Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

In 1882 there were 667 national schools in the country and 39372 pupils in them.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

As a result of Yrjö-Koskinen's active national school policy, the numbers were quite different in 1899, with 1650 national schools and 98514 pupils.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The change was significant and the development towards the Finnish educational society had begun.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Yrjö-Koskinen's presence in the Senate prompted the issue of the country's agency and judicial language to resurface again.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The letter of order of 18 March 1886 declared Finnish to be the official language [21] and this letter of instruction was supplemented by an open letter of 4 April 1887, according to which the protocol language of the municipalities imposed the protocol language of the lower authorities on the territory of the municipality.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

[22] Senior officials were still left with the right to decide for themselves which language they wanted to use.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The so-called February Manifesto of 1899 eventually led to Senator Yrjö-Koskinen's resignation.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

At issue was a fundamental contradiction between the so-called. Between the acquiescence trend supported by Koskinen and the constitutional tendency fighting them.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The Emperor agreed to Yrjö-Koskinen's resignation and at the same time he was subjected to quite a campaign of disgrace.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

With this, the withdrawn senator felt his support among the people had diminished and on some occasions he even declared his resignation as a key reason.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

After his resignation in the senator, an old newspaperman woke up and he resumed his newspaper writing.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

He called on the people in his writings to support the domestic government and renounce the Swedes and thus he with little erin regained his old trust among the people.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The nobleman Emperor Grand Duke granted Yrjö-Koskinen the rank of nobility in 1882.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

It was then that he adopted his former author name as his surname with a hyphen combined.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The new name was Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

In 1897 he was elevated to the free-lordship enactment.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The reason for this accolade can be attributed first and foremost to his extensive and varied social work, but the strong emphasis on Finnishness also played a part, because it diminished the Swedishness that the Russians were very fond of and served as a good counterweight to this.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Aftergrowth Many of Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen's descendants were placed in considerable social positions.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

His son Yrjö Koskinen Yrjö-Koskinen (1854—1917) served as the head of the School Board as well as Head of Ecclesiastical Affairs of the Senate (a post corresponding to the later Minister of Education) and contributed significantly to the development of the Finnish National School.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

He was also active in Reich politics, first as a representative of the nobility legislature in the Decree Riksdag and then as a Finnish Party MP in the new parliament.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Y. K. Yrjö-Koskinen's son Aarno Yrjö-Koskinen (1885—1951) was a diplomat, long-time envoy to Moscow and foreign minister in the J. E. Sunilan II government.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Younger son Eino Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen (1858—1916) served as rector of the Tampere Reaalilyseo and, like his brother, sat in the Riksdag and parliament.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Her spouse Iida Yrjö-Koskinen (1857—1937) ran the Finnish girls' school in Hämeenlinna and worked for the social education of working women, as well as sitting as a member of parliament at the same time as her husband.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Yrjö Koskinen scholarship In 1958, in the year of the 100th anniversary of the Jyväskylä Lyceum, the Finnish Cultural Foundation established Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen scholarship named after the author name of Yrjö Koskinen, awarded in 1958—1983 and again since 2008 for good for the authors of the matriculation subject.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The purpose of the scholarship is to support a good user of Finnish language regardless of the field in which their graduate studies are oriented and it is distributed at the end of the school year.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

According to the rules, only students from the Jyväskylä Lyceum spring 1958 competed for the scholarship, followed by the matriculation aspirants of all Finnish-language grammar schools.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

According to the rules, the recipient of the scholarship is chosen by the Board of Directors of the Finnish Cultural Foundation from candidates nominated by the Student Examination Board


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

The first scholarship was awarded at the 100th anniversary of the Jyväskylä Lyceum on 4 October 1958 to Jorma Konttinen, who matriculated from the school in spring of the same year, and the second in spring 1959 to Lea Pöysti, a student from Vaajakoski Joint School.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

[23] Works The story of the keeper of Hämeenkyro


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1851 Läseöfningar i finska språket för begynnare.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

From afdelningen: Tjugu timmars kurs.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Carl Ch.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Gröhn 1855 Mace War: its causes and cases.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1857—1859 Causes and beginnings of the Mace War in Ostrobothnia/book author Yrjö Sakari Forsman; Gabriel Rein, superintendent.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1858 Läseöfningar i finska språket för begynnare.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Sednare afdelningen: Trettio timmars kurs.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

G.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

L. Söderström 1858 Strawberries and blueberries.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1859 Finska språkets satslära: ett försök.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Lillja 1860 Information on the Antiquity of Suwu: University dissertation/presented by Yrjö Sakari Forsman with the consent of the Faculty of Historical-Linguistics of the University of Finland.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1862 Doctrine and Huwi: readings for Finnish families part 1/edited by Yrjö Koskinen.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1863 Narratives of the History of Mankind according to A. W. Grube, Part 1: Wanha Period 1: Eastern-like peoples and Greeks.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1864 Narratives of Human History by A. W. Grube Part 2: Wanha Time 2: Romans.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1865 Narratives of Human History According to A. W. Grube, Part 3: Central Time 1: Until the Crusades.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1865 Sources for the history of big hatred.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1865 Narratives of Human History According to A. W. Grube, Part 4: Middle Time 2: Beginning with the Crusades.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1867 Textbook in the history of the Finnish people.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1869—1873 Yrjö Maunu of Sprengtporten and the Independence of Finland/presented in the University Ballroom on Mar.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

17 p. 1870 Yrjö Koskinen.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1870 Savo and Savonlinna: images of antiquity/Yrjö Koskinen embroidered by Yrjö Koskinen following the century-celebration of Olavi Castle.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1875 On wealth: four short chapters.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

People's Enlightenment Society 1875 Om ordnandet af krigsväsendet i Finland.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Edlund 1876 Leading ideas in human history: lecture period.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1879 Older history of the salmon waters of Kemi and Ii.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1879 Study of land ownership in Finland during the Middle Ages.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1881 History of the Finnish people.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Edlund 1881—1882 on the abolition or modification of the Land Tax.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1889 What does the current position require?


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1891 North-pilt description finally spanned the 13th century.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Werner Söderström 1891 Is Christianity or paganism prevailing?


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1892 The status and foundation of the Christian faith.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Werner Söderström 1893 Reply to “Two old Finns” who in their own name have sent me their letters, but in front of the public want to go by the said pseudonym.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1901 Polish revolts vv.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

in 1831 and 1863.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Werner Söderström 1903 National and social writings, volume 1:1851—1862.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1904—1905 National and Social Writings, Volume 2:1863—1871.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1904—1906 Yrjö-Koskinen open letter from 10 p. December 1900.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

1912 National and Social Writings, Volume 3:1872—1876.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1916 National and Social Writings, Volume 4:1877—1903.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

SKS 1930 Sources Kauppinen E.; Literary Monthly Magazine (1952).


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Rommi Pirkko; Identification of the acquiescence trend as Yrjö-Koskinen and the Finnish Party's policy (1964).


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Suolahti G.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

— Courtship R.: Y.S.


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Life I—III of Yrjö-Koskinen (1933—1974).


Question: What did Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen die?

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen

Tapola, Päivi: Life of a Builder, Moreni, 2011, ISBN 978-952-25-40546 References elsewhere Free to download Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen e-books and Check date values in: |date= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language ) Category:Finnish writers Category:Finnish historians Category:Professors of the Imperial Alexander University Category:Finnish Senators Category:Finnish Party Politicians Category:Reichstag of the Grand Duchy of Finland Category:Finnish nobles Category:Reichstags of the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Finland Category:Born in 1830 Class:Persons who died in 1903 Class:Finnish professors


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The K. J. Ståhlberg ride was a kidnapping, or ride, organised by right-wing activists and military figures close to the Lapua movement on 14 October 1930, targeting former President of the Republic Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Ståhlberg and his wife were transported against their will from Helsinki to Joensu, where the kidnappers let them go free.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The incident marked a political and moral defeat for the Lapua movement, but even before that the movement had fallen out of favour.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[1] The pluses had become a trademark of the movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[2] The incident also destroyed the military career of General Martti Wallenius, apparently accidentally involved in it.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Background The broader political context of President Ståhlberg's ride was the right-wing radicalism prevalent in Finland in the early 1930s.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Numerous right-wing organizations were influenced in the country, e.g.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The Lukko of Finland, Vientipeace, the League of Independence, the Federation of Front Men of the War of Independence and, as the largest, the Lapua movement, which was also commonly referred to as a popular movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The movements were united to varying degrees by nationalism, anti-communism, anti-Russianism, and a desire for the establishment of strong governmental power.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[3] In particular pursuing its anti-communist ambitions, the prohibition of communist movements, as well as the removal of communists from public offices, the Lapua Movement resorted to foreign parliamentary and illegal means beginning in the spring of 1930.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The print of the Voice of Communist Work was destroyed in March and there were incidents of expressions of mind, threats and acts of violence in connection with the investigation of the case and the trial.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

However, from May 1930 onwards, pluses became the movement's actual trademark: those perceived as communists or their sympathizers were hijacked on car journeys during which they were abused and humiliated.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

At the end of the journey, the victims were left anywhere, in extreme cases to the Soviet border.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[4] By June 1930, foreign parliamentary pressure had grown so strong that the government had to bend and submit a package of law reforms on the printing law, the Reichstag order, electoral and penal law to parliament.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Slow parliamentary measures did not satisfy Lapua's movement and to avoid serious unrest, President Relander had to persuade Prime Minister Kyösti Kallio to give the land lords of Vaasa, Oulu, Kuopio and Uusimaa counties without legal justification rights to prevent communist publishing newspapers.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Parliament was convened from its summer recess on 1 July to decide on a package of laws.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

After a sharp debate, the government won the support of bourgeois parties to push forward the package of bills, but the process had made it clear that the minority government had no conditions to continue.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Prime Minister Kallio submitted the cabinet's resignation after gaining the confidence of the Parliament and the formation of the new government was named P. E.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Svinhufvud.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[5] The Lapua movement experienced disappointment when its representatives were not included in the new government.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

To put pressure on the Svinhufvud government, 12,600 members of the movement organized a peasant march in Helsinki on 7 July.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

When the package of laws a few days later came before parliament, the Social Democrats used their blocking minority and prevented the reform of the Protection Act, which had intervened in civil rights, from being declared urgent.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Accordingly, the Act required the approval of two successive parliaments to take effect.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

As a result, the president dissolved parliament and new elections were ordered for early October.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[6] Ståhlberg and right-wing activism Ståhlberg had long been a political enemy of right-wing activists.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Throughout his political career, he was an adamant legalist and, before Finland's independence, had therefore resented, though not actively opposed, the ice bucket movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Immediately after independence Ståhlberg had advocated a republican statesmanship over the monarchy favoured by the right, and in the country's first presidential election he defeated Mannerheim, the candidate of the right.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[7] During the presidency, Ståhlberg's attempts at political slimming irritated right-wing circles, and bad blood in particular was provoked by the general amnesty of those who fought on the Red side in the Civil War in 1921.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The East politics of Ståhlberg's presidency also clashed with the goals of right-wing activists.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The ceding of Repola and Porajärvi to Russia in the Peace of Tartu was generally counted in right-wing circles as the cause of Ståhlberg's resentment, and bitterness was also provoked by the refusal of the state power to support the East Karelians uprising.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[7] After his presidency, Ståhlberg, who retired from politics, made a return to the public eye in 1930.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The motivation again was his conviction on the primacy of legitimate political activity, which he set about advocating against the foreign parliamentary and illegal modes of the Lapua movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

A particularly publicized example of his activities was an article published in June 1930 in Helsingin Sanomat, Illegality or Legal Order?.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

As such, Ståhlberg did not oppose, for example, the laws banning communist activities demanded by the Lapua movement, but stressed that illegal activism was not allowed to influence the legislative process.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

During the summer, he also set about assembling a political front against the Lapua movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[8] [9] The acceleration of the ride-hailing activity and becoming more brazen motivated Ståhlberg to stand for the Progress Party himself as a parliamentary election candidate.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[8] Towards the end of summer, rides began to become a political problem for Lapua's movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The breakdown occurred when members of the Union of Independence War Front Men who supported the Lapua movement took Väinö Hakkila, the Social Democratic Deputy Speaker of the dissolved parliament, to Ostrobothnia in July.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Hakkila had opposed communist laws and the Lapua movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The act was generally seen as a sign that the popular movement was prepared to use violence not just against the Communists but against all its opponents.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

From this point onwards, the pluses caused an increasing cross-draw between the radical wing of the movement on the one hand, moderate members and other bourgeois actors on the other.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In particular, the leadership of the Lapua Movement was concerned that the amenities would drive out voters of potential political allies of the movement in future elections.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

For these reasons, Lapua movement leaders Vihtori Kosola, Iivari Koivisto and Martti Rantanen issued a declaration on 15 September appealing for an end to “acts of violence of a private nature”.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[10] [11] The appeal also intensified; Ståhlberg was the first victim of the ride since.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[12] In the end, the outcome of the October parliamentary elections was quite possible, even though the Communists' political activities were effectively blocked and their candidates were denied access to the electoral lists [13].


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The bourgeois parties won 134 seats in the new parliament, exactly the 2/3 majority needed to pass the communist laws.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In this situation, concerns arose among the radical right that some representative of the centre-left or another opponent of the Lapua movement might exploit their scales language position and prevent the passage of laws.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In this respect, doubts were particularly directed at Ståhlberg, who was elected to Parliament, against whom the right had been heavily propagated throughout the summer.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Eero Kuussaari, who worked as a timber for the ride, later confessed that the intention was to warn Ståhlberg to vote in line with the position of the right.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[14] The sequence of events leading directly to the ride on Tuesday 14 October 1930 originated on the previous Saturday, 11 October, at Sortavala Seuraroom.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

A group of officers and patronage leaders had gathered at the hotel, who were on an inspection mission in Eastern Finland.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The force was commanded by the Chief of the General Staff and at that moment by the officiating Chief of the Warmen, General Martti Wallenius.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Another member of the troupe important to the ride was Lieutenant Colonel Eero Kuussaari.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[15] [16] Although prohibition was in force in Finland at the time (1919—1932), at least Kuussaari had consumed high levels of alcohol.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

On Saturday morning, with his hangover, he was unable to leave to carry out the inspection but stayed in the Seurroom with two other officers to consume more alcohol.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

During the day, among other things, he had given political fire speeches and harassed female hotel staff.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In the evening, still intoxicated and overwhelmed by the political situation in the country, Kuussaari had asked Wallenius “Should I call Helsinki?


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

“, referring to Ståhlberg's amusement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Wallenius had replied “Just call me.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

“[17] Wallenius had instructed Kuussaari in the spring of 1930 to establish contacts with the Lapuan movement to clarify its plans.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In this post, Kuussaari had made Mikko Jaskar, secretary of the Finnish Luko, a liaison between the General Staff and the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[18] After realizing that he had received an order from Wallenius for the ride at Ståhlberg, Kuussaari called Jaskar.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

It is not known exactly what Kuussaari and Jaskari discussed during the call.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

According to one version, Kuussaari commanded that Jaskar had “in the name of the general” to ride Ståhlberg to Joensu.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

According to another opinion, when contacted, Kuussaari had only mentioned that there was talk of a ride.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Jaskari asked for more detailed instructions, but did not wait for them.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Instead, on Monday, he forwarded the ride order further to the chairman of the right-wing association known as the Watcher Club, Jukka Janné.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

With this figuring out the identity and address of the ride, time passed until the next morning.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[19] [20] Withdrawal and secrecy on Monday evening, only six hours before the scheduled start time of the ride, Jaskari sent a secret telegram to Kuussaari, requesting the cancellation of the ride order.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The officer on duty switched Wallenius as recipient because the men were the same entourage and the acting chief of the military was easier to track down.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The telegram finally reached Wallenius the next day for lunch in Joensuu.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Witnesses said Wallenius was visibly upset when Kuussaari explained to him what the elusive telegram meant.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Kuussaari immediately received orders to call Helsinki and cancel the ride order.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

By this point, however, it was already too late.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[21] In order to conceal the incriminating telegram, Jaskari and Wallenius visited the telegraph facilities with defence and allowed the telegraph tapes to be destroyed.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[22] The ride started on 14 October 1930, the morning after 9 a.m. after Ståhlberg left with his wife, Ester Ståhlberg, for a morning walk from their home in Kulosaari.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The riders moving in a new Chevrolet dead car reached the Ståhlbergs from a small forest road near the Southern Boardwalk (Södra Strandvägen).


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] [23] [24] After confirming their identities, the riders forced the former president into a car.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Ester Ståhlberg accompanied her husband voluntarily and despite his obstacles.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[25] [26] In their speeches, the riders referred to their experiences as frontrunners for the white side in the Civil War and earlier rides.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Ståhlberg was insulted during the trip for allowing communists convicted of forced labour after the Civil War before his time to freedom.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The men also made no secret of their understanding of liberalism in general.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] [27] The car driven by fitter Jukka Janné headed for Malmi and on to Tuusula.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[26] From there, the journey continued through Järvenpää, Mäntsälä, Lahti and Heinola to Mikkeli, from where further through Varkaus to “the end of the road” to Joensuu.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] In Joensuu, riders had to have an onward transport arranged.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[28] There was no further connection in Joensuu and time passed in unconsciousness.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

A nervous Janné drove down the main street for an hour back and forth and tried to give newlyweds signs with car lights.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[29] Eventually, he informed the Ståhlbergs that they would be allowed to choose between staying in Joensu and returning to Helsinki in a ride car.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

According to one version, the Ståhlbergs were left in front of Joensuu City Hall in the darkness of night [30].


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

According to another understanding, Janné sent his own men away and went out himself to retrieve petrol, leaving the hijacked two of them in the car.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[31] The Ståhlbergs went to run for the residence of the President's good friend Johannes Laine.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] Coincidentally the Ståhlbergs met the regional manager of the patronage, Captain Alarik Lang, identified the Presidential couple and guided them to the house of the President of the City Council, Rector Johannes Laine, [31] where the residents nevertheless thought it was a piling or attempted harassment and not opened the door.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Lang next led the Ståhlbergs to the patronage's base at Pielisjoki Castle, where Lang was known and the Ståhlbergs had an overnight dining room.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[30] [32] Ståhlberg called his home people in the early hours of the morning telling them they were safe in Joensuu.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] [33] The riders are told to stay on the lower floor of the same house, but according to Veli-Pekka Lehtola, there is no support for this in the documentation [34].


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Return Instead of a special train offered by former Prime Minister Juho Vennola, Ståhlberg announced that he would rather return to Helsinki on a regular morning train.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] Knowledge of the ride and its happy ending spread via radio.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

When the Ståhlbergs return journey began, they were escorted at Joensuu station by the president of the city council, the rector Johannes Laine and the male choir.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[30] Two riders also boarded the same train to return to Helsinki.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The men were identified by the Ståhlbergs and were immediately captured.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[34] Along the way, in addition to representatives of municipalities, patrons and organizations, numerous citizens with floral greetings were at the railway stations.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[30] At Helsinki railway station, where the Ståhlbergs arrived on 16 October 1930, up to 10,000 people had gathered.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] The legal proceedings concerning the Ståhlberg ride were still settled for a long time afterwards.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The riders, Jukka Janné, Kaarlo Eino Olin, Erkki Varoma and Sven Fjalar Semenius were quickly caught.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Janné, who was driving the car, admitted under questioning that the ride order had come from Mikko Jaskar, who served as a liaison for the Lapua movement's leadership and the army's General Staff.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] After a few days of questioning, Jaskari confessed to Lieutenant Colonel Kuussaari's part in the matter and as his immediate superior General Wallenius also became suspicious.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

During the interrogations, it became clear very quickly that Moon Saari did indeed feel that he had acted on Wallenius' orders.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[35] Both criminally and in the light of historical studies, it has become a core question, which is why Wallenius answered in the affirmative Kuussaari question 'Do I call Helsinki? '.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Immediately after the case, rumours and conjecture circulated that a wider conspiracy appeared behind the events.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

It was suspected that this was the beginning of a coup planned by the military leadership and/or the Lapua movement with the aim of erecting some sort of dictatorship or military junta.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

There was also a strong belief in this possibility by the Ståhlbergs themselves.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[25] They felt very suspicious that Wallenius had, until shortly before the incident, been elevated to the rank of chief of the military by placing Generals Sihvo and Öhquist on administrative leave.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

What's more, they didn't believe the ride-car's poorly organized search was a coincidence.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

President Ståhlberg doubted President Relander and Foreign Minister Procopé's part in the matter to the extent that he reportedly did not even want to shake hands with Procopé after the incident.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Neither the judiciary nor the history study, however, have found evidence to support the theory of a coup plan, either with regard to the Lapuan movement or the military's coherent nature.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Also, charges referring to these were not brought at any instance.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[36] [37] The first court hearing of Kyyditus began at Helsinki's betrothal court in December 1930.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The prosecution brought to court the theory that the officers had jointly weighed the political situation in the country and firmly decided to carry out the Ståhlberg ride.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

As the main evidence for the prosecution, the so-called was used.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

the motive narrative.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[38] This documentary had arisen when Wallenius, under questioning, had stated that he would take full responsibility if he had unintended caused the ride.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The interrogators took this as a confession, but, believing that the case must have a political motive, pressured Wallenius to also write his own assessment of what that motive might be.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Once Wallenius had this, in his own words a hypothetical documentary produced, it was used against him in court.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Moreover, the prosecutor referred to e.g.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

to attempts to dispose of evidence by destroying telegraph tapes of communications between Jaskar and Wallenius, as well as Wallenius' forgetfulness during interrogations.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[39] The betrothal court broadly agreed with the prosecutor in its decision.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Both Kuussaari and Wallenius were found guilty of incitement, and since the purpose of the act was considered to be an abrogation of the lawful order of the state, the act was found to have taken place “under aggravating circumstances” and the punishments imposed were tough: both Wallenius and Kuussaari received three years of unconditional imprisonment and were sentenced to be dismissed from their posts.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[40] Court of Appeal and Court Martial The verdict was appealed and the case moved to the Turku Court of Appeal.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Here Wallenius' lawyer, Heikki Borenius, focused on countering claims that the act was intentional.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In his view, it was not reasonable to assume that Wallenius would have considered the issue of Kuussaari to be serious.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In addition, the defence also appealed that there was no sign of any other action or plans to change the political situation in the country.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

It did not make sense for Wallenius, as an excessively successful man who received a family addition, to deliberately get involved in such activities.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The Court of Appeal accepted this argument.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

However, Wallenius was sentenced to punishment for being an accessory to deprivation of liberty because he had not sought to prevent the ride later but had subsequently destroyed evidence.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The prison sentences for Wallenius and Jaskar were reduced to two years in prison.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[41] Both Ester Ståhlberg [42] with her husband and Professor V.-P. Lehtola [43] have interpreted the Court of Appeal's view of the debate the officers had about playfulness as including an unspoken reference to the drunk farm of those present.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

In December 1930, the Chief Martial also took an interest in the matter, as public drunkenness was not only inappropriate to the rank of officers, but also an offence against Prohibition.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Kuussaari was charged with two counts of drunkenness and continued conduct inappropriate to an officer.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

However, the display against Wallenius was only enough to charge a drunkenness charge as far as Friday night was concerned, and when Kuussaari was found guilty of all charges, Wallenius received an acquittal verdict from the High Court martial.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[44] Nonetheless, the historiography has survived the claim that Wallenius had also been drunk on that Saturday.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[37] The Supreme Court Court Martial judgment was delivered in the spring of 1931, so it did not have time to influence the judgment of the Court of Appeal, but Wallenius' defence raised the issue when the case moved to the Supreme Court early in the summer.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The defence presented the motive report as a product of pressure from interrogators and stressed that eyewitnesses said Wallenius had not spoken to Kuussaari about politics.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The Supreme Court delivered its ruling in July 1931, siding with the defense.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

According to the court's interpretation, Kuussaari's claim that the troupe would collectively have “read the papers” and talked politics was not true.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Instead, a drunken Kuussaari had come to put his question to Wallenius without explaining his point, and the third man present had also thought the question was joking and answered in the affirmative even when Kuussaari returned to say that he had made the call.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

From these premises, the Supreme Court acquitted General Wallenius of all charges.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The fact that such different sentences could be handed down in different courts on the same case caused plenty of public debate.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Wallenius was released from prison, but was still suspended from the post of general and many still doubted him.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[20] [45] The political consequences of the Lapua movement was considered responsible for the Ståhlberg ride and the ride as an indication of the radicalisation of the supporters.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The whole membership was not on the side of the project, but for part of it Ståhlberg was a legalman, a symbol of constitutional democracy.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The otherwise fragmented Finnish lock was torn by conflicts between Secretary Jaskar and Executive Director Pihkala, who was stained by the ride.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The members of the organization and the organization merged into the Lapua movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[47] After the culmination of extensive rides that continued from spring to autumn, a search for paraphrases was initiated by the decision of the government of Svinhufvud, but the movement responded with mass enrolments and, for example, K. V. Martonen, the Goverlord of Vaasa, did not agree to continue the investigations.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[48] Only 656 charges were brought, and 240 of those also resulted in acquittal sentences, meaning most of the riders received no punishment.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[49] From this point of view, the rides can be regarded as a successful foreign parliamentary political activity, although the Ståhlberg ride at the latest turned public opinion against the action.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[50] A statement was recorded in the Progress Party's activity report: Despite the image harm caused by the ride, the Lapua movement achieved its most important goal when the parliament passed the Communist laws on 11 November 1930, by a vote of 132—65.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Only the Social Democrats voted against the bills; Ståhlberg and other moderate burghers suspected by the right voted for the laws.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[51] Nonetheless, after Ståhlberg stood as the Progress Party's candidate for the 1931 presidential elections, the Lapua Movement's magazine Activist incited Ståhlberg in February 1931 to assassinate Ståhlberg.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[52] When the electors voted on the president in parliament, Vihtori Kosola sat in the public gallery ready to call the movement's headquarters in Lapua.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Had Ståhlberg won the election, the Lapua Movement would have been prepared to declare its own rebellion government.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

However, Ståhlberg narrowly lost to Svinhufvud by a vote of 149—151.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The success of the foreign parliamentary operation in the form of rides had convinced the leaders of the Popular Movement of the Action's effectiveness and the activity continued in the winter of 1930—1931, for example, nailing the doors of the Workers' Houses.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[53] After the ride and the presidential election, the Agrarian League and the National Progress Party distanced themselves from the Lapua movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[54] In early February 1931, the Government had submitted a motion to Parliament to complete the form of government and the Reichstag order in a way that would have strengthened the government's independence from parliament, as well as weakening parliamentarianism, among other things, by complicating the issuance of censure motions.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

This motion, supported by the Lapua Movement, was defeated in parliament with votes from the centre and left.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Following the resignation of the Svinhufvud government following the presidential election, attempts by the Popular Movement to participate in forming a new government were roundly rebuffed.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[55] In the early spring of 1931, the political left and centre formed the Legality Front against the Lapua Movement and as the year progressed, the demarcation line between opponents and supporters of the movement shifted more and more to the right.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

The government became increasingly active in opposing the self-dominated activities of the Lapuan movement and after the movement's last effort of force, the Mäntsälä Rebellion, it was dissolved.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Ståhlberg's ride was a turning point in the development of the Lapua movement, which turned public opinion against the popular movement almost at the same time as the adoption of communist laws deprived it of its reason to exist, which enjoyed its widest popularity.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[55] Personal consequences Wallenius Martti Wallenius sat on remand for eight months.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

During his time in prison, Wallenius also drew his own conclusions from the background of the ride; the action had been so rude that he felt the incident had to be a deliberate provocation either against him himself, the Lapuan movement or the army leadership.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

For organizing the provocation, Wallenius suspected the Communists or Ståhlberg himself.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Wallenius and other right-wing circles also suspected that the Detective Central Police, concerned about the activities of the Lapua movement, would have used the case for their own purposes by drawing in persons harmful to their purposes.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Very soon after the ride took place at the head of the army, in which officers known to be pro-Lapuan were moved aside.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

After his release, Wallenius developed his theory even further, seeing as a result of the ride a failed plot by Communists and Masons, whose targets had included generals Ignatius and Mannerheim.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[56] Wallenius' wife Anni published a book on these theories in 1972.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

[57] [58] Although Wallenius was ultimately found not guilty, President Svinhufvud directly informed him that return to service with the Defence Force was out of the question in the political situation of the moment.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Instead, Lapua's movement hired a former general who enjoyed his admiration as its secretary-general.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Wallenius' organizational skills were hoped to help develop a fragmented and loosely run movement.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Wallenius achieved a great deal in his actions and also raised fears that he was “again” engaging in some sort of conspiracy against the government.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

As a result of the Mäntsälä rebellion, Wallenius ended up in remand again and eventually received a liberating sentence.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

He later toured speaking at events of the right and working as a war correspondent.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

Wallenius' career in the defence forces did not continue until the Winter War, when his old friend Aksel Airo persuaded Mannerheim to give the general known as skilled responsibility for the Lapland Front.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg's ride

When deployment to the Continuation War did not take place, Wallenius left the army behind by berating Mannerheim as a drunkard and devoting himself to literary labor, refusing almost entirely to comment on the ride-hailing incident.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

[48] [59] Urho Kekkonen wrote of Wallenius in 1972: “What his part really was in K. J. Ståhlberg's ride will remain an eternal secret.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

Serious history writers consider his guilt a clearance, he has been acquitted by the Supreme Court.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

But this event brought a great end to a military career that had begun and developed.” [60] Kuussaari Eero Kuussaari returned to army service in September 1932.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

He obtained a position in the Military History Office of the General Staff, where he focused on researching tribal wars.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

He was strongly influenced by the tribal cause and in the 1930s he was active in the Academic Karelia Society.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

When the Continuation War broke out, he led Department Kuussaari, formed from a volunteer force assembled from Viena and Aunus, which took part in the takeover of Rukajärvi.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

He later served in the military administration of East Karelia and after the wars returned to his post as historian.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

[61] Jaskari Mikko Jaskari did not appear in public after Ståhlberg's ride.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

When attempts were made to interview him about the events leading up to the ride in the 1950s, he claimed that he barely remembered the entire Finnish Lock.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

In 1954, however, he filed a report with the State Archives, which became public in 1990.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

In the report, he said that he belonged to the secret “Finnish Activists Battle Organisation”, to which he had been recruited by Kuussaari, whose members included Arvi Hällfors, Rafael Haarla and some General Staff officers.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

V.-P. Lehtola considers that it is this secret social activity that is the reason why Jaskari set out to carry out an order given by a poorly understood, clearly drunken Kuussaari.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

[62] See also List of people convicted of K. J. Ståhlberg's ride Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kekkonen, Urho| title = Speeches and Writings IV: Democracy and Human Rights| number = Why did I write 'Self-Defense of Democracy'? | location = Helsinki| publisher = Weilin+Göös| year = 1972| version = Ed.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

Tuomas Vilkuna| id = ISBN 951-35-0862-5| format = [Article in Dorian database (identifier: FAQ895216)] | accessdate = 30.8.2009| page = 18}} Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lehtola, Veli-Pekka| title = Presidential kyry| ditys - President Ståhlberg, General Wallenius and the time of the zeal 1930| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-951-1-24711-1}} Citation error, replace {{cite book| author = Niinistö, Jussi| title = Lapua movement: photo history of uprising 1929-1932| location = Helsinki ki| publisher = Nimox| year = 2003| id = ISBN 952-5485-01-3| pages = 99-100}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Niinistö, Jussi| title = Finnish freedom fighters| location = Helsinki| publisher = Nimox| year = 2003| id = ISBN 952-5485-05| pages = 81}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pietiäinen, Jukka-Pekka; Lappalainen, Tuomo| title = Presidents of the Republic.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

The republic is founded 1919—1931: Ståhlberg, Relander| number = President hostage| publisher = Weilin + Gös| year = 1992| version = chapter by Tuomo Lappalainen| id = ISBN 951-35-5425-2| pages = 94—95}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Siltala, Juha| title = Lapua movement and rides 1930| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1985| id = ISBN 951-1-08715-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ståhlberg, Ester| title = Ester Ståhlberg's years of wins and losses: diary 1926 - 1934| location = Porvoo, Porvoo Helsinki, Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1986| version = edited by Hilkka and Olli Vitikka| id = ISBN 951-0-13705-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Vares, Vesa, Uola, Mikko & Majander, Mikko | title = Parliament of Finland 100 Years III: People's Power to the Test | location = Helsinki| publisher her = Edita| year = 2006| id = ISBN 951-37-4543-0}} References Literature Kari Selén, Country of Sarkatakki - Patronage Association and Society 1918-1944 ISBN 951-0-25684-6, WSOY 2001.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

Pages 342-347: Patronymen and riders Erkki Kinnunen, Lapua Law.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

Ståhlberg ride to Joensuu, Life in ancient Joensuu, City of Joensuu 1848—1998, Yearbook of the Historical Society of North Karelia 6, ed.


Question: Why did the Lapuan movement organize K. J. Ståhlberg's ride?

K. J. Ståhlberg ride

Pasi Tuunainen, Jyväskylä 1998, ISSN 1236-0430, ISBN 951-96664-5-1 Martti Turtola, President K. J. Ståhlberg's ride and Finnish-Swedish military cooperation 1930 p. 5, War Historical Aikakirja 1, 1980 Anni Wallenius, Kyyditys, Academic Publishing Company, 1972 Category:92.1 Finnish history Category:Political history of Finland Category:Political violence in Finland Category:1930 Category:Human robbery


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The Apostle (,, [1]) is, according to Biblical and Christian tradition, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus whom he sent first among the people of Israel, and after his death and resurrection into all the world to proclaim the Gospel of the Kingdom of Heaven.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

In addition to these, some other persons who went on missionary work in the early congregation are also called apostles.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The definition of an apostle is abysmal, but most often the criterion is considered to be a witness to Jesus' resurrection.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Etymology The word “apostle” comes from the Greek word πόστολος (apóstólos), which is formed from the prefix ππ⸺- (apó-, “off”, “apart”) and the root στέλλω (stéllō, “to send”) and originally meant “sent” or “messenger”.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

[2] [3] The Twelve Apostles The word “apostle” is used only once in the Gospels of Mark and Matthew.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

According to the Gospel of Mark () and the Gospel of Matthew (), the twelve whom Jesus chose to follow him and whom he also called apostles himself were: Simon Peter Andrew James Zebedee son John Zebedee son Philip Bartholomew Thomas () Judas Didymos Thomas, “The Twin”) Matthew James son of Alpheus Taddeus Simon Cananeus (Simon the Zealot) Judas Iscariot (successor of Mattias) In the Gospel of Luke () Taddeus is referred to as Judas, son of Jacob.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The Gospel of John, in contrast to the Synoptic Gospels, does not provide a list of the apostles, and the author does not even mention their number.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

However, the following apostles appear in the Gospel: Andrew, Judas Iscariot, Peter, Thomas (also called Judah), Nathaniel, Philip, the sons of Zebedee (James and John), and “the other Judas”.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

After the new twelfth apostle Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus and hanged himself before Jesus' crucifixion, there were eleven apostles left.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

According to Acts (), the remaining disciples gathered between Jesus' resurrection and Pentecost to choose the Twelfth Apostle.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The elect had to be among the pupils from the beginning to the end of Jesus' activities and was to be a witness to the resurrection.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The students nominated two persons, Joseph Barsabba, who was called Justus, and Mattias.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Of the two, the new apostle was chosen by lot.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The lot fell to Mattiaa, who thus became the last of the “Twelve Apostles”.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Other Apostles Also Paul says he is an apostle, for example in the Epistle to the Romans ().


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

He specifically calls himself the “Apostle of the Gentiles” ().


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

He also calls his companions who proclaimed the Gospel as apostles ().


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

So it was customary that all who had received a mission from God or Jesus to proclaim the gospel were apostles.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Another possible criterion was that witnesses of the resurrection were specifically called apostles.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

This criterion was used in the selection of Matthiah, and Paul also invoked the sight of the Lord in defending his own apostle (1 Cor.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

As the witnesses of the resurrection gradually died out, the titular apostle fell into disuse.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Paul, however, mentioned that he was the least of the apostles because he had previously persecuted Christians.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

He also had to assert his authority many times.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Barnabas is called an apostle in Acts of the Apostles ().


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

James, the brother of Jesus, again is never called an apostle, although he was said to be one of the “pillars of the congregation” ().


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

However, Paul cites Jacob as a witness to the resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:7).


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Therefore, the verse of Gal 1:19 “no other apostle I met, only James the brother of the Lord” is not unequivocal and there is no consensus among scholars.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

It is possible, then, that Jacob was not spoken of as an apostle, since he obviously did not do missionary work.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

However, having encountered the resurrected James would have met the apostle's criteria.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Notable is Verse Room.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

16:7, in which Paul mentions Andronikos and Juniah, who are “held in esteem in the apostles”.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

There has been much debate about the gender of the apostle named Junia or Junias, but if she was a woman, Paul will, quite by chance, have mentioned the only female apostle for which we have been left with evidence.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

However, this does not mean that there could not have been more women as apostles.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The exact number of apostles is impossible to know.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

In Paul's Verses 1.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Kor.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

According to the knowledge given by 15:3 —8, Christ appeared to more than five hundred (1.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Kor.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

However, not all witnesses of the resurrection necessarily became apostles, as Paul reports that Christ appeared separately to all the apostles (1.Cor.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

15:7), the number of which he does not mention, however.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Last, the Resurrected appeared yet to Paul (1 Cor.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

15:8), who apparently also remained the last witness and apostle of the resurrection.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Veneration Days of Remembrance of the Apostles are as follows in the Catholic saint calendar: Peter and Paul — 29 June Andrew — 30 November James son of Zebedee — 25 July John son of Zebedee — 27 December Philip and James the Younger — 3 May (before 1 Bartholomew — 24 August Thomas — 3 July Matthew — 21 September Simon Cananeus and Judas son of James — 28 November Mattias — 14 May Paul — 25 January (Remembrance Day of Conversion) [4] Apostles' days were celebrated as public holidays before the year 1774 in Finland too.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

However, in a departure from the current Catholic saint calendar, Mattia's day was 24 February, Philip and James Day on 1 May, and Bring 21.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

on Dec.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

[5] Most of the old days of remembrance of the apostles today are the name days of the same name.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The so-called Apostolic Creed is named after the apostles: [6] “I believe in God, the Father, the Almighty, the Creator of heaven and earth, and in Jesus Christ, the only Son of God, our Lord, who was born of the Holy Spirit, was born of the Virgin Mary, suffered Pontius Pilate During, was crucified, died and buried, stepped down into the underworld, rose on the third day from the dead, stepped up into the heavens, sits on the right hand of God, the Father, the Almighty, and hath come from there to judge the living and the dead.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

And to the Holy Spirit, the Holy Catholic Church, the connection of the saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body and eternal life.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Amen.”


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

“Credo in Deum, Patrem Omnipotentem, Creatorem Caeli et terrae; et in Iesum Christum, Filium eius unicum, Dominum nostrum: qui conceptus est de Spiritu Sancto, natus ex Maria Virgine, passus sub Pontio Pilato, crucifixus, mortuus, et sepultus.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Descendit ad inferos; tertia die resurrexit a mortuis; ascendit ad caelos, sedet ad dexteram Dei Patris omnipotentis; inde venturus est iudicare vivos et mortuos.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Credo in Spiritum Sanctum, Sanctam Ecclesiam catholicam, sanctorum communionem, remissionem peccatorum, carnis resurrectionem, et vitam aeternam.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Amen.”


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The apostles have also been commemorated by name in the canon prayed at Mass: [7] “Communicántes, et memóriam venerántes, in primis gloriósæ semper Vírginis Maríæ, Genetrícis Dei et Dómini nostri Iesu Christi: sed et beati Ioseph, eiusdem Virginis Sponsi, et beatórum Apostri Tolórum ac Mártyrum tuórum, Petri et Pauli, Andréæ, Iacóbi, Ioánnis, Thomæ, Iacóbi, Philíppi, Bartholomaei, Matthaei, Simónis and Thaddaei: Lini, Cleti, Cleméntis, Xysti, Cornélii, Cypriáni, Lauréntii, Chrysógoni, Ioánnis et Pauli, Cosmæ et Damiáni: et ómnium Sanctórum tuórum; quorum méritis precibúsque concédas, ut in ómnibus protectiónis tuæ muniámur auxílio.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Per eúndem Christum, Dóminum nostrum.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Amen.”


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

The apostles Peter and Paul are mentioned in the traditional, originally 7th-century Confiteor prayer, also used at the beginning of the Tridentine Mass: [8] [9] “Confíteor Deo omnipoténti, beátæ Maríæ semper Vírgini, beáto Michaéli Archángelo, beáto Ioánni Baptítíi Sanctis Apóstolis Petro et Páulo, ómnibus Sanctis, et vobis, fratres: quia peccávi nimis cogitatióne, verbo, et ópere: percutit sibi pectus ter, dicens: mea culpa, mea culpa, mea máxima culpa.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

Ideo precor beátam Maríam semper Virginem, beátum Michaélem Archángelum, beátum Ioánnem Baptístam, sanctos Apóstolos Petrum et Páulum, omnes Sanctos, et vos, fratres, oráre pro me ad Dóminum Deum nostrum.”


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

In the Talmud of the Jews, both Jesus and the disciples are mentioned in Sanhedrin 43a.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

According to the Talmud, Jesus had only five disciples, Matthai, Nakai, Nezer, Buni, and Todah.


Question: Why did Jesus have twelve disciples?

apostle

[10] See also Apostolate Acts of the Apostles Emblems Apostolic Fathers Apostles in Mormonism Church Fathers Sources on the topic elsewhere Sley Bible Lectures Orthodox.NET Category:Christianity Category:Key articles on screening


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Patras (;) is a Greek town and municipality of the same name (Δήμος Πατρέων, Dímos Patréon), located in the Akhaia regional unit in the region of Western Greece.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The city is the capital of Western Greece, as well as the administrative center of Akhaia.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The entire municipality covers an area of 333.1 square kilometers and a population of.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The population of the town of Patras proper is (in 2011).


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[1] [2] Patras is the third largest city in Greece and the most significant port city in western Greece.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

It has developed in ancient times from the town of Patrai, which was a major centre especially in the Roman period.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The town survived as a fortified centre through the Middle Ages and has developed into a major port again since the 19th century and today also as a university town.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Geography Patras is located on the northwest coast of the Peloponnese peninsula on the shores of the Gulf of Patras near the mouth of the Gulf of Corinth.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The town is divided into an older upper town (Áno Póli), which is set higher up on the westernmost cantilever of Mount Panachaïkó around the medieval Patras Castle and consists of an older building stock, and a newer lower town (Káto Póli), built in a checkerboard station plan and located in coastal plain.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[3] Mount Panachaïkó rises east of Patras.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

A little further away lies Mount Erýmanthos.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The main river in the nearby area is the Gláfkos.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The distance of the city from Athens along the road is about 215 kilometers, and from Corinth about 134 kilometers.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Río in the northern part of the Patras urban area is the southern end of the Ríon—Antírrio bridge connecting the Peloponnese to central Greece.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The climate of Patras is Mediterranean climate.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The average temperature for the month is 27°C in the highest in July and 10°C at its lowest in January.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The rainest is in December.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[4] Like the rest of Greece, the region is earthquake-sensitive.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The boroughs of Patras include: History Antiquity During antiquity the city was known in the form of the name Patrai (lat.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Patrae).


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The site of the town has been inhabited since the prehistoric period and the Mycenaean period.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The city of Patrai came into existence during the dark centuries of Greece following the Doorite conquest of the Peloponnese.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

In this case, Akhaij from Lakonia migrated to the area, whose leader is mentioned Patreus, who gave his name to the city.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[5] [6] [7] In the Archaic and Classical periods, Patrai was relatively aloof from major events in the Greek world, taking no part in the Persian wars.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

In the Peloponnesian War, it sided with Athens.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

In 280 BC.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

the city was establishing a new Akhaian alliance against Macedonia.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

After the Romans recaptured the area in 146 BC.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Patrai was destroyed.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

In the Roman period, however, the city was made a major governmental centre and garrison town, and served as an important port.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The main part of the ancient remains of the city date from the Roman period.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Most notable include the ruins of a Roman odeion.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[5] [6] [8] The city became a major early Christian center through the activities of the Apostle Andrea.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Andreas was crucified in Patras, and became the patron saint of the city.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[8] Later history The town survived as a local centre in the Byzantine period, and Patras Castle was built there.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

In the 13th century, the city came under the rule of Venice and in 1458 under Ottoman rule.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Venice and Genoa attempted to take over the city several times in the 15th and 16th centuries.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The castle was restored and remained in use through the Venetian and Ottoman periods.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Patras joined the Greek War of Independence in 1821 and was liberated from Turkish rule in 1828 with the assistance of French troops.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[8] In the 19th century, Patras grew to be among the largest cities in Greece.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

It again became a major port through which farming products from the Peloponnese were exported.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The city received a checkered station plan and several neoclassical buildings were built there.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

It was also the first city in Greece to have streetlights and electrified tram traffic.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The intense growth of Patras continued through the 20th century.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Many evakas came to the town in the 1920s as a result of the population exchange between Greece and Turkey.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

In World War II, the city suffered bombardment.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[8] [9] The present municipality of Patras was formed when Patras, Messátida, Paralía, Río and Vrachnaíika merged in early 2011 under the Kallikrates Plan.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[10] Attractions and Culture Among the city's landmarks is the Church of St. Andrew (Ágios Andréas).


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Built on the site of the crucifixion according to the tradition of the apostle Andrea, it is also the site of his grave and a popular pilgrimage site.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The city's cathedral, or episcopal seat, is the Church of the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary (Evangelismós tis Theotókou, or Evangelístria).


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[11] Other attractions include the ancient Patras ruins and Patras Castle, among others, the Patras Archaeological Museum.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Patras University is home to the University of Patras.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[12] The Carnival of Patras is the largest and most famous in Greece.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[3] The city served as the European Capital of Culture in 2006.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

[13] Patras is home to the football club Panachaiki FC (Panachaïkí FC).


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Traffic Patras is one of Greece's major port cities in terms of passenger and cargo traffic abroad, [14] and is especially the most significant port in Greece for west-facing passenger shipping routes such as Italy.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The port also provides connections to the Ionian Islands.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Áraxos Airport is served as the city's airport, located approximately 45 kilometres from the city to the west lunch.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Local train services in the local area of the city are operated by proastiakós trains.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Parts of the municipality Since the 2011 local government reform, the municipality of Patras is formed of five municipal units, equivalent to pre-reform municipalities.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

The municipal units and the village and urban settlements and settlements that comprise them are: [1] [10] Sources on the subject elsewhere.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

Patras Municipality Website.


Question: What is the population of Patras?

Patras

(in Greek) *


Question: What time is the film set?

List of dystopia films

This is a list of dystopia films.


Question: What time is the film set?

List of dystopia films

These films are set in a dystopia that is the undesirable society of the future.


Question: What time is the film set?

List of dystopia films

[1] The term is the opposite of utopia and often refers to the fictional near-future society expected to emerge as presently prevailing social developments accelerate to their peak.


Question: What time is the film set?

List of dystopia films

Typically the result is a totalitarian repressive society that violates human dignity or, for example, a world that has experienced environmental disaster.


Question: What time is the film set?

List of dystopia films

List See also Dystopia Post-apocalypse Risks Threatening Humanity and Earth List of dystopia books Sources Dystopia films Category:Dystopia films


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Khrushchevka () is a 3—5 storey elevator-free apartment building built quickly and cheaply in the USSR in the 1950s—1960s of bricks or precast blocks and was named after Nikita Khrushchev, the then head of the country.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

In houses, housing space was defined as 10 squares per person.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The construction projects in Khrushchevka were intended to provide housing in the era for people who moved from the countryside to the cities.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

[1] History of Khrushchevka Khrushchevka construction was based on prefabricated technology.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The first prefabricated houses were built already under Stalin in 1948 in Moscow on the territory of the present-day Sokolin Hill District and Horoshevskoye Shosse with individual projects according to the plans of the Gosstroiproject and Mosgorproject of the Academy of Architects of the Soviet Union.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Plans were drawn up by Vitali P. Lagutenko (series-7).


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Khrushchevkas represented construction technically efficient new construction as replacements for the thick-walled houses of the Stalin era, which required more construction material and work.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

However, their durability was weaker than the previous ones, which was noted among others.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

in the Armenian earthquake of December 1988.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

In general, a block house sealed from its seams is not as strong as the more traditional thick-walled and more expensive older built-in solutions.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Khrushchevka of different types of Khrushchevka is an apartment building built according to the same formula, representing functionalism in style.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

There are different types of Khrushchevkos, most often they are prefabricated or brick houses, less often houses built of large concrete blocks.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The most famous are the elementKhrushchevkat.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

They were very common because construction from prefabricated reinforced concrete blocks was rapid.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

As a rule, in such houses, the thermal insulation of external walls, as well as sound insulation inside the house, is poor.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Brick rushchevkos, on the other hand, were most often built in cities that did not have their own construction industry.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Silicate bricks and prefabricated reinforced concrete products such as bulkheads, kamanas and stair crashes were often used to construct brick houses.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Such buildings rose up quickly, due to which the quality of the buildings often suffered.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Element Khrushchevkas are divided into dismantled and permanent.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The Khrushchevkas being demolished were intended as a temporary solution to the housing shortage and were thought to be in use for 25 years [2], but some have still not been removed from the housing stock.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The service life of permanent Khrushchevkos was planned for 50 years.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

However, subsequent studies have shown that the operating period can be extended to 150 years if buildings undergo renovation.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Brick rushchevkas belong to a series of permanent houses with a service life of at least 100—150 years.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

However, individual houses may become unusable in the past due to poor maintenance or poor building quality.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Equipment level The houses built at the beginning of the Stalin era were very different in terms of equipment.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The so-called nomenclature “stalinkos” intended for the elite had central heating, hot and cold water, separate bathrooms and toilets, and, in houses over five storeys, an elevator and garbage chute.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The houses of ordinary working people often did not have bathrooms; there was only a sink and toilet in the sanitary room.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Residents used to go washing in public saunas.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

There was a wood stove for cooking.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The water in the bathtub dwellings was heated by a hot water heater powered by trees or other solid fuel.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Furnace heating had been planned for shallow stalinkas.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

There were also residential buildings without plumbing or sewer, in some houses the restrooms were of the dry toilet type.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The intermediate roofs were wood in the so-called Workers' Stalinkas, as well as in some Stalinkos built for the elite, except for toilets and stair corridors of high-rise houses.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The combination of furnace heating and timber intermediate ceilings could pose a fire hazard.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The advent of Khrushchevkos brought housing comfort to a new level.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The basic equipment of the Khrushchevkos included central heating, cold water mains and sewerage.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Sanitary facilities included a tub, most often a sitting bath.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

In the vast majority of Khrushchevko, sanitary space is combined with the bathroom.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The prevalence of the gas line in cities made it possible to install gas stoves in Khrushchevkas.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

If gas did not enter the Khrushchevko, a wooden stove was installed in the kitchen.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

If, on the other hand, the house had a powerful electrical network, an electric stove was installed in the kitchen


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Hot water was brought to the taps through the district heating system, but most often no hot water entered the house.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

In this case, gas-powered water heaters were installed in the apartments.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

If there was no gas in the house, the hot water was heated by a heater powered by firewood.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Bulkheads in Khrushchevka are fire-resistant because they were made of industrially made reinforced concrete blocks.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

There are no elevators in Khrushchevkos because by standards, elevators were mandatory only in houses with more than five storeys.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Some house models have garbage shafts.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Two or four dwellings were placed on each floor level of each stairwell.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Khrushchevka “refrigerator” Quite often under the kitchen window of a small-sized brick rushchevka is located a special cabinet for storing food.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The outer wall of the cabinet is usually only half a brick thick.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

In some types of construction, there is a ventilation hole in the wall, which was needed, among other things, for the gas stove to work properly.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

In the cold seasons, this cabinet replaced the right refrigerator.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Similar cabinets can also be found in buildings of the Stalin era.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The name “Khrushchev refrigerator” is commonly used in the humor sense of Khrushchev [3].


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The reason is poor thermal insulation of these houses, because of which it is cold in the apartments in winter [4].


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

Window in the bathroom In many Khrushchevka apartment buildings (for example, 1-447 series) there is a window from the bathroom to the kitchen.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The window is 40 cm high and is placed under the roof border.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

On the kitchen side, it is located on the opposite wall of the usual window.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

The most likely reason for the addition of the window has been that in the days of construction in the Khrushchevks, power outages were very common.


Question: Where does the Khrushchevka apartment building get its name?

Khrushchevka

During the power outage, a little light got out of the window, allowing the use of the toilet and sink.