Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 1 October, the main force of Finns was surrounded at 4 o'clock in the morning at the village opening, but the battle was won by chance turning machine-gun fire into the main enemy force.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The victory was secured by the hook-up of Akseli Isopuro's company, to which Sivén belonged, to the enemy's back.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Finns fell 20 and enemies about a hundred.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Despite the victory, Sivén in his memoirs of the Viena expeditions criticized the military leadership and considered the overall victory to be a fortuitous range.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Disappointed and embittered but motivated, Sivén wandered from the skies of agony with his troops towards the Finnish border.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, the wounded Private T.A. Simpura remained behind.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén decided not to leave the guy in Viena's raven and set off to return deeper to Viena in search of his comrades-in-arms.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén found Simpura but was lost along the way.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Men crammed without food, their legs covered with blood and body lice swarming towards the border.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén had time to make a decision on the third day of hiking that he will shoot himself unless there is any change by 12 p.m.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At 10 o'clock, however, Sivén and Simpura arrived at the fishing lounge of the Karelians, from where they were guided to the Finnish side.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was in poor health and was still coughing up blood a month after coming to the Finnish side.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 4 October, Kuisma's day order mentioned Sivé as having excelled and he was promoted to corporal, as well as being awarded the Cross of Liberty Class IV, but it had already been awarded to him once.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

A week after returning home, Sivén took part in a scouting trip to Lake Latva by ice steward Karl Dahlman.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On this expedition, Sivén shot one enemy.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, Sivén was ready to leave again and summed up his first and only remaining tribal warfare to his 17-year-old comrade-in-arms Arno von Pfaler thus: for Sivén, the era of tribal wars was the most important and latest time of life.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After the Viena excursion, Sivén became famous and the activist circles circulated: “Everyone lost hope in Karelians, except, naturally, Bobi Sivén.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Many were embittered and lost their illusions on the Viena expeditions, but Sivén did not.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He felt it became just to try even harder.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The worst place for Sivén was the death of his father Valter Osvald (Ossi) Sivén at his home on 13 December 1918.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

It is speculated that Ossi Sivén, who supported the German trend, decided to end his day because just before death Germany had lost World War I and Mannerheim was appointed state administrator.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, there is no evidence for this and it may have been that the death was natural.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The grave wreath of the Sivén family read: “Sleep in peace at the hem of your motherland, your dearest.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Matriculation policy Bobi Sivén never wrote matriculated, but was excommunicated.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Due to the Civil War, writings were suspended and all abiturients were declared outright matriculating.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén enrolled in the Faculty of Historical-Linguistics and majored in history, philosophy and national economics, as well as minoring in Latin, which he was able to read approbatur in the spring semester.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was very interested in antiquity and Latin.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén belonged to the Karelian sub-municipality, which had been firmly tribal for a year at the time.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, Sivén was annoyed that he should suspend his studies for conscript service.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was not a soldier by nature and, on top of all that, it was a little strange that a freedom and tribal warrior who had excelled in combat would still be conscripted.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén's leadership character made its way to prominence in the tribal activist sub-commune.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He soon suggested in Osakunta that conscript service could be carried out in Eastern Karelia, in practice in Repola, which had joined Finland, and in those areas that would be taken over.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Osakunta also organized a library for the Repola Elementary School Seminar by soliciting donations from various publishing shops.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén also created a state from the co-municipalities to pursue the East Karelian cause.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén wrote to his brother SpongeBob about the committee: “Maybe we will not have a force that will conquer the people as long as you soldiers conquer the land.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Soon after his first job, Sivén's committee threw a party for Aunus' delegation from Karelia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was personally invited by the prestigious guests of the celebration, including the 13-person Mission of Central Aunus, Minister Kyösti Kallio and Minister of Eastern Karelia Affairs Mikko Luopajärvi, Speaker of the Parliament Lauri Kristian Relander.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In addition, a number of other Karelian friends and sacrificed to the tribal cause arrived.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Bobi Sivén gave a speech to Suur-Finland at Ruokolahti in the summer of 1918 and in early spring 1919 at Norssi's Estonia celebration.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The speech was met with great applause and moved the participants.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The headliner of the celebration was the Student Union Singers.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After the celebration, Sivén mingled with influential politicians and activists making important connections.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In this case, he also got to present his main idea for a party of peasant and matriculation youth.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Agrarian League would create a base for this party, united by the college students and the academic middle class.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

This new party would have implemented bourgeois Reform policies that would have aimed at closing the divide in social classes and healing the wounds of the civil war.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In his conversations with politicians, Sivén emphasized that the Agrarian League was still the best of the parties because it actively supported tribal politics.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén's agrarian alliance was further emphasised by Kaila, who subsequently became a strong background influence in the Agrarian League in the 1920s.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In June 1919, Sivén was to leave with deputy magistrate Otto Åkesson to organise a civil administration in Aunus.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Åkesson would have been Prime Minister and Sivén his Permanent Secretary, but Foreign Minister Rudolf Holsti denied any activists' involvement in Aunus' politics.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After Viena, tribal activists became interested in Aunus.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén himself did not embark on the expedition of Aunus, as he was assigned to perform his military service as a machine-gun company of the Vöyr Battalion of the White Guard.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, Sivén acted as E.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At the request of E. Kaila, volunteers initially as a recruiter in May and since June as “Head of Central Office of the Karelian Expedition Enlistment Bureau” on Wladimirinkatu.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Although Sivén only had time to startle the schoolboys left in class from the recruitment office and recruit only 53 volunteer tribal warriors, more important was the fact that Sivén had made his way into the activists' powerful inner circle.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén became Kaila's credit man.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Kaila said of Bob, “a hell of a boy to do a nice job at the very beginning.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

For activists, another bad setback, besides the failure of the monarchy project and the East Karelian expeditions, was the defeat suffered by Mannerheim to Ståhlberg in the first presidential election by an elective vote of 143—50.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was an exceptional activist because he supported Ståhlberg, even though he had regarded the Icefers as traitors to the land, and was not favoured for Finnish independence.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén felt that Mannerheim would not have helped national defragmentation after the Civil War, as the Reds hated him as the vanquishing of the Red Rebellion.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén also did not trust Mannerheim, as this was a Swedish-speaking nobleman and an officer in the Russian army.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was not sure if Mannerheim was certainly up to the Finns.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Bobi Sivén, like his father, was therefore suspicious of Mannerheim.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In June-July 1919, Sivén circulated the circular Mannerheimis for President in Kaila's activist circle? , which saw the Civil War as the main task of restoring national unity, and Mannerheim would not be any best implementer of this task, according to Sivén.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In September 1919, in issues 18 and 19 of the activist magazine Direction appeared one of Sivén's most important literary outputs, the two-volume article “Imperialism and the Far Karelian Question”, which is a kind of model of the tribal cause at its purest.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

By imperialism, Sivén meant the pursuit of the state's own selfish interests and the oppression of another nationality.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In the article, Sivén warned that Finland would be guilty of imperialism if it thought only of its forests, rapids and abundant fishing grounds for East Karelia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Finnish policy in East Karelia had to have morally pure foundations.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Finland had to help Karelia in return for receiving Kalevala from it in due course.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Karelians' magnificently beautiful, poetic, sulchord and vibrant language and culture would experience a “Kalevalan Renaissance” in Finnish context, but in the context of Russia they would experience destruction.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Finland owed a debt of gratitude to Kalevala's birth and it had to help Karelia in every way.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

According to Sivén, everything had to have morally pure grounds.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In his opinion, the politics and patriotism of East Karelia were not to be maintained only by incandescent hatred.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

While Sivén's employer and fellow activist E.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

E. Kaila was already known at that time for his bottomless hatred of the former conqueror people; for Sivén, his hatred was not suitable.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The first titular man of Repola, who joined Finland on 31 August 1918, was Otto Alfred Rautava, a Finn from November 1918 until late autumn 1919.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Editorial Board of East Karelia, who led Repola, chose among 36 applicants to become Repola's titular man, passing H. H. Sivén, a student of philosophy.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The committee wanted a sworn person who would continue the social development that began in Repola in Finland and would understand and appreciate Karelians.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Only 20 years old, Sivén, who was still in the middle of his military service, was able to take office with the support of Lauri Kyander, his fellow member and tribal activist, and Mikko Luopajärvi, a country ally minister in charge of East Karelian affairs.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was appointed acting titular man of Repola on 12 December 1919.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, Luopajärvi died on 6 January and he was replaced by Rudolf Holsti of the National Progress Party, who at the same time became Sivén's new superior.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Official duties December 1919 — March 1920 Immediately after arriving in Repola after the Christmas Saints 1919, Siven received the so-called ugly case.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

It was a robbery murder in which the suspect was the Finnish patronage officer August Viitanen, who played as a Finnish ice steward.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In December 1919, two Russians suspected of being Bolsheviks, Mikhail Nikolnikov and Ilya Bogdonov, were arrested by the patron council of Repola, who were carrying with them a large sum of rubles.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 16 December August Viitanen and the Repolan patron Nikolai Höttönen set out to take prisoners to the White Russians' guard in Muujärvi, but soon the Repolans found the shot bodies looted in the forest.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In addition, the murder was implicated after Rautava of Repola and before Sivén's arrival, a Repolan ice steward, but Ville Mauranen, who had issued passports to Viitanen and Höttönen for the escape.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén knew that the case was best sorted out as quickly and cleanly as possible, lest the Repolans become nervous and the Left's newspapers, which opposed East Karelia's policies, would have received a propaganda weapon from the case.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén imprisoned Viitasen, Höttönen, Mauranen and the Repolan local chief of the patronage, Paavo Höttönen, who he suspected of being the instigator for the murder.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén wisely delivered a psychological morality sermon, prompting Viitanen to confess.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Later, in March 1920, Sivén served as prosecutor in a trial in which Viitanen was sentenced to life, Nikolai Höttönen to two years and Mauranen to one year in prison, but due to the Peace of Tartu, the prisoners were already released at the end of the same year.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Paavo Höttönen was acquitted.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

H. H. Sivén, a young idealistic titular, arrived in Repola with a plan for an extensive reform programme, the central part of which was the realignment of land ownership conditions.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, through various messes and this robbery murder, Sivén found out how confused they were in East Karelia and the protected areas of Finland.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Soon Sivén became involved with his employer's editorial board in East Karelia and, by extension, the Finnish government.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Particularly as a man of cause, Sivén clashed with bureaucrats from the state and editorial board, as well as real politicians.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The mess began when Sivén discovered that Mikko Terho, the name man in Porajärvi, who handled food affairs at Repola, had left his job behind poor ledger keeping and receipt recovery.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén complained about this illegal activity and Terho attacked him.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Eventually, the editorial board agreed with Sivén's criticism after hearing the Repolan meetings of the Repolans who criticised the Committee and the Board of Directors.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The intervals became inflamed with the Finnish state bureaucrats, but Sivén could not be driven out of office, ever this enjoyed very high confidence, popularity and prestige among the Repolans.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The commission eventually acknowledged Sivén's merits with the Repolans, and no action against Sivén went ahead.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

One of Sivén's complaints that paid off was the so-called. The Arranma thing where Sivén considered lumber deals to be done to the Repolans on far too bad terms.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On top of that, logging had been poorly carried out and the Repolans were annoyed about the forest challenge.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Finnish state had concluded sawn goods transactions V.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

K. Arranmaan under the name of Repola with the municipality of Repola in early 1920, when the economic state of the municipality was poor.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Repolans were initially happy with the trades.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The purchase price was deducted from the food supplied to Repola, but as the value of timber rose rapidly during the year, the trade agreement with the Repolans no longer felt advantageous.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On top of that, forestry labourers were paid too modest.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén defended the Repolans and changed the treaty to make it better for them.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

This further strengthened Sivén's solid popularity among the Repolans.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In February 1920, Sivén was forced to organize the defense of Repola and its territory.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Red Army had dispersed the White Russians' forces on Muurmann, and these began to flee, led by General Skobletsin, towards Repola and Lake Drill, while drawing Bolsheviks after them.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

With only 27 men in Repola's command and only about 150 in Porajärvi, border guard troops and two battalions were transferred from Inner Finland to the area.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was in trouble as more and more hungry and miserable white Russian soldiers, as well as refugees, began flooding into Repola and Porajärvi.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Finns got into clashes with the Bolsheviks until, on Kalevala Day, 28 February 1920, the real major battles against the Red Army in the direction of Porajärvi began.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

As a civil authority, Sivén was forced to take responsibility for the refugees.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The situation in March/April at Repola was really critical, although the Finns stopped a 1,200-man and four-cannon strong Red Army force in the Soutajärven-Jänkäjärvi area only 4km away from the church village of Porajärvi.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén attempted to organise a reconnaissance force out of the patrons of the region to take on the vanguard of the enemies, but nothing came of this.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He stated that the situation was the same as in the autumn of 1918 in Uhtua and wrote: “The people of Karelia are not belligerent.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

When it comes to a critical situation then their lively imagination solidifies willpower.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

I suppose this is the reason that throughout history it has played that part of the submissive.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 5 April, Sivén had time to say: “The Greater Suomi-aate has now suffered a complete shipwreck”, but soon the Bolsheviks stopped attacking the Finnish protected areas.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, Sivén decided that he would leave East Karelia after completing his conscription and postpone his participation in actual politics.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The spring and summer of 1920 were coming painful times for Sivén and other tribal activists as peace talks in Tartu got under way and it seemed that the people of East Karelia could barely even be granted autonomy.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Some politicians, such as J. K. Paasikivi in particular, intended to give East Karelia, effectively the municipalities of Repola and Porajärvi under Finnish protection, to Soviet Russia in exchange for Petsamo.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén could not accept such realpolitik, in which the Karelians had been lured with empty promises as a pledge by the Finnish state for negotiations.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

This pledge would then be exchanged for an Arctic Ocean shore considered more economically valuable.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Such “tribal trickery” Sivén could not accept, on top of all that, once the Karelians had begun to take an interest in the national struggle for freedom.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

For example, at the turn of March/April, the “Viena Karelian Provisional Commission”, or Viena Karelia Provisional Government, convened the Provincial Days of 117 delegates, or parliament, which decided to separate Viena Karelia from Russia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Russians were punished for this decision by looting and war efforts, and the provisional government fled to Finland in midsummer.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Throughout the spring and summer of 1920, Sivén made proposals to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to liberate East Karelia and support its liberation movement.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was well aware of how negotiations in Tartu were progressing from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs all the time, and he knew that things were not good.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He visited Holst at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to negotiate the exploitation of the war between Soviet Russia and Poland in East Karelia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In summer-autumn, Sivén began drawing up a Bear's Nest plan with Kalle Mata, the leader of the poorly armed forces of the Karelian refugees, with the aim of generating an armed pressure policy in which the Karelians would rise up in the struggle for freedom.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

This would give Finland weight to its claims with respect to East Karelia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At least in any case, Sivén could not bear the idea of leaving Repola and Porajärvi to the mercy of Soviet Russia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In early June 1920, Sivén made a weekend-long mission around the keeper.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He ordered the Lusmans to build roads in their village and supervised the shops between Repola and Suomalainen Puuliike Oy in Kiimasvaara.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In mid-June, 79 Karelians who had fled to Repola with the Red Army, the part of Sivé took land work in Repola and most were sent to Lieksa.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The hard-working Sivén had enough work when he reported intelligence activities to the Foreign Office, arranged communications between Uhtua and Repola, conducted police interrogations over a fire and a dead girl-child fetus.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Of course, Sivén also settled ordinary disputes.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He also had the duties of the Accommodation Agent for the District of Repola.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

During the month, 42 letters of office arrived for Sivén and he sent 49.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Thanks to Sivén's activities, the Repolans were more certain of their desire to belong to Finland than ever.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

During his free time, Sivén spent collecting folklore and poetry.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He became deeply friends with Konoi Kyöttinen, father of one of the Repola people's leader Pekka Kyöttinen.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

With Konoi Kyöttinen, Sivén fished, tarred boats and collected from him proverbs, poems and folk knowledge.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén also agreed to take an active part in the celebratory arrangements of the Repolans.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At the same time, Sivén Karelianized at a very fast pace.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The routine jobs diminished when Sivén received an assistant titular at the end of the summer who was initially his old Norssi school friend, Jaakko Sadeniemi, a law student.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Bob's sister Anna Sivén also visited Repola.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Autumn 1920 — Fate of Sivén and Repola, Sivén wanted to continue his humanities studies at the university in the autumn semester and sought resignation from the position of titular man.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was granted his resignation from 15 September, but Sivén decided to stay when he heard peace talks were moving towards a solution.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

By autumn, Kalle Mata's Karelian forces had already been beaten back to the Finnish side.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In mid-September, it began to become clear that the Finnish government was going to leave the Repolans in the hands of the Russians.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Anxiety and panic arose in Repola, Karelian circles and among tribal activists.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Repolalais and Karelian embassies trotted in Helsinki and listened to government decisions as they were doomed to death by terror.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The treatment was rude many times, especially from the left.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

SDP MP Hannes Ryymä said to the Repolans: “Gylling will handle your affairs better than ever the Finnish burghers.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Considered in the light of history and even at the time, the statement of Ryyä was extremely indifferent and outrageous, especially when it is known what the fate of the Repolans was in Soviet Karelia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The embassies mainly distributed a memorandum written by Sivén entitled “The question of Repola and Porajärvi is a national question”, which was considered to be a question of the honour of Finland, the fate of tribal aspirations and national self-esteem.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Abandoning Karelia would also be the devastation of the Finnish nation, according to Sivén.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén wrote a memorandum to Holst proposing that the negotiating arrangements be improved so that the Finnish regular military forces would occupy the village of Kiimasjärvi, thereby putting pressure on the Bolsheviks southern back.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

This resulted in no action, but Holsti sent a memorandum to the General Staff.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On September 21, a municipal assembly was held in Repola, which unanimously decided that Repola should stand in its old decision to remain in contact with Finland.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was a key lumberman in the Assembly.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Assembly declared that it would rather fight desperately than submit to raw Soviet terror.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Assembly informed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the media that the Repolans were leaning towards national self-determination, believing that Finland would still prevent “the population of Karelia from falling into the swirls of the red lava flow in Russia.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At the turn of September/October, elections were held in Repola to elect a 12-person editorial board of Repola, which declared itself the sole government of Repola and took over the functions of the East Karelia Editorial Board and Municipal Council.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Pekka Kyöttinen became Chairman, Paavo Höttönen as Permanent Secretary and Bobi Sivén as a powerful background influence.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

By this decision of the editorial board, Repola broke away from the Finnish state and declared himself independent of Finland and Russia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Member of the Municipal Board F. was sent to Helsinki as the messenger of the committee.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

V. Netsäinen, who especially had to keep in touch with activists from Suunta magazine, such as Kai Donner and Sivén's good activist friend Toivo Kaukoranta.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén himself was allowed to run on the Repolans' business in Helsinki all autumn 1920.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, the situation was so desperate that Sivén inquired from his friend Mikael Fiilin, vicar of Repola, about his plans to shoot himself in protest at the Peace of Tartu.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Fiilin told Sivén to stop the childish speeches, saying that as things change in Karelia, it is men like Sivén that are needed.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén asked Fiilini again later, but he told his friend to stop such talk, who was planning to deprive the gift of God.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén apparently at the same time also planned to join the Orthodox Church, whose activities he had actively supported in Repola.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Likewise, he had fostered chastity and sobriety throughout the keeper.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After all, Sivén rewarded Sivén for his sympathy to the Orthodox at the worship of the praasniekka feast with a special confessional bread, which was an extremely rare tribute to a Lutheran.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 9 October, the Repola government elected by popular vote, the editorial board of Repola ordered Sivén and Netsäinen “to be their representatives to the Government of Finland, the administrative bodies of Viena and Aunuksen-Karelia, and representatives of foreign powers in Finland with open powers”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 14 October, the day of the conclusion of the Peace of Tartu, Sivén and Mata created a memorandum that can be considered the first draft of the Bear's Nest Plan.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, the plan was idealistic and based on 800 of Mata's men attacking Muurmann for a day, causing an uprising.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Ragnar Nordström, the chief of staff of the Aunus expedition, advised Sivén to a more realistic position, writing to him about the importance of funding.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén began planning the actual bear nest plan with Paavo Höttönen, Permanent Secretary of the Repola Commission and local chief of Repola's patron council.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Without Sivén and Höttöö, Repola would have had no defence plan after its fate in Tartu came to light.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Höttönen took practically the entire responsibility of organizing the defence of Repola.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The main idea was forestry works and log trades, which would gather the soldiers, or forestry workers, and at the same time finance the resistance of the Repolans.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The plan would have created a bear's nest that could have been defended until the spring of 1921 and await other rebellions in Soviet Russia.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Höttöse had relations with the matruuses and was apparently aware of the planning of the Kronstadt revolt.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

A persistent struggle between the Repolans and the Karelians would create a valiant struggle for freedom for the people of Karelia — or at least its attempt, from which the people could later draw strength into the national struggle.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The idea was also that Finland would take interest and help again East Karelia when it would see the Karelians pitting against the new power in the Khanty.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Bear's Nest Log Trades and at the same time the entire Bear Nest Plan were approved by the Commission on 25 November at the Assembly of Deputies, where, by a vote of 48—17, the Repola Editorial Board was granted dictatorial powers to decide Repola's fate.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In the same month, Sivén had tribal friend Jalmari Takkinen appointed as his assistant.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

As early as 12 November, Sivén had been granted the distinction of title man of Repola again, but this was formal.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén continued the duties of the titular man, aided by Takkinen and Constable Eemil Huhtala.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Although officially, Sivén was now an official at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the official representative of the Republic of Finland in Repola and Porajärvi.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs also tried to make Sivén the Finnish consul of Repola and Porajärvi, which would ensure the implementation of a peace treaty in that region.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, Sivén steadfastly refused, declaring: “I do not consider myself to be able to parsimmon the results of the policy to which I have opposed.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

As an honest man, Sivén told the bear-nest plan to Foreign Minister Holst.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Peacefully, Repola and Sivén tried to make an impact by sending to parliament on the day of the Tartu Peace Treaty a telegram apparently written by Sivén hoping that the parliament would not confirm the peace, in which “Karelia is read a torturous death sentence.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

— — We know that we ask the Brethren for much, more than we have earned, but extreme human distress compels us to pray for mercy,” the telegram begged.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After the ratification, the Repola Commission announced that Repola's will to belong to Finland had finally lapsed and expressed its “gratitude to the Finnish Government and the Finnish people for the time it has enjoyed Finnish military protection and enduring its own national life. the foundation was lowered”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, the plan developed well.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

E.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

E. Kaila's Jääkäriti office sent 500 rifles and 100,000 cartridges to Repola.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Military authorities in the Lieksa and Joensuu region were persuaded to turn a blind eye to arms shipments.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 16 December, in a letter written by Bobi Sivén to his brother SpongeBob, Sivén reported that the forest had been sold for two million marks.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

There was enough work and Sivén was still hopeful.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In December 1920, Sivén spent a week with Eemil Huhtala in Porajärvi and formed a 60-man force in the area that would withdraw after receiving the sign to a bear's nest, Repola.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

By the way, Sivén and Huhtala decided to leave Porajärvi out of favour to the Bolsheviks.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, the visit to the passive Porajärvi depressed Sivén and after the trip he said in despair to Huhtala: “It would be best to put the ball in his skull, not to return to Finland.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Do you Huhtala believe it?”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Huhtala replied that Sivén didn't think about it like that, but Sivén merely lamented his fatigue.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On December 31, the Finnish flag was lowered down at Repola Municipal Hall.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén stated to his friend: “Brother, I am sick of suffering this shame.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Karelian thing is worth my life.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

From Repola I leave last and hardly then alive”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, Sivén still decided to try the bear nest plan.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

If the plan didn't pay off, it would be time for your own personal solution.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

January 1921 — Last days of Sivén In late December, the ranks of activists and Karelians began to crack.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Mannerheim was not enthusiastic about the bear nest plan, and the Karelians began to wonder if Edvard Gylling's Karelian Working People's Commune would keep its promise.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Finally, in the early days of January, the plan collapsed


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The contents of the boxes of weapons transported to Lieksa for the bear nest plan ended up in the public domain.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

It has been suspected that thanks to local communists.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On January 6, 1921, Assistant to Minister of Foreign Affairs Holst, First Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Deputy Judge Arne Broms demanded an inquiry from Sivén regarding arms shipments.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén acknowledged that 500 rifles had been transported to Repola, but did not consider the intelligence serious because the State Department knew all about the bear nest plan.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Still, in his letter of reply, Sivé announced his resignation and made his wish for Repola to remain as a civilian employee.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén announced he would rather die than return to Finland.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

By this, Sivén mainly meant falling alongside the Karelians in armed struggle.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Foreign Office and the trust of Sivén's close tribal activist friend Toivo Kaukoranta in the bear's nest plan had gone.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Eventually, Sivén was invited to Helsinki, but he never had time to leave there when the final turnaround occurred.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Members of the Repola commission, the staff of the Repola military command and a group of Repolans had gathered to celebrate the Orthodox Christmas celebration in Karelian fashion at the Repola Church Village National School on 8 January.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

From half to night, when Sivén had already gone to bed, Höttönen showed off his pocket gun, which nevertheless went off causing a bullet to penetrate his stomach.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

From Repola, the doctor had already left, so Höttöö was taken by sleigh to Lieksa, off which Höttönen died of his injuries in the early hours of the morning on 9 January.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On January 12, 1921, with Höttönen's death, the leadership of Repola, the plan of Sivé and the bear nest collapsed in an instant.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Karelian custom involves staying up next to the deceased a certain number of nights.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On the night between the 11th and 12th, it was Sivén's turn.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At 4, Jalmari Takkinen came in for the exchange.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén went to bed and gave him a pile of paper, in which Takkinen had time to see the words “I feel my end is approaching”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Already on the evening of the previous day, Sivén had stated, during a conversation with Netsäinen and Takkinen in the committee's office room, that it was very difficult to commit premeditated suicide.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After the event that followed, Takkinen became even more concerned about his superior being overcome.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At six o'clock in the morning of January 12, a telegram from the Foreign Office came to Repola


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Takkinen began decoding the telegram written in a cipher.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén came out of his insomnia angry to watch Takkinen's work.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Takkinen read the beginning of the message, which read: 'For peculiar reasons, you absolutely must do everything in your power to prevent repolis and drill lake people from being armed. '


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In this case, an agitated Sivén would trot the room back and forth and pull from the holster hanging on the wall his 9-millimetre Luger Parabellum military pistol and reload it.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Takkinen looked on in wonder at which point Sivén lowered the pistol into his holster.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Still around half a day, Takkinen saw Sivén standing on the steps of the committee office house wearing a Swedish blond military fur coat.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén tasked Takinen with arranging passport stamps and other basics for the Repolans and to discuss with Höttösen's relatives who arrived from Joensuu.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On leaving, Sivén clutched Takki firmly by the hand and announced that he was going to write to the municipal house because it was calmer there.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In the afternoon, Sivén visited his friend Vicar Fiilini.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The vicar noticed that Sivén had been nervous, but thought it was due to Höttönen's funeral on 13 January the following day.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At the same time, Sivén visited the municipal scribe Feodor Hippinen, who lived in the same house, and said goodbye to this baby girl, who was also Sivén's goddaughter, twice tenderly and deeply lulled.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At seven o'clock in the evening, Sivén visited the merchant Andrei Mauranen for dinner at his residence.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén, according to his habit, went to the bench and put his portfolio of documents as a pillow.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén had already asked Pelagia Maurase, a merchant lady earlier at the same time, who would wash her body if she happened to die.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Mrs. Mauranen had promised to do it.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After dinner, Sivén sort of said goodbye to F.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

V. Netsäinen's daughter and Pelagia Mauranen's niece, Nasti Netsäinen, by holding her to the tune and asking her to sing the song “Oli mulla treasure beautiful”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The hostesses of Mauranen and Netsäinen advised Sivén to go to bed, but he announced that he was still going to the municipal house.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Although Sivén's deeds and pronouncements on the 11th and 12th hinted at what was to come, no one guessed Sivén's solution.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The municipal house Sivén arrived a little after eight.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He went to the food board room and placed a table, as well as a chair, in front of the oven.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On the chair next to him, Sivén placed a pistol, which he desperately tried to hide whenever Catherine Simanainen, the dowager who had heated the oven, arrived to heighten the fire of the furnace.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At 10:00, Simanainen wished Sivén goodnight.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The scribe Hippinen also visited the room and saw that Sivén was extremely nervous; this beamed spinning in his chair, looked into the fire and always moved his papers aside if Hippine approached this.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After the barnacle left, Hippinen still visited the room.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén asked him about Höttösen's birth year and asked Hippis to go to bed, wishing him good night.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After Hippinen left the room, the gunfire of a 9-millimeter Luger Parabellum was heard at 10:15 p.m.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Co-workers rushed into the room and immediately found Bobi Sivén, who had perished in the shot, with his head hanging over the backrest with one arm swinging relaxed and the other remaining in his lap.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Like Eugen Schauman, Sivén had shot himself in the heart.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

A pistol was lying on the floor.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The bullet had gone instantly killing through the chest and dipping into the log wall.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On the table was a note written by Sivén to Constable Eemil Huhtala, in which Sivén thanked his friend and gifted him his pistol, and seven letters: An open letter to Foreign Minister Holst, Doctor Lady Siiri Sivén, Brändö, Mannerheimink.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

7, Helsinki Captain Paavo Sivén, Suomenlinna, Helsinki Station Manager Aschan, Lieksa Ylioppilas Miss Katharina Sibelius, Tuusula, Järvenpää A. Mauranen Takkinen.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In an open letter to Foreign Minister Holst, Sivén explained that it was a premeditated suicide committed as a reconciliation offering out of pain and shame.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén declared that, as a man of honour, he could not carry out the order of the Foreign Ministry to prevent armed resistance by the Karelians.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The letter explains how Sivén was resigned to his fate and to the fact that Repola's politics and freedom struggle would become nothing when Höttönen had been killed.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Holsti characterised the letter as “the most pathetic letter he had ever read”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In a letter to his mother, Siiri Sivén on 11 January, Sivén did not write about the plans for suicide, but reassured her of his love, wishing the letter at the end: “Now say goodbye Mami dear and good night!”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Of the revelation of weapons shipments and caches, Sivén wrote only: “Let's see what comes out of this case.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In a letter to Paavo Sivén, Bobi Sivén commended the friendship of his beloved brother and asked him to take care of Siiri mother as well as take care of a few financial matters.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The contents of the letters written to Aschan and Maurase are not known.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Similarly, the letter Sivén sent to his beloved Kaisa Sibelius has disappeared.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Similarly, Sibelius has torn up all the pages of his diary from these times.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In a letter addressed to Jalmari Takinen, Sivén thanked for his cooperation, and asked to send a notice to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs regarding his death.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

To Takinen, he still wrote: “Try you, brother, to stay upright.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Death of Sivén — National Mourning Celebration Captain Paavo Sivén arrived in Repola on 17 January.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

As a matter of honour, he tried to carry on his brother's legacy, namely the bear nest plan, which he had initially considered unprofitable, but eventually the plan dried itself up to size.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

As a soldier, Sivé knew that there were weak grounds for the plan, especially since the Repolans were unwilling to believe that conditions would change with Bolshevik rule.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, the plan might have worked because shortly after the moment of planned implementation of the Bear's Nest Plan came, unrest broke out in Soviet Russia, including the Kronstadt Rebellion.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In accordance with his promise, Pelagia Mauranen washed Sivén's body, which was then dressed by nurse Helmi Palo.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The fire enveloped the coffin in white cloth and placed conifers on top of the deceased Sivén.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

When Paavo Sivén arrived in Repola, he still had time on the road to say goodbye to his brother.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On January 15, the municipal doctor of Lieksa issued a death certificate and on 17 January the body was sent to Helsinki with the address “Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On 18 January, at the Helsinki train station, the deceased was met with Chopin's mourning march by the Honorary Company of the Patron Corps with military members, Scouts, activists and relatives.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Already in Vyborg, where the train had stood, tribal friends and patrons had paid tribute to the deceased.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In Helsinki, Karelian patrons made a guard of honour around the carriage carrying Sivén's body.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The body was transported to a pathological facility where a laurel wreath in the style of an ancient hero was placed on Sivén's head.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Toivo Kaukoranta wanted a death mask taken from his friend, made by the Carelian artist Alpo Sailo.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Since then, the death mask ended up on the door of Juselius's mausoleum as a high heel.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Soon the pages of the papers were filled with obituaries dedicated to Sivén, who were particularly understanding, commendable and respectful.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén's matriculation photograph from 1918 made it onto the covers of magazines.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

An open letter written by Sivén to Holst was published in several journals, adding to the seriousness and impact of the case.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In particular, the Activist Direction magazine commended Sivén for his principled and ideological work that ended in a principled solution.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén's settlement was seen as a “liberating cry for revival” for Finnish tribal politics and national unity, as well as an indication that others know how to “fold but not bend”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén became a man who fought to the last for his cause and for a great cause.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sivén was considered to be a “Karelian hero” who died “on behalf of Karelia”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In a few days and weeks, a myth developed about Sivén's martyrdom.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Funeral from Sivén's funeral at Hietaniemi Cemetery on Friday 21 January 1921, the Great Patriotic Finno-Karelian Sorrow Festival was formed.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The cemetery chapel was filled with grieving relatives, fellow workers and fellows, friends and ordinary citizens.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The occasion began with the hymn I go towards death by the Choir of the Student Union Singers.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Pastor Väinö Forsman gave a speech addressing the life devoted to Sivén's ideals and causes and finally blessed him to the final rest.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

After the family's grave wreath beside the coffin, Sivén's fellow and old friend Toivo Kaukoranta laid the flowers of the Karelian Federation.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Kaukoranta gave a speech recalling that her friend had already been politically active and determined in school days.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Kaukoranta explained the importance of Sivén in driving the Karelian cause and also how Sivén's act was to be interpreted and in what light it had to be seen and what it obliged to.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He recalled that there were always young men fighting for causes and ideals to the death who did not care about the shaky politics of state power.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

At the conclusion of the Kaukoranta speech, the male choir performed Emil Genetz's composition Karelia for a poem by his brother Arvid Genetz from the end of the verse “Kun justs', uskoas” onwards.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Foreign Office wreath was laid by Deputy Magistrate Arne Broms and Ensign Tapio Voionmaa.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The repolans' wreath was laid by farmers Peka Kyöttinen and Grigory Grigorjeff.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Kyöttinen remembered his friend and co-worker with warmth.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

He then pulled out the Finnish flag waving on the roof of Repola Municipal Hall, which had been lowered on the last day of 1920.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Kyöttinen complied with Sivén's last wish and gave the flag to the Karelian League for deposit.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

A staunch man of tribal cause, President of the Karelian Federation Professor E.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

N. Uncle took the flag.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Setälä gave a speech in which he saw that Finland's most important task after achieving its own independence was to acquire Karelia's freedom.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

However, this had not been realised by everyone, so the common shame of the nation was that not enough had been done to secure Repola and Porajärvi's affiliation to Finland.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Finally, Uncle quoted the words of the Athenians song from the verse “To the young man to die belongs”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Wreaths were then laid by the East Karelian Committee of the Karelian Citizens' Union, Karelian Osakunta, the Council of State East Karelia Editorial Board, Repola Civilistysseura and classmates from the Finnish Normilyseo in Helsinki.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The chapel shrugged when General Mannerheim arrived on the scene accompanied by Generals Hannes Ignatius and Harald Åkerman.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Mannerheim laid a wreath on the coffin, from the ribbons of which he read in Finnish and Swedish: “To the patriotic youth who fell as the Finnish flag went down in East Karelia.”


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Eventually, the coffin was carried by fellow Repolans, class and scouts to the hearses waiting outside the chapel.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The coffin was followed by flags decorated with mourning ribbons from Karelalainen Osakunta and Scouts.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Outside, the coffin were the White Guard's ringer and Vöyr's company.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The White Guard Band started with the hymn “Lord, bless the people of Finland”.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

As the coffin began to be carried towards the grave site, Chopin's mourning march was played by the ringer.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

While lowering the body to the grave, Vöyr's company fired three civic shots, followed by the Karelians' song and the Soldier Boy.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

On the grave, the flowers were still laid on behalf of the Sons of Action by Medical Captain Sven E. Donner.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

In addition, the Student Union Singers laid their flowers in memory of their former choirmate.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The wreath of activists was laid by E.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

E. Kaila, Rainer Sopanen and Lauri Blomqvist.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Master of Arts Eino Tikkanen spoke on behalf of the delegation of the Activists Direction magazine.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Tikkanen summed up the ideas of his time that the Sivén solution had been done in fact for justice, responsibility, and true pure morality.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

The Finnish state leadership had forgotten fairness and moral responsibility for the tribal brethren in implementing cold realpolitik.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

As evening darkened, the escort force began to leave the grave and disperse each on its own ways.


Question: Where did Bobi Sivén die?

Bobi Sivén

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jussi Niinistö | title = Bobi Sivén — For Karelia| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature| year = 2001| isbn = 951-746-241-7| page= 9-280}} References Category:Finnish police officers Category:Suicide Class:Finnish society activists Category:Whites of the Finnish Civil War Class:People born in 1899 Class:Persons who died in 1921


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Badminton is a racquet game played head-to-head by two players (singles) or two pairs (doubles).


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Doubles, where the pair is formed by a man and a woman, is called a mixed game.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

In badminton, the purpose is to play the ball across the net into the opposing party's boundaries, so that the opponent does not return the ball back.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The field Badminton court is 13.40 metres long as well as 5.18 metres wide in singles and 6.10 metres in doubles.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

There are two pitching screens in each field half, with a forward boundary from the net 1.98 yards away.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

In singles, the rear limit of the feed screens is the same as the back limit of the field, and in doubles, the rear limit of the feed screen is 76 centimetres from the back limit facing the field.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[1] The upper edge of the mesh separating the field halves is 155 centimetres from the sides and 152.4 centimetres from the centre.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The grid poles are at the quadruple side limits.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[1] The surface of the field is often vinyl or parquet, with a flexible plywood or wood floor underneath.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[2] Instruments The racket Badminton bat is usually made of carbon fiber and usually weighs less than 95 grams.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The main parts of the racket are the handle, the mesh, that is, the crossed tendons, the frame, the stem, the throat and the trunk.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The total length of the racket is up to 68 centimeters and the width is 23 centimeters.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The maximum dimensions of the grid are 28×22 centimeters.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[1] Ball Badminton weighs 4.74—5.50 grams.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Its knob is 25—28 millimeters in diameter.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Sixteen feathers of equal length, 64—70 millimetres in length, are attached to the knob, with tips forming a circumference of 58 to 68 millimetres in diameter.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[1] The ball knob is made of cork and coated with thin leather.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Feathers are goose or duck feathers, in competitive use of goose.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Gameplay Two batch wins are required to win a match.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

You get a point for every ball won.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

If the pitcher wins the ball, he continues to pitch, otherwise the pitch shift is changed.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

21 points are required to win a batch.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

However, in a situation 20—20, a two-point difference is required against the opponent, but in a situation 29—29, the winner of the next point takes the set.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[2] A player wins a point by knocking the ball over the net into the opponent's field.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

An opponent also receives a point if the player hits the ball out of bounds or into the net, or if it touches the batsman's body or clothing.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[2] Players pitch and receive passes in their right-field pitching box when the pitcher has no batch at all or has an even number of points The pitch is hit downfield with his feet on the ground.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[3] Players switch sides between rounds.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

In the third period, the half is also changed when the one in charge has 11 points.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[2] Gameplay and strategy The trajectory of Badminton is very strongly influenced by the nature of the game.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Badminton starts off at a very high speed (maximum measured speed 493 km/h) [4].


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

On the other hand, badminton has very high air resistance, making it relatively easy to hit an opponent's back limit so that it is only beatable at the very back of the field.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Singles: Crucial in singles is the ability to move the opponent and yourself to move correctly.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Singles also have very tough and varied physical activity physically.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Moving an opponent is aimed at forcing him into misconduct.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

A typical error is a bad return that is easy to respond to, for example, with a punch punch, or that goes outside the limits of the playing area.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Due to the effort to move the opponent, a lot of punch beats and drop-punches are used in singles.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Doubles: Typical of doubles are fast ball rallies and significantly lower strokes than doubles: in doubles, you can hit a punch from the back leg, as the front player is about to receive short returns.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

When attacking in doubles, the pair of players are on the field in succession and defending side by side.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Hitting Badminton has three basic strokes in addition to the pass, learning which will help you go a long way in the game.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Beats hitting the upper season must always be struck from as high as possible.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The most common mistake of beginners is letting the ball down, which certainly at the start feels more certain in terms of hitting the ball, but which is not worth learning.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Badminton strokes are more akin to a rock throw than darts.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Clear — A basic punch Clear is a punch that usually leaves its own backfield high towards the opponent's backfield.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Clear's purpose is to prepare a situation where he can attack himself with a punch punch.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Such a situation often arises when an opponent is unable to recover the ball from his own backfield difficult enough.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Clear can also be a punch that acts as a defensive punch.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

There are two types of clear punches: offensive, fast, and low punches, and defensive ones, which are higher and thus slower.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The wrist needs to be stiff at all times when hitting.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Smash — A punch punch is a fast punch that is directed downwards.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Because of the speed, restoring it can be very tricky.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

A punch punch is a great way to win a game when the opponent's return has not carried far enough or has entered the front court too high.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

When striking, it is important to remember that it is rarely worth doing it if your own balance wobbles too much from it.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Drop Drop is often struck from the back side of the field, and falls into the opponent's front court.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The point of the drop is to get the opponent moving so the batsman can take advantage of the length of the field.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

In drop-beating, the important thing is that the trajectory of the body resembles as far as possible a clear beat so that the drop should come as a surprise to the opponent.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

There is also a net drop, which is struck in turn from the leading edge of the field to the other leading edge, i.e., a very short beat.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

You don't need much power for this punch.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The pass can be struck either long and high on the back side of the feed box or low and short on the front side of the feed box.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Which pitch you use depends on skill level and tactics.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

In doubles, the short pass is more common, while in doubles, the long pass is more common.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

When a pitcher's bat hits the ball, the entire ball must be below the pitcher's waist.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The waist is considered that imaginary line around the torso that runs to date the lowest part of the pitcher's lowest rib.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Lob — Lift Lob is a pitch to return the ball from the net into the backfield.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Reminiscent of a long feed on the trajectory, but the body position is different.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Lob gives the player time to prepare to take the next beat.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Drive Drive is a wheel drive used especially in doubles.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The ball is struck from the front of the body without body rotation on a sheet and low.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Drive is beat fast and requires quick reactions and hand movement.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Drive is seen in doubles a lot because often neither pair of games is prepared to hand offensive shift to an opponent, e.g., with a lob punch.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

History of the game With a bat and a ball made of melt, games were played as far back as ancient Greece.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Badminton developed into a modern racing game in England in the second half of the 19th century.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Its predecessor was a pastime game called battledore and shuttlecock, which was dabbled in the British Isles and India, where it had been taken by the British.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[5] The first indoor badminton matches were played in June 1873 in Sattara, India, and the first written rules were also drawn up in India, Poonan (now.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Pune) in a garrison town in 1875.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Officers returning from India to Britain brought the rules to the British Isles, where numerous badminton clubs were established at the end of the 19th century.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The English Badminton Federation published uniform rules in 1893, and from 1899 the English Open Championships began to be played, which for decades was the sport's unofficial world championships.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The current shape and size of the field became common at the turn of the 20th century.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[5] Badminton spread from Britain to northern parts of Europe and North America and from India to the rest of Asia after World War I.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The International Badminton Federation IBF (starting in 2006, BWF) was founded in 1934.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The inter-country team competition, the Thomas Cup, was started in 1948—1949 and the women's equivalent competition, the Uber Cup, began in 1956—1957.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

In 1989, in addition to them, the Sudirman Cup was started, with five forms of play.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Personal world championships began to be played in 1977.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[5] Badminton was an Olympic display sport at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich and 1988 in Seoul, and has been part of the Olympic Games as an official sport since the 1992 Games in Barcelona.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Grace countries for the species include China, Indonesia, South Korea, Japan and Malaysia, as well as Denmark from outside Asia.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[5] Badminton will be a new sport to participate in the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[6] In 2006, badminton's point bill was changed to make the duration of matches more predictable.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[5] Badminton in Finland Already 1908—1909 in Vyborgs Nyheter introduced badminton as a sport and reported the results of the Games.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[7] The species began to be pursued more widely in the 1940s.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The Finnish Badminton Federation was founded 1954.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The sport initially remained quite small in Finland, but a sharp rise in hobbyist numbers that began in the late 1980s took badminton even past tennis and squash.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

This rise has probably contributed quite a bit to Pontus Jänti's international success and contribution to the development of Finnish badminton.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Among other things, he has won gold at the European Youth Championships in Helsinki in 1987.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

According to the National Physical Education Survey 2009—2010, the number of badminton enthusiasts in the 2009—10 season in Finland was 173000, which is well above the number of enthusiasts in Finland, e.g. tennis, table tennis and squash added together.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Badminton as a health exercise The popularity of the species has increased the amount of sports medicine research targeting it.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

A growing knowledge of badminton's peculiarities, physiology and biomechanics is developed by a growing knowledge of badminton skills, a hobby base and coaching.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[8] The movement of the badminton player is characterized by a variation from paced strides and changes of direction to smoother sequences.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Played as a point game, one game is a 20—60 minute rubbish.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Physical exertion is directed to both aerobic and anaerobic energy production of the body.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

At the competitive level, about 30% of the playing time is anaerobic exertion.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[9] This variation, or interval, also makes badminton effective in health exercise and fitness that develops endurance, balance and space-time perception.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The starting threshold for pursuing is low, regardless of experience and age.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

At the competitive level, badminton is a physically very demanding and fast sport.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The hobby base and age accordion has been kept wide by the fact that in Europe and the United States, badminton has traditionally also been competed in all adult age categories.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Like many other ball games, badminton is not a contact sport.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

The risk of physical activity injuries is comparatively low in badminton.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Genres include injuries of the lower extremities (muscle refractions, Achilles tendon, ligaments).


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Of muscle injuries, some would be preventable with proper initial warm-up and other physical coaching, according to studies.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[10] The probability of eye injuries is significantly lower in badminton than in floorball, football, tennis and hockey.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

[11] Newer species such as Tai Chi Soft Ball [12] and pickleball developed as combinations of badminton and other sports sports.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Sources SLU Publication Series 7/2010. SLU's release series 6/2010.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

References Literature Bird Valley Tuomo: Badminton, rules, instruments, technique, tactics.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Jan 2002 ISBN 9513123448 Tennilä Tuomo: Half a century of badminton in Finland.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

Helsinki: Finnish Badminton Federation 2005.


Question: Where was badminton developed?

Badminton

On topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Religion in Finland refers to the religions that people living in Finland practice and in which they believe.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

It can also mean the organisation of which religions reside in Finland belong to.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

(For example, a person belonging to a church is officially a Christian regardless of what they believe in or what religion they practice.)


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

According to a survey commissioned by the Church Research Center in 2011, 27% of Finns believed in God, as the Church of Christianity teaches on the matter.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

23% of Finns believed in God somehow other than the church teaches.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

17% were uncertain of their faith and 7% doubted the existence of God.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

21% believed there was no god or gods.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[4] Before the spread of Christianity, native religions called Finnish antiquity were practiced in Finland.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Christianity began to be spread to Finland by those in power in the 12th century [5] and the practice of ancient faith was forbidden.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Initially Christianity spread to most of Finland in Catholic form, but in the 16th century the Reformation, or Lutheran Reformation, was implemented, since which time the vast majority of Finns have been Lutherans.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The Reformation also began to eradicate beliefs of pagan origin more effectively, than Catholicism had done.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In some areas such as part of Ladoga Karelia, Orthodoxy was the predominant religion from the Middle Ages until World War II, when much of Finland's Orthodox population, like other inhabitants of ceded Karelia, was displaced to other parts of the country.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

At the end of 2017, 70.9% of Finns were members of the Evangelical Lutheran Church.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[3] The second largest denomination is the Orthodox Church, comprising 1.1% of its affiliates.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In the Constitution of Finland, the Lutheran Church has a special status [6] and is governed by a special church law [7].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

There is also a special law regarding the Orthodox Church [8].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The possibility of practicing other religions is secured by law [9] [10].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Non-religion and non-affiliation with religious communities have become more common with the passage of the Religious Freedom Act of 1923.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

At the end of 2017, non-denominations numbered 26.3% of the population, or about 1451000 persons.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[3] In addition, approximately 45000 Finns, or less than one percent of the population, belong to association-shaped Pentecostal congregations that are not registered as religious communities.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[11] Muslims in Finland number about 40000 people in total, but they have several independent communities and associations, not all of which are registered.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[12] History Until the 10th century, Finns practised indigenous so-called indigenous religions, characterised by localism and comprehensive accession to the natural practices practiced in the country.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Ancient faith was not unified or immutable in Finland; customs and beliefs varied at different times and in different regions.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[13] The indigenous religions of Finland were typically polytheistic, or polygods.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Known gods included Ukko the high god, Ilmarinen, god of heaven, earth and air, Ahti, the god of water, and Tapio, king of the forest [14].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Also central to the ancient faith was the worship of the deceased and a respectful attitude towards the bear.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Families, buildings, land property and plantations had their own proprietors, whose task was to protect and secure wealth and fertility [15] Various communities had knowers as central figures who were believed to be able to cure the sick with their magic, among other things [16].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The process of converting the population to Christianity began in Finland in the 10th century apparently shortly after Swedish kings had become Christians.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The statutory compulsion to belong to the Lutheran Church went into effect in 1634.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Participation in church spending also became compulsory and non-Lutherans came to be expelled from the country.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[17] The practice of indigenous religion was declared a sinful activity and churchmen and authorities sought to eradicate, for example, forests that were known or suspected to be used as offerings [18].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Nevertheless, the folk faith mixed for a long time Christian and the features of the old religion.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

For example, the duties of Satan in Christianity and the Earths of the Finnish Ancient Faith were intermingled for a long time and in the same spell-like prayers and rituals could protect against both [19].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In Häme, extensively in Eastern and Northern Finland, and especially in Karelia, this kind of thing occurred in the new era.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[20] Foreigners were permitted in the 18th century to practice a religion other than Evangelical Lutheran, but dissenters were forced to live without civil rights until the 20th century.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

It was not until the Religious Freedom Act of 1923 that the compulsory affiliation of belonging to a religious society was eliminated.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[21] The Religious Freedom Act also allowed the free establishment of new religious communities [22].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Current situation Faith and religious customs of Finns found that 27% of Finns believed in the God of Christianity in 2011.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

23% of Finns believed in God somehow other than the church teaches.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

17% were uncertain of their faith and 7% doubted the existence of God.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

21% didn't believe God existed.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[23] Belief in a god diminishes as far as younger generations are concerned.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Of the 15- to 29-year-olds generation, 15 per cent believed in the god of Christianity left 15 per cent and 34 per cent did not believe in a god at all.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[24] In the same study, Finns' belief in the core teachings of Christianity also collapsed compared to four years ago.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[25] According to a Gallup International opinion poll published in 2009, Finns were more religious than their neighbouring peoples, being the 14th least religious in comparison.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In Finland, 29 percent of respondents thought religion was important in their lives.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[26] According to a 2006 study, 30% of Finns consider the theory of evolution to be wrong.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[27] According to a 1994 survey, 41% of Finns prayed at least once a week.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

There were 28% of those who had not prayed at all in recent years [28] As a legacy of the state church system many things are still connected to religion.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The influence of Christianity can be seen, for example, in ecclesiastical holidays and custom culture.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[29] In 2017, in a value survey commissioned by Lännen Media with Economic Research, 6% of Finns chose religious belief among the most important life values.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[30] Christianity At the end of 2016, 72.0% of Finns belonged to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Finland.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[1] The second largest denomination is the Orthodox Church, with 1.1% affiliates.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In the Constitution of Finland, the Lutheran Church has a special status, [31] and is governed by special church law.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[32] There is also a special law on the Orthodox Church [33] The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Finland is the seventh largest Lutheran church in the world.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[35] The proportion of children born in 2015 was 69.8%.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[36] Research suggests that not all church members believe and live according to church doctrines.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Today, the problem for the church is the steadily declining membership numbers, as the number of people who have separated from the church has increased significantly in recent years.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

For example, in 2008 1.1% of its members split from the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Finland.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[37] Resignations occur for reasons such as visional, economic and personal reasons.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The largest differing age group are young adults.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

On the other hand, the work done by the Church in particular to help the underprivileged (among them the deacon) and activities in crisis situations receive wide appreciation.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Other prestigious forms of parish activities include child and family work (family, day and afternoon clubs, and family counseling), early youth and youth work.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

A common Christian rite among youth is to attend confessional school.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In 2017, 78.8% of the age range of 14—15 year olds attended confessional school.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[38] Several revival movements operate within the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Finland.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Of these, as early as the 18th to 19th centuries, prayerfulness, awakenessness, evangelism and lestadioism have emerged.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Of these, lestadiolism has been divided into four main branches: Old Lestadiolism, Firstborn Lestadiolism, Neo-Revival and Peaceworship [39].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In addition to these old revival movements, the Fifth Century was born in the 20th century, which includes the Finnish Bible College, the People's Mission and the People's Bible Society.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In addition, within the church has been influenced by the charismatic movement in Finland during the 1960s and 1970s.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[40] Finnish Orthodox Church The Orthodox Church of Finland, as an autonomous denomination, falls under the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The head of the Finnish Orthodox Church is Archbishop Leo of Karelia and all of Finland.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

About 1.1% of the Finnish population belongs to the Orthodox Church [41].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The Finnish Orthodox Church is the only Orthodox local church that entirely adheres to the Gregorian calendar.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In addition to the Finnish Orthodox Church, Orthodox congregations under the Moscow Patriarchate operate in Finland.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Of these, St. Nicholas Parish had 2578 members in 2013 and Pokrova Parish 374 members.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[42] [43] Pentecostal revival Finnish Pentecostal revival is part of the international Pentecostal movement.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The main part of the movement is organised into independent association-shaped local parishes, whose members belong to the civil register.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Only those who have done personal faith and baptism of believers are eligible for membership of congregations.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In 2003, the Pentecostal Church of Finland was founded, an official religious colony.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Some of the congregations and Pentecostals have joined as members of the church.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In 2003, Pentecostalism was calculated to have around 100000 people, when not only official members, but also those family circles were included.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[44] At the end of 2013, the Pentecostal revival comprised a total of 241 congregations and about 50,000 members. [45].


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

Of these, the Pentecostal Church of Finland comprised 61 congregations in December 2017, and as of 31 July 2017 there were a total of 8915 members.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

[46] Catholic Church in Finland The roots of the Catholic Church in Finland can be found in the Middle Ages, when it was the predominant form of Christianity.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

However, with the Reformation, it disappeared from Finnish territory.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In the fold of the 18th to 19th centuries, however, Catholicism returned to the region when a Declaration of Tolerance was issued in the Swedish Empire to bring skilled foreigners into the country.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

However, the number remained very marginal.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

The first Catholic church was consecrated in Vyborg in 1799 and the second in Helsinki in 1860.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

With the Church Act of 1869, the conversion of Lutherans to Catholicism became possible.


Question: When was the theory of evolution started to be taught in Finland?

Religion in Finland

In 1920, the Apostolic Vicariate of Finland was formed, which was elevated to a diocese in 1955.