Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

The stadium is used by Singapore football, rugby and cricket national teams, among others.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

In addition, the stadium hosts athletics events and concerts.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

Adjacent to the stadium are an indoor sports arena and an aquatics centre.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

[97] [98] [99] Popular sports in Singapore include cricket, badminton, basketball, rugby, football, cycling, swimming and table tennis.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

[100] At the Olympics, Singapore's most successful sport in terms of number of medals is table tennis.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

The country's first Olympic victory was achieved by swimmer Joseph Schooling at the 2016 Summer Olympics.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

[101] [102] The first Youth Olympics were held in Singapore in 2010.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

[103] The Singapore Grand Prix, a Formula One season sectional event, has been organised on the Singapore street circuit since the year.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

[104] The Singapore GP is the only evening race of the Formula One season.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

[105] The street circuit is built annually for the F1 sectionals in the Marina Bay area of Singapore's core centre.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

[106] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Heikkilä-Horn, Marja-Leena & Miettinen, Jukka O.| title = Southeast Asia.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

History and cultures| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 2005 (2nd edition) | id = ISBN 951115771X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Leitch LePoer, Barbara (ed.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

) | title=Singapore: A Country Study| location = Washington| publisher = GPO for the Library of Congress| year = 1989| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What period did Grenada belong to the West Indies Federation?

Singapore

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.| format = [Country Studies US] | accessdate = 21.10.2012}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Barwise, J.M; White, N.J.| title = Travel Guide to History, Southeast Asia| others = Translated by Top, Anne| location = English | publisher = Oy uniPress Ab| year = 2002| id = ISBN 951-579-212-6}} Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) References on the subject elsewhere Category:Asian capitals * Category:Key articles on screening Category:42 Asia


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Conversion disorder, or dissociation disorder (F44), is a disease class designation formerly known as hysteria.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Instead of conversion disorder, the International ICD-10 Classification of Diseases primarily uses the term dissociation disorder for the disease class.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

[1] [2] Conversion disorder referred to a symptom associated with involuntary muscle or sensory function that resembled a bodily disorder.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

The emergence of the symptom was accompanied by psychological factors, and the manifestation or exacerbation of the symptom was preceded by various psychological conflicts, stressors, or events related to traumatic emotional memory, whereby the dissociated part of the persona attached to the trauma became activated.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

[2] An essential feature of conversion disorder was at least one symptom or deficiency associated with sensory or involuntary muscle function similar to a neurological or other bodily disorder.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

It was later discovered that hysterical paralysis and sensory disorders were no longer present, but instead were pains, headaches and dizziness.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

[3] [4] The “disappearance” of hysterical paralysis and sensory disorders is likely related to the fact that MS patients began receiving correct diagnoses starting in the 1980s rather than conversion disorder diagnoses as MRI methods evolved [5] [6].


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Stress, psychological conflict, or traumatic event, and later structural dissociation of the persona was considered a key cause of conversion symptoms.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Therefore, it was recommended that individuals with conversion symptoms and their loved ones should seek to reduce the stress or conflict underlying the symptom.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

A traumatherapeutic approach was also recommended.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

[2] Dissociation symptoms were previously seen only as disorders of mental functions.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

In light of the results of trauma studies, the authors of the 10th version of the International ICD Classification of Diseases also included conversion disorder in dissociation disorders.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Conversion symptoms, they said, were manifestations of somatoform dissociation occurring at the level of bodily functions.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Structural dissociation concepts significantly provide a base that facilitates treatment and definition so somatoform dissociation among others.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

conversion symptoms other than psychoform e.g. narrowed state of consciousness for connecting information and research.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

[3] [4] The concept of conversion disorder has been criticized, among other things, for the failure of anyone to prove the existence of mechanisms that cause conversion disorder.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

[7] Many have also taken the view that, for example, the cough, aches and symptoms of sensory and paralysis by Anna O, author and human rights activist Bertha Pappenheim, presented by Breurer and Freud, were not caused by a conversion disorder but, for example, organic, drug addiction exacerbated encephalitis or temporal lobe epilepsy. [8] [9] [10] [11].


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Severe depression or and affective disorder caused by chloral hydrate and morphine addiction have also been put forward as a more appropriate diagnosis in Pappenheim's case.


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

[11] Suspicion of misdiagnosis is supported, among other things, by the fact that, contrary to what Freud and Breurer argued in their book Treatises on Hysteria [12] published in 1895, Pappenheim was not cured by psychoanalysis, but rather his condition deteriorated during treatment to the point that he was subjected to months hospitalization [13].


Question: What does conversion disorder mean?

Conversion disorder

Sources Category:Mental Illnesses


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go [goː] is a Chinese one-on-one board game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The game is also known by the names wéiqí () in Chinese, igo () in Japanese, and baduk () in Korean.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The game's roots are set back more than 4000 years according to Chinese mythology, [1] historically at least 500 BCE.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

take precedence.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The rules in go are very simple, but playing offers plenty of challenges and requires a rich strategic eye in all its diversity, like chess more famous in the Western world.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The goal of Gossa is to capture an area larger than the opponent's area of the game board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The player earns points depending on the size of the captured area.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Go, you can also capture the opponent's stones, for which you can also score points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Whoever garners the most points wins.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go is particularly popular in Japan, China and South Korea, but players can be found in abundance around the world.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Finland, gota sports more than a thousand people and more than half of them are club players.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[2] The game is usually known in Western countries by its Japanese name go (usually pronounced “goo” in Finnish, although “o” in Japanese is short).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Japanese, the name can be written with kanji (igo) or (go).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Chinese, the name wéiqí (with traditional characters, simplified characters) and in Korean baduk (Hangul:) is referred to as “wéiqí”.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

History Go was born in ancient China, but an exact timing for its genesis has not been able to give.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The first written reference to gohon preserved for posterity dates back to 548 BCE.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The oldest go board discovered by Chinese archaeologists is from the Western Han Dynasty period.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go has remained virtually unchanged from its birth right up to this day.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go is the oldest board game in the world to be played today in its original format.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[3] According to legend, Emperor Yao (2337—2258 BCE)


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

ordered the development of a challenging and strategic game for his son Danzhu to play because the emperor felt his son needed discipline, concentration and balance.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The lazy heir to the throne, however, was not enthusiastic about the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Another story explaining the origins of the game is that ancient Chinese warlords and generals used stones atop maps to outline the positions of the enemy and their own troops.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In this case, it was easier for them to negotiate tactical opportunities to defeat the enemy.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Prior to the industrialization of China, go was a popular game among the superior while Xiangqi (Chinese chess) was a game of the great masses, namely the common people.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In addition to calligraphy, painting, and playing Guqi, Gota was considered one of the basic skills of the Chinese scholar (Junzi), which were supposed to be practiced by its early scholars.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go gradually spread from China to Japan in the 6th century and it achieved great popularity at the imperial court in the 7th century.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

By the beginning of the 17th century, gota was publicly played in Japan.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The most significant phase of Go's development in Japan began in the early 17th century, when four schools enjoying government support were established.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

These four schools raised the standard of gaming significantly.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The most prominent school was Hon'inbō, from which two of the most decorated players in Go history also emerged: Dōsaku (1645—1702) and Shūsaku (1829—1862).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Schools developed a system of player classification similar to goho budolaji.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Government support for the school municipalities was abolished with the Meiji Restoration and their activities waned.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In the early part of the 20th century, Japanese go players started their own professional organization (the Nihon Ki-in) and sponsorship of go tournaments became more common.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Towards the end of the 20th century, similar professional organizations were established in China and Korea as well, within which the head start of Japanese professionals caught up.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go has been, before the 20th century, a practically unknown game in western countries.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Over the course of the 20th century, however, go has spread widely and garnered thousands of enthusiasts around the world.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Organized clubbing in Finland began in the 1970s.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go is still in constant global growth thanks to things like Internet gaming.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Around 2000, the Hikaru no Go manga released in Japan — and later an anime based on the comic strip aired on television — raised go to the surface among Japanese youth.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In January 2004, the anime series, which spread the popularity of go, was also aired in the United States.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Gameboard (goban) and white, as well as black pawns, stones (goishi) are used to play game equipment.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

There are usually 180 white stones and 181 black.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[4] Stones are traditionally made from slate (blacks) and seashells (white).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Since “clam stones” are valuable by the whole law, most often played with stones made of glass.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Plastic stones are even cheaper than glass stones, but they are rarely used because glass stones are of more appropriate weight as well as produce a polar comb sound when playing on the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The stones are usually stored in purpose-made cups (goke), but any other dish is visited.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The Go board is traditionally wood and has been drawn with a lattice formed by 19 vertical and horizontal lines (18 × 18 panes), with a total of 361 lines intersection points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[4] Beginners often practice gameplay mechanics on smaller boards with either 9×9 or 13×13 intersection points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Basically, gota can be played on any size board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, when playing on a smaller board, the rules change slightly (the number of handicap stones and their layout).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[5] Traditionally, the go-board is 1.5 shaku (45.45cm) long and 1.4 shaku (42.42cm) wide.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[6] Beginners are often amazed by the fact that the board is not square.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The length of the board is greater than its width in a ratio of 15:14.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The “strange” shape of the board has been suggested to be due to two reasons.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[7] First of all, with the players sitting by the board, they see it so that it looks shorter.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Because of this, the board is placed between players so that a length greater than its width creates the illusion in which the board looks like a square.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

According to another explanation, according to Japanese aesthetics, using a symmetrical form reflects “bad taste”.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The black stones of orderly prepared game stones are slightly larger than white.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The reason for this is optical illusion; white stones appear bigger on the board than black ones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The black stones are therefore made bigger to make them appear on the board the same size with the whites.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, the difference in the size of the stones is not very large, and for most players this detail goes unnoticed.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Traditionally, the stone is held between the ends of the front and middle fingers, and placed on a board so that a small but distinct “clik” sound is heard from it.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[8] Gota can be played with very simple and cheap playing equipment, such as plywood sheet and painted pebbles.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, many players appreciate quality gaming equipment and are also willing to pay for them.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The most expensive packages of go equipment (board, stones and cups) pain in the hundreds, even thousands of euros.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The game is also played on a number of computer programs that have been developed, in addition to home computers, for several games consoles, handhelds, as well as mobile phones, among others.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Several programs also allow you to play on the Internet.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Rules There are a few widely used variations of the rules of Go that can be roughly divided into Japanese and Chinese-style rules.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, all variations strategically and tactically describe the same game — the differences are mostly in the details of the score count and the handling of rare exceptional cases.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

From a beginner's point of view, all the rules are practically similar


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The rules come from a long historical tradition in which they did not appear in precise formalized forms.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Nowadays, however, clear rules are needed and there are many different sets written from the rules of the go, which, however, contain the same basic principles.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The rules are simple and can be briefly set out with nine rules.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Here one simplified Japanese-style collection of rules is presented: 1.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The game is played by two players.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

One plays with blacks and the other with white stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Black starts the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[9] 2.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Initially, the board is empty.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Players take turns placing one stone at a time on the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The player can also choose not to put a stone, i.e. passata.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The game continues until neither wants to put stones on the board, i.e. both players pass in a row.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The stones are laid at the intersections of the lines drawn on the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The player is allowed to place his stone at any empty intersection of lines on the board unless prohibited by Rules 7 or 8.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The laid stone is no longer moved unless it is removed from the board in accordance with Rule 6.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The player with more territory and prisoners (the opponent's captured stones) in total wins the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

White additionally gets extra points (komi) because Black, as a starter of the game, has an advantage on his side.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A group of stones is captured, that is, removed from the board, when it loses all its freedom, that is, its connection to the still empty intersection of lines.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A stone must not be placed in a place where it would not have any freedom if it does not capture any of the opponent's stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

“Suicide” is therefore forbidden.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Playback ban — Stone must not be played in such a way that the whole board situation that had previously been on the board is repeated.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Handicap game — The stronger player plays with whites.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Black plays as the first move with the difference between the level of players with black stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The places of these stones are marked on the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Further clarification Area and Winner (Rule 5) Go's ultimate goal is region formation.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The area is a group of free lines junction points surrounded only by their own stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Even if you score points for capturing your opponent's stones, it is just another way of capturing territory and weakening your opponent's position.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Capturing stones is not the main purpose of go.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

At the end of the game, both players count the territories they have captured and the stones of the opponent they have captured.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[10] Each free line intersection area is worth one point.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The prisoners, too, are worth one point to their captor.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Not only those already captured stones are counted as prisoners, but also those stones that, at the end of the game, are in a position from which they can no longer be rescued (For example, in the adjacent picture, a group of black in the lower left corner is “dead”).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If there is a disagreement between players as to which are dead stones, the dispute will be resolved by continuing the game until the disputed stones have been captured or found to be clearly alive.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Living and dead stones are more defined here.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In general, the goo is done in such a way that prisoners deduct the opponent's points, rather than increasing their own.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

This means putting prisoners back on the board into the opponent's territory, causing the opponent to lose the free line intersections they control, i.e., their points by the number of prisoners.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The captor of these stones no longer receives points from these reclaimed stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

White almost always gets komi, i.e., extra handicap points to his final score as compensation for allowing Black to start the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In the adjacent image, the wildfire scores 32 points for its territories and 16 points for its prisoners, making a total of 48 points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Black only gets four points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

White can deprive Black of these four points by putting prisoners he receives on the board, causing both white and black to lose four points each.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

No matter how the result is calculated, white wins by 44 points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Go, the winner is announced like this: white wins by 5 points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Go, single empty intersections are often left on the board, surrounded by stones of both players.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

These intersections do not have an obvious owner, and you don't get a single point from them.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If playing to the point of intersection does not change the point situation, these intersection points are called dames</i>and are filled with game stones no later than the point counting step, making it easier to calculate points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The eventual end of stones must not affect the course of the game or its outcome in any way.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If a player runs out of playing stones, you have to get them more.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In case of emergency, missing game stones can be replaced with some other material, such as studs.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

More stones can also be acquired by exchanging prisoners.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

For example, if both players have ten or more prisoners, both players can deduct ten stone from their prisoner cup and give them back to the opponent.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Generally, rocks run out only when there have been significantly fewer than 180 stones in the first place.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Freedoms (Rule 6) A played stone has four freedoms, that is, an empty intersection of lines above and below it and on both sides.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

On a stone placed at the edge of the board, there are only three of them and on the stone in the corner of the board there are only two.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Stones played side by side form a coherent whole in terms of freedoms.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

For example, on a chain of two adjacent stones, there are six liberties.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

When all freedoms of a stone or a chain of stones have been filled with the opposing party's stones, the stone or chain of stones has been eaten and it must be removed from the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

“Beneath” the captured stones, a new territory now under his control is revealed to the captor.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Captured stones retain the captor separate from other stones until the end of the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Usually this preservation takes place on top of upturned lids of cups made specifically for go stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A stone or group of stones with only one freedom is in a situation called atari, where it threatens to be eaten on the next turn.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Prohibition of suicide (Rule 7) A stone shall not be placed in a place where it would not have any freedom unless one or more of the opponent's stones are captured by the laying of this stone, in which case they will be removed from the board and give away to the stone thus laid at least one of the necessary of freedom.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

So a suicide ban never prohibits a move that can be used to capture an opponent's stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In the adjacent image, black can therefore capture a single white stone.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Prohibition of repetition (Rule 8) The repetition ban applies to the situation described above in which a black person is allowed to capture a white stone.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If a white attempted the same thing immediately after the black transfer, it would lead back to the situation described above and the black could in turn capture the white, and this capture could be continued indefinitely.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

To prevent this, the repetition ban now forbids a white person from imprisoning a black, as the whole situation previously on the board would be repeated.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

So white has to play to some other legitimate point, thus changing the whole board situation.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If Black responds to this by playing elsewhere as well, White can again capture the black stone in his next move, bringing the local situation back to what is shown in the picture.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If Black does not want to respond elsewhere, he can, of course, end the situation by playing a stone into the center of his own stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Handicap Games (Rule 9) The upside of Go is that players of very different levels can play with each other thanks to the game's handicap system that is interesting and challenging to each other.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Leveling is done by Black (the weaker player) placing a number of handicap stones on the board before the start of the game on the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

After that, the white starts the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Handicap stones significantly level players' power ratios while giving the weaker player a better strategic position.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Handicap stones are not set according to the player's choices, but must, depending on the number of stones, be put on the board at the locations specified in the rules.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The places of the leveling stones are marked on the board by small black dots.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The number of leveling stones affects their position on the board as follows [11] (see adjacent image): 2 stones, stones at points A and B 3 stones, stones at points A, B, C 4 stones, stones at points A, B, C, D 5 stones, stones at points A, B, C, D, E 6 stones, stones at points A, B, C, D, _, F, G 7 stones, stones to points A, B, C, D, E, F, G 8 stones, stones to points A, B, C, D, _, F, G, H, I 9 stones, stones to points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I If in a handicap game the level difference between players (in the rating system) would justify weakening for the player to get only one handicap stone, gets the weaker player only the privilege of playing with blacks (usually without komia).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Handicap stones can't usually be given more than nine.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, if the level difference between players would entitle the other player to have more than nine leveling stones, then the level difference between players is considered to be so great that the game is essentially an educational game where white teaches black.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Komi points are always added to the final score of Komi White to compensate for Black's starting advantage.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Today, the most commonly used komi is 6.5 points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A half point is usually attached to the Komi to avoid draws.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, the magnitude of Komi may vary depending on the nature of the game: In regular games, Black is allowed to play the first move.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In order to make the game even for both (equally strong) players, a white 6.5-point komi is given as compensation for black's starting right.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In handicap games, wildfire usually scores 0.5 points to avoid a komi draw.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[12] Draws are aimed at avoiding, especially in tournaments.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If draws do not hamper tournament arrangements, for example, 7-point comi can be used in equality initials and handicap games can be played without comi.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Efforts are made to select the value of Komi so that the advantage of the first move of black is credited to the full-fledged white.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

When in professional games, well over 50% of games are won with black stones, the value of komi has traditionally been increased.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

So far, the coma used in professional games has not had to be reduced.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Starter's Draw Players match with each other or scar whichever plays with blacks.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The lottery is done in such a way that one of the players takes a set of white stones in his closed grapple.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Another player places one or two black stones on the board and thus guesses whether white stones are even (two black stones) or an odd (one black stone) number.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If the guess is correct, he'll be allowed to play with black people.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Guessing wrong gets white stones held in their throes to play with blacks.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

This method of scarring is called nigiri.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[5] In tournaments, colours may have been prescribed in advance, in which case nigiri is not used.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Clock Especially in tournaments and when playing on the Internet, a game clock is usually used, which is either to prevent the game from prolonging or to raise the tempo of the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Particularly fast games (10 minutes per player, or less) are called instant games (engl., originally flash).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Players turn on the clock at the start of the game and press their own button on the clock after each move they make.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Virtual game clocks for computer go programs are automatic, that is, they do not need to be pressed separately after making the transfer.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

There are three different types of time in common use: absolute, traditional byoyomi, as well as Canadian byoyomi.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[13] In addition to these, combinations are used in which after absolute time continues with a byoyom.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Absolute Both players have their own maximum time that can be used in total to make moves.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Both players can therefore have, for example, 45 minutes.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The player's time begins to run after the opponent's turn ends when the opponent presses the clock, and ceases to run for the duration of the opponent's turn after the player's turn ends when the player presses the clock himself.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If the player runs out of time, he loses.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Traditional byōyomi After the end of “Absolute” playing time, a player's play is limited by a time limit (usually 60 or 30 seconds), within which he should make each individual move.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If a transfer is not made within this time constraint, the player is considered to have lost one of their byōyomi episodes. [14].


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The player has a certain number of byōyomi episodes.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If the player's byōyomi episodes end, he loses the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If the player manages to complete their move within the time limit, the player's turn ends and he will not miss a single byōyomi episode.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

After the player's byōyomi episode is completed, his next byōyomi period begins to wear off, provided he has any left.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Each byōyomi period that has passed through is counted as lost.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

An unfinished “missed” byōyomi episode starts over on the player's next turn.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The time limit is typically taken care of by a separate person who warns that time is running out by counting back seconds (jap.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

byō = seconds, yomi = reading).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A clock has also been developed for counting seconds aloud, which, with its beep length and later speech, has gained a legendary reputation as a troublemaker of tournaments.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[15] Canadian byōyomi As traditional byōyomi, but one episode is assigned not only the length of the period but also the number of stones to be played in that time.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

So the player must make fifteen moves in five minutes, for example.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If a player can play that number of stones within the set time, the sequence will begin again.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If time runs out while there are still stones left, the player loses the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Strategy and Tactics Go is simple in its rules, but its strategy and tactics are superior in nuance compared to other board games.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[16] Go's basic idea is to take over territory.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

There are many different approaches to taking territory and defending it.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Beginners often start the game by simply laying stones randomly along the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, beginners will soon learn the basic strategies of go and a good way to start the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

This section of the article scratches the surface of go's strategy.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A deeper look at the subject is a generous number of books compiled by professional players.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Coupling and Cutting Stones on the board are easier to defend if they are connected together into groups.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The opponent must then fulfill all the freedoms of the group in order to capture it.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

This is, of course, much harder than capturing an individual rock.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The stones are connected together by placing them at adjacent points of intersection of lines, thus forming a group.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

It makes tactical sense to try to prevent an opponent from plugging two of their groups into one big group.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

This can be prevented by “cutting”.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Cutting involves the player playing one or more stones so that it prevents the opponent from linking their two groups together.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The clipper stones are thus played between two groups of opposing opponents that are approaching each other so that they can no longer unite.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Eyes: living and dead group If a group of rocks loses its last freedom, it is removed from the board (captured).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

It is very important to keep an eye on your own groups against the threat of capture, as captors gain points in the form of prisoner stones, new territories and, in particular, influence over surrounding situations.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If your own group threatens to be under siege and the siege can no longer be prevented, two areas must be created for the threatened group to prevent capture where the opponent cannot play.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

These blanks are called eyes.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If the eyes are done correctly, the opponent cannot capture the group despite the besieging.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The opponent cannot fill these eyes, because it would be suicide for one stone.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

One group of eyes can be captured by besieging it and then filling the eye.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In this case, the group disappears the last freedom and is imprisoned.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Besieged groups without two eyes are called dead groups because of this.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[10] The group may initially appear to have two eyes (as in the accompanying image the group of black in the lower left corner).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

It can have one genuine eye and one or more fake eyes.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The fake eye looks real because you can't temporarily place a stone on it.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A deeper look shows the group to be captivable with the right set of moves.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Attack Most of the midgame is usually spent attacking the opponent's weak groups and defending their own groups.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, it is important to remember that the go is aimed at getting as big an area as possible from the board to your own control.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In this case, the main purpose of an attack in the middle game is not to capture the opponent's groups, but to achieve strategically advantageous positions for capturing territories (new or opponent's).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Attacks are also used to “distract” the opponent, thereby complicating his chances of capturing territories.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Stages of the game Go game always includes three episodes: the initial game (jap.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

fuseki), middle game (jap.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

chūban) as well as the endgame (jap.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

yose).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Initial play usually focuses first on playing stones into the corners of the board and then extending the play to establishments.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The middle game and endgame, on the other hand, take place across the board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Mistakes made in an early game can have fatal consequences for the outcome of the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

This is why knowing the starting game and its many opening theories, or joseks, is extremely important to the player of the go.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In the middle game, players aim to gain possession of as large areas of the board as possible, taking advantage of the positions they built in the early game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In the endgame, players have captured almost the entire board for themselves already.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Only small areas remain vacant.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

There are not very many profitable moves left in the endgame and experienced players are able to calculate the value of each remaining move.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In this case, they will be able to play the remaining moves for themselves in the most advantageous order, thus earning as many points as possible.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Calculating the values of transfers is challenging and easy to get wrong.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, mastering this skill is one of the most important skills a go player needs and is the basis of the entire endgame stage.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Rating System The most common rating system used by go players comes from Japan and is similar to budo species.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[4] Amateur players are divided into kyū-levels starting around 30kyūn (counter-starter) and rising to 1kyūu.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

After Kyū-levels come dan levels starting at 1dan and rising up to 8dan.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

1dan is considered to master and understand the basics of various aspects of the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

8dan ratings are awarded to those who have won the World Amateur Championship.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Most of the go regulars play at a level between about 10kyūn and 3dan.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In handicap games, the difference in ratings between players determines the number of handicap stones.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Thus, a player rated 4kyū would give the 11kyūs seven handicap stones (11—4 = 7) and would receive five stones from his 2dan level opponent.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Similarly, a player's rating is determined by how many stone handicaps he or she is able to play level games against other players.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Ratings of Japanese, Korean and Chinese professionals start with 1dan, aka shodan.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The top professional rating is 9dan.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The 1 dan of professionals is remarkably stronger than the equivalent amateur classification.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Professional ratings are not used directly to determine a player's strength or handicap stones, but rather inform a player's experience and past success.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

10dan (, jūdan) is not a classification, but a title held by the winner of the Japanese professional tournament of the same name.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The dominant 10dan is Shinji Takao [17].


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Good way of playing Behavior when playing gota can be “free” at informal home games, but often in clubs and tournaments it is even mandatory to follow certain courtesy rules.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A few polite ways to play are shown here: Total silence should prevail during the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Both players and potential spectators should refrain from talking and other vocalizations (coughing et al) to preserve the playing gland.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[18] It is polite (in tournaments) to give up if a player has drifted into a position which is impossible to win.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

For example, the Japanese consider it very rude if an opponent continues an already “lost” game until its bitter end.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Generally, handing is expressed to the opponent by playing two stones side by side on the board at once.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[18] It is rude to jump rocks.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The stone should be taken from the cup only when the player has decided on which point on the board he wants it to be placed and after that the stone should also be immediately played.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[18] In East Asia — mainly Japan, China and Korea — players usually bow to each other at the beginning and end of the game, wishing good play and finally giving thanks for the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[19] It is usually customary for players to count each other's points rather than their own points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

It's very polite to make sure you agree with your opponent on the outcome of the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[18] Philosophy In general, go and chess are seen as embodiments of East and West strategic thinking.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Go, the game starts on an empty board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

It focuses on building areas for themselves through many battles and at the end a points-based comparison determines the winner.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Chess, on the other hand, is an end-centric game as it seeks to kill the opposing team's individual pawn (king).


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Similar comparisons have also been made among Backgammon, chess and go, three of perhaps the oldest board games still to be played.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[20] Backgammon can be seen as a game in which a person's relationship with destiny manifests itself, because in Backgammon, also known as gambling, dice play a big role in the course of the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Chess, with its hierarchical military phalanxes marching towards each other, describes man's relationship with other people.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go's handicap system allows players of varying levels to play with each other equally.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Thanks to the leveling system, each player also feels their own strength compared to other players.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Go can therefore be seen as a kind of measure of self-development, a person's relationship with himself.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Computers and go Chess playing computer Deep Blue won World Chess Champion in 1997.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Back then it wasn't even in sight how the equivalent would be implemented in go, so a guess was estimated that it might be somewhere a hundred years away.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[21] With AlphaGo, it lasted 19 years.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[21] Ordinary computers have traditionally not fared well for a moderately good club player or better.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[13] However, computer go programs give beginners and slightly more advanced players a moderate option for the rank of human gamers.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The development of artificial intelligence is also hampered by the fact that human players often cannot explain why, in particular, the first moves of the game are workable.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

This is due to the high abstractness of the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In Go and chess, the deciding factor is the computer's approach to problems.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In chess, the raw calculation of transfer by move works, as there are significantly fewer different sets of moves in chess than in go.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

For now, raw computing power is not enough in go to begin with, as in go, we need the ability to assess the situation of the board as a whole and use these assessments as a basis for transfers.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

For a computer that is not capable of the same, the game is unbalanced.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Playing go has been compared to making art: when computers learn to play go, they also learn how to make art.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Dutch national supercomputer Huygens won two go games against professionals at the tournament in 2009.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[22] Its activities were based on statistical estimates.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[22] AlphaGo 2015 it was announced that AlphaGo, software that mimics the logic of neural networks in the human brain from Google's DeepMind artificial intelligence company, defeated gon European champion Fan Hui in a five-game match 5—0.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[23] [24] Artificial intelligence learns from the matches of top players as well as how to play against themselves.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[23] AlphaGo played five games in March 2016 against Lee Sedol, considered the best go player in the world.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

AlphaGo won the first three and fifth games with Sedol winning the fourth meaning the series ended with a 4-1 AlphaGo victory.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[23] [25] [26] [27] Online Gaming The Internet has made it possible to play go around the world.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Dedicated servers can play as well as chat with multiple players of varying levels.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

These mostly free go servers usually find an opponent pretty quickly and effortlessly.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Concepts in Go and especially in books dealing with gota use a lot of Japanese terms, [28] that denote a particular situation or event in the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

There are a lot of concepts and it is not worth memorizing all of them, but the most important ones are nevertheless worth remembering.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Only a few key concepts have been put forward here: Atari () is a situation where a stone or group of stones has only one freedom left.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

In this case, it can be captured on the next turn.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A dame () is an empty intersection of lines from which neither player scores points.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Damet will be filled with playing stones no later than the point landing stage.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Filling them should not affect the game situation.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

If it does, however, it was not a dame.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

A gote () is a played stone that does not outright force the opponent to answer it.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Fuseki () is a designation for book transfers, used especially in the initial game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Hoshi ()


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

star) is the site of a handicap stone on the go board, marked by a small black dot.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Leveling stones are laid in a certain order for hoshes, depending on their number.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

There are nine Hoshes in total on the normal 19*19 boards.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Joban () is the Japanese language designation for an initial game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[29] Jōseki () is an established transfer series that gives both players good positions on the game board.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Jōseki is thus akin to openings in chess.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Jōseks are a very important stage of play in go.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Kō () is a situation triggered when Player A captures player B's stone so that B could, in his own turn, accordingly capture the stone of A played first.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

However, in doing so, Player B would repeat the entire game situation already on the board, which is forbidden, so he must first play somewhere else to decide the kō situation.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Komi () is a compensation given to a white person for allowing Black to start the game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Komi is added to the total white score at the end of the game and is usually 6.5 points, thus avoiding the possibility of a draw as well.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Sente () is a played stone to which the opponent is practically forced to respond with his own move.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Ignoring Sente can degrade a player's position significantly.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Activities in Finland The first Finnish go-club (Helsinki go-kerho ry) started its activities in 1979.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

[1] Nowadays, gota can already be played in many different clubs around Finland: Espoo.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Espoo go-club Espoo.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

PoGo, Aalto University Helsinki.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Helsinki go-club Helsinki.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

YliGo, University of Helsinki Joensuu.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

JoseKi Jyväskylä and Kuopio.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Tengen Kuopio.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Kuopio Go Ballei Lappeenranta.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

SaiGo Oulu.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

The Goonpellers of Oulu Salo.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Tampere.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

TTGok.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Tampere University of Technology Tampere.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Kanpai Turku.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Turku Hayashi Vantaa.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Boshi See also the European go-federation Go in Finland Go rules — the article for a more in-depth look at the rules of Go.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Hon'inbō Shūsaku — Considered the greatest gon player of all time.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Godokoro — Head of Go Agency in Edo Period Japan.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Hikaru no Go — Japanese anime series.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Renju — Japanese board game.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Matti Siivola, Lauri Paatero| title = Go — Game of the Gods | publisher = Like cost| year = 1988| id = ISBN 951-96078-9-7| page = 9-43}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Richard Bozulich| title = The Go Player's Almanac 2001| publisher = KISEIDO Publishing Company| year = 2001| id=ISBN 4-906574-40-8| page=18—19, 98, 173—199}} Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

— Finnish go-wiki.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

— An interactive online guide to the beginnings of go in Finnish.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

— Go-wiki.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

— British Go Journal No.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

54 Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Paatero, Lauri| title=Go — What is it? | location = Helsinki| publisher = Books on Demand GmbH| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-952-498-126-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Yang, Yilun| title = Go: Skill Game Basics | others = Translated by Olli Markkanen| location = Ranua| publisher = Pine Cost | year = 2008| version = (Fundamental principles of go, 2004) | id = ISBN 978-952-5712-07-0}} Richard Bozulich, The Go Player's Almanac 2001, 2001, KISEIDO Publishing Company, ISBN 4-906574-40-8 Richard Bozulich, The Second Book of Go, 1998 Beginner and Elementary Go Books ISBN 4-906574-31-9 Kano Shinoroshinor , Graded Go Problems For Beginners, Volume 1—4, 1998 Kiseido Publishing Co ISBN 4-906574-46-7 Nihon Kien, Go: the World's Most Fascinating Game, Vol 1 — Introduction, 1973.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Nihon Kiin, Go: the World's Most Fascinating Game, Vol 2 — Basic Techniques, Iwamoto Kaoru, Ishi Press, Go for Beginners, Tokyo, 1972 ISBN 0-87040-166-1.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

On topic elsewhere — An interactive online guide to the beginnings of go in Finnish.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

— Finnish go-wiki.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

— Go-wiki.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

— List of differences between the different rule variations of go.


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go


Question: How many rules are there in Go?

Go

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


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Category:Go Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Stone Age pottery has been invented during or after the most recent ice age in several corners of the world and apparently independently of each other.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The earliest timed pottery finds are in East Asia, but it has also been independently introduced in places such as the Middle East, Africa and South America.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The first pottery manufacturers in East Asia were hunter-gatherers who took advantage of a new medium in storing, preparing and cooking food.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Its manufacturing skills spread to neighboring areas of biscuit groups, but the mechanism of dispersal between hunter-gatherers is still not precisely known.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Only some of the Stone Age pottery was made in communities that herded cattle and farmed the land.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Among these communities, pottery spread with the spread of agriculture.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

This phenomenon is especially observed in Europe.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] [2] Timings The timings used in this article have not been able to be communicated in a uniform manner.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

When denoting the trailing of the timing BP (“”), then one refers to radiocarbon dating with the idea of “years ago”.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

When we mark the timing trailing BC, then means “one year before the beginning of our time”.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Radiocarbon dating has established a systematic error that can be corrected by calibrating it on a calibration curve.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The calibration takes into account ancient fluctuations in carbon dioxide that occurred in the atmosphere and the correction capability of the calibration curve extends to the beginning of the end of the ice age.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Therefore, timings older than this cannot be properly calibrated and some of the timings have only been reported as BP timings and not calibrated BCE. timings.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Ceramic Vessel The concept of pottery has been loosely defined in archaeology, but this is a material made deliberately or accidentally by man that has survived to the present day as hard pieces.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Most stone-age ceramic pieces belonged to dispersed vessels, but cult objects were also made from pottery.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

By definition, clay is, as a moist material, to be baked and shaped into an object of the desired shape, which hardens as it dries and no longer deforms.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

However, dry clay does not withstand everyday use, but easily breaks into pieces.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Dried clay can be turned into ceramics by burning it at a sufficiently hot temperature.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In heat, minerals melt together or form chemical bonds, thus strengthening the structure of the material so that moisture can no longer break down the structure formed in the material.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] The earliest Stone Age pottery was always made from local clay mixed with binders and shaped according to tradition, and finally burned at temperatures produced by a campfire.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The manufacturing technology gradually improved over thousands of years so that the weight of the dishes decreased, the size increased and the ceramic quality improved.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Quality of pulp The material used in containers has often been clay excavated from their own immediate surroundings, but sometimes the clay was retrieved from far away.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

It has been customary to mix organic or inorganic binders among the clay.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The organic binder may have contained animal hair, bird feathers, hay or plant fibers.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The inorganic binder may have been sand, rubble rock, asbestos fiber, crush of seashells, or ground pottery.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The binders gave the clay mass posture and improved the properties of the finished dish.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The organic binder burned into carbon dioxide upon combustion and left the dishes porous.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The porous vessel was lighter and did not heat up on fire so strongly.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The inorganic binder was chemically attached to the ceramic structure of the clay, strengthening it.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Sand and rubble conducted heat well, resulting in improved cooking properties of the dish.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

However, the common function of the binders was to prevent the vessel from cracking upon firing.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Minerals in the selected clay affected the color of the burned pottery as it oxidized upon firing.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Badly burnt clay was left dark grey or brown and the colour of the well-burnt clay changed to red due to iron oxide.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Traces of paint have also been found on the surface of old dishes, so in some cultures the dishes were painted after firing, for example, in a black or red color.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Design Early utensils were often shaped like an egg-half.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The base was then tapered, but sharp bottom tips also occur.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The bottom could be made perfectly round or the bottom could be made flat.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The circular vessel is convenient in sand because the vessel embedded in the pit remained very upright and could be tilted in its pit without the risk of tipping over.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The flat-bottomed dish has been good on hard paint floors.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The vessel could be shaped into a chalice, with the walls opening to the sides and the mouth opening larger than the base.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The small-mouthed vessel was made by tilting the walls with insides and narrowing the mouth opening.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Between these variations, a straight-walled vessel is left.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The choice of variation was influenced by the traditions and use of the group.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Decoration Already the very first dishes in China, Russia and Japan were decorated.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

It is certainly a mistake to imagine that decoration would only be related to aesthetics, however, its purpose has not been seriously considered.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

However, the importance of ornamentation is highlighted in archaeology, where cultural connections between groups are elucidated.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Decoration styles were inherited from author to author and pervasive and long-lasting “fashion fads” have been observed in the material.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

For example, the style of decoration of typical hairstyle pottery spread over a thousand kilometers wide area in a relatively short time, and the main features of the style remained similar for hundreds of years.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Combustion By heating dried dishes, for example, in a campfire, the first ceramization temperature of 450 °C is easily achieved, but temperatures up to 600−750 °C have been used a lot.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Ceramization is a slow process, so a long burning time was required for the vessel to fully ceramise.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Until the end, the burned clay was hard and porous.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

This is a good attribute for a storage container, but a bad attribute for a cooking pot.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The vessel is drained when the liquids are swamped through the walls of the porous vessel.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The vessel can be made tight either by smearing its inner surface with grease, for example, or by interrupting the burning of the vessel so that only the surface of the vessel becomes ceramised.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The clay in the inner part absorbs water and swells into a tight form.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Stone Age utensils were most often partially burned.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The invention of pottery The earliest known ceramic artifacts are from Dolní Věstonice in the Central European Czech Republic.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Around 2000 ceramic clay idols, or 'godpics', have been found there.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Among such idols are the most famous “venus”, presenting fertile women.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

They were produced around 28000−22000 BP in the Pavlov culture circle.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Although Venus figurines could be made of any material, some of them are nevertheless pottery.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Such a ceramic tradition does not involve earthenware.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[3] The reasons for the invention of pottery There had been a long-held notion in archaeology based on the observation of Europeans, that pottery was invented in the Near East (Dual Stream Country or Egypt) or the Indus Valley and spread from there around the world.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

This phenomenon was accompanied by a shift from hunting and gathering to pursuing various forms of agriculture, what phase is called the Neolithic Stone Age.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

This theory gained its challenger from several discoveries in the 20th century, in which it was hunter-gatherers who began to use pottery without switching to agricultural pursuits.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[4] Groups practising a mobile lifestyle are not known to have used pottery, or at least not large earthenware, which would have been difficult to move without breaking.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In a mobile lifestyle, a move was made to a new food source, and when it ran out, moved to near the next food source.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In the Northern Hemisphere, certain foraging phenomena recurred regularly and the group developed a so-called annual cycle.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

There are numerous examples of groups in the Mesolithic cultural period where the practice of the annual cycle has ceased or limited.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The reason has been a diverse ecosystem that may have provided nourishment throughout the year, or evolved foraging habits.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Such groups have been in an opportune situation to take on the good qualities of ceramics.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

For example, better use of daily nutrition by boiling than by frying.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Several scholars point out that instead of the daily need, it has been possible to harvest the harvest of natural fruit, berry or grass crops and preserve it to diversify the nutrition of the coming months.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[4] [5] Where storage could have been carried out in mesh or leather bags, earthen holes or wooden containers, ceramics have brought some additional advantages.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Pottery breathes, is a hard material for insects and is refractory.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In addition to storing, pottery may have been used for foraging.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Sprouting and heating may have been a popular way to prepare the seeds to be eaten.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Instead of heating food by a campfire, it can be heated in a wooden container by lowering hot rocks and water there.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Maintaining a water bath requires exchanging cold stones for hot stones, which can be accessed by heating the food in an earthenware pot with a campfire.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Dietary soaking could now be intensified by plundering, allowing the range of foraging to be further expanded.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Better nutritional exploitability is probably one of the greatest advantages of pottery.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Instead of frying meat or fish over an open fire and allowing the fat to drain into the flames, food cooked in the dish could be exploited down to the soup broth.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

On the side of storage, food products may have been fermented, whereby leavening, fermentation or other impersonation would improve the nutritional value of the food.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[6] [7] According to one theory, pottery was invented due to climatic change when the last colding of the Ice Age around 25000−15000 BP caused extinction and changes in the species spectrum.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

For example, many species of animals and plants became extinct in the regions of China, forcing people to also take advantage of wild rice, which in some places of residence became the staple food.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

There is archaeological evidence of similar events from different eras on different continents.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[5] Ways of the Invention of Pottery In many East Asian cultures food was cooked by cooking them in a tube of bamboo trunk.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

It was also possible to cook food in a wooden vessel using hot stones, but a wet wooden vessel could also be heated by fire.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

A wooden vessel protected by clay could be heated directly on an open fire, but the vessel burned slightly from its surface nonetheless.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The shape of the clay coating heated in fire and chipped off may have served as the seed of the idea.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

On top of a wooden vessel, the moulded clay surface chipped off after drying and could be used to heat food once or twice.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The dry-heated clay pot lasted more times and thus the development has been able to continue towards the ceramic vessels we know.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

However, the exact description of the development is a matter of speculation, as earthenware appears in archaeological material as finished products.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[5] [8] East Asia Research at this time has identified three very early and almost contemporaneous centres where pottery began to be first made.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Southern China, eastern Russia and the islands of Japan have the earliest dates of pottery almost contemporaneous, but the quality of the pottery material, the design and decoration of the vessels varies greatly in these places.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Because of the differences, it is assumed that the manufacture of ceramics was invented in these sites without the knowledge of each other.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] The reason for the emergence of the new technique may be the Dryasperiod coldness period associated with the end of the ice age.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In China, for example, many species of animals became extinct and the deteriorating economic situation forced people to think about new survival strategies.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

It is assumed that earthenware is linked to this development.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

However, sudden global warming following Dryas eased the situation as more deciduous fauna thriving in mixed forest appeared in forests.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Changes in flora allowed new plants to be utilized as a food source.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Rice grains suspected of being harvested or cultivated for food needs have been found in many places of residence.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

When processing rice, dishes were convenient aids.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] Japan As early as the 1960−0s, Japan was considered to be the site of making the oldest burned pottery in the whole world, when the oldest pots were dated to 12700−12200 BP.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

New discoveries have moved the early moment of the invention all the more early, but today several equally old dates are also known in southern China.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] In Japan, more than 80 dwellings of the older Jōmon period are known, with over 100 timings available.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In these places of residence, people have stayed put all year round and everything to do has been able to be arranged in an affordable way, in contrast to the mobile lifestyle.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Their livelihood has initially been hunting and gathering, but pottery has still been needed for something.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[4] Based on the dates made, it can be considered certain that ceramics were produced in Japan between 14800−13600 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

or in one case maybe even 15200 BC.. The tradition of making ceramic tableware has remained vibrant in Japan from that moment on.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] Korea Until recent years it has been thought that pottery was produced in Korea around 8000 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

from.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In use were shallow things with a flat bottom.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Such places of residence include Jangjang Osanni, Go Surung Munamri, Sihinamri, Dolsan Songdo and Sangnodaedo.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

It is now known, however, in the Yellow Sea island of Jeju a new residence in Kosan-ni, where it has been manufactured possibly a couple of thousand years earlier.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The problem is the different timings given by samples taken from pottery, ranging from 10000−4500 BP.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] [9] South and North China When very old pottery was discovered in China in the 1980s, it was challenging to date them.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Timings that meet the strictest criteria are known for five discoveries.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In the province of Guangxi, located in southern China, the abodes of Miaojan and Bailiandong are known, with pot shards timed to 13,300 BP.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Radiocarbon dating is calibrated to 17300−14700 BCE.. The discovery of the Xianrendong cave residence in Jiangxi Province was timed in 2012 at around 20000 BP [10].


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

It is currently the oldest pottery dating.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In the urban area of Beijing in northern China lies the residence of Nanzhoangtou, whose pottery is dated to 10200 BP, or 10600−9300 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

If the art of making pottery in South China spread to communities in the environment, the North Chinese learned its southern Chinese much later.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] [11] Pottery from the settlement site of Juchanjan, Hunan Province, is dated to around 13700 BP [1], but more recent research dated the oldest samples taken from the cave to at least 16300−14000 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Other fragments of pottery found in the cave were aged from about 13300 BCE, to 15900 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

and 14800 BCE, but their timings are still being refined.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[1] [12] [13] Several other early discoveries have been made in China, but their radiocarbon dating is on uncertain ground.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Even from these timings note that pottery has been used uninterrupted in some areas for up to 18000 years.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Even within China, the introduction of the invention has varied drastically.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In northern China Manchuria, the earliest dating is around 6300 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[14], although pottery was used in all other air directions for thousands of years prior.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In the 1980s, the first observations of early pottery were made in eastern Russia in Russia.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

These findings gained further confirmation in the 1990− and 2000−centuries when additional ceramics aged over 11000 BP were discovered.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Today successful dates have been obtained from the following places of residence, where ceramics have been manufactured and used: Gasja, Khummi, Gromatukha, Chennigovka-1, Concharka-1, Ustinovka-3 and Novopetrovka-2.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

They are located in the Amur catchment area.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The earliest dating is 13300−12300 BP, or 14500−12100 BCE.. [1] [15] The habitations of Ust-Karenga have been studied in the Vitim basin, where the pottery found is dated to 11070−10600 BP, or 12200−10200 BCE.. This is only slightly younger than the oldest pottery in the Amur basin.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Old pottery has been found at a few other mainly Trans-Baikalese habitations.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Near the Mongolian border in Ust-Kayakhta, the timing of the soil layer containing the creamy from the bones gave 11500 BP.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

At another site Studenoje-1, located in the Chikoi drainage basin, pottery was found in four cultural layers and dates were obtained from the youngest pot fragments averaging around 10400 BP.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

These timings have received criticism, so they cannot yet be considered definitive.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Early utensils were decorated with combs, but later 7000−6000 BP was in use as tightrope dishes.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[16] Some researchers have searched central Siberia for ceramics that could prove it spread from east to west Europe.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

One such candidate, Sumpanja style, has been found in the catchment area of the Sumpanja River.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Unfortunately, its timing has so far yielded conflicting timings of 9100−6100 BP and cannot yet be considered an example of eastern pottery spreading westward.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

However, additional candidates in support of the spreading theory are unknown.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In fact, the early area of the use of creammics seems to end east of Bakal, as ceramic finds west of Baikal are dated to around 6200−5900 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

A gap of 6000 years is left between the early and late timings.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[16] [14] The study of northern parts has been inconvenient due to the long distances and harsh climate.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In light of a few timings made in the north, it appears that the art of making pottery spread further north along with the movement of people or as a cultural exchange between groups.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The idea is supported by timings in the habitations of Puzi-2 on Sakhalin Island (7900 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), along the Alda of a side branch of the Belkachi-1 Lena (4900 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), in the lower reaches of the Siktyakh Lena (4000 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), Agrobaza-4 on the tops of Kolyma (3500 BCE.)


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

and Tytyl-4 east of the Kolyma estuary (3000 BCE.).


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[14] Mongolia The early dates of China and Eastern Russia have not come to prominence in Mongolian archaeology, as it is where the earliest pots were made from 6600−4400 BCE. [14] The taiga and tundra zone of the rear Ural Eurasian Taiga means a coniferous forest zone extending from Norway Eastern Russia.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The posterior taiga of the Urals appears to form a zone uniform in terms of the spread of pottery.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Early dates of its surroundings have been noted along the zone and it can be assumed that pottery spread both south and north of it.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The earliest dates of pottery here are in the habitations of the southern parts of the taiga Koksharovsky in the Ural Mountains (6500 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), Barsova Gora II/19 along the Ob River (6400 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), Korchugan 1a along the Irtyš branch of the Ob River (5600 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), Kornachak 2 near Altai (6200 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), Eleneva Cave 11G along the Yenisei (5800 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

), along the Angara, a side branch of the Ust-Kova Yenisei (5100 BCE.)


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

and Goreliy along Les Angara near Lake Baikal (5900 BCE).


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[14] [17] [18] However, in light of the timings throughout North Asia, it appears that pottery has come there from the south and spread further north along with hunter-gatherers or through cultural exchanges between the population.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

From areas that used East Asian pottery early to connect the “corridor” to the early Neolithic communities of the Middle East, and groups in the corridor would have adopted the use of pottery as early as 7500 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

or even before that.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The spread has seemed to accelerate around 7000 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

and the same has happened since 5000−4000 BCE.. [7] [18] Pottery making spreads from south to north, following the banks of rivers descending into the Arctic Ocean.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

For example, in the Yenisei delta near the Arctic Ocean lies the residence of Ust-Polovinka, which pottery dates to 2600 BCE.. It seems to take several thousand years to spread.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[14] South Asia India and Paksistan The timing of the oldest finds of Indian pottery is yet to be made.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Many archaeological sites show signs of early livestock keeping, but not pottery, and the use of wild rice for sustenance has also been observed at some Mesolithic sites.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The earliest Neolithic site engaged in cultivation is found in Mehrgarh of the Indus Valley of Pakistan around 7000 BCE, but even there initially without pottery.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Its manufacture in the Indus River valley has been noted during a long-standing archaeological excavation tradition.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Mehrgarh was around 5500—3300 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

at the same time both ceramic and neolithic residence.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Pottery appeared in archaeological layers as a fairly finished concept and sophisticated design.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

At sites in Birrana, Rakhigarh and Soth, the earliest tableware is loosely dated to 6000−4600 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Discoveries of East Indian pottery decorated with tightrope patterns have been made at new Mesolithic sites.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Once timed, the earliest introduction of pottery moves further into the past. [19] [20] [21] [22] Far East Early Neolithic cultures in Vietnam include the Hoabinh, Bacson and Da Buti cultures.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

In the Da But culture there are signs of pottery being used as early as around 7500 BCE, although in other sites the date of pottery has been obtained no earlier than 4700 BP, or around 3700 BCE. [23] [24] Early pottery pieces have also been dated to old in Thailand.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Signs of burnt seeds (apparently drenching), pottery, domesticated animals, and bronze and iron objects have been found in several caves.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Pottery has been observed from a cave in Non Nok Tha' (3000 BCE)


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

and from Spirit Cave (7000 BCE.).


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Residents of Spirit Cave have lived at the site no later than 10,000 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

and its discovered pottery has been well made and decorative.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[25] Pottery spread to the islands of Pacific Melanesia with the so-called Lapita culture in 1500 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

from.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Tradition spread from New Guinea, defecting from island to island to an increasingly large area.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[26] Australia Australia natives did not develop pottery and did not use it until the historic period.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[27] Europe Europe pottery manufacturing spread from the Southeast onwards and progressed rapidly as far as the Arctic Ocean and only later into Western Europe.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

To northern Russia and Fennoscandia, manufacturing skills were spread by hunter-gatherers who practiced the Mesolithic lifestyle.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Through the Balkans to Central and Western Europe, it was spread by groups engaged in farming.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[2] Hunter-gatherers in Europe on the western side of the Ural Mountains, the first groups to adopt pottery belonged to the Jelšan culture around 7200−6800 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

As it is the earliest ceramic tradition in the forest zone and in Europe, it has been suggested pottery was invented there independently.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Apparently, pottery spread from here to various regions of northern Russia, Fennoscandia, the southern regions of the Baltic Sea and the Dutch and Belgian Netherlands until 5000 BCE.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

by.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The pottery of these and its use has been preserved by hunter-gatherers for millennia and justifies the claim that it has spread from its origin in different air directions as a cultural loan.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

[2] Agricultural groups in Central and Western Europe had two ceramic dispersal events almost simultaneously.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

The spread of culture was also accompanied by the displacement of the agrarian population.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

It is thought that this event brought a strong Indo-European influence to the European gene lineage.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

A hallmark of the Central European spreading wave can be considered ribbon ceramics.


Question: Where was pottery invented?

Stone Age pottery

Its initial root is the Middle East and the spreading route passed through Turkey, the Balkans, the Danube Valley to Central Europe.