Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

270 Goth War (270) 272—273 Roman—Palmyra War 283 Roman—Sassanid War 291—306 War of the Eight Princes in China 296—299 Roman—Sassanid War.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

Narses invades Armenia and defeats Caesar Galerius.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

Diocletian and Galerius eventually defeat the Sassanids.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

337—350 Roman—Sassanid War 358—363 Roman—Sassanid War 367-369 Gothic War 376—382 Gothic War 4th-century 402-403 Gothic War (402—403) 406 Vandals, Alans and Swebs cross the Rhine.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

421—422 Eastern Roman—Sassanid War.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

425 Roman Civil War.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

The Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II invaded Western Rome to overthrow the usurpator John.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

Valentinian III became Emperor of Western Rome.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

426 Aëtius defeated the Visigoths in Gaul.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

428 Aëtius defeated the Franks in Gaul.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

429 The Vandals invaded Africa.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

431—434, an Eastern Roman army attempted to beat back the Vandals in Africa.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

432—433 Roman Civil War, a struggle between Aëtius and Bonifacius.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

436—438 Aëtius defeated the Goths in Gaul.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

436—437 Aëtius defeated the Burgundians.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

439 Carthage was overrun by the Vandals.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

440—441 Eastern Roman—Sassanid War.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

450—453 Huns led by Attila invade Gaul.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

Battle of the Catalaunic Fields in 455 The Vandals invaded Italy and plundered Rome.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

456 Roman Civil War, Ricimer overthrows Emperor Avitus.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

461 Emperor Majorianus attempted to recapture North Africa from the Vandals.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

463—465, the Roman Civil War, Aegidius rose in revolt in Gaul against the Western Roman emperor Libius Severus and Ricimer.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

468 A concerted attempt by Western and Eastern Rome to retake North Africa from the Vandals failed.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

472 Roman Civil War, Gundobad overthrew Emperor Anthemius.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

502—505 Byzantine-Sassanid War 527—532 Byzantine—Sassanid War 532 Nika Revolt 533—534 Vandal War 535-554 Gothic War (535—554) 540—562 Byzantine—Sassanid War 572—591 Byzantine-Sassanid War 6th century 603—628 Byzantine-Sassanid war War of the Sanids 633—651 Muslims conquering Persia.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

634—641 Muslims conquer Syria, Egypt and Armenia from the Byzantine Empire.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

7th century 718—1492 Spanish Reconquista 747-750 Abbasid Revolution, the Abbasids overthrow the Umaijad Caliphate.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

8th century 830s Rusien Paflagonian war 860 Rusien—Byzantine war 9th century 907 Rusien—Byzantine war 941-944 Rusien—Byzantine war 968—971 Rusien—Byzantine war 988 Rusien—Byzantine war 10th century 1000—1030 Mahmud conquests of Ghazni 1018 Kievan war ki 1024 Rusien—Byzantine war 1030 Battle of Stiklestad 1043 Rusien—Byzantine war 1066 Battle of Stamford Bridge 1066-1088 Norman Conviction 1099 First Crusade 1100th century 1101 Crusade 1107—1110 Norwegian crusade 1108-1185 Crusades vendes against 1147—1149 Second Crusade circa 1155 First crusade to Finland 1156 Hōgen revolt 1160 Heiji rebellion 1180—1185 Genpei War 1187—1191 Third Crusade 1196-1290 Crusades to the Baltics 13th century 1202—1204 Fourth Crusade 1206-1337 Mongol convocations 1209- 1229 Albigence Crusade 1212 Children's Crusade 1219 Fifth Crusade 1221 Jōkyū-rebellion in Japan.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1228 Sixth Crusade 1248—1254 Seventh Crusade 1249 Second Crusade to Finland 1270 Eighth Crusade 1271 Ninth Crusade 1293 Third Crusade to Finland 14th century 1315 Battle of Morgarten 1323—1326 Aragon's conquest of Sardinia 1337—1453 Hundred years war 1343-1345 George's Revolt 1380 Battle of Kulikovo 1381 English peasant revolt 1386—1404 Timur Lenk's invasions of Georgia 15th century 1402—1413 Ottoman interregnum, a period of dispersal during which Bayezid I's five sons warred with each other over the succession of power.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

During the 1405—1407 Vietnamese—China War, Emperor Yongle's China overran Vietnam.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1409—1424 Emperor Yongle's war expeditions against the Mongols during the 1418—1428 Vietnamese—China War, the Lam Son Uprising drove China out of Vietnam.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1420—1436 Hussite Wars 1434-1436 Engelbrekt Rebellion 1453 Siege of Constantinople 1454-1466 Thirteen Years' War 1455—1485 War of the Roses 1456 Siege of Belgrade 1467—1477 Ōnin War 1471—1493 Battle of Maule 1494—1559 Italian Wars 1495—1497 Russo-Swedish War, old hatred 1499 Svaabian war 16th century 1501-1512 Jute wrath 1519-1521 Conquest of the Aztec Kingdom 1520-1523 Swedish War of Independence 1522-1523 Knights' Revolt 1522 Siege of Rhodes 1524-1525 Peasant War 1526 Battle of Mohács 1529-1543 Ethiopian—Adal War 1529 Siege of Vienna 1529-1532 Inca Civil War 1532-1552 Conquest of the Inca State 1533—1536 Countess War 1536—1883 Arauco War 1542-1543 Dacke War 1546—1547/1555 Schmalkalden War 1552 Conquest of Kazan Khanate 1552—1576 Russo-Crimean War 1554—1557 Great Russian War 1556-1557 Coadjutor War 1558-1583 Livonian War 1562—1598 French Wars of Religion 1563—1570 Nordic Seven-Years' War 1568—1648 Dutch War of Independence 1569 Astrakhan War Expedition 1570—1595 Long Wrath War of war and raiding during the Long Hatred are known as rappasite war.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1592—1598 Japanese invasions of Korea (first 1592—1593, second 1597—1598) 1594-1603 Nine Years' War 1596—1597 Bludgewar 1597-1599 Sigismund—Charles power struggle 1598-1660 Sixty Years' War0 17th century 1600 Battle of Sekigahara 1600—1629 Polish War 1605-1618 Polish—Russian War 1609-1614 War of the Jülich Succession 1610—1616 Ingrian War 1611-1613 Kalmar War 1614-1615 Blockade of Osaka 1615-1618 Ukok War 1618—1648 Three-Years' War 1622—1924 Indian Wars Pequot Indians War (Genocide) 1637 War of the French and Wars between the Iroquois 1642—1698 Wars between the Dutch and Indians 1643 King Philip's War 1675—1676 Pueblo Indians Revolt 1680 French and Indian Wars (Indians on the side of the English) King William III's War 1689—1697 Queen Anna's War 1702 —1713 Tuscarora War 1711—1715 Dummer's War 1724—1725 George King's War 1748 French and Indian War (in connection with the Seven Years' War) 1754—1763 Pontiac Rebellion 1763—1766 Lord Dunmore's War 1774 War of the Northwest Territory 1785—1795 Creek Indians War 1813—1814 Black Hawk War 1832 Seminole Wars 1818—1858 Sioux War 1854 (Battle of the Black Hills) Cheyenne War 1857 Sioux War 1862 Sand Creek 1864 Invasion of Fort Phil Kearney near Fort Phil Kearney 1866 Modochian War in California 1860— 1870s Multiple Tribal War in the area between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada 1860s—1870s Navajo and Apache Wars in Texas, New Mexico and elsewhere in the Southwest 1850—1880s Battle of Sugar Point 1898 Clash of Four Corners 1907 Mad Serpent Rebellion 1909 Battle of Kelley Creek 1911 Bluff War 1914 Battle of Bear Valley 1918 Posey's War 1923 The last long-silent attack of the Appassic War in Arizona in 1924 1622-1644 The Powhatan War 1637-1638 Shimabara Rebellion 1641—1651 English Civil War 1648 Salt Revolt 1648-1657 H'Melnytskyi Uprising 1648-1652 Fronde 1649-1653 Oliver Cromwell's Irish-Conquest 1652-1654 First Anglo-Dutch War 1655—1661 Northern War 1654—1667 Russo-Polish War.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1655—1660 Polish—Swedish War 1656—1658 Rupture War 1657—1658 Danish—Swedish War 1657—1660 Brandenburgin—Swedish War 1657—1660 Holy German-Roman Empire vs. Sweden 1658—1660 Danish-Swedish War 1661-1662 Siege of Fort Zeelandia 1665-1667 Second English— Dutch War 1669 Shakushain War 1672—1679 Franco-Dutch War 1672-1674 Third Anglo-Dutch War 1675—1679 Skoone War 1675-1676 King Philip's War 1676—1681 Russo-Turkish War 1680 Great Pueblokapina 1683-1699 Great Turkish War 1688-1746 Jacobite rebellions 1688—1697 Nine Years' War 1689-1691 Jacobite War 1686—1700 Russo-Turkish War 1718—1721 Great Northern War 1701—1714 War of Spanish Succession 1710—1711 Russo-Turkish War 1718—1720 Four-League War 1722—1723 Russo-Persian War 1733— 1735 War of Polish Succession 1735—1739 Russo-Turkish War 1737—1739 Austro-Turkish War 1739—1748 War of Jenkins' Ear 1740—1748 War of Austrian Succession 1741—1743 War of the Hats 1756—1763 Seven-Years' War (also Great Colonial War) 1768—1774 Russo-Turkish War 1775—1781 American Revolutionary War 1778—1779 War of the Bavarian Succession 1787—1791 Austro-Turkish War 1787—1792 Russo-Turkish War 1788—1930s Australian Frontier Wars 1788—1790 Gustav III's War 1789-1799 Great French Revolution 1791-1804 Haitian Revolution 1792—1802 French Revolutionary Wars 1796 Russo-Persian War 1802—1805 First Barbary War 1803—1815 Napoleonic Wars 1804—1813 Russo-Persian War (1804—1813) 1806—1812 Russo-Turkish War (1806—1812) 1808—1809 Finnish War 1808—1811 Latin American War of Independence 1810—1811 Mexican War of Independence 1812—1815 War of 1812 Second Barbary War 1817—1858 Seminole Wars 1821—1832 Greek War of Independence 1826—1828 Russo-Persian War (1826—1828) 1828—1829 Greater Colombian—Peruvian War 1828—1829 Russo-Turkish War (1828) 1828—1829 Black War 1838-1842 First Afghan War 1840—1842 First Opium War 1845—1872 Māori Wars 1846—1848 Mexican—American War 1848—1850 First German—Danish War 1850-1864 Taiping Rebellion 1854—1856 Crimean War 1856—1860 Second Opium War 1857- 1858 Sepoy Rebellion 1857-1863 Pahang Civil War 1858-1862 French Indochina War 1861—1865 American Civil War 1861-1883 Conquest of Araucania 1864 Second German—Danish War 1864—1866 Spanish-South American War 1864—1868 Snake War 1864—1870 Triple League War 1866 Prussian-Austrian War 1868 British invasion of Ethiopia 1868 1868—1869 Boshin War 1870—1871 German—French War 1872—1873 Modok War 1873-1903 Aceh War 1877—1878 Turkish War 1878-1880 Second Afghan War 1879—1884 Pacific War 1880—1881 First Boer War 1884—1885 Sino-French War 1891 Chilean Civil War (1891) 1893—1894 Franco-Dahomey War 1894—1895 Sino-Japanese War (1894—1895) 1895—1896 Italian—Ethiopian War (1895—1896) 1896 Zanzibar War 1897 Greek—Turkish War (1897) 1898 Spanish—American War 1898—1902 Philippine—American War 1899-1901 Boksar Revolt 1899—1902 Second Boer War 1899-1903 Thousand Days War 1899-1913 Moro Rebellion 20th century 1900-1920 Derviši War 1901—1902 Anglo-steppe Confederation War 1902—1925 Saudi Unification War 1903 -1904 Younghusband Expedition 1904—1905 Russo-Japanese War 1905-1907 Russian Revolution of 1905 1909—1910 Second Rifin War 1910s 1910-1920 Mexican Revolution 1911—1912 Italian—Turkish War 1912—1913 First Balkan War 1913 Second Balkan War 1913—1915 Sino-Mongolian War 1914—1918 World War I 1917—1920 Estonian War of Independence 1917—1920 Latvian War of Independence 1917—1920 Lithuanian Independence Wars 1918 Finnish Civil War 1918 Viena Expeditions 1918—1922 Russian Civil War 1918—1920 Ingerian Uprising 1918—1919 Polish—Ukrainian War 1918—1919 Greater Poland Rebellion (1918—1919), the province of Posen, which belonged to Germany, revolted to join Poland.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1918-1920 Petsamo Expeditions 1919 Aunus Expedition 1919 Polish—Czechoslovak War 1919 Third Afghan War 1919—1921 Polish—Soviet Russian War 1919—1922 Greek—Turkish War (1919—1922) 1919—1923 Turkish War of Independence 1919—1921 Irish War of Independence 1920s 1920 Polish —Lithuanian War 1920—1926 Rifi War 1920 Turkish—Armenian War 1921 Red Army invasion of Georgia 1921—1922 Eastern Karelians uprising 1922—1923 Irish Civil War 1927—1950 Chinese Civil War 1928-1929 Afghan Civil War (1928—1929) 1932—1935 The Chaco War 1935-1936 Italian—Ethiopian War (1935—1936) 1935-1939 Soviet—Japanese Border Wars, a series of inter-country skirmishes in Mongolia, Manchukuo and the Primorje region.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1936—1939 Spanish Civil War 1937—1945 Sino-Japanese War (1937—1945) 1939 Slovak—Hungarian War 1939 Occupation of Albania 1939 Battle of Halhin-Gol 1939—1945 World War II 1940s 1941 Ecuador—Peru War 1945—1949 Indonesian War of Independence 1945-1991 Cold War 1945-1946 Azerbaijan Crisis 1946-1949 Kurdistan Independence War 1946—1954 Indochina War 1946—1949 Greek Civil War 1947 First Indian—Pakistani War 1947 Paraguayan Civil War 1948—1949 Israeli War of Independence 1948—1958 La Violencia 1948—1960 Malay Crisis 1950s 1950 Sino-Tibetan War 1950—1953 Korean War 1952—1960 Mau-Mau Rebellion 1953-1959 Cuban Revolution 1954—1962 Algerian War 1955-1975 Vietnam War 1955—1972, 1983—2005 Sudanese Civil War 1956 Poznań Uprising 1956 Hungarian Uprising 1956 Suez crisis 1957—1958 Ifnin War, France and Spain vs. Morocco 1958 Second Taiwan Strait crisis between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1959 Tibetan uprising 1959—1961 Rwandan civil war (1959—1961) 1960—1965 Congo crisis 1960-1996 Guatemalan civil war 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion 1961 Biserta crisis 1961—1974 Angolan war of independence 1961-1991 Eritrean war of independence 1962 Chinese —Indian War 1962 Brunei Rebellion 1962—1970 North Yemeni Civil War 1963-1974 Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 1963—1966 Indonesian—Malaysian Confrontation 1964—1979 Rhodesian Civil War 1964- Colombian Civil War 1964 Zanzibar Revolution 1964—1974 Mozambique War of Independence 1965 Second Indian—Pakistani War 1966—1989 South African Border War 1966—1988 Namibian War of Independence 1967 Six-Day War 1967—1970 Biafran War 1967-1970 Suez Canal War 1967—1975 Cambodian Civil War 1968-1998 Northern Ireland Unrest 1968 Occupation of Czechoslovakia 1969- Moro conflict 1969 Football War or 100-hour war between El Salvador and Honduras.


Question: Did the Dutch and South Africans war in 1652?

List of wars

1969 Ussuri Border Incident 1969- Papua conflict 1970s 1970-1971 Jordanian Civil War 1971 Bangladesh Independence War 1971 Third Indian—Pakistani War 1973 Yom Kippur War 1974 Occupation of Cyprus 1974—1991 Ethiopian Civil War 1975 Western Sahara War of Independence 1975—2002 Angolan Civil War 1975- Cabinda conflict 1975—1990 Lebanese Civil War 1976-1983 Dirty War 1976-2005 Aceh War of Independence 1977—1979 Ogaden War 1977—1992 Mozambique Civil War 1977—1991 Cambodian—Vietnam War 1978—1987 Chadin—Libyan conflict 1978 Operation Litani 1978-1979 Ugandan—Tanzania War 1978- Turkish—PKK conflict 1979—1989 Afghan War 1979—1992 El Salvadoran Civil War 1979 Sino-Vietnam War 1979—1982 Chad Civil War 1980—1988 Iraq—Iranian War 1982 Falklands War 1982 Lebanon War 1982 1983 Occupation of Grenada 1983—2009 Sri Lankan Civil War 1984- Siachen conflict 1984— Turkish-PKK conflict 1988— Somali Civil War 1988 Kurdistan Independence War 1988—1996 Nagorno-Karabakh War 1989-1990 Operation Just Cause 1989— 1992 Afghan Civil War (1989-1992) 1989 Romanian Revolution 1989—1996 First Liberian Civil War 1989-1991 Kurdistan Independence War 1990—1994 Rwandan Civil War (1990—1994) 1990—1995 First Tuareg Revolt 1990 Occupation of Kuwait 1990-1991 Gulf War 1991—1995 Croatian War 1991 Slovenian War 1991—2002 Sierra Leone Civil War 1991—2002 Algerian Civil War 1991—1993 Georgian Civil War 1991-1992 South Ossetian War (1991—1992) 1991-2000 Djibouti Civil War 1992 Transnistria War 1992-1993 Abkhazian War (1992—93) 1992—95 Bosnian War 1992—97 Tajik Civil War 1993 Russian crisis 1993—2006 Burundian Civil War 1994—1998 Second Chad Civil War 1994—96 First Chechen War 1994 Yemeni Civil War 1995 Cenepa War 1996—97 Congo Second Civil War 1996-2001 Afghan Civil War (1996-2001) 1996—2006 Nepalese Civil War 1996—1997 First Congo War 1997-1999 Republic of the Congo Civil War 1998—1999 Kosovo War 1998— Third Congo Civil War 1998-2002 Second Congo War 1998-1999 Guinea- Bissau Civil War 1999- Nigerian Sharia conflict 1999 Kargil conflict 1999 Ituri conflict 1999 Dagestan war 1999-2000 East Timor crisis 1999 1999—2003 Second Liberian Civil War 1999—2009 Second Chechen War 2000s 2000-2005 Al-Aqsa Intifada 2000— 2006 Lao conflict 2000 War on terror in Yemen 2001— Afghanistan war 2001 Macedonia conflict 2001 Bangaladeshin-Indian border conflict 2002-2007 Ivory Coast civil war 2003—2011 Iraq war 2003 Baluchistan war 2003 Central African Republic war 2003- Darfur conflict 2004-2006 Waziristan conflict 2004-2015 Huthikap 2004 Haiti conflict 2004- Kivu conflict 2005—2010 Third Chad Civil War 2005 Western Sahara War of Independence 2006 Lebanon War 2006 2006 Somalia War 2006— Mexican Drug War 2007— 2009 Second Tuareg Revolt 2008 Russian-Georgian War 2008-2009 Operation Cast Lead 2009- North Caucasus Unrest 2009- South Yemen Conflict 2010s 2011 Libyan Civil War 2011-2013 Iraq Unrest 2011— Syrian Civil War 2011- Sinai unrest 2012-2015 Malian civil war 2012 2014- Eastern Ukraine war 2014- Second Libyan civil war 2014 Operation Protective Edge 2015- Yemeni civil war 2016 Armenian-Azerbaijan border conflict 2016 See also Finnish wars History of warfare List Battles Prehistoric Warfare Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Michael Simkins| title = Roman Army from Caesar to Trajan| publisher = Osprey Publishing| year = 1984| id = ISBN 0-85045-528-6}} References * * Category:Key aspects of screening articles


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

Jermaine Lee O'Neal (born October 13, 1978 in Columbia, South Carolina) is an American professional basketball player who finished his competitive career.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

O'Neal was selected in 2002 as the NBA's Most Advanced Player.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

On the NBA constellation team, he was selected to number two five in 2004 and number three in 2002 as well as 2003.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

In the NBA's constellation title, he played six times in a row from 2002—07.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

[1] In the summer of 2013, O'Neal transferred to the Golden State Warriors.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

[2] In his pro career, he also represented the Portland Trail Blazers, Indiana Pacers, Toronto Raptors, Miami Heat, Boston Celtics and Phoenix Suns.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

[1] O'Neal also represented the U.S. national team.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

Sources Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

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Question: Who is Jermaine O'Neal?

Jermaine O'Neal

Category:American basketball players Category:Born in 1978 Class:Living persons


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The earliest instrument used for recording and reproducing sound was a phonograph cylinder.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

During this period of its greatest popularity (approx.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

1888—1915) a sound recording was engraved on the exterior of a cylindrical shaped object known simply as a “recording” (record), which could be played back using a mechanical phonograph.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

A competing system using disc-shaped gramophone plates conquered the market and emerged as the leading phonograph format in the 1910s, and commercial mass production of phonograph cylinders ceased in 1929.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

History Early Development Thomas Edison invented a phonograph for recording telephone messages on July 18, 1877, after first experimenting with waxed paper.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In early versions, the recordings were on the outer surface of tin paper wrapped around a rotating metal cylinder.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

By the 1880s, wax cylinders were already in mass production, with the sound recording in grooves on the outer edge of a hollow cylinder made of soft-electric wax.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

These cylinders were easily removed from the dial shaft and reattached.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Early cylinder recordings usually wore out after a few dozen plays.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The buyer could then either return the worn cylinders to the merchant as partial payment for new recordings, or had their surface grinded smooth so they could be stored again.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In 1890, Charles Tainter patented the use of hard carnauba wax instead of the blend of paraffin and beeswax commonly used in the manufacture of phonograph cylinders.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Early cylinder-reproducing devices from the late 1880s and 1890s were often sold equipped with a recording function.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The possibility of both recording and playing sound was the advantage of phonographs using cylinders in the fight against cheaper, soundbox-playing gramophones.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

These began to be mass-produced in the late 1890s and were only capable of reproducing pre-recorded sound.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In the early stages of phonograph production, several competing, mutually incompatible cylinder recording types were manufactured.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In the late 1880s, Edison Records, Columbia Phonograph and other companies agreed on a standardized system.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Standard cylinders were approx.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

4 inches (10 cm) long, 2 ¼ inches in diameter (approx.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

5.7 cm), and they contained about two minutes of music or other sound.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Over the years, the wax used for cylinders became better and louder, and cylinders could be played more than a hundred times.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In 1902, Edison Records introduced a new cylinder of hard wax, which were marketed as “Edison Gould Moulded Records”.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Sales Packages The cylinders were sold in cardboard tubes with a cardboard lid at both ends.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

These packs helped protect the phonograms.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

These packaging and the shape of the cylinders (combined with the “tin” sound of early recordings compared to live music) led bandleader John Philip Sousa to mock the recordings as canning music.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Record companies generally had a general purpose cover flag printed on the outside of the cylinder pack, and there was no record of that recording inside.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Information was written in the early days on cover tickets by hand, one by one.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

A little later, the phonograph number began to be stamped on the upper end cover, and a short time later the name and performer of the recording began to be printed on the flag on the end cover.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Shortly after the 20th century began, an abbreviated version of this information (as well as the name of the record company) began to be printed or stamped on the other end of the cylinder itself.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Previously, the cylinders themselves did not have such a visible tag.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

However, at the beginning of the recording, there was a spoken announcing the name of the song or performance, the performer, and the record label.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Inside the package, the cylinder was accompanied by a small appendix with information about the recording.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Initially it was written by hand or machine on each ticket, but printed versions became more common as certain pieces began to be traded to such an extent that printing became economically viable.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Note that in the example image on the top right, from Edison Records' 1902 packaging, the buyer is asked to cut out the circle containing the printed information.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

This paper circle could then be attached either to the lid of the cylinder pack or, as in this example, to a special cylinder-mounted case marketed by record companies.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

However, such a case was bought only by a small percentage of buyers of cylinder recordings.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Hard Plastic Cylinders In 1906, the Indestructible Record Company began marketing cylinder recordings made of celluloid, an early hard plastic that did not shatter when dropped and did not wear out of thousands of times of ringing.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

This hard and stiff material could not, like wax cylinders, be honed for re-recording, but by contrast it was a near-perpetual recording format.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

(Such cylinders of the “Indestructible” design are perhaps the most durable phonogram format in the entire history of analog recording prior to the invention of digital recording, they can withstand many more times of play without wearing out than later recordings such as vinyl record or audio tape.)


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The Columbia Phonograph Company purchased the rights to this cataclysmic invention.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The Edison company then developed its own long-lasting cylinder, which featured plastic called Amberol around the plaster insert.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

These were called Amberol cylinders.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Around the same time, Edison introduced four-minute cylinders with twice as long playing time as the old standard cylinder.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

This had been achieved simply by reducing the size of the groove and matching the grooves twice closer together in a spiral orbiting the cylinder.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Most (not all) Amberol cylinders are of the four-minute model.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The Edison phonographs manufactured for playing these more advanced cylinders were called Amberola.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Sound discs In the period before World War I, phonograph cylinders and sound plates competed with each other for popular popularity.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The sound quality does not fundamentally change from whether the groove is engraved on the disc or cylinder, and the competition was based on other considerations.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Advantages of cylinders The cylinder system had certain advantages.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

As said, wax cylinders could be used for home recordings, and the cylinders of the “indestructible” design could be played again and again much more times than discs.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Cylinders generally rotate at a higher speed than plates, increasing the linear speed of the needle in the groove.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Theoretically, this improves the sound quality.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Furthermore, instead of constant angular velocity (CAV), cylinders have a standard career speed (CLV), as the radius of the spiral track is constant, thus creating no problems with inner grooves such as sound plates.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Around 1900, the average sound quality of cylinders was actually considerably higher than that of discs of its time, but as the technology of disc manufacturers evolved, by 1910 the differences in quality between better discs and cylinders were already vanishingly small.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Phonographs commonly used a screw wheel to move the needle at the correct speed along the grooves, while on most turntables the grooves merely pulled the needle with them.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

As a result, much-played cylinder recordings were less worn than discs, but this additional mechanism made phonographs more expensive.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Advantages of discs Mass production of both sound discs and turntables was cheaper than that of cylinder system products.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

It was also easier and cheaper to store soundboards, as they could be stacked, or put in rows of paper covers on shelves like books.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In many phonographs, the axis was rotated by a belt whose slightest slip could cause the shaft to rotate unevenly, leading to deviations in pitch.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The direct gear system used in turntables could not actually rotate unevenly.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The heavy metal plate plate served as a flywheel to help minimize speed oscillations.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In 1908, Columbia Records began mass-producing records with a recording printed on both sides.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

This soon became standard practice in the phonograph industry.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Those who favored the discs now received two recordings cheaper than in single-cylinder format.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Also worth mentioning is the better advertising and promotion of sound record companies, most noticeably practiced by Victor Talking Machine Company in the US and Gramophone Company/HMV in Britain.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Great singers such as Enrico Caruso were hired to make album recordings exclusively in order to put the idea of superiority in the minds of the company's product.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Loss of cylinders Cylinder recordings continued to compete against the burgeoning soundboard market until the 1910s, when discs won the commercial battle.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In that decade, Columbia (which had manufactured both discs and cylinders) switched exclusively to discs, and Edison began marketing its own sound records.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

However, Edison continued to sell new cylinders to consumers who own the phonograph until 1929.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The latest of the new cylinders were just copies of audio discs, and thus have worse sound quality than the disc versions.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Later use of phonograph cylinder technology The phonograph technique was used in office use on Dictaphone and Ediphone dictation machines for decades to come.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In 1947, Dictaphone replaced wax cylinders with its Dictabelt technique, which involved carving a mechanized groove instead of a wax cylinder into a plastic strap.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

This was later superseded by magnetic tape recording.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

However, cylinders for old-style dictation machines were still available for some years, and even in the 1950s it was not unusual to come across cylinder dictation machines.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

At the end of the 20th century and early 21st century, some new cylinder recordings have been made due to the novelty value of the use of old-time technology.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The most famous of these is perhaps “I Can Hear You”, recorded by the band They Might Be Giants in 1996, played without electricity and recorded with an 1898 phonograph from the Edison wax recording studio at the Edison National Historic Site in West Orange, New Jersey.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The song was released on the Factory Showroom label in 1996 and again in 2002 on the compilation Dial-A-Song: 20 Years of They Might Be Giants.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

(The band also performed and recorded a song about Edison, a studio version of which was included on their internet-only released Long Tall Weekend and later on their first No! on their disc.)


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Storage of cylinder recordings Due to the nature of the phonogram format, playing the cylinders can cause a decrease in the level of the recording.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Currently, the only professional-level device manufactured for the playback of cylinder phonograms is the Archeophone Series I player designed by Henri Chamoux.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The Archeophone instrument is currently used by the Edison National Historic Site Museum, Bowling Green University in Ohio, and The Department of Special Collections of the Donald C Davidson Library at the University of California, Santa Barbara.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Other modern devices using a magnetic Stanton 500 AL MK II sound box have also been produced from time to time.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

More information about these can be found on the Phonograph Makers Pages website.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

It is possible to use these in conjunction with Edison phonographs.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

To preserve the historical content of the recordings, the cylinders can be read using a confocal microscope and then transform the recordings into digital format.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The resulting sound shattering sounds better in most cases than repetition with a needle from the original cylinder.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

When an electronic version of the original recordings exists, archival keepers are able to open access to them to a wider audience.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

This technology also allows restoration of damaged or broken cylinders.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

New replicas of cylinder and audio disc recordings usually give the impression that the invention of the sound disc was a huge jump forward in sound quality, but this is due to modern playback equipment.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

When played on equipment from around 1900, the cylinders show neither significantly more interference nor a weaker bass sound than the discs.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Secondly, many of the cylinders are amateur recordings, when the equipment needed to make sound records again was simply too expensive for anyone other than professional recording artists.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In other words, many recordings of an extremely low standard were made on the cylinders, but the disc recordings were, as a rule, professionally made.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

However, this does not mean that a professional recording artist can't achieve as good results on a cylinder as he does on a disc.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The quality of the material is also an important point.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The earliest tin paper recordings wore out quickly.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Once the tin paper was removed from the cylinder, it was almost impossible to lay it back in callable condition.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

None of the original tin paper recordings have been played since the 19th century.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

(Theoretically, in the future, one might be able to salvage some of the sound from the few surviving rectified early tin paper recordings.)


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The earliest recordings made of soft wax also wore out pretty quickly, although the sound quality on them is better than on early rubber sound records.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

In addition to poor condition, the poor image received by contemporary listeners from wax cylinders may be due to the fact that the sound quality on the earliest recordings was significantly lower than, e.g., those made ten years later.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Except for one playable piece preserved from 1878 (from an experimental phonograph bell combination), the oldest surviving ringing cylinders date from 1888.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Among these are a badly weakened recording by Johannes Brahms and a brief speech by Sir Arthur Sullivan, of which, thankfully, has been made into a copy in relatively listenable condition.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Slightly newer of these are Nina Grieg's almost unlistenable amateur recordings from 1889.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

The earliest surviving rubber soundboard recordings are children's discs with animal voices and lullabies.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Because of this, the earliest record recordings heard by most music lovers are clay wafers made after 1900, more than ten years of product development.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Sources On the topic elsewhere — History of phonograph cylinders; listen to many examples dating from 1878 through 1912 on Bill Clark's 78 rpm Record site at the University of California, Santa Barbara Library with streaming and downloadable versions of over 6000 cylinders.


Question: How much does a phonograph cylinder weigh?

Phonograph cylinder

Category:Recording media Category:Audio technology


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece (,,), officially the Greek Republic or the Hellenic Republic [1] (), is a state in southern Europe, on the southern tip of the Balkan Peninsula, surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The country comprises not only mainland Greece but also a vast archipelago.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece has a population of about 10.8 million and an area of 131957 square kilometers.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Its capital and largest city is Athens.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] [3] Greece's location is strategic at the intersection of Europe, Asia and Africa.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The country's neighboring countries are Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria and Turkey.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece is traditionally divided into nine geographical regions, which are mainland Greece Central Greece, Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, Macedonia and Thrace, as well as the Aegean Islands of the archipelago, the Ionian Islands and Crete.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece is mountainous and earthquake-sensitive.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Depending on the calculation method, the archipelago comprises 2000—6000 islands.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The country's coastline is the longest in Europe.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[4] The history of Greece is long.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The earth has been inhabited for at least 200000 years.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece is the birthplace of Europe's earliest high-culture Minoan culture.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Ancient Greece was the cradle of all Western civilization, and the birthplace of Western democracy, philosophy, science and art.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Later Greece became part of the Macedonian Empire.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Since then, it was a central part of the Roman Empire and its heir Byzantine Empire.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

By 1500, much of the country had been taken over by the Ottoman Empire.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In parts of the country power was also held by the Republic of Venice.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece began a freedom struggle in 1821 and gained independence from the Ottoman Empire for good in 1830.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] As evidence of its long history, Greece has 18 sites on the UNESCO World Heritage List.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[6] Present-day Greece is a parliamentary republic.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The country is a founding member of the United Nations and a member of the European Union, OECD, WTO, OSCE and defence alliance NATO.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece is a market economy and the largest economy in the Balkans.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Its gross domestic product per capita ranges from 38 to 40 in the world in various statistics.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Maximum.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[7] [8] Significant livelihoods include tourism and shipping.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The currency of the country is the euro.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The majority of Greeks speak the Greek language and belong to the Orthodox Church.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] Name In antiquity, the Greeks referred to themselves as Hellenes.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The name “Greece” is derived from the Latin name Graecia used by the Romans.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] In the Middle Ages, in the Byzantine Empire, or Eastern Rome, and still until the beginning of the 19th century, Greeks who adopted Roman identity referred to themselves as “Romans”.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The names Hellenic and Hellenic Republic, reverting to antiquity, were introduced in the 19th century with the independence of Greece, the rise of the nationality cause, and the search for national identity.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Geography Greece comprises the southernmost part of the Balkan Peninsula.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The country is bordered by Albania, Republic of Macedonia (EJTM) and Bulgaria to the north and Turkey to the east.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Mainland Greece forms a large cape that protrudes into the eastern Mediterranean.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

It leaves the Mediterranean part of the Ionian Sea on its western side, on the eastern side between mainland Greece and Asia Minor the Aegean Sea and the rest of the Mediterranean Sea on the south side.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The southern part of mainland Greece is distinguished by the island-like Peloponnese peninsula, connected to mainland Greece proper by the narrow Isthmus of Corinth.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Mainland Greece and the Peloponnese are separated by the Gulf of Corinth and the Saronic Gulf.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In northern Greece, the Chalkidikí peninsula protrudes from the mainland into the Aegean Sea.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Greek archipelago, which includes approximately 2000—6000 islands depending on the calculation method, is mainly located in the Aegean Sea (Aegean Islands), but large islands also exist in the Ionian Sea (Ionian Islands).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The islands are most often clustered as island groups.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

On the southern edge of the Aegean Sea lies the country's largest island Crete.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

To its south lies the Libyan Sea.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] [9] The territory of Greece is placed between 34°48′03″N — 41°44′56″N and longitude 19°22′24″E — 29°38′42″E.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The land area is 131957 square kilometers, of which the land area is square kilometers and the water area is square kilometers.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

This makes Greece the 97th largest state in the world by area.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] The maximum length of the Earth in the north-south direction is 793 kilometers and the maximum width in the east-west direction is 992 km.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[10] The total length of the land borders of Greece is approximately kilometres.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Of this, the border with Albania is 212 km, the border with Bulgaria is 472 km, the border with the Republic of Macedonia is 234 km and the border with Turkey is 192 km.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The total length of the Greek coast is kilometres due to its tortuous coastline and extensive archipelago, which is the largest coastline length in the whole of Europe [2] [4] and the 11th largest in the world.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

About half of the shoreline is in the archipelago.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[9] Greece is traditionally divided into nine historical-geographical regions.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

These are Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, Macedonia, Thrace, i.e. Western Thrace, the Aegean Islands, the Ionian Islands and Crete.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

These regions should not be confused in part with the administrative regions of the same name.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Surface forms The Aegean region forms its own tectonic slab, the Aegean Slab.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

It is squeezed between the Eurasian slab and the African slab.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

As a result, Greece is one of the most seismically active countries in the whole world and an earthquake-prone region in Europe as a whole.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[11] For the same reason, there are also active and dormant and a large number of extinguished volcanoes on the territory of Greece.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The most active volcanic activity is located in the area of the so-called Hellenic Arc that runs across the Aegean Sea.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The only actual active volcano in Greece is Santoríni.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Its totality includes, in addition to the caldera of the Santorín island group proper, a number of undersea volcanoes such as Koloúmpo.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Some volcanic activity also remains on Méthana and Nísyros.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[12] Greece is a mountainous country.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The mountain range covers about 80% of the country's area, making Greece the third most mountainous country in Europe after Norway and Albania.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[13] The mountain chains of the mainland continue in the ocean as peninsulas and island lines.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The average altitude of the country is 498 meters above sea level.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] Approximately 67% of the area is at elevations above 200 m above sea level and about 13% above sea level.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[10] Greece's highest mountain is Ólympos () and the most significant mountain range of the country in a north-south direction bisecting the Píndos Mountains, where, among other things, the second highest peak Smólikas () is located.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Also, much of the Greek islands are mountains that rise from the now-undersea landmass of Aegea.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The highest mountain in the archipelago is the Ída of Crete, or Psiloreítis ().


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Plains, such as the coastal plain and inter-mountain plains, account for about 20% of Greece's area.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[10] The largest plateau area is in Central Macedonia and consists of the plateau regions of Thessaloniki, Giannitsá and Katerín, with a combined area of about.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The largest individual plains are the Thessaloniki Plain (), the Western Thessaly Plain (), the Giannitsá Plain (), the Sérres Plain (), the Lárisan—Týrnavos Plateau (), the Komotiní Plain (), as well as the Dráma Plateau ().


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[14] Approximately 63% of the land area is suitable for some form of agriculture.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Of this, more than half, of the total area around 35%, is pasture land.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Approximately 20% of the land is suitable for farming use and only about 9% for permanent crop use.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Forested land is approximately 30% of the area.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] The largest islands in the Greek archipelago are Crete, Euboia, Lesbos, Rhodes, Chíos, Kefaloniá and Corfu.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The islands are divided at the upper level in the Aegean Sea into the Aegean islands east of mainland Greece and the Ionian Islands on the west coast of mainland Greece in the Ionian Sea.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Aegean archipelago is further divided into sub-island groups, which are the Cyclades, Dodecanesia, Argo-Saronic Islands, Northern Sporades, and Northern Aegean Islands.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Crete and Euboia are not always counted as actual Aegean islands not only because of their large size, but also because they lie on the maritime outskirts.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The rivers of Greece are relatively scarce.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The longest rivers are the Évros, or Maritsa, and Strymónas, or Struma, which originate in Bulgaria, and the Axiós, or Vardar, which originates in the Republic of Macedonia.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Of them, however, only a smaller proportion flows through Greek territory.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The longest river that flows entirely on Greek territory is the Aliákmonas (297km).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

It originates in the Píndos Mountains, as do many other rivers in mainland Greece, among them the Pineiós, Achelóos, Kalamás and Árachthos.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In the Peloponnese peninsula, the largest rivers are the Alfeiós and the Evrótas.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[15] [16] [17] Greek lakes include both natural lakes, the largest of which are Trichonída, Vólvi, Vegorítida and Vistonída, and artificial lakes created by damming rivers, the largest of which are Kremastá, Polýfytos and Kerkíni.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Cities and settlements The majority, or 78%, of Greeks live in cities.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] The largest urban areas of the country are the metropolitan areas of Athens () and Thessaloniki ().


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[10] The Athens Metropolitan Area is home to less than half of the country's urban population.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The other largest cities as a whole, calculated by population of the urban area, are Patras (), Iraklion (), Lárisa (), Vólos (), Ródos (), Ioánnina (), Chaniá () and Chalkída () (See: List of cities in Greece).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The municipalities of Greece consist of towns, villages and other settlements.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[3] Climate Greece has a Mediterranean climate, although in the mountains of the northern part the climate is quite continental.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Summer is warm to hot, and the rainless and nearly cloudless season lasts about three months.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Sea breezes are buzzing in the archipelago, but big cities such as Athens can catch up.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Rains are mainly due to winter.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Snow can be obtained all over Greece, but in the archipelago it is rare.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In low-lying areas, it does not remain in the country almost ever.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Spring and autumn are short gap years when the weather is variable.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[18] The peculiarity of the Greek weather is the large amount of sunshine.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

It is obtained even for five hours in winter, up to 12—14 hours a day in summer.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[18] Extensive wildfires cause almost yearly problems in late summer.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

They have led to evacuations and sometimes fatalities as well.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[19] Vegetation and fauna in Greece have been found over plant species and 900 species of animals.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Forests cover about 30% of Greece's area.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] Notable tree species include aleppo pine, oak, beech and chestnut at lower elevations, and six higher up the slopes of the mountains.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[10] Among animal species, there are endangered species such as the fake caret turtle and the monk seal.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[20] Greek national parks include ten national forests, namely Ólympos, Parnassós, Párnitha, Aínos and Oít National Forests, Píndos National Forest and Víkoksen—Aóos National Forest, Préspa Lakes National Forest, Soúnio National Forest, and Samariá National Forest.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In addition, the country has two marine nation parks, Alónnisos and Northern Sporades Marine National Park and Zákynthos Marine National Park, 15 other national parks, as well as numerous other nature reserves.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[21] [22] [23] History Prehistory The earliest signs of Paleolithic period settlement in Greece date to about 200000 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

in the north of Greece and Thessaly.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In the 700s BC.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In northern Greece, there was a Neolithic period of farming.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] The Bronze Age began in Greek around 3200 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Bronze age cultures in the Greek region are collectively referred to as the Aegean cultures.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

They include Cycladic culture influenced by the Cyclades and other Aegean islands, the Minoan culture mainly influenced by Crete, and a Helladic culture influenced especially in mainland Greece, the final stage of which is known as Mycenaean culture.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

There was a lot of interaction between these cultures and they were intertwined, especially in their final stages, in many ways.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Minoan and Mycenaean culture were the first high cultures in all of Europe.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Minoan culture is known above all for the great palace centres it built in Crete, such as Knossos and Faistus.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The construction of palaces began in the First Palace Period around 2000 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

and flourished in the Second Palace Period, beginning around 1750—1700 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] However, Minoan culture was neither Indo-European nor Greek-speaking.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The mydelic culture that eventually supplanted Minoan culture, on the other hand, was the first Greek-speaking culture in Europe.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The first peoples to speak Greek arrived in the territory of mainland Greece around 2000 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The peak period of Mycenaean culture began around 1600 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

and it took over the core areas of Minoan culture in Crete around 1450 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Mycenaeans also built palaces, the most famous of which include Mycenae, Tiryns and Pylos in the Peloponnese.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The culture wrote Greek in its final stages, and used linear B writing for this.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Later Greek mythology specifically told reminders of the Mycenaean period, such as the Trojan War, which may have dated to around the period 1250—1200 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Mycenaean culture collapsed around 1200 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Ancient Greece The collapse of early cultures was followed by the Dark Centuries of Greece, which lasted from about 1200—800 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

During that time, a great deal of the peoples of the Greek peoples took place in the region, and Greece passed from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age beginning around 1000 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

During the troubled period, culture regressed and communities became impoverished.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Around 1000—850 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

evolved into the kingdoms of the homeric period.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Around 900 BC.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

began a geometric period that marked a great development in pottery, and at the same time shows a revival of culture and economy and an increase in commerce.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Around 800 BC.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

since then the Polis, or Greek city-states, were born in which a new and flourishing culture developed.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

From Greece of this era, the term Ancient Greece is used and from its early period around 700—500 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

referred to as the Greek Archaic Period.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] The first historically known Olympian Games were held in 776 BC, where the historical period in Greece begins.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Ancient Greek literature, and at the same time Western literature as a whole, originated with the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer's works around 750—700 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Ancient Greek architecture began to take its shape when the first Doorite temple, the Olympian Temple of Hera, was built around 600 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] The most prominent of the Greek city-states were Athens and Sparta.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

City-states also emerged in abundance outside present-day Greece, particularly on the west coast of Asia Minor and southern Italy (Magna Graecia), as well as elsewhere along the Mediterranean coasts, with the Greeks establishing settlements in these areas.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The philosophy developed in Asia Minor in the Greek settlements of the Ionian coast around 600 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Athens is particularly known for its democracy, which developed from the late 5th century BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

from.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] 4th-century BCE


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

in the beginning, the Greeks waged the so-called Persian Wars against Persia.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In them, the Greek city-states were able to overcome the Persian threat and practically saved the budding Western civilization.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The war is particularly remembered for the battles of Marathon, Thermopylai and Salamii.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The wars were followed by the greatest heyday of Greek culture, the Greek Classical Period around 480—323 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Classical culture flourished especially in Athens, a manifestation of which include the Acropolis and the Parthenon.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

For a time, the city attained the leadership of the Greek world with the help of the Delos maritime union.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

4th-century BC


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

in the latter half, the Great “Civil War” of the Greek world saw the Peloponnesian War, with Athens and Sparta in particular opposing each other.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Mutual wars between the Greeks continued between Athens, Sparta and Thebes into the 3rd century BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

in the early part.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Towards the end of the century, the Macedonian Empire first conquered all of Greece during the Battle of Khaironeia in 338 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

with and then under the leadership of Alexander the Great throughout Asia-Egypt.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Subsequently, Greek culture spread widely in these areas as well.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The era is called the Hellenistic period.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The political importance of Greek city-states declined, but Athens, for example, remained a major centre of erudition.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 168 BC.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Macedonia suffered a defeat to the Roman Empire.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

All of Greece became a Roman province in 146 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

after the Romans destroyed Corinth.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

By the beginning of the period, Rome had taken over most of the entire Greek world.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Roman Civil War of 43—31 BC.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

the decisive Battle of Aktion was fought in Greece in 31 BC.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Roman Empire adopted some of the Greek culture into itself, and Greece and Athens became a place of education for the Roman upper class.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The centre of the Roman Greek province, or Achaea, became the centre of the rebuilt Corinth from 46 BCE.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Many emperors, especially Emperor Hadrian, acted as benefactors of Greece and conducted major building programs.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Christianity arrived in Greece with the missionary voyages of the Apostle Paul 49—54.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The state religion it became in Greece as well as in the whole kingdom with the proclamation of Emperor Theodosius I in 381.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] The Byzantine-Ottoman period with the dissolution of the Roman Empire in 395 Greece remained in its Greek-speaking eastern part, which developed into the medieval Byzantine kingdom.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The orthodox form of Christianity (Byzantine Church) became established as the state religion.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Byzantium in many respects preserved the ancient Greco-Roman tradition as united with Christianity.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The center of the kingdom was in Constantinople.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In the area of present-day Greece, notable centres were Thessaloniki and Mystras, among others.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Athens also thrived once again in the Middle Byzantine period.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

However, Byzantine power in many parts of Greece was always weak, and the country was subject to international migrations by Bulgars, Slavs and other tribes, while the archipelago and other coastal areas were vulnerable to pirate attacks.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Byzantine Golden Age was around the years 850—1050.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Normans took over parts of Greece in 1081—1149.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

After the Crusaders recaptured Constantinople as a result of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, Greece was divided between the conquerors, chiefly Venetians and Franks.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Byzantium regained control of Constantinople and Mystras in 1261, after which Byzantine culture rose yet to its final heyday, but otherwise the empire's former greatness was gone.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

From the 14th century onwards, the Turkic Ottoman Empire developed as a new threat.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Ottoman invaded much of mainland Greece between 1390 and 1450.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

At the same time, Venice captured most of western Greece and the Greek archipelago and established fortifications in Greek territory to fight the Ottoman forces.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Byzantium was definitively defeated in 1453 after the Turks captured Constantinople and then most of the other last territories of the empire, including Athens 1456 as well as Mystras 1460 and most of the rest of the Peloponnese in 1503.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Thus Greece became part of the Ottoman Empire.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

However, the Ionian Islands and Crete in particular survived for a long time under Venetian rule.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Venetians defeated the Turks at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571 and blocked their attempts to advance further west.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Venetians also conquered part of the Peloponnese in 1684, but the Turks reclaimed the territories in 1715.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] During the Ottoman rule, Greeks were allowed to keep their Orthodox faith, and the Church acted as the custodian of Greekness and the Greek language.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

However, the Greeks were subject to great fiscal strains and others, and the Ottoman exercise of power was sometimes very brutal.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In the peripheral regions, Ottoman power was weak, and the Greeks often revolted.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

As a result, they were also allowed to suffer bloody reprisals by the Turks.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Some of the Greeks especially in Asia Minor became Turkized over time.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The actual nationality idea and the idea of independence began to emerge in Greece with the Enlightenment in the 18th and early 19th centuries.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The freedom movement Filikí Etaireía was founded in 1814.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] The present Greek state as the date of the start of the uprising against the Greek Ottoman rule is officially held on 25 March 1821.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

It was the origin of the Greek War of Independence.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The actual declaration of independence was issued in Néa Epídavros in the New Year 1822.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Revolutionary War lasted all the way until 1829.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

It was bloody and many Greeks gave their lives for freedom.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Many philhellenes from across Europe also joined the war.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greek independence was recognised in the London Protocol on 3 February 1830. At the time, Britain, France and Russia were recognised.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The capital of independent Greece was initially in Aígina from 1828 to 1829, then in Náfplio from 1830 to 1834, and from 1834 in Athens.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece was initially a republic (so called: First Greek Republic).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Ioánnis Kapodístrias became the first president of Greece in 1828, but was assassinated in 1831.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1832, Greece became the Kingdom of Greece.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The country's first king was Otto, a Bavarian, from 1832.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

He went into exile as a result of the revolution in 1862.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Otto was succeeded as king by George I of Denmark, who was in power from 1863—1913.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] The territory of the Greek state was initially considerably smaller than it is today.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

It originally included Central Greece and the Peloponnese, as well as the Argo-Saronic and Cycladic islands.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1864, Great Britain ceded the Ionian Islands it held to Greece.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1881 Greece received the main part of Thessaly, as well as part of Epirus.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The First and Second Balkan Wars of 1912—1913 resulted in the annexation of South Macedonia and Northern Aegean islands belonging to the Ottoman Empire to Greece, the remainder of Thessaly and Epirus, and Crete, which had declared independence as early as 1898 and announced on accession to Greece in 1908.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Even after these territorial expansions, Greeks also lived a lot outside the country, especially in the Smyrna (present-day İzmir) region of Asia Minor.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1896, Greece held the first modern Olympic Games.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

King George I was assassinated in 1913.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Rising to power came Konstantin I.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

He renounced the crown in 1917.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The new king became his son Alexander, who died in 1920.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Constantin I returned to power, but relinquished power again in 1922.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

After this, George II became king.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece entered World War I in 1917.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] Around the time and after the war, there were general calls for the annexation of the Greek territories of Asia Minor to Greece (Megáli idéa).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

After the peace agreement of Sèvres, the territories were under Greek control for some years, but Turkey did not sign the treaty.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Thus, in 1919—1922, Greece went to war with Turkey.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Greeks' ambition was to recapture even Constantinople.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] In Turkey, this war is known as the Turkish War of Independence.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The war led to the defeat of Greece in what is known as the Asia Minor Catastrophe.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The disaster culminated in the burning of the Greek city of Smyrna in 1922.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Treaty of Lausanne after the war meant Greece temporarily relinquished the territories it had gained, as well as compulsory population exchange between the two countries.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

About two million Greeks who remained on the Turkish side and Turks who remained on the Greek side were forced to move from their homes to the neighbouring country.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

As a result, a large number of people moved to the territory of present-day Greece at one time, which led to uncontrolled rapid growth of large cities, as well as social unrest.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Population exchange was done primarily on the basis of religion, not language.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Among the most prominent politicians of the early 20th century was the multiple prime minister Elefthérios Venizélos.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

King George II was deposed in 1923.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1924 Greece became a republic (so called: Second Greek Republic).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The monarchy was restored in 1935, and George II returned to regain power.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Meanwhile, Ioánnis Metaxás 1936—1941 served as the country's military dictator.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

After World War II began in 1939, Greece declared itself neutral.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1940, however, Greece went to war against Italy, which invaded the country, and then, in 1941, occupied by Germany.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Major battles of World War II in Greece included the Battle of Crete in 1941 as well as the takeover of the Dodecanese in 1943.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

As a result of the occupation, more than 100,000 people starved to death.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In addition, during the occupation period more than 50,000 Jews were taken from Greece to Auschwitz concentration camp and of the more than 50,000 Jews who lived in Thessaloniki, the vast majority were killed in concentration camps or in the city's sports stadium.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[24] After the war, Greece was a founding member of the United Nations in 1945.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1946—1949, Greece saw a civil war between Soviet-backed communists and U.S.-backed anti-communists, ending in victory for opponents of communism.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

This led to a decades-long split, with leftists and right-wingers humming each other.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1947, King Paul I.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In the same year, the Dodecanese islands, which had been under Italian rule since 1912, were annexed to Greece as the last territorial union.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1952, Greece joined the defense alliance NATO.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The last King of Greece served as Konstantin II, officially from 1964—1973.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1967, however, a right-wing military junta ousted the king and democratically elected government and seized power.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The junta was led by Geórgios Papadópoulos.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1974, Greek-Turkish relations became inflamed due to the situation in Cyprus and especially the Turkish occupation of Cyprus.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The junta fell the same year.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

A referendum was then held on the basis of which the monarchy was abolished.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece once again became a republic (so called: Greek Third Republic) in 1975.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Since the fall of the military junta, Greece has evolved into a normal Western democracy.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

From the 1970s until the 2010s, in power alternated between the Social Democrats PASOK and the Right New Democracy.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Notable politicians of the post-junta period were, in isolation, Konstantínos Karamanlís and Andréas Papandréou.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[5] In 1974, Greece withdrew from NATO command structures in protest against the occupation of Cyprus, but rejoined in 1980.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 1981, Greece became a member of the EEC.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[19] The country benefited greatly from membership and the subsidies it brought, and has modernized its society and economy rapidly.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 2001 Greece joined the Eurosystem.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 2004, the country held the Summer Olympics, ahead of which the country had large building programmes implemented with debt money.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[25] Towards the end of 2009, the Greek economy slipped into a severe debt crisis.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

After early elections in October 2009, Geórgios Papandréou of the PASOK party became Prime Minister.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Since 2010, eurozone states and the IMF have provided Greece with new loans in a series of aid packages to deal with its debt crisis.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In return for the loans, Greece has been forced to agree to broad austerity and economic reforms.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Papandréou resigned in November 2011 as the country fell into deadlock in its debt crisis and a coalition government led by Loukás Papadímos was formed.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 2012, power passed to the government of Antónis Samarás.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 2015, elections were won by leftist Syriza, since which time the country has been run by a government led by Aléxis Tsípras.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Politics and Administration Political system The current Greek Constitution came into force on 11 June 1975 and has been supplemented in 1986, 2001 and 2008.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] According to the Constitution, Greece is a parliamentary republic in which power rests with the people.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Legislative powers are exercised by the Greek parliament and president, executive powers of the president and government, and jurisdiction by independent courts of law.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[26] The Greek Parliament is unicameral and consists of 300 MPs elected for four-year terms.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The majority in Parliament previously alternated between the two ruling parties, PASOK (Social Democrats) and New Democracy (Right).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Since the 2015 general election, however, the country's largest party has been the leftist Syriza.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[27] The head of state of Greece is the President of Greece, elected by Parliament.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The president doesn't have that much political power.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Since 2015, Prokópis Pavlópoulos serves as president.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The Greek government is headed by the Greek prime minister


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Since 2015, Aléxis Tsípras of the Syriza Party serves as Prime Minister.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Voter turnout in the election has been around 64%.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[28] Greeks trust politicians quite a bit due to the instability of the country's political history.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

More significant are personal and official relationships.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[29] The traditional system can be described as clientelism, that is, based on reciprocal favours.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[30] Administrative division Greece is divided administratively into seven regions of decentralized administration (apokentroméni dioíkis), divided into 13 regions (periféreia).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The regions are further subdivided into 74 regional units (perifereiakí enótita) and these into 325 municipalities (dímos).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[3] [31] Until the end of 2010, the territories were divided into 51 prefectures (nomós).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Furthermore, Greece includes Athos, or Holy Mountain Autonomous Monk State, which is a self-governing monastic state.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The territories and autonomous communities of Greece are: [3] [32] National Defence The Greek Armed Forces consist of the Land Forces (Ellinikós Stratós, ES), the Navy (Ellinikó Polemikó Naftikó, EPN) and the Air Force (Ellinikí Polimikí Aeroporía, EPA).


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

All males aged 19—45 are conscripted.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Men's conscript service lasts for a year; women can apply for service as volunteers.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 2015, the country spent about 4.5 percent of its gross domestic product on military spending.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] Greece is a defense alliance NATO member since 1952.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Among other things, the country is involved in NATO peacekeeping missions in Afghanistan and Kosovo and fighting piracy in waters near the Horn of Africa.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[33] Foreign Policy For many years Greek foreign policy has been marked by the question of Cyprus and relations with Turkey.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

With Turkey, the country has had disputes not only over Cyprus but also border disputes and even intermittent clashes, especially in the Aegean region on the small Greek islands off the Turkish coast.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece has also had disputes with its northern neighbour the Republic of Macedonia over the country's name since 1992, as Greece wants the name to refer only to Greek Macedonia.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[34] In Greece, the Republic of Macedonia is referred to as Skópia (Skopje) according to its capital.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece actively opposes the use of the Macedonian name in international contexts as the name of the country, as well as the country's application for membership in NATO.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Economy The Greek economy is a market economy in which, however, the public sector has always played a strong role.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In 2015, the estimated gross domestic product was 286billionUSD.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

GDP per capita was around 26400USD, which is about two-thirds of the leading eurozone countries.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Actual GDP growth in 2013 was — 3.2%, in 2014 0.7% and in 2015 — 0.2%.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Services account for about 81% of GDP, industry 15% and agriculture 4%.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The public sector accounts for about 40% of GDP.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece is the largest recipient of EU aid, with subsidies accounting for about 3.3% of GDP.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Annual inflation in 2015 was around — 1.7%.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] The Greek economy is based on large corporations and, on the other hand, extensive, often family-run private enterprise.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The size of the workforce was approximately 4791,000 people in 2015.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Of this, services accounted for about 72%, 15% in industry and 13% in agriculture.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece's main export products are food and beverages, petrochemical products, chemicals, as well as textiles and many other industrial goods.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The main imported goods to Greece are machinery, means of transport, fuels and chemicals.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] Trade is strongly in deficit because many products need to be imported from abroad and foreign products are also often valued more than domestic ones.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[29] The currency of Greece is the euro, formerly the drachma.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece was admitted to the Eurosystem in 2001 and the euro came into use as cash from the beginning of 2002.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[35] Public finances and debt crisis The Greek economy has been in deficit for a long time.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Public debt has been taken for years from abroad for various building programmes, as well as raising public sector wages.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Euro membership made it easier to get a loan.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

In late 2009, Greece's economy slipped into an acute debt crisis as obtaining a loan became more difficult as a result of the global economic crisis that began in 2008.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[25] [36] The EU Commission later clarified that Greece had glossed over its statistics to get into the euro.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Government finances were in debt for years before the financial crisis escalated, with public sector deficits higher than the permitted 3%.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[37] [38] In the spring of 2010, other EU countries and the IMF decided to borrow money to bail out Greece.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[39] In order to obtain aid, Greece agreed to drastically cut government spending.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

Greece has, among other things, lowered or frozen public sector wages, raised the retirement age, increased taxes and privatized state assets.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

The country's debt crisis has been persistent since then.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

GDP dropped from 2010 to 2015 by about 25%.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[25] In 2015, unemployment was the worst in Europe, at around 25%.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

As many as 52.4% of youth were unemployed, which is the highest figure in the world.


Question: What is the name of the Greek national anthem?

Greece

[2] By 2015, Greece's debt had reached EUR 320 billion and the country had been supported by 240 billion.