Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[1] After Parliament passed a power law in the summer, the conservative Enckell pressured the leaders of the Russian Provisional Government to dissolve the Finnish parliament to fight the law, [3] which was also successful.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

As a result, he long had a bad reputation in the eyes of the Finnish left.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

In early November, he shuttled between Helsinki and Saint Petersburg in the process of turning the new Constitution defining relations between Finland and Russia.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

He still had time to present the proposal of the so-called Ståhlberg Committee to the Provisional Government on 5 November, but after arriving again in St. Petersburg on 7 November with the draft manifesto approved by the Finnish parliamentary parties, he could only note that the journey of the new revolution had taken place period.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[4] After Finland declared independence, Enckell formed with P. E. Svinhufvud and Gustaf Idman a delegation to the Senate of Finland, which requested and received recognition of independence from the Soviet government.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Enckell was also named as Finland's diplomatic representative to Saint Petersburg, but the pesti fell very short as state relations soon broke between White Finland and Soviet Russia.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[1] In November 1918, Enckell became the second Minister of Foreign Affairs in the order of Finland, and was now tasked in turn by Regent C.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

G.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

E. Mannerheim to acquire recognition of Finland's independence from the circumferential powers that won World War I.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Enckell led the Finnish delegation to the Paris Peace Conference 1919 and the League of Nations in its handling of the Åland Issue.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Enckell's tactic was to delay making a decision until the Great Powers would lose interest in the Wilsonian push for the rights of minority nationalities (Swedish-speaking Alanders).


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

The tactic worked, and it was decided in 1921 to leave Åland for Finland.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[1] In the newly independent country, Enckell was among the few who had even some experience of diplomatic duties (which the ministerial secretary remotely resembled) and therefore the young nation resorted to him at first so often.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Enckell was 1919—1926 as Finland's representative in Paris and simultaneously 1920—1926 to the League of Nations.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

He also served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in two short-lived civil service governments in 1922 and 1924, and represented Finland at some international conferences.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

He returned in 1927 to the homeland again for business.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

He was first President and CEO of the Federal Bank and then a member of the HOP Board of Trustees, and 1936—1946 Managing Director of Industrialists Mutual Fire Insurance Company.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[1] Returning to the top in difficult times for Finnish foreign policy, Enckell returned at a fateful time in 1944.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

In February of that year he went to informal peace pledges with J. K. Paasikivi in Moscow, which, however, did not yet lead to peace as the Linkommies government rebuffed the hard terms of the Soviet Union.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

In August, a new government led by Antti Hackzell — another one who had been acquainted with Russia through business ties — was appointed to make peace and Enckell returned after a long hiatus as Secretary of State.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

After the Prime Minister suffered a stroke in the middle of the intermediate peace negotiations, Enckell was forced to travel to Moscow in dramatic circumstances to put himself at the head of the Finnish delegation.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Not much was negotiated in the negotiations, but peace was obtained.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Enckell thereafter continued as Foreign Minister continuously in all post-war governments up to and including the minority Social Democratic government of Fagerholm, for a total of five and a half years.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

During these years he was one of the key architects of the Paasikivi Line.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

The position of Enckell and the second Foreign Minister, Reinhold Svento, as aides and advisers to President J. K. Paasikivi, was underscored by both's perfect skill in Russian and the fact that the post of the State Department's most senior official, head of the Political Department, was Enckell's entire State Department period without holder.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

In order to maintain their language skills, Enckell and Svento even had the habit of conversing and engaging in correspondence with each other in Russian.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[5] Enckell was vice-chairman of the Finnish delegation to both the (new) Paris Peace Conference in August 1946 and during the negotiation of the YYA Treaty in Moscow in April 1948.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

As a representative of Finland, he signed the Paris Peace Treaty on 10 February 1947 — and as one of the delegates also signed the YYA Treaty on 6 April 1948.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Enckell did not retire at last until the age of 73.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[1] Enckell died at the age of 82 in Helsinki.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

He was twice awarded both the 1st Class Cross of Liberty (the latter time with a chest star) and the Grand Cross of the White Rose (on the latter occasion with jewels), and also several high foreign honours.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[1] Enckell published a two-volume memoir in 1956 focusing on the time of Finland's independence and the 1920s.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Family Carl Enckell's wife was the English-born Lucy Marie Frieda Agathe Margareta Ponsonby-Lyons he met in Germany.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Their son was the diplomat, Bachelor of Philosophy Ralph Enckell.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

[1] Carl Enckell's brother was General Oscar Enckell, who participated with him in the Moscow intermediate peace talks in September 1944.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

Sources Enckell, Carl: My Political Memoirs 1.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

WSOY, Helsinki 1956.


Question: When was Carl Enckell born?

Carl Enckell

References Literature af Forselles, Cecilia: Brobyggaren Carl Enckells liv och verksamhet fram till slutet av 1917, Svenska Litteratursällskapet, 2001 (Ph.D. dissertation) (in Swedish) On the subject elsewhere Category:Finnish Ministerial Secretaries Class:Finnish Ministers of Foreign Affairs Category:Finnish diplomats Category:City of Helsinki councillors Category:Finnish business leaders Category:Engineering and bridge construction Category:Finnish bank managers Category:Finnish managers of employers' organisations Category:Born in 1876 Category:People who died in 1959 Class:Saint Petersburg Finns


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII, originally Count Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaelle Luigi Pecci, [1] (2 March 1810 in Carpineto Romano, Italy — 20 July 1903, Apostolic Palace, Vatican City) was Bishop of Rome, or Pope, 20 February 1878 — 20 July 1903.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[2] Leo XIII was 256, according to an unofficial, unreliable and heritage-informed pope list published in the Annuario Pontificio of the Vatican.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

pope.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[3] The papacy of Leo XIII, or pontificate, took place in the so-called During the Vatican captivity, during which a feud existed between the papal seat and the Italian state.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The circular Rerum Novarum sent by Leo XIII in 1891 was a major statement of stance on socialism.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The Pope, like his predecessors, condemned the cause, but defended the dignity and rights of workers, and accepted many of their demands.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

He stated the workers were entitled to a decent wage and accepted their political organization.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

According to Leo XIII, the state should act in such a way that social equality could be achieved.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Childhood and adolescence Gioacchino Vincenzo Pecci was born near the city of Rome in 1810.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Like those before him on the papal seat, he belonged to the lower nobility of the Church State.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Gioacchino Pecci showed exceptional talent at a young age.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

1823 he authored a poem of two hundred hexameter stanzas in Latin.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

It told of the fire at St. Paul's Basilica.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[4] As a gifted youth, he was admitted to study at the Accademia dei Nobili Ecclesiastici diplomatic college, which was intended to educate the future ecclesiastical elite of the Church State.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[4] In the 1840s, Pecci served as a nuntius in Belgium.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

However, he failed to mediate in the dispute between the bishops and the House of Kingdoms, and at the king's wish he had to relinquish his duties in 1846.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

After being a nuntius, he was appointed Bishop of Perugia.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

That episcopal seat was not among the most important in Italy, but in leading it for thirty years, Pecci became known for his good governance skills.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

1853 Pope Pius IX appointed Pecci cardinal.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[5] However, Pecci was not invited to Rome because the then Cardinal Secretary of State preferred more mediocre cardinals as his subordinates.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[4] On the death of that cardinal-secretary of state, Pecci was summoned by Pope Pius IX as cardinal-chamberlain, or camerlengo.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The election as pope upon the death of Pius IX in 1878, the cardinals came together to elect a new pope.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Pecci's chances of ascending to pope were overshadowed by the fact that, according to common practice, camerlengo was not elected pope.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

In the conclave of 1878, all cardinals who appointed Pius IX were conservatives, [4], so the next pope would also probably come to be a Conservative.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Pecci belonged to the Conservatives himself, but was not committed to Pius IX's stark and condemning line of modernism.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Instead, he had published a number of circulars sympathetic to the science and culture of the time.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

In the conclave vote, Pecci also had the advantage of not being among the favourites of former Cardinal Secretary of State Antonelli.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Pecci was able to get behind the two-thirds majority in the third round of voting.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Giacchino Vincenzo Pecci assumed his papacy as his title of Leo XIII.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

When he became pope, he was 67 years old and his health was relatively poor.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[6] Despite this, he served as pope for a quarter of a century from 1878 to 1903.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The fact that the new pope did not take his name from either of his predecessors stirred hopefulness among reformist Catholics and also the Pope's decision to elect a libertarian cardinal as his secretary of state seemed a good sign to them.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The situation at the time of Leo XIII's ascension to the papal see was the subject of the so-called Vatican imprisonment, or dispute between the Italian state and the pope.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII's predecessor, Pius IX, had served as pope for 31 years and had been, during his term as papacy, or pontificate — except for the beginning of the pontificate — very conservative and condemned by the modernising world.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Pius IX had also condemned the claim that “the Pope of Rome could and should come to terms with progress, libertarianism, and modern culture.”


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[7] The appointment of the finding as heresy had created a deep rift between the old papacy and a renewing Europe.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Pius IX had also published a circular attached to it Syllabus errorum, a catalogue of errors in which Pius IX had condemned eighty things he considered modern heretics, among others.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

freedom of conscience, Protestantism, civil marriage, as well as socialism.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[7] [8] During the pontificate of Pius IX, the Pope had lost the Church State following the annexation of United Italy as a military part of Italy.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

This incident had created a dispute, between the Vatican's imprisonment, the papal seat and the Italian state.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

As pope, 1878-1903 Conflict with the Italian state Leo XIII inherited from his predecessor quarrelsome relations with various European states and especially Italy.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Although the Pope was old and espoused several of the teachings of his predecessors, he presented them in a different style from his predecessors.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

When Leo XIII published his first circular, the press noted the resignation of his use of language from Pius IX's use of language.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Although at the same time, it was pointed out that, although pleasant, the papal language was as stark in the content of his messages as it was during Pius IX.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[9] Leo XIII still hoped for the reclamation of the Church State, and even he did not leave the Vatican after becoming pope.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

He even threatened to sever diplomatic relations with all European states whose heads would accept the invitation of the King of Italy and pay him a state visit.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Two important influencers living in Rome, the Pope as well as the King of Italy, both considered themselves to be the city's sole and proper ruler.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[10] Leo XIII organised a number of celebratory events and receptions during which the pope appeared in his regalia and was carried on a papal stump chair.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII therefore behaved as if he was still a princely bishop ruling the Church State.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Some of Rome's old nobility, a posse dubbed the “black nobility”, refused to accept invitations from the King of Italy to their respective celebrations, as the pope had ordered them to do.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The Pope still had supporters in Rome and elsewhere in the world, even though the Church State was lost.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The conflict between the Pope and the Italian state continued as a minor provocation by sides and otherwise.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The centenary celebrations of the death of Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire were particularly spectacular, and in 1889 a statue of Giordano Bruno, whom the Inquisition had condemned to the stake, was erected with the greatest festivities in Rome.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Celebrating the conquest of Rome in 1895, a statue of Giuseppe Garibaldi was erected in Rome at the end of sight from the papal palace.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Garibaldi had been an Italian nationalist and freedom fighter who had been involved in annexing the Church State to Italy.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

One indication of Italy's provocation towards the papal seat was also the granting of the Jesuit headquarters as a venue for the International Union of Freethinkers in 1904.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The meeting day was the anniversary of the loss of the Church State, or 20 September.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Under Pope Leo XIII, Italian-papal relations did not improve significantly, but this dispute somewhat benefited both sides.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Since the pope's voice was still being listened to in the world, it was important to the Italian government that this voice was Italian.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

However, the dispute showed the pope is not biased despite his descent.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

This allowed the Italian government to keep the pope neutral, but the Italian pope, and the Pope could take the role of neutral mediator in world politics.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[11] A declaration spoken around the turn of the century in Italy put it this way: [10] Reconciliation with Germany The dispute between the Pope and the Italian state was an expression of papal neutrality and allowed the Pope to play a new role in world politics, namely to act neutral as an intermediary.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[12] 1886 German Reich Chancellor Otto von Bismarck offered Leo XIII just such a role when he asked him to mediate a dispute between Germany and Spain over ownership of an island in the Pacific Ocean.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Von Bismarck's action marked the reconciliation of the papal seat and Germany in the so-called. in a “cultural battle”.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Born in the 1870s, united Germany was Prussian-led and also Protestant in nature, although a third of the country's population professed the Catholic faith.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

By the time Pius IX had declared the Pope infallible in the 1870s, von Bismarck had begun to suspect that German Catholic parties were loyal not to Germany but to Rome.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[12] Von Bismarck had succeeded in pushing through various anti-Catholic measures, including the ban on Catholic priests participating in politics and the expulsion of the Jesuits from the country.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Pope Pius IX had responded to this by declaring all von Bismarck's laws null and void.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

A dispute between the Reich Chancellor and the Pope had resulted in several priests being imprisoned and as many as 1400 parishes without a priest.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[12] Furthermore, the Pope and the Reich Chancellor were so badly mired in strife that it was not possible to achieve reconciliation before the new pope came to power.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

In negotiations with Germany, Leo XIII demonstrated his prowess as a negotiator.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The papal seat can be considered to have survived the controversy as the victor, having only had to transfer two bishops sacked by Germany to other positions.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The German parliament, on the other hand, was forced to relax its anti-Catholic laws, which meant, among other things, that control over Catholic priests ceased, monks and nuns expelled from the country could return to Germany, and German-papal diplomatic relations were re-established.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Relations with France Under Leo XIII, France was the leading Catholic state in Europe.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

However, France had split into two camps, one of which advocated religion and believed in the authority of the Pope within the Church.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Another of the camps, on the other hand, consisted of anti-clerical republicans who believed religion more in science.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Napoleon III's Second Empire had been favourable to the Catholic Church, but after losing the war to Germany, the 1871 Paris Commune had begun, where churches and monasteries had been looted and during which several priests had been shot.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

After the Second Empire, France was succeeded by the Third Republic.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Initially, the Republic supported the Catholic Church as it had, under Pius IX, opposed Germany.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

However, this changed in 1879, when the republicans gained a majority in both chambers of the French parliament.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The republicans opposed the church and priestly power, and they sought to reduce its influence.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Through legislation, the activities of the monasteries became more limited and the Jesuits were expelled from France in 1880.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII declared in his circular in 1892 that the Catholic Church was able to act in harmony with all different forms of government.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[13] He therefore called on the Catholics of France to accept a republic and democracy and to adapt to the status quo.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

However, the exhortation did not work as desired, as the majority of priests and bishops still remained supporters of kingship.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[14] The rift between the Republic and the Catholic Church deepened despite Leo XIII's attempts at conciliation.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Death Leo XIII died on 20 July 1903 after ruling the papal seat for 25 years.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[15] He was 93 years old when he died.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII was a very cultured person during his lifetime, and had known the importance of the Church in the development of Western culture.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Therefore, he had allowed the transfer of the secular remains of the great medieval pope Innocentius III from Perugia to Vatican territory.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII had greatly admired Innocentius III's position as a cultural trendsetter and peacemaker, which is why Leo XIII had asked to be buried near Innocentius III.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

After Leo XIII died, he was not buried in St. Peter's Basil—as has been done to all his successors—but, according to his wish, he was buried in the Lateran Church on the territory of the present Vatican, where the earthly remains of Innocentius III had also been moved.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII's legacy to the Papal See as Pope Leo XIII had been more conciliatory and diplomatic than his predecessors and succeeded in improving relations with various European states.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

He had also taken the papacy's first step to re-evaluating the modern world with his circular Rerum novarum, in which modern society was no longer rebuffed.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[16] This was an important event for the 19th-century papacy, which had for decades been in dispute with a modernising world.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

As pope, Leo XIII also tried to get most of the Catholic clergy to accept a republic, but the clergy refused.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The divide between the church and the republic grew even more, but the pope had done what he could.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Similarly, Leo XIII's mediations between the Papal See and other European states were important and greatly improved the diplomatic relations of the papal seat, which had suffered greatly under Pius IX.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII's activities also include opening the Vatican archives for use by scholars in 1883.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

The pope justified his decision to open the archives to Protestant scholars as well, saying: “The Church has nothing to fear in truth.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

“[13] As a result of Leo XIII's decision, several European states established their own research institutes in Rome.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

At the same time, the states sent their historiographers to consult the archives.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

In addition, the work tasks of the researchers included reproducing documents relating to their own country.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII valued scientific research anyway, as a result of which, among other things, he modernized the Vatican Observatory.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Papal teachings Already under Pius IX, the predecessor of Leo XIII, the Pope had been declared infallible by the First Ecclesiastical Assembly of the Vatican.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

In this case, the delegates summoned to the meeting — all of whom represented the Catholic Church — had defined papal infallibility in the following way: [17] There is no consensus among church historians as to whether Leo XIII ever used the first Vatican Council of Ecclesiastics the ex cathedra right of recitation bestowed upon the pope, on the basis of which the papal proclamations would have been infallible.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Leo XIII's 1896 proclamation of Apostolicae Curae, dealing with the nullity of priestly consecrations in the Anglican Church, is regarded by many as conferred on the authority bestowed by papal infallibility.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[18] [19] On the teachings and circulars of Leo XIII, also the 1891 Rerum Novarum is an important proclamation for the history of the papacy.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

In that circular, the pope was no longer rejecting modern society.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[20] This was an important event for the papacy because Leo XIII's predecessors had for decades condemned modernism and modernizing society, labelling as heresies some things related to the modernising world, such as freedom of religion and conscience [21].


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

That position had created a rift between the papal seat and the modernizing society.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

Rerum Novarum was also a prominent position on socialism.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[20] The Pope, like his predecessors, condemned socialism as a cause, but defended the dignity and human rights of workers and accepted many of their demands.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

He stated that workers were entitled to a decent wage, and accepted their political organization.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

According to Leo XIII, the state should act in such a way that social equality could be achieved.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

There was also criticism of Leo XIII.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

He was appreciated for a more conciliatory attitude than his predecessors towards modern culture, among other things, and for a more peaceful use of language than his predecessors in various controversies, but at the same time his message was seen as being as unconditional and inflexible as in his predecessors' times.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[9] It was the actions of Leo XIII, such as the prohibition of Catholics to participate in politics, the refusal to recognise the Italian state, and the threat of states meddling in conflict between Italy and the Papal See, that precisely helped those opposed to the Church to remain in power.


Question: What did Leo XIII die of?

Leo XIII

[9] The Finnish Finnish commentator on foreign affairs described the content of Leo XIII's last circular published in 1902 as follows: [22] Sources Books Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kaarlo Arffman| title = History of Christianity| publisher = Edita| year = 2004| id = ISBN 951-37-4183-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jussi Hanska| title = Christ's replacements on earth? | publisher = Society of Finnish Literature| year = Vammala 2005| version = History of the Papacy from the Apostle Paul to John Paul another| id = ISBN 951-746-719-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Simo Heininen| title = Larger: History of the papacy | publisher = Edita| year = 2004| id = ISBN 951-37-4184-2}} Network Source references on topic elsewhere Category:Popes Category:Born in 1810 Class:Persons who died in 1903 Class:99.2 Representatives of religions and denominations


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

The Josephson phenomenon is a phenomenon (or, more correctly, a set of phenomena) invented by physicist Brian David Josephson in 1962.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

[1] [2] [3] [4] In such a Josephson joint, a supercurrent may pass under the influence of the tunnel effect, although the voltage difference on different sides of the joint is zero, and the junction itself is not superconducting.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

[1] [2] If, on the other hand, the voltage difference is held constant V {\ displaystyle V}, a sinusoidally varying supercurrent with a frequency of f = 2 e V h {\ displaystyle F=2eV\ mid h} passes through the junction.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

The tunnel phenomenon has been known since the 1950s, but superconducting tunneling showing Cooper pairs was first predicted in 1962.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

[5] [6] If superconductors are interconnected by two or more Josephson junctions, interference phenomena are caused by supercurrents travelling along different pathways in the external magnetic field.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

The Josephson joint can be realized as a so-called point contact of a sharp-pointed superconducting screw when contacting another superconductor or also with a layer of oxide or normal metal between two superconductors.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

Since the frequency f {\ displaystyle f} and voltage V {\ displaystyle V} are accurately measurable, one can use the phenomenon to determine the electron charge e {\ displaystyle e} and the Planck constant h {\ displaystyle h} ratio very accurately.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

In addition, devices based on the Josephson phenomenon make it possible to measure very small voltages (up to 10 − 15 V {\ displaystyle 10^ {-15} V}) and changes in magnetic fields (10 − 13 V) s m − 2 {\ displaystyle 10^ {-13} Vsm^ {-2}}).


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

[2] [1] [6] Josephson phenomenon is a phenomenon in quantum level electrophysics.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

It is used in the new definition of volt.


Question: What is the Josephson phenomenon?

Josephson phenomenon

According to Standard Sources Category:Condensed Matter Physics


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak () is an adventurous superhero in Disney comics, invented in 1969 by Giovan Battista Carpi, Guido Martina and Elisa Penna.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

He is Donald Duck's secret alter ego who fights Duck Castle crime.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak mostly appears in tales by Italian Disney artists, and is a popular character in Donald Duck's pocketbooks.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The original version of The Magic Cloak originated when Italian lovers of Disney comics complained about Donald Duck's continued bad luck.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

As a result of the review, Disney artists Giovan Battista Carpi, Guido Martina and Elisa Penna decided to make Aku a masked vigilante and gave this alter ego the name Paperinik, which was a reference to the popular Italian cartoon character Diabolik.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The Magic Cloak also drew influences from Batman, Fantômas, and Zorro.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak made her debut on 8 June 1969 in the two-part story Paperinik il diabolico vendicatore, which appeared in Finland in Donald Duck's pocketbook issue 41 as Aku's character change.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

In the story, Aku finds out that he has won the Rose Castle villa abandoned in the lottery.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

However, he soon discovers that the postman who provided the ownership papers had confused him with Hansel Hanhe, who in reality won by the lottery.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Aku does not care about correcting the error, but goes to check the location of the building.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Inside the villa, he finds, under the cushion of an armchair, an old diary that once belonged to the original owner of the Castle of Rose, the gentleman thief Fantom Duck.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Using the diary, he found Fantom Duck's outfit and decided to pose as the Magic Cloak to get revenge on the individuals who had wronged him.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

At the end of the story, Hansel accidentally destroys the Rose Castle by lighting a bundle of dynamite disguised as a candle.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Battery's character change has also been published in Donald Duck's pocketbook special issue Shadow of the Cloak and the 19th theme issue Double Lives.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

In his debut appearance, the Magic Cloak did not yet have a mask on his face.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

He used it for the first time in the next Taikaveka story, Taikacape pacing (Paperinik alla risco), published in Finland in the pocketbook Aku Taikacape and later in the shadow of the Viita.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

In his early appearances, the Magic Cloak was not a superhero but rather a vigilante whose most frequent victims were Hansel the Goose and Scrooge the Duck.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

However, later Disney artists turned him into the current kind of superhero because they began to regard the Magic Cloak as too sinister a character — at times the Magic Cloak could treat his victims in very cruel and vicious ways.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Today, the Magic Cloak is a much more heroic character whose opponents include Bear Kopla, Milla Magia, Kroisos Pennonen and a large number of supervillains and criminal masterminds intended as disposable characters.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The Magic Cloak uses special equipment designed by Pelle the Fearless in the fight against crime.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

These include, but are not limited to, bounce boots that enable high jumps, forgetfulness pills that cause memory loss, and a large number of different masks.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Battery's bedroom wardrobe has a secret elevator that allows access to the secret hideout of the Magic Cloak.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The hideaway is located below Aku's household and serves as a warehouse for Magic Cloak gear.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

In Donald Duck's pocketbook number 56, Magic Cloak gets an opponent, Cinquefoil Goose, president of the Duck Castle Women's Association, gave Iines Duck special equipment and made her a Female Cloak.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

In a five-pane scene, the Magic Cloak and the Female Cloak faced off after the Magic Cloak captured Karhukopla.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The story has been republished in Donald Duck's pocketbook theme issue Kaak!


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

— Donald Duck's many faces.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Donald Duck's Pocket Books The magic cape plays a starring role in many Donald Duck pocketbooks, including 41.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Donald Magic Cloak 48.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic cape again in swing at 56.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The Magic Cloak gets the opponent 72.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak Araptures 80.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak Dance Call 98.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Star Moments of the Magic Cloak 119.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

121 happens to the Magic Cloak.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Way to the Magic Cape 125.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The magic cloak is not betrayed 139.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak and Kumi-Kalle 174.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The Magic Cloak Economic Crisis 237.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Professional helper 259.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak on the Verge of the Abyss 275.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Luunelonen 297.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Star duo 323.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Night Shift 341.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Breakthrough 352.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Duty calls 361.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Concealed Life 371.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

All on line for 376.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Time Jump 382.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Lookout 399.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Spirit of the game 407.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Yrmy of the night 422.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Flock of Heroes 434.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Cape might 444.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Tuima for Tuimi The magic cape is also starring in Donald Duck's pocketbook special issue Shadow of the Cape and the theme of the pocketbook 19: The Double Life.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

A revised version of PKNA (Taikacape 2000) In the late 1990s, Italian duck artists developed a new album series called PKNA — Paperinik New Adventures, best known in Finland as Taikavita 2000.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

In the new series, Duck Castle was presented as a somewhat more futuristic place than traditional, and Magic Cloak's adventures often took her to various science fiction-type environments such as space, the future, or virtual reality.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

As his sidekick, the Magic Cloak was able to replace Pelle the Fearless with an artificial intelligence developed by inventor Everett Ducklair, who lives on the secret floor of the Ducklair Tower owned by Scrooge Duck.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The new archenemies of the Magic Cloak were represented, among others, by the belligerent alien conquistadors Evrons and the Timer, a time-travelled criminal from the 13th century.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The Magic Cloak 2000 albums differed greatly from the rest of Donald Duck production.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

They contained a lot of violence and fast-paced action — as the series progressed, individuals could even be killed.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The visual style of the albums had been influenced by manga and US superhero comics.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The series were often more adult in terms of plot, thematics, and events compared to traditional Disney comics, often dealing with topics such as ecological, human, or even societal.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

PK2 and PiKappa PKNA had e.g.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Italy, Sweden and Denmark huge success.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

It was published for over 50 issues, after which it changed its name to PK2.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

In this case, the series underwent other changes, particularly in terms of setting and characters.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

When revamped, the series was unable to its former popularity, leading to its discontinuation after 18 issues.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

As the PK2 series dragged on its last, the creators were already concentrating on developing a third new Magic Cloak series.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The first issue of the album series titled PK PiKappa was released immediately in the month following the discontinuation of PK2 and has therefore misleadingly been referred to as PK3 as well.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

PiKappa was to “relaunch” the PKNA series that turned out to be a loss, while rewriting the entire birth story of the Magic Cloak character.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Many of the characters and setups in the series were the same as those in PKNA, although not the same time continuum existed between these series.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Pikappa's stories were also somewhat more child-friendly compared to the previous two publications.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

PiKappa divided readers' opinions even more drastically than its predecessor PK2, but the series was eventually published in 32 issues.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Subsequently, upstream issues of the PKNA series began to be published in reprints under the name PK Reloaded.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Paperinik New Era The original PKNA/PK2 series received a continuation with the Paperinik New Era series, which was started in Italy in 2014.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The series was relaunched by its original creators, and its publication still continues, with a new issue appearing approximately every six months.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Published in Finland, PKNA series was published in 1999-2000 also in Finland as the title magazine Taikavita 2000 (from the album Tulimyrsky tundra onwards only Taikapieta, in some contexts also the new adventures of Taikapieka).


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The album series was successful, initially remaining only 14 issues.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The reasons for this are given e.g.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

magazine comparatively expensive price as well as the editorial decision to initially publish the first two volumes of the series, but jump from the third issue onwards in order of publication to 35 issues ahead.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The decision was justified to readers by moving to the same publishing pace with other Nordic countries, but as the events of the series progressed chronologically from part to part, it was presumably difficult for Finnish readers to get on the cart for an advanced story.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

The parts published in Finland in 2000 contained plenty of references to characters and events in previous parts of the series, over which the Finnish publication order had been jumped.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

As of June 2014, the Taikacape 2000 series began to be republished in Finnish as part of Donald Duck's pocketbook: Super book series.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

This time, the series is scheduled to be released in the original order from the first part onwards.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Magic Cloak 2000/Magic Cloak Magazines 1999: Attack of the Evrons Wind of Time 2000: Stowaway Far, Far Under the New Sun Mystic Chronoricle Deep Breath Firestorm on the Tundra Squid Eye Prisoners of Time on the Dark Side Operation Vulcan of Shadows from countries published in the AATK SUPER book series Attack of Evrons (SUPER 1) Wind of Time (SUPER 2) Xadhum!


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

(SUPER 3) Shadows of Venus (SUPER 3) Two (SUPER 4) Cold Sun (SUPER 4) Earthquake!


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

(SUPER 5) Once a hero, always a hero (SUPER 5) Spores!


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

(SUPER 6) Invasion!


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

(SUPER 6) Return (SUPER 7) Moon Sources (SUPER 7) Trauma (SUPER 8) Urk (SUPER 8) Option (SUPER 9) Grab the moment (SUPER 9) Video game Magic Cloak 2000 has also been made based on the video game Disney's PK: Out of the Shadows, which has also been released in Finland for PlayStation 2 and For Nintendo GameCube consoles.


Question: Who invented the Magic Cloak, an adventurous superhero in Disney comics?

Magic Cloak

Category:Donald Duck comic characters Category:Superheroes en:Donald Duck in comics #Paperinik (Duck Avenger)


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete, when produced, is a mass in liquid form that, through the chemical reaction of its raw materials, hardens into a solid, stone-like form.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete is one of the most important and used building materials in various types of structures and building parts.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete consists of frame material, cement and water, as well as any additional and alloy materials.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Frame material is granular stone whose grain size and distribution can be affected by adjusting the properties of the finished building part.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Cement, on the other hand, causes the chemical reaction required for hardening with water.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

By adding additional and alloying substances, various properties of concrete can be affected.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The additives can affect, e.g. frost resistance, suppleness and hardening.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

On the other hand, alloying agents can be influenced by e.g.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

workability, constancy and strength.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Also, to the hardened, pleasing concrete is bonded so-called gel water.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

After the initial rapid hardening of the mass, the chemical reaction continues slowly until all the ingredients are fully bonded - concrete, well-proportioned with its raw materials, hardens another twenty years after casting.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete strength Concrete is defined by numerous grades of different strength characteristics.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In concrete standards, the rating of compressive strength is based on cubic strength, which is tested using side-gauge 150 mm test cubes that are compressed with sulfur.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The strength is indicated as a K number, megapascal (MPa) is used as a unit.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete up to K100 (compressive strength 100 MPa) can be produced under laboratory conditions, but the highest strengths in site use are K70.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

High-strength concrete may be needed, for example, for the foundations and lowest floors of skyscrapers, as well as for the foundations of large machines.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Cracking of a concrete structure always means exceeding the tensile strength.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

It can be caused by internal stresses in the structure, e.g., uneven distribution of temperature during the hardening of the structure or external loads.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete reinforcement Concrete structures include unreinforced and reinforced concrete structures.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Reinforced concrete structures include reinforced concrete structures and tensioned structures.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Unreinforced structures are designed in such a way that concrete alone can withstand the stresses that come to the structure.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Reinforced concrete structures are designed so that the concrete and reinforcement, acting together, can withstand stresses on concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Hardened concrete is quite resistant to compressive forces, but tensile stress poorly, only about a tenth of compression resistance.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Even in ancient times, however, even demanding structures have been built on the concrete type masses, for example, the dome of the temple of the Pantheon.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The structure can be strengthened by means of steel reinforcement, allowing the reinforcement to absorb tensile stresses and concrete compressive stresses.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The adhesion between concrete and reinforcement bars therefore ensures that tensile stresses are transferred from the concrete to the reinforcement bars.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Steel and concrete have nearly the same coefficient of thermal expansion, so the structure remains intact even when temperatures change.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Reinforcement by pre-tension The limitations and disadvantages caused by the modest tensile strength of concrete can be significantly reduced by using the tension of concrete structures.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Typical examples of tensioned structures are beams, vaults, and bridge structures, whose load-bearing capacity can be significantly increased by tension.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The tension allows slender structures to be used and lengthened spans compared to traditional reinforced concrete construction.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The tensioned concrete structure has numerous advantages: the non-cracked tensioned structure receives good corrosion protection and the structure becomes waterproof (essential for parking houses, for example) the deformation of the tensioned structure is less than that of non-exciting ones (e.g. beam deflection) deformations are well restored and the structure becomes ductile The structure has good fatigue strength and is suitable for example for a collision-prone flexible structure, which requires suppleness, slenderness and high fractional strength Tensioned concrete structures are much used in bridges, elements , industrial buildings, reservoirs, dams, water towers and other structures aimed at achieving good tightness, durability and strength in a cost-effective manner.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

History Concrete type of substance called opus caementicium was used as early as the ancient Roman period.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete structures made in this case have survived until modern times.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Reasons for their durability include aluminum-rich volcanic ash added to the cement and purity of limestone.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

[1] However, with the decay of Roman culture, the use of concrete waned and in the Middle Ages it was practically not even known.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In the 19th century concrete came into reuse and in the 20th century its use expanded considerably due to the development of a combination of reinforcement and concrete, reinforced concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Similarly, the development of casting in concrete formwork increased the possibilities of using the substance.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Formwork allowed concrete to be cast into a very wide variety of different shapes.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete Raw Materials Aggregate aggregates of different granularity are used as a frame material for concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Of the concrete submaterials, the aggregate volume is approximately 65—80%.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The properties of aggregates play a great role in the properties of concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

As an aggregate, in principle, any sufficiently strong and compact stones can be used that do not participate in cement reactions or worsen the shelf life of concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Most commonly, natural aggregates are used as aggregates for concrete, which can be either modified by nature or mechanically crushed.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In Finland, mechanically crushed granite-based natural aggregate is usually used.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Artificial aggregates, e.g. expanded clay or brickwork, can also be used as aggregates.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The aggregate used as a concrete backbone must be suitable for its intended purpose, i.e. it must not contain harmful amounts of substances that have a debilitating effect on the properties of concrete or reinforcement in concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Therefore, aggregates must not contain, for example, debris, oil or ice.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Granularity refers to the weight ratios of different amounts of granules contained in aggregate.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Granularity describes the sizes and distribution of aggregate granules.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Granularity is usually defined by sifting.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The objective of granularity design is to select the grain distribution so that the granules compress well into each other's holiday, thus creating a dense and well-composed structure.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

For good strength, at least two varieties of aggregates are recommended to be used: fine (for example, from 0 to 8 mm) and coarse (for example, from 8 to 16).


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Stone granules of several sizes are located on each other's holidays, so the adhesive area of the aggregate increases.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Water Water used for concrete mixture must be clean.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

As a rule of thumb, potable water is also good enough for making concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Cement reacts chemically with water when the concrete hardens and this allows, for example, concrete to be poured underwater, as long as care is taken not to wash out the cement.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Water is needed in the act of concrete in the cement binding reaction, but it remains in the concrete elsewhere as well.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In the production of concrete, a significant amount affecting strength and weather resistance is the water/cement ratio.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Water should be at least 0.4 parts of cement so that the cement reacts completely.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

A ratio of up to 0.7 is commonly used to achieve suppleness, but then strength, tightness and a few other properties are lost.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Cement Cement is a hydraulic binder that, when reacted with water, forms a durable final product.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The chemical composition of cement affects both the workability of fresh concrete and the shelf life of hardened concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The properties of concrete, e.g. strength, heat development and chemical resistance, can also be influenced by the choice of cement.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

According to concrete standards, the cement used to make concrete must be CE marked and meet the requirements of the cement standard SFS-EN 197-1.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The standard specifies the requirements for composition and quality of ordinary cement.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Cement consists of natural materials, limestone, quartz and clay.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Already the Romans mastered the manufacture of a kind of concrete type mass, they used as raw material the quartz-rich aggregate of the volcano Vesuvius.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The ash-like crush was ground until smooth and burned at high temperature.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Ancient concrete is more durable than modern, although it lacks reinforcement.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

[2] Alloying materials As a binding and framing material for concrete, mineral alloying materials, such as e.g.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

fly ash, blast furnace slag powder and silica.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Fly ash is a pozzolan produced in the burning of finely ground coal.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Fly ash can act as aggregate or binder in concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Blast furnace slag powder is a finely ground granulated blast furnace slag with latent hydraulic properties.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The water demand for blast furnace slag powder is small, so it clamps concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Silica is a very fine substance that is extracted from flue gases in the manufacture of pie and elemental silicon.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Silica significantly increases the strength of concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In addition, silica improves the chemical resistance, consistency, tightness and waterproofing of concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Additives The properties of the concrete mix can be regulated among others.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

with various additives.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The amounts of additives in concrete are very small compared to the quantities of other raw materials in concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The use of additives is aimed at improving the technical characteristics of concrete and the economy of concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Typical additives for concrete include e.g.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

pushers, retarders and pores.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

By poring concrete, it is possible to improve its frost resistance.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The retarder, on the other hand, gives the transfer of concrete binding to a later date.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Toozers work between cement and water and improve the machinability of concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Preparation of concrete mix at the site Self-made concrete is advantageous when a site mixer is available and the required amount of concrete is not more than a few hundred liters.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Self-made concrete is also affected by the accessibility and good availability of the necessary frame material (gravel/sand).


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Ingredients for concrete can be dispensed in volume portions.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

A commonly used mixer at the site is a small free-fall mixer with a volume of 120—200 liters.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The dose of concrete to be prepared with a mixer can only be about 2/3 of the water volume.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

To ensure an effective blend, you should always prepare full portions.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The dose should always be at least 1/5 of the water volume.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

As a self-made strength class can only be guessed, but a table (3 class of structures) has been given to determine the strength up to C15/20 with a sufficiently high degree of certainty.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The limitation of the concrete self-mixer to strength class C15/20 applies only to load-bearing structures (a higher value may not be used in calculations), but for example, yard tiles can be made even if C25/30 or even C50 of concrete (if it happens to be found, or able to do it), then they are resistant to weather well and don't break easily.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Preparation of concrete is started at the site by mixing water, cement and frame material among themselves.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete begins to harden immediately upon reacting with water - the reaction is admittedly quite slow.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Table.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Alloy ratios of 3 grade concrete volumetStrength class Mn/m^2 Minimum cement quantity kg/m^3cementfine-graasomeroa or crushed stone gradeK2030012,52,5K15250123K10200144 [3] At present, concrete is not produced at construction sites if the required quantities exceed 1m3, or there is no movable concrete station.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete is delivered to the site by rotary tanker trucks.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The load is unloaded by the demolition piston of the concrete truck directly to the casting site, from the car to the concrete pump or to the receiving funnel at the site, from where it is transferred by crane to the casting site.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Pumping concrete is the fastest and most economical way to cast in large casts.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Casting work The most suitable temperature for casting concrete is +20°C or slightly below.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Some castings can be done at temperatures as low as 15°C frost, as when hardened, the concrete releases some heat.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Prepared drain can also be artificially heated by various methods.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

If there is too much frost, the concrete will not harden and will go spoiled, i.e.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

it doesn't harden anymore at a later stage.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The concrete is cast into the formwork and after about two days, the concrete has hardened sufficiently to remove the mold.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

When making large casts, concrete is prevented from warming up too much by pouring water over it, as a large concrete mix may develop enough heat to split itself as it expands.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Especially in the first few days, concrete is sensitive to crack.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete should also be prevented from drying out in order for all cement to react with water and to achieve full strength.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The interface between concrete and brick is problematic, as the brick absorbs water too quickly and strongly for ordinary concrete grades.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete is considered to have reached its full strength after about 28 days.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete hardens even after this - in fact, hardening continues for years, in large castings even decades.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete Bottom Structure The structure of load-bearing or ground-based concrete floor slab includes a coronary layer including a load-bearing and capillary water rise, a layer of screed sand with possible filtration fabrics, and a thermal insulation layer, typically made of polystryrene sheets.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

It is recommended to use a layer of coronary at least 300 mm thick, as a material, for example, washed crushed stone.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The coronary layer is leveled and compacted.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The crushed stone can still be straightened and leveled with a layer of sand mounted on top of the filter fabric, on top of which thermal insulators and reinforcing mesh are usually installed.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Pre-work of floor casting Before starting casting, it is necessary to measure height marks with a sufficiently dense scale on the surrounding walls.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Heel loaves hanging from the ceiling are also often used to mark the middle floor rate.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Usually a meter of heel from the finished floor surface is used, but the marking set at eye height makes it easier to work.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Measuring from the heel markers, the concrete casting leveler can monitor and monitor the height position and smoothness of the floor.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The necessary installations of building technology, for example, wells, sewers, water pipes and electrical cables must be installed in place before concrete casting.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Concrete floor slab raw materials and surface treatment Stone crushed stone is a suitable aggregate for use in floor concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

It conveniently contains all the roughness, from the finest to the roughest, but not the bigger stones, which would significantly hamper the leveling work.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The floor base should not be too loose, that is, running.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In particular, if there are floor drains, the concrete must be sufficiently rigid to allow the necessary pours to be formed into the mass.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Casting a concrete floor First the main, that is, the concrete mix is aligned either as a straight floor or poured into wells; for example, sauna and shower facilities, garages, etc. With alignment, the floor acquires its shape and straightness.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Then wait for the floor to dry appropriately, after which it is rubbed flat with a wooden load and a final finish of the surface is made, that is, “gliding” right after the stern.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Massage, or hand-sliding, is started from the same end of the floor as where the alignment was started, because the concrete dries as it is aligned.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In hand gliding, move on the “knee plates” sensibly from the starting end to the end, however, so that each point becomes rubbed/triggered.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Sometimes a mere rougher wood spatula rub is enough.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Depending on the processing, we are talking about a wood-rubbed or steel-cut surface.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Prefabricated concrete blocks Instead of building parts that are cast at the site, prefabricated concrete blocks are often used: pillars, hollow slabs, walls and facade elements.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The elements can be very advanced, for example, facade elements with an inner layer, thermal insulation and an outer layer.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In addition to reinforcement, in terms of load-bearing capacity and strength, the surface of the concrete block is the most important components, as it is usually subjected to the greatest forces.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In low-quality elements, the surface easily cracks over time.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The surface of the elements can be treated in different ways: the fine matter of the surface can be washed off (so-called washing concrete), the surface can be polished, acid-treated or coated with stone, brick or clinker tiles.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

In the concrete mix, a color-giving pigment can also be used.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The elements are raised into place and attached to each other typically by a whale.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The elements can be standardized up to standard products: for example, various concrete pipes and piles are used a lot.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Prefabricated construction is very fast compared to stationary casting.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

The advantage, in addition to speed, is also better dimensional accuracy of structural elements.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Environmental impact The concrete manufacturing industry produces about five percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Carbon dioxide is produced in a chemical reaction in the manufacture of concrete and emissions are also generated from the processing and transportation of the mass.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Actions have been taken in the industry to reduce emissions.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

[4] Geopolymers are being studied as a replacement for concrete, the manufacture of which is significantly less of a burden on nature than the manufacture of concrete.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Geopolymer is a concrete-like substance created by silicon and aluminium waste material, for example, in the steel and extractive industries.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

[5] See also Concrete mixer Concrete piglet Graphic concrete Self-sealing concrete Aerated concrete (ingots, e.g. Siporex) Moist concrete Mosaic concrete Clush slab Plinth Sources Suomen Concrete Association 2005: Textbook of Concrete Engineering 2004 By 201.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

— Suomen Betontieto Oy.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

Huddersfield.


Question: What is the mass of concrete made of?

Concrete

References on the topic elsewhere (pdf) * Category:Sculpture Materials Category:Key articles in screening


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Can a pregnant woman drink almost non-alcoholic beer?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Can it be possible to drink beer with alcohol 0.5% when pregnant, that is, can a small amount of alcohol or hops used in beer be harmful to the child?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—188.67.71.17 5 September 2015 at 3:08pm (EEST) Pregnancy and alcohol: “Studies have not been able to define an absolute safety limit for alcohol consumption during pregnancy.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

The goal, therefore, is to completely stop drinking alcohol before pregnancy.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Full sobriety is the only safe option.”


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Urjanhai (debate) 5 September 2015 at 3:20pm (EEST) What about completely non-alcoholic beer?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Is hops harmful to the child?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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It is, as far as I understand, cannabis-related, if considerably milder intoxicating.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—87.93.116.218 September 11, 2015 at 4:11pm (EEST) Non-alcoholic beer is just as dangerous as alcoholic, because the pregnant person should not drink beer at all and drinking non-alcoholic beer can lead to drinking alcohol.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Non-alcoholic beer is not sold to minors.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Mummy + Cancer Patient (discussion) October 9, 2015 at 00:17 (EEST) Höpsis.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Feathers (debate) 14 October 2015 at 01:47am (EEST) Are you saying that non-alcoholic beer can be drunk completely safely while pregnant?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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I would welcome serious answers to my question.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—87.95.170.40 17 October 2015 at 3:33pm (EEST) So, is there more to the foetus or embryo in beer than alcohol?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Nenoniel (debate) November 6, 2015 at 10:19pm (EET) If you cannot not drink beer during pregnancy, then hopefully your child will be taken into care.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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You don't sound very responsible.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Gdfgsfsdf (debate) on 11 October 2015 at 11:22pm (EEST) Höpsis.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Feathers (debate) 14 October 2015 at 01:47am (EEST) Wikipedia coffee rooms or online forums in general are not a good place to ask for medical advice.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Couldn't these questions be removed at the same time and direct the questioner to ask their doctor about it?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Here anyone can answer anything and someone might believe the answer.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Otrfan (debate) 17 October 2015 at 3:46pm (EEST) It would be better to instruct the questioners in more detail.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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The column is called “ask freely” and the guidelines do not delineate medical advice.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Someone reading the column could have faced the same problem before and therefore know how to answer it.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Not everyone can afford to go to the doctor for every little question.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—176.93.215.112 15 November 2015 at 1:06pm (EET) And if any unknown person on the internet says they know how to answer a medical question, then you will believe the answer.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Go ahead.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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It's not like the health of the child.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Otrfan (debate) 17 December 2015 at 6:24pm (EET) I do assume goodwill from people, but I am also critical of the responses of online columns.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Urjanhai, for example, only provided a link to the Health Library page, so I find his answer quite reliable.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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If you can afford to see a doctor anytime you want, good luck to you.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Not everyone just in the modern world has.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—188.67.182.53 January 12, 2016 at 4:01pm (EET) It is if you don't drink beer.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Even alcohol-free.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

edit: self can afford doctor visits and beer.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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There wouldn't be a child.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Everyone has their own priorities when it comes to spending money.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Otrfa (debate) 12 January 2016 at 4:08pm (EET) Non-alcoholic beer costs less than 50 cents per can at its cheapest, so this is not a priority issue.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

If your intention was to blame the expectant mother for drinking non-alcoholic beer, then you would go for yourself.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—176.93.162.179 11 February 2016 at 10:50am (EET) The intention was to be guilty of having a child, even if you cannot afford to see a doctor.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Taxpayers are clapping their hands at getting yet another mouth to support.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Otrfan (debate) 12 February 2016 at 2.30 pm (EET) it is necessary to obtain an authority to grant child permits in Finland.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

As it stands, the underprivileged are multiplying far too much.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

GoPase+F (debate) February 12, 2016 at 2:47pm (EET) I can afford to see a doctor if necessary, but there are more important things on the priority list than paying for a doctor's time to ask if I can drink non-alcoholic beer while pregnant.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Eating healthily, for example, costs more in today's world than eating unhealthily.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

I know a lot of people who make more money than me but don't know how to spend it and constantly complain about their poverty.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

I've never experienced being poor, even though my income is small.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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I think your writing is improper.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—87.95.110.67 February 22, 2016 at 4:42pm (EET) There may also be small amounts of alcohol in red wine sauce: —87.93.2.10 December 17, 2015 at 6:18pm (EET) I will write here my meta comment that this appears to be a durable topic that will never reach the archive because this there will always be new text before 30 days have elapsed since the previous comment.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

The original question has been asked in September 2015 and further in February 2016 about this being ground.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

This is very rare, as far as I can tell.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

At least I haven't seen anything like this recently.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Pxos (debate) 12 February 2016 at 2:08pm (EET) No law prohibits us from filing such a subject if necessary, even if the vending machine does not do it.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Jmk (debate) 12 February 2016 at 2:10pm (EET) My calculated time is April, perhaps the topic will fall into oblivion after that.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—87.95.110.67 22 February 2016 at 5:04pm (EET) When childbirth starts, be sure to ask this column for advice.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Otrfan (debate) 22 February 2016 at 5:09pm (EET) Just! you hardly know how to give birth without advice!


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—194.111.66.13 February 28, 2016 at 3:20pm (EET) I can hardly afford even childbirth.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

You probably have to ask wikipedia for advice on diapers as well.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

I wonder if taking custody would be the best option after all.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—130.232.199.7 March 17, 2016 at 09:57 (EET) Crossing the eyes What does it mean to cross the eyes?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

So it's a religious gesture.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—37.33.241.61 January 15, 2016 at 7:15pm (EET) Making the Sign of the Cross.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Thi (debate) 15 January 2016 at 7:39pm (EET) May refer specifically to a small sign of the cross on the face, but this is only a guess.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Pitke (debate) 15 January 2016 at 7:53pm (EET) Jarva Does anyone remember a woman named Jarva who was much in the public eye in the back years, maybe in the 70's or 80's.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

He was four and fifties at the time, in pictures I would say lush.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

The impression is that there was something to do with a populist thing, but I don't remember what.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—85.76.73.207 16 January 2016 at 09:20 (EET) That there would have been no Marita Jurva?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

-93.106.42.32 20 January 2016 at 00:11 (EET) The same thing I thought before.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Jurvahan was much featured in Smile and similar magazines back in the day because of his detective charms.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

I couldn't even remember later ending up as an MP.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

—Otrfan (debate) 20 January 2016 at 01:43am (EET) Size of space What is the area of the Milky Way?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

What about which galaxy Voyager 1 is currently in and will the probe practically continue its journey through space forever without the risk of colliding with anything?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

What if, in theory, a person travelled to the “border” of space and touched it so would it feel like a soft film or a hard wall? —62.80.158.106 January 17, 2016 at 12:08pm (EET) The Milky Way is a flat-electric sympathic wafer approximately 100,000—170,000 light-years in diameter, that is, a radius of half of it.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

If you say that the radius is 80,000 light years and you look at the disc “from above” then from there the surface area of the disc would be approximately the area of the circle, 3.14 × 80000² ≈ 2 × 1010 square light years.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

If you look at the puck from the other side then you can probably think there's the same amount of surface area more.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Approximately roughly.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Voyager 1 has only barely made it out of our own solar system, having travelled about 15 billion.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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km, or 0.0016 light years.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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So it's still nowhere near getting out of the Milky Way.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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It's not very easy to run into anything, because interstellar space is pretty much filled with nothing and stars sparse.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Jmk (debate) 17 January 2016 at 1:12pm (EET) There is not much worth talking about the “boundary” of space yet, because we do not even know if the universe is finite or infinite... -93.106.83.130 17 January 2016 at 15:04pm (EET) And even if space is finite, it will not be there would be no limit.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

The surface area of the sphere is finite, but on the surface the traveler never collides with any boundary.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Just likewise, on a 3-dimensional hypersurface of a 4-dimensional sphere (en:3-sphere) one can go around though indefinitely.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

jni (k) 19 January 2016 at 20:18 (EET) Drawing of crossing the firmament Continued from the previous one: what is the drawing or painting in which a traveller who has arrived at the border of heaven and earth puts his head through the firmament and sees wonderful things there?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

The man's body is on the ground but his head on the other.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

That's all I remember about it.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

Archive 42

Vissi from the 14th—18th century, maybe.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Pxos (debate) 17 January 2016 at 12:20pm (EET) EN:Flammarion engraving —Jmk (debate) 17 January 2016 at 12:56pm (EET) Simo bug Mm.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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a bug called SV:simo (djur) occurs in the swe-wiki.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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I wonder what the bug is about.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Was hilariously bot linking Simon locality photos to galleries. —Richard-59 (debate) 17 January 2016 at 3:48pm (EET) A genus of beetles belonging to the suffocate beetles.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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The Encyclopedia of Life appears in a few images.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Silvonen (debate) 17 January 2016 at 6:28pm (EET) Whisky I thought of a new job in honour of buying a bottle of some fine Scotch malt whisky.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Anyone know how to recommend a sign?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Whisky must be found in Alko's range (I can easily visit the big Alko in the centre of Kamppi). I don't start ordering it abroad.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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The price is capped at around €150.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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I particularly like smoky, peat-flavoured whiskies.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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JIP (discussion) 18 January 2016 at 11:29pm (EET) Most likely, the seller of Alko knows better.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Makele-90 (debate) 18 January 2016 at 11:38pm (EET) A few periods ago there was some outrage called “whiskygate” in the warring media, which I suppose at its core was that it does not get better to talk about alcohol on the Internet.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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I guess so.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Pxos (debate) 19 January 2016 at 00:09 (EET) Lagavulin 16, Laphroaig?


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Though they're not my favorite whiskers, but they're quite drinkable.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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—Raid5 (debate) 19 January 2016 at 01:56am (EET) My favourites are Lagavulin 16yrs already mentioned above.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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and additionally Bowmore 10 yr old.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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You'd think these would meet your criteria for smokiness and turfiness.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Ardbeg is good too and the article rightly notes it as strongly peat-flavored.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Too bad Port Ellen is no longer manufactured.


Question: Whose song from the end of the 1980s was I've Got the Power?

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Whatever you choose, be sure to check that the corresponding article here is up to date (or even exists, assuming of course there is a well-known distillery), while sipping your prize whiskey!