Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

During the Great French Revolution, the island had 100,000 inhabitants, 14000 of whom were white and the rest were African slaves and their descendants.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The island was captured by the English in 1794.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

A few months later rose a convention sent by Frenchman Victor Hugues with his small army ashore.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

He abolished slavery and expelled the British with the support of the black population in 1794.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Hugues executed the nobles and grand ranchers who had sided with the English.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Napoleon Bonaparte sent General Richepense to the island to restore order during the Black Rebellion.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Slavery was restored in 1802 and finally abolished in 1848 [7].


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The English reoccupied the island in 1810, but it was reclaimed in 1816.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[7] In the 19th century, sugar companies in Embämaa took the place of major plantations.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

This caused social problems in the 19th and 20th centuries.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

In 1825, a hurricane wreaked havoc on Basse-Terre, and 1897 Guadeloupe was ravaged by an earthquake [7].


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

In 1925, a hurricane killed 2000 people in Pointe-a-Pitre, and 90% of residential buildings were destroyed [7].


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The French department of the island became in 1946.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[7] In March and May 1967, the national organization, influenced by Maoism and Castrolism, revolted and demanded independence for Guadeloupe.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

In January 1971, workers in the sugar industry began organizing major strikes and France decided to give the island wider self-government.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The La Soufriere volcano erupted in 1976, when 70,000 people were evacuated from the capital, Basse-Terre.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[7] In 2003, a referendum was held on the island's status as part of France.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The majority did not want change, but based on separate votes, the majority of residents of Saint-Barthélemy and the French-speaking part of Saint-Martin farther north supported secession from Guadeloupe to become their own French Overseas Communities (COM collectivité d'outre-mer).


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[8] In 2009, there were demonstrations and violent protests against low wage levels.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[7] The French government agreed to an increase in wages.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[6] Population The majority of Guadeloupe residents are black descendants of former slaves.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

When slavery was finally abolished in 1848, slaves left the plantations and took up residence in barren uninhabited areas.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Between 1854 and 1885, 42000 Indian contract labourers were brought to the island.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[9] When the wash ended, about 39,000 Indians remained on the island.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Frenchmen, of whom operate in large numbers as civil servants and in managerial positions, make up only a small percentage of the population.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[9] Migration to France increased starting in 1962.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Economy Guadeloupe's most significant natural resource is fertile soil.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The most significant export products are banana, sugar and rum.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Banana farming is threatened by competition from neighbouring regions and protective duties from European states.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The unemployment rate is high and overall the islands' economy is dependent on the financial support of the mother country France.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

The rising cost of living led to violent riots in 2009.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[6] Tourism is a major source of income.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

Many cruise ships stop on the islands, whose passengers are attracted by the islands' beaches, forests and waterfalls.


Question: What is the area of Guadeloupe?

Guadeloupe

[6] Sources on the topic Elsewhere Coordinates: * Category:Key articles on screening


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The whitebeisa (Oryx leucoryx) is a species of ungulate living in the deserts of the Middle East.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

It is the smallest of the three beisa- or spear holding students.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Whitebeans live in small herds.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The species disappeared from the wild in 1972 but has now returned to some areas thanks to plantings.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The proposal by the Commission on Mammal Nomenclature for a new Finnish name for the species is “Arabic spear santilope”.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[1] In size and appearance, the White beisa has a body length of 1.5 to 1.6 metres and a height at the withers between 0.81 and 1.04 metres.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[2] The female has an average weight of 80 kilograms and a male 90 kilograms.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[3] The sexes differ little from each other in appearance.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The body shape is almost identical, though the neck of the female is shorter than that of the male.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[4] Both the male and female have long and thin horns, 60 to 75 centimeters long.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] The female's horns are generally thinner and longer than those of males.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The mane of white beisles extends from head to shoulders and males additionally have a hair bulb on the throat.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[6] The horns are straight and rise almost vertically upwards.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The whitebeisa, as its name suggests, is predominantly white, but has dark brown or black legs.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

However, the ankles are white.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[7] The otherwise white head has dark spots between the horns and on the snout and between the nostrils.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

There is also a dark area under the chin, which continues as a narrow streak up to the dark chest.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] Occasionally, they also distinguish a flank line.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[4] Dark areas are lighter in summer, but are often absent altogether.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[8] Newborn vasas are grey and juvenile specimens pale yellowish brown, but acquire adult coloration at three months of age.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] There is a low hump above the withers.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[9] The tail is 45—60 inches long [7], whitish in colouration except for the black tip tuft.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The ears are long and narrow.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] Applied and shovel-like hooves help white beisa to walk through sandy ground.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[3] Distribution and habitat The distribution of White beisa formerly encompassed the entire deserts and semi-deserts of the Arabian and Sinai Peninsula, Iraq and Syria.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] White Beisa has completely disappeared from Egypt, Syria, Yemen and Kuwait.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The current whitebeises of Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Oman originate from return settlements.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

They have also been moved to Bahrain, where they initially lacked.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[2] [10] Habitat includes rugged plains, as well as sandy and rocky deserts.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

They are also found on the slopes of rocky hills and dense scrubland.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[6] [10] During the summer months, the temperature in the area can reach up to 50°C in the shade.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[3] The development of strains The distribution of White beisa was limited at the beginning of the 20th century.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Iraq's last white beisa died in 1914.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

By 1920, the species was no longer found in two areas.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Another was the isolated population that lived in the northern parts of Saudi Arabia, which disappeared in the 1950s.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The larger southern population lived in and around the Rub' al-Khali Desert, and in the plains of central and southern Oman.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

However, their distribution was constantly shrinking and by the 1960s white beisos were no longer found in parts of southern and central Oman.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The last animals were killed in 1972 in Jiddat al-Harasis.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] [10] Fortunately for the species, several Arab states are working to increase the number of white beisos in captivity.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

A few white beisos were exported in 1962 to the Phoenix Zoo in the United States, which has a climate very similar to that of the countries of origin.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

A few specimens were also obtained from European zoos.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The Whitebeas reproduced successfully in Phoenix.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[2] [7] The whitebeisa returned to the wild when ten semi-wild white beisas were released in Oman.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] The species also returned to Saudi Arabia in 1990.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[11] Around 1,000 white beisas live in the wild today.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The number of individuals living in captivity is estimated at 6000—7000, most of them in the original range.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Some of them live in large walled orchards, which exist in countries such as the UAE, Bahrain, Qatar and Syria.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

An estimated 600 animals live in Saudi Arabia, including about 400 in the Mahazat as Sayd Reserve and the rest in the Uruq Bani Ma'arid Reserve.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

About 200 live in the UAE, more than 100 in Israel and about 50 individuals in Jordan.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The number of animals returned to Oman peaked at more than 450, but the country's stock has plummeted.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

In August 1996 there were still more than 400, but in 2011 there were only 50 of the dogs left.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[10] Poachers caught mainly females and vasts, which were taken for sale to private zoos abroad.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[12] Today there are an estimated 50 white beisas in Oman, but there is not a single female among them.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[10] About a hundred wild animals live in Abu Dhabi, dating from plantations started in 2007.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Return settlements are also being considered for Yemen.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[3] White beisos were introduced to Jordan as early as 1983 [2], but were not released into the wild until July 2009, when 12 females and eight dogs were introduced into the Wadi Rum Reserve from the UAE.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[13] Despite a slight decline in the overall population in the 21st century, the population has nevertheless stabilized and the IUCN raised the classification of the species in 2011 from critically endangered to endangered.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[10] Lifestyles Whitebeis are herd animals.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

They usually live in herds of up to ten individuals, but a herd of up to a hundred animals has been encountered.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

At least captive herds are dominated by a single adult male whose herd additionally includes several adult females and vasas.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Other males live apart as bachelor groups, where they resolve their mutual precedence through chases and battles.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[6] Males can also live as recluses.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[14] Running is a steady horse-like gallop.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[4] Whitebeis dig shallow pits in the shade of trees and shrubs, which they use as resting places during the heat.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[7] Whitebeans live in very large areas as they move from one pasture to another.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

One herd relocated to Oman was reported to be moving in an area of about 3000km² wide, divided into patches of 100—300km² size, which they occupied for 1—18 months at a time.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The population density was only about 0.035 individuals per square kilometer.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[6] White beisa has been described as timid, alert and perceptive.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[6] They use their horns in digging and defending themselves.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The defending animal presses its head down, causing the horns to point straight forward.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] The wolf and man are the only predators of the species.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[14] Vasas are also threatened by jackals [7] and sometimes by aggressive males as well.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

White beises also die during drought from starvation and dehydration, during rainy time animals drown in floods.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

They also die from disease, snakebites and injuries caused by struggles between dogs.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[8] Nutrition White beisa's nutrition includes grasses, shrubs and their leaves, buds, fruits, newly grown parts of trees, seed pods, as well as underground parts of plants such as roots tubers.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

White beisa can get by for several months without water.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] [7] [15] They receive most of the water they need with food, but also receive water from water wells and streams.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[2] In the absence of running water, they also receive liquid from melons and bulbous plants, sufficient for them for a long period of time.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[6] Whitebeis move across large areas in search of sustenance.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

They can smell patches of pasture greened by occasional rains from long distances.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] According to a study conducted in Oman, the species' primary nutrition is downy grasses (Stipagrostis).


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Its leaves are a good source of nutrition, along with other plants, while whitebeise flowers receive proteins and water.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[16] Reproduction and life cycle The reproductive period of white beises varies.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Under favorable conditions, vases arise all year round.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Most whitebeis living in Jordan give birth between October and May.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Around this time, most Omani females also gave birth.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The female gives birth to a single vasa after a carrier period of about eight months.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Twins are extremely rare.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The mother breastfeeds vasa for about 4.5 months.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[6] White bee females reach sexual maturity at just over one year of age.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Males are sexually mature at the age of two, but due to competition from females usually breed no earlier than three years old.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Most females give birth every year if there is sufficient nutrition.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Males and females are born in equal numbers.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[8] Lifespan can be up to 20 years.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[7] Etymology and Classification The scientific name comes from the Greek word orux, meaning gazelle or antelope, and from the word leukos, which means white.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[7] Arabic names for White Beisa include Wudhaihi, Baqr al Wash, and in Oman, Boosohla.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Hebrew names include Re'em lavan and Re'em tenachi.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[17] Russian zoologist Peter Simon Pallas described white beisa for science.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

In a memoir he published in 1767 dealing with the Antilope lineage he first used the word oryx.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

However, he applied the name to the African deer antelope.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

However, the word came into the use of scientific literature.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

In another memoir, published in 1777, the name was used from the Capman beisa.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

In the same work, Pallas used the scientific name Antilope leucoryx for white beisa.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The Frenchman Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville split the Antelope lineage in 1816, thereby adopting the name of the genus of beisas.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

However, the name of the white beisa did not become well established, as German Martin Lichtenstein transferred the species name to leucoryx saber beisa.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

White Beisa was left without a name.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

This changed when two white beisas were donated to the Zoological Society of London in 1857.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

They were the first representatives of the species introduced to Europe alive.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The female soon died, but the male was kept in the British Museum.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

It was initially considered an immature South Africanbeisa (Oryx gazella) until John Edward Gray discovered them to be unknown to him.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

However, Gray did not know how to relate them to the animals described by Pallas, but considered the species new.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Gray unwittingly gave White Beisa the same year the new name Oryx beatrix, in honour of Princess Beatrice.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Oldfield Thomas renamed the saber beisa in 1903 and restored the Oryx leucoryx name to the white beisa.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

However, the species name given by Gray was used persistently for years to come.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[4] Some authorities consider white beisa and other beisa species only to be subspecies of “Oryx gazella”, [4] but for example the Mammal Species of the World and the Integrated Taxonomic Information System classify it as their own species.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[18] [19] In the White Beisa culture, Valkobeisa has been a popular game in its home deserts.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

It has been hunted by Bedouins for its leather and tasty flesh.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

In addition, white beisa blood was believed to have healing powers against snakebites and gunshot wounds.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[5] Big game hunters pursued them to obtain hunting trophies.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The species was hunted for a long time off the backs of camels until hunting intensified as the availability of four-wheeled vehicles and more powerful automatic rifles improved.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[2] [5] Probably only the camel has inspired White Beisa in more Arabic folk tales and poetry.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

They admired its light and used the name “Wahedi Arabi” from it to refer to the pure and bright colouring of white beisa.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

It has also been called a “wild cow” and described as a twinkling star glittering in the sky.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

The Arab poets who wrote about the battles of white beisles against humans and their dogs long ago never hoped for the victory of the hunters.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Poets compared the beisala herd to “a beautiful forest in a barren desert.”


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

Beisa was a symbol of power, dignity and pride because it never escaped a possible battle but, according to them, followed its harasser until it either lost or defeated the attacker.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[20] The white beisa may have contributed to the lore of the unicorn because it can look from the side as if it had only one horn.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

In addition, its run is more akin to the run of a horse than an antelope.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[21] Valkobeisa was the mascot of the 2006 Asian Games held in Doha.


Question: What is the nutrition of white bees?

Whitebeisa

[22] See also White beisa conservation area Sources Category:59.2 Mammals Category:Horse antelopes Category:Endangered mammals


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Species (, abbreviation sp., plural spp.)


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

is a group of organisms in biology whose offspring are able to reproduce with each other [1] or which are similar to each other in some other important ways.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

In taxonomic classification, organisms are classified into a hierarchical system that reflects kinship relationships between species.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The basic unit of this classification is species.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

More than four million of the species living on Earth today have been described and named.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Estimates of the actual number of species generally vary between 5 and 30 million.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

[2] Scientific Species Name According to the rules of nomenclature used in biology, the scientific name of a species consists of two parts (binomial nomenclature), a surname and a species assay.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The latter is also referred to as an epithet in botany.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

For example, the human species name is Homo sapiens, where Homo means human lineage and sapiens is a species attribute whose translation into Finnish is “wise” in this case.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Sweet birch, on the other hand, is Betula pubescens, with Betula being a genus of birches and pubescens an epithet whose translation is “fluffy”.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The surname can be used alone, as each genus has a different name.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

In contrast, the latter part of the species name is not usable on its own, as the same number of species may exist in several species belonging to different genera (for example, the genus of oaks contains the species Quercus pubescens, or lint oak).


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

In practice, species concepts cannot be defined in an unambiguous way, but different species concepts are used in different situations.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

No known definition fits all forms of life.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

[3] Biological species concept The most commonly used species concept is the biological species concept defined by Ernst Mayr, according to which organisms belong to the same species if they are able to produce reproductive offspring with each other under natural conditions.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

By this definition, horse and donkey are different species, as their crossbreeds, or mules, are non-reproductive.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The advantage of biological species conception is that it seeks to identify entities that are not just a figment of the human imagination, but have real biological significance.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The problem is that the biological concept of species is often difficult to apply to practice.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

It is not nearly always possible to determine whether individuals belonging to different populations can reproduce with each other.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

This is the situation, for example, when populations live in different geographical areas, and individuals belonging to them never encounter in the wild.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

A geographic barrier to dispersal may prevent interbreeding between populations that would be able to reproduce with each other if artificially brought next to each other.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Figuring out the interbreeding ability of fossil (extinct) species is also impossible.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The biological species concept is not at all suitable for classifying organisms that reproduce only asexually.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Such are bacteria, for example.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Even the reproductive capacity of offspring is not unequivocally categorized so that it either exists or does not exist.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

In the case of the mule, for example, most individuals are non-reproductive, but cases are also known where the mule has been able to continue the lineage.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The grey gull and dorsal gull live in Finland do not interbreed, but intermediate forms that breed between the species live all over the Northern Hemisphere.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

By biological definition, the grey gull and dorsal gull are merely the extremes of an unbroken orbital species.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

With plants, boundary drawing is even more difficult.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The woodland aspen (Populus tremula) and North American aspen (Populus tremuloides), found in Europe, interbreed into a vibrant hybrid ulcer (Populus × wettsteinii), but this interbreed is non-reproductive.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Many willows, considered different species, on the other hand, interbreed with each other quite easily.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Although the fell birch is considered a subspecies of the soot birch, its lineage is thought to also contain genes from the paltry birch.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

In orchids, even intergenera crosses are known.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Additional species concepts A morphological species concept that distinguishes species based on their morphological structure.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The species is a group of organisms that resemble each other structurally.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

In the ecological concept of species, the classification takes into account differences in the ecology and behaviour of organisms.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The species is defined as a group that inhabit an ecological compartment different from others.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

In the phylogenetic species concept, a species is defined as a lineage or line of development that is distinct from other groups and has its own evolutive orientation.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

According to the cohesion species concept, a species is a group that the cohesion mechanisms of organisms are able to keep consistent.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

These mechanisms can mean, for example, gene exchange and natural selection that keep individuals of a species similar.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

See also Subspecies Form (forma) Breed Variety Specification Cryptic species Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mayr, Ernst| title = Evolution| publisher = WSOY| year = 2003| isbn = 951-0-27897}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Winston, Judith E.| title = Describing Species — Practical Taxonomic Procedure for Biologists| publisher = Columbia University Press| year = 1999| id = ISBN 0-231-06825-5}} References Elsewhere Tiina Raevaara:.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

The Finnish picture magazine on 15 September 2011.


Question: What is the biological concept of a species?

Species

Category:Taxonomy Category:Key articles in screening


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar, or bipolar disorder (formerly also manic-depressivity), is a mood disorder in which mood changes and depression occurs alongside mania.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The classification code for bipolar disorder according to ICD-10 is F31.xx.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In this article, the starting point of the matter is the medical model, i.e. the holistic biopsychosocial necessary model.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The main feature of the disease is mood swings that impair presumed normal functioning.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Predisposition to the disease is to some extent heritable.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Typically, the disease erupts in early adulthood and under the influence of some triggering factor.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

When identified, the disease is typically treatable in such a way that a relatively normal life is possible.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

There are two types of disease, 1 and 2.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Type 1 is more clearly noticeable, especially in the mania phase.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Type 2 can be confused with depression, for example, or go undetected.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

What is bipolar disorder?


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is classified as a disease in the classifications of diseases (ICD-10 or DSM-IV).


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

As in other diseases, mere symptoms or subjective experience or environmental statement of symptoms are not sufficient; in addition to symptoms, the symptoms are accompanied by a significant decrease in functional capacity from a preceding or presumed level.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

At its most extreme, the patient's mood varies between two extremes, from deviant arousal or unrealistic pace, i.e. mania, to deep unrealistic depression or despair, or psychotic depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Depression is of the same type as in “unidirectional” (unipolar) depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is biologically closer to schizophrenia than depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

[1] There are different types of bipolar disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In some patients, mood varies sharply between mania and depression, others have milder manic episodes, so-called hypomanic episodes, and during a mixed episode, the patient has symptoms of both depression and mood elevation at the same time.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is a disease less common than normal depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Classical manic-depressiveness is affected by about one percent of the population.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Different types of bipolar disorder are affected by about five percent of the population.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is estimated that around half of sufferers are properly identified and treated.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is thought that there would be a disorder in the mood regulation system.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The patient reacts to stimuli in a more sensitive and abnormal manner.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Symptoms of the disease are most commonly manifested in early adulthood.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The susceptibility to getting sick passes by family.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The proportion of genesis is of the category of schizophrenia.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It should be noted that the disease itself is not directly inherited, but the predisposition to getting sick under adverse conditions is elevated.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

During fetal development or growth, there may be factors that affect the functioning of the central nervous system and the forms of reactions.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The trigger for illness may be, for example, a stressful situation, an abnormal life situation, or brain damage caused by overuse or other factors.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Many who have subsequently contracted bipolar disorder have described, before and during illness, significant difficulties in regulating their sleep-valve rhythm.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The majority of people with bipolar disorder first suffer from common depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Several also initially suffered from some anxiety symptom, for example panic.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

A diagnosis of bipolar disorder can be set when, in addition to depression, the first manic or hypomanic episode is observed.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Most often, the first clear sign of the onset of mania is a decrease in the need for sleep.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

About a third of patients have constant variation between mania and depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

When going from one extreme to another especially quickly, one speaks of the rapidly varying form of the disease.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

On the other hand, especially in the early stages of the disease can go a couple of years without mood swings.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Once the patient recognizes their situation, treatment is appropriate and a possible medication condition, many or most patients lead mainly normal lives without symptoms of illness.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Four Different Mood Changes F30 Manic Period F30.0 Hypomanic Period (Hypomania) The disorder is characterized by persistent mild mood increase, increased energy and activity.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is also customary to note a sense of feeling good, as well as mental and physical efficiency.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Frequent occurrences, but not to the extent that they lead to serious disruptions at work or social rejection, include increased sociability, increased sexual activity and a decrease in the need for sleep.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Irritable, cranky, swaggering, self-cocky and cheeky behavior can come sometimes instead of the more common overactive sociability.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

There are no delusions or delusions associated with mood disorder or behavior.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Hypomania is a milder form of mania, with similar but less severe symptoms and less impairment of function than in mania.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

During a hypomanic episode, the mood may be high and the patient may feel better and more capable than usual.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

To get rid of hypomania, the patient may even stop taking his medication.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

If you don't know a person with a pre-existing condition, hypomania can be difficult to recognize.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Some patients have described how, as a hypomanic, they have “managed” to inspire, for example, a car dealership salesman so that two pieces of brand new glory cars have been ordered for them, even if there is no way to afford them.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

F30.1 Mania without psychotic symptoms or F30.2 Mania with psychotic symptoms Mood is elevated relative to patient conditions and may range from carefree permissiveness to almost uncontrollable arousal.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Joyfulness is accompanied by an increased energy that causes hyperactivity, a flood of speech, and a decrease in the need for sleep.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The patient is unable to concentrate and is often remarkably sensitive to distractions.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Self-confidence is often high, the patient may have big-minded ideas, and he can be overconfident.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The absence of normal social inhibitions can lead to reckless and crazy-daring behaviour that is inappropriate to the situation and atypical for the patient.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

F30.2 Mania with psychotic symptoms In addition to the described symptoms of mania (F30.1), delusions (usually magnitudes), delusions (usually sounds that speak directly to the patient) or arousal, increase in motor activity and loss of thought are so extreme that the patient cannot be understood or is out of reach by ordinary interaction.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Manic stage Distinctive features include: Unusually enthusiastic, euphoric (= unusually cheerful, hilarious, elven) or irritable state of mind (or the patient seems to be such in the opinion of those close to him).


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Thoughtless, uncaring for the consequences.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Absence of a sense of responsibility, not worrying about possible bad consequences of actions; for example, excessive spending of money, excessive sexual activity or recklessness, engaging in irrational investments.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Aimless, purposeless flute and tinkering.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Low need for sleep despite high vigor.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Speech is so fast that others are incapable of following it.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It's a profanity of thought.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Difficulty concentrating, because of which, for example, the topics of speech or the object of making may vary rapidly.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

An exaggerated sense of power, greatness and importance.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Deviant or pronounced irritability or reacting to even small things stereotypically irritably or even aggressively.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Mania can be considered a psychotic condition.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It may also involve hallucinations (auditory or visual hallucinations) or delusions (firm belief in things that are not true).


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

As with other psychotic-level disorders, mania is accompanied by an absence or slight feeling of illness.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The patient himself most often does not recognize his situation and may become strongly irritated when attempts are made to intervene in his actions.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

F32 Depressive episode, depression period During mild, moderate to severe depression, the patient usually suffers from a decrease in mood, loss of strength, and impairment of function.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The ability to rejoice, take interest and focus is minimal.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is common to note exhaustion even after a small effort.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Sleep is normally disturbed and appetite decreased, but sometimes increased appetite and sleep need may also be affected.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Self-esteem and self-confidence are almost always lowered, even in mild depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Often there is a sense of guilt or worthlessness.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The mood lowering does not vary much from day to day, and does not depend on external circumstances.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Lowering mood may be accompanied by so-called “somatic” symptoms such as low interest and happiness feelings, waking up several hours before normal waking time, depression being worst in the mornings, significant psychomotor inhibition, restlessness, loss of appetite, weight loss decrease and loss of sexual interest (libido).


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Depending on the number of symptoms and severity, a depressive episode can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

F32.0 Mild depressive episode Normally present with two or three of the above symptoms and the patient is usually anxious about these but likely to be able to perform most of their usual tasks.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

F32.1 Moderate depressive episode The patient has the four above symptoms and is likely to find it very difficult to perform their usual tasks F32.2 Severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms A depressive episode in which several of the above symptoms are noticeable and distressing , loss of self-confidence and thoughts of worthlessness and guilt are commonplace.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Suicidal thoughts and aspirations are common, and a number of “somatic” symptoms usually occur.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

F32.3 Severe depressive episode and psychotic symptoms A depressive episode described in F32.2 and is associated with delusions, delusions, psychomotor inhibition or stagnation to such an extent that ordinary activities or tasks are impossible; the patient is at risk of death by suicide; due to lack of fluid or starvation.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Delusions and delusions may or may not be related to mood.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Depressive stage The distinctive features of the depressive phase correspond to the characteristics of depression: feeling sad, lowering or depressed, or loss of interest in things normally enjoyed by insomnia or increased need for sleep loss of appetite or appetite increased difficulty concentrating and difficulty making decisions Feeling sluggishness or so intense restlessness that unable to sit still feeling worthlessness or guilt and low self-esteem powerlessness or constant feeling of fatigue death or suicide thoughts irritability Severe depressions may also be accompanied by symptoms of psychotic depression, such as unrealistic self-accusations, imaginings of perception, or even hallucinations, paranoias, or other delusional thoughts.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

F31.6 Bipolar disorder, mixed episode Patients have had at least one hypomanic, manic, depressive or mixed episode in the past and present with manic and depressive symptoms either mixed or rapidly fluctuating.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Rapidly fluctuating moods are also sometimes referred to as a “rapid cycling” form of disease image.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Mixed period Perhaps the most crippling stages of the disease are those that include symptoms of both mania and depression, at the same time or several times during the same day, varying.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The patient is frantic or restless as in a manic phase, but at the same time irritable and depressed, instead of feeling “on top of the world.”


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Specifically, a mixed episode is accompanied by an increase in suicide risk.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Type I and II Bipolar Disorder Type I Type I Bipolar Disorder presents either depressive episodes or mixed episodes in addition to episodes of mania.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The disorder has previously been called manic-depressive mental illness.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The condition may not be accompanied by psychotic symptoms and may also be formed by recurrent mixed episodes.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

The period of mania is most often recognizable and during the mania period a person is currently often delivered for treatment.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Type II Type II bipolar disorder is less well known and recognizable than type I disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Type II bipolar disorder is characterised by variation in major depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, and the clinical picture is generally dominated by recurrent depressive episodes and mood volatility.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Type II bipolar disorder remains easily unrecognised because patients usually only seek treatment in the depressive stages and do not present the hypomania stages themselves as a problem, as they often feel that they are in the condition of their lives.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Because of this, it is important that treatment systems systematically ask patients with depression whether they have also had episodes of elevated mood.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

According to one study, untreated type II bipolar patients had symptoms of mania or hypomania only about three percent of the time.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Normal episodes about 1/3—1/2 of the time and up to 1/2—2/3 of the time they had symptoms of depression of various degrees.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Identifying type II bipolar disorder is a challenge for health care, as it can be a disadvantage for the patient if they are treated with antidepressants when bipolar disorder is involved.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Other types of mood disorder Other types of mood disorder have also been described, but for practical reasons the current classification of diseases has described the above, which there is enough to do in identifying.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Several other types of mood disorder have been defined for research use.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Identifying, examining and treating bipolar disorder Most often elevated mood or mania is identified by someone other than the patient themselves.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

During mania or hypomania, the patient does not feel sick, but most often feels that he can excel.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

Depression, on the other hand, most patients recognize.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

When symptoms appear clear identifying a mood disorder is easy, but with the exception of timely mania it takes months, or years to identify.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

It is advisable to contact health care, especially if the symptoms cause harm to the patient or others.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

When suspicion is confirmed and symptoms are identified, it is necessary to exclude other possible diseases, taking into account also physical factors.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

If it is bipolar disorder, it is important that the patient and their immediate circle understand that it is a question of lifelong predisposition and a timely condition for which effective treatments exist.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar

It often takes years to understand this.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Identification Important would be that, at least in health care units — primary care and specialty care — everyone in treatment for depression should be asked about the presence of hypomania and mania symptoms at some point.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

A self-completed maniac survey can be used to help the survey, for example, an MDQ survey.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

[2] It is important that the patient himself and willingly his immediate surroundings learn to recognize and observe the presence of symptoms.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

A good help is the so-called mood diary.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

However, the principle is that the patient or the examination marks the daily form, whether the mood is normal, overexerted or depressed.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The extremes of variation can also mark.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

At the same time, the duration and quality of sleep, anxiety, substance use and other symptoms are monitored.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The form may also indicate the medication used, in which case its effectiveness can be assessed.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is typical that the patient's sense of illness includes normal periods and depression, but hypomania and mania remain unmarked.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is a good idea to teach the patient himself to assess their situation and the factors that trigger mood changes, and to use, for example, the Altman Manic Symptoms Measurement Scale.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Research At the research stage it is necessary to familiarize yourself with both the family history and the life cycle of the patient.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

At least one, and preferably more, people belonging to the patient's family or related party should be interviewed.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Previous studies and treatments need to be noted.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The patient should also be examined somatically.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is essential that research and laboratory tests exclude at least the most common physical diseases that cause the same symptoms, such as thyroid diseases, acute infectious diseases and intoxicant diseases such as delirium tremens.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

For example, SCIDD-I and SCID-II (semistructured psychiatric interviewing according to DSM-IV) should be attached to a thorough psychiatric interview interview, and at least a first-timer should undergo a psychologist's examination.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Treatment of bipolar disorder The cornerstone of treatment is often a long-term treatment relationship (the attending physician, network, etc.) and psychoeducation, which means that the patient and his or her relatives seek to have a common view of what kind of illness is involved and how to deal with, if symptoms of the disease occur.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Cooperation and jointly agreed goals are important.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It would be good to see the proactive symptoms and to have a treatment system in place to deal with the situation before it has become serious.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Psychoeduction seeks to support the patient to accept that there are both psychosocial, psychological, and neuro/brain biological explanations for the condition, and that more often than not the combination of different therapies is required.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In the first, recurrent manifestations of mania or psychotic depression, the patient's first place of care is often a psychiatric hospital where it is able to ensure that the patient is not a danger to himself or his environment and cannot irreversibly mess with their lives, relationships and of its economy.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is good to inform loved ones that it is most often a transient situation that can be affected by drug therapy.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Because many mania-prone patients with bipolar disorder overreact to stimuli and high stimulus levels maintain a manic state, a deliberately low-stimulated treatment milieu can be exploited in treatment that protects against harmful stimuli long enough for the patient to tolerate normal stimulus level without getting sick.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Many or most patients benefit from drug therapy.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Drug therapy is used both for acute symptoms and for prophylaxis.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The treatment regimen aims to use drug therapy for support, and also to look at the medication from time to time.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Drug therapy often also comes with side effects that weaken the patient's desire to use medications.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

When a patient has recovered during drug therapy, they often want to stop or reduce the medication.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Feeling better in the early stages may seem better for a while, but the risk of relapse is higher without preventive therapy and it seems that if relapses occur, a new episode is often more difficult than the previous ones.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The forms of psychotherapy found to be effective include at least cognitive-behavioral and psychoeducative therapy.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Effective, for example, are psychoeducative family therapy or multifamily group therapies.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Supportive (supportive) therapy and individual therapy are often necessary, for example, if the patient has lost significant things in his life due to the mania stage, for example, or is recovering from a suicide attempt.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Effective are various symptom management groups.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Through them, patients also meet others suffering from the same condition and find they are not suffering on their own.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Even if there is a sensitivity to the disease, it is possible that regular rhythm of life, sleep rhythm, avoidance of overuse of substance abuse, and the recognition and absence of predictive symptoms will prevent further episodes of illness.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

An effective form of treatment appears to be biopsychosocial psychoeducative-cognitive couples therapy, which involves initiating treatment already when prodromal symptoms occur.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Continuity and an interactive attitude that respects patient independence is important in the nursing relationship, accepting that the patient needs help with grief work from losing their health and adapting to long-term illness and the treatment it requires, even if there are no active symptoms of illness would occur.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Drug therapy In the treatment of bipolar disorder, mood equalisers, antidepressants and neuroleptics are often used.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Medication may be needed for insomnia, anxiety, agitation and psychotic symptoms.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In between, several different drugs from different groups are needed.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Lithium The first to introduce a research-effective lithium, [3] which both calms the acute mania period and protects against the onset of mania and depressive stages.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

[4] Its efficacy in acute mania is well demonstrated.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It is especially suitable for the treatment of acute, euphoric mania, but also bipolar depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The problem with lithium is its narrow therapeutic window, so its use requires constant monitoring of blood and urine samples.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Due to illness numbness or otherwise drug-negative patients may opt out of their lithium.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Antiepileptic drugs Antiepileptic drugs are used as mood equalisers.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In the treatment of mania and hypomania, antiepileptics the most currently used is sodium valproate.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The use of carbamazepine has been reduced due to troublesome pharmacokinetic interactions.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Valproate is effective against mania and, unlike lithium, also for mixed episodes and is also suitable for the prevention of mania, depression its efficacy is low, but in the so-called dense form of the disease it is marginally preferred over other equalisers.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Lamotrigine is particularly suitable for maintenance therapy of depression-oriented forms of the disease as it effectively prevents the renewal of depressive episodes; however, it has no antimanic efficacy.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Due to the risk of severe skin side effects, lamotrigine is not suitable for the treatment of acute stages of the disease, since the start of the drug requires a slow dose titration.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Clinical use and dosage are similar to those in the treatment of epilepsy.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Topiramate, oxcarbazepine and other antiepileptic drugs have also been used, but the treatment of bipolar disorder is not yet an official indication in Finland.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Antipsychotics Antipsychotics are also used to treat episodes of mania hypomania.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Newer antipsychotics (so-called atypical neuroleptics) include olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone, aripiprazole and, as a newest entrant, asenapine.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

There is compelling evidence of the efficacy of quetiapine for depressive episodes as well.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Among the specially authorised preparations in marginal use is also amisulpride.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Although the drug treatment of bipolar depression may apply the same principles as for the treatment of a one-way depressive episode, it should be remembered that during depressive therapy in an estimated 10% to 25% of patients, depression reverses to hypomania or in mania.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Therefore, people with bipolar disorder are often recommended to take antidepressant therapy in combination with a mood equaliser or neuroleptic.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Serotonin selective antidepressants, or SSRIs, have been associated with a lower risk of depression reversal into mania than tricyclic antidepressants, so SSRIs are now considered the primary medicines for bipolar depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

On the other hand, it has been suggested that SSRI antidepressants should not be used to treat a depressive episode of bipolar disorder, preferring to use lamotrigine, for example.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In some cases, an SSRI antidepressant may cause irritability, mood swings and side effects in a bipolar disorder sufferer.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Sertraline may be safer because of its mild dopamine receptor effect.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Antidepressant therapy is often stopped faster than in unipolar depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In the early stages of the disease, tricyclic antidepressants are undesirable on an outpatient basis, as it should be remembered that they were still the most common fatal drug in suicide attempts in Finland in the 1980s.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

SSRIs and other newer antidepressants have multiple fatal overdose levels.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Lamotrigine is today considered the primary drug for bipolar disorder depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Also atypical neuroleptics, for example quetiapine, have some effect on depression.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Hospitalization of acute mania A period of mania requiring hospitalization is quite rare, but at least harmful and potentially dangerous for the sufferer.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

With proper medication in hospital conditions, fortunately, mania is most often quickly calmed down.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Almost always the patient has to be sent for treatment by a medical center doctor regardless of will, because in mania it is common for the patient to feel that they are in the condition of their life.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Sometimes in the hospital there are situations where, regardless of the will, the patient has to be sedated with medications and even isolation, which, fortunately, is less often necessary.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Heredity Close relatives of people with bipolar disorder, or bipolar disorder, are at higher than average risk of developing the same disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It has been demonstrated in numerous studies.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The prevalence of the disorder in the population is approximately 0.6% [5] in Finland, but the prevalence of close relatives of people with it has been from 3.9% to up to 14.5%.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Genera with either depressivity or bipolar disorder have been mapped in each generation, but there are also plenty of examples of genera where sufferers are only isolated cases.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Today it is thought that susceptibility to the disorder is hereditary but that circumstances must trigger it.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Such a trigger may be stress or other pressure.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Among other things, regular rhythm of life, such as adequate sleep and nutrition and hobbies, are protected from getting sick.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

According to Professor Kay Redfield Jamison's research Touched With Fire, artists and writers suffer more than average from bipolar disorder, either in its manic or hypomanic form, and this has significantly contributed to their use of talent.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

However, artists too have been at their most prolific with the mood being normal, hypomanic or even mildly depressed.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Severe depression or mania clearly lower the ability to function.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Suicide is attempted at some point in their lives by about 15 to 20 per cent of people with bipolar disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

[6] Co-occurring diseases - differential diagnostics At least in Finland, a large proportion of people with bipolar disorder consume too much alcohol on time, typically “wind drunkenness” occurs.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The same type of symptoms as bipolar disorder is associated with, for example, unstable personality disorder, attention deficit and behavioural disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Finnish studies — Bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder remains easily unrecognized [7] Most people with bipolar disorder remain without proper medical treatment, says Professor of Psychiatry, Chief Medical Officer Erkki Isometsä Based on the results of the Jorvi Bipolar Study.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Of just under 200 patients in the study, only 42 per cent had received appropriate drug treatment in the acute phase.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The main cause of problems with drug therapy was incorrect diagnosis.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The study screened about 1600 psychiatric patients.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

They found 191 patients with bipolar disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Nearly 40 percent of them lacked a clinical diagnosis of the disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Of the less well known type II patients, only half were diagnosed correctly.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In type II bipolar disorder, severe depressive episodes alternate with hypomanic episodes.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Among manic-depressive type I patients, clinical diagnosis was missing in a quarter.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

According to Erkki Isometä, problems accumulate in the treatment of depressive stages on an outpatient basis.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Typical problems include the lack of mood-balancing drug therapy and treating depressive stages as ordinary depression with the help of antidepressants alone.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

According to Isometsi, mood-balancing drug therapy is the cornerstone of bipolar disorder treatment.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

However, only one in five study patients was available to this medication.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

“Patients do not seek treatment for mania.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

It's up to health care to actively determine if there have been any of these episodes,” Isometsä says.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The researchers recommend that the condition be screened in specialized psychiatric care with an easy MDQ mood disorder questionnaire.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In order to better keep up with variations in patient feeling, researchers suggest patients keep a mood diary.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The study showed that patients with bipolar disorder have a very high risk of self-destructive behaviors.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

There were or had been suicide attempts in 55% of patients.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Suicidal Behavior in Bipolar Disorder [8] The study is part of a progressive follow-up study on bipolar disorder (Jorvi Bipolar Study).


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

1630 patients aged 18 to 59 were screened for the study using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) survey.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The 490 patients who tested positive based on the survey were interviewed using a semi-structured interview method.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In the end, 191 patients were selected for the study.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

These had a diagnosable ongoing episode of bipolar disorder illness, which would later be called index period.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Patients were interviewed again after six months and a half.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The suicidal behavior was studied during both the index period and follow-up using a scale charting suicidal thoughts and interview questions.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Information was also collected from medical records.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Knowledge of different periods of illness during follow-up was compiled into a detailed graphic graph.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The study revealed that suicidal behavior is extremely common in patients with bipolar disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

During the index period, 20 percent of patients attempted suicide and suicidal thoughts occurred in 61 percent.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Depression, hopelessness, concomitant other psychiatric morbidity, and an earlier suicide attempt proved to be key risk factors for suicidal behavior during the index illness period.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The prevalence of suicidal behavior between major types I and II of bipolar disorder was similar.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Suicide attempts during the index period ranked the depressive and mixed stages of the disease.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Hopelessness predicted suicide attempts during a depressive episode.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

During the mixed phase, self-estimated depth of depression and younger age were independent risk factors for suicide attempts.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Over a year and a half of follow-up, 20 percent of patients attempted suicide.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Previous suicide attempts, hopelessness, a depressive episode at the time of admission to the study and younger age predicted suicide attempts.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Fifty-five percent of patients had attempted suicide prior to admission to the study or attempted it during an index period or follow-up.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

During the follow-up period, the incidence of suicide attempts was 37-fold higher for mixed episodes and 18-fold during the depressive episode, compared with other episodes.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

A previous suicide attempt as well as time spent in a depressive or mixed episode predicted a suicide attempt during the follow-up period.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The study shows patients with bipolar disorder to be a remarkably suicidal group, with more than half of patients having attempted suicide.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Clinically, it is very important to identify bipolar disorder and treat mixed episodes and depressive episodes as quickly and efficiently as possible, as both of these are associated with a significantly high risk of suicide attempts.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Twin Study of Genetic and Environmental Factors in Bipolar Disorder [9] The doctoral research examined the role of environmental and genetic factors in bipolar disorder.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The research is part of the Institute of Public Health Research Project on the Genetic Epidemiology and Molecular Genetics of Serious Mental Disorders.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The study data consisted of 74 pairs of twins, at least one of whom had a bipolar disorder diagnosis listed on the hospital removal notification register during 1969-91.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Calculated on the basis of registry data, the annual incidence of bipolar affective disorder was 5.8/100,000 in the general population and 7.6/100,000 in the twin data.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

When the twin data examined factors explaining variability in susceptibility, the proportion of hereditary factors was found to be 93 per cent.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In both patients and their healthy twin siblings, decreases in white matter in the left hemisphere were observed compared to healthy controls, but only patients saw a decrease in white matter in the right hemisphere as well.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

For gray matter in the brain, there was no discernible difference to controls, but in the frontal lobe, the amount of grey matter was positively correlated with the use of the mood-equalizing drug lithium.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Neither patients nor their healthy siblings differed from controls on the vocabulary test, one of the basic measures of intellectual baseline.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

However, those with bipolar disorder coped well worse than controls on a task measuring the speed of information processing.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Also, in all memory tasks, they were less successful than controls.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

The performance of patients' healthy siblings, on the other hand, did not differ significantly from controls.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

When the results of the linguistic memory assignment were analysed separately in the male and female group, it was revealed that in the female group, the performance of healthy twins in re-recalling learned material was also impaired relative to controls.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

In the men's group, there was no such difference.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Since white matter loss occurred in both sufferers and their healthy twins, it can be assumed that at least one of the genes predisposing to bipolar disorder can be found in the group of genes involved in white matter formation or regulation.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Knowledge of genetic factors and hereditary predisposition to bipolar disorder helps clinics, patients and their relatives better understand the occurrence and nature of the disease and should be part of the information related to the treatment process.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

See also List of known affective disorders Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder Sources The Mood Disordes questionary (Hirschfeld et al, American J of Psychiatry 2000:157 1873—75) References on the topic Elsewhere Finnish recommendation.


Question: What was the previous name for bipolar affective disorder?

Bipolar disorder

Category:Depression Category:Mood Disorders Category:Mental Illnesses Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The Lempäälä Canal is a canal connecting Pyhäjärvi and Vanajavesi in the centre of Lempäälä, with a length of 1275 metres and a fall height of 2.20 to 2.40 metres.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The canal has one 160-foot-long and 8-foot-wide sluice.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The canal is crossed by two road bridges and one railway bridge.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The maximum allowable ship dimensions are 145.0 × 7.5 × 1.8 × 5.5 metres (length × width × draught × height); the height of the ship's mast may not exceed 5.5 metres due to bridges.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

Attempts were made to build a canal in Lemäälä as early as the end of the 18th century, but the work remained unfinished after about ten years of trying.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The canal site was located at Rikala, south of the present canal, where trenches can still be seen.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The current Lempäälä Canal was built in 1867—1874 as emergency relief works.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

At first there was a busy passenger traffic through the canal, but after the completion of the Tampere—Hämeenlinna railway in 1876, the canal was used mostly for goods transport.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

In 1958—1961, the canal was renewed for uits.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

In this case, the canal cutoff was enlarged to its present size and the upper channel was deepened.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The current layout of the canal dates back to this period.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

The canal currently serves mainly tourism and runs the Finnish Silver Line shipping route from Tampere to Hämeenlinna.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

In the canal there is periodically watercourse rationing flux, which causes a dangerously strong flow in it.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

There was a serious accident in the canal in 1988 in which four people drowned after a boat capsized in the flow.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

Because of this, warning lights have been installed on the canal, as well as a safety gate in connection with the railway bridge to prevent boats from drifting into the cutoff during flood runs.


Question: What is the length of the Lempäälä channel?

Lempäälä Canal

Sources on the topic in the rest of the Category:Finnish Canals Channel Category:Pyhäjärvi region (Tampere)


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963, Newark, New Jersey — February 11, 2012, Beverly Hills, California [1]) was an American R&B, gospel and pop singer, actress, producer and model.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

He was referred to as “The Voice”.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Houston rose to the consciousness of the music world in the mid-1980s, when she released her first-born album bearing her own name.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

During the 1990s, Houston released several successful albums, including the record-breaking soundtrack The Bodyguard, which sold over 40million copies worldwide.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

On the same album, Houston's interpretation of Dolly Parton's song “I Will Always Love You” was released, which became the biggest hit of Houston's career.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

For almost the entire 2000s, Houston suffered from a poor publicity image, as a result of which her popularity faded.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Starting in the 1990s, he also suffered from substance addiction.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

In 2009, Houston made a return to the top of the charts with her seventh studio album, I Look to You.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Houston's albums and singles have sold a total of 170million copies.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

[2] Houston has been honored with six Grammy Awards (nominated 25 times), two Emmy Awards and 23American Music Awards, which she has won more than any other female artist.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

[2] In the Guinness Book of World Records, Houston holds the title of The Most Awarded Female Artist of All Time.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

[2] He also holds the record for number one hits on the US singles chart, with seven singles in a row to the highest position.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

[2] Biography Adolescent years and career beginnings Whitney Houston was born in the city of Newark in the state of New Jersey to a Baptist family of John and Cissy Houston.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

His siblings included Michael and Gary Houston.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Her mother Cissy Houston, cousin Dionne Warwick and family friend Aretha Franklin were all well-known gospel, R&B and soul singers, so Houston was already heavily involved in the music world in her childhood.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

At the age of eleven, she began performing as a soloist in the gospel choir of New Hope Baptist Church in Newark.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Although Houston was a Baptist, she attended a Catholic girls' high school.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

As a teenager, Houston would often accompany her mother as she performed in nightclubs around New York City, and sometimes herself would also take the stage to perform.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

In 1977, fourteen-year-old Houston served as a backing vocalist on the Michael Zager Band's single “Life's A Party”.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Zager became convinced of Houston's abilities and offered to broker a record deal to her, but Houston was forced to refuse, as was Elektra Records' 1981 record contract offer because Cissy's mother would not allow her daughter to enter into a record deal until she had finished high school.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

The following year, Houston served as a backing vocalist on Chaka Khan's song “I'm Every Woman”, which she also herself later recorded.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

At the same time, he also served as a backing vocalist for Jermaine Jackson and Lou Rawls, among others.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

During the first half of the 1980s, Houston worked as a model in several commercials and appeared on the cover of Seventeen magazine.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

During her model years, she furthered her budding musical career by working with producers Michael Bienhorn, Bill Laswell and Martin Bisi on the One Down album brands.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

The album contained seven pieces of music, each performed by a different vocalist.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Houston interpreted the ballad “Memories”, and received flattering reviews from the press.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

In 1983, Gerry Griffith, a talent scout for Arista Records, saw Houston performing with his mother at a Manhattan nightclub and was immediately convinced of Houston's vocal gifts.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

He urged his manager, Clive Davis, to stop by and see Houston perform.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Davis, too, was so convinced that he immediately offered Houston a worldwide record deal for Arista Records.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Houston accepted the deal.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

That same year, Davis introduced his protégé to the public on The Merv Griffin Show, at which point Houston sang the song “Home”, known for his musical The Wiz.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

In 1984, the novice singer in her career gained her first touch to commercial success with her and vocalist Teddy Pendergrass's song “Hold Me”, which appeared first on Pendergrass's album Love Language and later on Houston's debut album.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

The song climbed into the top 50 of the US singles chart and the top five on the R&B chart.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

Houston's debut album took over two years to work on due to compositions suitable for her powerful voice and finding competent producers.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

1985—1991 — The debut album and rise to success with Houston's self-titled debut album, Whitney Houston, came out in February 1985.


Question: What did Whitney Houston die of?

Whitney Houston

The album initially received a sticky reception and its first two singles Someone For Me and Thinking About You were poorly performed.