Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[9] The MPs Esko-Juhani Tennilä, Mikko Kuoppa and Veijo Puhjo were dismissed from the parliamentary group immediately at the beginning of the 1995 term against the voted government.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

These then established their own parliamentary group, the Left Group (Va-r).


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Before the next parliamentary elections, however, the rebels were accepted back and put up as candidates.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[10] After the parliamentary elections of 2003, the Left Alliance was unable to enter the government — even if there were desires [11] — since Anneli Jäätteenmäki's government was made more narrowly based red-multa government than predecessors.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The project to unite Viialainen, former party secretary of the Left Alliance (1990—1995) and deputy leader of the SAK, Matti Viialainen, founded the Association Left Together in 2005 to promote the merger of the two major left-wing parties.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Viialainen had often presented the same in the past.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Prior to the establishment of the association, a memorandum written by Viialainen and Timo Roppola was circulated in left-wing circles.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[8] In discussing the memorandum, the party government considered that there were no proper grounds or support for amalgamation.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[12] Viialainen finally resigned from the Left Alliance in the spring of 2006 after considering “moderate forces to defeat in the party”.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[13] Simes' resignation In March 2006, Siimes, who has led the Left Alliance since 1998, unexpectedly announced his resignation from office.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The chairman, mired in dissent with his party, pointed his blaming finger at the “former Taisists” of the left-wing alliance who he felt were holding back necessary reforms.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[14] Siimes had frequently criticised his comrades in public before, but the culmination point was the position taken by the party's parliamentary group in dealing with the Crisis Management Act.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The majority of the group insisted that EU combat forces should be authorised by the United Nations or the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe for Finns.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[15] Suvi-Anne Siimes delivered her formal resignation notice to a meeting of the party board on March 2, 2006.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The government that granted the resignation decided to present an extra party conference to the party council, which meets in April, for May.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[16] The election of the President in spring 2006 and summer 2007 as the new President of the Left Alliance was elected at an extraordinary party conference held in Tampere on 13 May 2006 by the MP and former Minister of Municipalities Martti Korhonen.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Paavo Arhinmäki, a 29-year-old Helsinki-based parliamentary aide, took second place in the voting.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the second round, Korhonen received 273 and Arhinmäki received 150 votes.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Markus Mustajärvi (69 votes), Katja Syvärinen (55 votes) and Erkki Virtanen (21 votes) participated in the first round.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[17] At the Annual Party Conference in summer 2007, Korhonen was elected unanimously for the extension term without a candidate.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Instead, the vice-presidents were voted on: the Helsinki-based MP Paavo Arhinmäki was elected as the first vice-president and Aino-Kaisa Pekonen, a local nurse and city councillor, Aino-Kaisa Pekonen, as the second vice-president.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Sirpa Puhakka was elected party secretary and Katja Syvärinen as chairman of the party council.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

On 10 June 2009, the President Martti Korhonen announced his immediate resignation from the seat of President of the Party.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Paavo Arhinmäki, the first vice-president, took charge.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[18] The new chairman was elected at an extraordinary meeting of the party council held on 27 June, where Arhinmäki defeated Merja Kyllösen by a vote of 34 to 20.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[19] Resumed as the governing party after the Parliamentary Election 2011, the Left Alliance joined the Katainen government, where it gained two ministerial seats.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Chairman Arhinmäe became Minister of Culture.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

MPs Markus Mustajärvi and Jyrki Yrttiaho, elected from the Left-wing Alliance lists, voted to distrust Katainen's government and were expelled from the parliamentary group.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

They then formed the Left Group, but have not sought the establishment of a new party.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[20] Solutions to the Spring 2014 frame dispute resulted in the party feeling unable to continue in government.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[21] Arhinmäki justified the resignation by the fact that the government is undermining the position of the lowest earners while raising taxes less than making cuts.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[22] Name and symbols The emblem of the Left Alliance from 1996.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The emblem of the Left Alliance until 2018 [23].


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The emblem of the Left Alliance since 2018 [24] Structure and Organization Institutions of the Party The highest deciding body of the left-wing alliance is the biennial party congress, whose task is to elect for the party a chairman, two vice-presidents, party secretary, party government and party council.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

At the meetings, party programs and documents are approved.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Between party conferences, the highest decision-making power is exercised by the biannual party council and the monthly party government.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Parliamentary Group The Left Alliance in Parliament is represented by the Left Alliance's parliamentary group.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The parliamentary group acts as a collaborative body of MPs from the Left Alliance.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The importance of the parliamentary group in parliamentary work is central: the meetings discuss current political issues and form positions on the matter before Parliament.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The parliamentary group of the Left Alliance constitutes 12 MPs in the Riksdag 2015—2019.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The group is chaired by MP Aino-Kaisa Pekonen.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[25] District Organizations The organizational structure of the party consists of local, district and central levels.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The Left Alliance has 13 district organizations.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[26] Helsinki Left Alliance Häme Left Alliance Kainuu Left Central Finland Left Southeast Finland Left Alliance Left-wing Left-wing Lapland District Pirkanmaa Left Ostrobothnia Left North Ostrobothnia Left Satakunta Left Alliance Savo-Karelian Left Association Uusimaa district organisation Southwest Finland Left Alliance Related organisations The Left Alliance is Left Women's Organisation.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Youth work is carried out by independent, independent Left Youth and early youth work by the Association of Pioneers for Democracy in Finland.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Nearby Communities The Left Alliance's civilisation organisation is the People's Association for Civilization.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The People's Archives, a private central archive open to all, is the main archive of the Left Alliance and its predecessors.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Media The main voice supporter of the party is People's News, which airs once a week on paper and daily online.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The magazine, which began its appearance in 1957, was made a voice supporter of the party in August 2000, [27] but in practice the magazine played a similar role in the 1990s as well.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Regional magazines close to the Left Alliance include Satakunta Work in Pori and People's Tahto in Oulu.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The Swedish-speaking left is served by Ny Tid.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The Left of Pirkanmaa publishes the online magazine Left Kaise, which is done entirely by voluntary force.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[28] The Left Alliance previously published the online magazine Verstas (2004—2009) and the party's parliamentary group the information magazine Vau! [29].


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

International Memberships The Left Alliance joined the European Left Party in 2009.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the European Parliament, the party belongs to the European United Left/Nordic Green Left (GUE/NGL) group.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the Nordic Council, the Left Alliance is active in the Left Socialist Green Group (VSG).


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

On February 1, 2004, the Left Alliance was establishing the Nordic Green Left Alliance (NGLA) in Reykjavík along with Brotherhood parties from Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Denmark.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[5] The Left Alliance is a member of the New European Left Forum (NELF), founded in 1991, whose twice-yearly meetings have also been held in Finland.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Political Agencies and Objectives Parliamentary elections programme 2019 Parliamentary elections 2019 The leading themes of the Left Alliance are stopping inequality, fair fight against climate change and new work.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[4] If the Left Alliance were allowed to decide, the next government would cancel the active model, restore subjective day-care entitlement and by no means cut social security for the lowest income Finns.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[30] Stopping inequalities According to the Left Alliance, when social and health care is reformed in the 2019 parliamentary term, the starting point must be taken that everyone is guaranteed a minimum level of access to a doctor free of charge per week.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[4] The left-wing alliance wants to curb rising rents in growth centres.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[4] In its electoral programme, the party also offers ways to address the crisis-hit situation in elderly care: a left-wing alliance would improve the caretaker status of service houses and home care, and establish the post of Commissioner for the Elderly to ensure the delivery of services for older people.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[4] The fight against climate change The fight against climate change, according to the Left-wing Alliance, should not make Finland an unequal issue, but must involve everyone in the climate.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

According to party chairman Li Andersson, many Finns have a fear that measures to mitigate climate change will increase inequality.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The aim of the left-wing alliance is to resolve the climate crisis so that the end result is a more equal and better able society.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[4] In the election programme, the Left Alliance raises climate change investment in rail and other emissions-free transport as one solution.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

According to Andersson, not all Finns can afford to acquire an electric car and wealth must not become an obstacle to participation in climate change, but everyone must have the opportunity to contribute to climate change mitigation.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[4] New work The Left Alliance would create new work in Finland by raising funding for research development and innovation, supporting self-employed people and small entrepreneurs, and improving the opportunity for every Finn to update their skills throughout their working career.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party would also improve educational equality through free secondary education and compulsory education continuing to 18 years.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[4] Basic Security The left-wing alliance would reverse the cuts made to basic security in recent years and then merge the various benefits into one basic security, the level of which would be increased to €800 per month.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party would eventually convert basic security into a gratuitous basic income for everyone, but not in the legislature yet to begin.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[31] Funding Objectives The increases in social benefits demanded by the party would cost around 1 billion euros per year, according to calculations by the Left-wing Alternative Budget.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The left-wing alliance would clamp down on the progression of earnings and capital gains taxation, as well as introduce a wealth tax.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In addition to tax income on high earners, the left-wing alliance would tighten, among other things, dividend taxation for unlisted companies and inheritance and gift tax, introduce mining and air taxes, eliminate the entrepreneurial deduction and cut environmentally damaging subsidies by half a billion euros.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[31] Goal Programme 2016-2019 In its Goal Programme, the Left Alliance aims to improve the well-being of society, environmental and economic sustainability, equality between people, freedom and access to work and livelihood.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The left-wing alliance's economic policy tendency is to support stimulus, that is, public investment.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[3] Municipal Elections Programme 2017 The party went to the 2017 municipal elections under the motto Safe Future is done now.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the elections and the next council term, the goals of the Left Alliance are the best school in the world and free early childhood education for all, affordable housing and a good environment, and good health and social care services for all.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

For example, the left-wing alliance calls for reasonable group sizes, care for staff and pupils to cope, quality for construction, art and green spaces for streetscape, energy wisdom for municipalities, promotion of public transport, walking and cycling, shorter queues for services, more even Distributed well-being, safe and dignified ageing with adequate caregivers, reserving proper resources for preventive child protection and family work, listening to people in matters concerning them, eliminating health centre fees, public provision of services the power of jointly and democratically elected regional decision-makers.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[32] Programme of Principles 2007 The Programme of Principles adopted in June 2007 defines the Left Alliance as the core values of equality, freedom and sustainable development and places the party in the third left.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The main voice supporter of the party is People's News.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The chairman of the party is Li Andersson, who was elected chairman after a consultative membership vote.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[33] The 2007 Programme of Principles continues the red-green and pan-left agenda of the 1998 party conference.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Prior to this, the party had no formal programme of principles.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

According to the party's programme of principles, three fundamental values can only be promoted in democracy, which must be strengthened.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The Third Left Alliance Principles Programme describes as follows: “The Third Left is the idea of a historical union of liberalism and socialism of great European political causes to build a better world.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Feminist thinking and environmental consciousness are central to the Third Left's idea world.” [34] In its programme of principles, the party wants to challenge global capitalism by presenting it with a solidarity and sustainable alternative.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

This requires a fair global economy and more democracy.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party is also concerned about rising inequality in Finland.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In order to develop a welfare state and a treaty society, the party declares its desire to limit the domination of capitalism.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

According to the programme, a strong counter-force from the trade union movement is needed to speculate on snippet, part-time and rental jobs and worsen the conditions of employment.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The left-wing alliance also wants to promote equality and equality between people in the family, work and society in general, so that rights, opportunities and obligations do not depend on gender or sexual orientation.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The Left Alliance welcomes immigrants to Finland as full citizens in Finland.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party emphasizes the right to work and livelihood for all.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

According to the Programme of Principles, the Left Union is not enough simply to achieve equality of opportunity, but to pursue equality in everyday life.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Religions the party is neutral, no one should be discriminated against because of religious belief according to the party.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In 2011, Paavo Arhinmäki, president of the Left Alliance, also took a position to improve the position of small entrepreneurs.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Pursuing the best interests of working people according to the old model of thought is no longer the only goal for which the left-wing alliance is pursuing.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party called for stronger legislation than current to allow entrepreneurs living by their own work to act as equals relative to companies controlled by large capital.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[35] Mr Arhinmäki also proposed international agreements that prevent tax havens gnawing on the financial base of welfare states, which he says are exploited by large corporations and large capital.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In addition, according to Arhinmäki, practical improvements are needed in the everyday life of entrepreneurs.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Most central, he considered improving social security for entrepreneurs through, among other things, easier access to the District of Unemployment Security.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[36] The Left Alliance advocates an end to fur farming in Finland.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[37] European Union According to a 2008 opinion survey, left-wing allies are the most anti-EU after basic Finns.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[38] Left-wing allies are more negative than other parties on the use of the euro as a currency.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Less than a quarter think the euro is a good thing.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[39] The Left-wing Alliance has campaigned for a social Europe, meaning that the integration of the European Union should also take account of social issues and that integration should not only be done on economic terms.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Young Left-wing supporters are more accepting of older EU supporters.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Energy policy At the 2007 party conference, the Left Alliance recorded a call for a phase-out of nuclear power and fossil fuel use in its programme of principles.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

As recently as 2001, the trade union wing tried to push through a positive nuclear position at the party conference, but it lost the vote.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In 2007, 68% of supporters of the Left Alliance opposed increasing energy dependence on Russia.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Among all Finns this was opposed by 84%.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[39] Supporters Members The Left Alliance currently has about 10000 members.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[40] 1998 the party declared a membership number of 14000.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[5] Notable politicians PresidentsClaes Andersson1990—1998Suvi-Anne Siimes1998—2006Martti Korhonen2006—2009Paavo Arhinmäki2009—2016Li Andersson2016→Vice-PresidentsSalme Kandolin1990—? Kari Uotila1990—1993Katja Syvrinen1992—19951 Suvi-Anne Siimes1995—19981 Jorma Vokkolainen1998—20011 Matti Huutola2001—20041 Risto Kalliorinne2004—20071 Paavo Arhinmäki2007—20091 Risto Kalliorinne2009—20131 Aino-Kaisa Backonen2013—20161 Hanna Sarkkinen20161 6→2 Martti Korhonen1995—19982 Esko Seppänen1998—20012 Minna Sirnö2001—20072 Aino-Kaisa Pekonen2007—20132 Sari Moisanen2013—20162 Juho Kautto2016→3 Kalle Hyynen2013—20163 Veronika Honkasalo2016→Party SecretariesMatti Viialainen1990—1995Ralf Sund1995—2001Aulis Ruuth2001—2007Sirpa Puhakka2007—2013Marko Varajärvi2013—2016Joonas Leppänen2016→ Presidents of the parliamentary group Esko Helle (1990—1997) Martti Korhonen (1997—1999, 2004—2006) Outi Ojala (1999—2004) Annika Lapintie (2006—2015) Aino-Kaisa Pekonen (2015—) Inna Ilivitzky (1999) Esko Seppänen (1996—2009) Marjatta Stenius -Kaukonen (1995—1996) Outi Ojala (1996—1999) Merja Kyllönen (2014—) Current MPs See also: List of MPs Li Andersson Paavo Arhinmäki Katja Hänninen Anna Kontula Annika Lapintie Silvia Modig Markus Mustajärvi Jari Myllykoski Aino- Kaisa Pekonen Hanna Sarkkinen Matti Semi Kari Uotila Electoral History The Left Alliance participates in parliamentary, europarliamentary and municipal elections on its own lists.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the presidential election, the party last fielded its own candidate in 2018, what preceded its own candidates were from 2012 and 1994.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The left-wing alliance also participates in elections for trade unions and cooperatives.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Parliamentary elections Support for the Left Alliance is strongest in Northern Finland, Lapland and Oulu constituencies, where it is the second largest party after the Finnish Centre.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party has MPs from eleven constituencies.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

There have never been representatives from Southern Savo and North Karelia.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the Vaasa constituency, the Left Alliance has not gained an MP since the 1995 elections.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The number of votes received by the left-wing alliance in parliamentary elections has fallen continuously since the 1999 elections.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Municipal elections The Left Alliance has councillors in more than two hundred Finnish municipal councils.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The Left Alliance is the largest party in the cities of Kemi (34.6% of votes in 2008) and Karkkila (32.8%).


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the 2008 elections, support for the Left Alliance exceeded 30% in six and 20% in 21 municipalities.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[41] European Parliament elections The Left Alliance gained representatives to the European Parliament in the 1996, 1999 and 2004 elections, but in 2009 the party narrowly fell short of seats.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

From 1996 to 2009, Esko Seppänen, who represented the Left Alliance in Parliament and collected large numbers of votes, was no longer nominated.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the elections of 2014, the party returned to parliament when Merja Kyllönen was elected MEP.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Presidential elections In the 1994 presidential election, the Left Alliance placed its chairman Claes Andersson as its candidate.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

He received 3.8% of the vote and finished sixth among eleven candidates.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In 2000 and 2006, the Left Alliance supported Tarja Halo of the SDP, which won the elections.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

In the party government's decision on support for election 2000, the candidate was not mentioned by name.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Six years later, the Left Alliance announced its support for Halonen's newelection.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[42] In 2012 the candidate was Chairman Paavo Arhinmäki, who finished sixth among the eight candidates with a 5.5% vote share.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

Provincial elections In the 2004 and 2008 Kainuu provincial elections, the Left Alliance was the second largest party after the centrist.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party gained 9 representatives (21.4% of the vote) to the provincial council in 2004 [43] and 12 (18.9%) in 2008 [44].


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

League elections The Left Alliance has the largest group in the Construction Federation (165 representatives/77.6% of the vote in 2007) [45] and the Finnish Food Workers Federation (66% v.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

1997) [46] in delegate councils.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

The party has also garnered more than 40% support in the Metal Union [47] and the Chemical Federation.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

[48] Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Puhakka, Sirpa| title = Left Alliance birth| location = Helsinki| publisher = Into| year = 2015| isbn = 978-952-264-365-0}} On topic elsewhere.


Question: How is an early youth organization defined?

Left-wing alliance

(Pondering) Yle Areena: * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Sidney James Webb (from 1929 Baron Passfield; 13 July 1859 London — 13 October 1947, Liphook, Hampshire) was a British social scientist, socialist theorist and Labour Party politician who served as a Member of the House of Commons from 1922 to 1929, as Secretary of State for Trade in 1924 and as Colonial Minister from 1929 to 1931.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Webb and his wife Beatrice Webb were leading figures of the Fabian Society.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

They wrote books together.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] Life Adolescence Webb was born in London into a middle-class family.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

His father was an accountant and his mother a shop keeper.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Webb left schooling at the age of 15, but later went on to study in evening lectures at the Birkbeck Institute and the University of London.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

After attaining formal qualifications, in 1878 he began a career as a government official, working from 1881 to 1891 in the Colonial Ministry.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

He also earned a law degree in 1885.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

During his college years, Webb became interested in socialism and became acquainted with newspaperman George Bernard Shaw.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Shaw invited him in 1885 to become a member of the newly founded Society of Left-wing Intellectuals, the Fabian Society, whose aim was a peaceful transition to socialism through scientific knowledge on modern society.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[2] [3] [1] [4] Webb quickly became the club's foremost theorist.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

He wrote the first tractate published by the Fabian Society, Facts for Socialists, which appeared in 1887 and of which reprints were taken over decades.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

He also wrote the Society's publications Facts for Londoners (1888) and The Eight Hour Day (1891), as well as some of the Fabian Essays (1889), which received widespread publicity.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] [3] Working with Beatrice Webb, Webb became acquainted and fell in love with Beatrice Potter, a self-taught woman from a wealthy family in 1890, who was conducting research on the cooperative activities of working people.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Beatrice agreed to marry him in 1892, at which point Webb relinquished his post and the couple were left to live on Beatrice's inheritance.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

They then worked together and published extensive production studies on the labour issue and the history of the labour movement, as well as political pamphlets.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

As historians, their most notable work was the English Local Government, an 11-volume study of the history of local government in England starting in the 17th century.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] [2] They founded, together with the liberal politician Richard Haldane, the London School of Economics, which had formed prominently in 1895.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] A bequest received from the Fabian Society was used as the founding capital.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[3] The Webbs also founded the New Statesman magazine in 1913.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] [3] Political career Webb was elected in 1892 as Deptford representative to the London Borough Council, of which he belonged until 1910.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

He was elected chairman of the London Board of Technical Instruction, in which position he restructured the city's school system.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] [2] [3] Under his leadership, state secondary schools in London were reformed, vocational education was increased, and a scholarship system was created for primary school children.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

The University of London was transformed into a network of higher education comprising several independent entities.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Webb also helped Robert Morant in the preparation of the school laws enacted by the Conservative government in 1902 and 1903.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

When Beatrice Webb was, from 1905—1909, a member of the committee preparing the reform of the Poor Care Act, Sidney helped her produce the Committee Minority Dissent, published as a report, setting out the floor plans for the future British welfare state.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] Sidney and Beatrice Webb sought to influence decision-making as impartial experts, but when they felt this strategy was losing its effectiveness, they decided in 1914 to become members of the Labour Party.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Sidney Webb became friends with party leader Arthur Henderson and was already elected to the party committee in 1915, where he influenced for the next ten years.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] [2] Together with his wife, Webb authored the Labour Party Programme Manifesto Labour and the New Social Order, published in 1918, which remained the party's programme for several decades.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Webb was an expert member of the so-called Sankey Commission set in 1919 to examine possible mining nationalisation.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] Webb was elected in 1922 by a belt of votes to the House of Commons of Parliament for the Seaham Harbour constituency.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

He was chairman of the Board of Trade in 1924, i.e., Minister of Trade in the first Labour government led by Ramsay MacDonald.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

When MacDonald returned as Prime Minister in 1929, Webb became Colonial Minister and was granted the rank of Baron of Passfield, thus moving from the House of Commons to the House of Lords.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] [3] He chose the name of his principal title after the estate called Passfield Corner in Hampshire.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[3] As Colonial Minister, Webb tried, with little success, to resolve the disputes surrounding the Mandate Territory of Palestine.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] Although the Webb couple were known as adherents of a non-revolutionary gradual transition to socialism, they were impressed by the achievements they saw during their 1932 trip to the Soviet Union and wrote a book idealising Soviet Communism: A New Civilisation?


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

[1] [3] The ashes of Sidney and Beatrice Webb are buried in Westminster Abbey Cathedral, London.


Question: When did Ramsay MacDonald start his political career?

Sidney Webb

Works on Socialism in England, 1890 The Eight Hours Day, 1891 The History of Trade Unionism, with Beatrice Webb, 1894 (translated 1907—1909 as History of English Trade Unionism) Industrial Democracy, with Beatrice Webb, 1897 English Local Government, Beatrice With Webb, 11 volumes from 1906—1929 English Poor Law Policy, Beatrice Webb's cashier, 1910 Towards Social Democracy? , 1916 Labour and the New Social Order, with Beatrice Webb, 1918 Constitution for the Socialist Commonwealth of Great Britain, with Beatrice Webb, 1920 The Decay of Capitalist Civilization, with Beatrice Webb, 1923 Methods of Social Study, with Beatrice Webb, 1932 Soviet Communism: A New Civilisation? , with Beatrice Webb, 1935 The Truth About Soviet Russia, with Beatrice Webb, 1942 Sources Category:British Politicians Category:British sociologists Category:British historians Category:Socialists Category:UK Ministers Category:Those born in 1859 Class:Those who died in 1947


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Špilberk Castle () is a castle in Brno, Czech Republic, which today houses the facilities of the Brno City Museum.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

It was built in the mid-13th century by Ottokar II Přemysl, King of Bohemia, on a small hill near the centre of Brno.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The castle began to be expanded in the 18th century and became, alongside the fortified city of Brno, the main fortress in Moravia based on the bastion system.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Joseph II converted the castle at the end of the 18th century into a general prison, into which many political prisoners were displaced.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The castle was restored to military use by Francis Joseph I in the 1850s.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

To the Brno City Museum, it passed in 1960.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

History Špilberk Castle was built by King Ottokar II Přemysl of Bohemia, with the intention of making it a seat of control for Moravian monarchs.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The first written mentions of the castle are from the years 1277—1279.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

In the mid-14th century, it became the residence of the Margraves of the Moronese when Jan Jindřich and his son Jošt Jindřich settled in the castle.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

After the Jindřichie, the importance of the castle in residential use decreased and it became a military centre during the Hussite wars in the 15th century.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The son of George Podebrady, the ruler of Bohemia, Viktorin maintained his own headquarters in the castle.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

In 1469, King Matias Corvinus of Hungary recaptured the castle after several months of siege, thus conquering Moravia.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] The castle passed from one owner to another after the end of the 15th century, and the temporary owners generally disregarded the condition of the castle.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

However, Moravian Acts identified the importance of the castle to Alamas and its capital Brno.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The Statutes bought the castle with its holdings in 1560, so that it would not end up with foreigners, and sold it to the city of Brno.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The castle was owned by the town until 1620, when, after the Battle of White Mountain, Emperor Ferdinand II of the Holy German-Roman Empire seized the castle into Crown ownership.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

During the Thirty Years' War, the castle fell into oblivion again, being garrisoned by about 40 men.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

However, the situation changed in the 1640s when the Swedes partially invaded Moravia and threatened Brno.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

In 1645 Špilberk withstood a three-month-long siege by the Swedes.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] The castle was expanded in stages until the half of the 18th century.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Brno was also fortified and together the castle and town were Moravia's main fortress based on the bastion system.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

In the War of the Austrian Succession, the fortress repelled in 1742 a Prussian invasion.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] Joseph II decided in 1783 that the fort prison would be converted into a general prison.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

To this end, the castle casemates were rebuilt.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Initially, the prison was intended to order the most dangerous criminals, but already in the 1790s Špilberk had many political prisoners.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The castle had e.g.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

French revolutionaries such as Jean-Baptiste Drouet, and Hungarian Jacobins such as the writer Ferenc Kazinczy.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

A special wing for state prisoners was built in Špilberk in 1822, to which many Italian carbonars were condemned.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Author Silvio Pellico wrote a book about his time in prison.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] Francis Joseph I abolished the prison in 1855.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Three years later, after the last prisoner had been released, the castle was converted into barracks.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

During the First and Second World Wars, the castle was again used to house prisoners of war.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

In World War II, the castle was rebuilt by the Gestapo, and patriotic Czechs were housed there, who were then transported from Špilberk to concentration camps.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] The Czechoslovak army left the castle in 1959, which meant the end of military use of the castle.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The following year Špilberk passed into the ownership of the Brno City Museum.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] Castle Špilberk Castle has had many different uses and stages of construction.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The Gothic castle of the 1200—15th centuries actually remains the basic essence of the castle.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Only some parts remain of the original castle in the east wing.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The east wing is recognisably Gothic, but the current layout dates from problematic and controversial repairs between 1995 and 2000.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

A fortification based on the bastion system was built around the medieval castle in the middle of the 18th century, when bastions, moats, casemates and single-storey barrack buildings were built, among other things.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] Most of the fort's current buildings date from the 1830s, when major transformation works were carried out in the fort when it was converted into a prison.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

From this period there is a south, north and west wing and a building dividing the former large bailiary into two parts.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The alteration works destroyed practically everything that was left of the medieval castle, except for the east wing.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The current layout of Špilberk Castle is from this period.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] The Germans carried out extensive modification works at the fort during World War II, but did not change the layout.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Apart from some minor alterations and additions, they unified the fortress in an architectural sense.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Some interiors and historical details date back to the German period.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] Repairs between 1995 and 2000 altered the layout of the fort and especially the east wing, so the current layout differs from earlier photographs and paintings.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[1] Exhibitions In Špilberk Castle today there are several exhibits of the Brno City Museum.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

The casemates of the castle explore Baroque fortress architecture and the prison culture of Joseph II.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[2] One of the permanent exhibits showcases the architectural development of the castle from the foundations to its current layout.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[3] In the northern wing of the first floor of the castle there is a theme similar to the exhibition of casemates, as it discusses the prison history of Špilberk Castle.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[4] The exhibition, about the city of Brno, is divided into eight sections, showcasing the city's most significant moments since its founding in 1091.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[5] The art exhibition exhibits some of the best paintings of the Brno City Museum.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Artists from the years 1570 to 1945 whose lives were associated with Brno are featured.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[6] One of the permanent exhibitions deals with Brno architecture from 1919 to 1939.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[7] Photomontages of German Nazi opponent John Heartfield are on display in the chapel built by the Germans.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[8] Nuns belonging to the Franciscans practised pharmacy in Brno from the 1750s onwards.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

An exhibition at the City Museum showcases pharmacy and pharmacology from the 18th century.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[9] Špilberk also houses part of the City Museum's jewel collection from the 19th and 20th centuries.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

[10] Sources Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When was Špilberk Castle built?

Špilberk Castle

Category:Czech castles Category:Brno Category:72.22 Castles, palaces, mansions


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eelement

An element is defined as matter that has a certain number of protons in the nuclei of atoms.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eelement

Also, elements cannot be split or transformed into another substance in a chemical process.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eelement

The elements consist of atoms with protons in their nuclei, which are orbited by an equal number of electrons.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

The number of protons determines the ordinal number of the element, or the so-called atomic number.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Atoms of the same element thus have the same atomic number.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

For example, atoms with six protons in their nucleus are carbon atoms.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

A varying number of neutrons can be present in the nucleus.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Such different nuclei of the same element are called elemental isotopes.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

The elements can form as either an ion or molecular compound and are divided into two main groups, metals and nonmetals in terms of their chemical properties.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

If the element has properties of both metals and nonmetals, it is called semi-metal.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

The elements are grouped more precisely based on their structure in a periodic system, which also allows you to predict chemical properties of the elements.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

There are now 118 different types of officially certified elements known, 94 of which occur in nature and the rest are artificially manufactured by nuclear reactions.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

History of discovery of elements The concept of elemental matter has a long history.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

For example, Thales considered water to be an element from which all other substances would have arisen; later some other philosophers considered as such air or fire.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

[1] It later became generally accepted in its beginnings as put forward by Empedocles [2] and also espoused by Aristotle [3] the notion that there were four elements, earth, water, air and fire.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

These are often referred to as classical elements.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

However, since the old days several substances (carbon, sulphur and a number of metals) known to be chemical elements had been known, but none of them had been identified as such.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

The current conception of elements has only been formed between the 18th and 19th centuries.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

[4] Early discoveries in Antiquity were known from the elements carbon, silver, copper, sulfur, tin, gold, lead, iron and mercury.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

In the 13th century, Albertus Magnus is believed to have discovered arsenic.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

In the 1450s, Johan Thölde described antimony scientifically.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

[5] In the 16th century, bismuth was already known, but it was accurately described in 1753 by Claude François Geoffroy.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

1526 Paracelsus identified zinc.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

1669 Hening Brand described phosphorus, a little later the same was done by Robert Boyle.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Elements discovered in the 18th century 19 elements were discovered: 1732 cobalt (Georg Brandt) 1741 platinum (independently of each other Antonio de Ulloa, whose discovery was announced in 1748, and Charles Wood — American Indians knew this metal) 1751 nickel (Axel Fredrik Cronstedt) 1755 magnesium (Joseph Black) 1766 hydrogen (Henry Cavendish, it was named by Antoine Lavoisier [6]) 1771 oxygen (Joseph Priestley) 1772 nitrogen (Daniel Rutherford) 1774 chlorine (Carl Wilhelm Scheele) and manganese (Johan Gottlieb Gahn) 1778 molybdenum (Scheele) 1782 tellurium (François) Z-Joseph Muller von Reichenstein) 1783 tungsten (Juan José and Fausto Elhuyar) 1789 uranium and zirconium (Martin Heinrich Klaproth) 1793 strontium (Klaproth) 1794 yttrium (Finnish Johan Gadolin) 1797 titanium (Klaproth) and chromium (Louis Nicolas Vauquelin) 1798 beryllium (Vauquelin)) in the 19th century discovered elements in the 19th century, the main part of the elements were discovered and found to have regularities in them, leading to the invention of Mendeleyev's periodic system.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

1801 vanadium (Andrés Manuel del Río) and niobium (Charles Hatchett) 1802 tantalum (Anders Gustaf Ekeberg) 1803 cerium (Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Wilhelm von Hisinger), rhodium (William Hyde Wollaston), palladium (Ryan Lumadue), osmium and irrium idium (Smithson Tennant) 1807 Potassium and sodium (Humphry Davy) 1808 calcium and barium (Davy) and boron (Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis-Jacques Thenard) 1811 iodine (Bernard Courtois) 1817 lithium (Johan August Arfwedson), cadmium (Friedrich Strohmeyer and simultaneously K.S.L Hermann) and selenium (Jöns Jakob Berzelius) 1823 silicon (Berzelius) 1825 aluminum (Hans Christian Ørsted) 1826 bromine (Antoine Jérôme Balard) 1828 thorium (Berzelius) and beryllium (Friedrich Wöhler and simultaneously A.A.B.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Bussy) 1839—1841 lanthanum (Carl Gustaf Mosander) 1843 terbium and erbium (Mosander) 1844 ruthenium (Karl Klaus) 1860 caesium and rubidium (Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff; using spectroscopy) 1861 thallium (Sir William Crookes) 1863 indium (Ferdinand Reich and Theich Richter) 1868 helium (simultaneously Pierre Jansen and Norman Lockyer; from the solar spectrum.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

On Earth it was not discovered until the 1890s.)


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

1874 gallium (Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran; elemental existence and properties predicted by Mendeleev 1871) 1878 ytterbium (Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac) 1879 tulium (Per Teodor Cleve), scandium (Lars Fredrik Nilson), holmium (Marc Delafontaine, Jacques-Louis Soret and Per Teodor Cleve), as well as samarium (de Boisbaudran) 1880 gadolinium (de Marignac) 1885 praseodymium (Carl Auer von Welsbach; a substance called didymium separated by Mosander 1839 turned out to be praseodymium and neodymium) 1886 dysprosium (de Boisbaudran), germanium (Clemens Winkler) and fluorine (Henri Moissan ).


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Many fluorine compounds had been known long before and had been assumed to contain an unknown element that many scientists had tried to isolate, but it was not until 1886 that Moissan managed to do so.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

[7] 1894 argon (Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay) 1898 noble gases neon, krypton and xenon (Ramsay), radium and polonium (Pierre and Marie Curie) 1899 actinium (André Debierne) The elements found in the 20th century still found a few elements in nature, but most of among the new discoveries were short-lived artificial elements: 1900 radon (Friedrich Enst Dorn) 1901 europium (Eugène-Anatole Demarçay) 1907 lutetium (Georges Urbain) 1913 protactinium (Kasimir Fajans, Oswald Göhring, Frederick Soddy, John Cranston, Lise Meitner and Otto Hahn 1923) hafnium (Dirk Coster and György Hevesy) 1925 rhenium (Walter Noddack and Ida Tacke) 1937 technetium (Carlo Perrier and Emilio Segrè; first artificial element) 1939 frankium (Marguerite Derey; last element found in nature) 1940 astatine (Dale R. Corson, K.R.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Mackenzie and Segrè) 1940 neptunium (Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson) 1940 plutonium (Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur C. Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy and Segrè) 1944 curium and americium (Seaborg) 1945 promethium (Jacob A. Marinsky) 1949 berkelium (Albert Ghiorso, Seaborg, Stanley G. Thompson and Kenneth Street Jr.)


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

1950 californium (Ghiorso, Seaborg, Thompson and Street) 1952 einsteinium (both at the Argonne and Los Alamos laboratories and at the University of California) 1953 fermium (both at the Argonne and Los Alamos laboratories and at the University of California) and mendelevium (Seaborg and Evans G. Valens) 1958 nobelium (Ghiorso, Seaborg, John R. Walton and Torbørn Sikkeland) 1961 lawrencium (Ghiorso, Sikkeland, Almon Larsh and Robert M. Latimer) 1964 rutherfordium (Dubna Nuclear Research Center in USSR) 1970 dubnium (Ghiorso) 1974 seaborgium (University of California Center for Nuclear Research) 1976 bohrium (Yuri Oganesjan at Dubna Nuclear Research Centre; verified at GSI 1982) 1982 meitnerium (Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg) 1984 hassium (Armbruster and Münzenberg) 1994 darmstadtium and x-ray (S. Hofmann and V. Ninov) 1996 Copernikium (Hofmann and Ninov) 1999 flerovium (Dubna Nuclear Research Centre) Elements found in the 2000s 2000 livermorium (Dubna Nuclear Research Centre and Lawrence Livermore Laboratory) 2003 moscovium (Dubna Nuclear Research Centre and Lawrence Livermore Laboratory) 2004 nihonium (K. Morita and his working groups (RIKEN in Japanese)) 2006 oganesson (Dubna Nuclear Research Centre and Lawrence Livermore Laboratory) 2010 Tennessin (Dubna Nuclear Research Centre and Lawrence Livermore Laboratory) Most common elements on Earth and the universe Oxygen is the most common element in the Earth's crust and silicon the second most common (mass basis).


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

The most common on Earth as a whole is iron due to its iron-rich core, with oxygen being the second most common.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Ten of the most common elements in the universe presented in parts per million: The search for new elements Elements can be produced under laboratory conditions.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Such artificial elements include e.g.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

livermorium, einsteinium and seaborgium.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Experimentally produced substances are first given a provisional name consisting of three consecutive syllables of Latin or Greek origin, such as one-one-one (un + un + un + ium = unununium, elemental 111), depending on the ordinal number of the substance.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

The appendix -ium is also added after the name of the element.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

The official entry of a substance into the list of elements is decided by IUPAC.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

See also List of elementals Nucleosynthesis Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = John Hudson| title = Biggest science — history of chemic| others = Translated by Kimmo Pietian | publisher = Art House| year = 2002| id = ISBN 951-884-346-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Otava big Focus, part 1 (A—El) | publisher = Otava| year = 1973| id = ISBN 951-1-00273-2| page = 129-133, art.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Elemental and related table}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hamilo, Marko & Lauri Niinistö (eds.


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

) | title = Elements| location = Helsinki| publisher = Helsingfors| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-952-5557-16-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Strathern, Paul| title = Mendeleev's dream: Search for missing elements| location = Helsinki| publisher = Terra Cognita| year = 2004| version = (Mendeleyev's dream: The quest for the elements, 2000.)


Question: How many elements are there in a person?

Eement

Translated by Juha Pietiläinen| id = ISBN 952-5202-62-3}} Series published on the topic elsewhere in Helsinki Messages * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

Agenor Maria Adam Gołuchowski (25 March 1849, Skała, Galitsia — 28 March 1921 in Lwów, Poland) [1] was a Polish-born Austrian count and statesman who served as Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister from 1895 to 1906.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

During his term, Austro-Hungarian relations with Russia probably soured.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

Agenor Gołuchowski's father, Agenor Gołuchowski, was the governor of Galitsia in Austria.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

[1] Gołuchowski the Younger served from 1872 as a diplomat until he was appointed Foreign Minister in May 1895, succeeding Gusztáv Kálnoky.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

[2] He wanted to restore the dual monarchy's good relations with Russia and travelled in April 1897 with Emperor Francis Joseph to Saint Petersburg, resulting in a cooperation agreement between the two countries being signed.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

The main purpose of the treaty was to keep the other major powers out of Balkan affairs.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

As a result of the rebellion that erupted in Macedonia, Russia and Austria-Hungary also drew up a joint reform programme in October 1903 (so called. Mürzsteg Program) for the Ottoman Empire.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

In 1904, the countries further agreed on neutrality in the event of the other facing war against the third party.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

[3] Despite everything, Gołuchowski retained Austro-Hungarian loyalty to its chief ally Germany.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

During the First Moroccan Crisis in 1905, he acted as mediator between Germany and France in a way that pleased the German leadership.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

[1] The Polish Gołuchowski was not popular in Hungary.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

He was forced to resign from his duties as Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1906 because he allegedly held back the adoption of Hungarian as the language of command in the army of the dual monarchy.


Question: Who was Agenor Gołuchowski?

Agenor Gołuchowski

[1] Sources on the subject elsewhere Category:Austro-Hungarian Foreign Ministers Category:Polish persons Category:People born in 1849 Class:Deaths in 1921


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

A caravan, or caravan, is a towed trailer on the back of a vehicle intended for temporary housing.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Jokingly, the caravan is also referred to as a caravan and its users “caravans”.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The words come from the British English word caravan, which is also taken from the name of the Finnish caravan organisation SF-caravan.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

More commonly, a caravan is used to forge a wagon intended to be permanently placed.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

They can be solidly connected to water systems and mains.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The caravan has wheels and a drawbar for short transfers, but they are not meant to be towed over long distances.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

When moving longer distances, a caravan (or house trailer) is transported on a truck platform.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

However, when mobile, it does not necessarily need a building permit and is thus an alternative to a solidly built holiday cottage.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The caravan usually has a kitchen as well as a living and sleeping area.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In small carriages these are usually combined, but in more spacious carriages the sleeping area is occasionally separated from the lounge/kitchen area Most carriages can be turned into beds.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Manufacturing and selling of caravans in Finland The first Finnish caravans were made in 1949 in Seinäjoki, with car body factory Penko Oy as builder.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Ten pieces were made of carriages, so it was a small-scale serial production.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The wagon had an unlagged weight of about 400 kg and was designed to fit the Volkswagen Bubble to be towed.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The carriage load-bearing structure was welded from corner iron, its walls were made of plywood, and the roof was clad in tar sheaf.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The carriage had a vertical front wall and three windows, and inside was fitted with a LPG powered cast iron stove, benches for bed bottoms and several closets.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[1] Mass-produced caravans were first produced by taxi driver Onni Mäkivirta in Punkalaitumi.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

About 400 pieces of OM wagons built by Mäkivirra were completed between 1962 and 1967.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The hill stream was developing the structure of their carriages throughout, and they eventually proved so durable that they have been seen in use even decades later.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In 1962, imports of foreign caravans to Finland also began; these were British Sprite carriages.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[1] In the 1960s, Merchant House Bensow, known as an importer of various raw materials and a banker's shop, expanded its activities to include the manufacture of mopeds, oil heaters and lamps and dynamos for bicycles.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

As a result of the audience competition, the products were named Solifer.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In 1964 Bensow built a prototype caravan, and at the turn of the year 1965—1966 a caravan assembly line was completed at the Bensow factory in Herttoniemi, Helsinki.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The second major Finnish caravan brand became Matkaaja, whose manufacture began in Korso, Helsinki rural municipality, in 1967.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Kafi Oy, founded in 1974 in Teuvalla Ostrobothnia, was formed as a wagon manufacturer slightly smaller than the previous ones.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In addition to these, several smaller caravan manufacturers have been active in Finland especially in the 1960s and 1970s, and wagon brands such as Ekerina, Matkamaja and Matka-Mökki: Solifer wagons manufactured by Bensow were also marketed through various sales channels as Jupiter and Goldie. with names.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

From the outset, the possibility of year-round use of caravans became the main development site in the development of caravans, and sales were directed not only at home but also to export markets.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Due to the recession of the early 1990s, sales of caravans in Finland collapsed, the manufacture of Kafi and Matkaaja caravans was discontinued and the only Finnish caravan brand remained Solifer.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[1] In 1969 there were 2194 caravans registered in Finland.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[2] At the end of 1983, the 27945 caravans registered in Finland represented 75 different brands, 60 of which were no longer in production at the end of the same decade.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In the peak year 1989, almost 7200 new caravans were sold in Finland.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In 2013, 758 new caravans were registered in Finland, and at the end of the year there were 67562 wagons on the register.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

At that time, there were 117560 motorhomes in Finland.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[1] According to the legal text, the first trailers for tourism were (housing) wagons, such as in the decisions of the Ministry of Access and Public Works at the time.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Especially in the 1960s, several other designations were used in informal contexts, in addition to the caravan and caravan, among others: a caravan, a travel home, a travel home, for living on wheels.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[3] Under the Vehicles Act 2002, a car trailer (vehicle of category O1 to O4) is “a towed vehicle manufactured for the transport of persons or goods or for tourist purposes” (Vehicles Act (11.12.2002/1090), Section 17).


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Caravan Structure The caravan consists of a frame with a basket on top.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The wheels are either on a single axle or in a bogie.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

There is a drawbar at the front of the frame, as well as a mounting device to attach the carriage to the tailhook of the towing truck.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Fastening devices also include a safety wire.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

If the caravan comes off the car, the brakes on the caravan tires automatically start to brake.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Normally, the brakes engage when the mass of the wagon exerts a thrust force on the hand as the towing car slows down.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

An electrical cord is also attached to the car, through which the caravan's electrical system is powered.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

At the front of the carriage there is a space for LPG cylinders.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Other stuff can also be stored there.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

When loading, it should be noted that the driving weight specified for the car is not exceeded.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Features A trolley heater is usually powered by LPG, but an electrical resistor can also be connected to it, which can be connected to the mains.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In some wagon models, the resistor also operates at a voltage of 12 volts.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Heating can be air circulation heating, underfloor heating or water-circular radiator heating.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

For indoor lighting, I use 12 volt DC, the energy required for which is stored in the carriage's own battery.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In addition, the 12-volt system can be connected to entertainment electronics such as radio, television, laptop or mobile phone charger.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The carriage may also have an inverter, from which you get a working voltage of 230 for a lower load.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

For high power needs (such as electric heating or air conditioner), this is not enough, but a connection to a stationary power grid is required.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The trolley battery begins to charge automatically when connected to the mains.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Carriages usually have an automatic charger or smart charger.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

An aggregate can be connected to the external electrical connection of the trolley if no fixed power grid is available.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Fuel cells powered by LPG or methanol are also on the market, which can provide electric power to a 12-volt system.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Power is enough for lighting and consumer electronics, but not for heat dissipation, cooling and other items that need a lot of power.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Depending on the carriage and towing car, the battery is also charged from the car's electrical connection.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

DHW is transported in either one or two detachable plastic canisters of 10 to 20 litres, or in larger wagons in a fixed tank of more than one hundred litres.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In this case, the carriage may also have fixed washing facilities with showers.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

At this time, the carriage also has a hot water system.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The heater operates either on gas or mains.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Water is sucked by an electrically powered water pump into the taps.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The kitchen equipment of the trolley may be limited to gas-powered hotplates and refrigerators, or especially larger trolleys may also have an optional freezer and oven.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The refrigerator (and freezer) are usually three-functional, that is, they run on gas, battery power or 230V mains voltage.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Battery power is needed, for example, during ferry transport, when gas is not allowed to be used and mains power is not available.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

In the sanitary room there is a chemical toilet (kemssa).


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Its tank is removable and is emptied if necessary.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Often when camping with a carriage, a front tent, a roof or awning is used.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

They increase the area of living and living areas.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Modern carriages can be used even in winter.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

As a rule, caravans require the same lamps and reflectors as in other car trailers.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Wagons shall be fitted with front-facing white front lamps and reflectors and rear-facing red rear and brake lamps, brown-yellow direction indicators, white number plate lamp and red triangular reflectors with the tip upwards.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

White reversing lamps may also be fitted to the rear of the caravan.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[4] Association Activities Caravan owners organize social activities.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The SF-Caravan Association is an umbrella organisation formed by caravan owners and other organisations and individuals interested in camping tourism.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The organization's mission is to work towards developing amenity in campsites, improvements to motorhomes, road safety among caravans, and to raise awareness of environmental issues.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

The SF-Caravan Association also selects the Caravan of the Year region each year.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

[5] See also Motorhome Trailer Sources on the topic elsewhere.


Question: When were the first Finnish caravans completed?

Caravan

Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Siukosaari, Ances| title = Motorhome vehicles 50 years in Finland, Comfortable travel| publisher = Alfamer| year = 2015| id = ISBN 978-952-472-225-4}} Category:Dwellings Category:Towed vehicles


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The term industrial revolution (also industrial subversion) is used for the broad social, economic and technological transformation of the 18th and 19th century fold in Britain.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[1] In economic history, the industrial revolution means a major upheaval in industrial production methods.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

This article discusses the first industrial subversion associated with a new method of producing energy, the steam engine, and the emergence of the textile industry in Britain and around the English Channel.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[2] New inventions of the Second Industrial Revolution included electric and internal combustion engines.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

It elevated Germany and the United States as leading industrialized countries and, beginning in the late 19th century, expanded industrial activity throughout Europe.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[2] The Third Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 20th century, expanded industrial activity into China and the Pacific environment with electronic inventions such as microcircuits.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[2] The industrial subversion of England was the result of long-acting inventions and changes, for example the revolution in science.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[3] Towards the end of the 18th century, these lines of development of the various fields and technology of society were intertwined, creating a new framework for the entire social, technical and scientific development that took place since then.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[3] The most significant new idea was the introduction of fossil energy and the steam engine.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[3] Another important area of development was the mechanisation of the textile industry and the transition of work into factories into wage labour.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[3] Coke was made from coal, with which England grew into a major iron manufacturer.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[3] Even before the industrial subversion, canals had been built, expanding the market.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[3] The expansion of the market and the rapid spread of new ideas was also influenced by the use of the steam engine in riverboats and the construction of railroads that began at the end of the First Industrial Revolution.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[3] Britain had accumulated a huge amount of debt by the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

There was more than £1 million in debt and, as a proportion of gross domestic product, debt was over 250 per cent.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Britain balanced the state budget and began to follow policies that would lead to a growing economy so that the debt would decrease relative to the overall output of the economy.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Britain managed to solve the indebtedness, as industrialisation brought growth rates of the economy not seen before.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[4] [5] Industrial subversion changed the structure of society as a lot of the population moved from agriculture to industrial service to cities.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[2] Rapid industrial development gave rise to industrial working class and major social problems, leading to the formation of the labour movement and the spread of socialist causes.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[6] At the beginning of the 19th century, Western Europe's gross domestic product per capita was about double that of Asian and African countries, but by the end of the 19th century the gap between industrialized and non-industrialized countries had ruptured deep.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[7] The term 'industrial revolution' came into common use in English-speaking countries after historian Arnold Toynbee used it as his title in his book The Industrial Revolution in England (1884).


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[8] However, the concept had appeared earlier and its earliest users had been the French economist Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui, who used it in 1837 in his book Histoire de l'économie politique en Europe depuis les Anciens jusqu'à nos jours (1837—1842) 5 vol., and for example Friedrich Engels, who used it in his 1844 publication on the status of the working class in England.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[8] Well-known scholars of the Industrial Revolution include T. S. Ashton, Paul Mantoux, Phyllis Deane, Peter Mathias, Nicholas Crafts, Pat Hudson, and David Landes.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[8] The use of the term “revolution” in England for the technical and economic development of the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries has been justified by the fact that, although the subversion did not yet lead to significant economic growth, the watershed was the application of a few inventions to usable machines that opened new developmental careers throughout the 19th century.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The “Industrial Revolution” is today a well-established concept in history, as well as the “Renaissance” or “Enlightenment”.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[9] In general, scholars place the beginning of the Industrial Revolution between the half of the 18th century and the late mid-19th century.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

A crucial moment is seen James Watt's patent for an improved steam engine in 1769.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[10] At the same time, technology was being developed in several other sectors that slowly increased Britain's industrial capacity.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The causes leading to industrial subversion are extremely complex and are still widely debated.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Some historians consider that the revolution followed the social and institutional changes in Britain brought about by the end of feudalism and subsequent civil war in the 17th century.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The expansion of colonialism in the 17th century was followed by the development of international trade, the emergence of financial markets and the accumulation of capital, which also contributed to the creation of basic conditions for industrialization.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

My part was also in the so-called scientific revolution of the 17th century.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Industrialisation in England as then in other countries took several generations and adaptation required new attitudes and behaviours from people.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[11] Early capitalism and technical development One obvious reason for industrial subversion was the 13th-century development of iron whale, which led to the production of forge and coat iron of industrial measure.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

This required larger production units than before, as well as specialization of workers.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Craftsmen began to turn into wage laborers.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

These were examples of the time being ripe for the genesis of manufactures.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The first manufacture institutions were apparently built in the field of verane-weaving in Florence in the 14th century.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The actual industrial production developed with the use of manufactures through mechanization.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

By the 17th century, the plundering of the colonies brought a rich supply of goods and monetary economies to Europe.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The capitalist mode of production overtook the feudal agrarian system.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

At the same time, the bourgeoisie developed, which developed into a leading social class rather than the land nobility, which was a revolution between social classes.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[12] From a technical point of view, the Industrial Revolution had a long background.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[13] The unitary culture of the Middle Ages began to fragment as a result of scientific discoveries of the 16th and 17th centuries.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[13] Scientific observations were followed by a phase of technical inventions and the reasoning of the Enlightenment, whereby man was able to subordinate nature to his service by reason.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[13] The third stage was industrialization.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[13] An example may be the rye, which apparently originated in China but entered Europe through the Arabs in the 13th century.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[13] In the 16th century, in Braunschweig, it was invented to add a pedal and wing dye to the rye.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[13] Industrialization then made rye a spinning machine.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Periods of pre-industrial economic growth had always been met earlier by growth limits, which seemed to be superseded by the Industrial Revolution.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[11] England in the 18th century The emergence of parliamentarian world rule After the great revolution of 1688, the king who came to power in the Netherlands, William III of Oranian, was forced to sign a law known as the Bill of Rights in 1689, recognising human rights and parliamentarianism.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

The law's goal of avoiding the misuse of power resulted in the division of power into a separate legislative body, enforcement and jurisdiction.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Montesquieu used the English constitution as an example in creating the tripartite doctrine of power.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[14] Since then, parliamentarianism has prevailed in England, where a party with a majority in elections to the House of Commons, the House of Commons, formed a government.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[15] A great revolution can be seen as the Palace Revolution, in which the Protestant branch of the ruling family deposed the Catholic.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[16] England was well into the 18th century downright paranoid of papal believers (eng.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Popery) opponent.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[16] The image of the English as a nation of freedom had been formed in the 17th century with the country's acceptance of mainland European Protestants facing persecution and continued to remain pro-immigrant.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[17] After the War of the Spanish Succession (1701—1713), control of the world's seas passed from the Netherlands to Britain. [18].


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

In 1707, a Treaty of Union was concluded between England and Scotland, thus creating the Kingdom of Great Britain.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

George I's coming to power in 1714 at the same time formed a personal union with Protestant Hanover.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[16] In the Great Colonial War (1756—1763), Britain secured its position in India from France and annexed Canada to its thirteen colonies in North America.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[18] These declared independence as early as 1776.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

It was followed by the American Revolutionary War, which ended with the 1783 Peace of Paris, in which Britain recognized American independence.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[18] In the 18th century, grain, tobacco and cane sugar were imported into Europe from the American continent, and cotton and fabrics from India.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

Capital market development William III of Oranian was also the commandholder of the Netherlands, and his coming to power made the Netherlands and England allies.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

In the 17th century, the Netherlands was a leading maritime power and Amsterdam a financial centre, the success of which was driven by the Dutch East Indies trading company.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

As a result, the English government's creditworthiness also improved.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[19] Parliament financed the Nine Years' War 1688—1697 against France through a bond issue.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[19] To service the loan, the Bank of England was created 1694, allowing the state to become indebted and freed from the limits of annual tax revenues and guaranteed loans with future tax revenues.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[19] The improved state funding situation was used to develop the fleet.


Question: In what decade did William I Oranian have lived in the Netherlands?

Industrial Revolution

[19] The great revolution also improved property rights, [19] which unleashed the development of financial markets.