Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Linus Torvalds, a Finnish student at the University of Helsinki, wanted to use a Unix-type operating system on his 386 PC, but found Minix too primitive and began developing his own terminal program, which later evolved into the Linux kernel.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

On August 25, 1991, Linus Torvalds put a message on the comp.os.minix newsgroup saying he was working on a free operating system [9].


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

This date has since been considered Linux's birthday.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The newsgroup comp.os.linux was founded on March 31, 1992 (a little before this the alt.os.linux group had been established).


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[10] [11] Since then, Torvalds has led the development of the Linux kernel without contributing to the development of distribution versions of the operating system itself or any other software included therein.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Torvalds' original working title for his operating system was Freax.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

This is the name he used for the first six months.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Ari Lemmke, an assistant at the University of Technology, offered to give the operating system disk space on the university's FTP server so that its files could be shared over the internet.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Lemmke liked more of another working title used by Torvalds, Linux, and gave the server subdirectory the name Pubos/Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Torvalds adopted the name.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[12] In the beginning, there was competition with Linux in 1991 on the PC-based Unix-type operating system circuit 386BSD.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

A Unix suitable for PC was expected of that.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In hindsight, Linus said he wouldn't have written Linux a year later, by which time development on 386BSD had already made some progress.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Development work on the 386BSD was slow and moreover, the developer did not want to make it compatible with many devices: the 386BSD required an 80387 math processor, among other things.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[13] [14] To top it all off, AT&T threatened BSD Unix developers with lawsuits for unauthorized use of Unix code.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Thus 386BSD lost popularity among those interested in Unix and the developer community led by Linus was able to wedge past 386BSD [15].


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

386BSD broke up in 1993 into two projects, which are NetBSD and OpenBSD [16].


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

When, in addition, a third BSD appeared, the development work was badly dispersed.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

However, the Linux kernel developer team remained united [17].


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Between 1991 and 1992, Windows did not have memory protection, due to which, among others, Lars Wirzenius experimented with Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[13] American Richard Stallman's Free Software Foundation (FSF) has been working on the GNU components of the operating system since the mid-1980s.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Stallman's goal, who worked in MIT's AI lab, was to assemble an entire free operating system with which he gave the name GNU (,).


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The GNU project had started as early as 1983 and its builders had assembled a nearly finished operating system from the free GNU tools and libraries, only the operating system kernel was missing.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The kernel is necessary for the operating system to function, so the GNU community was developing its own kernel called Hurd.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Before this was completed, Linus Torvalds began to develop his own core, which resulted in Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Hurd's development slowed after Linux took its place.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Underlying Stallman's ideology is the freedom of programs.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

He began talking about free software that anyone is allowed to freely use, modify and distribute, and developed the GNU GPL license as the foundation stone of his idea.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The License guarantees that anyone has the right to make changes to the Program and distribute the modified version as they wish, as long as the same rights remain in the new version.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Source code must also be made available alongside the release of the program, which makes it easy for other programmers to start making changes.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Also, Torvalds licensed the Linux kernel under the GNU GPL license, starting with version 0.12.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[18] The license change allowed commercial companies to develop and sell Linux distributions as well.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Torvalds has specified that user applications are not dependent on kernel source code and thus are not limited to the same license.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[19] Although Torvalds had not adopted the political stance of the Free Software Foundation, he still chose the GPL license for the operating system kernel he had developed.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

He justified this by saying that six months of work it would be nice to get something back for himself and with the GPL license he would at least always get to see how his code has been modified going forward.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In addition, he had heard the Stallman lecture at TKK in 1991, and although he had not actually bought the message, he has noted that some part of the speech apparently sank in.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The historical background here, too, is that the GPL licensed GNU tools created by Stallman (especially the GNU Emacs text editor, GCC compiler and GDB debugger) had by the end of the 1980s already achieved legendary fame among hackers and also the GPL license was held by many skilled favoured by coders.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The GPL license changed to Linux in version 0.12, which was also the first version to include the GNU project's GCC compiler fully integrated.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[20] In 1992, the Yggdrasil Linux/GNU/X distribution merged the Linux kernel, GNU software, and X Window System software into a single distribution.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[21] Mark Bolzern convinced the German company Multisoft to port its Flagship program to Linux, becoming the first commercial computer program released for Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[21] Linux Distributions and Applications A distribution package, distribution version, distribution or distro () is an operating system distributed under the name Linux, containing several pre-productized software collections with installation and maintenance programs.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Some distributions are compiled by different entities or individuals and do not aim for profit.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Some distributions, on the other hand, are commercial.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Distribution is typically an entire operating system consisting of, in addition to the Linux kernel, including libraries, a graphical user interface (the most common of which are KDE, GNOME, and Xfce), and programs such as office, internet, and database applications.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Technical support is often available to install and operate distributions as a commercial service from distribution or third parties.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Guidance can also often be found on discussion boards, wiki pages, distribution editors, and the user community.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Commercial distributions often have the advantage of a more finalized entity, attention to overall usability, customer support and comprehensive guidelines for key parts of distribution.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Generally, even commercial distributions are available for free, but without commercial customer support and sometimes without some non-free parts.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Sometimes the free version of the distribution acts as part of product development and does not correspond to the actual commercial product.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The developer of a distribution, or distro, may be a commercial enterprise, a community formed by volunteers, or an individual hobbyist who has either copied some previous distribution and converted it to suit their own wishes, or packaged the source codes as their own.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

For example, state bodies have also developed distributions to meet national need.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Due to the free and open source model, anyone can develop their own distribution.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

As a result, there are several thousand distributions.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In addition, special versions are made of distributions that are not actual distributions but can be first installed in that format.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The spectrum of distributions ranges from “all-encompassing” universal distributions to highly specialized distributions such as firewall or NAS server distributions.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Linux Distributions The most notable Linux distributions offered in 2014 are, according to the DistroWatch website: [22] Linux Mint is a distribution further developed from Ubuntu, originally created by Clement Lefebvre in 2006.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Ubuntu is a distribution developed from Debian.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The project was started in 2004 by Mark Shuttleworth in 2004, who is funded by his Canonical company.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

A long-time support version of Ubuntu is released from time to time, which is promised five years of support.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Debian GNU/Linux is originally a project launched by Ian Murdock in 1993 and one of the oldest Linux distributions.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The Debian community strives for complete distribution freedom, while supporting the installation of unfree packages.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Debian offers a very wide range of software packages and its stable (stable) version branch is very stable, but the stable version renews sparsely and does not include the latest software versions.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Mageia continues the development of Mandriva Linux, based on Mandrake Linux started by Gaël Duval in 1998 and Brazilian company Conectiva.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Fedora is a distribution project supported by American company Red Hat, founded in 2004 when Red Hat reserved the Red Hat brand it had used since 1994 for Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) specifically aimed at business use.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

OpenSUSE is based on the distribution SUSE (Software und System Entwicklung) started in 1992 by Germans Roland Dyroff, Thomas Fehr, Hubert Mantel and Burchard Steinbild.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The Suse company was acquired by US firm Novell in 2003.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In 2005, Novell released OpenSUSE, which serves as the basis for commercial distributions of SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Arch Linux is a project started by Judd Vinet in 2002 that aims to keep the operating system as simple and constantly updating as possible.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

CentOS is a project that seeks to produce an operating system compatible with Red Hat Enterprise Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The difference is mainly branding, where Red Hat's trademarks and logos are replaced by their own.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

PCLinuxOS is a project started by Bill Reynolds in 2003.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Reynolds was previously known for the updates and additional packages he made to Mandrake Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Slackware is a distribution created by Patrick Volkerding, the oldest still maintained.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[21] The first version was released in 1993.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[21] Inspur K-UX is a distribution of Chinese company Inspur based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux distribution and officially certified UNIX by The Open Group [23] Embedded Linux Linux is also used in handhelds and mobile phones, ADSL modems for home use, WLAN in access points and firewalls, as well as industrial devices as an embedded operating system.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In embedded systems, the GNU project tools are often replaced by lighter ones such as Busybox tools and sometimes also the GNU C library with a lighter alternative like UClibc.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Finnish company Nokia used Maemo, which later merged with Intel's Moblin project to become MeeGo.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Based on Osin Meego, Jolla developed Sailfish OS.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Also owned by Google, Android used in many smartphones and tablets uses the Linux kernel.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In April 2017, Android overtook Windows in popularity and became the most used operating system in the world when all devices connected to the internet are counted in the figures.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[24] [25] Special cases of embedded Linux include operating systems designed to make, for example, a game console such as PlayStation or Xbox work as a home computer.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Media devices like TiVo use Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Automotive Grade Linux is a project for the automotive industry.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[26] Mazda and Toyota announced in 2017 their intention to jointly develop a Linux-based platform for cars.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[27] Audi has moved to the Linux based Android Auto platform.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[28] [29] There is also a UCLinux version for microcontrollers without a memory management unit.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Real-time Linux from the Linux kernel is also a real-time version known as.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[30] In the past, the names RT-patch and RT PREEMPT and PREEMPT_RT have also been used from RTL.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Supercomputers On the Top500 list of supercomputers in the Fall 2017, every machine ran Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[31] The first time a computer running Linux appeared on the TOP500 list in 1998.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[31] Some supercomputers are based on the Beowulf cluster model developed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[32] [31] In November 2017, all supercomputers on the TOP500 list were running Linux, and 437 of them used clustering.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[31] Scientific Linux is a distribution sponsored by Fermilab.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[33] [34] Others aimed at scientific use (not necessarily supercomputers) include Bio-Linux, Poseidon Linux, NHSBuntu.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[34] Some supercomputers: K computer IBM Sequoia Columbia Large computers in large computers Linux is used to reduce costs.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

According to Gartner estimates, a third of IBM's System z clients use Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[35] Server access Server use is one of the most common uses of Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The LAMP concept arose from a software combination of running an Apache web server, MySQL database, and PHP scripting language on Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In addition to the services of websites, DNS name services and mail servers, among others, use Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Of the websites listed as most reliable by Netcraft in February 2010, six out of ten ran Linux, two FreeBSD, one Windows and one unknown platform.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[36] According to W3Techs, Unix-type operating systems account for 66.4% and 33.6% for Windows.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[37] Of Unix-type servers, 55.6% are Linux and 43.4% are unrecognized.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[38] Hypervisor-based virtualization services and lighter tanking services are more recent uses than traditional web servers.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Common database software for Linux include Oracle, IBM DB2, PostgreSQL, MySQL, and MariaDB, among others.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In addition, there are solutions for large amounts of data such as Apache Hadoop and Google File System.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Digital Criminal Investigation Kali Linux is a distribution designed for technical criminal investigation and penetration testing.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Intruder detection systems (IDS) and programs like SNORT are available for Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Desktop Access Several distributions place emphasis on desktop usage and include an office software package by default.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Office software comes in loose form, as well as packages, the most popular of which are LibreOffice and Apache OpenOffice.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[39] Graphical Window System, like many Unix-style operating systems, is an X Window System, but Fedora, for example, support Wayland.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[40] Film and Music Production Many professional film producers and film studios, such as DreamWorks and Pixar, use Linux when making movies.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[41] [42] Titanic, for example, is produced with Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[43] Linux software used in film production include RenderMan and Houdini.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[44] [42] There are many software for professional sound processing, for example Ardour.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[45] Industrial automation In industrial automation, Linux is used with the OPC-UA interface, among other things.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[46] PuffinPLC and many other projects aim to use Linux in programmable logic.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[47] OSADL is developing Linux for security-critical systems.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[48] Security critical does not necessarily mean a real-time operating system, but often they are linked together.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[49] One method is to use hardware partitioning, such as Jailhouse.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[49] Industrial policy in Germany has been attempted to reduce reliance on Microsoft Windows by introducing Linux distributions in a few major cities.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In Finland, the use of Linux in public administration has been studied in several municipalities and government departments.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Often, the inoperability of some software on Linux has so far prevented Windows from being abandoned in administration, but in schools, for example, Linux is used quite commonly.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In some countries, Linux is considered a way of avoiding Windows licensing fees and enhancing national security.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The use of the system is not tied to a single supplier and that supplier's home country.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Security risks can also be caused by undocumented features included in Windows operating systems, for example.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Various development projects to increase the use of Linux have been carried out in Spain [50], Brazil, Norway, Cuba and Venezuela in addition to China [51].


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

There has also been a decision in principle in Peru, South Africa, Argentina and India to favour Linux.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[52] According to the Linux Foundation, Linux's position has been strengthened in companies in recent years.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Linux has been used, especially in critical enterprise systems.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[53] The use of commercial systems The use of Linux in a commercial product often raises questions, on which written a number of instructions, among other things, for use in embedded systems.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[54] [55] In commercial use, the GNU GPL does not require the release of source codes if the modified source code is not used in the published product.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[56] The source code used in the published product from which program binaries are supported must be published and their use, modification or redistribution may not be restricted.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[56] Computer programs that are not based on non-derivative works under the GNU GPL are not restricted from the GPL.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

According to Torvalds, user-level applications are not based on the source code of the Linux kernel and thus are not limited to the same license.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[19] A device driver specially developed for the Linux kernel would be dependent on kernel source code and thus subordinate to the GPL.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[19] Several Linux distributions distribute and install only open and free programs by default.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In addition, can install commercial or non-open programs from various sources.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

For example, in Ubuntu, you can additionally install programs under other licenses.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[57] Since the GNU GPL is a license and not a contract, GPL licensed programs are subject to copyright and not contract law.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

There are also alternatives to several programs under the GPL license, such as using an open LLVM compiler mode or a commercial compiler like Intel C++.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Since the Linux kernel specifically uses GNU GPL version 2 (GPLv2), it is not bound by the limitations of license version 3, which Torvalds has opposed and has stated that the Linux kernel will not move to version 3.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[58] [59] [60] In October 2017, additions to permissions were announced to facilitate access to source code and prevent interference by “court trolls”.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[61] [62] [63] [64] Commercial programs for Linux include several video games.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Developers Much of the development of Linux takes place in companies that include: [65] [66] [67] Red Hat Intel Texas Instruments Linaro SUSE IBM Samsung Google Oracle Fujitsu Renesas Electronics Academics (Universities) on the scope of Linux in One a study in 2000 [68] found the Red Hat Linux 7.1 distribution to contain 30 million lines of code.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Using the COCOMO cost estimate, the creation of this distribution was estimated to have required approximately 8000 man-years.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

If the development had been done using standard methods in the US, it would have cost more than $1 billion (in the 2000 course).


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Most (71%) of the code was written in C, but several other languages, including C++, Lisp, Assembly, Perl, Fortran, and Python, had also been used.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The Linux kernel itself was made up of 2.4 million lines of code, which was about 8% of the total distribution size.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In 2007, the Linux kernel was formed from 4.2 million lines of code.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

In 2009, the size of the kernel can be estimated to exceed 6.4 million lines of code, in which case writing it as a commercial project could, by the same method, be estimated to cost $1 billion in itself.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[69] In summer 2015, kernel version 4.1 had over 19.5 million lines of source code.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[70] Red Hat Linux 7.1 included three program CDs, one source code CD and one instruction CD.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Current Debian GNU/Linux testing includes approximately thirty CDs worth of source code and instructions (as well as roughly the same amount of binary packages for each supported platform).


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Current Linux, with its peripheral software, is therefore very much wider than Red Hat Linux in the 2000 study mentioned above.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

GNU/Linux and BSD/Linux Some contexts have been raised about replacing applications in the GNU project with applications from the BSD project.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

A significant difference with BSD applications is the way of calling kernel system calls directly from applications, which in a GNU environment is typically done through the glibc library.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Alternatives such as Bionic-C, musl libc, Apache libstdcxx, and LLVM project libc++ have been developed for a runtime C library like glibc.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

There are also differences in POSIX compatibility between different library solutions.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[71] One obstacle has been the lack of an alternative compiler: the BSD-licensed CLANG compiler is able to compile some of the kernel versions.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[72] In addition to the C language compiler itself, an assembler compiler and linker program are also needed from the GNU binutils package.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[72] A number of magazines related to Linux have been published in print and digital.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Magazines include: Linux Format Linux Journal Linux Magazine Linux User and Developer Linux Voice Ubuntu User Ubuntu User Japan Software and Games Games Valve's SteamOS is a Linux-based operating system for which several games have been released on Steam- in the service.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Several games use the Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL) library as their interface.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Microsoft and Linux Microsoft's Steve Ballmer has called Linux communist.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[73] This statement has possibly been influenced by the expressiveness of Linux, as Microsoft's Bill Gates has previously called the Netscape browser communist because of its expressiveness.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[74] Linus Torvalds has said he is absolutely uninterested in politics.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[75] Ken Brown, hired by Microsoft, drove a claim in which Torvalds would have copied Minix, but Tanenbaum has slammed this claim.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[76] Microsoft has also called Linux a cancer, but has later joined the Linux Foundation.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[77] [78] Microsoft has released its SQL Server database software also for Linux in 2017.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[79] SCO vs.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Novell, SCO vs.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

IBM SCO sued Novell and IBM, claiming they unauthorized copied Unix's source code to Linux and claiming they owned the copyright to Unix.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

The SCO's claims have been knocked out in court.


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

[80] [81] [82] See also Free Software Open Source Free Software Foundation GNU Linus Torvalds Linux (kernel) Linux Documentation Project Richard Stallman List of Linux distribution packages Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kannisto, Päivi; Kannisto, Santeri| title = Platinum Cloud Edge| publisher = UAS cost| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-952-5491-27-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Negus, Christopher| title = Linux Bible 2007 Edition| publisher = Wiley| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978 -0-470-08279-9}} Linux initial Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Moody, Glyn| title = Rebellion code| publisher = January| year = 2001| id = ISBN 951-31-2003-1 (sid.)}}


Question: In what year is the Flagship company founded?

Linux

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Nikkanen, Wind| title = Linux story| publisher = Satku| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-762-990-7}} On topic elsewhere Category:Linux Category:Key articles of screening


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin (, [bˈˈliːn],) is the capital of Germany and one of the states of Germany.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

With around 3.4 million inhabitants, it is also Germany's largest and the second largest city in the European Union after London.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[1] Unlike some other urban areas (for example, Greater Paris with a population of about 12 million), in Berlin, the official city boundaries and the actual boundaries of an urban-built area correspond quite well to each other.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

However, the more loosely defined Berlin metropolitan area continues far into the environment and is home to around 4.4 to 5.9 million people depending on the definition of the region.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[2] [3] According to Eurostat, the metropolitan area has a population of around five million (2012).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[4] With its internationally renowned cultural institutions, universities and events, Berlin is one of the most important scientific and cultural centres in Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

As the capital of the EU's most populous member country, it is also an influential political centre and an important transport hub.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In addition, the city is known for its vibrant nightlife and international and free-spirited atmosphere, which attracts especially young migrants.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Despite its capital status, Berlin is not Germany's most important city in all respects: for example, the country's financial and air transport hub is Frankfurt am Main, the most prosperous city is the port city Hamburg, and the most significant technology hub is Munich.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Established in the early 13th century, Berlin was elevated to the capital of Prussia in 1701 and the reunified German Empire in 1871.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

After World War II, the city was divided into occupation sectors, of which, under the control of the United States, Britain, and France, were formed West Berlin and Soviet-controlled East Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The Federal Republic of Germany had designated Bonn only as its provisional capital with the aim of the same as the declaration of the German Democratic Republic, meaning both would have had the same city, all of Berlin, but its supreme decision-making power still remained with the four occupying powers.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

They gave up their rights in 1990 when Germany reunified and Berlin once again became the capital of Germany and one of Europe's busiest developing metropolises.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Geography Berlin is located in eastern Germany about 70km from the Polish border.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The town is entirely surrounded by the state of Brandenburg and thus forms an enclave.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The maximum length of the region in the east—west direction is 45km and 38km in the north-south direction.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[5] The area is shaped by the Ice Age, and with its abundant forests and lakes it resembles Finnish conditions to some extent.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Of the area is water 6.7%, forest 18.3%, recreational areas 11.9% and agricultural use 4.2%.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[5] The town is born on the side of the River Spree, which, after splitting the centre, connects to Havel in the western part of the city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The latter river is in the Berlin region rather a series of lakes, the largest of which is the Wannsee.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The terrain is quite flat; the highest peaks are the Großer Müggelberg (115.4m) as well as the Teufelsberg (120.1m) piled from World War II rubble.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Climate The climate of the Berlin region is an intermediate form of marine and continental climate, an intermediate climate.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Winters tend to be predominantly dark, rainy and snowless.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Usually, however, snow cover covers the ground for a few days at a time several times during the winter.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Winter is short in Finnish terms, reminiscent of the dark late autumn of southern Finland.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Winter quickly switches to a sparkly green flowering spring in late March.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Trees usually enter the leaf during April.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the spring, the weather is usually clear with low winds.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

May can already be calculated in Finnish terms as a summer month in favour of temperatures.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The warmest summer months are July and August, when heat days are normally up to one-third of days.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Daytime temperatures above 35 degrees are almost every year, and late summer thunderstorms and heavy rains are quite different in intensity from their Finnish counterparts.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Typically, in September, the drop in temperatures is noticed for the first time, when the heat periods stop completely.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In October, the weather begins to become cloudier and more volatile normally in autumn as temperatures continue to drop.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The rushing period of trees is October-November.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

December-January are the most volatile of all months, with polar winds and abundant rainy days occurring.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The administrative division Berlin is divided into 12 administrative districts () with its own, local elected administration and limited autonomy (see.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

below).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

They each have such a large population that they would be major cities in their own right.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The current administrative division came into existence in 2001, when the number of administrative regions was almost halved.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The administrative areas are further subdivided into boroughs (), of which there are a total of 96.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Of these, too, a few have a population of more than 100,000.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Unlike administrative districts created by purely administrative decisions, boroughs tend to be regions formed over a long period of time with their own history and their own character.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Therefore, in everyday life, the division of boroughs is more important than the division of administrative areas, even if the boroughs do not have any actual administrative significance.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Population of the administrative district Nov 30, 2010 [6] Area (km²) [7] Population density (as/km²) Mitte33317239,4708218Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg269,92420,1613065Pankow370 488103,0703449Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf320 32264,7204870Spandau225 96391,202444Steglitz-Zehlendorf295 806102,5002812Tempelhof-Schöneberg336 28253,1006263Neukölln311 82444,9306806Treptow-Köpenick242 574168,4201399Marzahn-Hellersdorf249 95661,7804048Lichtenberg261 41752,2904963Reinickendorf241 49089,4802726 Old Territorial Division Before 2001 until 1920, there had been 20 regions.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

During the Berlin divide (1945—1990), 12 of them belonged to West Berlin and eight belonged to East Berlin as follows: West Berlin: United States occupation zone: Kreuzberg Neukölln Schöneberg Steglitz Tempelhof Zehlendorf British occupation zone: Charlottenburg Spandau Tiergarten Wilmersdorf French Occupation Zone: Reinickendorf Wedding East Berlin Soviet Occupation Zone: Friedrichshain Köpenick Lichtenberg Mitte Pankow Prenzlauer Berg Treptow Weißensee History Early History To justify archaeological excavations, Berlin and its sister city Cölln have arisen around the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

These two population centres were located opposite each other in the capex of the river Spree: Berlin on the east side of the river, Cölln on the island in its centre, namely the Spreeinsel.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The official age of the city of Berlin is calculated from a document dated 1237, which admittedly only mentions Cölln — the first mention of Berlin itself dates from 1244.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

From its old Slavic centre Spandau further up the river Spree received city rights in 1232 and Berlin apparently around the same time.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The towns fared relatively well as market towns between the 12th and 13th centuries, and entered into a union in 1307.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In 1360 Berlin-Cölln joined the Hanseatic League.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[8] Berlin and Cölln, as Hanseatic cities, traded throughout the Baltic Sea region and were relatively independent of the princes who ruled Brandenburg.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[8] [9] Between 1415 and 1417, King Sigismund of Germany fiefed Mark Brandenburg to Count Fredrik, who became Elector of Brandenburg.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Fredrik belonged to the House of Hohenzollerns, which remained in power until 1918.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

When internal unrest broke out in Berlin and Cölln between artisans and patrician families, the new Elector took the opportunity to subjugate the cities to his power in 1442.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[10] Fredrik combined the cities of Berlin and Cölln and made them a court residence city, so the accession was forced to give up its free Hanseatic city status.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The Elector's castle was built on Spreeinsel in the middle of Cölln.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[9] [11] At the time of the Reformation, Berlin adopted the Lutheran doctrine of the faith in 1539.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[11] During the Thirty Years' War (1618—1648) Berlin and Cölln were badly affected.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The town was looted several times, and up to half of its 12,000 residents were killed.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

After the war, during the reign of the “Great Elector” Fredrik Vilhelm, however, the city quickly recovered and began to grow strongly.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Fredrik Vilhelm fortified Berlin and Cölln and founded three daughter towns west of the federal city: Friedrichswerder, Friedrichsstadt and Dorotheenstadt.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Through these new towns, the great Elector built the linden boulevard Unter den Linden.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[12] Centre of the Kingdom of Prussia In 1701, Elector Frederick I of Brandenburg was crowned King of Prussia, and the Elector of Brandenburg was transformed into the Kingdom of Prussia.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Frederick I united Berlin, Cölln, Friedrichswerder, Friedrichsstadt and Dorotheenstadt, thus creating a new Greater Berlin, which became the capital of the Kingdom of Prussia.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the first half of the 18th century, the old defensive walls of Berlin-Cölln were demolished and the new city was surrounded by a customs wall and customs gates.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The most representative of these was the neoclassical Brandenburg Gate, which has later become one of Berlin's most famous symbols and attractions.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[13] During the 18th century, Prussia rose to become one of the great states of Europe, and Berlin grew to become the second largest city of the German-Roman Empire immediately after Vienna.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[14] With the help of major construction projects, Berlin was shaped into a representative capital for Prussia.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[15] Frederick I rebuilt the old Royal Palace into a magnificent Baroque palace.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Unter den Linden became the city's parade street, along which rose royal palaces and plush public buildings.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[9] In 1806, Napoleonic troops conquered Prussia and Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Napoleon held a spectacular parade in the city and transported the four-harness statue of the Brandenburg Gate to Paris.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Seven years later, after Napoleon imploded, the four-harness was returned to Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[16] The 19th century was a period of strong growth in Berlin, during the century the population of the city increased more than tenfold.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The first railway link between Berlin and Potsdam was built in 1838.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[14] Berlin experienced intense and rapid industrialization.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The growth was driven in particular by textile production and the machinery and iron industries.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

From the middle of the century onward, the electrical and chemical industries intensified.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin, the capital of the German Empire, became the capital of the new German Empire in 1871.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[17] The establishment of the Reich Central Bank in Berlin also brought financiers with it to the capital.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin's cultural life grew even further, and Berlin began to be talked about, for example, as the theatrical metropolis of Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin's strong growth also caused social and economic problems.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Due to an increase in population and traffic, in 1896 a subway began to be built, as well as local train services to suburban areas.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Rentals began to be built nearby downtown to make it possible to rent low-cost housing for workers.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[18] World War I led to famine in Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[17] In the winter of 1916—1917, 150000 people were in need of food assistance.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Strikes broke out in the city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

When the war ended in 1918, Emperor William II resigned.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[17] As the capital of the Weimar Republic, Socialist Philipp Scheidemann and communist Karl Liebknecht declared the city a republic after the October Revolution.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the following months, numerous street battles took place in the city between different factions.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In December 1918, the Communist Party of Germany (Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, KPD) was founded in Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In January 1919, the party attempted to capture power in the so-called Spartacist Rebellion, which failed.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

On January 15, 1919, Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg were killed.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[19] A year later, in March 1920, Wolfgang Kapp, founder of the right-wing Deutsche Vaterlandspartei, in turn attempted to overthrow the government.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The Berlin barrack people joined his forces and took over the government building.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The government of the Weimar Republic had already left Berlin by that time.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

However, a general strike prevented the coup from succeeding.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[19] On October 1, 1920, Greater Berlin was created, with seven other cities, 59 villages and 27 estate estates annexed to Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

At that time Greater Berlin had 3804048 inhabitants.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[19] With the improvement of the economic emergency of the next few years of the 1920s, starting in 1924, the Golden Age of Berlin began.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin became one of Europe's largest industrial cities and cultural centres.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Local train services were electrified in 1924, when Tempelhof Airport was also introduced.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[19] New infrastructure was necessary to meet the needs of four million inhabitants.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

A brief period of heyday ended with a global economic crisis in 1929.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the same year, the National Socialist Party gained its first seats in the city's parliament.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[19] Centre of the Third Reich Adolf Hitler, leader of the National Socialist Party, which came to power in 1933, wanted to build Berlin his new capital, Welthauptstadt Germania.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Much of the town was to be demolished and rebuilt.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

With the construction work, living space would have been acquired for those left homeless by expelling Jews from the city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The closest concentration camp was Oranienburg/Sachsenhausen, located 35 km away in the small town of Oranienburg.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[20] Construction projects were interrupted due to World War II.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin was bombed 363 times by the Western Allies between 1940 and 1945.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[21] From November 1943 to March 1944, the city was subjected to its own bombing campaign.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin served as the last stage of war in Europe when Red Army troops reached it in April 1945.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

There was a fierce battle for the town and, among other things, the Reichstag House fell into ruin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[22] A divided Berlin After World War II, Germany was divided into four occupation zones administered by the Soviet Union, the United States, the United Kingdom and France.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Remaining inside the Soviet zone, Berlin was also divided into four parts between these states: West Berlin was administered by the Western powers, East Berlin by the Soviet Union.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The Soviet Union effectively resigned itself from the joint administration of the occupying powers in 1948, failing to recognise the election of Social Democrat Ernst Reuter as mayor and installing its own mayor in its own zone.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

From June 1948 to May 1949, the Soviet Union held West Berlin under siege by cutting off all land connections and also limiting access to electricity and gas.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

From this blockade of Berlin, the city survived thanks to a massive air bridge arranged by the Western Allies.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[23] The situation became even more problematic with the formation of the Federal Republic of Germany from the western zones of Germany in 1949 and the German Democratic Republic (GDR) from the Soviet zone.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The GDR considered Berlin to be its capital; in practice, though only East Berlin served as its capital.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The Federal Republic of Germany, for its part, regarded Berlin as its own state, as the western part of the city was practically.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Among the winning powers, Berlin's legal status was also controversial.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

According to the Western Allies interpretation, in all of Berlin, the supreme power was exercised by four occupying powers and neither Germany; the Soviet Union, in turn, held that East Berlin came under the control of the GDR and that the state of occupation continued only in West Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[24] Until 1961 it was possible to move freely between West and East Berlin, although the border between the Germans was tightly guarded elsewhere.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

As more and more East Berliners and East Germans fled to the West through West Berlin, the GDR built the Berlin Wall in 1961, which it used to isolate West Berlin from East Berlin and the GDR.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The Berlin Wall divided the city in two until 1989, when the GDR lifted travel restrictions on its citizens.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The fall of the Berlin Wall was a huge symbolic event and a starting shot for the collapse of Europe's socialist state systems.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In 1990, the year of the demolition of the Wall, the four occupying powers ceded their tenure to Berlin to a united Germany in what is known as the Two Plus Four Treaty (officially in English, the Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[25] The capital of a united Germany as a result of the reunification of the Germans, Berlin also became yet another city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

On 20 June 1991, the German Bundestag decided, with only a slight difference in votes, to move from Bonn to Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

However, it was not until 1999 that the German Bundestag and the government were able to move from Bonn to Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[26] Since reunification, Berlin has been much built and renovated, causing the city to be even called “Europe's largest construction site”.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[27] The city's economy has not improved as hoped; instead, the city has been on the brink of bankruptcy.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[28] Population In December 2008 the population of Berlin was 3431473 inhabitants.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[29] Berlin has a long tradition as a city of immigration, and its population is highly variegated in ethnic backgrounds.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Other stigmatizing features today include secularisation and the proportional over-representation of those who represent alternative lifestyles, such as gays and lesbians.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[30] [31] [32] [33] The city also attracts an abundance of artists as well as people who value alternative life and individualistic values with its liberal lifestyle, modern zeitgeist and low cost of living levels.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[34] [35] Population development Initially, Berlin's population developed slowly, and the city was not very significant on the German scale.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In 1500 the population of Berlin and Cölln was only 12000, and in the 17th century it was still halved, among other things, as a result of the Thirty Years' War.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Elector Fredrik Vilhelm, however, initiated an active immigration policy, inviting a large number of French Huguenots to the city, among others, who were persecuted in their homeland because of their faith.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The population turned to strong growth and by 1709 rose to around 55000 people.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Later industrialisation, as well as the rise of Berlin as the capital of a united German Empire, further accelerated growth, and in 1877 the limit of one million inhabitants was already crossed.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

A major municipal annexation in 1920, with numerous neighbouring towns and municipalities annexed to Berlin, brought the population by one time to 3.8 million and Berlin to the largest city in continental Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

At its height, the population in 1943 visited about 4.3 million, but as a result of World War II it temporarily decreased to 2.8 million.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

After the war, with Berlin split in two, East Berlin steadily lost residents to West Berlin until the Berlin Wall was built in 1961.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Subsequently, the population to West Berlin was boosted by immigrants from southern Europe and Turkey, among others.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In turn, guest workers from Vietnam arrived in East Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The fall of the wall in 1989 increased the turnover of the population.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Although more than a million people have moved out of the city since then, newcomers — among them people from Eastern Europe, partly of German background — have kept the population relatively stable at 3.4 million know.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[36] [37] For most of the 1990s and the 2000s the birth rate was lower than the mortality rate, and only migration gains prevented the city's population from declining.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

More people were born again in 2007 and 2008 than died.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[38] Population composition The inhabitants of Berlin today represent a total of 195 different nationalities.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[39] Foreign nationals numbered approximately 473000 in July 2008, or 14.1% of the city's population.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[40] On top of this come people with a foreign background of German citizenship, whose exact number is difficult to assess because they are already on many knees, and there is no clear definition of the point at which a person ceases to be of “foreign background” and becomes a 'real' German .


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In 2006, a total of 8186 foreign Berliners were granted German citizenship.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[41] In 2007, the largest single group of foreigners were Turkish citizens, numbering 113779, and Berlin is often referred to as “the largest Turkish city outside Turkey”.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The next largest countries of origin were Poland (44400), Serbia (23370), Russia (14615), Italy (14446), United States (13761), France (12611), Vietnam (11615), Croatia (11029), Bosnia and Herzegovina (10576), United Kingdom (9797), Greece (9749), East Power (8813), Ukraine (8709), Lebanon (7691), Spain (6637), Bulgaria (6621), China (6013) and Thailand (5878).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[42] The highest proportion of foreigners is in the Mitte administrative region (28.3% foreign nationals).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[43] In 2006, 26% of the population was estimated to have a foreign background, and about half of these had German citizenship, either by virtue of being born in Germany or acquired citizenship.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

About 40% of the city's under-18s had a foreign background, meaning they were either born abroad or at least one of the parents has a foreign background.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[44] Of the approximately one million illegal immigrants in Germany, as many as one quarter, or about 250,000, are estimated to live in Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[45] Berlin has also been a popular migration destination for many social specialty groups.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

During the partition of the Germans, residents of West Berlin did not have to serve in the West German army, leading many young men from West Germany to emigrate there.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Because of its free-spirited atmosphere, Berlin also attracts, for example, those belonging to sexual minorities.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The mayor of Berlin, Klaus Wowereit, who relies on them, enjoys quite a lot of popular popularity.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin is a very secularised city: 59% of the inhabitants do not belong to any denomination.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Lutherans make up 22.3%, Catholics 9.1% and those belonging to other Christian denominations 2.7%.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Muslims account for 6.2%, other religions 0.6%.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[46] Due to emigration from the former Eastern Bloc countries, the Jewish community in Germany, especially Berlin, is today the fastest growing in the world.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[47] [48] The dialect Berlinisch or Berlinerisch spoken in the Berlin—Brandenburg area is not actually a dialect but an evolving and influence-prone big city language.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

For centuries, the influx of migration that has arrived in Berlin has left its mark on the language.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The expressions, phonemes and sayings characteristic of the city often tell of the origin of the migrants who have settled in the city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

For example, the word ich 'me' fits well with the Finnish mouth: it is pronounced Berlinisch [ɪk] rather than [ɪç].


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[49] Politics As the capital of Germany, Berlin is one of the most influential political centres in Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin, which had lost capital status after World War II, was formally regained as early as the German reunification in 1990, but it was not until the following year that key bodies of state power would also be concretely transferred from Bonn to Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The Office of the Federal President moved to Berlin in 1994, and the Bundestag, the main part of the government, as well as the Federal Council representing the Länder followed suit in 1999—2000.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The migration project received its formal decision after the Chancellor, who heads the government, settled into his newly completed agency in 2001.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

However, as a federal country, Germany is a less centralist country than, say, Finland, and a large number of ministries and other government offices are still located in Bonn and other cities, with no intention of relocating them all to Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[50] [51] The state and city Berlin is its own state () and city-state (), which makes it have quite extensive rights to decide its own affairs independently of the federal government.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin's legislative body, or Parliament (), keeps its lodge in the former Prussian Landtag building.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The state government is formed by the Berlin Senate, consisting of the mayor and up to eight other senators.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[52] Since 2014, Michael Müller of the SPD, or Social Democrats, has served as mayor.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Following the 2011 state elections, a coalition government of the SPD and the CDU, or Conservatives, was formed.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the state parliament, the SPD holds 47 and the CDU has 39 seats.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Also represented are Alliance 90/Greens (29 seats), Left Party (19 seats) and Pirate Party (15 seats).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[53] Minor parties are not represented, with a 5% vote threshold in place.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Unlike Finnish cities, Berlin's 12 administrative districts (Bezirk) also have some autonomous authority.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

They have their own parliaments (Bezirksverordnetenversammlung), elected in local elections.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

All EU citizens living in the region, including non-Germans, are eligible to vote in these elections, and the threshold is only three per cent.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The government of the administrative region serves as the “Administrative Area Agency” (Bezirksamt), which consists of the mayor (Bezirksbürgermeister) and councillors (Bezirksstadtrat) of the administrative region.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[54] Transport Public transport Berlin public transport is handled by metro trains, city trains, trams, buses and ferries.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The main responsibility for running the traffic is borne by Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG), a city-owned business company; only urban rail services are the responsibility of a separate company owned by Deutsche Bahn.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Public transport companies operating in the Berlin-Brandenburg region form a community called the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB), where you can travel everywhere with the same ticket.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin's public transport exoskeleton consists of the S-Bahn, or urban line, and U-Bahn, or metro.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Operating mainly below ground level, the subway opened in 1902.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Today, the 144.9km long metro network has nine lines and 170 stations.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The mainly above-ground urban line, on the other hand, is considered to have arisen in 1924, when the line, which had been built several decades earlier, began to be electrified.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

As its name suggests, the urban line is located almost entirely within Berlin's borders; further into the surroundings are run by separate commuter trains (RegionalBahn).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The 331-kilometer-long network of the urban line comprises 15 lines and 165 stations.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

With 1.3 million passengers passing on the urban line each weekday and 1.4 million on the subway, annualised figures are 375.8 and 457.9 million respectively.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[55] The third form of rail transport in Berlin is represented by the tramway (Straßenbahn, or Tram), which began operating as horse-operated in 1865.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Although the West Berlin tramway network was dismantled in the 1960s, the one that survived on the East Berlin side, today the 187.7km long network still belongs to the largest in the world.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

It carries 560,000 passengers every day (171 million per year).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[56] The densely operated main lines are referred to as MetroTram.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The tramway network has been extended by a few kilometres to the former West Berlin side.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[57] There are plans to further expand the network, particularly in the periphery.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[58] However, passenger numbers higher than the tramway (350 million per year [59]) exist on bus lines.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Bus services in Berlin have existed since 1847, at first the vehicles were horse-powered.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Similar to tramway lines, standard bus lines are distinguished and densely, mostly every five minutes, Metrobus lines.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Other bus categories include express buses (ExpressBus), which stop only at selected stops, and night buses (Nachtbus).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The latter are intended especially for those moving on weekdays; on weekends and before public holidays, almost all urban rail, metro, MetroTram and Metrobus lines run through the night, albeit with a thinned tide interval.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The range of transport is complemented by six ferry lines that run on and on the lakes of Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Two lines operate year-round and the rest from spring to autumn.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Car and light traffic As in other major German cities, the popularity of private motoring in Berlin is comparatively low — the city has only 289 cars per 1,000 inhabitants, with a country-wide average of 472.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[60] Instead of a car, Berliners use a lot of public transport as well as a bicycle, insofar as they do not travel on foot.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Cycling accounts for 15 per cent of the city's total traffic.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[61] The length of the Berlin street grid is 5343.2km (January 2006).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[5] On the Brandenburg side, Berlin is surrounded by a circumferential motorway, namely the Autobahn A10.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the Berlin area, the A100 motorway circling the western centre is situated, along with some radial motorways connecting the A10 and the A100, among them the former racecourse AVUS (now A115) and the A113 completed in May 2008.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

On urban motorways, the speed limit is usually 80km/h, on other throughways usually 50km/h and local streets usually 30km/h.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

73% of all streets are covered by the latter speed limit.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[61] There are no congestion charges in Berlin, but in March 2007 a law was enacted for the whole of Germany, which introduced new types of driving restrictions based on the emissions ratings of cars.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Vehicles below a certain emission level may be equipped with a red, yellow or green sticker indicating the magnitude of emissions.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Like some other German city centres, the area remaining inside the Berlin Ring Line was declared a so-called 'Environmental Zone' () in early 2008, in whose territory the use of high-emission cars is prohibited.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The act applies both to people from outside and to people living in it, of which in the case of Berlin there are about 1.1 million.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[62] Rail transport Berlin is an internationally important hub for rail transport: the new Berlin Central Railway Station, opened in 2006, is the largest junction station in Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[63] Long-distance services are additionally served by stations of Südkreuz, Gesundbrunnen, Ostbahnhof and Spandau.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

All of these stations have direct connections to several European countries and are also used by ICE bullet trains.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Sub-regional services (RegionalBahn) are served by a total of 22 stations in Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[64] However, Berlin's most extensive railway system is the urban line to be counted within the city's public transport, or S-Bahn, with a total of 165 stations located on its network (see.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

above).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Air traffic in Berlin currently operates two commercial airports: Tegel (TXL), located off the western center, and Schönefeld (SXF), located on the city's southern border in Brandenburg.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Tempelhof Airport (THF), located in the Tempelhof district, closed in October 2008.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Tegel Airport is also planned to close and concentrate air traffic to the new major airport named Berlin Brandenburg International (BBI) on the site of Schönefeld Airport.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[65] Water transport Berlin water transport is not limited to public transport ferries (see.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

above) and sightseeing ferries for tourists, but also freight transport is abundant, as rivers and canals connect the city to both the Northern and Baltic Seas.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin has four cargo ports: Osthafen in the eastern centre of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, Hafen Neukölln in Neukölln, Südhafen in Spandau, and the western centre, Westhafen in Moabit, the largest of these.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Considering that Berlin is a landlocked city, the combined freight traffic of the ports is considerable: about four million tonnes per year (roughly equivalent to the port of Turku).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[66] Economy In 2007, the growth rate of Berlin's economy was 1.8% (2.5% for all of Germany) and the city's combined gross domestic product was €81.7 billion.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[67] Since the reunification of the Germans, Berlin has suffered considerable economic difficulties despite its capital status.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The city's unemployment rate was 14.1% in spring 2008, a significantly higher figure than the average in Germany or the EU.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[68] The city is not among the richest cities in Germany, at least in terms of GDP per capita.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[69] However, according to a 2008 survey conducted by the USB, Berliners had the fourth largest purchasing power of the world's cities.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[70] Frantic construction has also debt-fuelled the city and brought it to the brink of bankruptcy.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Nor does the city have like the headquarters of two companies listed by Forbes Global 2000 (Siemens and Deutsche Bahn), but numerous German and foreign companies have branches in the city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[71] As old industries have receded, tourism and creative economy jobs have become particularly important for the city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

With 7.5 million hotel guests, the city is currently the third most popular tourist destination in the European Union, [72] [73] and is among the leading creative centres in Germany.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[74] Berlin is the second largest conference holding city in the world after Vienna.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[75] The city also has the Internationales Congress Centrum Berlin, or ICC, the largest convention centre in Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Research and development has become very important for the city, and the Berlin-Brandenburg region is now listed among the three most innovative regions in the European Union.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[76] [77] The fast-growing sectors also include telecommunications, biological sciences, communications and information technology services, media and music, advertising and design, biotechnology and environmental protection services, transportation, and medical planning.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[78] The Berlin-Adlershof Science and Business Park is the largest technology park in Germany and is also among the 15 largest technology parks in the world.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[79] [80] In 2004 the largest employers in Berlin were [82] Deutsche Bahn AG (German State Railways) 19600 employees in Berlin Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (pharmaceutical factory) 15000 Siemens AG (electronics) 14600 Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) 13400 Bankgesellschaft Berlin AG 12900 Vivantes-Netzwerk für Gesundheit GmbH (hospital group) 12000 Deutsche Post AG 12000 Deutsche Telekom AG 10000 Karstadt Warenhaus AG 8000 DaimlerChrysler Group 6900 Media Berlin has numerous television and radio stations, so regional, national and international.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[83] More daily newspapers appear in Berlin than in any other German city: among others the Berliner Zeitung, Der Tagesspiegel, Die Tageszeitung, Berliner Kurier, Berliner Morgenpost, as well as the most famous of newspapers, Die Welt, which is read all over Germany and which moved its headquarters Hamburg to Berlin.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Because Berlin is the capital of Germany, there are plenty of journalists and correspondents from all over Germany and the world.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[30] Education in Berlin operates four universities and several other educational institutions.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The total number of students in the city is 130,000.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[84] The three major universities are the oldest Humboldt University in the city (ca.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

37,000 students), [85] the Freie Universität Berlin (about 34000 students) founded on the western side after the partition of Berlin, [86], and the Technische Universität Berlin (28000 students) established on the western side.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[87] University of the Arts Universität der Künste is markedly smaller (4300 students).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Instruction is given there in both music and display house arts, fine arts architecture, media design and design.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[88] Berlin employs a total of 62000 scientists in research and development at the city's universities and research institutes.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[30] Health Services Berlin has a long tradition as a center of medicine and medical technology.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[89] The history of medicine was influenced in abundance by Berlin-based scientists, such as Rudolf Virchow, who has significantly developed pathology and discovered leukaemia, and Robert Koch, known as a pioneer in microbiology.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[90] The Charité Hospital Complex is today the largest university hospital in Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Founded as far back as 1710, it is also one of the oldest hospitals still in operation in Europe.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The hospital has 3300 beds, students around 8000 and staff about 14000, and also has more than 60 operating rooms and a yearly exchange of over 1 billion euros.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[91] Charité is a joint institution of the Free University of Berlin and the University of Berlin in Humboldt, including a wide range of institutes and medical qualification centers.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Among them are the German Heart Center, one of the most reputed transplant centers, the Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine and the Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In addition to this, many research departments of industrial companies, such as Siemens and Schering, complement scientific research and competence.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Architecture and Cityscape City Structure Multipolarity Within the current boundaries of Berlin there are many areas that were already independent villages or towns in the Middle Ages.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Some of them are even older than Berlin itself, for example Spandau or Köpenick.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

For this reason, among other things, and because of the early partition of the Berlin Wall, Berlin does not have a single superior city surrounded by mere suburbs, but has more centres formed over a long period of time with different regional appeal.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Downtown activities, such as services and jobs, are spread over a fairly wide area, and the transport system is largely network-like, so that the need for business in the actual city centre is limited for many.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[92] [93] The actual city centres in Berlin are often thought to have two.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The other is the western centre (“City West”) around the Zoologischer Garten railway station, Kurfürstendamm, Breitscheidplatz and Tauentzienstraße in the boroughs of Charlottenburg and Schöneberg.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[94] The other is the eastern or historic centre in the district of Mitte, with distinction around Unter den Linden, Friedrichstraße, Hackescher Markt and Alexanderplatz.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

However, centrist areas in terms of service level and cityscape can also be found in many other boroughs, for example the market street along Schloßstraße from Steglitz or along Karl-Marx-Straße in Neukölln.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Kantakaupunki and suburban areas The area, which in Finnish might be called Kantakaupunki (German usually Innenstadt), covers the inner area of the ring track and, in some places, a zone extending several kilometres around it (for example, Wedding and Friedenau are located outside the ring track ).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[95] Depending on the definition, the area is between 10 and 15 kilometres in diameter.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Approximately 1.2 million people live in the area defined as Innenstadt by the Berlin—Brandenburg Central Statistical Agency.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[96] The area is characterised by the close-fitting set quarters of the 19th century, the Gründerzeit period and the Vilheline period.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Stone-foot shops and plentiful other services make the area lively.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Houses are usually about 5 storeys tall; going towards the midtown, the number of storeys rises slightly, but towers well above their surroundings are sparse.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Areas well preserved of their original character can be found in Prenzlauer Berg, Friedrichshain, Kreuzberg, Neukölln, Schöneberg, Wilmersdorf and Charlottenburg, among others.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

However, during the reconstruction of areas destroyed in World War II, particularly in East Berlin, areas completely different from the previous cityscape, such as the surroundings of Karl-Marx-Allee, emerged.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the early 20th century a lot of Siedlungs (new construction areas) were built near Wilhelm Berlin, which are looser and less lively (for example, the famous Hufeisensiedlung in Britz).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

As you go towards the periphery of the city, construction becomes shallower and village-like, but it is still dense, so that the border between settlement and rural areas is steep.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The look of the periphery is dominated by small houses, especially urban villas (Stadtvilla, usually about 2—3 storey houses comprising one or more apartments on their own plot).


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Many of these areas are quite expensive, for example, Zehlendorf or Dahlem.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In places on the periphery, higher apartment blocks are also located.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[95] These were built especially during the GDR period in East Berlin (for example, Marzahn, Hellersdorf, Hohenschönhausen), but a few similar areas can also be found in the west, such as Märkisches Viertel.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Famous monuments Due to its history, Berlin is very fragmented and varied in its cityscape.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Much of the old building stock was destroyed in World War II but also in peacetime renewal projects.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The architectural ideals of many different epochs and social systems appear side by side in the city.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Berlin is not in the reputation of a particularly beautiful city, but many specifically appreciate its versatility and colorfulness.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[97] Individual medieval and Renaissance monuments from the most ancient Berlin have not survived much.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The city's medieval core, the Nikolaiviertel (Nikolaikorttelti), was almost completely destroyed to the ground in World War II.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

This area, which remained on the East Berlin side, was not rebuilt until the 1980s.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The streets still follow the medieval station plan, and the buildings were made to resemble medieval houses, but many of them are assembled in accordance with the GDR style from precast concrete blocks and so provide only an indicative illusion of the original style.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The centre of the area is the Nikolaikirche (Nikolaikirche), built around 1230, of which only the outer walls survived in the war and is now restored to its pre-destruction neo-Gothic habitation.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[98] Other medieval monuments include, for example, St. Marienkirche, which also dates to the 13th century.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In the Middle Ages, in the 15th century, the first version of the town castle was also built.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Admittedly, the castle experienced many thorough deformations before it was razed in 1950.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The oldest surviving castle in Berlin is the Jagdschloss Grunewald (1542—1543), an early Renaissance hunting castle in the Grunewald Forest.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The oldest surviving residential building in Berlin is known as the Ribbeckhaus and dates to 1624.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[99] Also, many of the boroughs outside the centre, which were once independent cities, have histories stretching back to the Middle Ages.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Spandau, for example, has its own old town, which, like the rest of Berlin, suffered terrible devastation in the Second World War.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

However, along with the medieval town plan, what remains are the Nikolaikirche (13th—15th century), [100] the so-called Gothic house (Gotisches Haus, 15th century), [101] parts of the city wall (14th century), and above all the Spandau fort (Spandauer Zitadelle), which dates mainly to the 16th century.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

The fort is considered a marking work of Renaissance-era military architecture.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

Its oldest surviving parts date from the 13th century.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

[102] The Baroque and Neoclassical capital of kings and emperors, the present centre of Berlin is most strongly characterised by the architecture of the 18th and 19th centuries, which represented at first Baroque and later Neoclassicism as well as other forms of historicism.


Question: In which German state is the city of Weimar located?

Berlin

In keeping with these styles, the kings of Prussia and German emperors built Berlin their stately capital, which was to embody their pomp.