Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

At that time, present-day Central Finland was still part of the counties of Vaasa, Häme, Kuopio and Kymenkartano and was quite sparsely populated.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Roadwork was limited in the area, and the most significant crossing points included the intersection of highways at Lauka in Koivisto, where, among other things, a post office was located.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[5] Jyväskylä — which became the capital of the province — was founded in 1837.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

At the same time, Central Finland also began to develop into a province among others, although there were still clear cultural differences between the Hämäläinen tribe and the Savonian tribe in the region, for example in agricultural tools such as sickles.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The economy developed thanks to the establishment of the town, but also due to the construction of a canal between Keitele and Päijänne.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

New features came to the local building technology: although the reformers still rebuilt their dwelling rooms as inwarm-up smokestacks, houses with chimney and glass windows were built near the villages.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[5] The first Finnish-language educational institution in the country, the Jyväskylä Lyceum, was established in Central Finland in 1858.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

In 1863, the Jyväskylä National School Teacher Seminar started its activities and in 1864 the Jyväskylä Girls' School.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

These events elevated the national significance and status of Central Finland and Jyväskylä.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Gradually, the capital of the province developed into a centre of Finnish-speaking civilisation, as folk school assemblies were held in Jyväskylä and regular Finnish singing and playing parties.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The People's Enlightenment Society and several other popular enlightenment projects originated in Jyväskylä.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[6] In addition to culture and education, the economy also began to flourish in Central Finland at the end of the 19th century.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Forest resources were exploited starting in the 1870s and enabled many new investments and industrialisation.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

This also affected the building stock.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Furnaces were built to be outwarmed in the wealthiest houses, stone barns became common, and the number of yard buildings increased on farms.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Transport links were also improved.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

New steamboat connections were created, the use of the electric telegraph became more common, and the condition of the roads improved.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[6] The concept of Central Finland and the concept of Central Finland as approximately the territory of the present province became established quite late.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

For example, in the Great Encyclopedia of the 1930s, the search term “Jyväskylä” indicates that Jyväskylä is located in Northern Häme, and Jyväskylä is defined as a city belonging to Häme also for the search term “Häme”.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Although Jyväskylä is still mentioned in the Great Encyclopedia in the 1930s as a northern city, the concept and identity of Central Finland developed earlier.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

In the 1850s, Wolmar Schildt, a district doctor in Jyväskylä, proposed the creation of a county in Central Finland.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The county was not established until more than a century later, but the concept of a unified Central Finland was strengthened.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

A restaurant in Jyväskylä was based in Keski-Suomi and a newspaper with the same name appeared since 1871.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

In turn, the first performance of the Keski-Finland Regional Song, was already in 1920.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[6] The Museum of Central Finland was founded in 1931 as a result of a powerful provincial cause.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

It was not until the Central Finland County began operations on 1 March 1960 that Central Finland became a completely clear-bordered province.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The province of Central Finland first meant the entire area of the county.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Later, when the municipality of Kuhmoiste was annexed to Central Finland County, it was said that the province of Central Finland comprises the county of Central Finland except the municipality of Kuhmoiste.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The present province of Central Finland is larger than the Central Finland province of Central Finland since Kuhmoinen also belongs to the province of Central Finland and, besides, Kuorevesi and parts of Längelmäe, which were part of Pirkanmaa, have been connected to Jämä.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The accompanying 1920s map shows how the province was divided into different counties: the western part to Vaasa County, the southern part to Häme County, the eastern part to Kuopio County (Hankasalmi, Konnevesi) and the south-east to Mikkeli County (Luhanka, Leivonmäki, Joutsa).


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The map also shows that south-north directions of water affected movement at the time.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Thus, when going from Jyväskylä towards Mikkeli, we had to go through Lauka.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Shipping was an important part of the transport network when roads were sparse.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Dialects Central Finland belongs to the region of Savonian dialects.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

In northern central Finland, the Middle Finnish dialect is spoken, a branch of the Savonian dialects.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

In southern central Finland, the Päijät-Häme dialect is spoken all the way up to Jyväskylä, which, despite its name, belongs to the Savolais and not Hämäläinen dialects.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Central Finland was originally inhabited by Hämälians, so the dialects of Central Finland have a hammy basis, which was partially covered by Savonian dialects under the influence of the later Savonian expansion, particularly towards northern central Finland.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The current dialects of Central Finland reflect the power relations of the original populations in different parts of the province: Hämäläinen in the south and Savonians in the north.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[7] The Middle Finnish dialect differs from other Savonian dialects, among other things, by the absence of a Prenesens' p-ending (in Central Finland it is not said drinker but drink).


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Päijät-Häme dialects are characterized, unlike most Savonian dialects, by the absence of universal gemination (not to say tekkee but does).


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[8] The most distinctive subdialect of Päijät-Häme is the Jämsä speech parsi.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

It includes such forms as comii 'handsome', pimii 'dark', verkkuk 'net', plows' ploughs', tulii 'comes', mänii 'goes' and says 'says'.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[9] Tourism Central Finland declared itself a sauna province in September 2015.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Tourists want to offer sauna facilities and event collaborations are developed around the sauna, such as visits to sauna and stove factories.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[10] [11]) Municipalities Lua error in module:location_map/Multi at line 27: Unable to find the specified location map definition: “Module:Location map/data/Central Finland” does not exist.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Today there are 23 municipalities in the province of Central Finland, 6 of which are cities.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The location of the municipal centres is shown on the accompanying map.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Hankasalmi Joutsa Jyväskylä Town Jämsä Town Kannonkoski Karstula Keuruu Town Kinnula Kivijärvi Konnevesi Kuhmoinen Kyyjärvi Laukaa Luhanka Multia Muurame Petäjävesi Pihtipudas Saarijärvi Town Toivakka Uurainen City of Viitasaari City of Äänekoski Former Central Finland Municipalities Jyväskylä Rural Municipality Jämsänkoski Town Konginkangas Korpilahti Koskenpää Leivonmäki Pihlajavesi Pylkönmäki Sumiainen Suolahti Town Säynätsalo Äänekoski rural municipality Sub-regional units Joutsa sub-region Jyväskylä sub-region Jämsä sub-region Keuruu sub-region Saarijärven—Viitasaari sub-region Äänekoski sub-region Kuhmoinen transferred in 1974 from Häme County to Central Finland County and later joined also to the province of Central Finland.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Kuhmoinen will move from Central Finland to Pirkanmaa with the social services reform at the beginning of 2019.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[12] Major agglomerations In 2017, 46 agglomerations were located in Central Finland.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[13] The 10 largest conurbations in the province are listed below.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

The central drive corresponding to the provincial centre is shown in bold.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

Population trend The following graph shows the population trend of the province every five years since 1980.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

On 1 January 2017, the regional division used is in accordance with the situation.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

However, between 1980 and 2005 the population of the municipality of Längelmäki, which was divided in two, has been completely counted as part of Jämä in Central Finland.


Question: Which cities are counted as belonging to Western Finland?

Province of Central Finland

[1] See also Coats of arms of municipalities in Central Finland List of national schools in Central Finland Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Voutilainen, Heli-Maija| title = Central Finland: is that province too? | location = Jyväskylä| publisher = Central Finland Museo| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-96309-9-6}} On topic elsewhere Avoinmuseo.fi's website * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

Yang di-Pertuan Agong (Jawi: يدرتوان ااو), also known as King of Malaysia, is the head of state of Malaysia.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

The Malaysian statesmanship is a constitutional monarchy, but unlike most other monarchies, the title of king of the country is not hereditary; instead, kings are chosen from among the sultans of the states of the country.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

Sultans elect a king from among them for five years at a time.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

[1] [2] Choice Malaysia is the only country in the world where kingship is itinerant.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

Kingship is not inherited from generation to generation; instead, the rulers of the nine Sultanates of Malaysia elect a king of the country from among the sultans for five years at a time.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

The kingship rotates alternately among the sultans of the nine sultanates.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

The itinerant kingship has been intended to create stability in the country, without giving supremacy to any of the ruler families of the country.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

[3] [4] [5] Of the 13 states of Malaysia, sultanates include Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Perak, Pahang, Perlis, Selangor and Terengganu.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

The Sultan's power is usually inherited to the eldest son of the Sultan.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

Of the Malaysian states, Malacca, Penang, Sarawak and Sabah, are states led by the governor.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

The country's king appoints governors to their posts for four-year terms.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

Governors, like sultans, are not religious leaders, nor are they part of the Sultan Council, which elects the king of the country.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

[4] The role of the king is representative only in Malaysia and the Prime Minister is the supreme authority in the country.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

The country's sultanate system represents the traditional Malay exalted culture.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

The king is also the religious leader of the country's Muslims.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

In Malaysia, the sultan-institution is taboo, and sultans have enjoyed before the law immunity.


Question: Who was Malaysia's first ruler?

King of Malaysia

[3] [2] Malaysian Kings Sources * Category:Rulers


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The Kveen language (Queenic language), also the Kainu language is one of Norway's official minority languages.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

[1] It is spoken in the counties of Finnmark and Tromsø (Ruija).


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

There were approximately 5,000 speakers of Queen in 1998. [2].


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The status of Kveen as an independent language is disputed and linguistically it consists of Ruija dialects that rely on the Persian dialects of the Finnish language.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

[3] The Norwegian and Northern Sámi languages have been lexically influenced, for example “tykäläinen”, like Norwegian, means German.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

However, the dominant language of Finland understands Ruija dialects.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

History The Finnish language was appreciated in Northern Norway even in the early 19th century.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

There was a natural trilingualism between Norwegian, Finnish and Northern Sami in the region, and the language was changed according to which asked.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The fact that Norwegians, Finns and Sami pursued livelihoods in different fields enabled each language to have its own specialty.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Fishing was spoken in Norwegian, farming in Finnish and reindeer herding in Northern Sami.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The Church of Norway and the school organized Finnish and Northern Sámi language instruction for children.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

At the Tromsø Seminary, Finnish and Northern Sámi languages were subjects.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Teaching and speaking Finnish was banned in school dormitories and recess classes in the late 19th century.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Pupils were also punished for using the language.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The teaching ban was in force until 1940, although in some schools Finnish was used as an auxiliary language until 1936.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The sharp decline in the status of the language and Quens was due to the influences of ultra-nationalism and social darvinism of the late 19th century, as well as the Finnish danger posed by the Greater Suomi cause of the early decades of Finland's independence in Norway.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The lack of self-language teaching and societal changes caused the language spoken by the Quens to begin to differentiate, “falling behind” from what was spoken in Finland.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The vocabulary of the society's specialties shifted from the Norwegian language.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

In the absence of self-language instruction, writing and literacy developed into Norwegian.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

As a voluntary language there was an opportunity to teach Finnish since 1969.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Finnish language teaching was resumed at the University of Tromsø and the University of Ruija in 1977.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

According to Norwegian scholar Terje Aronsen, the language spoken by the Quens was not Finnish and he gave it the name Quene.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

As the language of instruction, Quene was introduced alongside Finnish in Porsang's Pyssyjoki in 1983.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The issue was met with firm opposition at the time, as Quene was considered by many to be a barking masword.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Over time, however, the designation stabilized into use.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Theories about connections between Quens and historical Kainulas have also led to the introduction of the kainu name.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

This name is used by Ruijan Kaiku magazine, among others. [4].


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Quene, on the other hand, has been adopted as an official name for the International Science Glossary.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

[5] Quene was granted official minority language status in 2005 and it enabled the study of Queen at the University of Tromsø from the beginning of 2006.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The current situation The teaching of Queen at the University of Tromsø is divided into Quene language and Quene cultural history.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The aim is also to create Queen's own literary language and to revive the spoken language, as well as collaborating with Swedish Meän-speakers.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Ruijan Queeniliiton (per.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

1987) aims at the preservation and development of Quene language and culture.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

As the national center of Kveen language and culture is the Kainu Institute, which opened on Gunsyriver in 2007.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The Institute's work responsibilities include the administration of the Queen Language Board and providing information on language and culture.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The main objectives are to develop, document and make known Quene language and culture and to promote the use of the language in society.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Dialects There are two dialect areas: East Ruija dialects and West Ruija dialects, with the latter also being the northern part of the Tromsø fylke.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Against the background of the differences in the regions is the migration to Ruija and connections to the Finnish region around the time.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

In West Ruija, where the first Finnish-speaking inhabitants arrived as early as the Middle Ages, the development of the language from Finnish to its own language was much longer than in Eastern Ruija, where people moved from Finnish territory considerably later.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

The Queens of Eastern Ruija have had closer links with Finland than in the west.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

In the East, most people perceive their languages as Finnish and not Queen.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Sample Queenic language Quene [6] Quaonic language is the language I have spoken and still speak here, and what I have survived through decay and Norse as a minurity language.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

In my opinion, Torniolakso's “meikan kieliki” is the old Queenian language or vanhaala meiđän kielelä kaihnuunkieliel.Finnish language Kveen language is the language spoken and still spoken by the Quens today, which has survived the Swedish language and through Norwegianisation as a minority language.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

In my opinion, the “meänkiel” of Torniolaakso is the old Quene language or in our old language the Kainu language.


Question: In what year have languages started to be explored?

Queen language

Sources on the topic Elsewhere in Queenic Wikipedia in Hautomossa (yle.fi) (yle.fi) Category:Persian dialects Category:Norwegian languages Category:Minority languages Category:Kveen


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The Khmer Empire (also Angkor, the Khmer name used was Kambuja [1]) was a Hindu-Buddhist kingdom in Southeast Asia from 802—1431.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The core region of the kingdom was present-day Cambodia and at its most extensive it controlled large parts of present-day Laos, Thailand, Myanmar and Vietnam.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Most capitals of the kingdom were located in Angkor, the largest city in the pre-industrial period world: it had an area of 3000 square kilometres [2] and a population of 700,000 to 1900000 [3] [4].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The Khmer Empire was preceded by Chenla, the Khmer First Kingdom.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The period of the Khmer Empire began in 802 when King Jayavarman II established the kingdom.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The kingdom is considered to have ended in 1431, when Angkor was destroyed by the Kingdom of Ayutthaya.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[5] The most significant cultural remnants of the Khmer Empire are the numerous temples built by the rulers.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The rulers built their own temple entities, and some of the rulers new capitals.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The most famous temple of the Khmer Empire is Angkor Wat.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

An extensive artificial irrigation system was also required for construction skills.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Khmer society was clearly divided into two classes, the elite and the common people.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The God-King was the representative of the gods on earth, and most of the common people lived in slavery.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

History Birth Chenla, the predecessor of the Khmer Empire, had likely been a vassal state of the Javanese Sailendra before the reign of Jayavarman II (ca.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[6] According to some historians, Jayavarman would have stayed in Sailendra either voluntarily or as a prisoner of war before returning to Chenla.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[5] Jayavarman II unified the territory of Cambodia and established the Khmer Empire around 802.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The year has also traditionally been considered to be the beginning of Jayavarman's reign, but more recent research suggests that his reign began as early as around the year 770.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

As the capital of the new kingdom, Jayavarman established Hariharalaya, which survived as the Khmer capital in the 8th century.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[7] Angkor period Indravarman I (reigned ca.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

877—889) succeeded in expanding the kingdom without war, and the Kingdom encompassed territory larger than present-day Cambodia.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[5] Major construction projects of the Indravarman period were the Preah Ko and Bakong temples.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[8] In addition, he developed an artificial irrigation system [5].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

After him, his son Yasovarman I (reigned ca.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Yasovarman had to fight for power with his brother.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Presumably the capital Hariharalaya was badly destroyed in the fighting, and therefore Yasovarman built Yasodharapura, the first capital of the kingdom at Angkor, as his new capital.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

It was a fortified city with sides four miles long.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The centre of the town was the temple of Phnom Bakheng.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Yasovarman also built a large artificial basin in his capital, the so-called eastern baray.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[8] Yasovarman's reign was followed by decades of political divide.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[8] Jayavarman IV (reigned 928—ca.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

941) built a new capital at Koh Ker.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[9] Rajendravarman II (reigned 944 — ca.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

968) unified the kingdom and moved the capital to the rear Yasodharapura.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Under Rajendravarman II, the kingdom expanded in the west to the borders of present-day Myanmar, and in the east he conquered territories from Champa.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

With the conquests, the Khmer Empire grew stronger and prosperous.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

At the same time, power was increasingly concentrated in Angkor.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Rajendravarman's most notable construction projects were the temples of Pre Rup and East Mebon.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[10] Rajendravarman II's son Jayavarman V (reigned ca.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

968 — approx.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

1000) built Jayendranagar as the new capital.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Its location is uncertain, but its centre is thought to have been Ta Keo, Angkor's first temple made entirely of sandstone.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[11] The power struggle that began after the death of Jayavarman V eventually led to civil war between Suryavarman I (reigned 1002—1050) and Jayaviravarman (reigned 1003—1010).


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Jayaviravarman ruled in Angkor and Suryavarman I in the eastern parts of the kingdom.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Suryavarman I regained control of Angkor in 1010, and became king of the Khmer people.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[12] Suryavarman favored commerce via river and land routes to China and Vietnam, and international commerce through the South China Sea.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Suryavarman is remembered above all for the western baray he built, the largest reservoir in Angkor.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[13] Suryavarman II Suryavarman II (reigned 1113—1150) is considered one of the most prominent Khmer rulers.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[5] He apparently rose to power after killing the previous king, Dharanindravarman I. Suryavarman II quickly established a friendship with China.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

He initiated extensive war efforts in the East as well as in the West and expanded the empire to become even larger.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In the east, Suryavarman II made war against Đại Việt and Champaa.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In the Champa region, the Khmer people managed to conquer the Vijaya region (in present-day Bình Định Province).


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In the west, the kingdoms of central Thailand remained under Khmer rule.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

According to the Chinese Song Shi chronicle (12th century), the Khmer Empire was bounded on the north by the Champa, on the east by the sea, on the west by the Kingdom of Pagan, and on the south by the Kingdom of Grah.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[14] Suryavarman II's time of death is not known exactly, but the last drawing inscription of him dates from 1145.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

However, it is very likely that he still ruled during the Champa War Expedition of 1145—1150.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[14] Under Suryavarman II, the worship of Shiva had receded and the worship of Vishnu had taken its place.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Suryavarman II built many temples, the most famous of which is Angkor Wat.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[5] Historian George Cœdès considered Angkor Wat to be a masterpiece of Khmer art [14].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The death of Jayavarman VII Suryavarman II was followed by unrest, [5] and thereafter many conquered territories wanted to break away from Khmer rule.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

As early as 1155, envoys from the Thai Kingdom of Lavo visited the Chinese court.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

A plotline inscription has also been found dating to 1167 that tells of an independent king in the Nakhon Sawan region.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Champa, in turn, had concluded peace with Đại Việt in 1170 and started a war against the Khmer forces.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The attack by land was not successful but by water their managed to conquer and destroy Angkor in 1177.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[15] Jayavarman VII (reigned 1181—1218) was the last of the great kings of Angkor [5].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Jayavarman VII started fighting against the conquistadors and unified and pacified the kingdom by 1181.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In 1190 he resumed war against Champaa and succeeded in gaining control of Vijaya for a short time.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Jayavarman VII took over in 1203 all of Champa, which existed as a Khmer province until 1220.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[16] Jayavarman VII also expanded the Khmer Empire in other ways: from Thailand to Laos in the north, the Mekong Delta region in the south and the Malaka Peninsula on the Thai side.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

To the west, the kingdom bordered present-day Myanmar.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[5] [3] The expansion of the kingdom was followed by numerous construction projects, including the 225 kilometre long highway from Angkor to Phimai.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The road is still noticeable from aerial photography, and restoration of the section on the Thai side has begun in the 2000-decade.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[3] [17] Jayavarman VII established a new capital in the Angkor region, Angkor Thom, which was a fortified city spanning three square kilometres.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The center of the town was the Bayon Temple.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Other notable temples in Angkor Thom were Ta Prohm and Prah Khan.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[3] The decline and destruction of the kingdom after the reign of Jayavarman VII began the Khmer Empire's two centuries of decline.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The building activity of the kings stopped completely.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

However, kings still lived luxuriously, as evidenced in a 13th-century travelogue by Chinese chronicler Zhou Daguan.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[3] He stayed in Angkor for a year and wrote accurate descriptions of life in Angkor [5].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

As early as 1283, the kingdom was so weakened that it had to pay the Mongols led by Kublai Khan a vassal tax [5].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The Thais wandered south even before the Mongols came, and in time began attacking the Khmer Empire.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In the west, the Thaite kingdoms — first Sukhothai and then Ayutthaya [3], rose under threat to the kingdom.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Between 1350 and 1430, the Khmer and Ayutthaya were apparently in a constant state of war.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Ayutthaya finally conquered Angkor in 1431.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[5] However, the Khmer people were able to drive out the conquistadors, but moved the whole city and its million population to the territory of present-day Phnom Penh [5].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The traditional explanation for the decadence and destruction of the Khmer Empire is the rise of the Thai kingdoms.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[3] One of the reasons must also have been the instability of power structures.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

With the internationalization of commerce, the remotest provinces gradually began to become increasingly independent.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Moreover, Buddhism, which began in the 13th century, changed the values of society and thus contributed significantly to the decline of the Khmer Empire.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[3] However, other reasons have also been given for the weakening and destruction of the kingdom.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

One of the most popular is environmental disaster.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The Angkor region, with a population of 700,000 to 1900000, depended on an artificial irrigation system that had been in place since the 9th century.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

However, erosion and sedimentation had crippled the system so much that it would have eventually collapsed.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Although scholars do not agree on the importance of the artificial irrigation system to the Khmer economy, environmental factors have unquestionably played a role in the decadence of the Khmer Empire.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[3] [4] The drought in many places around the world, which began in the 13th century, has been suggested as a weakening of the Khmerienk Empire.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Instead of drought, major floods may have jolted the irrigation system.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The cholera that raged among the Thaites may have spread among the Khmer especially during the flood. [18].


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Large-scale and expensive construction projects during Jayavarman VII have also been suggested as the cause of decadence and destruction.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

However, it does not explain how the Khmer Empire might have been destroyed, even though at the same time the first states emerged in Southeast Asia.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[3] State and social order in the Khmer Empire religion and state were closely intertwined.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The supreme of the cosmic order were the gods, and their representative was the god-king on earth.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The king's power is symbolized by the linga, for which each ruler built a temple in the center of the capital.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The king's court was the center of everything, and was surrounded by an extensive temple area.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[19] Khmer society had split sharply into two classes, the elite and the common people.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The elite included royalty, civil servants and wealthy landowners.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The common people were either free people or slaves.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The freemen were small landowners, artisans, and temple and administrative officers.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

However, much of the common people were slaves, with temples, wealthy families and small landowners as owners.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[19] Commerce grew in importance during the 10th and 12th centuries, necessitating the creation of some form of local government.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

At the local level, power was exercised by officials appointed by the monarch, who constituted their own elite class known as “varna” within the country's elite.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Officials represented the king in the provinces and conveyed the surplus wealth to the capital, where it was used to finance, among other things, the construction of temples.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In the administration of the provinces, the local market played a significant role.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Temples were normally always in the vicinity of markets.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

All of these formed a network of dependencies based on reciprocity, linking the provinces to the capital.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[20] Economy The basis of the Khmer Empire's economy was rice cultivation, fishing, income from commerce, taxation and a compulsory system of labor service.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

There are no precise records of land use because archaeology has focused mainly on preservation and restoration of ancient relics rather than actual research.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

According to the Chinese chronicle of the late 13th century, up to four harvests were obtained per year.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Numerous harvests were likely based on the efficient use of the floodplain areas of Lake Tonle Sap, such that the area newly freed from beneath the flood was always taken up for cultivation.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[21] The basic prerequisite for the economy of the Angkor region was an artificial irrigation system, which was a complex network of reservoirs (baray) and canals.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The most significant construction projects of many monarchs were related to the maintenance and development of an artificial irrigation system.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[21] The artificial irrigation system covered an area of more than a thousand square kilometers in size and was in use for about 500 years.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

It effectively exploited both groundwater, rainwater, Tonle Sap Lake and rivers flowing from the Kulen Mountains.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[4] Documentary sources indicate that a value-based economic system has been in common use in the region since around the 600—7th centuries.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

However, no evidence has been found for the use of the money.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Until the 12th century, the Khmer economy was based on income from commerce, taxation and labour service.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

This has also been put forward as a reason for the Khmer kings' willingness to conquer new territories.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Since the Khmer economic system was based on these reciprocal dependencies — again based solely on raw labour — the only way to increase prosperity was to conquer new territories and thus gain more labour.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[21] In the 13th century, the fundamentals of the Khmer Empire's economy began to change.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The kingdom gradually moved away from an economic system based on military conquests towards international commerce.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

By the time of entering the 15th century, the Khmer Empire was an integral part of the Chinese-led trading network.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The changing economy may have been the result of the rise of Theravada Buddhism as the prevailing religion.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Unlike Hinduism, Theravada Buddhism was characterized by more egalitarian power structures.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

At the same time, the concept of a god king derived from Hinduism was also abandoned


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[21] Culture Literature on Khmer literature has not survived other than drawing inscriptions.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Drawing inscriptions are considered to be of a high standard in writing, and based on them it has been assumed that the Khmer people have had their own extensive literary tradition.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

However, the tropical climate has destroyed natural materials likely used as writing material, such as palm leaves and possibly paper imported from China as well.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

With certainty, it can only be said that the Khmer people adopted at least Indian Purana literature as well as the Ramayana and Mahabharata epics.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[22] The art of painting Khmer painting has been completely destroyed in the tropical climate.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Indications of the art of painting of the Khemers have been obtained from the Templar reliefs.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Some templar reliefs are hundreds of metres long, often depicting the Khmer main myth of the Milk Sea.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Other important subjects include the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and my own history.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[23] Dance Dance played a central role in the rituals of temples and court.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Like many other Southeast Asian cultures, Khmer dance was also integrally associated with magical powers.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

There may have been as many as thousands of dancers in the temples.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Based on the Templar reliefs, it has been inferred that the Khmer people would have adopted Indian dance through Java.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The energetic leg bends and hand gestures typical of Indian dance have been depicted in many Templar reliefs.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The stamp-giving feature of the dance was also the extreme back bends of the fingers.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Male dancers perform in reliefs in turn in poses that correspond to those of the performers of the demon parts of contemporary dance.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

When Angkor was conquered by the Kingdom of Ayutthaya in 1431, the dance tradition passed to Ayutthaya, as holders of magical powers, dancers were an essential part of the spoils of war.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[23] Architecture as the culmination of Khmer culture can be considered architecture.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The outright construction frenzy of Khmer rulers is probably unmatched in history.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Each ruler built (or at least tried to) his own complex of temples, and many rulers even built a whole new capital.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The Khmer rulers have been said to be the greatest builders in world art history.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The most impressive result of the building frenzy is the temple at Angkor Wat.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Lesser attention has been received by Angkor's artificial irrigation system, the construction and maintenance of which also required plenty of manpower.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The building frenzy of Khmer rulers is also considered one part of the reason for the Khmer Empire's downfall.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[24] Temples The starting points of Khmer temple architecture were the temple tower, or prang, developed from a square-based temple, and a terrace pyramid from the Sanjaya dynasty of Java.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The base formula was based on the mandala.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Sculpture was an integral part of architecture from the outset, and its bearing principle was symbolism.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[24] The base formulas of the temple complexes had a cosmological, symbolic meaning: in the center is Mount Meru, surrounded by four temple towers, surrounded in turn by lesser mountain ranges and seas.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The water pools, canals and moats surrounding the temples were, for example, not only symbolic but also an integral part of the artificial irrigation system.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The temples are usually oriented towards the east, as they were dedicated to Shiva, who lived in the east.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[25] [26] The first pure representative of Khmer architecture is the Bakong Temple at Hariharalaya in Roluos District.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Its construction was initiated by Indravarman I (as ruler 877—889).


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The Bakong Temple first combined the terrace pyramid and the prang temple towers, which were placed on the edges of the plains and in the centre of the temple.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[24] Around the turn of the 8th and 9th centuries the capital changed to Yasodharapura Angkor district.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Built by Yashovarman I (as ruler 889—910), Phnom Bakheng is the first example of the seamless fusion of architecture and sculpture.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

During the Yasodharapura period, the rulers also built the first system of artificial irrigation, the decay of which led to the capital being moved away from Angkor.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Rajendravarman (as ruler 944—968) moved the capital back to Yasodharapura and rehabilitated the artificial irrigation system.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Rajendravarman embarked on numerous building projects, and the architecture of his time is characterized by a sophisticated style, the clearest examples of which is the temple of Banteay Srei.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Banteay Srei was, moreover, one of the few temples in Angkor that was not associated with the king cult.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[27] Rajendravarman's successors systematically expanded Angkor's palace grounds.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The palace buildings, made of wood, have not survived, but the Chinese who visited it were muted by their magnificence.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In the center of the area was the temple of Phimeanakas as the center of the god-king cult, which exceptionally had a rectangular shape.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

At its top is the Khmer's first known vaulted stone gallery, where, according to the belief, the ruler joined each night with a female figure nāga.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[27] Suryavarman II (hallway 1113—1150) was one of the most important builders of Angkor.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The Angkor Wat temple built by him is generally regarded as the culmination of classical Khmer art.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

It is exceptional in many respects.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

It measures 1.3 km x 1.5 km and is surrounded by a 250 m wide moat.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Different from other temples, it opens to the west rather than east.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

It also does not use the axiality and fake perspective typical of Khmer architecture.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Long straight views, on the other hand, have been cut off so that when approaching the centre, a new perspective on the whole opens up from each entry.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The reason for these deviations is thought to be the influence of Chinese architecture, which is additionally visible, for example, in the dimensions of the bricks and the ratios of the roofs.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[27] The last great builder of the Khmer people was Jayavarman VII (as ruler 1181—1218).


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

After the occupation of Champaa, Jayavarman VII established Angkor Thom as the new capital, which is considered the culmination of pictorial Khmer architecture.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

The whole city is one big pictorial programme about the birth myth of the Vishnu world, the Milk Sea.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In the center of the city, Mount Meru is represented by the Temple of Bayon.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

In terms of layout, Bayon adheres to the mandala.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Its most peculiar feature is the four-way looking human faces at the top of the prang temple towers.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Their symbolism is not known with certainty, but they are presumed to present Lokesvara.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[27] Artificial irrigation system Along with the monumental buildings, the most significant construction projects of many kings were related to the Angkor Artificial Irrigation System, a complex system of canals and reservoirs (baray).


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[28] Rulers [9] Beginning in 1300, Khmer and Thaite court chronicles give conflicting accounts of rulers.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

[8] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Bean, Rachel et al.| title = World and Its Peoples: Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam| publisher = Marshall Cavendish Corporation| year = 2007| id = ISBN 9780761476399| format = [online version]}} Citation error, replace {{ cite book| author = Cœdès, Georges| title = Les États hindouisés d'Indochine et d'Indonésie| publisher = DE BROCARD| year = 1944| language = (in French) | format = [online version] | accessdate = 19.1.2011}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Weakkilä-Horn, Ja-Leena & Miettinen, Jukka O.| title = Southeast Asia.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

History and cultures| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2000 (2nd edition 2005) | id = ISBN 951-1-15771-X}} Stark, Miriam T.: “Pre-Angkorian and Angkorian Cambodia” in Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Glover, Ian & Bellwood, Peter| title = Southeast Asia .


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

From prehistory to history| location = New York| publisher = Routledge Curzon Press| year = 2004| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled the Khmer Empire?

Khmer Empire

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.| format = [online version] (PDF) | accessdate = 2.1.2011| page= 89—119}} References Category:93 Asian History Category:History of Cambodia Category:History of Laos Category:History of Vietnam Category:History of Myanmar History Category:Hindu-Buddhist Kingdoms Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: What is included in the immunological system?

Lymphatic system

The lymphatic system () is formed by lymphoid tissue.


Question: What is included in the immunological system?

Lymphatic system

Lymphatic tissue is present in the body, e.g.


Question: What is included in the immunological system?

Lymphatic system

in the lymph nodes, spleen and thymus gland.


Question: What is included in the immunological system?

Lymphatic system

Characteristic for lymphoid tissue are lymph cells, namely lymphocytes, precursors to these, and further developed cell forms.


Question: What is included in the immunological system?

Lymphatic system

See also lymphatic lymph immunology Category:Organ systems Category:Immunology


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

List of MPs from 1907 onwards.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

The list is organised by parliamentary group.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

The same person may have been in more than one group, in which case they are marked for all the groups they represent.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

The figures in parentheses after the names indicate the years in which an MP has served in a group under the title.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

If the representative has changed the group during the parliamentary term or at the elections immediately following the legislature, this is indicated by an arrow (→).


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

With markings aik.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

and later.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

means a situation where a representative has entered Parliament from a different party over a single election earlier or later.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

For these entries, the list is short and some of these are still marked with three points (...).


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Embryonic Central Group Sulo Aittoniemi (K.→1999—2003) Democratic Alternative Matti Kautto (SKDL→1986—1987) Mikko Kuoppa (SKDL→1986—1987).


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Vas.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Ensio Laine (SKDL→1986 [1] —1990→Vas.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Marja-Liisa Löyttyjärvi (SKDL→1986—1990→left)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Irma Rosnell (SKDL→1986—1987) Marjatta Stenius-Kaukonen (SKDL→1986—1990→left)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Sten Söderström (SKDL→1986—1987) Esko-Juhani Tennilä (SKDL→1986—1990→left)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Seppo Toiviainen (SKDL→1986 [1] —1987) Pirkko Turpeinen (SKDL→1986 [1] —1987) Parliamentary Group Juvonen Arja Juvonen (PS→2017→PS) Parliamentary Group Kulhia Liisa Kulhia (CENT.→1985—1987) Parliamentary Group Puhjo Veijo Puhjo (VAS.→1995—1996→VA-R) Group Grass Veera Grass (PS→2017 → Eoc.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Parliamentary Group Virtanen Party: Ecological Party Greens/Variegated “Party” — Pertti “Veltto” Virtanen (1995—1999, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

PS) Representative Väyrynen/Seven Star Movement Paavo Väyrynen (CENT.→2018—) Hannu Suhonen Parliamentary Group Hannu Suhonen (SMP→1994—1995) Patriotic People's Movement Reino Ala-Kulju (1932—1939, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Eoc.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Vilho Annala (1933—1945) Reino Cederberg (1942—1945) Sakari Honkala (1933—1936) Gustav Jussila (1936—1939) Rauno Kallia (1939—1945) K. R. Kares (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ECR., 1933—1942) Yrjö Kivenoja (1933—1936) Arvi Malmivaara (1935—1939) Iisakki Nikkola (1933—1945, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Eoc.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Hilja Riipinen (Kok.→1933—1939) Yrjö R. Saarinen (1936—1945) Bruno A. Salmiala (1933—1945) Kaarlo Salovaara (1936—1939) Yrjö Schildt (1933—1936, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Elias Simojoki (1933—1939) Arne Somersalo (1933—1936) Paavo Susitaival (1939—1940) Pekka Tapaninen (L.P., St. Petersburg) (1933—1936) Eino Tuomivaara (1933—1939, 1941—1945) Pauli Tuorila (1936—1939) J. V. Wainio (1933—1945) National Progress Party Arthur Aspel (1922—1924) Juho Astala (Nuorsuom.p.→1918—1919) Ilmari Auer (1919—1922, 1924—1927, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Rolf B. Berner (1945—1951) Helena Brander (NuorSuom.p.→1918—1919) Uuno Brander (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1924—1927, 1930—1933) Aimo Cajander (1929—1943) Mikko Collan (1919—1920) Eljas Erkko (1933—1936) Aleksanteri Fränti (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1919—1922, 1934—1936) Mandi Hannula (1919—1930, 1936—1945) Eva Heikinheimo (1925—1927) Taavetti Heimonen (Kans.→1918—1920) Sulo Heiniö (1933—1936, 1939—1948) Lassi Hiekala (1945—1951) Gabriel Hirvensalo (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Nuorsuom.p., 1922—1924) Vilho Hirvensalo (1924—1927) Rudolf Holsti (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1922) August Hämäläinen (1919—1922) Pekka Toivo Ikonen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Finland.p., 1922—1924, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Arvo Inkilä (1933—1938) Aaro Jaskari (1922—1925) Emil Jatkola (1930—1933) Jalmari Jyske (1919—1921, 1924—1927, 1930—1933) Teuvo Kaitila (Nuorsuom.p.→1918—1919) Heikki Kannisto (1933—1936, 1945—1951→Skansp.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Heikki Karjalainen (1927—1929) Irma Karviikko (1948—1951→Skansanp.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Juho Kaskinen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1919—1922, 1930-1932) Kalle Kauppi (1943—1951) Matti Kekki (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1919—1922) Arvo Ketonen (1939—1945) Kaaperi Kivialho (1923—1924) Toivo Kivimäki (1922, 1924—1927, 1929—1940) Rope Kojonen (1919—1922) Arvi Kontu (1919—1922) Ensio Kytömaa (1945—1948) Augusta Laine (NuorSuom.p.→1919—1922) —1919, 1922) Eemil Linna (Nuorsuom.p.→1918—1930) Hugo Linna (Nuorsuom.p.→1918—1919) Johannes Lundson (Nuorsuom.p.→1918-1919) Alpo Luostarinen (1922—1927, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Oskari Mantere (1919—1939) Väinö Merivirta (1935—1936) Herman Niittynen (1919) Akseli Nikula (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1940-1945) Tatu Nissinen (1920—1922) Hulda Nordenstreng (1929—1930) Antti Penttilä (1922—1924) Otto Pesonen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1919) Albin Pulkkinen (1922—1924) Erkki Pullinen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Finland.p., Kans.→1918—1919, 1922—1927, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Heikki Ritavuori (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NuorSuom.p., 1919—1922) Gustav Ruuskanen (1919—1922) Eero Rydman (1927—1929, 1933—1936) Risto Ryti (1919—1929) Bruno Sarlin (1919—1920, 1930—1936, 1945—1948) Aarne Sihvo (1919—1920) Elias Sinkko (... 1918—1922, 1927—1929) Blue (... 1919—1922) Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg (... 1918, 1930—1933) Yrjö Suontausta (1945—1947) Helena Yhlä-Eskola (1936—1939, 1940—1945) Wille Särkkä (... 1918—1929, 1930—1936) Vili Taskinen (... 1919, 1920—1922) Sulo Teittinen (1939—1948) Paul Thuneberg (... 1918—1919) Juhana Toiviiya Ainen (... 1918—1919) Urho Toivola (1933—1936) Juho Torppa (... 1919—1922...) Walto Tuomioja (1924—1929, 1930—1931) Toivo Tyrni (1933—1935, 1947—1948) Hannes Valkama (1924—1927) Matti Valkonen (1919—1922) Eemil Vekara (... 1918—1919) Juho Vennola (1919—1930) Matti Viljanen (1924—1927) Hilja Vilkemaa (1920—1922) Kaarlo Vuokoski (Kans.→1918—1922, 1924— 1927) Taavetti Heimonen (1917—1918→Ed.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Erkki Puinen (Finland→1917—1918→Ed.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Jussi Puumala (1917—1919) August Tanttu (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NSP1917—1918→SP) Kaarlo Vuokoski (1917—1918→Ed.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

People's Party (1932) Yrjö Hautala (1933—1936also.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Heikki Niskanen (1933—1939→PMP) The National Coalition of Representatives are divided according to the decade in which they entered Parliament for the first time (those who started their representative careers in the other party have been placed according to the year they started representing the other party).


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Pekka Ahmavaara (1918—1919) Eveliina Ala-Kulju (1918—1919) Ivar Alanen (1918—1919) Juho Erkki Antila (1918—1919) Juhani Arajärvi (1919—1922) Gustaf Arokallio (1918—1919) Waldemar Bergroth (1918—1919) Erich (1919 —1922 to late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

SDP) Rafael Erich (1919—1924) Hedvig Gebhard (1919—1922, 1924—1929) Kyösti Haataja (1918—1919, 1929—1930) Ilmi Hallsten (1919—1922) Edvard Hannula (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Ed., 1919—1922) Artturi Hiidenheimo (1919—1927) Elli Hiidenheimo (1918—1922, 1924—1927) Kaarlo Holma (1919—1922) Theodor Homén (1919—1922) Tekla Hultin (1918—1924) August Tyyki (1918—1919) Janne Ihane Muotila (1919—1922, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Lauri Ingman (1918—1919, 1922—1929) Mikko Jaskari (1920—1927) Taave Junnila (1922—1936) Väinö Juustila (1918—1922) Erkki Kaila (1918—1922) Oswald Kairamo (1918—1919) Kaarlo Kares (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Finland., 1922—1927→IKL) Edvard Kilpeläinen (1922—1927, 1929—1933, 1936—1939) Alexander Koivisto (1918—1921) Emanuel Kolkki (1930—1933) Arthur Lagerlöf (1918—1919) Kaarlo Lanne (1918—1922) Elli Laurila (1919—1919) Wilho Louhivuori (SP→1918)) Wilhelmi Malmivaara (1918—1920) Juho Mannermaa (1922—1927) Matti Mannonen (1919—1922) Jalmari Meurman (1919—1919) Ernst Nevanlinna (1918—1922) Ville Nikkanen (1919—1933) Oskar Nissinen (1918—1919) Aapo Nuora (1922—1924) Johannes Nyberg (1919—1924) Pekka Pennanen (1922—1945) Matti Pesonen (1922—1924) Oskari Peurakoski (1918—1919) Bror Hannes Päivinsalo (1918—1919, 1929—1933) Juho Rantasalo (1922—1927) Onni Rantasalo (1918—1919) Heikki Renvall (1922—1924) Heikki Repo (1918—1919) Alfred Retulainen (1918—1919) Juuso Runt (1918—1919) Emil Nestor Setälä (1918—1927) Anshelm Sjöstedt-Jussila (1918—1919, 1924—1925) Juho Snellman (1918—1922) Hugo Suolahti (1919—1922) Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (1930—1931) Onni Talas (1918—1919, 1927—1930) August Tanttu (SP→1919—1930) —1919, 1922—1924) Elias Tukia (SP→1918—1919, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

ML) Antti Tulenheimo (1922—1924, 1930—1933) Leonard Typpö (1918—1922) Wäinö Valkama (1914—1917, 1917—1919) Tuomas Vanhala (1918—1919, 1922—1927) Artturi H. Virkkunen (1918—1922) Paavo Virkkunen (1918—1936, 1939—1945) Jö-Koskinen (1918—1919) to parliament in the 1920s risen Toivo Aalto-Setälä (1927—1929, 1930—1933) Ernesti Aarnio (1927—1929) Arvi Ahmavaara (1929—1930, 1945—1954) Sakari Ainali (1924—1929, 1930—1933) Alex Alfthan (1922) Albert Eerola (1924—1927, 1939—1945) Heikinheimo (1922—1927, 1941— 1945) Bernhard Heikkilä (1924—1930) Maija Häkkinen (1929—1933) Frans Härmä (1922—1929) Jaakko Ikola (1927—1930, 1939—1945) Oskari Jussila (1922—1929, 1930—1933) Kyösti Järvinen (1922—1930) Juho Kinnunen (1924—1927) Väinö Kivi (1924—1927) 1929—1930) Erkki Kuokkanen (1927—1933) Wiljo-Gustav Kuuliala (1927—1933) Gustav Kylänpää (1922—1924, 1925—1929, 1936—1945) Antero Lamminen (1929—1933) Emil Lehtinen (1927—1929) Oskari Lehtonen (1927—1929, 1930—1933, 1936—1945, 1948—1954, 1958—1962) Aukusti Luoma (1927—1930) Aina Lähteenoja (1929—1930) Väinö Malmivaara (1927—1933) Kaapro Moilanen (1927—1945) Aukusti Neitiniemi (1924—1929) Evert Nukari (1924—1930) Kaino Oksanen (1927—1939) Erkki Paavolainen (1924—1927, 1929—1933, 1936—1951) Väinö Pastell (1927—1929) Johannes Peltonen (1922—1929) Lauri Pohjala (1924—1927) Hermanni Pojanluoma (1922—1927, 1930—1933) Yrjö Puhakka (1927—1928, 1929—1930) Yrjö Pulkkinen (1922—1929) Martti Rantanen (1927—1929, 1930—1935) Sivia Ruotzi (1924—1927) Armas Saastamoinen (1924—1926) Gunnar Sahlstein (1927—1933) Jooseppi Seppänen (1927—1929) Brother Gustav Simelius (1922—1924) Eva Somersalo (1924—1927) Eino Tulenheimo (1922—1927) Samuli Tuomikoski (1929—1933) Ernsti Alexander Turja (1924—1933, 1939—1951) Antti Vainio (1928—1929) Jalmari Viljanen (1922—1924) —1927) in the 1930s or 1940s to parliament risen Reino Ala-Kulju (aik.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

IKL, 1952—1954, 1959—1966) Heikki Ala-Mäyry (1948—1951) Yrjö Antila (1945—1951) Kaarlo Anttila (1930—1933) Margit Borg-Sundman (1948—1954, 1958—1970) Leo Böök (1933—1939) Antti Hackzell (1939—1945) Jaakko Hakala (1945—1956) Irma Hamara (1948—1958, 1966—1970) Eemeli Harja ( 1936—1939) Väinö Havas (1939—1941) Matti Heikkilä (1939—1954) Juho Heitto (1948—1954) Päiviö Hetemäki (1945—1962) Yrjö Hirvensalo (1938—1939) Aarne Honka (1933—1939, 1948—1951) Niilo Honkala (1945—1958) Toivo Horelli (1933—1945) Kaarlo Huhtala (1933—1945) 0—1933) Mikko Hurtta ( 1939—1945) Rakel Jalas (1948—19512) Lauri Järvi (1945—1948, 1954—1958) Kaiku Kallio (1939—1945) Alli Kallioniemi (1930—1933) Kosti Kankainen (1945—1948) Lauri Kaukamaa (1948—1951) Eero Kivelä (1945—1948) Erkki Koivisto (1945—1966) Väinö Kokko (1936—1943) Paavo Korpisaari (1930—1933) Aku Korvenoja (1933—1936, 1939—1945) Yrjö Koskelainen (1931—1933) Alexander Koskenheimo (1930—1933) Uskokoski (1948—1951) Martti O. Kölli (1945—1954) Jussi Lappi-Seppälä (1945—1954) Gustav Lehtonen (1933—1936, 1943—1954) Erola Playkki (1945—1951, 1954—1962) Yrjö Leiwo (1930—1936) Leo Leppä (1945—1948) Edwin Linkomies (1933—1945) Arvo Lintulahti (1936—1939) Tatu Malmivaara (1945—1948) Lauri Mäkelä (1930—1933) Eero Mäkinen (1945—1951) Iisakki Nikkola (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

IKL, 1951—1952) Hugo Nuorsaari (1948—1954) Arvi Oksala (1930—1949) Erkki Perheentupa (1930—1933) Emil Pesonen (1930—1933) Martti Pihkala (1930—1933) Jalmari Pilkama (1930—1933) Kyllikki Pohjala (1933—1962) Arvo Pohjannoro (1936—1948) Jalmari Pusa (1948—1951)) Emil Rautaharju (1930—1933) Hilja Riipinen (1930—1933→IKL) Urho Saariaho (1945—1966) Arvo Salminen (1941—1948, 1954—1958) Jussi Saukkonen (1949—1951, 1958—1966) Felix Seppälä (1945—1958) Kalle Soini (1933—1945) Niilo Solja (1930—1933) Kaarlo Sovijärvi (1930—1933) 0—1933) Oiva Turunen ( 1948—1951, 1962—1966) Arno Tuurna (1939—1958) Eetu Vaarama (1933—1938) Teuvo Valanne (1942—1948) Helena Virkki (1945—1954) Toivo Wiherheimo (1948—1966) Johannes Wirtanen (1945—1959) Matti Yhti (1945—1948) Aksel Airo (1958) —1966) Jouni Apajalahti (1966—1970) Mikko Asunta (1958—1970, 1972—1979) Olli Aulanko (1958—1964) Saara Forsius (1954—1970) Pekka Haarla (1966—1972) Raino Hallberg (1951—1966) Erkki Hara (1958—1972) Toivo Hietala (1958—1970) Sakari Huima (1966—1970) Martti Huttunen (1951) —1956) Erkki Huurtamo (1962—1975) Juuso Häikiö (1962—1983) Raimo Ilaskivi (1962—1975) Aune Innala (1951—1962) Tuure Junnila (1951—1962, 1966—1979, 1983—1987, 1990—1991) Jaakko Kemppainen (1958—1970) Esko Koppanen (1962—1983) Niilo Kosola (1951—1970)) Väinö Kuoppala ( 1962—1963) Anna-Liisa Linkola (1962—1979) Olavi Lähteenmäki (1958—1975) Pentti Mäki-Hakola (1966—1995) Timo Mäki (1964—1979) Väinö Nieminen (1958—1966) Olavi Nikkilä (1966—1975, 1979—1983) Matti Raipala (1954—1970) Paavo Rautkallio (1962—1966)) Juha Rihtniemi (1958—1971 ) Tuomas Saikku (1956—1958) Martti Salminen (1956—1962) Kalervo Saura (1951—1966) Mauri Seppä (1954—1962, 1970—1975) Aapo Seppälä (1962—1966) Pentti Sillantaus (1962—1972, 1975—1983) Erkki Tuuli (1954—1966) Alli Vaittinen-Kuikka (1966—1979) Martti Valkama (1963—1966) Tauno Vartia (1966—1975) Sampsa Aaltio (1979—1987) Anna-Kaarina Aalto (1971—1972) Aslak Aas (1970—1972) Kirsti Ala-Harja (1987—1999) Pirjo-Riitta Antvuori (1987—1995, 1996—2003) Kaarina Dromberg (1983—2007) Matti Hakala (1983—2007) 1979—1983) Maija Heino-Vesihiisi (1970—1972) Elsi Hetemäki-Olander (1970—1991) Liisa Hilpelä (1983—1991) Matti Hokkanen (1972—1983, 1987—1991) Harri Holkeri (1970—1979) Kirsti Hollming (1975—1978) Tapio Holvitie (1979—1991) Erkki Häkämies (1970—1979)) Kari Häkämies (1987— 1998) Timo Ihamäki (1979—1983, 1993—2003) Olli Ikkala (1987—1991) Lauri Impiö (1974—1987) Matti Jaatinen (1970—1984) Heikki Jartti (1975—1979) Aila Jokinen (1979—1983) Pekka Jokinen (1972—1983) Riitta Jouppila (1983—1995) Vuokko Juhola (1978—1979) Heikki Järvenpää (1979 —1991, 1998—1999) Keijo Jääskeläinen (1987—1991) Ilkka Kanerva (1975—) Salme Katajavuori (1970—1973→SPK) Eeva Kauppi (1970—1983) Pansy Kauppila (1970—1972) Riitta Kauppinen (K.→1994—1995) Maunu Kohijoki (1987—1995) Juho Koivisto (1983—1987) Martti Korkia-Aho (1987 —1991) Eeva Kuuskoski (1979—1980→Kesk.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Lea Kärhä (1983—1991) Gunnar Llatus (1970—1975) Matti Lahtinen (1984—1995) Juhani Laitinen (1979—1983, 1987—1991) Kalevi Lamminen (1987—1999, 2003—2007) Arto Lampinen (1974—1983) Sirkka Lankinen (1970—1975) Eero Lattula (1972—1983) Ritva Laurila (1978—1995) Sinikka Linkomies-Pohjala (1970—1983) Tuula Linnainmaa (1987—1997) Anna-Kaarina Louvo (1989—1995) Pekka Löyttyniemi (1979—1985) Mauri Miettinen (1972—1993) Saara Mikkola (1975—1987) Erkki Moisander (1983—1987) Jouni Mykkänen (1970—1975) Taivo Mäkynen (1979—1983) Pani Mörttinen ( 1975—1983, 1987—1991) Sauli Niinistö (1987—2003, 2007—2011) Heikki A. Ollila (1987—1995, 2003—2011) Matti Pelttari (1978—1983) Heikki Perho (1975—1991) Helena Pesola (1979—1991) Tuulikki Petäjäniemi (1979—1987) Sirpa Pietikäinen (1983—2003) Toivo T. Pohjala (1979—1987) 5—1987) Aino Pohjanoksa (1983—1991) Eva Pukkio (1979—1983) Ulla Puolanne (1975—1991) Erkki Pystynen (1975—1991) Kullervo Rainio (1972—78→SPK) Anssi Rauramo (1987—1998) Irma Rihtniemi-Koski (1975—1981) Pirjo Rusanen (1983—1995) Helge Saarikoski (1979—1987) Tata Sastamoinen ( 1987—1995) Antero Salmenkivi (1970—1979) Pertti Salolainen (1970—1996, 2007—) Markku Salonen (1975—1977) Kimmo Sasi (1983—2015) Oiva Savela (1987—1999) Eva-Riitta Siitonen (1983—1989) Ilkka Suominen (1970—1975, 1983—1994) Sami Suominen (1970—1975) Jouni Särj J. Lake Kii ( 1987—2003) Eeva Särkkä (1970—1972) Anneli Taina (1987—1999) Niilo Tarvajärvi (1970—1972) Martti Tiuri (1983—2003) Jalmari Torikka (1977—1983) Eeva Turunen (1983—1995) Riitta Uosukainen (1983—2003) Martti Ursin (1979—1983) Sakari Valli (1983—1991) (1979—1991) Päivi Varpasuo (1985—1999) Ritva Vastamäki (1987—1991) Iiro Viinanen (1983—1996) Juha Vikatmaa (1970—1974) Matti Viljanen (1979—1991) Mauri Vänskä (1979—1983) Ben Zyskowicz (1979—) Eero Akaan-Penttilä (1999—2011) Asko-Seljavaara (2003—2011) Matti Aura (1995—1999) Merkukka Forsius (Vihr.→2008—2011) Juha Hakola (2007—2011) Leena Harkimo (1999—2015) Olli-Pekka Heinonen (1995—2002) Timo Heinonen (2007—) Pertti Hemmilä (1999—2015) Hanna-Leena Hemming (2003—2011) Anne Holmlund (2002— 2015) Jyri Häkämies (1999—2012) Ville Itelä (1995—2004) Harri Jaskari (2007—) Kalle Jokinen (2009—) Marjut Kaarilahti (1991—1999) Seppo Kanerva (1996—2002) Kari Kantalainen (1995—2003) Minna Karhunen (1991—1999) Arja Karhuvaara (2007—2011) Juha Karpio (1995—2003) 1995—2003) Marjukka Karttunen (1999—2007) Ulla Karvo (2007—2011) Jyrki Katainen (1999—2014) Sampsa Kataja (2007—2015) Pekka Kivelä (1993—1995) Anne Knaapi (1995—1999) Paula Kokkonen (1995—2003) Riitta Korhonen (1995—2003) Heikki Koskinen (1995—1999) Jari Koskinen (1995—1999) 1996—2009) Kalervo Kummola (1995—2003) Pekka Kuosmanen (1999—2007) Osmo Kurola (1995—1999) Esko Kurvinen (1999—2007, 2011—2015) Seppo Lahtela (Central→2006—2007) Jere Lahti (2003—2007) Jari Larikka (2007—2011) Sanna Lauslahti (2007—2018) Jere Laxell (2004—2011)) Eero Lehti (2007—) Jouni Lehmäki (1999—2003) Leila Lehtinen (1991—1995) Sirkka Lekman (1998—1999) Suvi Lindén (1995—2011) Hanna Markkula-Kivisi (1991—2003) Markku Markkula (1995—2003) Marjo Matikainen-Kallström (2003—2015) Pertti Mäki-Hakola (1999—2003) (2003—2004, 2007—2015 ) Jukka Mäkelä (2007—2010) Outi Mäkelä (2007—2018) Olli Nepponen (1999—2011) Tuija Nurmi (1995—2011) Petteri Orpo (2007—) Reijo Paajanen (2003—2011) Maija Perho (1991—2007) Sanna Perkiö (2007—2011) Kirsi Piha (1994—1996, 1999—2003) Petri Pihlajanen Iemi (2007—2011) Lyly Rajala (KD→2003—2011) Pekka Ravi (1999—2003, 2007—2015) Paula Risikko (2003—) Martin Saarikangas (2003—2007) Väinö Saario (1991—1996) Petri Salo (1999—2011) Sari Sarkomaa (1999—) Arto Satonen (2003—) Timo Seppälä (1999—2007) Outi Siimes (1996—1999) Juhani Sjöblom ( 1999—2007) Irmeli Takala (1991—1995) Marja Tiura (1999—2011) Lenita Toivakka (2007—) Kyösti Toivonen (1991—1995) Irja Tulonen (1995—2007) Tuulikki Ukkola (2007—2011) Raija Vahasalo (1999—2015, 2018—) Jan Vapaavuori (2003—2015) Ahti Vielma (2003—2007) Jari Én (1999— 2007) Ilkka Viljanen (2007—2011) Lasse Virén (1999—2007, 2010—2011) Henna Virkkunen (2007—2014) Anne-Mari Virolainen (2007—) Heikki Autto (2011—2015) Markku Eestilä (2011—) Sanni Grahn-Laasonen (2011—) Harry “Hjallis” Harkimo (2015) —2018→Movement Now) Antti Häkkänen (2015—) Pia Kauma (2011—2015, 2017—) Jukka Kopra (2011—) Susanna Koski (2015—) Pauli Kiuru (2011—) Jaana Laitinen-Pesola (2015—) Mia Laiho (2018—) Elina Lepomäki (2014—) Sari Multala (2015—) Kai Mykkänen (2015—)) Lasse Männistö ( 2011—2015) Markku Mäntymaa (2011—2015) Mikael Palola (2014—2015) Jaana Pelkonen (2011—) Sari Raassina (2015—) Veera Ruoho (Ed.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Grass→2017—) Wille Rydman (2015—) Janne Sankelo (2011—2015) Saara-Sofia Sirén (2015—) Alexander Stubb (2011—2017) Eero Suutari (2011—) Mari-Leena Talvitie (2015—) Kari Tolvanen (2011—) Kaj Turunen (Sin.→2018—) Anu Urpalainen (2012—2015) Juhana Vartiainen (2015—) Sofia Vikman (2011—) Sinuhe Wallinheimo (2011—) Christian Workers' Union Kaarlo Heininen (1907—1908) Matti Helenius-Seppälä (1908—1909, 1911—1914, 1917, 1919—1920) Antti Kaarne (1908—1911, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

SSTP) Juho Kekkonen (1919—1922) Matti Merivirta (1907—1908) Eelis Rantanen (1921—1922) Oskari Vihanttola (1909) Christian Democrats of Finland/Christian Union of Finland Sauli Ahvenjärvi (2011—2015) Esko Almgren (1979—1991) Sari Essayah (2003—2007, 2015—) Jorma Fred ( 1975—1983, 1987—1991) Sauli Hautala (1975—1983, 1987—1991) Leea Hiltunen (1991—1995, 1999—2003) Antero Juntumaa (1972—1983) Ulla Järvilehto (1975—1983) Jouko Jääskeläinen (1991—2003, 2011—2015) Bjarne Kallis (1991—2011) Act Kankaanniemi (1987—2011, later.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

PS) Marja-Leena Kemppainen (1999—2003) Erkki Korhonen (1975—1979, 1979—1983) Kari Kärkkäinen (1999—2011) Pirkko Laakkonen (1991—1995) Antero Laukkanen (2015—) Vesa Laukkanen (1991—1993→VES) Olavi Majlander (1975—1978) Veikko Matikkala (1975—1979) Eeva-Liisa Moilanen ( 1987—1995) Impi Muroma (1975—1987) Sari Palm (2007—2015) Tauno Pehkonen (1995—1999) Lyly Rajala (2003→Cok.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Leena Rauhala (1999—2015) Väinö Rautiainen (1979—1983) Olavi Ronkainen (1972—1975, 1979—1987) Matti Ryhänen (1995—1996→Kesk.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Päivi Räsänen (1995—) Ismo Seväistö (1991—1995, 1999—2003) Sakari Smeds (1995—2003) Asser Stenbäck (1979—1983) Tarja Tallqvist (2007—2011) Sari Tanus (2015—) Veikko Turunen (1972—1975) Raino Westerholm (1970—1979) Peter Östman (2011—) Party/ Liberals Pirkko Aro (1966—1973...) Arne Berner (1966—1972) Olavi Borg (1972—1975) Kerttu Hemmi (1970—1979) Armi Hosia (... 1965—1966) Helvi Hyrynkangas (1979—1983) Veikko Hyytiäinen (... 1965—1966) Jaakko Itulä (1979—1983) Mikko Juva (... 1965—1966) Esa Kaitila (... 1965—1966) Seppo Kanerva (2002—03) Irma Garfield (... 1965—1970) Anneli Kivitie, later Kivitie-Koskinen (1975—1983) Aili Laitinen (1972—1975) Eeles Landström (1966—1972) Armas Leinonen (... 1965—1970) Urpo Leppänen (... 1990—1991) → (Vade) Antti Linna (... 1965—1966) Leo Mattila (... 1965—1966) Terhi Nieminen, later Nieminen-Mäkynen (1975—1983) Eino Ojajärvi (1962—1966) Juhani Orrenmaa (... 1975—1979) E.J.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Paavola (... 1965—1970) Pentti Pakarinen (1962—1966) Pekka Pesola (1966—1972) Tuure Salo (... 1965—1970) Juhani Sipiläinen (1975—1979) Aaro Stykki (... 1965—1966) Pekka Tarjanne (1970—1977) Juho Tenhiälä (... 1965—1966...) Irma Toivanen (1970—1979) Tuulikki Ukkola (1991—1995) Seppo Westerlund (1970—1979) Osmo Wiio (1975—1979) Movement Now Harry “Hjallis” Harkimo (KOK.→2018—) Maria Lohela (Sin.→2019—) Agrarian League/Centre Party of Finland Delegates are divided according to that year they started out as an MP.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Santeri Alkio (NSP→1907—1908, 1909—1914, 1917—1922) Kusti Arhama (1917—1930, 1933—1945) Ilmari Auer (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Ed., 1929—1930) Kustavi Elovaara (1919—1922) Jalmari Haapanen (1917) Santeri Haapanen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Finland., 1917—1919) Frans Hanhisalo (1919—1921) Eero Hatva (1910—1914, 1917—1929) John Hedberg (1908—1910, 1911—1917) Juho Heikkinen (1907—1911, 1917—1922) Pekka Heikkinen (1919—1922, 1924—1940) Juho Heimonen (1908—1909) Janne Ihamuotila k.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Ex., 1924—1929) Pekka Toivo Ikonen (1933—1939, 1942—1951) Vilkku Joukahainen (1917—1924) Antti Junes (1910—1914, 1919—1933, 1936—1945) Antti Juutilainen (1917—1930) Kalle Stiykkä (1914—1917) Gustav Adolf Kakriainen Kyösti Kallio (1907—1937) 7—1908, 1909—1914) Heikki Kiiskinen (1907—1908) Olli Kiiskinen (1909—1910) Yrjö Kiuru (1911—1917) Väinö Kivilinna (1922—1924) Janne Koivuranta (1919—1945, 1948—1951) Juho Kokko (1914—1922) Matti Kotila (SP→1918—1919) Antti Kukkonen (1919—1945) 4—1962) Lauri Kuoppamäki (1917) Frans Kärki (1919—1927) Oskari Lahdensuo (1910—1919) Artturi Laitinen (1909—1910) Ivar Lantto (1908—1909, 1917—1919) Matti Latvala (1909—1917, 1919—1922) Antero Leinola (1909—1914) Mikko Leinonen (1909—1911, 1914—1919) Bertta Leppälä (1917—1919) 1922) Juhani Leppälä (1907—1908, 1919—1922 , 1927—1951) Niilo Liakka (1919—1922) Kalle Lohi (1909—1945) Jaakko Loppi (1919—1922) Jaakko Loukko (Finland→1918—1924) Mikko Luopajärvi (1914—1920) Tilda Löthman-Koponen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

NSP, 1929—1930, 1933—1945) Albin Mainland (1917—1927, 1929—1933) Henrik Niskanen (1919—1924) Juho Niukkanen (1917—1933, 1936—1954) Kalle Nurmela (1914—1919) Matti Oja (1919—1922) Esko Oranen (1910—1914) Oskari Partanen (1914—1917)) Eero Pehkonen (1914—1918) Lauri Perälä (1919 —1924) Aarno Pesonen (1919—1924) Yrjö Pesonen (1919—1922) Mikko Piitulainen (1919—1922, 1924—1927) Samson Pilkka (1919—1924, 1929—1930) Ari Pitkänen (1919—1922) Matti Poutiainen (1908—1917) Salomo Pulkkinen (1911—1917) Erkki Puinen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Ed., 1930—1933) Kalle Gustavulä (1907—1915) August Raatikainen (1907—1908, 1909—1910, 1917, 1918—1922, 1924—1933) Lauri Kristian Relander (1910—1914, 1917—1920) Antti Rentola (1917—1919) Juho Ryynänen (1919—1933) Hilma Räsänen (1907—1908) Philip Saalasti (1910—1917) Pekka Islander (aik.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Finland., 1914—1922, 1924—1930) Aleksis Salovaara (1917—1919) Wäinö Selander (1919—1922) Eetu Takkula (1917—1922) Pekka Tanskanen (1917—1919) Heikki Taskinen (1919—1922) Juho Torppa (1927—1929) Elias Tukia (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

[1924—1948) Juho Tulikoura (Finland→1914—1917) Lauri Tuunanen (1907—1910) Karl Gustaf Veijola (1908—1909) Vihtori Vesterinen (1919—1951) Artur Wuorimaa (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Finland., 1917—1921) Otto Åkesson (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

RKP, 1922—1924) Anna Ängeslevä (1908—1909) Eemeli Aakula (1930—1936) Eino Aaltio (1929) Samppa Aittoniemi (1933—1936, 1948—1958) Anshelm Alestalo (1923—1939, 1945—1948) Jussi Annala (1930—1939, 1945—1951) Albin Asikainen (1930—1939, 1945—1951) 1929—1948) Akseli Brander (1933—1951) Kaarle Ellilä (1929—1930, 1932—1936) Hannes Eskola (1930—1933) Aleksi Hakala (1927—1933) Antti Halonen (1930—1942) Matti Hannula (1929—1930) Uuno Hannula (1927—1944) Yrjö Hautala (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

KP1945—1958, 1962—1966) Gustavus Hautamäki (1922—1924) Eino Heikura (1924—1927, 1951—1958) Veikko Heiskanen (1933—1936) Lennart Heljas (1939—1958) Olli Hirvensalo (1922—1924, 1930—1951) Salomon Hongisto (1929—1930) Ville Honkavaara (1922—1924) Kaapro Itite (1929—1945) Kaarlo Hurme (1924—1929) Väinö Huuhtanen (1929—1933) Juho Hyvönen (1922—1924) Kaarlo Hänninen (1924—1939) Aapo Inkinen (1939—1948) Toivo Janhonen (1924—1939) Kalle Joukanen (1930—1932, 1936—1945, 1948—1954) Eetu Jussila (1929—1930), 1931—1933) Emil Jutila (1929—1930, 1933—1939 ) Juho Kaakinen (1937—1938) Väinö Kaasalainen (1933—1936, 1951—1954) Lauri Kaijalainen (1930—1948) Jukka Kailio (1938—1939) Viljami Kalliokoski (1922—1945, 1948—1962) Juho Kankkunen (1922—1924) Pekka Kankkunen (1927—1929) Juho Kanniainen (1922—1924) Sanfrid Kariniva ( 1927—1930) Einari Karvetti (1933—1945) Antti Kaura (1930—1933) Jooseppi Kauranen (1922—1935) Urho Kekkonen (1936—1956) Antti Kemppi (1927—1945) Pentti Kiiskinen (1938—1939) Kalle Kirra (1922—1930, 1936—1948) Vilho Kirveskoski (1930—1933) Ja (1929—1945) Kauno Kleemola (1939—1945, 1948—1965) Juho Koivisto (1927—1951) Oskari Kontio (1924—1933) Pekka Kopsa (1922—1929) Johannes Korhonen (1930—1933) Antti Kuisma (1922—1929, 1930—1933, 1935—1936) Kalle Kämäräinen (1930—1945, 1954—1962) Jalo Lahdo 21—1938) Matti Lahtela (1930—1958) ) J. E. Lampinen (1930-1936, 1939-1954) Emil Lautala (1924—1933) Artturi Leinonen (1936—1939, 1944—1945) Matti Luoma-aho (1939—1944) Aino Luostarinen (1927—1930, 1936—1953) Alpo Luostarinen (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Ed., 1930—1936) Eemil Luukka (1936—1966) Matti Makkonen (1922—1927) Jalmari Malmi (1921—1922) Alexander Mero (1920—1922) Matti Miikki (1930—1960) Kaarlo Mikkola (1939—1940) Valtteri Mikonmäki (1927—1933) Lauri Murtomaa (1939—1955) Blackcliff (1922—1924, 1927—1930) Wäinö Mäkinen (1922—1924) Kalle Määttä (1939—1945) Matti Niilekselä (1927—1930) Heikki Niskanen (PMP→1941—1945) Eero Nurmesniemi (1927—1933, 1936—1945) Matti Paavalainen (1927—1929) Juho Paksujali (1933—1936, 1939—1948) Eino Palovesi (1939—1948) 1960) Niilo Pelttari (1924—1927 ) Heikki Peura (1920—1922) Juho Pilppula (1927—1948) Matti Pitkänen (1922—1936, 1939—1945) Juho Pyöklä (1939—1948) Matti Pärssinen (1939—1948) Antti Rantamaa (1939—1962) Tyko Reinikka (1922—1930) Olli Pekka Rissanen (1930—1933) Paavo Ruotsalainen (1929—1933)) Eino Rytinki (PMP→1941—1945, 1949—1958) Paavo Saarinen (1924—1933) Antti Salainen (1922—1924, 1930—1933) Sulo Salo (1922—1929, 1930—1950) Lauri Sariola (1929—1930, 1933—1939) Tauno Saukkonen (1939—1948) Yrjö Schildt (aic.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

IKL, 1939—1945) Jaakko Seppänen (1922—1927) Heikki Soininen (1933—1957) Juho Sunila (1922—1927, 1929—1933) Anton Suurkonka (1930—1936, 1939—1945, 1948—1951) Juho Takala (1933—1939, 1940—1945) Mikko Tarkkanen (1922—1945, 1951—1954) Matti Tolppkanen (1922—1945, 1951—1954) Eino Tuomivaara (1936—1945) 1924—1930, late.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

IKL) Jaakko Vainio (1922—1924) Vilho Vallas (1929—1930, 1933—1939) Heikki Vehkaoja (1924—1939, 1945—1948) Viljo Venho (1933—1939) Anttoni Vertanen (1924—1930) Taavi Vilhula (1929—1930, 1933—1954) Uuno Virranniemi (1939—1945) Westermarck (1922—1923) 1940- or Toivo Antila (1951—1970) Eeli Erkkilä (1951—1973) Kusti Eskola (1945—1962) Erland Haapaniemi (1948—1954) Sylvi Halinen (1954—1970) Ale Holopainen (1957—1970) Martti Honkavaara (1957—1958) Leo Häppölä (1951—1970) Arvi Ikonen (1950—1957) Einari Jaakkola (1954—1966) Mauno Jussila (1951—1970) Kalle Jutila (1945) Artturi Jämsén (1954—1971) Lauri Kaarna (1951—1954) Nestori Kaasalainen (1951—1972) Aaro Kauppi (1951—1954, 1956—1958, 1963—1966) Matti Kekkonen (1958—1970) Pekka Kiiski (1948—1951) Toivo Kinnunen ( 1945—1958, 1962—1966) from Esa Koivusista (1954—1958) Antti Koukkari (1945—1949) Urho Kähönen (1951—1966) Olavi Lahtela (1958—1968) Marja Lahti (1954—1967) Lauri Laine (1945—1951, 1954—1958, 1962—1966) Eino Laitinen (1945—1951) Vilho Leivonen (1951—1954, 1962—1966) Lauri Leppihalme (1948—1951) Matti Liinamaa (1958—1966) Onni Mannila (1948—1951, 1953—1954, 1955—1962) Aarre Marttila (1958—1961) Matti Mattila (1954—1975) Martti Miettunen (1945—1958) Esu Niemelä (1958—1972) Markus Niskala (1945—1963) Väinö Okko (1948—1963) 1951) Axis Paarman (1958 —1966, 1969—1970) Hannes Paaso (1958—1970) Atte Pakkanen (1948—1970) Eemil Partanen (1954—1972) Pentti Pekkarinen (1958—1975) Arvo Pentti (1958—1970) Eemil Pääkkönen (1945—1948, 1951—1954) Jussi Pöykkö (1954—1958) Väinö Rankila (1948—1958) Lauri Ikononen (1945—1950) Niilo Ryhä (1948—1967) Erkki Ryymä (1955—1958, 1962—1966) Tahvo Rönkkö (1948—1972) Kerttu Saalasti (1948—1962, 1966—1970) Eero Saari (1951—1955) Yrjö Saari (1948—1951) Toivo Salakivi (1945) Toivo Saloranta (1954—1958, 1960—1970, 1972—1975) Wiljam Sarjalm A (1948—1970) Veikko Savela (1958—1970) Vieno Simonen (1948—1962) Samuli Simula (1945—1951) Yrjö Sinkkonen (1954—1962, 1966—1972) Lauri Solla (1951—1954) V. J. Sukselainen (1948—1970, 1972—1979) Martti Suntela (1948—1951) Veikko Svinhufvud (1958—1966) Ilmari (1966—1970) Tiainen (1948—1951) Gustav Tiitu (1945—1958, 1965—1970) Esa Timonen (1958—1966) Eino Uusitalo (1955—1983) Veikko Vennamo (1945—1959) Johannes Virolainen (1945—1983, 1987—1991) Hilja Vääänen (1951—1966) Matti Asunmaa (1970— 1979) Katri-Helena Eskelinen (1966—1987) Veikko Hanhirova (1966—1972, 1975—1979) Heikki Hasu (1962—1966, 1967—1970) Erkki Haukipuro (1966—1973) Veikko Honkanen (1962—1966, 1967—1970) Esko Härkönen (1970—1979) Mikko Jokela (1972—1987) Kauko Juhantalo (1972—1987) 9—1993, 1995—1999, 2003—2007, 2015—) Eero Juntunen (1962—1966) Katri Kaarlonen (1966—1972) Mikko Kaarna (1960—1962, 1966—1987) Pansy Kangas (1970—1983) Reino Kangas (1962—1975) Eino Kankaanpää (1970) Ahti Karjalainen (1966—1979) Aino Karjalainen (1972—1979) Reino Karpola (1962—1979) 1983— 1987) Markku Kauppinen (1979—1983) Olli Kervinen (1962—1966) Eeva Kuuskoski (Kok.→1980—1995) Heimo Linna (1966—1987) Aaro Lintilä (1962—1972) Eino Lottanen (1966—1975) Matti Maijala (1970—1972, 1975—1991) Mauno Manninen (1973—1983, 1983—1987) Martikainen (1972— 1987) Kalevi Mattila (1975—1995) Einari Nieminen (1972—1991) Paavo Niinikoski (1966—1975) Lauri Palmunen (1979—1983) Ahti Pekkala (1970—1985) Mauri Pekkarinen (1979—) Esko Pekonen (1970—1972, 1975—1983) Mikko Pesälä (1975—1999) Veikko Pihlajamäki (1972—1999) 1987) Mauno Pohjonen (1960—1970, 1971—1972) Hannele Pokka (1979—1994) Pentti Poutanen (1970—1987) Väinö Raudaskoski (1975—1987) Matti Ruokola (1970—1975, 1979—1983) Paula Ruutu (1962—1966, 1967—1970) Eino Räsänen (1962—1970) Sylvi Saimo (1966—1979) Alvar Saukko (1975—1983) Juhani Saukkonen (1972—1983) Petter Savola (1975—1983) Jouko Siikaniemi (1970—1975) Aulis Sileäkangas (1966—1970, 1972—1975) Sulo Suorttanen (1962—1970, 1972—1975) Lea Sutinen (1970—1987) Eino Sääskilahti (1962—1970) Hannu Tenhiälä (1975—1992) Country Country (1975—1987) Taisto Tähkämaa (1970—1991) Paavo Vesterinen (1975—1987) Pekka Vilmi (1963—1979) Kyllikki Virolainen (1977—1979) Mikko Volotinen (1966—1970) Paavo Väyrynen (1970—1995, 1999, 2007—2011, 2015→ed.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Väyrynen) Marjatta Vääänen (1975—1991) Toivo Yläjärvi (1975—1987) Lasse Äikka (1975—1983) Saimi Äää (1970—1979, 1993—1995) Esko Aho (1983—2003) Hannu Aho (1999—2003) Sulo Aittoniemi (SMP→1994—1999→ALK).


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Olavi Ala-Nissilä (1991—2006, 2015—) Juhani Alaranta (1983—1999) Sirkka-Liisa Anttila (1983—1996, 1999—) Maria Kaisa Aula (1991—2003) Rose-Marie Björkenheim (1991—1999) Kauko Heikkinen (1987—1995) Jorma Huuhtanen (1987—2000) Liisa Hyssälä (1995—2010) Pirkko Ikonen (1983—1991) Tuula Ikonen, later Tuula Ikonen-Graafmans (1991—1995) Tytti Isohookana-Asunmaa (1983—2003) Esko Jokiniemi (1987—1995) Timo Järvilahti (1991—1995, 1996—1999) Anneli Jäätteenmäki (1987—2004) Timo Kalli (1991—) Kyösti Karjula (1995—2011) Riitta Kauppinen (1987—2004) 1994→ECR.)


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Hannu Kemppainen (1983—1987, 1991—1999) Inkeri Kerola (1999—2015) Niilo Keränen (1999—2003, 2015—) Timo Kietväinen (1983—1991) Mari Kiviniemi (1995—2014) Annikki Koistinen (1987—1999) Heikki Kokko (1983—1991) Armas Komi (1991—1999) Katri Komi (1999—2015) Juha Korkeaoja ( 1991—2011) Ossi Korteniemi (1994—2001) Timo E.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Ear (1991—1995, 2001—2003) Markku Koski (1991—1999, 2003—2007) Liisa Kulhia (1983—1985→ed.


Question: In what year was Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti born?

List of MPs

Seppo Kääriäinen (1987—) Seppo Lahtela (1999—2006→ECR)