Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] When Turku Savings Bank turned 100 in 1923, it was still the largest savings bank in the country before Helsinki Savings Bank.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

However, local competition had intensified with the Finnish Savings Bank of Turku, founded in 1904, and Turku Työkäen Savings Bank, founded in 1905.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

In 1922, the Turku Region Osuuspankki began to compete with the savings banks.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] In 1931, Finland's first interest rate contract was created at the initiative of the Bank of Finland.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Small local banks were allowed to pay interest rates of half per cent higher than commercial banks, but large savings banks such as Turku Savings Bank were only a quarter per cent higher interest.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] The first branch office was opened on the corner of Aninkaistenkatu and Tuureporinkatu in 1937.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

In the devastating bombing of the Winter War on 29 January 1940, the bank house at Linnankatu suffered severe damage.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] In 1943, the small Sparbanken Fortuna, founded by insurance companies Sampo and Verdandi, was decided to merge with Turku Savings Bank, which increased the borrowing of Turku Savings Bank by only a good percentage.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

The branch network expanded to Iniö in 1947, Marti district 1948 and Turku Market Square in 1957.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] The savings bank ideology, which encouraged saving, had experienced knocks as a result of inflation caused by the war.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Deposit drawing was stimulated slightly by the total tax exemption on deposits in 1951 and so-called index accounts, which were in use from the mid-1950s to 1968.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] Perceived as stagnant, old-fashioned and Swedish-speaking, Turku Savings Bank began in the 1970s to increase the number of branches, invest in information technology and marketing, and abandon compulsory saving in order to obtain a loan.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Mortgage lending was facilitated and investment began to be placed on corporate finance, which accounted for a third of the credit stock at the end of the 1970s.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] In the 1980s, as money markets freed up, the new CEO Göran Grönroos divided the bank's operations into private and corporate clients.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Credit councillors of branches received the right to grant credits within certain limits.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

The branch network was already so dense that we started talking about branch merges.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] Starting in the 1970s, the local savings bank ideology had begun to give way to larger units in the central bodies of savings banks.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

As recently as 1985, the idea of a bilingual banking group in Turku and the Insular Region did not gain support, but as competition increasingly intensified and the prudential requirements of savings banks became more interested in the idea.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

In 1988, the savings banks of Turku, Kemiö, Västanfjärd, Paraise and Dragsfjärd decided to merge into Turku Region Savings Bank (Sparbanken i Åboland).


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] In Finland's recession of the early 1990s in 1992, the nationwide Finnish Savings Bank SSP was established, formed by the former Turku Region Savings Bank.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

SSP Ltd was digested among four buyer banks in 1993.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

The former branches of Turku Savings Bank went to the Yhystebank of Finland.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

[1] See also Commerce, Industry and Thrift, the facade sculptures of the former Banking Palace Sources On the subject elsewhere Ole Torvalds, Bo Lindberg, Sigurd Portin and Toivo Lyy: A picture of the river Aura.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Turku Savings Bank and Turku.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Interactions and phases 1822—1972.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Turku Savings Bank 1982.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

ISBN 951990090X.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Lindqvist, Anders G. and Hepohuhta, Veli-Matti: Five savings banks in Turunmaa.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Finnish Savings Bank 1994.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

ISBN 9529050607.


Question: Which bank currently operates savings banking activities in the Turku region?

Turku Savings Bank

Category:Savings banks Category:History of Turku Category:Former Finnish companies


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

Below is a list of the books and chapters that appeared in the One Piece manga series.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

The list includes both Finnish, Japanese, and United States publications.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

One Piece is published in Japan in Weekly Shonen Jump magazine, where it appears weekly.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

Drawman Eiichiro Oda's pace is about 45-48 chapters per year.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

Three to four months from appearing in Shonen Jump, 9-11 chapters are printed as a book and one book contains about 200 pages.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

In Finland, the books were initially published every month, but as the publications reached the Japanese pace, they switched to publishing books every two months.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

The Finnish names of the books and chapters, as well as the cover art of the books, are from the Finnish editions published by Sangatsu Manga.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

In 2009, republishing the upstream books of the series began.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

List Sources (in Japanese) Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When has One Piece anime started to be aired?

List of One Piece manga chapters

Category:One Piece Category:Lists of comics


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Viktor Robertovich Tsoi (,) (21 June 1962, Leningrad, Russian SFNT — 15 August 1990 Ķesterciems, Latvian SNT) was a Soviet rock musician.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

He was the frontman, singer-songwriter and guitarist of the band Kino.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Childhood and adolescence Tsoi was born in Leningrad as the only child of Russian-Korean engineer father Robert Maksimovich Tsoi and Russian PE teacher mother Valentina Vasilyevna Guseva.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Tsoi's great-grandfather, Choi Yong-nam, was a native of Sŏngjin, Hamgyŏng Province, Korea.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

At the age of 12, Viktor was put into art school, where he gained his first experiences playing in a music ensemble with Maksim Paškov</i>in.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

However, his studies did not progress as hoped and he was assigned to a vocational school, from which he graduated as a carpenter.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

However, he did not leave the musical hobby, but participated in various playing projects in the 1970s, among them with his old school friend Alexei Rybin in the band Piligrimy.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Coming into the 1980s, Tsoi began to become even more comfortable with the leading influences of Leningrad punk circles, Maikin and Svinin (Finnish ″Sika”).


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

They gained some notoriety in the informal living room concerts they organized.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Tsoi and Rybin also traveled to Moscow and participated in private punk concerts organized by rock influencer Artemi Troitsky.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

On this trip, Boris Grebenshchikov of the band Akvarium happened to see Tsoi on the train playing and applied to his case, offering the young rocker his help.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Grebenshchikov was a big name and part of the Soviet rock cream.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Through him, Tsoi got into circles and got to know some of the country's leading rockers, among them Sergei Kurjohin.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Beginning of career So, in 1981 Tsoi and his two comrades, Aleksei Rybin and Oleg Valinski founded a band called Garin i Giberboloid, which at a point became a member of the legendary Leningrad rock club.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Valinski was about to enter the army, but other members of the band, under Grebenshchikov, began recording their first album.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

The recording took place in a real studio and was attended by all members of the band Akvarium.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

An album titled 45 appeared the following year in 1982.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Collaborations with Akvarium continued throughout the decade.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

In the fall of 1983, Viktor Tsoi applied to a mental institution and spent another month there.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

In doing so, he avoided military service and then a likely deployment to the war in Afghanistan.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Kino became one of the best known performers of popular music in Russian musical history.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

It released several records in the 1980s and performed diligently at festivals and concerts.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

They became one of the representatives of the “red wave” of rock in the United States, for which reason their records were released and they made a concert trip to the United States.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Film Career In the middle of the decade, Tsoi expanded her career to include film as well.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Initially, he appeared in a few short films for dilettantes, and later in full-length, such as the film Igla by the alma-Atan Nugmanov (Finnish. ″Needle”).


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

The album Gruppa Krovi, released in 1988 (Finnish. ″Blood type”) achieved phenomenal popularity, so that began to talk about kinomania.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

The success continued the following year and Kino became a superband, always drawing full concert halls.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Also, Tsoi's role performances in films began to receive attention and also official recognition.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Private life In 1985 Viktor married Marianna Igorevna Rodovanskaya, who now became Marianna Tsoi.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

They had a boy child, Aleksander, aka Saša.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Death Tsoi's last concert was in Moscow, at the famous Luzhnik Hall in July 1990.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

After that, Tsoi retreated with Kasparyanov to his summer home in Jūrmala, Latvia, to record material for the new album.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

While on his way to take the tapes made to Leningrad, Tsoi was involved in a road accident on 15 August 1990 in Ķesterciems near Tukums, Latvia.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Tsoi died instantly after the Moskvich passenger car he was piloting drifted into the oncoming lane and striking the bus.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Investigations show Tsoi fell asleep in his car.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

He had not drunk alcohol for at least two days before his death, so falling asleep is thought to have been caused by overexertion.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

One tape that was in the car was able to be salvaged, and Tsoi's vocal contributions on it were combined with those performed by band mates afterwards.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

About the thus born Чёрный альбом (Chornij albom, Finnish. ″Black Album”) became the most popular record of the band Tsoi and Kino.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

After his death, Tsoi was buried in St. Petersburg's Bogoslovskoye Cemetery.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

The grave site very soon became a pilgrimage site in the same vein as Jim Morrison's grave in Paris.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

After Tsoi's death, most of his music was reissued primarily to improve technical quality.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Behind these reissues, carried out by the Muscovite Moroz record label, and partly as producer, has been the widow Marianna.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

He also saw to it that musicians who appeared on the record have had their share of their output.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Although there were even legal disputes between Marianna Tsoi and former Kino band members over the copyrights of Kino songs [1].


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Marianna Tsoi has also written, together with Rybin, a book about Viktor Tsoi, Tochka otstšjo (Точка Отсчёта, in Finnish ″starting point'), as well as tinkering with this statue on Moscow's Arbat Street.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

He also served as a producer and representative for other St. Petersburg rock artists.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Marianna died in 2005 of cancer.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Finnish TV journalist Reijo Nikkilä made Viktor Tsoi and the performance of the ensemble Kino a rare film reportage in 1987 in Moscow.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

[2] In Finnish, Tsoi's texts have been translated by, among others, Akseli Kajanto [3].


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

A few of Tsoi's songs have also been translated and recorded by the Joensu-based band Folkswagen.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Even more are in their gig repertoire sung in Russian. [4].


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Music under censorship Hochu peremen, one of the most famous songs of the band Kino!


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

(in Finnish ″I want change!” , Хочу перемен!


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

), portrayed by Viktor Tsoi in the final scene of the cult film Assa (1987), for example [5], was subject to music censorship in Belarus in 2011.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

Public performance of the song on radio, for example, was banned.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

[6] [7] [8] This has generated a wide range of counter-reactions.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

For example, in an animated series cultivating political satire on Russian television Channel One, Mult Litšnosti, animated President Lukashenko performs Tsoi's song ″more appropriately” lyric.


Question: What year was Viktor Tsoi born?

Viktor Tsoi

[9] Sources Category:Russian rock singers Category:Russian guitarists Category:Those born in 1962 Class:Singer-songwriters Category:Music censorship


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Anna Ahmatova (, from right called Anna Andreyevna Gorenko, Анна Андреевна Горенко, 23 June (J: 11 June) 1889 Bolšoi Fontan Odessa — 5 March 1966, Moscow) was a Russian poet and writer.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

She is considered the most significant figure of the so-called Silver Age of Russian literature and the most important Russian female poet.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova lived most of her life in St. Petersburg-Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The history and culture of the city took a central place in his poetry.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

St. Petersburg of Ahmatova includes both the enchanting of 18th-century literature and the delirious, cursed city of 19th-century Gogol and Dostoevsky, as well as Peter of the Silver Age of Russian culture in the 1910s.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[1] In the poet's later production, Peter is linked to major historical events such as the Revolution and Civil War, the time of terror in the 1930s, the siege of the city in World War II and the subsequent Cold War period, and the persecution that began in the late 1940s at a time when Ahmatova was the subject of a manhunt for Leningrad Oblast party leader Andrei Ždanov.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova was on several occasions under publication ban, but in the 1960s she was allowed to experience the restoration of her reputation when a young generation of Leningrad poets adopted her as their role model.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1965, he was promoted to an honorary doctorate by the University of Oxford.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[2] Early life stages Anna Ahmatova's father served as a naval engineer in Odessa.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

When Anna was a year old, Gorenko's family moved in 1890 to Tsarskoye Selo near St. Petersburg, where Anna subsequently attended school.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Anna's parents divorced in 1905, and the mother and her children moved to Yevpatorija in Crimea and thence to Kiev, Ukraine.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Anna attended her last school class in 1906—1907 in Kiev, and there she also began law studies in the fall of 1907.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Anna began writing poetry at the age of 11, prequeling Jean Racine, Aleksandr Pushkin and Yevgeny Baratynski.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The novelist name “Ahmatova” she adopted early on when she published her poems in a literary periodical called Sirius edited in Paris by her future husband, poet Nikolai Gumiljov, in 1908.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Gumiljov was studying at the time (from 1906—1908) at the Sorbonne University in France.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The name Ahmatova is not Russian, but the Tatar name of the princely family of the mother mother descended from the writer Ahmat Khan.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The use of the name doomed the writer to the margins, as Caucasian names were met with reservations in Russia.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

For example, the image of these peoples conveyed by Russian literature was negative from its old age.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The choice of the name Ahmatova was possibly a conscious declaration of a bystander, though by that time everything exotic was in vogue.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

When asked whose chosen was her writer name, she replied: Ahmatova married Gumiljov in 1910.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

While they were in 1911 in Paris, Ahmatova became acquainted with Amedeo Modigliani, who made drawings of Ahmatova.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He gave Ahmatova sixteen drawings, of which, according to Ahmatova, only one survived beyond the Russian Revolution.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[3] A preserved drawing from 1911 is currently on display at the Anna Ahmatova Museum in Saint Petersburg.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The following year, 1912, the couple made a trip to Switzerland and Italy.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In that year their son, later known as historian Lev Gumilyov, was born.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

During the Silver Age in the early 1910s, Gumiljov introduced his wife to the literary salons of St. Petersburg.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The most famous of them was the Tower of Vyacheslav Ivanov, which was a meeting place for Symbolist artists.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

There were debates over literature, philosophy, new art, religion, mysticism and the occult.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The tower was visited by some of the most famous cultural figures of the era: philosopher Nikolai Berdyayev, as well as poets Aleksandr Blok, Mikhail Kuzmin, Fyodor Sologub and Andrei Belyi.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The relationship between Gumilyov and Ivanov, the leader of the Tower, was very energized.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

They had had both personal and artistic disagreements.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

When Ivanov once publicly attacked Gumilyov's poems, the result was that Gumilyov and Ahmatova's relations with symbolism and its leaders were broken.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Together with the poet Sergei Gorodetsky, Gumiljov decided to organize the young poets, and they founded the Guild of Poets.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Two years later, in January 1913, a manifesto was published in the magazine Apollo, which appeared in St. Petersburg, declaring that the new literary school of acmeism had taken the place of obsolete symbolism.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the Stray Dog Artist Circle, Ahmatova's first poetry collection Evening appeared in 1912, the second collection Rosary in 1914.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Artists seeking new means of expression encountered a cabaret restaurant called the Stray Dog in Saint Petersburg in the 1910s.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The most famous of them were producer Boris Pronin and theatre directors Vsevolod Meyerhold and Nikolai Yevreinov, visual artists Natan Altman, Mstislav Dobuzinski, Boris Grigoryev, Sergei Sudeikin, poets Aleksander Blok, Nikolai Gumiljov, Sergei Gorodetski, Osip Mandeltašm, Ahmatova, poet and composer Mikhail Kuzmin, composers Arthur Lourie and Ilya Sats, ballet dancer Tamara Karsavina, actress, dancer and visual artist Olga Glebova-Sudeikina.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In Ahmatova's main work Poeelma Without a Hero (Poema bez geroja, 1940—1962), Olga Glebova-Sudeikina was given the role of Ahmatova's doppelganger.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The atmosphere of the cabaret ranged from sophisticated intellectualism to gloating.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[4] Often, hilarious and imaginative theatrical productions were put up there, making fun of cabaret restaurant regulars.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1913, the young poet Vsevolod Knjazev committed suicide due to unhappy love, and Olga Glebova-Sudeikina was claimed to be the culprit for her death.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Later, Ahmatova used the event as a plot pattern in Poeelma without a hero.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[4] At the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Gumiljov volunteered for the front.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Obliged by upper-class honours concepts, he wanted to participate in the war effort.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

For Ahmatova, World War I became a watershed for two eras.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

She was deeply influenced by her courtship with visual artist Boris Anrep, who moved permanently to England in 1917.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova dedicated many of his poems to him in his works White Loft (1917) and Plantain (1921).


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova and Gumiljov officially divorced in 1918.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the same year, Ahmatova entered into a marriage with Assyriologist Vladimir Shileiko.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The presentation of Kornei Chukovsky began the attacks August 1921 was another turning point in Ahmatova's life.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

On this occasion, the leading poet of the time Aleksandr Blok died.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the same month, Nikolai Gumiljov was imprisoned on charges of counter-revolutionary activity, and was shot.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova searched for Nikolai Gumiljov's tomb without ever finding it.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[4] Autumn 1921 was a heavy time for Ahmatova, as in addition to the mourning brought by Blok's death and the execution of Gumilyov, attacks were launched against him in the press, the beginning of which can be considered a presentation by literary critic Kornei Chukovsky in Saint Petersburg on 20 September 1921 under the title “Two Russia”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Chukovsky's speech was published the same year in the first issue of the newspaper Dom iskusstv (House of Arts) under the title “Ahmatova and Mayakovsky”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[5] In his presentation, Chukovsky addressed the difference between “Ahmatova's Russia” and “Mayakovsky's Russia”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[6] The speech had fatal consequences for Ahmatova's future.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In his presentation, Chukovsky pointed out much of what those hoping for Ahmatova's silence had used against her in literary critiques even earlier.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[7] Chukovsky compared Ahmatova's subtlety to Vladimir Mayakovsky's cry.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova emphasizes personhood and small details, while Mayakovsky emphasizes greatness, and his poetry is written for the troops: “He is the poet of storm and yell, of all kinds of roar and cry.” [8] Chukovsky predicted that the peculiar vocabulary and rhythms of Mayakovsky's poems it may seem that the literary world in Russia would soon follow the path laid down by Mayakovsky.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

This is also what happened.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Although Chukovsky, at the end of his presentation, wanted to enclose the literary extremes represented by Ahmatova and Mayakovsky together as an idea of the future development of literature, he had so effectively stamped Ahmatova that although the poet was only 32 years old, thanks to Chukovsky's presentation, many viewed Ahmatova belonged to such an extent in the past that she no longer had any connection with her country's post-revolution literary life.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

V.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

I. Lenin's Commissioner for Enlightenment Affairs, Anatoly Lunacharski, issued an order to republish the entire remainder of Chukovsky's article in the widely-circulated press and revolution periodical.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Lunazharski agreed with Chukovsky in choosing Ahmatova as the representative of the Old World and the naming of Mayakovsky as a New World trendsetter.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Mayakovsky himself agreed with Lunacharsky and Chukovsky in a speech on 19 January 1922 dedicated to the purification of modern poetry.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Mayakovsky insisted that revolutionary literature had to exclude several writers from its circle.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Peter's enchantment The Akmeists admired and considered the poet Innokenti Annenski as their paragon.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova felt that their expression originated from Annenski.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He mentions himself, Gumilyov, Hlebnikov, Mayakovsky, Mandelštam, Pasternak.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[9] The precision and expressive detail of Annensky's descriptions, hence his poetry catalogue, exemplified by a fragment from the beginning of the poem “Peterburg”: “The yellow stream of Peter's winter,/The yellow snow clinging to the stones...” Poems written by Ahmatova from the city of St. Petersburg can be compared with poems and novels by Annensky, Blok and other symbolists.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

But the urban landscape known to the symbolists was, following the way Gogol and Dostoevsky were described, was negative and historically false.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

For Ahmatova, St. Petersburg is an enchanted place, as is for Annenski.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova had studied the old architecture of St. Petersburg, and under the influence of artists from Mir iskusstva, the evaluation of that architecture had significantly influenced Ahmatova and Mandelštam.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The attitude of the Akmeists to the city of St. Petersburg was committed to its architecture, culture and art.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

On that basis, the intense emotion with which Ahmatova reacts to St Petersburg, torn by war and revolution, rises.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The decadence of the city, the destruction of its beauty and culture shocked him.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1922, Ahmatovalta appeared in the poetry collection Anno Domini MCMXXI.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Among the poems in the work “Petrograd 1919” (1920) speaks of the fate and future of the city and its inhabitants.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

It describes a turbulent time in the city and tells of Ahmatova's desire to preserve the beauty of her city and its culture: “For ourselves we saved, Its fire, its water.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Its palaces”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poem ends with a prophecy — the city must remember their names and remain their monument.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Mandelštam had called Ahmatova Kassandra, and Ahmatova herself believed everything she wrote would come true.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the imagination of readers of his poems, especially Russian emigrants, Ahmatova began to transform from an eyewitness to Peter's doom and destruction into a prophet of the resurrection that followed.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He himself could believe in his role and mission, as told by the poem “On the Way of the Whole World” (Putem veja zemli, 1940), in which the narrator of the poem from outside time and space, has been called back home, to the rescued Golden city of Kitezh of Russian legend, Peter of Ahmatova- Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

When Ahmatova, after a long absence in the early 1920s, began to read her poems in public again, she was considered very charismatic.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[10] The early 1920s was a time of team migration; among others, the Muscovite poet Marina Tsvetajeva and good friends of Ahmatova, dancer Olga Glebova-Sudeikina and composer Arthur Lourie, moved to Paris.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova herself remained in Petrograd, which in 1924 became Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the 1920s, due to a secret publication ban imposed by the Communist Party in 1924, Ahmatova's name disappeared from all publications.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

A two-volume department of his poems was completed in 1925—27, but did not appear due to a ban on publication.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Phase of Fontanka House In 1921, Ahmatova and Šileiko divorced, and in 1926 Ahmatova moved in with art historian and critic Nikolai Punini in Fontanka House.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In this house Ahmatova came to spend almost thirty years, except for the war evar period in Tashkent.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

This courtyard building of the Sheremetev Palace in the center of St. Petersburg was to gain an important place in his production.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the courtyard building of the so-called Fontanka House, Nikolai Punini had an official residence on behalf of the Academy of Arts.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

It was a Soviet-style co-housing with limited privacy.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Officially, Ahmatova and Nikolai Punin never registered their relationship, and there was little attention to the formalities at that time.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Nikolai Punin's first wife Anna Arens, from whom Punin did not formally divorce, stayed with their little daughter Irina to live in the same co-ed residence.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

When Ahmatova finally after many attempts left Punini in 1938, it so happened that, at Ahmatova's suggestion, they exchanged rooms with Anna Arens.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Out of necessity of circumstances, Ahmatova had to continue to live in the same joint apartment.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The first time Ahmatova moved to that house of Fontanka for a short time already in 1918, after officially divorcing Nikolai Gumiljov and marrying Assyriologist Vladimir Šileiko.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

During the early years of the 1920s, Ahmatova lived at several different addresses with her friends.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The only chance to get something published was to make translations, including works by Italian poet Giacomo Leopardi into Russian.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

During that time Ahmatova also set about investigating Pushkin.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Pushkin also became code for him, whose poems he used as aliases when meaning his own “dangerous” verses.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Although Ahmatova's poems were not published for sixteen years, those years were fruitful for her as a poet.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The pamphlet of the Anna Ahmatova Museum states from poems written after Gumiljov's death that they: Ahmatova often refers to these writers.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Requiem and Literature of Memory The many heavy experiences of the 1930s brought about great changes in Ahmatova both as a person and as a poet.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

His then 21-year-old son Lev was first imprisoned in 1933, though by then he was only in custody for a couple of days.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

For the second time, Lev Gumiljov was imprisoned along with Nikolai Punin in 1935.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova wrote a short letter to Stalin vowing that her son and husband were not state criminals.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The letter helped, and the men were already released a couple of weeks after they were arrested.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Around this time, Ahmatova began writing her poetry Requiem.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

For the third time, Lev Gumiljov was imprisoned in 1938.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova's letters were no longer helpful, Lev Gumilyov spent seventeen months in prison in Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He received a death sentence, which, however, was commuted to a camp sentence.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The Requiem poetry was written in 1935—1940.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

There is no script written by Ahmatova from the thirties.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poems existed only in the memory of the author and his close friends.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the history of Russian literature there are many such examples, when forbidden literature has spread among readers in manuscripts, handwritten versions.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

But the 1930s saw the beginnings of the so-called literature of memory.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Writing Requiem poems in the 1930s was a life-threatening task.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poetry underlies the repeated imprisonment, prison camp expulsions and fear of Ahmatova's son, Levi, and the expectation of his death sentence.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

A piece of paper, hands and an ashtray The poems therefore existed only in the memory of the author and his close friends.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova wrote the poem on a sheet of paper, printed it in her mind and allowed some of her friends to memorize the poem, after which she immediately burned the paper.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[11] Lidija Chukovskaya, whose diaries of Anna Ahmatova (Zapiski ob Anne Ahmatovoi 1—3) are basic sources, was from the late 1930s until Ahmatova's death a confidante, friend and secretary of the poet.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the 1930s, Chukovskaya printed in her mind the poems that Ahmatova did not dare to preserve on paper.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the 1960s, Chukovskaya helped Ahmatova remember the poems and write them down.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Requiem lived in the Soviet Union for another twenty-seven years as samizdates, machine-typed copies.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Writing the poems of the Requiem from memory on paper required daring, and fear of secret surveillance caused Ahmatova to ever-carry a manuscript bag with her.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poetry appeared in the Soviet Union only in 1989, almost half a century after its birth.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova's Requiem is a chronicle of 1935—40, but just as much conceals many centuries of Russia's dark history.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The red brick wall of Kresty prison in Leningrad is transformed into the red wall of the Kremlin in Moscow, at the foot of which Tsar Peter executed snarling strelts.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The history of Russia, which in the poetry is summed up in the fate of Ahmatova and her son, compares with the drama of Christ and his mother Mary.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Mother and son, Christ and the Virgin Mary relive the Soviet Union of the 1930s.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The motto of the tenth poem of the poetry series is the words of the Great Lent Soul Mass: “Thou shalt not weep for me Mother when you come to my grave”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poet and essayist Joseph Brodsky has written an essay on Ahmatova's Requiem poetry entitled “The Crying Muse” in his book Disasters in the Air.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[12] War and the Genesis of Great Poetry In 1940, through coincidence, Akhmatovalta published a work of poetry after a sixteen-year ban on publication.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

A compilation of six books appeared.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The year marked a turn in Ahmatova's production.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He started writing his great poems, the “Whole World on the Road” (Putem veja zemli), which was completed as early as 1940, the Northern elegies poetry (Severnije elegii) and Poeelma without a Hero (Poema bez geroja).


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1941, Ahmatova was evacuated from besieged Leningrad to Tashkent.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

That year, his son Lev was also released from the prison camp, at which point he applied as a volunteer for the front.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova enjoyed himself well in Tashkent.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He has described coming to Asia as if his home, which for seven hundred years has remained unchanged.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova writes a book Poeelma without a hero and frantically yearns for information about the events of the front and the blockaded Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

During World War II, or the Great Patriotic War, Ahmatova also described war and the siege of Leningrad in her poems, and some of her war poems also made it to the front pages of Pravda.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

She had also been left in Leningrad by a male friend, medical doctor Vladimir Garšin, to whom she had agreed to marry.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1944 Ahmatova returned to Leningrad carrying the first version of the manuscript Poetry Without a Hero.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

It turned out that Garšin had unannounced to Ahmatova married another.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Years 1945—1953 In 1945—46, Ahmatova was abundant in the public eye.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He performed at poetry evenings and was applauded by the public.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Between 1945 and 1946, Ahmatova also met Isaiah Berlin, who worked in Moscow at the British Embassy.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

At that time, the poet in the Soviet Union could not accept an embassy officer from a foreign state in his apartment, because Stalin regarded the staff of foreign embassies as spies and therefore allowed them to accompany them.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The meeting between Ahmatova and Berlin was reported to Stalin himself.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova met Isaiah Berlin again in 1965 at Oxford.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Isaiah Berlin writes about their meeting for Ahmatova: Isaiah Berlin played a significant part in Poeel Without a Hero: he is the expected “Guest from the Future”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova's poems were not forgotten during the war either.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

When he appeared on the stage of the Column Hall of the House of the Covenants at a writers' meeting in Moscow in 1946 to read his poems, the crowd stood up to greet him.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

This habit of greeting was reserved for party leaders, so it was considered a political demonstration by writers.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Stalin, who had learned of the incident, is reported to have asked: “Who organised the revolt?” [13] Judgment Later Ahmatova thought that his participation in this meeting was one of the reasons why the decision of the Communist Party's Leningrad Regional Organization concerning him appeared in Zvezda and Leningrad magazines in August 1946.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

According to the ruling, writers Ahmatova and Zoshchenko were stripped of their membership of the Writers' Union and the main victims of the decision were denied food cards.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

They were accused of formalism and cosmopolitanism.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

On 14 August, Ždanov, the party leader of Leningrad, gave a speech denouncing Ahmatova's poetry.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

From this began a long period in culture, what was called Ždanovism.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

According to Soviet practice, Ždanov's speech was discussed in countless meetings around the country where, according to the prevailing custom, Ahmatova's poetry was condemned.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Many age schoolchildren learned thereafter that that Ahmatova was a degenerate mouthpiece of the devastated nobility and bourgeoisie who had a damaging effect on youth.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The same accusations had been levelled at Ahmatova as early as the 1920s.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

At that time, food cards were the only way to stay alive.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In practice, the confiscation of food cards meant that Ahmatova was left materially for many years to the mercy of a few people.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Later, the same accusations of formalism and cosmopolitanism were directed at Dmitry Shostakovich in 1948 and Boris Pasternak in 1958.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1949, Ahmatova's son Lev was imprisoned again.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the same year Nikolai Punin was imprisoned.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Punin died in a prison camp in 1953.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In order to get her son released, Ahmatova wrote poems of sikerma in praise of Stalin, but to no avail, for Levi was not released.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Stalin died in 1953, marking a turn for the better in the coming years in Ahmatova's life as well.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Lev Gumiljov was released from a prison camp in 1956, among hundreds of thousands of others.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

On several occasions Anna Ahmatova was banned, a poet who had been banned from publication.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

First by a secret ruling of the party from 1924 and then by public decision from 1946.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Despite these, he was a well-known poet in both the Soviet Union and Western Europe.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

After the death of Stalin, the so-called shelter-weather period began.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In cultural life, the Ždanovian demand for party affiliation began gradually to be abandoned and the gradual rehabilitation of Ahmatova also began.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Already in the late 1950s and 1960s, his poems were again published in magazines.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

His financial situation was made easier because he was getting author's fees again.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

When American poet Robert Frost visited her cottage in 1962, Ahmatova wrote, “I have had everything — poverty, prison queues, fear, only memorized poems and burned poems.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Also humiliation and sadness.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

And you know nothing about this, and you wouldn't be able to understand if I told you...” Two years before her death, at the age of 76, Ahmatova received vindication when she was appointed to the Bureau of the Union of Writers of the Soviet Union.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[14] In the Way of Everything in the World Poetry (1940) is the most spatially and temporally multilayered of Ahmatova's works.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The importance of the work in Ahmatova's production and its importance to the poet himself is informed by the fact that in the 1960s he wanted to publish it in the same collection of poems in Requiem and his main work Poeelma Without a Hero due to the internal connections between these three poems.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

This poetry, too, is integral to the individual events of Ahmatova's own life and the 20th century.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The narrator of the poem embraces the many tragic events in Russia and Europe.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The narrator is the experiencer of devastating events on his journey home, the Russian legend “The Golden City of Kitezh”, which parallels St. Petersburg-Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

According to legend, the prayers saved the city of Kitež from an attack by the Tatars.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

According to one version of the legend, the city was raised to the clouds thanks to prayers, while another version of the legend says the city had sunk into the sea.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

With clear air, the golden peaks of the city's towers could be seen reflecting out of the water just as in St. Petersburg-Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poet, a citizen of Kitež, invited to his rescued city, Golden Kitezh, is intertwined with the common tragedy of Europe and Russia in the 20th century.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Northern elegies Northern elegies is a drama about an artist, a seer, an exceptional individual and a bystander.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The events of the poem begin with Fyodor Dostoevsky's Russia and St. Petersburg in the late 19th century and end in the 1950s.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The background of the poetry is the First World War, the Russian Revolution and the Civil War, the terror of the 1930s, the Second World War and the Cold War period.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The Oxford University Honorary Poetry Collection The Passage of Time appeared in 1964.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Afterwards, Ahmatova could travel abroad and receive awards.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1964 he visited Italy to receive the Etna-Taormina Prize.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The following year he was conferred an honorary doctorate in England by Oxford University.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The return trip he made via Paris, where he met his old friends.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In Paris, he had visited twice in his youth.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the 1960s, he also socialized with Leningradian young artists, poets and musicians.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

These were diligently visited Kellomäki (ven.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Komarovo) on Terijoki, Ahmatova dazha.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

That's what he got at his disposal in the 1950s from the Writers' Union of the Leningrad Oblast.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Poetry without a hero In 1962, Ahmatova completed her main work Poeelma Without a Hero.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poem had been in the making for more than twenty-two years, he began writing it in the fall of 1940.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The poem meant to him a summary of his own destiny, the fate of a generation, and it also marked a summary of the literary history of the early 20th century.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

According to Ahmatova's own words, “the poetry has absorbed — absorbed into itself — all the events and moods of different periods of my life”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[4] The work can be regarded with good reason as a manual of culture and art in St. Petersburg.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Quotes and images taken from Puskin, Dostoevsky, Blok, Meyerhold, Mandelštam and Ahmatova himself serve as mirrors, in whose reflections Ahmatova looks at the culture of St. Petersburg and its creators, she uses the past to predict both her own and the city's future.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova has dedicated many of her poems to St. Petersburg-Leningrad.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

For his part, he continues, as a poet, the tradition of depiction that originated in Pushkin, of Saint Petersburg as a city of double myth, a cursed and resurrected new Rome, a city of horror and beauty.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

This double-light mode of depiction prevailed strongly in 19th-century literature and art, and is clearly evident, among others, in the production of Gogol and Dostoevsky, culminating in Andrei Belyi's work Peterburg (1913), a depiction of the Saint Petersburg of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Solomon Volkov writes: In the poetry without a hero, the myth of St. Petersburg culminates.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova melds the various incarnations of the 250 preceding years of myth into a new whole, transporting her readers through the entire history of St. Petersburg, from the glorious city of Tsar Peter through the cursed city of the 20th century to the poet's own consecrated city of martyrdom.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1963, his Requiem poetry appeared in Munich without the author's permission.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[15] In the Soviet Union, the Requiem did not appear until 1989.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova passed on the Silver Age of Russian culture, a tradition of the 1910s, to the 1960s as the 1950s generation fell short.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Among others, the poet and essayist Joseph Brodsky visited Kellomäe as his guest, and the poet Anatoly Naiman was also among the young guests.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the 1960s, Naiman also served as Ahmatova's secretary.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Both have written about Ahmatova.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The heavy years had damaged Ahmatova's health.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He had a history of myocardial infarctions, and died of a third myocardial infarction in a Domodedovo sanatorium near Moscow on 5 March 1966, the same year in which he would have turned 77.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

He was blessed with Orthodox mentions in Leningrad and buried in the Clockhill.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

One of Ahmatova's biographers stated that when he died he was “a national hero, martyr and admired great artist, whose body blessing ceremony was flooded by a huge number of audiences”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[16] Heritage Anna Ahmatova Museum Fontanka House apartment in the courtyard building of Šeremetyev Palace, where Ahmatova spent almost thirty years, has been operated since 1989 as the Anna Ahmatova Museum.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In the park of the house, a monument to the poet was unveiled on the 40th anniversary of Ahmatova's death on March


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[17] The museum has had exhibitions of Finnish artists [18].


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The museum has also engaged in cooperation with the Academy of Fine Arts [19].


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The play and opera Hélène Cixous is the author of the play Black Sail White Sail (1994) about Ahmatova.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Its date is the period after Stalin's death, before Nikita Khrushchev delivered his famous speech at the 20th party conference in 1956 condemning Stalin's transgressions.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[20] Bruno Mantovani's three-act opera Akhmatova was premiered in spring 2011 at the Paris Opéra Bastille.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[21] A monument to dissidents in Saint Petersburg on the banks of the Neva opposite the Kresty political prison was unveiled in 1995 by the Dissident Monument by Mikhail Šemjakin, a sculptor emigrated to the United States.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The prison is the same where Ahmatova's son was held and at the foot of whose walls the poet was queuing for an appointment or just to be able to hand over a food parcel.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The monument is named for Anna Ahmatova and dedicated to dissidents.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The memory of Anna Ahmatova symbolizes for St. Petersburg writers and artists the suppression, expulsions, forced displacement and silencing of the period of Soviet rule.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Anatoly Sobchak, then Mayor of St. Petersburg, said at the unveiling: “The mission of the monument is to be an eternal reminder to a city that has experienced great suffering, an eternal warning and a reminder of events that will never again be allowed to happen again.” [4] Ahmatova and Finland Anna Ahmatova stayed in Hyvinkää Sanatorium in October 1915.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The White Parvi collection, published in 1917, contains a poem dated Hyvinkää.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[22] Pirjo Hämäläinen interprets the poem in “Anna and the two Nikolai” A so that the author of the letters mentioned in it was not her husband Nikolai Gumiljov, who visited Ahmatova's two-week sanatorium twice in Hyvinkää, but the poet's beloved, poet Nikolai Nedobrovo, whom Ahmatova had become acquainted with in the summer of 1913.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[23] Apparently Ahmatova remembered Finland and Hyvinkää on his dazha in Kellomäki.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In a poem dated 1964 in Vyborg, he writes: “The land, although my country is not/is imperishable in my memories/and the sea is so tender and icy,/its water is almost salt-free.” [23] Publications in Finnish A series of poems by Ahmatova was published in 1974 in Parnasso by Marja-Leena Mikkola and Pentti Translated by Saaritsa and in 1978 in the third part of the Tammen Soviettolikikka series.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

In 1992, the Orient Express publishing house published a work containing poetry by Ahmatova as a Finnish translation of Poems by Marja-Leena Mikkola.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Mikkola says in the preface to the Poeja collection that in his translations he has “avoided the use of final chords and the rules of classical metric.” Mikkola states: “Ahmatova perfectly mastered the traditional instruments, metric and final chords of Russian poetry, which she reworked without radically breaking classical rules.” Mikkola's translation is based on the idea of the development of modern Finnish poem, and he did not feel he could “think of returning to something already passed by in our poetry.”


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[24] The collection of Selected Poems, published in 2008, includes several unFinnish poems and a Requiem poetry.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[25] Ahmatova's poems have been published on various occasions.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Erkki Peuranen translated extracts from a few poems and wrote a chapter on Ahmatova in his book Back to Russia published in 1995.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[26] Ultra Bra has recorded five of Ahmatova's poems composed by Kerkko Koskinen: “What about now”, “Ero”, “Haikara”, “On the day I was born” and “Night”.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[27] The Lahti City Library's Linkki poetry database contains 170 poems by Ahmatova.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[28] In 1992, Jelena Kuzmina's memoir and biography of Anna Ahmatova, homeless, appeared.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[29] The characters in Paavo Rintala's novel and opera libretto Time and Sleep (1993) are all tortured and destroyed in the torments of the 20th century, and the silenced Russian poets Anna Ahmatova and Marina Tsvetajeva emerge as central figures.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[30] Exhibition Hannu Vääännen exhibition Anna Ahmatova's four rooms will be on display 8.2.- 20.4.2018 at the Wäinö Aaltonen Museum in Turku.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Vääänen's paintings, photographs and videos are featured in the exhibition.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Ahmatova lived in the courtyard building of Šeremetev Palace, known as the Fontanka House, into which Ahmatova's life, who was under house arrest, was condensed for nearly thirty years.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

The four rooms that were occupied by Ahmatova were eventually reduced to one.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Fontanka's apartment has been built into an installation in the sculpture hall of the museum, filled by a series of works by Hannu Vääänen from Ahmatova's life and poems.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

[31] Finnish works Parnasso 1974:2, p. 95—96; 1992:2, p. 81—82; 1992:5, p. 293.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Poems translated by Marja-Leena Mikkola and Pentti Saaritsa.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Baschmakoff, Natalia & Pesonen, Pekka & Rymin, Raija (ed.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

) | title = Soviet 3| location = Helsinki| publisher = January| year = 1978| version = English by Natalia Baschmakoff and others | isbn = 951-30-3973-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ahmatova, Anna| title = Poems | location = Helsinki| publisher = Orient Express| = 1992 | version = Compiled and translated by Marja-Leena Mikkola| isbn = 951-615-784-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hiidenheimo, Silja & Estonian, Merja (ed.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

) | title = Poem eros.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

A selection of erotic poems| location = Helsinki| publisher = Tammi| year = 1994| isbn = 951-31-0336-6}} Includes the poems “Voices broke to ashes in the ether” and “Do not be intimidated by cruel fate”, translated by Marja-Leena Mikkola.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Saaritsa, Pentti (ed.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

) | title = Mysterious entourage.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Poems that came and stay| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1997| id = ISBN 951-0-22208-9}} Includes the poem “Rekviem”, translated by Pentti Saaritsa.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tarmio, Hannu & Tarmio, Janne (compiled) | title = World Poetry Heart| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1998| id = ISBN 951-0-22134-1}} Several poems by Marja-Leena Mikkola, Pentti Saaritsa, Seppo Heikinheimo.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ahmatova, Anna| title = Selected poems| location = Helsinki| publisher = Tambi| year = 2008| version = Translated by Marja-Leena Mikkola| isbn = 978-951-31-4128-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ahmatova, Anmatova na| title = I am your vote.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Compiled poems 1904—1966| location = Joensuu| publisher = Bookcover| year = 2016| version = Translated and edited by Anneli Heliö| isbn = 978-952-7142-00-4}} See also Socialist realism Russian and Soviet avant-garde Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ahmatova, Anna| title = Poems | location = Helsinki| publisher = Orient Express| year = 1992| version = Compiled and translated by Marja-Leena Mikkola| isbn = 951-615-784-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ahmatova, Anna| title = I am your vote.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Compiled poems 1904—1966| location = Joensuu| publisher = Bookcover| year = 2016| version = Translated and edited by Anneli Heliö| isbn = 978-952-7142-00-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author title = Kuzmina, Jelena| = Anna Ahmatova, homeless | location = Helsingis| | publisher = Otava| year = 1992| version = (Razorjonnyj dom, 1991.)


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Translated by Eila Salminen| isbn = 951-1-12032-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Chukovskaya, Lydia| title = The Akhmatova Journals 1938—1941| location = London| publisher = Harvill| year = 1994| version = (Zapiski ob Anne Ahmatovoi.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Tom 1, 1938—1941, 1976) | id = ISBN 0002163918| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

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Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Chukovsky, Kornei: Akhmatova i Mayakovsky.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Petrograd: Dom iskusstv, I, 1921, p. 23—42.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

(“Two Russians” presentation 20.9.1921) {{Country data {{{1}}} | flaglink/core | variant = | size = | name= | altlink =national rugby union team | altvar =rugby union}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Aaltonen, Pirjo (text) & Hämäläinen, Anne (photos) & Seppo, Sanni (collages and layout) | title= Anna Ahmatova in Fontanka house| location = Helsinki| publisher = Into| year = 2012| isbn = 978-952-264-171-7}} On topic elsewhere in Heliö, Anneli:.


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

(PDF).


Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

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Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

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Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

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Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

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Question: How many poems has Anna Ahmatova published?

Anna Ahmatova

Category:Soviet poets Category:Russian poets Category:Russian-Soviet avant-garde Class:People born in 1889 Class:Those who died in 1966 Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

The vassal was the holder of a fiefdom in medieval Europe, subordinate to a more powerful fiefdom.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

The denomination derives from the Latin word vassallus, which is probably the underlying word gwas, a servant adopted from the Celtic languages.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

[1] The vassal system originated in the Frankish kingdom ruled by the Carolingians, where the king gave the overlords a tract of land, a beneficium, in exchange for them becoming a mounted soldier or garrisoning one.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

[2] Vasallius was based on trust and mutual benefit between fiefdom lord and vassal.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

The fiefdom gave his vassal a tract of land, or fiefdom, and the vassal in turn swore allegiance to his lord.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

The fiefdom protected his vassals against other fiefdoms, and the vassal paid taxes in return to his lord.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

The vassal's responsibilities also included handing over men to the fiefdom lords.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

Initially, vassal rights to his fiefdom were limited, but over time they grew and fiefdoms became hereditary.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

[3] The vassals also gained the right to divide their fiefdoms into smaller parts to their own vassals.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

The vassal system was the basis of feudalism and the base of nobility.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

A vassal state A vassal state is called a state that has formal independence but is in practice politically dependent on some superpower.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

[4] A vassal state may be a protectorate or satellite state in nature, in which case the vassal is based on the political, military, economic, or ideological supremacy of the larger state.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

[5] During World War II, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria were considered vassal states of Nazi Germany.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

See also Puppet State Sources Annukka Aikio and Rauni Vornanen: New Dictionary of Civilization.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

Publishing company Otava 1993.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

ISBN 951-1-11365-8.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

Tuomas Heikkilä & Samu Niskanen: The Birth of Europe.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

Edita in 2004.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

ISBN 951-37-4182-6.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

The Big Encyclopedia of Otava, part 9.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

Publishing company Otava 1965.


Question: What does vassal mean?

vassal

References Category:Feudalism Category:Key articles on screening


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Finland's military equipment procurement during the Winter War

The article deals with the purchases of Finnish military equipment during the Winter War. The Finnish state made both home and abroad for the needs of the defence forces during the Winter War.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In addition, the article briefly refers to e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

spoils of war on war material obtained from the Soviet Red Army.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Some of the war material acquired abroad reached the country already during the war, but a significant part of the material did not arrive in Finland until after the conclusion of the Moscow intermediate peace.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The total value of the material purchased and obtained by the Finnish Defence Forces abroad was calculated (based on an estimate prepared at the end of May 1940) to be around 4.6 billion marks, which, when changed to EUR 2008, amounts to around EUR 1.474 billion.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[2] The proportionation of the amount of money converted into euro must also take into account the economic potential of the Member States which have been assisted at the time.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In addition, Finland received significant international humanitarian assistance.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In order to relate the value of material obtained and procured abroad to defence expenditure of that period, according to the basic Defence Procurement Programme adopted in 1938, approximately 2.7 would have to be used for the purchase of military equipment for use by the Armed Forces over the next seven years. billion marks.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[3] Domestic military equipment The mobilisation of Finnish industry was practically carried out only after the war broke out on 30 November 1939.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Of the approximately 500 manufacturing plants earmarked for the manufacture of military equipment before the war, only 126 had had time to receive test orders or were already making war material for the needs of the defence forces.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[4] Launching the war industry while the war was already underway proved difficult, as preparations had fallen badly short in peacetime.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

It took up to a year to start production of military equipment for up to a year.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[4] Only weapons belonging to the lightest caliber classes were produced in Finland during the Winter War.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Of these weapons, the production of rifle calibenic weapons was in part even quite plentiful.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Production of pistol caliber weapons (especially submachine guns) was significant.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In addition to these, only a modest number of 37 mm pst guns (105 pcs) and a more significant number of 81 mm mortars (272 pcs) were produced.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[5] In ammunition, small gun ammunition production volumes were significant, but at no time did the production of ammunition for large-caliber guns even match consumption.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The main problems in production were particularly in the manufacture of artillery ammunition.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The trickiest turned out to be e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

manufacture of artillery shells, detonators and so-called bottom rails.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

At its most critical, for example, the manufacturing capacity of mortars could hardly be exploited because the production of detonators was lagging badly behind.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In the final stages of the war, approximately 6000 launcher mortars could be produced per day, but only 1200 pieces of detonators were completed in the same time frame.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[4] Domestic industry had prepared to manufacture only the most important of heavier equipment ammunition (81 mm krh, 76 mm, 107 mm, 122 mm and 152 mm).


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

For other gun calibers, it was entirely up to imports or had to settle for what happened to be in the stocks.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

During the war, artillery equipment of very different caliber was obtained from abroad, with ammunition also being procured, as no replenishment for ammunition was available domestically.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[6] Domestic arms production in Finland produced only weapons belonging to lighter caliber classes during the Winter War, completed in the following quantities: [7] Rifles 82,570 pcs Rapid rifles 960 pcs Machine guns 605 pcs Submachine guns 1,265 pcs Pistols 1,165 pcs Anti-tank guns (37 mm/Bofors) 105 pcs. Grenade launchers (81 mm) 272 pcs. Anti-aircraft machine guns (7.62 mm/VKT) 44 pcs.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Other products classified as weapons were not manufactured in Finland during the Winter War.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Domestic ammunition production The main production problems were particularly in the manufacture of artillery ammunition.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The trickiest turned out to be e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[4] The domestic industry was able to manufacture the following quantities of ammunition during the Winter War.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[8] Rifle cartridges (7.62 mm) 43,350,000 pcs Pistol cartridges (9.00 mm) 10,962,000 pcs PST cannon (37 mm) cartridges 18,000 pcs PST cannon (45 mm) cartridges about 30,000 pcs Mortar (81 mm) rounds 259,000 pcs Cannon rounds (76 mm) 247,000 pcs Cannon shots (107 mm) 3,700 pcs Howitzer shots (122 mm) 27,300 pcs Howitzer shots (152 mm) 6,100 pcs. Anti-aircraft cannons (76 mm) shots 21,850 pcs Foreign military supplies Finnish defence forces received during (and after) the Winter War from several countries various military equipment.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

However, determining the monetary value of military equipment definitively surrendered and sold by each country and their significance for war events is complicated by a few points [9]: The most advanced form of assistance, namely the donation of supplies, leads to the problem of how to determine the real value of relief supplies.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In the list presented by country, there is also an attempt to assign some kind of monetary value to the equipment given away for free.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

A step less political interest in helping Finland was demonstrated by the sale of military equipment from the depots of the ceding country's army.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Furthermore, the price of supplies sold from army stocks may have been close to the so-called market price, or the price may have been mainly nominal.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The comparison between different countries is also complicated by the fact that for some countries the purchase of military equipment was carried out on the so-called free market, where their prices were relatively high.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The value associated with actual combat activity is almost impossible to define, since war supplies from different countries arrived at a very different time (a significant portion only after the war).


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In addition, for example, in the case of artillery equipment, it must be noted that before the deployment of the equipment, the fleet had e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

train personnel and obtain the equipment necessary for their relocation.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The total value of the military material purchased and received by the Finnish Defence Forces abroad was calculated to be around 4.6 billion marks.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

According to the basic Defence Forces Procurement Programme adopted in 1938, around 2.7 billion marks would have to be spent on the procurement of military equipment over the next seven years.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[10] In addition, Finland received significant international humanitarian assistance.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Among the most important military equipment arrived in the country during the war, different countries surrendered or sold various military equipment to Finland, of which the lower country list lists the material assessed as the most important and their quantities.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Below the list, estimates of the monetary value of war material dispensed by the main sending countries under certain peripheral conditions are presented as its own subtitle.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In this list, countries are arranged in the order in which the monetary value of the war material they handed over was estimated to be from largest to smallest.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

[11] catalog reference this unless otherwise noted: Sweden sold or donated to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

following war material during the Winter War: Rifles 77,000 pcs + 19.2 million cartridges (6.5 mm Mauser) Quick Rifles 100 pcs (6.5 mm) PST guns 18 pcs + 46,000 cartridges (37 mm Bofors) Mortar ammunition 164,500 pieces (81 mm/of ammunition only a small fraction could be deployed) 75 mm field cannons 48 pcs (vm.-02) + 36,000 rounds and 8 pcs (vm.-40) + 20,000 shots of 76 mm cannons 42,500 pcs 105 mm field cannons 13 pcs + 4,300 rounds (12 pcs for breast use) 150 mm howitzers (vm.-06) 12 pcs + 2,730 rounds 210 mm howitzers (vm.-17) 4 pcs + 400 rounds 20 mm anti-aircraft guns 8 pcs 40 mm anti-aircraft guns 68 pcs (+ 4 pcs fixed) + 130 400 rounds 75 mm anti-aircraft guns 9 pcs Of overcoat fabric 225 km Backpacks 2,000 pcs Trucks 240 pcs Artillery tractors 26 pcs Supply machines 300 pcs (Alfa-Laval) Field radios 20 pcs Training aircraft 8 pcs Bombing/transport aircraft 1 pc (DC-2, known by the nickname Hanssin-Jukka) Koolhoven F.K.52 fighters 2 pcs Italy sold or donated to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

the following war material during the Winter War: Mortars 100 pcs (81 mm) 20 mm Breda anti-aircraft cannons 48 pcs + 192,000 rounds (192,000 more in February) 76 mm anti-aircraft cannons 12 pcs (Breda) + 24,000 rounds of artillery tractors 20 pcs Fiat G.50 — fighters 35 pieces (two of which were destroyed en route) Antenna mines 150 pieces (Navy) France sold or donated to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

following war material during the Winter War: Quick rifles 5000 pcs +11.9 million cartridges (8 mm model year -15/as a gift) Light guns 500 pcs + 20,000 rounds of ammunition Hand grenades 200,000 pcs PST guns 40 pcs + 75,000 cartridges (25 mm/10 pcs after war) PST guns 10 pcs + 28,000 cartridges (Soviet-made 45 mm guns) Grenade launchers 100 pcs + 100,000 rounds (81 mm) 75 mm field cannons (vm.-97) 12 pcs + 100,000 rounds 105 mm field cannons (vm.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

-13) 12 pcs + 16,000 rounds (missed the war effort) 155 mm field howitzers (vm.-15) 12 pcs + 16,000 rounds (missed the war effort) Rigid-lavette field cannons (vm.-77) 80 mm 12 pcs/90 mm 100 pcs/120 mm 24 pcs/155 mm 6 pcs For previous ammunition 12,000 pcs/100 pcs 000 pcs/32,000 pcs/36,000 pcs Artillery tractors 28 pcs Artillery radios 75 pcs Field cable 5,000 km Morane Saulnier 406 fighters 30 pcs (as a gift) England sold or donated to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

following war material during the Winter War: Machine guns 100 pcs + 3.9 million cartridges as a gift (7.7 mm Vickers) PST rifles 100 pcs + 28,000 cartridges (14 mm/after war 100 pcs more) Light guns 200 pcs + 5,000 cartridges Hand grenades 40,000 pcs Attack wagon mines 5,000 pcs 84 mm field cannons 7 pcs + 30,000 rounds (missed the war effort) 114 mm howitzers 25 pcs + 25,000 rounds 152 mm coastal guns 7 pcs + 6,000 rounds (missed the war effort) 40 mm anti-aircraft cannons 7 pcs (Vickers) 76 mm anti-aircraft cannons 24 25 000 pairs of trousers, only some of which could be distributed and a large number of them were returned too small.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Artillery tractors 28 pcs Gloster Gladiator fighters 30 pcs (as a gift) Hawker Hurricane fighters 8 pcs (the remaining 3 pcs of promised after the war, one destroyed on the way) Bristol Blenheim bombers 24 pcs (two different models) Seamines 300 pcs Belgium sold or donated to Finland among others.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

following war material during the Winter War: Pistols 7,456 pcs (7.65 and 9.00 mm/FN and Parabellum brands) Quick Rifles 700 pcs + 6.8 million cartridges (7.92 mm Browning) Light guns 550 pcs + 60,000 cartridges 120 mm field howitzers (vm.-99) 13 pcs + 23,900 rounds (not had time for the war effort) the United States sold or donated to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

the following war material during the Winter War: 44 pieces of Brewster fighters (8 pcs entered the country during the Winter War) Ammunition was sold or donated to Finland by Hungary e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

the following war material during the Winter War: Rifles 300 pcs (7.62 mm) Hand grenades 300,000 pcs PST rifles 30 pcs + 3,300 cartridges (8.00 mm) Mortars 16 pcs (81 mm/late stage of war) 40 mm anti-aircraft guns 12 pcs + 10,000 rounds (Bofors) Grenades 76 mm 75,000 pcs, 81 mm 30,000 pcs and 122 mm 16 000 pcs Steel helmets 75,000 pcs Kovacs outboard motors 100 pcs Field radios 180 pcs Norway sold or donated to Finland mm.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

the following war material during the Winter War: 75 mm field cannons 12 pcs + 12,000 rounds Backpacks 37,000 pcs Ski boots 90,000 pairs Snowsuits 40 000 pcs Denmark sold or donated to Finland mm.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

following war material during the Winter War: Trucks 50 pcs as a gift of 20 mm anti-aircraft guns 28 pieces (arrived after the Winter War), with volunteers 17 pcs.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Spain sold to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

the following war material during the Winter War: The field cable 2,000 km Switzerland sold to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

the following war material during the Winter War: PST rifles and ammunition, most of which reached Finland only after the Winter War.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Germany sold to Finland e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

following war material during the Winter War: 20 mm anti-aircraft cannons 20 pcs + 100,000 rounds (already previously received in November 30) South Africa donated e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The following military material during the Winter War: 25 pieces of Gloster Gauntlet training fighter aircraft, in addition to these batches of defence materials that arrived in the country during the Winter War, a large quantity of defensive material arrived in Finland shortly after the conclusion of the Moscow intermediate peace.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Some examples of these: from Italy 100,000 pcs 7.35 mm Terni rifles from Italy 2,560 pistols from France 100 pcs 7.50 mm Chatelle-Rault speed rifles + one million cartridges from Switzerland, France and Belgium for a total of 774 pst- guns (different brands) from Switzerland 27 pst- Rifles (20 mm) from Belgium 1,500 light guns from Spain 36 pcs 114 mm field howitzers from the United States 2,000 light guns from the United States 200 pcs of 75 mm field cannons and 32 203 mm high howitzers from the US 3,900 Ford trucks or chassis (part of very low cost mm.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

one batch of 1,000 pieces was only $326) [13] An estimate of the value of military equipment received abroad by country, for reasons previously mentioned, this is only an estimate of the monetary value of military equipment sold and/or disposed of by each country.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In addition, some considerations regarding the entry or inentry into Finland of military equipment sold or disposed of by that country and e.g.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

the fact that there has been an effort to determine even a monetary value for supplies given away for free [14]: Sweden was definitely Finland's most aided country.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Sweden sold or handed over military equipment to Finland worth a total of about 1,470 million marks.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

The sum, converted to EUR 2008, was approximately EUR 471 million.


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

In addition, Sweden took care of the costs of Svenska Frivilligkåren, which amounted to around 500 million marks (approximately EUR 160 million).


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Italy sold military equipment to Finland for a total of around 790 million marks (around 253 million valued in 2008).


Question: Were three different versions of the 130/50 N cannon produced?

Italy's most significant arms deal involved Fiat fighter jets.