Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The foursome formed the Polka Tulk Blues Band, whose name subsequently changed to Earth.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Late in 1968, Iommi joined Jethro Tull for a couple of weeks, whose original guitarist Mick Abrahams had resigned from the band.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Ian Anderson, the band's lead singer and lead figure, had seen Earth at the gig and was enthusiastic about Iommi's guitar playing.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi was a member of The Rolling Stones' Rock And Roll Circus program where Jethro Tull performed one song.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The program was not released until the mid-1990s as a video.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi's membership in Jethro Tull fell short (approx.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

2 weeks) because he didn't like singer Ian Anderson's absolute management style.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Although Iommi later said that he learned at Jethro Tull how a professional band rehearses and works.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

After this, Iommi returned to his former band.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Black Sabbath 1970s In the autumn of 1969, the band noticed that another band called Earth was also influenced by another band called Earth, which had already enjoyed a small popularity jacket, and in addition the bands were mixed together at gig venues.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

At the suggestion of bassist Geezer Butler, the band changed their name to Black Sabbath after Boris Karloff's horror film of the same name.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Black Sabbath released their first album in 1970.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The band became pioneers of the budding heavy metal genre at the time and its first few albums such as Black Sabbath (1970), Paranoid (1970) and Sabbath Bloody Sabbath (1973) are considered classics of the genre.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The songs largely ran with Iommi's heavy riffs, but lighter and acoustic songs can also be found on the band's albums.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Black Sabbath was very popular in North America as well as Great Britain during the 1970s.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The band did major tours in North America and the band's albums sold platinum and gold.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

With its success, the band's substance abuse and drug use also increased considerably by the end of the 1970s.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

As Iommi took on more responsibility for the band's recordings, a drunkenness between him and Osbourne in particular began.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Furthermore, the management of the band was vague and this led to a near bankrupt business in the mid-1970s.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The band's albums Technical Ecstasy (1976) and Never Say Die!


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

(1978) received mixed reception and sales fell far short of the band's early years.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

After difficult touring and recording sessions in the spring of 1979, Osbourne was allowed to leave the band because Iommi felt this had lost interest in working with the band.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

1980s Iommi had become acquainted with vocalist Ronnie James Dio, who had left the band Rainbow, and asked him to replace Osbourne in the band.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The early 1980s with Dio as vocalist was a good time for the band.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The albums Heaven and Hell (1980) and Mob Rules (1981) were well received and also sold well.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

However, Dio resigned from the band after contentious stages in the autumn of 1982 and Ian Gillan, who was familiar from Deep Purple, unexpectedly became the new vocalist.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

This phase lasted until 1984 when Gillan left the band.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In early 1985, bassist Geezer Butler also resigned from the band and thus left Iommi as the only original member left.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Bill Ward had left the band as early as 1980, but returned on a couple of occasions back for a while.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Around this time, in the mid-1980s Iommi purchased the license to use the Black Sabbath name exclusively for himself.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The mid-1980s was mainly an awkward time for Sabbath due to numerous crew changes and manager mess.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In addition, the band's albums were no longer sold like previous years and the band was already considered a great past with new heavy metal and glam metal bands taking over the top positions in the charts.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Singers came and went (Glenn Hughes, Ray Gillen) and no balance was found in the band.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi even had to fund the band's activities as a result of an obscure managerial activity.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The successful solo career of ex-singer Ozzy Osbourne also influenced Black Sabbath, as the Osbourne camp was believed to be sabotaging Sabbath's chances of success.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In 1988 when Cozy Powell joined the band, the time of yet another rise began.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Headless Cross, released in 1989, polished the band's tarnished public image and was very successful, especially in Europe.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

New singer Tony Martin also proved to be a great choice.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The lineup stabilized for a couple of years when Neil Murray took over as bassist.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

However, success did not come in North America, which particularly bothered Iommi and Powell, who wanted a breakthrough in the moneyed American market.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

1990s and 2000s In 1991, the early 1980s line-up (Iommi, Ronnie James Dio, Geezer Butler and Vinnie Appice) came together for a Dehumanizer album.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

However, this fell short after Dio left again at the end of 1992.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

After Dio, Tony Martin returned to the lead singer.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi put Sabbath on hiatus after his 1995 world tour.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In the 1990s, many new bands named Black Sabbath as their prequels and the band gained more new fans and acclaim through this.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

From 1997 onwards, the original Black Sabbath (Iommi, Osbourne, Butler, Ward) did tours almost every year right up until 2005.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The live album Reunion was released in 1998.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In 2011, the original line-up got back together after a six-year hiatus and planned to do a new studio album and tours.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

However, the project was overshadowed by the absence of drummer Ward due to contract problems and Iommi's diagnosis of lymph node cancer.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

However, the latest studio album 13 was completed and came out in 2013.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The album was positively received by fans and critics alike.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Heaven and Hell project 2006—2010 In 2006, information was released that the line-up that made Black Sabbath's Heaven and Hell album (Iommi, Dio, Butler, Ward) would make a tour in 2007 under the name Heaven and Hell.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The purpose of the tour was the marketing of the forthcoming compilation Black Sabbath: The Dio Years.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

At the end of 2006, it was announced that Bill Ward would opt out of the tour and be replaced by Vinny Appice.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The tour took place in 2007, and in the spring of 2009 the first actual Heaven and Hell album, The Devil You Know, was released.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In addition, the band released two concert recordings.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The band's activities ended in the summer of 2010 following Dio's death from stomach cancer.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Solo career and other projects In 1985, after being left alone after Sabbath's line-up disbanded, Iommi decided to start making his first solo album.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Despite everything, the Seventh Star album was released at the insistence of the record label in 1986 under the title “Black Sabbath Featuring Tony Iommi”.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In addition to Iommi, vocalist Glenn Hughes, keyboardist Geoff Nicholls, bassist Dave Spitz and drummer Eric Singer were featured on the album.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The next time Iommi started a solo project in 1996 along with Glenn Hughes, but a reunion of the original Black Sabbath changed plans.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

These recordings were officially released in 2004 as The 1996 Dep Sessions.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The recordings had been released previously as bootlegs under the name Eight Star.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In addition to Hughes, the line-up played drummer Dave Holland (ex-Judas Priest) and keyboardists Geoff Nicholls and Don Airey.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In the official version, however, Holland's drum tracks are played by Kenny Aronoff, as Iommi, due to the prison sentence Holland received, did not want to include his playing on the album.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Pair Vase Hughes/Iommi released a new album Fused in 2005.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

A solo album of his own, Iommi was finally made in 2000.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Released under the name Iommi, the album features many guest artists (Ian Astbury, Henry Rollins, Serj Tankian, Dave Grohl, Billy Corgan, Phil Anselmo, Peter Steele and Ozzy Osbourne) and it was well received.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In 2002, Iommi performed alongside Ozzy Osbourne at a concert to celebrate the Queen of England's 50-year reign at Buckingham Palace.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In 2011, Iommi published his autobiography Iron Man: My Journey Through Heaven and Hell with Black Sabbath.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

With other artists, Iommi had his own management agency in the 1970s, I.M.A.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

(Iommi Management Agency), which managed e.g.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

things of early Judas Priest.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi also managed the Birmingham-based band Necromandus, whose album Orexis of Death he also produced.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Admittedly, the album was not released until the 1990s.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi also produced Birmingham-based band Quartz, which had served as a warm-up for Black Sabbath on several tours.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Playing guitar at Quartz was Geoff Nicholls, who later became Black Sabbath's keyboardist and backing member for over 20 years.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Nicholls was also involved in other Iommi projects.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In the 1970s, Iommi also guest starred on Bobby Harrison's album The Funkist and in the 1990s he visited e.g.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

On albums by the bands Cathedral and Diamond Head.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Charity Projects In 1989, Iommi was involved in the Rock Aid Armenia project, which was intended to raise money for victims of the 1988 Armenian earthquake.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

A lineup that included many well-known rock and heavy musicians in addition to Iommi (e.g. Ian Gillan, Ritchie Blackmore, Bruce Dickinson, Brian May) recorded a version of Deep Purple's “Smoke on the Water” song.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The song was released as a single and it rose to the top-40 in Brits.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Three years later, in 1992, Iommi was a guest guitarist at a memorial concert for Freddie Mercury, the singer of the band Queen, at Wembley Stadium in London.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Proceeds from the concert went to AIDS research.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi played in concert for the band Queen as a second guitarist on some songs.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi and Queen guitarist Brian May are longtime friends and also May has visited Black Sabbath concerts on stage on a couple of occasions.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In 2011, Iommi and Gillan put together the supergroup WhoCares, which continued their charity work for Armenia.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The intention was to raise money to build a music school in Gyumri.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In addition to the men, the band included Jon Lord, Jason Newsted, Mikko Lindström and Nicko McBrain.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The line-up released the single “Out of My Mind”/“Holy Water” in 2011 and the album WhoCares the following year.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In addition to the single, the album contains tracks from the history of both Gillan and Iommi.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Eurovision 2013 Iommi's Armenia collaboration continued when he wrote the song “Lonely Planet”, with which singer Gor Sujyan participated in Eurovision in 2013.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The song made it to the final and was ranked number 18.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Private life In the 1980s Iommi had an affair with American musician Lita Ford.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi produced her unreleased album The Bride Wore Black.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi is married for the fourth time.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In the early 1970s, he married Susan Snowden.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The best man at the wedding was Led Zeppelin drummer John Bonham.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The union lasted a few years.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In the first half of the 1980s, Iommi was married to an American model named Melinda.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

They have a common daughter named Toni-Marie.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In the 1980s—1990s, Iommi married a woman named Valery.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

This union ended in the late 1990s.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Since 1998, Iommi has been together with Swedish Marie Sjöholm, who has been the vocalist of a heavy metal band called Drain Sth.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In all silence, the couple married in August 2005.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi's daughter Toni-Marie Iommi is also a musician and plays in the band Lunarmile.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Reportedly, Iommi also has a son from his previous relationships.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In the first half of the 1990s, Iommi reportedly went to jail for a couple of days for unpaid child support.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

The condition Tony Iommi was diagnosed in early 2012 with lymph node cancer, or lymphoma.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

[1] [2] The disease was at an early stage at the time and was initially not thought to affect Black Sabbath's planned concerts and recordings.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

However, the band's 2012 concerts were cancelled, with a couple of exceptions, and studio work was moved to England to Iommi's home studio.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

In April 2013, Iommi reported in a bulletin that he was in good health and that the treatments had worked.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

However, he needs to take antibodies every six weeks, and Sabbath's 2013 tour was rhythmed according to Iommi's treatments.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

[3] Appreciation Tony Iommi has been revered in many contexts as one of the best guitarists in rock and metal music.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

He has done well in several music magazines' “best guitarist of all time” polls, notably winning several “best heavy metal guitarist of all time” votes.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi is also rated highly by music critics.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi is also considered the main developer and trendsetter of heavy metal music.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi's way of developing heavy-riffs is also held in high esteem.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Many grunge and alternative bands have also considered Black Sabbath and Iommi as their prequels.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Iommi has also inspired numerous new knee heavy metal guitarists.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Discography Solo Production Iommi (2000) The 1996 Dep Session (2004, recorded with Glenn Hughes 1996) Fused (2005) With albums by other artists Bobby Harrison: Funkist (1975) Quartz: Quartz (1977) various performers: Rock Aid Armenia (1989) various performers: Guitar Speak II ( 1990) various performers: The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert (1992) Ozzy Osbourne: Live & Loud (1993) Diamond Head: Death And Progress (1993) Cathedral: The Carnival Bizarre (1996) various presenters: Twang!


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

A Tribute To Hank Marvin And The Shadows (1997) Ozzy Osbourne: The Ozzman Cometh (1997) various performers: Party At The Palace (2002) HIM: To Make Even Venus Herself Vanish, (released May 2012) [4] Black Sabbath discography kts.


Question: When did Tony Iommi start playing guitar?

Tony Iommi

Black Sabbath discography Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:Black Sabbath members Category:British guitarists Class:Born in 1948 Class:Living persons Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The Spengler Cup is an international ice hockey tournament held annually in Davos, Switzerland.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

First held in 1923, the tournament is at the same time the oldest of its kind in the world.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Throughout the history of the tournament, local HC Davos has been the host team of the tournament, which also invites the tournament's other participants.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The Spengler Cup is traditionally played between Christmas and New Year.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

History The original message of the tournament, uttered in 1923, was the restoration of youth separated by the hostilities of World War I through athletic cooperation.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The tournament was thus intended to give youth the opportunity for friendly, mutual confidence-building powerhouses.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The tournament was named after its original financier, local surgeon and scientist Carl Spengler.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The most successful team in the history of the tournament has been host team HC Davos so far with their fourteen tournament wins.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

However, the first victory went to an English, Oxford University team occupied by Canadian students.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The tournament was dominated in its first years by teams from Davos and Oxford, as well as German Berliner SC.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Tournament wins on both sides of the hiatus formed by World War II ended up being taken mainly by Czechoslovakian club LTC Prague, during World War II the tournament was played in a truncated format among various Swiss clubs in a few years.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

In the fifties, the dispersion of winners was to some extent greater than before, but from the early sixties the tournament turned into a mutual competition between Czechoslovakian and Soviet clubs - from 1965 to 1983 the tournament victory passed to either Czechoslovakia or the Soviet Union .


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The two Eastern Bloc countries finally took control of the Canadian national team with their participation starting in 1984, and after the Eastern Bloc also disappeared from the sporting political map has Canada most years jockeying for winning the tournament with HC Davos.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Today, the Spengler Cup has become Switzerland's second largest sporting event (after tennis's ATP tournament) with its annual budget of CHF 8.5 million.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The tournament will be televised live to five countries and there will be around 80000 spectators in addition to 200 media representatives during the tournament.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Match system In the tournament, all participants first play against each other in a simple regular season round, after which the two teams with the most points will play a final match on New Year's Eve for the tournament win.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The final has been staged since 1986.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Under the current system, no draws are known; matches in the regular season round are also taken to a five-minute overtime if necessary, followed by a penalty shot contest.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The winning team receives two points from the match, the one who lost on penalty shots is awarded with one point.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Tournament winners Finnish teams in the Spengler Cup Also from Finland have been involved in the Spengler Cup several times.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

This was the case for the first time in 1967 when the Finnish B national team played in the cup.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The first Finnish club team in the Spengler Cup was Tampereen Ilves, who played in the tournament in 1972.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The last time among Finnish teams in the Spengler Cup was HPK in 2017.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Although Finnish teams have participated in the tournament largely more than the second ten times, at no time has the ranking been better than the third.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

KalPa cleared their way to the final in 2018 as the first Finnish club team when the Kuopians toppled host city HC Davos in the semi-final with a 2—1 reading.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

In the final against settled the Canadian ice hockey national team.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

The final ended 2—1 for Kalpa after winning shots.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Most of the Finnish teams have participated in the tournament Helsingin Jokerit.


Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

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Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

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Question: What is the Spengler Cup?

Spengler Cup

Category:Hockey competitions Category:Sports in Davos


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Harry Leo Schein,13.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

October 1924 Vienna, Austria — February 11, 2006, Danderyd, Stockholm County, Sweden [1]), was an Austrian-born Swedish business executive, writer and debater and also an inventor, by training a chemical engineer.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

He was a key figure in the establishment of the Svenska Filminstitutet and its first CEO.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

For a time, he also held the position of CEO at Investeringsbanken.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

In addition, he held several other key positions in the film and media circuit.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Biographer Schein spent his childhood in Vienna in the bourgeois surroundings of the Untere Weißgerberstraße.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Father Chaim Marcel Schein ran a freight forwarding company.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

In 1939, as a child, Schein came alone from Austria to Sweden via Kindertransport in a quota that the Jewish congregation in Stockholm (Mosaiska församlingen) had [2].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

His Jewish mother wanted to save her son from Holocaust persecution.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

The father had died in 1936.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

The mother remarried afterwards, but was put into an extermination camp during World War II.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Schein's sister moved to the United States.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

The young Schein was a top farm worker in Småland but then moved to Stockholm, where he started working at the Wenner-Grens Institute as a laboratory assistant.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

In the evenings he studied at Stockholms Tekniska Institut and graduated at the age of 18 as a chemical engineer.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

[1] [3] He then got into the service of Merkantila Ingenjörsbyrå (Mibis).


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

1950 he obtained Swedish citizenship, and in the same year Ingmar Bergman's father Erik Bergman baptized him into Christianity.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

[1] He obtained a patent for a water purification method and acquired 1955 Mibis for himself when the company over mired in financial crisis.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

The following year he married actress Ingrid Thulin [1].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

1960 he sold the company to a company owned by Bonnier (Bofö) and became financially independent through this.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

[3] [1] As a culture writer, he began his career in the world of film as a critic.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

He wrote for Bonniers Litterira Magasin [3] 1948—1956, and for Aftonbladet and Aftonposten.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

He then began to develop over and over again the demand for 'quality' which he later became the subject of controversy.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Schein was close to social democracy, and his countless comments on various topics represented a social democratic perspective.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

In the 1940s he joined Clartéhe, an independent organisation of left-wing intellectuals [3].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Svenska Filminstitutet Schein became a central figure in Swedish cinema when, in the early 1960s, he pushed through the establishment of the Svenska Filminstitutet and Sweden's first real film school, then Stockholms dramatiska högskola, and was the first director of the Filminstitutet () CEO 1963—1970 and 1972—1978, Chairman of the Board 1970—1978).


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

He was also the initiator of the 1963 real film reform of Swedish cinema, which involved that ten percent of the ticket proceeds went to the Svenska Filminstitutet, [3] and it funded Swedish film production for decades [4].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Schein was 1971—1976 active in the Department of Education report [1].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

After finishing the position at the Filminstitutet, he became CEO of Sveriges investeringsbank 1983—1987.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

He was also chairman of Stim and the Swedish Broadcasting for some years. UtbildningsDepartementet Schein spent years diligently engaging in public debate in journals, [3] and in the 1980s he had his own column column in Dagens Nyheter [1].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

1980 appeared in his autobiography Schein.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Schein was also an early media visionary.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

In his discussion book Inför en ny mediapolitik (1972) he discusses such topics as broadband, interactivity and democracy.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

In the book, Schein sets out his views on the danger of commercial cable television and proposes sizable solutions typically for the time and social democracy.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Harry Schein and Swedish Film Politics As a Social Democrat, Schein built a vast network that included leading politicians, other power-minded and cultural personalities.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

He was friends with Olof Palme since the 1950s and played tennis with him for years [1].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

These networks were instrumental when he created the guidelines for the establishment of the Filminstitutet.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

In the discussion book Har vi råd med kultur (1962), he set out his quality cultural outlook.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Film reform The film reform meant the beginning of a new era of Swedish cinema.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

The reform may have come to fruition when Finance Minister Gunnar Sträng, along with Krister Wickman, along with Schein, pushed through the abolition of the amusement tax on films.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Instead, 10% of the ticket price would go to the newly created Svenska Filminstitutet [3].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

It guaranteed continued Swedish film production over the next several decades, a production inspired by, among other things, the new wave of French cinema and the new view of society, and also had its place in short film and exploratory cinema.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

After the film revamp, initially successful Swedish cinema emerged, represented as the biggest names Ingmar Bergman, Bo Widerberg and Jan Troell, [1] and a new kind of cinema aesthetics.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Along with the Film Institute was born a film school, [3] the journal Chaplin, a film library and archive.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Several promising directors made their first film since 1963, for example Mai Zetterling, Roy Andersson, Kjell Grede, Jonas Cornell, Janne Halldoff, Johan Bergenstråhle, Jörn Donner and Vilgot Sjöman.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Ingmar Bergman and Schein became friends gradually, but in the beginning Schein was critical of many of Bergman's films.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Still, Bergman was the only one who could fit within Schein's demanding understanding of quality, as he writes in I själva verket: Sju års filmpolitik: Amid the storm, the quality requirement for Schein's production support was directed at “artistically quality” films.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

For the social critical documentary film format, for example Stefan Jarl's Dom kallar oss mods (1968), Schein considered belonging to television rather than film.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Controversy with the so-called Cinema Left took place for much of the 1960s [3].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

There was quite a bit of criticism when 1970 broke away from its own view that there would be no much-needed advance subsidies for the film's production, and still gave half a million kroner in advance funding to Ingmar Bergman's lack of money but internationally acclaimed exploratory film Whispers and screams.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

[5] Filminstitutet's critics set up Filmcentrum, an alternative distribution channel for short and documentary films, which did not receive Filminstitutet's support.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Schein was labeled an enemy of wide and democratic cinema.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Dissatisfaction with his management widened, and he resigned from the position of CEO in 1970 and took over as acting Chairman of the Board, [1] so that his power was effectively the size of the former.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

However, he returned as CEO for the period 1972—1978 [1].


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

The enthusiasm born in the Swedish film circle was dampened throughout the 1970s.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Salvation did not emerge from a new film contract of quality and retrospective support.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Schein left his post in 1978 [1] and left the film business.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Private life Schein and Ingrid Thulin divorced in 1989.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

They had lived apart for a long time and lived in different countries, but friendship remained.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

They had no children.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Before his death in 2006, Schein caused embarrassment with his behaviour, “and it is likely that the alcohol-induced dementia disease Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome” was the cause of Schein's behaviour.


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

Works (selection) Har vi råd med kultur?


Question: Who was Harry Schein's spouse?

Harry Schein

: Kulturhistoriska skisser, 1962 I själva verket: sju års filmpolitik, 1970 Inför en ny mediepolitik: kabeltelevision, bildskval eller kommunikation? , 1972 Schein, 1980 Kulturindustrins negativa verkningar: ett diskussionsunderlag, 1981 Om känslor och andra farligheter, 1983 Makten, 1990 I slutet av evigheten, 1991 Sluten: 5 oktober till 15 November 1994, 1995 Awards and recognitions Source: [3] Chaplin Prize, 1963 Svenska Filmakademins silverplakett, 1969 Guldbagge — Jury Special Prize, season 1969—1970 Vittorio De Sica Prize (Festival Prize), 1978 Stockholm University Honorary Doctorate of Philosophical Faculty, 1994 Sources Literature Harry Schein, Schein, Bonnier, 1980 Åsa Moberg, Kärleken i Julia Anderssons liv, Natur & Kultur, 2011 ISBN 912713072X Online installation made by the Kungliga biblioteket at the launch of the 2010 book in Yle Areena until 5.5.2018 (works when moving the mouse to a rotating section) Category:Persons in the film industry Category:Swedish journalists Category:Swedish writers Category:Swedish inventors Category:People born in 1924 Category:Jewish writers


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 — 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 [1] until her death.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

His reign lasted more than 63 years.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

On 1 May 1876, Queen Viktoria also adopted the title of Empress of India.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria was the daughter of George III's fourth son, Duke Edward of Kent (1767—1820), and the German-born Princess Viktoire of Saxe-Saalfeld-Coburg (1786—1861).


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

At birth, Viktoria was fifth in the succession to the throne, after her father and his brothers.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria inherited the crown from her uncle Wilhelmiv, who remained the last king to represent the Hanoverian family.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria remained the last monarch of Great Britain to represent the Hanoverian family.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

On his ascension to the throne, the personal union that lasted more than one hundred years of the kingdoms of Great Britain and Hanover also ceased.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[2] The Victorian era (1837—1901) is named after Queen Victoria.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Family roots Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (1767—1820), son of George III and Queen Charlotte.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[3] Viktoria belonged to the German Hanover family, which ascended the throne in 1714.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria was a descendant of James I, the first Stuart ruler of England, in a direct descending knee through his granddaughter Sophia of Hanover.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[4] Victoria's mother was Princess Victoire (Marie Luise Viktoria) of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Duchess of Kent and Strathearn (1786—1861).


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[5] His brother, King Leopold I of Belgium, was the uncle of Queen Victoria.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Life Early life Viktoria was born on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London, where her parents had arrived shortly before from Germany for their child to be born in England.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

A month later, she was christened Alexandrina Victoria.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The name Alexandrina came after the girl's godfather and Britain's war ally, Emperor Alexander I of Russia, and the name Victoria after annettin her mother.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

At that time Victoria was an unknown name in Britain, and since Alexandrina also sounded like a foreign country, many Parliamentarians sought to change the legal name of the princess in the 1830s, without success.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Victoria's father, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, died in 1820 of pneumonia, and King George IV took a debt-stricken mother and daughter into his ministry.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

As a one-year-old, Viktoria was third in the line of succession after her set.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Victoria's mother was German, so German was spoken at home, although Victoria was raised in English by her mother.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[6] Young Viktoria received a quality and versatile education, was taught e.g.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

French, German, Italian and Latin.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Victoria's mother was overprotective about her daughter and she had to spend her childhood without the company of children her age.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Afterwards, Viktoria had described her childhood as “mainly apean”.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Victoria's uncle, King Leopold I of Belgium, served as the closest father figure to him.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[7] After George IV's death in 1830, 11-year-old Victoria became the first heir to the throne of 65-year-old King William IV.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[8] As a teenager Viktoria especially loved studying history and Italian opera.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[9] He also studied singing and piano playing, where he became very skilled.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[10] In 1830, when Victoria was 11 years old, her mother, the Duchess of Kent, took Victoria with her advisor Sir John Conroy to explore Malvern Hills; the counties of Worcestershire and Herefordshire.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

From 1832 to 1835, they also made similar trips to other parts of England and Wales.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

To the chagrin of King William IV, young Viktoria was enthusiastically welcomed wherever they went.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

William IV described Victoria's travels as a “royal progression” and was concerned that Viktoria would be presented as her rival rather than heir to the throne.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

From his highly respected uncle, Leopold, who was named King of Belgium, Viktoria received a whiff of instructions for his monarch, such as “The fundamental rule is... be brave, firm and honest, as you have been hitherto.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

“[11] At the same time, King William IV's relationships with Victoria's mother had deteriorated so that the king publicly said that he hoped to live long enough for Viktoria to be old enough to ascend directly to the throne instead of her mother's foster control.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[12] Beginning of reign Victoria became queen on 20 June 1837 when William IV died.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[13] He immediately renounced his first first name of Alexandrina, moved his court from Kensington Palace to Buckingham Palace, and made Windsor Castle his second residence.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[14] He also began to distance himself from his former advisor Sir John Conroy, as well as his mother, the Duchess of Kent, although he took up residence at Buckingham Palace.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[15] During the summer of 1837, the new Queen welcomed the leading politicians, churchmen and other signifiers of her kingdom on an almost daily basis.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He also organized numerous parties in his palace.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[16] With the change of monarch, new parliamentary elections were held in the country in the same year.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[17] As a monarch, Viktoria at that time enjoyed privileges broadly similar to those of the President of the United States.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He was Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He appointed all key government officials, diplomats, as well as leading judges.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He had the power to bestow hereditary nobility on the nobles and, by extension, membership of the House of Lords.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The monarch also elected bishops and archbishops of the Church of England and the Protestant Church of Ireland, as well as the rulers of the British colonies.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The monarch declared wars and peaces as well as handled treaty negotiations between the states.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He could make draft laws and ask Parliament to allocate funds, as well as to provide taxes for the administration and defence of the kingdom.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

However, the monarch was not allowed to tax his subjects or legislate without Parliament's approval, nor was he allowed to dismiss judges.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[18] Many of the Queen's privileges were exercised in practice by her advisers, as well as the Prime Minister and other ministers, but they had to obtain permission to do so from the Queen.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Although the Queen appointed the Prime Minister herself, she also had to gain the confidence of Parliament in order to lead her government.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

In practice, therefore, the monarch had to appoint as prime minister the leader of the largest party in parliament — only if no party was dominant did he have a choice.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[19] At the time Victoria became Queen as Prime Minister there was Lord Melbourne representing the Whigs, who was also allowed to continue as Prime Minister.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria immediately got along well with Lord Melbourne, becoming an important interlocutor, tutor and friend to the Queen for a long period of time.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[20] In addition to his practical power, the monarch was also a symbol of Britain and its empire.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria got her image on the coins and postage stamps of the Kingdom, invented in Britain in 1840.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The country's national anthem “God Save the Queen” was also addressed to the monarch.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[21] Viktoria received from Parliament an annual income of £385 thousand, 80% of which was directed towards court salaries and expenses.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The sum remained the same until Victoria's death.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

During her first two years, Viktoria paid off her parents' old debts and directed child support payments to her cousins.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

After that, he began shopping for art, donating to charity and increasing his own cash register.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[22] Victoria's coronation was celebrated on 28 June 1838.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The coronation was very spectacular, the accompanying festivities lasted many days, and the event was offered to the whole nation and not just the elite like George IV's coronation.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[23] Marriage, family life and Albert's role as co-ruler Victoria was visited by young suitors between 1837 and 1839, among them European princes, but the young Queen was determined to marry only for love.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

In October 1839, the Queen's German cousin, Prince Albert of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha came for a visit to Windsor.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria became infatuated with Albert and proposed to him, which turned out to be the Queen's mission.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Albert agreed and 10 February 1840 was chosen as the wedding date.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[24] After the wedding, the couple spent a three-day honeymoon at Windsor Castle.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The newlyweds were very happy, although their personalities were contrasting: Viktoria was outgoing and stayed up late, and Albert was introverted as well as a morning crochet.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Initially Albert had only the husband's part and no place whatsoever in the administration of the kingdom, but he set about improving his position over the next few years.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[25] Albert said that he had taken it as his goal to assist and complete his wife's work in every way and to serve as the head of the family and finances.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Albert's role in the country's politics grew during the 1840s with Victoria repeatedly pregnant.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[26] In 1843 Albert had already become so important that the Queen replaced the word 'I' with 'me' in her proclamations.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[27] There was effectively a dual monarchy in the country, and many views hold that Albert acted as king.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

According to Victoria's own diary entries, such an arrangement was well suited to the Queen, who was very happy with her family life.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[28] Albert had considerable influence on Victoria's development into a powerful ruler, and he initially caused the rather libertarian Victoria to warm to the old cause.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[1] Viktoria and Albert had nine children between 1840 and 1857.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[1] Victoria's family notions were chaste in many respects: She rejected divorced women from her court and she did not like the free courtship of engaged couples or the public discourse of her time dealing with pregnancy.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

His own marriage was very happy, but generally speaking he regarded marriages as “lotto” and enslavement of a woman.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

She found her own periods of pregnancy and childbirth unpleasant, as well as breastfeeding distasteful, which is why she didn't do it.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[29] In June 1840 Viktoria was the target of an assassination attempt when a young man suffering from mental problems shot at Victoria and Albert travelling in a carriage.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

As a result of the incident, Parliament enacted an Act whereby Albert would become monarch upon Victoria's death if the heir to the throne was still a minor.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[30] Robert Peel of the Conservatives became Prime Minister after Lord Melbourne in 1841.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Albert immediately got along well with him as a person as well as in political terms, which allowed Albert's role in politics to grow.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[31] Over time, both Viktoria and Albert adopted Peel's reform policy on Ireland, currency and the regulation of foreign trade.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[32] Albert was elected in 1847 Chancellor of Cambridge University, and he reformed as well as expanded the university's syllabus significantly.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Albert was also responsible for organising the London World's Fair 1851, and Viktoria described the opening day of the exhibition as one of the greatest of her life.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[33] The king couple acquired a remote estate on the Isle of Wight called Osborne House and built a mansion there where they could spend their time in peace with their children.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[34] The couple were also attracted to Scotland, and in 1847 they rented Balmoral estate there and built a castle there as their residence.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[35] In the same year Viktoria had her eighth child, and she first used chloroform as an anesthetic in childbirth, prompting many women to follow her lead.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

By the mid-1850s, the royal couple already spent almost half their time at Osborne or Balmoral.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Their youthful extended family had changed the British perception of the royal family.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[36] Victoria's mother died in March 1861 and Albert in December of the same year.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria took her husband's death very hard and began a long period of mourning.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

She began dressing in black, apart from a white veil and headdress, and decorated Windsor Castle with black fabrics.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Albert's room was permanently left exactly in the state where it was when Albert died.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria devoted much of her time to completing Albert's plans and erected several statues for her.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He avoided public appearances for over ten years, but nevertheless still took an active part in the lives of his children and in the politics of the kingdom.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[37] Early stages of reign When Ireland experienced a severe famine in the 1840s, Viktoria bore much concern for the situation of the land then belonging to Britain and donated her own funds for the benefit of the hungry.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

At the same time, however, a rebellion spirit rose in Ireland, and in May 1849 an unemployed Irishman attempted to shoot Victoria in London.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria made her first visit to Ireland in August of the same year.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The Queen received a very enthusiastic and warm reception in Ireland from all social classes.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Later, Viktoria visited Ireland with her husband still in 1853 and 1861, though she has later been criticised by historiographers for still remaining too distant to the Irish.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[38] Viktoria and Albert, after 1846, fell on different lines in their foreign policy with the hardwired Secretary of State Henry Palmerston and sought to oust him.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The Prime Minister therefore promised to require his Foreign Secretary to obtain permission from the Queen to speak in her name.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[39] The Victorian era in Victoria's reign, or the Victorian era 1837—1901, Britain and the world as a whole changed considerably, both socially and industrially.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

According to writer Mark Twain, “[Viktoria] has witnessed more inventions than any other monarch who ever lived”.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Although Viktoria had neither a part nor a lot in most reforms, he was nonetheless reformist and quickly began to take advantage of things such as the railway, the camera and the telegraph.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Other reforms and inventions of the Victorian period included limiting the use of capital punishment, expanding the political rights of the common people, women's rights, workers' unions, reducing working hours, developments in sanitation, newspaper, steamboat, telephone, electric light, typewriter, copyright as well as anesthetics.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[40] Under Victoria, the United Kingdom changed definitively to a democratic-parliamentary monarchy, with the monarch not wielding great power but allowing the prime minister to act as supreme power.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

However, the Queen retained an indirect influence in the management of affairs, although she later sought to remain above the parties.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

There was a so-called “99-year peace” during Victoria between the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 and the start of World War I in 1914.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

During that time, the only war in Europe in which Britain was involved was the Crimean War of 1854—1856.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

In other parts of the world, however, the British were constantly fighting wars, including China, India and South Africa.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria was the daughter of a soldier for whom national defence was paramount, and she followed each war expedition very closely.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He frequently inspected troops, visited the wounded, conducted direct correspondence with his generals, and rewarded his soldiers.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

He also arranged a military funeral for himself.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[41] During the Victorian period, the British Empire grew to encompass a quarter of the entire habitable territory of the globe and 400 million crown subjects.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[42] Viktoria was critical of some of the conquests of the British, but he nevertheless considered British power to his underlands more desirable than that of the French or Germans and defended it.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

However, he opposed India's forced Christianization efforts, for example, and was religiously tolerant in his homeland as well.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[43] Death Victoria's health had begun to deteriorate in 1900.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

In January 1901, he suffered a seizure and was left bedridden.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Viktoria died at his holiday home at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight on 22 January 1901.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The coffin was brought to London and thence to Windsor on 2 February, and a military funeral was held for Victoria at her own insistence.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The coffin was placed two days later in the Frogmore Mausoleum next to Victoria's consort, Prince Albert.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[44] Viktoria was 81 years old when she died and had ruled for 63 years, seven months and two days.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

After him, his eldest son, Edward VII, Prince of Wales, rose to the throne.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The reign of the House Hanover ended, and Edward began the reign of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, inherited through his father.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Descendants Queen Viktoria and Prince Albert had nine children, eight of whom married into European monarch families.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Because of this, almost all monarchs in modern Europe are descended from Queen Victoria, and Victoria is referred to as the “Grandmother of Europe”.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

In World War I, the rulers of the three main parties were either grandchildren of Victoria (George V of Britain and William II of Germany) or married to one (Nicholas II of Russia).


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Among the modern-day monarchs, Victoria's descendants include Elizabeth II, the current monarch of the United Kingdom, Margaret II of Denmark, Harald V of Norway, Charles XVI Gustaf of Sweden, and Felipe VI of Spain.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

List of children Hemorrhagic disease Viktoria was a carrier of the hemorrhagic disease that plagued the King Rooms of Europe, and that mutation was probably born in her.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[45] Through his descendants, it spread to almost every king family in Europe.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

The most famous sufferer of the disease is probably Tsarevich Alexei, the heir to the throne of Russia.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

[46] See also Young Victoria, a drama film about the early stages of Victoria Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Arnstein, Walter L.| title = Queen Victoria| publisher = Palgrave MacMillan| year = 2003| id = ISBN 0-333-63807-7}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Barth, Reinhard| title = History greatwomen| location = Helsinki| publisher = Idea Books| year = 2005| version=( Frauen, die Geschichte machten.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Von Hatschepsut bis Indira Gandhi.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Finnish translation Tuulikki Virta, Katja Zöllner.


Question: Who did Henry VII spend a lot of time with in his childhood?

Viktoria (UK)

Startwords Arc Utrio| id = ISBN 951-20-6762-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Dawe, C. S.| title = Queen Victoria and Her People| location = London| publisher = The Educational Supply Association, Ltd.| year = 1897}} Viktoria Category:Born in 1819 Category:Those who died in 1901 Class:Key articles of screening


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworm, or “Lumbricus terrestris”, refers to the largest species found in Finland out of the 14 species of earthworms (Lumbricidae) family (Lumbricidae).


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

The word may also refer to other species of the same family.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

The irrigation difference is reddish and large in colour: the earthworm can grow to 30cm long.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworms usually live under soil, but come to the surface of the earth with rain.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

They are two-counted, that is, each earthworm, from small, has the genitals of both the male and female.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

However, the situation changes after mating, and whoever supplied the female part loses her female genitals and becomes a mere male.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworms can be found in the summer heat in clay soils more than half a meter deep.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

In winter, they are likely to burrow below the frost boundary.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

For some reason, earthworms do not occur everywhere, even if the soil type is similar to clay-rich soil by eye.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Suppose the acidity values of the earth would be affected.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworms are an important part of the soil diffuser body.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

They break down dead plant matter into dirt.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Anatomy Typically, an adult earthworm grows to 20 — 25 cm long and 1 cm wide, or up to approx.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

50 cm long.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

The basic form of the earthworm is brim.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

It is divided into several segments.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Each segment is a separate fluid filled compartment that surrounds the entire digestive tract (intestine) of the entire length of the body.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Sexually mature earthworms are characterized by a ring from about one-third of the head in total length, a clitellum, above which lie its reproductive organs.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Fluid oozes from the mucus secreting cells that protect the earthworm's surface.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

All segments of the earthworm except the oral and anal segments have very small hair-like socks; the worm uses them in such a way that they anchor parts of the body to the ground as the earthworm moves [1].


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Exercise and importance to the soil Earthworms move underground by waves coming from muscle spasms that shorten and lengthen the earthworm's body.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

The shortened part of the earthworm's body is anchored to the surrounding soil by small claw-like bristles positioned in divided sections along the earthworm's body.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

In every segment of the earthworm, except the first, last and clitellum, there are S-shaped ring-forming bristles sunk into the epidermial pits.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

The whole process is assisted by oily and slippery mucus.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Worms can make discipline sounds underground when disturbed.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

The worms also act like biological “pistons” by forcing air out of tunnels as they move.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

This is how earthworm activity aerated and mixes the soil.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworms also add minerals to the terrain and thus help the flora grow.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworms of certain species rise to the surface of the earth, as there are higher concentrations of organic material.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Since the abundant admixture of organic matter is clearly associated with soil fertility, earthworms are generally considered beneficial and organic “gardeners”.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Economic impact Different species of worms are used for worm cultivation.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Worm cultivation is often used in food composting.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

These earthworms are usually intruder (Eisenia fetida) (or its close relative dark-tunkioliero (Eisenia andrei)) earthworms, often known as tiger worm.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

They differ from other worms that live in the soil.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

In the tropics, African Eudrilius eugeniae and Indian Perionyx excavatus earthworms are used for composting.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworms are sold all over the world.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

The earthworm trade is quite something: in 1980, according to Doug Collicut, 330 million worms were exported from Canada to the United States (Canadian exports worth $13 million, U.S. market capitalization $54 million).


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Earthworms are also sold for human consumption.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Noke is a culinary term used in Māori culture in New Zealand.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Noke denotes earthworms, which are considered delicacies.


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

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Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

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Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

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Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

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Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm


Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

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Question: Is the intrusive difference dangerous for a person?

The earthworm

Category:Synovial Worms Category:Key Articles in Screening


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DRAM () is a type of read and write memory in which each bit is stored in a separate capacitor.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Since the charge of the capacitor over time disappears, the memory requires periodic refreshing (as opposed to static RAM).


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

In addition, reading the memory cell discharges the capacitor, so after each read operation, the data needs to be stored back in the memory cell.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Different types of DRAM have been developed, e.g.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

FPM, EDO, SDRAM and DDR SDRAM.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

History of Dynamic Memory Chips The first dynamic integrated memory chip was the Intel 1103 with a size of 1kbit [1].


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

1Mbit memory size was reached in 1984 and 1Gbit in the late 1990s [2].


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

General features of DRAM protocol and structure of circuits The memory address of DRAM circuits consists of two parts, a row address and a column address.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Common address lines are used for both of these.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Typically, the top bits of an address contain a row, the lowest bits a column.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

First, the line to activate is selected, and when the memory chip has activated the line, it will be notified from this row a column to read or write to.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The capacity of memory chips is typically reported in kilobits, as well as the width of the data in the circuit: for example, 2Mbit × 32 denotes 32-bit two-megabit memory, that is, eight megabit capacity.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

One address therefore always refers to the amount of data the size of the data width.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

When the memory width is something other than the width of the processor's memory indication (which is usually 8 bits), the machine's memory controller makes a change between the addresses used by the memory and those used by the processor.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Operating voltage SDRAM works at 3.3 volts, FPM and EDO (compression usually is SIMM) work at 5 volts.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

On older motherboards for PC computers, it was possible to use both SDRAM DIMMs and EDO SIMMs.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

In these, the power supply was separately for DIMM and SIMM, but the data bus was in one.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

If you put both on the same motherboard, SDRAM's 3.3 volt input is destroyed after a while due to SIMM's 5-volt supply voltage.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DRAM memory types DRAM memory types have been developed in several different versions including: FPM, EDO, SDRAM, DDR, DDR2, DDR3 and DDR4.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

In PC computers, these memory types are often used as central memory and are connected to the computer as memory combs.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

There are memory combs with a single-sided connector (SIMM) and today a duplex connector (DIMM).


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

For small computers such as laptops, the SODIMM (Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module) connector came into use.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

In the past, computers have been used e.g.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

ZIF connected memory modules.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

For mobile devices such as phones, a low-current version of DRAM is used.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[3] PlayStation 4 uses only GDDR5 memory shared between both CPU and GPU functions.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

FPM FPM () is a type of memory introduced in the early 1990s.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[4] It allows reading from the same row from each column at once so that only the column address is changed.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Previously, memory was read by both row and column setting.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[4] The search time for FPM memory was typically 100—60ns.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The FPM was not synchronized to the clock signal, but typically its speed matched the bus speed of the processors so that it took the processor to read sequential data over the series 5-3-3-3, i.e. for example, filling the cache line out of memory in four clock cycles took the total sum of these bus clock cycles, i.e. 14.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

EDO EDO () came into use in the mid-1990s.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[5] FPM deletes data from its output whenever it starts retrieving data from a new address.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

EDO keeps the previous data leaving until a new one is found.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Thus, the number of clock pulses required is reduced by one, and typically the processor is able to read EDO memory from memory with a clock pulse series 5-2-2-2, i.e., filling the cache line from four consecutive addresses takes 11 clock cycles with EDO memory.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

EDO memories typically operate at a rate of 70—50ns.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

SDRAM SDRAM () was introduced in 1996.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[6] SDRAM has subsequently been superseded by GDR SDRAM.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

SDRAM requires refreshing in the same way as regular DRAM.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Unlike its predecessors, SDRAM is synchronized to the clock signal, allowing better conveyor belting of the memory bus and thus faster sequential data transfer.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

However, SDRAM does not improve the search time, but may even slightly deteriorate (because you always have to wait for the clock edge before you can give commands to the memory).


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

SDRAM is able to give sequential data out in successive clock cycles.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

SDRAMs are therefore typically able to give sequential data embryos with a timing of 5-1-1-1, meaning it takes 8 bus clock cycles to fill four data-germ-sized cache lines.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

SDRAM retrieval time is reported as clock cycle readings, i.e. how much time it takes after the signal before the circuit gives data or the next control signal can be given to the circuit.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

CL (CAS latency) is the number of clock cycles after which the column address entering the circuit begins to give the data out.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

It typically has 2 or 3 clock cycles.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Ras-to-Cas latency indicates in clock cycles how soon a column address can be given to a circuit after the row address is entered.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Typically, this latency is 2 or 3 clock cycles.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

If you read data from a completely new address, you must therefore expect the sum of both delays, but if you read data from the same line as last read, a mere CAS delay is sufficient.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

SDRAMs have been manufactured at around 66—200MHz clock speeds, though as central memory for machines only with 66, 100 and 133MHz standards (original, PC100 and PC133).


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Faster ones have been special memories for graphics cards.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Many memories were capable of lower delays when operating at a smaller clock cycle, the CAS retrieval time of memory at 133 MHz may have been 3 clock cycles, or 22 ns, but at 100 MHz 2 clock cycles, or 20 ns. SGRAM SGRAM () is a specialized version of SDRAM for graphics memory for graphics cards.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Examples of functions include “Block Write” and “Mask Write”.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[7] SGRAM memory type is used in standards such as GDDR5.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DDR SDRAM DDR-SDRAM () is a type of memory introduced in 2000.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[6] DDR-SDRAM is very similar in function to the SDRAM memory type.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

However, in keeping with its name, it doubles the amount of data transferable when compared to previous SDRAM.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[6] DDR-SDRAM uses both the ascending and descending edge of the clock pulse for data transmission, from which reference to the doubling in the name.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[6] With its type designation, DDR-SDRAM also differs from its predecessors.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The type name of memory running on the 100 MHz memory bus is PC1600 and PC2100 on the 133 MHz bus.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Designations come from the instantaneous data transfer rate of memory in unit MB/s, for example PC1600 (8 bytes × 2 × 100 MHz = 1600 MB/s) and PC 2100 (8 bytes × 2 × 133 MHz = 2100 MB/s).


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Of the former, obsolete designations PC200 and PC266 can also be used.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The fastest standardized DDR operates at 400 MHz and has a model designation of PC3200.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DDR2 SDRAM Information is transferred in DDR2 memory by both ascending and descending clock pulses, as in DDR memory.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DDR2 is designed with a high clock speed in mind, and the memory core operates at half the clock speed relative to the external, allowing a clear increase in clock speed because internal speed does not become an issue.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

In addition, signaling has been improved and voltage reduced from the GDR.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

At the same clock speed, DDR2 is as fast as DDR in bandwidth and even slower in search times, but with the same manufacturing technology it is capable of making DDR2 memory running at almost twice the clock speed compared to DDR.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DDR3 SDRAM The next development step for DDR2 is DDR3 memory.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DDR3 memories are designed to increase performance and lower power consumption compared to DDR2 memories.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DDR3 uses a voltage of 1.5 volts.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] The DDR3 module is the same size as DDR2 but is not compatible with it.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The notch on the edge of the memory module is in a different location, which prevents the memory from being installed in the DDR2 strain.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[9] There have been changes within DDR3.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The presearch buffer is eight-bit.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] Efforts have been made to reduce power leakage with two-port transistors.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] DDR3 memory chips provide 64-bit bandwidth.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

DDR3 memory combs can be put three in parallel and thus get a 192 bit wide memory bus if the motherboard supports it.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] In a DDR3 memory chip, the internal retrieval time is one eighth of the data bus data transfer rate.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] The memory chip is capable of reading eight bits of data at each internal clock cycle.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] DDR3 technology has changed internally from DDR2 technology to where DDR2 relied on T-Branch architecture, [8] relies on the DDR3 Fly-by architecture, which is a simpler solution than the first mentioned one.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] In fly-by, memory chips are chained in series.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] At the end of the chain there is a termination intended to prevent the signal from reflecting back.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] Fly-by is used to overcome the limitations of the T-branch at high clock speeds.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[8] The next development step for DDR4 SDRAM DDR3 is DDR4.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

It uses a voltage of 1.2 volts.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Its clock frequency is from 2133 MHz and is up to 3200 MHz.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[10] [11] According to JEDEC's standard definition, DDR4 memory transfer rate is initially 1.6 GB/s per surface, later allowing 3.2 GB/s transfer rate per surface.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[12] [11] Other types of DRAM Other non-generalized memory chip types based on DRAM include SLDRAM, QDR SDRAM, and Rambus RDRAM.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

In its early days, Rambus as a competitor to DDR-SDRAM was RDRAM from the Intel backed Rambus company, which the company decided in 1996 would become the next type of memory.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The motherboard supporting it was introduced in 1999.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

However, DDR-SDRAM was cheaper to manufacture, in addition, RDRAM's license, acquired by few manufacturers, was expensive.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The shortage of manufacturers increased the price difference between memory types.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Furthermore, in a test of the influential Tom's Hardware, RDRAM's performance was no more than 3% better than SDRAM, and in some cases worse.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

[13] Intel abandoned RDRAM altogether by 2003.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

The first version of the RDRAM to go on sale ran at 400 MHz clock speed and on a DDR basis, giving it a theoretical band of 1600 MB/s.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Due to the operating speed of 2×400 MHz, the standard was renamed PC800.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

This naming was also the reason for the naming change of SDRAM modules between the preceding PC133 and PC1600 in the DDR.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Rambus memory was compressed into the RIMM memory module.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Due to the structure of the memory, no memory comb slots could be left empty; they had to be filled with CRIMM memory combs.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

A newer Rambus company proposal for a memory architecture is XDR DRAM.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

GDDR GDDR is a version of DDR memory specialized for graphics like graphics cards.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

GDDR standards include, for example, GDDR3 and GDDR5.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Embedded DRAM (eDRAM) for microcircuitry integrated DRAM type.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Mobile DDR Mobile DDR (also under the names MDDR, Low Power DDR, or LPDDR) is a low-current version of DDR memory for mobile devices.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

Variations include e.g.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

LPDDR, LPDDR2 and LPDDR4.


Question: When did DDR4 memory enter the market?

DRAM

See also Memory error (parity check in memory chips and ECC memories) Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Source, Olavi; Pietikäinen, Ville; Kosonen, Harri| title = New PC Technology Handbook | publisher = Helsinki Media Special Journals| year = 2000 (1997) | version = 6th edition| id = ISBN 951-832-015-9| pages = 251-268}} Category:Memories Category:Key articles in screening


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

George Walton Lucas Jr.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

Michael Michael (born May 14, 1944 in Modesto, California, United States) [1] is an American film director, producer, and screenwriter.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He is best known as the creator of Star Wars and producer of the Indiana Jones films.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He is the founder of the Lucasfilm production company.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

As measured at the box office in the United States, George Lucas is the most successful screenwriter of all time [2] and the sixth most successful film director [3].


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

Life and Career Childhood and Schooling George Walton Lucas Jr.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

was born in 1944 in Modesto, California into the family of George and Dorothy Lucas.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

His father ran a writing supplies store.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

[4] [5] In his childhood, Lucas was often ill and was more compact than most of his peers.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He remembers getting his first touch with a science fiction film after seeing the Forbidden Planet (1956).


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

[6] Young Lucas's passion was cars, and he dreamed of a career as a racing driver.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He dabbled in acceleration times.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

Lucas was educated at Downey High School, where his grades weren't particularly good.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

A few days before the high school closing party in June 1962, Lucas was involved in a car accident.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He was not seriously injured, but he had to give up his dream of becoming a race car driver.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

[5] [7] Film career Lucas continued his studies at Modesto Junior College where he became interested in cinematography.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He continued his studies at the University of California Film School, intending to pursue a film career.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

During his time as a student, Lucas made short films.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He won a scholarship to Warner Brothers, where he got to succeed director Francis Ford Coppola in his work.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

Lucas and Coppola founded a joint production company in San Francisco called American Zoetrope.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

The young directorial duo wanted to make films outside the Hollywood studio system, which would allow them greater creative freedom.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

The company's first production was THX 1138 (1969), a full-length version of Lucas's student film, which had won first prize at the 1967—1968 National Student Film Festival.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

[5] [8] Lucas filmed part of the Rolling Stones concert documentary Gimme Shelter in 1970.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

[9] Lucas and Coppola's collaboration ended in 1973, and Lucas founded his own production company Lucasfilm.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

He wrote and directed the 1973 film Svengijengi '62, which became a major success.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

It received a Golden Globe and five Oscar nominations, among others, putting Lucas in the directors' front row.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

[5] Lucas founded Industrial Light & Magic in 1975 to help him produce audio-visual special effects for his upcoming project Star Wars.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

Star Wars (1977) was a story written and directed by Lucas about intergalactic battles between good and evil.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

The film broke all ticket sales records and won seven Academy Awards.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

Lucas wrote two sequels to the film, Counter-Strike of the Empire and Return of the Jedi, which combined similarly sentimental storytelling and newfangled cinematic technology.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

The Star Wars film series made Lucas die-rich, as he had traded his directorial fees for a 40% share of the film's profits as well as licensing rights to the series.


Question: When was George Lucas born?

George Lucas

[5] After Star Wars, Lucas took a long break from directing and focused on producing films.