-winning films Category:Academy Award winning films for Best Recording Category:Academy Award-winning films for best sound effects Category:Golden Globe award-winning films Category:SAG Award-winning films Films Category:3D Films Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Fuji () is a volcano in Japan, on the island of Honshūn about a hundred kilometers from Tokyo.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Fuji is 3776 meters high and the highest mountain in Japan.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Its peak is covered in snow for several months a year and has symmetrical slopes as well as a truncated looking law.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Fuji is on top of three previously developed volcanoes, and the earliest volcanic activity in the region dates back about 500,000 years.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Present-day Fuji was formed in eruptions that began 17,000 years ago.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Fuji is a sacred mountain to the Japanese and has been a major symbol of Shinthism for hundreds of years.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

In addition, it has been a major motif of painting art and literature.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

By geography and climate, Fuji is 3776 meters high and Japan's highest mountain.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[1] Its prominence is the same 3776 meters, and its prominence is 35 in the world.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Maximum.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[2] Fuji is located near the Pacific coast on the border of Yamanashi and Shizuoka prefectures.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The volcano is about 100 miles west of Tokyo.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[1] Fuji has a circumference of about 125 kilometers and a diameter of 40 to 50 kilometers.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The crater at the summit has a diameter of about 500 metres, and is about 250 feet deep.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Along the edges of the crater are the eight peaks of Fuji.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

On the northern slopes of the mountain are the five lakes of Fuji, all formed as a result of volcanic activity.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[3] At the peak of Fuji, the average annual temperature is —6.4 degrees Celsius.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The warmest month is August, when the average temperature is about 6 degrees Celsius, or about 20 degrees less than Tokyo.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The peak is permafrost, and snow may fall all year round.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

However, snow usually melts in summer.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

In winter and spring, there may be three meters of snow in the depressions, while on the ridges due to the wind effect only about a meter.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The peak is affected throughout the year by strong westerly winds; wind speeds exceed 10 meters per second on more than 300 days a year.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[4] Geology Fuji is a strata volcano, and the present mountain is located on top of three previous volcanoes.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Deep drilling in the early 2000s found that there was one more early stage of development underneath the two previously known phases.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[5] Volcanic activity was triggered in the region during the Pleistocene period about 500,000 years ago.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The first eruptions occurred about seven kilometres north of the present summit crater, with a brief pause following them.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The new eruptions formed a peak known as Mount Komitake, which had formed about 100000 years ago and of which remains can still be seen on the northern slopes of Fuji.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

At the same time, Ashitaka, about 20 kilometres southeast of Fuji, was active, which is partly under Fuji.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[6] At the present peak, the first eruptions began around 100000 years ago, and the so-called Ko-Fuji phase (“Old Fuji”) peaked around 17000 years ago.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Ko-Fuji was nearly 3000 metres high, and volcanic ash spewed by it can still be found on the eastern side of the mountain, including on the Kantō Plateau.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Repeated eruptions occurring about 17000 years ago started the current, so-called Shin-Fuji phase (“new-Fuji”).


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

17,000 to 8000 years ago, the mountain devoured a significant amount of about 40 cubic kilometres of lava.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Subsequently, Fuji slept for about a thousand years until being active again 7000—3500 years ago.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Around 4000—2000 years ago, substantial amounts of volcanic slag and pyroclastic clouds erupted from Fuji.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[6] Since 781, Fuji has erupted at least 16 times, but the most recent eruption occurred in December 1707.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The eruption originated in a crater at an altitude of 2693 m on the east-southeastern slope, but no lava erupted at all.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[7] Nature Fuji vegetation changes with altitude, but at more than 1500 meters there is volcanic desert in places due to past volcanic activity.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Further down, in turn, there is a pioneer forest.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[4] The forest boundary runs at about 2400 metres, and dense vegetation supports the abundant bird population.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[8] Approximately one quarter of all bird species living in Japan have been found on the slopes and foothills of the mountain.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[9] There are no mammal species living in the mountains of Japan on Fuji; however, 37 predominantly medium-sized mammal species live on the mountain.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

In contrast, amphibians and reptiles are largely absent on the mountain due to the limited water sector.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[8] History around Fuji has been inhabited for at least 13,000 to 14000 years.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Humans probably began around the 7th century to share.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

to build shrines to the god of the mountain that overlooked the mountain.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

They were meant to appease a god.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[10] The first monk had ascended the mountain already in 663.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[2] Fuji became a subject of art in the 10th century.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[10] Fuji began to calm down in the 12th century, when it became a centre of ascetic Buddhism.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

In this form developed from Buddhism and Shinthism, mountains were worshipped as elements of nature.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The ascetics may have climbed to the summit to acquire spiritual strength from the mountain god.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The popularity of mountain asceticism soared in the 15th and 16th centuries, when routes to the top of the mountain were created today.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Around the same time, overnight accommodation for pilgrims began to be provided at the foot of the mountain and along the routes.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[10] By the 14th century, Fuji had also become a major object of painting.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

It became a motif of painting art, literature and many crafts between the 16th and 19th centuries.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Among the best known Fuji-themed works are woodcuts belonging to Hokusai's series of 36 views of Mount Fuji.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

With them, Fuji became a kind of hallmark of Japan as a whole in the Western world.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[11] During the Edo period, a form of Shinthism developed in which Fuji was worshipped.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Its grounds were laid by the ascetic Hasegawa Kakugyō who lived in the mountain cave.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The popularity of pilgrimage grew throughout, and in the 18th century visiting the mountain was formalised: pilgrims stayed in rented huts and performed religious washing in the lakes and springs of the mountain before ascending to the summit.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

After the Meiji Restoration in the late 19th century, women were also given permission to climb the mountain.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

At the same time, the popularity of the routes was increased by the development of traffic, which allowed easier access to the mountain.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[10] In June 2013, Fuji was annexed to the UNESCO World Heritage List.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[12] Tourism Fuji is the single most popular tourist destination in Japan, with over 200,000 people reaching the top each year.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The majority of people climb during the warmer summer months, and many start climbing at night to be at the top at sunrise.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

No special mountaineering skills are required to reach the summit of Fuji, although in some places the route is quite steep and rocky.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

The mountain is divided into ten camps; the tenth camp is at the top.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Up to the fifth camp in the middle stages of the mountain, a paved road rises.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

There are five camps on four sides of the mountain slopes, and most hikers leave from them.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Along the Yoshida Trail, there are the largest number of breaks: for example, there are more than ten tupa between the seventh and eighth camps.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Staying in Tuvi costs about 5000 yen without food and with two dishes about 7000 yen.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

[13] [14] See also List of greatest prominences List of highest points in countries Sources Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Oguchi, Takashi & Oguchi, Chiaki T. Mt.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Fuji: The Beauty of a Symmetric Stratovolcano.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

(ed.


Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

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Question: What is Japan's highest mountain?

Fuji (mountain)

Category:42 Asia Category:Japan Mountains Category:Sacred natural sites Category:Volcanoes of Japan Category:Layer volcanoes Category:Unesco World Heritage Sites in Japan Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

An everstone () is a fictional artifact or concept in the Transformers universe.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

In the Beast Machines series, the Beast Machines Ekikipin was described as the afterlife of transformers, from which the sparks of transformers arise and where they return when they pass out.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Robots in Disguise In the series Transformers: Robots in Disguise “Ekipin” is the name used from Vector Sigma.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

In the Transformers films directed by Michael Bay, Ikipin was referred to as the “Allspark” in subtitles (except for the television version).


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Allspark is a cube whose energy is able to create from any machine a transformer or fix this to what it used to be.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Unlike most continums where transformers were created by Primus, Allspark had created all life on Cybertron.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Transformers (2007) In the 2007 Transformers film, Megatron tried millennia ago to take it and use it to conquer Cybertron.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

The Autobots thwarted the plan by sending the Allspark into space.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Allspark ended up on Earth and fell into Colorado, where it was discovered by Sector 7 in 1913.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Megatron followed that, but made a forced landing at Earth's North Pole, where Captain Archibald Witwicky found him in 1897.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

There, Megatron's navigation system plotted details of Allspark's location on his glasses.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

In 1934, Allspark and Megatron were taken inside Hoover Dam and there it remained until the Decepticons attacked the dam.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Sam, Mikaela, Bumblebee, and Lennox's soldiers took it to Mission City, where the Decepticons as well as Megatron, which had been freed from deep ice, followed it.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Eventually, the fight in the city ended when Sam pushed the Allspark into Megatron's chest, causing both the Allspark's fragmentation and Megatron's death.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen In the film Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen it appeared that two pieces of Allspark still had power left.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

The other had clung to Sam's old shirt and also caused Sam visions related to the Prime's visit to Earth 19,000 years ago.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Sam gave it to Mikaela, who kept possession of it until Sam used it to resurrect Jetfire.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

The other, on the other hand, was in a bunker at NEST's base.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Soundwave found out its location and sent Ravage and his sidekick, Reedman, to take it.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

After it was taken, Ravage's other sidekick, the Doctor used it to revive Megatron.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Transformers: Animated Transformers: Animated Ekipin was a kind of crystal that was stored in a strange looking case.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

In terms of power, it was completely similar to the one in the Michael Bay films.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Optimus Prime, Bumblebee, Bulkhead, Prowl and Ratchet found it, but got the same way after Megatron.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

After startling Megatron off the bouquet, they made a forced landing in Detroit and after 50 years they woke up.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

When the Autobots first human ally, Sari Sumdac, discovered it, Ikikipin created a key for him that Sari could use to heal the damage suffered by the Autobots.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

At the end of Season 1, the Decepticons Lugnut and Blitzwing took it and revived Megatron.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Megatron finally got the Ikipin for himself and placed his spark chamber, resulting in Megatron becoming almost invincible.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

But then Optimus struck Sari's key straight into the Ikipin and scattered it into shrapnel.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

In Season 2 and 3, both the Autobots and Decepticons search for its chips.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

The chips caused freaks on several different machines in Detroit and also created new transformers like Romuloisen () and Constructicons Scrapper, Mixmaster and Dirt Boss.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

The Aligned Continuum Transformers: Exodus In the book Transformers: Exodus The everstone is a device located in the well of the Ikikipin (), where it like the Michael Bay film series and versions of Transformers: Animated creates new transformers.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

But the energon is instead of the energy produced by the Ekipin the “blood” of Primus.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

During the Civil War, however, Ikikipin stopped creating life.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

One of the representatives of the last generation created was the Autobot Bumblebee.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Later, Optimus decided to send the Ikipin into space.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

When the Autobots left Cybertron, they detected the signal of the everpin in one of the spiral galaxy.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

In the Transformers: Prime Animated series, Transformers: Prime Ekipin is described as similar to that in Transformers: Exodus and, like Beast Wars, as an afterlife of transformers.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Several characters are sworn by “Ikikipinä” during the course of the series.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

Ekippi only appeared in the television film Predacons Rising.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

It was enclosed in an indestructible reservoir built by Alpha Trion and drifted into the asteroid belt at Theta Scorp near where Optimus Prime and Wheeljack visited to retrieve it.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

But returning to Cybertron, Optimus had to empty the tank so it could be used to capture Unicron's Counterspark.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

The power of the everspine had been transferred to the Matrix of Leadership, so Optimus himself was at one with it and thus had to sacrifice himself so that it could be returned to the core of Cybertron and new life could once again be produced.


Question: Who created the Transformers?

Epiquipina

On topic elsewhere in category:Objects from the Transformers Universe


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire, right called François-Marie Arouet (21 November 1694, Paris — 30 May 1778 Paris), was a French writer and Enlightenment philosopher.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[1] Voltaire is known for his sharp intellect and philosophical writings.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Like many other Enlightenment thinkers, he was a liberal, advocated free trade, human rights, freedom of opinion and faith, and the right to an impartial trial.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He was an outspoken supporter of social reforms and an opponent of the régime of the Bourbons, despite France's strict censorship laws and tough punishments.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

As a satirical debater, Voltaire often used his works to criticize French governmental institutions, church doctrines, biblical inconsistencies, and the idiocy of the clergy.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Despite this, Voltaire was by no means a Democrat, as he felt the Republic represented “the idiocy of the masses”.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Instead, Voltaire advocated an enlightened autocracy in which the philosopher would work together with the king for the common benefit of his subjects.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He gained support for his ideas, especially in Prussia and Russia.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Among his best-known work is the satirical novel Candide.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire often found himself in trouble because of his criticisms: he served time twice in Bastille Prison and went into exile for three years in 1726.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

In the 1750s, Frederick II the Great took Voltaire under his patronage at Sanssouci Castle.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

While there, he engaged in a lively correspondence with Catherine the Great.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire died in Paris in 1778.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

After the Great French Revolution, his secular remains were transferred to the Panthéon.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Life Early years Voltaire was born in Paris in 1694.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

His parents were the notary François Arouet and his wife Marie Marguerite d'Aumard.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire spent most of his early life in and around Paris.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He studied for eight years at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand, where, among other things, he received art education.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Although he claimed he had learned nothing more than “Latin and fools” there, it allowed his literary gifts to develop, particularly in the field of theatre.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[2] [3] Voltaire left school at the age of 17 [2] and had already decided to become a writer by then.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

His father, however, would have preferred his son to study law.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire pretended to work in Paris as a lawyer's assistant, but spent most of his time writing satirical poetry.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

When his father found this out, he sent the boy again to read the law, this time to the provinces.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire, however, continued to write, producing essays and historical treatises that were not always historically accurate.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire's sharp intellect made him popular in noble circles.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

After criticising Louis XV's regent, Regent Philip II, in one of his poems, he faced nineteen months imprisonment in the Bastille.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[4] While there he wrote his first play Oedipen and adopted the novelist name Voltaire.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The play became very popular.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Exile to England, however, Voltaire's readiness for words produced him problems in the future.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He insulted the young nobleman Chevalier de Rohan, and his family acquired a secret royal power of attorney (lettres de cachet) which allowed the punishment of persons who had committed no crime or might have been a danger to the royal family.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

In this case, Voltaire was imprisoned in the Bastille for the second time, but was soon released on condition that he leave France.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[4] This was one of the reasons Voltaire sought to reform the French legal system.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire went into exile in England.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The country influenced him and his works considerably through experiences and thoughts.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He was impressed by the kingship of England and the relatively broad freedom of thought and religion that existed in the country.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[2] He was influenced by several individuals, including William Shakespeare.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The young Voltaire regarded Shakespeare as an example to which French writers should look, even if he later considered himself a superior writer.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

After three years in exile, Voltaire returned to Paris and published his thoughts in a fictional writing on English governance called Lettres philosophiques.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The letters caused great conflict in France, as Voltaire viewed the English kingship as more sophisticated than its French counterpart and more respectful of human rights, particularly regarding religious tolerance.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Eventually the inscriptions were burned and Voltaire was driven out of Paris.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[5] The English translation of the work Lettres philosophiques became very popular outside France.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire won a large sum in the lottery, and made successful investments in the colonial trade.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

With these, his financial situation developed very good, and he could lend money to dukes and princes.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[3] Financial independence, which was further strengthened when Voltaire received his father's inheritance, was important because he did not have to contemplate pleasing financial supporters in his writing.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[5] Château de Cirey In 1734, Voltaire settled in the Château de Cirey, located on the border of Champagne and Lorraine.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The building was repaired with his money.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

She became a friend of Gabrielle Émilie le Tonnelier de Breteuil, Marquisess of Châtelet.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Their fifteen-year friendship produced a lot of new thoughts.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire and the Marquisess collected more than 21,000 books, an immense number at that time.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

They studied these books together and conducted experiments in the “natural sciences”, that is, physics, in their laboratory.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[2] In 1736, the French Academy declared a competition for scientists to determine who would determine the properties of fire.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire weighed various substances before and after combustion to determine the mass of the fire.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Émilie Châtelet was secretly conducting her own research, and sent her own responses to the contest as well.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Neither of them won the competition, but the episode proved Châtelet capable of independent researcher work as well.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[6] Both he and Voltaire received honours in the competition, thus strengthening their reputation as scholars.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[5] Voltaire learned from his past troubles and refrained from insulting anyone personally and refusing all uncomfortable responsibilities.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He continued to write, publishing plays such as Mérope, and short narratives, among others.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

In these, time spent in England again served as a source of inspiration.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

In England, he had drawn much influence from Isaac Newton, the most famous scholar of the time.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire relied heavily on Newton's theories, particularly regarding optics (Voltaire and the Marquisess among others conducted a great deal of experiments based on Newton's observation that white light consisted of all colors in the spectrum) and gravity (the famous story of Newton and his an apple that fell on its head is recounted in Voltaire's work Essai sur la poésie épique).


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Although both Voltaire and the Marquisess were also interested in the thinking of Gottfried Leibniz, Newton's contemporary and rival, they remained “Newtonians” and based their theories on Newton's works and thoughts.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Although it has been suggested that the Marquisess would have been the more “Leibnizite” of the two, leading to tensions between them, this is probably an exaggeration — the Marquisess even once wrote, “je newtonise” (“I 'newtonoin'”).


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire wrote a book on Newton's thinking: Eléments de la philosophie de Newton (“Fundamentals of Newton's Philosophy”).


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[5] It was probably written together with the Marquisess Master.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire and the Marquisess also studied history, especially regarding persons who had made contributions to civilization.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire had been working on history since he had visited England.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

His second essay in English was titled Essay upon the Civil Wars in France.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

When he returned to France, he wrote a biographical treatise on King Charles XII of Sweden.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

It was the first work in which Voltaire rejected religion.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He wrote that human lives are not meant to be guided by larger beings.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The treatise won him a position as historian at the king's court.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire and the Marquisess also wrote about philosophy, especially metaphysics: what and why life is, whether God exists or not, and so on.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

They jointly study the Bible and seek to determine its validity.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire renounced religion and believed in the separation of church and state and freedom of religion, to which he had been given the idea in England.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

After the Marquisess's death, Voltaire moved to Berlin and joined the court of his friend and admirer Fredrik the Great.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[2] The king had repeatedly invited him to his palace, and now gave him an annual salary of 20000 francs.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

At first everything went well, but soon Voltaire began to face difficulties.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He got into an argument with the president of the Berlin Academy of Sciences and the case went to trial.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire wrote for this the mocking work Diatribe du docteur Akakia (“Doctor Akakia's Disgraceful Speech”).


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

This angered Fredrik, who burned every piece of the piece and arrested Voltaire.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire headed towards Paris, but Louis XV forbade this from entering the city.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Instead of this, Voltaire moved to Geneva, where he bought a big apartment.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Initially, he was openly received.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Disputes over the publication of the work La pucelle d'Orléans and the law prohibiting theatrical performances in Geneva led to Voltaire writing perhaps his most famous work, Candide satirising Leibniz's philosophy, in 1759 and eventually leaving the city.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire bought the castle in Ferney, a rural area on the Swiss-French border.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

There he lived from 1769 until the end of his life.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[5] Death Voltaire returned to Paris at the age of 83 and received a hero's reception.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

However, the stresses of the trip were too much for him and he died in Paris.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Because he had been critical of the church, he was not allowed to be buried in the churchyard.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Eventually he was buried in a monastery in Champagne.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

In 1791, his remains were transferred to the Panthéon of Paris.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[2] After Voltaire's death, his heart and brain were detached from the body.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The heart is kept in the French National Library, but the brain likely ended up in a chest of drawers, which was auctioned off alongside other furniture to an unknown buyer.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[7] Author name “Voltaire” The name Voltaire, which he adopted in 1718 not only as his writer name but also for daily use, is an anagram of the Latinized spelling form of his surname “Arouet” and the first letters of the business name “le jeune” (“the younger”): AROVET Le Ieune.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

The name also has echoes of the syllables of the name “Airvault” of the family's castle in the Poitou district in a different order.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Voltaire chose this name after Bastille's captivity, which has been thought to have been from him as a sign of separation from his family and past formally.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Richard Holmes has explored the name in his book Voltaire's Grin.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He, too, regards the name as an anagram, but adds that such a writer as Voltaire has probably also wanted the name to be associated with speed and courage, for example the words “voltige” (acrobatics on a trapeze or horse), “volte-face” (a quick turn to face an opponent), and “ volatile” (originally a designation for any winged creature).


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[8] [9] Philosophy and Politics Voltaire was a proponent of moral relativism.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

According to him, free values justify different procedures in different situations.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He also did not want to impose any unequivocal or carefully delineated model for a country's system of government, but thought the history and habitat of that country was strongly influenced and justified several different options.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Mostly, however, his reputation rests on his criticising and radical plays and writings.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He didn't exactly bring anything new to the philosophy of morality or information.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Like most other Enlightenment thinkers, Voltaire advocated reason rather than superstition, religions or mysticism, as well as political and economic liberalism over the old noble power and protectionist mercantilism and regulation.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

He praised Adam Smith, particularly stressed how a free economy makes people more tolerant of difference, and vehemently opposed serfdom in Europe.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

One of his well-known statements reads: “I know I am with civilized people because they war like savages”.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

A central theme of Voltaire's philosophy is personal and philosophical freedom.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

To achieve them, he praises two approaches: skepticism and experimental natural science.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[5] In his book Philosophical Dictionary, Voltaire praises Montesquieu's criticism against the slave trade: Voltaire felt that blacks at the time did not live intellectually, but they simply need time and in the future they too will farm the land well and know the trajectories of the stars.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

In Voltaire's work, Candide, the protagonist is horrified by “what price we eat sugar in Europe” when she meets a South American slave who has been mutilated for escape.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Else, he writes ivishly about “whites and Christians who buy blacks cheaply to sell them dearly in America.”


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Yet he is alleged to have supported the slave trade in a letter, [10] [11] [12] but the letter has been considered a forgery because “no satisfactory source has been found for its existence”.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[13] Works Voltaire was a very prolific writer and produced works in almost every field of literature, including plays, poetry, short stories, essays, historical and scholarly works, controversies, as well as over 14000 letters.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

[3] His most notable works are: Lettres philosophiques sur les Anglais (“Philosophical Letters from England”, 1733, revised edition 1778) Le Mondain (1736) Sept Discours en Vers sur l'Homme (1738) Zadig (1747) Mikromegas (French.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Micromégas, 1752) Candide (1759) Dictionnaire philosophique (1764) Épître à l'Auteur du Livre des Trois Imposteurs (“Letter to the Author of the 'Three Frauders'”) (1770) Plays Voltaire wrote 50—60 plays including some unfinished plays.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

His plays include: Oedipe (1718) Ecossaise Eriphile (1732) Mahomet Mérope Nanine Zaire (1732) Poetry Voltaire showed poetic talents at an early age.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Also, his first published works were poetry.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

In addition to numerous shorter poems, he wrote two long poems, under the names Henriade and Pucelle.


Question: What year was Voltaire born?

Voltaire

Henriade was written imitating Vergilius, using an alexandrine cuplet form modified into a monotone for dramatic use.