Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Around this time of the late 1970s and 1980s, opposition to the Klan became widespread and open.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Journalist Jerry Thompson reports that during his clan membership, his car was shot at, black children yelled at him and a clan gathering turned into a riot when black soldiers from a nearby military base began taunting the Klansmen.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Attempts by clansmen to carry out marches were usually met with counter-demonstrations and sometimes these led to violent clashes.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan has been extremely vulnerable to American lawsuits.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

This vulnerability has led to the disappearance of the rest of the centralized organization and the emergence of several distinct autonomous clans.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

For example, a trial for lynching Michael Donald, a black man, on March 20, 1981, resulted in the bankrupting of a clan, the United Klans of America (United Clans of America).


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The lawsuits paralyzed the activities of the clans.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

In one case, for example, journalist Thompson noticed how clan leaders were extremely concerned that the civil rights organization Southern Poverty Law Center would sue them as individuals in a lawsuit costing several million because a few clan members had drifted into a firefight with blacks.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Klan leaders curtailed the clan's activities in order to save money for the lawsuit.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The Southern Poverty Law Center took it upon itself to bring down all clan-like organizations through fortune-paying lawsuits.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

However, the clans have also used lawsuits, for example, a pocketbook version of journalist Thompson's work was left unpublished after the Klan filed a lawsuit.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The Klan's activities have also split into several different groups and organizations that do not necessarily have anything to do with the original Ku Klux Klan, such as neo-Nazis, skinheads, and the Christian Identity orientation formed by several loosely allied generally Protestant groups .


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The customs and ideas of the clans have moved to other organizations and the other way around.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Consequently, many clans today count as right-wing extremists, having adopted many traits precisely from skinheads and neo-Nazis.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Those who oppose violence, but those who support white nationalism, like David Duke's supporters, for example, have set up their own organizations.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Today, the members of the various fragmented clans total only a few thousand and they are divided into more than 100 different groups that are isolated and do not necessarily maintain any contact with each other.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

A few Ku Klux Klan organizations currently active: Bayou Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (active in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana and other areas of the Southeast United States) Church of the American Knights of the Ku Klux Klan Imperial Klans of America The Klux Klan (hosts America's largest celebration of white nationalists and pro-white supremacists every year, the “Nordic Fest”.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Headquarters located in Dawson Springs, Hopkins County, Kentucky) The White Camelia Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (Practically an organization of the same name (Knights of the White Camelia) founded during Reconstruction in 1867 in Louisiana.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The current organization is based in Texas.)


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, or The Knights Party, is a national leader by Reverend Thomas Robb, but the organization's cause is largely based on the teachings of David Duke.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The headquarters are located in the town of Zinc, Boone County, Arkansas.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Allegedly the largest clan in the United States.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

A Republican, Robb says the organization that opposes communism and racial mixing is peaceful and moderate.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The organization also, like the First Klan, defends the constitutional right to bear a gun.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The organization seeks to unite the “white people divided by the two-party system” in a spirit of Christianity and constitutionalism.)


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

In addition, there are several smaller organizations that use the Klan name.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

In 2005, there were thought to be around 3000 clans in the country, divided into about 100 clans and 158 divisions.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

2/3 of these clans are located in the Confederate States, territory of the former American Confederacy.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The remaining 1/3 is located in the Midwest of the United States.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Despite several competing clans, common parlance still talks about the Ku Klux Klan as if there is still one big unified organization, although this is certainly not the case.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

In July 2005, a hispan man's house burned down after he had been accused of interfering with a nine-year-old white girl.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Afterwards, clansmen emerged dressed in Klan capes handing out proclamations.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

In May 2006, a clan organized an anti-immigration march in the town of Russellville, Franklin County, Alabama.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Ku Klux Klan vocabulary Klan membership is secret, and the Klan, like other secret clubs and fraternities, have their own means of identifying a member of the organization.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

During its history, the Klan has had several words in use.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Many times words always began with the beginning of “KL”: Klabee: treasures Kleagle: color color Klecktoken: membership fee Kligrapp: secretary Klonvocation: gathering Kloran: ritual book Kloreroe: councillor Kludd: chaplain All of the above vocabulary was created by Reverend William Simmons upon founding the second Ku Klux Klan in 1915.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The original and first post-Civil War Reconstruction Ku Klux Klan used a number of titles, the only ones to bear until the present day being “Wizard” (or Imperial Wizard).


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Wizard means wizard in Finnish and Imperial Wizard in freely Finnish means imperial wizard, or grand wizard, but many times this title of supreme leader of the Klan is translated into “vizier” or “grand vizier”.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

33/5 is the identification number of the Ku Klux Klan.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

33 means 3 times 11.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The letter K is eleventh in alphabetical order.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

5 denotes the fifth era, that is, the present day.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Members of the Ku Klux Klan might have a number as a tattoo.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Sources Horn, Stanley F. Invisible Empire: The Story of the Ku Klux Klan, 1866—1871, Patterson Smith Publishing Corporation: Montclair, NJ, 1939.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

References Literature Axelrod, Alan.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The International Encyclopedia of Secret Societies & Fraternal Orders, New York: Facts On File, 1997.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Dray, Philip.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

At the Hands of Persons Unknown: The Lynching of Black America, New York: Random House, 2002.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Feldman, Glenn.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Politics, Society, and the Klan in Alabama, 1915—1949.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, AL, 1999.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Ingalls, Robert P. Hoods: The Story of the Ku Klux Klan, New York: G.P.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Putnam's Sons, 1979.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Levitt, Stephen D. and Stephen J. Dubner.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Freakonomics: A Rogue Economist Explores the Hidden Side of Everything.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

New York: William Morrow (2005).


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Moore, Leonard J. Citizen Klansmen: The Ku Klux Klan in Indiana, 1921—1928 Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina Press, 1991.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Newton, Michael, and Judy Ann Newton.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan: An Encyclopedia.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

New York & London: Garland Publishing, 1991.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Parsons, Elaine Frantz, “Midnight Rangers: Costume and Performance in the Reconstruction-Era Ku Klux Klan.”


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The Journal of American History 92.3 (2005): 811—836.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Rhodes, James Ford.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 to the McKinley-Bryan Campaign of 1896.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Volume: 7.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

(1920) winner of the Pulitzer Prize.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Rogers, William; Ward, Robert; Atkins, Leah; and Flynt, Wayne.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Alabama: The History of a Deep South State.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, AL, 1994.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

It's Steinberg.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Man From Missouri.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

New York: Van Rees Press, 1962.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Thompson, Jerry.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

My Life in the Klan, Rutledge Hill Press, Nashville.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Originally published in 1982 by G.P.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Putnam's Sons, ISBN 0-399-12695-3.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Trelease, Allen W. White Terror: The Ku Klux Klan Conspiracy and Southern Reconstruction (Louisiana State University Press: 1995).


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Wade, Wyn Craig.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

The Fiery Cross: The Ku Klux Klan in America.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

New York: Simon and Schuster (1987).


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

On topic elsewhere.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What year is James Wilkinson born?

Ku Klux Klan

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Cyrillic lettering is a writing system based on Glagolitic and Greek lettering.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

History In 863, Saints Cyrillos and Methodios received the task from the Byzantine ruler to create a unified writing system for Slavic languages or dialects.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

The work resulted in the Glagolitic lettering, which later evolved into a representative — still bearing the name of Cyrillic — still bearing the name of Cyrillos, mixed with it and the Greek one.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

In Russian, it is called kirillitsa (кириллица), in Ukrainian as kyrylytsja (Кирилиця) and in Serbo-Croatian as Ćirilica (ирилица).


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Church Lav The ancient church slav lettering is the oldest of the Cyrillic letters and dates from the 9th century.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

It includes 43 letters.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Cyrillic lettering from 1708 By 1708, the lettering had developed a lot, and the number of letters had dwindled to 34.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Russian Literature The modern Russian lettering is largely based on the Cyrillic letter of 1708 and has 33 letters.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

The so-called jer characters and ь have once had an independent short vowel sound value [1].


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

In addition, the former has been a voiceless masculine emblem at the end of the word.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Always “je:” -voiced jat has been removed.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

In weight, the “jo:” -pronounced e has been replaced by ë, which, although Russian speakers do not always remember to use, and is not even necessary [2].


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Prior to this reform, it was almost impossible to deduce which character to write the weightless “je:” pronunciation.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Current Situation Cyrillic is used today to write many Slavic, as well as Uralic, Turkic, Mongolian, Northwest Caucasian, North Caucasian and Dagestani languages spoken in Russia and nearby regions.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Slavic languages using the Cyrillic letter include Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbian (also uses Latin lettering), and Church Slavic.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Uralic languages using the Cyrillic script include Ersä, Mokša, Meadow Mari, Mountain Mari, Komi, Comipermyak, Udmurt, Kiltsaame, Nenetsi and Khanti, and Mansi.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Of the Turkic languages, the Cyrillic literal is used by Kazakh, Bashkir, Kumyk, Nogai, Kyrgyz, Dolgan, Hakassi, Yakut, Karazhai, Balkar, Šoori, Tuva, and Tatar.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Previously, Azeri, Uzbek, Karapakalpak, Gagauzi, Turkmen and Crimintarian also used Cyrillic lettering, but after the dissolution of the Soviet Union they reverted to the Latin literal.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Tatarstan also decided that there would be a shift to Latin letters in Tatar, but the realisation of the matter has been hampered by a law enacted in Russia since then, according to which the official language can only be written in Cyrillic.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Of the Mongolic languages, the Cyrillic literal is used by Buryat, Kalmuk and Mongol.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Of the Northwest Caucasian languages, the Cyrillic literal is used by Abkhaz, Abaza, Adyge, and Kabard.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Of the North Caucasian languages, the Cyrillic letter is used by Ingush and Chechen.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Of the Dagestani languages, the Cyrillic literal is used by avaari, dargva, law, aguli, lezgi, rutuli and tabasarani.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Cyrillic use of letters by language Belarusian (also Latin in use) Bosnian (also Latin in use) Bulgarian Ladino (also Latin in use) Kazakh (replaced by Latins until 2025) Kyrgyz Macedonian Mongolian (also Mongol and Latin in use) Montenegro (also Latin in use) Russian Serbian (also Latin in use) Ukrainian Persian (Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) Croatian (formerly) Bosnian (formerly) Alphabets [3], Alphabets of languages using Cyrillic letters differ slightly .


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

A feature of the Cyrillic alphabet is that italic differs from the normal letter type for some letters.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

This can be troublesome for a reader who has learned only you can the alphabet: Аа Бь Вв Гг Дд Ее Ёhei ЖЗз Ии йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Пр Сс Тт Уу Фу ФХх Цц Чч Шщыыы ьь Еь Аа Аа Бь Вв Гг Дд Ее Ё¥ ЖЗз Ии йй Кк Лл Мм Нн Оо Пр СС Тт Уу ФХх Цц Чч Шщыыы ьь эюяя Hand-written the text resembles italics: The Russian alphabet for Russian writing today uses the following letters: АБвгдеёжзийклмнопрстуфхцчшщъыьэюяspelling was renewed in 1918.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Print stamps used in textbooks, among other things, are not included in Unicode.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Wikipedia has used a separate accent mark for Unicode in some names.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Unicode additionally lacks markers used in modern church lava, among other things.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

The Ukrainian alphabet АБВГДЕЖЗИІйКЛМНОПРCTУФХЦЧШщюяь Additionally, (1991 after the reform) between Гand Д, which is pronounced like the Russian г. The letter was not used in Soviet Ukraine after 1933 and is missing from several letters and computers.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Е' s name is' E ', there is no Ё'.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

In addition, between Еand Ж.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

The letter Ε, is not used И is pronounced differently and its name is “Y”, similarly Й is “Short-Y”.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Between them are the letters і, і and,, which look like Latin I.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

YY is not used.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

For hard character status, an apostrophe is used.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

The Belarusian alphabet I looks more like the I of the Latin alphabet.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

In addition, Short-U (,) щis not enabled with a hard character holding an apostrophe.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

The Bulgarian alphabet With hard sign (,) is the sound value of the Serbian alphabet Аабввгддеежжзијклклмннноппрсстттрсттруефххццчрсттрсттрсттруфхццччш्Modern Serbian since the 19th century: The holding of,, which is pronounced /j/.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

The letter Е is pronounced /ˈ/ and is named “E”.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

No letter И. Between Дn and Е, the letter,. Between Иand К, the letter,. Between Нand О, the letter,. Between the Т' and У', the letter А, и. Between Чn and Шn, the letter,. is the last letter (no letters,,, ы, ь,,,, Я).


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

Macedonian alphabet Like the Serbian alphabet, but: Uses additional letters and.


Question: Are the Udmurts Russians?

Cyrillic Literature

See also Transliteration Church Slav Cyrillic keyboard Sources on the topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Ugly Betty is an American comedy-drama television series.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

The first episode of the series aired in the United States on ABC on September 28, 2006.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

On January 27, 2010, ABC announced that it would be ending the series' fourth production season after the end of


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

[1] The final episode of Ugly Betty aired in the United States on April 14, 2010.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

In Finland, the series has been presented by Nelonen.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

The series follows the lives of Betty Suarez (America Ferrera) and this editor-in-chief boss Daniel Meade (Eric Mabius) in and out of the editorial staff of Mode fashion magazine.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Ugly Betty is based on the Colombian telenovela Yo soy Betty, la fea (1999—2001), scripted by Fernando Gaitán.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

For the New York setting, the series was edited by Silvio Horta, Salma Hayek and Ben Silverman.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hayek also revisits the series herself in the role of Sofia Reyes.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Ugly Betty was awarded the Golden Globe for Best Comedy Series in 2007.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

America Ferrera, who plays the lead in the series, won the award for Best Comedy Actress at the same event.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

[2] Series Personals Betty Suarez (America Ferrera) is a positive and sunny young woman who gets to work at Mode fashion magazine as Daniel Meade's assistant.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty doesn't feel she fits in with slim and beautiful people because of her braces and old-fashioned clothing taste, but she's not lacking in eagerness and determination.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He dreams of starting his own magazine sometimes.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She has dated Walter, Henry, Gio and Matt.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Christina is his good friend in Mode.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Over the course of the series, her and Daniel's partnership develops into a warm friendship.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel Meade (Eric Mabius) runs the magazine.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She gets the position thanks to her tabloid mogul father, and many hate her because of her ignorance, especially Wilhelmina Slater.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel is a great womanizer and does a lot of one-night stands, but later he grows up and starts wanting a more permanent relationship, which is not so easy though.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina Slater (Vanessa Williams) is the creative director of Mode.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She has for years dreamed of the position of head writer for the paper, and is bitter about Daniel getting the position.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He's trying the means without overturning Daniel's power.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He is also obsessed with staying youthful looking.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina deeply loved Connor Owens.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She was the only one to ever see the Real Wilhelmina.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Bradford Meade (Alan Dale, seasons 1-2) is Daniel's father and owns Meade Publications, which includes Mode.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She hires Betty as Daniel's assistant so that she can really focus on her work, since Betty is not part of Daniel's taste in women.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Bradford was married to Claire, but took a divorce from her to marry Wilhelmina, who fiddled her only to become a partner in Meade Publications.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Amanda Tanen (Becki Newton) works as a receptionist at Mode.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She loves herself and is addicted to fashion.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He's good friends with Marc.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He later also befriends Betty in his own way, though he always makes fun of this.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Marc St. James (Michael Urie) is Wilhelmina's assistant.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He is close with Wilhelmina and is involved in Wilhelmina's coup plans.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Her best friend is Amanda and she also befriends Betty.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Marc is homosexual and proud of it.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Christina McKinney (Ashley Jensen, seasons 1-3) works at Mode as a seamstress.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He is friends with Betty and despises thread-skinned people.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She dreams of being a fashion designer and gets to progress in her career thanks to Wilhelmina, but is forced to do some difficult favours in return.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Ignacio Suarez (Tony Plana) is Betty's loving father, who supports his daughters in everything.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He's a good cook.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda Suarez (Ana Ortiz) is Betty's sister.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She has a son, Justin, whose father doesn't exactly roll around.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda sells makeup products but dreams of being a hairdresser.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She later sets up her own beauty salon.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda dreams a lot, but still tramples still.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda, however, has a good heart, and she really cares about her family.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Justin Suarez (Mark Indelicato) is Hilda's son, who is very interested in fashion.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He befriends Marc.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Production Seasons First Production Season Betty Suarez is a young woman who dreams of working as a journalist.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She gets a job as an assistant to fashion magazine Mode's head writer Daniel Meade.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Mode's people don't welcome Betty with quite open arms because of her looks and fashion insensitivity, but she befriends dressmaker Christina McKinney.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Mode's creative director Wilhelmina Slater is bitter at Daniel getting the head writer's nest thanks only to his owning father Bradford Meade from Meade Publications, while she herself has dreamed of the place for years.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

The first plot patterns in the series focus on the suspicions surrounding the death of Daniel's predecessor, Fey Sommers, as well as a mysterious female patient who is later revealed to be Daniel's dead mistaken brother Alex (nowadays Alexis), who has undergone a gender correction.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Alexis, along with Wilhelmina, attempts to blame Bradford for the murder of Fey Sommers, but is later revealed to be Bradford's wife Claire, who turns herself in to the authorities.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Following this, Wilhelmina attempts to manipulate Bradford into divorcing Claire by starting a relationship with her so that she can get a share in Meade Publications.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina's machinations succeed and later the couple agree to get married.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Meanwhile, known as a great playmaker, Daniel falls in love with Sofia Reyes, who Bradford hired to launch a new magazine.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

After proposing to Sofia, Daniel learns Sofia has only taken advantage of her for her magazine's publication and breaks down completely.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

He eventually becomes a drug addict.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Receptionist Amanda Tanen and Wilhelmina's assistant Marc St. James are good friends and often mock Betty despite agreeing to work with her in various capacities.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Amanda finds a birth certificate, which says Fey Sommers would be her mother.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty's home follows the lives of Betty's Ignacio father, Hilda's sister, and her son Justin.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Ignacio's visa has expired, so the family will have to bang his head together so he won't be deported back to Mexico.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda tries to find work and discovers she has the potential to become a beautician.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

At the same time, she tries to warm up her relationship with her ex-boyfriend and Justin's father Santos.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

They later get back together and get engaged.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

At the beginning of the season, Betty dates Walter, but breaks up with him later.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She falls for Mode's accountant Henry Grubstick and they begin dating until Henry's on/off girlfriend Charlie shows up.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty and Henry's relationship goes on ice, but later they get back together.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

However, Charlie appears again, telling her that she is pregnant.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Henry decides to leave with Charlie to their homestead in Tucson.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

At the end of the season, Claire escapes from prison to prevent Wilhelmina's machinations, Alexis drives a car crash while taking Daniel to the hospital after he overdoses, Santos gets killed in an armed robbery of a shop and Betty learns Charlie has cheated on Henry, so it remains unclear if Henry has the child father or not.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Second Production Season Three weeks have passed since the end of the second season.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel and Alexis are hospitalized, Daniel in restraints and Alexis in a coma.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

When Alexis wakes up, she has lost her memory and imagines she is still Alex.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

The family mourns Santos' death, while Wilhelmina runs Mode in Daniel's absence.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Amanda learns from her parents that she is adopted, and that Fey Sommers is really her biological mother.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Together with Marc, she tries to figure out who her real father is.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Meanwhile, Christina's ex-husband comes back and tells her he is terminally ill.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Henry returns from Tucson being increasingly unaware of Charlie's affair, but later learns the truth.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

A paternity test ensures Henry is the father of the child, but Betty and he decide to continue their relationship nonetheless.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina and Bradford's wedding day is approaching.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Claire has been hiding from the authorities and fails to change Bradford's mind when it comes to Wilhelmina.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

In the middle of the wedding ceremony, Bradford suffers a heart attack and dies, leaving Wilhelmina on the brink of rage and her family grief-stricken.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Claire surrenders to the cops.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Bradford leaves Meade Publications to both Daniel and Alexis.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina is fired but does not give up hope anyway; she plans to start her own magazine, but, as a decision by many companies, the intention falls short.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

However, she has a Plan B; she had previously bribed a doctor to take sperm from Bradford's body and is now planning to give birth to an heir to Meade.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

However, she learns she is unable to give birth and makes an offer to Christina; she would give money for Christina's husband's treatments if Christina became a surrogate.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Christina agrees.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty gets to know Gio, who sells sandwiches.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Between them gradually heat up, hampering Betty and Henry's relationship.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

With Betty's help, Claire is released from prison when it is revealed that Claire had been in the grip of intoxicating poison when she murdered Fey Sommers.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

On the home side, Hilda sets up her own beauty salon and falls for Justin's PE teacher Tony.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel meets the beautiful Renee, who is revealed to be Wilhelmina's sister.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

However, Renee is mentally ill and attempts to murder Betty, thinking she may have been interested in Daniel.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Renee is forced into a mental hospital and Daniel is left alone once again.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Towards the end of the season, Wilhelmina tells Meadei about her future child and becomes Mode's head writer.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel meets a French boy who tells him he is his son.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty discovers that she has fallen in love with both Gio and Henry.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Both have their own proposals for the future, but remains open which one Betty chooses.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

In season three, Betty decides to leave Gio and Henry and move into her own apartment.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

After Wilhelmina takes Daniel's place, she takes over the management of Player magazine and Betty continues there as her assistant.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She is also trying to fight for custody of her son, Daniel Jr.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

It is later revealed that Alexis is actually Daniel Jr's father, as while still a man, he slept with the boy's mother.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

However, the boy's grandparents will get custody.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel also gets his job back at Mode and Wilhemina returns to be creative director.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Christina's pregnancy is endangered when she is pushed down the stairs.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

The perpetrator is revealed to be Alexis, who lets herself come to light.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina blackmails Alexis into giving her share of Meade Publications to her and in an exchange she would help Alexis' charges be dropped.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

A compromise is reached and Wilhelmina and Daniel end up running the company.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Alexis leaves for France to get to know her son.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

It is later discovered that the child Christina is carrying is actually her own, and together with her husband, they move to Scotland.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Amanda moves to live with Betty because of her lack of money.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Later, Betty moves back home after her father's heart attack, and Marc moves in to Betty's ranch.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

At home, Ignacio gets his own personal caregiver, with whom he starts socializing for a while.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda instead divorces Tony after learning of his wife, but later falls in love with Mayor Archie Rodriguez.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Meanwhile, Wilhelmina falls in love with new partner Connor Owens, while Daniel falls for Connor's cancer-stricken wife, Molly.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

After the Owens separate, Wilhelmina and Connor begin dating, as do Daniel and Molly, who later marry.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Later, Connor steals Meade Publications' money and escapes.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Marc and Betty get to study at YETI, where up-and-coming journalists are trained.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty falls for Matt Hartley, who is aspiring to be a sportscaster.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty learns Matt is from a rich family and at first the chemistry between them doesn't seem to ignite, but later the duo fall in love and start dating.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Henry returns to New York.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

His and Betty's old feelings are awakened, which raises Matt's suspicions.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Henry decides to leave and kisses Betty goodbye, but Matt sees this and ends their relationship.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

After Betty and Marc graduate from YET, only one or the other gets a writer's position at Mode.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina and Daniel decide to choose Betty, who is happy to have her dream come true, even if Matt becomes her boss.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

At the end of the season, it is revealed that Claire had become pregnant after being in a relationship with Matt's father.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She had had a son and given him up for adoption.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Molly passes away from cancer, breaking Daniel completely.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Season 4, Betty begins her job as an advertising editor at Mode, to which credit she changes her hair style and acquires a new pair of eyeglasses.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Matt initially mistreats her, but forgives her and they continue their relationship as friends.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Amanda falls for Matti, but realizes he is still in love with Betty.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Matt and Betty get back together, but later the pair break up after Matt receives a job offer in Africa.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Meanwhile, Daniel mourns Molly's death and briefly joins a peculiar grief group.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina desperately tries to find Connor.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She breaks down when she learns he's dead, but really he's alive and they meet again in romantic moods in the Bahamas.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Connor surrenders and is sent to prison, where Wilhelmina goes to see him.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Wilhelmina's daughter Nico returns to the picture, but only to manipulate money from her mother, which survives to Wilhelmina thanks to Marc.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty finally gets her braces off.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda is reunited with her childhood crush Bobby, whom she falls for.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Archie and Hilda break up, after which Hilda and Bobby start dating.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda becomes pregnant, which nevertheless ends in a miscarriage.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Later, the couple becomes engaged.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda spends her bachelor party with Betty and Amanda in London, where the party involves Christina.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Gang runs into Gio in London as well, and Betty is offered a job as a fashion columnist, but Betty realises fashion isn't her dream.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Meanwhile, Justin feels insecure about himself and his sexuality, but eventually starts dating a boy named Austin and tells the matter to his family.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Marc has a one-night stand with Troy, who would love to meet again.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Marc, unaccustomed to dating, decides to say yes.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel hires Marc as his assistant, but later, thanks to Wilhelmina, Marc is promoted to fashion editor.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Amanda discovers Betty and Marc's successes and quits Mode to start her career as a fashion designer.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Claire finds her son, whose name is Tyler.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Tyler is offered a model job at Mode, after which Daniel begins to wonder about his mother's new companion.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Claire tells the truth to Daniel, who becomes enraged and wants nothing to do with either of them.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Later, Tyler starts drinking and Wilhelmina tries to manipulate Tyler into demanding a share of Meade Publications from Claire.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Drunk, Tyler steals a gun and wants revenge on his mother after she puts him up for adoption, but accidentally shoots Wilhelmina, who survives.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Tyler and Meadet settled their dispute.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

At the end of the series, Betty receives a new job offer from London as head writer for a local paper.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

She hesitates at first because she doesn't want to leave her family and friends, but decides to move to London.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Amanda finally finds her father.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Hilda decides to move with Bobby and Justin to Manhattan and Ignacio is happy to have more space.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Daniel decides to look for new winds for his life and gives Wilhelmina this dream job at the helm of Mode.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty bids farewell to her family.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

The series ends when Betty runs into Daniel in London, who asks her to dinner.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Betty agrees and jokes that she's looking for an assistant.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

DVD releases in Finland Sources Ugly Betty series References elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

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Question: When did the Ugly Betty series end?

Ugly Betty

Category:American drama series Category:American sitcoms Category:Golden Globe award-winning television series Category:SAG Award-winning television series Category:2000-decade television series Category:Television series based on television series


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

Literacy means skill in interpreting written language.


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

The word indoor literacy can also be used as opposed to memorizing literacy, or “reading by heart”.


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

In Finland, literacy is usually learned at the age of 5-7 years.


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

The OECD's PISA project uses the following definition of literacy: “Literacy is the understanding, use and evaluation of written texts to achieve the reader's own goals, to build knowledge and capacity, and to participate in social life.” In the IEA Assessment Study, literacy was defined as the ability to understand and use forms of written language required by society and/or valued by the individual.


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

Adult literacy is defined in it as “the use of printed and written information to function in society, to achieve one's own goals, and to build knowledge and capacity.”


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

Functional literacy Today, along with mechanical literacy, is also considered important to the so-called functional literacy, where the reader is able to interpret and evaluate what they are reading regardless of the types of text.


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

The two previous international literacy surveys (IEA Reading Literacy Study and OECD International Adult Literacy Survey) have also placed emphasis on the functional nature of reading.


Question: How is literacy defined?

Literacy

List of illiterate rates by country [1] See also Dysphasia Functional illiteracy Mechanical literacy List of countries by literacy Sources on topic elsewhere Literacy Supporting Literacy Category:Skills Category:Language teaching Category:Literacy Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The history of mathematics is very long.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Mathematics, along with physics and astronomy, is one of the oldest disciplines.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Genesis of Mathematics Accurately elucidating the first steps of mathematics is impossible, as mankind learned to calculate before the art of writing was born.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Thus, no written documentation of the first rules of calculation or geometric outlines remain.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The early history of mathematics can best be studied through archaeological discoveries, linguistics, and animal observation.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

It has been found that many animals are capable of distinguishing the size difference between troops smaller than at least five embryos.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Thus, one can assume that some concept of a figure is very old.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This is also supported by the breakdown of the grammatical number of many languages into one and many, in some cases two and three.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

From understanding the difference between two stones and three stones, it has probably gone a long way to realising the abstract concept of 'three' as linking together three stones and three trees.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[1] This idea is supported by the fact that many animals that perceive troop size differences are unable to do this.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Furthermore, the first reading words to appear in languages have originally meant, for example, two stones.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The figure has thus been difficult to perceive as a disconnected concept from its connection.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

According to some theories, ordinal numbers would have arisen before cardinal numbers.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This has been justified by the fact that in many rituals and myths, the order of events and persons has played an important part.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[1] However, languages do not support this notion, as in almost all languages an ordinal number is formed by inflecting a cardinal number.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The oldest archaeological evidence for counting numbers is about 30,000 years old.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The bone found in the Czech Republic has a total of 55 notches broken down into groups of five.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Five has been a natural choice as a suitable number because there are five fingers on one hand.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Ten (fingers of two hands) and twenty (fingers and toes) have also been early stock figures for reading systems.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In a survey of American Indian tribes, one-third used the five-system, a third used the ten-system, just under a third the binary system, and the rest the tri-system.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

There is evidence of the twenty-system mostly from Europe, where its remnants can still be seen in languages, French 80 (quatre-vingt) is four to twenty in Finnish.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The earliest written evidence seems to have favoured the five-system, but as the language gained a distinct formal form, the ten-system has emerged as the most common.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[1] The early stages of geometry are even more difficult to ascertain.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Greeks placed the genesis of geometry in ancient Egypt, where it was needed for surveying.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, it is clear that advanced geometric thinking was not born out of thin air at the time; there has already been some kind of geometric figuring ability in the past.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Many other animals, especially monkeys, are able to perceive form as an abstract thing detached from a particular object, and group different objects based on shape into groups.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The oldest evidence of creative geometric thinking can be seen in cave paintings showing geometric patterns and various braiding works.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Already in them you can see, for example, the idea of uniformity and symmetry of patterns.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[2] One of the oldest such works is a cave found in South Africa with geometric patterns scrawled on its walls estimated as early as 70000 years ago.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[3] Ancient Egyptian mathematics (3000—500 BCE)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Along with the Sumerians, Egyptians are the first people to learn the art of writing.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The earliest documents on Egyptian pictorial writing, hieroglyphs, are over 5500 years old, and the first surviving number markings are over 5000 years old.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Egyptians used the ten-system, and their way of denoting numbers was of the same type as that of the Romans.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Ten for potencies up to at least one million was each its own mark, and the number of these characters expressed that number of ten potencies in the chapter.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

For example, 1362749 was marked Later, a shortening notation was introduced, where, for example, a quad had its own mark, a horizontal line.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[4] The main sources for the level of ancient Egyptian mathematics are certain preserved papyri containing instructions and tasks.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The most extensive of these dates to about 1650 BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

the Ahmes papyrus [5], another significant source dates from about 1890 BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Moscow papyrus.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Based on these, it has been found that Egyptians knew how to use fractions.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, they stuck to unit fractions (of the form 1/n) and number 2/3.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Other fractions they considered to be intolerable.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Ahmes papyrus shows figures of the form 2/n as the sum of unit fractions with values of n 5 to 101.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Egyptians did not actually use multiplication or division; instead, they performed these operations by duplicating or halving the numbers and adding them together.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Multiplication by ten was also used.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The author of Ahmes's papyrus has also been able to divide figures in any respect, which one might imagine was important for state taxation and wages.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[4] In addition to arithmetics, Egyptians have been proficient in the rudiments of algebra and geometry.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Ahmes papyrus shows a method for solving first-order equations of simple form.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In addition, it appears the first known mathematical proof in which it is proved by calculating a given number to implement an equation.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In geometry, Egyptians have been able to calculate the fields of isosceles and rectangular triangles, as well as directional ones, by breaking them up into appropriate triangles and assembling a rectangle of triangles.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Using the same method three-dimensionally, they knew how to calculate the volume of the truncated pyramid.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Contrary to what is often mentioned, there is no indication of the use of the Pythagorean theorem in preserved sources.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Of the trigonometric relations, Egyptian mathematicians had in place the ratio equivalent to the current cotangent required for the construction of the pyramid.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[4] The mathematics of the Egyptians seems to have developed early to a level that has allowed the construction of pyramids, the measurement of plots, and the functioning of an advanced economy.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, after the Ahmes papyrus, its development seems to have stalled.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Apparently mathematics was only developed for practical needs.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Among the greatest weaknesses in Egyptians' mathematics was perhaps approximation due to practicality.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The value of silicon used by the Egyptians was 3+13/81, which in itself is not a bad approximation.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, they seem to have assumed it was accurate because they knew it was almost correct.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Similarly, the Egyptians calculated the area of a quadrilateral to be the input of the mean of opposite sides, giving precise approximations to the quadrilateral close to the square.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The formula for the field of the triangle is also derived from this, according to which the area is the mean of the two sides multiplied by the half of the third.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This indicates that the Egyptians knew how to derive another formula from the formula and even used zero as the length of one page.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, the formula is wrong due to the original approximation assumption.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[4] [6] Mathematics in Mesopotamia (3000—500 BC)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The mathematics developed in the Mesopotamian region has tended to be called Babylonian, although other peoples lived in the area besides the Babylonians.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The reason for this is the fairly unified culture of the region.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Much more evidence of Babylonian mathematics has survived than Egyptian mathematics, as peoples in the region used clay tables better preserved from papyrus as their writing platform.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The first significant people of the region, the Sumerians, learned the art of writing more than 5,000 years ago.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

They used the arrow editorial, which was later adopted by the peoples who ruled the region.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Instead of the tensystem, a 60 system was in use.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The choice had been made apparently consciously because 60 is divisible by many different numbers and thus convenient for computation.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, the Babylonians used the tenth system as a subsystem, meaning chapters 1—59 were formed from characters of ones and tens.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[7] [8] Around 2500 BC.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

also began to denote numbers with signs in the arrow editorial, so all numbers were expressed by horizontal and vertical wedges.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The low number of signs may have been one of the reasons that around 4000 years ago placeholding was first introduced in the area.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Ones were denoted by vertical wedges and dozens by horizontal ones.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The same characters also indicated the other potencies of the stock number, so, for example, the figure 4862=3600+21·60+2 was denoted Y →→Y YY.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[7] This was a significant advance over the Egyptian method of notation, particularly because it also extended to negative powers of the strain number, and thus the notation was as effective as the decimal system in use today.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The only shortcoming was zero, which was not present at all to begin with.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

3rd-century BCE


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, it began to be used for the zero in the middle of the chapter, but the zero at the end of the chapter was not marked in any way.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The magnitude of the figure therefore came to be understood out of context.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[9] The benefits of the Babylonians” reading system were most clearly evident in the accuracy of their approximations.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Their value for the square root of two was 1.414222, which is correct to five-digit accuracy.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

For calculating the square root, the Babylonians had a general method based on iteration.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, like Egyptian mathematicians, the Babylonians did not make a clear distinction between an approximation and an exact value.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Thus, a good approximation was enough for them, and the Babylonians are not known to have studied the endless sets resulting from the iteration method.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, they apparently knew how to compute the sum of a finite geometric series and knew how to deal with finite sets anyway.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Preserved clay tables have a lot of different tables that facilitate counting.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Babylonians have been marking up reverse figures tables and number potencies and making logarithm tables that have been exploited in practice for things like interest bills.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

For the numbers missing from the table, they have calculated values by interpolation.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[10] In equation solution, the Babylonians advanced far beyond the Egyptians.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

They learn to solve all second-order equations with at least one positive root.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The sophistication of their algebra is shown by them solving second-order equations of the form ax²+bx+c=0 using the rank method by multiplying both sides by a and denoting ax=y.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Similarly, they knew how to solve equations reversible to the second degree, such as x8+bx4+c=0.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Babylonians also solved at least three-thermal third-order equations.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

There is no definite evidence for the solution of the perfect third order equation.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

What makes it difficult to work out the level of mathematics is that the Babylonians did not write down their solution methods as formulas of any kind, but as practical, operating instructions bound to certain numbers.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Therefore, it is sometimes impossible to know whether they have known the general solution to the problem or just a specific case.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

At least for the diagonal of the square, they have known that in every square the ratio of diagonal to side is √2.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[10] The geometry of the Babylonians was more advanced than the Egyptians, although they mainly viewed it as an application of algebra.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Thus, no geometric proofs exist.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Anyway, their evidence is limited to the fact that the claim was proven by calculation correct.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Babylonians were the first to develop the Pythagorean theorem.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Furthermore, they were ahead of the Egyptians in that they could calculate areas of patterns and thirst lengths by utilizing uniform patterns.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

No actual trigonometry the Babylonians had, but tabulated values have been found in clay tables corresponding to the square of secant with angle values of 31°—45°.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Tangent values have probably been tabulated, too, but they have not survived.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Still, the angle was not considered to be measurable large; instead, the values are related to the ratios of the sides of certain triangles, and the secant or tangent has thus not been in use as an abstract function.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Perhaps the most significant reform of the Babylonians in terms of the development of mathematics was mathematics detached from practice.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

For some of the calculations, it is impossible to imagine applications of that time, so Babylonian mathematicians are the first to study mathematics because of its own.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[10] Ancient mathematics (600 BC.—500 share.)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Greek culture favored the practice of sciences, especially philosophy, logic and mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Therefore, mathematics developed in ancient Greece to a whole new level compared to the pre-Hellenic period.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Greeks made many important individual mathematical discoveries, but most important was the transformation of mathematics into its own discipline as it is known today.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In Babylonia and Egypt, mathematics had been mainly practical.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

It was not outlined as an abstract logical system in which certain axioms, namely basic theorems and the rules derived from them, are valid.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This kind of thought pattern arose in ancient Greece.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[11] Hellenic period (600—300 BCE)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

7th century B.C.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

since then, the Greeks had begun to establish settlements along the Mediterranean and Black Sea coasts.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This also brought further contacts with the old centres of mathematics, Babylonia and Egypt, and was apparently one of the reasons for the rapid development of mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The first Greek mathematicians known by name were Thales (circa 624—548BCE.)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

and Pythagoras (circa 580—500BC.).


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Of their works none have survived, but many later mathematicians refer to them in their works.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, it is debatable which of all the inventions usually put in their names were actually developed by them themselves.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Thalee is usually credited with developing geometric deductive reasoning.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Pythagoras and his followers established a school according to which everything was to be represented by integers and their ratios.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

They were thus the first to seek to describe nature in a regular way through mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Pythagoras observed how the length of an oscillating tongue affects pitch and studied the proportions the lengths of the languages should be in order to produce tunes belonging to a single octave.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

They also introduced the concepts of prime number and golden-cut.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Pythagorean worship of figures led to the study of different numbers queues, and certain figures were considered “more valuable” than others.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This led to them distinguishing between pure mathematics and logistics focusing on calculus engineering.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This may have slowed the development of the way figures were notated when practical calculation was considered inferior.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Greeks marked figures initially using a system resembling Roman numerals.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

No later than the 4th century BC.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

switched to an Ionian method of notation, which resembled a place system.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The complete place system never began to be used, and the Ionian notation was not used for fractions.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Pythagoreans considered them to be a ratio of two integers rather than discrete numbers placed between integers in magnitude.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[12] In the 4th century BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Greek mathematics spread across the Hellenic world to southern Italy, Thrace and Lesser Asia.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Although many notable mathematicians lived at the time, none of the texts written by them themselves have survived.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Three classical problems of geometry arose at that time, squaring the circle, duplication of the cube, and angle triangulation using a harp and ruler alone.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Although the Greeks did not solve the problems, studying them led to many new discoveries.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In particular, the difference between the concepts of exact value and approximation was specified.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Greeks were the first to understand that an accurate approximation never equals an exact value.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[13] Hippocrates Chhiosite (circa 470—410BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

) [14], when studying circle squaring, succeeded in squaring crests of a particular shape, and was thus the first to accurately calculate the area of a curve-line pattern.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Athenian Hippias (circa 460—400BC.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

) [15] invented a way to perform angular triangulation using a curve called quadratrix as an auxiliary.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Since the curve could not be created using a harp and ruler, the solution was not acceptable.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Hippias, however, had invented the first curve, which was not a circle arch or straight.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The first geometric solution for the duplication of the cube was put forward by the Tarentumian Arkhytas.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

His solution was based on the intersection of a torus formed by a cone, cylinder and circle that would be conveniently drawn according to the cube to be duplicated, which determined the place of the tip of the new cube.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The solution shows that Greek mathematics was at a very abstract level, considering that they did not have an analytical geometry or even a coordinate system like today.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[13] The Pythagorean idea of a world dominated by integers and their relations collapsed in the 4th century BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

At that time, it was successful in proving that, for example, the side and diagonal of a square are codimensionless, that is, expressed in modern terms, their relation is an irrational number.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Honor for this invention is often given to Hippasos (circa 530—450 BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

) [16], although there is no certainty on the matter.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The ratio of the golden cut was also proven to be an irrational number.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Together with Zenon (490—425 BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

With the paradoxes developed by) [17], this led to the fact that geometry, rather than figures, began to be considered as the basis of everything.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Figures were considered to have a discrete character, and Zenon showed that describing space as discrete causes contradictions.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Thus, the figures could not describe the real world of continuous greats.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Largely as a result of this, geometric algebra emerged, in which a geometric proof is sought for theorems in algebra.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

No calculation involving the ratio of codimensionless numbers could be performed; instead, a geometric construct had to be made for its solution.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[18] For example, second-order equations and square root values began to be solved geometrically.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[19] In the 3rd-century BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Plato (427—347 BC)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

founded his Academy and thus supported mathematicians and the development of mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

He himself did not end up with significant results, but sought to clarify the definitions and methods of proof in mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Plato applied his doctrine of ideas to mathematics, stressing that geometry does not deal with patterns drawn but the ideas they represent.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Thus mathematics became increasingly clear from practice into a separate science.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Eudoxos, who studied at Plato's Academy (circa 408—335 BCE)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

rose to be the most prominent mathematician of the time.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

He solved the problem posed by the codimensionless large on the comparators.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The difficulty had been the magnitude of the ratio of two codimensionless numbers versus the ratio of two integers (i.e., in modern terms, the ratio of an irrational number to a rational number), but Eudoxos's new definition of the relationship solved the problem.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[20] The idea of his definition is very close to the definition of real numbers introduced by Dedekind in the 19th century.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[21] Eudoxos achieved another significant result when he developed an exhaustion method preceding integral calculus, which could accurately calculate fields of curve-line patterns.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Even before him, for example, Democritos had attempted to calculate volumes of pieces using infinitesimal [22], but it was not until Eudoxos developed an exact of computation with infinitesimal quantities.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

He succeeded in proving the theorem that by subtracting from the given great at least half, from the remaining great at least half, and continuing the process, one obtains a number smaller than any number.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This means in current notation lim n → ∞ M (1 − r) n = 0 {\ displaystyle\ lim _ {n\ to\ infty} M (1-r) ^ {n} =0}, where M {\ displaystyle M} is the original suure and 1/2 ≤ r < 1 {\ displaystyle 1/2\ leq r<1}.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Eudoxos' pupil Menaikhmos discovered the cone cuts while studying the duplication of the cube.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[23] Hellenistic period (300—100 BCE)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In the late 3rd century BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Alexander the Great had united Greece, Egypt and the entire Middle East under his rule.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

As Hellenic and Eastern culture merged with each other, a new Hellenistic culture emerged.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

This influenced the development of mathematics such that the center of mathematics moved from Greece to Alexandria.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Hellenistic period is also said to be the Alexandrian period, and is considered the culmination of Greek mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[24] During this period, the famous mathematicians Eucliides (325—265 BCE lived.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

) [25], Archimedes (287—212 BC)


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

and Apollonios Pergan (circa 262—190 BCE).


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Eucleides is best known for his work Stoikheia, Alkeet¨.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The work is also known by its Latin name Elementa.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

It is the main source of information on ancient Greek mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Beginners is, as its name suggests, a textbook on the basics of mathematics, and does not deal with the most advanced mathematics of its time.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Eucleides has written his work on the basis of previous studies, and probably very little of its content is developed by him himself.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The merit of Eucliide lies in the logical structure of the book and in the quest for a clear representation of the fundamentals of mathematics, starting from certain axioms.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Although his logic does not meet the current standards of punctuality, it was entirely adequate for the mathematicians of antiquity.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Composed of 13 books, Elementa begins with plane geometry, incorporates the theory of comparisons developed on the basis of Eudoxos's definition of the relationship and the method of exhaustion, deals with number theory, and ends with the treatment of Plato's paragraphs.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Eucleides wrote other works that contained more of his own research, but these have mostly disappeared.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Citation by other sources suggested that he had studied at least cone cuts and developed some form of analytical geometry.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[26] Archimedes was not only a mathematician, but also an inventor and the first physicist in history to use mathematics as a starting point.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

With the exception of the Pythagorean theory of the influence of language length on pitch, all physics, until Archimedes, had been speculative and philosophical.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Using mathematics, Archimedes explained the law of lift and lever by which he could calculate the priorities of more complex pieces.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

By combining these, he was able to calculate how bodies and boats of different shapes float and thus laid the foundation of hydrostatics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Using his lever law, Archimedes developed the method of exhaustion at its peak, calculating, for example, the area of the sphere segment and the area left inside the spiral.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Archimedes was also the first to succeed in solving the real-valued roots of the general tertiary equation.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[27] Apollonio can be considered the greatest geometrician of antiquity.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Unlike Eucleides, he developed a huge number of proofs and new theorems of geometry himself.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Most of his work has been lost, but the most important, from the cone cuts, has been preserved.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In it, Apollonios shows how cone cuts can be processed in the plane and how all the taper cuts can be obtained from the same cone by changing the cutting angle.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

He is the first to use a coordinate system, but does not consider it an independent system, instead attaching to each cone cut as the diameter and tangent to the curve of the coordinate system.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

A good example of Apollonios's other geometric work is the problem of Apollonios named after him, whose hardest part, three circles tangential to circles, Apollonius himself could not solve.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In addition, Apollonius's merits include the idea of describing the motion of planets with epicycles.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[28] Roman period (100 BC.—529) Greece and the Aegean region were annexed in the 10th century BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Roman Empire.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

At the same time, the decline of Greek mathematics and became more practical also began.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Some scholars believe the reason for the recession was Rome's negative attitude towards the sciences.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The practical trend was evident as the development of trigonometry to meet the needs of astronomy and other measurement.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Trigonometry was especially developed by Hipparchus (180-125 BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

), who established the division of the circle into 360 degrees, and Ptolemy (85—165) [29], who made trigonometric formulas using trigonometric tables at intervals of a quarter of degree.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The tables were published in his most notable work in Almagest.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Greeks did not use trigonometric functions in the same sense as they do today, but for them the values of the functions were integrally related to the tendon of the circle corresponding to a given angle.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The Greeks were also familiar with all the major trigonometric formulas in use today, but used them in geometric form as different formulas for the tendons of the circle.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[30] Although mathematics did not interest Rome or the Romans, after a quieter period Greek mathematics rose to a new heyday in the 200th century.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

At that time, interest in number theory was revived after geometry was almost the only branch of mathematics studied for a long time.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The reason for this was the interest raised by Neo-Platonism in Pythagoreans' ideas about a world dominated by figures and the interest in algebra that spread in Babylonia with the Roman conquests.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The most prominent representative of the new trend was Diophantos (around 200—284) [31].


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

He is sometimes referred to as the father of algebra because he established the use of symbols in mathematics instead of the verbal instructions in use up to that point.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Diophantos studied indetermined equations and solved them exactly, though he was not interested in finding all possible solutions.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Instead of precise logic, Diophantos concentrated on solving problems in practice.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[32] In the field of geometry, the new rise of mathematics culminated in Pappos (290—350) [33].


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

He was the last notable geometrician of antiquity.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The most important of his publications was The Collection (Synagoge), in which he seeks to bring together the expertise of geometry at the time.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Due to its references, the work is a valuable source for previous developments in mathematics.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In addition, it contains Pappos's own research, mainly generalizations of previous geometric sentences and new proofs.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Furthermore, he posits the hypothesis that the three classical problems of geometry are not solvable by harp and ruler.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

It was not until modern algebra that allowed the hypothesis to be proven.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Pappos also proves in his book a theorem known as the Pappos-Guldin Theorem.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[34] After Pappus, the development of mathematics in Europe ceased for centuries.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

After him, only the most advanced mathematicians were able to fully understand the texts of antiquity and were content only to comment and explain them.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Alexandria's time as a centre of mathematics came to an end in 415 when Hypatia, who had defended old Hellenic values and paganism, was murdered by fanatical Christians, who was a learned mathematician.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Admittedly, the university, which was associated with the Library of Alexandria, had been closed even earlier, but the murder frightened other scholars who left the city.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[35] In Western Rome, the practice of mathematics had never attained significant status, and with the collapse of the empire, confusing conditions gave no opportunity for university activities.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Most distantly ancient mathematics lived in Byzantium, where, for example, Eutokios still made significant commentaries on the works of Archimedes and Apollonios in the early 5th century.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In Byzantium, Plato's Academy had survived as the centre of mathematics, but Emperor Justinian I abolished the college in 527, seeing its Neo-Platonist philosophy as a threat to Christianity.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

[36] Native American mathematics (500 BC.—1500) Mathematics did not have time to develop in the Americas well before the arrival of Europeans.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Many indigenous languages do not even have two larger number words; they are replaced by the concept of many.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In languages where there were more number words, the three, ten or 20 system was most commonly used.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

The most advanced processing of chapters developed in the Inca State and the developed Indian states of Central America.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

However, actual mathematics can only be talked about as far as the Mayan is concerned.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

Around the 5th century BCE.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

the Mayan numeral system introduced was the first complete place system in the world, and the Mayans thus used zero as the first in the world.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

In other respects, however, the Mayans were not on the same level as their contemporaries in Egypt or Mesopotamia.


Question: Who discovered the first mathematical equation?

History of mathematics

There was no algebra of any kind and mathematics was only used for practical purposes.