Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Caesar returned to Rome with his army, starting a civil war, upon the end of which Caesar seized power, rising to dictator.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[12] In 44 BC.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Caesar was assassinated by conspirators in the Senate, after which a new period of civil wars began.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

See also: Roman Civil War Beginning of the Imperial period After Caesar died his niece's son, Octavian, became the first Roman emperor under the name Augustus after the new civil wars.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Augustus was succeeded by emperors of the House of Juliusten-Claudiustes (e.g.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Tiberius and Nero) and these Flaviuses (e.g.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Vespasianus).


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The years 96—180 are considered the period of the Empire's greatest heyday.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In this case, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius ruled.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Marcus Aurelius was forced to fight on the Danube frontier against the Germans.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

This Marcomani War gave a foretaste of the problems of the centuries to come.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In 193, the powerful Septimius Severus came to power, followed by the Severuste dynasty that ruled until 235.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[14] After Augustus defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra, Egypt was annexed to Roman rule in 31 BCE.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Subsequently, the Mediterranean Sea was in its entirety within Roman territories.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Augustus also made an attempt to annex Germania to the kingdom as far as Elbe.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

However, it was not successful, as the Roman army lost the Battle of Teutoburg in 9.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Subsequently, the northern border of the kingdom ran from the Black Sea to the North Sea, primarily along the major rivers, the Danube and the Rhine.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

A few more conquests were made after the time of Augustus.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Under Claudius, Rome conquered Britain.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The last significant conquests were made under Trajan.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In 106, Daak (approximately present-day Romania) was conquered, which was lost in 270.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In the east, the conquest of Mesopotamia was short-lived (114—117).


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[15] [16] See also: Roman Emperor Crisis of the 200th Century Crisis is an appellation commonly used from the period of dissolution of the Roman Empire, which existed around the years 235—275.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The kingdom then came on the brink of destruction.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

At the same time, the so-called period of military anarchy, 235—284, is also set.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[17] [18] Rome had more than 35 different rulers during the crisis period.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Most of these were warlords who had risen to the rank of emperor with the support of the warfolk and gained power either throughout the kingdom or in some part of it.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Nearly all emperors of this period, however, were murdered or died in battle usually only a few years after coming to power; with the only exception Claudius Gothicus, who died of a pestilence.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In addition to politics, the economy was also crisis-hit.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

On the other hand, many other problems also emerged, including unrest, disease and civil wars.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Internal unrest manifested itself as separatist aspirations, for example.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Postumus, who founded the so-called Gallic Empire in the west, and Queen Zenobia in the east, both sought to achieve independence from the central government.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[19] At an earlier stage, efforts had been made to move the army further away from the centres of power, thus stabilizing the state.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Now the army returned to the centre of power and dominates society as a whole.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

It also grew significantly.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The army began recruiting outsiders, especially Germans.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Settlements in the frontier areas were deserted in many places.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In the 200th century, the empire also experienced its first serious military defeats in centuries.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Germans plundered in many places, the Goths defeated Decius, and Persia emerged as Rome's rival.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Emperor Valerianus was taken prisoner by Sapor I, King of Persia.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The story goes that she was skinned.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[20] [18] After 35 years of such spending, the kingdom was in the tongues of death.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

However, Aurelianus, counted among Rome's most talented emperors, managed to secure the borders of the empire.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Diocletian continued to consolidate conditions.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Survival from the crisis, however, was probably more by chance and dictated by structural factors than by individuals.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Tetrarchy, or Four Emperors Power Tetrarchy, or “Four-Power”, was a system of government introduced by Emperor Diocletian in 293 to solve the kingdom's serious military and economic problems.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The kingdom was divided into western and eastern parts.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Diocletian himself kept the East in his power and gave the West to his fellow ruler Maximianus.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Eight years later, Diocletian felt that even more attention should be given to problems of both military and civilian nature.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In this case, a sub-emperor, or “caesar”, was appointed to both emperors, an “augustus”.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

This tetrarchical system survived until about 324.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The first tetrarchs were Diocletian (Emperor of the East), Galerius (Sub-Emperor of the East), Maximianus (Emperor of the West), and Constantius Chlorus (Sub-Emperor of the West).


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[21] [22] Late antiquity Late antiquity usually refers to the years 300 and 600 or so.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

the time between.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The development of Late Antique Rome has traditionally been perceived as decadence, manifested in the collapse of the Imperial central government and the shake-up of the basic structures of the economy and society.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

According to the criticism of this view, it was rather a process of change, which should not be judged on the basis of the outcome, that is, the Middle Ages.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The line of interpretation emphasising decadence highlights the disappearance of the Western Roman Empire, military defeats, internationals, and the decline of urban culture, especially in Western Rome.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Scholars stressing change and continuity again highlight the flourishing of (Christian) culture, the preservation of ancient heritage, and especially the heyday of Eastern Rome in the late 4th century and under Emperor Justinian.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The most notable feature of Late Antiquity is the spread of Christianity and the consolidation of its status.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

At the same time, a monastic institution was also born.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Many emperors were hostile to Christianity and launched persecutions, but during the reign of Constantine I the Great in 313 share.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

given the Edict of Milan allowed the practice of Christianity and at the same time elevated it to one of the official religions of Rome.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Constantine also moved the capital to Constantinople, “New Rome”, although even old Rome retained its great symbolic importance.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Constantine also continued the economic and social reforms initiated by Emperor Diocletian.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[23] In Late Antiquity, a conception of the connection between church and state arose.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Under the reign of Emperor Theodosius (379—395), Christianity became the only official religion in Rome.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The emperor was seen as God's replacement on earth and efforts were made to identify him with Jesus in many ways.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

On the other hand, the Christian view of Jesus took influence from the emperor institution.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The church began to resemble a “state in a state”.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Particularly in the western part of the empire, as imperial administration ravaged, the Roman bishopric, or pope, also increased in importance in terms of secular exercise of power.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Upon Theodosius's death in 395, Rome was definitively divided into Eastern and Western Empires, whose fates began to take different paths.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The split didn't seem definitive to contemporaries, but that's what it turned out to be.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In the western parts of the kingdom, the central government began to become paralyzed in the early 4th century.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In 410, Rome was ravaged by the Christian Visigoths under Alarik.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Although the destruction was not total, the significance of this event was great in the eyes of contemporaries.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In general, in this context, there has been talk of a period of internationals.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

However, the numbers of people displaced must have been small, at most some tens of thousands of people at a time.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Germanic tribes established several kingdoms in Roman territory with populations almost entirely Roman.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Germans themselves possessed many of the customs of the Romans and took advantage of, for example, the Roman apparatus of local government.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[24] The Empire succumbed in the western part of the empire in 476 as the Ostrogoths conquered the city of Rome and deposed the last emperor Romulus Augustulus.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Roman Senate continued assemblies apparently well into the 5th century.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

East Rome, for which today the name Byzantium is used, retained its grandiose status for many centuries.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

It lost its independence for good only in 1453, though over the course of time it had been reduced almost to a city-state comprising Constantinople alone.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The reasons for the breakup of Rome The reasons for the breakup of the Roman Empire has been ample debate.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Edward Gibbon presented thirty explanations, including the pacifist worldview of Christians, which allegedly led to the decline of the Roman army, and the size of the empire.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[25] Already in antiquity, the Eastern Roman non-Christian Zosimos blamed Constantine and Christians, among others.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[26] On the other hand, the destruction of Rome in the 4th century caused by a huge blow to Rome, especially in the eyes of contemporaries, took place by the Christian Visigoths.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

According to General Vegetius, the Roman army was weakened by corruption and foolishness of discipline.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[27] On the other hand, mental poverty, racial mixing, decreased birth rates, international migrations, economic decay, deterioration of state structures and state desentralisation, lead in aqueducts and degeneration of aristocracy, climate change, have been suspected to be the cause, robbery farming and erosion, corruption and inefficient governance, plundering provinces, uneven income distribution, imbalances between rural and city, slavery, stagnation of technological progress, and many other things.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Current interpretations place the greatest emphasis on the economic difficulties of the empire, internal social changes, and pressure from external threats.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[25] Society Politics The Romans called their state a republic (libera res publica), but at no point in its history was democratic in the modern sense of the word.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Roman political system was conservative in nature, and there was generally quite reluctance to reform.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Throughout Roman history, the central political issue was land ownership and distribution of land.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In its earlier stages, Rome was king-dominated.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

From this moved to an oligarchy republic governed by a complex system of senate, civil servants and skew-grained people's assemblies.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Gradually, certain individuals possessed more and more power.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

From this emerged a practically monarchist, initially externally retaining the old republican forms under Augustus and his successors.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Administrative division As Rome expanded, the conquered territories were governed as provinces.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The first of these was Sicily, which was taken by Rome during the First Punic War.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The province was ruled in peacetime by a Roman official.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Over time, the number of provinces increased as Rome took over more territories, but also because bigger provinces were divided into smaller ones.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

When Augustus became the first emperor of Rome, he reorganized the provinces.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Provinces with Roman troops Augustus ruled himself, other provinces he left the Senate to govern in the old way.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

For his own provinces, Augustus appointed legates who ruled them in the name of Augustus.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[28] The administration of the provinces remained almost the same from the time of the Principath until the crisis of the 200th century.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

It was not until the time of Diocletian that the administration of the provinces was significantly reformed.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

At first he divided the kingdom into a hundred smaller provinces, whose governors, who had previously been able to command troops in their territories, were henceforth only allowed to conduct civil administration.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The kingdom was divided into twelve dioceses (Greek.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

dioikesis), whose leader became vicarius.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[29] Roman law Roman law received its first written form in 450 BCE.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

in the laws of the twelve tables (leges duodecim tabularum).


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The idea of judging all citizens under the same law limited the power of the superior.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

On this basis developed Roman law, which continued to evolve as the centuries passed.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

It was eventually codified at the initiative of Emperor Justinian in the Corpus iuris civilis law collection published in 529—534.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[30] [31] Economic Escalation Roman economic policy can be said to have been based on a lack of plans.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

At a time when monetary matters were seen as inappropriate tinkering for the finer crowd, too much attention was often not paid to the adequacy of money.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Many necessary reforms were blocked by the conservatism of society, and the economy repeatedly reached crisis.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The foundation stone of the Roman economic system was agriculture.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The productivity of the country was low, and there was little technological progress.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

As Rome expanded, the spoils of war became a major source of income.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Conquered peoples also began to be taxed.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

As it grew up, Rome began to absorb commodities from an increasingly expansive region.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Views on the importance of slaves to the economy vary.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In the Imperial era, excess money was still preferably invested in the country.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Small-scale industries emerged, but it did not account for a significant part of production.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Trading was reasonably brisk, if not empowering.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The crisis of the 2000s was also accompanied by serious economic problems, including inflation and dwindling government revenues.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In Late Antiquity, many features of the coming Middle Ages began to appear in the economy, for example, the shift from monetary economy towards a natural economy as well as serfdom.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Architecture Roman architecture was the most developed of its time and played an important part in creating and maintaining the power of the Empire.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

It was also very durable, with many Roman buildings or structures over 2000 years old still standing.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Roman architecture is known for such things as a huge and high-quality road network, plumbing, large gladiatorial arenas such as the Colosseum, dome roofs and underfloor steam baths.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Romans also built temples such as the Pantheon, the Arches of Triomphe, bridges leading over major rivers, tunnels quarried into rocks, mines and racetracks.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[32] Population According to contemporary estimates, the population of the Roman Empire was at the beginning of the Imperial period (14 share.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

just over 45 million, 20 million of whom lived in the eastern parts of the empire and 25 million in the west.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The population density would thus have been 13.6 inhabitants per square kilometre, which is low compared to modern times.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In the east, the population density was almost double that of the west.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Slaves accounted for about 15% of the population, or about 7 million people.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

About as much as one-sixth of the kingdom's population lived from the city, an unusually high figure for pre-modern times.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

About 750,000 people lived in the city of Rome, which was about a tenth of the total Italian population.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Most of the towns were much smaller (about 10—15000 inhabitants).


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The GDP per person was about 380 sestertius.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[33] In 164, the population of the kingdom was at its highest.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

At that time, 60 million persons lived in the Roman Empire.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The same population in the Mediterranean area was not reached again until the 16th century.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The largest increase in population occurred in the western provinces, which reached the same population density when more frequently populated Italy.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In the east, the population remained virtually unchanged.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[34] Population growth folded in the 200th century, when many disease epidemics afflicted the population.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

By entering the 3rd century, the population was perhaps around 30 million.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[35] Culture Roman culture took rich influences from Greek culture (practically Hellenistic) as well as from the early cultures of Italy, especially from the Etruscans.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The original language of the Roman city-state was Latin, and as Rome expanded, Latin gradually supplanted the local languages in the western parts of the empire.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In eastern parts and Africa, local languages better held their ground.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Latin was also the principal administrative language, but the position of Greek was steadily strengthened.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In Byzantium, Greek eventually supplanted Latin almost completely.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Roman mythology was Greek-influenced.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Romans' power religion changed over the course of history from animist natural religion to polytheistic Greek-influenced state religion and further through various oriental mystery cult influences on Christianity.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In the field of philosophy, the Epicurean, Stoic and Neo-Platonist schools were the most important.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Greek influences were most evident in art.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The art of painting and sculpting imitated the mournful Greek style.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In literature, the paragons managed to break away to some extent.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Rome produced many writers formed as classics, including Vergilius, Cicero, Ovidius, Horatius and Juvenalis.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Roman natural science never reached the level of its Greek paragons.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Natural sciences developed mainly into practical fields such as medicine, engineering and architecture.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The family was the foundation of Roman society.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The upbringing of children emphasized a sense of duty and respect for customs inherited from ancestors.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The society was patriarchal.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Slavery was common, but the status of slaves varied widely.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The army of Roman rule the most visible sign in the provinces was often its army.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

It was the implementer of Roman policy, but also the creator of politics and empress-maker.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

It served as an important pathway of social ascent and a tool of romanization.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Rome was by its very nature a very military state.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The army gradually evolved into the most powerful military power in the Mediterranean, with the transition from assembled troops to a professional army under the reforms of Gaius Marius around 100 BCE.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Eventually the Legion emerged, a well-organized unit of about 5,000 men.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[36] Initially, only citizens served in the army, but in the Imperial era, so-called barbarians began to be admitted to the army.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The Roman army also used many warplanes, for example catapults and siege towers.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The navy which later developed into prominence in Rome came into being in the context of the Punic Wars, when the previously almost sailing-less Romans discovered a shipwrecked Carthaginian ship and copied it millintarily.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[37] Roman heritage Roman culture left a deep mark on history, and the Roman heritage still marks the world in many ways.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[38] Roman culture descended into oblivion for centuries after the destruction of Western Rome until it became interested again in 15th-century Italy, where the Renaissance was born.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[39] Modern times have been influenced by the political philosophies and literature of Rome, Roman engineering and architecture with its columns, domes, baths and sewers, as well as Roman inventions such as ice cream and the codex that preceded the book.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[40] The Roman Empire had a great and lasting influence on the linguistic conditions of Europe.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Latin spread throughout the Roman Empire, with Romance languages such as Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Also, many other languages such as English have borrowed plenty of vocabulary from Latin.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Latin remains a world language in some fields such as law and medicine.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[41] Latin was also the language of the Church until the 20th century.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

In 800, three hundred years after the so-called barbarians had brought Western Rome to its knees, the Pope crowned Charles the Great as emperor.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Charlemagne thus established his secular rule on Roman heritage.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Since Charles, countless pundits, both statesmen and others, have directed their eyes towards antiquity and imitated Rome in the most diverse ways.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Both the German and Russian emperors considered themselves successors to the Roman emperors, and until 1806 the official name of Germany was the Holy German-Roman Empire.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Well-known admirers of Rome have been such as Napoleon I, Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler [42].


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The importance of ancient Rome to European culture and the afterworld in general has been assessed at different times in different ways.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The rise of art, erudition and classical ideas has most often been seen as a positive asset.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[43] On the other hand, through Rome, contemporary culture has been inherited, as S. Humpreys has put it, Greek intellectual imperialism, Roman territorial imperialism and Jewish monotheistic intolerance.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

[44] Countless films, television series, books and computer games show that legacy is also making a difference now and will continue to do so.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

How, it depends on those under the influence.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Edwin Linkomies wrote in the 1940s: Sources from Rome The modern world's knowledge of Rome is based on numerous different sources.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

For a long time in the study of history, the literature preserved through the medieval reproduction tradition was used as a source.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Naturally, historiography was considered the main source.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Letter collections, for example, were also considered valuable, “authentic” sources.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

On the other hand, most literature was written by elites and depicted things from their point of view.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The interpretation of literary sources is not without problems, whether it is so-called narrative sources (historiography) or fiction.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The very fact that only a fraction of the literature of the time has survived into our times raises the question of the evidential power of preserved literature.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The preservation of the works has been influenced not only by coincidence, but also by views (grudge) of the aesthetic or moral value of literature that prevailed in different eras.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The source material used by modern research is considerably more extensive.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

This is partly due to the enlargement of the issue layouts.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Interest in the history of lower social groups, women, children, social groups, etc., has made, for example, drawing writings a key source material.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

For example, epitaph inscriptions on gravestones can tell not only about age structure, but also, for example, family relationships and emotional life.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Archaeological excavations are constantly bringing new plotwriting material to light.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

We also get a wealth of information from papyri, money and legal texts preserved in our time.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Of extreme importance is also the non-textual archaeological finds, for which the city of Pompeii is famous, but not the only example.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

On many things, human and animal remains, pottery and other remnants of everyday consumer goods, etc., provide information much more than written sources.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

The nascent image of Rome should therefore be treated with healthy criticality.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

For its part, archaeological research is able to balance the situation and bring benchmarks for tendencies contained in written sources.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Building a meaningful overall picture requires equitable and source-critical use of both literary and archaeological sources.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

What matters, though — as with all historical studies — is what kinds of questions are placed on the preserved, albeit fragmentary, source material.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Castrén, SpongeBob & Pietti-Castrén, Leena| title = Ancient Handbook | location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-1-12387-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Christensen, Else & Else L, Jakob & Mosbech, Hakon| title = Rome — ancient superpower| publisher = Bonnier| year = 2011| id = ISBN 978-82-535-3200-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Zetterberg, Seppo (ed.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

) | title = Little Giant| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2002| version = 8th edition| id = ISBN 951-0-15101-7}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Carcopino, Jérôme| title = Such was the life of emperors in Rome| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1995| version = (La vie quotidienne à Rome à l'apogée de l'empire, 1939.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Translated by Marja Itkonen-Kaila| id = ISBN 951-0-19874-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Castrén, Paavo & Pietilä-Castrén, Leena| title = Ancient Handbook | location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-12387-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Goldsworthy, Adrian| title = Destruction of the Roman Empire| location = Helsing| publisher = Thought | year = 2009| version=( The fall of the west: The death of the Roman superpower, 2006.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Translated by Simo Liikanen| id = ISBN 978-951-20-7968-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Harris, Nathaniel| title = Ancient Rome| location = Jyväskylä Helsinki| publisher = Gummerus| year = 2001| version = (History of ancient Rome, 2000.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

English translation: Veikko Ahola| id = ISBN 951-20-6709-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Henrikson, Alf| title = Ancient stories| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1993 (12th edition 2004) | version = (Antikens historier, 1959.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Finnish translation: Maija Westerlund.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

3rd augmented edition (1st edition 1963) | id = ISBN 951-0-18515-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Holland, Tom| title = Rubikon: The splendor and decadence of the Roman Republic| location = Hämeenlinna| publisher = Karisto| year = 2006| version = (Rubicon: The triumph and tragedy of the Roman republic, 2003.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Translated by Pekka Tuomisto| id = ISBN 951-23-4792-X}} Maija-Leena Kallela, Juhani Sarsila, Erkki Palmén: They made Rome/Makers of Rome/Auctores Romae Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kivimäki, Arto & Tuomisto, Pekka| title = Roman Emperors | location = Hämäki Castle Meen| publisher = Karisto| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-23-4094-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lilius, Henrik et al.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

(ed.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

) | title = Ancient cultural history| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1981| id = ISBN 951-0-08638-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Blackcliff, Catherine | title = Religion and community in ancient Rome| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamusher | year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-952-495-061-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Matyszak, Philip| title = Emperors Rome on five denarii a day | location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 2008| version = (Ancient Rome on five denarii a day, 2007).


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Translated by Pekka Tuomisto| id = ISBN 978-951-122-447-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Matyszak, Philip & Berry, Joanne| title = Roman life stories | location = Hämeenlinna| publisher = Karisto| year = 2009| version = (Lives of the Romans, 2008).


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Translated by Pekka Tuomisto| id = ISBN 978-951-23-5119-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Saastamoinen, Ari| title = Africa's Brilliant Cities: Life in Roman North Africa| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-495-124-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tiihonen, Tapio| title = Chaos and Destruction of Rome| location = Espoo| publisher = Fenix| year = 2006-2009| version = Parts 1-4| id = ISBN 978-951-862-180-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Testimonial, Pekkaisto | title = Roman Consuls| location = Hämeenlinna| publisher = Karisto| year = 2002| id = ISBN 951-23-4363-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tuomisto, Pekka| title = Roman| location = Hämeenlinna| publisher = Karisto| year = 2001| id = ISBN 951-23-4212-X}}, replace with {{ cite book| author = Tuomisto, Pekka| title = Roman dictators| location = Hämeenlinna| publisher = Karisto| year = 2003| id = ISBN 951-23-4442-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Zetterberg, Seppo (ed.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

) | title = Little Giant of World History | publisher = WSOY| year = 2002| version = 8 p| id = ISBN 951-0-15101-7}} Ancient literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Livius, Titus| title = Roman birth| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1994 (3rd edition 1999) | version = (Ab urbe condita.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Marja Itkonen-Kaila| id = ISBN 951-0-19615-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pliny Caecilius Secundus, Gaius, young| title = Pliny the Younger's letters from Trajanus| location = Helsinki| publisher = Finnish Literature Society | year = 2005| version = Translated and edited by Tuulikki Elo and Heikki Laakkonen.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Photos: Olavi Rantala.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Maps: Venla Laakkonen, Salla Jokela.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Editorials of the Finnish Literary Society 1023| id = ISBN 951-746-656-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Suetonius Tranquillus, Gaius| title = Biographies of Roman emperors | location = Porvoo| publisher = WSOY| year = 1999| version = (De vita caesarum.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Translated by J. A. Hollo.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Introduction by Edwin Linkomman.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

2nd edition (1st edition 1960 Ancient Classics series) | id = ISBN 951-0-23522-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tacitus, Publius Cornelius| title = History of Imperial Rome | location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1990 (5th edition 2004) | version = ( Annales.)


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Iiro Kajanto, translated by Iiro Kajanto, with an introduction and explanatory index.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Quality Books (1st edition in 1969 Ancient Classics series) | id = ISBN 951-0-16172-1}} On the topic elsewhere — TV channel's question column from Rome — YLE Radio 1 radio programme series, which also covers many Rome related topics Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Why did the Roman Empire succumb?

Roman Empire

— a large number of source texts and literature * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The history of the Finnish Air Force deals with the organization of the Finnish Air Force, equipment procurement and training and combat activities since the foundation of the Defence Branch in 1918.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Civil War White aircraft operations of the Finnish government, or the troops of the Republic of Finland, originated with aircraft left behind from the Swedish and Russian.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The forces of the Republic formed in January 1918 did not have any aircraft or pilots and in this case the military command asked Sweden for help.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

However, it did not provide assistance as a state and Swedish flight officers on active service were also banned from going to Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first plane, N.A.B.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Albatros was purchased with donation funds from the Swedes on February 20, 1918.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Six more Swedish aircraft were obtained during the war, the first Morane-Saulnier Parasol donated by Eric von Rosen on 6 March, which formed the anniversary of the Finnish Air Force.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The intention was to use aircraft as support for whites, but they were not suitable for the conditions of the Civil War.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

There were no Finnish instructors; the pilots and mechanics of the machines came from Sweden.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Lt. Bertel Mårtenson had received pilot training in Germany, but he remained in Germany for the duration of the civil war, among other things, to buy aircraft for Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

There were 29 Swedes in the Finnish Air Force during the Civil War: 16 instructors (4 trained as military pilots, of which 1 was a lookout), 2 lookouts and 11 mechanics 28 Finns: 4 instructors (Väinö Mikkola and Bertel Mårtensson trained as military pilots), 6 lookouts (as lookouts) trained by Arvi Pajunen), 2 engineers and 16 mechanics 7 Russians: 6 instructors, 1 lookout 2 Danes: 1 pilot, 1 lookout Air force operations were patchy reconnaissance until the German armed forces brought their own aircraft, but their use too was in terms of the course of the war irrelevant.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first airport in independent Finland was located in Kolho on the shore of the sawmill.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

A shed was built there to house three aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first aircraft was brought to Kolho by rail on 7 March 1918.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Ten days later, a plane took off at Kolho for the first time from the ice in Kaijanselä into the air.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1918, the Finnish Air Force received nine Stetin M-9 aircraft left behind by the Russians.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first war flight was conducted in the direction of Lyly, where flight endoscopy was used to obtain data on the movements of the reds.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

As the fighting moved towards Tamperetta, the airport moved first to Orivede and then to Tampere Kaukajärvi.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The importance of the airgun in the Civil War was nonexistent.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Sure, the Germans had “plenty” of aircraft at their disposal, which were also used for combat flights in Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

From 10 March 1918, the Finnish Air Force was commanded by Swedish Lieutenant John-Allan Hygerth, who was dismissed on 18 April 1918 on the grounds of unsuitability to hold his post and numerous plane crashes.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The next commander was German Captain Carl Seber.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

He served as commander from 28 April 1918 to 13 December 1918.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the end of the war, the Air Force had 40 planes, including 20 war spoils (a figure higher than the number of machines of the Reds because the planes were found in Åland, among other places), five flown by Russian white-joined pilots from Soviet Russia, four donated by Swedes and eight Bought in Germany.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[1] [2] [3] Red Air Operations for the use of Finnish Reds who had risen to the anti-government insurgency had left twelve aircraft from former Russian military airports, most of them Stetin M-9 flying boats.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Reds established three air detachments, including the Northern Front subordinate to Tampere, Kouvola under the Central Front, and Vyborg, subordinate to the Eastern Front.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition to these, a flight school was established in March 1918 at Hermann Airport in Helsinki.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[4] Air operations began on 24 February 1918 when five Nieuport aircraft were sent from Vyborg to Riihimäki, where they arrived the next day.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Two planes were still sent to Tampere and three to Kouvola.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The planes sent to Tampere were Nieuport branded (one Nieuport 10 reconnaissance aircraft and another Nieuport 17 fighter aircraft).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Four Russian flight officers and six mechanics also arrived in Tampere.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

An aeroplane took off from Tampere for the first time on 1 March 1918 from Naistenbay.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[4] In addition to these machines, the Red Eastern Front Flight Section initially had two more aircraft at its disposal.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The second of them was destroyed by white cannon fire in April.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the rest of the machines, some fell into the possession of the Whites either already during the war or later after the end of the war.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Some of the planes were destroyed.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air operations encompassed reconnaissance, bombardment, flyer dissemination, and artillery fire lookout, but operations were ineffective on all fronts except occasional reconnaissance operations.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This was due to poor management, poor condition of machinery, poor machine maintenance, and indifference of Russian pilots.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[4] Inter-World Wars The first years of independence The first air bases of the Finnish Air Force were water aircraft bases left behind by the Russian Navy.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the civil war, the Germans had also operated water planes from Helsinki, Loviisa, Koivisto and Suursaari, among others.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The fleet was thus water-intensive and due to the scarcity of appropriations, water machinery emphasis also became evident in the development of the 1920s and in the purchases of equipment.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

As throughout the world after World War I, the Air Force was an overcrowded weapon species.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Arms appropriations were hardly invested in the Air Force because the decision-makers were from land and naval forces.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the time, the Finnish Air Force had an average of two pieces and ten different types of machinery.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

While German Carl Seber commanded the Air Force (28 April 1918 — 13 December 1918) four Friedrichschafen water reconnaissance aircraft and one Rumpler water fighter were acquired from Tallinn by German revolutionary matruuses from Tallinn.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Germany's defeat in World War I led to German advisers having to leave in late 1918.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After Seber, the commander of the Air Force became Lieutenant Colonel T.F.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Aminoff (13 December 1918 — 10 January 1919) and after him Lieutenant Colonel Sixtus Hjellmman, during which time the Air Force received its first fleet appropriations.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Chief of Staff, Jaeger Captain Bertel Mårtensson, had time to buy three Fokker D.VII fighter jets and two Albratros reconnaissance aircraft from Germany before the procurement powers were withdrawn from him.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The reason for the cancellation was French advisers coming to Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In April 1919, the French drew up a plan to equip the Finnish Air Force with French-wheeled machines.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

A compromise was reached in the case and 20 Breguet XIV ground reconnaissance aircraft and 12 Georges-Levy flying boats were purchased from France from France.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the latter, nine were destroyed within a short period of time and one was not flown at all.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1920, two Savoia S.9 flying boats were acquired in Italy with partial donation funds, which were destroyed in the Alps on 7 September 1920 during a transfer flight to Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1919, the Finnish Air Force supported the Soviet-Karelian expeditions with bombardment flights.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Aircraft of the English Navy conducted bombardment flights from the Finnish Air Force's Koivisto base at the same time.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

There were apparently no counter-strikes or fighter interceptions, a sign of the decadence of the Soviet-Russian air-gun.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Unrealized development plans of the 1920s 1917—1922 Soviet-Russian airgun decayed, but by the early 1920s it began to be developed, and it soon had 400 aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This was the only potential enemy for the Finnish Air Force.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Other types of weapons may have considered the Swedish threat, especially because of the Åland Issue, but the Finnish Air Force was very Swedish-speaking and pro-Swedish at the time.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Due to the decadence of the Soviet-Russian air-gun, the motley aircraft fleet of the Finnish Air Force of the 1920s was not a significant weakness militarily.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The commanders of the Finnish Air Force were, as a rule, former artillery officers and generally had not received flight training.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This led to an interest in bombers (the influence of Douhetism in Finland) in fleet selection, which was also a universal trend from the early 1920s to the early 1930s.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Development of new machines was slow throughout the world until the latter part of the 1920s.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At this time, among other things, the Soviet Union began to intensively develop the equipment of its air forces.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Some of the Finnish Air Force aircraft were designed in Finland since the early 1920s, some were purchased ready abroad and some were manufactured under license in Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Machinery was sourced from where they were obtained with the funds that were available.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During Major Arne Somersalo's term (26 October 1920 — 2 February 1926), the Air Force underwent several development programs of up to 10 years which were unable to be implemented due to lack of appropriations.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland already had experience in aircraft repair, assembly and small-scale construction activities (including floats of seaplanes in an aviation yard).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

On this basis, towards the end of 1920, planning for an aircraft factory began.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The point was to get equipment for the Air Force and save money, especially foreign currency.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The license for the Hansa-Brandenburg W.33 machine was acquired in 1921 and the aeroplane factory started operations in Suomenlinna the same year.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It built six Caudron G.3 school aircraft and 118 Hansa seaplanes for the Air Force between 1922 and 1926.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[5] Somersalo invited one of the leading surviving fighter aces of World War I, Emil Thuy, as his advisor and fighter pilot trainer to Santahamina, as well as Utt.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the end of 1924, Thuy left for the Soviet Union to train future Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht)'s pilots.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[6] In 1924, 18 Gourdou-Leseurre GL-21 fighters and three Caudron C.59 and 30 Caudron C.60 training aircraft were acquired for the Air Force as a follow-up to the test aircraft purchased in France the previous year, of which the latter were additionally made under licence 34.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the same time, two prototypes of domestic fighter aircraft, the C.24 and C.25, were built by the aircraft factory, which however, due to a poor engine, did not end up in serial production [7] but rather the Air Force was procured Martinsyde F.4 Buzzard stock to replace the ageing Gourdou-Lesseure fleet in 1927.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1924, British advisers were invited to Finland, who were instructed to take into account Finland's financial carrying capacity when making plans.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The British did, however, do a short-term programme based on one land and three sea bases.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The British themselves were moving to land planes, but they realised that Finland could not afford it yet.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This plan intended to be temporary was misunderstood as a longer period program and became influential in the development of the Finnish Air Force until the early 1930s.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The British plans did not please Somersalo, who resigned.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Between 1926 and 1927, three prototypes of the domestic IVL Falcon fighter aircraft were built by the aircraft factory, but in 1928 it was decided to acquire the licence of the British Gloster Gamecock II.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition to the test aircraft (GL-38) and model aircraft (GL-43) supplied by Gloster, the aircraft factory manufactured 15 serial aircraft between 1929 and 1930.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[8] It was decided to acquire 1925 Koolhooven FK.31 aircraft to replace the Breguet reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Two model aircraft arrived in Finland in 1926 and the aircraft factory built four licence aircraft 1929—1930.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Following the delay of the Koolhovens, it was decided to replace the Breguet fleet to acquire eight Czech Aero A-11s as a temporary solution in 1927 and 16 Aero A-32 aircraft in 1929—1930 as a follow-up to that acquisition.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Dutch were unfit and those built domestically even worse.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The planes were removed from the books in 1932 after flying only a few hours.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[9] The next Air Force Development Programme was made during Colonel Väinö Vuorki's term as commander (3 December 1926 — 8 September 1932) in 1928, but even that was not formally confirmed as previous programmes.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Nevertheless, it was decided to replace the Hansa marine operations machinery with the Blackburn Ripon machine, for which a 1928 model machine and manufacturing licence were acquired.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In turn, late delivery of Ripon led to the development of the E.30 Kotka marine co-operation aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Ripons were produced between 1930 and 1934 in 25 three sets [10] and the Eagle was made in addition to the prototype a series of five machines in 1931.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[11] To replace the Caudron school aircraft, a licence for the de Havilland D.H.60 Moth machine was acquired in 1928.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[12] Eventually, the aircraft factory built 21 Moth between 1929 and 1930 and, in addition to the prototype, 32 Sääs between 1930 and 1932.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[13] The gap between the Air Force and the General Staff became inflamed and so the General Staff drew up a programme of 17 squadrons and 221 aircraft in 1931, which was finally confirmed the following year by the Defence Council led by Mannerheim.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[14] The Air Force Base and Squadron System reformed a few times before World War II when its emphasis began to shift to fighter aircraft and the bases moved closer to the eastern border.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

1930s: 12 Squadron Plan The Air Force received from 1931 to 1933 only less than one-third of the funds required for its emergency program.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Colonel Jarl Fritiöf Lundqvist, commander of the Air Force from 8 September 1932 — 1 July 1945, made a limited programme of 12 squadrons to the Defence Council in May 1933, which would be implemented by 1938.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The intention was not to abandon the 17 Squadron program but to postpone the establishment of five squadrons until later.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[15] In 1933, the Air Force had only seven squadrons, one of which was a fighter squadron, three were land and three were marine joint action squadrons.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the five new squadrons to be established, one was a fighter squadron and three were long-distance action squadrons.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1934, the number of destroyer squadrons was increased to three.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[16] Air Squadron 24 based at Ut had Gloster Gamecock fighters and in 1934 it was decided to acquire 17 Bristol Bulldogs for the new Air Squadron 26.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Before the Winter War Finland, like many other countries, was interested in fast bombers, which were believed to dominate future warfare, destroyers were not believed to have much importance (douhetism).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland, too, became interested in acquiring a fast bomber for its long-distance action squadrons.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After many phases, in October 1936, 18 Bristol Blenheim aircraft were ordered for Air Squadron 44 and in 1938 a licence to manufacture the machine was acquired.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In May 1936, four Fokker C.X crash bombers were acquired and a manufacturing license; 30 C.Xs were built by the aircraft factory in 1938 and five of the spare parts in 1942.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In November 1936, seven Fokker D.XXI fighters were acquired and a manufacturing license; 35 serial aircraft were built by the aircraft factory between 1938 and 1939 and 55 aircraft during the Intermediate Peace and Continuation War, mostly as reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Because of this, the modern English bomber Bristol Blenheim was in use by the Finnish Air Force at the start of the Winter War.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Bombers could be used to carry out bombing raids in support of ground force operations, but in the Winter War, the use of an air-gun against ground forces was not a factor greatly influencing the ground war.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Right at the end of the war, scramble against advancing enemy infantry was carried out by both fighter and bombardiers.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Until the very beginning of the war, a time of biplanes, open-cockpits, skis and fixed landing gear lived in destroyers.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In the Winter War, the fighter became the most important air weapon in Finland for good.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland skipped fighter jets in the months before the war, competing with Sweden, among others, for the American Seversky P-35 fighters, which Sweden had time to buy first.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish ambassador to the United States, Hjalmar Procope, allegedly negotiated both the purchase of machinery and a large loan from the United States in early 1939 and this equipment project fell in Finland to opposition from the left in government or parliament.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Although, the Seversky P-35 was found to be as unsuccessful in combat use as many other military aircraft designs designed in the early 1930s.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Thirty Curtiss-Wright CW-21s had also been negotiated in the United States in 1938.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The best equipment from the countries producing high-performance fighter jets (England, Germany) was not sold at all to neutral countries.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Germany was prepared to sell 50 Heinkel He 112 fighter jets to Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The plane had lost a shield from the Luftwaffe's main fighter role.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

E.Magnusson tested the He 112 aircraft in Rostock in 1938, the plane was exhibited at the opening ceremony of Malmi Airport, the 1938 aviation exhibition in Helsinki and was trialled at Ut.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air Force commander Lundqvist wasn't ready for the deal.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Among other things, the Romanian experience of the He 112 plane was stunningly bad.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the Winter War, arms support from foreign countries, which received great publicity, consisted mainly of live machines of their time.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

England plugged its donations to machines sold at inflated prices, for example 10 donated Gloster Gladiators connected to 20 purchased, ordered on 12 December 1939.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Donations England commanded their colony South Africa to deliver to Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The planes arrived in Finland from 18 January — 14 February 1940.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the Gladiators, 12 were destroyed in the air battles of February 1940 alone (plus one in an accident).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force's best fighter aircraft in the Winter War was the Fokker D.XXI.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was originally designed for Dutch colonial troops in Indonesia — therefore it had a fixed landing gear that lowered the plane's speed.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Fokkers' fighting capability was further worsened by the decision to install the 840 horsepower Bristol Mercury VIII engines technically compatible with Blenheimie engines on licence-produced machines in Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The machines manufactured by VL were also heavier than the original Dutch Fokkers.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Ski iconedoctrine was advantageous for Finland in the winter war because it was easier to make work fields for ski machines than for bike machines.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Fiat G.50 was the Finns' only modern machine.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was ordered on 23 October 1939 and Italy promised to deliver the machine by 15 November 1939.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Two planes made it through Germany to Sweden and from there to Finland before Germany blocked the export of machinery through it.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Italy retrieved the planes from Germany and sent them along the sea road to Sweden, from where the planes arrived in Finland towards the end of the Winter War.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Trainers sent by Italy also took part in war flights.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The plane was not designed for Arctic conditions and initially performed poorly in Finland's cold winter.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force had sufficient gasoline and bombs, but the “model Cajander” was in service until additional refresher exercises.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Instructors flew in peacetime only about 3—4 hours a month specifically to save costs.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The problem with cartridges was the diversity of aircraft machine gun types — different machines did not have the same cartridges used for guns of the same caliber.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Prior to the start of the Winter War, military pilots were also trained.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[17] Aircraft Winter War The Winter War began on 30 November 1939 with the Soviet Air Force bombing 21 localities in Finland.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force had been placed on interceptor readiness on 7 October 1939.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The reservists arrived for additional refresher exercises on 14 October 1939.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the estimated 5000 aircraft of the Soviet airgun, about 700 fighters and about 800 medium-heavy bombers came to the Finnish front.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

They operate as fronts subordinated to the needs of the ground forces.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Bombing attacks on industrial towns and railway junction stations in Finland were not effective.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The combat strength of the Finnish Air Force at the beginning of the war was 17 bombers and 31 fighters.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[18] There were as many as 54 reconnaissance aircraft, although 20 of them were rather liaison planes.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

An Air Defence Headquarters had been established at the Air Force HQ, leading both anti-aircraft (it artillery) and air operations.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Force operated with a force of four air regiments.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish warfare command knew how Germany had destroyed most of the Polish air force to airfields.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Therefore, Finnish machines were distributed to many fields and fields hidden in forests.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At several bases, the planes had shrapnel shields.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Dummy paints were also built.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Russian attacks on airports weren't effective either.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air operations accounted for over 80% of the 105 days of the Winter War, as wintry weather was predominantly good flying weather.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The oil lubrication of the Fokker machine guns was switched to graphite when the war began, because when oil-lubricated, the machine gun jammed.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Also, Fiatie's castor oil lubrication was switched to engine oil due to the cold.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After the end of the Winter War on 15 March 1940, the Air Force (incl.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

fleet of Swedish volunteers) had 297 aircraft of which 225 were in operational condition.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[19] Air Force flying units lost 32 officers dead or missing and 11 wounded, 31 sub-officer dead and nine wounded.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Nine foreigners died; they were Danish, Swedish, Hungarian and Italian.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In total, 72 were killed in flight operations and 22 wounded.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In air raids carried out by the Russians on fields, three were killed and four Finns wounded.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Sixty-two aircraft were lost and 35 were damaged.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Forty-seven of the lost planes had been destroyed by the enemy (fighters shot down 35, anti-aircraft 8).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[20] Air Force aircraft in the Winter War Bombers were two types in the Winter War Fighter aircraft consisted of the following types School, reconnaissance, liaison aircraft and other non-combat aircraft describe the Finnish Air Force's attempt to overhaul planes from where to get.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The intention was to compensate for the ever-decreasing number of aircraft in the war, but ended up with significant maintenance problems due to, among other things, lack of spare parts and plane crashes as pilots flew to visit aircraft types.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the war spoils of the Winter War, only some of the war spoils of the Winter War were repaired to be airworthy by the spring of 1940.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Fighters were used to acclimatise their own pilots to enemy planes.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Most war booty fighters, because of their poor performance, didn't become like reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The bombers were used for bombing and maritime reconnaissance.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the intermediate peace, and especially during the Continuation War, the construction and refurbishment of war booty machines obtained in the Winter War, together with the spoils of war purchased from Germany, additional equipment suitable for operational use.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Dropped aircraft At the end of the Winter War, the Soviet Union had at its disposal on the Finnish front 950 bombers, 500 fighter aircraft, 120 reconnaissance aircraft, 100—200 maritime joint action aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[21] According to official Air Force drop statistics, 218 Russian aircraft are shot down by Air Force aircraft during the Winter War, seven of which were down-shot by Swedish volunteer Air Regiment 19.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the planes, 165 were bombers, 42 were fighters and 11 were light reconnaissance and jamming bombers.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[19] 11 bombers are missing from the machine-type distribution in the accompanying official statistic, which can be explained by the fact that the overall statistics have been corrected with post-confirmed drops.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition, anti-aircraft has reported shooting down 314 Russian planes.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

According to unofficial figures, the Finnish air force downed up to 280 Russian planes during the Winter War.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Troop detachments During the Winter War, and their deployments were: [20] Air Regiment 1, commanded by George Opas, LR1's HQ was at Imatra.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

LR1 included: Air Squadron 10, Lappeenranta, Puumala.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain K.W.Janarmo.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It had a fleet of 12 FK plunge bombing aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air Squadron 12, Isthmus, Suur-Merijärvi.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Major Arvo Nisonen.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its fleet included both plunge bombardment aircraft and fighter aircraft: It had 13 FK, during the war it received GL fighters.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Lentosquadron 14, Kannas, Laikko and Käkisalmi.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain Jaakko Moilanen.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It had crash-bombing aircraft and fighters: 4 FK, 7 FO aircraft and during the war it received GL Air Squadron 16, [22] Kuluntalahti, Värtsilä.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain Vilhelm Viherto.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It had joint action aircraft: 9 RI, FO, 5 JU, FK Air Regiment 2, with Lieutenant Colonel Richard Lorentz as its commander.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its headquarters were in the field of Immola.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

LR2 included: Air Squadron 22, Hollola.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Created at the end of the Winter War.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was equipped with destroyers received at the end of the war: BW, HC Lentolaivue 24, Immola, Lappeenranta, Suur-Merijoki, Joutseno, Lemi, Ristiina.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain G.E.Magnusson.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was equipped with the best flying weapon of the Winter War, 36 FR fighters Lentolaivue 26, Utti, Heinjoki, Raulampi.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain Erkki Heinilä.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was equipped with fighter aircraft obtained during the war: the GL, the FA, as well as the target towing aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It started the war with BU machines, nominally fighter jets, but obsolete.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air squadron 28, Säkylä airport, fighters: MS Air Regiment 4 Flight Regiment 42, Luonetjärvi, bombers: BL Lentolaivue 44, Luonetjärvi.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Commander Major Erik Stenbäck.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its fleet was bombers: 8 BL, DO Air Squadron 46, Luonetjärvi, Joroinen.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Commander Major Olavi Sarko.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The fleet included bombers: 6 BL F 19 *Air Regiment 19 (Flygflottilj 19), Kemi, Gloster Gladiator, Hawker Hart and Raab-Katzenstein RK-26 Tigerschwalbe Supplement Air Regiment 1 Training Squadron (Koul.Lv. /T-Lentor 1), Jämijärvi, Karvia and Parola, Joint Action Planes Replenishment Regiment 2 Air Squadron 29, Parola, fighters Replenishment Air Regiment 4 Training Squadron (Koul.Lv. /T-Lentor 4), Luonetjärvi, long-distance operating aircraft Naval Staff Air Squadron 36, Ruissalo, Pori.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Commanded by Captain Helmer Helenius.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Vuosaari, Mariehamn.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

As a fleet it had marine operations machinery: 6 RI.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Supplement Air Squadron 39, Pori, maritime intelligence aircraft Other Air War School, Kauhava Air Depot, Tampere Winter War Air War The Sunday of Destruction is the largest Russian aircraft bombing directed at Vyborg.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Other destinations were especially Tampere.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Due to poor air weather, the Winter War's air war did not get fully started until mid-December.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Anti-aircraft artillery operated on both sides effectively.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finnish artillery batteries had the sensitivity at the beginning of the war to fire on any airborne aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Among other things, Eino Luukkanen, who received the first Finnish aerial victory of the Winter War, was shot down for his own IT artillery.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Front bombardment was largely jamming bombardment of Russian light aircraft equipment, often during dark hours (“nerve saw”).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its impact on the ground war was minimal.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The main combat mission of the Finnish Air Force in the Winter War consisted of complicating the task of Russian bombers and downfiring their protective fighters with their own fleet of fighters.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland did not carry out any significant bomber attacks (compared to the Continuation War).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Reconnaissance flying was the Air Force's second largest anti in the war


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the end of the war, Finnish fighter aircraft, especially on Russian infantry soldiers advancing on the ice, made attacks to stop the enemy [19] [23] [24] Development of the air force fleet during the intermediate peace The air force's aircraft fleet increased despite moving older machine types to educational use or completely eliminating (=scrapping).


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Corps fleet also developed significantly qualitatively during the intermediate peace.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the outbreak of the Continuation War, the Finns had at their disposal a total of 307 aircraft distributed as follows (situation on 20 June 1941): [25] [26] 230 fighter aircraft, an increase of 97 aircraft compared to the situation before the end of the Winter War.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Destroyers by type: 70 pcs Fokker D.XXI fighters 42 pcs Brewster fighter 39 pcs Morane-Saulnier fighters (more bought from German spoils of war, the rest of the additional batch of 24 pieces yet to come) 32 pcs Fiat fighters 16 pcs Gloster Gladiator fighters 13 pcs I- 15 fighters, Winter War spoils (8 pieces of Type I-153 and 5 pieces of Type I-15 or I-15bis) 9 pcs Hawker Hurricane fighter 8 pcs Curtiss Hawk fighters (also German spoils of war, coming another 36 pcs) 1 pc I-16 fighter (Winter War spoils) 41 bombardment planes, with an increase over the situation at the time of the end of the Winter War by 9 machines.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Bombing aircraft by type: 27 pcs Bristol Blenheim bombing aircraft 8 pcs SB-2 bombardment aircraft (Winter War spoils) 5 pcs DB-3 bombing aircraft (Winter War spoils) 1 pc Douglas DC-2 bombardment aircraft 36 reconnaissance and joint action aircraft with a reduction in winter war 30 machines in relation to the situation prior to the termination.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Reconnaissance and joint operations aircraft by type: 23 Fokker C.X machines 11 pcs Westland Lysander aircraft 2 pcs Koolhoven F.K.52 machines 252 training or training aircraft.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Continuation War Finland was better equipped for the Winter War.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Force had 550 aircraft at its disposal at the start of the war.


Question: How many Finnish Air Force planes were destroyed in World War II?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force's activities were the acquisition of air supremacy at the beginning of the war and subsequent fighter interceptions.