Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2001, Nông Ðức Mạnh became party leader.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In the 2006 elections, Nguyễn Minh Triệt was elected president and Nguyễn Tạn Dồng as prime minister.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Politics and Governance Vietnam is a socialist one-party state.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The Communist Party of Vietnam (), along with the National Liberation Front, the Vietnamese Trade Unions, the Hồ Chí Minh Youth Union, and a few religious groups, forms the Vietnamese Motherland Front (), which holds a leading position as defined by the constitution.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

At the head of the party are the Secretary-General and the 15-member Politburo.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The party meets at party conferences every five years and then elects a 150-member Central Committee, which also elects the Politburo.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[27] The most important posts in Vietnam are the General Secretary of the Communist Party, the President of Vietnam and the Prime Minister of Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Domestic politics In the 2001 constitution, the party's position is no longer as strong, but was subordinated to the constitution and laws.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

According to the constitution, the National Assembly is the highest state body.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

It is a 496-member unicameral parliament, elected for five-year terms.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The President, the Prime Minister, the Cabinet, the procurators of the Supreme People's Court, as well as the supervisory body are appointed by the National Assembly.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[27] There are multi-candidate elections in Vietnam, but in order to get an official candidacy you have to get the support of the Fatherland Front.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Approximately 75% of the members of the National Assembly are party members.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[27] Foreign policy During the Vietnam War, North Vietnam's two most prominent allies were the Soviet Union and China.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

However, relations with neighboring China began to deteriorate during China's Cultural Revolution.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 1979, Vietnam was at war with both China and its backed Cambodia.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

After these wars, Vietnam's relations with the Soviet Union and its allies the SEV states became even closer.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Throughout the 1980s, Vietnam received financial assistance from the Soviet Union and SEV countries of nearly three million dollars a year.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Aid stopped after the collapse of the Soviet Union.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[28] Vietnam's international relations improved after the country withdrew from Cambodia in 1989.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 1991, Vietnam established economic and diplomatic relations with many ASEAN and Western European countries.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In the same year, Vietnam and China began joint efforts to improve their relations.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Today, Vietnam has diplomatic relations with 164 states.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In the 1990s, Vietnam sought to join global diplomatic and economic networks.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

It joined the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the Asian Development Bank.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In July 1995, Vietnam was accepted as a member of ASEAN and has also been active in AFTA and ASEM ever since.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In the same year, Vietnam also restored normal relations with the United States and entered into a framework agreement with the European Union.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Vietnam, a member of the UN, has already been since 1977.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[28] [29] Vietnam's foreign relations continue to be chafed by a dispute over archipelagos in the South China Sea, where there are potentially extensive oil sources in their territory.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Vietnam, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Brunei and Taiwan all have their own claims to the territory of the Spratly and Paracel Islands.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[28] The border with Cambodia in respect of maritime areas remains subject to controversy, as is the case with China, although the allocation of fishing waters was broadly agreed as early as 2004.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[1] Armed Forces males aged 18 have compulsory two-year conscript service.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Women can go into military service as volunteers.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2005, the country spent 2.5 percent of its national product on military spending.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[1] Air Force equipment has been sourced from Russia, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, the United States, Poland, Spain, as well as France.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Vietnam was once the most intense air warfare in its region, but today the stock is starting to be severely outdated.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[30] The Navy has frigates from Russia and Myanmar and other ships from Russia and the Soviet Union.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2009, the Vietnamese Army ordered six submarines from Russia and in 2009—10 twenty destroyers.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[31] [32] It has pre-existing Yugo-class submarines acquired from North Korea dating back to 1997.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[33] Territorial division See also: Provinces of Vietnam Vietnam is divided administratively into 58 provinces () and five separate county-level urban areas ().


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Counties are often grouped into eight informal groups or regions, but these areas have no administrative significance.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The regions are as follows (in brackets population in 2009): [34] Tây Bắc (“Northwest Region”) — four inland provinces in the China-Laos border region (2.7 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Đông Bắc (“northeastern region”) — 11 mountainous provinces (9.4 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Đồng Bảng Sông Hồng (“Red River Delta”) — 9 densely populated provinces and the capital Hanoi (18 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Bắc Trung Bần (“northern part of the central coast”) — 6 provinces in the narrow central part (10 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Nam Trung Bảng (“southern part of the central coast”) — 5 coastal provinces and Đà Nang (7 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Tây Nguyên (“central highlands”) — 5 mountainous inland provinces inhabited by ethnic minorities (5.1 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Đông Nam Bắng (“southeastern region”) — parts of the southern lowland north of the Mekong Delta, 7 provinces and the city of Hồ Chí Minh, or former Saigon (16 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Đồng Bảng Sông Cầu Long (“Mekong River Delta”) — 12 densely populated provinces and a county-level metropolitan city of Cần Thị (17 million).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The provinces are governed by the People


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

It elects the Provincial People's Committee, the executive body of provincial administration.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Provincial administrations operate under the central government.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Human rights The Communist Party of Vietnam bowed in 2006 in the face of pressure for freedom of expression.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In this case, opposition movements, underground newspapers, human rights groups and Group 8406, which calls for democracy, emerged.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Two trade union movements also emerged, accusing the party of forcing people into free labour by seizing farmlands for the service of industry.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Strikes broke out, after which wages were increased but “subversive elements” captured hundreds, according to Human Rights Watch.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The situation continues to be similar, with several individuals sentenced to prison sentences of up to 16 years in January 2010.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Phạm Thanh Nghiên received a four-year sentence.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[35] [36] The US State Department in 2004 has characterized Vietnam's human rights record as poor (poor).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[37] Known Buddhist activist Thích Nhạt Hạnh returned from exile in 2005, but his supporters have accused police and authorities of persecution.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[38] Economy Overall strengths of Vietnam's economy include rich natural resources, affordable labor provided by a young population, rapid economic growth and a growing domestic market.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The downsides for business are considered corruption, inflation and undeveloped legislation and infrastructure.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[39] The country's foreign trade is diverse, unlike many developing countries living on a single product group.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] Most of Vietnam's mineral resources are located in the northern parts of the country.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The most significant minerals include anthracite, oil, and brown and coal.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[5] Vietnam's Central Bureau of Statistics estimates that in 2015, industry and construction contributed 33.25% of GDP, services 39.73% and agriculture, forestry and fisheries 17%.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[41] Major industrial products include food, clothing, footwear, machinery, mining, cement, chemicals and fertilizers, glass, tires, oil, coal, steel and paper.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] Vietnam's currency is đồng.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In February 2010, one euro received more than 25000 đồng.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[42] Consumer prices increased by as much as 23,1 per cent in 2008, and by about seven per cent in 2009.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The worst period of inflation was in the early 1990s, when consumer prices rose by as much as 700 per cent a year.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] Economic history After the unification of Vietnam, several communist economic experiments and a decline in Soviet subsidies led the country to near famine in the 1980s.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[2] [3] In 1986, the Đại mại economic reforms were initiated, which resembled China's market-friendly reforms.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[2] Vietnam is still a relatively closed economy.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] In 2000, the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange was established.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[43] Between 1993 and 2007, the number of poor people fell by almost two-thirds, and the rise in living standards in Vietnam has been considered to be among the fastest in the world.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Between 2001 and 2006, the economy grew at an average rate of 7.8 percent a year.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[2] Since 2000, inflation has also grown quite rapidly: in 2007 it was 12.7%.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[44] In 2006, agriculture only made up 20% of GDP, but it still uses 60% of the labour force.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2004, industry made up 40.1 percent of GDP, but employed only 12.9 percent.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Services accounted for 38.2 percent of gross domestic product.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Production industry, information technology and high technology are large and rapidly growing industries.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2006, for example, Intel invested a $1 billion microcircuit center in Vietnam, which is said to be the largest in the world.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[45] Corruption was still widespread in 2005, despite the anti-corruption struggle.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

At the time, Vietnam was judged to be lagging behind China in property rights, market regulation, and labor and financial market reforms.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[43] Vietnam's economy was plagued in 2005 by inefficient state-owned banks.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

At the time, Vietnam's economy used mostly cash and the country had only 300—400 ATMs used by 0.4% of Vietnamese.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The activities of foreign banks were very limited.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In September 2005, the decision was taken to begin partial privatisation of all five state-owned banks, along with other reforms.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[43] In 2008, rapid economic growth slowed because demand in an important export destination country in the United States contracted.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The growth was sustained by domestic consumption.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2009-10, Vietnam's economic growth was estimated to slow to around 5%, a good figure during the recession.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

However, statistics published by Vietnam are generally considered unreliable.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] Vietnam has sought to transition from among low-income countries to middle-income countries by 2010.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

To meet that target, Vietnam needs to double its gross domestic product in five years.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In the longer term, Vietnam aims to become an industrial state by 2020.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[44] Foreign trade Vietnam is one of the most open countries in Asia to free trade.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2009, exports ($56 billion according to the CIA estimate) and imports ($67 billion) total 133% of national product at the official exchange rate (92 billion) [1], which is three times China's equivalent percentage of 44% (Chinese exports 1194, imports 921 and GDP 4758 billion) [46] and more than four times India's share of 31% (Indian exports 155, imports 232 and GDP 1243 billion) [47].


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The value of exports in 2015 was 162.0 billion and imports were US$165.6 billion.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Foreign trade has risen very much in ten years, since in 2005 exports were valued at 32.4 billion dollars and imports were $36.8 billion.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[48] The biggest part of exports is to the United States, China and Japan.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[49] China, the Republic of Korea and Japan, on the other hand, import the most goods.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[50] In 2006, exports grew at a record level, valuing them at US$39.6 billion.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The drivers included crude oil, woodworking products, the footwear industry, the electricity sector, seafood, rice, rubber and coffee.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Vietnam is the world's second-largest rice exporter after Thailand.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[51] Exports of services have been on the rise.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The biggest rise has been in tourist exports.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2006 imports totaled 44 billion.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2009, exports totaled 56.6 billion and imports 68.8 billion, both were down from the previous year.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[52] More than $60 billion of foreign investment was made in 2008, but due to the international economic and competitive situation, the estimate for 2009 was only half of that.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

As of 2007, investment growth was influenced by WTO membership, political stability and strong economic growth.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The largest foreign investor in 2008 was Malaysia, followed by Taiwan, Japan and Singapore.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[53] [54] Agriculture Rice is by far the most important crop grown in over 60% of the acreage.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Rice is grown in the Mekong and Red River delta regions.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] In addition to rice, important crops include sweet potato and cassava.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

On the slopes of the Annam massif, tea, coffee and rubber are cultivated on plantations.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[5] The animal husbandry areas of Vietnam are the coastal areas of the northern and central parts.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Important domestic animals include poultry, pig, goat, sheep, and cattle.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In the southern parts of the country, the breeding of fish and crustaceans is also practiced.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] Transport The French built a road system in Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The roadway was badly damaged in the Vietnam War, but has been slowly improved since then.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

More than 10% of villages are without road access, and especially connections between northern and southern parts are poor.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[40] The first freeway opened in the early 2000s.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Highway 1, which runs from Hanoi to Ho Chí Minh City via Huế and Đà Nang, has been widened and re-paved recently.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The general speed limit is 40km/h in built-up areas and 60km/h elsewhere.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[55] Bicycles, scooters and motorcycles are the main means of movement.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The traditional tricycle rickshaw in cities, the cyclo, is becoming less common, especially in downtown areas, and in big cities they are increasingly focused on transporting tourists.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Motorcycle taxis () have come in their place.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[55] There are seven advanced ports in Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Vietnam has 17 civilian airports and international airports in Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi and Đà Nang.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[56] Vietnam has 2600 km of railways, [57] and the rail network connects to each other the country's other settlement and industrial centers except the Mekong River Delta.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

There is a rail link to the Chinese side from two points, Lào Cai and Lạng Sơn provinces.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

For the most part, the network is narrow-gauge with 1000mm gauge.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[57] There are a total of 431 kilometres of standard plates of 1435mm track, mostly north-east of Hanoi.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[57] Of this distance, 253 kilometres have been railed on both 1000mm and 1435mm rails.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[57] The train journey from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City takes 30—40 hours when the same journey is folded by air in a couple of hours.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[55] Vietnam, with Japanese support, plans to build a 1555 kilometre long high-speed rail line to connect the northern and southern parts of the country.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[58] Population According to an estimate by the Vietnam Central Bureau of Statistics in 2015, the country had a population of 91.71 million.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The population would have increased since 2014 by about 1.08%.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[59] 86% of the Vietnamese population are ethnically Vietnamese (according to the 1999 census).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The largest minority peoples include the Tàyū, which comprise 1.9%, the Thais 1.7%, the Mường 1.5percent, the Khmer 1.4percent, the Hoat 1.1%, the Nùngit 1.1%, and the Hmongs 1percent.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[1] A large minority are the Chinese, who have traditionally lived especially in the southern parts of the country and in major cities.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

For generations, the families who lived in the country have continued to maintain their own language and culture.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Since 1975, many Chinese have left the country, and perceptions of their current numbers vary.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In statistics, the population of Chinese origin is divided into three groups: huot, ngait and mountain san diut.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[60] Another large group of minorities are the mountain peoples living in the Middle Highlands, which are divided into about 50 groups and comprise Malay-Polynesian and Mon-Khmer languages speaking peoples.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[61] [62] The Chams that once ruled the Champa-state are divided into two regions.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The Chams living along the coast of Đông Nam Bản District are mostly Hindus, while the Muslim Cham population lives along the Cambodian border.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[63] The Chams differ from other ethnic groups in the region in addition to religion in their ethnic background and language and are closer to the Malay-Polynesians of the archipelago.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[64] According to the official 2009 census, 81.8% of Vietnamese did not practice any religion.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

7.9 percent of the population reported Buddhism as their religion and 6.6 percent as Catholicism.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

1.7% belonged to the Hoa Hao and 0.9% were adherents of the Cao Dai religion.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Protestants represented 0.9% of the population and Muslims represented 0.1% of the population.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[65] Public Health Maternal and infant mortality has recently declined.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Infant mortality has halved in 15 years, and almost all children are vaccinated against measles.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[16] According to the Vietnam Central Bureau of Statistics, infant mortality in 2015 was 14.7%.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[66] The expected lifespan, on the other hand, was 73.3 years.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[67] Up to 90 per cent of women take advantage of counselling services, and an increasing number of births take place with the assistance of a trained midwife.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

HIV infection rates are increasing at a 15 percent annual rate.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Malaria and tuberculosis, on the other hand, have been brought under control.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Malaria cases account for only a quarter of the number of infections in the mid-90s.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Access to clean water has increased from 26 per cent in the mid-90s to 70 per cent.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[16] Of adults, 0.4% have HIV/AIDS.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2012, 11700 lives died from AIDS.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[1] Between 2003 and 2006, dangerous avian influenza was detected in Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

It was found to have infected with certainty at least 93 people, 42 of whom perished.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[68] Other dangerous infectious diseases include bacterial diarrhea, dengue fever, hepatitis A, typhoid fever and leptospirosis.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[1] As Vietnam has been a developing country where malnutrition and infectious diseases continue to kill people, cancer and cardiovascular disease have not been high in its cause-of-death statistics.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

As living standards rise, statistics can change.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Smoking is common in the country: in 1994, 74% of men and 4% of women smoked.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Liver cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Attempts have been made to combat it with the help of a hepatitis B vaccine.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[69] Education Almost all children attend primary school, and the majority go on to secondary school.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The gender distribution is even in schools, universities and employment.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[16] Literacy rates in the country are quite high, and according to 2015 statistics, 94.9% of people over the age of 15 could read.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[70] In 2015, there were 445 college-level educational institutions in Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

A total of 2.1 million students studied in them.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[71] The oldest university in Vietnam is counted as Quốc Tần Giám (“Temple of Literature”), which began its operation in Hanoi in 1076.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

It was established in connection with a Confucian temple, and the Vietnamese Mandarin class was educated there for over 700 years.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[72] The oldest of the modern universities is the National University of Vietnam in Hanoi, whose tradition begins with the University of Indochina dating back to 1906.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[73] The largest university in the country is the National University of Vietnam located in Ho Chi Minh City, established in 1995 through the merger of several higher education institutions that operated in the city.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 2007, the university had over 45000 students.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[74] Culture and media in Vietnamese culture has Chinese, Christian and socialist influences.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The main feast day of the Vietnamese people in tạt (a new year based on the Vietnamese lunar cycle) is January or February.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The Buddha's birthday is celebrated during the full moon in the fourth month.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Holidays are very important.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

They are emphasized by processions and spectacular decorations.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

After North Vietnamese occupied South Vietnam, many traditions were banned, although cultural control was less than in China's Cultural Revolution.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Western influences were considered suspicious, and human rights organizations have drawn attention to writers imprisoned as dissidents.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[75] [76] After 1975, centres of popular culture were established in the country: cultural centres, reading rooms and cultural houses were sought to export even small villages.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[77] The Communist Party owns the media and censors the Internet.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Criticizing socialism is forbidden, and those who break the bans are imprisoned and tortured.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[78] Television is the most followed media.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Vietnam Television (VTV,) broadcasts from Hanoi, and its broadcast can be monitored via satellite over a wide area.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

There are also local television channels.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Online service providers are strictly controlled.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[79] At the end of 2009, 23 million Vietnamese had internet access, including three million broadband.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[52] The traditional festive attire of Vietnamese people is called áo dài, commonly held at weddings, new year celebrations and other festive occasions.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

At one time it was used by both men and women, but today mostly only by women.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[80] Áo tthân is an old common Vietnamese women's garment.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Khăn đạng is a headdress tied around the head and a nón lá cone-shaped hat.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

These hats are made from bleached straw and remain on the end of their wearer using a silk ribbon.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[81] Vietnamese food is different in different parts of the country.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The food of the North has been most influenced by China.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Pepper is used there when the Khmer-influenced dishes of the south include chilli and curry.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[83] The most famous dishes are available everywhere: noodle soup () and spring rolls ().


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

A common seasoning is fish sauce () or a more strongly scented crab sauce (or mắm tép).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Dogs, cats, rats, silkworms or snakes can also be eaten as health-affected food or special occasions.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[84] These are subject to many restrictions, for example dog meat is usually eaten only in winter and never during the first ten days of the lunar calendar month.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[85] Vietnamese names follow the form surname — medium name — given name; for example, Nguyễn Văn Anh.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The children get the last name from their father.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The instrument name tells about the sex of a person (in women most often Thi) or status in the family (firstborn, kuopus, second son).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[86] The form of speaking also differs from the truth.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The above person is referred to by a given name (“Anh”) rather than by a surname (“Nguyễn”).


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

When discussing a person, he is most often referred to by the whole name “Nguyễn Văn Anh”.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[87] Nguyễn is the most common surname of Vietnamese people.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Literature Reading is popular in Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The literacy rate is relatively high, with more than 18000 books appearing in the country every year.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The oldest literature in Vietnam is poetry created during the reign of the Chinese and recorded using the Chần Hán writing system.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Works on geography and history were also published on it.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The Chần Nôm style of writing flourished during the period of the Lê kings.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Introduced during the reign of the French, the quốc ngần script also marked liberation from forms of classical Chinese poetry.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Works by French writers (such as Balzac and Hugo) were translated into Vietnamese, and increased interest in modern literature in the early 20th century.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[88] During communist rule, socialist realism was adopted as the only permissible style.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Its defining manifesto was published in Vietnamese journals in 1934.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Socialist realism was brought from the Soviet Union by political idealists who wanted to turn literature into a political weapon.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

During the wars, socialist realism took on nationalist overtones.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Although it had been imported from France and the Soviet Union, it morphed into Maoist dogmatism over the years.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[25] Since the Đại mại reforms, Vietnamese literature has, on the one hand, enjoyed new freedoms, but on the other hand been subjected to commercial pressures.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Guidance on copyright and cost contract matters is poorly developed, with both domestic and foreign books being printed without the author receiving income from them.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[88] Music The forms of Vietnamese folk music include ca trù, quan họ, hát chầu văn and hát xầm.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Ca trù originated in 15th-century court music.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In it, the female singer is accompanied by a long-necked lute, a percussion instrument made of bamboo, and a drum.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Quan hường is a shift song between a girl group and a boy group.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Hát chầu văn is a religious-based combination of trance song and dance.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Hát xầm, or song of the blind singer, is inherited from the 13th century.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Its instruments include a bilingual violin, bamboo chesttanets, and drums.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[89] With economic reforms, pop music is also allowed, and there are many modern artists in Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Because copying CDs is common, musicians derive their income from concerts and television appearances.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[90] Theatre and Film Chinese culture has influenced North Vietnamese music and forms of opera.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Musical plays resembling Western musicals have been performed in South Vietnam in the 20th century.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The tradition of water puppet theatre was fading, but was revived again.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[91] Puppet theatre in these parts of Asia has extensive traditions both in court (especially between 1000—1400) and folk art, but water puppet theatre is a North Vietnamese speciality.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In it, actors hide behind a bamboo curtain up to their belts in the water, and the audience sees puppets moving on the water but not the sticks and cords moving beneath the surface.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[92] Movies have been made in Vietnam since the 1920s.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

French colonial hosts presented imported films in the country and shot mostly documentaries and news snippets.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

After World War I, some silent films were also made.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The first Vietnamese own film company was founded in the 1920s.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

A film department was established at the Propaganda Ministry of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam as early as 1945, and cinematographers were sent to record war events.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[93] As the Earth was bifurcated 1945—1975, film culture evolved in different directions.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The Hanoi Film Academy was established in North Vietnam, and Vietnamese films were honoured at events such as the Moscow Film Festival.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Documentary films about the Vietnam War were also awarded overseas.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[94] Several private studios were established in South Vietnam, and international influences were derived from Hong Kong action films on the one hand, Hollywood on the other.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Joseph L. Mankiewicz's film The Quiet American was shot in Saigon in 1957.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[95] After the unification of Vietnam, the revolutionary Giải Phóng documentary studio settled in Hồ Chí Minh city, or former Saigon, and became the main studio in the city.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Like its parallel studio to the north, its mission was to portray socialist realism.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In 1980, the Academy of Film merged with the Theatre Academy and the Hanoi School of Theatre and Film, formed by them, is the leading educational institution in the country in both arts disciplines.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[96] The transition to a market economy has created new challenges for the Vietnamese film industry starting in 1986.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

At the same time, the prevalence of television and video markets ate audiences away from movies.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Starting in 2000, more directors have moved to do, at least partially, production for television recording.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

A national television channel must present domestic material for at least half of its programming time.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[97] In the 21st century, Vietnamese Martial arts films (“kungfu films”) have also achieved commercial success abroad.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[98] Sports Vietnam has not performed as well in international competitions of sports as other states in the region.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In recent years, however, the country's national records in swimming and athletics have steadily improved, and the hobby of previously unknown sports such as tennis and golf has crept in.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Football gathers the biggest spectator crowds.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Most success has come in chess, shooting and oriental martial arts such as wushu, taekwondo, judo and karate.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[99] Traditionally there has been competition on the coasts in kayaking, swimming and diving, riding and archery in mountainous areas.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The martial arts tradition is hundreds of years old.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[99] Vietnam's own martial arts include Vovinam, or Việt Võ Đạo, Võ Bình Định, and Quán Khí Đạo.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[100] From 1956 to 1972, South Vietnam competed in the Summer Olympics under the name of Vietnam.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

The country has achieved two Olympic medals.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

Contemporary Vietnam has been involved since 1980.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

In the Winter Olympics, Vietnam has not participated.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[101] Vietnam's first Olympic medalist was taekwondoin Trần Hiếu Ngân, who achieved silver at the Sydney 2000 Olympics in the women's 57 kg series.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[101] At the Beijing 2008 Olympics, weightlifter Hoàng Anh Tuần achieved silver in the under 56 kg series.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[102] Vietnam national football team has never appeared in a football World Cup.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

At the 2007 Asian Championships, where the country served as one of the host countries of the Games, it lost in the quarter-semi-finals to Iraq.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[103] At the Asian Indoor Games in 2009, Vietnam finished second among 43 participating nations.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

At the Southeast Asian Games of the same year, Vietnam finished second out of 11 teams.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[52] The 2020 Formula season will be run in Hanoi for the first time.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

[104] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Barwise J.H and White N.J.| title = Travel Guide to History: Southeast Asia| others = Translated by Anne Top| publisher = UNI Press| year = 2006| id = ISBN 951-579-212-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Dodd J. , Lewis M., & Emmons R.| title = The Rough Guide to Vietnam (5th ed.


Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

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Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

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Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

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Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

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Vietnam

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Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

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Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

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Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

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Question: What sport is most practiced in Cambodia?

Vietnam

* Category:Key articles of screening Category:42 Asia


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Aurelius Augustine (13 November 354 — 28 August 430) was the most prominent church father in the Western Christian Church, doing considerable work in reconciling philosophy and theology.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He is one of the most prominent and distinguished theologians and church teachers in the Catholic Church and is known by his Latin additional name Doctor gratiae, meaning “Doctor of Mercy”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He is also regarded by Protestants, particularly Calvinists, as the spiritual father of Protestantism, as Martti Luther was much influenced by his teachings on salvation and mercy.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In the West, his feast is celebrated on August 28.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Similarly, Augustine's mother Monica (322 — 387) is venerated as a saint.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Free will was one of the problems Augustine dealt with.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He wondered whether a person could be condemned to hell for evil deeds if he himself does not act according to his own will or is unfamiliar with Christian teachings.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In the Pelagioan controversy in particular, Augustine stressed grace as being a prerequisite for salvation.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The will of man was originally made free, according to Augustine, but subsequently corrupted and degenerated by sin.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Contrary to what has often been interpreted in Protestantism, however, Augustine did not refute the idea of human free will.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's emphasis was that both God's sovereign grace and man's free will must be accepted.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[1] Augustine also had significant arguments for spreading Christian values on earth.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Although he had a good purpose as a theological philosopher, his writings and their interpretations have subsequently been used in the search for cause and justification for crusades, witch hunts and book romances.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In particular, in the Donatoist dispute, Augustine sided with advocating the interference of state power in the settlement of religious disputes.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Life Augustine lived during the tumultuous years of the Roman Empire.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In his childhood, Emperor Julianus the Apostate made a last attempt to restore the old Roman religion as the state religion.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Alarik conquered Rome during his tenure as bishop.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

His death, in turn, dates to the final implosion of the Roman Empire, when Vandals besieged his hometown of Hippo Regius (nowadays Annaba, Algeria).


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Information on Augustine's life is based first and foremost on his autobiography Confessions, which is widely regarded as the first autobiography of Western literature and has become a classic of both Christian theology and world literature.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

It gives an account above all of his philosophical and religious search and conversion.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[2] Another major source for Augustine's life is his friend Possidius's work The Life of Augustine, which tells more about Augustine's career in church service.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[3] Childhood and Adolescence Augustine was born on November 13 in the year 354 in Thagaste (present-day Souk Ahras, Algeria), Numidia, North Africa.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Numidia was part of the Roman Empire at the time.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine is known to have been rather dark-skinned and his family is inferred to have been Berbers [4] and Punic.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[5] His mother Monica (who is thought to have been a Berber based on her name) [6] was a Christian who would likely have called herself Catholic, as a distinction from Areioans and Donatoans.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The region of Numidia had at that time only recently converted from Donatolism to Catholicism.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

His father Patricius, who served as administrator of the city, was a pagan but converted to Christian just before his death in 371.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In his younger days, Augustine despised his mother's faith as a “fable of ackos”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

However, the mother had a great influence on her spiritual development and subsequent advent to faith.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine attended school in his hometown of Thagaste, as well as in the neighbouring town of Madaura.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

At the age of seventeen, Augustine moved to Carthage to study to be a rheetor.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The city was still semi-pagan at that time.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

His education and the beginning of his career were associated with classical philosophy, along with rhetoric, persuasive and persuasive art of public speaking.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Later, Augustine taught in Carthage and Thagaste, but dreamed of traveling to Rome, where the best reetors operated.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

However, he became disillusioned with the Roman schools because he considered them apathetic.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The confessions provide a good picture of these early years of study of Augustine, which included, in his later — possibly partially exaggerated sense of sin — mainly colts, time spent in bad company, and bad pursuits.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

As a youth, however, Augustine's lifestyle was distinctly hedonistic.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In Carthage he had an affair with a woman who was his concubine for more than fifteen years and with whom he had a son named Adeodatus.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Through his studies in rhetoric, Augustine had come to know classical Roman and Greek literature.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In particular, he was impressed at the age of 19 by Cicero's work Hortensius.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[7] From it Augustine first felt that he had found true wisdom.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Later, Augustine felt that philosophy had already then called him a couple of eternal truths, but he had not yet had the strength to abandon the amusement and luxurious lifestyle of youth.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Guided by childhood memories, Augustine also read the Bible somewhat, but became disillusioned, especially with the rhetorically crude presentation and belligerent content of the Old Testament.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Instead, to his mother's horror, Augustine became interested in Manicheism, a Gnostic-tinged religion that divided the world powerfully dualistically into good and evil, influenced by Christianity, and acted with it for about nine years.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine was first charmed by the many metaphorical teachings of Manichaeism, but over time he began to feel that he did not receive an answer to his questions.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine put his hope on Bishop Faustus, a Manichaean known for his eloquence, and expected to receive more profound instruction from him.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

However, she was disappointed when she couldn't answer his questions.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

As a result, Augustine felt he was falling into the mire of philosophical skepticism and became interested in the teachings of the so-called academicians who taught it.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

According to them, the truth did exist, but it could not be felt.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Later, as a Christian, Augustine wrote against skeptics a work on Contra Academicos.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[8] The conversion Augustine left for Italy in 383.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

First he travelled to Rome, and a little later, through his Manichaean relations, obtained a job as a teacher of rhetoric in Milan.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In doing so, at the age of about thirty, he had a prominent academic lesson chair in the middle of the Latin-speaking world and thereby the path open to fame and political influence.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In Milan, Augustine listened to the sermons of the famous Church Father Ambrosius.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Ambrosius was, like Augustine, a master of rhetoric, but fifteen years older and more experienced than him.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's mother Monica pressured him to become a Catholic; however, the greatest influence on Augustine was on Ambrosius.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Influenced by this sermons, Augustine became acquainted with allegorical Bible interpretation and learned to understand the Old Testament as a prequel and symbolic work.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

This is how his doubts about the uncivilization of Christianity began to play out.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Ambrosius also acquainted Augustine with other Christian Neo-Platonics, such as Manlius Theodorus and Simplicianus.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Through these he also became acquainted with the works of Plotinos and Porphyrios, the most famous pagan neo-Platonic philosophers of his time, whom already Ambrosius had exploited in his thinking.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

As a result, Augustine definitively renounced Manichaeism.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Instead of Catholicism, however, he chose a Neo-Platonian approach to truth.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

For a while he considered himself to have made progress in his search, but eventually he fell into skepticism again.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's mother had accompanied him to Milan, and Augustine gave him permission to arrange the marriage, as a result of which he left his concubine.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

However, he had to wait two years before his bride would come to an appropriate age (in Rome the age for girls to marry was 12 years [9]), and during that time he was with another woman.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Around this time, Augustine delivered his well-known prayer: “Da mihi castitatem et continentiam, sed noli modo” — “Give me a pure and chaste heart, but not quite yet”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[10] In the summer of 386, at the age of 32, Augustine went through a personal crisis after reading a biography of St. Anthony.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

As a result, he eventually decided to convert to Catholic Christianity, abandon his career as a rheetor, quit his teaching post in Milan, renounce marriage—much to his mother's disappointment—and devote his life to the service of God and the priesthood, which included celibacy.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Key to this conversion was the singing voice of a little girl he heard in one garden urging him repeatedly: “tolle lege” — “take and read” the Bible.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

As a result, he opened the Bible from a haphazard passage and ended up with verses 13:13 —14 of the Romans which read, “We shall live without integrity as is lived in the day, not by remuting and drunkenness, promiscuously and debauchery, quarreling and bigoted”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[11] So Augustine eventually converted to Christianity, and Bishop Ambrosius baptized him, along with his son Adeodatus and his friend Alypius, on Easter Day in 387.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He retreated to a farm called Cassiciacum into silence.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's early philosophical-theological works include Soliloquia, which he wrote some months after his conversion sometime in 386—7.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The following year, in 388, Augustine returned to North Africa and established a monastic-like community at Thageste for himself and his friends.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

On the way back to Africa his mother died, and soon after this his son also died, leaving him without a family.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

After being allowed back to his home, he sold the farm he had inherited and donated the money to the poor.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

While in office in the church, Augustine was ordained a priest at the insistence of the parish in 391.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He became a renowned preacher and is known for his more than 350 sermons held as authentic.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He also took up the struggle against heresies and sects such as Manichaeism and Donatolism, and wrote several writings against them.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He later renounced the monastery, but continued to live a monastic life himself in his episcopal residence.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In 395, Augustine was made assistant bishop of Hippo, and upon the death of Bishop Valerius a few months later, he inherited the office of bishop, which he held until his death.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

During the early years of episcopal rule, around the years 397—400, his autobiographical work Confessions was born, in which he describes his earlier promiscuous life and conversion.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine died on 28 August in 430 when he was seventy-five years old, at the same time as the Vandals belted out to Hippo.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He had previously urged the townspeople to rise up to resist the invasion, largely because the Vandals recognised Areioan Christianity, which was widely regarded as heretical.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine was canonized and Pope Bonifatius VIII made him a church teacher in 1303.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's Memorial Day is August 28, the day of his death.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Philosophy For Augustine, like the later Middle Ages, philosophy was closely related to theology, its purpose was to serve as a servant of theology and to sharpen the doctrines of faith to be more logical.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Although only rarely addressing purely philosophical questions, Augustine shows great philosophical prowess in doing so, anticipating even some themes of new-age philosophy.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[12] Augustine's philosophy was based above all on the writings of Plato, whom he knew better than others.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[13] Aristotle, among others, he probably knew only the Categories.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[14] He also valued the Platonian other philosophers more, calling them “more able than others” and considering them to have known and recognized the true God that created the world.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[15] However, his views had filtered through the influences of Hellenistic philosophy, such as skepticism, stoicism, and especially Neo-Platonism inherited from Ambrosius.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[13] In some views, such as his thinking on time, Augustine deviates from Platonic thought entirely.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The theory of knowledge Augustine's theory of knowledge was Platonian in that he considered ideas to be ontologically at the highest level.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

On Augustine, the starting point of all knowledge was the ideas that God had.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Knowledge of ideas entered man from God through “illumination”, that is, like light — the divine spirit (mundus intelligibilis) radiates these ideas directly into the human mind.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

This way information could be found in a person himself, not outside him.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Different views exist on the details of the theory, but Augustine is thus considered to have advocated moderate apriorism.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's view was a form of skeptical rationalism, later to have been represented by René Descartes.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He considered the world beyond man to be changeable and the senses to be deceiving.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Therefore, it was better to seek truth within man: Augustine formulated an argument very much like Descartes' idea of “cogito ergo sum” (“I think, therefore I am”) — Augustine wrote “si enim fallor, sum” (“if I am mistaken, then I am”).


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Augustine

[16] He also put forward the idea in the form: “You who want to know, do you know that you are?


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

I know that.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Where have you come from?


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

I don't know.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Do you feel like one or many?


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

I don't know.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Do you feel like you're in motion?


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

I don't know.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Do you know you think?


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

I know”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[17] One model of ideal truth for Augustine served as mathematics.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Perception of Time In the eleventh book of his Confessions, Augustine meditates on the essence of time and eternity in a way that has had a decisive influence on Western perception of time.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He deals with the past time, the present and the time to come, and the passage and measurement of time: for Augustine, time is a purely subjective view, because we can measure past and future time only as an impression in the soul: Augustine thus equated Paul's faith, hope, and in the time of love: faith in the past, hope for the future and the immediate presence of love, in the present.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's conception of time differs considerably from the Platonic cyclic concept of time, which relates the perpetual rotation motion of celestial bodies and the changing of seasons and day and night, defining time as the same as motion.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Theology Augustine holds that a good life means a consecrated life in which the needs of the body must be restrained.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

According to Augustine, all men know the truth, which is Christ, the Word of God.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Turning from the external world through ascetic life into the soul, man finds within himself an inner teacher who is Christ-Logos (kr.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

logos = 'word'), one of the persons of the Triple God who constantly keeps the world existing.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Among Augustine's most significant and controversial doctrines is his theological theory of knowledge, the so-called doctrine of illumination, according to which all knowing and thinking is based on invisible ideas that can only be felt through illumination from Logos.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Gentiles are also able to know what is good and know God's invisible essence, according to Augustine, but they do not have the power to act on it.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Only through the teaching of the Church and the sacraments can man come under the grace of God, and this grace gives man the strength to do good so that he not only knows what is good, but is also capable of doing it.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

For this reason, Augustine has received from the Catholic Church the title of Doctor gratiae, “Teacher of Mercy”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The reason is that he formulated the Church's view of grace in line with Paul's teaching—man is weak with original sin, so God's mercy is required for good works.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's doctrine of mercy, however, led to the predestination that God has chosen before hand those to whom He gives his grace and who will be saved.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

According to Augustine, this is a mystery that human reason cannot fathom.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Natural Knowledge and Bible Interpretation Augustine adopted from Cicero the ideal of achieving true wisdom through extensive philosophical and scientific work.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[18] He held that the text of the Bible should not be interpreted literally if it contradicts science and God-given human reason.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In his book De Genesi ad Litteram (“On the Literal Interpretation of Genesis”, 408) he wrote: Thus Augustine's teaching echoes, for example, the position put forward by Pope John Paul II that the Bible does not teach how heaven is made but how to get there.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[19] All suspected Academical skepticism Augustine opposed e.g.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

writing: “The Church of Christ abhors these doubts, considering them insanity because it has the most certain knowledge of the things it understands”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[20] The Trinity Doctrine Augustine is the formulation of the Western Trinity Doctrine.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He uses the human soul as a model in clarifying the doctrine of the Trinity.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The Father, the source of all being, corresponds to human memory, the Son to the active thinking and communication of man, and the Holy Spirit to the will and love of man.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Just as man expresses himself through his thoughts and words, the Father expresses himself through His Word, Christ.


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Augustine

And just as man wills and loves what he thinks, the Holy Spirit connects the Father and the Son to each other.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In relation to creation, the Holy Spirit is the person of the Trinity who generates love for God in men, thus linking them to the Father and the Son.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

According to Augustine, the Holy Spirit comes from both the Father and the Son.


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Augustine

Augustine's notion that the Spirit also leaves the Son is one of the most prominent ecumenical problems between the Western denominations and the Orthodox Church.


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Augustine

This perception has also ended up in the so-called filioque (lat.


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Augustine

“and from the boy”) as an addition to the confessions of faith in the churches of the West.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Creation In De Genesi ad Litteram Augustine posited that God created everything in the universe simultaneously, not in six calendar days as a direct reading of Genesis would require.


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Augustine

He posits that the structure of six days of creation presented by Genesis has a spiritual rather than a natural history meaning, and this lecture is not any less literal.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Nor did Augustine consider that the fall of sin brought about physical changes in the universe and even suggested that the bodies of Adam and Eve had been created mortal even before the fall of sin.


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Augustine

Nevertheless, he considered it difficult to interpret the creation report and points out that we should be prepared to change our minds when we receive new information.


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Augustine

[21] In the State of God, Augustine defended a view that would today be called young-earth creationism.


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Augustine

He rejected both the idea of immortality of the human race proposed by the pagans and the views of some Greeks and Egyptians of his time on the ages, as they differed from the scriptures of the Church: Original sin, free will, grace and predestination Augustine theological views on original sin and free will in particular were significant: Augustine also attacked Cassianus the Roman, accusing him of semipelagioism.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[22] God was, according to Augustine, in such a concealed manner just and concealed in a just way.


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Augustine

He held that no one could be saved without baptism and becoming a member of the church.


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Augustine

Augustine's view of original sin continues to be influenced by Catholic Church doctrine.


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Augustine

In Protestantism, it has often been interpreted as Augustine's rejection of free will altogether.


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Augustine

This has been justified on the basis of the necessity of grace emphasised by Augustine during the Pelagioan controversy.


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Augustine

According to Augustine, however, man has fallen free will.


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Augustine

Still, grace is essential to salvation.


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Augustine

Augustine discusses the issue of grace and free will, while addressing what he meant in the context of the Pelagioan controversy when talking about will, in “Grace and free will” (De gratia et libero arbitrio).


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Augustine

Passions Passions were the thing that plagued Augustine all this life.


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Augustine

Lust was a sin independent of free will and the result of the fall of sin.


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Augustine

They were an obstacle to a virtuous life, something to be avoided, and the worst sins that affected a person's life.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine held that “The need for lust in sexual intercourse is a punishment for Adam's sin; had this not been the case, sex life might have been separate from pleasure”.


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Augustine

[23] Lust also plagued the barbarians who were looting Rome.


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Augustine

To pious virgins who had been raped during the Roman takeover, Augustine wrote, “The lust of another cannot defile you.”


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Augustine

Chastity is “a virtue of the mind and is not lost if one is raped, but it is eradicated by deliberate sin even when it is not done.”


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Augustine

However, there was one condition for chastity: rape was not to be enjoyed.


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Augustine

[24] The works of Augustine's literary production covered all spheres of ittime culture.


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Augustine

His works particularly show a wide knowledge of ancient literature and philosophy.


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Augustine

Augustine's main work is the State of God (De civitate dei, more correctly “from the City of God”), which is a historical-philosophical treatise on the relations between secular and spiritual society.


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Augustine

It parses all of world history as a battle between the good, the kingdom of God, or “Jerusalem”, and the evil, earthly kingdom, or “Babylon”.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The work is also a significant defensive inscription of Christianity.


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Augustine

In 410, the Visigoths ravaged Rome under Alariki.


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Augustine

Public opinion under the influence of the old religions blamed the fall of the Roman Empire for Christianity's advent as the state religion — it was seen as revenge for the abandoned gods.


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Augustine

The title of the work also shows Augustine's influences from Platonism, it parallels Plato's work The State.


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Augustine

Another work that has significantly influenced Western culture, and autobiographical literature in particular, is Augustine's work Confessions (Confessiones), in which he describes his worldly life, his spiritual quest and conversion to Christianity in profound detail and with emotional accuracy.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In the work, he interprets his entire preceding life in the light of his conversion, in relation to God, sin and salvation.


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Augustine

The work was the first autobiography in world literature.


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Augustine

Augustine's other writings include a great deal of polemic against various heresies such as Faustus the Manichaean, Donatoans, Pelagioism, and Semipelagioism.


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Augustine

Proper doctrine was also covered by works on the Trinity (De trinitate) and Christian teaching (De doctrina christiana).


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Towards the end of his life, Augustine wrote a work of Cancellations (Retractationes), in which he rephrased some of his works, proceeding in chronological order and presenting what he would have said otherwise.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In doing so, he gives a rare picture of the development of his own thinking in different epochs, towards definitive views.


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Augustine

The most notable works of Augustine's most notable works are: Contra Academicos (“Against the Academicians”, 386) On the Teacher (De magistro, 389) On True Religion (De vera religione, 389/391) Confessions (Confessiones, 397—400) Spirit and Letter (De spiritu et littera, 412) State of God (De civitate dei, 413—426) Christian teaching (De doctrina christiana, 396—427) Explanations to Psalms (Enarrationes in psalmos, 396 and 416) 124 treatises on the Gospel of John (In Johannis Evangelium Tractatus CXXIV, 416—417) Handbook to Laurentius i.e. from the house, of hope and love (Enchiridion ad Laurentium sive de fide, spe et charitate, 421—423) From the Trinity (De trinitate, 399—419) Cancellations (Retractationes, 428) Other works, sermons and letters De catechizandis rudibus (“On the baptismal teaching of the uneducated “, 400) De fide et symbololo (“On faith and creed”) De fide rerum quae non videntur (“On faith in invisible things”) De utilitate credendi (“For the benefit of faith”) De symbololo ad catechumenos (“On the Creed: Sermon to baptismal pupils”) De continentia (“On Abstinence”) De bono coniugali (“For the good of marriage”) De virginitate (“Of the Holy Virginity”) De bono viduitatis (“For the good of widowhood”) De mendacio (“For lying”) Contra mendacium (“For Consentius: Against Lying”) De opere monachorum (“From the work of monks”) De patientia (“For patience” ) De cura pro mortuis (gerenda) (“On caring for the dead”) De moribus Ecclesiae catholicae (“On the teachings of the Catholic Church”) De moribus Manichaeorum (“On the teachings of the Manichaeans”) De duabus animabus contra Manichaeos (“Of two souls, against the Manichaeans”) Acta seu disputatio contra Fortunatum Manichaeum (“Acts or Debate against Fortunatus Manichaean”) Contra epistolam Manichaei quam vocant fundamentaenti (“Against a letter called the foundation of Manikeos”) De Natura Boni contra Manichaeos (“Concerning the nature of good, against Manichaeism”) De baptismo contra Donatistas (“On baptism, against the Donatans”) Contra litteras Petiliani (“Against the Letters of Petilianus”) De peccatorum meritis et remissione et de baptismo parvulorum (“On the punishments and forgiveness of sins and on child baptism”) De natura et gratia (“Of nature and grace” , 415) De correctione Donatistarum (“Correction of the Donatoans”, ca.


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Augustine

417) De perfectione iustitiae hominis (“On the Perfection of the Righteousness of Man”) De gestis Palagii (“On the Procedures of Pelagius”) De gratia Christi et de peccato originali (“On the Grace and Original Sin of Christ”) De nuptiis et concupiscentia (“On marriage and lust”) De anima et eius origine (“On the Soul and Its Origins”) Contra duas epistolas Pelagianorum (“Against the two epistles of the Pelagioans”) De gratia et libero arbitrio (“For grace and free will”, 427/428) De correptione et gratia (“Of rebuke and grace”) De praedestinatione sanctorum (“Of Saints of predetermination”, 428/429) De dono perseverantiae (“On the Gift of Endurance”, 428/429) The Sermon of Our Lord on the Mount (De Sermone Domini in monte, n.


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Augustine

393) De Consensu Evangelistarum (“Harmony of the Gospels”) Sermones de Scripturis de Novo Testamento (“Sermons on Selected New Testament Teachings”) Soliloquia (“Soliloquies”) De immortatitate animae (“On the Immortality of the Soul”) The influence of Augustine on Thomas Along with Aquinese, he was the most influential Christian philosopher, and a whole eight hundred years before Tuoma alone, he was the most prominent.


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Augustine

[13] Augustine has extensively influenced not only the theology of the Catholic and Protestant churches, but on Western thought as a whole.


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Augustine

Because he had been much influenced by Platonism and Neo-Platonism, he served as a bridge between the thought worlds of antiquity and medieval times.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

He can therefore be thought to have given all Greek thought Christian “baptism” and thereby acceptance in the whole European intellectual tradition.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine has also contributed greatly as an opponent of Christian heresies and thus as a shaper of proper Christianity, Orthodoxy.


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Augustine

[13] The political philosophy presented by Augustine in the State of God formed the theoretical basis on which the papal power in the Middle Ages could form its position over secular power. [12].


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Augustine

Augustine's writings also enabled the idea of “justified war”.


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Augustine

He also urged the use of force against the Donatos and other heretics.


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Augustine

He wrote: “Why would the Church not use force to force the lost to return if the lost force others to their own destruction?”.


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Augustine

[25] According to Leo Ruickbie, the distinction made by Augustine between magic and miracles was essential in the Church's struggle against paganism and its influence stretched all the way back to the witch hunt.


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Augustine

[26] According to Professor Deepak Lal, Augustine's ideas about the celestial kingdom have also influenced the secularised beliefs of Enlightenment, Marxism, Freudiism, and eco-fundamentalism.


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Augustine

[27] Augustine's merit can be held that the majority of Christians in the West believe in original sin, and that the Catholic Church also accepts to some extent deliveries made outside of it — the Church accepts priestly consecrations performed by the Orthodox Church and by almost all Christian churches baptisms made by.


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Augustine

Catholic theologians generally accept Augustine's idea that God exists outside of time in “eternal modernity” and that time exists only in the created universe.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In the opinion of theologians of the Orthodox Church, Augustine's doctrine of original sin is one of the main reasons for the separation of the churches of the East and the West, although they believe that all mankind has fallen into disrepair as a result of the fall of sin.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Nor do some of the theologians in the West see the idea of original sin as necessary; they take the view that nothing proves in favor of it.


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Augustine

Thus, Western theology cannot be considered to depend on any single doctrine presented by Augustine.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Thanks to Augustine, many churches also believe in predestination, or the doctrine of predetermination.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

In the Catholic Church, the doctrine was never accepted as official doctrine, although Bernard Clairvauxlaine, among others, addressed it eloquently.


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Augustine

The doctrine of double predestination, that is, the idea that God, despite free will and grace, has decided even before the creation of the world who will be saved and who will be subjected to damnation, was explicitly rebuffed in the Catholic Church by the Church Conference of Orange 529.


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Augustine

However, it was later introduced by the Protestant Reformer, Jean Calvin, the father of Calvinism.


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Augustine

Thomas Aquinas drew much influence from Augustine in forming his own synthesis between Greek and Christian thought.


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Augustine

Although using a different philosophy, Thomas himself considered himself to be an 'Augustinian' in his teaching.


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Augustine

Cornelius Jansen received influences from Augustine when he developed Jansenism.


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Augustine

It was a movement influenced within the Catholic Church, though some of the Jansenists ended up in a schism with the rest of the church and decided to start their own church.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Augustine's writings on the central question of ethics, free will, influenced voluntarists in the Heart Middle Ages and, in the 19th century, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Theologians who advocated voluntarism, such as Duns Scotus, used Augustine's ideas to support the idea of freedom of God and the will of men, thus opposing starkly deterministic Aristotelian interpretations that denied God's opportunities for free choices.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

There is a phrase in Augustine's work De Doctrina Christiana that has allowed Augustine to be seen even as a pioneer of free software production.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

[28] His definition of knowledge and its essence includes the idea that, contrary to possessions, knowledge should be shared freely: “If a thing does not diminish when shared with others, its ownership is not justified if it is merely owned but not shared”.


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Augustine

[29] Frances Yates published a treatise “The Art of Memory” in 1966, in which she posits that as early as the ancient Romans were aware of the ways in which large volumes of information can be arranged by intensifying the use of space and architecture as an aid to memory.


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Augustine

[30] Namely, Augustine writes in Chapter X.8 of the Confessions: “I must therefore [...] step by step ascend to him who has created me.


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Augustine

And so I come to the fields and vast courtyards of my memory, wherever the undetermined stocks of images my senses have assembled of all sorts of things.


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Augustine

[...] In the circle of my memory, I demanded that I be brought what I want at any time.


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Augustine

[31] See also Augustinians Predestination Free will Sources Stone beach, Simo: Augustine — seeker and guide in Augustine: Confessions.


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Augustine

Sley Books, Helsinki 2003.


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Augustine

Koskenniemi, Erkki: “Introduction”.


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Augustine

In Augustine 2003.


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Augustine

Matthews, Gareth B.: “Augustine”.


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Augustine

In Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Russell, Bertrand| title = History of Western Philosophy in the context of political and social conditions from the earliest times until modern times.


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Augustine

1: Old-time philosophy, catholic philosophy| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1999| version = (History of western philosophy and its connection with political and social circumstances from the earliest times to the present day, 1946.)


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Augustine

Translated by J. A. Hollo.


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Augustine

9th edition (1st edition 1948) | id = ISBN 951-0-17867-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Saarinen, Esa| title = History of Western Philosophy from top to top from Socrate to Marx| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1985 (11th edition 2007) | id = ISBN 951-0- 22838-9}} References Literature Finnish works Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Hand-book and two-core speeches with God| location = Turku| publisher = J.F.


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Augustine

Granlund| year = 1861}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Confessions| location = Porvoo| publisher = Werner Söderström Limited Liability Company| year = 1905| version = (Confessiones, 397—398.)


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Augustine

Abbreviated from Latin and annotated by Osv.


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Augustine

Stenroth.


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Augustine

Opening sentence Herman Råbergh}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Confessions| publisher = Sley books| year = 1981 (2nd edition 2003) | version = (Confessiones, 397—398.)


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Augustine

Latin translated by Otto Varnish.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

The Finnish translation was reviewed by Yrjö-Otto Varnish.


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Augustine

Classics of Christendom 1.


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Augustine

Appeared earlier 1947| id = ISBN 951-617-486-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Spirit and letter| location = Helsinki| publisher = Sley Books| year = 1982 (2nd edition: Sun, 2011) | version = (De spiritu et littera liber unus, 412—413).


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Augustine

Latin translated by Jukka Thurén.


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Augustine

Classics of Christendom 2| id = ISBN 951-617-529-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustine [et al] | title = Don't be afraid: Christmas message with pictures and word| location = Helsinki| publisher = Sley Books| year = 1985| version = Introduction Lauri Koskenniemi}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Easter speeches| location = Helsinki| publisher = Sley books| year = 1985}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Our Lord's Sermon of the Mountain| publisher = Published and published by Valtteri Olli| year = 1989} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus & Vilkanen, Mari (ed.


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Augustine

) | title = Golden life instructions for each day| publisher = Day| year = 1999| id = ISBN 9516227813}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = State of God: Part 1: (books 1—10) | location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2003| version = (De itate Dei , 413-426.)


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Augustine

Translated by Heikki Koskenniemi| id = ISBN 951-0-24309-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Faith, Hope, Love: Handbook for Laurentius| location = Helsinki| publisher = Bookworks| year = 2004| version = (Enchiridion ad Laurentium seu De fide et spe et caritate, 421.)


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Augustine

From Latin by Timo Nisula.


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Augustine

Pilgrim | id = ISBN 951-607-133-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Sermons | location = Helsinki| publisher = Bookworks| year = 2005| version = Latin by Timo Nisula.


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Pilgrim| id = ISBN 951-607-228-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Christian teaching| location = Nivala| publisher = Valtteri Olli| year = 2009| version = (De doctrina christiana, 397, 426.)


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Augustine

translated by Valtteri Olli| id = ISBN 978-952-92-6345-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Augustinus| title = Letters to sisters | location = Helsinki| publisher = Bookshop | year = 2009| version = Finnish by Timo Nisula and Anni Maria Tile| id = ISBN 978-951-607-845-1}} Change literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Barrett, Lee C.| title = Eros and Self-Emptying: The Intersections of Augustine and Kierkegaard| location = Michigan| publisher = Wm.


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Augustine

B. Eerdman| year = 2013| version=Kierkegaard as a Christian Thinker| isbn = 978-0-8028-6805-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Nisula, Timo| title = Augustinus| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2008| version = Christianity influencers | id = ISBN 978-951-0-31917-8 }} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Olli, Valtteri| title = Church Father Augustine's Conception of Sins in Confessiones| location = Nivala| publisher = Olli, Valtteri| year = 2014| version = Influencers of Christianity| isbn = 978-952-93-3373-8}} Augustine: Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Can software engineering be studied?

Augustine

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.