Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Homosexual became widespread as a concept in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, replacing the words previously in use, of which sodomite is probably the most famous.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In medicine, numerous words were used in parallel for a long time to describe the same phenomenon, but the words were partly contradictory to each other.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Such words included inversion, uranism, unisexuality, bisexuality, and psychic hermaphrodism.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The concept of homophilia sought to emphasize the importance of love and interpersonal relationship beyond mere sexual preference.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[122] The concept of homosexual belonged to both legal and medical terminology.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Michel Foucault writes that before the term homosexual stabilized sexual dissimilarity, sodomite had been nothing more than a series of acts in what homosexuality now named a group of people.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[123] In Finland homosexuality was a crime until 1971.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Under the former law, fornication practised with the same sex could be punishable at its harshest to a two-year prison sentence.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[124] Even in the 1980s, homosexuality was perceived as a choice, sexual preference and a person's enlightening way of life, but it has been replaced by the biology-based concept of sexual orientation [34].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Parenting Non-related children adopted by female couples are similar in sexual behaviors to children of straight couples.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Breeding does not seem to be influenced by orientation but by innate factors.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[32] Lesbian and gay parents are as fit as heterosexuals and their children as healthy and adaptable as children from straight families, according to scientific research.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[125] [126] [127] According to research reviews, there is no evidence to the contrary.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[127] [128] [129] [130] [131] Animal homosexuality Homosexual behaviour has been observed in approximately 1500 species, 500 of which it is well documented.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[132] Homosexuality occurs in the animal kingdom, especially among social animals such as waterfowl and mammals, monkeys and human apes.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Most common it is in black swans living in Australia, of which about a quarter of couples are same-sex with each other, most dog pairs.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Most of these couples nurture together either their own brood or that has been robbed from others, and chicks nurtured by dog pairs have an even higher survival rate than those nurtured by straight couples.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[133] [134] Studies have found methylmercury as an environmental toxin to cause homosexual use in ib birds.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Mercury alters the levels of sex hormones, testosterone and estradiol in dogs.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[135] Georgetown University professor Janet Mann has put forward the theory that at least the homosexual behaviour of dolphins would be evolutively advantageous because it would reduce intra-species, especially inter-male, aggression.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[136] Male penguin pairs have been observed to last a lifetime, build nests together and hatch rock as a surrogate egg.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In 2004, at the Central Park Zoo in the United States, the stone of one of the identified-sex pair was replaced by a fertilized egg that the pair hatched and from which the hatched chick it raised as its own.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[137] [138] Homosexual behaviour has been observed in orangutans.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[139] Banana flies do not have a gene that enables them to distinguish between the sexes.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[140] In 2006, the Natural History Museum of the University of Oslo opened Against Nature?


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

an exhibition called.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

The museum displayed some of the animal species in which homosexuality is alleged to occur, with specimen pieces and images.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Species range from small insects to caskelots.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[141] The characterization of animal behavior as homosexuality has been criticized for anthropomorphism, that is, the placement of human characteristics in animals.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[142] Sexology distinguishes between genitality, i.e., instantaneous external behaviour and sexuality, that is, a reasonably permanent personality characteristic.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[143] In scientific research, personality is associated only with representatives of the human species, i.e. persons.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[144] Mental health problems and mild phenomena in homosexuals The prevalence of depression is three times higher in gay men compared to the total population.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Because depression is a risk factor for suicide, gay men also have a higher risk of suicide.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Depression and suicidality can affect gay men's alcohol and drug use, unprotected anal intercourse, and HIV transmission.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[145] In young homosexuals, death by suicide has been estimated to be 2—7 times higher than in heterosexual adolescents.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

More data is available on thinking about suicide, where homosexual adolescents have a two-fold prevalence compared to heterosexuals.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Suicides and thinking about suicide are explained by two different theories: minority stress and interpersonal psychological theory of suicide.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[146] A more accepting social environment can reduce suicides by 20-25% [147].


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

In Britain, more than a third of homosexuals use illicit drugs, compared with five per cent in the overall population.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

So homosexuals have a sevenfold likelihood of using drugs.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

According to the study, homosexuals have a tenfold likelihood of having used cocaine in the past month and a 13-fold increase in the likelihood of having used ketamine in the past month.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[148] In the overall population, drug use decreases with age, but based on research conducted at PRIDE events, homosexuals aged 36 to 40 use the same amount of drugs as younger people.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

[149] See also Homophobia Homosexuality and Religions Kinsey Scale List of known gay and bisexual same-sex marriage Bisexuality Bi-curious The fading of bisexuality Sexual flexibility Seta Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Aldrich, Robert (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Love of the same sex: History of homosexuality | location = Helsinki| publisher = Multicost| year = 2006| version = (Gay Life and Culture: A World History, 2006.)


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Translated by Veli-Pekka Ketola| id = ISBN 952-468-103-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Eschebach, Insa (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Homophobie und Devianz: Weibliche und männliche Homosexualität im Nationalsozialismus| location = Berlin| publisher = Metropol Verlag| year = 2012| isbn = 978-3-86331-066-0| language = Template:De}} Citation error, replace {{cite book| author = Hagman, Sandra| title = Seven Queer Brothers: Narratives of Forbidden Male Same-Sex Desires from Modernizing Finland 1894—1971| location = Florence| publisher = European University Institute| year = 2014| version=Diss| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.| format = [Abstract online]}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hankamäki, Jukka| title = Angel Love: Philosophy and Religion Homosexual| location = Helsinki| publisher = Books on Demand| year = 2008| id = ISBN 9978-52-498- 092-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hautanen, Tarja| title = Private Occasion: Cultural History of Gays and Lesbians| location = Helsinki| publisher = Sexual Equality ry| year = 2005| id = ISBN 952-9862-17-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jokinen, Juha Veli (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Gay!


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Lesbian!


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

True stories from 21st century Finland| location = Helsinki—Jyväskylä | publisher = Minerva| year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-492-201-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Juvonen, Tuula| title = Shadow life and public secrets| location = Tampere| publisher = Equipoen| year = 2002 | version = Dissertation: University of Tampere| id = ISBN 951-768-109-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Juvonen, Tuula| title = Closet on top of cabinet: Homosexual people and their rights in representative policy| location = Tampere| publisher = Equipoin| year = 2015| isbn = 978-951-768-449-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kellomäki, Ani et al.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

(ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Everything changes better| location = Kirkkonummi| publisher = Paasilinna| year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-952-5856-29-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Koivisto, Nelli (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Permission to belong — permission to appear: Sexual and gender minorities in physical activity and sports| location = Helsinki| publisher = Finnish Exercise and Sport| year = 2005| id = ISBN 952-5062-65-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lehto, Juhani E.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

& Kovero, Camilla| title = Homosexuality from the point of view of science and told by men| location = Helsinki| publisher = Lilith| year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-951-98810-4-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lehtonen, Jukka — Mustola, Kati (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title= “Neither do straight people tell you...”: Frontier of sexuality and gender in work| location = Helsinki| publisher = Ministry of Work| year= 2004| id = ISBN 951-735-603-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Löfström, Jan (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Scandinavian Homosexualities: Essays on Gay and Lesbian Studies| location = Binghamton| publisher = Harrington Park Press| year = 1998| isbn=1-56023-111-4| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Miettinen, Jukka O.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

(ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Among men: Love between men in the light of world literature| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 1993| id = ISBN 951-1-12268-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Parkkinen, Marja-Leena (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = Out of the closet: True stories of confronting homosexuality| location = Helsinki| publisher = Like| year = 2003| id = ISBN 952-471-096-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Half way, Tapio| title = Child's human right: right to father and mother| publisher = Cost Oy New Road| year = 2015| id = ISBN 9789516195981}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Half way, Tapio| title = Social test in children? | publisher = Image and Word| year = 2016| id = ISBN 978-951-585-315-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Puonti, Ari| title = Relationship with Blessing — Homosexuality, Therapeutic Soul Care and Bible| publisher = Kustannus Oy New Roe| year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-951-51-619-523 -3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Sievers, Kai & Stålström, Olli (ed.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

) | title = The Many Faces of Love: Homosexual Love, Human Rights and Liberation| location = Espoo| publisher = Weilin + Göös| year = 1984| id = ISBN 951-35-2679-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Stålström, Olli| title = Homosexuality sickness stamp end| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 1997| version = Dissertation: University of Kuopio| id = ISBN 951-662-716-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Terry, Jennifer| title = An American Obsession: Science, Medicine, and Homosexuality in Modern Society| location = Chicago| publisher = The University of Chicago Press| year = 1999| isbn = 0-226-79366-4| language = Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lively, Hanna| title = Encountering Gender and Sexuality| location = Jyväskylä | publisher = PS cost| year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-952-451-462-0}} On topic elsewhere — Organization for the Status of Sexual and Gender Minorities .


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Helsinki City Library Subject Package Archive.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How do you define hakama?

Homosexuality

entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Category:Sexual Orientation Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

USS Langley (hull number CV-1 and later AV-3) was the first aircraft carrier of the United States Navy to be named after astronomer Samuel Pierpont Langley.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

It was converted from a coal carrier.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

It was so badly damaged by Japanese bombardment that its convoy ships sank it to prevent it from falling into enemy hands.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Background The United States Congress decided in July 1919 to authorize the conversion of the Navy transport ship USS Jupiter (AC-3) into a ship capable of carrying, dispatching into the air, and receiving aircraft while at sea.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The importance of aircraft as fleet scouts and fire leaders had been known since the first planes were placed on cruisers in 1916.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[1] However, fire conductivity did not matter to the decision, but by the US Navy's observations of Royal Navy aircraft carriers during World War I, when, among other things, a test with a torpedo-armed Sopwith Cuckoo on HMS Argus was carried out.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The experiment demonstrated the advantages of a flat-cover support vessel over seaplane motherships.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[2] The USS Jupiter (AC-3) had been ordered from the Mare Island Naval Shipyard, California and had its keel laid down on 18 October 1911.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The ship had been laid into the waters on 14 August 1912, godparents of Thomas F. Ruhn and had been commissioned on 7 April 1913 as its first master, Joseph M.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Reeves.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[3] The ship's modification work into an aircraft carrier was confirmed on 11 July 1919 and the ship was transferred on 12 December to Hampton Roads, Virginia, where it was withdrawn from service on 24 March 1920.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The ship was placed at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard for modification work.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On 21 April 1920, the ship was renamed Langley and reclassified upon entry into service on 20 March 1922 as an aircraft carrier (CV-1).


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[4] [3] Modification work It was planned to accommodate 34 aircraft or a maximum of 55 unloaded.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

578 tonnes of aviation fuel were stored on board the front of the aircraft shelters.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The ship did not have an actual hangar; facilities were reserved for all operations from the main deck.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Self-space from the main deck was allocated for maintenance operations, but aircraft were carried like any cargo in the hold.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The transfer of the machines was done by two three-ton cranes to the main deck elevator, which moved the planes further to the flight deck.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Beneath the elevator was a storage room, in which, among other things, 275 bombs and 24 torpedoes were deposited.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[4] Most of the ship's superstructures were removed and a support structure was made from the earlier crane booms on a wooden flight deck which basically covered the entire length of the ship.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The ship's bridge was retained at the front, although it remained below the flight deck after the modification.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Two 35 ft “gooseneck” cranes were mounted one on each side of the main deck.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The cranes were capable of loading the lift and, if necessary, lift floatplanes from the ship's side to the deck.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Twelve destroyers, 12 reconnaissance aircraft and 10 torpedo bombers had been planned as an air squadron configuration, six of which would be floatplanes.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Brake cables were placed on the deck as well as two catapults for floatplanes.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Two movable radio masts were placed on the flight deck.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[4] Armament The ship's armament was limited by space, so it was fitted with only four single-tube 5-inch 51 calibre guns; one on each side of the bow and one on each side of the intermediate deck at the rear of the ship.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Mounted guns were not suitable for aerial target shooting due to lack of altitude adjustment.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[4] Power source The ship's power source remained the same, namely the Melville McAlpine engine, where the turbines used generators to power two electric motors connected to the shaft.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Flue flues were on the left side of the ship.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[4] Service on the USS Langley was commissioned into service on March 20, 1922.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

While the ship was still in the dock, Lieutenant Commander Godfrey de Courcelles Chevalier led the training of naval pilots for the support ship.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The pilots practiced on a 100ft deck built on top of a jam carrier.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

At the same time, training began in San Diego on the 836 ft runway.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[5] Modification work on the ship was completed in September and it anchored on the York River on 17 October, when Lieutenant Commander Virgil C. Griffin was the first to fly from its deck in a Vought VE-7SF biplane.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

With the ship nine days later on 26 October sailing at a speed of 12.5 knots, Lieutenant Commander Chevalier made the first landing on the deck of the ship in an Aeromarine 39-B biplane.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

As the plane went down, its propeller broke, but the plane was not otherwise destroyed.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[6] After enlistment, the USS Langley spent its first two years as a test ship, testing aircraft and support ship systems, training pilots, and designing operational instructions.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

During operation, the ship had several accidents of varying levels, but none fatal on board itself.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On 29 November 1924, the ship was attached to the Battle Fleet at San Diego, at which point its full experimental use at the same time ceased.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The Navy Destroyer Squadron () began operations on board in January 1925 to perform support ship qualification.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The squadron was meanwhile the first U.S. flying unit to operate on a support ship.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The squadron's fleet was VE-7S biplanes.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

In addition, the ship had an aircraft in training and liaison aircraft use.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[7] The USS Langley first participated in a Navy maneuver (Fleet Problem V) in March 1925 off the West Coast of the United States.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The ship did not have much significance in the exercise, but its slowness caused Admiral Robert E. Coontz, commander of the United States Navy, to make a presentation for faster entry into service of the new ships under construction.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[7] Captain Joseph M.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

(Bull) Reeves, who had just been named commander of the flying units serving in the Battle Fleet, transferred to the USS Langley in October and shortly after this he put forward an increase in engine strength so that all facilities on board were commissioned.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[8] The USS Langley was transferred in January 1928 to the Mare Island (California) Naval Shipyard for maintenance while lengthening the flight deck 23 ft at the suggestion of Captain Reeves.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On the ship's return to service, Reeves, who was promoted to rear admiral, requested 36 aircraft to be placed on the ship's flight deck and six aircraft in the hold.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The ship participated in a maneuvering exercise (Fleet Problem VIII) in April 1928 in Hawaiian waters, by which time its engine strength had been increased to 36 and its Boeing F2B-1 fighters were superior to ground force machinery.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

During the exercise, the ship was capable of deploying 35 aircraft in seven minutes.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[9] Seaplanes mothership USS Langley AV-3 After the U.S. Navy ordered three new aircraft carriers, it was decided to convert the slow USS Langley into a seaplane mothership and at the same time changed the ship's rating from CV-1 to AV-3.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Modification work on the ship was carried out at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard from October 1936 to February 1937.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

During modification work, the flight deck was shortened from the front by 40% and a command bridge was built on its site.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The redesigned ship was capable of providing adequate facilities for two squadrons of patrol aircraft.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[10] The ship served in both the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic until it was moved westward.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On 24 September 1939, the ship arrived in Manila, Philippines attached to the United States Asiatic Fleet.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[10] World War II At the start of World War II on 8 December 1941 in the Philippines, the USS Langley was moored off Sangley Point in Manila Bay, from where it sailed south with two tankers on the night of the anti-9th.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The USS Langley supported PBY flying boats and the USS Pecos refueled the Asiatic Fleet ships heading south.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On 10 December, the section was issued a submarine alert as it sailed in the Sulu Sea, during which two torpedoes passed the ship.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Just before nightfall, a Japanese Navy detachment with at least cruisers and destroyers was detected from the USS Langley, but no Americans were detected.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On 1 January 1942, the detachment arrived at Darwin, Australia.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[11] The US Navy felt the need to send additional troops and material to the Dutch East Indies and a decision was made in February to send P-40 destroyers aboard the USS Langley to Java, which would be intended to protect the island of Timor and thus enable transfer flights to the region.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Loaded aboard the USS Langley in Freemantle was 32 P-40E Warhawk for the open deck, 33 pilots and 12 aircraft mechanics.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Only one of the pilots had flying experience with P-40 fighters.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Aircraft were refueled when loaded, but the guns were not loaded.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[12] Freighter Sea Witch loaded 27 P-40 destroyers packed in crates.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The ships were attached as part of Convoy MS-5, which arrived on 22 February at Freemantle, Australia.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The need for aircraft was so busy in Java that transport ships were detached from the convoy as their own compartment.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Two ships without escorts received orders to sail at a speed of 14 knots to Tjilatjap, Java, the only port of demolition possible.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

According to the plan, the ships were to arrive on 27 February.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Langley's departure was delayed because it was necessary for the rest of the voyage to have escorts.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Escorts eventually ended up being the U.S. Navy destroyers USS Edsall and USS Whipple.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

An additional delay was caused by a submarine sighting.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On 27 February, the department embarked on its last 100 nautical miles.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[13] Morning at 9:00am, an unidentified aircraft was observed above the compartment.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

A request was sent from the USS Langley to Java for fighter cover to be sent, but the busy squadrons were unable to deploy aircraft.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

At 11:40 a.m., the department detected more aircraft, at which point an aerial alert was issued on board the ships.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[13] The 1st Attack Detachment contained nine Mitsubishi G4M bombers of the Imperial Japanese Navy.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The bombs of the first two planes were successfully evaded thanks to the excellent action of the ship's master commander, Robert P. McConnell.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The remaining planes received five direct hits on Langley and two near-hit, causing a fire on board, the steering system was destroyed and the leak caused a 10-degree tilt.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

In this case, the six Zeros escorting the bombers shelled the ship with machine guns.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[13] Commander McConnell sought to save the ship's cargo and lowered water on board to balance the tilt.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Similarly, the burning deck material was pushed out to sea.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The attempt failed after the electric motors got wet and the ship stalled, causing the ship's captain to give the order at 13:32 to leave the ship and move to the destroyers.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Eleven lives of the ship and aircraft crews had crashed in the battle.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[13] The destroyer USS Whipple fired nine four-inch mortar rounds and two torpedoes at the USS Langley to sink the damaged ship and prevent it from falling into enemy possession.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

On 1 March, the crew of the USS Langley was transferred to the tanker Pecos, which was already sunk by aircraft taking off from the Japanese support ship Soruy that same day.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The following night, the destroyer USS Whipple rescued 232 rescued, some of them from the USS Langley.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

The destroyer returned to Australia.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

[14] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Chesneau Roger| title= Aircraft Carriers of the World, 1914 to the Present - an illustrated encyclopedia| location = Bristol| publisher = Brockhampton Press| year= 1998| id = ISBN 1-86019-87-5-9| language = Transclusion error: {{ En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Gardiner Robert (ed.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

) | title = Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922—1946| location = London, England| publisher = Conway Maritime Press| year = 1987| id = ISBN 0-85177-146-7| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Polmar Norman| title = Aircraft Carriers — A History of Carrier Aviation and its Influence on World Events Vol.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

1, 1909—1945| location = Dulles, Virginia| publisher = Potomac Bools Inc| year = 2006| id = ISBN 1-57488-663-0| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)


Question: When was the US first cruiser lowered into the waters?

USS Langley (CV-1)

References Category:United States Navy aircraft carriers Category:Pacific wrecks Category:United States World War II aircraft carriers


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Ethics (, from the word, Ēthos, established customs) is a field of study that studies morality and related issues such as principles of ethical action, right and wrong, good living, and the nature of values and ethical claims.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[1] Traditionally, Western ethics is a sub-field of philosophy.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Western ethics and its study are also referred to as moral philosophy, moral doctrine, or philosophical ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Ethics is tied to other thinking in that answers to ethical questions often depend on answers to questions about the perception of reality or other aspects of thinking.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[1] The three key areas of ethics studied within Western analytic philosophy are metaethics, which studies ethical concepts and the nature and basis of moral language, normative ethics, which determines ethical norms, i.e., rules, and applied ethics, which studies application of ethical values.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[2] Other aspects of ethics include a descriptive, or descriptive, ethics that seeks to explain human action in practice.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The theory of value studies the nature of values.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

General Ethics Basic Questions How should we live?


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

How should other individuals be treated?


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

What should be included in the scope of ethical reflection?


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

What makes an act right or wrong?


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

What do we mean when we say we should do something or that we should not do something?


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to what principle should an actor choose what acts he or she commits?


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

What ethical rules should he follow?


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Key terms related to ethics Altruism refers to putting the interest of others before self-interest.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

It is the opposite of egoism, that is, self-interest thinking.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Anthropocentric means a human-centered perspective on ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to this traditional view, objects of nature other than man are not considered intrinsic.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Value indicates an ideal, thing considered to be pursued, characteristic, or state of affairs.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Often values are divided into intrinsic values pursued for their own sake and tools for achieving set goals.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Sometimes there is also talk of unwanted unvalues.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Biocentric, or nature-centric.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

A view that considers the intrinsic value of living nature as a starting point.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Its opposite is anthropocentric ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Hedonism means the pursuit of pleasure and valuing pleasure as a moral end.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Virtue is a morally valuable character trait, for example courage or righteousness.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Individualism is individualism, while collectivism focuses on the morality of the community as a whole.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The norm, that is, a moral code, e.g. do not steal.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Modern Trends in Ethics Metaethics Metaethics is a subfield of ethics that studies the nature of moral criticisms and theories, the terms of their validity, and the origin and meaning of ethical concepts.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Metaethics explores questions and possibility of moral philosophy above all from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and philosophical and empirical moral psychology.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The field of metaethics includes theoretical underlying assumptions in other areas of ethics, and questions about the possibility of moral concepts at all.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Metaethical positions include moral cognitivism and non-cognitivism, ethical realism or value-objectivism, ethical or value subjectivism, and ethical internalism and externalism.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Normative ethics Normative ethics is the philosophical study of ethical norms.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

It seeks to answer the question of what, by and large, is a morally right and wrong action.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Theories of normative ethics attempt to express, on a general level, why certain acts or types of action are right or wrong.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The most well-known theories of normative ethics are usually divided into three categories: obligation ethics, consequential ethics, and virtue ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[2] Obligation ethics, or deontological ethics, determines the moral value of actions based on the general principle justifying acts.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Obligation-ethical theory may give, for example, a specific list of acts that may or may not be committed (the rule may be, for example, “killing a conscious individual is always forbidden”).


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Obligation ethics may also provide one fundamental code of ethics under which other permanent code of ethics are derived.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Subgenres of obligation ethics include Kantian obligation ethics, contract theories, legal ethics, ethics based on divine revelation theory, and libertarian ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Consequential ethics Consequence ethics determine the moral value of actions based on the intended consequences of these acts.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The best-known form of consequential ethics is utilitarianism (engl.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

utility, “benefit”).


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Consequential ethics can set, for example, ethical action as the guiding principle that one must always strive to commit the act which results in the greatest possible benefit for all people.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Principles such as this differ from obligation ethics in that, according to the ethics of duty, some certain acts are always prohibited, whereas it follows from the basic principle of consequential ethics that someone normally regarded as an act of disapproval may, in some certain situations, be morally impermissible acceptable.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Subspecies of utilitarianism include actiutilitarianism and ruleutilitarianism.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Virtue ethics Virtue ethics asks what virtues a morally functioning individual should possess.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Qualities considered virtues may include things like benevolence, courage, and reasonableness.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Representatives of virtue ethics include Aristotle.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to Aristotle, an individual should behave virtuously and develop virtues, instead of simply committing individual good deeds.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Aristotle's work The Ethics of Nicomakhus, for example, places emphasis on context like later situational utilitarianism — an act that is right in some situation might be wrong in some other situation.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

In contrast to such thinking, one can consider the ethics of Immanuel Kant, which focuses mostly on individual acts.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Descriptive ethics Descriptive, or descriptive ethics, is the empirical examination of the moral action and thought of human beings, i.e. moral agents.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Descriptive ethics may include examining rules of ethics, judicial and mediation practices, and value choices made by ordinary individuals in ordinary life situations.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

At the same time, descriptive ethics approaches social psychology, sociology, social sciences, political research, and economics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Applied Ethics Applied ethics is a philosophical trend, particularly in the late 20th century, which seeks to seek answers to practical ethical dilemmas by applying theories of philosophical ethics in the analysis of practical situations.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Examples of ethical dilemmas in practice include abortion, animal rights, euthanasia, military service, and cloning.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Theories of normative ethics such as obligation ethics or utilitarianism can be applied to practical problems.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

One form of applied ethics is what is known as casuistics, or case-by-case ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Traditional theories may be considered ill-suited to complex problems in practice.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

However, knowledge of moral philosophical problems and principles is considered useful when solving practical ethical problems.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Areas of applied ethics include medical ethics, bioethics, business ethics, environmental ethics, human rights, animal rights, communication ethics, research ethics, legislative ethics, love ethics, situational ethics, sports ethics, and international ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Other Ethics Trends In addition, there are other kinds of trends in Western ethics that have arisen in part as a criticism of the notions presented above.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

These newer approaches include at least the following trends: Feminist ethics Global ethics Continental ethics Pragmatist ethics, from whose perspective theories of ethics can be studied scientifically.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[3] History Ethics is considered to have entered Western philosophy with the involvement of Socrates and sophists in the 4th century BCE.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The so-called pre-socratics that lived before this encompassed philosophy mainly as natural philosophy, i.e., physics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

In antiquity, philosophy was often divided into physics, ethics, and dialectics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Today, ethics is a major part of both analytical and continental philosophy.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Ancient ethics The central concept in all ancient Greek culture and ancient ethics was virtue (aretē).


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

It meant all kinds of character goodness and excellence.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The traditional four virtues were practical wisdom, reasonableness, fairness, and valor.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Many sophists concluded that traditional moral values were merely manners and agreements, and that the most useful thing was to live according to one's own interests and even if acting unfairly if you didn't catch it.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The moral philosophical systems of Plato and Aristotle can be seen as systematic attempts to meet this challenge.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] In Plato's early dialogues, Socrates is presented as searching above all else for the meaning of key concepts of morality such as “virtue”, “justice” and “piety”.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Plato linked virtues to the harmony of the soul, and such a virtuous life was best for the soul.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Aristotle considered happiness (eudaimonia) to be the highest end of human life.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

A virtuous life was about living on a “golden mean” guided by reason.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] During the period of Hellenistic philosophy, ethics became the principal object of philosophy.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The Epicuroans associated good with pleasure, advocating hedonism.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

For the Stoics, a good life was living according to “natural law” or “nature”.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Like cynics, they held that goodness is contained in the state of the soul itself — wisdom and self-discipline.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Thus their view aligned with Plato and Aristotle in that living according to nature was living according to reason.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] Christian ethics The moral philosophy of medieval Europe seeks to combine Christian ethics with ancient ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The most famous synthesis was formed by Thomas Aquinese, who saw Aristotle's teleological human goal, happiness, as the same as bliss in the presence of God.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

God was the ultimate goal of everything.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Thomas determined four cardinal virtues and three theological virtues.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The cardinal virtues were the same as in ancient Greece.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

They are natural, declared in nature, and apply to all humans.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[5] The theological virtues were faith, hope and love.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

They are supernatural in nature and stand out from other virtues in that their object is God.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Intellectual and moral virtues, on the other hand, are conceivable by our reason.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Because of this, theological virtues are distinctly distinct from them.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[6] Ethical Naturalism and Utilitarianism British 17th- and 18th-century moral philosophers sought the basis of morality from nature.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The main questions were whether morality was based on man's ultimate self-love or benevolence, and whether moral criticisms were based on reason or emotion.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] Thomas Hobbes considered men to be egotistical by their ultimate nature, and morality had no value to him unless it was guaranteed by political authority.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Hobbes's view was opposed both by rationalist believers in the guidance of reason (Samuel Clarke, Ralph Cudworth) and by arguments that believe in the benevolence of man (Lord Shaftesbury, Francis Hutcheson).


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

David Hume represents the culmination of the British moral philosophy of the time.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

For him, the central ethical concept was the pan-human “sympathy”, the ability to put himself in the position of others.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] Jeremy Bentham was the first shaper of modern utilitarianism.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

For him, the “principle of usefulness” was the touchstone of all morality and legislation.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Bentham emphasized the pleasure principle as guiding human behavior.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Another significant figure for the development of utilitarianism is John Stuart Mill, who expanded on Bentham's original idea, and considered pleasures to differ not only in quantity but also in quality.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] Kantian and post-Kant ethics Immanuel Kant's ethics and its essential component, the categorical imperative, were a stark contrast to utilitarianism.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to Kant, the only good thing in itself was “good will”, which motivated a person to do his own duty solely for its own sake.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

His moral obligations man was capable of reasoning with his mind.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Thus Kantian ethics sets itself against not only utilitarianism but against all ethical naturalism.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] Among Kant's post-19th-century German philosophers Arthur Schopenhauer, G. W. F. Hegel, and Friedrich Nietzsche, is united by opposition to Kantian ethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Schopenhauer countered that Kant separated morality from human natural sensations.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to Hegel, man may have wanted anything to be a universal law consistent with the categorical imperative, and the detection of contradiction could only be because moral values were already given.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to Hegel, they came from social institutions and practices.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

For him, ethics was first and foremost a social phenomenon.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] For Nietzsche, one “morality” did not exist, there were only different morals.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] Modern ethics In contemporary philosophy, the primary interest of moral philosophers has been metaethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

G.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

In his book Principia Ethica, E. Moore criticized the so-called naturalistic error inference (compare Hume's law).


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to him, the good cannot be identified with any natural attribute.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

According to Bertrand Russell, ethical expressions do not concern facts outside the mind, but were about sensations and desires.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Emotivists such as A. J. Ayer and Charles Stevenson supported this idea.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] However, traditional moral theories have also experienced a new coming.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

R.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

M. Hare has held that the universality of moral language attaches us to a kind of utilitarianism.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Robert Nozick (libertarianism) and Ronald Dworkin have emphasized rights over consequences.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

John Rawls's theory of fairness re-introduced contract theories into the arena of ethical debate, and they have also been written about by David Gauthier, among others.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

The Neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics have been written by G.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

E.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

M. Anscombe, Philippa Foot and Rosalind Hursthouse.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

[4] Sources Literature in Finnish Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Airaksinen, Timo| title = Moral Philosophy | location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1987| id = ISBN 951-0-14505-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Baggini , Julian & Fosl, Peter S.| title = Little Giant of Ethics | publisher = So & thus books 2012| year = | id = ISBN 978-952-5503-73-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Heinimäki, Jaakko| title = Pocket ethic| location = Helsinki| publisher = Bookworks| = 2012| id = ISBN 978-952-247-322-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Häyry, Heta & Häyry, Matti| title = Good, beautiful, true — philosophy of values| location = Helsinki| publisher = University Weight| year = 1997| id = ISBN 951-570-357-3}} Citation error, replace with {citation ite book| author = Häyry, Matti| title = Good Life and Correct Behavior: Historical Introduction to Moral Philosophy | location = Helsinki| publisher = University print| year = 2002| id = ISBN 951-570-517-7}} Malik, Kenan: (The Quest for a Moral Compass.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

A Global History of Ethics, 2014).


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

English. Tapani Kilpeläinen.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Tampere: so & thus, 2016.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

ISBN: 978-952-7189-06-1 Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Oksanen, Markku & Launis, Veikko & Sajama, Seppo (ed.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

) | title = Ethics reading| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-952-495-156-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pietarinen, Juhani & Poutanen, Seppo| title = Theories of Ethic| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamen us| year = 2005| version = (4th ed., 1st edition 1996) | id = ISBN 951-662-741-2}} English introductory works Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Arrington, Robert L.| title = Western ethics: An historical introduction| location = Oxford| publisher = Blackwell| year = 1998| id = ISBN 0-631-19415-0} } Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Baggini, Julian & Fosl, Peter S.| title = The ethics toolkit: A compendium of ethical concepts and methods| location = Oxford| publisher = Blackwell| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-0-631-22874-}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| k| author = Blackburn, Simon| title = Being good: A short introduction to ethics| location = Oxford| publisher = Oxford University Press| year = 2001| id = ISBN 0-19-285377-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Blackburn, Simon| title = Ethics: A very short introduction| location = Oxford| publisher = Oxford University Press| year = 2003| id = ISBN 0192804421}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Gensler, Harry J.| title = Ethics: A contemporary introduction| location = London| publisher = Routledge| year = 1998| id = ISBN 0-415-15624-6}} Citation, error replace with {{cite book| author = Harman, Gilbert| title = The nature of morality: An introduction to ethics| location = New York| publisher = Oxford University Press| year = 1977| id = ISBN 0-19-502143-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = McNaughton, David| title = Moral vision: An introduction to ethics| location = Oxford| publisher = Blackwell| year = 1988| id = ISBN 0-631-15408-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Norman, Richard| title = The moral philosophers: An introduction to ethics| location = Oxford| publisher = Oxford University Press| year = 1998| version=2nd edition| id = ISBN 0-19-875217-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Singer, Peter (ed.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

) | title = A companion to ethics| location = Oxford| publisher = Blackwell| year = 1993| id = ISBN 0-631-18785-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Williams, Bernard| title = Morality: An introduction to ethics| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1972| id = ISBN 0-521-21201-4}} Other works in English Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Darwall, Stephen L.| title = Philosophical ethics| location = Boulder| publisher = Westview Press| year = 1998| id = ISBN 0-8133-7860-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = La Follette, Hugh (ed.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

) | title= Blackwell guide to ethical theory| location = Oxford| publisher = Blackwell| year = 1999| id = ISBN 978-0-631-20119-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rachels, James| title = The elements of moral philosophy| location = Boston| publisher = McGraw-Hill| year = 2009| title = The elements of moral philosophy| location = Boston| publisher = McGraw-Hill| | version=Fifth edition| id = ISBN 0-07-312547-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Singer, Peter| title = Practical ethics| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1993| version=2nd edition (first edition 1979).


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Third reprint 1999| id = ISBN 0-521-43363-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tännsjö, Torbjörn| title = Understanding ethics: An introduction to moral theory| location = Edinburgh| publisher = Edinburgh University Press| year = 2008| version = 2nd edition| id = ISBN 0-7486-3689- 7| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

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Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

On topic elsewhere.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Topical writings and other material on bioethics.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Finnish writings on ethics, especially the ethics of media and communication.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

BBC.


Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

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Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

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Question: How is a universal problem defined?

Ethics

Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

Mujahidin, also mujahedin or mujahideen (, oik. muāhidīn) means Islamic fighters, Muslims waging jihad, warriors of faith (singular mujahid).


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

[1] [2] Afghanistan The most famous context for the word is found in the 1979—1989 Afghan War, in which mujahidin guerrillas fought Soviet occupation forces as well as the Communist government of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan brought to power by it.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

The guerrillas who represented various Islamic factions were supported first and foremost by Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and the United States.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

President Ronald Reagan called the mujahidins 'Afghan freedom fighters'.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

Olivier Roy estimated that in the fourth year of the war there were at least 4000 camps from which the mujahidin forces operated.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

Most of these operated under seven exiled parties in Pakistan.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

Prominent commanders had 300 or larger contingents of men under their command and several camps.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

Attempts were made to organize troops under various commanders, allowing Commander Ahmad Shah Massoud to command 10,000 men at a time during the final stages of the war in the Panjshir Valley area north of Kabul.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

In some other situations, the male number of unified forces could increase to ten thousand after the harvest season.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

This happened, among other things, during extensive Soviet invasions in the eastern provinces and during the siege of the city of Khost.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

The Mujahideen won the war in 1989 as Soviet forces retreated, and the fall of Mohammad Najibullah's government in 1992.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

However, a unified regime was unable to organize and the conflict continued as a civil war until the Taliban movement conquered the country in 1996 under Mohammed Omar.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

The Iraq Mujahideen designation has also been used for Iraqi guerrilla forces fighting the U.S. occupation and the government it imposes.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

Mujahidin forces have been joined by fighters from both Iraqi Sunni and Shiite Muslims.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

The term was specifically used for combatants who fought during the Siege of Fallujah against U.S. Marines in April 2004.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

After the U.S. retreat, the Mujahideen patrolled the city and oversaw the implementation of Sharia law.


Question: What does mujahidin mean?

Mujahid

Sources Category:Islamism Class:Military missions


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Teuvo Tulio (originally Theodor Antonius Deroschinsky-Tugai [1] [2] 23 August 1912, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire — 8 June 2000, Helsinki) was a Finnish film director, cutter, screenwriter and actor.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[1] By his roots he was Latvian [3] and in Latvia he is known as Teodors Turlajs.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tugai moved to Finland as a young boy with his mother's new marriage.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Biography Youth Theodor Tugai was born in 1912 to Turkish-Polish-Persian-Latvian parents on a train bound for St. Petersburg from Riga.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

His mother was ballet dancer Helena Garschin.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

His father was Aleksander Tugai.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The parents entered into their marriage only at the insistence of Theodor's mother's parents, and it did not last long.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

At the time Theodor was born, his mother was 18 years old.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[4] Theodor grew up in rural Latvia on his mother's parents' farm.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[5] The mother did not enjoy the countryside, but moved to St. Petersburg to establish a career as a ballerina.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

She married Peter Derodzinsky, a Polish officer whose surname Theodor used when he moved with his mother to Helsinki.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

From the surname of the stepfather, whom Theodor never met, the misconception arose that he was a commoner.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[4] The mother did not visit her son very often and Theodor grew up as his grandfather's pet.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The boy learned to care for cattle even when he was small and was especially interested in horses.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The skill he adopted as a child in handling horses came in handy during the early stages of a film career in which Theodor played a Roma man.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

When Theodor reached the age of ten, the boy was wanted to be put in grammar school in Riga, where an uncle working as a businessman was willing to provide an apartment.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The mother had married Finnish Alarik Rönnqvist and wanted her son to move in with her in Helsinki.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[6] The family took up residence in Katajanokka, Helsinki in 1922.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The move wasn't easy for a boy accustomed to country life.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Linguistic skills were not helpful either, Theodor knew Latvian, Russian and German, but Finnish and Swedish were not spoken in Helsinki at all.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The school was doing well, as the students were international backgrounds, but it was difficult on the streets of Katajanokka.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Other children berated him for his appearance as Mongolian or Kyrgyz and often things were resolved with fists.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Theodor later recalled redeeming his place in the Katajanoka boy community with his very fists.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[7] During his teenage years, he became friends with Valentin Vaala, a skating rink partner three years older.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

They had both studied at the same Finnish-Russian school of Tabunov, and Theodor Tugai had continued his studies at the German School in Helsinki.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[8] At the skating rink, the boys were inspired to discuss films, which lived as an art form during its boom in the 1920s.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Both liked Chaplin and adventure films, especially those that starred Tom Mix and William S. Hart.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Left out of his Polish officer-stepfather's surname Tugai just around this time, he was now briefly Tugai.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[9] Actor Young Vaala and Tugai started working on joint films.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

They think an exotic adventure film should be placed in the Roma community.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Vaala had had time to direct school plays so it seemed natural that he would direct the film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Any idea of how much effort and money it would take to make a film, the boys didn't have.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

They figured things would take care of themselves.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[10] The necessary financiers were found in the related party.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

One was Armas Villamo, a Tugai family acquaintance, and the other was Oskar Lindelöf, who sold photographic paraphernalia and made small-scale documentary films, who also agreed to borrow a camera.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

As Vaala was a self-entitled director, Tugai was allowed to play the role of male head, which he prepared for by, among other things, imitating Greta Garbo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The female lead was played by Regina Ekroth.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The manuscript lovers drafted together.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film was renamed Black Eyes and was completed in 1929.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio felt that the film was very successful from first-timers.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

It was also praised by a critic from Firebearers magazine.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Vaala had a different opinion on the matter and threw a copy and negative of the film into the sea at Kaivopuisto beach.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[11] However, the friends were left with an enthusiasm to make new films and decided to make another film on the same theme.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The new film was given the name Gypsy Murmaja.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio played the male lead again and he later recalled that neither actor gifts were needed for the role.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Meri Hackzell, Alli Riks and Hanna Taini were hired for female roles.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Hanna Taini was Tulio's acquaintance and became a star actress in Finnish cinema.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Kalle Hagert arranged for Roma to be assistants for the film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film tells the story of strife and love between rival Roma tribes.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

For the duration of filming, the cinematographers and actors lived in a Roma camp.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Premiered the film was awarded in 1929.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[12] The new film, Laveata Road, was already made more professionally.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Villamo continued to act as financier, who also had relations with Suomi-Film's leadership.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Through them, Vironkatu's studio and new recording equipment were made available.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Also, operating credit for cinematography was arranged through Villamo's relations.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tugai played the male lead in the film, a violinist.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The female actors were familiar from the previous films.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The premiere was in 1931.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film was moderately successful but made a loss due to its expensive production costs.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[13] Next, Vaala and Tugai were inspired by the ideas of the Firebearers, and they also became friends with them.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The Firebearers felt that Tugai and Vaala were avant-gardists of Finnish cinema.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Mika Waltari had written a short story that had not been published and offered it to Vaala and Tugai to film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Based on the short story, the film Blue Shadow was born, which premiered in 1933.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[14] Finland was experiencing a period of economic depression and it was difficult to obtain financiers, among other things the old mesenate Armas Villamo was in financial difficulties.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Props were acquired by borrowing furniture and carpets from Tugai's mother.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Professional actors such as Aku Korhonen, Eino Jurkka and Uuno Laakso were cast in the side parts.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

One actor was Carl von Haartman, who had attempted a career in Hollywood.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tugai boldly played a dual role as brothers, one good and the other depraved.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The female lead was played by Bigi Nuotio and one role played by Regina Linnanheimo, a schoolmate from Tugai's German school.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[15] Vaala and Tugai's collaboration in the film industry ended in Blue Shadow.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Vaala received a job offer from Suomi-Film and accepted it.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

In financial terms, Vaala and Tugai had not benefited from their films, but gained almost purely valuable work experience.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tugai's mother said she hoped her son would now stop tinkering with films and get himself a place to study.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tugai wasn't interested in studying; he hoped to continue making films.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[16] His last acting performance Tugai made in 1935 in the film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The role in the film Tugai got by chance.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

While he was spending an evening at a restaurant on the Helsinki Stock Exchange, he was approached by George Schnéevoigt from Denmark, who asked if he would like to play a role in a film about to be shot in Norwegian Lapland.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Schnéevoigt had heard somewhere that Tugai was a linguistic and experienced film actor.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The reward for the role would be significantly better than the Finnish.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[17] Filming began in Kirkenes, Norway, which was reached after a heavy sea voyage from Bergen.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Soon the director announced that better filming locations had been found on the Finnish side, Liinahamar, Petsamo, where the film crew moved again by sea.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The shoot had its own trifles: the reindeer horn promised as a prop was nowhere to be found, nor was the wolf pack needed in one scene.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

At times again, the cinematographers, the finance manager and the director left the entire cast to their own devices.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[18] The bored acting troupe of his idle time filled with drunkenness.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

At some evening sit-ins, Tugai boasted that, as a Finn, he could swim in any cold water.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

He proved this by jumping into the Arctic Ocean.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Bathing went well at first, of course, but access to shore was not successful.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The drunken acting entourage was unable to help from the beach and the situation already looked dangerous.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The situation had been monitored from a nearby fish factory and a boat troupe went from there to rescue the future pilot.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[19] On a filming trip on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, Tugai had contemplated the transition to director.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

He was interested in the works of Johannes Linnankoski and their dramaticism and a certain mysticism.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

He saw in them the possibility of films, the likes of which had never been made in Finland before.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[20] Early years of the director's career Teuvo Tulio's first directorial job was in 1936 Battle of Heikkilä House.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The screenplay is based on a short story by Johannes Linnankoski, which is a description of marriage hell.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The daughter of a large country house is not allowed to enter into a dysfunctional marriage with a reng, but is forced to marry a houseful boy.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The man is revealed to be a violent alcoholic.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[21] Starting your own production was not easy at a time when there were no known artist grants.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The financier found the most prominent man in the Finnish film industry at the time, Abel Adams, who had once moved from Rautalammi to North America under the name Aapeli Korhonen.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The deal was quickly sketched out: if the first film was successful, Adams would find money for the next one.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[22] The film starred Pentti Viljanen, Matti Lehtelä and Regina Linnanheimo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Regina Linnanheimo's choice for the female lead was criticized: she was considered an inexperienced amateur.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The screenplay was done by Yrjö Kivimies, Tulio and Regina Linnanheimo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film was thought to have been completely destroyed by the fire of film company Adams Film in 1959.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

However, in 2007 a film reel with snippets of the beginning and end of the film was found in the film archive.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio made a remake of the film in 1947 under the name Passion in Power, starring again as Regina Linnanheimo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[23] [24] Regina Linnanheimo was not only Tulio's longtime colleague, but also a life-time companion.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Their unconventional love affair began as both began their careers and lasted until the death of Linnantribe.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Linnantribe and Tulio never married, got engaged or even lived together.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Their relationship was not very common knowledge, as they did not publicly acknowledge or formalise it.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[25] Around the time of his first own guidance in 1936, the surname Tugai changed to Tulio.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The first name became established as Teuvo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The name Theodor had been too difficult for Finns, and Tulio had been referred to as Hoodor and Teutor between now and then.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Friend and longtime life partner Regina Linnanheimo used the name Fedja, in keeping with Russian practice.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[26] Tulio, who slept as a youngster, finished his next film in 1937.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The female lead was Regina Linnanheimo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film was based on the novel of the same name by Nobel laureate Frans Emil Sillanpää.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio went to see Sillanpää to get permission to film and the author gave his permission.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

He even wrote the novel's lines to better fit the film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[27] Tulio again used a lot of amateur actors in his film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

One side role featured footballer Kille Oksanen, who later starred in the film Song of the Scarlet Flower as the male lead.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Regina Linnanheimo played the female lead and was also working on the script.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

A lot of filming took place in Laajasalo, which was still rural at the time.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

They were interrupted when an explosion occurred in nearby Vallisaari.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio's film crew got its aftermath filmed and sold the film to news reviews.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[28] The film caused a wave of moral indignation in old circles, and it is from this film that the hay barn and hay myth of Finnish cinema may have originated.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

In the film, two young people make love in a heap of hay, something not previously seen in a domestic film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The scene was considered so brazen that the youth had to be guarded from seeing it.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The love scenes had to be re-cut, which Tulio felt ruined them.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

On the other hand, the film was praised: F.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

E. Sillanpää felt that the love scenes in the film were lyrically beautiful and counterweight to realism.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Financially, the film was very successful, many wanted to see what was actually angered about.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[29] Tulio's film has been destroyed and Jack Witikka directed his own version of the story in 1956 under the name Silja — who slept at a young age.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

When the noise about sleeping young had ceased, Tulio started working on a new film called Temptation.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The main part was scripted for Unto Salminen, who had done an impressive role work as Raskolnikov.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The screenplay was done by Yrjö Kivimies and Regina Linnanheimo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film tells the story of a young priest whose parish is in an archipelago.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Unable to resist temptation, the priest falls in love with a married young woman.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[30] The film's winter scenes were filmed in islands off Helsinki, such as Särkää and Harakka.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

In the summer, filming was filmed in Daughter Island where rains slowed down filming.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film premiered in 1938.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

It wasn't exactly a success because the subject matter didn't interest the audience.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

It didn't produce a loss and it didn't produce much of a win.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

This film ended the collaboration between Tulio and Abel Adams.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

All copies of the film were believed to have been destroyed in the 1959 Adams film fire.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[31] In 2015, a short 20-minute snippet of the film was found in the French Film Archive.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[32] Producer-Director Tulio and Abel Adams had their collaboration ceased in all friendship, a written agreement they had never even made.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Adams was pleased with Tulio and gifted him a large sum of cash money.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio had long had a return to Johannes Linnankoski's subjects and he decided to turn this novel Song of the Scarlet Flower into a film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

It had already been filmed twice in Sweden, but in Finland this classic Don Juan theme had not been caught.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[33] In order to get the right to make a film, Tulio needed a lawyer.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The Linnankoski Perikunta had sold the film rights of the novel to Svensk Filmindustri without time constraints.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The company was unyielding at first.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Permission to make a film would not come.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

After negotiations, an agreement was reached that Tulio will be allowed to make a Finnish version of the story, but Swedish versions of the story may not be made anywhere but Sweden.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[34] The script for the film was again written by Yrjö Kivimies and Regina Linnanheimo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio, too, was working on the script.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The lead was played by Kille Oksanen, who had to be persuaded to become an actor this time.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Oksanen had envisioned himself playing a legball ground match, for which he had been promised a gold watch as a reward.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio's offer drew a longer corre, however.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[35] It took many female actors to play the women seduced by the protagonist Olav.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

They were played by Rakel Linnanheimo, Nora Mäkinen, Bigi Nulotio, Maire Ranius, Mirjam Kuosmanen and Sylvi Palo.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Filming went well, but towards the end of it, a supportive swimming scene caused a huge swamp into the river that served as the filming location.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The backlog had to be blown up with dynamite, which became very expensive.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The song about the scarlet flower premiered in 1938.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film received 730000 viewers in Finland.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[36] Since Tulio's first three films for the most part have been lost, Peter von Bagh Song of the Scarlet Flower is a kind of primeval fashion for Tulio's art.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Persons are presented laid out against a cloud background, people's eyes are either filled with rage or fervor, the film features sin, eroticism, virility, stale arrangements of morality and regulation, and religiosity.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The family idyll is symbolised by a dog and erotica is represented by a sauna chamber where a woman races with a man as an equal.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The man appears daunting and boastful.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[37] Eino Jurkka and Tulio met in town by chance.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Jurkka suggested to Tulio that he could direct the film based on the popular comic book, Vihtor and Klaara.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Jurkka had played Vihtori in the theatre and became Vihtori in the film.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The claar was played by Verna Piponius.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Other roles starred Nora Mäkinen, Turo Kartto, Kirsti Hurme, Tauno Majuri, Aku Peltonen and Leo Lähteenmäki.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[38] In order to preserve cartoonish features such as running on the roofs of houses, trickshap photography was needed.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

However, Finland lacked the equipment needed for trickle photography, such as background projectors.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

In addition, substitute actors were hired for dangerous scenes.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Surprisingly, it turned out to be the most difficult to find a huge number of containers to destroy.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Whenever Klaara really often became enraged, she destroyed dishes.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Vihtori and Klaara premiered in 1939.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The film produced well financially, but Tulio decided that would not make any more farces.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[39] War years At the beginning of the Winter War Tulio was on front service.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

He did not get into the most fierce battles, but got an idea of what war was like.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

In April 1940 he was ordered to Helsinki to train liftmen and demobilisation took place in May.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[40] During the intermediate peace, the film Dream in the Cattle House was born.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulio, after the Winter War, was of the opinion that now the people needed romance.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Kille Oksanen played the male lead, but finding a presenter for the female lead was difficult.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The female lead was played by Sirkka Salonen, who was both Miss Finland and Miss Europe.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The screenplay was based on a play by Henning Ohlsson.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[41] The Continuation War suspended Tulio's own production for four years.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Of his war years, Tulio stated that they did not involve any heroics, but was afraid of fulfilling duty.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

His war service Tulio did in the Information Company as a TK cameraman.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[42] During the attack phase, Tulio found himself in a dangerous situation while filming, when the camera crew encountered a Soviet extermination patrol in Finnish gun suits.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Tulion managed to throw himself into a ditch, but the other two Finns fell.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The case involved absolutely incredible luck: Tulio survived the situation without a scratch, but his sweater had 35 bullet holes.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The blouse was stored for a long time in the studio, but it was probably lost when cleaning.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Another incident arose when, during the station warfare phase, Tulio was making propaganda aimed at Soviet soldiers using a loudspeaker car.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Soviet troops headed to the car with fire cannons and the car was destroyed.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The driver died, but Tulio survived without a scratch.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[43] By the way, the war of position was an easy time for the TK man.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

Reportages were written about frontmen and conditions in East Karelia and Tulio met Olavi Paavolainen and Mannerheim.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

The company also included Unto Varjonen, Pekka Tiilikainen and Martti Haavio.


Question: What city did Mirjami Kuosmanen grow up in?

Teuvo Tulio

[44] Melodrama years After the end of the Continuation War, Tulio returned to films.