Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 1871, unrest caused by the Paris Commune frightened rich vacationers belonging to the nobility.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Thus, in the same year, a commission of celebrations was established to advertise the city of Nice and the unease that prevails there.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The Jubilee Committee turned the carnival into a real show and organised an event on Shrove Tuesday including carnival carriage parades, masquerades and mounted processions.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Two notable Nice artists, Alexis Mossa and his son Gustav-Adolf Mossa were after the turn or together as “Ymagiers du Roy”, or “King's Designers”.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

They invented and designed the King of Carnivals (Sa Majesté Carnaval) and his court.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

From the carnival design images he drew, Alexis Mossa compiled the first picture albums to serve as models for the New Orleans Mardi Gras carnival.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

He designed the first Carnival King's Carriage in 1882 and annexed Madame Carnival (Madame Carnaval) to the King's Society in 1893.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The influence of symbolism emerged in the work of Gustav-Adolf Mossa, and inspired him to create figures originating from Greco-Latin and popular culture that reflected local and international events coloured by his imagination.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Gustav-Adolf Mossa created and designed a carnival universe that was at once satirical and marvelous, rich and diverse.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Thanks to him, the art of carnival gained recognized status and Nice became one of the most prominent carnival cities in the world.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The Carnival King's first appearance was on February 14, 1882, when, previously unmoved at Place de la Préfecture, the trinket and straw puppet that followed the carnival changed to the King of the Carnival, who took part in the procession on his own chariot like other puppets.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 1892, modern paper confetti were used in Nice for the first time, which had been introduced a year earlier at the Paris Carnivals and were therefore referred to as the “Paris Confetti”.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Until 1892, only plaster confetti, or “Italian confetti”, had been used at Nice Carnivals.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

They were used alongside paper confetti right up until 1955, when they were banned in Nice.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Events in history have also had an impact on the organisation of the Nice Carnival.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The First and Second World Wars naturally ruined the carnival joy and prevented the King's carnival procession.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Carnivals of 1914 and 1939, with the theme “Perseus on the back of Pegasus” (Persée sur Pégase) and “The King of Laughter and Joy” (Roi de la Joie et du Rire), went as normal, but the carnivals of 1915 and 1940 were cancelled.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

There was an interesting irony in the carnival themes of these years, as the 1915 theme was “The King of the Mad” (Roi des Fous) and 1940, in turn, “The Lord of Madness” (Sire de la Folie).


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The name was a harbinger of one more time in 1991, when the theme was retitled “King of the Mad”.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

This king never got to make an appearance either, as the carnival was cancelled for fear of attacks caused by the Gulf War.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

A drawing of a carnival from 1915.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Éclaireur magazine article on the Nice Carnivals of 1887.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Carnival poster from 1916.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

For half a century, carnivals have been associated with certain traditional events.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Some of them have changed their shape somewhat over the years.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

For example, the traditional carnival swim has evolved into a Carnastring event, and later other programmes have been included, such as Carnacourse, the beach café waitress' running competition and Carnasocca, a traditional nice dish, a thin pancake made of chickpea flour tastes of a kind socca.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Already for thirty years, the queen of carnivals and princesses of this heritage have also been chosen.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The choice is made by a committee chaired by some well-known person.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The elect queen opens a parade of flowers with her own carriage and also visits to represent the Nice Carnivals on official representative tours.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 1985, the theme of the Nice Carnival was “King of Advertisements” (Roi de la Pub).


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Jean Oltra and Gaspare Di Caro then organised the first Commedia dell'Arte festival during the carnival.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 1994, the theme of the Nice Carnival was “King of the Arts” (Roi des Arts), when the carnival was attended for the first time by artists of the trend known as the Ècole de Nice in modern art, e.g.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Arman, Ben, Patrick Moya, Claude Gilli and Jean-Claude Farci.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 2000, Sergueï, a cartoonist for “Le Monde” magazine, was invited to design the carriages for a carnival procession and floral parade.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In the same year, local schools and OCCE (Office Central de la Coopération à l'École), together with the Nice Tourist Office, organised a pedagogical carnival-themed event.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Thus, two thousand schoolchildren accompanied the king, dancing and singing.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

To celebrate the transition to the Euro, the theme for 2002 was “King of Eurolandia” (Roi de l'Euroland).


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Cartoonists from the major international magazines were invited to design carriages for carnivals.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Thus, the carnival still provides a free platform for the expression of society's current grievances.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 2007, carnival standing grandstands became free.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In addition, the Jardin Albert 1er park became a separate festival area where a playful programme was held.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The programme included tightrope dancers, face painting makers and kites.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

One hundred and sixty carnival artists also participated in the carnival for the first time, playing the role of troublemakers at the celebration.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Between 2005 and 2008, all carnival events took place on the Promenade des Anglais promenade due to construction work on the tram track.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Due to the change of place, new better techniques and materials had to be developed for wagon-making.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Cooperation between coachmakers also improved.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 2009, the carnival returned back to Place Masséna [1].


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Every year a huge screen and traditional performance podium are erected in the square [1].


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Flower Parade The first flower parade, or “bataille de fleurs”, took place in 1876.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Behind the idea was French writer Alphonse Karr.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Living in Nice, a German writer by descent, was elven about flowers and hoped for an event where people could throw fragrant flowers at each other.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Consequently, in 1876, Andriot Saëtone undertook the first flower parade on the Promenade des Anglais waterfront boulevard.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The flower parade is part of the Nice Carnivals.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

It's a counterbalance to an otherwise carnival procession filled with caricatures and grotesque characters.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The parade is formed of twenty each decorated carriages, from which young women and today also young men throw flowers at spectators.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Music groups and street artists from all over the world walk along carriages as in a carnival procession.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Of the flowers thrown during the parade, including mimoses, lilies and daisies, 90% have been picked from hills in the area.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In autumn, local breeders plant species with which the carriages are decorated.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The decorations are the result of cooperation between local breeders and florists.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

It takes forty to fifty hours of work to decorate one carriage.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The job is complicated by the fact that flowers are picked only just before decoration to keep them fresh.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The French name of the parade “bataille de fleurs” means flower fight, and originally spectators fought each other with flowers.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Today, however, it is a parade during which some 100,000 flowers are thrown from carriages to the public.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The purpose of leaving the battle is to draw public attention to the beauty of the outfits and each decorated carriage.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Since 2005, the theme of the flower parade has been the same as that of the carnival procession.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

One or more visual artists are responsible for the layout of the carriages.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The so-called Association of Florists of the City of Nice Flower Parade (l'Amical des fleuristes réalisateurs de bataille de fleurs de la ville de Nice) is responsible for the practical implementation.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The parade's outfits are made in an atelier specially reserved for the flower parade.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Street art Street art troupes have made the Nice Carnival well known in the field of street art.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The entourages arrive from all corners of France and the world, and the festive processions are attended by representatives of fifteen different nationalities.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Groups bring their own imaginative addition to carnivals by showcasing their own culture or adapting to the annual theme of carnivals.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

King of Carnivals Before the actual start of the Carnival on Friday evening, the King of Carnival arrives at Masséna Square and opens the festive season by taking over the keys to the city.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The king rules the city until the end of the carnival, at which point he makes his last appearance before being burned at the stake at sea or occasionally on the beach.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

After the burning, fireworks are held in the Baie des Anges Bay (Bay of Angels) with music accompaniment.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Carnival carriage making The manufacture of carnival carriages begins with the Nice Tourist Office declaring a competition for carriage design drawings in the spirit of the carnival theme.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Since 2000, competition drawings have been solicited by press cartoonists.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The CEO of the carnival, as well as the artistic director, choose the best from among the drawings.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Since the Sapin Act, enacted in 1993, the practice has been to tender.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The law has also forced builders of carnival carriages (les carnavaliers) to organize into associations, reducing the number of groups from about 100 to just four or five.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Finally, a draw is held to decide which carriage each builder gets to manufacture.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The construction of the carriages themselves usually begins in October.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The stages of construction include: the erection of an iron frame (two tons per wagon) as well as various motorized hydraulic joints on a platform raised for wheels (3m×12m).


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

This structure is nearly eight feet high.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Continuing the structure with wooden brassis or wireframe mesh, on top of which layers of papier-mâché (a mixture of postcards, newsprint, kraft paper and others) are added using a handcrafted glue from hot water and flour.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The chests and ends of the figures being built on the pallets are constructed using two different techniques using molds as an aid.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The traditional way is to use either resin or styrofoam, today the alternative is also to use polyester throwaway.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Painting the characters with five tons of paint consumed, and finally making clothes for the characters and performers.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Installation of electricity on the trolley for lighting and motorization.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The chariot size record is held by 2009's “King of the Masquerade” (Roi des Mascarades), who appeared disguised in the masks of the carnival king of previous years [2].


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

It was 17 feet high.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The 2007 “King of the Very Large Jumble” (Roi de la très grand Mêlée) was performed by Jacques Chirac and was 13 metres high, of which nearly six metres were head.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Organizing Since 1996, the carnival has been organized by the Nice Tourist Office.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

It replaced the Jubilee Committee, which had been responsible for organising the carnival since 1873.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The theme and date of the following year's carnival will be announced on the last day of the current carnival.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Gad Weil, who was appointed artistic director in 1997, gave a new impetus to the Nice Carnival.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Carnival in chapters General Nice Carnival lasts two full weeks as well as one weekend.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 2009, Carnivals brought 1.2 million visitors to the city and 600,000 people went to see the celebratory processions [3].


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

For every Carnival King appearance, 1500 people were required to attend the arrangements.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In 2006, 150,000 tickets were sold for the carnival, bringing the proceeds to a total of 1.5 million euros.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Overall, tourist revenue brought by the 2009 Carnival (including restaurants, accommodation, public transport, shops, etc.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

revenues) exceeded between EUR 30 million and EUR 35 million [3].


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Festive processions Each year 20 carnival carriages with an area of 3m×12m and a height of 8—14 metres.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The first four chariots of processions are always the King of Carnival, Madam Carnival, Carnavalon, the son of the King and Lady, and the Blower (the chariot from which confetti is blown among the audience).


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Two smaller animated carriages.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

An average of 30 coachbuilders.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

150 giant heads, thirty of which are made of cardboard mache.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The weight of cardboard mâché varies between 1.5 and 12 kilograms, those made of plastazote plastic foam weigh 5 kilograms, and inflatable heads per kilogram.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Sixty street art groups, a third of which are groups from the Nice region and a third from other countries.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

4000 man-hours in six months.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

20 tons of confetti.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

15 countries.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

One entourage of 20 people from each of Nice's eight boroughs will take part in the celebratory processions.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

A flower parade of 4000—5000 fresh flowers, 90% of which have been grown in nearby areas between November and February.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

The carriages have an area of 2m×7m and a height of 6 metres.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Forty-five man-hours over two and a half days.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

400 oasis fungi (23cm×11cm×40cm in size).


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Ten pounds of wirewire.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

12.5 meters of wire-wire mesh.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

In each of the 20 carriages, two performers whisking among the audience about 20 pounds of mimoses and other cut flowers.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Media One hundred different media represented.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

190 press cards.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

17% of press cards for local media.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

19 nationalities.


Question: When did the first flower parade in Nice take place?

Nice Carnival

Sources Category:French Events Category:Cultural Events Category:Nice


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

Aston Martin Lagonda Limited is a British sports car manufacturing company with a factory located in Newport Pagnell in Buckinghamshire.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

The company was founded in 1913 by Lionel Martin and Robert Bamford.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

After several changes of ownership, the company passed into the ownership of David Brown, known as a tractor manufacturer, in 1947.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

David Brown bought another British automaker, Lagonda, the following year, and merged it with Aston Martin.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

In 1972, Aston Martin became the owner of Company Developments Ltd., followed by several other owners until the company passed into the ownership of Ford Motor Company in 1994.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

The company was part of the Ford Group until the spring of 2007, when it was bought by a group of investors led by David Richards, owner of F1 stable Prodrive.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

The purchase price was approximately EUR 850 million.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

[1] Ford was left with a minor stake in the company.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

A total of about 20200 Aston Martins had been produced by 2003.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

Aston Martin cars have appeared in some James Bond films as the protagonist's driver.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

For example, in the film Death Makes Wait (Die Another Day) James Bond drives an Aston Martin V12 Vanquish car.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

Cooperation in Formula One Since the season, Aston Martin serves as the title sponsor of the Red Bull stable.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

Models Old models 1921—1925 Aston Martin Standard Sports 1927—1932 Aston Martin First Series 1929—1932 Aston Martin International 1932—1932 Aston Martin International Le Mans 1932—1934 Aston Martin Le Mans 1933—1934 Aston Martin 12/50 Standard 1934—1936 Aston Martin Mk II 1934—1936 Aston Martin Ulster 1936—1938 Aston Martin 2 litre Speed 1937—1939 Aston Martin 15/98 1939—1939 Aston Martin 2 litre C-Type 1948—1950 Aston Martin 2-Litre Sports (DB1) 1950—1953 Aston Martin DB2 1953—1957 Aston Martin DB2/4 1957—1959 Aston Martin DB Mark III 1958— 1963 Aston Martin DB4 1961—1963 Aston Martin DB4 GT Zagato 1963—1965 Aston Martin DB5 1965—1969 Aston Martin DB6 1967—1972 Aston Martin DBS 1969—1989 Aston Martin V8 1977—1989 Aston Martin V8 Vantage 1986—1990 Aston Martin V8 Zagato 1989—2000 Aston Martin Virage 1989—1996 Aston Martin Virage/Virage Volante 1993—2000 Aston Martin Vantage 1996—2000 Aston Martin V8 Coupe/V8 Volante 1993—2003 Aston Martin DB7/DB7 Vantage 2002—04 Aston Martin DB AR1 2001—2007 Aston Martin V12 Vanquish 2004—07 Aston Martin V12 Vanquish S 2004—2016 Aston Martin DB9 2007—12 Aston Martin DBS V12 2009—2012 Aston Martin One-77 2011—13 Aston Martin Cygnet 2011—12 Aston Martin Virage 2012—13 Aston Martin V12 Zagato Lagonda Badge 1961—1964 Lagonda Rapide 1976—1989 Aston Martin Lagonda 2015—2017 Lagonda Taraf Concept Models 1944 Aston Martin Atom (concept) 1980 Aston Martin Bulldog (concept) 1993 Lagonda Vignale (concept) Current models Aston Martin DB11 Aston Martin Rapide S Aston Martin Vanquish Aston Martin V8 Vantage Aston Martin Vulcan Sources On the topic Rest of Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

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Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

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Question: Who owns the Formula One concept?

Aston Martin

(in Finnish) * Category:Key Articles in Screening


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Liesjärvi is a lake belonging to Tammela, Lohja and Somero in Kanta-Häme, belonging to the Turpoonjoki catchment area in the Loimijoki catchment area of the Kokemäenjoki River basin.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Lies lake is the main lake in the Turpoon River catchment, which gathers much of the waters in the area into its downstream river.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The lake is not part of Lake Lies National Park, but some of its shores and many islands are included.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The lake's catchment area has a magnitude of 128km² and includes 19 lakes or ponds.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[1] [2] [3] Geography The lake has an area of 956 hectares, a length of 7.2 kilometers and a width of 7.0 kilometers.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The lake has four water pools separated from each other by ridge periods or narrow straits.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

To the west is the Elbow, which remains behind the Elbow Ridge.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The Elbow Streak provides access to Juovanselä, which forms a water basin on the western side of Souko Strait, and east of the strait opens the largest water basin formed by Hioliniemenselä, Juuriniemenselä and Soukkajärvi.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

In the skeleton of the lake, the waters are dammed by a ridge descending from Ketumäki, from where water flows under Karjusbridge through the last water basin into the Turpoon River.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[2] The lake includes Välijoki River, Lehesjoki, Taipaleenoja, Mustijoki, Rasinjoki and Kauhaoja and 63 smaller ditches.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The waters of Lake Rust and Tapolan Lake are lowered from the north to Kyynä, among other things.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The Taipaleenoja, which was excavated in the 19th century for support puppings, descends to the southwestern corner of the lake and brings the waters of the Salkolan lake basin, which is mainly located on the Somero side.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The original landing of Salkolan lake before Taipaleenoja has been Lehesjoki.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The skeleton of Lake Lies is located on the northern shore of the lake, where the 10 kilometre-long Turpoon River is located in the bud.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[1] [2] [3] [4] The 49 islands of Lake Lies have a total area of 21.98 hectares and a total shoreline length of 8.45 km.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

There are 3 islands over hectares and over the size of an aria are 24.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

There are five islands in the cubit.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

At the centre of the streakback is Isosaari, which is more than 600 metres long.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Other islands include Palosaari, Parisaaret, Savilahensaari and Halaimenkivensaari.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

There are 18 other islands, and all of Juovanselä's islands belong to a national park.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

A group of islands is located on the Carboniemenseland, the core of which is formed by the Great Islands.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

In addition to them, it includes Latosaari and Tapurasaari, as well as six small creeds.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Carboniemenselä has an additional Pyrysaar and five smaller lodges.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Juuriniemenselkä and Soukkajärvi are uninsulated areas, but there is one island behind the Boar Bridge before the skeleton.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[1] [2] The shoreline of the lake is 56 kilometres long, and its shore is predominantly of moraine-based forest terrain.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The shores of the lake are wilderness in some places, but arable land extends to the shores of Juuriniemenselä and Soukka Lake.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

In addition to farms, about 200 holiday homes have been built on the beaches.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[3] Highway 2 runs between Salkolan lake and Liesjärvi and from the east side of Liesjärvi it is bypassed by connecting road 2825, which is the road leading to the village of Liesjärvi.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[1] [2] Natural state Liesjärvi is a humus-rich and brown-watered lake which is quite shallow.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

On the beaches, reeds commonly grow.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Due to diffuse loading, the initially barren lake has changed in a medium-nutrient direction, but its condition has remained mainly good.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[3] The national park Lake Lies is not part of the national park, but some of its beaches and many islands belong.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The shores of the national park include, for example, a short section at the mouth of Taipalee, the western shores of the main basin together with the northern beaches of Elnäränharju and Juovanselä, the islands in the main basin, and all the beaches of the Kyynärä.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The park additionally includes short stretches of beach elsewhere.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[5] [6] On the shores of Lake Lies in the territory of the national park is located the Korteniemi heritage farm, which before its current use served as a ranger's residence for a long time.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

It is surrounded by the oldest part of the park


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Newer portions of the park extend from the western shore of the lake to the adjacent lakes Elbow and Tapolan as well.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[2] Hiking The most special excursion destination in the area is Elnäränharju, which cuts off Liesjärvi to Elnen and Juovanselkki.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

A signpost runs over it and there are parking spaces, landings and latrines at both ends of the ridge.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Liesjärvi catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

In addition, Hyypiönmaja with other services is located at the northern end.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

In the southern part you can stay at Savilahti and Korteniemi.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

On the north side, one loop visits Lake Tapolan and the rest of the routes disappear into the northern parts of the park.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[7] [8] History Lake Lies has been inhabited as early as the Stone Age.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The village of Liesjärvi is first mentioned in 1548.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The rugged terrain did not attract farmers in the same way as clay forests.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Forest lands were taken over by the Crown in the late 18th century in connection with the large allocation, when the so-called overlands of the holdings were separated from their holdings.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

In this way, new sites were made available to the reformers without hassle.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Among other things, the Korteniemi farm originated this way in 1792.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[9] In the past, lake ore has been raised from Lake Lies, as well as from nearby Lake Salkolan and Lake Hein on the Somero side.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[10] The Högfors ironworks in present-day Karkkila was established in 1820 and produced iron from lake ore in Liesjärvi.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The Kalmberg map of 1855—1856 and the 1795 map that was based on it still shows how a ditch descends from Salkolan lake into the river Lehes.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[11] [12] The Turpoo saw dug the Taipalee ditch between Lake Liesjärvi and Salkolan lake for retaining retention, and at the same time affected the River Lehes so that there was no longer a watermill in it.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The Taipale Ditch can already be seen in the Senate map of 1884.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[9] [13] [14] In the Senate map, the designations of the lake are different than they are today.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Cubits and the western side of Souko Strait were designated in the map by the common name “Elnäräjärvi”.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

The remainder was referred to as “Lake Lies”.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[13] The water level of the lake has been substantially lowered in the early 1900's.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Old beach crashes are still visible on the territory of the national park.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

Lake ore has been raised from the bottom of the lake even before the wars.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[3] In the 1855—1856 Kalmberg map, based on the bigdividing map or other maps of approximately the same date, the Elbow Ridge is not drawn.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

However, its farm has lines marking the winter road.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[11] In the old keeper's map of the Senate map, which was the base of the Kalmberg map, also based on the big division map or other maps of a similar date, the Elbow ridge is visible in the north and south, but would be missed, according to the map, an open water section of several hundred metres.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[15] In the recognosisation-based King's map from the end of the 18th century, that part of the lake is drawn only “according to the commentary” in very excess size.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[16] On the Russian topography map of the Senate of 1874, the ridge is marked for its entire journey.


Question: What is the magnitude of Lake Lies catchment area?

Lake Liesjärvi (Tammelan Liesjärvi)

[13] Sources References elsewhere Liesjärvi Conservation Society: Närhi, Heli & Jutila, Heli:, Hämeenlinna, 2005 Category:Lakes of Liesjärvi Category:Lakes of Pusula Category:Lakes of Somerniemi Category:Tammela lakes


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai () is one of the emirates of the United Arab Emirates and at the same time the largest city in the country.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[1] The Emirate of Dubai is the second largest in terms of population and area after Abu Dhabi.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai differentiates itself from other Arab emirates by the fact that oil revenues account for only 6% of its GDP.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[2] Most of the emirate's revenue is based on the free port area of Jebel Ali and growing tourism.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Since 4 January 2006, the ruler of Dubai has been Sheikh Muhammad ibn Rašid Al Maktum.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Prior to this, from 1990 until his death, the director was his older brother Sheikh Maktum ibn Rašid Al Maktum, during which time Dubai became a major centre of trade and tourism in the UAE.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Both also serve as Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai's oil reserves are less than twenty-fifth of Abu Dhabi's oil reserves, and oil revenues today account for only a small part of the city's revenues.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[3] Still, the UAE has tax exemption because the state owns more than half of the country's oil resources.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Of the 2.1 million residents living in Dubai, about 80% are foreigners.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Many of the laborers are from Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan, [4] and human rights organizations have criticized their living conditions.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[5] Geography and climate Dubai is located on the shores of the Persian Gulf, in the north-east of the UAE.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The city of Dubai covers an area of about 35 square kilometers, and the urban area of the emirate is 3885 square kilometers.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai plans to double expand its sector by building artificial islands and colonizing former desert land.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[6] The fjord 15 km long Dubai Gulf divides Dubai in two.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Its northern side is called Deira, the south side Bur Dubai.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[6] Dubai is located on the Kravu Turning Circle.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Its climate is hot and sunny.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[6] The hottest months of the year are July and August, with the average top temperature above 40 degrees Celsius.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The coolest is January and February, with the average lowest below 15 degrees.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

From June to October it does not rain at all, in February it rains the most, on average 36 mm.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[7] Dubai's landmarks include the Burj al-Arab Hotel, the three palm islands under construction and The World archipelago, which forms a map of the world when watched from the air.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai also has the world's tallest building, the Burj Khalifa (828 m).


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The grand opening of the tower was held on January 4, 2010.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

History The oldest archaeological finds in Dubai date back to the Bronze Age, around 3000 years BCE.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[8] In the 18th century, the area of present-day Dubai and Abu Dhabi was ruled by the Bani Yas tribe and their rivals were the Qaewasim tribe in the area of present-day Sharjah and Ra's al-Khaima emirates.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The situation was mixed with the English East Indies Trading Company, which, in response to attacks on its ships, allied with the Nani Yas tribe against the Qawasim tribe and defeated these in a war expedition in 1819.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

To consolidate their position, the British obliged the chiefs of the region to conclude a general peace treaty.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

After the agreement was concluded, India's trade routes had been secured and the production of pearls in the region began to flourish, especially benefiting the then Dubai region.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

In 1833, a contingent of about 800 from a sub-group of the Bani Yas tribe called al-Bu Falasah seceded from Abu Dhabi to form the independent Dubai Region.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The first ruler of Dubai was Maktoum bin Buti and the emirs of present-day Dubai are descended from the Maktoum family.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[9] Pearl production was for a long time Dubai's main industry.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Its economy received a considerable boost as Persia increased its tariffs at its ports, leading many merchants, artisans and their families to move to the freer Dubai.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The global depression, which began in 1929, particularly hit pearl production, which led to greater investment in the trade sector in Dubai.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

But the economy did not embark on greater growth as World War II hampered international commerce.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The change did not come until 1966 when oil deposits were discovered along the coast.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Oil and the revenue it brought made possible major infrastructure and industrial projects such as the Port Rashid and Jebal Ali ports, as well as the building of an industrial estate and aluminum smelter.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The United Kingdom decided to hydrogen from its military bases east of Suez in 1967 and the agreement with its subordinate States Parties expired on 1 December 1971.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The new state emerging from the States Parties was called the United Arab Emirates.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[9] Dubai merchants became rich especially during the Iraq—Iranian War, when they exported goods to Iran.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai's dry port, meanwhile, became an attractive destination for ships because it was considered safer during the war, than ports in Iran or Kuwait, for example.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Beginning in the 1980s, Dubai became the busiest port in the Persian Gulf.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Economic growth was also affected by Dubai's light taxation and internal stability.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Since the 1990s, efforts have been made to further diversify Dubai's economy as oil is known to run out in due course.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[9] By the time of the 21st century, several major construction projects were pending in the city.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[10] Economy Today Dubai is an important tourist destination and port, but also a growing hub for service industries such as information technology and banking.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The government has set up free economic zones around the city.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai Internet City and Dubai Media City are a hub for information technology organizations such as EMC, Oracle, Microsoft, and IBM, as well as media industry organizations such as MBC, CNN, Reuters, ARY and AP.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai Knowledge Village serves as an educational center.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Funding problems In the fall of 2009, Dubai's state investment company, Dubai World, was forced to ask for a half-year moratorium on repaying just under €40bn of its debts.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[11] At the same time, it became clear that the entire emirate of Dubai is in such a serious debt spiral that the situation is already destabilising the entire global economy.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The economy, which has been based solely on foreign debt taking, has been far from equilibrium because of the outsized projects of the small-state and was expected to go bankrupt.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai World's debts were guaranteed by the state and was subjected to a payment program for future years.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[12] Under the program, Dubai World should have sold its holdings in many companies, including US department stores and real estate companies.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

However, the rates of companies designed to be sold fell considerably compared to the purchase price, and some went bankrupt.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[13] Transport Transport links are provided by Emirates, an airline founded by the government in 1985 and carries more than 12 million passengers annually.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The company's home ground is Dubai International Airport, which in 2016 was the third busiest airport in the world in terms of passenger numbers [14].


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

The 12-lane Sheikh Zayed Motorway (Sheikh Zayed Road) passes through almost the entire emirate.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Connections outside the country are provided by Dubai International Airport, as well as the port of Jebel Ali.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Dubai also has a metro/air train which was completed on September 9, 2009.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[15] Metro currently operates two lines (red and green).


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Education In most schools in Dubai, the language of instruction is English.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Annual fees for childcare and preschool vary widely.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

For completely locals, children from families born in Dubai, study is free too.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Some elementary schools hold an entrance exam.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Most schools focus on one or more expatriate groups.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Law and Justice Dubai's legislation and social norms are based on sharia law.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

Under UAE law, it is required to prove rape that the rapist admit the act or the testimony of four eye-seeing adult males.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[16] In 2013, a Norwegian woman on a business trip was sentenced to 16 months in prison after she reported being raped by a coworker to the police.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[17] However, he was pardoned by Sheikh Muhammad ibn Rašid Al Maktum, the ruler of Dubai.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[18] Drinking alcohol without proper permission and having sex outside marriage are illegal.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[19] Entertainment and Sports in Dubai has a racecourse named Dubai Autodrome completed in 2005.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

A1GP series races have been run at the circuit, among other events.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[20] The world record for the BASE jump was broken in Dubai in 2010 when two men jumped from the newly graduated Burj Khalifa.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

[21] Sources Guinness world records 2001, p. 42.


Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

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Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

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Question: Are there mountains in Dubai?

Dubai

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Korisliiga is the main league of men's basketball in Finland.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The men's main league has been played under the Korisliiga name since the 2005—06 season.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In the 2004—05 season, the name Sparliiga was used for the series according to its main sponsor.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

For the 1999—2004 seasons, the series was played under the name SM-koris and prior to this the name of men's basketball SM-sarja has been used.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The Finnish Men's Basketball Championship has been played since 1939, when the championship was won by the Ylioppilaskorijat from Helsinki.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The most Finnish championships (14 in all) have been won by the Panthers.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

According to an article published by Sports Messages in January 2015, Korisliiga is the 15th best national premier league in Europe.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[1] The Finnish Basketball Association of Finland assembled a twelve-team indoor series in spring 1939 to compete for the first time in basketball men's Finnish Championship.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In the first season, eight teams from the Helsinki Metropolitan Region were involved, two teams from the Kotka region and two teams from Vyborg.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[2] The first points in Finnish Championship history were scored by Kaarlo Einiö of Eiran Kisa-Veikkon.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[3] As a league system, the first season was a two-loss cup, from which the top four teams qualified for the final series.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Matches of the season were played during March—April.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Eiran Kisa-Veikot and the first team of the Student Basketball Players survived to the final.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

However, Kisa-Veikot forfeited the match because the football series had already started and the same men represented the club in football as well.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The first Finnish championship in history was thus won by Ylioppilasbasketball players.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[2] For the second time the Finnish championship was played in autumn 1940.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

This was the first actual basketball championship series, as for the first time all eight teams in the series faced each other once.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The championship series matches were also taken at the newly founded betting agency Oy Tippaustoimisto AB (later.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Veikkaus Oy) as traction sites.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The popularity of basketball in Finland increased considerably thanks to betting.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In 1940, Eiran Kisa-Veikot was the winner of the series, which was awarded for the first time a circular prize decorated with bear patterns donated by Oy Perkko AB.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Based on the rotation award, the championship series began to be called the Bear Trophy Series as well.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In the 1940 and 1941 championship series, all eight teams were Helsinki-based, in addition, there were also army detachments.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The 1941 championship series was won by a team from the Cadet School.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In early 1941, the Basketball Association imposed a special restriction on the championship series in relation to the current situation of basketball, as the restriction stipulated that the series was not allowed to be played by players whose length exceeded 190 centimeters.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[2] After Continuation War Due to Continuation War, basketball's SM-sarja went unplayed in 1942 and 1943.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

However, sports organisations tend to keep up activity even in difficult times to maintain mental health.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The Finnish Basketball Association was one of the most active sports organizations during the war years, and instead of SM-sarja, basketball was played in the so-called war series, whose matches were also found on the betting list.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[2] After the war years, after a three-year hiatus, SM-sarja was launched in autumn 1944, when the seven-team simple series was won by Helsinki-based Kiri-Veikot.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In the same year, the Finnish Women's Championship was also played for the first time, which was named Helsingin Tarmo.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The Basketball Association had been cooperating for many years with the Workers' Sports Association and the federations organised a joint Finnish championship series in 1945 and 1946.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In 1945, eight teams played in the SM-sarja, of which Kiri-Veikot took the victory.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The following year ten teams played in the series, of which the Finnish championship was won by the Helsinki NMKY.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[2] The Finnish Basketball Association joined the Finnish Gymnastics and Sports Federation in 1946.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

As a result, TUL severed its eight-year affiliation agreement with the Basketball Association.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

However, in April 1947, the Basketball Association wrote a new union cooperation agreement with TUL and the federations agreed that the 1947 Finnish champion would be decided in a mutual match between the internal champions of both federations.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The Finnish championship was won by Helsinki NMKY, who played in the SKL series, by defeating TUL champion Työkäen Maila-Pojat in the final.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[2] In June 2015, the Finnish Basketball Association and Elisa announced a 3+1-year cooperation agreement, according to which the Elisa Entertainment service will broadcast all regular season and playoff matches worldwide in Korisliiga.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Viewing matches on mobile devices is also possible.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The broadcast technology utilizes automatic cameras installed in the arenas in the previous season.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[4] In October 2014, Korisliiga and the clubs started streaming all Korisliiga matches via Korisliiga TV as a three-year project.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The matches were available to watch around the world.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Camera production took place with the help of a Belgian company producing a similar service for the Euroleague, and the distribution platform was produced by a Finnish company.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

The service was produced using motion-sensing automatic cameras.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

In addition, Korisliiga TV produced compilations of matches, coach interviews as well as real-time prime-time moments from matches.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Not all matches were expounded.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Korisliiga TV was paid, and viewing rights could be purchased in the regular season either for individual matches, all matches of a particular team, or all matches of all teams.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Of the playoffs, KorisLiigaTV showed, due to matches televised in part the rest of the season, 12—31 matches.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[5] [6] In addition to Korisliiga TV, Yleisradio aired Korisliiga matches on its Sports Weekend broadcasts.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[7] Sports Messages aired matches to its subscribers weekly, [8] and VeikkausTV broadcast a few matches.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Teams in 2017—2018 2000s main league clubs in timeline Statistics and lists Audience averages Sources: [9] [10] [11] [12] Largest audience numbers Maximum audience numbers in regular season.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

[13] Championships Complete list of champions in List of Finnish men's basketball medalists 14 championships — Panthers 9 championships — Torpan Boys 7 championships — Espoo Honka, Helsinki NMKY 6 championships — Kotkan Työkäen Pallojat, Tapiolan Honka 5 championships — Helsinki Kisa-Taverit 4 championships — Kouvot, Turku NMKY 3 championships — Tampere Pyrintö 2 championships — Lappeenranta NMKY, Namika Lahti, Nilan Bisons 1 championship — Eiran Kisa-Veikot, Cadet school, UU basket sharks, Student basketball players, Joensuun Juniper In 1942 and the 1943 Continuation War prevented play for the championship.


Question: When was the first season of the basket league?

Korisliiga

Awards The Finnish Basketball Association annually awards the best of the season in the following categories: Player of the Year Finals Best Player of the Year Defensive Player of the Year Rookie of the Year Most Advanced Player of the Year Best Sixth Player of the Year Aliens of the Year coach Referee of the Year All-time player stats See: Lists of Korisliiga Sources on topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša (, plural Ustaše) was a nationalist-National Socialist Croat organization brought to power by the Axis powers in World War II in 1941.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

[1] Ustaša policy was influenced by National Socialism and Fascism and had a paramilitary contingent that carried out brutal extermination expeditions to Serb villages.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The emblem of the Ustaša was U and its flag Croatian red-white-blue tricolor with the Croatian checkered coat of arms in the centre and the letter U surrounded by a stylised diamond in the upper left corner.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša wanted to build a unified ethnically pure Greater Croatia with the hardest grips.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

It persecuted Serbs, Jews, Roma, anti-fascists and Bosniaks and Croats who were against the Ustaša, seeking to ethnically cleanse Croatia by converting Orthodox Serbs to Catholics, murdering Serbs and driving them into exile.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

An estimated 100000—200000 people were killed by the Ustaša in the Jasenovac concentration camp and even more in the Yugoslav countryside.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Even the Germans, who at the same time were carrying out genocide, were horrified by the organisation's actions.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša did not persecute the Bosniaks, who were associated with the Ustaša and Waffen-SS.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša was defeated by the Red Army and communist partisans in 1945.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Slobodan Milošević, the president of Yugoslavia who supported the ultra-nationalists, justified the atrocities against Croats during Yugoslavia's wars of dissolution in the 1990s with the Ustaša's purges of Serb villages half a century earlier.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Thus the cycle of revenge continued in the Balkans.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša in the 1920s and 1930s saw the Ustaša form as an integral organization between 1928 and 1929, when a wave of right-wing radicalism and nationalism spread in Europe.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Under the name of the Ustaša, the organization began to run in 1933.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The name means rebel.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Croats used the old designation that had been used for the Serb rebels fighting Turkey of 1875.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

At the beginning, the Ustaša was a mere movement seeking national independence.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In the 1930s, the Ustaša drove the detachment of Croats from Yugoslavia and carried out terrorist attacks.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

With its bad reputation, especially in the eyes of the Serbs, the Ustaša acquired only during World War II.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Back then, the Ustaša had an army of tens of thousands of men.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

When King Alexander of Yugoslavia was assassinated in 1934, the Ustaša was accused of committing a manhunt.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Ustaša members fled to Italy, among other places.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Soon Italy and Yugoslavia concluded an agreement, and Ustaša members began to return to Yugoslavia.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Ustaša during World War II When the Germans offered the HSS, the strongest party in Yugoslavia, cooperation in governing Yugoslavia, the HSS refused.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Instead, the Ustaša sided with the National Socialists in April 1941 and hundreds of Ustaša members returned from exile in Italy.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša had little support in Croatia.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In the territory they controlled, the Ustaša founded the NDH (Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, Independent State of Croatia), which also included much of Bosnia-Herzegovina and Serbia.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Italy and Germany divided Croatia into two zones.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Shortly after the establishment of the state on 20 April 1941, Ante Pavelić, the Ustaša leader who went into exile in the 1930s, returned to the country.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

He now became a poglavnik in charge of the Führer, a leader who appeared in uniform like Adolf Hitler.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Any popular movement threatening the Ustaša was banned, for example, in June, the country's earlier main party, HSS.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša soon began massacring other populations in the region.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Serbs were mass-murdered on 27 April 1941 in Gudovac near Bjelovar.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In the summer of 1941, concentration camps began to be built.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

As a counter-effect, organizations opposed to the Ustaša and declared illegal began to act: in July 1941 a pro-Serb Četnikit organization and leftist partisans began operations.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša sought to convert Serbs to Catholics, drive them away and kill them.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Ustaša raised strong hatred in the population because of its arrogance, corruption, robberies and murders [2].


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The organisation ravaged Serb villages with such a frenzy that the Germans were marveled, too.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Estimates of Ustaša casualties range from around 100000 to one million.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In 1942, the paramilitary “paramilitary” cleansing Ustaša Serb villages had an estimated 10,000 members.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Home Guard, or Domobrani, fought weakly against the Partisans and acted as an “arms supplement” for the Partisans, as its forces were easily defeated by the Partisans.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Italy began to support the Četniks instead of the Ustaša, which went against the request of Nazi Germany.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Četniks also murdered Muslims of their own and hated.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

This turned moods against the Četniks.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In 1943, the Partisans gained control of a large area.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Red Army arrived in Croatia in the closing weeks of the war.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Ustaša forces were still fighting in March 1945, but were bloody defeated.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

When the Ustaša soldiers fled along with the Slovenian White Guards to Austria, they were returned back by British troops.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In this case, Tito's partisans killed all but women and minors [3], totaling up to 20,000 people [3].


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Ethnic and loyal persecution, the Ustaša became especially known for its heinous violence and persecution against Serbs, Jews and Roma, and sometimes also Bosnian Muslims and Croats who opposed the Ustaša, which shocked even Germans.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

On 6 June 1941, Ustašan minister Mile Budak gave a speech in which he declared that “one third of Serbs will be slain, a third will be expelled from the country and a third will be forcibly converted to Catholicism”.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Roma and Jews are offered, according to him, “three million bullets.”


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The speech was reported in all NDH newspapers.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Hermann Naubacher, who was Hitler's personal assistant in the Balkans, referred to the Ustaša mass destruction as “a crusade, the most brutal mass murder in the entire history of the world.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

“[4] The aftermath of the Ustaša Ustaša and Croatia, born in 1991, have no official connection.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

The Independent Croatian State during World War II was merely a puppet state of the Germans.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In the 1960s, a movement for national reconciliation simmered in Croatia, driving reconciliation between former Ustaša and Partisan members.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

In the opinion of Croatian President Franjo Tuđman of the 1990s, Ustaša Croatia was an integral, acceptable part of the history of Croatia's struggle for independence.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Some Croats wanted to restore the Ustaša ideology in the war of independence.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

A few Croat troops sang old Ustaša songs in July 1991 at the dawn of the Croatian War.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

However, the majority of Croats today do not support the Ustaša.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Patriotism and nationalism naturally have support, but in Croatia it has no longer manifested itself as a broad activity of violent extremists such as the Ustaša.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

Sources Yrjö Lautela and Jyrki Palo: Yugoslavia — a nation that was not.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

VAPK Cost 1992.ISBN 9513709566.


Question: What kind of organization was the Ustaša?

Ustaša

References Category:War crimes of World War II Category:Independent Croatian State Category:Fascist parties Category:Paramilitary organizations Category:History of Croatia


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Länsimetro () is a partially deployed [1] extension of the Helsinki Metro to Southern Espoo.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The first phase, introduced in November 2017, comprises a westward extension of the metro line up to Matinkylä metro station, with eight new stations.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Its length is 13.9 kilometers long.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The second phase continues the metro until Kivlahti metro station.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

To save costs, the station platforms were shortened by a third, causing the maximum capacity of the entire existing Eastern Metro line to be reduced as well.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The solution, which saved EUR 50 million, was reached because otherwise Espoo would not necessarily have agreed to the metro project.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[2] In 2018, it is predicted that the Western Metro will run out of capacity in 2023, and a turnstile rail to Matinkylä costing one hundred million euros has been proposed as a solution.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[3] Metro lines M1 and M2 have run since the completion of the first phase from the terminus of the previous metro line from Ruoholahti via Lauttasaari, Otaniemi and Tapiola to Matinkylä.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The M1 runs between Matinkylä — Vuosaari and M2 between Tapiola—Mellunmäki.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[4] Bus services in Espoo and Lauttasaari switched to an access model on 3 January 2018.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Construction work on the Länsimetro began in November 2009, and excavation work on the first phase was completed in late February 2014.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The project plan for the second phase was completed in spring 2012, and construction work started in Suomenoja in December 2014.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The second phase was originally scheduled to be completed in 2020, [5] but the date was subsequently postponed to 2023, and service could begin in either 2023 or 2024.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[6] When the second construction phase is completed, the whole of Southern Espoo (Suur-Tapiola, Suur-Matinkylä and Suur-Espoonlahti) will be covered by rail transport.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

History Planning and Construction Decision Joint Helsing-Espoo Project A metro line similar to Länsimetro was proposed to be built already in the planning phase of the Helsinki metro.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

For example, the metro to Espoo appeared in the 1968 Smith-Polvinen transport plan.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[7] In August 2006, the Espoo City Government decided to support the implementation of the Western Metro from Ruoholahti to Matinkylä.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[8] The city council was tipped to support the implementation of the Western Metro in September of the same year.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[9] The Master Plan for Western Metro was completed in 2007.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The cities of Espoo and Helsinki established Länsimetro Oy, which became responsible for the implementation of the first and second stages of construction of Länsimetro.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[10] The company is owned by the City of Espoo with 72% share and Helsinki with 28% share.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The Espoo City Council adopted a decision on the implementation of the first phase of the metro in May 2008.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[11] Metro costs are distributed on a “cross-border” basis between cities: [12] 72% of the costs go to Espoo and 28% to Helsinki.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[13] The subway project was supported by the State with a 30% grant.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[12] Other Alternatives of Metro Espoo conducted a comparison of different transport systems in 2002, comparing metro, express tramway and bus system.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[14] The Environmental Impact Assessment Report (EIA) of the rail link, completed in December 2005, identified other forms of public transport, such as the express tramway and the continuation-trimmed bus network.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[14] A counter-proposal designated as TramWest was put together by a dozen transportation professionals, students and enthusiasts, which put forward the replacement of the subway with a wider network of express trams.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The group estimated the price of the 57-mile-long TramWest network at €365 million at the time of its presentation in March 2006.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[15] TramWest supporters claimed it was cheaper, wider than the subway, [16] more environmentally friendly, more energy efficient, and easier to build.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[17] However, TramWest did not proceed further than the plan when the Espoo City Council supported an underground subway solution.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Construction of the first phase Espoo City Council approved the underground city plan for the metro in January 2009, [18] and construction of the first phase of the Länsimetro started in Ruoholahti in November of the same year.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[19] Half of the tunnels had been mined in July 2012.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[20] Construction work on the stations started in September of the same year.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[21] In October 2013, the City Council of Espoo decided to build Niittykumpu station in connection with the rest of the metro, as it would have become up to twice as expensive to build it while the metro is already operating.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[22] The excavation work on the subway tunnels was completed in February 2014 [23] and the rails had been installed on the entire section of the line in early December 2015.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Installation of the busbar was also underway.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The Metro's drift flow was planned to be connected in January 2016, [24] and test runs were scheduled to begin in February.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[25] However, the start of the runs was postponed until March, when the metro was planned to be running order between Ruoholahti—Keilaniemi.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The Ruoholahti—Koivusaari section was ready for test run in late February.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Later in the spring, test runs continued to Tapiola and finally Matinkylä when interlocking equipment for the subway line was completed.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[26] Schedule delays The first phase of the Metro project suffered significant delays before traffic began.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

It was estimated before detonation work began in September 2009 to be completed in the fall of 2014, [27] but the opening date was postponed many times.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Completion of Metro was first postponed until 2015, [28] from which it moved further to the 2016 side.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The new target opening date was refined on 15 August 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[29] However, the opening date had to be postponed even further due to delays in testing of safety related technical systems.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In June 2016, Metro operations were scheduled to start at the end of the same year, [30] but the date was postponed until late that month until early 2017.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[31] In October 2016, the opening date was again postponed as Länsimetro Oy estimated that in early December 2016 the metro would open up to Tapiola no earlier than April 2017 and in full by June of the same year, when access services would also begin.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In spring 2017, Länsimetro Oy estimated that the technical conditions for the operation would be met in June 2017 and access traffic could be switched to in August 2017 in connection with the introduction of causal schedules.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[32] However, in May 2017, Länsimetro Oy reported that the opening would move to at least September 2017.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Eventually, traffic to Matinkylä was started on 18 November 2017.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In addition to delays in construction schedules, problems were caused by, among other things, the automation of metro trains and stations, which HKL eventually decided to postpone until later [33] and start operating the Western Metro with trains driven by drivers.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[34] Problems arose in the joint test use of Aalto University station control systems at the end of May 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The problems came to light when the station began testing the flow of information between the station and the control room in the event of a possible emergency.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Problems with the station's security systems eventually led to the postponement of the completion schedule for the first phase of construction in June 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[35] A major postponement of the Metro project was announced on Friday 10 June 2016, [36] when, among other things, HSL had had time to launch an extensive advertising campaign about the start of metro service.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[37] Länsimetro Oy announced at the end of June 2016 the subway test operation would begin no earlier than January of the following year.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

During the test operation, passengers would have already been admitted to the subway, but the access line would not have been in use yet.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Subway construction and system-specific test runs were expected to be completed in October 2016 in the event of the end of June.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

HSL director Suvi Rihtniemi anticipated in late June that passenger services could have started even before the turn of the year 2016-17 if the remaining work on the metro had gone well.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[38] Due to the news of delays, HSL began negotiating bus lines to replace the subway.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[39] HSL agreed with operators for the continuation of regional lines until at least the end of the year 2016-17.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The contract also included an option to operate until the 2017 summer season.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[36] Subregion line compensation buses introduced due to Metro's delays cost approximately EUR 1,8 million a month, according to HSL's calculations.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[40] As a result of the delay news in June, the City of Helsinki decided to order a report on delays in the metro project from the consulting company BDO Oy in August 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[41] However, BDO later withdrew from the project, as the company responsible for auditing the City of Espoo was thought to have a conflict of interest in the metro case.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The clearing was given in August [42] to Deloitte, the third place in the original tender, whose bid was approximately twice as expensive.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[43] In the beginning of November, it was decided to put the city's report on hold until Länsimetro Oy's own report is completed.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[44] In the context of the end of October, the subway company's survey was expected to be completed by the end of 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[45] In October 2016, the opening date for the metro was again postponed, this time to an unspecified date.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The metro company said it would announce a new opening schedule in November 2016 when joint use tests of the systems at Aalto University, Tapiola and Keilaniemi stations would be complete.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The delay was prompted by safety tests underway at the Aalto University metro station since the beginning of October, in which several failures had been revealed in the operation and control of the equipment.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[36] At the end of the same month, more reasons for the postponement of the subway project came to light.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In an article published by Helsingin Sanomat, it was reported that the delays were, for example, an improperly installed busbar from miles away and poorly washed track tunnels, where stone dust left behind quarrying clogged the filters and tags of subway trains on trial runs.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The remedies allowed subway trains to start running at a full 80km/h speed in the week following the news's release.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[45] Länsimetro Oy announced the resignation of CEO Matti Kokkinen in mid-November 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

At the time of the sacking, the company announced yet another cost overrun that brought the total cost of the metro project to €1186 million.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

To replace the fired Kokkinen as CEO of the metro company, Ville Saksi, who was CEO of VR Track, was appointed.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[46] At the beginning of December 2016, Länsimetro Oy gave a new target date for the start of metro services following the completion of joint test runs at Keilaniemi, Aalto University and Tapiola stations.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The company expects the metro to be ready for service on the Tapiola—Ruoholahti section in April 2017 and the entire first phase of construction for the subway extension in June of the same year.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

However, the final decision to start metro services was taken by HSL, which also decided on the timing of the transition to the line.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[47] The premise of the 2017—2018 season operating plan presented by HSL in January 2017 was that passenger services on the Ruoholahti—Matinkylä section would commence on 19 June 2017.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[48] Connection traffic The Helsinki region services continued to operate bus lines between Southern Espoo and Helsinki until 3 January 2018, when bus lines to Kamppi Bus Terminal were diverted to either Tapiola or Matinkylä metro stations.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[49] Planning for the second phase miniature|The mouth of the working tunnel at Espoonlahti metro station in February 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In HSL's 2011 Transport System Plan (HLJ 2011), the second construction phase of the west metro had been specified to begin by 2020.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The report estimated the price of the extension of the Western Metro at EUR 400 million.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[50] The preliminary master plan for the extension of Länsimetro from Matinkylä to Kivenlahti was completed in spring 2011.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[51] The project plan for the project was completed in May 2012.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[52] It proposed the construction of a metro from Matinkylä all the way to Saunalahti.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[53] It was decided to abandon the construction of Saunalahti station a year before construction work began.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[54] Following the freezing of Saunalahti station, the subway extension was reduced to five new stations.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

It was decided to place the metro depot in Moss Mountain.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[55] After the second phase is completed, it is also possible to continue the metro to Kirkkonummi or to Kauklahti by the shoreline track.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[56] The project plan for the Matinville—Stone Bay section was approved by the City Council in 2012 [57] and its funding by the city government in September 2014.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[58] The construction decision was conditional on the State's participation in the project of EUR 240 million.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

When construction work began, the cost of the extension of the metro was estimated at €800 million.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[56] According to the advanced project plan published in March 2018, the cost of the second phase will increase, like the first phase, to approximately EUR 1.2 billion.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In addition, the start of Phase II service was postponed until 2023.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[6] Construction of the second phase Metro excavation work started in Finnoo in December 2014.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[59] [60] Openwork for Souka Metro station was the first to be completed on the subway extension in February 2015, after which the extraction of underground working tunnels began at the site.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[61] Excavation of the working tunnel at the Moss Mountain Metro Depot commenced in March 2015 and was estimated to be completed in July 2015.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[62] Openwork for Kivlahti and Kaita stations started in April 2015.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[63] [64] Quarrying of railway tunnels and subway stations began first in the Souka Station area in September 2015, [65] and began in Kivlahti in late November of the same year.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[66] Excavations at Finnoo station and Sammalvuori metro depot were about to start in March 2016.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[67] Costs First phase of construction The expenses for the first phase of the metro project were assessed excluding VAT in the 2008 project plan.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In the project's price estimate of about 714 million, the biggest expense item was the metro stations, for which some 240 million euros were estimated to be needed, a generous third of the cost of the entire project.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

Most of the cost of stations came from structures (79%), parking facilities (13%) and changes to street arrangements (5%).


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

In the cost contributions of the whole project, subway tunnels were scarce after the stations, which were estimated to cost around EUR 236 million, and just under a third of the price estimate for the whole project.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

After the tunnels, the next costliest section was the 13.9 km subway line, which was estimated to spend around €146 million, a fifth of the project's budget.


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

The remaining 14% of the project price estimate comprised planning (7.0%), construction (5.2%), and soil and rock surveys (0.7%).


Question: When was the first part of the west metro planned?

Länsimetro

[68] The price estimate for the first phase of the Western Etro rose steadily from EUR 400 million at the beginning of the design period to finally just over 1 billion towards the end of construction work in April 2015.