Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Filippos obtained a marriage between Alexander of Molossia and his own daughter Cleopatra (who was a niece of Alexander of Molossia).


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[28] The background to Philip's murder is complex.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

It is reported that Attalos was a friend of a young Pausania.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

This Pausanias had told Attalos that a certain Pausanias Orestilainen mocked him.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Attalos's friend planned to die valiantly because of this.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

This was the case in 336 BC.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

In the battle fought in Illyria.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Attalos avenged his friend's death by getting another Pausania drunk and allowing his servants to rape her.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

According to Justinus, Attalos himself would have raped Pausania.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The year 336 BC.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

In the spring, Attalos was appointed to command the army to be sent to Asia Lesser with Parmenion.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Philip was reluctant to condemn Attatalo, and therefore Pausanias directed his vengeance towards the king.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[27] Filippos was assassinated during the post-wedding contests of Alexander and Cleopatra of Molossia in the autumn of 336 BCE.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The murderer was Pausanias.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

There is suspected to have been a much wider conspiracy plot in the background.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Alexander and Olympia are also suspected to have been partners in this conspiracy.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Shortly after Philip's death, Alexander III was proclaimed king.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[29] Philip's army Before Filippo, the Macedonian army was poorly armed and of poor quality.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

After the defeat suffered by Perdikka, it was also quantitatively small.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Unlike the Greek states, the Macedonian infantry did not have a military tradition, but consisted mostly of peasants armed with field tools.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

During his reign, Filippos reformed the army so that it became the best of the entire Greek world.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[30] The pride of the Macedonian army was its heavy cavalry, made up of Macedonian landowners.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

They were considered comrades (hetairoi) of the king.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The cavalry was organized into an escadrone (ilai).


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

At the beginning of Philip's career, the cavalry strength was about 600, possibly only 200.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

By the time he died, there were already over 3,000 of them.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The cavalry fought in wedge formation.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[31] Infantry soldiers were referred to as pezhetairoi.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Soldiers were also put on training in peacetime.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The infantry soldiers formed a phalang, and their weapons were six-foot Sarisa spears.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Sarisa has sometimes been claimed to be an invention of Philip.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Philip's intention was to bring about a military force that would remain to strike the famous phalang of Thebes.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

From the front, the phalange was almost invincible.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

At the time of Philip's death, the army numbered about 37,000 infantry soldiers.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[32] The army included other units, primarily from areas controlled by Macedonia.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

For example, Thessalian cavalry was used.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Thessaly was famous for its horses.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The army also included mercenaries from Greek city-states.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[33] During the Third Holy War, Filippos experienced his greatest defeat when he encountered an enemy with catapults.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Subsequently, the Macedonian army was equipped with the best siege machines of its time.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Polyeidos Thessalian, Philippos's chief engineer, developed a new type of catapult (catapeitai Makedonikoi) capable of firing stones and heavy arrows further than before.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[34] The family of Philip Philip had a large number of wives, and there is not even a certainty as to the identity of all.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The most important wife, however, was Olympias, with whom Filippos had one son, Alexander the Great.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Olympias was not Macedonian but sister of Alexander, King of Epirus.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Filippos and Olympias married at least before 357 BC.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

They also had a daughter Cleopatra.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[35] In addition to Olympia, Philip's wives were: [35] Fila of the province of Elimiotis.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

His father was Derdas, ruler of Elimiotis.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Help from Illyria.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

With Audata, Filippos had a daughter, Kynane, who married the deposed Amyntas IV.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Filinna from the town of Larissa in Thessaly.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

With Filinna, Filippos had a daughter Thessalonike and a son Filippos Arridaios, who after the death of Alexander the Great became king of Macedonia.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Nikesipolis (Νικησίπολις) from the Thessalian city of Ferai.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Meda (Μήδα) was the daughter of Kothela, king of the Getes living north of Macedonia.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Cleopatra Eyrydike (Κλεοπάτρα Ευρυδικη), niece of Attalos, whom Filippos married shortly before his death.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Historian Junianus Justinus mentions one son, Karanos, who would have been Alexander the Great's half-brother.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Justinus is considered unreliable and no other sources can be found on Karano.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[36] Filippos as a person, Filippo is characterised as very tough and coarse in manners, but at the same time a very intelligent, powerful and capable ruler.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

He was very brave, always fighting in the front row with his troops and leading his troops from the front.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

He also knew how to deal with people and act diplomatically if necessary.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

He was a skilled organiser and knew how to apply the novelties of war technique and tactics to his own army and make it a power-maker of his time.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

It was precisely to him that Macedonia emerged from a semi-barbaric, backward kingdom to the local superpower of its time.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[38] Some flying phrases have been put in the name of Philip: Another very famous saying that has been put in Philip's mouth: Ancient sources Ancient historians Theopompos Chhioslainen wrote 58 books of Philip, who dealt mainly with Philip reign.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The work was completed in 324 BC.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The work also dealt with many other events of the time, geography, culture and religion.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Marcus Junianus Justine's summary of Philippica, Historiarum Philippicarum libri XLIV has survived to the present day.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Several fragments of Philippica have also survived.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[39] Another important source covering the reign of Philip is the world history of Diodoros the Sicilian.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[40] Speeches by the Athenian reetors Demosthene and his political opponent Aeskhine, who influenced the period of Philip, have survived to the present day, providing further details in some cases of events not mentioned by Justinus and Diodoros.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Other sources include Atthis of Philokhoros, Strategemata of Polyainos, travel descriptions to Pausania, and biographies of Plutarchus.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

[41] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Bosworth, A. B.| title= Conquest and Empire.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

The Reign of Alexander the Great| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 1993| id=ISBN 0-521-40679-X| language = Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

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Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Cawkwell, George| title= Philip of Macedon| location = London| publisher = Faber & Faber| year = 1978| id=ISBN 0-571-10958-6| language = Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Gabriel, Richard A.| title = Philip II of Macedonia.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Greater Than Alexander| location = Washington, D.C| publisher = Potomac Books| year = 2010| id = ISBN 1597975192| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hammond, N.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

G. L.| title = Alexander the Great.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

King, Commander and Statesman| location = Bristol| publisher = Bristol Classical Press| year = 1994| id = ISBN 1-85399-068-X| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Roisman, Joseph & Worthington, Ian| title = A Companion to Ancient Macedonia| location = New York| publisher = John Wiley & Sons| year = 2011| id = ISBN 144435163X| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

References On topic elsewhere.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Livius.org Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Who ruled Macedonia after Philip II?

Philip II of England

Category:Kings of Macedonia Category:Victims of Homicide


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 in Königsberg — 12 February 1804, Königsberg), was an influential Prussian philosopher.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's works built a bridge between the rationalist and empiristic school societies of the era.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He had great influence on the Romanticism that followed the Enlightenment and the German idealists of the 19th century as well as on the issue layouts of contemporary philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant felt that a “Copernican revolution” of thought had broken out in philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's foundations for this revolution were, on the one hand, his theory of knowledge based on transcendental idealism, and on the other his philosophy of morality based on independent reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

These placed the human subject, guided by reason, at the centre of the informed and moral world.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In knowledge theory, Kant held that knowledge of reality cannot be achieved through a mere accumulation of sensations.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Instead, knowledge was formed by the method of rule-based synthesis.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

This consisted in the conceptual unification of “categories of understanding” utilizing sensations in the human mind.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Sensations are essential to all experience, but the order of nature and the causal necessities affecting it are products of the mind that arise from its interaction with things outside the mind (Ding an sich 'being as is').


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Regarding morality, Kant held that the origin of good lay nowhere outside of men, no more in nature than in God, but merely in good will.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Good will is the kind of will that acts according to the universal moral laws that an independent human being freely bestows upon itself.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

These laws oblige people to treat other people as an end, not just as means to an end.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Life Childhood and Adolescence Immanuel Kant — who baptized the name “Emanuel” but later changed his name to “Immanuel” — was born in 1724 in Königsberg, Germany, in present-day Kaliningrad, Russia, which was at that time the capital of East Prussia.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He spent his whole life in or around his hometown.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

His father was Johann Georg Kant, a Memelian saddlesmith, from Klaipėda, present-day Lithuania, and his mother Anna Regina Reuter.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He had several siblings.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Among other things, Kant studied at the city's Collegium Fridericianum.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In his youth, Kant was a steady but not attention-grabbing pupil.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

His was raised in a pietistic home with an emphasis on devotional, humility, and biblical literalism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Thus Kant received a harsh and disciplined upbringing, favoring Latin and religious subjects over mathematics and natural science.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Later, Kant described that time as unhappy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's mother died in 1737.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The young learned Kant enrolled at the University of Königsberg at the age of 16 in 1740.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutsen.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Knutsen was a rationalist who was also aware of developments in British philosophy and science, and also taught Kant the mathematical physics of Newton.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The sudden death of Kant's father in 1746 interrupted his studies.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant became a private tutor in the small towns around Königsberg, but he also continued his research.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1749 he published his first philosophical work, Gedanken von der wahren Schätzung der lebendigen Kräfte.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Subsequently, he published several other works on natural scientific matters.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant completed his master's degree in 1755 and in the autumn of the same year completed a dissertation in the Principiorum Primorum Cognitionis Metaphysicae Nova Dilucidatio.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

At the end of the year, he became a university lecturer


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

From the appointment, he increasingly oriented himself towards philosophical subjects, but also continued to write about natural sciences throughout his life.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In the early part of the 1760s, Kant wrote a series of notable philosophical works.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Die falsche Spitzfindigkeit der vier syllogistischen Figuren, which dealt with logic, was published in 1762.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The following year appeared in Versuch den Begriff der negativen Größen in die Weltweisheit einzuführnen and Der Einzig Mögliche Beweisgrund zu einer Demonstration des Dasein Gottes.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1764, Kant wrote the work Beobachtungen über das Gefühl des Schönen und Erhabenen and finished with his work Untersuchungen über die Deutlichkeit der Grundsätze der Natürlichen Teologie und der Moral Moses Mendelssohn in second place in the competition of the Berlin Academy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1766, Kant was appointed assistant librarian of the Royal Castle Library, in which post he held until 1772.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant had applied for the professorship several times as early as the late 1750s.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1770, the 45-year-old Kant was finally appointed tenured professor of logic and metaphysics at the University of Königsberg.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He wrote his professorial dissertation De mundi sensibilis atque intelligibilis forma et principiis in defence of this appointment.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In this work, many of the central themes of his philosophy of mature age began to develop, including the distinction between the abilities of the intellect and the sensory ability of perception.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

By a critical turn at the age of 46, Kant had established himself as a scholar and his influence as a philosopher was steadily growing.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Much was expected of him, too.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In a response to his student Markus Herz, Kant found that he had failed his professorial dissertation to explain the relationship between perceptual ability and our intellectual abilities.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He also commended David Hume and especially his work A Study of Human Understanding for having awakened from a “dogmatic dream”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

This happened sometime in 1770.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

For the next eleven years, Kant did not publish anything dealing with philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant spent his quiet decade pondering a solution to the problem presented.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

When he ended his silence in May 1781, his response was a critique of Pure Reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Although Criticism is today one of the most famous works in the history of philosophy, almost nothing was conveyed about it at the first time it was published.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The book was long, in an original German edition of over 800 pages, and was written in a dry school philosophical style.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

It received only a few reviews, with the first appearing only in January 1782, and critics did not understand the revolutionary nature of Criticism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant was disappointed with the reception the piece received.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

However, he understood the ambiguity of the work and wrote the work Prolegomena, which summarized the main points of Criticism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant also encouraged his friend Johann Schultz to publish a short explanatory piece in Criticism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's reputation gradually grew over the course of the 1780s.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

This was spurred by several notable works: in 1784 he published an essay Answer to the question: What is the Enlightenment? , in 1785 with the work Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Then (Finnish. Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morality, 2014), which was his first moral philosophical work; and in 1786 the work Metaphysiche Anfangsgründe der Naturwissenschaft.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

However, Kant's growth in fame was prompted by an unexpected source.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1786, Karl Reinhold, a pupil of Kant, began publishing open letters on Kantian philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In these letters, Reinhold set out Kant's philosophy in response to the then controversy over pantheism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Friedrich Jacobi had blamed a little earlier on the late G.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

E. Lessing for Spinozanism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Lessing's friend Moses Mendelssohn disputed this.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

An acrimonious public dispute developed between them.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In his letters, Reinhold suggested that Kant's Criticism could make the dispute settle by asserting the authority and limits of reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Reinhold's letters were widely read and made Kant the most famous philosopher of his time.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1786, Kant was elected rector of the University of Königsberg, as well as a member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's later works Kant published a second edition of the Critique of Pure Reason in 1787.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In this new edition, the early part of the book had been widely edited.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Most of his later works focused on other aspects of philosophy, such as moral philosophy and aesthetics.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He continued to develop his moral philosophy, notably in his Critique of Practical Reason, also known as the “Second Criticism”, published in 1788, and in his work Metaphysik der Soi, published in 1797.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The Criticism of Discernment (“Third Criticism”), which appeared in 1790, applied the Kantian system to aesthetics and teleology.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He also wrote a series of semi-general-themed essays on history, religion, politics, and other topics.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

These works were well received by Kant's contemporaries and guaranteed his central position in 18th-century philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Around this time a number of periodicals appeared, intended solely for the defence and criticism of Kantian philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1791, Johann Gottlieb Fichte arrived in Königsberg to meet Kant.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1794, Kant was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Despite Kant's popularity, however, philosophical currents began to run in the other direction.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Many of Kant's most prominent pupils, including Reinhold, Fichte, and Jakob Sigismund Beck, progressed from cantilism to increasingly steeper idealism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

This prompted the rise of German idealism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant opposed this development and criticised Fichte in his open letter in 1799.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

This was one of his last philosophical feats.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

His health, which had long been poor, took an increasingly poor turn and he died in Königsberg in 1804.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

His unfinished last work, a snippet Opus Postumum, was published posthumously as its name suggests.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1873—1881, money was raised for the construction of Kant's tomb monument.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

His grave, with its pillars near Königsberg Cathedral along the Pregolja River, is one of the few German-era memories saved by the Soviets after taking over the city in 1945.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's original tomb was destroyed in a bombardment earlier that year.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Standing in front of the city's university, the new statue of Kant is donated by the Germans in 1991.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's persona Kant was, in his time, considered a socialite.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He also gave popular lectures on geography, though never left Königsberg himself.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant said he would have liked to get married when he was young, but he didn't have the money to do so.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

As a parent, he, on the other hand, would have had money, but he was no longer interested in the idea.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

At an older age, Kant was very bedheaded and followed a precise schedule every day.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

For example, he always went for walks at the same time every day; it is reported that people who lived along his walking trail checked his passing by the time of their clocks.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In 1778, Kant was offered a professorship and the title of court counselor at Halle, but Kant declined as it would have interfered too much with his habits.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Because of his health obsessions, Kant was so afraid of colds that he never took anyone with him on his walks, because then he would have had to breathe through his mouth, and he was thus afraid of becoming ill.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He also hated sweating enough that he always kept his study unheated, no matter how much frost was outside, and he spoke of the sheer sweat stain on his shirt to his servant as if of the worst thing in the world.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

[1] Philosophy Awakening from dogmatic sleep Kant was a metaphysicist at a young age in a more traditional sense, but he said David Hume woke him up from a “dogmatic dream”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

For example, Hume suggested that causality, or causality, cannot be observed by the senses, nor is it possible to derive the order of man.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant saw such ideas as eroding the foundations of philosophy of science, and sought to establish a philosophical system in which causality and other regularities of observed reality can be “saved” from skeptical rebuttals.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

One premise of Kant's philosophy is also the defence of Christianity, as reported by him himself.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Transcendental idealism Kant is best known for his transcendental idealism, which holds that man brings forms and concepts derived from his ability to consciousness into observations of reality that would otherwise not be able to interpret.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The idea of this combines two opposing views: rationalism, which holds that certain knowledge can only be obtained by reason and empiricism, which holds that knowledge is based on experience.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant named twelve basic categories of understanding that allow man, according to him, to understand the phenomena of reality.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

So man can never have knowledge of the world per se because we cannot comprehend things without these categories.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's twelve categories are: quantiity, that is, quantity: whether something matter is (1) one, (2) many, or (3) is it an universe.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

quality—that is, quality: whether thing (4) exists or (5) does not exist, or is (6) being constrained by the terms of something else being.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Relation, i.e. relation: this includes the substance and the axidity of the object (7), (8) the reason for being, that is, causation and dependence, and (9) interaction with other entities.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

modality, or mode class: whether being (10) possible or impossible, (11) is or not, or (12) necessary or contingent, i.e. random.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In addition to these categories, Kant stressed that even at birth a person has been given an idea of time and place.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In order to understand or imagine a thing, man therefore intrinsically attaches a being to some time and place.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In addition to this aprioric knowledge, Kant made a new division in the traditional debate on the nature of knowledge.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He further digested the types of knowledge into analytical knowledge, which is true already on the basis of terms and therefore does not need specific evidence, as well as synthetic knowledge, which again comprises experience-dependent, contingent information like colours.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Moral Philosophy In moral philosophy, Kant was a proponent of obligation ethics.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In his opinion, man can perceive with reason certain commandments as objectively correct guides of morality.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The basis of these correct commandments is the categorical imperative, according to which a man must act always in such a way that the idea that carries his actions can, in principle, become law at all times.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Lying, for example, is wrong because if lying became a general guideline, then talking would take a meaning that the liar himself does not want.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, the categorical imperative is a clear, singular moral obligation derived from the concept of duty.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The categorical imperative is therefore absolutely binding, that is, it obliges the actor regardless of his will or desires.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Thus it is opposite to a hypothetical imperative.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, all other moral obligations are derived from the categorical imperative and can be tested against it.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant believed that moral law is itself a principle of reason, and not based on random information about the world such as knowledge of what might make us happy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Similarly, he believed that this moral obligation was true for all people.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The idea of compassion is also integral to this thinking.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Whenever committing an act, a moral actor should be perfectly placed in the position of another person and thus consider how others should be treated in certain situations.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant stressed especially in communal interaction that other people should always be treated as an end in themselves and not as a tool for acquiring something.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant formulated the categorical imperative in three ways, which he himself considered, however, roughly equal: The first, that is, formulation of the universal law says, “Act so that the maximum of any act could become, at your will, the general law of nature.”


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The second, or the formulation of humanity, says, “Act so that you use people, either in your own person or anyone else's person, at the same time always as an end in itself, not merely as a means to an end”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The third, that is, the autonomy design is a combination of the previous two.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

It says that man should act in such a way that he can think of enacting universal laws through his maxim, in a possible “realm of ends”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

An example of a universal law The first formulation can be interpreted as a “generality test”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, the maxim of a moral actor is to him the “subjective principle of will” - that is, what the agent believes or wills is his reason for acting.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

There are five steps to the general proficiency exam: Find the agent's maximum.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Maximum is an act combined with its motivation.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Example: “I lie for personal gain”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

So lying is an act and the motivation is to get what you want.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Together, they form a maxim.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Imagine a possible world where everyone would follow the same maxim in the same situation.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Decide whether following the maxim would result in any contradictions or irrationalities in this possible world.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

If contradictions or irrationalities ensue, adherence to the maxim is not allowed in the real world.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

If no conflicts or irregularities follow, compliance with the maxim is permitted and in some cases required.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Religion Although Kant did not regularly participate in church expenditures, in a critique of Pure Reason he expressed his belief in God and made a moral argument for God's existence, saying, “In order for morality to matter, we must assume a perfectly good and just being as the basis of morality.” Aesthetics In Aesthetics, Kant advocated the view that aesthetic criticism is made with emotion, but emotion can be either right or wrong in an objective sense.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's contribution to the area of aesthetics can be seen already in the critique of Pure Reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant was among the first to adopt aesthetics as part of his philosophical system, and its ideas played a significant part in his philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In the critique section “Analytics of Beauty”, Kant said that beauty is not an attribute of an art object or a natural phenomenon, but a state of mind—the enjoyment that follows from a review of preference.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Although it seems that we use our reason when deciding what is beautiful and feel that we can persuade others of our opinion, the criticism of preference is purely subjective and is not based on anything other than an appreciation of the creature itself: it is a selfless pleasure.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant also believed that the abilities used to make judgments about preference are the same ones used to make moral judgments: both are selfless and we consider both to be universal.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He also argued that experiencing nobility and sublime aids in the development of moral character.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The political philosophy of Kant has later been associated with the tradition of classical liberalism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In his view, “the law must not segregate people by descent, wealth or sex.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

— — The equality of people as citizens, on the other hand, is entirely compatible with the vast wealth disparity between them”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

[2] According to Kant, the idea of a social contract is a pure idea of practical reason, similar to a categorical imperative.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

This means that human reason inherently understands that the existence of a state is justified as long as it is capable of maintaining order.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Fair statesmanship and legislation can be identified by the fact that all citizens are treated equally.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

However, according to Kant, it was enough for equity to be fulfilled if one can, in principle, think that every citizen would give his approval to the state form and laws.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

From statesmanship, Kant advocated constitutional republicanism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He opposed democracy, thinking majority rule threatened individual freedoms.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He said: “Democracy is necessarily despotism because it imposes the executive against the general will; when everyone can make a decision against one whose opinion might be another, the will of all is thus not the will of all, which is contradictory and contrary to liberty” ( To Eternal Peace II).


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, citizens had no right to oppose state power, since the action of a state power that guaranteed social peace was based on its right to impose and punish.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

However, citizens had to have full freedom to express their opinions and contribute in this way to the development of society.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, freedom is freedom from coercion and the state has no right to restrict anyone's freedom other than to prevent this from infringing on the freedom of others.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

[3] Works Kant's most famous work Criticism of Pure Reason (1781) deals with knowledge doctrine and ontology.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The book is an effort to save the philosophy of science from the skeptical claims made by David Hume and to lay the groundwork for a new way of thinking that pays attention to human consciousness in philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's other two major works are titled Critique of Practical Reason (1788), which deals with ethics, and Criticism of Discernment (1790), which deals with aesthetics.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morality (1785) is perhaps even more significant than the criticism of Practical Reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

List of Kant's works by Gedanken von der wahren Schätzung der lebendigen Kräfte (“Thoughts on the Correct Evaluation of Living Forces”, 1749) Allgemeine Naturgeschichte und Theorie des Himmels (“General Natural History and Theory of Heaven”, 1755) Principiorum Primorum Cognitionis Metaphysicae Nova Dilucidatio (Neue Erhellung der ersten Grundsätze metaphysischer Erkenntnisse, “A New Explanation of the Fundamental Principles of Metaphysical Knowledge”, Dissertation, 1755) Entwurf... eines Collegii der physischen Geographie (“Draft... to the College of Physical Geography”, 1757) Neuer Lehrbegriff der Bewegung und Ruhe (“A New System of Rest and Movement”, 1758) Versuch einiger Betrachtungen über den Optimismus (“Some Treatises on Optimism”, 1759) Gedanken bei dem frühzeitigen Ableben des Herrn Johann Friedrich von Funk (“Thoughts of Mr. J. F. von Funk's Early upon death”, 1760) Die falsche Spitzfindigkeit der vier syllogistischen Figuren (“On the deceptive wit of the four syllogistic forms”, 1762) Der einzig mögliche Beweisgrund zu einer Demonstration des Dasein Gottes (“On the only possible basis for the existence of God for proving”, 1763) Versuch den Begriff der negativen Größen in die Weltweisheit einzuführnen (“An attempt to bring the concept of negative greats into philosophy”, 1763) Beobachtungen über das Gefühl des Schönen und Erhabenen (“Reviews on the Feelings of the Beautiful and the Sublime”, 1764) Versuch über die Krankheiten des Kopfes (“Treatise on the Diseases of the Head”, 1764) Untersuchungen über die Deutlichkeit der Grundsätze der Natürlichen Teologie und der Moral (“A Study of the Clarity of the Principles of Natural Theology and Morality”, 1764) Träume eines Geistersehers, Erläutert die Durch Träume der Metaphysik (“Dreams of a spirit recorder, expressed through dreams of metaphysics”, 1766) Von dem ersten Grunde des Unterschieds der Gegenden im Raume (“The Fundamental Causes of Differences in the Territories of Space”, 1768) De Mundi Sensibilis Atque Intelligibilis Forma et Principiis (“The Sensory World and the Intellectual on the form and principles of the world”, professorial dissertation, 1770) Von den verschiedenen Rassen der Menschen (“On different races of men”, 1775) Criticism of Pure Reason (Kritik der Reinen Vernunft, first edition, 1781) Prolegomena, i.e. an introduction to any metaphysics that in future can visit science (Prolegomena zu einer Jeden Künftigen Metaphysik, 1783) Idee zu einer allgemeinen Geschichte in Weltbürgerlicher Absicht (“The idea of general history in terms of world citizenship”, 1784) The answer to the question: What is Enlightenment?


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

(Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung? , 1784) Foundation of the Metaphysics of Morality (Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Saa, 1785) Finnish. Markku Nikkarla, Areopagus 2015 Bestimmung des Begriffs einer Menschenrasse (“Definition of the Concept of the Human Race”, 1785) Muthmasslicher Anfang der Menschengeschichte (“The Presumed Beginning of Human History”, 1786) Metaphysiche Anfangsgründe der Naturwissenschaft (“The Metaphysical of Natural Sciences rudiments”, 1786) Was heisst: Sich im Denken orientiren?


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

(“What does 'orienteering in thinking' mean?” , 1786) Second edition of the Critique of Pure Reason (1787) Über den Gebrauch teleologischer Principien in der Philosophie (“On the Use of Teleological Principles in Philosophy”, 1788) Criticism of Practical Reason (Kritik der Praktischen Vernunft, 1788) Criticism of Discernment (Kritik der Praktischen Vernunft, 1788) Urteilskraft, 1790) Über eine Entdeckung, nach der alle neue Kritik der reinen Vernunft durch eine ältere entbehrlich gemacht werden soll (“On one discovery intended to render all new criticism of pure reason redundant through older criticism”, 1790) Über das Misslingen aller philosophischen Versuche in der Theodicee (“On the Failure of All Philosophical Theodicean Attempts to Draw Up”, 1791) Religion Innerhalb der Grenzen der Blossen Vernunft (“Religion in the Framework of Pure Reason”, 1793) to Eternal Peace (Zum Ewigen Frieden, 1795) Metaphysik der Then (” Metaphysics of Morality”, 1797) Quarrel of Faculties (Der Streit der Fakultäten, 1798) Anthropologie in Pragmatischer Hinsicht (“Anthropology from a Pragmatic Perspective”, 1798) Erklärung in Beziehung auf Fichtes Wissenschaftslehre (“Position on Fichte's Science Doctrine”, 1799) K (“Logic”, 1800) Physische Geographie (“Physical Geography”, 1802) Über Pädagogik (“The Doctrine of Education”, 1803) Über die Fortschritte der Metaphysik Seit Leibniz und Wolff (“On the Progress of Metaphysics after Leibniz and Wolff”, 1804) Opus Postumum (1804) Influence Kant changed the Western philosophy ways of thinking and language.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

His goal was to delineate the area that philosophers dealt with.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to this idea, Kant therefore made philosophy “critical”.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant's idea of “criticism” was to explore the legitimate domain of mind and knowledge.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In this sense, the “critique of pure reason”, which was also the title of his best-known work, meant exploring what certain and legitimate knowledge people can achieve simply by thinking about things independently, regardless of experience and sensory perception.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

His conclusion was: not much.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Prior to Kant, the modus operandi of almost all philosophy was to draw conclusions about the nature of the universe, God or soul by logical reasoning alone, which seemed to be meaningful by a priori method, merely logical reasoning.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Through such logic, it is “obvious” that God or the universe is so or so because it is logically valid.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In the history of philosophy, however, every theory of this kind of universe or God is matched by another theory in which someone has thought things exactly the opposite.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant called this unproductive, unresolved and back-and-forth dogmatic thinking “a dialectic of pure reason.”


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

It was the inevitable consequence of attempting to reach knowledge purely logically, without experience or scientifically justified sensory testimony.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

For Kant, such a philosophy was bankrupt and it came to be rejected.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, philosophy was from then on to operate “within the bounds of pure reason” and recognised that most knowledge could only come from science based on sensory perceptions, not from metaphysics, which concerned things from which we could never obtain sensory perceptions.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer was much influenced by Kant's transcendental idealism.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

He accepted the distinction between two species of knowledge, the world as observed phenomena and the world as thought non-phenomena (“to be as such”).


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

For Kant, as such, cannot be a creature known by sensory experience.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

For Schopenhauer, what is as such may be directly and immediately perceived as the basis for what is known in the life of an animal as will, desire, aspiration, covet, or spend.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Schopenhauer held that the will as such, as is, is the innermost nature of the whole perceived world.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In Kant's view, Copernicus' revolution in understanding the universe was based on his taking the position of the observer into account in his calculations.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

This explained why it seems that the sun orbits the earth when in fact the earth orbits the sun.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

When an observer's position is taken into account, an unconscious projection of the observer's own observation, perspective, or location onto a worldview is avoided.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant saw an equivalence between this and the structural change in philosophy: when a thinker's “location” is taken into account, an unconscious reflection of the thinker's own ways of thinking (“pure reason”) into a philosophical picture of reality is avoided.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

According to Kant, such unconscious reflection among philosophers had produced the biases of metaphysics that had dominated the earlier history of philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Kant considered this revolution to be part of the Enlightenment and the associated creation of an enlightened citizen and a society free of dogmatics and values not based on reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

See also Citation Neo-Kantion Finnish works Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Eternal peace: State-legal treatise| location = Hämeenlinna| publisher = Karisto| year = 2000| version = (Zum Ewigen Frieden: Ein philosophischer Entwurf, 1795.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated by Jaakko Tuomikoski.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

4th edition (1st edition 1922) | isbn = 951-23-2764-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Chastity-optional main works| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1990| version = (Foundations of metaphysics of manners, Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Then, 1785; Practical critique of reason, Kritik der praktischen Vernunft, 1788.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated by J. E. Salomaa with introduction and explanations.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

2nd edition (1st edition 1931) | isbn = 951-0-16889-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Basis of Morality Metaphysic| location = Turku| publisher = Areopagus| year = 2014| version = (Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Then, 1785.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated by Markus Nikkarla| isbn = 978-952-99791-7-2}} The answer to the question: What is Enlightenment?


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

(Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung? , 1784) and What is Navigation in Thinking?


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

(Was heißt: Sich im Denken orientiren? , 1786).


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = What is Enlightenment? | location = Tampere| publisher = Equipoino| year = 1995| isbn = 951-9066-99-3| format = [Online version of the work] (PDF)}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Prolegomena, ie, Introduction to any metaphysics that can be visited from science| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 1997| version = (Prolegomena zu einer jeden künftigen Metaphysik, 1783.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated by Vesa Oittinen| isbn = 951-662-659-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Faculty quarrely| location = Helsinki| publisher = Luther-Agricola-seura| year = 1998| version = (Der Streit der Fakultäten, 1798.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated and with an introduction by Heikki Kirjavainen.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Publications of the Department of Systematic Theology of the University of Helsinki 14| isbn = 951-9047-45-X}} Radical Evil.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated by Markku Lehtinen.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hirvonen, Ari & Kotkas, Toomas (ed.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

) | title = Evil in European tradition| location = Helsinki| publisher = Loki books| year = 2004| isbn = 951-825-018-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Biology and Medicine| location = Turku| publisher = Rainvaik| year = 2006| version = English Panu Turunen| isbn = 951-97696-4-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Correspondence 1759-1799| location = Turku| publisher = Areopagus| year = 2010| version = Translated by Panu Turunen| isbn = 978-952-99791-5-8}} Citation error, replace with {cite book| title = Pure Reason critic| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 2013| version = (Kritik der reinen Vernunft, 1781/87.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated by Markus Nikkarla and Crete Ranki.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Head of the working group: Olli Koistinen| isbn = 978-952-495-169-2}} Criticism of judgment is being translated into Finnish.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

[4] Sources Kaitaro, Timo: French Enlightenment and Criticism of Reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

In Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Korkman, Petter & Yrjönsuurura, Mikko (ed.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

) | title = Development Lines of Philosophy | location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 1999| isbn = 951-662-708-0}} Kannisto, Heikki: Kant and the Self-Criticism of Reason.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

) | title = Development Lines of Philosophy | location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 1999| isbn = 951-662-708-0}} Oittinen, Vesa: Kant and the “Copernican twist” of philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Introduction to Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kant, Immanuel| title = Prolegomena, ie, Introduction to any metaphysics that can be visited from science| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 1997| version = (Prolegomena zu einer jeden künftigen Metaphysik, 1783.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated and annotated by Vesa Oittinen| isbn = 951-662-659-9}} Salomaa, J. E.: Introduction to Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kant, Immanuel| title = Chastity Principal Works| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1990| version = 2nd edition (1. edition 1931) | isbn = 951-0-16889-0}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Koistinen, Olli| title = Kant and Critique of Pure Reason | location = Turku| publisher = Areopagus| year = 2008| isbn = 978-952-99791-2-7}} Citation error, replace with { cite book| author = Mehtonen, Lauri| title = Modernity: Texts on Sense, Knowledge and Civility| location = Tampere| publisher = European Society of Philosophy| year = 2005| isbn = 952-5503-15-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Oittinen, Vesa (ed.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

) | title = Immanuel Kant philosophy| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gaudeamus| year = 2013| isbn = 978-952-495-195-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pihlström, Sami| title = Practical terms of experience: Kantian philosophy reassess| location = Helsinki| publisher = University print| year = 2002| isbn = 951-570-532-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Want, Christopher & Klimovski, Andrzej| title = Kant for beginners and progress| location = Helsinki| publisher = Elm | year = 1998| version = (Kant for beginners, 1996.)


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Translated by Jarno Mällinen| isbn = 951-887-141-8}} On the topic elsewhere Encyclopedia articles.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

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Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

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Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

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Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

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Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Other Huhtanen, Jouni: Book review: Oittinen, Vesa (ed.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

): Philosophy of Immanuel Kant.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

Gaudeamus, 2013.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

(Agricola book reviews, 11.7.2013) Korhonen, Anssi & Vilkko, Risto:.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

So & thus 1/1998.


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

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Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant


Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

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Question: Who was Immanuel Kant?

Immanuel Kant

* Category:Those born in 1724 Class:Those who died in 1804 Class:Key articles of screening


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

Importance of an isolated incident at this summer's Helsinki Pride, a staff sergeant caused quite heavy media debate when he appeared at the event in a defence uniform.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

I wrote briefly on the subject in an article on Helsinki Pride ().


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

However, my edit was refuted by another user because it is a non-significant isolated case.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

I began to wonder why the 2010 pepper spray attack on the procession is not also a non-significant isolated incident.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

Is a violent statement on Wikipedia seen as more significant than a non-violent statement?


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

Or is an act more significant if it criticises a subject offensively than if it defends the subject in an effort to induce constructive debate?


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

Of course, violence is more “tangible”, especially if convicted, but not every assault is worth mentioning.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

Both cases caused debate in the papers, e.g. You can search Hesar's website.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

—Intellector (debate) 25 July 2016 at 2:29pm (EEST) This discussion and my comments do not really belong on the policy page, but unfortunately I guessed in advance who has done the subversion.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

Someone else could have been undone.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

One has to wonder whether the problem needs to be addressed by discussing the significance of individual cases in general, or whether the problem needs to be solved by addressing the individual user in particular.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

—Pxos (debate) 25 July 2016 at 2:46pm (EEST) Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, so the purpose of its articles is to provide an overview of the topic.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

Archive 134

the subject should not be mentioned in the article.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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Furthermore, the debate on this case does not relate specifically to the event held in Helsinki at a general level.


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—Thi (debate) 25 July 2016 at 2:51pm (EEST) More broadly, the issue could be addressed as to whether Wikipedia's activities constitute a kind of profession of bouncers against which randomly modifying iphmises are futile.


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It was discussed in due course, but with screening in place now for years, it would be time for some kind of interim analysis.


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Admittedly, it's probably hard to distinguish the technique's use from the rationale for refutation, but still.


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—Pxos (debate) 25 July 2016 at 2:57pm (EEST) Not all news is worth mentioning.


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Where goes the limit of how much an event should be covered in the media that it can be mentioned?


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What has to do with what is a little tricky to judge.


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However, this debate took off specifically in relation to Helsinki Pride, so I think it should be mentioned specifically in the Helsinki Pride article.


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Although the attack in 2010 was directed at Helsinki Pride, I would see it as a protest more of the social visibility of homosexuality than towards Helsinki Pride.


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Still, it's good to mention it (also) in that article.


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—Intellector (debate) 25 July 2016 at 6:29pm (EEST) Mentions of important events are suitable for continuation of the history of the event and can be edited from that.


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However, very extensive surveys appear as day-by-day data over time, and models to be corrected and updated typically begin to appear in the section.


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Therefore, it would be good to strive for concise expression at the outset.


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Ideally, the article would have a link to Wikinews explaining the different media responses.


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I think wikinews should be viewed more as a follow-up and archive of the events of the current year, along the lines of the MMM books than the news of the day.


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—Thi (debate) 25 July 2016 at 8:08pm (EEST) Let the discussion continue on the article's own discussion page when it concerns an individual case.


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Not related to policies.


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The debate has already been started there.


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—Pxos (debate) 25 July 2016 at 7:18pm (EEST) The Finnish link in the introduction to the article This was previously discussed: “In the Finnish Wikipedia it is completely unnecessary to wikilink “Finnish” to anything.” Could links include a mention of how to do this?


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As I wrote earlier, then it is easier to justify their modification by invoking the instruction.


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There are now numerous pointless edits, one example of numerous where Lenitha added the link repeatedly.


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Place of birth is linked if born in Finland, but not repeatedly at the place of death.


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Many different opinions can be expressed about what nationality or nationality at any time means.


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But in short: does the article's introduction link [[Finland|Finnish]] or not?


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Hopefully there would be a solution to this, because some of the time it takes to develop Wikipedia goes into pointless feedback.


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—raid5 (debate) 25 July 2016 at 11:02am (EEST) Stop your pointless feedback and that will be resolved. —Lenitha (debate) 25 July 2016 at 8:15pm (EEST) Stop your pointless linking so it will be resolved.


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—raid5 (debate) 27 July 2016 at 10:19pm (EEST) Apparently you have been pointed out before: I don't think there will be a rational solution or even a rational answer.


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Ask me anything so I'll answer anything.


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In it, link addition delete insertion delete Adding a link is necessary, but deleting is pointless, although “In the Finnish Wikipedia it is completely unnecessary to wikilink 'Finnish' to anything.” Time and server space is enough for useless edits.


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—raid5 (debate) 27 July 2016 at 11:23pm (EEST) It should not matter whether the person in the article is “Finnish” or “Chinese”.


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I think in the introduction it would be good to have the state of which the person is a citizen of the country as linked.


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That is, specifically the state as linked (e.g. Finland), not nationality (Finnish).


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If it is without a link, then the reader will have to dig up the state article himself, and especially not-so-well-known countries like “trinidadjatobagan” might get confused without a link.


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—Stryn (debate) 27 July 2016 at 11:27pm (EEST) It is now linked to country and not incorrectly nationality to country (nationality):.


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Could this continue to be done?


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—raid5 (debate) 27 July 2016 at 11:36pm (EEST) Well, I think that is a workable solution.


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Certainly, someone may consider that a repeat of nothing, because often the state of birth is the same as the state of which the person is a citizen.


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—Stryn (debate) 27 July 2016 at 11:42pm (EEST) Thank you for the reply.


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If the place of birth is known, then I will henceforth link to it.


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Better that, too, than mixing nationality with citizenship.


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—raid5 (debate) 27 July 2016 at 11:59pm (EEST) Linking Finland to the word Finnish is a shorter and more natural solution.


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—Thi (debate) 28 July 2016 at 00:16 (EEST) You are absolutely right, but in addition, the solution is incorrect.


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—raid5 (debate) 28 July 2016 at 11:56am (EEST) Mismatch of the wiki significance of persons Here is a topic that has certainly been talked about a lot in the past.


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It seems that in some areas wiki significance is achieved amazingly much easier than in others.


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In particular, I am amazed by the fact that apparently in sports the bar is really low.


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For example, players on Mestis teams in hockey seem to be wik-annotatable in principle.


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On the other hand, according to the instructions on the removal vote, in the Armed Forces, generals are significant, colonels in principle are not.


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I find it hard to accept the argument that every player in the Mestis series, therefore not even the main series, is more significant in their field than the Colonel in his own.


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When it comes to artists, in a way, I understand the relatively low limit, because the whole industry is such in nature that generally accepted hierarchies are difficult to establish.


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I wonder how these rules go, say, Ev.lut.


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at the church?


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Are notable bishops?


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Or, too, the judicial correspondents, the county rovasts, the vicars of the “most significant” parishes, all vicars, chaplains?


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Under the colonel rule, significant ones would probably only be bishops (or perhaps sentencing equivalents as well).


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According to the hockey player rule, I'm sure at least vicars (are at least in a supervisory position) and probably chaplains as well.


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—Salamies40 (discussion) 27 July 2016 at 10:36am (EEST) As far as those Mestis clubs articles I looked at, then there has been a fair share of players left unlinked, i.e. Mestis players have, as a rule, achieved wiki significance by playing at some point careers even at the highest league level.


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In hockey, I think it's a bit off the mitten by the way.


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E.g. After the NHL draft, articles came again about only ice hockey players who played in junior leagues, due to an NHL draft.


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The hard witch (kin) is obviously to draw (e.g. whether one match in the SM-liiga is greater than, say, a full season in a junior league in North America, etc.).


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—Coma (debate) 27 July 2016 at 11:06am (EEST) Agree.


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I have to ask why.


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The explanation, in my opinion, is that notability practice has become a joke for modifiers (or it may be that it is not understood, and it may also be not ko.


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practice not even easy to understand).


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Exceptions to notability practices have become a goal.


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Decided what decided (and apparently according to the rules of practice), the community has chosen whose troops to stand in.


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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 27 July 2016 at 11:18am (EEST) I believe that exceptions to notability practices should be based on some intellectual comparability (independent reliable sources showing significance presented in modern practice is that way).


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There is no valued weighting on the number.


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Significance threshold with exceptions in this media po.


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i think the same “difficulty” category in all persons.


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For example, if the colonels are appointed annually x pcs, then in hockey there should be little more/less than x pcs (which is that number, my little knowing guess about hockey players is n.


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400? , what about the colonels?).


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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 27 July 2016 at 1:38pm (EEST) Just some kind of intellectual comparability is exactly what I meant by my initiation.


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It was therefore not intended as a criticism aimed specifically at hockey players or other athletes.


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Let it be further specified, therefore, that since colonels are not generally considered significant, hockey players or others should be equated with generals.


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I would argue that this criterion is, yes, in most areas too strict.


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—Salamies40 (debate) 27 July 2016 at 1:57pm (EEST) On the contrary too loose.


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Every time a sillion in the notability votes get to wikipedia, even if otherwise is trivial in significance.


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Jukka Wallin (debate) 27 July 2016 at 2:40pm (EEST) What does intellectual comparability mean?


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If we have now let's say 350 hockey players currently playing in the league, then do we need to have 350 trash drivers of the moment according to the same intellectual criteria.


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That's how I conceived of that equivalence criterion.


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Comparing different species like that is really challenging, that's why we have those guidelines to try to draw the lines in there, to get that much talked about notability beyond.


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It is now an unfortunate fact that a lot is written about hockey, for example, in which case, as a rule, SM-liiga players are able to write an article compiled from several sources.


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I looked on Google for information on a few colonels of recent years, and there were surprisingly few inscriptions.


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This is (sadly) the state of the world, people are interested in entertainment, which is why, for example, more is written about league players in one season than colonels certainly higher up in their field.


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—PTG (debate) 27 July 2016 at 7:20pm (EEST) I, for one, have not intended anything by the matching criterion that there should be as many articles about hockey players and trash truckers.


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Of course, the breadth and public interest of the hobbyist field is affected.


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I also understand that professional hockey players (as well as, say, scientists, ballet dancers, or writers) are already, in principle, a strongly select group, on which basis it is understandable that there are a lot of articles about them in relation to them.


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However, such a justification that people now just have an interest in entertainment is very dangerous from the point of view of encyclopedias.


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That's when the whole notability criterion can be dropped and open the floodgates to all the “celebrities” of the moment.


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One related problem is the distortion of the age structure.


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There are 709 articles in the Finnish wikipedia on births in 1920, 1058 on those born in 1945 and 1626 on those born in 1985.


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So it is much easier for young people in relation to getting an article on Wikipedia.


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Of course, this is not only associated with athletes, but other young entertainers are involved in the pattern.


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It might perhaps be desirable to wait a few years for yuro youth celebrities before creating an article, unless the individuals in question have quite undeniable merit.


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—Salamies40 (debate) 27 July 2016 at 10:54pm (EEST) The only thing about intellectual comparability is that the comparator must at least have sufficient intelligence to skewer them, see


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examples.


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Kv.


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a huge amount of writing about the ballpark genre that is completely at the margin is written in Finland.


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In terms of significance, players in the fourth league can easily enter the generals class.


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The heck sells best in every media.


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I can't have anything against that, you get what the majority orders.


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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 27 July 2016 at 9:07pm (EEST) One additional factor in the importance of problems in the guidelines.


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A very small percentage of hockey players of the 1930s-60s would have crossed the threshold of notability (the same was true in football between the 1930s and 2010s).


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Today, all of those are wiki noteworthy in the article sense (ten thousand players total + female players).


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The exemption rule has discreetly “released” an unnecessarily large amount of stuff that doesn't belong here.


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Whether the main series players of any ball sport are wiki tagged, silly fool.


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Light cultures other than sports contain similar problems Why not start making a reliable encyclopedia?


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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 28 July 2016 at 07:42am (EEST) You confuse significance and reliability.


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You're not supposed to write unsourced articles about the main league players either.


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—Otrfan (debate) 28 July 2016 at 07:48am (EEST) I do not mess, and I even understand leaving.


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You don't seem to understand, in my opinion, that for some, unsourced “information” is not reliable information.


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For me, unsourced Wikipedia-"knowledge” is, in principle, always a memorialized “knowledge” on its own end.


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Discussion forums, the most common in babble social, have a lot of that kind of “information”.


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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 28 July 2016 at 08:40 (EEST) Pretty talented you mess things up.


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—Otrfan (debate) 28 July 2016 at 08:42 (EEST) Let's fix one error right now: Mestis players are not significant in principle.


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According to the current criteria, only the main league players are significant, but a large percentage of Mestis players have played at some stage of their career in the League.


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A player's current level does not diminish notability if he has previously been a league tas spinner.


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—PTG (debate) 27 July 2016 at 12:20am (EEST) I just saw, and the colonel does not reduce wiki notability either.


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If the colonel has been covered extensively enough by independent sources, the colonel, too, exceeds the notability threshold.


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All generals, on the other hand, are deemed significant under the guideline, even if the extensive handling normally required by independent sources is lacking.


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¬Antilope 27 July 2016 at 9:47pm (EEST) Notability of albums Healthy but dear to you fellow users.


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The hundred-copy edition of Silver Lake Kaag and ticket risks were removed this past year as a result of a fair vote.


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However, the band guide still finds the latest information on depreciation policy that is open to interpretation: The released record was not your own publication.


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Wikipedia's author didn't have to consider the notability of the topic.


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You're probably guessing now why I'm very upset with blood boiling and splashing out of my ears.


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I'd say I don't feel tired of these articles, but that would be a lie.


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However, I do everything in accordance with the guidelines, as I did last.


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Therefore, it would be quite pig mageeta to start discussing these changes or, alternatively, the return of the article I created.


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My position after the vote doesn't matter any more, so I very much hope that the majority in favour of deletion would finish the debate and come to a consensus on a new alignment.


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It's a motivation to go when you have fear in your ass and don't know what this anymore dares to start.


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I'm a little bigoted, but this is a very sincere request to you all, and some sense of this must now come and grumpy.


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—Vilhokki (debate) 2 August 2016 at 5:25pm (EEST) The magazine reviews and articles of the album are important to the significance.


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Plus, it's all about a live album.


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The edition volume of the publication can be mentioned in the text of the band's article and the print information in the discography.


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The Notability Guidelines do not state that albums by notable ensembles are significant, but that they can be significant.


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The track list and cover art alone are not traditional encyclopedic knowledge.


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Far fewer articles are made about classical music recordings, although critiques of them are published as well.


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—Thi (discussion) 2 August 2016 at 5:54pm (EEST) I have the idea that here we will tell you about albums that have been commonly (been) available, that is, that people may be interested in.


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Someone with a hundred-piece edition is meant as a certainty for small circuit special distribution rather than sale, otherwise is the record company unimaginably pessimistic.


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If there is more than just a mention of that 100-song record, you can think about it again on that basis.


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That is, if it is a record of historical significance by the band, for one reason or another, only that one hundred copies were taken, please tell me more.


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—MWÅC8m (debate) 2 August 2016 at 6:04pm (EEST) Yes there are such records.


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On sale at Combat Rock Shop, and e.g. Jukka Nousiainen & The Blashers release all their albums first or even only on C cassette.


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But, of course, that's not the point here.


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Both of you have excellent points of view, I think you could add some sort of summary to the Guidelines, which is to say thank you.


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—Vilhokki (debate) 2 August 2016 at 22:06pm (EEST) I am in the same position with MWÅC8M.


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There would have to be something more meaning than that it was published by someone x records, especially in the case of a very small edition.


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Personally, I would also put in the same firing line a dozen compilation editions by popular artists, which are published indefinitely and have no other value, other than that a random bunch of songs are packed into new covers so that a dead horse can give a couple of extra pounds for an extra couple of euros in hope.


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—Ukas (discussion) August 2, 2016 at 11:44pm (EEST) Official compilation albums I would leave alone, they most often get list success and external sources can be found without exception.


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The bootlegs of everything in the world are fuges.


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What about the Sound Pack albums then?


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I suppose there is new content in these too, as annoying as fund boards are.


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But even that is not, in my view, an argument for insignificance.


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—Vilhokki (debate) 3 August 2016 at 02:09am (EEST) Reference compulsory Wikipedia:Checkability should be made mandatory for adding references to articles containing sources e.g.


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As a result, a year from now the majority of articles could be removed and at least fill wikipedia with source requests.—194.251.119.208 12 August 2016 at 08:38 (EEST) Relevant discussion opening.


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The reference policy seems to be at odds with several users, so it would be good to get agreement on this through discussion.


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Personally, I don't see the need to force reference.


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On the other hand, if there start to be multiple general sources, revisibility suffers.


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Could the guidance be clarified, for example, by mentioning that if there are multiple general sources, reference of data is recommended?


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—Jannex (discussion) August 12, 2016 at 11:40 a.m. (EEST) The Checkability Policy says about the sources of the data: “The information in the articles should be based on reliable third-party published sources.” What's poorly said in that is a third party, and there's no talk of identifying information as anything.


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The Mark Sources policy says “the person who adds new information will mark the data sources they use in the article itself.” There is no requirement for identification of the information either.


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There really is a place for refinement.


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I'd elaborate witch in the style of “every piece of information must find out from the source presented to it.”


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That is, in one source, the information can be found on it (how easy it needs to be is the next place of the problem).


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Two or more sources should not be able to source without reference, that is, add a prohibition to something.


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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 12 August 2016 at 1:05pm (EEST) The current practice is good, you do not need to be debated in order to be able to write here, because the sources are sufficient for any presentation.


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There is no change in the practices to be followed in practice.


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When I've added source requests to some articles, then some screeners (and as far as I recall, even admins) have banned that ages ago (have removed source requests because the source is presented in perhaps a linked second Wikipedia article).


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No longer adding source requests, I have delegated responsibility for accuracy and certification of information to the reader.


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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 12 August 2016 at 11:51am (EEST) In the article I linked there are three (is several exceeding?)


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sources where the information can be found and in the category article above it the information is even referenced.


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my subversion of the source request addition when the administrator supported the action by declaring the reference compulsion to be a de facto policy.


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Does this mean that, as an IP, more is required of me than an ID user? —194.251.119.208 12 August 2016 at 12:03am (EEST) Well, the problem with universal sources is not whether the information in the article can be found in them, but how to keep the articles maintained.


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For example, the information in the Umikaze category article can probably be found in the reported sources, but since Wikipedia is a communally editable encyclopedia where everyone can edit everything, then when new edits come, it will no longer be possible to determine if it is somewhere. from the stated source or not.


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At all, it is difficult to conclude what information is in the article from which source is and to check the information you should go through three books.


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—Zache (discussion) 12 August 2016 at 12:53pm (EEST) No, but in any of them, that is, the information can be found at all.—194.251.119.208 12 August 2016 at 1:13pm (EEST) So would users be more satisfied with putting each piece after each piece as a source reference?


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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It doesn't look very beautiful, and if someone inserts text inside a paragraph, the same way you mix the source information with the outsourced as with the general sources.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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Sure if someone adds an indelible whole paragraph, then it shines yes in the eye from otherwise referenced text.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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—Jannex (discussion) 12 August 2016 at 7:21pm (EEST) Users would be pleased, for example, to have each song sourced using a single source.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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When you use a book reference and page numbers, one small blue number comes at the end of the song that doesn't ugly anything and the reference list looks cute too.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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On the other hand, you can point out each sentence, so that the unreferenced sentence stuck in between will stand out.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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There are plenty of modifiers here who, instead of mouthpies, reference the text they've added without muttering any more, either paragraph by paragraph, sentence, or something in between. —Htm (debate) 12 August 2016 at 9:15pm (EEST) (and continue) In total, those books in the previously mentioned article have a briskly second thousand pages, so hunting down some individual information about them is quite a chore.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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When you actually look at the information for the article, you would think with the same effort to mark the page number/numbers for reference.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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—Htm (discussion) 12 August 2016 at 9:22pm (EEST) Checking individual information about such comparatively new non-fiction books is usually no chore.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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They almost regularly have a comprehensive directory where you can quickly view the page numbers associated with that object.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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I would estimate it would take about a minute to verify the information from the time the book is in hand.


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¬Antilope 13 August 2016 at 00:54 (EEST) Someone else can estimate three hours.


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I'll do that.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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Three hours go I would estimate.


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Let's put four.


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-The time it takes to mark a reference is approximately one minute when the reference point has been retrieved from the books used as a source.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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However, this seems to be about something bigger than making up the reference. —Htm (debate) 13 August 2016 at 05:14 (EEST) This depends entirely on the article and the sources used in it.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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Look at the article Magnetic Amplifier, which has used as sources a number of works that can not be found in Finnish bookstores or libraries.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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If you really want to check them, you will probably have to order the work you need from abroad.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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There's a few weeks to go by and money some A's.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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When the work is finally in its own hands, the accuracy of the claim and the source citation will be verified in a matter of minutes.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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I think this is such an important reason why it is worth adding a sufficiently long quote from the source to the source reference as well.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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——Nikolas Ojala (debate) 13 August 2016 at 1:30 p.m. (EEST) The article presents more than twenty pieces of information, 4 of which have been outsourced with the reader's appreciation (as required by Wikipedia's policies), i.e. the performance receives a rating of 2/10 in terms of leaving.


Question: What does a Mallet horse look like?

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—ACFCjne Kuopio (debate) 13 August 2016 at 1:10pm (EEST) I wonder what the function of such {{Russian and Soviet avant-garde}} is, when we have a [[:Category:Russian-Soviet avant-garde]]?