Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The thorax is reasonably deep and wide.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The body is muscular and strong.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The back is straight, wide and strong.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The limbs are straight, strong and muscular.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The tail is half-arched over the back and attached high.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The movements of the dog should be smooth and effortless.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The height of the male at the withers is 55-59 cm (ideal 56 cm), the female is 53-57 cm (ideal 55 cm).


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[2] The coat of hair is medium in length, thick, dense, shiny and rough.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The hair is longer on the inner sides of the limbs and on the tail, where it forms a “plume”; in males, hairs longer than other areas form a “collar” around the neck.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[2] The hair is longer or bushier on average than, for example, the Siberian Husky, creating an easy impression of the Samoyedhound and Siberian Husky cache for a stranger who is better than the breed.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

All colors are allowed from two- and three-color to pure white.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

White with black marks is a very common coloring, and other white-mottled colorings are also common.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[2] History As early as 1635 Cossacks wrote about dogs living along the so-called “dog rivers”.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

In 1692, Dutch scientist Nicolaas Cornellisson Witsen described in his book “Northern and Eastern Tatar” the Yakaut tradition of using sled dogs in winter for movement.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

He immortalised that custom in drawings, as well as the “drag skiing” practiced by his Yakaut dogs.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

In 1730, Vitus Ionassen Bering used Yakutian strips of polar or arctic type on his expedition to Kamchatka.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

In the 19th century, the breed is known to have been used to carry mail.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

In 1850, Professor Ivan Yakovlevits Gorlov mentioned in the book “Overview of Economic Status, Statistics of the Russian Empire for 1849" how dogs processed by the Yakutes for locomotion and load pulling lived outdoors all year round - in the summers they burrowed into pits to chill and in winter, they pressed into rest in the snow pits.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[2] [3] The breed has been known during its history among others.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

under the names alazejanlaika (Alazeevskaya), anjuiskinlaika (Anyuiskaya), Arctic laika (Arcticheskaya), Chuvassianlaika (Chuvychanskaya), evenkianlaika (Evenskaya), kolyma-indigirkanlaika (Kolymo-Indigirskaya), otshotslaika Okhotskaya (Omsukchanskaya), Omolonskaya (Omsukchanskaya), polar time l napalaika (Polarnaya), Northeast Sled Dog (Severo-Vostochnaya), Susumaninlaika (Susmanskaya), Tunguskanlaika (Tungusskaya) and Upper Jananlaika (Verkhoyanskaya).


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[3] Yakaut world-wide Yakutia skinny is grown outside Russia, among others.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

France, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Ukraine and Finland.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

In addition, dogs can be found e.g.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

from the United States and Luxembourg.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The breed has been recognized for its large national kennel clubs in addition to the Russian Kennel Club, where it is so far included in the Foundation Stock Service races [4], the Brazilian Kennel Club [5], and the Estonian Kennel Club.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[6] History In Finland, litter was born in Finland already in the summer of 2014 in the Finnadian kennel.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

The Finnish Jakutianlaikayhdistys ry was founded in 2017.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[7] In February of the same year, the breed made its first appearance in Finnish harness racing.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[8] At a meeting on 24 October 2018, the Nordic Kennel Union decided that the Yakutian laika would become a Senan race.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

Thus it was also approved by the Finnish Kennel Association and will be allowed to participate in exhibitions, trials and tests in Finland from 1 January 2020.


Question: Which breed of dog is native to Finland?

Yakutianlaika

[9] Sources Category:SKL 5 Spitz and primitive dogs Category:Russian dog breeds Category:Shepherds Category:Spitz Dogs Category:Sled dogs


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The Finnish Työkäen Sports Association TUL ry (Lt.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

TUL,) [1] is a central association of workers' sports clubs based in Finland.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

It had a total of 886 member clubs in 2017 with a combined membership of 226000.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

[2] TUL currently focuses on youth sports, fitness and social activities development.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

TUL is a member of the International Federation of Labour and Amateur Confederacy.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

TUL cooperates with 15 of its community members, including the Finnish Confederation of Trade Unions.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

[2] TUL organises two international tournaments each year: the Geebee Tournament for Boxing and the Painicup in Vantaa.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Until 2012, the federation published eight times-yearly magazine TUL.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The TUL began its appearance in December 1927 when a new magazine was established by the union's social-democratic leadership.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The Workers' Sports Magazine, a previous voice supporter of the TUL, remained in the possession of the communists and continued to appear until July 1930 when it was disbanded.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

In 2012, TUL magazine changed to Tulafive online magazine.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

History Even before the foundation of TUL, the idea of a workers' sports union had first been put forward by Viktor Damm, founder of the Helsinki Effort in 1897, and the next time at the time of the great upheavals 1906—1907.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

However, the matter did not move beyond the idea.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The TUL was founded on January 26, 1919, in the aftermath of the Civil War.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The first president of the organization was Eino Pekkala.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Workers' sports clubs were part of the Finnish Gymnastics and Sports Federation before the 1918 Civil War, but the SVUL sacked clubs that had participated in the civil war on the losing side or if more than half of the club's members had been convicted of 'taking part in rebellion'.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

During the 1920s and 1930s between the world wars, TUL athletes were active in their own community, therefore, outside international sport, because SVUL sent Finnish representatives e.g.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

to the Olympics.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The only exception was made in 1920 by Hannes Kolehmainen, who, as a representative of Kisa-Veikkot in Helsinki, was able to participate in TUL competitions.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

TUL collaborated internationally with the Workers' Sports Federations of the Socialist Sports International (SUI) and the Soviet Union.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Among the major international events were the Workers' Olympic Games, which were held three times.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

In them, Finland represented by TUL was the number one country at the Games.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

As its own separate major event of workers' sports, it was the spartakiads organised by the Soviet-led Red Sports International (PUI) in Moscow in the summer of 1928.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Those involved in them were expelled from TUL.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The SUI denied any involvement from its member organizations and the TUL Social Democrats perceived the issue as too much sympathy for communism.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Athletes and sports clubs faced competition bans or expelled from TUL.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The Communists were ousted from the leadership seats of the TUL and these established the Workers' Sports Unity Committee (TYK) in December 1929.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Many of the separated clubs, of which there were more than 150, and TYK found themselves disbanded based on communist laws enacted in the early 1930s.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Nationally, the largest display venues and demonstrations of the organization's athletic power were the TUL Bundesrat festivities, the first of which took place in 1927 in Helsinki.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

For TUL's athlete peaks, defections to the ranks of SVULL provoked harsh debate in their time.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Moving to join SVULL gave the opportunity to participate in the Olympic Games.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Well-known athletes who had made the defection included


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

athletics Eino Purje, Volmari Iso-Hollo, Sulo Bärlund; boxer Gunnar Bärlund and wrestlers Väinö Kokkinen and Lauri Koskela.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

In total, athletes who defected achieved 23 Olympic medals.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

An agreement on the right of representation was first reached only under their own home Olympics in 1939.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The spirit of sportsmanship following the Winter War became best evident at the Games of Remembrance for the Fallen held in July 1940, in which representatives from both SVULL and TUL were involved.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

During the late 1950s, internal disputes within the Social Democrats also extended to the Sports Federation.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The dispersal actually started with TUL.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Already in 1955, TUL president Väinö Leskinen and his supporters marched out of the organisation's Helsinki district meeting.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The reason was the alliance of the left wing of the SDP with the Communists to form a majority.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The differences among the Social Democrats concerned particularly cooperation with the SVULL and other bourgeois circles.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The widowers were ready for closer cooperation aimed at e.g.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

the expansion of representation opportunities for workers' athletes and the establishment of a joint national sports federation.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Some of the TUL member clubs continued to cooperate with SVULL, ignoring the negative stance of the Skogian leadership, leading to the separation of those organisations from TUL.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

The Widowers founded the Association of Sports Support in 1955 as a collaborative body for the separated clubs.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

On this basis, 1959 the Confederation of Labour Sports Clubs (TUK) was founded.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

TUK continued to operate alongside TUL all the way into 1979, although the bulk of the TPSL founded by the Skogians returned to the SDP as early as the 1960s.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

[3] In the 1993 reform of the organisational structure of sport, the Finnish Reich Sports Association SVUL was dissolved and replaced by the established Suomen Exercise and Sports, TUL lost its central organisation status as well as national team level activities and its clubs joined sport federations.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

According to the posthumous assessment of Esko Ranno, who served as TUL Secretary-General between 1998 and 2009, giving top sport to sport federations and the Olympic Committee was not such a terrible loss now.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

[4] TUL's Kisacentralfoundation maintains the sports college Kisacentre in Raasepori, which has been operating since 1958.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

[5] Presidents Eino Pekkala 1919—1927 Väinö Mikkola 1927—1928 Toivo Wilppula 1928—1937 Urho Rinne 1937—1944 Olavi Suvanto 1945—1951 Väinö Leskinen 1951—1955 Penna Tervo 1955—1956 Pekka Martin 1956—1967 Olavi Saarinen 1967—1971 Osmo Kaipainen 1971—1977 Matti Ahde 1977—1995 Kalevi Olin 1995—2007 Sirpa Paatero 2007—2016 Kimmo Finland 2016— TUL Olympic medalists athletes representing TUL clubs have achieved a total of 18 Olympic medals; 3 gold, 6 silver and 9 bronze.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

[6] Gold Tapio Rautavaara (London 1948, javelin throw) Kelpo Gröndahl (Helsinki 1952, wrestling) Marjut Lukkarinen (Albertville 1992, cross country) Silver Kelpo Gröndahl (London 1948, wrestling) Reima Virtanen (Munich 1972, boxing) Tapio Sipilä (Los Angles 1984, wrestling) Marjut Lukkarinen (Albertville 1992, cross country) Ismo Falck (Barcelona 1992, archery team competition) Jani Sievinen (Atlanta 1996, swimming) Bronze Reino Kangasmäki (London 1948, wrestling) Paavo Aaltonen, Kaino Lempinen, Kalevi Viskari (Helsinki 1952, gymnastics team competition) Toivo Salonen (Cortina 1956, speed skating) Victory Hellstén (Melbourne 1956, athletics) Jorma Vakama (Melbourne 1956, athletics) Taisto Kangasniemi (Melbourne 1956, wrestling) Kalevi Suoniemi, Martti Mansikka (Melbourne 1956, gymnastics team competition) Hannu Rantakari (Tokyo 1964, gymnastics) Tapio Sipilä (Seoul 1988, wrestling) Finance See also Workers' Sports Association football team Sources About the rest of Seppo Hentilä: History of Finnish workers' sport I.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Workers' Athletic Association 1919—1944, Hämeenlinna 1982, 592s.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Seppo Hentilä: History of Finnish Workers' Sport II.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Workers' Athletic Association 1944—1959, Hämeenlinna 1984, 551s.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Seppo Hentilä: History of Finnish Workers' Sports III.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Workers' Athletic Association 1959—1979, Hämeenlinna 1987, 494s.


Question: When was the Labour Sports Federation founded?

Finnish Workers' Sports Federation

Category:Finnish Labour Sports Federation Category:Labour Movement


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The economy of Finland refers to the whole of Finland's national economy, the most significant part of which is private business.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland is an industrialised country that belongs to the European Economic Area and uses the euro as a single currency and follows the monetary policy of the European Central Bank.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland's gross domestic product is over EUR 200 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Gross domestic product per capita is about 40000 euros.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland's economy is open, meaning the country trades with foreign countries, and exports account for a significant part of GDP.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The Finnish economy is a mixed economy in which part of the commodity market operates according to the market economy, but public power is involved in a significant part of service production and supports the conditions for commodity production.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The Finnish state mainly owns railways and large industrial enterprises called state-owned companies.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The Finnish state also has alcohol retail trade (Alko) and betting and gambling monopolies (Veikkaus).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland is implementing what is called the Nordic model, the welfare state, where taxation is strained, but everyone receives public services financed by tax inexpensively or free of charge.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Only a portion of the public are net contributors to the system.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finnish policy is characterised by the support of the welfare state and the importance of keeping the whole country populated, which are taken into account in economic policy.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In Finland, municipalities are responsible for a significant part of service production.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland has strong labour market organisations with autonomous power to agree on wages and working conditions, but the state has been involved in a Finnish specialty of labour market negotiations: the tupo solution.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland has significant forest resources, which led to the development of the forest industry.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Metal, engineering and oil refining industries developed with the payment of war reparations and the Soviet bilateral trade.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In the early 1990s, Finland experienced a significant depression due to the collapse of the Soviet Union and failed monetary policy.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland recovered from the recession that brought down thousands of businesses and high unemployment, particularly driven by new growth sectors: information technology, mobile phones and telecommunications services contributed to Finland's economic growth.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland joined the European Union in 1995 and the euro in 2001.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

According to the list compiled by Talousselämä-magazine, in recent years, among the largest companies in Finland by turnover have repeatedly been oil refiner Neste, telecommunications technology company Nokia and forest companies Stora Enso and UPM-Kymmene.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The Helsinki Stock Exchange is the country's securities exchange.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The Finnish economy is a mixed economy, according to other researchers, a state-monopolistic capitalist economic system, which includes the principle that the government secures the operation of private capital, for example through non-productive primary industries, transport routes and education and health care.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Some commodity markets operate according to the free market, but public power is involved in a significant part of service production.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In agriculture, ownership is private, but farmers are paid subsidies to society, nowadays direct income support to maintain a livelihood.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[2] [3] [4] There are also indications that Finland was transitioning or transitioning from productive capitalism to a financial economy.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[5] In Finland, general government expenditure is high compared to other countries, the ratio of public expenditure to gross domestic product (GDP) was the highest among EU countries at 58.7% in 2014, compared to the average of 48.1% for EU countries.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[6] — this does not mean that private expenditure is 40% of GDP [7].


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Taxes account for 43% of GDP, so Finland ranked between the Nordic and Central European countries in 2013.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[8] Finland's gross domestic product in 2016 amounted to EUR 216 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

At the reference year 2010 prices, it was still lower than in the peak years 2007 and 2008.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[9] Purchasing power adjusted gross domestic product per capita was at the same level between 2011 and 2015 as, for example, Britain or France.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[10] In 2015, about 60% of value added in the national economy occurred in the private sector, 20% in the public sector and 20% in the third sector [11].


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2016, Finland's general government debt amounted to 63% of GDP.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The GDP share of debt rose sharply in the first half of the 2010s, but reversed to a export decline after the middle of the decade.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[12] Finland has never been a destination country for massive work-related immigration, like Sweden and Germany, for example.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Even in the 1970s, Finland was converted to Sweden after work.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The boom of the 1980s saw Finland close to full employment until the recession of the 1990s saw unemployment rise above ten per cent.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

With the boom that followed the recession, unemployment fell sharply, but not to the level of the turn of the 1990s.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

During the clammy economic development of the 2010s, unemployment has fluctuated between eight and ten percent.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The employment rate is good two-thirds of the labour force, up from about three quarters in 1990.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[13] Finland's current account has been in deficit since 2011.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[9] In the World Economic Forum's Competitiveness Comparison “Global Competitiveness report” Finland took third place in 2013 and 2014, but fell to eighth place among 140 countries in 2015 and 2016.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

It was praised for its efficiency and transparency, education and innovation in the public sector.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Government finances and labour market rigidity were reproached.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[14] Monetary policy and inflation The Finnish currency has been the euro since 1999.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Initially, the euro was just the deferred currency to which the mark that preceded it was attached.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Euro coins and banknotes were introduced on 1 January 2002, and since 28 February 2002 only the euro has been able to be used as a means of payment.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The exchange rate between the euro and the mark was 5.94573.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[15] The accession of Finland to the common currency meant a significant reduction in the margin for manoeuvre.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Decisions on changes in the amount of money and interest rates are taken by the European Central Bank.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In the past, they could be used to influence inflation and economic growth.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

On the other hand, the single currency brings a much more stable environment and a wide domestic market for Finnish companies.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[16] [17] Price growth, i.e. inflation, was rapid in Finland after the wars.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

As the competitiveness of exports suffered from inflation, the situation was previously corrected by somewhat regular devaluations.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The last of these had to be done as a result of the Depression in 1991.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[18] Repeated devaluations and inflations feed off each other, allowing a devaluation-inflation spiral to emerge.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Today, Finland is part of the European Economic and Monetary Union EMU and the single currency to the euro, and the activities of companies are more international, so using the exchange rate to solve Finland's economic problems is not feasible.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[16] [19] According to the spring 2012 price comparison of food and non-alcoholic beverages, consumer prices in Finland are 19% above the EU average.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[20] The public sector in Finland is a large public sector.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Apart from ordinary public administration, national defense and education, most health care is public.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Municipalities also provide many other services, such as care for children and the elderly, as well as library services.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The ratio of general government expenditure to gross domestic product is one of the largest in the world.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The size of the public sector in different countries is difficult to compare because it covers different issues, for example, a large part of pensions in Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[21] 25% of the workforce is employed in the public sector.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The municipal sector has 526,000 employees and the state has about 142000 employees.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[22] From the revenue side of the Finnish government budget economy, taxes and tax-like revenues cover approximately EUR 40 billion (2016).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Of this, there is about 13 billion in income tax and about 18 billion in sales taxes.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

On the expenditure side, the largest sections are the Ministry of Finance (17.5 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

), Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (13 billion)


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

and the Ministry of Education and Culture (6.7 billion billion)


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

expenditure in the areas of administration.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[23] In Finland, the State is involved in a wide range of business activities.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

It has holdings in many former state enterprises such as Finnair, Fortum and TeliaSonera Finland (ex.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Sonera).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In addition, it wholly owns companies such as the VR Group, which has a monopoly on passenger rail transport.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In addition, the state owns two monopolies justified on social grounds: Veikkaus (gambling, slot machines, casinos and pari-mutuel) and Alko (retail spirits).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[24] [25] At the beginning of 2016, the value of the state's corporate holdings amounted to approximately EUR 30 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[26] The Prime Minister's Office directly or through the investment company Solidium controls companies in which the State has an investor interest, but various ministerial offices manage state ownership in special purpose companies such as Alko.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[24] [25] National debt fell to around EUR 59 billion in 2006, or 35,1% of GDP.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

After the recession, its share peaked in 1996, when it reached 67%.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Since 2008, the amount of debt has increased, in 2012 it amounted to about 84 billion euros, or 43.6% of GDP.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

General government debt (EDP) was estimated at €110.2 billion in 2013, or 57% of GDP.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[27] For development aid, Finland budgeted a total of EUR 809 million in 2016, or 0.38% of GDP.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[28] The Bank of Finland is the central bank of Finland and is a member of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Its priority is to maintain price stability in Finland and the euro area.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The aim is also to support the achievement of other economic policy objectives without jeopardising the objective of price stability.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[29] Ownership and investment Companies and their ownership base in Finland numbered around 280000 enterprises in 2013 (not including primary production enterprises such as agricultural enterprises), i.e. about 52 enterprises per 1,000 inhabitants.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[30] The largest company by turnover in 2014 was Neste Oil.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In second place was Nokia, which was expected to become the biggest again with the Alcatel-Lucent acquisition.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Two forestry companies, Stora Enso and UPM-Kymmene, are in positions three and four.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In fifth place was the retail company Kesko.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[31] In 2012, Finland's most employable company was Itella, which offered employment to nearly 20,000 Finns.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Other employers of more than ten thousand Finns were Nokia, ISS, VR and Kesko.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[32] Of the 500 large companies listed by the “Economics” magazine, 40% are subsidiaries of foreigners, but the majority share share of many listed companies are also in the portfolio of international investors.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[31] Domestic pension investment companies are also a significant group of owners, with a combined market value of over one hundred billion euros in 2013.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The largest investors are Keva, Varma and Ilmarinen.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[33] In Finland, cooperative banks, cooperative shops and forestry and food companies with cooperative background are best identified as cooperatives.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

However, cooperatives operate in almost all industries.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In the insurance sector, mutual companies and insurance associations operate on the same basic principle as cooperatives.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[34] Large cooperative companies include S-trade group, cooperative bank group and Metsäliitto.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[35] The Helsinki Stock Exchange was founded in 1912.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

It is now part of the Swedish OMX Group, which in turn is owned by the US-based Nasdaq.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[36] NASDAQ OMX First North, a trading platform for Nordic small and medium-sized enterprises, also operates in Helsinki.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[37] In the 2000s, the share of foreign staffers in the ownership of listed companies has varied a lot.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

At the beginning of the millennium, during Nokia's greatness, it was more than 70 percent.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

At the end of 2015, the combined market value of all shares listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange was EUR 187 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The shareholding part of foreign investors was exactly half of that.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The figure may be distorted by foreign investment companies for domestic investors.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The largest foreign ownership rate is in Citycon (85.6%), Nokia (80.6%), Rapala (72.9%) and Nokian Tyres (72.5%).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[38] Investments Investments accounted for around 21% of GDP in Finland in 2013.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Of fixed investments, 56% were different buildings and 22% were machinery and equipment.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Of total investment, the share of manufacturing has fallen and is no longer around 15%.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[39] Research and development expenditure has risen as a proportion of investment.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2014, they amounted to 6.5 billion euros, or about 3.4% of GDP.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Companies' investment in research and development is international.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[39] The banking sector is a major contributor to business activities.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2014, companies received by far the most new funding from banks (€220m), while with bonds they raised only EUR 2800 million.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[40] The banking sector is dominated by two players, Nordea, the Co-operative Bank Group, with both credits and deposits of EUR 50-65 billion in 2013.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Danske Bank is about a third of these in size, other players even smaller.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[40] The Finnish banking world is among the most concentrated in Europe.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The OECD and the European Commission have expressed concern about the low level of competition.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[41] Land ownership The traditional medieval division applied only to densely populated farmlands in the south.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Elsewhere, block division was in use.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[42] [43] Big division in the 18th century and neo-division in the middle of the 19th century attempted to prevent the parting of the accounts into non-viable parts in the context of the division of inheritance.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[44] [45] Following the independence of Finland, the crofters law allowed crofters and hi-smokers the right to redeem their rental property.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

It expanded Finland's independent small farmer class.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Lex Kallio helped farmers acquire additional lands for themselves to viable their small farms.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[46] During World War II, the Quick Settlement Act and the 1945 Land Acquisition Act to colonize Karelian evars increased small land ownership.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Under the Land Acquisition Act, 45000 new farms and 56000 housing estates were created in Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[47] Private people today own 60% of the land.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Land title is safeguarded by the Constitution.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[48] A growing proportion of forest owners are urban dwellers.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[49] The State and the forestry companies UPM-Kymmene and Tornator were the largest forest owners in Finland at the end of 2014.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[50] Metsähallitus is a government business institution with 125,380 square kilometres of area under its management, which corresponds to about one third of Finland's area.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Of the Metsähallitus holdings, 91,210 square miles is land and 34,170 square miles is water.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Its land holdings are mainly located in northern Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[51] According to Statistics Finland, the labour market in Finland is approximately 2.68 million workers (in 2014).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Women actively participate in the labour market.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Approximately 65% of employees are organised, i.e. belong to a trade union.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[52] A wage earner may obtain two years of earnings-related unemployment cover through a trade union or by being part of an unemployment fund independent of trade unions.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The number of entrepreneurs or members of an entrepreneurial family was 343,000 in 2014.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[22] Before the recession of the 1990s, Finland's unemployment rate was 3.2% in 1990.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Of that, it rose to a maximum of 16.6% in 1994.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

With the coming of 2008, unemployment fell to its lowest of 6.4 per cent, but has since risen to 9.4 per cent in 2015.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[22] In practice, the proportion of unemployed was even higher, as many moved outside the labour force as a result of poor labour market conditions.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

These so-called hidden unemployed do not appear in labour force statistics as unemployed jobseekers.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[53] Finland has a very active labour force policy.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

This means that activation measures such as training and support work are aimed at stimulating employment.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Unemployment protection is divided into labour market support and unemployment allowance, which is earnings-related depending on the fulfilment of the working condition and membership of the unemployment fund.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The earnings-linked daily allowance is paid for 500 days, five days a week, or about two years.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[54] The peculiarity of the Finnish labour market has been the overall revenue policy solution, i.e. TUPO and sectoral collective agreements.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In TUPO, the trade union movement and employers' organisations are working to agree annual wage increases and changes in labour market law.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

An outright minimum wage is not defined but is determined on a sector-by-sector basis by collective bargaining agreements.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[55] [56] According to the World Economic Forum Competitiveness Comparison, Finland has the most centralised wage negotiation system of the 140 countries in the comparison, which the platform considers to increase unemployment.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[14] Economic sectors In 2014, Finland's gross domestic product was divided by industry as follows: [9] primary production 2.8% processing 26.5% services 70,6%.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Primary production Primary production consists of agriculture, forestry and fisheries [57].


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2016, there were 50,388 farms in Finland, of which about 86% are family farms.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The number of holdings decreased by about 600 pieces as of 2015.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The most common production direction is grain farming and dairy cattle, the largest livestock sector.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The farms had an average of 45 hectares of agricultural land in use.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[58] In 2013, Finnish holdings had an average of 42 hectares of occupied agricultural land, compared to an average of 16 hectares for the 28 EU Member States.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Nine Member States (Czech Republic, United Kingdom, Slovakia, Denmark, Luxembourg, France, Germany, Estonia and Sweden) have a larger average size of holdings than in Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[59] Hunters receive more than 10 million kilograms of game meat each year.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Hunting is subject to licence, around 300000 Finns redeem the required card each year.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[60] On the other hand, picking berries and mushrooms is an everyman's right.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[61] The annual harvest of forest berries is estimated at over 500 million kilograms and, for example, only 3% to 10% of the cowberry and blueberry harvest is estimated to be recovered.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[62] The total annual harvest of edible mushrooms is estimated at around one thousand million kilograms.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[63] Processing as an industry, processing includes all industrial activities: different industries, mining, construction, energy supply, water and waste management [57].


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Since the recession of the early 1990s, the technology industry has grown rapidly and is today the largest industry sector.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

This includes the electronics and electrical industries, the machinery and metal products industry and the processing of metals, the share of which has been increased mainly by the electronics and electrical industries.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2013, the value of production sold in industry was divided by industry of the items in the largest sectors as follows: [64] metal industry 37% chemical industry 26% Forest industry 19% Food, beverage and tobacco 11% other manufacturing 5% mining 1.5% textile and leather industry 0.7%.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Service production More than two-thirds of the value of Finland's gross domestic product is services.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Private services cover almost three-quarters of them.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The private service sectors, measured by volume of production, are the most important industries serving trade, transport and business.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[65] More than 1.8 million people were employed in the service sector in 2014, including 1.2 million on the private side.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[66] In 2008, the value of private services amounted to EUR 75.8 billion and was structured as follows: [67] trade 16.2 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ business services 14,7 billion


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ real estate services 14,3 billion


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ Transportation and telecommunications 12,6 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ finance and insurance 4,5 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ Hotels and restaurants 2,6 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ Health and social services 2 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ (companies' share only) education 0.3 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

€ (share of enterprises only) the share of enterprises in other services of society 2.7 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In grocery trade, S Group's market share was 46 per cent, K Group's 33 per cent, Lidl's 9 and Suomen Lähitalo's 6 per cent in 2015.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[68] Infrastructure Transport Finns move an average of 41 kilometres per day.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

72% of the journey (58% of the number of journeys) is carried by passenger car.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Light traffic accounts for 4% of the journey (30% of the number).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[69] In the 21st century, domestic passenger transport has shifted slightly more to the tracks, away from road and air transport.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

While the number of passengers has remained the same domestically, international traffic has increased.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Maritime transport accounts for about 90% of exports and about 80% of imports in foreign trade.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[70] The total length of public roads in Finland at the beginning of 2010 was 78161 km, of which 50985 km of paved road (65%) and 765 km of motorway.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

There were 14625 tracks of general bridges.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[71] At the end of 2014, the length of the rail network managed by the Finnish Transport Agency was 5944km, of which 3256 km was electrified.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The track gauge is 1524 mm in Finland, compared to 1435 mm in most of the rest of Europe.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The maximum permissible speed for passenger trains is 220 kilometres per hour and 120 kilometres per hour for freight trains.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[72] There are approximately 2800 level crossings where a road or light traffic bus runs across the track.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[73] Finland maintains 16200 km of waterways, of which 3900 km of merchant shipping lanes.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[74] 23 ports are considered passable even in winter by icebreakers.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Ports in the Gulf of Bothnia need icebreakers for about six months, compared to three months for ports in the Gulf of Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[75] Finavia operates 24 airports in Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

By far the busiest is Helsinki Airport, which sees more than 15 million passengers annually.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Oulu is second with just under 1 million passengers, Rovaniemi third with less than 450,000 passengers (2014).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[76] Helsinki-Vantaa's passenger numbers are increased by Asian exchange passengers.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[77] Telecommunications in Finland are 170 mobile subscriptions per 100 inhabitants, of which 135 are mobile broadband subscriptions, 30 fixed broadband subscriptions, seven IPTV subscriptions, but only ten landline telephone subscriptions.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The number of mobile broadband subscriptions is the largest in the OECD.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[78] Elisa is the market leader in both fixed and mobile phone connections.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

It is followed by TeliaSonera Finland and DNA.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[78] Since 2010, Finland has had a universal service obligation: all permanently populated buildings in Finland must have the option to purchase at least one mega broadband connection.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[79] In 2015, the obligation was increased to 2 mega, and by 2021 the target will increase to 10 mega.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[80] The drawdown of the network to the sparsely populated areas is still in progress.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[81] Water and Waste Management The organisation of water management in Finland is divided between several actors: the general organisation is the responsibility of municipalities, the ELY centres develop and plan, the Finnish Environment Agency conducts research and guidance, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and the Ministry of the Environment Preparing legislation and the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health prescribes quality standards for economic water.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[82] Approximately 90% of Finns derive their economic water from the water supply system.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Of the water supplied by water utilities, there is about 39% of surface water and 61% of groundwater.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[83] More than 80% of Finns are covered by centralised sewerage and sewage treatment.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In built-up areas, wastewater is assembled into the sewers of the water supply plant for further treatment to wastewater treatment plants.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In Finland, the level of cleaning is very high.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

On average, treatment plants remove about 97% of organic matter entering there, 96% of phosphorus and 56% of nitrogen.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[84] Finnish waste legislation follows the principles of EU waste policy: prevent waste from being created, polluter and producer pay costs, anticipate risks and treat waste close to where they are born, Finnish waste in Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[85] About a quarter of municipal waste ends up in landfill, a proportion reduced by half between 2008 and 2013.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Waste is increasingly utilised as recycled material or energy.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[86] Of all waste in Finland, the vast majority of waste comes from mining, construction and industry.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[87] Energy Energy consumption per capita in Finland is the highest in the European Union.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Reasons include high energy consuming industry (about half of consumption), high standard of living, cold climate (for heating 25% of consumption) and long distances (traffic 16%).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[89] The main sources of energy production are wood fuels, (26%), oil (23%) and nuclear power (18%).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[88] Exports are of great importance to Finland's economy.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2014, the gross domestic product share of exports of goods and services was 37.9 per cent; the corresponding share of imports was 38.7 per cent.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The value of exports of goods and services in 2014 amounted to approximately EUR 78 billion.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[90] Approximately 60% of Finland's international trade is intra-European Union trade.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland's share is among the lowest among EU countries.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland's main trading partners for 2014 were Germany, Russia, Sweden, the Netherlands, China, the United States, Britain and France.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

During the 1990s and 2000 decades, Finland had a positive trade balance, i.e. exports were higher than imports, but in 2011 the trade balance turned into a deficit.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[91] Exports and imports Finland's exports increased after the recession of the 1990s, particularly in 2000 and between 2004 and 2007.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Exports collapsed in 2009, but soon rose to the level of €56000 million.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2014, the total value of goods exports amounted to EUR 55829 million and imports of goods in turn EUR 57608 million.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The main export products were products of the chemical industry, such as fuels, and products of the forestry industry.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Metals and metal products, machinery and equipment, and products from the electrical and electronic industries also accounted for a significant proportion of exports.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[91] [92] Germany has always been Finland's most important trading partners, and in 2014 it rose past Sweden to become the largest export country and Russia to the largest importing country.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Exports of ships and cars to Germany have increased; cars assembled in Finland are exported to Germany from there to continue to be marketed.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Similarly, automobile parts are imported into Finland from Germany.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[93] [94] [95] Major trading partners in 2014: [91] Exports by product category in 2015 [96] Imports by purpose of goods [96] History Prehistory The territory of present-day Finland was already part of an extensive exchange network in the Stone Age.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[97] After the archaeologically minor discovery period following the Bronze Age, trade became common again in the Roman Iron Age.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Iron objects were imported, but they were also made from lake and swamp ore themselves.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Farming began with irrigation, cattle keeping was obtained manure to fertilize the fields.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Barley, rye, oats and dust wheat have been cultivated in ancient fields, among others.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

As late as the Bronze Age, a cow, a pig, a sheep and a goat were known as domesticated animals.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Used goods were imported from the Baltic Sea, luxury goods such as gold jewellery further afield.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Prosperity may have been based on the fur trade.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[98] During Swedish rule, cities such as Turku and Vyborg were established and developed in Finland, which also formed local trade centres.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Agriculture and forestry were still the main means of livelihood.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[99] The 17th century had many canopy years and agriculture had a difficult time.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Along with farming, income was generated from iron in the south, tar in the rest and in western Finland from sawn timber in addition to tar.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Tar was in demand in the growing fleets of the great powers, but producing it was only profitable along good lines of transport.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

On the coasts were fished for herring, riverside salmon.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Reindeer farming did not emerge as a major industry in Lapland until the 18th century.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[100] The period of autonomy during Russian rule, the industrialization of Finland began in the 1860s with the sawmill industry, but still in 1900 73% of the people received their livelihood from farming [101].


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

As demand for wood and butter grew and grain imports became vacant, crop cultivation ceased and the focus shifted from grain farming to cattle farming.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland moved from exchange economy to monetary economy.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[102] In 1860 Finland received its own money, a mark.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[103] In the mid-19th century, Finland was one of the poorest countries in Europe.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Its economic growth from 1860 to 2010 has been studied in a large research project, according to the results of which, during that period, the economy grew 24-fold and 15-fold during independence.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The growth rate has been the second fastest in the world after Japan.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[104] The outbreak of World War I hampered Finland's foreign trade, as frontal lines cut western links important for exports and imports.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

As the war dragged on, the metal industry benefited from increased demand.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 1916, Russian state-commissioned works were suspended and military equipment production was reduced, leading to unemployment.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[105] Independent Finland In the years following the Civil War, Finland received a loan from the United States to prevent famine in 1919.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[106] In the 1930s, economic growth continued and gross domestic product per capita approached Western European levels.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[104] After World War II, the economy was in crisis.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

War reparations took away much of the export potential, but on the other hand are driving industrialization.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Building on them, in the 1950s, however, exports of the metal industry to the Soviet Union continued almost without competition from other Western countries.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Exports to the West, especially to West Germany and Britain, began to grow in the 1960s.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[107] The Soviet Union became a major trading partner for Finland, and the Soviet Union engaged in bilateral trade with only Finland and India in addition to the socialist states.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finland was at times the second largest Western trading partner of the Soviet Union, thanks to bilateral trade with the Federal Republic of Germany being the largest.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In exchange for oil obtained from the Soviet Union in bilateral trade, Finland processed Neste Oy's oil refineries and exported refined petroleum products to Western countries.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Finn-Stroi was a consortium set up by Finnish builders for construction projects heading to the Soviet Union.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[108] Finland joined the OECDHE in 1969.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[109] In the 1950s, the Agrarian League, led by Kekkonen, was ready to haggle the business objectives of state companies in order to promote social ends.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[110] Due to keeping the whole populated area, industrialisation of Northern Finland was important.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

According to Kekkonen, public sector intervention, industry, improvement of transport conditions, mining and energy production were needed.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[111] In the 1980s, Finland liberalised money markets and experienced a strong economic boom that lasted a whole decade.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The term casino economy described enrichment by borrowed money and investing.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[112] A banking crisis ensued from the bursting of the credit bubble, which completely grinded the traditional structures and camps of the Finnish financial system and drove the national economy into the deepest depression in the country's economic history.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[113] [114] The reasons for the recession also included speculating on the currency markets and the ensuing tightening of monetary policy, as well as the end of clearing trade with the Soviet Union as the decade turned.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[112] [115] The signs of recession were still visible in the 21st century, although the Finnish economy could already be said to be in good shape.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[114] Especially in the 1970s, Finland's income inequality shrank drastically and was the lowest in the OECD countries in the early 1990s.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[116] Finland, as a member of the EU, Finland joined the European Union in 1995.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Before that, Finland was a participant in the European Economic Area (EEA) since 1 January 1994.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2002, a common currency, the euro, a common customs policy and the free movement of goods and capital came into use.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[117] The accession to the European Economic and Monetary Union removed Finland's possibility of independent monetary policy, leaving the Bank of Finland with the task of maintaining price stability in the first place.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[118] [119] As many other issues had already been agreed in the EEA negotiations, the role of agriculture was a key element of the EU accession negotiations.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[117] Prior to EU membership, efforts were made to safeguard the standard of living of Finnish farmers through national price and subsidy policies.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Producer prices received by farmers were almost double those paid in the EU.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Demand for domestic products was secured by import restrictions and any overproduction was exported abroad with export subsidies.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In the accession negotiations, Finland called for the whole country to be covered by Northern support and LFA support for the Less Favoured Regions (LFA).


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

This was approved only for the northern part of the country, in addition, Finland was authorised to pay transitional aid to facilitate adaptation for five years.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

With membership, market prices for agricultural products declined.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Still, agricultural production didn't plummet.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

After a transitional period, farmers will receive direct income support not tied to high producer prices.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[120] As a member of the EU, Finland also became a member of the WTO.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[121] During the first ten years of EU membership, foreign investment grew markedly in Finland.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[122] From a business perspective, free movement and the common market associated with EU membership have helped to achieve internationalisation.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Supports are also available.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

On the other hand, bureaucracy is perceived to have increased, the delegation of administrative tasks to the entrepreneurs themselves and legal matters such as VAT have become more difficult.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[123] In the millennial stock market glut, many IT exchanges were listed on the stock exchange and grew up to the bubble.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

In 2007, the crisis that began in the US housing market progressed into Europe in 2008.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[124] The economic sanctions imposed by Western countries on Russia due to the crisis in Ukraine since April 2014 and July 2015 hampered Finland's economic situation due to a decrease in investment by foreign companies and loss of income from agriculture.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[125] [126] Finland's economy rebounded in 2009, when the year-on-year change in the volume of gross domestic product was -8,3%.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

The economy turned to growth as it entered the 2010s, but contracted again between 2012 and 2014.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Halfway through the decade, the economy slowly began to pick up.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

[127] See also Taxation in Finland List of Finnish state companies Finnish government finance Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hautala, Heikki| title = Structure and development of Finnish economy| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2003| version = Illustration: Eila Sinivuori| id = ISBN 951-0-28450-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Chaker, A.N.| title = The Finnish Miracle: Wonderland of Lovely| others = Translated by Liisa Poikolainen| location = Helsinki| publisher = Talentum| year = 2011| id = ISIS| BN 952-141- 677-7}} On the topic elsewhere Graphic presentation of the Government's proposal to Parliament for the State Budget for 2015.


Question: What is Finland's most significant export product?

Economy of Finland

Wikipedia:Wikiprojekt Economy/List of information sources for the Finnish economic policy debate * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Humans (Homo sapiens) is the only mammal of the genus of humans (Homo) alive today.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Humans belong to the family of large human apes (Hominidae) of the primates order and is the most widely distributed and abundant species of the present living primates.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

There are about 7.5 billion people.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Man has a developed brain, thanks to which man is capable of abstract thinking, language and self-observation.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

This, along with the upright posture and upper limbs capable of handling objects, has given humans the ability to use tools more variously than any other animal species.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Humans, like other primates, are naturally communal, but humans are particularly capable of using communication and language to convey ideas and reflect on past and future.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Humans form complex collaborative and competing social groups, from families all the way down to nations.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The basis of human community is the rituals, traditions, values and laws transmitted through language.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

People, as the only species, make fire, cook the food, dress and use numerous techniques.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

People also have cultural innovations like art, such as painting, architecture, literature and music.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Development Genus The human species belongs to the genus of humans (Homo), which evolved from human apes (Hominidae) and primates (Primates).


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The closest surviving relatives of the human species are the chimpanzee and the bonobo.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The developmental line of chimpanzees separated from humans about 5—6 million years ago and gorillas about 7—8 million years ago.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Modern humans According to the taxonomic classification, the people living today belong to the subspecies Homo sapiens sapiens.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The species and subspecies is the only surviving of the genus of humans, with other members of the genus becoming extinct.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[1] Contemporary knowledge (v.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

2017), according to modern humans evolved in Africa about 300,000 years ago in the Late Pleistocene epoch.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The earliest finds are fossils found in Jebel Irhoud, Morocco, dated to around 300,000 years old, representing the earliest stage of development of modern humans.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

However, their brain coccyx seems a little more primitive than that of people living today.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[2] Prior to 2017, the skulls Omo I and Omo II discovered in Ethiopia in 1967, were considered to be the oldest remains of modern humans, dated to be around 195,000 years old.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[3] According to the multidomain hypothesis, which is generally considered obsolete, humans would have evolved on Earth simultaneously in many regions.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[4] However, human DNA lineage compared to other species that lived at the same time suggests that in the late Pleistocene period the human population was extremely small, reaching a maximum of 10,000 individuals, resulting in a small gene pool in humans.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[5] An important role in human evolution was the increased brain volume, which is typically around 1400cm³ in adult modern humans.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Increased intelligence and advanced communication skills led to the rapid social and cultural development of humanity.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[6] [7] Spread throughout the Earth from the Near East are discoveries of early human habitation dating back 125,000 years.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[8] It was previously thought that humans were moving away from the African continent for the first time around that time.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[9] However, in 2018 a study was published showing that humans spread outside Africa as early as 174,000 to 188,000 years ago.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[9] Modern humans returned to the region several times, and the breakthrough out of there occurred about 60000 years ago.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Modern humans spread across South Asia about 50,000 years ago and arrived in Australia no later than 40000 years ago.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[10] Remnants of modern humans have been found in Europe dating back 41,000 to 45,000 years.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[11] Most recently, man arrived through Alaska from Asia to the Americas 10000—30000 years ago.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The earliest humans were gatherer-hunters whose lifestyle had adapted to savannah life.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Later people adopted farming and permanent residences.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

People can live in most places of the world.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Settlement is currently present on all continents, although it is not permanent in Antarctica [12].


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Man has visited space, and is constantly manning the International Space Station in Earth orbit.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[12] The majority of people, 61 percent, live in Asia.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The rest are distributed across the globe as follows: 14% of people are in the Americas, 13% are in Africa, 12% are in Europe, and 0.5% are in Oceania.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In the last two centuries, the human population has grown from one billion to seven billion lives.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

2.5 billion people (39.7%) live in or near cities.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Human biology Man is a multicellular authentic organism consisting of about 100 trillion cells and about 70% of water.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The development of the human individual begins when the sperm fertilizes the egg.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

With its division, an embryo is formed, which transforms into a fetus on the eighth week of fertilization.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

A person reaches full life at the end of puberty.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Significant organic systems in humans include the skeleton, neural network, circulatory, musculature, and respiratory system.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

There are two genders in man, male and female.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Anatomy and Physiology There are several types of human bodies, and their size and characteristics are determined by gene lineage and environmental factors such as diet and exercise.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The length of an adult human varies between 150cm and 200cm on average.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Women are smaller than men on average.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

There is also regional divergence in the average lengths.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The average height of Finns is 178.5 cm for males and 168.0 cm for females, according to a 2014 study.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The Finns are ranked 16th in men and 13th in world statistics.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

in women.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[13] Human density is roughly the same as water; bone and muscle tissue are denser than water, and adipose tissue less than water.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The thoracic and abdominal cavity decrease in medium density.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[14] Humans have adopted an upright mode of locomotion and are thus fully capable of two-limb locomotion.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Thus, the upper limbs are freed to handle other objects.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Since physiology is not yet fully developed for vertical locomotion, people's form of locomotion produces difficulties for them, especially at later ages, and in the event of injuries to critical points, the ability to move can be momentarily completely lost.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In man, body hair is greatly reduced.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

For its part, in some individuals, the decrease in body hair is more apparent than real.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

They have hairs as dense as other human monkeys, but they are shorter and more inconspicuous because they are less pigmented.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

People in some areas have seen a much stronger reduction in body hair compared to people in other regions.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Various theories have been made to explain the lack of body hair.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Hairlessness has been considered a cooling system, especially during hunting, and also as reducing the number of outdoor parasites.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Also, sexual selection and other social relationships probably play a part in hairlessness.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

[15] On the other hand, to counterbalance the low hair cover of the rest of the skin, most people have hairs on the top of their heads— hair— that grow as long as those of any other animal species.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Although, in some people of a certain lineage, the hair remains short and very curly, in addition, many men in their parents become bald.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The staggering length of human parietal hair has been an enigma for scientists.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

It has been speculated that long hair would have been important in early times for sexual selection, although later culture in many regions has evolved in the direction of not seeing free hair growth as desirable in either or both sexes.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The color of human skin and hair is due to the dye of tissues, that is, pigment, which in humans and other animals is affected by melanin.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Skin color varies from dark brown to pink.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Skin color has evolved to protect the Sun from harmful UV radiation and folic acid breakdown, but to allow vitamin D to form on the skin under the influence of sunlight.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Typical is that the skin of people in the northern regions is pale, and when heading towards the equator, the average complexion of the population darkens.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The color of the hair can be light, dark, brown, red or a mixture of them.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Black and brown are probably the most common, naturally red the rarest, and mainly a feature found among Europeans.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

People's skin also has the property of tanning in sunshine to protect against ultraviolet radiation.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The more pronounced the lighter the skin a person has naturally.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

An adult person has an average sleep requirement of 7—8 hours and 9 to 12 hours a day for a child between 3 and 18 years, depending on age.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Children under three years of age have the greatest sleep requirement.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Older people sleep only six to seven hours a day.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Sleep deprivation impairs human performance.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Normally, humans have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs) in each cell, with about 3.9 billion “base sites,” according to completed mappings.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

There are about 20,000 possible genes in humans.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The Human Genome Project has recently done significant work in mapping.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The human DNA lineage is approximately 96% [16] the same as that of a chimpanzee, the closest surviving relatives of humans.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

As a distinction from all other “common” chromosomes, or autosomes, the sex chromosome determines the sex of a person, as in other mammals.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Birth, growth, development, aging, death Human life as well as other organisms includes birth, growth, aging and ultimately inevitable death.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Birth An egg inside a woman is usually fertilized during intercourse between a man and a woman with a man's sperm, causing the woman to become pregnant.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Although today, medicine has developed soaring, with people mastering a number of techniques, such as artificial fertilization and other ways of conceiving a woman that are different from traditional methods.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The fertilized egg, or zygote, splits in the womb of the woman to form an embryo which later develops into a fetus.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The child usually comes out of the womb of a woman through the vagina, and in this case a healthy newborn knows how to breathe independently.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In some cases, the child is born by caesarean section.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In modern cultures, a child born is considered a person and is protected by all the same laws as adult people.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

The laws of some countries already consider a fetus as a person while it is still inside the womb of a woman.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In all countries, abortion, or abortion, is not legal.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Compared to other mammalian species, human birth is a moderately complex event, due to the large head of the fetus.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Childbirth can last up to a day's worth and may be very painful for the mother.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Sometimes a mother, child or both die in or in conjunction with childbirth.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Infant mortality has declined significantly in wealthy countries since medicine developed in the 20th century.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Natural childbirth without clean conditions and skilled assistance is still common in developing countries.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

A human child is born after a gestational period of about nine months.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In affluent countries, the weight of a full-term newborn is about 3—4kg and a height of 45—60cm.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Childhood and Growth Age The child grows by about half a metre in the three years following birth, after which the increase in height equalises to an annual growth of about 4—7cm for about 7—12 following the age, after which growth in puberty temporarily accelerates, driven by sex hormones, and eventually slows down and over time ends.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Finnish girls grow up to about 15—16 years old, boys still grow up to 17—20 years old.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Girls and boys under the age of 10 have little gender differences.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Gender differentiating development is triggered in adolescence.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In Finnish girls, the physical development of puberty is most commonly triggered at the age of 10-12, with some individuals also earlier and some later.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

Menstruation usually begins two years later, that is, very often at the age of 12—14.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In girls, the longitudinal drive is milder than boys and dates to the beginning of puberty in boys.


Question: How many members are counted in the chief?

human

In girls, height growth ends more carefully than boys and boys grow longer because their bones grow longer than in length.