Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

After Teplitz Therese Malfat, Beethoven became acquainted with Bettina Brentano, an intelligent young woman who was also a friend of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, a writer admired by Beethoven.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Brentano arranged a correspondence and meeting between the two artists, which took place at the Teplitz Baths in Bohemia in July 1812.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven and Goethe were so different in nature that they did not become true friends.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Goethe said of Beethoven: According to the narrative, Beethoven and Goethe met the emperor and empress on a day walk, whereupon Goethe bowed to them, but Beethoven just walked with his hands behind his back without stopping.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[38] Beethoven declared, “Goethe likes too much of the court climate — more than is appropriate for a poet.” Neither suggested another appointment again.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Around the same time, Beethoven left for Linz, where he concluded his 7th Symphony and began his 8th.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

of his symphony.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[36] [39] The last years of the years 1813—1819 were not very prolific for Beethoven.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He was plagued by financial and personal worries.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

There was a four-year-long legal battle over the copyright of his only work completed in 1813, the Wellington Victory, as the work was originally composed for a newly invented panharmonicon, whose developer Mälzel was the other party to the dispute.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Finally, in 1817, they came to an agreement after spending a lot of money and forces.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In 1819, Beethoven had already become almost completely deaf, and he could no longer hear speech or music.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[40] In 1814, Beethoven composed Fidelio for the third time, when the work finally achieved success.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Deafened, Beethoven made his last public appearance as a pianist in 1814.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Even before this, some other pianists first performed his piano works.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

These included former pupils Ferdinand Ries and Carl Czerny, among others.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Even after this, however, he conducted his symphonies in benefit concerts.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[41] A legal battle over the custody of the nephew Beethoven's older younger brother Caspar Carl died on November 15, 1815.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In his will, the brother had played Ludwig as the guardian of his son Carl.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

However, a testament addition, which Beethoven believed his sister-in-law Johanna had made without Caspar's knowledge, determined that guardianship would be handled jointly by an uncle and the child's mother.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[39] [42] Beethoven sought to take full care of the boy himself and spent plenty of time and money on this.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He drafted a petition to transfer patronage to him alone.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In 1816, he got Karl for himself.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He immediately began looking for Karl at a boarding school where he would be safe from Johanna's attempts to take her.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[42] [43] Beethoven tried to claim Johanna had poisoned her husband.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

After this, he got it into his head that he was the biological father of Karl himself.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

At times he tried to block all contact with each other between Karl and Johanna, while sometimes he would take Karl to see his mother or arrange a meeting in his apartment.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[44] The relationships between the composer and the nephew were very turbulent.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Karl didn't like that Beethoven was furious with his mother.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[45] He regarded his uncle as a boring old man who did not at all understand that music and literature could not mean everything in life.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven, for his part, found that the nephew's personality didn't live up to his expectations.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He had hoped to have a cultured child in his care, with whom he could have discussed music, philosophy, poetry and politics.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Karl, on the contrary, showed at an early age a strong tendency to gambling and drunkenness rather than art.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[45] In January 1818, Beethoven finally decided to take Karl in.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[46] In September, he received permission to send Karl as a boarding student to the Royal Imperial Convikt.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In December, Karl ran off to live with his mother.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[46] Johanna made another plea.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He complained that he had been unlawfully deprived of his rights, and that it would be irreparable harm to Karl if Karl was left in Beethoven's care.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[46] In early 1819 Johanna was granted patronage rights.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[46] As his last resort, Beethoven drafted a memorandum invoking the influence of his mighty friends such as Archbishop Rudolph.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He presented it beforehand to two of the judges who dealt with the counterclaim.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The court finally gave in to Beethoven in April 1820, appointing him and Karl's teacher as guardians.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[46] Last compositions In 1818 Beethoven composed a Hammerlavier piano sonata.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The following year he began composing his late masterpieces from the Missa solemni, the last three piano sonatas (Nos. 30—32) and the Ninth Symphonies.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The Ninth Symphony premiered there in May 1824.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven is reported to have tried vigorously to conduct the orchestra alongside the actual conductor (Ignaz Umlauf) without hearing anything about the playing.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The casserole drum portion of the second part had to be interrupted briefly to applause from the audience.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

After the performance, the audience tumultuously celebrated their hero at the height of its popularity, but Beethoven himself only discovered this when the alto soloist, a young Caroline Unger, grabbed him by the hand and turned him to face the audience.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[47] In 1825—1826, Beethoven composed his late string quartets, which remained as his last works as well.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

They were watershed works whose daring and unique style had been taken beyond what many could understand.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Death and funeral In 1826, the intervals between Beethoven and Karl became even worse.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Karl could not bear Beethoven's constant paternalism and on July 31, 1826, he attempted suicide by gunshot.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[48] Hearing Karl had attempted suicide, Beethoven became distracted and followed all stages of this recovery.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

When Anton Schindler scolded Beethoven for being too gentle with a boy who had never caused him anything but grief, Beethoven replied: “I just want what is best for him.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

If I abandon him now, something terrible could happen”.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Compositional work was interrupted on several occasions by the composer's ever-deteriorating health.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He was soon diagnosed with dropsy and jaundice, and suffered severe pains.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In his final months, he is also suspected to have suffered from severe cirrhosis of the liver.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven's liver had been damaged even earlier from drinking leaden alcohol.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[24] On his sickbed, Beethoven was still acquainted with Händel's works, enjoying some of Schubert's songs sung by the young soprano, reading short editions of the Ninth Symphony, and talking about composing his Tenth Symphony.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

After welcoming in early 1827, another shock awaited Beethoven: Karl, whom he had always wanted close to, joined the army.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In bidding farewell, Beethoven had an inkling that he would never see Karl again.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

On March 24, 1827, Beethoven fell into a coma and died two days later.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[49] In his closet were found Heiligenstadt's will, a letter to the “Immortal Beloved” and several portraits of women.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In his will, he ordained Karl as his sole heir.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

A letter to the Immortal Beloved is likely written in Teplitz in 1812.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

There is no mention of who the “Immortal Beloved” was.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Antonie Brentano and Josephine Brunsvik, among others, have been suggested as a target.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven's funeral was held in Vienna on 29 March.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

They were attended by about 20,000 people and included many celebrities in the funeral cortege, including Franz Schubert [50].


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven is buried in Vienna's Zentralfriedhof, where many other composers have subsequently received the final resting place around him.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Music Beethoven went down in history as a remarkable composer whose reputation soon grew legendary.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

His influence extended to almost all composers who followed him, especially Schubert, Richard Wagner, Franz Liszt, and the great composers of the late Romantics.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

There has been plenty of debate as to whether Beethoven represented classicism or romanticism.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[51] During the composer's lifetime, the terms in question did not even exist, but were coined afterwards to define different styles of old music.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Style Beethoven's style is based on contrasts, harmonious inventions and surprising turns, Sturm und Drang intellectual dramatics or bright classicism and refined motif technique.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He created extensive architectural structures for his works in accordance with the ideals of classicism.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In the slow sections of his compositions, the melodies might be poetic, beautiful and memorable.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven was particularly fond of orchestral and piano music, to which he devoted much of his career, but he also created notable vowel works such as the opera Fidelio and Missa solemnis.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In them, he treats the human voice like any instrument with disregard for the limitations of the sound industry.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[14] Reforms Beethoven's works were in many ways larger than their predecessors.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

They were longer and more complex and often required a large orchestra.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The final section of the Ninth Symphony lasts nearly 25 minutes, which alone matches the usual Mozart or Haydn symphony in length.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The presentation of the parts, and in particular their concluding coda, was also longer than previously thought.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

As a result of the merger of the larger orchestra and the composer's style, Beethoven's music sounds very powerful compared to earlier works of classicism.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In Beethoven's works, rhythm might have a central motive meaning.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Rhythm patterns are often powerful and explicit, and for example, the main theme of the first parts of the Third, Fifth and Ninth Symphonies, and particularly the closing sections of the Third and Seventh Symphonies, is more rhythmic than melodic.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

With the help of rhythms, the composer was often able to push forward the development of a theme through the introduction of new chords and harmonies without suffering the unity of the piece.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

It enabled him to integrate more broadly the various details of his themes with each other.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The sonata form further developed by Beethoven served as a benchmark for future composer knees.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In Beethoven's sonata form, the introduction had greater significance than previously thought.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

He treated his works more as cohesive ensembles than before, and he first prepared an ensemble in his head, after which honed the details to paraphrase it.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[14] He used the initial motif he invented in his works, from which, as if unnoticed, motifs and themes are created throughout the work.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Thus, all the origins of the themes in the work can be derived back to the initial motif.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

For example, the first verses of the Eighth Symphony create thematic material for the entire symphony.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The famous four-tune motif of the first part of the Fifth Symphony is repeated in variations throughout the section.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven may sometimes have linked several works to each other by the initial motif as well.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Production Beethoven's extensive production includes about 220 works.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

138 works have their own opus number; in addition, without an opus number, there are 80 works which are later separately numbered and denoted by the symbol WoO (Werke ohne Opuszahl).


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The production can be roughly divided into three seasons: [52] the early period is characterized by a distinctly discernible Mozart and Haydn influence; the middle, mature period crystallised his own style called “heroic”.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

In the late period, his works were elaborate and individual in the extreme, and often described as sublime and transcendental.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven's most notable works include nine symphonies (besides the tenth unfinished), five piano concertos, a violin concerto, string quartets (especially the last six), piano sonatas, piano work Diabelli variations, opera Fidelio, and the Mass Missa solemnis.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

The best known of the symphonies are the Third (Eroica), Fifth (Symphony of Destiny), Sixth (Pastoral Symphony), Seventh and Ninth (Choral Symphony).


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

[53] The most famous of the piano sonatas are No 8 (Patetic Sonata), No.14 (Moonlight Sonata), No.21 (Waldstein Sonata), No 23 (Appassionata) and No 29 (Hammerklavier Sonata).


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven's works include a set of melodies that are known to almost everyone.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

These include at least the piano pieces Für Elise (bagatelli in a minor) and Abschied vom Klavier (Farewell to the Piano), the beginning of the first part of the Fifth Symphony and the theme of the last part of that symphony, and the ending theme of the Ninth Symphony (An die Freude).


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Among the themes of piano sonatas, especially the slow parts of sonatas Nos 8 and No. 14 are also highly known melodies.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

List of works Compositions Stage works Ballets Prometheus op. 43 Operas Fidelio, opera op. 72c Play-music music for numerous plays (including Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Egmont op. 84) Symphonies No. 1 in C major op. 21 No. 2 D major op. 36 No. 3 in ES major Eroica Symphony op. 55 No. 4 in B major op. 60 No. 5 C minor The Symphony of Destiny op. 67 No. 6 F major Pastoral Symphony op. 68 No. 7 A major op. 92 No. 8 F major op. 93 No. 9 in D minor op. 125 (sometimes used Ode an die Freude, Ode to Joy) Concertos Piano Concerto No. 1 in C major op. 15 Piano Concerto No. 2 in B major op. 19 Piano Concerto No. 3 in C minor op. 37 Romance No. 1 for Violin and Orchestra in G major op. 40 Romance No. 2 for Violin and Orchestra in F major op. 50 Concerto for Piano, Violin and Cello (Triple Concerto) in C major Op. 56 Piano Concerto No. 4 in G major op. 58 Violin Concerto in D major op. 61 Piano Concerto No. 5 in ES major Emperor's Concerto op. 73 Overtures Coriolanus op. 62 Leonore Overture No. 1 op. 138 Leonore Overture No. 2 cr. 72a No. 1 Leonore Overture No. 3 cr. 72a No. Fidelio Overture op. 72b (included in the opera Fidelio) String quartets miniature|Upright|Beethoven's Tomb in Vienna.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

No. 7—9 Razumovski Quartets op. 59 No. 10 E major Harp Quartet op. 74 No. 11 in F minor op. 95 No. 12 in ES major op. 127 No. 13 in B major op. 130 No. 14 Cis minor op. 131 No. 15 in A minor op. 132 No. 16 in F major op. 135 Grosse Fuge (Great Fugue) B major op. 133 (originally Final in quartet No. 13) Change chamber music Septetto for clarinet, horn, bassoon and string quartet in ES major op. 20 Violin Sonata No. 5 F major Spring sonata op. 24 Violin Sonata No 9 in A major Kreutzer Sonata op. 47 Piano Trio No. 6 in B major Archduke Trio op.. 97 Piano Sonatas Three Sonatas in WoO.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

47 No. 8 C minor Patetic Sonata Op. 13 No. 14 Cis minor Moonlight Sonata op. 27 No. 2 No. 15 D major Pastoral Sonata op. 28 No. 17 D minor Storm Sonata op. 31 No. 2 No. 21 C major Waldstein Sonata Op. 53 No. 23 F minor Appassionata Sonata Op. 57 No. 57 URI Farewell Sonata op. 81a no. 29 B major Hammerklavier Sonata op. 106 No. 32 in C minor op. 111 Other piano music Diabelli variations op. 120 numerous other variations, bagatelles (e.g.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Für Elise), rondos, characteristic pieces and others.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Choral works Fantasia for piano, choir and orchestra in C minor (so called. Choral fantasy) op. 80 Oratorio Christus am Ölberge (Christ on the Mount of Olives) for soloists, choir and orchestra op. 85 Mass in C major for soloists, choir and orchestra op. 86 Mass in D major for soloists, choir and orchestra op. 123 Missa solemnis numerous songs a cappella, cantatas, folk song adaptations, canons, scherzi musicali (musical gags) and others.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Basile, Marianne| title = Greatmen.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Beethoven| location = Tampere| publisher = Ruutu| year = 1984| version = (I Protagonist della Civiltà, Beethoven, 1982.)


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Translated by Kristian Björg| isbn = 951-9218-25-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Brown, Pam| title = Ludwig van Beethoven| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1996| version = (Ludwig van Beethoven, 1993.)


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Translated by Sirkka Salonen| isbn = 951-0-21223-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Matthews, Denis| title = Beethoven| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1991 (2nd edition 2002) | version = (Beethoven, 1985.)


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Translated by Riitta Kauko| isbn = 951-1-10797-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = May, Robin| title = Beethoven| location = Helsinki| publisher = January| year = 1991| version = (Beethoven, 1990.)


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Translated by Riitta Kallas| isbn = 951-30-9768-4}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mathew, Nicholas| title = Political Beethoven| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 2013| isbn = 978-1-107-00589-1| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

Musical samples Piano Sonata No. 8, C minor (Patetic); 1st and 2nd part info Piano Concerto No. 4; 1st part info Piano Concerto No. 4; 2nd part info Symphony No. 5 (Symphony of Destiny) Part 1 — Allegro con brio info Symphony No. 5; Part 2 — Andante con moto info Symphony No. 5; 3. Part — Allegro info Symphony No 5; Part 4 — Allegro info Symphony No. 9; Part 4, excerpt (Ode to Joy) info Problems listening to audio files?


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

See Wikipedia:Audio.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

On topic elsewhere Free scores by Main Page at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP) Mutopia Project.


Question: Where was Ludwig van Beethoven born?

Ludwig van Beethoven

* Category:Those born in 1770 Class:Those who died in 1827 Class:Key articles of screening


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta (,) or Lakedaimon () was an ancient Greek city and city-state (polis).


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was located along the Eurotas River in the province of Lakonia, or Lakedaimonia (), in the southern part of the Peloponnese peninsula.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[1] [2] [3] [4] Today, the town of Spárt is located on the site of the town.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The old name of the town was derived from its mythical founder Lakedaimon.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The territory under the rule of the Spartan city-state later encompassed not only Lakonia but also Messenia.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The name Lakedaimon has been used to refer to a region consisting of the city of Sparta and towns under its rule; today Sparta can mean both.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[5] There was a major centre near Sparta as early as the Mycenaean Bronze Age between the 14th and 13th centuries BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The city was one of the leading Greek city-states around the period 700—500 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[6] It led the so-called Peloponnesian Federation, which included many other Greek cities.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

During the Peloponnesian War of 431—404 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta's main enemy was Athens, with whom Sparta fought for Greek supremacy.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

After winning the war, Sparta again briefly gained the lead among the Greek city-states.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta lost its dominance in 371 BC, when its military might was definitively defeated.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Doorite Sparta was the most typical of Greece's supremacy states: a city-state whose form of government was ultimately downright oligarchic.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

However, the Spartan state order, the enactment of which according to tradition is associated with the name of Lykurgos, was the result of a long development.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[7] Sparta was a self-contained urban and military state, famous for its harsh and one-sided military education and army.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Its business life was dominated by farming and animal husbandry.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta did not engage in much commerce, nor did it have a mentionable craft industry or a significant contribution to the development of Greek cultural life.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[7] The name of Sparta often still symbolizes the “Spartan” simple and harsh way of life, as well as heroism and military glory.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[8] History Prehistory and mythology The area of Sparta has been inhabited no later than the Neolithic Stone Age.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Bronze Age, and especially the Mycenaean period, around 1400—1200 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

it developed into a major centre.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] In Greek mythology set in the Mycenaean period, the founder of Sparta was Lakedaimon, who was the son of Zeus.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] His consort was the daughter of the Eurotas river god Najadinymph Sparte.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[10] In myths, the city of Sparta appears as one of the three most significant centres of the Peloponnese, along with Mycene and Pylos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta was the seat of King Menelaus and this consort, Helena, known for its beauty, where Mycenaea was ruled by Menelaus' elder brother Agamemnon.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Both were key warlords in the Trojan War, which originated when Paris took Helena with him to Troy.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

According to the narratives, the reign of the House of Menelaus lasted two more generations after the Trojan War.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Thereafter, the Doorese conquerors who arrived from the north, presented as descendants of Heracles, conquered the Peloponnese.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] The location of Mycenaean Sparta or the administrative centre of Lakonia at all is not entirely clear.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the past, it has often been assumed to have been located at Therapne about three kilometres east-southeast of the site of ancient Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

A complex of buildings known as Menelaion has been found there, including a Mycenaean palace and a settlement.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The palace had been built in the 15th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In antiquity, the site of Menelaion was a shrine dedicated to Menelaus and Helena, as the site was considered the burial site for these.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] [12] On the other hand, Pellana has also been proposed as Mycenaean Sparta some 30 km north of Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It has been found there as far back as the Early Helladic Period around 2500 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

originated settlement and graves, and might also be the site of a palace.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] [13] Between 2010 and 2015, a Mycenaean palace was excavated from Ágios Vasíleios about 12 kilometres south-southeast of Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Research suggests it had been built around the 14th—14th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[14] In the 13th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

most of Sparta's Mycenaean settlements were destroyed like other Mycenaean centres.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It is generally assumed that (somewhat in accordance with myths) the Doorites who arrived from the north conquered the Lakonian plain and Sparta around 950 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

from.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] In Spartan myths, Eurysthenes and Prokles appear as leaders of these.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

These serve as progenitors of Sparta's two king genera, the Agiads and the Eurypontids.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] Only Sparta and Amyklai seem to have remained continuously inhabited throughout the so-called dark centuries of Greece following the cultural breakdown.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] Archaic Period In the course of time, the Spartans took over all of Lakonia and subjugated the native inhabitants of the region, of whom the Spartans made slaves, heloths.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta initially consisted of four villages with names such as Pitana, Limnai, Mesoa and Kynosura.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Roughly 7th-century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

halfway through, the nearby village of Amyklai was also annexed to Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta seems to have been ruled by some sort of military elite at the time.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] [9] [11] 7th-century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

towards the end, Sparta began expansion beyond the Lakonian Plain as well.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Around the year 720 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

it conquered the province of Messenia in the so-called First Messenian War.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The inhabitants of Messenia were also made heloths; the group of helots thereafter consisted mainly of Messenians.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

As Sparta's longtime main opponent in the Peloponnese, Argos was formed, which had held the lead in the region since the end of the Mycenaean period.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 669/668 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

the Spartans suffered defeat to Argos at the Battle of Hysiai.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Messenians rebelled against Spartan rule around the years 648—631 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the same century, Sparta also significantly reformed its statesmanship and laws, and the problems faced by the state may have been the cause of this.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] The reform of the Spartan statesmanship is attached to the name of Lykurgos, but the timing of this was uncertain even in antiquity.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

He may have lived in the 8th or 7th century BCE, but the statesmanship put in his name would not appear to have arisen until the late 6th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[15] In the 6th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Spartan army also adopted hoplite tactics.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] In the Archaic period, Sparta, like other Greek city-states, participated in establishing settlements.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Its settlements included Taras [11] and Thera, both founded in the 7th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Still in the 7th—5th centuries BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta participated in Greek cultural life, and the city produced ceramics, bronze works and ivory carvings, among others, which were also exported elsewhere.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Some of the artisans of that time appear to have been Spartan citizens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In addition, artisans and artists from other parts of Greece moved to the city.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

However, everything changed relatively quickly around the year 525 BCE, when trading elsewhere effectively ceased altogether.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] The same phenomenon can also be seen in the literature.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Still in the 6th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Tyrtaios, regarded as the city's national poet, lived in Sparta, who was writing patriotic poetry at the time of the Messenian Wars.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the same century, Alkman, who moved there from elsewhere, lived in Sparta, who is considered to be the founder of the choir.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

With the exception of these two poets of the Archaic period, ancient Sparta has almost left no marks in ancient literature.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta rose among the leading Greek states in the 5th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It sought to conquer Arkadia and fought here especially with its most prominent city Tegea.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 550 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta suffered a defeat to Tegea, but defeated this around 530 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 546/545 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta also eventually defeated Argos in the so-called Battle of 300, taking Kynuria, among others, which was located between Lakonia and Argol.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Contrary to the Heloths, with the new conquests, the so-called Perioics who lived in the frontier areas annexed to Lakonia remained free, but did not gain Spartan civil rights.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

At its widest extent, Spartan rule had an area of about 8500 square kilometers, making it the largest of the Greek city-states.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] During its hegemony, Sparta also sought to interfere with Boiotia and Samos, among others (525 BCE.)


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

affairs.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] In Athens, the Spartans were aided in 510 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

to overthrow the tyranny of the sons of Peisistratos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] The Spartans also made military expeditions as far as North Africa and Sicily.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] The significance of Sparta in that period is also informed by the fact that King Croise of Lydia entered into an alliance with it.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

5th century BCE


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

towards the end Sparta was already seeking to expand by alliance rather than warring.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 505 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

it founded the Peloponnesian Federation, to which it was until 500 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

By the time received a number of allied subjects, [2] most notable Corinth, Elis and Tegea.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The union survived all the way to 365 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

until.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] The allies were other opponents of Argos, allowing Sparta to exploit its position as Argos's main enemy.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] When King Xerxes I of Persia invaded Greece, Sparta was seen as the clear leader of the Greeks in the Persian Wars that followed.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta aided Athens, although late for the Battle of Marathon still in 490 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

During the second invasion of the Persians in 480—479 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Spartan warlords often served as commanders of the entire Hellenic warforce.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] At the Battle of Thermopylai in 480 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The famous army of 300 Spartans as well as these allies fought against the superior Persian army under King Leonida.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the classical period after the Persian Wars, Sparta's leadership in the Greek world began to wane.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Under Athenian leadership, the Delos Maritime Union was established, which soon became a rival to the Sparta-led alliance.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

As a result, Sparta and Athens positioned themselves as the main opponents of power political, and were also seen ideologically as opposites of each other.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta increasingly turned inward towards the harsh lifestyle for which it has become known, and the city was relatively isolated from the rest of the world.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

One example was not only the disconnect of trade and cultural links, but also the use of iron money unfit elsewhere.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] At the same time around 480—460 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta also suffered another rebellion by the helots.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] Tegea rebelled against Spartan rule in 473—471 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 464 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

the earthquake killed a large number of Spartans, in connection with which the Messenians also rose up again in revolt.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

After the Third Messenian War, the Athenians colonized Messenians in Naupaktos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Athenian and Spartan intervals deteriorated in the middle of the 4th century, and between 460 BCE and 445 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

the cities fought against each other in what is known as the First Peloponnesian War.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The early phase of the war is usually referred to as the War of Arkhidamos, after the Spartan king Arkhidamos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The war ended with no clear winner.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the Peloponnesian War proper, which began in 431 BCE, Sparta warred with its allies Corinth and Thebes against Athens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 404 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta won Athens with the support of its allies and financed by the Persians.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] With the outcome of the Peloponnesian Wars, Sparta gained a lead among the Greek city-states for a short time.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] It tried to conquer the Greek cities of Ionia from Persian rule.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

However, Athens, as well as Thebes and Corinth, who had turned enemies of Sparta, started the Corinthian War against Sparta in 395 BCE, instigated by Persia.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The war ended in 387 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

with no clear winner.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Persian king acted as the guarantor of peace in Antalkida, which ended the war.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta soon drifted into war with Thebes and in 371 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Thebans defeated the Spartans at the Battle of Leuktra, marking the end of Sparta's military might once and for all.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] During the Theban hegemony that followed, the Thebans destroyed the Spartan Empire and freed Messenia and Arkadia from Spartan rule under Epameinonda.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 362 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Thebans defeated the Spartans again at the Battle of Mantineia.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Humiliated by these defeats, Sparta took no part in the struggle of Athens and Thebes against Philip II of Macedon and was the only Greek city not to participate in the League of Corinth established by Philip.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta attempted to rebel against Macedonia in 331 BC, but suffered defeat in the ensuing Battle of Megalopolii.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Hellenistic and Roman Period In the Hellenistic period, Sparta regressed and its population decreased considerably.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[4] As a result, its capacity for military action in accordance with its former reputation was also gone.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] In the 200th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta tried yet to increase its power and laid against Macedonia, but the city came under siege by the army of Pyrrhus in 272 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

At the same time, Sparta was weakening from within in attempts to reform its society.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] Macedonia and the new superpower of the Peloponnese, the Akhaian alliance, defeated Sparta at the Battle of Sellasia in 222 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 195 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

the city lost its perioic territory.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] Philopoimen conquered Sparta in 188 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

and forced it into the Achaian League.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Union of Akhaia was defeated by the Roman Empire in 146 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

and annexed the Peloponnese as part of the Roman province of Achaea.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the Roman period, Sparta revived as a city.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] In the 10th and 13th centuries divide.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

some of its classical period practices were aimed at reviving in a spirit of a kind of nostalgia.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Attempts were also made to develop the city as something of a centre for sport and body culture against the centre of philosophy education in Athens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[16] In 267 share.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta survived the invasion of the Heruls, but was destroyed in an attack by the Visigoths led by Alarik in 395 Jaa.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Subsequently, the town was almost completely abandoned.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] Later history In the Byzantine Middle Ages, the settlement of the region moved to the nearby fortified city of Mystras, or Mistra, which was the most significant centre of the entire Peloponnese.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

By the time of the 13th century to the 19th century, former Sparta had shrunk to a small village in the shadow of Mystras.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

After Greece gained independence, King Otto issued an edict in 1834 that the settlement of Mystras had to be moved to the site of Sparta, and the name of the town would become the same as in ancient times.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the Modern Greek form, it is known as Spárti.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the present day, Spárti is the administrative capital of the Lakonia regional unit and the centre of the economy, culture and farming of its neighbouring region.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Archaeological excavations of ancient Sparta, which have been carried out in and around the city's acropolis among others, began in 1892—1893.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They were originally conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, or the United States Archaeological School, under the direction of C. Waldstein.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 1906—1910, 1924—1928 and 1949, excavations were continued by the British School at Athens, or the British archaeological school in Athens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Since 1957 excavations have been carried out by the Greeks, as well as again by the British, among others, between 1992 and 1995.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[17] [18] Excavations have also been carried out elsewhere in the surrounding area, such as the Menelaion area, Amyklai and other sites of Mycenaean and antiquity.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Governance Statesmanship According to Spartan conception, the social order of the city had been imposed by King Lykurgos, who was timed to the 10th—7th centuries BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[4] In reality, it probably evolved gradually.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[7] The statesmanship reached its established form in the 6th century BCE, [4] but was still put in its entirety in the name of Lykurgos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The core of the Spartan statesmanship was the so-called Great Rhetra, which Lykurgos was reported to have received from the oracle of Delphi.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

This too dates the statesmanship most likely to the 6th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

for the rest.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[15] In statesmanship, power had been shared between the Spartan kings, the Council, or Gerusian, ephors, and the People's Assembly, or apella.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The purpose must have been to balance power between monarchy, aristocracy oligarchy and democracy, as Aristotle saw it.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[15] Sparta had two kings who served as supreme priests, judges, and warlords.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The model of the two kings reverted to the fact that Sparta had emerged as a merger of several villages.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Kingship was heritable.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

One of the kings always belonged to the lineage of Agiads (Agiadai) and the other to the lineage of Eurypontids (Eurypontidai).


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

One of the kings supplied the casualties of the state, the other in turn served as supreme chief in the war.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[4] Kings also supervised each other.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The power of kings was greatest precisely as warlords.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] Gradually their power was curtailed, but the commander-in-chief was maintained.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Spartan kings have included Lykurgos, kings of the order Prokles and Eurysthenes, and Leonidas.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The focus of power was on the Council of Elders, the Gerusia, as well as the Civil Service of the Five Ephors, which gradually gained ever greater power.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Gerusia was composed of kings as well as 28 overlords chosen for life at least 60 years old, thus 30 men in total.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Gerusia had the high command of the state and always had veto power.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It also served as the Supreme Court.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The proposals made by the Council were voted on by the People's Assembly at the apella, which included all Spartans aged 30 and over, therefore free men.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The People's Assembly had no right of initiative, but it elected the Gerusian members and ephors, as well as endorsing or rejecting, without debate, the things Gerusian presented to it.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The ephors changed annually and served as the executive body.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[4] Two of the ephors went to war with the king.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] Ephors were added to the system possibly only at a later stage during the time of King Theopompos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[15] Eventually these gained all the power of inspection in the state.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[7] The most famous of the ephores is the Spartan philosopher Khilon (ca.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

500 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

), considered one of the Seven Sages of Greece.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta was considered a haven of olderness in Greece.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Statesmanship possibly contributed to the fact that the state was slow to make decisions, particularly with regard to its foreign policy.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] Society was also very authoritarian and totalitarian in practice.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The people lived clearly for the state.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the old days, the state usually meant everything, the individual nothing, and this thinking had developed in Sparta to its peak.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Some have anachronistically suggested that Sparta would even have been the first communist state.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

However, this interpretation is unnecessarily simplified.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Army of Sparta was by far the best trained army in ancient Greece.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Always from the 5th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

3rd-century BCE


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

until the mids, the Spartan army caused fear and respect in its opponents.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta was the only Greek city-state to maintain a standing army.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The army was formed by the free men of the city, or Spartan citizens, who devoted their lives to military training and warring.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Spartan hoplites were equipped with long spears, circular shields marked with lambda letters, as well as helmets on the basis of which the helmets of Roman legionaries were later designed.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Spartan soldiers were also known for their long hair.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The soldiers were not equipped with strong armour like the hoplites of other Greek cities; their outfit was a blood-red chiton, which was considered the most manly in colour and, moreover, the blood stood out badly from it.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[19] The population of the Spartan people consisted of many different groups of people.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Spartan citizens were referred to as homoioi (equals) or spartiatai.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

These formed the Doorite upper class, who had come to the country as conquerors, and were the only full citizens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They got their livelihoods from their farms.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Under the Spartan state order, farmlands had been divided among citizens into equal parcels, which were not to be bought or sold.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In farming, all the work was done by state-owned helots (heilōtes), serfs.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

This oppressed group was formed from the original inhabitants of Lakonia and Messenia.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Heloots were also used as crews in the army.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Spartans had to fear all the time of the Heloths rebellion.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

On the other hand, the existence of helots freed citizens to devote themselves to life-long military training.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The third important group were the Perioiks (perioikoi), who were free but lacked Spartan civil rights.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Perioics lived in other Lakonian city-states; also the group's name suggests that they “lived around (Sparta)”.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They were merchants, craftsmen and farmers, and thus operated in professions that were not considered suitable for free Spartans.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

There were equal numbers of Spartans and perioques in the Spartan army.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Other populations included mothakes, who were children of poor Spartans or children of a Spartan father and heloot mother who had received a Spartan upbringing; the skiritai, a group comparable to the perioikes, whose members lived in northern Lakonia along the Arkadian border; and neodamodeis who were exempt helots who had served in the Spartan army as hoplites.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They were notably performed during the Peloponnesian War and the Persian War Expedition of Agesilaos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Below Spartan citizens were other inferior groups such as hypomeiones (inferiors), tresantes (cowards) and nothoi (bastards).


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

One other group were the trophimoi, who were children of foreigners who had received a Spartan education.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[20] [5] There were people who had migrated from elsewhere in Sparta (xenoi), but especially later these were not as welcome as elsewhere in Greece, and these were met with great suspicion.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] The number of Spartan citizens decreased significantly during the historical period.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The proportion of women in the public is difficult to estimate, but they may have been the majority because men were always killed in battle and Spartans tended to kill boy children who did not meet the criteria prescribed by the law.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the Archaic period, there were 9000 men of Spartan citizens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 479 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

there were about 8000 of them, 5000 of whom took part in the Battle of Plataia.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

According to Herodotus, every Spartan who took part in the battle had seven helots with him as servants.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

This can be taken as an indication of the relative number of Spartans and helots.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

According to one estimate, Lakonia and Messenia were inhabited in the 4th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

55000 people, 18000 of whom were free citizens and members of their families.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Lakonia and Messenia would thus have been the least populated area in the Peloponnese.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[5] In 371 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta was able to send about 7000 more troops against Thebes.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

400 of them fell at the Battle of Leuktra.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

According to Aristotle, there were Spartans around the year 330 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

no more than a thousand.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In 244 BC.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

there were only 700 spartans left.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

One of the causes of Sparta's problems can be considered that strict social order and wars led to a decrease in the number of citizens and at the same time soldiers.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

As a result, soldiers came to be hired from other social classes, which nevertheless led to loyalty and other problems when there was no other social mobility in society to provide these soldiers.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] Spartan citizens were divided into different age groups as follows: paides — paidiscoes aged 7—17 — Hebontes aged 18—19 — Gerontes aged 20—29 — Culture over 60 years of age Culture Spartan upbringing All male Spartans went through rigorous educational and an exercise program that became known as agoge.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Training included activities such as military skills, hunting, hiding, and dancing.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Spartan boy was only allowed to be in his home until the age of seven, but even before that he was raised in a peculiar way.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Babies weren't swaddled to allow body members to develop better.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They were accustomed to the dark and loneliness.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

At the dinner table, neither whimsy nor tricks were allowed.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Boys were taught to speak briefly and nasevously.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

This kind of thing is called even more laconic speech.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

At the age of seven, boys were taken into state custody to attend boarding schools.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They were divided into groups based on age.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The main thing was to learn to obey, endure and win.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The boys had their hair shaved and had any footwear confiscated.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They walked in thin clothes and barefoot all year round.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

From the age of twelve, boys began to be given capes.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

On holidays, they were allowed to bathe.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The whip streaked at the minimum infringement.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Meals were intentionally scarce so that the boys would steal their food and learn cunning.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

If they were caught, they were flogged, not because they had stolen, but because they had been inept and caught.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Various manhood trials were held for the boys.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

A flogging ceremony was held at the shrine of Artemis Orthia, where, for example, cheese was to be stolen from the altar, watched by other young men with whips and staves as weapons.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sometimes the experiment turned into an endurance test where aspirants might be whipped half to death.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

A remarkable experiment in manhood was crypteia (“slumming”), in which boys first had to hide for a certain period of time on their own in the countryside and then go hunting for the least suspicious-looking helots.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

At least one helot was to be killed.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In this way, efforts were made not only to provide military training, but also to nip heloot rebellions in the bud.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Gymnopaidiai was a celebration where naked youths performed war dances.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In addition to body exercises, boys were taught only to read, write and sing choral songs.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Choral singing promoted punctuality in the military corps.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Given the upbringing focused on physical exercises, it's no wonder the Spartans excelled at the Olympian Games.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Boarding schools, boys left when they were 18.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

They stayed until they were 20 with the heloths.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

After this, barracks life in military camps began.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It lasted from the age of 20 until he was 30, after which the man was allowed to move in with his family.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Until the age of 60, the man belonged to the military corps.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

A Spartan soldier may have carried seven helots, or slaves, on expeditions.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Spartan girls were also taken from their mothers at the age of seven and placed in training.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The girls were taught wrestling, gymnastics, were taught to fight, and were introduced to many other martial arts, as it was believed that strong women would produce strong children.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Young women competed (fought) against each other in various events likely without clothing like the Spartan boys.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

If they passed various tests, they were prescribed a husband at the age of 18—20 years.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Ways Plenipotentiary Spartans dine together.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The main and only dish was the famous black soup (melas zomos).


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It likely contained pig blood and flesh, as well as vinegar and salt.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Everyone took care of the cost himself.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[21] Preparations for the wedding day included women, among other things, dressing in man's clothes and cutting their hair short.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The wedding itself consisted of a ritual battle between a man and a woman.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It ended with the man “robbing” the woman with him and throwing her on her shoulder.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Men and women did not live together when they were under 30.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The freedom of Spartan women was considerably greater than that of other contemporaries, as they had no trouble having children anymore after they turned seven.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Women were allowed to move more freely than other Greek women.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Women were also allowed to own private property, which they had obtained, for example, by inheritance and dowry.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the end, women owned up to 2/5 of the Spartan lands.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] The Spartans were very religious and adhered to religious laws and customs strictly.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

This was reflected, among other things, in the fact that the Spartan army did not move in any bad situation if an important religious celebration approached.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Among the greatest religious celebrations was the Karneia celebrated in honour of Apollon, because of which the army was completely late for the Battle of Marathon and participated in the Battle of Thermopylai with only a small and famous contingent of 300 soldiers.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[9] [22] Another notable celebration was Hyakinthia [22] and the third Gymnopaidiai.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[23] Buildings and findings General view Sparta was located in the fertile valley of the Eurotas River in an area protected by the mountains.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

On the west side of the Lakonian Plateau is Mount Taygetos and on the east side is Mount Parnon.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

On the south side, the hill line separates the plain from the coast of the Lakonian Gulf and although it was not difficult to cross, at the same time mentally encloses the city to the hinterland.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[11] After all, the sea was not a particularly important factor in the history of the city.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Sparta was not originally protected, like other Greek cities, by a city wall.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Even in the Archaic and Classical periods, it was otherwise different from other Greek cities as the lack of walls removed the need to live in a tightly built city of narrow streets.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The core area of the city-state consisted of joined villages and scattered houses located west of Eurotas, surrounded by fields and vegetable gardens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Here and there were temples, shrines and public buildings.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the centre of the area was the agora, or market, and near it the acropolis, or castle mountain.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] [4] [3] Sparta consisted of four villages which were Pitana, Limnai, Mesoa and Kynosura.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] The plateau had six hills, the highest of which served as an acropolis.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[17] It was located roughly in the middle of the villages.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The best of the city is the theatre on the south slope of the acropolis preserved.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Also known from the Acropolis is the site of Athene Khalkioikos temple, among others.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] The agora was probably located immediately east of the acropolis, where buildings suitable for this have been found, such as the so-called Persian stoa and Skias.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[24] In addition, the places of the sanctuary of Artemis Orthia and Menelaion are also known.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In Sparta, the tombs were partially located in the area of the settlement, while in other parts of Greece they were outside the cities.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] The town's port was located in Gytheion on the shores of the Gulf of Lakonia about 48 kilometres to the south.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] Relatively few remains have survived from ancient Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

As Thukydides predicted at the beginning of his Peloponnesian war, Sparta and its importance cannot be judged in our time by the magnitude of the ruins it leaves, like Athens, for example.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[25] Furthermore, most of the remaining ruins date from buildings of the Hellenistic and Roman period, and so do not give an image of the more illustrious Classical Period Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In addition to excavations, the ancient city of Sparta is known from the description of Pausania from the 10th century ja.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

in the book Description of Greece (Book III).


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Other objects in the Spartan region are mainly in the Spárt Archaeological Museum as well as the National Archaeological Museum in Athens.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Notable buildings and structures in Sparta included (letters and numbers refer to a schematic figure): A. Acropolis B. Agora C. Pitana D. Mesoa E. Limnai F. Kynosura Athene Temple of Khalkioikos Artemis Orthian Shrine Theatre Skias Persian stoa Roman stoa Leonida tomb Heroon Bridge (Babyka?)


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Hellenistic City Wall St. Nikon Basilica Church Menelaion, or Palace of Menelaus/Sanctuary of Menelaus and Helena, The Acropolis Sparta's Acropolis, or castle mountain, was a relatively small hill some 25 metres higher than its surroundings, located in the centre of the four villages of Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

According to Pausania, Sparta did not even have an actual acropolis like other cities, but the Spartans gave this name to the highest of the city's hills.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[26] There is likely to have been a wall around the Acropolis Lae.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] The Temple of Athene Khalkioikos at the top of the Acropolis was located in Athene Khalkioikos or Athene Poliukhus, that is, the Athena goddess who protects the city, which derives its name from its bronze decoration.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

There was a shrine on its site as early as the 7th century BCE at the latest.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The temple was rebuilt in the 5th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] [17] The temple probably represented the Doorian style.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The site of the temple is known, but relatively few remains of it have survived.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Near the temple was its altar, with two statues of the warlord Pausania and statues of Aphrodite Ambologera and the brothers Uni and Death, among others.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] Other shrines around the temple of Athene Khalkioikos had a wider sanctuary area, or temenos, with other shrines as well.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

On the hill were, among others, the shrine of Athene Ergane, the temple of Zeus Kosmeta, a statue of Zeus Hypatos sculpted by Learkhos Rhegionainen, the temple of Ares Areia, the temple of the Muses, the tomb of Tyndareus, the temple of Artemis Knagia, and two stoas, the so-called southern and western toas.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

On the slope facing the agora to the acropolis was the temple of Optiletis or Ofthalmitis erected by Lykurgos.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] Theatre On the southern slope of the Acropolis housed a theatre that had been built in the early Imperial Roman period.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was a typical semi-arc-shaped Greek theatre with a circular orkhestra in the centre.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The building was made of white marble.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The stage was not fixed, but wooden and equipped with wheels, so it could be moved to the site if necessary.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The theatre has been fairly poorly preserved, but it is still one of the best-preserved ruins in ancient Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Numerous commercial buildings have been found near the theatre building that have served theatre guests.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[18] [27] Basilica Church Built in the Middle Ages the Basilica church was located on an ancient acropolis to the east of the theatre.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was built in the Middle Byzantine period in the 9th century Share., and is the most significant medieval find in the area of old Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The basilica was three-ship and had nartheks and portiques at its western end and an apsis at its eastern end.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The church was dedicated to Saint Nikon, patron saint of the locality.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[28] The Agora Agora, or market, was probably located immediately east of the acropolis.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was, like other Greek agoras, surrounded by columned halls and public buildings.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Public buildings included, among other things, the meeting place of the gerusian, or council of elders, and the gathering places of ephors, nomophylaws and bidiai.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] On the western edge of the Agora on the slope of the acropolis were presumably located the Skias as well as the Persian stoa, and on its southern edge a long Roman stoa.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[24] Skias Skias was one of the most prominent public, government-related buildings in the city.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was built in the 5th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

and was in use as a gathering place still during the Pausania period.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[24] [29] It is assumed to be Skias a circular building found on the western edge of the agora, which was about 41.3 metres in diameter and possibly resembled to some extent the Tholo of the Athenian Agora.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[18] [24] Persian stoa Persian stoa (Persikē Stoa), or columned hall, was built in the 4th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

in honour of victory in the Persian Wars.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was the most spectacular building in the agora.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The Stoa was decorated with columns showing the Persians, and the spoils of war obtained in the war were placed there.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Later, the building was frequently renovated and expanded, and was still in good condition when Pausania visited the city.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[30] A pillared hall found on the western edge of the agora, north of Skias, is assumed to be a Persian stoa.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It has been dug up from a distance of about 31 metres.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[24] Other public buildings and shrines according to Pausania, near Skias was a circular building built by Epimenide with statues of Zeus and Aphrodite of Olympus.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] [29] On the Agora were also the old Ephoria, which formerly served as a gathering place for the ephores, containing the tombs of Epimenide and Afareus; the temple of the Moirs, or fathars; a large statue which presented the people of Sparta; the tomb of Oreste; a statue of King Polydoros; and a child bearing Dionysus A statue presented by Hermes from Agorao.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] [30] In the Roman period, the agora had statues of Julius Caesar and Augustus.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] Khoros was a place separated from the rest of the agora where Spartan youngsters danced in honour of Apollon at the Gymnopaidiai banquet.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was decorated with statues of Apollon, Artemi and Leto.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Near Khoros were the temples of Apollon, as well as Ga (Gen, or Earth), Zeus Agoraios, Athene Agoraia, Poseidon Asphaleios and Hera.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] Environment of the Agora and the Acropolis The roads leaving the Agora and their buildings from the Agora left roads to different parts of the city.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The main road was Afetais, oriented south from the agora towards the southern city wall.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Along it were the house of King Polydoros, also known as Booneta because it was purchased by the state from the king's widow with a few oxen; the building of bidiai; the temple of Athene Keleutheia; the shrine of Poseidon Tainarios; a place called Hellenios, where the Greeks were said to have gathered either before the Trojan War or the Persian Wars; the altar of Acreita of Apollo; the Gaseption consecrated to the land; and the statue of Maleate of Apollo.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Also located along the street were Fruria and its temple to Artemi; the tomb of Iamiadai of the Eleans; the shrines of Maron and Alpheios who fell in Thermopylai; the temple of Zeus Tropaios; the Heroons of Hippolytus and Aulon; the Temple of the Mother of the Gods and the shrine of Arsinoe.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Near the city wall were still the temple of Artemis Diktynna and the tombs of kings of the Eurypontid family.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] [29] Another road was the road that led to the northeast known as Skias, which originated with the Skias building of the agora.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In its direction were, among others, the tombs of Kynorta, Kastor, Idas and Lynkeus; the temple of Kore Soteira; the temple of Carneios of Apollo; a statue of Aphetaios of Apollo; an altar dedicated to Zeus, Athena and Dioscures; a place called Kolona, most likely a hill, and its Dionysus The Temple of Kolonatas; the Temple of Zeus Euanemos; the Temple of Hera of Argos; the Temple of Hera Hyperkheiria, which featured an old, wooden statue of Aphrodite Hera; and a statue of Hetoimocles, who won at the Olympic Games.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] [29] The third road led west from the agora and passed by the theatre to the tomb of the kings of the House of Agiads.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Between the Agora and the theatre there was a tomb in Brasida.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In front of the theatre was the tomb of the warlord Pausania.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The fourth road was the road of the Hyakinthia feast, which led to Amyklai.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] In the direction of Pitana were, among others, the widow of Crotans, the place of assembly; the tomb of Tainaros; the shrines of Poseidon Hippocurios and Aiginian Artemi; the temple of Artemis Issoria or Limnaia; and the temples of Theti, Demeter Khthonia, Serapis and Zeus of Olympus.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Leonida's Tomb The tomb of King Leonida, or Leonidaion, was located in front of the theatre like the tomb of the warlord Pausania.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Leonida's tomb is called the ruins of a small temple-like building in the centre of present-day Spárt.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The building was made in the 4th-century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

towards the end, that is, its timing corresponds to the time when Leonida's body was brought to Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

However, the actual use of the building has not been able to confirm.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[31] Babyka and Knakion Babyka (or Babyks) and Knakion were places known from literary sources, in the area between which, according to the Spartan state form, the People's Assembly of apella gatherings were held.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

According to one interpretation, Babyka was a bridge that crossed Eurotas and a tributary of Eurotas flowed south of the town of Knakio.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[32] In fact, the places in question defined pretty much the area in which the Spartan agora and other public buildings were mainly located.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

More distant buildings The shrine of Artemis Orthia dedicated to Artemis Orthia was located on the eastern edge of the city near the banks of Eurotas.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The sanctuary included the temple of Artemi, which was built in the 7th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

and was remade around 570 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The shrine is particularly known for its bloody ceremony, which involved the flogging of youngsters.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the Roman period, a semi-arc-shaped theatre grandstand was built on the sanctuary grounds where flogging could be followed.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] Menelaion Menelaion is located about three kilometres east-southeast of ancient Sparta.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In the Mycenaean period there was a megaron palace, the so-called Palace of Menelaus, which had been built in the 15th century BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

A settlement has also been found in the area as well as graves.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

In antiquity, there was a shrine dedicated to Menelaus and Helena on the site, as the site was considered a burial place for these.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Dromos Dromos was the most prominent sporting venue in the city.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It included a stadium and a gymnasion built by Eurykle, as well as an amphitheatre built in the Roman period.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Dromos had a statue of Heracles.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Near it were the temples of Dioscurs, Kharites, Eileithyia, Carneios of Apollo and Artemis Hegemone, as well as statues of Asklepios Agnita and Dioscurs, the temple of the Heroon of Alkon and the Domatite of Poseidon.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[3] [33] The city wall in Sparta of the Archaic and Classical periods did not have a city wall.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Instead, the city relied on its army.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The construction of the city wall did not begin until the fold of the Classical and Hellenistic periods in the 3rd century BCE, when Sparta's military might had gone.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

It was completed around the year 184 BCE.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

The length of the wall was about 10 kilometres and an area of about 3 x 2 km was left inside it.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

[2] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Brummer, O. J.| title = Book of Information — General Information for postgraduate study| number = Greece| publisher = WSOY| year = 1941| version = I part| page = 220—222}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Furuhagen, Hanuhagen S| title = Focus Art part 1 — Art history — world art from antiquity to modern| number = Sparta| publisher = Otava| year = 1973| version=2. p.| id = ISBN 951-1-00336-4| page = 802}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hansen, Mogens Herman et.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

al.| title = An inventory of archaic and classical poleis| publisher = Oxford University Press| year = 2004| id = ISBN 9780198140993}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Plutarkhos| title = Lykurgos: Spartan legislator| others = Translated by Kalle Suuronen| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1942}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Whitby, Michael (ed.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

) | title=Sparta| publisher = Edinburgh University Press| year = 2002| id=ISBN 0-7486-1293-9}} References on the topic elsewhere — History, beliefs and culture of ancient Sparta Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Was Corinth a major city-state?

Sparta

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The 2018—2019 Champions League season is the 27th season of the Champions League, and the 64th season of the football cup played among the top teams in Europe.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The final was played on 1 June 2019 in Madrid at the capital Wanda Metropolitano.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

As defending champions, heading into the season is Spaniard Real Madrid.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

Qualifying Rounds In each qualifying round, as well as the relegation round, teams were divided into baskets of placed and non-placed, determined according to UEFA club team ranking.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

Teams played against each other at home and away, and two teams from the same country cannot be entered into the same pair of matches.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

Four teams participated in the pre-qualifier on the basis of UEFA's ground pisteranking.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The teams were drawn first into two pairs of matches, with the winners facing off in a one-leg final.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The draw took place on 12 June 2018.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

[1] Teams that have lost advance to the second qualifying round of the 2018—2019 Europa League season.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The qualifying phase and play-off round of the 2018—2019 Champions League season First qualifying round The draw for the first and second qualifying rounds took place on 19 June 2018.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

[1] The first leg matches will be played on 10 and 11 July 2018.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The second leg matches will be played on 17 and 18 July.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The losing teams advance to the second qualifying round of the 2018—2019 Europa League season.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

Champions League 2018—2019 qualifying phase and play-off round Second qualifying round First leg matches will be played on 24 and 25 July 2018.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The second leg matches will be played on 31 July and 1 August.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The second qualifying round is divided into two groups: Champions (for league champions) and Best placed (for non-champions).


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The losing teams from both groups proceed to the second qualifying round of the 2018—2019 Europa League season.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

Qualifying phase of 2018—2019 Champions League season and play-off round Third qualifying round Third qualifying round The third qualifying round is divided into two groups: Champions (for league champions) and Best placed (for non-champions).


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The losing teams from both groups will proceed to the play-off round of the 2018—2019 Europa League season.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

20 teams will play in the third qualifying round.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The draw for match pairs is conducted at 23.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

on July.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

[1] The qualifying phase of the 2018—2019 Champions League season and the play-off round The play-off round The play-off round is divided into two different groups: Champions (for league champions) and Best placed (for non-champions).


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The losing teams from both groups entered the group stage of the 2018—2019 Europa League season.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

12 teams will play in this round.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

Match pairings will be drawn 6.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

on Aug.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

[1] Champions League 2018—2019 qualifying phase and play-off round Group stage Teams were divided into eight groups of four teams, with teams from the blocks playing a home and away match against each other.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The top two from each group qualified for the quarter-semi-finals of the play-offs.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

The third placed in the group qualified for the first playoff round of the 2018—2019 Europa League season and the fourth-placed ones dropped out.


Question: Who won the footballing Champions League in the 2018-19 season?

2018—2019 Champions League

If tie points were ended in the blocks, the group standings were settled as follows: points for mutual matches between teams teams goals goal difference of teams mutual matches away goals for all matches teams goal difference of all teams goals scored UEFA own ranking list Group A Group B Group C Group D Group E Group E Group F Group G Group H Playoff Stage Sources Category:Champions League Category:Football league 2018—2019/2019


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

The Khanate of the Casars (650—969) was an early medieval state founded by the nomadic people of the Kasars.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

The Khanate of Casaars came into existence by separation from the West Turkish Khanate.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

At its greatest extent, the Khanate of Kasars controlled the Caucasus, the lower and middle reaches of the Volga River, the northwestern parts of present-day Kazakhstan, the shores of the Sea of Azov, the eastern parts of Crimea, and the steppe and forest steppe regions of Eastern Europe up to the Dnieper River.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

The center of the Khanate was initially located in the coastal region of present-day Dagestan, later on the lower reaches of the Volga.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

Some of the ruling elite converted to the Jewish faith.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

Some of the East Slavic tribes were allies of the Cassaars and paid taxes to the cassaars.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

The Khanate of Kasars was destroyed as a result of the wars with Kievan Russia in the late 9th century.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

History Early History: 5th Century Originally the Cassaars were one of numerous nomadic tribes that migrated from Asia to Europe in the melches of the Great International Migration.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

They spoke one of the many Early Turkic languages [1] They were apparently one of the groups of ogurs who first appeared in Europe in 463. [2].


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

The first reliable mention of the cassaars is Zacharias Scholasticus' list of peoples from 555. [3].


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

Bersilia is mentioned as their first European territory, which is localized in the plateau region of present-day Dagestan [4].


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

In the early part of the 5th century, the cassacks were under an alliance of clayers.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

Together they conducted successful war expeditions to the Caucasus region.


Question: Why was the Khanate of Cassaars founded?

Khanate of Casaars

Persia of the Sassanid ruler family that ruled the region could barely prevent them.