Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The solution was influenced by the healing of the hands, but the most significant factor was the health condition of Leonard's parents.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] Ray Leonard began his pro career by entering into a contract greater than which had never been offered to any fledgling boxer.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The contract guaranteed him a match fee of US$40,000 for the first fight already.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [7] As manager, he hired attorney Mike Trainer, who admittedly knew nothing about boxing, but Morton knew him and guaranteed his trustworthiness.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] For the position of coach, Eddie Futch and Gil Clancy were interviewed but eventually Angelo Dundee was hired, who was known as the coach of World Heavyweight Champion Muhammad Ali.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Dave Jacobs was also allowed to continue in his duties, as Dundee focused mostly on selecting style-appropriate, challenging opponents and furthering Leonard's career.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] [2] [3] [7] According to Trainer, Dundee's job was to act as “chairman” of Leonard's backing forces and to give their own, outsider opinion on matters to men who knew each other well.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] Beginning of professional career: rise to welterweight champion of the world (1977—1979) In his first professional bout, Leonard faced Puerto Rican Luis Vega on February 5, 1977.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] [3] [7] The start of the career received an extraordinary amount of attention, as the scuffle in Baltimore, Maryland was the main match of the evening and was televised throughout the United States by CBS.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [7] The match venue had 10170 spectators when Leonard started his career with a points win over Vega, who was only paid a fee of $650 for the match.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[7] In addition to his match fee, Leonard made a $30,000 share of box office revenue and a $10,000 share of the television rights purchased by CBS.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Thus, manager Mike Trainer was able to pay off a $21,000 debt that had been taken on to launch Leonard's pro career and with which his practice had been paid for the past 18 months.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] As early as the Olympics, Leonard had been referred to as Sugar Ray Robinson, referring to Sugar Ray Robinson, [2] [4] but the name stabilized by the end of 1978, by which time he had won all 17 of his fights, including World Championship challengers Randy Shields and Armando Muniz.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[7] Some thought the young boxer was arrogant to use the nickname, but Ray Robinson himself commented that he was only happy about it.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] Many boxers named Ray had also, prior to Leonard, been called by the same nickname.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[5] With popularity, premiums also increased.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard's manager Trainer managed to negotiate match deals with various television channels and also acquire a share of box office revenue for match arenas.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] On November 30, 1979, Sugar Ray Leonard faced WBC union world champion Wilfred Benitez in a championship match held at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[7] Benitez made $1.2 million from the struggle and Leonard $1.1 million.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

It was the first time non-heavyweight boxers received a bout fee of more than $1 million.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The encounter between Benitez and Leonard was also the first non-heavyweight boxing match to be aired on television in prime-time viewing time.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] Before the match, Muhammad Ali, on the phone, instructed Leonard to avoid any move that the judges might consider annoying the opponent.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] Following Ali's instructions, Leonard took the match in the usual basic style.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] He led the struggle from start to finish, but in the final round coach Angelo Dundee wanted to secure the championship and urged his protégé to attack harder.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[7] Leonard did the job as told and knocked Benitez down the canvas right at the end of the period.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Ring umpire Carlos Padilla halted the bout with only six seconds remaining.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] [3] [7] Second World Welterweight Championship: two fights against Durán (1979—1980) Leonard first defended his title against fellow Briton Dave Green, knocking him out in the fourth round.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] Green was a former, well-known world champion, but many thought already too old to be a contender.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [7] Leonard next faced Roberto Durán, who has dominated the world lightweight championship for years and now up to welterweight, in Montreal, Canada.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[7] The match became the most economically productive ever since its revenues were calculated to reach up to $29 million.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[8] Leonard was frustrated before struggling to exchange words with Durán and decided to beat him with this in his own style.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] He stood through the match with his feet firmly on the ground and attempted to defeat Dúran, known as the “Stone Fist”, in a direct exchange of punches.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] [3] The tactic did not work, and so Leonard suffered the first defeat of his career after a 15-round bout by unanimous points, with all three judges deeming Durán the winner by a difference of one or two points.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [9] Later Leonard has commented on the struggle: “The Montreal fight was not a boxing match but a street fight.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

I didn't utilize my skills then.” [1] Leonard and Durán faced off in a rematch on November 25, 1980 in New Orleans.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] [10] The odds between the fighters were even, although Leonard was thought to be able to avoid the problems of a previous struggle.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[10] The first six rounds of the match were even, and Leonard moved around a lot, striving to take cautious initiatives in grappling situations.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [10] In the seventh round, he began to annoy Durán by moving with his hands down around the ring and humiliated him by unexpectedly slapping his opponent across the face with his left hand, having first embarrassed him by raising his right hand into the batting position.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] [10] In the middle of the eighth round, Durán turned his back on his opponent and handed the match by saying, “No más” (Spanish, Finnish: “No more”).


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] [10] Durán decided on the extradition himself, and no external reason was found for it.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Even if the champion appealed for a stomach cramp and a sore right hand, giving up was still considered unwarranted.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard regained his WBC world title and the champion's obvious challenger was considered WBA federation world champion Thomas Hearns.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[10] Higher Welterweight World Championship, Unification of Welterweight Championships and Second Quitting (1981—1982) On March 28, 1981, Leonard defended his welterweight title successfully against Larry Bonds, and on June 25 he fought for the upper welterweight WBA federation for the world championship against Ayub Kalube.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[11] The match in Houston, Texas, was watched by 30,000 people.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard tired Kalube with his speed and pressured him with his strike sets, although Kalube had previously tired his own opponents in the same style.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard won his new world title in the ninth round by technical knockout after Kalube dropped out.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

However, he already relinquished his championship a month later, as two different weight class titles were not allowed to be held simultaneously.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[12] At Caesars Palace on September 16, 1981, Sugar Ray Leonard faced Thomas Hearns in a match that was staked for Hearns' WBA and Leonard's WBC union welterweight world titles.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The bout attracted plenty of attention beforehand, and the bout between stylistically disparate boxers was foreshadowed as a classic.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The 22-year-old Hearns was known as a power boxer, while 25-year-old Leonard was considered more skilled and faster.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[8] However, the betting odds brought Hearns, who had been undefeated, to a pre-favourite at odds of 7-5.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[13] Tickets sold out ten days before the match, with revenues reaching 32 million, surpassing the previous record set by Leonard and Durán's first match.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[8] The first two rounds of the match clearly went to Hearns mainly because of his constant effort to attack Leonard.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[14] Hearns dominated the struggle for the first five rounds and knocked Leonard's eye corner open in the third period.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

However, the bout swung in Leonard's favour after he faltered Hearns in the sixth round.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[12] However, in the rating judges' scores, Hearns was in the lead, and he managed to win 9th and 10th to his titles.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

batch.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[14] Leonard faltered Hearns again in the 13th round, and Hearns fell to the canvas for the first time after Leonard's strike series, but the round ended before the count ended.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[15] In the 14th round, Leonard got to hit Hearns with his punch kits, resulting in ring umpire Dave Pearl deciding to suspend the bout after 1.45 minutes of the round had elapsed.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard was declared the winner of the struggle and the undisputed world champion at welterweight by technical knockout.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[16] In the view of the ring umpire, Leonard had been clearly in charge all along, which is why he strongly criticised the actions of the referees after the match and believed there would have been a riot at Caesars Palace if Hearns had won by points.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard, on the other hand, was not surprised but stated that he was at a loss with points also against Durán and Kalube, even though they were ultimately defeated.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[14] Since then, Leonard defended his title successfully against Bruce Finch in February 1982.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

After Hearns, Leonard found it difficult to find interesting opponents, and the world champion had to spend plenty of time bringing out his opponent's talents.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard took an easy win over Finch, but he felt bad about seeing this family cry over defeat.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

He felt he was deluding himself when he had believed his opponent was superior to what he actually was.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[17] The match against Roger Stafford scheduled for May was forced to be cancelled when Leonard was diagnosed with a common retinal detachment in boxers in his left eye.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [16] [18] He had suffered an injury in practice and had to undergo surgery because of it.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[18] After surgery, Leonard announced that he would go on six months of sick leave, but to the surprise of many, announced on 9 November at the Baltimore Civic Center (his first game at the arena) that he was ending his career.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[16] A planned match worth $20 million for the World Middleweight Championship against Marvelous Marvin Hagler had to be cancelled.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[16] [18] Two Returns: World Middleweight Championship (1982—1987) After ending his career, Leonard often appeared in public as a television commentator for fights but fended off questions about his return.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[19] She has later said that ending her career at 26 was a great mental burden that weighed on her every day.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[17] Leonard said he would resume his career in December 1983, a year and a half after his most recent fight.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[19] He advertised at the press conference the upcoming match he would fight against 23-year-old Kevin Howard by holding a sign in his hands that said “The Best Is Back” (English: “Paras has come back”).


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [19] The return match was due as early as 25 February 1984, but when a medical examination found a defect in Leonard's right eye, the bout moved to 11 May.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[19] Leonard went to the fourth round, which was the first time in his career, and he was no longer as fast as he used to be.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[18] He eventually won the fight in the ninth round by technical knockout but then announced that he would once again end his career.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] [18] [19] He said he lost his desire to box and realised right after the bell rang that he didn't want to be in the ring.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[20] Leonard continued his work with the sport by appearing as an expert in match events and HBO's match broadcasts.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[18] [19] Leonard returned to the practice room in the spring of 1986 and announced his desire to face Marvelous Marvin Hagler in a match for the World Middleweight Championship.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[20] Leonard had previously answered a reporter's question about his possible return that he could only return to face Hagler.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard and Hagler had been discussing in January of the same year how spectacular the match between them would have become.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard told the same reporter he would fight Hagler if he wants to fight him.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

According to manager Mike Trainer, after this comment, “all hell broke loose.”


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[18] Leonard issued his formal challenge to Hagler on May 1, 1986, and 109 days later on August 18 he received an affirmative response.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Hagler had already considered retiring, but is alleged to have said he did not want to be remembered for avoiding Sugar Ray Leonard.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[18] The pair faced off on April 6, 1987 in a World Championship match, [3] to which Leonard left as an underdog in a betting ratio of 5—2.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[21] The 33-year-old Hagler had been fighting a losing streak for the past ten years and reigned for seven years for the middleweight title, but 30-year-old Leonard hadn't even fought in three years.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[17] Leonard made $11—12 million from the bout, and world champion Hagler's fee was $13—14 million.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[22] The bout was alleged to have attracted more attention than the World Heavyweight title fight at Thrilla in Manila between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[18] At the beginning of the struggle, Leonard moved a lot and sought to hit hits to Hagler, who was pursuing him.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard clearly won the first four rounds of the bout, [21] although Hagler tried to change the situation by taking turns left- and right-handed (southpaw and orthodox).


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[17] In the fifth and sixth rounds, Hagler got the distance he wanted and managed to win rounds, and in the ninth round he managed to drive Leonard into a corner and hit him with punch sets.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

However, Leonard got away and slammed punch kits into Hagler's face.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[21] The bout ended after the 12th round with a points verdict that divided the opinions of experts and boxing enthusiasts: [3] two judges named Leonard the winner with scores of 118—110 and 115—113, while one judge considered Hagler the winner by scores of 115—113.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[21] This is how Leonard became, at the age of 30, middleweight champion of the world.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The struggle was named Match of the Year by Ring Magazine and Leonard's win Surprise of the Year.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] The following month, Leonard again announced that he was ending his career.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] Upper Middleweight Championship season (1988—1989) Leonard's decision to quit again did not hold, instead he fought on November 7, 1988 against Don Lalonde.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

He knocked out Lalonde in the ninth round and won two titles: the vacant upper middleweight title as well as the heavyweight title held by Lalonde.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] He defended his title twice and in 1989 faced Thomas Hearns for the second time in a 12-round match.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard earned $14 million from the struggle and was the preseason favorite by a 3-to-1 ratio.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[13] The match was the second between Leonard and Hearns.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

It started calmly with Hearns trying to keep distance from his opponent with his jab.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The third period saw the first surprise of the evening when Hearns with his two right straights knocked Leonard down the canvas.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

However, this quickly got up and won the next three rounds.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

In the fifth round, Leonard began a frenzy attack that Hearns survived only by leaning on the ropes.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

After Hearns had won the sixth set of the fight, the struggle continued uneven and neither was able to take control of it.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

In the tenth round, Leonard's right straight made a cut below Hearns' eye, but the bleeding was brought to a halt during the wilderness break.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

In the eleventh round, Leonard visited the canvas for the second time and had to leave for the final round of the match unaware of the situation of an even struggle.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard got Hearns on the ropes again in the 12th round, hitting him with punchsets until the end of the struggle.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[13] The bout was judged a draw by the ring judges with scores of 113-112, 113-112 and 112-112.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Neither boxer protested against the verdict.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard said after the struggle that both he and Hearns had now at the latest proved they were champions.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[13] Six months later, Leonard faced Roberto Durán for the third time in his career.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] Leonard went into the struggle as a preseason favourite with a ratio of 9 to 5 and fought in a technically pure style, which he himself has later described as “the kind of thing one tries to teach young boxers”.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

In the eleventh round, Durán's blow opened a wound to Leonard's left eye corner, and by the end of the final round a gash also opened in the corner of his right eye.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

However, this did not prevent Leonard from taking a clear 3-0 point win over Durán.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Durán struck 588 strikes during the struggle, including hits in 84, while Leonard scored 228 of the 438 strikes he batted.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

After struggling, he again ended his career.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[23] Last fights: Two losses (1991—1998) The 1990 Leonard took a break, but in 1991 he faced lower middleweight champion Terry Norris at Madison Square Garden.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard entered the bout twice on the floor and lost via unanimous decision.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Immediately after the match he announced that he was ending his career, [3] but returned to the ring in 1997 and suffered a defeat to Hector Camacho.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] After the loss, Leonard announced his career had ended again [24] but soon announced that he would return again.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

He was scheduled to face Tony Menefee on February 15, 1998, but the bout was cancelled because Leonard did not consider himself motivated enough.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[25] When Leonard finally ended his career, his professional statistics included 36 wins (including 25 by knockout), 3 losses and one draw.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[26] Private Life and Substance Abuse Leonard married Juanita Wilkinson in 1980.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] They already had a child at that time Ray Jr., [2] and in 1984 another son Jarrel was born.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[27] Juanita never liked boxing.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[20] For example, she threatened to kill her husband if he confronted Hagler after being sidelined from boxing matches for three years before that.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[17] She also required Leonard to go through several medical tests after each match to be sure of her husband's health.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[28] The marriage ended after ten years in 1990 divorce.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] During the divorce, Juanita accused Leonard of physical abuse she had committed while under the influence of alcohol in an earlier summer.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

After the scandal came to light, Leonard announced at a press conference in March 1991 that he had used cocaine and high levels of alcohol between 1982 and 1986, when he took a break from boxing.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

He tried, in his own words, to retrieve from the substances the same excitement he had previously experienced when boxing, and told me that in retrospect he thought it was childish and foolish.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[29] Leonard met actress-model Bernadette Rob in 1989 and married her in August 1993.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

They have two children, Camille and Daniel Ray.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[28] As a boxer Style Sugar Ray Leonard was a fast boxer capable of dodging his opponent's punches and hitting punches.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] In his younger years, he used a similar style based on bowing and upper body swinging as Joe Frazier, but switched it after becoming familiar with Muhammad Ali's matches.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Through Ali, he began studying the style of Sugar Ray Robinson, which he named as his second prequel.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] He dodged blows by leaning backwards, which he embraced from Ali and Ken Norton.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[14] Leonard's technique has been considered almost perfect, [2] [3] in addition to which he was able to make frequent creative solutions in his matches.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[3] Sports Illustrated's Pat Putnam described his match style as “a mixture of speed, charm and explosive power.”


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[8] Leonard was known for his quick intellect and how he learned new things by watching films of old boxers' fights.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[2] Meaning Leonard is now considered by many to be the best heavyweight outside boxer since Sugar Ray Robinson.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[1] The Finnish boxing journalist Ilmo Lounasheimo, in his book Heroes of the Heroes of the Hero, called Leonard the only Sugar Ray after Robinson who really was worthy of his nickname.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[5] In 2009, boxing journalist Kieran Mulvaney, writing for Reuters, ESPN and TigerBoxing.com, ranked him as the 12th best boxer of all time [30] on ESPN's list.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard was elected to boxing's Hall of Fame in June 1997.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[28] Leonard was the first boxer to earn more than a hundred million dollars in his career [1].


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

As an actor, Leonard appeared in television commercials in the early 1980s.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The most famous of these was a promotional video made for the 7 Up soft drink, which also featured his son Ray Jr.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[14] As a regular cast member he was first seen in an episode of the Horror from the Crypt series in which he played a gravedigger [28].


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Since then, she has appeared in small roles in many TV series and films, e.g.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

as Detective Benny Lewis in three L.A.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

In an episode of the TV series Heat.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard has also done many cameo roles in films such as I Spy and The Fighter.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[31] He co-authored the Contender — Contender TV series from 2005 to 2007.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

In the series, 16 professional boxers competed with each other for the $1 million prize.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Leonard served as producer, presenter and boxers coach on the series along with Sylvester Stallone.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

[32] Professional match stats 36 wins (25 KO), 3 losses (1 KO), 1 draws [26] KO = Knockout, TKO = Technical Knockout, PTS = With points, DRAW = Draw = ScoreOpponentJudgmentDatesWinnyVegapts Single65.2.1977, Baltimore, MarylandDebut match as a professionWillie RodriqueZPTS Single614.5.1977, Baltimore, MarylandWinningVinnie DeBarrostko3 610.6.1977, Hartford, ConnecticutFrank SantoReko5 824.9.1977, Baltimore, MarylandVictin Estradako5 85.Nov 1977, Las Vegas, NevadaHector Diazko2 817.12.1977, Washington, D.CcanTorocky RampOnocky Ts Single84.Feb 1978, Baltimore, MarylandWart McKnightTKO7 March 81.1978, Dayton, OhioWinnsVier Munizko1 819 March 1978, New Haven, ConnecticutWinnBobby HaymantKO3 1013 Apr 1978, Landover, MarylandWinnAndy MiltontKO8 813.5.1978, Utica, New YorkWinning84.2.1978 Ael RodriqueZpts Single103.6.1978, Baltimore, MarylandWickDick EckLundPts Single1018.7.1978, Boston, MassachusettsVictoryFloyd MayWeathertKO10 109.9.1978, Providence, Rhode IslandWinnAndy ShiedSPTS Single106.10.1978, Baltimore, MarylandWinnBernardo Pradapts Single103.11.1978, Portland, ReputationArmando Muniztko6 109.12.1978, Springfield, MassachusettsVictorJohnny Ganttko8 January 1211, 1979, Landover, ReputationFernand MarcotTetko8 Feb 1011, 1979, Miami Beach, FloridaVictory Daniel Aldo Gonzalesko1 1024 Mar 1979, Tucson, ArizonaVolfo ViruetPTS Single1021.4.1979, Las Vegas, Nevada ProfitMarcos GeralDopts Single1020.5.1979, Baton Rouge, LouisianaWinning Tony Chiaverinitko4 1024.6.1979, Las Vegas, NevadaWon Peter RanzanyTKO4 1212 Aug 1979, Las Vegas, NevadaWon the NABF National Welterweight Championship. National Championship.VictoryWilfred Beniteztko15 1530.11.1979, Las Vegas, NevadaWon the WBC World Welterweight Championship.Victory Dave Greenko4 1531 March 1980, Landover, MarylandDefended the WBC World Welterweight ChampionshippingBerto Duránpts Single1520.6.1980, Montreal, QuebecLost the WBC World Welterweight ChampionshippingRoberto Durántko8 1525 Nov 1980, New Orleand, LouisianaWon the WBC Welterweight World ChampionshipWinning Marry Bondstko10 1528 March 1981, Syracuse, New YorkDefended the WBC World Welterweight ChampionshipWinning Yub Kaluletko9 1525 June 1981, Houston, TexasWon the WBA for the upper welterweight world championship.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Relinquished the title in July.VictoryThomas Hearnstko14 1516 September 1981, Las Vegas, NevadaDefended the WBC Welterweight World Championship.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Won the WBA Welterweight World Championship.Victory Bruce Finchtko3 1515February 1982, Reno, NevadaDefended the WBC/WBA World Welterweight Championship.Announced that he was ending his career due to retinal detachment. career.Victory Marvelous Marvin Haglerpts Shared (2—1) on April 126, 1987, Las Vegas, NevadaWon the WBC World Middleweight Championship.Announced he was ending his career.VictoryDonny LaLondetko9 on November 127, 1988, Las Vegas, NevadaWon the vacant WBC Upper Middleweight World Championship.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Won the WBC Heavyweight World Heavyweight Championship.DrawThomas HearnsDraw12June 12, 1989, Las Vegas, NevadaDefended the WBC Upper Middleweight World Championship.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

The bout was for the WBO Upper Middleweight World Championship.Victory Roberto Duránpts Single127.Dec 1989, Las Vegas, NevadaDefended the WBC Upper Middleweight World Championship.Announced that he was ending his career.LossTerry Norrispts Single129.February 1991, New York, New YorkThe match was the WBC upper middleweight championship. Welterweight World Championship.Announced he was ending his career.Loss to Hector CamaChotko5 on March 121, 1997, Atlantic City, New Jersey The match was for the IBC Middleweight World Championship.


Question: Where was Sugar Ray Leonard born?

Sugar Ray Leonard

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lounasheimo, Notic| title = Heroes of the Circle | location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1987| id = ISBN 951-0-13981-5| page= 436—445}} References elsewhere Category:79.4 Strength, self-defense Category:American boxers Category:U.S. Olympic champions Category:Born in 1956 Class:Living persons Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Lars Gustaf Oscar Dansk (born February 28, 1994 in Stockholm, Sweden) is a Swedish ice hockey goaltender who fends off NHL team Vegas in the Golden Knights organization.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He plays mainly for its farm team the Chicago Wolves.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Danski's strengths include agility, technical skills, mentality and opacity.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[1] Career Seurura Dansk is raised by Väsby IK.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

As early as a junior high school age in North America, he played for the school team at Shattuck St. Mary's.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

In the 2009—10 season, Dansk was awarded as TV-Pucken's best goalkeeper.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He returned to his homeland for the 2010—11 season, transferring to Brynäs IF.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He played his season between the club's J20 and J18 juniors.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Dansk won the season-ending J18 Allsvenskan bronze.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[1] During the season, he also donned Brynäs' jersey in the Elitserien for eight regular season and four playoff games.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

In the 2011—12 season, Dansk suited up for 11 regular season and five playoff games in the Elitserien.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

However, he did not receive any playing time in the Elitserien during the two seasons.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[2] In the summer of 2012, Danski was booked in the entire NHL draft by the Columbus Blue Jackets as the first player of the second reserve day, namely number 31 in the second round.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

That same summer, he was also booked by OHL team Erie Otters as the CHL's reserve third player.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Dansk transferred to the Otters for the 2012—13 season.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[3] [4] In the 2013—14 season, he had the best conceded goals average in the entire OHL (2.39) and Dansk was thus awarded with the Dave Pinkney Trophy.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He was selected to finish the season for the league's third constellation field.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[1] In May 2014, Dansk signed a three-year rookie contract with the Blue Jackets.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[5] [6] He moved into the club's organization for the 2014—15 season and began his season with AHL team Springfield Falcons.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[7] Dansk played 21 regular season games there as well as 11 games for ECHL team Kalamazoo Wings.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

As the Blue Jackets could not guarantee him regular playing time in the AHL, Dansk was allowed to step out of the way of Anton Forsberg and Joonas Korpisalo in the Falcons' goalkeeping hierarchy and the club sent him on loan to his native SHL (ex.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Elitserien) rising team to the jersey of Rögle BK for the 2015—16 season.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[8] Dansk made his SHL debut in the opening round of the regular season on 17 September 2015 in an away game against Frölunda HC.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He fended off Rögle in a match that ended in a 2—1 defeat, scoring 35 times.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

In the next match, the team's home opening on 19 September 2015 against Linköpings HC, Dansk played the first zero game of his SHL career, fending off Rögle in a match that ended in a 3—0 win, scoring 28 times.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He snagged himself the team's principal tackling responsibility over the season and played 36 regular season games during his rookie season, fending off two zero games.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[2] In the 2016—17 season, Dansk continued on loan at Rögle.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[9] He left for the season as Lars Volden's cuckold and shouldered most of the fighting responsibility for the fall season.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

However, in December 2016, Rögle's goalkeeping department was replenished with Anders Lindbäck and in January Volden left the team.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Lindbäck shouldered most of Rögle's late-season tackling responsibility.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Dansk played 24 regular season games during the season, fending off two zero games.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[2] After the end of the SHL season, in April 2017 he moved to the strength of the Blue Jackets' farm team, the Cleveland Monsters' AHL team.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

However, Dansk received no playing time there.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[10] In July 2017, as a free agent, Dansk signed a year-long, two-way and $650,000 contract with NHL expansion team Vegas Golden Knights.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[11] He was sent by the club at the conclusion of fall training camp to AHL team Chicago Wolves.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[12] Dansk played one game there until he was called up to the Golden Knights' NHL strength to patch up Marc-André Fleury's injury.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

At the same time, Maxime Lagacé was sent to the farm by the club.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Dansk made his NHL debut on October 22, 2017 against the St. Louis Blues.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Malcolm Subban started with a goal-line for the team, but in the third period of his game in a time of 50.50 he was injured and Dansk was substituted for the Golden Knights' goal after the team led the match with a reading of 2—1.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

In the third period, Dansk let Alex Pietrangelo's equalising goal behind him.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

The match progressed to overtime, where William Karlsson finally settled a 3—2 win for the Golden Knights in a time of 64.36.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Dansk countered ten times in the match.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[13] With both Fleury and Subban sidelined, the team was mired in a peculiar situation where the goalie duo Dansk-Lagacé, who had been elevated from the AHL, had NHL experience totaling only 13.46 minutes played by Danski.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[14] Dansk consequently played his first NHL game as a starting goaltender on October 24, 2017 against the Chicago Blackhawks.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He fended off the Golden Knights in the match that ended in a 4—2 win, scoring 31 times.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Dansk was chosen as the number one star of the match.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[15] National club Dansk played in the European Under-20 World Championship competitions in 2014, when he won silver.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Dansk was awarded as the best goalkeeper of the tournament.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He was also selected at the conclusion of the semi-final match against Russia as the best player of the Sweden match.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[16] Dansk was also included in the Swedish squad for the 2013 tournament.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He served as the team's number three goaltender and only suited up for one match.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[2] Dansk won silver from the tournament.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[1] Dansk also played in the European Under-18 World Championship competitions in 2012, when he won silver.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

Coaching selected Danski as one of the top three players of the tournament in Sweden.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He was also selected at the conclusion of the starting block match against Russia as the best player of his team's match.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[17] Dansk also played in the Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament for under-18s in 2011, winning silver.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

He also played in the Under-19s World Junior A Challenge that year.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

In total, Dansk has played 11 youth and 22 boys' country matches.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[1] Change Danski's older brother Victor has also played hockey.


Question: What club was raised by Oscar Dansk?

Oscar Dansk

[1] Statistics Regular Season Playoff TeamLigaovhtminpmnppmktp%ovhminpmnppmktp%2012—2013Erie Ottersohl4311236239316404.1188.8—————————2013—2014Erie Ottersohl42299124059662.3990,9301121406.7979,72014—2015Springfield FalconsaHL2177011446803.5788.0——————————Kalamazoo Wingsechl111805303303.7388.9———————————2015— 2016Rögle BKSHL361321019478722.6891,1———————————2016—2017Rögle BKSHL24616013416723.0090,3————————— National Team Statistics Annual TournamentsovhminPMNPPMKTP% 2012U18541273911.9893,72014JMM6513701111.7992,9 Sources at References Category:Swedish ice hockey goalkeepers Category:Vegas Golden Knights players Category:Players reserved by Columbus Blue Jackets Category:Born in 1994 Category:Live persons


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Upright|miniature|Neste Tower was completed in Keilaniemi, Espoo in 1976 and was for a long time the tallest tower block in Finland.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

It is today the headquarters of Fortum.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the 1970s, Finland was an intensively developing society with a population of four and a half million people.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In Finland, the so-called Kekkonen period and the YYA agreement, or the “Agreement on Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance” with the Soviet Union, prevailed.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Major events in politics included the Helsinki Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the accession to the EEC (Finland's EEC Free Trade Agreement).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Among other things, legislation and the education system developed more modern in many ways.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Also a significant phenomenon was the abundant migration from the countryside to the cities and the growth of large urban suburbs.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the late 1970s, new wave rock music took place in culture, for example, with the establishment of “live music associations”, the beginning of the green movement and the spread of Finnish alternative culture.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Politics Parties and Parliament in Finland prevailed throughout the 1970s the so-called Kekkonen period and the time of Finnishness.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The YYA agreement between Finland and the Soviet Union was extended for 20 years in 1970.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

President Urho Kekkonen was elected by emergency procedure to his fourth term in office in 1974 — a law to extend the president's term by four years emerged after colourful steps in January 1973 — and in a normal election of electors with the support of a broad political front for the fifth for its season in 1978.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the 1978 election, Kekkonta faced four minor party candidates.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Four parliamentary elections were held in Finland in 1970, 1972, 1975 and 1979.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

President Urho Kekkonen dissolved parliament twice, first in the autumn of 1971 and the second time in the summer of 1975.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The Finnish Rural Party achieved a major victory in the 1970 elections, but split in two due to internal disputes already a couple of years later.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In this case, the party's opposition formed the new Finnish People's Unity Party, which, however, soon fell out of parliament.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Furthermore, line disputes that broke out within the Coalition and the Swedish People's Party led to the emergence of the Constitutional People's Party.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The Social Democratic League of Labour and Small Farmers (TPSL) disappeared from the party map, while the Christian Union of Finland emerged as a new party in parliament.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Party members who opposed the abolition of the TPSL founded the Socialist Workers' Party, but it failed to gain MPs in a single parliamentary election.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The party was deregistered in 1979.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Political governments were mostly built on the so-called Popular Front base (SDP, SKDL and Centre Party); the Coalition was in opposition throughout the decade.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

During the decade, three so-called civil service governments operated in Finland, two of which were headed by Lord Mayor Teuvo Aura and one by Deputy Judge Keijo Liinamaa, who also became known as a long-time regency conciliator.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Kalevi Sorsa's first government sat for nearly three years and became the second longest-lived government in Finland until then.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

When the formation of a new political government proved difficult in the autumn of 1975, President Urho Kekkonen “scrambled” together a “state of emergency government”, with Martti Miettunen, who had already retired as Prime Minister.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Well-known opposition politicians included Tuure Junnila, Eero Lattula, Pentti Mäki-Hakola and Kullervo Rainio (Kok.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

), Veikko Vennamo and J. Juhani Kortesalmi (SMP), and Georg C. Ehrnrooth (RKP).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Rainio and Ehrnrooth switched to the Constitutional People's Party.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The coalition was influenced by a group of so-called renovators, whose most prominent figures were Juha Vikatmaa, Ilkka Kanerva and Ilkka Suominen.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The group sought to make the Coalition fit to govern by bringing the party closer to a more sympathetic line towards Urho Kekko and the Soviet Union.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the 1970s, a strongly political term was used to refer to the internal opposition of the Communist Party of Finland led by Taisto Sinisalo and the movement around it.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The concept was invented by editors of Helsingin Sanomat in the early 1970s


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe 1975 Finland briefly rose to the world's attention when the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) was held at Helsinki's Finlandia House in the summer of 1975.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The meeting was attended by all European states — except Albania — as well as the United States and Canada.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Many heads of state also took advantage of the opportunity offered by the OSCE to engage in bilateral and multilateral discussions.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Movement and Scandal Some of the most shrugged political memoirs of the decade included The Difficult Time of the Continuation War Prime Minister Edwin Linkommies, which the author had ordered publication only after his death.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The work was edited by Professor Eino E. Suolahti.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Along with the events of the period described by the book, the debate was also sparked by Linkomman's assessments of other politicians of the same period.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

A two-volume collection of letters from my mill published by President Urho Kekkonen in 1976, which brought the term mill letter into political parlance.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The preparation of the FTA between Finland and the EEC was accompanied by the Zavidovo leak in autumn 1972, in which a memorandum on secret talks between President Urho Kekkonen and the Soviet leadership a year into the public domain.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The leak was prompted by opposition from the political far-left to clinching a deal.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

At the end of the decade, Finnish political life began to be shaken by the Salora and Valco scandals.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1979, environmental activism came to public prominence when the Koijärvi movement blocked the Koijärvi drainage project in Forssa, considered a major bird area.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Partly influenced by the ideas of punk music and new wave music, conscientious objector and civilian service began to become considerably more common compared to what was before.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Entering civilian service was not easy, but required the conviction to be formally proven.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Teen Unions Politics also entered schools with the advent of teen unions seeking to influence the status of students and schoolchildren.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

For example, the concept of a students' strike was known in the political parlance of teen unions.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Law on miniature|May Day in Helsinki in 1975 in the 1970s, numerous major legislative acts were implemented in Finland: 1970: Racial discrimination became a punishable act.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1971: Homosexual intercourse was legalised.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1971: Act on unemployment allowance and unemployment funds were enacted.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1972: Wartime death penalty was abolished from law.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1972: The voting age was lowered to 18.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1973: A law on children's day care was enacted.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1975: Discipline room punishment removed from law.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1976: The age limit was lowered to 18 years.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1977: The Tobacco Act went into effect.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1978: The Consumer Protection Act was enacted.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Prominent politicians Urho Kekkonen, President of the Republic Mauno Koivisto, Prime Minister and Finance Teuvo Aura, Prime Minister, Lord Mayor Ahti Karjalainen, Chief and Foreign Minister Rafael Paasio, Prime Minister, SDP President Kalevi Sorsa, Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, SDP Party Secretary and President Keijo Liinamaa, Mediator and Prime Minister Martti Miettunen, Prime Minister Arvo Aalto, Minister of Labour Georg C. Ehrnrooth, MP, First President of the Finnish Constitutional People's Party, Eino Haikala, Finland President of the People's Unity Party and presidential candidate in 1978 Harri Holkeri, President of the Coalition Party Keijo Korhonen, Foreign Minister Väinö Leskinen, Foreign Minister Eino Poutiainen, MP for the Finnish Rural Party and Party Secretary Juha Rihtniemi, Coalition Party President Aarne Saarinen, MP and Chairman of the People's Democratic League of Finland Ahti M. Salonen, President of the Constitutional People's Party 1978 Aarre Simonen, Minister of Justice, Chairman of the Social Democratic League of Labour and Small Farmers Taisto Sinisalo, leader of the minority of the SKDL, “Taisist” Veikko Vennamo, MP for the Rural Party of Finland, Chairman and Presidential candidate 1978 Juha Vikathmaa, MP of the Coalition Party, Johannes Virolainen, Minister of Education and Finance; Minister of Agriculture and Forestry, President of the Centre Party Paavo Väyrynen, Minister of Foreign Affairs Raino Westerholm, MP of the Christian Union of Finland, Chairman and Presidential candidate 1978 The administrative division in the 1970s Mainland Finland consisted of 12 counties: Turku and Pori County, Uusimaa County, Kymi County, Häme County, Mikkeli County, Vaasa County, Central Finland, Kuopio County, North Karelia County, Oulu County and Lapland County.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Self-governing Åland formed its own county.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Until 1977, there were three forms of municipalities in Finland: cities, merchant farms and rural municipalities.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Under the Municipal Act, which came into force at the beginning of 1977, even the last commercial establishments were converted into cities and the number of towns increased considerably.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The town turned into a mere denomination that no longer had legal significance.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Former trading establishments that turned into cities in the 1970s include Espoo, Imatra, Jämsä, Kemijärvi, Lapua, Lieksa, Nokia, Raisio, Virrat, Ylivieska and Äänekoski.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the 1970s, several municipal affiliations were made, most notably in 1973 and 1977.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The number of municipalities fell from about 520 at the beginning of the decade to about 460 at the end of the decade


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In particular, small municipalities of only about a thousand or two thousand inhabitants declined.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

During the decade, several rural municipalities surrounding towns were abolished, whose territories could even extend to urban unitary centrist districts.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

With this, for example, the administrative areas of Iisalmi, Kajaani and Tammisaari grew.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Such municipal affiliations continued until the 21st century: the last rural municipality surrounding the city to be abolished was the rural municipality of Jyväskylä, which was only abolished in 2009.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Demography Population changes At the end of 1970, Finland's population was about 4,598,000, and at the end of 1979 Finland had about 4,771,000 inhabitants.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The population grew by around four per cent in the 1970s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[1] [2] On average, about 63,000 children were born each year.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Slightly more children were born than in the 2000s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Only just under six per cent of children born at the beginning of the decade were illegitimate, but as attitudes liberalised, the proportion of illegitimate births rose to around 12 per cent by the end of the decade.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The average age of those giving birth rose.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Mortality peaked at 9.9 per million in 1971 and lowest at 9.2 per million in 1978 and 1979.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

An average of about 44,000 people died each year.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Infant mortality decreased from 11.4 per cent at the beginning of the decade to 7.5 per cent at the end of the decade.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] At the end of the 1960s, a lively migration of Finns after work to Sweden began, as rising living standards in the domestic cities reduced employment in rural areas and at the same time Sweden quickly needed additional labour.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[3] Migration was still so lively in 1970 that Finland's population fell momentarily.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

With rising living standards in the early part of the decade, emigration plummeted.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1970, more than 50,000 Finns moved abroad, but in 1973 only about 10,000.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[4] Later in the 1970s, many emigrated from Sweden back to Finland.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[5] The number of immigrants in Finland in the 1970s was very low.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1973, the first larger group of refugees arrived in Finland, Chileans who fled the persecutions of Pinochet.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The regional distribution of the population in the 1970s saw a rapid increase in population, especially in the metropolitan area.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Already, the brisk migration from rural to urban areas that began in the previous decade, considerable urbanization, and the strong growth of large urban suburbs continued through the 1970s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Especially the young big baby boomer moved to the cities.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

By late 1970, about 51% of Finns lived in cities, and by the end of the decade the percentage of people living in the city had risen to nearly 60%.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] Finland's largest cities at the end of 1979 were Helsinki (483,743 inhabitants), Tampere (165,883 inhabitants), Turku (163,903 inhabitants), Espoo (133,712 inhabitants), Vantaa (129,807 inhabitants), Lahti (94,900 inhabitants) and Oulu (93,420 inhabitants).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The table shows the population at the end of 1970 and 1979 according to Statistics Finland according to Statistics Finland.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] The North Karelia Project A major public health promotion project was the North Karelia Project launched in 1972 on the initiative of Commissioner Esa Timonen.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The inhabitants of Eastern Finland and especially of North Karelia County, especially men, had higher cardiovascular mortality rates and thus shorter lifespan, especially due to smoking and excessive use of salt and hard fat.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Later, the project proved successful.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Economic life in the 1970s Finland's economic development was uneven.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The beginning of the decade was a period of strong growth, but there were bad setbacks in the middle of the decade.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The late 1970s saw the first post-war period of mass unemployment, when the number of unemployed briefly reached over 200,000.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

However, national income per capita rose markedly over the decade.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The 1973 oil crisis did not hit Finland as hard as the rest of Europe, because due to the clearing trade agreement, the sharp rise in Soviet oil prices was offset by increased export opportunities to the east.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[5] By the early 1980s, Finland had become one of the most prosperous countries in the world.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The importance of primary production as a means of livelihood declined in the 1970s, while the service industry grew in importance.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[6] At the beginning of the decade Finland was still far more agrarian than other Western European countries and also far behind others in the level and extent of its social security.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

However, as early as the 1970s, income inequality among Finns was low, and the new Finnish social policy was central to the aim of low income inequality.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Working hours were reduced and a number of different subsidies were introduced, including unemployment pension, housing benefit and student allowance.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[5] Inflation reached a nearly all-decade high of more than 10%.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The Finnish mark was devalued several times and at the end of the decade was revalued once in order to put the economy in a boom.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[5] In autumn 1973, the Finnish Parliament adopted a free trade agreement between Finland and the EEC of the European Economic Community, which entered into force at the beginning of 1974.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

A little earlier there had been an economic cooperation agreement between Finland and SEV, the Economic Community of Socialist Countries.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Among the upheavals in logging, one can mention the first Pika 75 food processor, completed in 1975.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

It was the first logging machine in the Nordic countries to cut down, prune and cut the tree without the assistance of a logger.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

This was a significant step in logging, but also led to the reduction of the loggers' professional group to a fraction of the former.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In retail, a major novelty of the decade were the major automotive markets.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Finland's first automarket was the Raketti in Hämeenlinna, which was part of the Anttila chain, opened in December 1970.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[7] Next opened Maxi Market in Leppävaara, Espoo in 1971.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[8] [9] Also in 1971 the first Kesko Citymarket was opened in Lahti, [10] and in 1972 the first S-Group Prisma opened in Jyväskylä.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[11] Overall, Finland's gross domestic product rose from around 44.9 billion marks in 1970 to 161.3 billion mark in 1979 (in 1980 money).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Prices of various commodities rose much faster than GDP, so, relative to 1975 prices, for example, 1979 gross domestic product was only 75% higher than it was in 1970.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] [12] State balance sheet between revenue and expenditure in the 1970s: [2] 1970197119721973197419751976197719781979Over or deficit, 1,000,000 mk+475.3+221.2+335.1-64.9-376.2-2,438.0+1,037.8 +104.3+1,455.6-1,716.4 Delinquency in 1970+ 4—1979 recorded about 200,000 a crime committed against the Criminal Code per year.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The number was on a slow climb.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Intentional homicides were reported annually in that period between 105 and 148; their rate had risen slightly compared to the 1960s and remained relatively the same until the millennium fold.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] [13] Known criminal cases of the decade include the 1972 triple slaying of Kytäja, the unsolved murder of Susanne Lindholm in 1976, and the 1978 Oulu plane hijacking.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the 1970s, more corruption and other financial crime began to occur in Finnish corporate life, with which business leaders sought to obtain decisions that were favourable to themselves from authorities and politicians, avoid paying taxes and payroll taxes, or improve their own positions in various Good Brother networks.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Some of the biggest financial crime cases of the decade were the Salora case, the Noppa case, the Helsinki metro circuit and the Kone bankruptcy fraud case in the Gulf of Finland.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Particularly high levels of financial crime and corruption occurred in the construction industry.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Many of the cases continued well into the 1980s as litigation known as ramblings.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[14] [15] Transport Road transport First registrations of passenger cars increased considerably compared to previous decades: in all, around 966,000 passenger cars were first registered in the 1970s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

On the other hand, fewer trucks and motorcycles were registered.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The number of cars, cars, trucks and other cars in Finland was around 828,000 in 1970, while in 1979 already around 1.3 million.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Motorcycles, on the other hand, numbered just over 40,000 through the 1970s, which was far fewer than in the 1960s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] Saab and Lada passenger cars grew in popularity as drive cars.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[16] [17] Saab manufacturing in Finland brought the Saab 96 and Saab 99 models to a reputation as safe family cars.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Japanese passenger cars, which appeared in the 1960s, also continued to grow in popularity, while the market share of UK-made cars began to drastically decline.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In automotive technology, front-wheel drive technology began to rise alongside old-fashioned rear-wheel drive technology.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

At the end of the decade, Talbot (initially Chrysler) passenger cars began to be assembled in Finland as well.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The best-selling passenger car brands of the decade, along with Saab and Lada, were Ford, Fiat, Datsun, Toyota, Opel, Volkswagen and Volvo.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The importation of Volkswagen Bubble, one of Finland's most sold passenger cars, ended in 1975.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Road safety improved considerably in Finland during the 1970s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the early 1970s, Finland was one of the most dangerous road transport countries in the world, explained by factors such as the significant increase in the number of cars and the poor condition of the roads.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

1972 was the darkest year in Finland's road history, with as many as 1,156 traffic deaths and nearly 16,000 injuries, despite the fact that there were more than twice as much traffic on the roads as today.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[18] The most devastating road traffic accidents of the decade were at least the Kannonkoski level crossing accident on 22 February 1971, the Luumäki bus crash on 17 November 1973 and the Lauka bus crash on 5 July 1974.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In his New Year's speech in 1973, President Urho Kekkonen called for measures to be taken to increase road safety.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1972, the use of headlights in winter became mandatory and the following year it was legislated mandatory regardless of the time of year and day.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1975, the requirement for the use of seat belts in the front seats of passenger cars came into effect.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1977, helmet compulsion was enacted for motorcyclists and promilling limits for drunk driving were defined, although driving while intoxicated was punishable before.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1978, the use of winter tires during the winter months became compulsory and a permanent speed limit system was enacted.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Admittedly, speed limits had been tried before, but they were thought more to cause congestion and restrict individual freedom than to increase safety.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In 1978, only 610 died in traffic and around 8,700 people were injured.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[19] Rail transport The old wooden carriages were replaced by new blue express cars at the time.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Diesel locomotives were usually used as locomotives; steam locomotives in regular service were last used in 1975.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The most important sections of the line built in the 1970s include the Tampere—Seinäjoki line (part of the Finnish main line; 1971), the Martinlaakso line (1975) and the Jämsä—Jyväskylä line (1977).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Thanks to the new lines, train travel was accelerated.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

By the beginning of the 1970s, only the section of the line between Helsinki and Kirkkonummi was electrified; during the decade the Finnish main line from Helsinki to Seinäjoki, a rail link from Riihimäki via Kouvola to the port of Kotka was electrified, as well as the new Martinlaakso line.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The current metropolitan commuter rail service was started at the beginning of the decade when electric train services in the metropolitan area had been introduced.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[20] Sea and air transport Maritime passenger and freight volumes increased considerably in the 1970s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Passenger numbers in air transport also increased.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Domestic airlines still had a traffic performance of around 700,000 passenger km in 1970 and nearly two million passenger km in 1979.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] In 1975, Finnair introduced its first wide-body aircraft, the DC-10-30.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Old Caravelle machines began to be progressively replaced by newer DC-9 machines.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Education in the 1970s saw the transition from a parallel school system formed by national schools and grammar schools to a primary school system.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The purpose of the elementary school system was to guarantee equal starting points for all children on the path of study.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The introduction of the new school system also meant a major overhaul of curricula and methods.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The first to enter the primary school system was the County of Lapland in 1972 and the last by the metropolitan area in 1977.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Saturdays became free from the beginning of the fall semester 1971, and at the same time schoolchildren's summer vacations were cut short by a couple of weeks.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[21] As recently as 1970, nearly three out of four people of working age were without post-primary qualifications.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

By then 15% of the working age population had obtained secondary degrees and 11% of the population of tertiary education.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Since the early 1970s, Finland has been aiming for all young people to complete secondary education and some education leading to the labour market.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

As early as the 1970s, the proportion and number of working-age people in primary education only began to decline.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

By the time of entering the 1980s, about 30% of 25—44-year-olds had completed secondary education and about 25% had completed a tertiary degree.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Of those aged 45 to 64, about 13% had completed secondary education and about 10% had completed a tertiary degree.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[22] Architecture Notable buildings built in the 1970s in Finland include Imatra City Hall (1970), Finlandia Hall (1971), Näsinneula (1971), Oulu City Theatre (1972), Tornio City Hall (1974), Helsinki Exhibition Centre (1975), Fortum headquarters (1976) and Church of the Cross (1978).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Fortum's headquarters (initially the Neste Tower) in Keilaniemi, Espoo, was for the next 30 years the tallest tower block in Finland until it was overtaken by the Vuosaari Cirrus in 2006.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Fortum's headquarters are still the tallest office building in Finland.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The “box-like” architecture of the 1970s is represented by, for example, Helsinki's Merihaka and East Pasila.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The housing development of the 1970s was marked by affordability and area construction.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the peak years of the decade, up to 70,000 new homes were built, more than twice as many as today.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[23] A particularly large number of apartment blocks were built.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The construction of townhouses also became much more common.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] Even small houses built in the 1970s were often flat roofs, which has proved problematic in the Finnish climate.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Small houses were often built of red brick.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Another problem associated with small houses of the era are the thermal insulators laid on top of the concrete slab.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[24] The houses were trendy with carpeted floors and private pools.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[25] Notable Finnish architects of the 1970s included Alvar Aalto, Martti Jaatinen, Juha Leiviskä, Reima Pietilä, Timo Penttilä, Aarno Ruusuvuori, Arto Sipinen and Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Religion In the late 1970s, about 90.5 percent of Finns were Lutheran, about 1.1 percent were Orthodox, and about 7.7 percent were non-denominational groups.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Religion was more than twice as common in cities as in rural areas.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[2] The most famous religious influencers was Pentecostal preacher Niilo Yli-Vainio.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Among the biggest names in spiritual music, meanwhile, is Viktor Klimenko.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Finnish language novelizations of the 1970s or words used in the medium of information during the decade: ale (short for discount sales) regional politics everyday cohabitation concrete piglet dinari disco south travel revival feminism fiftari hippie hoide, dry, solvent, filter, bulletin etc. troublemaker interrail paternity leave pounding popular front arms race consensus korpi (popular designation for remote place) consumer advocate calculator slumping holiday money nature conservation microprocessor mill letter zero research problem waste primary school, primary school and secondary school punkkari fat war real time, real time chauvinist pig (name of a man who oppresses women) Finnish telegraphy tupo (short for income policy) FAQ (abbreviation Urho Kaleva Kekkonen) streaking vodka tourism color television [26] Literature In the 1970s the traditional novel rose to yet another heyday, and extensive provincial epics and novel series dominated the entire 1970s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

These often dealt with traditional country life and the vanishing country landscape.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Among the most consistent social descriptors of domestic literature of the time is at least Eeva Joenpelto, whose most distinctive works are the novels of the four-part Lohja series depicting interwar life (1974—1980).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Eino Säinen, on the other hand, described the postwar life of a northern Savonian village in the novel series The Lands of the Flowering Road (1971—1980).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Heikki Turku has been considered a spot of colour in rural photography, and his novels include Simpauttaja (1973) and Hupeli (1978).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Urban worker quarters were also photographed in the 1970s.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In his works set in Helsinki, Alpo Ruuth depicted, among other things, young marriage, living and employment difficulties, and emigration.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Eila Pennanen, on the other hand, wrote about the Tamperean collar poverty of the early decades of the 20th century.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The depiction of civilisation and urban bourgeoisie was still largely left to Finnish-Swedes such as Jörn Donner, Christer Kihlman and Henrik Tikkanen.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Henrik Tikkanen is also remembered for his works depicting war, alcoholism and lovelessness.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The lives of the well-to-do were also illustrated by Kerttu-Kaarina Suosalmi, whose works told of their everyday life, disappointments and mental strictness.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Eve Kilpi is remembered as a descriptor of a middle-class circle of life, feminism, evackoude, feminine eroticism and nature.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

His most successful work is the erotic novel Tamara (1972) translated into several languages.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In several of her works, Shield depicted women seeking independence in a world dominated by men and money.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The harmony of the post-divorce period is conveyed by the short story collections Summer and the Middle-Aged Woman (1970) and Good Night Stories (1971).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The depiction of sexuality had become more open than previous decades, which was interpreted as reflecting the writer's own lifestyle.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

For example, Hannu Salama's works were read as documentaries, and the author was often unable to distinguish the author from the self-narrator of a fictional novel.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

This is the result of the fact that several autobiographical expository works were also written in Finland at the same time.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

For example, Henrik Tikkanen's memoir novel series deals with, among other things, his marriage to writer Märta Tikkanen.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Märta Tikkanen responded to her husband with the book Love Story of the Century (1978).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Veikko Huovinen wrote humorous novels, among them Sheep Eaters (1970) and Lentsu (1978) and the novel Veitikka (1971) depicting Adolf Hitler's life.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

A number of novels also appeared from the humorist writer Arto Paasilinta, including his most famous work The Year of Hänis (1975).


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Other well-known works of domestic fiction that appeared in the 1970s included Lassi Sinkonen's novel The Song of Solveig (1970), Samuli Paronen's aphorism collection The World is a Word (1974), Hannu Salama's novel The Seer Where Doer (1973), Simo Hämäläinen's novel Kätkäläinen (1978) as well as Anni Blomqvist's Maija series of Myrsyluoto.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Kalle Päätalo started his autobiographical Iijoki series in 1971 with the novel The Son of the Houonemmies.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Many poems in the 1970s were so-called bogus poems, and the favoured subjects of new poetry were nature and love.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

However, many different lines can be observed in the lyric of the decade, from the follow-up phenomena of the participatory lyric to the poems of Arja Tiainen that emphasizes the vital attitude to life and Risto Rasa's close to nature.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Poets who influenced the 1970s include Claes Andersson, Helena Anhava, Lars Huldén, Jarkko Laine, Arto Melleri, Hannu Mäkelä, Eila Pennanen, Niilo Rauhala, Hannu Salakka and Tommy Tabermann.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[27] In 1976, Kekkonen published to some extent a two-volume collection of his correspondence under the name Letters from My Mill.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Theatre Theatre's viewership was in rapid growth right up until 1975, when the level of more than 2.5 million theatre tickets per year was reached.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Uusimapolve's theatre production Pete Q (1978) provoked debate in high culture.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the performance, a new generation of theatre made a nest difference to the early 1970s theatrical mainstreams, namely Brechtian theatre and Marxist ideals of socialist realism.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[28] The whole 1970s in theatre could be characterised as a decade of domesticity, and many plays depicting the events of Finnish history were performed in the decade.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

An old song-mixed folk play, for example the production of Maiju Lassila and Minna Canth, experienced an incredible renaissance.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

During the decade, for example, plays on land were performed to create hope and belief in the emergence of new means of livelihood in the countryside.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[29] The share of amusement and musical plays in the repertoire also remained high until the end of the decade.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[30] Notable theatre directors of the 1970s included Vili Auvinen, Arto af Hällström and Jouko Turkka, as well as Kalle Holmberg and Ralf Långbacka, whose joint season in artistic management of Turku City Theatre 1972—1977 emerged as a national talking point.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Television in the early 1970s Finland had only two television channels, with only Yleisradio and MTV, or Advertis-TV programmes.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Television began color broadcasting as early as 1969.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

In the early 1970s, color broadcasts were still only shown for about 8-10 hours a week, and the vast majority of color repertoire was of foreign origin.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

On Labor Day 1977, the first Yle TV news was broadcast in colour.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[31] By the time of the 1980s, more than half of Finnish households already had colour television.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

[32] Comedy series aired during the decade included sitcoms Hanski, Pirate Radio and Tank Full.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The drama series commemorates the Fronts set in the countryside in particular, and the Neighbourhood Hood, which dealt with a significant phenomenon of the era, suburban life.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Started in the early 1960s, the legendary drama series Heikki and Kaija broadcast its final episode in May 1971.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

A series of novels written by Anni Blomqvist was dramatised in the popular six-part television series Maija, which aired in 1976.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The documentary-based drama series Men of War and Peace aired at the end of the decade sparked widespread public debate about events in Finland during World War II.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Sketch series aired over the decade include at least 50 Little Minutes, Ilkamat, Better Late..., Pikkis, Spede Show and Sällitlli.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The Kivikface band performed skits and musical performances at the Kivikface Show.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Well-known sketch entertainment artists of the 1970s included Olavi Ahonen, Anja and Anneli Koivisto, Leo Lastumäki, Vesa-Matti Loiri, Spede Pasanen, Marjatta Raita, Simo Salminen and Pentti Siimes.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Topical Two, which started in autumn 1969, aired current affairs through the 1970s until 2015.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

One of the most popular television programmes was The Saturday Dances, aired on Saturday nights, which could be watched by up to two million viewers at best.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

As far back as the 1950s, the Double or Receipt presented was a popular, long-running quiz show.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The music programme Pop Story, made between 1971 and 1972, was the first Finnish television series implemented using colour video technology.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

The long-running programme which evaluated audio album music in the early 1960s drew hundreds of thousands of viewers.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Another music program was The Evening Star, in which many well-known singers were interviewed.


Question: In what year is the Food for Oil program started?

Finland in the 1970s

Well-known faces of affairs and entertainment programmes included Sinikka Hein, Heikki Hietamies, Jaakko Jahnukainen, Joke Linnamaa and Kirsti Rautiainen.