Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[42] At the time, it was speculated that light would need some kind of medium, an aether, along which light and other electromagnetic radiation would propagate.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Aether was a complex and contradictory concept, aether when should have been hard, liquid and yet frictionless at the same time.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Ether was not found in experiments, and the whole concept was discredited.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

What was needed was a change to the then knowledge of physics, or forgetting about the medium.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In the early 20th century, it was proposed to change the concepts of time and length.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In the early 20th century, Frenchman Henri Poincaré and Dutchman Hendrik Lorentz published new calculations of spacetime and motion.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[42] It seems that Einstein was not very well informed about the results of his colleagues but focused on his own theory.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He considered time and length to be relative concepts.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The basic principles of concise relativity are: The speed of light is constant, regardless of the observer and the speed of the light source.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Principle of proportionality: The laws of physics are the same in every coordinate system moving at constant speed.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

So there is no special point or direction better than others in space that could be determined to be in place or velocity zero.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The final results of the theory are completely different from classical physics.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The consequences of relativity include: Time dilation, in which the time of a piece in motion travels slower than that of a stationary observer.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The length contraction, or Lorentz contraction, according to which the length of a piece decreases the closer its velocity is to the speed of light.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein published a concise theory of relativity in the summer of 1905 but perfected it a few months later with a three-page article.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

At the same time, E=mc², which became perhaps the most famous equation, was added to the narrow theory of relativity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

This work is often read as the fourth annus mirabilis work, although it is only a complement to the narrow theory of relativity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Other work on General Relativity General relativity is an extension of concise relativity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein introduced general relativity in 1915.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The theory competed with the theory published two years earlier by the Finnish Gunnar Nordström.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein developed and lectured very much on Nordström's theory.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

However, Nordström's theory was deficient and did not explain all phenomena or fail to explain them correctly.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In concise relativity, Einstein looked at steady motion.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In general relativity, Einstein generalized the view and added forces to it, especially gravity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

While in 1907 working at the Bern Patent Office, he began to consider gravity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein imagined a situation where a man is freely face down in a falling elevator.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The man does not feel his own weight when the elevator falls freely in the gravitational field.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Based on this, Einstein thought gravity was a pseudo-force resulting from the choice of the coordinate system.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein thought motion to always be straightforward, but with mass curving space to a dent and causing an anomaly in straightforward motion: this again is observed as a force.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein also revamped his concept of time in general relativity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Time is relative but moreover local.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The curvature of space also affects the course of time.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[43] Later Einstein added the so-called cosmological constant to general relativity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

According to relativity, it appeared that space was either expanding or collapsing.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein had to develop something that would keep the universe stable and developed a cosmological constant.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Later, Einstein said this had been his “biggest dick.”


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[44] However, the cosmological constant may be a well-founded hypothesis.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Observations of supernovae in the 1990s show that the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

This can be explained by the value of the cosmological constant, which is slightly different from zero.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The EPR paradox Einstein, like many other physicists, was dissatisfied with the picture of physical reality given by quantum mechanics.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[45] Building on this, Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen created a thought experiment that undermined the supporting foot of quantum mechanics, the Heisenberg Inaccuracy Principle.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

According to Heisenberg's theory of inaccuracy, for example, speed and place cannot be measured infinitely accurately at once.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

According to the EPR thought experiment, this is possible again.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

When two particles are sent from the same point and the velocity of one particle and the place of the other are measured, according to the EPR paradox, the place of one particle and the time of the other can be deduced from this.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The thought experiment produced plenty of grey hair for Niels Bohr, who, however, was still able to complete the response that year and succeeded in subverting the EPR thought experiment.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The Theory of Everything Einstein, after his theories of relativity, tried to combine quantum mechanics and relativity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He worked on the theory of everything for almost 30 years without success, but laid the groundwork for what was to come.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein was still working on the theory of everything on his deathbed [46].


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein may have made the mistake of not trying to create a theory of everything on top of quantum mechanics.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[47] His greatest stumbling block turned out to be the combination of relativity and quantum mechanics, and especially the desire to remove from physics the uncertainty inherent in quantum mechanics.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[48] Political views Socialism Albert Einstein was a socialist since his student years and advocated democracy and a state-run economy to the place of capitalism.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein's perhaps best known non-natural science writing is “Why Socialism”, published in the Monthly Review in 1949.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He was involved in the activities of many human rights organizations and is often regarded as a humanist.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein appreciated Vladimir Lenin, saying of him: “I respect Lenin as a man who perfectly sacrificed himself and gave all his energy to the realization of social equality.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

I don't find his methods practical, but one thing is certain: men like him are protectors and restorers of humanity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[49] In the United States, Einstein was treated with caution.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The FBI collected a 1427-page file on Einstein's activities and recommended that he not be granted citizenship.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The argument was made against US legislation (the Alien Exclusion Act) and Einstein's affiliations with communism.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[50] [51] Pacifism Einstein is said to have been a pacifist, whatever he was publicly at a young age, at the time of World War I.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He incited men to refuse to perform conscription.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[52] However, Einstein participated in a project to design aircraft wings during wartime, where his ideas failed.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[53] After the war, Einstein participated in the development of the humdrum compass and did not suffer any problems of conscience, although the invention was mainly interested in warships.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He received some income from Compass, but after World War II began patent fees ceased, although Einstein inquired after them from Germany.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Compasses proved to be good were used by the German and Japanese navies in World War II.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[54] [55] Einstein rejected public pacifism after Hitler came to power in Germany.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He wrote to Belgian conscientious objectors: “If I were Belgian, I would not, in the present circumstances, refuse military service.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Instead, I would enter the service with delight in the belief that I would hereby help save European civilization.” Einstein helped Jews escape Nazi Germany and while living in the United States, he took a stand against the racial repression of blacks practiced in the country.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[52] Einstein recommended to the United States the development of an atomic bomb, lest Hitler get to it first, and even, persuaded by his colleagues, sent a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt recommending the start of a programme aimed at developing a nuclear weapon.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

However, in the development of the weapon itself, he did not participate because the United States considered him politically unreliable.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The atomic weapon was used instead of Germany to force Japan to peace, and Einstein regretted the letter he sent because he had sent it believing Germany had atomic weapons in the pipeline.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[56] After the war, Albert Einstein began campaigning for nuclear disarmament.The solution proposed by Einstein was a world government under which the United States, the Soviet Union and other military powers would provide their armed forces.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[52] Anti-Nazism Adolf Hitler was voted German Reich Chancellor in January 1933.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

As his first acts, his government enacted a law, the “Gesetz zur Wiederherstellung des Berufsbeamtentums”, which prevented Jews and other “obscure groups” from working in administrative works, and the act also applied to university professors.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The exception was individuals who had shown extraordinary loyalty to Germany during World War I.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

A month before Hitler was elected, Einstein had travelled to the United States to lecture at a college called the Institute for Advanced Study just founded by Abraham Flexner.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein again rejected his German citizenship and decided to settle permanently in the United States.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[50] Einstein was very negative about his former homeland even after the end of World War II.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[57] Zionism Einstein was a Zionist in a cultural sense, but he often expressed reservations about the nationalist application of Zionism.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

For example, he said in one speech, “My understanding of the most essential nature of Judaism opposes the idea of Jewish states with their borders, armies, and quantity of material power, however restrained it may be.” He further signed an open letter published in the New York Times condemning Menachem Begin and this nationalist Herut Party — specifically the way Herut's predecessor, the Irgun, had treated Arabs who represented the region's indigenous population.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein turned down the post of President of Israel he was offered in 1952: “Politics is only for this day, but equations are eternal.” However, Einstein strongly influenced the initiation of activities of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, for example.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Relating to religion Einstein considered believing in spirit beings in the latter stages of his life to be childish [58] and did not believe in a god who would be anthropomorphic, an independent personality and would punish or reward.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

At a younger age, he mentioned, in 1929, to Rabbi Herbert Goldstein that he believed in the god Spinoza.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In other words, to a god that is substance, that is nature.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[58] Einstein used a lot of faith and god based parables, but they still do not prove Einstein believes in a god.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The most famous expression of this kind is probably “God does not throw dice”.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein often labeled in official documentaries that he was non-denominational, but wrote that he was Jewish if the denomination was forced to choose.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein wrote an article in Science magazine Nature in 1940, Science and Religion, reflecting on the conflict between religion and science.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The article gives the picture that Einstein considered the differences between science and faith to be misunderstandings.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In 1954, he again wrote a highly anti-religious letter to German philosopher Eric Gutkind.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In the letter, he describes religion as a childish superstition and barks the Bible as a collection of primal legends.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein also denies the status of Jews as a chosen people.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He writes: “They [Jews] do not have any special qualities over other people.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

To me, the Jewish religion is like everything else: the epitome of childish superstitions.” “To me, the word “god” is nothing more than an expression and product of human weakness.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The Bible is a collection of venerable but primal legends that are quite childish.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Even sophisticated interpretations cannot change this issue,” Einstein states in his letter.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[59] Einstein's influence on technology At the everyday level, Einstein's influence has been transformative.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

As early as 1917, Einstein introduced stimulated emission, which was later implemented as a laser.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The function of photocells is based on the photoelectric phenomenon, which Einstein explained and thus laid the groundwork for its development for practical applications such as solar cells and peepholes.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Furthermore, Einstein's key insight was that light quantizes naturally.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

This laid the groundwork for quantum mechanics, which is used as such, for example, in chemistry to simulate protein folding for drug development, as well as in electronics research.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

A major use of relativity is GPS positioning.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Outside of outright benefits from non-basic research, Einstein also improved the operation of the refrigerator by developing more efficient heat pumps.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein in Culture Influence on modern art Einstein had a primary influence on modern science, but through it he contributed materially to the shaping of modern art.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The theories of relativity published by Einstein showed the world to be completely different from what had previously been thought.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

This, along with other scientific and philosophical advances, caused a change in the worldview in the early 20th century that artists exploited.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein has traditionally been considered one of the most significant contributors to the Cubist art created by Pablo Picasso, in which a particular piece is simultaneously depicted from different directions.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Arthur I. Miller suggests in his book Einstein, Picasso: Space, Time and the Beauty That Causes Havoc (2001), however, that the French mathematician Henri Poincaré is a link between relativity and Cubism.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Picasso and Einstein studied simultaneously in a pair of simultaneity — Einstein temporal and Picasso spatial simultaneity.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

According to Miller, the ideas of both were influenced by Poincaré's “La Science et l'hypothèse” piece.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[60] 72nd birthday photo Perhaps the most famous take of Albert Einstein is a photograph of the scientist by UMP's Arthur Sasse on his 72nd birthday.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The photograph has become a common subject around the world on t-shirts and promotional posters and coffee cups.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein had been just leaving a birthday party at Princeton.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

As Einstein walked with Dr. Frank Aydelotte and his wife to the car outside, reporters and photographers waiting outside took photographs of Einstein and tried to make him smile.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein, after the occasion, was to such an extent tired of smiling that he didn't agree to the cameramen's requests.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Still as Einstein sat in the back of the car, reporters tried to coax a smile from Einstein, but he is reported to have just shouted it enough.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

However, the screams did not intensify; reporters continued to take pictures of the entourage.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

As the reporter asked Einstein once more to pose for a birthday picture, the physicist celebrity decided to show them some language.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

At the same moment, Arthur Sasse took a photograph of the troupe.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein liked the picture very much after seeing it.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

He cut the image in such a way that only his head could be seen, thus cropping Aydelottet away.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein commissioned a few copies of the picture and pictures for thank-you cards.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[61] In popular culture, Einstein has greatly inspired literature, film and stage art.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In 2005, Jean-Claude Carrier's novel Einstein s'il vous plaît (.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Nicolas Roeg has directed the film Equally with Empty, in which actor Michael Emil played — though unnamed but obviously Einstein meaning — a physicist, and Fred Schepisi in the film I.Q.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein was also the subject of Philip Glass's opera Einstein on the Beach.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The word einstein has become synonymous with genius and genius.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

[52] In this sense, the entertainment science program on Nelosen has also been named.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Admittedly, there may also be distraction and poor social skills.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

The United Nations declared 2005 the Year of Physics because Albert Einstein's concise theory of relativity filled one hundred years.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In the jubilee year, Albert Einstein and his achievements were especially honored.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Einstein's character also appears in computer games, among them in the strategy game Command & Conquer: Red Alert developed by the gamehouse Westwood Studios, at the beginning of which Einstein decides to prevent the start of World War II and builds a time machine that allows him to travel to 1924 to kill Hitler.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

In the game, however, the war is not prevented, the Soviet Union and the United States begin to fight for Europe.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Nominations and awards The unit einstein used in photochemistry is named after Albert Einstein.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

One einstein corresponds to the amount of energy of one photon multiplied by Avogadro's century Elemental einsteinium is named after him Asteroid 2001 Einstein is named after him Albert Einstein Prize Albert Einstein Peace Prize HEAO-2 was named Einstein Observatory Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Fölsing, Albrecht| title= Albert Einstein: Biography| others = Translated by Grumpy, Seppo| location = Helsinki| publisher = Terra Cognita| year = 1999| version = (Initial work: Albert Einstein: Eine Biographie, 1995) | isbn = 952-5202-272-5}} References Literature Biographies and general Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Fölsing, Albrecht| title = Albert Einstein: Biography| others = Translated by Grumpy, Seppo| publisher = Helsinki: Terra Cognita| year = 1999| version = (Albert Einstein: Eine Biographie, 1995) | isbn = 952-5202-27-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Painter, Jukka| title = Worldline: Albert Einstein and modern physics| location = Helsinki| publisher = Astronomical Association Ursa| year = 2006| version = Ursa publications 100| isbn = 952-5329-51-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Oja, Heikki & Vilhu, Osmi (ed.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

) | title = Albert Einstein researcher and human| location = Helsinki| publisher = Astronomical Association Ursa| year = 1979| version = Ursa publications XI| isbn = 951-9269-07-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kuznetsov, Boris| title = Einstein Life.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Death.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Immortality| others = Translated by Robert Colomainen| location = Moscow| publisher = Progress| year = 1985}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ashtekar, Abhay| title = 100 Years of Relativity: Space-Time Structure, Einstein and Beyond| publisher = World Scientific Publishing| year = 2005| isbn=981-256-394-6| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Science Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Einstein, Albert| title = Special and General Theory of Relativity | location = Helsinki| publisher = Astronomical Association Ursa| year = 2003| version = Translated and commented by Raimo Lehti.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Ursa publications 90| isbn = 952-5329-33-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Einstein, Albert & Infeld, Leopold| title = Physics Development: From Newton to Quantum Theory| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1962| version = Translated by Heikki Hirvinen}} Citation, error, error replace with {{cite book| author = Mehra, Jagdish| title= Einstein, Physics and Reality| publisher = World Scientific Publishing Company| year = 2000| isbn=978-981-023-913-8| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Geroch, Robert| title= General Relativity from A to B| publisher = Art House| year = 2000| isbn = 978-951-884-253-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Fearter, Jukka| title = Worldline: Albert Einstein and Modern physics| location = Helsinki| publisher = Astronomical Association Ursa| year = 2006| version = Ursa publications 100| isbn = 952-5329-51-8}} Politics and Religion Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Einstein, Albert & Freud, Sigmund| title = Why war?


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Correspondence from 1932| others = Translated by Pellikka, Maija| location = Helsinki| publisher = Bazar| year = 2003| version = (Warum Krieg?


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

: Ein Briefwechsel, 1932.)


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Essay: Isaac Asimov| isbn = 951-9107-19-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Einstein, Albert| title = Atomic War or Peace: The World by Albert Einstein's Eye| others = Translated by Eva Isaksson| location = Helsinki| publisher = Peace Books| year = 2002| isbn = 954591-91-7-06-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jerome, Fred & Einstein, Albert| title= Einstein on Israel and Zionism: His Provocative Ideas about the Middle East| publisher = St. Martin's Press| year = 2009| isbn = 978-0-312-36228-7| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only use for in File namespace.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

& Schulmann, Robert| title= Einstein on Politics: His Private Thoughts and Public Stands on Nationalism, Zionism, War, Peace, and the Bomb| publisher = Princeton University Press| year = 2007| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

About Einstein and pictures of the Nobelprize.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein


Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

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Question: In what year is world government first mentioned?

Albert Einstein

Category:Agnostic thinkers Category:Einsteins Category:Cosmologists Category:Max Planck Medal Recipients Category:Copley Medal Recipients Category:Pacifists Class:German physicists Class:Swiss physicists Category:American physicists Category:People born in 1879 Class:Those who died in 1955 Category:Key articles of screening Category:Jews


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Warcraft is Blizzard Entertainment's most successful game series.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Originally, Warcraft was only a series of light strategy games, but since the release of World of Warcraft it has moved to a series of role-playing games as well.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

The series has won several Game of the Year awards.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Fantasy Flight Games has made a board game based on the franchise.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Series games Warcraft: Orcs & Humans (1994) Warcraft II: Tides of Darkness (1995) Warcraft II: Beyond the Dark Portal (1996) Warcraft II: Battle.net Edition (1999) Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos (2002) Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne (2003) World of Warcraft (2004) World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade (2007) World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King (2008) World of Warcraft: Cataclysm (2010) World of Warcraft: Mists of Pandaria (2012) [1] World of Warcraft: Warlords of Draenor (2014) [2] World of Warcraft: Legion (2016) Azeroth (2018) [3] World of Warcraft: Classic (going on) Hearthstone (2014) [4] Warcraft III: Reforged (in progress) Other publications about Warcraft have been published several short stories and comics, the most famous of the comics is probably the manga trilogy Warcraft: The Well of the Sun, scripted by Richard Knaak and drawn by Jae-Hwan Kim.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

All three parts of it have appeared in Finland, in Trails of the Dragon, Icy Shadows and Ghost Lands.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

A 25-part World of Warcraft comic condensed into 12 magazines and all five albums of the Warcraft: Legends manga have also been published in Finland.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Warcraft was made into a big-budget film Warcraft: The Beginning.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Sam Raimi was originally chosen as the director [5], but he later withdrew from the project.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Duncan Jones was named as the new director in January 2013.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

[6] The film premiered on June 10, 2016.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

[7] Universe Worlds The Warcraft series is largely set on a planet called Azeroth.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Other planets in the game series include Draenor (and its remains named Outland ()), Argus, K'aresh, and Xoroth.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Additionally, metaphysical locations such as Twisting Nether, Emerald Dream (), and Elemental Plane appear in the game series.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Races and Factions Characters Related Sites WowWiki WowWiki is a wiki-based English-language encyclopedia of the Warcraft game series.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

It was founded by a person under the pseudonym “Rustak” on 24 November 2004, [8] however there has been a change of owner, but Rustak still serves as the administrator of WowWiki.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

[9] WowWiki has more than 87 thousand articles, even more than in the popular Wookieepedia.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

WowWiki also has a Finnish version of WowWiki Finland, however this is very narrow and subject to active vandalism, including a very poor wiki in language.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

In addition to Finnish and English wikis, there are 25 other language options.


Question: When was Warcraft III released?

Warcraft series

Sources Category:Warcraft Category:Video Game Series Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Karl Friedrich Benz (25 November 1844 Karlsruhe, Baden, Germany — 4 April 1929 Ladenburg) was a German automotive engineer.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

He is considered the inventor of the gasoline-powered car along with Gottlieb Daimler.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz patented in 1879 the gasoline-powered internal combustion engine he had invented the previous year.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz produced the first commercial car in 1885.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

It featured a four-stroke petrol engine designed by him himself.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The car had three wheels, and has later been known as the Benz Patent-Motorwagen.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[1] Benz filed a patent for his car on January 29, 1886.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[2] Benz also developed, among other things, a speed control system, namely gas, fuel and ignition system, spark plug, switch, gear rod, water cooler and carburetor.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[3] In 1893 he developed a track rod steering system in his Victoria model.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz's Victoria model was designed for two passengers and geared to be sold at a low price as the mass production of cars increased.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

In 1896, Karl Benz designed and patented the first horizontal cylinder engine model.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Karl Benz founded the Benz company, which was Daimler's predecessor.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Life Benz was born in Mühlburg, which since then has been annexed to Karlsruhe.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

His mother was Josephine Vaillant and his father was train driver Johann Georg Benz.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

They were not married when Karl was born, which is why he was baptized under the name Karl Friedrich Michael Vaillant.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

In 1846, a year after Karl's parents' wedding, Johann Benz died in an accident.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Karl's name was then changed to Carl Friedrich Benz in memory of his father.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz attended a local elementary school in Karlsruhe.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

At the age of nine, he started a naturalistically oriented lyceum.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

In 1860 he was admitted to study at the Technical College (present-day University of Karlsruhe), from which he graduated already at the age of 19 on 9 June 1864.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Initially Benz was oriented in his training as a locksmith, but changed his training direction at the college following in his father's footsteps to becoming a mechanical engineer.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

On July 20, 1872, Benz married Bertha Ringer.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

They had five children: Eugen (born 1 May 1873), Richard (born 21 October 1874), Klara (born 1 August 1877), Thilde (born 2 February 1882), and Ellen (born 16 March 1890).


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz was a German engine engineering engineer who became a pioneer in the automotive industry.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

On November 25, 1914, the Karlsruhe Technical College conferred on Benz the title of honorary doctorate.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz died of pneumonia at the age of 84 in Ladenburg.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Inventions by Karl Benz, Benz designed Nikolaus Otto to design a two-stroke engine based on a four-stroke engine, which Benz completed on 31 December 1878, and filed for a patent for it in 1879.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

He also invented the gas, the fuel system, the ignition system that powered the battery, the spark plug, the switch, the gear rod and the water cooler.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz also developed a lying single-cylinder four-stroke engine.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[4] Career After his education, Benz spent seven years working in various companies but did not see fit in any of them.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

After that, he moved to Mannheim to work as a draughtsman and designer in a horizontal factory.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

In 1868 he transferred to Pforzheim to work for the Gebrüder Benckiser Eisenwerke und Maschinenfabrik bridge-building company.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

He later did some work in Vienna for a short time.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

In 1871, 27-year-old Karl Benz went to work at a workshop in Mannheim founded by August Ritter, which also manufactured building materials.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz led the design of the new machines.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The first year at the workshop showed Ritter's company to be in chaos: Ritter's ability to pay was unreliable, and the company was expropriated by the authorities.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz decided to buy Ritter's stake in the company with money from his spouse Bertha.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Due to the poor financial situation of the company, Benz began working on new patents in order to secure additional funding.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

That time spawned numerous new inventions, many of which are important basic components in automobiles.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The firm of Gasmotoren-Fabrik Mannheim Benz was again mired in trouble as banks that gave loans became concerned about the company's weak results.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Banks require him to merge his businesses with some other company in order to reduce maintenance costs — such as payroll expenses —.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz had to develop some kind of collaboration with photographer Emil Bühler and this cheese-dealer brother in order to receive additional funding.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The new company became the joint-stock company Gasmotoren Fabrik Mannheim in 1882.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

After all the required restructuring, Benz was not happy with his part; he was left with five percent of the shares, and a job as a mid-level executive.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Nor were his ideas taken into account when developing new products, so he retired from the company a year later.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz & Cie and Motorwagen In 1883 Benz went to work for a bicycle repair shop owned by Max Rose and Friendrich Wilhelm Eßling.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

They co-founded Benz & Company Rheinische Gasmotoren-Fabrik which most often goes by the name Benz & Cie. [5] The company began producing cars designed by Benz which were called Motorwagen.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The first Motorwagen model was manufactured by Benz in 1885.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

It was renamed Benz Patent-Motorwagen.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The car was patented on 29 January 1886 (DRP-37435) as a “gas-going automobile”.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The Motorwagens were fitted with a four-stroke engine designed by Benz and iron tyres instead of the wooden tyres previously used.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The cars were fitted with driving tires, ignition and Daimler air cooling.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The force was transmitted by two chains to the driveshaft.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The first successful test runs took place in the early part of the summer of 1886 on private roads.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The following year, Benz built the “Motorwagen Model 2", with numerous modifications.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

He improved the Motorwagen further, and in 1887 Benz built the “Model 3".


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

This model had numerous modifications, while returning to using tree rings.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The Model 3 was presented at the Paris Expo in the same year.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[5] 1888 Benz's wife Bertha made with this model the world's first car journey from Mannheim to Pforzheim and back (194 kilometres in total).


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Enlargement In 1894, Benz developed the new Benz Velo|Velo]] design.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[5] A total of 1200 copies of this design were produced between 1894 and 1901.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

In 1909, the Blitchen Benz vehicle was developed at the Benz & CIE plants in Mannheim, with a 21.5 liter and two hundred horsepower engine.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

In land speed races at Brooklands, the vehicle reached a record of 202.62 km/h driven by Frenchman Victor Hémery on 9 November 1909.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[6] Benz Söhne Karl Benz, Bertha Benz and their sons moved to live near Ladenburg, and in 1906 Benz founded a new private company, C. Benz Sons (), which manufactured automobiles and gas engines.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Towards Daimler-Benz and Mercedes-Benz During World War I, automakers Benz & Cie and Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft vastly increased their production due to the impact of the war.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

After the lost war, however, Germany's economic situation worsened, and automobile production figures fell.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

On June 28, 1926, Benz & Cie and DMG definitively merged to form Daimler-Benz.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

[4] Its most popular brand of all car models became Mercedes-Benz, designed by Wilhelm Maybach at the DMG plants in Stuttgart in 1901.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

See also Bertha Benz Memorial Route Photo gallery of Carl Benz's workshop in Mannheim, Germany.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

An 1885 Benz Patent Motorwagen replica.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Benz Patent Motorwagen engine.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The world's first driver's license, issued to Carl Benz on August 1, 1888.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Dr. Carl Benz Automobile Museum in Ladenburg, Germany Carl and Bertha Benz.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Bertha Benz driving route signage.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The route is dedicated to the first longer car journey made in 1888.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

The world's first fuel station: Wiesloch City Pharmacy in Germany.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Sources On topic elsewhere.


Question: Who invented the internal combustion engine?

Karl Benz

Category:German inventors Category:Benz Category:Mercedes-Benz personnel Category:Car designers Category:German engineers Category:Automotive pioneers Class:Born in 1844 Class:Those who died in 1929 Class:Key articles of screening


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Peacemaking, or pacifism, implies anti-war and seeking to achieve objectives through completely non-violent means while preventing conflict.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Absolute pacifism rejects all use of violence in society, seeking to achieve its goals by completely non-violent means.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Some pacifists may accept some form of intra-state coercive measures or violence as self-defense.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The justification of war is dealt with by the ethics subdivision, the ethics of war.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Meaning and History of the Word Before war was the normal state of things.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Adam Smith set himself against this in his book The Wealth of the Peoples (1776) by advocating peace and complaining about the ravages and costs of war and the high public debt it produced.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

These ideas of liberal economists raised the threshold for war, made it abnormal, says Priya Satia, a history professor at Stanford University, in her book Empire of Guns.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

[1] [2] Prior to the term pacifism, members of peace societies and international peace organizations referred to themselves as “peace makers” and “peace advocates”, but most commonly nonetheless “friends of peace”.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

These appointments were perceived as cumbersome and activists sought to find a designation describing the movement.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The word pacifism was the first to be introduced by French peace activist Émile Arnaud, who used the term in a general sense to describe the international peace movement.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The term pacifism was officially first used at the 10th Universal Peace Assembly in Glasgow in 1901 to refer to an anti-war mindset.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

After the Glasgow Congress, many members of peace organizations began calling themselves pacifists.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The term was to encompass anyone who worked for peace keeping and preventing war.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Pacifism also marked social action, thus distinguishing itself from the tradition of non-participation in social activities that characterised some religious sects.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

[3] Following the introduction of the term, a debate began on its exact meaning and application.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The differences in views escalated with the breakdown of the peace movement at the outbreak of World War I in 1914.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The vast majority of members of the peace movement went to war and only a fraction still opposed the war.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

In the years after the war, the importance of pacifism was widely disputed.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Those opposed to going to war wanted exclusivity on the concept and narrowed its definition to include only an absolute abandonment of war.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The horrors of war had made more and more people absolutely anti-war and thus pacifism in its narrow sense became more widely accepted.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

[3] Finnish pacifists Liberal Senator Leo Mechelin was a well-known peace active and also famous for his leadership of passive resistance during the repressive years of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

The Foundation of the Finnish Peace League is named after him.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Mechelin also served as vice-president of the International Peace Congress and drove international legislation to guarantee peace.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

A prominent Finnish pacifist was Arndt Pekurinen, who was executed during the Continuation War after his refusal to participate in national defence activities.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

[4] Yrjö Kallisen was also a famous Finnish pacifist — even a world-historically interesting case, because although he was a pacifist, he served as Minister of Defence of Finland from 1946 to 1948.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

See also Nonaggression Principle Peace Non-violent resistance Hippie movement Christian pacifism Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Cortright, David| title = Peace: History of Thoughts and Movements | location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 2011| version = (Peace: A history of movements and ideas, 2008.)


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Translated by Eila Salomaa.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Preface: Kalevi Finland| id = ISBN 978-952-495-163-0}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Cortright, David| title = Peace.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

History of thoughts and movements | location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 2011| version=( Peace.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

A History of Movements and Ideas, 2008.)


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Translated by Eila Salomaa.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Preface: Kalevi Suomela| id = ISBN 978-952-495-163-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kallio, Kalle & Metsämäki, Mikko (ed.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

) | title = Pacifist pocketbook| location = Helsinki| publisher = Finnish Hundred Committee| year = 2003| id = ISBN 951-9372-22-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Suolahti, Jaakko & Vehviläinen, Olli & Järvinen, Markku (ed.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

) | title = Peace idea in history| location = Porvoo| publisher = WSOY| year = 1970}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Taipale, Ilkka| title = Bibliography of Peace Literature | location = Helsinki| publisher = Finnish Peace Federation| year = 1987| id = ISBN 951-9193-05-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Vääänen, Jouko (ed.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

) | title = Peace, peace!


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Classics of pacifism| location = Helsinki| publisher = Like: Into| year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-01-0364-4}} On topic elsewhere.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When was the term pacifism first used?

The Peace Cause

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

A mineral, or mineral, is a naturally solid form element or inorganic compound with a specific composition and usually a regular crystal structure.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The structure of the mineral varies from pure elements to simple salts and very complex silicates.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The Earth's crust and its rock species are composed mostly of minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Mineralogy is the science that studies minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Minerals arise in geological processes.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

These processes include magmatism, sedimentation, and metamorphosis.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[1] Around 4000 different minerals are known today, of which only 20 to 30 form mainly all rock species.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

According to another estimate, there are only 3000-4000 minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[1] Most precious and jewellery stones are pure minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

In one stone species, most often there are 3-5 minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[1] Minerals are essential minerals for the metabolism and well-being of organisms.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Homogeneous amorphous masses such as volcanic glass are not classified as minerals, nor are synthetically made gemstones, although they mimic minerals on behalf of their composition.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Records of the designation of new minerals are kept by the International Mineralogical Association IMA, or International Mineralogical Association Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Minerals can be classified according to uses, physical, optical and crystal chemical properties, for example.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Valuable minerals are divided into ore minerals and non-metallic extractives.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Definition and Formation Minerals are chemical compounds composed of elements that normally occur in a crystalline state.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Stone species, in turn, are formed from minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Normally, one rock species contains three to five different minerals: for example, granite contains quartz, feldspar and mica.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[2] Minerals are formed in geological processes.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

In magmatism on the surface of the earth or within the crust of the earth, magma crystallizes.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

As magma cools first crystallise the minerals at the highest temperatures, then crystallize at the lowest temperatures, and finally those minerals with the lowest melting and crystallization temperatures.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The minerals that crystallize first have a lot of room to crystallize into the crystal forms that are typical of them, but those that crystallize last don't have much space left, so they usually don't have crystal forms of their own.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[2] Sedimentation refers to the eroding of rocks in rocks and the passage, sorting, layering and precipitation of plastered material.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

In sedimentation, minerals are formed from aqueous strips by precipitation.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Minerals created in the sediment also act as iscox in the deposited soil, which holds it together.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[2] In metamorphosis, minerals can recrystallize.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The process was associated with intra-crustal motions and igneous eruptions.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Recrystallization occurs as a result of an increase in pressure or temperature, as well as under the influence of tectonic exercises.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

In metamorphosis, minerals can turn into second minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[2] Properties General properties Common properties of minerals include density, luster, magnetism, and radioactivity.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Ore minerals containing metals tend to be denser than those of common minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] The luster of a mineral refers to its way of reflecting light.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Gloss is divided into metallic or non-metallic.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Ore minerals are typically metal-shiny and most silicate minerals are nonmetallic.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Gloss is defined by impressions familiar from everyday life, so non-metallic glosses are further divided into glass, diamond, silk, mother-of-pearl, wax and leather glosses.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[4] Glass gloss, for example, shines like broken glass.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] On the basis of magnetism, strongly magnetic magnetite and weakly magnetic magnetite can be detected in minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Radioactivity can identify minerals containing uranium, thorium or a few rare earth elements.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Optical properties The optical properties of minerals include colour, transparency, refractive index, twofold, and fluorine and phosphorus resurfacing.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Color is only rarely able to identify a mineral, as the colour is often caused by chemical impurities or structural defects.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Quartz, for example, can be almost anything from white to black in color; however, malachite and azurite can be identified by their color.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Instead of color, the color of the mineral wire is a good distinguishing feature.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] The wire is achieved, for example, by scraping unglazed porcelain with a mineral, on the surface of which a so-called wire is created from the mineral powder.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

It is a much-used distinguishing feature of a mineral.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The color of the wire may not correspond to that of the fractional surface of the ehye mineral: the streak of dark grey hematite is blood red and the grey lead shimmer is shiny black.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[5] On the basis of transparency, minerals can be divided into transparent, translucent and non-transparent.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

In translucent minerals, the edges are audible when viewed against lighter light.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] The refractive index indicates how much the light beam refracts as it continues its journey from the surface of the mineral to the rock.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Minerals often have two refractive indices based on the direction of the light beam.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The refractive index is particularly useful when identifying gemstones.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Some minerals appear different colors than normal when illuminated by ultraviolet light.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Fluorescence is called the situation when the shine is seen when the mineral is illuminated by ultraviolet light and phosphorescence when the shine can be seen even after the uv lamp is turned off.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Minerals identifiable by glitter include scheelite shimmering blue in uv light and calcite shimmering as reddish.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Other optical phenomena occur with certain minerals and often come to light on a newly sanded and polished surface.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Due to its striking and unusualness, on their basis, the mineral is often easy to identify.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Optical phenomena with minerals include cat-eye phenomenon, star phenomenon, adularization, aventurization, rainbow phenomenon, labradorization, opalization, silk phenomenon, and luminescence.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[6] Mechanical Properties Brillability is a property of minerals that refers to how a mineral cleaves along surfaces.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The lobe surface may be parallel to the crystal surface, but there may be one to three block directions depending on the structure.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Minerals that are easily cleaved into flat block surfaces are achievable in their fragility.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[7] Other levels of fragility are good, clear, and ambiguous.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Not all minerals have a block orientation, in which case the puberty surface becomes domed and has no regular features.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[7] Puberty surfaces can be divided into flat, uneven and clam-like.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] An outfit refers to the interrelationships between different dimensions of the mineral's granules.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The property depends on the crystal structure of the mineral.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] For granular minerals, the dimensions are pretty much the same for all structural directions.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

If a mineral has almost no height but has length as well as width, it is said to be scaly.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Long sticks are formed with pulverized minerals, and if there are really thin crystals in the mineral it is called fibrous.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[8] If the grain size is so small that the granules cannot separate repeats, the mineral is called mass-like.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Hardness is one of the most important mineral identification methods.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Hardness is found by comparing a mineral with some mineral or object known for its hardness.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] The comparison can be made, for example, with steel spikes or by scraping glass with mineral.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Minerals are divided according to the Mohs scale into ten categories, each with its own index mineral.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[9] However, the Mohs scale can only state what mineral that is softer or harder than another mineral is.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

While the Mohs scale is readily applicable, it does not tell you the actual hardness of minerals relative to each other.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

There's a Rosiwal scale for that.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Other properties Based on elasticity, mica minerals such as muscovite and biotite can be identified.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

They are thin plates that can be bent into the shape of the letter u and then return back to their original shape.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Carbonate minerals are soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, which can be detected from the bubble on the surface of the rock when a drop of acid has been instilled.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Nickel-rich minerals can be identified by dimethylglyoxime.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

You can detect arsenic heat from an onion odor when you hit it with a hammer.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Water-soluble minerals such as rock salt are recognized by taste.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[3] Crystallic breakdown Minerals are divided according to the classification of Dana, based on their crystal chemical properties, into the following groups: I. Elemental group Elements are substances that cannot be chemically divided into simpler constituents.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Around 20 different elements occur on Earth in pure form, but the quantities are most often very small.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

In addition to elements, the group includes alloys, i.e. alloys, as well as carbides, nitrides and phosphides.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

II.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Sulfide group The minerals of the sulfide group, for example, consist of compounds of sulfur (sulfide) or arsenic (arsenide) and some metal.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The minerals are quite heavy and many of them are important ore minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Based on external characteristics, from the group can be distinguished shimmers, shimmers and flickers.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The group additionally includes selenids, tellurides, antimonides and bismutides.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

III.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Oxide group Oxides consist of compounds of some metal and oxygen.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The group also includes hydroxides with a hydroxyl group (OH−) in addition to the metal.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The minerals in the group are often formed by oxidation from other minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Common oxides include hematite (iron oxide), magnetite (iron oxide), chromite (chromium oxide), spinel (magnesium alumina), and corundum.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

IV.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Halide group Halides are compounds of halogen (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or astatine) and some metal.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The most common minerals in the group are natural salts such as halite, or rock salt, and fluorite.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

V. Carbonate group Carbonates are formed from metal and carbonate ion CO32−.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Carbonates are found in abundance in sea-generated formations where calcareous shells of dead plankton have condensed to the ocean floor.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The most common carbonates are calcite (calcium carbonate), aragonite (calcium carbonate), dolomite (magnesium or calcium carbonate), magnesite (magnesium carbonate), and siderite (iron carbonate).


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The carbonate group also includes nitrates and borates.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

VI.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The sulfate group in minerals of the sulfate group is the sulfate ion SO42−.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

They often arise in connection with the evaporation process of salty seawater.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

They are also found in hydrothermal veins and as a result of sulfide oxidation.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The most common sulfates are anhydrite (calcium sulfate), selesite (strontium sulfate), barite (barium sulfate), and gypsum (aqueous calcium sulfate).


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The group additionally includes tungsten (salts of tungsten acid), tellurates, chromates and molybdates.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

VII.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The phosphate group in minerals of the phosphate group is unit XO43−, where X can be phosphorus (singular phosphate), arsenic (arsenate), antimony (antimonate), or vanadium (vanadate).


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Clearly the most common phosphate is apatite, which is also found in teeth and bones.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

VIII.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Silicate group Silicates are the most significant mineral group in the earth's crust, as they account for more than 90% of crustal matter and one-third of all minerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Silicates contain mostly silicon and oxygen, but they often contain other common tectonic elements, such as calcium, iron, and aluminium.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The basic structural component of silicate is a strong-bonded tetrahedron formed by one silicon atom and four oxygen atoms, which is why silicates are often quite hard.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

The most common silicates include quartz, feldspar, olivine and garnet.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Based on the structures formed by the tetrahedrons, the silicate group is further divided into noble, soro, ring, chain, mesh, and pumice silicates.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[10] IX.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Biogenic minerals Biominerals are minerals spawned by a living being.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

These include, for example, pearl aragonite, cochlear calcite and tooth enamel, which is 95% apatite.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Fossils are organic remains from bygone times preserved precisely thanks to biominerals.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

Biominerals share the same known physical and chemical properties as minerals, but have not arisen in geologic processes.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

All known biominerals, however, are also known from the lithosphere.


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

[11] Uses rock minerals: rock minerals [1] Ore minerals: minerals from which it is profitable to start separating metals [1] Industrial minerals: already useful and recoverable minerals [1] precious stones Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Taipale, Kalle & Saarnisto, Matti| title = Volcanoes to Ice Ages| location = Porvoo, Helsinki, Juva| publisher = Werner Söderström Limited Liability Company| year = 1991| id = Isbn = 951-0-16048-2}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| | author = Schumann, Walter| title = Rocks and minerals in color images| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2001| version = (Steine + Mineralien.)


Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

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Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

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Question: How do you define a mineral?

Mineral

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Question: How do you define a mineral?

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(pdf) * Category:Key articles in screening


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghanistan (,), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (,) is an Islamic landlocked state in Asia.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The area of the country is about 650,000 square kilometers.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The capital is Kabul.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghanistan is a mountainous landlocked country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Of its roughly 31 million residents, 80 percent are Sunni Muslims.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

More than 30 languages are spoken in the country, the largest being Dari and Pashtu, with the largest ethnic groups being Patans and Tajiks.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghanistan lies along strategic routes of passage and its history is coloured by numerous wars.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

On the trail of constant warring, the country's infrastructure and the level of education of the population are in a squalid state.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghanistan produces drugs, especially opium.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Abundant and diverse mineral resources have been found in Afghanistan, exploiting which would bring prosperity to the country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Geography Earth covers an area of about 650000 square kilometers.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The capital is Kabul.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

It is bordered by Turkmenistan (744 kilometres of common border), Uzbekistan (137 kilometres), Tajikistan (1206 kilometres), China (76 kilometres), Pakistan (2430 kilometres) and Iran (936 km).


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[1] Afghanistan is a landlocked country predominantly in the highlands region, and about three-quarters of the country is mountainous.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The widest area of the country is the sparsely populated central highlands, which belongs to the Hindu Kush Mountains that divide the country in east-west direction.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Located on Hindu Kushilla, Afghanistan's highest peak is Noshaq, with an elevation of 7485metres.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[2] There is seismic activity in the northeastern parts.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In terms of vegetation, Afghanistan is mainly desert and semi-desert, with the exception of a few fertile valleys such as the Herat Valley.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The main rivers are the Amudarja, Helmand and Kabul.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[2] Only Kabul descends through the Indus River into the sea, many others just lead into the desert and dry up there.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Three major dams have been made on the rivers: Arghandab Dam near Kandahar, Kakakai Dam on Helmand River and Naglu Dam on Kabul River west of Jalalabad.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[3] The Khaibarpass on the Afghanistan-Pakistan border has been an important route of passage for hundreds of years.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In the 1950s, a road was built at Kotal-e Lataband Pass, a gorge on the Kabul River jylh, cutting the travel time between Kabul and Pakistan border from two days to a few hours.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[4] Afghanistan has a fertile continental climate.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The winter chill is biting due to the high location in much of the country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In summer, almost everywhere it is hot, in the Netherlands, such as the Sistan Valley near the Iranian border, downright stiff.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In winter and spring, the weather is most varied, with most of the rain being obtained during them.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Most low pressures that cause winter rains develop in the Mediterranean Sea.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Monsoon rains in southern neighboring countries do not extend to the Afghan side sheltered by high mountains.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The weather conditions in Kabul more broadly represent the mountainous east and central part of the country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[5] There, the average day's lowest temperature is on the frost side from November to February.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The maximum temperature of the day exceeds 30 degrees in June, July and August.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Rain is obtained from November to May.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[6] Nature Due to drought, the most common vegetation type in Afghanistan is low and sparse scrub.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

If it rains more abundantly in spring, annual flowers rise on the plains.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The mountains in the eastern parts of the country have once been covered with forests but have been chopped down for firewood.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Today, only 2% of the land area is forest, mostly in the north-east of Afghanistan.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Previously, the country was also rich in animal species.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In the Amu Darja valley in the north of the country roamed Siberian tigers, in the desert, that is, antelopes and gazelles.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

380 species of birds were found in the country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

There is no information on the current state of the fauna after the war and dry years.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[7] In 2009, Afghanistan published the first list of tranquilized species in the country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

They included 20 mammals, seven birds, four plants, one amphibian and one insect.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Only now was the snow leopard pursued by hunters protected.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[8] History of the territory of Afghanistan was located by the Kingdom of Bactria until the 5th century BCE.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

until, when it was annexed to the Persian Empire and Bactria became a province of Persia.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghanistan was part of Persia until it was conquered by Alexander the Great in the 3rd century BCE.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The kingdom of Alexander the Great was succeeded by the Seleucid Empire, from whose rule the new Greco-Bactrian Kingdom became independent in the 250s BCE.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[9] Bactria was the easternmost corner of the Hellenistic world.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[10] New Baktria was lost in the 10th century to make way for the Kušana kingdom of Buddhist-nomads from the borderlands of China.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The Sassanid dynasty of Persia took control of the Afghan region again in the 3rd century and the region was Islamized in the 6th century.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghanistan was the centre of the Mahmud Ghazni kingdom in the 10th century, but was eradicated by the Mongols 200 years later.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[9] The Timurid dynasty founded by Tatar Timur Lenk brought economic and cultural flourishing to Afghanistan, which ended with the Persians once again taking over Afghanistan in the 16th century, and the region became a zone of contention between Persia and the Moguls.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The Afghans rebelled against the Persian Safavids in the early 18th century and they established the Hutak dynasty that encompassed parts of Persia, which was however eventually defeated by Nadir Šah.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[11] In 1747, Afghanistan became independent under Ahmad Šah Dorran.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[9] He was king of Afghanistan from 1745 to 1773 [12].


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In the 19th century, two Afghan wars were fought as Great Britain tried to conquer Afghanistan to prevent Russia from getting it.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghanistan was forced to cede control of foreign policy to Great Britain, but retained its independence in its domestic affairs.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The Third Afghan War was fought immediately after World War I against British India and the British recognised the foreign policy independence of Afghanistan in 1919.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[13] The signing day of the Treaty of Rawalpindi, concluded after the war, 19 August is now celebrated as Afghanistan's Independence Day.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[14] The civil war of 1928 was followed by a long period of stability mainly under King Muhammad Zahir Šah until he was ejected from power in 1973 by his cousin Mohammed Daoud Khan.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In 1978, the communist PDPA came to power in the saur revolution.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The communist regime soon plunged into chaos, threatened by military revolts and Islamist guerrillas, which in turn threatened the Soviet Union.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[15] Vonna 1979 Soviet occupation of Afghanistan and in the ensuing Afghan war, Soviet forces and the new Afghan government it brought to power were met by mujahideen guerrillas supported by China, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and the United States.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Soviet troops withdrew from the country in 1989.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Mohammad Najibullah, who has served as president since 1986, lost his main supporter after the Soviet Union imploded in 1991.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan fell in April 1992 when the Mujahideen forces overran Kabul.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Burhanuddin Rabbani, the guerrilla chief, became the new president.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The war continued as a civil war between the various factions, in which foreign powers Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Iran became embroiled.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[13] [16] In 1994, the Taliban movement began to intensify, whose guerrillas took over Kabul in 1996 and almost publicly executed former President Najibullah.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Sharia law was introduced in the country under a very harsh interpretation.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

By late 1998, the Taliban controlled 90percent of the country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Among other things, they destroyed one of the country's most important export articles, the poppy fields, as under the laws of Islam the use of intoxicants (alcohol, drugs, etc.) is prohibited.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In 2001, the United States and Britain invaded Afghanistan, accusing the Taliban of supporting the Al Qaeda terror organization, which was behind the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, and the Northern Alliance, which opposes the Taliban, ejected the Taliban from power.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

In addition to the United States and Great Britain, several other Western countries deployed their own soldiers to the country as part of the United Nations-mandated ISAF force.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghan groups opposed to the Taliban met in December 2001 in Bonn and brokered an agreement to stabilize the country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Hamid Karzai was appointed Speaker of the Interim Administration (Afghan Interim Authority) in 2001, and was elected president in 2004 and for a second term in November 2009.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[13] [16] As of 17 July 2011, security responsibility is gradually shifting from ISAF forces to Afghanistan's own forces.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[17] Politics Afghanistan is a presidential republic with the post of prime minister as well.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

The President is both head of state and head of the government, and he appoints ministers.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[1] In practice, however, local and regional grandees wield significant power.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[18] According to the Constitution, Afghanistan is an Islamic republic whose laws cannot conflict with the provisions of Islam (Articles 1 and 3).


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[19] According to Article 149th of the Constitution, “Those provisions of the [Constitution] concerning adherence to the foundations of the sacred faith of Islam and to the Islamic Republic cannot be amended.” [20] The bicameral parliament consists of an upper house of 102 members and a lower house of up to 250 members.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[1] Parliamentary elections were mainly held without party credentials and the party establishment is relatively weak.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

However, there are a number of major party factions in Parliament.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

These include Hezbe-Afghanistan-Naween led by Yunus Qanoon, Hezbe-Junbesh-e-Milli Afghanistan (Junbesh), which represents the mostly Uzbek population, and Hezb-i-Islami, which represents the Shiite population, and Hezb-i-Islami, which is mainly representative of Patans.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[21] The presidential election in August 2009 was tinged with widespread fraud.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

After a lengthy counting and vetting process, Hamid Karzai was reported to have received 49.7% of the votes in the first round.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

However, the second round went unheld and Karzai was declared the outright winner after opposing candidate Abdullah Abdullah accused the Electoral Commission of bias and withdrawing from the race.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[22] [23] Provinces Afghanistan consists of 34 provinces or velayat: [24] Badakhshan Badghis Baghlan Balkh Bamiyan Daikond Farah Faryab Ghazn Ghowr Helmand Herat Jowzjan Kabul Kandahar Kapisa Khost Konar Kondoz Laghman Lowgar Nangarhar Nimruz Nurestan Paktia Paktika Panjshir Parvan Samangan Sar-e Pol Takhar Uruzgan Vardak Zabol Population In July 2013 the estimated population of Afghanistan was 31108077.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

That is well below the earlier estimate of 33.6 million, which was based on the 1979 census that fell short.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[1] Afghanistan is a multilingual and -cultural country.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Afghans, or Pathans, make up 40— 45% of the population; the next largest population groups are Tajiks (about 27 percent), Hazaras (hetsars, 9 percent), as well as Uzbeks (about 10 percent).


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

Smaller populations include the Aimaqs, Turkmen and Belutches.


Question: What is the acreage of Afghanistan?

Afghanistan

[1] Major languages include Afghan Persian (Dari) with 50%, Pashtu (Afghan) with 35% and Turkish-related languages (especially Uzbek and Turkmen) with 11%.