Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

After the merger fell through, the Volvo group did not last long as an independent Swedish company; the passenger car group was sold in 2000 to Ford for $6.45 billion.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Volvo were placed in Ford's Premier Division as the club of Jaguar and Aston-Martin.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

In 2007, Ford sold its Jaguar and Aston Martin groups, and Volvo passenger cars were on duty in 2008.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

The buyer was Chinese Geely for $1.8 billion.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Renault remains the largest shareholder in the Volvo group with an 18.7 per cent voting stake.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

In 2017, Libération magazine published the news that Renault has used a device that distorts emissions measurement results similar to that of Volkswagen in its cars.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

According to the newspaper, Renault management is aware of the matter, and so do the authorities.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Renault has denied the allegations.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[8] Renault in Finland The first Renault representative in Finland between 1924 and 1926 was Autola Oy.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[9] In the 1930s, Renault was imported by Oy Ren-Auto Ab, who participated in the motor shows held in Helsinki with a wide range of models in several years.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Despite this, Renault did not become a common car brand in Finland until World War II, and only a few Renault cars of this period have survived.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

One of these is the top Renault model Nervasport, imported by the French Ambassador to Helsinki for his own use in 1935, now exhibited at the Vehoniemi Automobile Museum.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

After moving to another position in 1938, the Ambassador sold the car to Raul Hellberg, a trade advisor in Porvoo, from whom it was purchased in the 1960s by Olavi Sallisinen, founder of the Vehoniemi Automobile Museum.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[4] In 1949, CEO Ragnar Paulsson founded Oy Autorex AB, which received Renault representation in the same year.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

In the first year, 75 Renault cars were imported into the country.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Initially, the company's premises were for a few years in the Kaarti manees and then on the Eteläesplanade in the centre of Helsinki.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Since 1968, the company's headquarters were located in South Hague, where the company's maintenance workshop was completed in 1957.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Throughout its history, Autorex operated as a family company, and with a generational change in 1960, Ragnar Paulsson's son, Master of Science Harry Paulsson, became CEO.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

In 1981, Oy Autorex AB employed 102 people and had a turnover of 101.3 million marks.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Oy Autorex Ab maintained a Finnish racing stable Renault from 1967 to 1973, driving with others such as Jorma Lusenius and Pentti Airikkala.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[10] [11] In 1989, Autorex's entire stock was transferred to Oy Volvo-Auto AB (now Bilia Oy), which brought Volvo.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[12] At the end of 1954, Renault was the seventh most common passenger car brand in Finland with 2405 cars.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[13] The introduction of the Renault 4 and 8 coincided conveniently in Finland with the dismantling of imports of passenger cars in 1962.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

During the 1960s, a couple thousand Renault passenger cars were sold each year in Finland.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[14] The Renault 12, introduced in 1969, was also imported into Finland from Dacia factories in Romania.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Within the 1970s, almost 25000 Renaults were registered in Finland.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[11] At the end of 1988, Finland had 20863 Renault passenger cars registered and it was 18 in the statistics by brand.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

ranked.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

[15] Partnering with Nissan on March 27, 1999, Renault acquired a 36.8% stake in Japanese automaker Nissan.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

The stake was increased to 44% in 2002, when Nissan also bought a 15% stake in Renault.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Cars Passenger cars Renault 12 (1968—1980) Renault 14 (1976—1983) Renault 15/17 (1971—1980) Renault 16 (1965-1979) Renault 18 (1978-1993) Renault 19 (1988—1996) Renault 20/30 (1975—1984) Renault 21 (1986—1994) Renault 25 (1983—1992) Renault 3 (1961—1962) Renault 4 (1961—1993) Renault 4CV (1946-1961) Renault 5 (1972—1996) Renault 6 (1968—1980) Renault 7 (1974-1982) Renault 8/10 (1962—1976) Renault 9/11 (1981—1989) Renault Alliance (1982—1987) Renault Avantime (2001—2003) Renault Captur (2013—) Renault Carave (1958—) 1968) Renault Clio (1990—) Renault Dauphine (1956—1967) Renault Espace (1984—) Renault Frégate (1951—1960) Renault Fuego (1980—1992) Renault Juvaquatre (1937—1955) Renault Kadjar (2015—) Renault Koleos (2006—) Renault Laguna (1994—2015) Renault Mégane (1995 )—) Renault Modus (2004—2012) Renault Primaquatre (1931—1941) Renault Reinastella (1929—1933) Renault Rodeo (1970-1987) Renault Safrane (1992—2000) Renault Scénic (1996—) Renault Sport Spider (1994—1997) Renault Talisman (2015—) Renault Torino (1966—1981) Renault Twingo (1993—) ) Renault Zoe (2012—) Vans Renault Estafette (1959—1980) Renault Kangoo (1997—) Renault Mascott (1999—2010) Renault Master (1980—) Renault Messenger (1982—1999) Renault Trafic (1981—) Pickup trucks Renault Alaskan (2016—) Renault models from different decades Marcel Renault in his car in 1903 Renault DM Tourer from 1914 Renault KJ-1 Touret of 1923 Renault Celtaquatre Berline from 1935 The 1956 Renault 4CV The 1963 Renault 8 Year 1975 Renault 30 Year 1985 Renault 9 The 1986 Renault Traffic T1000 1998 Renault Laguna The 2006 Renault Clio of the Year 2015 Renault Talisman See also Renault F1 Team Sources On the topic elsewhere The history of Finnish Renault imports in the late 1940s is shed light on Henrik Tikkanen's novel “Renault, my love”.


Question: Where was the first headquarters of Auto Union?

Renault

Category:CAC 40 Index Category:Euronext 100 Index * Category:French listed companies Category:Key articles on screening


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood refers to the temporary blanketing of land by water due to rising water levels in a body, rising sea levels, or stormwater accumulation.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[1] The extent of the flood area and the effects of the flood depend on, among other things, the shape of the terrain, the annual water situation, and the land use of the area.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Damage Flooding may cause damage to people, the environment and economic activities, for example.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The adverse effects of flooding can never be completely prevented, nor would it even be profitable in an economic sense.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

However, flood damage can be reduced through various flood risk management measures.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

As a result of flooding, areas where it would be undesirable are often submerged and there is no time to prevent flooding.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flooding a river, for example, can bring so much water to the highway that driving by car across the site becomes impossible, or floodwater spreads to the basements of residential buildings.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Genesis of floods Flooding arises in several ways.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In the spring floods are caused by snow melt and ice dams, other times, among other things, abundant rainfall.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Meltwater increases flows in water bodies and raises their water level.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Ice dams can raise water levels significantly higher than normal.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The cause of seawater flooding may be temporary sea water level rise due to wind or low pressure, or higher surface rise due to glacier melting over a longer period.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Particularly in the Baltic Sea, which is an inland sea, due to strong winds and low pressure, generally short-duration sea-water floods may arise.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flooding can be prevented by building dams and embankment beaches, among other things.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

A temporary flood zone is an area where flooded water can be discharged to avoid greater damage.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Efforts have been made to blow up or dig open ice dams using various machinery.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The surface of rivers can also be raised by prolonged and heavy rains.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flooding around the world, floods in addition to the above are caused by volcanic eruptions, which quickly melt snow.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Heavy rains can also lead to flooding.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

During the rainy season in the tropics, river peripheral lands are subjected to flooding many times each year and as a result land areas have been turned into floodplains.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flooding also causes frequent landslides.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Instantaneous flood lakes can also be caused when river mouths block, for example, due to abundant flora.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Particularly on the Amazonas River, flood lakes () are often experienced, which change the ecosystem of the region seasonally.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flooding can also be caused by storm cause in connection with strong low pressure or by a tsunami produced by earthquakes.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Types of flooding Flooding can be commonly divided into watershed flooding, seawater flooding, and stormwater floods.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[1] Water floods usually develop in Finland as a result of prolonged rains or snow melt.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The most common of these are spring floods due to snowmelt occurring on rivers and lakes.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Abundant rains cause watershed flooding in other times of the year.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Also, ice and jelly dams can cause locally strong water levels in the river to rise.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The flooding of the Great Lakes, which is the result of several successive years of high rain, can also be elevated to its own type of watershed flood type.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In seaside areas, storms, along with other factors that raise water levels, can cause seawater flooding.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Along with wind, the main factors contributing to sea level rise in the Baltic Sea are air pressure, flow through the Danish straits and winter sea ice coverage.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Stormwater flood refers to flooding caused by rain or meltwater accumulating on the surface of the earth in mainly built-up areas.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[1] Stormwater floods have also been referred to as agglomeration, heavy rain or sudden flooding.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Stormwater floods caused by heavy rains are fast-onset, short-lived and quite localized, concentrating on built-up areas.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In a densely built urban-like area, unusually intense rain can cause flooding both in streams and ditches and on streets when storm drains are exceeded capacity.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The Bureau of Meteorology issues a heavy rain warning when rainfall is at least 20 millimetres per hour or at least 50 millimetres per day.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood Recurrence Time and Probability Recurrence time and probability describe the rarity of flooding.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Both terms are in common use.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In addition to them, the rarity of the flood can be described verbally.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Recurrence time refers to the length of time that, on average, elapses before a flood of a certain magnitude or greater occurs.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In reality, floods do not occur regularly every year, but there are drier periods in between and more frequent floods.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

For example, a flood described with a recurrence time of two hundred and fifty years (1/250a) means that the flood is likely to be experienced four times over a thousand years.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The annual probability of a flood of this magnitude occurring is 0.4%.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In 100 years, there is already a 33 per cent chance of a flood of this magnitude.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In 250 years, there is a 63% chance of a flood of this magnitude occurring.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The flow and water level corresponding to a flood of a given frequency can be determined either by statistical methods or using watershed models.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Watershed models describe the hydrological circulation of a body of water and the diversion of water in a body of water.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flooding and their changes are estimated by combining weather conditions occurring in models with a certain probability with the worst possible.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[1] Estimating flood recurrence involves a lot of uncertainties arising from modeling and length of observation period, for example, so recurrence times and probabilities should be treated as indicative estimates rather than precise numbers.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[1] The probabilities can also be used to account for the projected impacts of climate change in the future.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Systematic water level observations have been carried out in Finland since the 1840s.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

During this observation period, the highest summer flood affecting large areas in Finland occurred in 1899 and the second extensive summer flood, almost as high, occurred in 1924.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[2] In Finland there have been major spring floods in 1953, 1966, 1984 and 2000.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The recurrence of these floods has averaged about once every 50 years.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

According to the records of the largest river floods, for example, in 1807 the water was nine metres above the normal summer water level in Rovaniemi at the time of the spring flood, and in 1859 the water rose seven metres above the summer height in Kemijoki and Ounasjoki.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[3] A truly rare and widespread flood has last occurred in Finland in 1899. At that time, the recurrence period of flooding in the water basins of Vuoksi, Kymijoki and Kokemäenjoki has been estimated at least 250 years (i.e. an annual probability of less than 0.4%).


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Floodwater levels were above mid-water heights in Päijänne 193cm, 155cm in Kallavesi, 224cm in Vanajajoki, 253cm in Pyhäjärvi in Tampere and 202cm in Saimaa.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The total amount of damage was estimated at 7.4 million marks according to the then money value.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[4] The exceptionalism of the flood was understood in due course, resulting in signs indicating the highest water level being carved into the cliffs on the beach.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

As a result of the February manifesto of the same year, these signs with their annuals are widely known as the lines of the whale pato.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Since 1899, significant numbers of residential buildings, summer homes, industrial plants, roads, bridges and so on have been built near the beaches, so the potential for damage is quite different today than it was just a hundred years ago.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In 1966, an exceptional amount of snow fell in southern Finland and the warm April caused the snow to melt quickly.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The water value of the snow was exceptionally high, up to 260 millimetres, and record flooding ensued.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In the Kokemäen-Huittinen region, the flood caused mainly agricultural damage.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In Halis, a watershed of the River Aura, the water value of the snow was measured at 211mm.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The peak flood peak in Halis was reached on 2 May, when a flow of 286m³/s was measured in the Aura River.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In some places people had to be evacuated from the path of the flood and from which ice dams had to be blown up.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The 1974—1975 winter flood in Kokemäjoki was caused by heavy rainfall during the rest of 1974.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Lacky weather and high flow prevented the formation of an ice cap in the Kokemäjoki River.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

High flow, open water, and a period of frost allowed the formation of jelly and jelly dams.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

At the same time, seawater rose high.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In Pihlava, the Kokemäenjoki estuary was in the river bed up to the bottom.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In addition, the Pori region experienced a rare ice departure during the season, resulting in an ice dam forming at the tip of Kirjurinluoo.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In the spring of 1984, the flood in Ostrobothnia was an average of once every 30 to 40 years and caused residential buildings to become wet and, in addition, arable areas were covered with water.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In addition, in the lower part of the river, flood water cut off road 715 and the road to Vaasa Airport and discharged into the sea partly through the Old Vaasa Canal.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

This was the result of the formation of an ice dam on the bridge of Highway 715.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

With major flooding, the Laihianjoki flood area coincides with the Karkkimala region with the Kyrönjoki flood area, as was observed with the 1984 flood.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Finland has experienced several types of flooding recently.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

During the summer of 2004, flows grew, for example, as a result of continuous heavy rainfall in the Vantaa River basin, to record high relative to the time.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[5] Flood damage was compensated by State resources of around EUR 900000 [6].


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In Epiphany 2005, on the other hand, sea water reached record levels in the Gulf of Finland and the then National Institute of Marine Research (now the Finnish Finnish Meteorological Institute) issued the first flood warning in its history.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood control was quite successful in Helsinki, among other things, a flood wall was built from paper bales in the Market Square [7].


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

At the end of May of the same year, the floods in Lapland caused by melting snow were exceptionally drastic.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood damage amounted to EUR 4.7 million in the Kittilä city centre and Upper Ounasjoki region [8].


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In Pori, on the other hand, local heavy rain caused around 20 million euros in damage on 12 August 2007.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

During the three hours it rained at worst 20% of the annual harvest [9].


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

On October 6, 2012, a severe flood was experienced in southern Ostrobothnia and the northern parts of Satakunta, resulting from 5 to 6.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

During the period of October, almost continuous heavy rain caused by a wide low pressure swirling over Western Finland.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Also outside the flood zone, for example in Kokemäki and Pori, more than 30 millimetres of daily rainfall were measured.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[10] In April 2013, a thermal spring, which began late but surprisingly strongly and broadly, caused severe flooding almost everywhere in Finland.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The worst hit Pyhäjoki in northern Ostrobothnia.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In Finland, flooding has typically been minor compared to Central Europe, where heavy rainfall, low levels of lakes and greater elevation differences in terrain increase susceptibility to flooding.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

According to a study carried out by the Finnish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the damage caused by an extremely rare flood (recurring on average once every 250 years) would amount to around EUR 550 million in Finland [2].


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood risk areas in Finland have been designated 22 major flood risk areas for the period 2018-2024.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The designation took into account the likelihood of flooding and the damaging consequences of the flood.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The significance of the consequences was assessed from a general point of view.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood hazard and flood risk maps and flood risk plans have been prepared for significant flood risk areas, setting out objectives and measures to prevent and reduce flood risks, as well as other impacts of measures.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

It is estimated that flooding of the watershed poses the greatest risks in Rovaniemi and Pori.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The rise of sea water, on the other hand, poses significant risks, for example in the Helsinki region.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[1] Flooding may occur in areas other than designated risk areas, but in these designated areas the risk of flooding has been considered to be the most significant.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In particular, the occurrence of damaging and sudden stormwater floods caused by heavy rainfall depends largely on where the heavy rain area hits.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Predicting these heavy rain floods is extremely difficult.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In particular, the river waters of Ostrobothnia are flood-sensitive because they flow in wide areas and there are not many lakes that equalize the flow.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Snowmelt in spring usually occurs along the entire length of rivers at the same time because rivers flow from east to west and there is a lot of water coming in in a short period of time.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Climate change, estimates suggest, significantly alters the seasonal variation in river flows and lake water levels.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Due to the increase in temperature, winter flows and water levels increase, while the flows resulting from the melt of snow in the spring decrease, especially in southern and central Finland.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

During the summer, water levels may fall even lower.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flooding decreases in parts of Finland as the amount of snow decreases, but especially in the central lakes and lowlands of large bodies of water, increased precipitation increases flooding in the majority of climate scenarios [1].


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood risk is estimated to double or triple by 2100 if no additional preparedness measures are taken [11] Flood risk management Flood risk management refers to a set of measures aimed at assessing and reducing flooding the likelihood of occurrence and/or damaging consequences of flooding.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Traditionally, flood risk management has focused on rationing of water bodies and other means of flood protection, such as swamping and beach embankments.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

However, it is also possible to significantly reduce flood damage by planning land use sensibly and directing construction beyond flood areas.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In Finland, systematic flood mapping work has been carried out to support this to increase public awareness and public awareness of flood areas.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood maps are made for significant flood risk areas, showing where the flood may spread and what kind of damage it may cause.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Flood maps can be used as an aid in the planning of flood risk management.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

For example, they can be used to plan operations in the event of flooding, such as road closures and evacuations, as efficiently as possible.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

In addition, flood risk management plans will be developed for watersheds with a significant flood risk area to prevent and reduce the risk of flooding in the area.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The local ELY Centre is responsible for planning flood risk management in watershed and marine coastal areas.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

Stormwater flood risk management is the responsibility of municipalities.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

[12] Activities in the event of a flood and during a flood It is the responsibility of each person to protect himself and his property by his own actions.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The rescue authority is responsible for planning and managing operations in the event of a flood, as well as rescue operations.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The ELY Centre is responsible for providing information about the risk of flooding, preparing for flooding before floods, and monitoring the use of the watershed.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

It is the responsibility of the municipality to protect its own structures and operations and to support rescue authorities in flood protection.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

The Finnish Environment Agency is responsible for preparing water forecasts, warnings and flood maps.


Question: What are the risks of flooding?

Flood

See also Glacier Lake Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:Key articles on screening *


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta (,) or Lakedaimon () was an ancient Greek city and city-state (polis).


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was located along the Eurotas River in the province of Lakonia, or Lakedaimonia (), in the southern part of the Peloponnese peninsula.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[1] [2] [3] [4] Today, the town of Spárd is located on the site of the town.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The old name of the town was derived from its mythical founder Lakedaimon.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The territory under the rule of the Spartan city-state later encompassed not only Lakonia but also Messenia.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The name Lakedaimon has been used to refer to a region consisting of the city of Sparta and towns under its rule; today Sparta can mean both.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[5] There was a major centre near Sparta as early as the Mycenaean Bronze Age between the 14th and 13th centuries BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The city was one of the leading Greek city-states around the period 700—500 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[6] It led the so-called Peloponnesian Federation, which included many other Greek cities.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

During the Peloponnese War of 431—404 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta's main enemy was Athens, with whom Sparta fought for Greek supremacy.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

After winning the war, Sparta again briefly gained the lead among the Greek city-states.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta lost its dominance in 371 BC, when its military might was definitively defeated.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Doorite Sparta was the most typical of Greece's supremacy states: a city-state whose form of government was ultimately downright oligarchic.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

However, the Spartan state order, the enactment of which according to tradition is associated with the name of Lykurgos, was the result of a long development.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[7] Sparta was a self-contained urban and military state, famous for its harsh and one-sided military education and army.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Its business life was dominated by farming and animal husbandry.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta did not engage in much commerce, nor did it have a mentionable craft industry or a significant contribution to the development of Greek cultural life.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[7] The name of Sparta often still symbolizes the “Spartan” simple and harsh way of life, as well as heroism and military glory.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[8] History Prehistory and mythology The area of Sparta has been inhabited no later than the Neolithic Stone Age.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Bronze Age, and especially the Mycenaean period, around 1400—1200 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

it developed into a major centre.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] In Greek mythology set in the Mycenaean period, the founder of Sparta was Lakedaimon, who was the son of Zeus.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] His consort was the daughter of the Eurotas river god Najadinymph Sparte.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[10] In myths, the city of Sparta appears as one of the three most significant centres of the Peloponnese, along with Mycene and Pylos.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta was the seat of King Menelaus and this consort, Helena, known for its beauty, where Mycenaea was ruled by Menelaus' elder brother Agamemnon.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Both were key warlords in the Trojan War, which originated when Paris took Helena with him to Troy.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

According to the narratives, the reign of the House of Menelaus lasted two more generations after the Trojan War.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Thereafter, the Doorese conquerors who arrived from the north, presented as descendants of Heracles, conquered the Peloponnese.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] The location of Mycenaean Sparta or the administrative centre of Lakonia at all is not entirely clear.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the past, it has often been assumed to have been located at Therapne about three kilometres east-southeast of the site of ancient Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

A complex of buildings known as Menelaion has been found there, including a Mycenaean palace and a settlement.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The palace had been built in the 15th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In antiquity, the site of Menelaion was a shrine dedicated to Menelaus and Helena, as the site was considered the burial site for these.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] [12] On the other hand, Pellana has also been proposed as Mycenaean Sparta some 30 km north of Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It has been found there as far back as the Early Helladic Period around 2500 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

originated settlement and graves, and might also be the site of a palace.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] [13] Between 2010 and 2015, a Mycenaean palace was excavated from Ágios Vasíleios about 12 kilometres south-southeast of Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Research suggests it had been built around the 14th—14th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[14] In the 13th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

most of Sparta's Mycenaean settlements were destroyed like other Mycenaean centres.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It is generally assumed that (somewhat in accordance with myths) the Doorites, who arrived from the north, conquered the Lakonian plain and Sparta around 950 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

from.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] In Spartan myths, Eurysthenes and Prokles appear as leaders of these.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

These serve as progenitors of Sparta's two king genera, the Agiads and the Eurypontids.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] Only Sparta and Amyklai seem to have remained continuously inhabited throughout the so-called dark centuries of Greece following the cultural breakdown.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] Archaic Period In the course of time, the Spartans took over all of Lakonia and subjugated the native inhabitants of the region, of whom the Spartans made slaves, heloths.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta initially consisted of four villages with names such as Pitana, Limnai, Mesoa and Kynosura.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Roughly 7th-century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

halfway through, the nearby village of Amyklai was also annexed to Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta seems to have been ruled by some sort of military elite at the time.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] [9] [11] 7th-century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

towards the end Sparta began expansion beyond the Lakonian Plain as well.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Around the year 720 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

it conquered the province of Messenia in the so-called First Messenian War.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The inhabitants of Messenia were also made heloths; the group of helots thereafter consisted mainly of Messenians.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

As Sparta's longtime main opponent in the Peloponnese, Argos was formed, which had held the lead in the region since the end of the Mycenaean period.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 669/668 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

the Spartans suffered defeat to Argos at the Battle of Hysiai.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Messenians rebelled against Spartan rule around the years 648—631 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the same century, Sparta also significantly reformed its statesmanship and laws, and the problems faced by the state may have been the cause of this.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] The reform of the Spartan statesmanship is attached to the name of Lykurgos, but the timing of this was uncertain even in antiquity.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

He may have lived in the 8th or 7th century BCE, but the statesmanship put in his name would not appear to have arisen until the late 6th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[15] In the 6th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Spartan army also adopted hoplite tactics.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] In the Archaic period, Sparta, like other Greek city-states, participated in establishing settlements.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Its settlements included Taras [11] and Thera, both founded in the 7th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Still in the 7th—5th centuries BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta participated in Greek cultural life, and the city produced ceramics, bronze works and ivory carvings, among others, which were also exported elsewhere.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Some of the artisans of that time appear to have been Spartan citizens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In addition, artisans and artists from other parts of Greece moved to the city.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

However, everything changed relatively quickly around the year 525 BCE, when trading elsewhere effectively ceased altogether.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] The same phenomenon can also be seen in the literature.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Still in the 6th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Tyrtaios, regarded as the city's national poet, lived in Sparta, who was writing patriotic poetry at the time of the Messenian Wars.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the same century, Alkman, who moved there from elsewhere, lived in Sparta, who is considered to be the founder of the choir.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

With the exception of these two poets of the Archaic period, ancient Sparta has almost left no marks in ancient literature.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta rose among the leading Greek states in the 5th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It sought to conquer Arkadia and fought here especially with its most prominent city Tegea.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 550 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta suffered a defeat to Tegea, but defeated this around 530 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 546/545 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta also eventually defeated Argos in the so-called Battle of 300, taking Kynuria, among others, which was located between Lakonia and Argol.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Contrary to the Heloths, with the new conquests, the so-called Perioics who lived in the frontier areas annexed to Lakonia remained free, but did not gain Spartan civil rights.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

At its widest extent, Spartan rule had an area of about 8500 square kilometers, making it the largest of the Greek city-states.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] During its hegemony, Sparta also sought to interfere with Boiotia and Samos, among others (525 BCE.)


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

affairs.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] In Athens, the Spartans were aided in 510 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

to overthrow the tyranny of the sons of Peisistratos.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] The Spartans also made military expeditions as far as North Africa and Sicily.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] The significance of Sparta in that period is also informed by the fact that Kroise, king of Lydia, entered into an alliance with it.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

5th century BCE


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

towards the end Sparta was already seeking to expand by alliance rather than warring.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 505 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

it founded the Peloponnesian Federation, to which it was until 500 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

By the time received a number of allied subjects, [2] most notable Corinth, Elis and Tegea.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The union survived until 365 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

until.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] The allies were other opponents of Argos, allowing Sparta to exploit its position as Argos's main enemy.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] When King Xerxes I of Persia invaded Greece, Sparta was seen as the clear leader of the Greeks in the Persian Wars that followed.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta aided Athens, although late for the Battle of Marathon still in 490 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

During the second invasion of the Persians in 480—479 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Spartan warlords often served as commanders of the entire Hellenic warforce.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] At the Battle of Thermopylai in 480 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The famous army of 300 Spartans as well as these allies fought against the superior Persian army under King Leonida.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the classical period after the Persian Wars, Sparta's leadership in the Greek world began to wane.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Under Athenian leadership, the Delos Maritime Union was established, which soon became a rival to the Sparta-led alliance.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

As a result, Sparta and Athens positioned themselves as the main opponents of power political, and were also seen ideologically as opposites of each other.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta increasingly turned inward towards the harsh lifestyle for which it has become known, and the city was relatively isolated from the rest of the world.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

One example was not only the disconnect of trade and cultural links, but also the use of iron money unfit elsewhere.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] At the same time around 480—460 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta also suffered another rebellion by the helots.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] Tegea rebelled against Spartan rule in 473—471 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 464 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

the earthquake killed a large number of Spartans, in connection with which the Messenians also rose up again in revolt.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

After the Third Messenian War, the Athenians colonized Messenians in Naupaktos.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Athenian and Spartan intervals deteriorated in the middle of the 4th century, and between 460 BCE and 445 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

the cities fought against each other in what is known as the First Peloponnesian War.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The early phase of the war is usually referred to as the War of Arkhidamos, after the Spartan king Arkhidamos.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The war ended with no clear winner.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the Peloponnesian War proper, which began in 431 BCE, Sparta warred with its allies Corinth and Thebes against Athens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 404 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta won Athens with the support of its allies and financed by the Persians.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] With the outcome of the Peloponnesian Wars, Sparta gained a lead among the Greek city-states for a short time.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] It tried to conquer the Greek cities of Ionia from Persian rule.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

However, Athens, as well as Thebes and Corinth, who had turned enemies of Sparta, started the Corinthian War against Sparta in 395 BCE, instigated by Persia.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The war ended in 387 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

with no clear winner.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Persian king acted as the guarantor of peace in Antalkida, which ended the war.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta soon drifted into war with Thebes and in 371 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Thebans defeated the Spartans at the Battle of Leuktra, marking the end of Sparta's military might once and for all.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] During the Theban hegemony that followed, the Thebans destroyed the Spartan Empire and freed Messenia and Arkadia from Spartan rule under Epameinonda.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 362 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Thebans defeated the Spartans again at the Battle of Mantineia.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Humiliated by these defeats, Sparta took no part in the struggle of Athens and Thebes against Philip II of Macedon and was the only Greek city not to participate in the League of Corinth established by Philip.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta attempted to rebel against Macedonia in 331 BC, but suffered defeat in the ensuing Battle of Megalopolii.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Hellenistic and Roman Period In the Hellenistic period, Sparta regressed and its population decreased considerably.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[4] As a result, its capacity for military action in accordance with its former reputation was also gone.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] In the 200th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta tried yet to increase its power and laid against Macedonia, but the city came under siege by the army of Pyrrhus in 272 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

At the same time, Sparta was weakening from within in attempts to reform its society.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] Macedonia and the new superpower of the Peloponnese, the Akhaian alliance, defeated Sparta at the Battle of Sellasia in 222 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 195 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

the city lost its perioic territory.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] Philopoimen conquered Sparta in 188 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

and forced it into the union of Achaia.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Union of Achaia was defeated by the Roman Empire in 146 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

and annexed the Peloponnese as part of the Roman province of Achaea.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the Roman period, Sparta revived as a city.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] In the 10th and 13th centuries divide.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

some of its classical period practices were aimed at reviving in a spirit of a kind of nostalgia.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Attempts were also made to develop the city as something of a centre for sport and body culture against the centre of philosophy education in Athens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[16] In 267 share.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta survived the invasion of the Heruls, but was destroyed in an attack by the Visigoths led by Alarik in 395 Jaa.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Subsequently, the town was almost completely abandoned.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] Later history In the Byzantine Middle Ages, the settlement of the region moved to the nearby fortified city of Mystras, or Mistra, which was the most significant centre of the entire Peloponnese.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

By the time of the 13th century to the 19th century, former Sparta had shrunk to a small village in the shadow of Mystras.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

After Greece gained independence, King Otto issued an edict in 1834 that the settlement of Mystras had to be moved to the site of Sparta, and the name of the town would become the same as in ancient times.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In Modern Greek form, it is known as Spárti.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the present day, Spárti is the administrative capital of the Lakonia regional unit and the centre of the economy, culture and farming of its neighbouring region.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Archaeological excavations of ancient Sparta, which have been carried out in and around the city's acropolis among others, began in 1892—1893.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They were originally conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, or the United States Archaeological School, under the direction of C. Waldstein.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 1906—1910, 1924—1928 and 1949, excavations were continued by the British School at Athens, or the British archaeological school in Athens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Since 1957 excavations have been carried out by the Greeks, as well as again by the British, among others, between 1992 and 1995.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[17] [18] Excavations have also been carried out elsewhere in the surrounding area, such as the Menelaion area, Amyklai and other sites of Mycenaean and antiquity.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Administration Statesmanship According to Spartan conception, the city's social order had been imposed by King Lykurgos, timed to the 10th—7th centuries BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[4] In reality, it probably evolved gradually.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[7] The statesmanship reached its established form in the 6th century BCE, [4] but was still put in its entirety in the name of Lykurgos.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The core of the Spartan statesmanship was the so-called Great Rhetra, which Lykurgos was reported to have received from the oracle of Delphi.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

This too dates the statesmanship most likely to the 6th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

for the rest.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[15] In statesmanship, power had been shared between the Spartan kings, the Council, or Gerusian, ephors, and the People's Assembly, or apella.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The purpose must have been to balance power between monarchy, aristocracy oligarchy and democracy, as Aristotle saw it.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[15] Sparta had two kings who served as supreme priests, judges, and warlords.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The model of the two kings reverted to the fact that Sparta had emerged as a merger of several villages.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Kingship was heritable.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

One of the kings always belonged to the lineage of Agiads (Agiadai) and the other to the lineage of Eurypontids (Eurypontidai).


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

One of the kings supplied the casualties of the state, the other in turn served as supreme chief in the war.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[4] Kings also supervised each other.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The power of kings was greatest precisely as warlords.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] Gradually their power was curtailed, but the commander-in-chief was maintained.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Spartan kings have included Lykurgos, kings of the order Prokles and Eurysthenes, and Leonidas.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The focus of power was on the Council of Elders, the Gerusia, as well as the Civil Service of the Five Ephors, which gradually gained ever greater power.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Gerusia was composed of kings as well as 28 overlords chosen for life at least 60 years of age, thus 30 men in total.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Gerusia had the high command of the state and always had veto power.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It also served as the Supreme Court.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The proposals made by the Council were voted on by the People's Assembly at the apella, which included all Spartans aged 30 and over, therefore free men.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The People's Assembly had no right of initiative, but it elected the Gerusian members and ephors, as well as endorsing or rejecting, without debate, the things Gerusian presented to it.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The ephors changed annually and served as the executive body.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[4] Two of the ephores went to war with the king.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] Ephors were added to the system possibly only at a later stage during the time of King Theopompus.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[15] Eventually these gained all the power of inspection in the state.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[7] The most famous of the ephores is the Spartan philosopher Khilon (ca.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

500 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

), considered one of the Seven Sages of Greece.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta was considered a haven of olderness in Greece.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Statesmanship possibly contributed to the fact that the state was slow to make decisions, particularly with regard to its foreign policy.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] Society was also very authoritarian and totalitarian in practice.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The people lived clearly for the state.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the old days, the state usually meant everything, the individual nothing, and this thinking had developed in Sparta to its peak.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Some have anachronistically suggested that Sparta would even have been the first communist state.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

However, this interpretation is unnecessarily simplified.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Army of Sparta was by far the best trained army in ancient Greece.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Always from the 5th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

3rd-century BCE


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

until the mids, the Spartan army caused fear and respect in its opponents.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta was the only Greek city-state to maintain a standing army.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The army was formed by the free men of the city, or Spartan citizens, who devoted their lives to military training and warring.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Spartan hoplites were equipped with long spears, circular shields marked with lambda letters, as well as helmets on the basis of which the helmets of Roman legionaries were later designed.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Spartan soldiers were also known for their long hair.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The soldiers were not equipped with strong armour like the hoplites of other Greek cities; their outfit was a blood-red chiton, which was considered the most manly in colour and, moreover, the blood stood out badly from it.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[19] The population of the Spartan people consisted of many different groups of people.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Spartan citizens were referred to as homoioi (equals) or spartiatai.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

These formed the Doorite upper class, who had come to the country as conquerors, and were the only full citizens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They got their livelihoods from their farms.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Under the Spartan state order, farmlands had been divided among citizens into equal parcels, which were not to be bought or sold.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In farming, all the work was done by state-owned helots (heilōtes), serfs.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

This oppressed group was formed from the original inhabitants of Lakonia and Messenia.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Heloots were also used as crews in the army.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Spartans had to fear all the time of the Heloths rebellion.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

On the other hand, the existence of helots freed citizens to devote themselves to life-long military training.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The third important group were the Perioiks (perioikoi), who were free but lacked Spartan civil rights.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Perioics lived in other Lakonian city-states; also the group's name suggests that they “lived around (Sparta)”.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They were merchants, craftsmen and farmers, and thus operated in occupations that were not considered suitable for free Spartans.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

There were equal numbers of Spartans and perioques in the Spartan army.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Other populations included mothakes, who were children of poor Spartans or children of a Spartan father and heloot mother who had received a Spartan upbringing; the skiritai, a group comparable to the perioikes, whose members lived in northern Lakonia along the Arkadian border; and neodamodeis who were exempt helots who had served in the Spartan army as hoplites.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They were notably performed during the Peloponnesian War and the Persian War Expedition of Agesilaos.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Below Spartan citizens were other inferior groups such as hypomeiones (inferiors), tresantes (cowards) and nothoi (bastards).


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

One other group were the trophimoi, who were children of foreigners who had received a Spartan education.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[20] [5] There were people who had migrated from elsewhere in Sparta (xenoi), but especially later these were not as welcome as elsewhere in Greece, and these were met with great suspicion.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] The number of Spartan citizens decreased significantly during the historical period.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The proportion of women in the public is difficult to estimate, but they may have been the majority because men were always killed in battle and Spartans tended to kill boy children who did not meet the criteria prescribed by the law.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the Archaic period, there were 9000 men of Spartan citizens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 479 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

there were about 8000 of them, 5000 of whom took part in the Battle of Plataia.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

According to Herodotus, every Spartan who took part in the battle had seven helots with him as servants.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

This can be taken as an indication of the relative number of Spartans and helots.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

According to one estimate, Lakonia and Messenia were inhabited in the 4th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

55000 people, 18000 of whom were free citizens and members of their families.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Lakonia and Messenia would thus have been the least populated area in the Peloponnese.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[5] In 371 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta was able to send about 7000 more troops against Thebes.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

400 of them fell at the Battle of Leuktra.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

According to Aristotle, there were Spartans around the year 330 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

no more than a thousand.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In 244 BC.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

there were only 700 spartans left.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

One of the causes of Sparta's problems can be considered that strict social order and wars led to a decrease in the number of citizens and at the same time soldiers.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

As a result, soldiers came to be hired from other social classes, which nevertheless led to loyalty and other problems when there was no other social mobility in society to provide these soldiers.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] Spartan citizens were divided into different age groups as follows: paides — paidiscoes aged 7—17 — Hebontes aged 18—19 — Gerontes aged 20—29 — Culture over 60 years of age Culture Spartan upbringing All male Spartans went through rigorous educational and an exercise program that became known as agoge.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Training included activities such as military skills, hunting, hiding and dancing.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Spartan boy was only allowed to be in his home until the age of seven, but even before that he was raised in a peculiar way.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Babies weren't swaddled to allow body members to develop better.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They were accustomed to the dark and loneliness.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

At the dinner table, neither whimsy nor tricks were allowed.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Boys were taught to speak briefly and nasevously.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

This kind of thing is called even more laconic speech.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

At the age of seven, boys were taken into state custody to attend boarding schools.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They were divided into groups based on age.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The main thing was to learn to obey, endure and win.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The boys had their hair shaved and had any footwear confiscated.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They walked in thin clothes and barefoot all year round.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

From the age of twelve, boys began to be given capes.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

On holidays, they were allowed to bathe.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The whip streaked at the minimum infringement.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Meals were intentionally scarce so that the boys would steal their food and learn cunning.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

If they were caught, they were flogged, not because they had stolen, but because they had been inept and caught.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Various manhood trials were held for the boys.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

A flogging ceremony was held at the shrine of Artemis Orthia, where, for example, cheese was to be stolen from the altar, watched by other young men with whips and staves as weapons.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sometimes the experiment turned into an endurance test where aspirants might be whipped half to death.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

A remarkable experiment in manhood was crypteia (“slumming”), in which boys first had to hide for a certain period of time on their own in the countryside and then go hunting for the least suspicious-looking helots.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

At least one helot was to be killed.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In this way, efforts were made not only to provide military training, but also to nip heloot rebellions in the bud.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Gymnopaidiai was a celebration where naked youths performed war dances.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In addition to body exercises, the boys were taught only to read, write and sing choral songs.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Choral singing promoted punctuality in the military corps.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Given the upbringing focused on physical exercises, it's no wonder the Spartans excelled at the Olympian Games.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Boarding schools, boys left when they were 18.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

They stayed until they were 20 with the heloths.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

After this, barracks life in military camps began.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It lasted from the age of 20 until he was 30, after which the man was allowed to move in with his family.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Until the age of 60, the man belonged to the military corps.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

A Spartan soldier may have carried seven helots, or slaves, on expeditions.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Spartan girls were also taken from their mothers at the age of seven and placed in training.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The girls were taught wrestling, gymnastics, were taught to fight, and were introduced to many other martial arts, as it was believed that strong women would produce strong children.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Young women competed (fought) against each other in various events likely without clothing like the Spartan boys.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

If they passed various tests, they were prescribed a husband at the age of 18—20 years.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Ways Plenipotentiary Spartans dine together.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The main and only dish was the famous black soup (melas zomos).


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It likely contained pig blood and flesh, as well as vinegar and salt.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Everyone took care of the cost himself.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[21] Preparations for the wedding day included women, among other things, dressing in man's clothes and cutting their hair short.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The wedding itself consisted of a ritual battle between a man and a woman.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It ended with the man “robbing” the woman with him and throwing her on her shoulder.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Men and women did not live together when they were under 30.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The freedom of Spartan women was considerably greater than that of other contemporaries, as they had no trouble having children anymore after they turned seven.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Women were allowed to move more freely than other Greek women.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Women were also allowed to own private property, which they had obtained, for example, by inheritance and dowry.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the end, women owned up to 2/5 of the Spartan lands.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] The Spartans were very religious and adhered to religious laws and customs strictly.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

This was reflected, among other things, in the fact that the Spartan army did not move in any bad situation if an important religious celebration approached.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Among the greatest religious celebrations was the Karneia celebrated in honour of Apollon, because of which the army was completely late for the Battle of Marathon and participated in the Battle of Thermopylai with only a small and famous contingent of 300 soldiers.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[9] [22] Another notable celebration was Hyakinthia [22] and the third Gymnopaidiai.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[23] Buildings and findings General view Sparta was located in the fertile valley of the Eurotas River in an area protected by the mountains.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

On the west side of the Lakonian Plateau is Mount Taygetos and on the east side is Mount Parnon.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

On the south side, the hill line separates the plain from the coast of the Lakonian Gulf and although it was not difficult to cross, at the same time mentally encloses the city to the hinterland.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[11] After all, the sea was not a particularly important factor in the history of the city.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Sparta was not originally protected, like other Greek cities, by a city wall.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Even in the Archaic and Classical periods, it was otherwise different from other Greek cities as the lack of walls removed the need to live in a tightly built city of narrow streets.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The core area of the city-state consisted of joined villages and scattered houses located west of Eurotas, surrounded by fields and vegetable gardens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Here and there were temples, shrines and public buildings.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the centre of the area was the agora, or market, and near it the acropolis, or castle mountain.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] [4] [3] Sparta consisted of four villages which were Pitana, Limnai, Mesoa and Kynosura.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] The plateau had six hills, the highest of which served as an acropolis.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[17] It was located roughly in the middle of the villages.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The best of the city is the theatre on the south slope of the acropolis preserved.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Also known from the Acropolis is the site of Athene Khalkioikos temple, among others.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] The agora was probably located immediately east of the acropolis, where buildings suitable for this have been found, such as the so-called Persian stoa and Skias.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[24] In addition, the places of the sanctuary of Artemis Orthia and Menelaion are also known.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In Sparta, the tombs were partially located in the area of the settlement, while in other parts of Greece they were outside the cities.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] The town's port was located in Gytheion on the shores of the Gulf of Lakonia about 48 kilometres to the south.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] Relatively few remains have survived from ancient Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

As Thukydides predicted at the beginning of his Peloponnesian war, Sparta and its importance cannot be judged in our time by the magnitude of the ruins it leaves, like Athens, for example.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[25] Furthermore, most of the remaining ruins date from buildings of the Hellenistic and Roman period, and so do not give an image of the more illustrious Classical Period Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In addition to excavations, the ancient city of Sparta is known from the description of Pausania from the 10th century ja.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

in the book Description of Greece (Book III).


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Other objects in the Spartan region are mainly in the Spárti Archaeological Museum, as well as in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Notable buildings and structures in Sparta included (letters and numbers refer to a schematic figure): A. Acropolis B. Agora C. Pitana D. Mesoa E. Limnai F. Kynosura Athene Temple of Khalkioikos Artemis Orthian Shrine Theatre Skias Persian stoa Roman stoa Leonida tomb Heroon Bridge (Babyka?)


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Hellenistic City Wall St. Nikon Basilica Church Menelaion, or Palace of Menelaus/Sanctuary of Menelaus and Helena, The Acropolis Sparta's Acropolis, or castle mountain, was a relatively small hill some 25 metres higher than its surroundings, located in the centre of the four villages of Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

According to Pausania, Sparta did not even have an actual acropolis like other cities, but the Spartans gave this name to the highest of the city's hills.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[26] There is likely to have been a wall around the Acropolis Lae.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] The Temple of Athene Khalkioikos at the top of the Acropolis was located in Athene Khalkioikos or Athene Poliukhus, that is, the Athena goddess who protects the city, which derives its name from its bronze decoration.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

There was a shrine on its site as early as the 7th century BCE at the latest.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The temple was rebuilt in the 5th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] [17] The temple probably represented the Doorian style.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The site of the temple is known, but relatively few remains of it have survived.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Near the temple was its altar, with two statues of the warlord Pausania and statues of Aphrodite Ambologera and the brothers Uni and Death.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] Other shrines around the temple of Athene Khalkioikos had a wider sanctuary area, or temenos, with other shrines as well.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

On the hill were the shrine of Athene Ergane, the temple of Zeus Kosmeta, the statue of Zeus Hypatos sculpted by Learkhos Rhegionese, the temple of Ares Areia, the temple of the muses, the tomb of Tyndareus, the temple of Artemis Knagia, and two stoas, the so-called southern and western toas.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

On the slope facing the agora to the acropolis was the temple of Optiletis or Ofthalmitis erected by Lykurgos.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] Theatre On the southern slope of the Acropolis housed a theatre that had been built in the early Imperial Roman period.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was a typical semi-arc-shaped Greek theatre with a circular orkhestra in the centre.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The building was made of white marble.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The stage was not fixed, but wooden and equipped with wheels, so it could be moved to the site if necessary.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The theatre has been fairly poorly preserved, but it is still the best-preserved ruins of ancient Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Numerous commercial buildings have been found near the theatre building that have served theatre guests.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[18] [27] Basilica Church Built in the Middle Ages the Basilica church was located on an ancient acropolis to the east of the theatre.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was built in the Middle Byzantine period in the 9th century Share., and is the most significant medieval find in the area of old Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The basilica was three-ship and had nartheks and portiques at its western end and an apsis at its eastern end.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The church was dedicated to Saint Nikon, patron saint of the locality.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[28] The Agora Agora, or market, was probably located immediately east of the acropolis.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was, like other Greek agoras, surrounded by columned halls and public buildings.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Public buildings included, among other things, the meeting place of the gerusian, or council of elders, and the gathering places of ephors, nomophylaws and bidiai.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] On the western edge of the Agora on the slope of the acropolis were presumably located the Skias as well as the Persian stoa, and on its southern edge a long Roman stoa.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[24] Skias Skias was one of the most prominent public, government-related buildings in the city.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was built in the 5th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

and was in use as a gathering place still during the Pausania period.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[24] [29] It is assumed to be Skias a circular building found on the western edge of the agora, which was about 41.3 metres in diameter and possibly resembled to some extent the Tholo of the Athenian Agora.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[18] [24] Persian stoa Persian stoa (Persikē Stoa), or columned hall, was built in the 4th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

in honour of the victory gained in the Persian Wars.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was the most spectacular building in the agora.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The Stoa was decorated with columns showing the Persians, and the spoils of war obtained in the war were placed there.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Later, the building was frequently renovated and expanded, and was still in good condition when Pausania visited the city.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[30] A pillared hall found on the western edge of the agora, north of Skias, is assumed to be a Persian stoa.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It has been dug up from a distance of about 31 metres.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[24] Other public buildings and shrines according to Pausania, near Skias was a circular building built by Epimenide with statues of Zeus and Aphrodite of Olympus.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] [29] On the Agora were also the old Ephoria, which formerly served as a gathering place for the ephores, containing the tombs of Epimenide and Afareus; the temple of the Moirs, or fathars; a large statue which presented the people of Sparta; the tomb of Oreste; a statue of King Polydoros; and a child bearing Dionysus A statue presented by Hermes from Agoraio.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] [30] In the Roman period, the agora had statues of Julius Caesar and Augustus.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] Khoros was a place separated from the rest of the agora where Spartan youngsters danced in honour of Apollon at the Gymnopaidiai banquet.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was decorated with statues of Apollon, Artemi and Leto.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Near Khoros were the temples of Apollon, as well as Ga (Gen, or Earth), Zeus Agoraios, Athene Agoraia, Poseidon Asphaleios and Hera.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] Environment of the Agora and the Acropolis The roads leaving the Agora and their buildings from the Agora left roads to different parts of the city.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The main road was Afetais, oriented south from the agora towards the southern city wall.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Along it were the house of King Polydoros, also known as Booneta because the state bought it from the king's widow with a few oxen; the building of bidiai; the temple of Athene Keleutheia; the shrine of Poseidon Tainarios; a place called Hellenios, where the Greeks were said to have gathered either before the Trojan War or the Persian Wars; the altar of Acreita of Apollo; the Gaseption consecrated to the land; and the statue of Maleate of Apollo.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Also located along the street were Fruria and its temple to Artemi; the tomb of Iamiadai of the Eleans; the shrines of Maron and Alpheios who fell in Thermopylai; the temple of Zeus Tropaios; the Heroons of Hippolytus and Aulon; the Temple of the Mother of the Gods and the shrine of Arsinoe.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Near the city wall were still the temple of Artemis Diktynna and the tombs of kings of the Eurypontid family.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] [29] Another road was the road that led to the northeast known as Skias, which originated with the Skias building of the agora.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In its direction were, among others, the tombs of Kynorta, Kastor, Idas and Lynkeus; the temple of Kore Soteira; the temple of Carneios of Apollo; a statue of Aphetaios of Apollo; an altar dedicated to Zeus, Athena and Dioscures; a place called Kolona, most likely a hill, and its Dionysus The Temple of Kolonatas; the Temple of Zeus Euanemos; the Temple of Hera of Argos; the Temple of Hera Hyperkheiria, which featured an old, wooden statue of Aphrodite Hera; and a statue of Hetoimocles, who won at the Olympic Games.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] [29] The third road led west from the agora and passed by the theatre to the tomb of the kings of the House of Agiads.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Between the Agora and the theatre there was a tomb in Brasida.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In front of the theatre was the tomb of the warlord Pausania.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The fourth road was the road of the Hyakinthia feast, which led to Amyklai.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] In the direction of Pitana were, among others, the widow of Crotans, the place of assembly; the tomb of Tainaros; the shrines of Poseidon Hippocurios and Aiginian Artemi; the temple of Artemis Issoria or Limnaia; and the temples of Theti, Demeter Khthonia, Serapis and Zeus of Olympus.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Leonida's Tomb The tomb of King Leonida, or Leonidaion, was located in front of the theatre like the tomb of the warlord Pausania.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Leonida's tomb is referred to as the ruins of a small temple-like building in the centre of present-day Spárti.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The building was made in the 4th-century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

towards the end, that is, its timing corresponds to the time when Leonida's body was brought to Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

However, the actual use of the building has not been able to confirm.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[31] Babyka and Knakion Babyka (or Babyks) and Knakion were places known from literary sources, in the area between which, according to the Spartan state form, the People's Assembly of apella gatherings were held.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

According to one interpretation, Babyka was a bridge that crossed Eurotas and a tributary of Eurotas flowed south of the town of Knakio.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[32] In fact, the places in question defined pretty much the area in which the Spartan agora and other public buildings were mainly located.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

More distant buildings The shrine of Artemis Orthia dedicated to Artemis Orthia was located on the eastern edge of the city near the banks of Eurotas.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The sanctuary included the temple of Artem, built in the 7th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

and was remodeled around 570 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The shrine is particularly known for its bloody ceremony, which involved the flogging of youngsters.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In the Roman period, a semi-arc-shaped theatre grandstand was built on the sanctuary grounds where flogging could be followed.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] Menelaion Menelaion is located about three kilometres east-southeast of ancient Sparta.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The site was home to a megaron palace in the Mycenaean period, the so-called Palace of Menelaus, which had been built in the 15th century BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

A settlement has also been found in the area as well as graves.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

In antiquity, there was a shrine dedicated to Menelaos and Helena on the site, as the site was considered a burial place for these.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Dromos Dromos was the most prominent sporting venue in the city.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It included a stadium and a gymnasion built by Eurykle, as well as an amphitheatre built in the Roman period.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Dromos had a statue of Heracles.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Near it were the temples of Dioscurs, Kharites, Eileithyia, Carneios of Apollo and Artemis Hegemone, as well as statues of Asklepios Agnita and Dioscurs, the temple of the Heroon of Alkon and the Domatite of Poseidon.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[3] [33] The city wall in Sparta of the Archaic and Classical periods did not have a city wall.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Instead, the city relied on its army.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The construction of the city wall did not begin until the fold of the Classical and Hellenistic periods in the 3rd century BCE, when Sparta's military might had gone.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

It was completed around the year 184 BCE.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

The length of the wall was about 10 kilometres and an area of about 3 x 2 kilometres was left inside it.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

[2] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Brummer, O. J.| title = Book of Information — General Information for postgraduate students| number = Greece| publisher = WSOY| year = 1941| version = I part| page = 220—222}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Furuhagen, Hanuhagen, S| title = Focus Art part 1 — Art history — world art from antiquity to modern| number = Sparta| publisher = Otava| year = 1973| version=2. p.| id = ISBN 951-1-00336-4| page = 802}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hansen, Mogens Herman et.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

al.| title = An inventory of archaic and classical poleis| publisher = Oxford University Press| year = 2004| id = ISBN 9780198140993}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Plutarkhos| title = Lykurgos: Spartan legislator| others = Translated by Kalle Suuronen| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1942}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Whitby, Michael (ed.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

) | title=Sparta| publisher = Edinburgh University Press| year = 2002| id=ISBN 0-7486-1293-9}} References on the topic elsewhere — History, beliefs and culture of ancient Sparta Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When was the Spartan Empire established?

Sparta

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

The history of technology describes the evolution of the tools and methods that man has used to survive in nature, defend himself, shape his environment, entertain himself, and communicate with other people.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

The use of the technique was initiated by earlier human species who managed to pass on knowledge from generation to generation.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

Knowledge accumulation was initially slow and only after agriculture began, groups of people grew large enough to form a wider division of labour.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

Through farming and artificial irrigation, ancient high cultures emerged independently of each other in the Middle East, the American mainland and China.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

Building ships boosted trade, and through that ideas spread faster.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

After the invention of metals, it was possible to make more durable tools and machines.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

Despite the upheavals of society, such as the destruction of the Roman Empire, technical knowledge could be preserved and knowledge continued.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

After the scientific revolution, engineering became an auxiliary to science, and science an auxiliary to engineering.


Question: What has been used to store information after manual punch cards?

History of technology

[1] This combination enabled Europe and England at the forefront to establish for some time tech-industrial superiority over the rest of the world.