Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski named the last feature as the third factor.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Hypersensitivity Nervous hypersensitivity is the most significant factor predicting the high developmental potential of a person's personality, according to Dąbrowski.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Nervous system hypersensitivity manifests itself as heightened physiological responses to various stimuli, such as sensory stimuli and emotional experiences.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The more noticeable the hypersensitivity, the more intense the daily experiences of a person.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski outlined five different forms of hypersensitivity: psychomotor hypersensitivity, sensory hypersensitivity, hyperactive imagination (cf.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

to the description of the “skyline painter”), intelligence and emotional hypersensitivity.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

All forms of hypersensitivity — especially the three most recent forms — cause a person to experience daily life profoundly and its ups and downs intense.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski studied people commonly seen as paragons and found that heightened hypersensitivity played a significant role in their life experiences and the mental development that followed them.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Such people possess, a clear and strong value base and a strong capacity for empathy resulting from emotional hypersensitivity act as a kind of rudder that guided them forward in life.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The ability to sense, understand and perceive their surroundings accurately helped these individuals form a strong view of the world and what it should be like.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Although the various forms of hypersensitivity have a solid physiological background, hypersensitivity is nevertheless manifested mainly psychologically as a person develops different structures reflecting a pre-emerging personality independent of environmental influences.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The most important of such conceptualizations are so-called dynamisms (a kind of structures in constant change): biological or mental forces that control behavior and its development.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Instincts, aspirations and informational processes combined with emotions are such dynamisms.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dynamisms reflect the change towards autonomy to an increasing extent as the development of a person's personality continues.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Abilities and Talents The other branch of personality development potential, the person's abilities and talents, are inclined to serve goals consistent with the mental level achieved by the person.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

At lower levels, they are utilized primarily to achieve selfish goals, such as improving one's standing in communities such as the workplace and society.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

In individuals who have advanced to higher levels, abilities and talents, in turn, are channeled into activities consistent with the values formed by persons and the development of the personality that supports them.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski, the third factor, named the need for a person and efforts towards autonomy and growth as an individual as the third factor.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

He considered the third factor vital to the development of a person's personality because it harnesses a person's abilities and talent for the use of individual growth.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

On the other hand, it also often motivates individuals to pursue increasingly significant goals and seek to transcend themselves.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski did not consider free will as part of the third factor.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

In his view, free will did not adequately explain the motivation of an individual because a person can live fully in accordance with their free will without experiencing the need to change or grow as an individual.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The third factor describes the motivation to “become yourself”.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Such motivation is often so strong that a person may even make sacrifices to develop their personality.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A strong sense that a person must “be themselves” especially when it happens “at any cost” and especially when a person considers it a strong motivating factor for their spiritual growth cannot be considered an element of free will corresponding to public perception.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

If the developmental potential a person possesses is high enough, the person will confidently undergo disintegrative processes regardless of external factors that prevent and restrain them, such as social close circle or family efforts to prevent the person's personality development.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

On the other hand, if a person's developmental potential is too low, the person will not experience disintegrations (and hence mental growth) even under the conditions that contribute to them.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Also, Elaine Aron, who studied specifically sensitive personality extensively, fully independently of Dąbrowski, described the same type of phenomenon in which individuals have an innate remarkable capacity for personality (and general mental) development, explained by the hypersensitivity of the person's nervous system (cf.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

first factor) and with a tendency to develop a personality free from the constraints imposed by the social environment (cf.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

third factor) [1].


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Aron's interpretation of the phenomenon and the way it is considered, though, differs considerably from Dąbrowski's version.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Barriers to development, Dąbrowski called nervous hypersensitivity a “tragic gift” to stress the fact that life for a person strongly inclined to hypersensitivity is not even or easy.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Hypersensitivity is a double-edged sword, according to Dąbrowski, because being able to experience deep and holistic happiness also means being able to experience adversity equally thoroughly.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Also, the potential for creativity accordingly increases the likelihood of deep personal crises and stress.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Such stress is caused by conflicts between a person's internal and social environment and their own values, and serves as an engine in personality development, as it causes a person to strive towards a non-contradictory and balanced state.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

It should be noted that a hypersensitive person may behave suicidally during the acute phase of such stress.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Breaking away from the norms set by the social environment sometimes leads to a person becoming isolated and becoming isolated, increasing the person's risk of self-harm.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski spoke about the hypersensitivity and disintegrative processes of educating a person and advocating self-psychotherapy to explain to hypersensitive individuals a context that would allow them to understand their intense needs and emotions.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

He also suggested supporting hypersensitive individuals in their efforts to develop and find their own style and way of expressing themselves.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Hypersensitive children and adults alike must be allowed to walk their own paths at the expense of no longer fitting into others, such as those set by the family.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The essence of self-psychotherapy is the awareness that no one can show another the right path that he or she must walk.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Everyone must find their own path for themselves.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Levels of personality development Dąbrowski divided the population into five sections according to the level of personality development they achieved.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The extremes of the levels, the first and fifth, that is, the last level, are characterized by psychological integration, harmony and the lack of internal conflicts within a person.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

At the first level, a person does not — somewhat surprisingly — do little to experience internal value conflicts, because in this case practically every pattern of behavior is justified from the person's point of view: they are either good for the person himself (in harmony with the first level of self-centeredness (egoism) ) with) or they are justified from the perspective of the community surrounding the person, in which case the person therefore outsources the act of choices to the responsibility of the community.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

In either case, the person behaves, from their own point of view, like any other person and does things that he or she is generally “expected to do”.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

At the last level, a person is free from internal conflict of value because they have developed a strong and environmentally independent authentic personality, whereby they always act according to their inner instinct and the hierarchy of values they form.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

However, it should be noted that both at the first and last levels, of course, abundant external conflicts occur.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The intermediate levels — levels two to four — describe varying levels of mental disintegration and actual illness.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski emphasized the fact that the levels he described describe a heuristic mechanism.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

During the development of the psyche, up to two or three consecutive levels of properties can occur simultaneously.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Admittedly, it should be noted that they contradict each other.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Conflict between the characteristics of several levels manifested by a person is resolved when properties of one level take full control of the properties of the other levels, or if the properties of other levels recede and disappear from the way of the properties of one level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Level I: Primary Integration The first level is called the state of primary integration.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

People of this level often act primarily driven by biological impulses and instincts and influences from the social environment.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The vast majority of people in the first tier are unified with their environment or social circle.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski called them “ordinary people”.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

However, many of these people also act on both instincts and learned patterns of behavior.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski divided the people of the first level into two groups based on the level of integration.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

According to him, the level of primary integration is inversely proportional to the health of a person's mind — the average person expresses primary integration moderately, while the psychopath is strongly integrated into their environment.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

First-level people are often marked by selfishness and egocentrism (both explicit and latent) and seek personal satisfaction primarily.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Persons justify their actions through self-centered thinking, i.e. in other words, strongly follow the paradigm “purpose to sanctify the means”, sometimes ignoring even the serious wrong aspects of the means.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Individuals considered leader spirits are often such persons.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A large majority of people never break their state of primary integration or return to it after a brief disintegrative period (which is often experienced during adolescence).


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Disintegrations can also lead to partial mental growth of a person, so that some mental functions move to higher or higher levels, but some remain at the original level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Level II: Single-Level Disintegration The most significant characteristic of the second level is the tentative, short-term and often intense and deep crisis or series of crises.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Crises are spontaneous and manifest only on one level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Crises often have options that may seem different but are ultimately on the same level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Single-level disintegration occurs during developmental crises such as puberty or menopause, the handling of a stressful external event that burdens a person, or during psychological or psychopathological conditions such as nervousness and psychoneurosis.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

It consists of processes located on one structural and emotional level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

During single-level disintegration, automatic dynamisms occur, which a person is able to become aware and control only slightly.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

[2] Conflicts located at the same level, i.e. horizontal, produce conflicting emotions and confusion: many different but equal choices are of equal interest to the person, as a result of which the person falls into a state of indecision.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

If the forces driving the development of personality are strong enough, the person will be mired in an existential crisis: social fundamentals no longer explain a person's experiences, and there are no alternative explanations.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Desperation for existence dominates a person's emotional life during such an episode.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Resolving the situation begins when a person's individual values eventually begin to replace those adopted from the social environment, instilled by mechanical repetition.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

These new values, which come from within, begin to integrate themselves into the internal hierarchy of values that have just started their formation.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

New values often conflict with a person's previous values.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Many “status quo” type explanations for things (“things are the way they are”) adopted in earlier life, such as during school hours and from the surrounding social community, collapse and submit to a conscious, individualized critical examination and reassessment of the person.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Such exploration creates additional conflicts centered on a person's analysis of his or her own reactions to the world on a general level and on the person's own and others' behavior.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

General patterns of behavior and ethics of prevailing social order and norms begin to look inappropriate, wrong, or hypocritical.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Positive adaptive disorders questioning environmental norms begin to dominate the personality.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Such crises and adjustment failures meant, according to Dąbrowski, a strong potential for mental growth and the development of personality into a strong and integrity.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Mental health reflects more than just harmony and sympathy with the social environment: it also involves careful, personal exploration of the world and one's own values, leading to the development of individual personality.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The second level is the transition period, which does not remain permanently.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

According to Dąbrowski, the second level is always followed by a shift forward or backward—either reintegrating into the environment, that is, returning to the previous, level of limited personality, moving to higher levels in personality development, or drifting into psychosis or suicide.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

[3] Moving from this level to the next level involves a fundamental change that requires a phenomenal amount of energy.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The period is the turning point in personality development, from which there is a direction only in the direction of either decline or development.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The struggle between the three factors (first, second and third factors) described by Dąbrowski reflects this transitional crisis: “Do I follow my instincts (the first factor), the worldview taught to me (the second factor), or the voice of my heart (the third factor)?” The answer is to turn a person's primitive instincts (automatic reactions such as anger) into a positive motivation: to use emotions as a rudder for action and as a source of energy to resist stubborn responses and taken from the environment, seeks his own truth and listens Inside his own what should be done.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Level III: Spontaneous Multi-Level Disintegration The third level describes a new type of conflict: a vertical conflict between two options that are not only different, but also located at different levels.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

One of the options is as if higher, and the other at the lower level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Such vertical conflicts arise when a person looks at and observes upper choices in their life against lower choices.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A person looks at things “for the thousandth time”, but suddenly finds himself looking at it differently than before — than with a newest eye, which causes change.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A person can no longer just go back in life and see things the way they did before.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski called this vertical dimension of the review a multiplane.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Multi-level reflects a person's becoming minimally aware of the “possibility of upper choices” and the subsequent contrast between upper and lower in life.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Such vertical comparisons often illustrate the contrast of the actual behavior of a person located at a lower level with imagined ideals and goals and their alternatives.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Dąbrowski was convinced that genuine persons would find clear precisely following the path of superior choices, which again leads to a lapse in the state of mixed emotions and indecision that had prevailed at the previous level, as the difficulty of choice between alternatives fades.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

If a person's subsequent actual behavior fails to reach the level sought, it is often followed by internal disharmony and the need to review and restructure life that ultimately leads to reaching the ideal level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Therefore, multilevel describes a new type and intense contradiction — a contradiction that leads to development.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Vertical contradictions play a critical part in the process leading to a personality free of environmental influences and its considerable development.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

If a person is going to reach a higher mental level, then a change in multilevel (and with it vertical conflicts) must occur.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

If, on the other hand, a person does not have sufficient developmental potential to move to a multi-level level, he will eventually return from crises to the previous level, from which he will continue to return to the first level and reintegrate into his environment.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

When a person moves to a multi-level degree, a horizontal (single-level), stimulus-response-type model of life is replaced by vertical and hierarchical analysis.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The gradually emerging individual value base anchors the vertical point of view and between alternatives located at different levels of analysis into an integral part of a person's personality, as a result of which he begins to experience all events in relation to his own ideals towards which he strives.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

These personal ideals together form an ideal personality: how a person chooses to live their life.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Because a person relates and compares their experiences to a multi-level, vertical perspective, preferring lower choices becomes impossible when the upper option is available or when imaginable.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Level IV: Guided Multi-Level Disintegration At the fourth level, a person begins to fully control his or her own mental development.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The reluctant, spontaneous development of the third level is replaced by a purposeful, informed and self-directed examination of life from a multi-level perspective.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Achieving a level implies the actual appearance of the third factor, which Dąbrowski described as “conscious choices and valuation on the basis of which a person accepts or rejects things and qualities in himself and in his environment”.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

[4] A person consciously evaluates his or her beliefs and seeks to replace inferior, automatic, and adopted perspectives, positions and reactions from the environment with cautiously selected ideals that have gone through the evaluation and passage process.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A person's behaviour begins to reflect these values to an increasing extent.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Behaviour becomes less responsive, automatic, and more appropriate because behaviour too is subjected to the influence of the ideals chosen by the person.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The conscious internalization process that prevails in personality looks at social norms and accepts from them those that feel right and appropriate to the person.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Similarly, norms judged unsuitable are rejected and/or replaced by self-observed upper alternative values.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Social attitudes reflect a deep sense of responsibility based on both intellectual and emotional factors.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

At the highest levels, “individuals feel a deep sense of responsibility for justice to be done and for people to be protected from Troubles and wrongs, and such a sense of responsibility would take over almost everything in life.”


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

[5] Such a perspective is the result of experiencing life in relation to a person's internal hierarchy of values (multi-level view) and the subsequent appreciation of its potential, what life might be like, what it should be like and what it is like.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A dissenting perspective on issues with those left at lower levels manifests itself in passionate and strong actions for the achievement of an ideal world.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Because individuals who have reached a higher level have a genuine view of things, they also raise the level of their environment.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Sociability in this context does not just mean supporting the social order that already exists.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

If a social order embodies lower values, then supporting it would be a reflection of it and thus, according to Dąbrowski, “negative regulation”, a property of the first level.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

In this context, sociability is a subtle development of social relations on the basis of superior values.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The stations and facilities created with it are often at odds with the community implementing lower values (positive deregulation).


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

In other words, detachment from the values of such a community is a positive attribute.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Level V: Second Integration In the fifth level, a person reintegrates into his environment, but does not embrace influences from it; instead, the internal harmony developed by him and the individual internal hierarchy of values under conscious and cautious continuous review and evaluation work further as a rudder and energy source.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A person's behavior corresponds to the ideal state he seeks, as a result of which internal conflicts are hardly present and the person achieves “inner peace”.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The fifth level is described by a creative power of expression.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

A person's energy is strongly directed towards creative problem solving and art, and he embodies the noblest and finest qualities and strengths.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The artistic expression a person may have engaged in captures the finest nuances of a person's inner rich emotional life and is based on deep empathy and ability to comprehend the subject through and through.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

The works often deal with people's suffering and sacrifice.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

They may also be very visionary, unique and sophisticated, because individuals are completely free from environmental constraints and do not hesitate to dwell and sacrifice for their life mission.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Persons who have reached the level radiate energy and progress in their environment and society in areas such as politics, philosophy, religion and science.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

They are strong, genuine people who have developed a personal view of life and implement it passionately by interacting with their surroundings.


Question: In what year is collective intelligence developed?

Positive disintegration

Sources Unknown parameter |author-separator= ignored (help); Invalid |last-author-amp=1 (help) Unknown parameter |author-separator= ignored (help); Invalid |last-author-amp=1 (help) References Elsewhere Category:Developmental psychology Category:Personality psychology


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The song swan (Cygnus cygnus) is a species of large, whitish duckbird belonging to the genus of swans.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Its beak is yellow and there is no black tubercle at the base of the beak unlike the nodule swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

It is distinctively a bird of the north, nesting in the northern parts of the Eurasian continent and migrating further south for the winter after molten water.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

They are found in a large area and the global population is estimated at around 180,000 individuals.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In the 20th century, the population of the species regressed in Finland and Sweden, among others, due to hunting.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Thanks to the calm in Finland, the stock has recovered from 10 pairs in the late 1940s to an estimated 10,000 pairs in 2018.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The fall stock was estimated at 70,000 individuals in 2014 [1].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The song swan eats mainly vegetable food, which it rips off with its long neck and strong beak.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

However, it also uses small invertebrates for nutrition.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Pairs of swans mate at a young age and usually enter into a lifelong union.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

A pair of nests build on a small shed or shallow.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The female lays 4—7 cream-white eggs.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Both parents take care of the chicks born in the summer, who still spend the first winter with the parents.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

As sexually mature, the vocal swan comes in at an average age of 4—5.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

As a big white bird, the song swan has been a human interest, and the species appears in folklore and works of art.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Kaleivalese poetry speaks of Tuonen swan, and for example, a vocal swan flags in the background of Akseli Gallen-Kallela's painting Lemminkäinen's mother.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Lauluswan is also the national bird of Finland.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In size and appearance The Song Swan measures 140—160 cm in length, has a wingspan of 205—235 cm, and weighs about 9—11 kg.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[2] The plumage of the adult bird is whitish and the beak is yellow at the base and black at the tip.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The young bird is grey, and the patterns of the adult beak can already be seen on its beak, distinct from the black-based beak of the young nodule swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Individuals can be distinguished by the shape and extent of the yellow area of the beak.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[3] The sexes are the same colour, but the male is larger than the female.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[4] The vocal swan's flipper legs are black.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[5] Thanks to the well-developed circulation of the feet, even in severe frost, they do not freeze to the surface of snow or ice.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Cooled blood facing the heart and warm blood from the toes bypass each other in very closely spaced blood vessels, causing cold blood to warm up and warm blood to cool again.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

There is little muscle in the lower part of the bird's toes and feet, and because the cold further reduces the oxygen demand for tissues, the feet don't need very much blood to stay warm enough.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In addition, under threat of freezing, the bird can emit more warm blood into its peripheral parts.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[6] In addition, the bird can either lift one drumstick at a time to warm up the plumage, or press completely on its feet, so that the legs are protected by the plumage.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[7] The song of a vocal swan is like the sound of a brass blower or a big organ whistle, a deep honk that is decidedly more melodic than the honking of geese.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

As it flies, there is no such strong streaking sound as that of a lump swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[2] Moulting The young swan closes the summer following its birth and is white in its second autumn of life.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Admittedly, not all of the upper covering feathers on the wing regenerate, so when viewed up close, one can distinguish worn-out greyish feathers left over from juvenile plumage.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Moulting of an adult bird occurs in summer, in early July.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The female starts closing a bit from the dog earlier.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The wing melts detach within days, and the bird is flightless for 5—6 weeks during the fiercest feather harvest.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

However, this does not do much harm to the bird, as there is plenty of nutrition at the time of molten harvesting.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[8] [9] Differences with other swan species Differences between the lump, little and vocal swan The vocal swan may be confused with the nodule swan and the little swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The distribution ranges of the trumpet swan and black-necked swan, on the other hand, are so far from the vocal swan that species can only become entangled as orchard fugitives or as the vocal swan strays into North America.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In Iceland, the nesting song swan has been separated into its own subspecies “C. c. islandicus” (Brehm, 1831).


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

However, the status of the subspecies is generally set to be controversial.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[10] The vocal swan and the nodule swan are distinguished by the shape of the neck and tail and by the colouring of the beak.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The neck of a vocal swan may be a bit bent, but it resembles an upside-down letter J rather than the letter S like the neck of a lump swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The little swan weighs only 4.5—5 kg, so it is clearly smaller than the vocal swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In addition, the little swan has less yellow on its beak than a vocal swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Compared to the nodule swan, the vocal swan is slightly lighter, but in duels it usually beats the lump swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[11] The differences of the swan species are shown in the adjacent photo gallery.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Song swan population and its changes Distribution The song swan nests in northern parts of Europe and Asia from Iceland to Sakhalin.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The northern boundary of the nesting area is determined by the fact that a nesting lake must have a period of molten water about 150 days long.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[12] In 2006, there were estimated to be around 180,000 song swans worldwide.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[13] Over 65000 individuals are estimated to overwinter in Europe.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[14] In summer, the number of European song swans is lower, but many birds that nest in Siberia migrate to the Danish Straits and the North Sea for the winter.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Individuals nesting in Northeast Asia are occasionally strayed to western North America.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Around 13000 song swans overwintered in Japan in 1988.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[15] Icelandic swans migrate to the British Isles.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[16] In Finland, the song swan is found throughout the country, up to the southernmost coast, but the breeding population of the species is still strongest in northern Finland.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

This is to undo the species from the days before the pacification, when the swan population in densely populated areas was completely destroyed.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In lush lakes in the south, swan pairs are catching more chicks than in the north, so the regional distribution is leveling off.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[11] In the extensive 2004 survey, the Finnish swan population was calculated at 4500 pairs [12] In spring 2011 the nesting population was estimated to be between 5000 and 7000 pairs [17], and in 2018 the population was estimated at 8.500 to 11.000 pairs [18].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In 2014, the autumn population was estimated at 70,000 individuals [19].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The enlarging vocal swan population has also raised concerns, for example forest geese and other ducks have been feared to decline as competition intensified.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

There is no comprehensive data on the impact of the song swan on the population of forest geese in Finland [20].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Based on a study published in 2008 on the situation of ducks, it is known that the settling of song swans to nest in a new lake does not affect the populations of duckbirds already living there.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[21] Denmark is a wintering region for the vocal swan, but a few nesting pairs have been observed there.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[22] Migration The song swan is a migratory bird that migrates further south after open water.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

From Finland, song swans migrate to overwinter in the southern Baltic Sea, the North Sea and Germany.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The longest distance from Finland has been flown in Salla in 1996 by a ringed specimen found dead in the Netherlands the following winter, 2163 kilometres from the tyre site.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[23] Some song swans may remain in Finland for the winter, and especially during mild winters they remain abundant in the southwestern sea areas.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In spring, swans begin to return as early as March, and the main migration is in April.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In autumn, they gradually migrate in October—November as the water bodies freeze, with migration continuing into December/January.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[24] [25] Over Finland, birds of western Russia also migrate in abundance.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Song swans migrate in flocks with birds ranging from a few individuals to a few dozen.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Swans do not meet such migratory flocks of hundreds of individuals as in squalid ones.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Swarms migrate as a plow-like formation or queue mainly in the morning and morning hours, but also at night and in obscurity.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In the open ocean, swarms often fly close to the water surface.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In spring, large flocks of up to 200—300 individuals can gather on some shallow and nutrient-rich, partially melted lakes to rest and dine.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[26] [14] A total of 1076 song swans had been ringed in Finland by the end of 2006, and 3393 discoveries had been reported.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[27] The oldest song swan ringed in Finland has been 16 years 8 months and 12 days old.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[28] The oldest in Europe was a 26year 6 month old swan ringed in Denmark.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[29] Song swans are also ringed with a colour ring attached around the neck, the emblem of which can be read by binoculars or telescopes from afar.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In Finnish Lapland, some swans have been ringed in this way.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Especially in Germany, large numbers of wintering swans have been ringed with colouring rings, and there have been plenty of sightings from migratory and nesting sites.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Also in East Asia, [30] mainly in Mongolia, much new information about the species' lifestyles has been gained through the use of swan colour rings.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[31] Living Habitat The song swan avoids nesting on very large lakeships.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In the north, it nests in ponds of apases and swamps.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Further south, it prefers lush ponds and sheltered lake bays.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The availability of food determines the size of the territory: a dozen hectares may be enough in the south, but in the north the turf can be one hundred hectares.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[11] In recent years, nesting pairs have also been found in lush sea bays, mainly in the Gulf of Bothnia.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[32] On their migratory journeys, the birds stop at lakes, estuaries and sheltered coasts.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In their wintering range, song swans traditionally live in lakes, swamps, floodlands, brackish lagoons, and small bays.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[13] Nutrition The song swan spends about 75% of its wakefulness on eating [33] eating about one kilogram of vegetable food per day [34].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The song swan is able to use aquatic plants, grasses and barley, among other things.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

It also eats seeds, fleshy plant parts and blueberries [11].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The song swan rips aquatic plants such as horsetail and uistvita and their roots from the bottom of the lake with its long neck and strong beak.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

It also eats aerial shoots of aquatic plants, as well as aquatic crustaceans, molluscs, insects, and other small terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[35] [9] Like other semi-divers, the song swan stays on the surface of the water, but its long neck allows it to eat plant parts up to one metre deep.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

When seeking food underwater, it uses the very sensitive tactile sensation of the beak and tongue, and by means of the corneum strips of the beak it separates the plant parts from the mud.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[9] Chicks initially feed on protein-rich insects from the immediate surroundings of the nest mound [11].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Animal nutrition is important for growing chicks because plants contain few proteins needed for growth [9].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Chicks begin to practice eating aquatic plants around one month old [11].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Reproduction A pair of swans enters into a lifelong union, but if a spouse dies, one might mate again.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

An English study found that most vocal swans had only one pair during their lives, but as many as four pairs were observed in some individuals.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[36] Mating occurs at a young age, before first nesting.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

These so-called betrothed couples can be met in many places in the lakes and ponds where they seek and reserve for themselves a vast territory comprising the entire nesting pond.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The lake may have, depending on the size, several pairs.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The Kyhmyswan also nests in close settlements, at least in the southwestern archipelago, [37] but there is no published information about this, at least from Finland, as far as song swans are concerned.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The Song Swans guard their turf extremely tightly.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The male violently expels foreign swans and has even been observed to have killed an intruder.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The female is not as aggressive but encourages the dog to defend the territory.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Swans expel other birds and mammals from the feel of their nest as well.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[38] A pair of swans gather their large colony of aquatic plants, mud, peat and mosses in a small grotto or shallow in the middle of a straight-sided pond or small lake.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Both are involved in nest building, but the female does the bulk of the work.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The construction will be completed in a week, but will have to be repaired from time to time.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Among the nests there are soft plant parts that, when composted, release heat.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

As they decompose over the summer, the nest sags shallower.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[11] Swans nest every year on the same lake or pond.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

From its old age, the song swan has washed in lakes, the nodule swan in sea bays.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The strains of both species have strengthened, which is causing competition for living space.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[39] Although the nodule swan is larger, vocal swans have also been observed to have won battles.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[40] The female lays 4—7 cream-white eggs between April and May, which it incubates for 35—42 days.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The chicks hatch over a period of several days, as hatching begins before the egg count is final.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

During hatching, the eggs gradually discolor brown.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The male guards the nest nearby and evicts the intruders further afield.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

When the female leaves the nest to dine, it carefully covers the eggs with nesting materials.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Both take care of the chicks, but the chicks are able to feed independently immediately after leaving the nest.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Very often swans nest in a pond so small that it does not find sufficient nutrition for a growing family.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

That's when the parents lead their litter by foot to the nearest lake or to the next pond.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Often the forest sky can accumulate hundreds of meters, up to several kilometers.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[41] [9] Chicks spend the first winter with their parents, sometimes including chicks from the previous year.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Chicks learn to fly at 78—96 days old.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[8] Since it takes an average of about 130 days for a chick to develop from egg to migratory adult, chicks perish easily if winter comes early.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In Finnish Lapland, for example, only six summers out of ten conditions are favorable for the success of nesting.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[9] Song swans become sexually mature at 4—5 years of age, sometimes as early as 3 years old.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[8] Enemies of the Song Swan: Beasts, Parasites and Diseases In Finland, the most common accidental cause of death of song swans is colliding with an electrical wire, [42] because the adult singing swan is not attacked by predators as in exceptional cases.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Its eggs are sometimes threatened by nest bandits such as raven, fox, mink or wolverine.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The swans can also be driven out of their nesting lake by loons, lapdogs, or hoes.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Both spouses defend the nest and usually manage to protect the eggs and chicks.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[11] [9] No comprehensive study of disease or parasites in song swans has been conducted, but at least in Iceland, cleft worms belonging to the class of suckworms (Trematoda) have been found in abundance in the body of song swans nesting there.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[43] Parasitic species of this genus are also common in other swans of the genus, according to a study in France.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[44] Studies of nodule and little swans nesting in the Netherlands have also found several nematodes of the species Amidostomum cygni, which would probably parasitize on the song swan as well.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[45] In April 2006, a dead song swan was found on the east coast of Scotland with the H5N1 virus dangerous to humans.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[46] According to experts, the virus was of the same type as the dead swans found slightly earlier in Germany.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Most likely the swan had died somewhere else and sea currents had transported it to Scotland.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[47] The virus in question has not been encountered in Finland.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Human and Song Swan Persecution and Conservation According to the IUCN classification, the species is not globally endangered.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[13] In Annex I to the Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds of the European Union, the song swan was in the 1970s among the species for which the song swan is classified in the 'yellow class' in Britain [5], meaning it does not need immediate protection but is nevertheless a species to be considered.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[48] In the early 20th century, Lauluswan was losing out of Finland due to hunting and nest robbing.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

As early as 1916, Finnish ornithologist Einari Merikallio had warned of the collapse of the vocal swan population due to human actions.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Although the Song Swan was tranquilized as early as 1934, it was only washed in 1949 in the wilderness countryside of Lapland and Kuusamo.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

At the time, the stock size was only 15 pairs, according to Merikallion estimates.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[9] [49] In particular, Muonio's veterinarian, author Yrjö Kokko, worked exhaustlessly on behalf of the vocal swan through countless newspaper writings and lectures, and his books Laulujoutsen — Ultima Thule bird (1950) and Ne come back (1954) became Finnish nature conservation literature classics.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[50] [51] Tranquilization and Enlightenment did not begin to bear fruit until the late 1950s, and Reino Kalliola, the State Conservation Supervisor of Nature, was still concerned in 1958 about the persecution of the Song Swan [9].


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In the 1960s, an increasing number of swan shootings came to the attention of authorities, which may have been due to the abundance of the stock.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In 1975, the stock was estimated to be as early as 150—200 pairs, and from that it is still plentiful to the current number of approximately 10,000 pairs.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The compensation for shooting the song swan has been determined by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry to be 2018 euros.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[52] In Sweden, the population of the song swan declined in the early 20th century due to intense hunting, and by the 1960s there were only about twenty pairs left in northernmost Lapland.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

After reassurances and transfers, the stock rose to approximately four thousand pairs in 2007.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[53] In Japan, the song swan is not considered endangered.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[54] In January 1996, nearly 30000 song swans were counted wintering there.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[55] Hunting in Finland The meat of Lauluswan used to be important food in Lapland, especially in the spring, when the swans returned fat and fit and people were starved after winter.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Approximately five kilograms of flesh are obtained from an adult swan, and all other parts of the bird used to be used carefully: brooms were made from the wings, backpacks and furs were made of leather, feathers and down were used for many purposes, tracheas were made hunting horns and rattles, tibiae suction whistles and so on.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

During moulting in mid-summer, adult flightless swans and semi-grown chicks were caught by hand and dreamed.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Litters were also caught alive to be raised and fattened.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Eggs were considered a delicacy.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

They were also being collected for sale, with egg collectors arriving all the way from abroad.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Collectors paid well for swan eggs.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[11] Although the use of the song swan was widespread, in more southern and eastern Finland there was also a more negative attitude towards eating it.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

For example, in WSOY's Fauna of the Earth book from 1923, meat is described as “almost unfit for food.”


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In the eastern parts of the country, the song swan was considered a sacred bird, which may also have contributed to the survival of the bird population strong for quite a long time.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

According to tradition deposited from Kannonkoski in central Finland, killing and eating a swan was comparable to killing a “white pure angel”.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

However, during the shortage period following the wars, hunting of swans became heavily prevalent throughout Finland.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

People's attitudes towards the swan had also changed, and there was no longer belief in the bird's “sanctity”.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[9] In 2007, hunting organisations in Finland suggested that hunting of the song swan could be resumed due to the abundance of the stock.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

It was speculated that the aggressive swan was hampering the nesting of other waterfowl.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[56] Birdlife says studies do not support the claims.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[57] Already in 2004, Minister of Agriculture and Forestry Juha Korkeaoja proposed hunting swans.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Wildlife organizations objected to the motion, proposing to refer hunting matters to the Department of the Environment.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[58] Damage to agriculture Mass deposits of the Song swan, eating of crops and defecation have begun to hamper farming, especially in the 2010s.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Dining swans in fields and fodder grassland may cause damage to farming, inter alia because their faeces and plantation trampling may reduce crop quality.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

However, crop losses caused by swans are not covered by the Crop Damage Act.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[59] The harm caused by migratory flocks to crops can be prevented by setting up, preferably 5 hectares, of arable areas where barley-pea mixture and fodder grass are sown well suited for the consumption of song swans.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Oats are sown around these, which do not attract swans.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Gas cannons, electric mobile scarecrows or ultrasonic and laser deterrents can also be used by waiver.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[60] In the culture of the Song Swan, the attention-grabbing big white bird has always been a subject of human interest.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Its immaculate whiteness and pairing loyalty have fuelled people's imaginations from generation to generation.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Whiteness has been typically a metaphor for light and purity.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Myths and folklore Many of the petroglyphs in Karelia present swans, and the people who made them are sometimes referred to as the waterfowl people.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[61] According to Karelian belief, the swan was not to be harmed in any way, and whoever killed the swan was believed to be destroyed soon himself.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[62] The swan may have been considered one of the animals that served as a link between the afterlife of the Underworld and the living world on this side.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

This is referenced, among other things, by accounts of the Tuonen swan swimming in the Tuonen river.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[63] The vocal swan has previously been used as the popular names big swan, big swan and swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[64] In the art of Lauluswan, artists of the Golden Age of Finland painted a lot of vocal swans and associated it with both kalevale and ancient lore.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[65] For example, Magnus Enckell used swans in his works Fantasia and Man and the Swan, in which the symbolism of the bird was not so much related to national traditions but more with ancient myths such as the Leda and the Swan narrative.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[66] In Otto Manninen's poems Swans and Swan Song, swans symbolize purity and brightness are presented to swans fleeing the coming of autumn.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[67] The Swan of Tuonela, part of composer Jean Sibelius's Lemminkäinen series, belongs to the traditional repertoire of orchestras.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[68] In Gallen-Kallela's Lemminkäinen Mother painting, the swan flags on the stream of the Tuonela.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

You can tell from the neck position that the model has been a vocal swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In Finland, symbolism began with the visual arts, and it is concluded that Gallen-Kallela inspired Sibelius, who in turn inspired Eino Leino to write the play poem The Swan of Tuonela.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[69] In the summer of Leino Lapland, swans are a symbol of hope and new influences: The swan also appears in the last verses of the poem Uuno Kaila, who influenced the Fire Bearers: [70] Half a century after the National Romantics, Yrjö Kokko wrote a song about the swan In quite other circumstances: when, at the end of the 19th century, the song swan was commonly washed up in central Finland, in the 1950s the only nesting sites were in the remote region of Lapland.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Kokko had already published the storybook Pessi and Illusia and described the nature of Lapland in the book Road of the Four Winds.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

In the book Song Swan — The Bird of Ultima Thule, he combines the photographs he took himself with a profuse description of the life of a pair of swans.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Bonfire did background work for the book for five summers and searched for the singing swan's nest with the help of local guides.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

The search for swans was also part of the reason Kokko moved to Lapland after the war.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[11] Reino Helismaa has also translated Lasse Dahlquist's song “Kulkuri ja swan”.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

It's about a dream journey in the company of a swan.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[71] Swan emblems and brands The stylized swan has been used in many logos and brands: Swan symbol (Norden) — Nordic cooperation [72] Swan sign - Nordic eco-label [73] Happy from Finland — swan flag [74] Joutsenon, Salon, There is or has been a swan in the coats of arms of the municipalities of Korpilahti and Munsala.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[75] Broadcasting television has had a swan emblem since the 1950s.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

[76] The Lauluswan was on the hundred-mark banknote since 1986 (the front of the banknote was decorated by Jean Sibelius), [77] and is also depicted on the crown side of the Finnish one euro coin.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Sources On the topic elsewhere Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) (mp3 file) Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hautala, Hannu; Suominen, Teuvo| title = Luongswans| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1991| id = ISBN 951-1-11576-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hautala, Hannu| title = Swan | publisher = Weilin+Göös| year = 1988}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hautala, Hannu; Parkkinen, Jukka; Lindquist, Marita| title = Swan Lake - a story about the nest and chicks| publisher = Finnish Nature Conservation| year = 1982}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Huttunen, P. and M. Paakkinen (ed.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

) | title = Eagle and a Thousand Swans.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Äyräpää bird paradise| publisher = Otava| year = 2003| version = 158 s| id = ISBN 951-1-17971-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ikävalko, Reijo| title = Lauluswan, national bird| location = Helsinki Jyväskylä | publisher = Minerva| year = 2006| version = Text: Reijo Age Belarus.


Question: What is the most common wintering ground for migratory birds nesting in Finland?

Song Swan

Images: Seppo Haavisto, Hannu Siitonen, Seppo J. J. Sirkka| id = ISBN 952-5591-74-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Knuutinen, Yrjö| title = Kurkki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1970}} ite book| author = Bonfire, Georg| title = Song Swan — Ultima Thule Bird| publisher = WSOY| year = 1950}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Bonfire, Georgian | title = They come back| publisher = WSOY| year = 1954}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Leinonen, Matti| title = Lauluswan, Finnish national bird| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-0-23731-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Parkkinen, Jukka| title = Yrjö Kokko — poet of fairy tale and nature| publisher = WSOY| year = 2003| | id = ISBN 978-951-0- 28407-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Väisänen, Risto A. Lammi, Esa & Koskimies, Pertti| title = Variable nesting bird| publisher = Otava| year = 1998| id = ISBN 951-1-12663-6}} Category:Swans Category:National Symbols of Finland Category:Key Screening Articles Category:59.3 Birds


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Events January 1 January — Järvenpää turned into a city and Haapajärvi, Kankaanpää, Oulainen and Suonenjoki into merchant houses.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

1 January — Joints of municipalities in Finland: Angelniemi Municipality was annexed to the municipality of Haliko Lauritsala, and Lappee Municipality was annexed to the city of Lappeenranta Maaria Municipality was annexed to the city of Turku Parainen was annexed to the city of Pori Uskela Municipality was annexed to the city of Salo The municipality of Vanaja was mainly annexed to the city of Hämeenlinna, smaller areas also in the municipalities of Hattula, Janakkala and Rengo on 4 January — Englishman Donald Campbell was killed trying to break power boats speed record at Lake Coniston.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

10 January — Princess Margriet of the Netherlands and Pieter van Vollenhoven, of bourgeois descent, are married.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

13 January — Military coup d'état led by Étienne Eyadema in Togo.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

January 15 — Louis Leakey announced the discovery of fossils of a human ancestor in Kenya, he gave the species the name Kenyapithecus africanus.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

16 January — Italy stands to support the admission of Great Britain as a member of the European Economic Community.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

16 January — The section of the Tuusula motorway (Tuusulanväylä) in the Helsinki city area was opened to traffic.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

20 January — Rauno Aaltonen wins the Monte Carlo Rally with a Mini Cooper S car.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

This was Finland's third consecutive win at the Monte Carlo Rally.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

On 20 January — the Finnish Association of Homes Radio and Television was founded in Helsinki on 23 January — proceedings against Nazi war criminal Wilhelm Harster began in Munich.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

He was on trial for 82856 murders, including the murder of Anne Frank.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

24 January — British Prime Minister Harold Wilson met French President Charles de Gaulle in Paris.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Wilson acknowledged the chances of Britain joining the EEC, the European Economic Organisation, but the talks were left fruitless.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

January 25 — Border Joosep border crossing opened.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

26 January — The British Parliament decides to nationalise 90% of the steel industry.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

26 January — The trial against writer Arvo Salo began at the Helsinki Rastu Court.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Captain Artturi Vuorimaa accused Salo of violating copyright law because Salo had lent several excerpts from Vuorimaa's book Three Months in Kosola to the Lapuan opera he wrote.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

January 27 — Three Apollo 1 astronauts are killed by fire.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

January 27 — The United States, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom sign the Outer Space Treaty, which prohibits the use of space for military purposes.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

31 January — West Germany and Romania establish diplomatic relations.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

February 4 — Finnish President Urho Kekkonen held the so-called. Ostrobotnia's speech, in which he, among other things, declared that it was important that the People's Democrats also had to have a principled right to be involved in the government of the country to influence the course of the kingdom's affairs.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

5 February — General Anastasio Somoza Debayle becomes President of Nicaragua.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

February 6 — Tokyo diplomatic sources reported that People's Republic of China President Liu Shaoqi and Communist Party General Secretary Deng Xiaoping had been suspended “from all their key posts.”


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

February 7 — The Chinese government announced that it could no longer guarantee the safety of Soviet diplomats outside the embassy.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

8 February — The SDP sided behind President Urho Kekkonen in the 1968 elections.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

14 February — King Constantin II of Greece fled the country after his coup failed.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

15 February — The Soviet Union announced that it had deployed troops near the Chinese border.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

18 February — China sent three divisions to Tibet.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

February 20 — Kurt Cobain, soloist and guitarist of the band Nirvana, was born.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

24 February — Moscow forbade its satellite states from establishing diplomatic relations with the Federal Republic of Germany.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

27 February — West Germany and Jordan re-establish their diplomatic relations since 1965.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Relations had been severed after West Germany recognized Israel.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

28 February — A snowstorm hit Finland and hampered traffic, especially in Ostrobothnia.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

March 1, March 1 — Brazilian police arrest Franz Paul Stangl, former commander of Treblinka and Sobibór.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

6 March — Josef Stalin's daughter Svetlana Allilujeva defects to the United States at the embassy in New Delhi.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

8 March — Luxembourg announced its support for Britain to join the EEC.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

8 March − A printing strike began in Finland, which e.g.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

interrupted the appearance of all newspapers and magazines.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

The strike ended on 29 March.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

12 March — Indonesia's parliament took all power from Sukarno and named Suharto president.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

13 March — Moise Chombe, former Prime Minister of the Republic of Congo (formerly Belgian Congo) sentenced to death in absentia.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

March 15 — Soviet Premier Alexei Kosygin said neo-Nazi activity in West Germany has spiked to a worrying extent.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

18 March — Tank ship Torrey Canyon shipwrecked off the southwest coast of England, leaving 120,000 tonnes of oil into the sea.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

19 March — Referendum in French Somaliland spurred contact with France.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

March 21 — Military coup in Sierra Leone.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

April 7 — Six-Day War: Israeli fighter jets shot down seven Syrian MiG-21s.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

8 April — Eurovision was held in Vienna.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

April 9 — The first flight of a Boeing 737-passenger aircraft took place.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

11 April — Reform of the Criminal Code on Religious Offences is postponed by a force of 77 MPs over the next parliamentary elections.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

13 April — President Urho Kekkonen formally agrees to run for the 1968 presidential elections.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

April 15 — Large demonstrations against the Vietnam War in New York and San Francisco.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

16 April — At its party conference in Tampere, the National Coalition elected Matti Virkkunen, President of Kansa-Osa-Bank, as its presidential candidate for the 1968 elections.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

19 April — Heikki Hasu, a skier and farmer, rose to become MP for the Centre Party after the death of Marja Lahti.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

21 April — A “colonel junta” led by Georgios Papadopoulos seized power in Greece.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

April 24 — Cosmonaut Vladimir Komarov embarked on Soyuz 1 flight, he died during landing.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

April 27 — Montreal World Expo 67 opened.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

April 29 — Fidel Castro announces that all intangible property belongs to the state and that Cuba intends to translate and publish technical literature without compensation.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

May 2 — A session of the “International War Crimes Tribunal”, or “Russell Tribunal”, convened at the initiative of the British philosopher Bertrand Russell and French writer Jean-Paul Sartre, began in Stockholm to determine whether the United States was guilty of war crimes in Vietnam.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

The court found the United States guilty on May 10.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

6 May — Dr Zakir Hussain became India's first Muslim president.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

10 May — Andreas Papandreu was charged with treason by the Greek military government.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

13 May — TPSL MP Olli J. Uoti dies.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

He was replaced in Parliament by Kauko Tamminen of the SKDL, an electoral alliance partner.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

14 May — 58 new patrol cars acquired through the Hamster campaign brainstormed by journalist Niilo Tarvajärvi were handed over to the Mobile Police at the Senate Square in Helsinki.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

The cars were received by Chief Police Officer Fjalar Jarva.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

15 May — SKDL stands to support the re-election of President Urho Kekkonen in the 1968 elections.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

16 May — Peace organisation Sadancommittee organised a demonstration march in Helsinki to draw attention to the status of conscientious objectors in Finland.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

At the end of the march, the organisation's members Markku Lahtela, Kalevi Seilonen, Ilpo Saunio and Tauno Tuomivaara publicly burned their military passports, for which they were later sentenced to fines.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

17 May — With war threatened, Syria declared mobilization.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

May 17 — President Gamal Abdel Nasser called for UN peacekeepers to be withdrawn from Sinai.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

May 21 — Prime Minister Rafael Paasio travelled to Israel for a visit, but he was forced to return to the homeland as early as two days later due to the tightening situation in the Middle East.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

22 May — Toivo Särkkä, who was one of the key influencers in the Finnish film industry, was awarded the first title of Film Advisor awarded in Finland.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

22 May — The Jimi Hendrix Experience performed for the only time in Finland at the Helsinki House of Culture.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

22 May — A fire at the five-story L'Innovation department store, completed in 1901, left 323 people dead and 150 injured.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

23 May — Egypt closes the Strait of Tiran and the Israeli port of Eilat.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Foreign observers saw the outbreak of war between Egypt and Israel as inevitable.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

23 May — Prince Bertil of Sweden arrived on a five-day visit to Finland.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

27 May — Kristiina Kankaanpää, 16 year old from Tampere, was chosen as the world's teenage princess in Chicago.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

28 May — Englishman Francis Chichester arrives at Plymouth Harbour after sailing around the globe in 119 days.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

30 May — Biafra declares independence from Nigeria.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 1 — “The Beatles” album by the band Sgt.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band was released.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

1 June — The Haarla cellulose plant in Lauka in Lievesvaure ceased operations after the company's financiers stopped supporting the plant.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Strengthened environmental protection requirements also contributed to the abolition.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Nearly 500 people were left unemployed.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

1 June — Helsinki Ratuvancourt dismissed the action brought by Captain Artturi Vuorimaa against writer Arvo Salo.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

4 June — One hundred years since the birth of Marshal Mannerheim.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

A statue of the marshal sculpted by Kalervo Kallio was unveiled in Mikkeli.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 5 — The Six-Day War began: Israel attacked its neighbors and conquered the West Bank, Gaza, Sinai and Golan during the war.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

5 June — Royal Mail in the United Kingdom issued the first batch of so-called Machin definitive stamps featuring an image of Queen Elizabeth II created by Arnold Machin.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 8 — Israel attacks the USS Liberty, killing 34 and wounding 171 U.S.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

10 June — The Soviet Union severed relations with Israel.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

Israel had accused the Soviet Union of arming Egypt and Syria.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 10 — Wedding of Princess Margaret of Denmark and French Count Henri de Laborde de Monpezat.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 11 — Racial riot in Tampa, Florida.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 11 — The Six-Day War ended in an armistice.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 12 — The U.S. Supreme Court ruled laws banning interracial marriages unconstitutional.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 12 — Soviet Venera 4 launched on its course, becoming the first space probe to relay data from the gas ring of another planet.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 16 — The three-day Monterey Pop Festival began.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

17 June — The People's Republic of China detonates its first hydrogen bomb.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 19 — Master boxer Cassius Clay (Muhammad Ali) is sentenced to five years in prison and $10,000 fines for refusing to perform his conscription.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 26 — Pope Paul VI called for Jerusalem to be turned into an international free city.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

27 June — Max Jakobson, Finland's ambassador to the UN, outlined Finland's position at the UN General Assembly that Israel had to withdraw its troops from the territories it occupies.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

June 28 — Israel declared that it annexed East Jerusalem itself.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

July 3 — Rebellion led by Belgian mercenary Jean Schramme began in Katanga, Congo.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

4 July — The United Kingdom legalised homosexuality.


Question: In which city was Mario Cipollini born?

1967

6 July — Nigerian forces invade Biafra following declaration of independence.