Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

At the request of Indira Gandhi, the President of India declared martial law in the country in the summer of 1975 due to the worsening economic situation and agricultural difficulties, India was under threat of famine.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

[5] [6] This led to the press and all criticism against the government being silenced and the imprisonment of considerable opposition leaders [5] Abandoning power and re-election in Indian agriculture finally yielded better harvests.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

However, the news did not improve Indira Gandhi's popularity in the March 1977 elections: the Congress Party received only 154 delegates.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Morarji Desai of the Janata Party (People's Party) rose to head the new government.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Gandhi was arrested on suspicion of corruption on 3 October 1977, but was released the following day [7].


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Indira Gandhi became re-elected Prime Minister in 1980.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

[8] Operation Blue Star and the assassination of Gandhi became the problem of the situation in Punjab.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Local regional leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale had been elected to head the local Congress from the Shiromani Akali Dal party.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Bhindranwale had been imprisoned in Amritsa, but upon his release 25 days later he, along with bodyguards, barricaded himself in the Golden Temple.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Gandhi gave the army the order to cleanse the Golden Temple of Bhindranwale and his followers on 3 June 1984.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Many Sikhs felt their sacred places had been desecrated.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

On 31 October 1984, she was assassinated in the garden of the Prime Minister's official residence by two of Indira Gandhi's Sikh bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Becant Singh.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Gandhi was walking after being interviewed by British actor Peter Ustinov for a documentary for Irish television.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Gandhi was returning down a side street with his guides Satwant and Becant, and when Gandhi had knelt down to greet them in the traditional manner, they fired at this with submachine guns.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Gandhi died en route to the hospital in an official car a few hours later.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Indira Gandhi is cremated on 3 November near Raj Ghat, in a place called Shakti Sthal.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

[9] [10] Recognitions India annually hands out the Indira Gandhi Peace Prize to a person who has promoted world peace and disarmament in the spirit of Indira Gandhi.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

In 2013, the award was received by German Chancellor Angela Merkel.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

[11] In recognition of her peace efforts, Indira Gandhi received the Lenin International Peace Prize in 1983 from the Soviet Union.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Barth, Reinhard| title = History greatwomen| location = Helsinki| publisher = Thought Books| year = 2005| version = (Frauen, die Geschichte machten.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Von Hatschepsut bis Indira Gandhi.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Finnish translation Tuulikki Virta, Katja Zöllner.


Question: Who killed Indira Gandhi?

Indira Gandhi

Opening words Arc Utrio| id = ISBN 951-20-6762-5}} Category:Indian Prime Ministers Category:Indian homicide victims Category:People born in 1917 Class:Persons who died in 1984 Class:Key articles of screening


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The European Parliament (abbreviation EP, informally also EuroParliament or EU Parliament [1]) is a parliamentary assembly of the European Union whose members, known as MEPs (MEP), are directly elected every five years.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

After the 2014 European Parliament elections, the parliament consists of 751 members.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[2] Parliament is, along with the European Commission and the Council of the European Union, the Council of Ministers, an institution involved in EU law.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament operates in three different locations and countries: Brussels (Belgium), Strasbourg (France) and Luxembourg (Luxembourg).


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

European elections are held every five years and at present in different Member States almost simultaneously, but the electoral system varies slightly depending on the Member State.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

A number of representatives are elected from each Member State proportionate to the population, in addition, each country has a couple of ground seats to ensure the representation of small Member States.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The delegates are grouped in Euro Parliamentary groups, not by member country.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

History The predecessors of the European Parliament were the General Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community, composed of representatives of the parliaments of the member states, and the Common European Parliamentary Assembly of the European Communities, assembled on the same principle.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Members of the European Parliament such as today, or MEPs, have been directly elected since 1979.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[3] The power of the European Parliament has grown over the decades.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

At first, Parliament was a purely consultative body.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

In the 1970s, along with the Council, it became part of the Union's budgetary decision-making, which was for a long time the only real power of Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

In 1980, as a result of the so-called “isoglucose case”, Parliament was given the opportunity to demand changes to the content of EU law as well.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The new power of the House was also strengthened by the democratic mandate achieved through direct elections.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

With the Single European Act, which came into force in 1987, the European Parliament began to develop into a real legislative body.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The co-operation procedure allowed Parliament to read a second reading of the legislative proposal.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The Maastricht Treaty, which entered into force in 1993, included a codecision procedure important for Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

In the 1999 Treaty of Amsterdam, Parliament and the Council became equal in terms of power, and Parliament's vote on the President of the Commission became binding.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[4] The European Parliament gained its current power in the Treaty of Lisbon, which entered into force in 2009.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The treaty effectively implements a bicameral system when deciding on European Union legislation, budgets or international agreements.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

With the agreement, Parliament gained much more influence in the legislature that began in 2009, such as the right to exercise real power over agriculture and fisheries policy, all justice and home affairs, and economic and monetary union legislation.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[5] Jurisdiction The European Parliament is an institution representing EU citizens, which forms the basis of democracy in the Union.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The European Parliament has broad powers and is fully involved in defining Union policy.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament draws up legislation, exercises budgetary and supervisory powers, participates in the process of revising the Treaties and referring cases to the Court of Justice.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[6] The accession treaties and all association agreements of the new Member States are subject to the approval of the European Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The procedure also applies, for example, to other international agreements where they have significant implications for the Union budget.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Furthermore, Parliament's approval is needed for legislative acts on the electoral procedure and where the Council wishes to establish that a Member State is clearly at risk of breaching the fundamental principles of the Union.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament can take the initiative to amend the Treaties of the Union and ultimately decide whether to convene a Convention to prepare amendments to the Treaties.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[6] The European Parliament shall participate in the adoption of Union legislation according to the legal basis of each act.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Today, Parliament is an equal legislator with the Council.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament participates in the EU legislative process according to the ordinary legislative procedure (former codecision procedure).


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The draft laws adopted by the Commission are considered and approved by Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament also has the right of initiative in legislative matters, which means that it can ask the Commission to submit a legislative proposal.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[6] Since the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon in 2009, Parliament has played an equal role with the Council in the annual budgetary procedure.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament is one of the two budgetary powers of the Union and is involved in the budgetary process from the preparatory stage, especially when general guidelines are drawn up and decisions on the quality of expenditure are adopted.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament shall adopt and monitor the implementation of the Union budget and give discharge.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliamentary approval is also required for multi-annual financial developments.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[6] Parliament has a number of means of enforcement at its disposal.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

It shall approve the President and members of the Commission appointed by the Member States.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

It has the potential to censure the Commission and force commissioners to resign.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The Commission and the Council must answer questions from Parliament during Question Time.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament may set up provisional commissions of inquiry on suspicion of infringements or grievances in the application of Union law.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament also controls the Common Foreign and Security Policy.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[6] If another institution infringes the Treaties, the European Parliament has the right to refer the matter to the Court of Justice.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament may support the claims of a party in a case pending before the Court.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Parliament also elects the European Ombudsman.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[6] Activities Political groups MEPs belonging to the same political family of the European Parliament form political groups which are re-formed after elections.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[7] The right and the Socialists are the largest groups in the European Parliament and share its main leadership seats.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Experienced parliamentarians from large countries or representatives of small countries who manage to obtain support from large countries are selected for leadership positions.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[8] Plenary session The plenary session of the European Parliament is the main political body of Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Plenary sessions take place in Brussels and Strasbourg every few weeks.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

All Members of Parliament have the right and obligation to participate in them.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[7] Conference of Presidents The second most important political body of Parliament is the Conference of Presidents, or Group Leaders.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

It is composed of the President of Parliament and the chairs of all political groups.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The Conference of Presidents shall make proposals and decisions concerning Parliament's political life if they do not belong to the plenary session.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[7] Bureau The Bureau of Parliament consists of the President, 14 Vice-Presidents and Quaestors with the right of presence and speech.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The Bureau makes decisions concerning the administration of Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The President of Parliament chairs the plenary session, the meeting of the group leaders and the Bureau and represents Parliament in its external relations.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[7] Committees for the preparation of plenary sessions of the European Parliament are divided into 20 standing committees specialising in various fields.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Subcommittees, committees of inquiry and interim committees may also be set up if necessary.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[9] The committees carry out the key legislative work of the European Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The committees consist of 25 to 71 members and, as a rule, their meetings are public.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Representatives of the same political group on each committee form a committee group headed and represented by a coordinator, the chairman of their own committee group.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[7] Rapporteurs For each matter to be prepared and decided in Parliament, a rapporteur shall be appointed, who is one of the Members of Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

He is responsible for the passage of the matter in committee and in the plenary session.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Things are often called by the name of the presenter.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[7] The official headquarters of the European Parliament is Strasbourg and has its seat in Brussels.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The Secretariat of Parliament is located in Luxembourg.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

In practice, Parliament meets in Strasbourg for only four days a month to conduct votes in plenary sessions.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Other plenary sessions, committee work and various hearings take place in Brussels, where Parliament has the largest number of facilities.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Multilingualism The European Parliament has 24 official working languages, which are the official languages of all Member States.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The parliamentary debates are interpreted and documents translated into each official language.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Even in committees, documents are translated into all languages, but interpretation is more limited for practical reasons.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Only a few working languages are used in political groups.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[10] Some 700 translators and jurist-linguists work in Parliament, as well as 330 interpreters, in addition to over 1,000 freelancer translators and interpreters.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Each year, more than 2 million pages of text are translated in Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

In 2016, an estimated 20% to 25% of the parliamentary budget involved languages and translation.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[11] The most essential reason for the breadth of language selection is the role of Parliament as a directly elected legislative body — no language requirements can be imposed on democratically elected MPs, and MPs must be able to communicate the work of Parliament to the electorate with these in their own language.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[12] European elections The European elections are held every five years.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

In them, citizens of the Member States of the Union elect their representatives to the European Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Elections are general and immediate.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Different electoral systems are used in different member countries.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Finnish elections are a combination of a personal election and a list election.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The next European Parliament elections will take place in all member countries over four days in May 2019.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The composition of Parliament Countries number of seats in the European Parliament is currently 751 members.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

EU countries have seats in the European Parliament as follows in the parliamentary term 2014-2019.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[13] Germany 96 France 74 Italy, United Kingdom 73 Spain 54 Poland 51 Romania 32 Netherlands 26 Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Czech Republic, Hungary 21 Sweden 20 Austria 18 Bulgaria 17 Slovakia, Finland, Denmark 13 Ireland, Croatia, Lithuania 11 Latvia, Slovenia 8 Cyprus, Luxembourg, Malta, Estonia 6 Countries do not correspond directly to the population, but smaller countries have more places in proportion than large ones.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Political groups MEPs are organised not by country, but under the symbols of the ten euro parties and seven continent-wide political groups.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

The groups have varied over time.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[14] Following the 2014 elections, the political groups in the European Parliament in order of magnitude are: [15] Group of the European People's Party (EPP) Group of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament (S&D) Group of European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) European Liberals and Democrats for Europe Alliance Group (ALDE) Confederal Group of the European United Left/Nordic Green Left (GUE/NGL) Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA) Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy (EFDD) Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF) Independents (NI) Awards awarded by Parliament The European Parliament awards four awards of recognition each year: the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought for the defence of human rights and freedom of expression, the Charles the Great Prize for young Europeans' projects, the European Citizen's Award for outstanding works by the EU in relation to citizen relations, and the Lux Award for Movies.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[16] Visitor Centre Parlamentarium Parlamentarium is a visitor centre of the European Parliament in Brussels.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

Its tour will showcase the stages of European integration and the activities of Parliament.


Question: How many districts does Serbia consist of?

European Parliament

[17] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Helin, Satu & Nurminen, Pekka| title = European Parliament| location = Helsinki| publisher = Publishing company Teos| year = 2017| isbn = 978-951-851-708-8}} References on the topic elsewhere conference rooms in Brussels () — Google Maps * Category:Screening Key Articles


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The history of the Finnish Air Force deals with the organization of the Finnish Air Force, equipment procurement and training and combat activities since the foundation of the Defence Branch in 1918.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Civil War White aircraft operations of the Finnish government, or the troops of the Republic of Finland, originated with aircraft left behind from the Swedish and Russian.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The forces of the Republic formed in January 1918 had no aircraft or pilots and in this case the military command asked Sweden for help.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

However, it did not provide assistance as a state and Swedish flight officers on active service were also banned from going to Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first plane, N.A.B.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Albatros was purchased with donation funds from the Swedes on February 20, 1918.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Six more Swedish aircraft were obtained during the war, the first Morane-Saulnier Parasol donated by Eric von Rosen on 6 March, which formed the anniversary of the Finnish Air Force.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The intention was to use aircraft as support for whites, but they were not suitable for the conditions of the Civil War.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

There were no Finnish instructors; the pilots and mechanics of the machines came from Sweden.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Lt. Bertel Mårtenson had received pilot training in Germany, but he remained in Germany for the duration of the civil war, among other things, to buy aircraft for Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

There were 29 Swedes in the Finnish Air Force during the Civil War: 16 instructors (4 trained as military pilots, of which 1 was a lookout), 2 lookouts and 11 mechanics 28 Finns: 4 instructors (Väinö Mikkola and Bertel Mårtensson trained as military pilots), 6 lookouts (as lookouts) trained by Arvi Pajunen), 2 engineers and 16 mechanics 7 Russians: 6 instructors, 1 lookout 2 Danes: 1 pilot, 1 lookout Air force operations were patchy reconnaissance until the German armed forces brought their own aircraft, but their use too was in terms of the course of the war irrelevant.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first airport in independent Finland was located in Kolho on the shore of the sawmill.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

A shed was built there to house three aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first aircraft was brought to Kolho by rail on 7 March 1918.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Ten days later, a plane took off at Kolho for the first time from the ice in Kaijanselä into the air.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1918, the Finnish Air Force received nine Stetin M-9 aircraft left behind by the Russians.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The first war flight was conducted in the direction of Lyly, where flight endoscopy was used to obtain data on the movements of the reds.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

As the fighting moved towards Tamperetta, the airport moved first to Orivede and then to Tampere Kaukajärvi.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The importance of the airgun in the Civil War was nonexistent.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Sure, the Germans had “plenty” of aircraft at their disposal, which were also used for combat flights in Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

From 10 March 1918, the Finnish Air Force was commanded by Swedish Lieutenant John-Allan Hygerth, who was dismissed on 18 April 1918 on the grounds of unsuitability to hold his post and numerous plane crashes.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The next commander was German Captain Carl Seber.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

He served as commander from 28 April 1918 to 13 December 1918.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the end of the war, the Air Force had 40 planes, including 20 war spoils (a figure higher than the number of machines of the Reds because the planes were found in Åland, among other places), five flown by Russian white-joined pilots from Soviet Russia, four donated by Swedes and eight Bought in Germany.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[1] [2] [3] Red Air Operations for the use of Finnish Reds who had risen to the anti-government insurgency had left twelve aircraft from former Russian military airports, most of them Stetin M-9 flying boats.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Reds established three air detachments, including the Northern Front subordinate to Tampere, Kouvola under the Central Front, and Vyborg, subordinate to the Eastern Front.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition to these, a flight school was established in March 1918 at Hermann Airport in Helsinki.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[4] Air operations began on 24 February 1918 when five Nieuport aircraft were sent from Vyborg to Riihimäki, where they arrived the next day.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Two planes were still sent to Tampere and three to Kouvola.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The planes sent to Tampere were Nieuport branded (one Nieuport 10 reconnaissance aircraft and another Nieuport 17 fighter aircraft).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Four Russian flight officers and six mechanics also arrived in Tampere.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

An aircraft took off from Tampere for the first time on 1 March 1918 from Naistenlahti.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[4] In addition to these machines, the Red Eastern Front Flight Section initially had two more aircraft at its disposal.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The second of them was destroyed by white cannon fire in April.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the rest of the machines, some fell into the possession of the Whites either already during the war or later after the end of the war.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Some of the planes were destroyed.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air operations encompassed reconnaissance, bombardment, flyer dissemination, and artillery fire lookout, but operations were ineffective on all fronts except occasional reconnaissance operations.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This was due to poor management, poor condition of machinery, poor machine maintenance, and indifference of Russian pilots.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[4] Inter-World Wars The first years of independence The first air bases of the Finnish Air Force were water aircraft bases left behind by the Russian Navy.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the civil war, the Germans had also operated water planes from Helsinki, Loviisa, Koivisto and Suursaari, among others.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The fleet was thus water-intensive and due to the scarcity of appropriations, water machinery emphasis also became evident in the development of the 1920s and in the purchases of equipment.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

As throughout the world after World War I, the Air Force was an overcrowded weapon species.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Arms appropriations were hardly invested in the Air Force because the decision-makers were from land and naval forces.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the time, the Finnish Air Force had an average of two pieces and ten different types of machinery.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

While German Carl Seber commanded the Air Force (28 April 1918 — 13 December 1918) four Friedrichschafen water reconnaissance aircraft and one Rumpler water fighter were acquired from Tallinn by German revolutionary matruuses from Tallinn.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Germany's defeat in World War I led to German advisers having to leave in late 1918.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After Seber, the commander of the Air Force became Lieutenant Colonel T.F.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Aminoff (13 December 1918 — 10 January 1919) and after him Lieutenant Colonel Sixtus Hjellmman, during which time the Air Force received its first fleet appropriations.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Chief of Staff, Jaeger Captain Bertel Mårtensson, had time to buy three Fokker D.VII fighter jets and two Albratros reconnaissance aircraft from Germany before the procurement powers were withdrawn from him.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The reason for the cancellation was French advisers coming to Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In April 1919, the French drew up a plan to equip the Finnish Air Force with French-wheeled machines.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

A compromise was reached in the case and 20 Breguet XIV ground reconnaissance aircraft and 12 Georges-Levy flying boats were purchased from France from France.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the latter, nine were destroyed within a short period of time and one was not flown at all.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1920, two Savoia S.9 flying boats were acquired in Italy with partial donation funds, which were destroyed in the Alps on 7 September 1920 during a transfer flight to Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1919, the Finnish Air Force supported the Soviet-Karelian expeditions with bombardment flights.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Aircraft of the English Navy conducted bombardment flights from the Finnish Air Force's Koivisto base at the same time.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

There were apparently no counter-strikes or fighter interceptions, a sign of the decadence of the Soviet-Russian air-gun.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Unrealized development plans of the 1920s 1917—1922 Soviet-Russian airgun decayed, but by the early 1920s it began to be developed, and it soon had 400 aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This was the only potential enemy for the Finnish Air Force.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Other types of weapons may have considered the Swedish threat, especially because of the Åland Issue, but the Finnish Air Force was very Swedish-speaking and pro-Swedish at the time.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Due to the decadence of the Soviet-Russian air-gun, the motley aircraft fleet of the Finnish Air Force of the 1920s was not a significant weakness militarily.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The commanders of the Finnish Air Force were, as a rule, former artillery officers and generally had not received flight training.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This led to an interest in bombers (the influence of Douhetism in Finland) in fleet selection, which was also a universal trend from the early 1920s to the early 1930s.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Development of new machines was slow throughout the world until the latter part of the 1920s.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At this time, among other things, the Soviet Union began to intensively develop the equipment of its air forces.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Some of the Finnish Air Force aircraft were designed in Finland since the early 1920s, some were purchased ready abroad and some were manufactured under license in Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Machinery was sourced from where they were obtained with the funds that were available.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During Major Arne Somersalo's term (26 October 1920 — 2 February 1926), the Air Force underwent several development programs of up to 10 years which were unable to be implemented due to lack of appropriations.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland already had experience in aircraft repair, assembly and small-scale construction activities (including floats of seaplanes in an aviation yard).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

On this basis, towards the end of 1920, planning for an aircraft factory began.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The point was to get equipment for the Air Force and save money, especially foreign currency.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The license for the Hansa-Brandenburg W.33 machine was acquired in 1921 and the aeroplane factory started operations in Suomenlinna the same year.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It built six Caudron G.3 school aircraft and 118 Hansa seaplanes for the Air Force between 1922 and 1926, among others.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[5] Somersalo invited one of the leading surviving fighter aces of World War I, Emil Thuy, as his advisor and fighter pilot trainer to Santahamina, as well as Utt.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the end of 1924, Thuy left for the Soviet Union to train future Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht)'s pilots.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[6] In 1924, 18 Gourdou-Leseurre GL-21 fighters and three Caudron C.59 and 30 Caudron C.60 training aircraft were acquired for the Air Force as a follow-up to the test aircraft purchased in France the previous year, of which the latter were additionally made under licence 34.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the same time, two prototypes of domestic fighter aircraft, the C.24 and C.25, were built by the aircraft factory, which however, due to a poor engine, did not end up in serial production [7] but rather the Air Force was procured Martinsyde F.4 Buzzard stock to replace the ageing Gourdou-Lesseure fleet in 1927.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1924, British advisers were invited to Finland, who were guided by the consideration of Finland's financial carrying capacity when making plans.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The British did, however, do a short-term programme based on one land and three sea bases.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The British themselves were moving to land planes, but they realized that Finland could not afford it yet.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This plan intended to be temporary was misunderstood as a longer period program and became influential in the development of the Finnish Air Force until the early 1930s.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The British plans did not please Somersalo, who resigned.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Between 1926 and 1927, three prototypes of the domestic IVL Falcon fighter aircraft were built by the aircraft factory, but in 1928 it was decided to acquire the licence of the British Gloster Gamecock II.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition to the test aircraft (GL-38) and model aircraft (GL-43) supplied by Gloster, the aircraft factory manufactured 15 serial aircraft between 1929 and 1930.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[8] It was decided to acquire 1925 Koolhooven FK.31 aircraft to replace the Breguet reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Two model aircraft arrived in Finland in 1926 and the aircraft factory built four license planes 1929—1930.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Following the delay of the Koolhovens, it was decided to replace the Breguet fleet to acquire eight Czech Aero A-11s as a temporary solution in 1927 and 16 Aero A-32 aircraft in 1929—1930 as a follow-up to that acquisition.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Dutch were unfit and those built domestically even worse.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The planes were removed from the books in 1932 after flying only a few hours.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[9] The next Air Force Development Programme was made during Colonel Väinö Vuorki's term as commander (3 December 1926 — 8 September 1932) in 1928, but even that was not formally confirmed as previous programmes.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Nevertheless, it was decided to replace the Hansa marine operations machinery with the Blackburn Ripon machine, for which a 1928 model machine and manufacturing licence were acquired.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In turn, late delivery of Ripon led to the development of the E.30 Kotka marine co-operation aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Ripons were produced between 1930 and 1934 in 25 three sets [10] and the Eagle was made in addition to the prototype a series of five machines in 1931.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[11] To replace the Caudron school aircraft, a licence for the de Havilland D.H.60 Moth machine was acquired in 1928.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[12] Eventually, the aircraft factory built 21 Moth between 1929 and 1930 and, in addition to the prototype, 32 Spains between 1930 and 1932.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[13] The gap between the Air Force and the General Staff became inflamed and so the General Staff drew up a programme of 17 squadrons and 221 aircraft in 1931, which was finally confirmed the following year by the Defence Council led by Mannerheim.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[14] The Air Force Base and Squadron System reformed a few times before World War II when its emphasis began to shift to fighter aircraft and the bases moved closer to the eastern border.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

1930s: 12 Squadron Plan The Air Force received from 1931 to 1933 only less than one-third of the funds required for its emergency program.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Colonel Jarl Fritiöf Lundqvist, commander of the Air Force from 8 September 1932 — 1 July 1945, made a limited programme of 12 squadrons to the Defence Council in May 1933, which would be implemented by 1938.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The intention was not to abandon the 17 Squadron program but to postpone the establishment of five squadrons until later.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[15] In 1933, the Air Force had only seven squadrons, one of which was a fighter squadron, three were land and three were maritime joint action squadrons.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the five new squadrons to be established, one was a fighter squadron and three were long-distance action squadrons.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1934, the number of destroyer squadrons was increased to three.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[16] Air Squadron 24 based at Ut had Gloster Gamecock fighters and in 1934 it was decided to acquire 17 Bristol Bulldogs for the new Air Squadron 26.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Before the Winter War Finland, like many other countries, was interested in fast bombers, which were believed to dominate future warfare, destroyers were not believed to have much importance (douhetism).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland, too, became interested in acquiring a fast bomber for its long-distance action squadrons.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After many phases, in October 1936, 18 Bristol Blenheim aircraft were ordered for Air Squadron 44 and in 1938 a licence to manufacture the machine was acquired.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In May 1936, four Fokker C.X crash bombers were acquired and a manufacturing license; 30 C.Xs were built by the aircraft factory in 1938 and five of the spare parts in 1942.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In November 1936, seven Fokker D.XXI fighters were acquired and a manufacturing license; 35 serial aircraft were built by the aircraft factory between 1938 and 1939 and 55 aircraft during the Intermediate Peace and Continuation War, mostly as reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Because of this, the modern English bomber Bristol Blenheim was in use by the Finnish Air Force at the start of the Winter War.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Bombers could be used to carry out bombing raids in support of ground force operations, but in the Winter War, the use of an air-gun against ground forces was not a factor greatly influencing the ground war.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Right at the end of the war, scramble against advancing enemy infantry was carried out by both fighter and bombardiers.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Until the very beginning of the war, a time of biplanes, open-cockpits, skis and fixed landing gear lived in destroyers.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In the Winter War, the fighter became the most important air weapon in Finland for good.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland skipped fighter jets in the months before the war, competing with Sweden, among others, for the American Seversky P-35 fighters, which Sweden had time to buy first.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish ambassador to the United States, Hjalmar Procope, allegedly negotiated both the purchase of machinery and a large loan from the United States in early 1939 and this equipment project fell in Finland to opposition from the left in government or parliament.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Although, the Seversky P-35 was found to be as unsuccessful in combat use as many other military aircraft designs designed in the early 1930s.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Thirty Curtiss-Wright CW-21s had also been negotiated in the United States in 1938.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The best equipment from the countries producing high-performance fighter jets (England, Germany) was not sold at all to neutral countries.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Germany was prepared to sell 50 Heinkel He 112 fighter jets to Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The plane had lost a shield from the Luftwaffe's main fighter role.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

E.Magnusson tested the He 112 aircraft in Rostock in 1938, the plane was exhibited at the opening ceremony of Malmi Airport, the 1938 aviation exhibition in Helsinki and was trialled at Ut.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air Force commander Lundqvist wasn't ready for the deal.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Among other things, the Romanian experience of the He 112 plane was stunningly bad.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the Winter War, arms support from foreign countries, which received great publicity, consisted mainly of live machines of their time.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

England plugged its donations to machines sold at inflated prices, for example 10 donated Gloster Gladiators connected to 20 purchased, ordered on 12 December 1939.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Donations England commanded their colony South Africa to deliver to Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The planes arrived in Finland from 18 January — 14 February 1940.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the Gladiators, 12 were destroyed in the air battles of February 1940 alone (plus one in an accident).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force's best fighter aircraft in the Winter War was the Fokker D.XXI.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was originally designed for Dutch colonial troops in Indonesia — therefore it had a fixed landing gear that lowered the plane's speed.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Fokkers' fighting capability was further worsened by the decision to install the 840 horsepower Bristol Mercury VIII engines technically compatible with Blenheimie engines on licence-produced machines in Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The machines manufactured by VL were also heavier than the original Dutch Fokkers.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Ski iconedoctrine was advantageous for Finland in the winter war because it was easier to make work fields for ski machines than for bike machines.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Fiat G.50 was the Finns' only modern machine.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was ordered on 23 October 1939 and Italy promised to deliver the machine by 15 November 1939.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Two planes made it through Germany to Sweden and from there to Finland before Germany blocked the export of machinery through it.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Italy retrieved the planes from Germany and sent them along the sea road to Sweden, from where the planes arrived in Finland towards the end of the Winter War.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Trainers sent by Italy also took part in war flights.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The plane was not designed for Arctic conditions and initially performed poorly in Finland's cold winter.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force had sufficient gasoline and bombs, but the “model Cajander” was in service until additional refresher exercises.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Instructors flew in peacetime only about 3—4 hours a month specifically to save costs.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The problem with cartridges was the diversity of aircraft machine gun types — different machines did not have the same cartridges used for guns of the same caliber.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Prior to the start of the Winter War, military pilots were also trained.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[17] Aircraft Winter War The Winter War began on 30 November 1939 with the Soviet Air Force bombing 21 localities in Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force had been placed on interceptor readiness on 7 October 1939.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The reservists arrived for additional refresher exercises on 14 October 1939.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the estimated 5000 aircraft of the Soviet airgun, about 700 fighters and about 800 medium-heavy bombers came to the Finnish front.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

They operate as fronts subordinated to the needs of the ground forces.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Bombing attacks on industrial towns and railway junction stations in Finland were not effective.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The combat strength of the Finnish Air Force at the beginning of the war was 17 bombers and 31 fighters.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[18] There were as many as 54 reconnaissance aircraft, although 20 of them were rather liaison planes.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

An Air Defence Headquarters had been established at the Air Force HQ, leading both anti-aircraft (it artillery) and air operations.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Force operated with a force of four air regiments.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish warfare command knew how Germany had destroyed most of the Polish air force to airfields.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Therefore, Finnish machines were distributed to many fields and fields hidden in forests.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At several bases, the planes had shrapnel shields.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Dummy paints were also built.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Russian attacks on airports weren't effective either.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air operations accounted for over 80% of the 105 days of the Winter War, as wintry weather was predominantly good flying weather.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The oil lubrication of the Fokker machine guns was switched to graphite when the war began, because when oil-lubricated, the machine gun jammed.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Also, Fiatie's castor oil lubrication was switched to engine oil due to the cold.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After the end of the Winter War on 15 March 1940, the Air Force (incl.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

fleet of Swedish volunteers) had 297 aircraft of which 225 were in operational condition.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[19] Air Force flying units lost 32 officers dead or missing and 11 wounded, 31 sub-officer dead and nine wounded.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Nine foreigners died; they were Danish, Swedish, Hungarian and Italian.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In total, 72 were killed in flight operations and 22 wounded.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In air raids carried out by the Russians on fields, three were killed and four Finns wounded.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Sixty-two aircraft were lost and 35 were damaged.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Forty-seven of the lost planes had been destroyed by the enemy (fighters shot down 35, anti-aircraft 8).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[20] Air Force aircraft in the Winter War Bombers were two types in the Winter War Fighter aircraft consisted of the following types School, reconnaissance, liaison aircraft and other non-combat aircraft describe the Finnish Air Force's attempt to overhaul planes from where to get.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The intention was to compensate for the ever-decreasing number of aircraft in the war, but ended up with significant maintenance problems due to, among other things, lack of spare parts and plane crashes as pilots flew to visit aircraft types.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the war spoils of the Winter War, only some of the war spoils of the Winter War were repaired to be airworthy by the spring of 1940.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Fighters were used to acclimatise their own pilots to enemy planes.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Most war booty fighters, because of their poor performance, didn't become like reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The bombers were used for bombing and maritime reconnaissance.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the intermediate peace, and especially during the Continuation War, the construction and refurbishment of war booty machines obtained in the Winter War, together with the spoils of war purchased from Germany, additional equipment suitable for operational use.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Dropped aircraft At the end of the Winter War, the Soviet Union had at its disposal on the Finnish front 950 bombers, 500 fighter aircraft, 120 reconnaissance aircraft, 100—200 maritime joint action aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[21] According to official Air Force drop statistics, 218 Russian aircraft are shot down by Air Force aircraft during the Winter War, seven of which were down-shot by Swedish volunteer Air Regiment 19.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Of the planes, 165 were bombers, 42 were fighters and 11 were light reconnaissance and jamming bombers.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[19] 11 bombers are missing from the machine-type distribution in the accompanying official statistic, which can be explained by the fact that the overall statistics have been corrected with post-confirmed drops.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition, anti-aircraft has reported shooting down 314 Russian planes.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

According to unofficial figures, the Finnish air force downed up to 280 Russian planes during the Winter War.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Troop detachments During the Winter War, and their deployments were: [20] Air Regiment 1, commanded by George Opas, LR1's HQ was at Imatra.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

LR1 included: Air Squadron 10, Lappeenranta, Puumala.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain K.W.Janarmo.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It had a fleet of 12 FK plunge bombing aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air Squadron 12, Isthmus, Suur-Merijärvi.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Major Arvo Nisonen.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its fleet included both plunge bombardment aircraft and fighter aircraft: It had 13 FK, during the war it received GL fighters.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Lentosquadron 14, Kannas, Laikako and Käkisalmi.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain Jaakko Moilanen.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It had crash-bombing aircraft and fighters: 4 FK, 7 FO aircraft and during the war it received GL Air Squadron 16, [22] Kuluntalahti, Värtsilä.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain Vilhelm Viherto.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It had joint action aircraft: 9 RI, FO, 5 JU, FK Air Regiment 2, with Lieutenant Colonel Richard Lorentz as its commander.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its headquarters were in the field of Immola.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

LR2 included: Air Squadron 22, Hollola.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Created at the end of the Winter War.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was equipped with destroyers received at the end of the war: BW, HC Lentolaivue 24, Immola, Lappeenranta, Suur-Merijoki, Joutseno, Lemi, Ristiina.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain G.E.Magnusson.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was equipped with the best flying weapon of the Winter War, 36 FR fighters Lentolaivue 26, Utti, Heinjoki, Raulampi.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its commander was Captain Erkki Heinilä.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was equipped with fighter aircraft obtained during the war: the GL, the FA, as well as the target towing aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It started the war with BU machines, nominally fighter jets, but obsolete.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air squadron 28, Säkylä airport, fighters: MS Air Regiment 4 Flight Regiment 42, Luonetjärvi, bombers: BL Lentolaivue 44, Luonetjärvi.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Commander Major Erik Stenbäck.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its fleet was bombers: 8 BL, DO Air Squadron 46, Luonetjärvi, Joroinen.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Commander Major Olavi Sarko.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The fleet included bombers: 6 BL F 19 *Air Regiment 19 (Flygflottilj 19), Kemi, Gloster Gladiator, Hawker Hart and Raab-Katzenstein RK-26 Tigerschwalbe Supplement Air Regiment 1 Training Squadron (Koul.Lv. /T-Lentor 1), Jämijärvi, Karvia and Parola, Joint Action Planes Replenishment Regiment 2 Air Squadron 29, Parola, fighters Replenishment Air Regiment 4 Training Squadron (Koul.Lv. /T-Lentor 4), Luonetjärvi, long-distance operating aircraft Naval Staff Air Squadron 36, Ruissalo, Pori.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Commanded by Captain Helmer Helenius.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Vuosaari, Mariehamn.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

As a fleet it had marine operations machinery: 6 RI.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Supplement Air Squadron 39, Pori, maritime intelligence aircraft Other Air War School, Kauhava Air Depot, Tampere Winter War Air War The Sunday of Destruction is the largest Russian aircraft bombing directed at Vyborg.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Other destinations were especially Tampere.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Due to poor air weather, the Winter War's air war did not get fully started until mid-December.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Anti-aircraft artillery operated on both sides effectively.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finnish artillery batteries had the sensitivity at the beginning of the war to fire on any airborne aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Among other things, Eino Luukkanen, who received the first Finnish aerial victory of the Winter War, was shot down for his own IT artillery.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Front bombardment was largely jamming bombardment by the Russians” light aircraft fleet, often during dark hours (“nerve saw”).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Its impact on the ground war was minimal.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The main combat mission of the Finnish Air Force in the Winter War consisted of complicating the task of Russian bombers and downfiring their protective fighters with their own fighter fleet.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland did not carry out any significant bomber attacks (compared to the Continuation War).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Reconnaissance flying was the Air Force's second largest anti in the war


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the end of the war, Finnish fighter aircraft, especially on Russian infantry soldiers advancing on the ice, made attacks to stop the enemy [19] [23] [24] Development of the air force fleet during the intermediate peace The air force's aircraft fleet increased despite moving older machine types to educational use or completely eliminating (=scrapping).


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Corps fleet also developed significantly qualitatively during the intermediate peace.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the outbreak of the Continuation War, the Finns had at their disposal a total of 307 aircraft distributed as follows (situation on 20 June 1941): [25] [26] 230 fighter aircraft, an increase over the situation at the time of the end of the Winter War by 97 aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Destroyers by type: 70 pcs Fokker D.XXI fighters 42 pcs Brewster fighter 39 pcs Morane-Saulnier fighters (more bought from German spoils of war, the rest of the additional batch of 24 pieces yet to come) 32 pcs Fiat fighters 16 pcs Gloster Gladiator fighters 13 pcs I- 15 fighters, Winter War spoils (8 pieces of Type I-153 and 5 pieces of Type I-15 or I-15bis) 9 pcs Hawker Hurricane fighter 8 pcs Curtiss Hawk fighters (also German spoils of war, coming another 36 pcs) 1 pc I-16 fighter (Winter War spoils) 41 bombardment planes, with an increase over the situation at the time of the end of the Winter War by 9 machines.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Bombing aircraft by type: 27 pcs Bristol Blenheim bombing aircraft 8 pcs SB-2 bombardment aircraft (Winter War spoils) 5 pcs DB-3 bombing aircraft (Winter War spoils) 1 pc Douglas DC-2 bombardment aircraft 36 reconnaissance and joint action aircraft with a reduction in winter war 30 machines in relation to the situation prior to the termination.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Reconnaissance and joint operations aircraft by type: 23 Fokker C.X machines 11 pcs Westland Lysander aircraft 2 pcs Koolhoven F.K.52 machines 252 training or training aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Continuation War Finland was better equipped for the Winter War.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Force had 550 aircraft at its disposal at the start of the war.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Finnish Air Force's activities were the acquisition of air supremacy at the beginning of the war, followed by fighter interceptors.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Until 1943, the American Brewster was the main destroyer.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The machine achieved world top results in the air war, although in the United States Navy the machine type was considered a failure.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Flying by a Finn, the plane had a profit ratio of 32:1.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The war was started on the Blenheimes.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In 1942, the medium-heavy bombers Dornier Do 17, acquired from Germany, which were Göring's gift to Finland, and the Junkers Ju 88 provided additional capacity for bombing.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

There were no major bombings before Tali-Ihantala like so called. Lavansaari revohka, where Air Force losses were disproportionately high.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Other bombing raids were directed at enemy trains, train tracks, airfields, and on a few occasions against ships.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Russian DB, DB and PE bombers were also in extensive use.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Operating Russian machines was inconvenient because manuals for operation and maintenance of the machines could not be obtained even when they were purchased in Germany.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The range of aircraft brands in the Finnish Air Force was uniquely wide on a global scale.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The reason for this was that machinery was being sought to fade around Europe and a number of unsuitable war spoils were introduced in an attempt to offset the machinery consumption of the war.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

One type used, the Hawker Hurricane, was a lived model of its time, even against the weakest Russian machines.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

According to Finnish fighter pilots, the Hurricane was the easiest of the destroyers used by the Soviet Union to shoot down.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Germany sold most of the war only fighter planes it received as spoils of war to Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

For example, Curtiss, Morane and even I-153 fighter jets were bought from Germany because nothing else could be obtained there.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Moraneakin was used for a long time as a fighter and battle losses are reflected in a victory ratio of only 5:1.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Many fighter and bombing aircraft of their time were reassigned as reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

However, the need for reconnaissance aircraft was minimal and there were, like earlier naval operations aircraft, numerous types of machinery.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finland attempted to build its own fighter aircraft during the war, but failed to do so.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The effort is understandable because efforts were made to reduce reliance on clammy German aircraft deliveries.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Prototypes were the wood-wing Brewster, or VL Humu, and the VL Cyclone based on the Messerschmitt engine.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The State Aircraft Factory (VL)'s own design led too late to the serial production of 30 planes of the VL Storm fighter.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The performance of the Morane fighters was boosted by switching to them a Soviet M-105 engine, the resulting Mörkö-Morane missed the end-of-war battles.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The efforts were to reduce dependence on Germany, but they did not fully redeem their promises.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The VL's anti to the Air Force was the rapid repair of damaged machinery, which enabled the engine strength to be maintained at an adequate level.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The level and amount of air force equipment decreased compared to enemy forces as the war wore on at the same rate as the Soviet Union began to push Germany from its territory.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The German Messerschmitt Bf 109 replaced the Brewsters only starting in 1943.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The summer of 1944 resembled the Winter War in terms of numerical force ratios, but the Soviet aircraft fleet was of higher quality than in the Winter War.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the end of the war, in supporting the ground battles of Tali-Ihantala and Vuosalmi, a German airborne detachment capable of effective bombardment, Kuhlmey, played a significant part.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The department's equipment included Junkers Ju 87 crash bombers, Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighter-bombers, and Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-8s for photographic and reconnaissance use of bombing targets.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In more critical investigations of recent times, some of the alleged achievements of Air Division Kuhlmey such as destroying armour have been called into question.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[27] Aircraft Fighters Brewster B-239 Caudron-Renault C.R.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

714 Curtiss Hawk H-75 A-2 Gloster Gauntlet II Hawker Hurricane I Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-2/6/8 (30 pieces 1943; 159 total) VL Humu fighter aircraft VL Storm fighter aircraft VL Cyclone or VMT Cyclone (fighter prototype) The most important of the bombers were Dornier Do 17 and a Junkers Ju 88.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Naval operations aircraft were also used for bombing.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Dornier Do 17 Z (bomber; 15 pieces as a gift from Reich Marshal Hermann Goering 1942) Junkers Ju 88 A-4 (bomber 24 pcs; 1943—) Høver M.F.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

11 (naval action aircraft, 3 pcs, 1940—1944) SB-2 in anti-submarine combat equipped with depth charge bombs.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Also used for ground bombing.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Other aircraft served as liaison, transport, reconnaissance and school aircraft Airspeed A.S.6E Envoy (1 pc, liaison plane, 1942—1943) Beechcraft B17L, 1 pc Air Force Staff liaison aircraft, 1940—1945 Cessna C-37 (1 pc, liaison plane, 1939—1944) Desoutter II Dornier Do 22Kl Fairchild 24G (1 piece, liaison machine, 1939—1941) Focke-Wulf Fw 44 J Stieglitz, (1940—1960) Focke-Wulf Fw 58 Weihe, 1 pc, 1943-1944 Fokker F.VIIa, 1 piece in ambulance use 1941—1943 Fokker F.VIII, 1 piece as freight and ambulance machine 1940—1941 Hanriot H.232.2 (2 pcs, 1942—1943) Heinkel He 59 (4 Hire aircraft from Germany in 1943) Heinkel He 115 (3 pcs, 1940—1944) VL Pyry (training fighter) Westland Lysander I (liaison aircraft; 12 pcs) Continuation War spoils Beriyev MBR-2 (war booty, flying boat) Curtiss P-40M Warhawk fighter Ilyushin DB-3 and Il-4 (DB-3F) bombers Polikarpov I-152 (I-15bis) (5 pieces as spoils of war, obsolete fighter jets) Polikarpov I-153 fighter aircraft, which was fighter technology of the early 1930s, had 11 pieces, one of which had been obtained as spoils of war and ten purchased from the spoils of war of the Germans apparently as some kind of clutch dealer.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Polikarpov I-16UTI (1 piece as spoils of war in September 1941, training fighter) Polikarpov U-2 (since 1944 Po-2) (war booty, liaison plane) Petlyakov Pe-2 and Pe-3 (8 pieces of war, bomber) Šavrov Sh-2 (war booty, flying boat) Lavotsk Lagg-3 (war booty), Forced landing, destroyer) Dropped aircraft Also, the Soviet Union modernized its fleet at the time of the war.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Airacobras were imported from the United States and Hurricanet from England, but some of the Soviet Union's own planes (MiG-3 and Lagg-5 fighters and the Il-2 ground combat aircraft) were more high-performance than them.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

AR-2 (crash bomber version of SB-2) ARK-3 Bell P-39Q Airacobra Bell P-63 Kingcobra Beriyev MBR-2 Curtiss P-40 Douglas A-20 Boston Focke-Wulf Fw 189 GST Hawker Hurricane Heinkel He 111 Ilyushin DB-2 Ilyushin DB-3 and Ilyushin DB-3f Ilyushin Il-2 Yakovlev Yak-1 Yakovlev Yak-4 Yakovlev Yak-7B Yakovlev Yak-9 Lavochkin La-5 or Lagg-5 Lavochkin Lagg-3 MDR-6 MiG-1 MiG-3 North American P-51 Mustang Petlyakov Pe-2 Petlyakov Pe-3 (fighter version of Petlyakov Pe-2) Polikarpov I-15BIS Polikarpov I-16 Polikarpov I-153 Polikarpov U-2 (elementary school aircraft) R-5 R-10 R-Z Supermarine Spitfire Tupolev SB-2 Tupolev SB-3 Tupolev SB-4 Troop divisions During the Continuation War and their deployments were (14 February 1944): Air Regiment 1 Reconnaissance Flight Squadron 12, Nurmoila, Fleet: FK, FR Fighter Fighter Squadron 32, Nurmoila, as stock: CU, LG Air Regiment 2 Reconnaissance Air Squadron 16, [22] Hirvas, as stock: FK, GL, LY Fighter Fighter Squadron 28, Hirvas, as stock: MS Air Regiment 3 Fighter Squadron 24, Suulajärvi Airport, as stock: BW Fighter Aircraft Squadron 26, Kilpasbridge, as fleet: FA Fighter Aircraft Squadron 34, Kymi, Malmi, as stock: MT Air Regiment 4 Bombardment Air Squadron 42, Värtsilä, as stock: BL Bombardment Air Squadron 44, Onttola, as stock: JK Bombardment Air Squadron 46, Mensuvaara, as stock: DN, DB, DF Bombardment Air Squadron 48, Onttola, as fleet: BL, PE Air Regiment 5 Bombardment Air Squadron 6, Nummela, Malmi, Santahamina, Turku, as stock: SB, DR, RI Fighter Squadron 30, [28] Malmi, Römpötti, Utti, as stock: IT Separate units Reconnaissance Air Squadron 14, Tiiksjärvi, Equipment: FO, FR, MS Supplementary Flight Squadron 17 Supplementary Flight Squadron 35, Vesivehmaa Ilmaotakoulu, Kauhava Test Squadron, Tampere, Kuorevesi Test Squadron, Kuorevesi, Halli Lentodepot 1, Tampere Air Depot 2, Halli Continuation War Air War Soviet aerial bombing started the Continuation War after Adolf Hitler's radio speech.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After this, the air war awaited the start of the offending of the Finnish land forces.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Even now, the ground war had little regard for air warfare other than air reconnaissance.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Along the position warfare phase of the Continuation War, the Finnish Air Force operates with fighter armament in an attack form in the vicinity of Leningrad and in defensive form while the Russians carried out bombing of industrial cities.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition to destroying trains on the Muurmann line and cutting the line, Finland performed little offensive operations.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Reconnaissance and maintenance of the remote patrol force were part of this side.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The bombardment of Lavansaari was the largest bombardment offenwing in Finland, which did not pay off but resulted in a large loss of equipment.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the war, the Finnish Air Force had a peculiar way of transferring even good fighter pilots as instructors of bombing and reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

They knew as fighter pilots how easy, say, I-15 or slow bombers is to shoot down and this undoubtedly led to quite a bit of mental pressure.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Germany did not sell Me 109 fighters to the Finnish Air Force until 1943.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was correctly timed in terms of Finnish air defences, but the tether to Germany was short.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Even tools for servicing machines had been supplied very scarce.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

As machines operated from so-called work fields, this created delays for damage repair to the machines.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The air war with destroyers became more difficult in 1944, especially in the summer with the onset of the Soviet major offensive.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Russians' own fighter fleet was the standard of Mercedes and the Russian pilots' allure to the Spanish ring and other horizontal arc manoeuvres that were not at all suited to the fast, high-wing-load destroyers on which World War II was warred.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

During the major attacks, the Soviet Union used so-called peace-forcing in the three-day bombings of Helsinki with the help of several hundred bombers.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The bombing failed due to anti-aircraft protection and because the Russians dropped the bulk of bombs before the city perimeter.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

At the Battle of Talin—Ihantala, German Luftwaffe FW 190 and Ju 87 infantry aircraft participated in the fighting that led to repelling a major Soviet offensive.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

[29] [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] Lapland War Air Group Sarko Air Force Commander General Jarl Lundqvist ordered Special Staff Sarko commanded by Colonel Olavi Sarko on 5 September 1944 to prepare an air war against the Germans from the southern half of the Ouluriver—Oulujärvi Line airports of operations.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The staff was based from Iisalmi in the beginning.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After the beginning of air warfare operations, Air Group Sarko was formed on 6 October 1944.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

On 15 September, the deadline of the terms of the armistice imposed by the Russians for the removal of the Germans from Finland was expired.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

From Karelia, Hanko and Pori, the Germans left by that day.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Germany attempted the takeover of Suursaari through the invasion of Suursaari on that day.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Germans of the large Luftwaffe depot, which was located in Pori, mined and disembarked from Pori mostly by ships.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The field bracketing had been done professionally - most buildings cleared by the Finns exploded starting at 18:50 to undiscovered bombs.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The danger zone in the field had been reported to the Finns and the mining was done in such a way that the explosions did not damage the nearby hospital.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The runway was completely destroyed.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The goods saved by the Finns belonged to the Soviet Union according to the peace treaty.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Sarko became the 15th of September.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Northern Finland Air Command.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Two squadrons were set to operate on the western side of northern Finland and another two squadrons on the eastern side.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air Regiment 2 relocated to Nerkoose, its one Brewster squadron subjected to Sarko.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Force had 48 aircraft in service in Lapland, of which 39 were in operational order at the start.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Fields at the beginning of the Lapland War occupied by the Finns were the following fields Nerkoo, whose runway was short.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The runway at Oritkar in Oulu was short.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Paltamo, which was of sufficient size.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Air Squadron 14 relocated there.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Rautavaara, whose runway was short.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Rissala (in Kuopio) was a suitable field for the heaviest bombers in the Air Force, but originally far from bombing targets.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Vaala, whose runway was immediately resumed.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Ylivieska, whose runway was short.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Most of these pitches did not have hangars for machines.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The Air Force did not have radio navigation transmitters in northern Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Among other things, the well-equipped fields of Kemi and Rovaniemi, radar and about 100 aircraft were in German hands.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The commander of Luftflotte 5, which operated in Finland, was General Josef Kammhuber.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The main targets for bombing the Finns were German motorized units, 200,000 infantry soldiers and troop routes.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The course of the war on September 19, an intermediate peace treaty was signed in Moscow.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

On September 30, the Allied Control Commission asked the Air Force a series of questions that were to be answered on October 1 at 6 p.m.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The questions concerned both the Air Force and the Luftwaffe troops in Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

This meant that the Germans' withdrawal had to begin to be accelerated.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

On October 2, the Air Force handed over the airfields of Kotka, Hanko and Turku to the Russians.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Headquarters asked the Air Force at the same time similar questions.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Lundqvist replied that Kem could only be bombed by heavy bombers, mostly from Rissala.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Only MS (mainly Mörkö-Morane machines), BW and CU machines could be deployed from the fighters - only once the Paltamo and Vaala fields had been extended or once Kemi has been overrun could MTs be deployed.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

In addition to the Lapland War, the Air Force had to be ready to respond to possible Russian military measures in Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

That's why MT fighters were not sent to the Lapland War at all.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

October 1944 On 1 October General Hjalmar Siilasvuo led the invasion of Tornio.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

It was the end of the war under the gentleman's agreement.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The operation involved quite a few risks — the Finnish landings were on a 100-kilometre sea voyage without air cover.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The invasion was successful because bad weather prevented the Germans from flying too and because the landings came as a surprise to the Germans.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

After the invasion, Tornio was bombed by the Luftwaffe Stucas.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The bombing occurred appropriately for Finland, as there were plenty of foreign journalists present to witness Finland's new role in World War II.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Finnish air defenses were unable to counter civilian casualties from the bombing.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

However, actual warring had begun as early as 15 September 1944, when the Germans attempted to conquer Suurisland/Suuriska in the Gulf of Finland.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

The German losses soared in fall and surrender to another thousand.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

Indeed, the operation is regarded in some contemporaries as the most futile battle of World War II.


Question: When was Finland's first aircraft completed?

History of the Finnish Air Force

On 2 October, reconnaissance flights were made by Petlyakov and Blenheim bombers of the Finnish Air Force over Kemi, Tornio and Rovaniemi.