Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

since then the Polis, or Greek city-states, were born in which a new and flourishing culture developed.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

From Greece of this era, the term Ancient Greece is used and from its early period around 700—500 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

referred to as the Greek Archaic Period.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] The first historically known Olympian Games were held in 776 BC, where the historical period in Greece begins.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Ancient Greek literature, and at the same time Western literature as a whole, originated with the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer's works around 750—700 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Ancient Greek architecture began to take its shape when the first Doorite temple, the Olympian Temple of Hera, was built around 600 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] The most prominent of the Greek city-states were Athens and Sparta.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

City-states also emerged in abundance outside present-day Greece, particularly on the west coast of Asia Minor and southern Italy (Magna Graecia), as well as elsewhere along the Mediterranean coasts, with the Greeks establishing settlements in these areas.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The philosophy developed in Asia Minor in the Greek settlements of the Ionian coast around 600 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Athens is particularly known for its democracy, which developed from the late 5th century BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

from.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] 4th-century BCE


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

in the beginning, the Greeks waged the so-called Persian Wars against Persia.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In them, the Greek city-states were able to overcome the Persian threat and practically saved the budding Western civilization.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The war is particularly remembered for the battles of Marathon, Thermopylai and Salamii.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The wars were followed by the greatest heyday of Greek culture, the Greek Classical Period around 480—323 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Classical culture flourished especially in Athens, a manifestation of which include the Acropolis and the Parthenon.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

For a time, the city attained the leadership of the Greek world with the help of the Delos maritime union.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

4th-century BC


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

in the latter half, the Great “Civil War” of the Greek world saw the Peloponnesian War, with Athens and Sparta in particular opposing each other.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] Mutual wars between the Greeks continued between Athens, Sparta and Thebes into the 3rd century BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

in the early part.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Towards the end of the century, the Macedonian Empire first conquered all of Greece during the Battle of Khaironeia in 338 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

with and then under the leadership of Alexander the Great throughout Advantage Asia and Egypt.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] Subsequently, Greek culture spread widely in these areas as well.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The era is called the Hellenistic period.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The political importance of Greek city-states declined, but Athens, for example, remained a major centre of erudition.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 168 BC.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Macedonia suffered a defeat to the Roman Empire.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

All of Greece became a Roman province in 146 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

after the Romans destroyed Corinth.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

By the beginning of the period, Rome had taken over most of the entire Greek world.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Roman Civil War of 43—31 BC.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

the decisive Battle of Aktion was fought in Greece in 31 BC.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Roman Empire adopted some of the Greek culture into itself, and Greece and Athens became a place of education for the Roman upper class.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The centre of the Roman Greek province, or Achaea, became the centre of the rebuilt Corinth from 46 BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Many emperors, especially Emperor Hadrian, acted as benefactors of Greece and conducted major building programs.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] Christianity arrived in Greece with the missionary voyages of the Apostle Paul 49—54.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The state religion it became in Greece as well as in the whole kingdom with the proclamation of Emperor Theodosius I in 381.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] The Byzantine-Ottoman period with the dissolution of the Roman Empire in 395 Greece remained in its Greek-speaking eastern part, which developed into the medieval Byzantine kingdom.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The orthodox form of Christianity (Byzantine Church) became established as the state religion.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Byzantium in many respects preserved the ancient Greco-Roman tradition as united with Christianity.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The center of the kingdom was in Constantinople.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In the area of present-day Greece, notable centres were Thessaloniki and Mystras, among others.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] Athens also thrived once again in the Middle Byzantine period.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

However, Byzantine power in many parts of Greece was always weak, and the country was subject to international migrations by Bulgars, Slavs and other tribes, while the archipelago and other coastal areas were vulnerable to pirate attacks.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Byzantine Golden Age was around the years 850—1050.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Normans took over parts of Greece in 1081—1149.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

After the Crusaders recaptured Constantinople as a result of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, Greece was divided between the conquerors, chiefly Venetians and Franks.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Byzantium regained control of Constantinople and Mystras in 1261, after which Byzantine culture rose yet to its final heyday, but otherwise the empire's former greatness was gone.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

From the 14th century onwards, the Turkic Ottoman Empire developed as a new threat.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Ottoman invaded much of mainland Greece between 1390 and 1450.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

At the same time, Venice captured most of western Greece and the Greek archipelago and established fortifications in Greek territory to fight the Ottoman forces.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] Byzantium was definitively defeated in 1453 after the Turks captured Constantinople and then most of the other last territories of the empire, including Athens 1456 as well as Mystras 1460 and most of the rest of the Peloponnese in 1503.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Thus Greece became part of the Ottoman Empire.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

However, the Ionian Islands and Crete in particular survived for a long time under Venetian rule.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Venetians defeated the Turks at the Battle of Lepanto in 1571 and blocked their attempts to advance further west.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Venetians also conquered part of the Peloponnese in 1684, but the Turks reclaimed the territories in 1715.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] During the Ottoman rule, Greeks were allowed to keep their Orthodox faith, and the Church acted as the custodian of Greekness and the Greek language.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

However, the Greeks were subject to great fiscal strains and others, and the Ottoman exercise of power was sometimes very brutal.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In the peripheral regions, Ottoman power was weak, and the Greeks often revolted.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

As a result, they were also allowed to suffer bloody reprisals by the Turks.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Some of the Greeks especially in Asia Minor became Turkized over time.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The actual nationality idea and the idea of independence began to emerge in Greece with the Enlightenment in the 18th and early 19th centuries.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The freedom movement Filikí Etaireía was founded in 1814.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] The present Greek state as the date of the start of the uprising against the Greek Ottoman rule is officially held on 25 March 1821.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

It was the origin of the Greek War of Independence.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The actual declaration of independence was issued in Néa Epídavros in the New Year 1822.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Revolutionary War lasted all the way until 1829.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

It was bloody and many Greeks gave their lives for freedom.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Many philhellenes from across Europe also joined the war.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greek independence was recognised in the London Protocol on 3 February 1830. At the time, Britain, France and Russia were recognised.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The capital of independent Greece was initially in Aígina from 1828 to 1829, then in Náfplio from 1830 to 1834, and from 1834 in Athens.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece was initially a republic (so called. First Greek Republic).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Ioánnis Kapodístrias became the first president of Greece in 1828, but was assassinated in 1831.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1832, Greece became the Kingdom of Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The country's first king was Otto, a Bavarian, from 1832.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

He went into exile as a result of the revolution in 1862.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Otto was succeeded as king by George I of Denmark, who was in power from 1863—1913.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] The territory of the Greek state was initially considerably smaller than it is today.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

It originally included Central Greece and the Peloponnese, as well as the Argo-Saronic and Cycladic islands.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1864, Great Britain ceded the Ionian Islands it held to Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1881, Greece received the main part of Thessaly, as well as part of Epirus.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The First and Second Balkan Wars of 1912—1913 resulted in the annexation of South Macedonia and Northern Aegean islands belonging to the Ottoman Empire to Greece, the remainder of Thessaly and Epirus, and Crete, which had declared independence as early as 1898 and announced on accession to Greece in 1908.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Even after these territorial expansions, Greeks also lived a lot outside the country, especially in the Smyrna (present-day İzmir) region of Asia Minor.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1896, the first modern Olympic Games were held in Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

King George I was assassinated in 1913.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Rising to power came Konstantin I.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

He renounced the crown in 1917.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The new king became his son Alexander, who died in 1920.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Constantin I returned to power, but relinquished power again in 1922.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

After this, George II became king.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece entered World War I in 1917.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] Around the time and after the war, there were general calls for the annexation of the Greek territories of Asia Minor to Greece (Megáli idéa).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

After the peace agreement of Sèvres, the territories were under Greek control for some years, but Turkey did not sign the treaty.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Thus, in 1919—1922, Greece went to war with Turkey.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Greeks' ambition was to recapture even Constantinople.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] In Turkey, this war is known as the Turkish War of Independence.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The war led to the defeat of Greece in what is known as the Asia Minor Catastrophe.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The disaster culminated in the burning of the Greek city of Smyrna in 1922.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Treaty of Lausanne after the war meant Greece temporarily relinquished the territories it had gained, as well as compulsory population exchange between the two countries.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

About two million Greeks who remained on the Turkish side and Turks who remained on the Greek side were forced to move from their homes to the neighbouring country.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

As a result, a large number of people moved to the territory of present-day Greece at one time, which led to uncontrolled rapid growth of large cities, as well as social unrest.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Population exchange was done primarily on the basis of religion, not language.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Among the most prominent politicians of the early 20th century was the multiple prime minister Elefthérios Venizélos.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

King George II was deposed in 1923.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1924 Greece became a republic (so called: Second Greek Republic).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The monarchy was restored in 1935, and George II returned to regain power.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Meanwhile, Ioánnis Metaxás 1936—1941 served as the country's military dictator.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

After World War II began in 1939, Greece declared itself neutral.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1940, however, Greece went to war against Italy, which invaded the country, and then, in 1941, occupied by Germany.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Major battles of World War II in Greece included the Battle of Crete in 1941 as well as the takeover of the Dodecanese in 1943.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

As a result of the occupation, more than 100,000 people starved to death.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In addition, during the occupation period more than 50,000 Jews were taken from Greece to Auschwitz concentration camp and of the more than 50,000 Jews who lived in Thessaloniki, the vast majority were killed in concentration camps or in the city's sports stadium.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[24] After the war, Greece was a founding member of the United Nations in 1945.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1946—1949, Greece saw a civil war between Soviet-backed communists and U.S.-backed anti-communists, ending in victory for opponents of communism.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

This led to a decades-long split, with leftists and right-wingers humming each other.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1947, King Paul I.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In the same year, the Dodecanese islands, which had been under Italian rule since 1912, were annexed to Greece as the last territorial union.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1952 Greece joined the defense alliance NATO.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The last King of Greece served as Konstantin II, officially from 1964—1973.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1967, however, a right-wing military junta ousted the king and democratically elected government and seized power.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The junta was led by Geórgios Papadópoulos.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1974, Greek-Turkish relations became inflamed due to the situation in Cyprus and especially the Turkish occupation of Cyprus.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The junta fell the same year.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

A referendum was then held on the basis of which the monarchy was abolished.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece once again became a republic (so called: Greek Third Republic) in 1975.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Since the fall of the military junta, Greece has evolved into a normal Western democracy.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

From the 1970s until the 2010s, in power alternated between the Social Democrats PASOK and the Right New Democracy.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Notable politicians of the post-junta period were, in isolation, Konstantínos Karamanlís and Andréas Papandréou.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[5] In 1974, Greece withdrew from NATO command structures in protest against the occupation of Cyprus, but rejoined in 1980.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1981, Greece became a member of the EEC.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[19] The country benefited greatly from membership and the subsidies it brought, and has modernized its society and economy rapidly.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2001 Greece joined the Eurosystem.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2004, the country held the Summer Olympics, ahead of which the country had large building programmes implemented with debt money.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[25] In late 2009, the Greek economy slipped into a severe debt crisis.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

After early elections in October 2009, Geórgios Papandréou of the PASOK party became Prime Minister.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Since 2010, eurozone states and the IMF have provided Greece with new loans in a series of aid packages to deal with its debt crisis.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In return for the loans, Greece has been forced to agree to broad austerity and economic reforms.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Papandréou resigned in November 2011 as the country fell into deadlock in its debt crisis and a coalition government led by Loukás Papadímos was formed.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2012, power passed to the government of Antónis Samarás.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2015, elections were won by leftist Syriza, since which time the country has been run by a government led by Aléxis Tsípras.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Politics and Administration Political system The current Greek Constitution came into force on 11 June 1975 and has been supplemented in 1986, 2001 and 2008.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] According to the Constitution, Greece is a parliamentary republic in which power rests with the people.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Legislative powers are exercised by the Greek parliament and president, executive powers of the president and government, and jurisdiction by independent courts of law.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[26] The Greek Parliament is unicameral and consists of 300 MPs elected for four-year terms.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The majority in Parliament previously alternated between the two ruling parties, PASOK (Social Democrats) and New Democracy (Right).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Since the 2015 general election, however, the country's largest party has been the leftist Syriza.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[27] The head of state of Greece is the President of Greece, elected by Parliament.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The president doesn't have that much political power.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Since 2015, Prokópis Pavlópoulos serves as president.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Greek government is headed by the Greek prime minister


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Since 2015, Aléxis Tsípras of the Syriza Party serves as Prime Minister.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Voter turnout in the election has been around 64%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[28] Greeks trust politicians quite a bit due to the instability of the country's political history.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

More significant are personal and official relationships.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[29] The traditional system can be described as clientelism, that is, based on reciprocal favours.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[30] Administrative division Greece is divided administratively into seven regions of decentralized administration (apokentroméni dioíkis), divided into 13 regions (periféreia).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The regions are further subdivided into 74 regional units (perifereiakí enótita) and these into 325 municipalities (dímos).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[3] [31] Until the end of 2010, the territories were divided into 51 prefectures (nomós).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Furthermore, Greece includes Athos, or Holy Mountain Autonomous Monk State, which is a self-governing monastic state.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The territories and autonomous communities of Greece are: [3] [32] National Defence The Greek Armed Forces consist of the Land Forces (Ellinikós Stratós, ES), the Navy (Ellinikó Polemikó Naftikó, EPN) and the Air Force (Ellinikí Polimikí Aeroporía, EPA).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

All males aged 19—45 are conscripted.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Men's conscript service lasts for a year; women can apply for service as volunteers.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2015, the country spent about 4.5 percent of its gross domestic product on military spending.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Greece is a defense alliance NATO member since 1952.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Among other things, the country is involved in NATO peacekeeping missions in Afghanistan and Kosovo and fighting piracy in waters near the Horn of Africa.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[33] Foreign Policy For many years Greek foreign policy has been marked by the question of Cyprus and relations with Turkey.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

With Turkey, the country has had disputes not only over Cyprus but also border disputes and even intermittent clashes, especially in the Aegean region on the small Greek islands off the Turkish coast.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece has also had disputes with its northern neighbour the Republic of Macedonia over the country's name since 1992, as Greece wants the name to refer only to Greek Macedonia.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[34] In Greece, the Republic of Macedonia is referred to as Skópia (Skopje) according to its capital.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece actively opposes the use of the Macedonian name in international contexts as the name of the country, as well as the country's application for membership in NATO.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Economy The Greek economy is a market economy in which, however, the public sector has always played a strong role.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2015, the estimated gross domestic product was 286billionUSD.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

GDP per capita was around 26400USD, which is about two-thirds of the leading eurozone countries.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Actual GDP growth in 2013 was — 3.2%, in 2014 0.7% and in 2015 — 0.2%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Services account for about 81% of GDP, industry 15% and agriculture 4%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The public sector accounts for about 40% of GDP.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece is the largest recipient of EU aid, with subsidies accounting for about 3.3% of GDP.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Annual inflation in 2015 was around — 1.7%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] The Greek economy is based on large corporations and, on the other hand, extensive, often family-run private enterprise.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The size of the workforce was approximately 4791,000 people in 2015.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Of this, services accounted for about 72%, 15% in industry and 13% in agriculture.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece's main export products are food and beverages, petrochemical products, chemicals, as well as textiles and many other industrial goods.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The main imported goods to Greece are machinery, means of transport, fuels and chemicals.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Trade is strongly in deficit because many products need to be imported from abroad and foreign products are also often valued more than domestic ones.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[29] The currency of Greece is the euro, formerly the drachma.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece was admitted to the Eurosystem in 2001 and the euro came into use as cash from the beginning of 2002.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[35] Public finances and debt crisis The Greek economy has been in deficit for a long time.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Public debt has been taken for years from abroad for various building programmes, as well as raising public sector wages.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Euro membership made it easier to get a loan.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In late 2009, Greece's economy slipped into an acute debt crisis as obtaining a loan became more difficult as a result of the global economic crisis that began in 2008.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[25] [36] The EU Commission later clarified that Greece had glossed over its statistics to get into the euro.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Government finances were in debt for years before the financial crisis escalated, with public sector deficits higher than the permitted 3%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[37] [38] In the spring of 2010, other EU countries and the IMF decided to borrow money to bail out Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[39] In order to obtain aid, Greece agreed to drastically cut government spending.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece has, among other things, lowered or frozen public sector wages, raised the retirement age, increased taxes and privatized state assets.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The country's debt crisis has been persistent since then.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

GDP dropped from 2010 to 2015 by about 25%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[25] In 2015, unemployment was the worst in Europe, at around 25%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

As many as 52.4% of youth were unemployed, which is the highest figure in the world.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] By 2015, Greece's debt had reached EUR 320 billion and the country had been supported by 240 billion.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Debt accounted for the largest share of GDP in Europe, at 174%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[25] Between 2015 and 2016, faith in the recovery of the Greek economy began to grow.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Standard and Poor's says Greece's economy has proved more resilient than estimated.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece is no longer believed to be failing to pay its debt.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[40] Services and Tourism From the services sector, the largest companies in Greece include banks in particular.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The largest of them are the Bank of Greece, Ethnikí Trápeza (National Bank of Greece), Alpha Bank, Eurobank Ergasias and Trápeza Peiraiós (Bank of Piraeus).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[41] Other major companies include Aegean Airlines, betting company OPAP and telecommunications company OTE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[42] Greece is a well-known maritime nation and its merchant fleet, with 860 ships, is the 12th in the world.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Maximum.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] [43] Tourism is today a considerable source of income for Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2015, it accounted for about 18% of GDP.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Tourism has grown strongly.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 1988, about 8 million tourists visited the country, [5] in 1995 about 10 million tourists and in 2014 some 22 million tourists.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[44] Greece and the Greek archipelago are one of the world's most popular travel destinations.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Industry and energy production Greece's main industrial products include petrochemical products, chemicals, metal products, mining products, textiles, food and beverages, and tobacco.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] These typically have quite low breeding rates.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[37] Industrial development is hampered by lack of raw materials and energy.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece's electricity generation and consumption was around 57.6 billion kWh in 2012.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

70.4% of energy needs were covered by fossil fuels, the majority by oil, natural gas and lignite.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Renewables accounted for about 26.5%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Electricity is produced, among other mass, by hydroelectric dams on numerous reservoirs, as well as solar panels.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Hydropower accounted for about 11.4% of total generation and other renewable energy sources accounted for 15.1%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece does not use nuclear power.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] The largest industrial companies are the oil companies Motor Oil Hellas and Hellenic Petroleum, the state electricity company Dimósia Epicheírisi Ilektrismoú (DEI), and the beverage manufacturer Coca-Cola HBC.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[41] [43] Agricultural Greece remains an agricultural country in many respects, despite the mountainous nature of the country, the drought of summers and the intensity of erosion.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

As agricultural products, Greece produces cereals, fruits, vegetables, dairy products and, for industry, tobacco, cotton, sugar beets and grapes.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Agriculture's main export products include olive oil, olives and wine.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece is the world's third-largest producer of olive oil.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The processing of agricultural products is counted in industry statistics, and food processing is one of the most prominent industries in the country.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Most of Greece is meadow and rugged mountain pasture suitable only for holding sheep and goats.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Farmland is positioned in lowlands, hills and lower slopes of mountains.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Because of the limited resources invested in artificial irrigation, farmlands have often been placed in areas where rainfall is more abundant compared to the rest of the country.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Not only are olives an important export product, but there is also a significant domestic demand for olive oil.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[45] Forestry in Greece is very limited.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Tobacco is also grown in Greece, although it is hardly a source for foreign exports.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Transport in Greece is 45 larger airports, of which 15 are international airports, 26 are national airports and four are municipal airports.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[46] The busiest airports are Athens International Airport, Iraklion International Airport and Thessaloniki International Airport.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Athens field was used by about 20 million passengers in 2016.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[47] In particular, there are many tourist flights from abroad to international airports in the archipelago.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The busiest in charter flights is Iraklion Airport with about 4 million annual passengers.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[48] The largest airline in Greece is Aegean Airlines.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

There is a total of of road in Greece, of which there is paved road and of motorway.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] The most significant highways are the A1 from Athens to northern Greece and the border with the Republic of Macedonia, as well as the A2 running from the west coast to the Turkish border in northern Greece, namely the Egnatía Highway.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Long-distance bus services are operated by KTEL, a consortium of local bus operators.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

There are railways in the country, of which there are standard gauge and electrified track.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Rail transport is operated by the state railway company Organismós Sidirodrómon Elládos (OSE).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Athens Metro serves as the body of public transport in the Athens Metropolitan Area.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece is a major maritime country.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The main port cities are Piraeus, Thessaloniki, Patras and Asprópyrgos.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Ágioi Theódoroi has a major oil port.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] The inter-island ferry service is operated by numerous small ferry companies.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

At the end of the mainland, ferries to the Cyclades, Dodecanesia, Crete and the northern Aegean islands usually depart from Piraeus, while Patras has connections to Italy and the Ionian Islands.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Notable ferry companies include Anek Lines, Blue Star Ferries, Hellenic Seaways and Minoan Lines.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[49] The six kilometre-long Corinthian Canal shortens the sea distance between the east and west coasts of the country by 325 km compared to circling around the Peloponnese, [2] although it is only suitable for relatively small vessels.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Population In July 2016 it was estimated that Greece has a population of.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] In the previous official census in 2011, the population was.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[3] The birth rate is low, even if the country's culture is a child darling.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[29] Annual population growth in 2016 was around — 0.03%.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] The population density is 81 inhabitants per km².


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

78% of the population live in the cities.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Greece is a very homogeneous state and the majority of its inhabitants consider themselves ethnic Greeks.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

According to official figures, only 1% of residents speak non-Greek as their native language.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] However, small numbers of Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Pomaks, Roma and Wallacs exist in the country.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

However, ethnicity is not statistized.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Among those living in Greece are Greek citizens and citizens of other countries.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Most of the country's minorities live in the territory of northern Greece near the borders of neighboring countries.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

While the majority of Albanians stay in the country's largest cities illegally (estimated number about 300,000), northern Greece is also home to native Albanian speaking communities who are Orthodox and Greek citizens.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Major Greek cities in particular also have large numbers of undocumented immigrants from countries such as the Middle East and Africa.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Access to Greek citizenship at birth requires at least the citizenship of one parent.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Just being born in Greece is not enough to get citizenship.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

An immigrant must reside in the country for at least ten years before being eligible to apply for citizenship.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece accepts dual citizenship.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] 98% of the Greek population is baptized into the Orthodox Church.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Most of Greece is the territory of the Greek Orthodox Church.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

A separate Church of Crete operates in Crete, while the Northern Aegean Islands and the Dodecanese are directly under the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece also has a Muslim minority of about 1.3%, [2] consisting mostly of Turks.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In addition, there are small Catholic and Jewish communities in the country.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Public health The life expectancy of both Greek women and men in particular is well above the European average.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The average lifespan of the population in 2016 was 80.5 years, 83.3 for females and 77.9 years for males.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The average age of the population is 44.2 years, 45.3 for females and 43.1 years for males.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The birth rate is 8.5 per 1,000 persons per year and 1.42 children per woman.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The average age of first-born births is 31.2 years.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] The mortality rate is 11.2 per 1,000 inhabitants per year.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] The most common causes of death in 2002 were cerebral and myocardial infarctions.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[50] The Mediterranean diet, including nuts and olive oil combined with abundant eating of fish and vegetables, has been identified as healthy as a whole, but it has not been possible to demonstrate a single disease-fighting component.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[51] With urbanisation, eating habits have changed, and being overweight is a growing problem.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[52] Infant mortality is 4.6 per 1,000 births.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2016, there were an estimated 16,200 HIV/AIDS patients in the country.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Greece's health care expenditure was 8.1% of GDP in 2016.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] Education Approximately 68% of 25-64 year olds have completed upper secondary education, which is below the OECD average (76%).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[28] The literate rate was 97.7% of the population over 15 years of age, 96.9% of females and 98.5% of males.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2016, Greece's education expenditure was 4.1% of GDP.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] 22 universities and colleges operate in Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The oldest of them is the University of Athens, founded in 1837, which was also the first university in the Balkans and Eastern Mediterranean.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[53] The largest is the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki with over 95000 students.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[54] Culture Greek culture has evolved over thousands of years, originating as far back as the Bronze Age and the Archaic period of ancient Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Later it greatly influenced the culture of the Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman Empires.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Culture of Ancient Greece with Ancient Greek culture (700BC.— 400 d.)


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

has had a great influence in European history.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Ancient Greece is often referred to as the cradle of Western civilization.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece has developed themes such as democracy, philosophy, performing sculpture, Western literature and theatre, and historiography.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

For a long time, epic poetry was dominant in literature, represented by, among others, Homer, regarded as the author of Ilias and the Odyssey.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Later, lyrical poetry and ancient Greek theater developed.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The big names in Greek tragedy are Aiskhylos, Sophocles and Euripides, in comedy's turn Aristofanes and Menandros.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The religion of Ancient Greece was polygods.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

It involves extensive Greek mythology, which was often the subject of literature and sculpture and has influenced much later art.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

As instruments, the kithara and aulos were the most common and prestigious.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Building art was at a high level already in prehistoric times, such as the huge castle and palace ruins of Knossos, Mykene and Tiryns from the second millennium BCE.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

show.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Ancient Greek architecture is particularly known for large, often Doorian temples, such as the Parthenon and the Olympian Temple of Zeus.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Byzantine culture Byzantine culture (ca.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

400—1453) denotes the medieval culture that flourished in the Byzantine Empire, or Eastern Rome.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In it, Hellenistic and Oriental ingredients were aligned with Christianity that emerged as the power religion.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The greatest monuments of building art of that time, such as the Hagia Sophia, are outside the contemporary borders of Greece, but Byzantine churches and monasteries with murals and mosaics have also survived on Greek territory.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Byzantine cultural heritage continues to live first and foremost in the liturgical life of the Orthodox Church and in the country's numerous monasteries.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Newer Greek culture Greece is a very conservative country and traditions are strongly respected and maintained.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Although a large proportion of Greeks live in large cities, many have roots and close links to “authentic Greece” in the small villages of the countryside and archipelago.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

It is sometimes said that Greek traditional life spending involves “watching the world go about its spending,” and the country is changing slowly on many issues.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[55] Culture is family-oriented.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The church's position remains strong, with the question “are you Orthodox?” is almost synonymous with the question “are you Greek?” with.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[29] Greece is known for its folk dances and music, as well as traditional national costumes, among other things.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greek cuisine is typically Mediterranean for geographical and historical reasons.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

It traditionally uses raw materials from the region: fresh herbs, olive oil, tomatoes and lemons, and fish.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Greek salad, horiatiki, contains feta in addition to vegetables.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

For men, the central place of socialization is a commuter café (kafeneío), and especially for women a church.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[29] The largest feast in Greece is every spring Easter (Páscha), which is scheduled according to the Orthodox calendar.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Great Week (Megáli Evdomáda) culminates in the liturgy of Easter Night, when Christós anésti is greeted!


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

(“Christ rose from the dead!”).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The second major religious holiday in Greece is the day of the Fatal Sleep of the Virgin Mary (Koímisis tis Theotókou) on 15 August.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Both celebrations include a meeting of relatives.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Greek National Day is 25 March and commemorates the uprising that started the Greek War of Independence in 1821.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The same day is also the day of the Annunciation of Mary (Evangelismós).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[56] Other notable religious celebrations include Carnival Sunday of Shrove (Apokriés) and Pure Monday of the beginning of Lent (Katharí Deftéra), Day of the Assumption of Christ (Análipsi), Pentecost (Pentikostí), Birthday of the Virgin Mary (Génnisis tis Theotókou) September 8, Christmas ( Christoúgenna) on 25 December, as well as the Feast of the Birth of God (Sýnaxis tis Theotókou) on 26 December.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Christmas gifts are given in the New Year and are brought by Santa Claus, or St. Nicholas, instead of Saint Basileios (Ágios Vasíleios), who is celebrated just on 1 January.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The days dedicated to the saints of the church are celebrated by churches, monasteries and localities dedicated specifically to these.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

These are large village parties (panigýri) which include open-air dinners as well as folk songs and dances.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

These days are at the same time the name days of the people named after the saints in question, which are celebrated more than birthdays.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Notable such days are, due to the generality of the names, not only the Day of the Annunciation of Mary, when the names María, Déspoina, Panagióta and Panagiótis are celebrated, but also, among others, April 23 (Geórgios), May 21 (Konstantínos and Eléni), June 30 (Ágioi Apóstoloi, that is, all the apostles), 26. October (Dimítrios), 8 November (Michaíl and Gavriíl) and 6 December (Nikólaos).


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[56] A notable Pan-Greek place of celebration and pilgrimage in connection with the Maria celebrations on 25 March and 15 August is the Panagía Evangelístria Church in Tínos.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Other notable pilgrimage sites in Greece include the monastery of John the Theologian in Pátmos, as well as Mount Athos.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

However, Athos is only accessible to men.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

On May Day, or 1 May (Protomagiá), spring and laborers are celebrated.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

On October 28, Patriotic Óchi Day is celebrated.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[56] Of the Greek writers, two have received the Nobel Prize in Literature: Giórgos Seféris in 1963 and Odysséas Elýtis in 1979.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[57] Film director Michális Kakogiánnis has been nominated for an Oscar five times.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

His best-known work is Tell Me, Zorbas from 1964.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[58] In the Eurovision Song Contest, Greek Élena Paparízou won in 2005.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[59] World Heritage Sites in Greece has 18 sites on the UNESCO World Heritage List, all of which represent the prehistoric period, antiquity or the Middle Ages: [60] Acropolis, Athens Castle Mountain Temple of Apollo Epicurios in Bassai Shrine of Asklepios In Epidauros Mount Athos with its monasteries the village of Chóra, the monastery of John the Theologian and the Cave of the Annunciation on the island of Pátmos Dafní, Ósios Loukás and Chíos Nea Moní monasteries Delphi Archaeological Site Delos, the mythical birthplace of the god Apollon Corfu Old City Meteora Monasteries on almost inaccessible cliffs Archaeological sites of Mykene and Tiryns Ruins of Mystras (Mistra) with fortresses, palaces, churches and monasteries Olympia archaeological site Pythagoreion and Heraion Sámos of Rhodes Medieval City of Thessaloniki Early Christian and Byzantine Monuments Vergina Archaeological Site Media The most used news media in Greece is television.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In 2009, it was the main news channel for 78% of Greeks.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Television used to be a state monopoly, but since the late 1980s commercial stations have taken the largest market share.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

There are about 150 private television channels in the country, a dozen of which operate nationwide.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Radio regulation is minimal, and there are about 1500 radio stations.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece's public broadcaster is Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi (ERT), which has several television and radio channels.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Other notable broadcasters and channels include Alpha TV, ANT1, Mega Channel, Skaï and Star Channel.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

A large number of newspapers, both nationwide and local, appear in Greece.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Major newspapers that appear daily include Eleftherotypía, I Kathimeriní and Ta Néa.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Internet users made up about 67% of the population in 2015.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[2] [61] Sports Greece was the home country of the Olympian Games, or “ancient Olympic Games”, and therefore the natural choice to host the first modern Olympic Games, the 1896 Summer Olympics.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The country also hosted the 1906 Intermediate Games as well as the 2004 Summer Olympics.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Greece has participated in every Summer Olympics and most Winter Olympics since 1936.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[62] The most popular team sport in Greece is football.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The country championship has been played since 1927.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The main league of football is the Greek Superleague and the second highest league level Football League.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The most successful teams are Athenian Panathinaikos FC and Piraeus-based Olympiakos FC.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The Greece national football team qualified for the final tournament of the Football World Cup in 1994, 2010 and 2014.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

The final tournament of the European Football Championship was won by Greece in 2004.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

In April 2013, it was ranked 12th in the FIFA rankings.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[63] Greece hosts the Acropolis Rally, part of the World Rally Championship series, which is over 50 years old and, due to its circumstances, one of the toughest car races in the world.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

[64] Sources On the topic elsewhere — the official tourism website of the Greek state Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What was the population of Greece in 2010?

Greece

(in Greek) — information on Greek tourism * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Marshal Mannerheim's equestrian statue

The equestrian statue of Marshal Mannerheim in Helsinki is a monument sculpted by sculptor Aimo Tukiainen, where Finnish Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim sits on his horse.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Marshal Mannerheim's equestrian statue

It is located on Marshal's title street Mannerheimintie in Helsinki.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Marshal Mannerheim's equestrian statue

[1] The statue was unveiled on 4 June 1960 [2] on Mannerheim's birthday.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Marshal Mannerheim's equestrian statue

Mannerheim was the first of Finland's presidents to design a statue.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The equestrian statue of Marshal Mannerheim

However, the statue in Helsinki is only the fourth of the statues in Mannerheim.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The statue of Lauri Leppäsen Mannerheim was unveiled on 4 June 1955 in Seinäjoki, the statue of Mannerheim sculpted by Evert Porila on 4 June 1956 in Tampere and the equestrian statue by Veikko Leppäsen Mannerheim on 19 December 1959 in Lahti.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The first Mannerheim monument was an obelisk-like memorial passe in Montreux, Switzerland, unveiled on 14 May 1955, a couple of weeks before the statue of Seinäjoki.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[3] In addition, K. J. Ståhlberg of the presidents had time to get the statue to Helsinki before Mannerheim in 1959.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[4] The choice of the equestrian statue as the type of sculpture was justified not only by the fact that Mannerheim was a horseman, but also by the fact that in the world equestrian statues have been erected for rulers and great warlords.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[5] In Finnish sculpture, they almost did not exist before the Mannerheim statues of Helsinki and Lahti.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[6] Names and nominations The name of the proposal that won and executed the sculpture competition was Marshal of Finland C.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

G. Mannerheim.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The work was inaugurated at the unveiling as an equestrian statue of Marshal Mannerheim, which became its official name.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

It has also been called the Mannerheim equestrian statue, the Mannerheim statue and the statue of Marski.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Parts and models of the monument The 5.4 metre high bronze cavalry itself rests on a red granite pedestal 6.3 metres high and 6.3 long and 2.72 metres wide, and have a combined height of 11.7 metres.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[7] A box has been placed inside the pedestal containing the names of all those involved in the collection of the statue as stored on microfilms.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[2] The monument is quite detailed and truthful.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The horse in the sculpture is often said to be the marshal's last steed Käthy, although the horse does not in principle present any particular horse individual.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

When making the first competition draft in autumn 1953, Tukiainen used as his model a horse ordered from Lieutenant Colonel Eero-Eetu Saari and the stables of the Defence Establishment, which was to resemble as much as possible the Mannerheim horse.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[8] The army borrowed a Bessarabian horse as a model, whose features were modified by Tukiainen, though Tukiainen received a Hanoverian version of the sculpture.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[9] However, the basic premise of the statue's horse is the Käthy mare, whose step species was chosen as the so-called free walk to the equestrian statues instead of a general gallop or trot.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[10] Before deciding the competition, it was considered whether Mannerheim's horse stepping in the manner of a statue was possible at all, so the statue committee became familiar with the trajectories of the horses” legs, among other things, by means of slow-motion film.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[2] In making the final statue sketch, Tukiainen used picture and film footage as an aid.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Instead of the costume of a cavalry general, Mannerheim was desired to be depicted in the marshal's outfit with his honours


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

For Mannerheim for the statue, a fur cap and uniform (m/36, buttons visible, pockets), a belt and command belt, a sword of honour, a row of complete decorations and a pair of chest stars were chosen as clothing.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[11] Initially, the outfit had been a lightweight field coat (m/41), but practically not combined with a fur coat.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[11] Tukiainen did not carve as many decorations on the statue as hoped because they would have become too many.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

However, the attributes have been accurately implemented, because according to Tukiainen's principles, all the details of the statue should also withstand close scrutiny, even though they may not be seen from below.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Background work and ideation during Mannerheim's lifetime The first ideas about the statue were put forward after the Civil War, and the idea originated possibly from the Mannerheim Staff circle.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[12] The equestrian statue project was originally linked to the capital's statue of independence and liberty plans planned in the late 1910s.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] Various equestrian statues were also designed as a war memorial in other parts of Finland.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

However, the matter did not progress for years.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

In 1928, Julius Polin, the director of the Kymin factory, donated 100000 marks for the statue as a foundation fund, but made it a condition that the project could be started within 15 years.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[14] Planning for the equestrian statue in Mannerheim was begun in the 1930s.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[1] 1937 was a donation of 500000 marks from the Finnish Industrial Association.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[14] After that, preparations began to be made for a statue committee.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

A total of 49 members entered the committee.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[14] After the establishment of the Statues Committee, a general fundraising effort was conducted in 1938.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[1] As the Committee was not an entity that could have obtained a collection permit, the permit was acquired by the Federation of Independence.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[15] Mannerheim himself had little hesitation about the statue project: apparently he doubted the competence of Finnish artists and also considered the domestic political situation too timid for a monument like this one.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[16] At the same time, however, he was troubled by whether the statue's horse and riding posture would be authentic.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[16] In Finland, artists did not have the opportunity to make large-sized horse sculptures because there were no orders for them and pending projects had not been implemented.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[17] The ignition of the Winter War was one of the reasons that led to the statue project being frozen.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[1] It was then that the fundraising was stopped at the wish of Mannerheim himself, and he subsequently forbade the implementation of the entire project during his lifetime.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[16] By the start of the war, half a million marks had been collected in collections, which had grown by 1941 to 1.7 million thanks to interest and new donations.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[15] A location was also sought for the statue by means of a competition of ideas, but no solutions were reached yet.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Following Mannerheim's death, after Mannerheim died, the Student Union of the University of Helsinki established the Finnish Marshal Riding Statue Delegation in 1951.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] It was chaired first by Antti Tulenheimo, Chancellor of the University of Helsinki, then by Erik Lönnroth, President of that university.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[1] Colonel Adolf Ehrnrooth was also a member.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Mannerheim himself had collected images of various equestrian statues, which were used by the statue delegation to aid in brainstorming the statue.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[16] In January 1952, a second fundraising effort began in connection with the commemorations.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[18] Then a total of 78 million marks were raised from 737503 donors [1] [19], or about EUR 2,3 million in current money.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[20] In addition, donations were received from outside the list collection.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The collection lists with autographs were microfilmed and microfilms were placed on the foundations of the 1959 statue's pedestal.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The collection lists themselves had been donated to the Mannerheim Museum, bound as books.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[19] The fundraising was so successful that the rest of the money was also able to buy Mannerheim's birthplace, Louhisaari Manor in Askais.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The mansion was donated to the state and was made a museum subordinate to the Office of Museums.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[7] Design competitions There were two design competitions for the equestrian statue.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

More demanding tasks in Finland had not previously been offered to sculptors, and both competitions employed many of them for about three years.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[21] Before the competitions, though, it was generally thought that the statue would be commissioned from the sculptor Wäinö Aaltonen either directly or as a result of the competition, because he had the necessary experience.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[21] The first race of the Finnish Marshal rider statue race was declared in December 1952, [22] and the first leg was decided in February 1954.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[23] The competition was open to all Finnish sculptors and architects.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Participants were required to have a non-patinated plaster model (scale 1:5), a floor plan of the site with arrangements (1:200), a written explanation of materials and more and a large cost estimate.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[24] The intention was to award three prizes (I prize 750000 mk, II prize 500000 mk and III prize 300000 mk), redeem three drafts (150000 mk apiece) and award honours.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[24] For example, there were no instructions on Mannerheim's outfit and horse, although pictures of the Käthy horse were included in the competition programme.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Because the competition programme was loose, the proposals were very different.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The award committee expressed its wish that any future new competition would focus attention on authenticity.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[24] Many members of the Sculptors' Union criticised the failure to make clear in advance what kind of statue was desired.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[25] None of the suggestions that arrived were considered worthy of the first prize.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The second prize was shared between Wäinö Aaltonen (work Saint Vala) and sculptor Heikki Konttinen (work CGEM).


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[4] [24] The third prize was awarded by sculptor Pekka Alava with his proposal Pro Finlandia 3, in addition to which three more works to be redeemed were selected after disagreements.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[24] Aaltonen was angered by the solution because he had considered himself a clear winner.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

However, he was later commissioned to design the Mannerheim tomb monument in Hietaniemi Cemetery.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[26] The statue proposals were exhibited in the Knight's Room and caused debate.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

As the competition was held in name badge sheds, it is not known exactly who took part in the race after all, but not only professionals but also enthusiast sculptors were involved.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

A total of 46 proposals came from 44 pseudonyms, for example Aaltonen is known to have sent two works under different pseudonyms.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[24] Discussion of the monument focused on hippological details.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] The key issue was considered to be the position of the horse and what it should be made.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[25] There were discussions about the naturalness of the horse's step and anatomy, as well as the uniform and decorations of the marski.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] Proposals for the competition and also the awardees were vigorously criticised, among other things, by the public sections of the magazines.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Something was found wrong with many horses, and Mannerheim's character was not considered successful in any proposal.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[27] Discussions showed that realism was believed to focus on its subject and offer the subject as a transparent reality, rather than as a style or genre interpretation.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Wäinö Aaltonen questioned such views, pointing out that even during the Renaissance the horses did not look like Verrocchio's works.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] Another competition The Sculptors Union proposed a new freer competition, which would be both invitational and general competition.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[28] The statue delegation decided to organise it right away.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Laureates from the previous competition criticised the fact that during the second competition others get to benefit from the work and results of the first competition.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[29] The race was settled in the fall of 1954.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Fifty-eight proposals arrived, ten of which had to be removed, for example, because of the wrong scale.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] Among others, sculptors Wäinö Aaltonen, Matti Haupt, Yrjö Liipola and Eila Hiltunen opted out of the new competition.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] [31] Aaltonen and Hiltunen had both requested an extension of the race time but received a negative response.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] Wäinö Aaltonen justified his withdrawal from the recompetition with an unreasonable insistence on naturalism.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

In his view, centuries of enduring art were not created with the power of naturalism, but superior as a language aimed at persuasion was classicism.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Aaltonen's withdrawal has also been interpreted as the old master having to admit to the stinging disappointment of his ouster.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] This time, the race programme had further defined aspirations for Mannerheim and the horse.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Participants were required plaster models of the entire statue (scale 1:4, with the assumption that the height of the statue would be 5—5.5 meters) and separately from the head of Mannerheim (scale 1:2), but another detalji was also permitted.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] The height of the pedestal was not specified as it would have to be in a certain proportion to the rest of the statue and would have to be checked at the place of placement.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The draft had to be offered as a separate one, devoid of a tripod.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] There were no architectural members on the award committee this time, as no plans were now desired for a place to invest.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Instead, there were sculptors involved, though none of them were from abroad, even if the Sculptors' Union had so desired.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] Three prizes amounting to 300,000 marks were allocated, but the amount ended up being distributed in different prizes: 400000 (I prize), 300000 (II prize) and 200000 marks (III prize).


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] The panel chose the proposal made by Aimo Tukiainen and Oskari Jauhiainen, although the version was made by Tukiainen alone.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[2] The name of the proposal was Marshal of Finland.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

G. Mannerheim.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The assistants had been sculptor Heikki Häivoja and horse expert Colonel Viljo Forssell.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[32] The second prize was awarded by sculptor Kalervo Kallio with his proposal with the People and the third by sculptor Jyrki Sailo Talisman.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] The third prize would have originally been awarded to the second proposal of Jauhiainen and Tukiainen, of which Jauhiainen had made the main part, but it did not receive the prize because the competition programme had asked to leave the work of the same author under the same pseudonym.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[30] As a result of design competitions, at least Veikko Leppäsen Lahti's Mannerheim equestrian statue (1959) to Lahti were created in Lahti, as well as Nina Terno's mounted image of the Marshal in the corridor of the Tampere Community School (1961).


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[33] The selection of the site for investment was nominated, for example, Tähtitorninmäki, Hesperianesplanadi in Mannerheimintien and the interest of Parliament House.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[2] In the 1930s, it was thought of as a place for example the Senate Square and the business house of Hankijan, [34] located on the corner of Mannerheimintien and Arkadiankatu.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Of the options, the surroundings of Parliament House had been considered the most.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

At the end of the 1930s, the Statues Committee organised a competition for the place of placement, but all 17 proposals had proposed just Parliament House Square, to which the competition had specifically tried to seek an alternative.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[35] Although Mannerheim himself had hoped that the location of the prospective statue would not be the Purchaser's Square or the surroundings of Parliament House.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[36] In the 1950s, the issue was raised again.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Several different options were thought through and explored.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Representing the National Museum was then considered the best solution, albeit on condition that two monuments already there could be relocated.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[37] For example, the architect, Professor Otto-Iivari Meurman, criticised the choice because, according to him, the overall artistic impression would be weak and trees in the surroundings of Parliament House would have to be cut down.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[38] Later, an adverse decision was also received from the Government regarding the placement of the statue in the National Museum.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

In the autumn of 1951, Suomen Kuvalehti held a vote among its readers, and more than half of the respondents supported those represented by either the National Museum or the Presidential Palace, but new proposals were also presented.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[36] The rock area of Hesperian Park was the place where the participants of the first design competition were primarily to formulate their own statue proposal.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[39] For example, Chief Architect Ilmari Launis criticised the place and presented a number of his own proposals for the place of investment, including arrangements.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The decision to place the statue on the square in front of the Post House was taken in 1956, and today the square is called Mannerheimin Square.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[2] The site had been proposed by sculptors Tukiainen and Jauhiainen while participating in another design competition.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[40] Several more of the proposed sites had been carted out due to impracticality, as there needed to be sufficient looseness around the statue and space for, among other things, visits of honour.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Also, the central location was considered a criterion for venue selection.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Stages of Work Sketches and Final Version When the competition was resolved in 1954, it was agreed that both sculptors would first make plain plaster sketches.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The final height was agreed to be 5.5 meters without a stand.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[41] A plaster model in scale 1:3 was given a year of production time, after which there would be three years to make the model in natural size.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[41] Tukiainen and Jauhiainen also concluded a written agreement whereby the two would start work independently and cooperation would continue at a later date.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

However, the sculptors' views on both collaborative making and artistic solutions diverged as the design work progressed so that the contract was dissolved.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Jauhiainen said he disconnected himself from the equestrian statue job in June 1956.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[42] After checking both drafts, it was decided that Tukiainen would make the final version because Jauhiainen's draft had not been exported to the end.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[10] Tukiainen had travelled around Europe in the spring of 1955 exploring the equestrian statues.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[32] A new atelier building was built for him to work on the equestrian statue, Lauttasaari, which was completed in late 1956.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[43] The contributors were Heikki Häivoja and Kain Tapper.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[44] Tukiainen was under great pressure, the work received an exceptional amount of publicity at its stage and was “controlled” by higher bodies.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[45] [46] Although Italian sculptor Francesco Messina, who was visiting Finland, advised Tukiainen to stick to his own designs.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[46] The large-scale project prevented Tukiainen from accepting other larger works.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Tukiainen's working conditions Aimo Tukiainen's son Heikki Tukiainen recalled in his interview that the work was originally planned to be performed at Tukiainen's home in Lauttasaarentie.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Rooms on the upper floor were demolished from the house to accommodate the statue in the atelier.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

However, due to scale ratios, it was found that it would be better to build an atelier to put the work on a six-metre high pedestal.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Most of the work was done in a place about a mile and a half from Tukiainen's home.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

According to Heikki Tukiainen, Marshal Mannerheim's last horse Käthy was at least once a model at home, and it also visited the atelier more often.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Heikki Tukiainen recalled walking as a ten-year-old little boy every now and then to his father's atelier where the work was done.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

“Daddy didn't show much at home.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

In the morning he left six to seven ashore and often worked until late in the evening.” Heikki Tukiainen said he wondered afterwards what kind of rag his father got into when he was making the statue.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

'After all, it's been a huge challenge, both mentally and physically.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The schedules were tight and for a statue project of such significance nationally, there must have been advisers on both the left and the right.” Heikki Tukiainen said that his father did not listen to much advice.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

After the unveiling of the Marski statue in the 1960s, Aimo Tukiainen's artistic trend went from performing art to a more abstract direction.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Casting works The plastoline model was completed in early 1959, but it was difficult to find a decent plaster casting agent.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Tukiainen himself would have liked to have been cast by Danish Paul Ferdinandsen, but when the price estimate of this was too expensive, the Finnish cast member Yrjö Ruutu eventually became the author.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[47] The statue was cast in bronze at the Elias Halonen foundry in Lapinlahti.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[2] Although other options from abroad had also been explored first.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Tukiainen would have preferred the statue to be cast in one piece, but since there was no sufficiently large blast furnace, the cast in bronze had to be carried out in parts.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[48] The cast parts were combined with each other in Helsinki later in the spring.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[44] The foundry burned down a few weeks after the unveiling celebrations of the equestrian statue and the statue's casting molds were destroyed, but the plaster molds were deposited in storage on the lands of Kirkniemi Manor.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[49] The pedestal and statue area The erection area of the pedestal and the statue were designed jointly by Aimo Tukiainen and architect Osmo Sipari.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The soil in the area contained not only sand but also clay, so to prevent subsidence, concrete piles extending through the clay layer were juntated to the foundations.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[50] Originally a park was planned on the site, but the number of trees remained at three linden trees.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[50] The plateau on which the statue is located was paved with red granite slabs.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Due to the slope of the terrain, a granite retaining wall was also made, continuing further afield as concrete.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The stone material is red granite called Balmoral Red, also called rapakivigranite.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[51] Erik Lönnroth, chairman of the statue delegation, professor and rector, initially planned that the pedestal could be hewn from a single boulder of stone, but the idea was abandoned due to the high price and difficult transportation.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[52] The pedestal was made of several boulders.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

It has a base area of 2.72 × 6.3 meters and also has a height of 6.3 meters.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[52] The stones form only the exterior of the plinth, the inner part is filled with reinforced concrete.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Attached to the plinth is the name “Mannerheim” and the years of the marshal's life, in addition, the lowest stone bears the name of the statue's author and the year of completion.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

There was disagreement over the placement of the texts.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

After the unveiling, already in the first summer the plinth had become blotches from the combined effect of rainwater, copper salts from the process of patinating the statue, and concrete, but the spots were cleared and the plinth was re-grouted.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[52] Tukiainen thinks that filling with concrete was a mistake.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

He thinks the plinth would have withstood the movement of the waters if only a well had been made into it, when now the waters are draining from the seams and fouling the granite.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[9] Unveiling the statue The statue was unveiled on June 4, 1960.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The occasion had originally been envisaged for one of Mannerheim's anniversaries, but the level years proved too early.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[53] The pedestal had been ready since the previous fall, but the statue itself was moved into place a week before the occasion, on the night of 27 and 28 May.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[53] Already in the morning, Mannerheim's tomb had been made an honorary visit and it was flowered.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The unveiling was a media event that was radioed and televised nationwide.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] The occasion started at 3pm and lasted for an hour.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[54] At the unveiling ceremony, President Urho Kekkonen gave a speech and received a passing march of the 5000-person troop detachment with Finnish military leaders.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The occasion forgot to mention the name of the author of the statue.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[31] The surroundings of the statue were divided into different areas according to the programme of guests and the occasion: [55] President of the Republic, Council of State, Ambassadors of foreign countries, Marshal's relatives, delegations (400 persons) Nominous Finnish civilian audience (2500 persons) War valids (2500 persons) Persons) Knights of the Mannerheim Cross (100 persons) General and other officers (170 persons) Newspaper press (150 persons) Parade reception place, foreign military agents Singers, ringer Veterans of war of the previous century (100 persons) Marshal Title Force Section (1500 persons) Invited guests and veterans departments (5000 persons) Other audience (5000 persons) However, there was clearly more audience.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Estimates vary: According to Helsingin Sanomat and New Finland, the population numbered around 50,000 people, but Lönnroth, chairman of the statue delegation, estimated that up to 100,000 people were present.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[56] Three lion flags had been completed by Lönnroth and were hoisted on flagpoles despite a government ban not to use non-standard blue-cross flags.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[57] As a result of the invitation competition, a commemorative medal was to be awarded to invited guests.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The invited guests were 600 people at the Kalastajatorpa evening party.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[58] Political background and criticism Not only was the statue designed to commemorate Mannerheim, but it was also thought to symbolize independence, with an associated monument in Helsinki not yet.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Mannerheim had been in the Civil War as commander-in-chief of the White Army.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

At the end of the 1930s, the statue was annexed to the march of white people to Helsinki on 16 May 1918.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[59] The statue is located almost on the same spot where Mannerheim was received after the march.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

In the 1950s, in turn, there was a desire to stress the importance of Mannerheim as a leader in the Winter and Continuation War.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[60] Admittedly, in the postwar period, the execution of the statue was more problematic than before the wars, as it could be considered a politically sensitive issue.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[61] Similar monuments were also considered artistically old-fashioned and alien to the era.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[61] After erection, the statue received criticism for being old-fashioned: instead of a realistic statue, a more recent modernist work would have been desired.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The attention soon turned mainly positive, though views on Mannerheim himself have also influenced how his monument has been interpreted.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Already in the early 1950s, the plan of the statue tore open old wounds and annoyed the working class.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[62] In the spring of 1960, the People's Democrats' magazine People's News, the project was met with vigorous opposition from the public and considered, among other things, a war provocation.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[62] A couple of days before the unveiling of the statue in Hakaniemi Square, representatives of various left-wing parties (at least SKP and SKDL) were planning their own memorial to commemorate the Red Guards.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[63] Officially no concrete proposals were made to destroy the statue of Mannerheim, although there were hints in left-wing magazines in that direction and attacking members of the statue delegation.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[63] The House Democrats boycotted the paraphernalia.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] Artistic significance The Left was rejecting the Mannerheim statue project even before the competitions.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

In addition to the attention guaranteed by the mandate, the competition was about the internal hierarchy of the profession.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

In an interview with the Social Democrat, Aimo Tukiainen pointed out his own working-class backgrounds.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

He explained that he acted like a professional man in his role.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

Tukiainen has been stressed to have taken the task as a mandate dictated by precise expectations, but the sculptor also stressed that he wanted to portray Mannerheim as a leader rising above the rest.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] Tukiainen's sketch (1954) was positively received by Criticism, but in 1960 the work was rejected by a young generation of critics and artists for both political and aesthetic reasons.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

It was speculated that the Budapest events of 1956, in which statues of Stalin had disappeared, as well as the dismantling of the Stalin cult that began in the Soviet Union, may have cast an embarrassing shadow on the Mannerheim cult of personnel.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

The worship of great men was commonly perceived in Europe as an anti-democratic phenomenon.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

[13] The gesture-less realism of Mannerheim's equestrian statue has been seen as considered political correctness.


Question: How is the Finnish marshal defined?

While the piece lacks a spectacular rhetorical gesture, the gesture-lessness also highlights unquestionable leadership.