Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

However, the Amazons, Atlanteans, Humans, Green Lanterns, and Olympolan gods repel Steppenwolf's attack, after which Amazons, Atlanteans, as well as humans each take one mother box and hide them.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

In the present, the world is still mourning the death of Superman.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Sensing the fear felt by humanity, Steppenwolf, with his parademons, intends to re-attempt the recapture of Earth in order to regain the trust of his master Darkseid.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

He attacks Themyscira and steals the mother box there, after which the Amazon-queen Hippolyta warns her daughter Diana Prince about this.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Bruce Wayne decides to move forward with his plan to assemble a group of metahumans to counter the threat and attempts to recruit Arthur Curry, a semi-Atlantean known as the “Aquarius”, as well as Barry Allen, who has superhuman speed, while Diana tries to recruit Victor Stone, who has been turned into a cyborg.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Arthur and Victor refuse, but Barry agrees to join.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Victor changes his mind when the Parademons kidnap his father Silas Stone and a group of other S.T.A.R.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Labs scientists to find a mother box hidden by humans.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Steppenwolf attacks Atlantis and manages to get another mother box from there, with Arthur going after him.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Gotham City Police Chief James Gordon tells the group how parademons had been spotted moving in underground tunnels and they conclude Steppenwolf was hiding in an abandoned facility.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Bruce, Diana, Barry, and Victor manage to rescue the kidnapped scientists, but water begins to flood the facility.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

However, after being attacked by Atlantis, Arthur, who has changed his mind, saves them and joins the group.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Victor retrieves the last mother box from its stash place and Bruce decides to use it to resurrect Superman again, both to stop Steppenwolf and to restore humanity's hope.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Diana and Arthur view the plan with suspicion, but Bruce has an emergency plan if Superman were to attack them.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

They dig Superman's body up from his grave and place it in the waters of a Kryptonian ship before activating the mother box with Barry's powers to resurrect Superman once again.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

However, Superman suffers partial amnesia and attacks the group when Victor accidentally shoots at him.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

But at the last minute, Bruce reveals his emergency plan and calls in Lois Lane.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Seeing Lois causes Superman to calm down and he leaves with him to Smallville to regain the rest of his memories.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

But with the last mother box left unattended, Steppenwolf easily manages to take it.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Five leaves without Superman to Russia, where Steppenwolf once again connects the mother boxes, intent on reshaping Earth to be similar to his own home planet.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

The group fights the Parademons and Victor, despite Steppenwolf's inhibitions, tries to tell the mother boxes apart.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Eventually, Superman arrives and helps Barry evacuate the town as well as Victoria separate the mother boxes.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Six will gain the advantage against Steppenwolf, now driving in turn to the brink of this scare.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

The Parademons sense Steppenwolf's fear and teleport him with them forcibly from Earth.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

After the battle, Bruce decides to rebuild Wayne's mansion to make it the group's headquarters and decides with Diana to prepare for potential new members.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Diana begins acting as “Wonder Woman” in public, Barry impresses her father by getting a job on the Central City police force, Victor returns to S.T.A.R.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

To Labs to learn, with the help of his father, how to control his abilities, Arthur returns back to Atlantis and Superman returns to his former life as Clark Kent.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

In a scene shown between the end credits, Barry and Superman decide to compete to see which one is faster.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

In a scene shown after the end credits, Lex Luthor has escaped Arkham Asylum and recruits hitman Slade Wilson to be part of his own group against the heroes.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Production Development Originally from Warner Bros.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

hired Michele and Kieran Mulroney to do the screenplay for the Defenders of Justice film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[1] Around the same time, a Joss Whedon-designed film about Wonder Woman as well as a David S. Goyer designed film about The Flash were cancelled.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[2] [3] The screenplay for the film, which was given the title Justice League: Mortal, received positive feedback.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

As returns from Superman Returns remained low, Brandon Routh was not asked to reprise the role of Superman, and Christian Bale, who starred in the film Batman Begins, was not asked to play the role of Batman.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Justice League: Mortal was meant to start a whole new series of films, including several sequels and spin-off films.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

However, the screenwriters' strike of 2007—08 delayed the project, as did the changing of the production venue several times.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

In 2008, the film was declared cancelled and the studio tried to implement first solo films about the main heroes.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

However, Green Lantern, which came out in 2011, was not successful and as the only solo film project to proceed at a decent pace, missed the 2013 film Man of Steel.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Shortly after the completion of filming for Man of Steel, Warner Bros.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

hired Will Beall to do the screenplay for the new Justice League film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[4] Warner Bros. executive Jeff Robinov explained that Man of Steel could “set the tone for which films are going to go ahead.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

That's where this is definitely the first step.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

“[5] The film contained references to the existence of other DC Universe superheroes [6], and would set the tone for the shared fictional cinematic universe of DC Comics characters.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[7] Goyer announced that Green Lantern would appear in one of the upcoming films, which would be a refilmatization of the character, and would not be related in any way to the 2011 film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[8] With the release of Man of Steel, in June 2013, Goyer was hired to script the sequel, as well as a new Justice League film, after Beall's script was rejected due to the studio's disgruntled reception.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[9] The title of the sequel was revealed to be Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, a film in which Man of Steel's Henry Cavill would return to the role of Superman, and in which Ben Affleck and Gal Gadot would play Batman and Wonder Woman.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

The films are set in a different universe from Nolan and Goyer's Dark Knight trilogy, although Nolan is still involved as executive producer of Batman v Superman.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[10] In April 2014, it was announced that Zack Snyder would also direct a Justice League film based on Goyer's script.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[11] Warner Bros.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

later reported that Chris Terrio would rewrite Justice League, after impressing with his new script for Batman v Superman.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[12] In October 2014, Warner Bros.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

announced that the film would be released as a two-part, Worlds of DC's fifth and tenth films, with the first part premiering in 2017, and the second part in 2019.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Snyder will direct both films.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[13] In July 2015, it was revealed that Terrio has finalised the script for the first film that went under the working title Justice League Part One.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[14] According to Zack Snyder, the inspiration for the film is Jack Kirby's comic book series New Gods, [15] and that the film's villain would be Steppenwolf, commander of the military forces on the planet Apokolips and Darkseid's uncle.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

His hologram was previously seen from the film Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice in a deleted scene with three mother boxes.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[16] Producers Deborah Snyder and Charles Roven announced in June 2016 that the second Justice League film will be a separate story from the first film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[17] Casting In April 2014, Ray Fisher was cast to play Victor Stone/Cyborg and make a cameo appearance in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice before appearing in a bigger role in the Justice League films.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[18] [19] Henry Cavill, Ben Affleck, Gal Gadot and Amy Adams are also expected to return to their familiar roles from the film Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[20] In October 2014, Jason Momoa was selected to play Arthur Curry/Aquarius, and makes his debut appearance in Dawn of Justice.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[21] [22] On January 13, 2016, The Hollywood Reporter announced Amber Heard was in negotiations for the role of Mera.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[23] In March 2016, producer Charles Roven reported that Green Lantern would not appear in Worlds of DC films until another Justice League film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[24] In addition, The Hollywood Reporter reported J. K. Simmons had been selected to play Police Chief James Gordon, [25] and Heard was confirmed to have been selected for the role of Mera.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[26] Adams also confirmed that she would reprise the role of Lois Lane in both Justice League films.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[27] In April 2016, The Hollywood Reporter reported Willem Dafoe had been chosen for a hitherto unknown role, [28] which was later revealed to be Nuidis Vulko.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[29] Despite the death of his character in Batman v Superman, Cavill confirmed that he would appear in both Justice League films.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[30] In late April, Jeremy Irons was reported to be returning to the role of Alfred Pennyworth.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[31] During the same month, Jesse Eisenberg said he would return to the role of Lex Luthor.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[32] In July, Julian Lewis Jones was cast in a hitherto unknown role.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[33] In October, Diane Lane announced that she had returned to the role of Martha Kent.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[34] In November it was announced that Kiersey Clemons, who will play Iris West in The Flash, will make a small appearance in Justice League.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[35] During the same month, it was also revealed that Ciarán Hinds would play Steppenwolf.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[36] In December Warner Bros.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

officially confirmed the returns of Lane and Eisenberg and at the same time revealed Connie Nielsen, who starred in Wonder Woman, would return to the role of Amazon Queen Hippolyta.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[37] Laurence Fishburne, who starred in previous Worlds of DC films as Perry White, said he refused to return to his role because of his schedule.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[38] In April Michael McElhatton revealed that he would be acting in the film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[39] In June Robin Wright was revealed to be returning to play Amazon-General Antiope.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[40] In September, Jones' character was revealed to be Atlantis, who was king of Atlantis thousands of years ago.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[41] Dafoe and Clemons ultimately did not appear in the theatrical version of the film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[42] Additionally, Ares appeared in a flashback scene of the film, as his actor Nick McKinless, but was digitally added to him with the face of David Thewlis.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[43] In Roles Filming In July 2015, it was revealed that filming would begin in spring 2016 following completion of filming on Wonder Woman.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[44] Filming for Justice League was reported to have begun on April 11, 2016, and will be set at Warner Bros.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Studios' premises in Leavesden, south-east England, as well as several different locations in London, Scotland and Iceland.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[45] [46] Fabian Wagner, who has been a long-time cinematographer in Snyder's films, was replaced by Fabian Wagner due to scheduling conflicts.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[46] Affleck also serves as executive producer for the film.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[47] In May 2016, it was revealed that Geoff Johns and Jon Berg would be to produce the Justice League films as well as also be responsible for the production of other Worlds of DC films following the negative reception of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[48] In June 2016, Johns confirmed the official title of the film to be Justice League.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[49] During the same month, Jeremy Irons said the story of Justice League was more straightforward and simple than the theatrical version of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[50] Johns later says the film is, compared to previous WODC films, “hopeful and optimistic”.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[51] On 1 October, Momoa confirmed via Instragram the London portion of filming had ended.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[52] On October 7, 2016, Zack Snyder reported via Twitter that filming had ended across the United Kingdom.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[53] On October 14, 2016, Momoa confirmed via Instagram that Iceland's portion of filming had ended.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[54] Post-production In May 2017, Snyder withdrew from the director position due to the death of his daughter.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Joss Whedon was hired to take care of reshoots as well as post-production of the film at Snyder's ranch.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[55] In July 2017, the film was reported to be going through reshoots in London and Los Angeles, with Warner Bros. spending $25 million on them (more than the general 6—10 million).


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[56] The timing of these coincided with the filming of Mission: Impossible — Fallout, when he had grown himself a moustache that was contracted to be kept throughout filming, so the Justice League's VFX team decided to remove the mustache afterwards with digital with special effects.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[57] Warner Bros.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

later disclosed that Whedon would receive some of the credit for the script as a result of the changes he made.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[58] Music In March 2016, Hans Zimmer, who composed the music for the films Man of Steel and Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, officially announced his withdrawal from superhero films.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[59] In June 2016, he was replaced by Junkie XL, who also co-wrote and composed part of Dawn of Justice's soundtrack with Zimmer.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[60] In June, it was announced that Junkie XL would be replaced as the new composer by Danny Elfman, who has previously composed the 1989 Batman film and the return of Batman — as well as the opening theme song for the 90s Batman animated series.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[61] The publication Justice League premiered in Beijing on October 26, 2017.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[62] It reached cinemas in Finland on 15 November and in the United States on 17 November 2017.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[63] Reviews Sequel The premiere of the unnamed sequel was originally planned for June 14, 2019.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[13] But the premiere was later rescheduled to accommodate The Batman to the release schedule.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

[66] Sources On the topic elsewhere Please use a more specific IMDb template.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

See the documentation for available templates.


Question: What was Zack Snyder's first film?

Justice League (film)

Category:American films of 2017 Category:Films directed by Zack Snyder Category:Worlds of DC Category:3D Films Category:IMAX Films


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The Islamic Republic of Iran or Iran () is a state in the Middle East with Tehran as its capital.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It is bordered on the north by Armenia, Azerbaijan and the Caspian Sea, on the north northeast by Turkmenistan, on the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, on the south by the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea, and on the west by Iraq and Turkey.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Until 1935, the official name of the country was Farsi.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[1] Its culture is among the oldest in the world.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Shiite is the state religion and Persian the official language.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

With a population of more than 80 million, the majority are Persians, with the largest minorities being Azeris, Kurds and Lurs.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[2] Iranian soil is unstable and prone to earthquakes.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Oil and natural gas are found in thick layers of sediment.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The country's economy is based first and foremost on oil resources.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Name Persian-speaking Iranians since the Sassanid period have referred to the country as Iran, meaning “kingdom of the Aryans”, while in the West the Persian designation inherited from the Greeks has been used.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In 1935, Shah Reza Pahlavi called for the international community to use the Iranian name.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[3] His son Muhammad Reza Pahlavi allowed 1959 the use of both Persian and Iranian names.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Iran is an established form when talking about modern Iran, but historical Iran is often still referred to as Farsi.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Since the 1979 Islamic Revolution, the country's full name has been the Islamic Republic of Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Geography The Iranian landscape is dominated by goofy mountain ranges that separate deep or tectonic plates from each other.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The western part of the country, where most of the population lives, is mountainous.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It has mountain ranges such as the Caucasus, Zagros and Alborz Mountains, the latter of which includes Iran's highest point, Mount Damavand (5604meters).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The central part of the country is a vast plain at an altitude of 300—900 m, and in its eastern part lies two salt deserts, the Big Salt Desert, or Dasht-e Kavir, and the Big Sand Desert, or Dasht-e Lut, with its salt lakes.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In many places, the mountains stretch as far as the Gulf shore, and there are only two lowland areas in the country: an extension of the Mesopotamian lowland in the south-west of the country and the lowlands of the Caspian coast.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[4] Bedrock Iranian bedrock is seismically active, with several large lines of transmission running across the country.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[5] The Zagros Mountains have arisen as the Arabian and Iranian tiles pressed against each other.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Iran and its neighbouring regions from the Alps to Indonesia are made up of micromanner slabs pressed against each other and beneath each other.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

During the Triassic, significant ore resources emerged in this region: porphyry-type copper, chromite and related ores, and lead-zinc ores.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[6] The sedimentary layer is up to 15 kilometres thick in places, with deposits from all geological periods.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Not every area that seems promising for oil or gas deposits has yet to be thoroughly explored.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[7] Nature Iranian vegetation can be divided into four main zones: [8] The coast of the Caspian Sea is a narrow strip along the southern edge of the lake.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It can be further divided into the Alborz forest steppe, where the common juniper and common juniper are the main tree species, into a mixed forest area whose species include east beech, European hornbeam, ironwood, European yew, mountain elm, tar alder, pomegranate, some linden (Tilia rubra) and oak ( Quercus castanefolia), as well as the lowland desert.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[8] The Iranoturan zone is the most extensive vegetation zone.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It's a dry, cold area in winter.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It can be divided into a plateau and a mountainous region.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Maruna species and salt-tolerant plants grow on the plateau.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Many species of tamarisk grow on the outskirts of sandy desert and gravel.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In the mountains, juniper and fruit trees such as Prunus scopar, which resembles almond, as well as cucumber peas and other low plants are found.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[8] The Zargos Mountains zone covers not only the mountains but also the steppe surrounding them.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Oceanic species in the deciduous forest include oaks and pistachios.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Upland vegetation grows above the tree line.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[8] Many endemic species of Dionysia grow in the burrows of limestone sprouts at 1500—3500 m.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Many bulbous plants are also found in the mountains, such as goblet lilies, cuckoos, tulips, pearl lilies and relatives of the African star (Ornithogalum).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[9] The Khalidj-o-Omman zone spreads out from the western side of the mountains to the Gulf Coast.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Subtropical species such as Acacia, Prosopia, Ziziphus, Avicennia, Rhizophora, Populus euphatica and Prosopis stephaniana are found there.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[8] The rarest animal species in Iran is the Asian subspecies of the cheetah, which is not known with certainty to live anywhere outside Iran, and even there the population is small.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[10] The Asian lion population that lived in the area has been withered and the caspian-tiger has become extinct.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Still, about 160 species of mammals, 516 wild bird species and about ten thousand species of plants still live in the country.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[11] Caspian caviar-producing palate sturgeon is critically endangered, and Iran plants 24 million moss in the Caspian Sea each year to sustain the population.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[12] Desertification and the consequent indirect spread of farming into new areas pose a threat to biodiversity.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[13] Climate Due to the diversity of Iranian terrain, different parts of the country have different climates.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

On the northern edge of the country, on the Caspian coastal plain, temperatures will drop below the zero limit and remain humid for the rest of the year.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Summer temperatures rarely exceed 29°C.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Annual rainfall is 680mm on the eastern side of the plateau and over 1700mm on the western side of the plateau.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Further west, residential centers at the base of the Zagros Mountains are experiencing colder temperatures.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

These areas have severe winters where temperatures go to freezing and snow falls a lot.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The eastern and central foothills of the mountains are dry with areas receiving less than 200mm of rain and deserting every now and then.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Average summer temperatures exceed 38°C.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Based on satellite imagery, the Big Sand Desert in the Southeast is one of the hottest places in the world during summer days.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The coastal plains of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman in southern Iran experience mild winters and very humid and hot summers.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Precipitation remains below 300 millimetres.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[14] History Early History Iran's high culture is among the oldest in the world.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The written history begins with the writings of the Elamites around 3000 BCE.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The Aryans who invaded the country imported the preforms of most of Iran's modern languages.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

After the Median Empire, the Asemenids, under the leadership of Cyrus II the Great, formed the Persian Empire in 546 BCE.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Alexander the Great conquered Persia in 331 BCE, but it soon continued as a Seleucid dynasty, followed by the Parthian and Sassanid kingdoms.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[15] Middle Ages and the beginning of a new age The Middle Ages set many important events for Iranian history, such as the Islamic conquest, the arrival of Turkic peoples in the region, the devastating invasion of the Mongol Empire that began in the 1220s, the conquest of Timur Lenk and the coming of Shiite rule as state religion during the Safavids period 1501—1722.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[16] In the new age, Persia became the battleground of rival colonial empires such as Russia and the United Kingdom.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The modernization of the 19th century led to the Persian Constitutional Revolution of 1905/1911.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[17] [18] Pahlavi reign After the Constitutional Revolution, Reza Pahlavi seized power from the Qajar dynasty in 1921.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[3] Shaahi Reza Pahlavi made plans for industrial development, railway construction and national education system.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

However, his autocratic way of governing caused opposition.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

During World War II, the Allies occupying the country forced the Shah to hand over power to his son Muhammad Reza Pahlavi, who it was hoped would be more cooperative.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[19] In 1953, due to the nationalization of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadeq was plunged from power with the help of British and American intelligence services.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The purpose was to protect the countries” oil interests.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

After the coup, the monarchy was restored and power passed back to Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

His autocratic rule eventually led to the Islamic Revolution of 1979, led by the exiled Ayatollah Khomeini.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[3] Islamic Republic The new theocratic political system implemented conservative Islamic reforms and unprecedented direct influence of the clergy.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It reinforced Iran's anti-Western tendency, partly due to the West's support for the Shah as well as Iraq during the Iraq—Iranian War.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Iran's U.S. relations were particularly hampered by the 1979 imprisonment of U.S. legation workers, Iran's attempt to spread the Islamic Revolution, and later support for organizations such as Hezbollah.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[20] In 1980, Iraq invaded Iran weakened by the revolution and the devastating Iraq—Iran war continued into 1988.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The struggle between reformists and conservatives continues today through elected politicians, whose power is severely limited by the clergy.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Conservative Mahmud Ahmadinedžad was elected president in 2005.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[3] Iran announced in 2005 that it would resume uranium enrichment, which it had suspended in 2003 at the request of the IAEA.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The IAEA and the UN said Iran was in breach of the regulations and threatened it with penalties.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The United States enforced the penalties in 2007, when the IAEA assessed Iran as capable of developing a nuclear weapon in three to eight years if it wished.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[3] In June 2009, riots erupted in the country when the opposition claimed that the old people had rigged an election result in which Ahmadinedžad, backed by the old people, won the election.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The government responded with protests with fierce violence by security forces and Revolutionary Guards.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In January 2010, two men who had been convicted of these unrest were executed.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[3] Amid US-imposed sanctions, China offered Iran a $10 billion credit line.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[21] Iran and Russia also secured a negotiated $2.5 billion contract for train cars.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[22] Politics and society in Western media Iran's political factions are often divided into conservatives and liberals.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The Conservatives are loyal to the tradition of the Islamic Revolution and divided into two parties and coalitions: the United Front on Principle (UPF) and the Broad Front of Principles (BPF).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The Left or Reformists (Eslah-Talaban) are similarly in two parties: the National Trust and the People's Coalition for Reforms (PCR) and the Coalition of Reformists.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[23] [24] Iran adheres to strict Islamic Sharia law, according to interpretations made on which sentences are decided.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[25] Šaria forbids drinking alcohol, for example.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[26] This may be sentenced to the death sentence, but at least to caning if the accused shows remorse.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[25] State leadership Supreme religious leader and de facto head of state (velayat-e faqih,, since 1989 Ali Khamenei) plays a vital role in Iran's administrative structure.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

According to the constitution, a religious leader is responsible for “general oversight of the policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran.”


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The religious leader is commander-in-chief of the armed forces and controls Iran's espionage and security operations; he alone can declare war.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

He is empowered to appoint and dismiss half of the members of the Council of Supervisors, the Director of the Judiciary, the Director of Broadcasting and the Chief of Staff and Commander of the Armed Forces, and the Commander of the Revolutionary Guards (Pasdaran or IRGC).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[27] The Supreme Religious Leader is elected by the Council of Experts Madžles-e-Khobrega, consisting of 86 mudžtahids.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Its members are elected by direct popular election for eight-year terms.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The suitability of candidates is accepted as well as for parliamentary elections.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The President of the Council is Akbar Hašemi Rafsandžani since September 2007.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[28] The President of Iran is responsible for implementing the Constitution and acting as the head of the Administration on matters other than those belonging to the Office of the Religious Leader.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The same president can govern for a maximum of two consecutive terms and an additional third term, but not after the previous ones.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Since 2013 the post has been held by Hassan Rouhani.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] He was re-elected in May 2017 [30].


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Parliament and Supervisors' Council Iran's unicameral parliament, the Islamic Consultative Assembly or Madžles-e Šura-je Eslami, consists of 290 members who are voted in for a four-year term.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Five seats are reserved for minorities: two for Armenian Christians, one seat for Jews and Zarathustrans, and one shared seat for Assyrians and Chaldean Catholics also.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[31] Madžles is the legislative body that also establishes the budget and international agreements.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It can also dismiss ministers by vote of no confidence or impeach the president from office.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

However, Madžles' decisions required the confirmation of a council of overseers as well as a religious leader.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

A parliamentary candidacy is subject to an age of 26—75 years and a university degree.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In addition, the candidate must be faithful to the Constitution and committed to the observance of the laws, which is decided by the Council of Supervisors.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Of the approximately 7600 who stood as candidates in the 2008 election, 1700 were disqualified.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[32] The voting age is 18.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] The Council of Supervisors is a type of constitutional court consisting of six Islamic law experts appointed by a religious leader and six lawyers chosen by Madžles, to which position the nomination is placed by the head of the judiciary, [33] who is appointed by the religious leader.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It is up to the Council of Supervisors to oversee elections and audit laws already passed by Parliament.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The opposition Iranian Opposition Movement operates abroad.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The last Shah's time prime minister, Shapour Bakhtiar, founded the monarchist Namir Party in Paris, which seeks the restoration of the 1906 constitution.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

NAMIR also cooperated with Ali Amin's Front for the Liberation of Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Manuchehr Ganji, a former court member, also ran his own organisation.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[34] The republican Iranian Kurdish Democratic Party has been fighting Iran since 1979, although its forces were expelled from Iran's Kordestān as early as 1986.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[34] The Communist Party of Iran, Tudeh was forcibly dissolved in 1983, but was later re-established in East Germany.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Members of another banned party, Fadayan mainly joined the forces of the new Tudeh following the party's involvement in the mujahedin rebellion.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The Kurdish Communist Party Komala fought against the government until 1985.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[34] The National Council of Resistance of Iran was founded in France in 1981 and is considered the façade of the People's Mujahedin.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The people's mujahedin was formed in 1965 to fight the Shah, but was crushed by the government for the most part in 1975.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In the summer of 1981, the Kansan mujahedin rose in revolt against the Islamic Republic, but lost, and its leaders fled the country.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In 1986, France expelled the organization, which moved its headquarters to Baghdad and, backed by Saddam Hussein, fought Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[34] According to the United States, several countries, but not the EU, consider it a terrorist organisation.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[35] Another movement against Iran is the Green Wave (Green Wave) movement led by British-based Amir Jahanchah.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Iranian diplomats have resigned from service, including Hossein Alizadeh, who served as the embassy's second-in-command in Finland.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[36] Earlier in January 2010, an Iranian consulate clerk in Oslo was granted asylum in Norway.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[37] In conjunction with the 2009 presidential election, a movement called the Green Movement emerged, which took its name from its emblem green.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[38] Iran's energy policy and nuclear program central to Iran's energy policy are large oil reserves.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and the UAE produced a quarter of the world's oil in 2005.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[39] Oil was discovered in Iran in 1908.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Britain secured a share majority in the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It later emerged BP.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In Iran's history, management of oil resources has been a major issue.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Oil producing countries founded the oil cartel OPEC in the 1960s.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The International Atomic Energy Agency, the IAEA, suspects that Iran has more nuclear facilities than known.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[40] Iran has sought to start energy production with nuclear power to conserve tilting oil.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The nuclear program began as early as the 1950s during the Shah with U.S. support in the Atoms for Peace program.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

By 2000, 23 power units were planned to be built.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Contracts for the first two units were awarded to West Germans Siemens AG and AEG Telefunken.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[41] Iran also invested in the Eurodif company building a uranium enrichment plant.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[42] After the Islamic Revolution, Iran was prevented from obtaining uranium and the Germans left the construction of the facilities unfinished.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In April 2006, Iran announced that it had begun enriching uranium on its own.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[3] In 1995, Iran concluded an agreement with Russia to complete the construction of the partially finished Bušehr facility.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Loading fuel into the plant began in October 2010.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[43] The Stuxnet malware was found during the construction phase of the Bušehr facility.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It has been speculated that Stuxnet was designed specifically to slow or impede the implementation of Iran's nuclear program.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[44] Iran's nuclear program has created friction in the country's international relations.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The U.N. Security Council demands a permanent halt to uranium processing and enrichment from Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

A U.S. representative has accused Iran of pursuing a nuclear weapon.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Iran says the attempt to ban uranium enrichment for peaceful purposes violates the norms of international law, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and IAEA regulations.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[45] However, the consensus among US intelligence services is that Iran has not had a project to develop nuclear weapons, at least since 2003.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[46] IAEA reports have cited concerns about the military dimension of Iran's enrichment program.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Israel, on the other hand, views Iran as a threat to its existence.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The United States and European Union have imposed tough 2012 sanctions on Iran's oil and banking sectors.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[47] Previously, George W. Bush read Iran as a state belonging to the 'axis of evil'.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

According to newspaper records, the Bush administration was making plans for a military strike against Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[48] Israel has also been reported to be planning or planning a strike to slow down Iran's nuclear programme.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[49] [50] Allegations about Iran's nuclear program have been compared to the Bush administration's accusations of Saddam Hussein's weapons of mass destruction used as the reason for the 2003 invasion of Iraq.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[46] Human Rights Iran has been known to have executed minors, despite being a signatory to the Treaty on the Rights of the Child.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In 2008, Iran pledged to end the practice.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[51] International criticism was sparked by the case of Atefah Sahaaleh in 2004.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

At the age of 16, he was publicly hanged for sex outside marriage.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Delara Darabi, also known as an artist, was sentenced to death for a murder committed at the age of 17.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

She initially confessed to the act, but did it apparently to shield her 19-year-old boyfriend from execution because she believed herself, as a minor, that she would escape the death sentence.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[52] In Iran, people can be tried for adultery to be stoned to death.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[53] In the 21st century, the authorities say that these judgments are rarely carried out.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

According to Amnesty, there were at least six who were stoned between 2006 and 2010.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[54] Foreign relations and military Iran's foreign relations are based on two supporting bases: minimizing external influence in the region and comprehensive diplomatic relations with emerging and non-attached countries.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Iran maintains diplomatic relations with almost all UN member countries, excluding Israel and the United States (with which relations were severed in connection with the Iranian Revolution).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[55] [56] Iran has two types of armed forces: the conventional army, which includes the Iranian Land Forces, Air Force and Navy, and the Iranian Revolutionary Guard.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Conscription lasts 18 months.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] With the embargoes following the Iranian Revolution, the country has widely developed its own defense industry.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Iran itself manufactures tanks, armored personnel carriers, missiles and missile systems, submarines, military ships, military helicopters and fighter jets.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[57] Territorial division Iran consists of 31 provinces (ostan-haa, unit I buy).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In 2010, Ālborz was separated from the province of Tehran to become its own province.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[58] [59] Alborz Ardabil Boyer Ahmadi and Kohiluyeh Bušehr Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari Esfahan South Khorasan Fars Gilan Golestan Hamadān Hormozgan Ilam East Azerbaijan Kerman Kermanšah Khuzestan Kordestan Lorestan West Azerbaijan Markazi Mazandaran North Khorasan Qazvin Qom Razavi Khorasan Semnan Sistan and Balutšistan Tehran Zanjan Yazd Iranian islands are mostly part of Hormozgān Province.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Economy Iran's economic system is a mixture of central planning, state ownership of oil and large corporations, village agriculture and small-scale private exchange economy and service enterprises.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The current administration has continued the previous administration's market reform and demonstrated a drive to diversify Iran's oil-dependent economy.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[60] Diversification includes automotive manufacturing, aerospace, consumer electronics, weapons industry, petrochemical and nuclear technology.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Automakers Iran Khodro and SAIPA manufacture their own and foreign brands under license.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[61] Iran also hopes to attract billions in foreign investment by creating a favourable investment climate that includes reduced constraints and tariffs and free trade zones such as Chabahar and Kiš Island.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[62] Modern Iran has a strong middle class and a growing economy, but high inflation and unemployment are problems.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Because of unemployment, many educated young people are leaving the country, and Iran is suffering a brain drain.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[63] Iran is a founding member of OPEC.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In 2012, Iran was the second largest oil producer in OPEC and the fifth largest oil producer in the world (Russia, China, the United States are not part of OPEC) and had the third largest known oil reserves (after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It holds more than 10% of the world's displayed oil reserves.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It also holds the second largest natural gas reserves in the world after Russia.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[64] Iran's exports are to Asia: China, Japan, India, South Korea and Turkey.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Imports are from the UAE, China, Germany, South Korea, Italy, Russia and India.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The country's most significant natural resources are oil, natural gas, coal, chromium, iron ore, copper, lead, manganese and sulfur.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The most significant export product is oil, which accounts for 80 per cent of the value of exports.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Other export products include other petrochemical and chemical products, fruit and nuts, and carpets.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] Traffic in Iran is 319 aerodromes, of which 133 runways are paved and 42 have a runway over three kilometers.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] Tehran has two airports, with flights to the old Mehrabad Field from neighbouring and domestic countries, while Imam Khomeini International Airport, completed in 2004, is the hub of international transport in the country.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Širaz Airport is also popular for use by foreign tourists, as are Esfahan, Bandar Abbas and Kiš.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[65] Iran has had good road links since the days of the Silk Road.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[65] Today there are 125908 kilometres of paved roads in the country, which includes approximately 1400 km of motorway.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

There are 8442 kilometres of railways.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] Turkey's weekly train service from Istanbul to Tehran is called Trans-Asia Express.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

There are plans to open a train connection to Azerbaijan.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[65] Port cities include Assaluyeh, Bandar Abbas and Bandar-e-Eman Khomeyni.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] Population Ethnologue: Languages of the World from 2013 lists 75 living languages used in Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Data on the number of speakers of different languages are from different years.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[66] Major languages of Iran [66] namespeakers yearAzeri15.5 ml.2010Bakhtiari1 ml.2001 southwestern subbelutši856,0001986 is divided into South and West Belutšiindomari1.34 million. 2000RomaniKelifarsi45 MILLI2011Gilaki3.27 ml.1993In the Gila RegionKashkai1,5 million1993in the provinces of Farsi and Kohiluyeh and Buyer Ahmadi Kurdish6.6 million2000three dialects total1 ml.2000 in the western part of the country1 ml.2000 On the shores of the PianTurkmeeni2 million. 1997In the surrounding area of Turkmenistan, more than two-thirds of the Iranian population speak some Iranian language.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The largest Iranian groups are Persians (50-60% of the population), Kurds (about 10per cent), Gilaks and Mazandarans (10per cent), Lurs (2per cent) and Beluchis (2per cent).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Minorities of Turkic ancestry include the Azeris (ca.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

20%) and Turkmen (2percent).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] Other ethnic minorities include Arabs (1%), Armenians, Assyrians and Jews.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Only Farsi written in Arabic letters is the official language.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[67] Islam is the official state religion — its more popular branch is Shiite which includes 90-95% of Iranians (2011).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Between 5 and 10 percent is spent on Sunni Muslims, [29] who are the majority in most other Muslim countries.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Officially recognized minority religions include Judaism, Christianity, and Zarathustranism.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In addition, there are adherents of other religions, such as Baha'ism originating from Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[63] In Iran, freedom of religion is guaranteed by the constitution, but minority religions are severely restricted and their members are victims of persecution, imprisonment and even torture.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Each year, an organisation called Open Doors lists countries according to how poorly Christian religious freedom is implemented in them and the degree of persecution of Christians in them.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It also examines whether Christians have been jailed, detained or killed for their faith.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In the 2014 list, Iran was the ninth worst-persecuting country of Christians.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[68] Practitioners of the Bahai faith are also persecuted.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[69] There are few people in Iran who have been diagnosed with HIV or AIDS.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In 2012, HIV-positive adults were estimated at 70800, or 0.2% of adults.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[29] Only a small proportion of people who need antiretroviral therapy.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[70] Culture Iranian culture is one of the world's longest-surviving civilizations.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Over the years, there have been still new invaders, but instead of eradicating Iranian culture, the conquistadors themselves have Iranianised themselves.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[71] The most important of Iran's annual celebrations is the New Year, Nowrūz, celebrated at the time of the vernal equinox to mark the onset of spring.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It has been celebrated for at least three thousand years, according to legend, since the end of the Ice Age.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

On New Year's Day, soldiers get their promotions, prisoners are pardoned and nature is cleaned up with talcs.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[72] Much of Iran is wilderness, and perhaps that is why gardens, flowers and fruits are important subjects depicted in carpets as well as literature and poetry.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[71] In an Iranian home, only the use of the kitchen and bathroom remains the same.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Other rooms are dining rooms, living rooms or bedrooms as needed.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Chairs were not part of the interior before the 19th century, and still sitting on soft carpets is often considered more cosy.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The multifunctionality of the rooms is important, as hospitality requires overnight guests to be accommodated at short notice, and relatives and their friends can come for a shorter or longer stay at any time.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[71] The Iranian nuclear family is defined by the size of the dinner table.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Often different branches of the same genus live in the same building or yard, but not everyone still eats together.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Adult children may also live with their parents after getting married for at least some time.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Since marriage binds families tightly together, it is important that in addition to the engaged couple themselves, the in-laws get along well with each other.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Arrangement of marriage is first and foremost the task of future mothers-in-law.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Polygamy is allowed, but not very common.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[71] The UNESCO World Heritage List lists twenty cultural sites from Iran.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Armenian monasteries (Taddeus Monastery, Stefanos Monastery and Dzordzor Chapel), Bam Cultural Environment, Behistun, Esfahan Friday Mosque, Golestan Palace, Gonbad-e Qabus, Meidan Emam, Meymand Cultural Landscape, Pasargadae, Persepolis, Sheikh Safi ad-in khanqah and Mausoleum, Shahr-i-Sokhta, Band-e Kaisar, Soltaniyeh, Susa, Tabriz Bazaar, Takht-i Suleiman and Chogha Zanbil.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[73] Iranian cuisine is based on fruits and vegetables.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Meat, usually mutton, is a side dish.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Carbohydrates are obtained from rice and bread.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Sweet chunks are eaten more often in the afternoon with tea than with dessert — the meal is preferred to finish with fresh fruit.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Different regions of Iran have their own typical sweets, which are exported as fireplaces and offered to guests.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

These include nougat gaz flavoured with rose water and a neck-like sohan made from saffron, butter and pistachios.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In Islamic Iran, alcohol consumption is prohibited in principle but still common.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Jews, Armenians and Zarahustrans make local wine, and moonshine is made in almost every village.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[71] Persian, hand-knotted rugs are an important part of Iranian cultural tradition, as well as still a major export product.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The finest rugs have hundreds of knots per square inch and take years to manufacture.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The motifs of carpets are centuries old, but weavers develop, modify and combine them freely.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[71] Treasures of Persian visual art include miniature paintings, which were used to illustrate poetry and classical stories.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Another manifestation of visual art is calligraphy.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Modern Iranian visual artists often use elements of both in their work.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[71] The Iranian state has banned the mullet and seeks to promote Islamic hairstyles.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[74] [75] Literature and Film Persian literature begins with sacred texts of Zarahustranism and writings from the early Parthian and Sassanid reigns known only through secondary sources.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

After the Arab Conquest in the 6th century, Arabic became the predominant language of literature.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

The Persian language returned to literature in the 8th century, and in the following centuries classical Persian literature flourished.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[76] In the Western world, the most famous Persian poet of that time is undoubtedly Omar Khaijam (1050—1123).


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

In Persia, he was known first and foremost as a naturalist.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[77] In the 20th century, the struggle for independence and Western influences made poetry more straightforward, and political and social themes became more common.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Recognized writers of the 20th century include Ali-Mohammad Afghani and Jamal Mir-Saadeghi.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[76] Iranian films are well known, Iran has received 300 international film awards in the last twenty-five years.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Perhaps the most famous director is Abbas Kiarostami.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[78] Media Press freedom in Iran has been relatively high since the period of Khatami's rule.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

However, the Conservatives are seeking to tighten control of the press.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

About 20 nationwide newspapers appear in the country every day, but few Iranians read the paper every day.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Instead, TV is watched daily by 80% of Iranians.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

State broadcaster IRIS broadcasts the programme on four channels.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Monitoring foreign channels on your own satellite platform is prohibited in principle, but quite popular in practice, and the authorities often turn a blind eye to it.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[79] Iran's Islamic regime apparatus decided in October 2006 to fight Western influences by banning high-speed internet access.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Providers have been told to limit data speeds to a maximum speed of 128kbps.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[80] Iranian MPs, academics and service providers condemn the government's order.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

Sports Iran has participated in the Olympic Games for the first time in 1900 and since 1948 quite regularly.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

It has typically had a few people at the Winter Olympics and a team of 20—50 people at the Summer Olympics.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[81] In February 2016, Iran national football team was ranked 44th in the FIFA rankings.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[82] The country's basketball team won the Asian Championships in 2007 and 2009.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

With the Asian Championship, the country made it to the world championships in the sport for the first time in 2010.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

[83] See also Iranian date Iranian philosophy Iranian-Saudi relations Iranian oil exchange Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Green Mountain, Marita & Schreiberhuber, Hermine| title= Iran, land in the shadow of the mullah in the name of Allah| location = in Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 1989| id = ISBN 951-1-10387-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Alavi, Nasrin| title = We are Iran| location = Helsinki| publisher = Key| year = 2007| version = English Translation: Sari Kumpulainen.


Question: What is Iran's acreage?

Iran

- Translated from the English-language institution We are Iran: The Persian blogs, 2005.| id = ISBN 978-952-5524-36-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Liimatainen, Alice | title = Iran: Veil and Challenge: Attempt to understand Iranian society| location = Helsinki| publisher = Like: Finnish peace defenders | year = 2009| version = Vertical earbook| id = ISBN 978-952-01-0231-9}} Sources On the topic elsewhere Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Category:Key articles of screening Category:42 Asia


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Republic of India or India, officially called Bharat, Republic of India [1] is a federal state in South Asia.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India is the seventh largest country in the world by area and the second largest in the world by population.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Neighboring countries of India include Bangladesh, Myanmar (Burma), China, Bhutan, Nepal and Pakistan.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The capital of India is New Delhi, other important cities include Delhi, Calcutta, Mumbai (ex.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Bombay) and Chennai (ex.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Madras).


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India has 29 states and seven other regions to be assimilated to them.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[2] Hundreds of languages are spoken in India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

There are 16 official languages in India, of which Hindi and English are the most commonly used.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[3] Following the end of British rule, Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan gained independence in 1947.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In 1971, Bangladesh broke away from Pakistan.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India is a nuclear weapons state.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India has been waging wars against Pakistan.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

By geography and nature India can be divided into three geological regions: the Himalayan Mountains, the Indo-Ganges Plateau, and the Indian subcontinent.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[4] Seven major rivers flow in India: Ganges, Brahmaputra, Yamuna, Godavari, Kaveri, Narmada and Krishna.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In addition, the Indus flows for some distance on the Indian side on its journey from Tibet to Pakistan.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[5] The state also includes three island groups: Lakkadives, Andamans and Nicobars, and Sunderbans.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[6] The highest point on Earth is Kanchenjunga at 8598 metres.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[3] India extends in a north-south direction from latitude 8 to latitude 33, accommodating a wide range of climatic zones in between.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the mountains of the Himalayas there is snow and ice all year round, along the coast a tropical climate prevails.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the north-west of the country there is desert, in the north-east there are fertile rice fields.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Asian monsoon affects almost all of India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The southwest monsoon brings rains to the south of the country in early June and they advance north within six weeks.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The intensity of rainfall varies from year to year: sometimes there are downpours, in other years the rains remain scarce.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The rainy season continues through October.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

December to February is dry and cool, March to May hot and dry.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[7] India has a diverse climate and has a larger plant variety than any other country, with at least 45000 species.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Among them there are more than three thousand species, the use of which as a medicinal plant and herbal remedy has been documented.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[8] 33% of plants in India are endemic.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India is home to many extremely endangered animals, including the sumatrans rhino, pygmy pig, and malabarin silvery cat.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In total, 316 mammal species live in the country, 44 of which are endemic.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[9] The national animal of India is the Indian tiger, [10] and the national bird peacock.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[11] Indian tiger is found almost throughout the country, except for the north-west.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Twenty-three protected areas have been established to protect it, with a total area of 33406 square kilometres.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[10] There are 28 sites from India on the UNESCO World Heritage List.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

There are five natural sites: Kaziranga National Park, Keoladeo National Park, Manas Nature Reserve, Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Park, and Sundarbans National Park.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Cultural sites include Agra Fort, Ajanta Caverns, Bhimbetka Rock Shelters, Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Chola Living Temples, Elephanta Caves, Ellora Caves, Churches and Monasteries in Goa, Hampi Monuments, Humayun Tomb in Delhi, Indian mountain railways, Jantar Mantar, Khajuraho monuments, Konarak sun temple, Mahabodhi temple complex in Bodh Gaya, Mamallapuram monuments, Mogul city Fatehpur Sikri, Pattadakal monuments, Red Fort, Qutab Minar with monuments in Delhi, Sanchi Buddhists monuments, as well as the Taj Mahal.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[12] History Prehistory Inaccurate dates suggest that modern man's predecessor, upright humans could have lived in India about 500000 — 200000 years ago [13] Modern man probably arrived 60,000 — 50,000 years ago, and small microblades began to be used around 30000 — 20,000 years ago.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Stone Age rock shelters with paintings in Bhimbetka in the state of Madhya Pradesh are the earliest known signs of human life in the region of present-day India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[14] Early animal husbandry and farming, the Mehrgarh culture spread to surrounding areas from the west to 7000 BCE, and Neolithic cultures developed in Pakistan and westernmost India by 6000 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Around the Indus Valley.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

This farming tradition, based on large villages, did not spread to southern India until 2800 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Around 4000 BCE arose in the surrounding areas of the Indus Valley.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

large fortified villages, which foreshadowed the birth of civilization.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Bronze began to be modified around 3300 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[15] Early Indian Civilizations According to the checkered formula, the Indus culture that built cities rose in Pakistan and the Punjab of northwestern India around 2600 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

No written sources have survived on the history of the culture, and inscriptions engraved on thousands of seals cannot be deciphered for sure.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

This civilization laid the groundwork for the later Indian civilization.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Many reasons have been given for the destruction of the Indus culture, including repeated flooding, rising soil salinity, and desertification.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[16] Foreign conquerors, Indo-Iranian Aryans arrived in India probably in many waves around 1900—1300 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

from when the Kalmisto H culture prevailed in Punjab, where the deceased were cremated in the Indo-European way unlike before.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Aryans destroyed some of the original civilization, but absorbed some of it for themselves and brought their own influences to India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

According to tradition, the Aryan tribes fought among themselves, against other immigrants and the original inhabitants of the country.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Gradually they settled in place, began cultivating the land and forming more permanent social structures.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[17] The foundation of the current culture of India emerged in the long Vedic period around 1800—500 BCE, when India was fragmented and the epics Rigveda and Veda were born.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Rigvedic narratives are most likely related to the spread of Aryans of the so-called Kalmisto H culture in northwestern India from the 20th century BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

from.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The events of the Rigveda are believed to have ended in 1000 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

by.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Aryans were nomads in the beginning, but as time passed they became farmers living in villages.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[18] For a long time there was no state-like society.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Aryan society was divided into many classes, namely caste.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

According to one notion, the last wave of Indo-Iranian migration would not have been until 1300 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[19] No later than 1200—1100 BC.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

appeared on the Ganges plateau in black and red pottery and were written Vedic texts.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The pottery finds are dated to approximately the reign of the Kuruje Kingdom.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[20] In the following period of Painted Grey Pottery, the focus shifted to Panchala along the Ganges.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[21] India was fragmented during the period 700—300 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[22] Around 550 BC.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

powerful mahajanapadas, princes each ruled their own part of the land.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the 4th century, powerful city-states included Kash viz Varanasi, Ayodhya, Shravasti.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Siddharta Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, or Buddha, lived 557—477 BCE.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

500—300 BC.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Maurya dynasty first united India as a great power, whose most famous king was Ašoka.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Greek influence extended to the country after Alexander the Great's expedition of conquest, though Alexander did not succeed in taking India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Since then, the superpower weakened and disintegrated.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Smaller kingdoms emerged.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Of these, 320—467 divide the Gupta kingdom.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

is considered to be the heyday of classical India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Back then Buddhism was prevalent, but Hinduism the state religion.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The arts and sciences flourished.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Gupta kingdom disintegrated with Huns invasion and internal strife in the early 5th century.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Arabs invaded India in the 7th century, after which many other Muslim peoples were invaded over the centuries.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the 7th century, the Pala Empire rose.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Northwest India began to show Muslim encroachment into the country sometime between 1000—1100 share.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In 1193, the Islamists who invaded the country established the Delhi Sultanate.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

By the 15th century, largely Islamic-dominated India was fragmented.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

There was a violent change of power in Delhi: more than half of the sultans ended their reign as victims of assassination.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[23] The Great Mogul Empire and period of colonial rule Part of India became part of the Great Mogul Empire from 1526—1707.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The strongest of the grand moguls rulers was Akbar, who tolerated various religions.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[24] At the same time as the Grand Moguls, much of the country was ruled by the Maratha state from 1674 to 1818, which held control over most of India around 1750.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The victorious war expedition of the Afghans in 1761 brought about the dissolution of the Maratha state.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[25] In the 18th century India was fragmented.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the late 15th century, Vasco da Gama discovered a sea road to India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the 16th century, Europeans began to establish settlements along the coast of the country.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

They eventually began fighting among themselves for Indian ownership.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the Great Colonial War of 1753—1763, England defeated France and by 1853 conquered all of India [22] except for a few small coastal areas that were still under French or Portuguese control.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

British India was controlled by the British East Indies Trading Company.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[26] In the 19th century, the Great Sepoy Rebellion of 1857—1858 occurred in India, which was brutally defeated by the English.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Subsequently, control was transferred from the trading company to the British government, which began to control most of India directly.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India also continued to have self-governing territories ruled by local princes, but these too were all subject to British supremacy.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[27] Although India was not an independent state, in 1876 it was declared an empire, and Queen Victoria became its empress.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

After him, the kings of Great Britain were similarly emperors of India until 1947.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India was granted self-governing rights, but still no colonial grandfathers in India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The independence movement grimmed into the country starting in the mid-19th century.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[28] Independent India Gaining independence and Pakistan's distinction India became independent in 1947 after World War II, having been before that the main colony of the United Kingdom.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The independence pact involved the partition of India into two states: Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

A brief civil war took place between the new states.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the unrest that accompanied India's independence, millions of people left their homes.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India and Pakistan have fought a couple of wars since independence over ownership of Kashmir, and relations between the two countries were long strained.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In 2003, a ceasefire in Kashmir was agreed and the air link between the two countries was reopened.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[29] Nehru's time as India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru pursued socialism and moved closer to the Soviet Union.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[30] In 1962, India warred with China over the territories of India's eastern border.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India started the war, but China did well in the month-long war and the war stopped with a Chinese-imposed ceasefire.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The border of the countries is still partly disputed.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[31] After Nehru's death in 1964, Lal Bahadur Shastri ascended to the leadership, and later upon Shastri's death in 1966, Nehru's only child, Indira Gandhi.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[32] Indira Gandhi's troubled reign India's population exceeded 500 million in the 1970s.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

There was war with Pakistan between 1965 and 1971.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the 1971 war, the eastern part of Pakistan became an independent Bangladesh in a short war in which India supported East Pakistan militarily.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Due to the war, both India and Pakistan began secret nuclear weapons programs in 1972.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India's nuclear weapons program was ordered by top Indira Gandhi, and a plutonium bomb was detonated underground by a smiling Buddha, under the title of a peaceful nuclear test, in 1974 in the Pokhran district of the Thar desert.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[33] Between 1975 and 1977 martial law was declared in India as protests opposed to Indira Gandhi's corruption spread across the country.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The protests were silenced by the force of emergency laws and the military, but Gandhi suffered defeat in the next election.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[34] Morarji Desai rose to become Prime Minister and initiated an investigation into Gandhi's crimes.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Charan Singh became the next Prime Minister.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Singh had been running for the seat for a long time, but due to his age and inefficiency, new elections were decided to be held as early as 1980.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[35] Indira Gandhi and her Congress party returned to power in the 1980s.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

There were rebel groups in Punjab.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The army carried out a massacre at the Golden Temple of Amritsar, which caused the Sikhs of India to revolt across India and Gandhi was assassinated.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Gandhi's eldest son, Rajiv Gandhi, continued as prime minister and paved the way for a transition to capitalism.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

He also sent soldiers to Sri Lanka as peacekeepers, but eventually Indian forces fought the Tamil Tigers themselves.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

He was kept uncommonly clean until taking bribes from Swedish companies brought him down.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In the 1989 election, Vishwanath Pratap Singh emerged as Prime Minister and Rajiv Gandhi was killed by a Tamil Tigers suicide bomber.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[36] In 1992, extremist Hindus destroyed the mosque, triggering widespread violence between Hindus and Muslims.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[29] Economic growth and tensions In 1991, the next Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao elected and his Economy Minister Manmohan Singh initiated major reforms that have made India one of the fastest growing economies in the world and increased its importance.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The economy has been privatised and opened up to the world, even though India lags well behind China.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[37] In the 1990s India was plagued by terrorism.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The country had begun in 1989 in earnest to build a strategic nuclear deterrent in secret.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In 1998, a government led by Atal Bihari Vajpayee came to power, whose most prominent element was the strongly nationalist BJP.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Vajpayee decided to declare India a nuclear power in the spring of 1998 by conducting a series of nuclear tests in the Pokhran area under the name “Operation Shakti”.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Pakistan soon responded with a series of nuclear tests of its own.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India was also developing strategic missiles, for example the mid-range Agni missile.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In 2007, the countries signed an agreement designed to lower the chance of an accidental start nuclear war.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[29] India has continued the development of space technology begun in the 2000s as early as the 1970s, sending a wide range of unmanned devices into space.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In 2007, an Indian rocket took an Italian satellite into space.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[29] In 2004, Manmohan Singh became India's first Sikh Prime Minister.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Manmohan Singh has continued to push for reforms, although many reforms have been blocked by the Socialists and Communists called for a majority.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[38] Bangalore, Hyderabad, Pune and Ahmedabad have emerged as important cities following their success in attracting foreign companies.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[39] In 2007, Pratibha Patil became the first female president of India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[29] In 2012, Pranab Mukherjee [3] was elected president and in 2017 Ram Nath Kovind.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[40] In early August 2015, India exchanged lands with Bangladesh when 111 Indian enclaves were annexed to Bangladesh and 51 Bangladeshi enclaves were annexed to India.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[41] [42] Politics Indies in particular are happy to refer to India as “the greatest democracy in the world”.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Under its constitution, it is an independent, socialist, secular and democratic republic.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[43] India is a federal state with 29 states and seven federal territories (Union territory).


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[43] The head of state of India is the President elected by the Electors for a five-year term.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The position of president is essentially ceremonial.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

He is commander-in-chief of the armed forces and can dissolve parliament, declare a state of emergency and sack state governments, but only in agreement with the prime minister.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Principal executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

He must enjoy the confidence of a majority in the lower house of parliament.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[43] The Parliament of India is bicameral.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Its upper house is the Rajya Sabha, a council of states with a maximum of 250 members, (now 245) of whom 12 are appointed by the president.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Other members are appointed by the States and Territories in relation to their population numbers.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The term of representatives is six years, with a third being re-appointed every two years.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[43] The Rajya Sabha is constantly assembled and cannot be broken up.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Vice President is the Speaker of the Rajya Sabha.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[44] The members of the lower house, or Lok Sabha (people's council), are elected by direct popular election.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The largest number of members in the Lok Sabha is 552, of which 530 represent the states and 20 the territories in terms of their populations, and two are appointed by the President to represent citizens of English origin if they do not otherwise obtain adequate representation.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[45] Some of the places are reserved for different castes and tribes.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Lok Sabha is elected every five years.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

It normally meets three times a year for a budget session from February to May, a monsoon session from July to September, and a winter session from November to December.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[46] However, there may be deviations from the order of session, for example in 2009 the Budget and Monsoon sessions were merged.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[47] The largest parties in the Lok Sabha elected in the 2014 election are the Indian People's Party (Bharatiya Janata Party, or BJP, with 282 seats) led by Rajnath Singh, the Indian Congress Party (Indian National Congress or INC, 44 seats), All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (). AIADMK, 37) and All India Trinamool Congress (AITC, 34 seats).


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The prime minister is Narendra Modi of the BJP.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[3] Foreign Policy and Armed Forces Since its independence in 1947, India has maintained relations with most countries.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

It took the lead in the 1950s in campaigns for the independence of European countries' African and Asian colonies.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India co-founded the Unattached Countries Movement in 1961.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India is an observer member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[48] It has also sought to gain a permanent seat on the UN Security Council.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[49] In 1962, an incursion of Chinese troops into the country was observed in India, leading to a brief war between the two countries, and India has viewed China with suspicion ever since.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Relations with Pakistan are problematic: in 1965 India went to war for the second time against Pakistan, the third time in December 1971 in relation to the Bangladesh War of Independence.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Smaller conflicts between the two countries have been 1984 in Slaschen, 1999 in Kargil in Kashmir and intervals between the two countries tightened to the extreme following the 2001—02 terrorist attack on the Indian Parliament on 13 December 2001.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Beginning in 1965, India began to rely increasingly on the Soviet Union against Pakistan and its ally China, leading to a deterioration in its relations with the United States.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The USSR and India entered into the 1971 Cooperation and Assistance Agreement.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India supported the Soviet Union's 1979 mission in Afghanistan, while Pakistan, with U.S. support, armed the mujahideen guerrillas.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Signs of de-escalation were seen between the two countries in 1988 when they agreed not to attack each other's nuclear facilities.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India-U.S. relations have improved recently.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

On March 2, 2006, the United States agreed to sell uranium to India, even though it is not a member of the NPT.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[50] India has refused to join the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and the NPT despite pressure.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

It conducted its first nuclear test on the “Smiling Buddha” on 18 May 1974.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Another series of trials (“Shakti” or Pokhran-II) in May 1998 resulted in an international boycott and arms embargo.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[29] The Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces is the country's president.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The ground forces consist of more than 1.4 million soldiers.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Navy is the strongest in the region and will be further boosted by the renewal of the aircraft carrier in 2012.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

There are also 15 submarines on the ground.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Air Force is the fourth largest in the world with its more than 900 planes.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

The Air Force fleet is rapidly being refurbished to meet the needs of the 21st century.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[43] India has built its own aviation industry (Hindustan Aeronautics) to guarantee national security.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

In aviation, India first relied on England, but brought in, among others, the German designer Kurt Tank to design its own fighter aircraft.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Since then, know-how has been acquired from the Soviet Union, in whose late years the Indian Air Force flew newer MiG fighters than the Soviet Air Force.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Although largely the Indian Air Force uses ageing Soviet equipment (MiG-21, MiG-27), it has also bought newer Suhoi Su-30 and MiG-29 aircraft.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India manufactures Russian military aircraft and tanks under license, as well as missiles in a joint venture.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

It has also collaborated with Israel and, as of 2010, France.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[51] The space industry was created to demonstrate India's great dominance.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Its creation was led by Vikram Sarabhai under India's Atomic Energy Program, who in turn developed a nuclear weapon of its own for the country.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

India also has intentions to build its own missile defense system against Pakistan.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

Space activities were limited to practical applications in the early 2000s, remote sensing satellites were used in land use planning for villages, communications satellites for rural training, etc. India's first manned spaceflight was once planned for 2015 with support from Russia's Roskosmos.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[52] Since then, the years 2016-2017 [53] and 2021 have been mentioned.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[54] States and Federal Republics India is divided into 29 states and seven federal territories, which also include the Delhi Capital Territory.


Question: Is there a desert in Calcutta?

India

[55] States and territories are divided into smaller districts.