Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[18] Cultural Geography The island of Java is home to four Indonesian provinces, Banten, West Java, Central Java and East Java, as well as the Yogyakarta Special Administrative Region and the Jakarta Capital Region.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[20] The largest city in Java and Indonesia is the capital city of Jakarta.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The city is home to 9.5 million people and the Jabodetabek district of the entire metropolitan area is home to 30 million people.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[21] Other cities in Java with more than a million inhabitants outside Jabodetabek include Surabaya with 2.3 million inhabitants and Bandung of 1.7 million.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[22] History Prehistory Ancient human fossils were first discovered on the island of Java in 1891, along the Solo River in East Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Representatives of the human species “Homo erectus”, commonly known as Javanese, have been presumed to have arrived on the island by foot, about 1.7 million years ago.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Probably Sumatra, Borneo and Java were then connected to the mainland, as sea levels in the Pleistocene period were lower than it is today.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Homo sapiens that later arrived on the island were superseded by homo erectus, however, there are also theories that the species coexisted and reproduced with each other.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[23] Javanese kingdoms The present Javanese are descended from people who migrated to the region around the year 4000 BCE.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

around, and they engaged in wet cultivation of rice around the year 2000 BCE.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[24] The inhabitants of Java began to trade with other peoples in the 200th century in the jaa.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

when the voyagers from the direction of present-day India arrived in Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

These contacts contributed to the spread of Hinduism and the emergence of early Javanese kingdoms.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Kingdom of Mataram emerged in Java in the 7th century, and was the first political entity on the island.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[24] [25] In the 8th century, the Sailendra dynasty, who built the Buddhist temple of Borobudur, rose to a leading position on the island.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[25] [26] Hinduism and Buddhism coexisted on the island and the corresponding Hindu temple site Prambanan emerged less than a century after Borobudur.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[26] The Kingdom of Mataram finally fell in the 10th century, probably after the invasion of Java by the Sumatran Srivijaya.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Javanese prince Airlangga founded the new Kingdom Kahuripan on Java, which he divided in two to his two sons, and in the year the kingdom split into the kingdoms of Janggala of the east and Kediri of the west in 1045.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[26] [27] Of the states, Kediri was more dominant and Janggala was overshadowed by it.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The states were united again in 1117.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[28] West Java also flourished the Kingdom of Sunda from the 6th century onwards.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[25] In 1222, the Kingdom of Singhasari emerged from the confessions of the Janggala Kingdom.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

An army led by Ken Angrok, who rose to become king, defeated an army led by the King of Kediri in battle and Singhasari emerged as the leading kingdom in Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[26] [25] Singhasar's reign did not last long, its existence ceased in 1292 when its last king Kertanegara was assassinated as Kedrir rebelled against Singhasar.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Prior to this, Kertanegara had refused to pay a vassal tax to the Mongol kingdom led by Kublai Khan, and the Mongols were already on their way to Java to punish Kertanegara.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[26] [28] Kertarajasa's son-in-law, Kertarajasa, fled Kediri's rebellion to Majapahit, on which he founded the new kingdom in 1293.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

He allied with the Mongols to defeat Kediri and after Kediri was defeated he drove the Mongols out of Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[28] [29] Majapahit emerged as the dominant kingdom of the Malay archipelago, but its reign did not last long either.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

In the 15th century, the country was mired in internal power struggles and the territories it controlled began to gain independence.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[28] [29] In the 15th century, the influence of the Malacca Sultanate born on the Malaka Peninsula, which had been founded by Paramesvara, a Sumatran prince, was also intensified as he fled the conquests of the Majapahitie on the mainland.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[28] [29] The spread of Islam from Malaka to the archipelago spread Islam, and as Malaka gained strength, Majapahit became increasingly weaker as economic competition continued with Malaka.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Many port cities broke away from Majapahit rule and many of them converted to Islam.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Javan sultanates Demak, Bantenin and Gresik allied against Majapahit and once and for all Majapahit were defeated in 1528 when it was conquered by the Demak Sultanate.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[28] [30] [29] [31] [32] Majapahit was the last Hindu-Buddhist kingdom of Java before the arrival of Islam on the island.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

After Majapahit was defeated, its kinghouse fled to Bali.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[29] With the fall of Majapahit, Islam was able to spread to the eastern parts of the island as well.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[32] The Demak Sultanate did not emerge as the dominant state on the island; by the end of the 16th century, the Mataram Sultanate had taken control of the central and eastern parts of Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The western parts were ruled by the Sultanate of Banten.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Mataram and Banten were the only states in Java capable of making resistance against the Dutch who arrived in the 17th century.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[26] The time of Dutch rule in the early 17th century the Dutch arrived in Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Dutch East Indies Trade Company acquired territories in the territory of present-day Indonesia partly through military means and partly by alliance with local rulers.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[32] [33] The Merchant Company took over from the Sultanate of Banten in 1619 the area of the present-day city of Jakarta and established the city of Batavia there.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The location of Batavia was strategically important as, from Batavia, the Dutch were able to control the Sunda Strait between Sumatra and Java, an important sea route between India and China.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[32] [34] The Dutch established a permanent military base in Batavia and fortified the city.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The main export products of the Dutch from Java were initially spices, later also sugar and coffee.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Dutch favoured Chinese migration to the area, as they were trusted more than local residents or Muslims.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Under Dutch rule, a significant Chinese minority emerged in Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Chinese traded on the island, and in heavier jobs, slave labour was used.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[32] [35] The Dutch managed to maintain their power in Java by cooperating with the original rulers of the region, and there was no coalition against Dutch rule that would have been able to destabilise the dominance of the trading company.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[36] The Dutch also succeeded in sowing discord between the sultanates and local rulers in the region.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

They became embroiled in internal disputes within the Mataram Sultanate, which resulted in Mataram splitting into the Sultanates of Yogyakarta and Surakarta in 1755, and parts of Mataram being annexed into territories controlled by the Dutch.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[37] [38] In 1808, the Dutch took over the rest of Banten's territories after becoming embroiled in internal disputes and the land was annexed to the Dutch East Indies.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[26] [38] In the early 19th century, the Dutch came under French occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the British left under Thomas Stamford Raffles to occupy the territories controlled by the Dutch.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[39] [40] After the end of the wars, Java was returned to the Dutch and in 1824 the British and Dutch concluded a territorial division in which the territories of present-day Indonesia remained in the Dutch East Indies and the Malaka Peninsula remained under British rule.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[41] [42] The threat posed by the British to the Dutch East Indies receded with the peace treaty, but the Dutch experienced growing opposition from the Javanese.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Hamengkubuwono I, the first Sultan of Yogyakarta, was an able ruler, and he did not rise during his reign from 1755 to 1792 to oppose Dutch rule.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

His successors were no longer as favourable towards European conquerors.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

In 1825, Prince Diponegoro led the Javan War against Dutch rule.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The rebellion he led was aimed at restoring the rule of Islam to the island and driving the Dutch out of Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The war turned into a guerrilla war, which the Dutch were able to defeat in 1830.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

After the war, the Dutch deprived the kinghouses of Java the territories they controlled and the sultans were left with only a ceremonial role.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[41] [26] [38] [42] [43] The Dutch established a farming system in Java in which local peasants were forced to grow coffee, sugar and grain, among other things, which the Dutch sold forward at a good profit.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[44] [41] For the Javanese, the period of Dutch rule was a huge burden, as local farmers were practically forced labour serfs.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[41] [43] For the Dutch, Java was the most important of its Southeast Asian colonial territories and it generated about one-third of the Dutch government's revenues in the 1850s.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[41] The awakening of nationalism Colonial rule by the Dutch sparked growing discontent among the native inhabitants of the region in the early decades of the 20th century.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Sukarno, who sought to unite the ideas of communism, Islam and nationalism, emerged as a prominent political leader.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Dutch did not accept the rise of nationalism and Sukarno was arrested.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Dutch quashed Islamist and pro-communist riots by shooting protesters and insurgency leaders were driven into exile.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

No unified resistance movement against colonial rule emerged in the Dutch East Indies, as people lived outside Java and Sumatra in complete ignorance of what happened in Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[45] [46] [47] Japan conquered Java after the Battle of Java from the Dutch in 1942.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

In Java, the position of the population did not improve, as Dutch rule was replaced by the Japanese occupation regime.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The local population faced atrocities and enslavement committed by the Japanese.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The island suffered famine and pestilence as food items were confiscated from locals to the Japanese.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[48] [49] [50] The most visible legacy of Japanese rule was that the Japanese appointed local populations to administrative posts and urged Javanese people to rebel against the Dutch.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Japan surrendered in the war in 1945 and immediately afterwards Sukarno declared the independent Republic of Indonesia established.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[47] [51] [48] The Dutch did not accept the country's independence, and Indonesia did not achieve its independence until after the war.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The war was guerrilla warfare in nature, with opponents of colonial rule carrying out strikes from the peripheral areas of Sumatra and Java to areas controlled by the Dutch.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[52] [49] [53] Independence was only achieved when the United States pressured Holland to recognise the country's independence, as the United States feared that communism might increase its popularity in Indonesia under Dutch rule.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Under pressure from the UN and the United States, Holland agreed to recognize Indonesia as independent in 1949.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[53] As the centre of Indonesia with the independence of Indonesia, Java became the most central island in the country.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The administration of the country was centralised in Jakarta, when in eastern Indonesia it was considered that Dutch imperialism was replaced by Javanese imperialism.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Rebellions against Java rule arose in the country and many outer islands planned secession from Indonesia.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The Sukarno regime operating in Java put down the rebellions with the help of the army by 1962.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[54] [55] Java has survived during Indonesian independence as the political and demographic centre of the country.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Most of Indonesia's industry is concentrated in Java and it has also received the most foreign investment.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[26] Population The population of the island of Java is about 145 million, making it the most populous island in the world.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Java is experiencing rapid population growth, in 1971 the island had a population of another 76 million.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[4] [56] [57] Overpopulation is a major problem in Java, and Java has been pursuing a transmigrasi repopulation programme since 1969, in which populations have been moved from overpopulated Java to more remote parts of Indonesia to Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Irian Jaya, Timor and Sumatra to the southern parts.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

The resettlement program has caused social problems with insufficient jobs for those who emigrated from Java, and the native inhabitants of the territories have not accepted settlers in their territory.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[58] [59] [60] [61] The island of Java is ethnically variegated.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Javanese people make up the largest population segment on the island.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

In West Java, the largest proportion of the population is the Sundans and Banten in Banten.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

A large segment of the population is also composed of the Betawians native to Jakarta, as well as the Madurans of East Java.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

A significant number of Chinese also live on the island.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[62] Different peoples of the island speak their own languages as their mother tongues and the most spoken language on the island is Javanese.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

Many know Indonesian as their second language.


Question: Where is Java located?

Java

[63] Sources on the topic Elsewhere Coordinates: * Category:Key articles on screening


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

The President of Venezuela () is the head of state and government of Venezuela and the commander-in-chief of four departments of the National Armed Forces.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

The Vice President and Ministers are appointed by the President.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

One term in office lasts six years.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

Previously, the same person could be elected president for up to two consecutive terms, but this section was repealed in a referendum in 2009.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

Based on a 1999 law, the opposition has the right to hold a referendum in the last three years of the term on presidential nudging, provided they have the support of 20% of those eligible to vote.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

In light of the South American wars of independence and public disarray during Greater Colombia, the list below shows gaps for the years 1814—1819.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

The Angostura Conference appointed Simón Bolívar as “Commander-in-Chief of the Republic of Venezuela” (Jefe Supremo de la República de Venezuela) from 1819 to 1830.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

Notes on List The first column indicates the atomic number of the presidential term.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

Since its founding in 1812, the Republic of Venezuela has had 70 presidential terms, starting with Cristóbal Mendoza.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

The second column indicates the ordinal number of one uninterrupted period of administration of one person.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

For example, Juan Cristósomo Falcón ruled for two terms, so for him the 20th and 21st presidential terms are marked in the first column, the second column has been the 19th uninterrupted period of one monarch.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

The third column lists the ordinal number of the individual president.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

Several of the men listed below have been interim presidents, especially in the aftermath of a civil war or coup.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

Mm.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

due to the very short duration of some of these provisional reigns, other lists of Venezuelan presidents may omit some of the rulers mentioned herein.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

The background color of the columns indicates the party background of presidents.


Question: Who was Venezuela's first president?

President of Venezuela

List of Venezuelan presidents Sources Category:Venezuelan presidents Category:Venezuelan politics


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

A helicopter is an aircraft in which lifting force is produced by a horizontally rotating rotor.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The helicopter is capable of taking off and landing vertically.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The movement of the helicopter is controlled by changing the shoulder angles of the main blades.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The helicopter can also rotate stationary using a tail rotor.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The helicopter is especially suitable for transport in difficult terrain.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Helicopters are used a lot in military missions as well.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Helicopter history miniature|Hanna Reitsch flies a Focke-Wulf FW 61 V2 The principle of the helicopter was put forward in the 15th century by Italian painter and inventor Leonardo da Vinci.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

However, with the technology at the time, the helicopter could not be implemented.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

At the end of the 19th century several construction attempts were made, but the end result was very clumsy and barely hovering over the surface of the earth.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The first usable helicopter capable of flying was built in 1936 by German Henrich Focke (1890—1979).


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Built by Henrich Focke, the Focke-Wulf Fw 61 reached an altitude of more than 3,200 m in 1937, over 120km per hour and flew over a distance of 230km.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The development of this helicopter, too, was greatly influenced by the autogiro.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

To the current degree, the helicopter was developed by Ukrainian-American Igor Sikorsky (1889—1972).


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In Russia, Sikorsky experimented with a helicopter as early as 1910, although at that time worked mainly as an aircraft designer, building e.g.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

the world's first four-engined aircraft in 1913.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Sikorsky relocated after the Russian Revolution to the United States.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

There he designed flying boats, but also continued to develop helicopters.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Built by Sikorsky in 1939, the VS-300 was the first helicopter implemented with a single-main rotor and single-tail rotor design.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

It flew tethered on 14 September 1939 and first freely on 13 May 1940.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[1] World War II brought some helicopters into operational use.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Germany used Flettner Fl 282 helicopters for reconnaissance missions.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

After the war, the helicopter developed into a rescue device during floods in Holland, for example.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In the early 1950s, in the Korean War, the U.S. Ground Forces used a helicopter to evacuate its wounded and supply transports.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The genesis of the United States Air Force had taken US Army's aircraft fleet and the helicopter was contributing to this gap.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Beginning in the mid-1960s, in the Vietnam War, the United States Land Forces made extensive use of the helicopter in combat use, with the result that the combat helicopter got its start.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

However, combat helicopters lose out to fighter aircraft in terms of their operational range and weapon load.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In the United States, more than 6000 pieces of Bell 47 helicopters were built and over 13000 of the Bell 204/205 model were built.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

More than 8000 pieces of the Bell 206 model were built.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Following Sikorsky's 1953 S-56 design, a jump was made forward in helicopter design: in 1957, a Mil Mi-6 designed by Mikhail Mili, with two 5500 horsepower turboshaft engines and a 12-ton carrying capacity, flew in the Soviet Union.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Frank Piasecki began development of helicopters in 1941.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In 1956 his company was renamed Vertol, which developed the models CH-46 (in 1958) and CH-47 Chinook (in 1961).


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In 1977, Mil began testing the Mil Mi-26.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

It was already capable of carrying 22 tons of cargo.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[2] Since the emergence of applications in asymmetric warfare, the helicopter has been specially developed by business aviation.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

For example, the journey from the airport to the city centre has been a good time-saving destination.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Gas turbine powered helicopters have achieved high airspeed and opened up the use of helicopter air traffic for routes of a few hundred kilometers as well.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

High speed, on the other hand, leads to a decrease in travel comfort (vibration), because of which there have been efforts to expand the market from business to tourists.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The structure to the chopper's fuselage is attached to the tail boom.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Inside the fuselage are helicopter engines that spin the rotors.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The rotation of the carrier motor causes a torque that tends to rotate the helicopter fuselage in a direction opposite the direction of rotation of the rotor.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

If the powertrain is in the helicopter fuselage, the effort to twist the fuselage is prevented in a single-rotor helicopter by a tail rotor normally at the end of the tail boom rotating in a vertical plane.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The tail rotor is also used to control the helicopter at low flight speeds.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

When flying at higher airspeeds, tail stabilizers compensated for main rotor torsion.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Due to problems with the tail rotor, single-rotor helicopters with no rotating tail rotor have also been developed.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In these so-called. In Notar helicopters (Lr.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

engl.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

stands for NO TaIL Rotor) the tail rotor replaces the normal aircraft rudder system and an air jet that compensates for torque.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The effect of torque can also be reversed by using two launchers rotating in different directions.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Especially in small helicopters, the axles of the launchers rotating in different directions can be nested and the rotors are thus overlapped.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In large twin-rotor helicopters, one rotor is usually at the front end of the fuselage and the other at the rear end.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Helicopters have also been built in which the rotor is rotated by conducting gases through the rotor blades to the tips of the blades, from where they are discharged into the air.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In this case, no torque is applied to the chassis and the tail rotor becomes redundant.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[3] Autorotation Thumble|The helicopter is quick to use in rescue missions when the terrain is difficult to navigate in case of engine failure, the helicopter is able to land safely.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The rotor simply disconnects from the engine by means of a free clutch, allowing the rotor to continue its rotation.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The angle of incidence of the blades is adjusted to fit so that the rotor rpm is maintained constant or possibly slightly higher than otherwise permissible (to collect the rotational energy reserve).


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The rotational energy of the rotor and the tail rotor connected to it is obtained from the horizontally propagating motion component of the helicopter with the air resistance of the declining blades less than the advancing blades.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The principle is called autorotation, that is, free spin.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[4] In case of damage to the tail rotor, the helicopter loses maneuverability at low flight speeds because it begins to rotate in the opposite direction to the main rotor.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Advantages and disadvantages The main advantage of the helicopter over the aircraft is the small takeoff and landing space it requires, agility, as well as the ability of the plane to stay stationary in the air.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[5] The disadvantage is the complex structure, high cost, slowness and noise generated by the engine.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In addition, the helicopter is relatively uneconomical, its fuel consumption per load carried is high compared to fixed-wing aircraft.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Efforts have been made to combine the best features of the helicopter and the aircraft by developing swivel-rotor helicopter aircraft similar to a standard small aircraft, with reversible engines with large rotors at the tip of the front wings.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The engines are turned upright for the duration of the plane's rise and fall, giving the rotors a lift force (VTOL).


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Helicopter in Finland The first helicopter flight in Finland took place at an airshow held at Turku Airport in 1949, where a helicopter registered in Sweden was flown [6].


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Finland's first helicopter was the Bell 47 (OH-HIA), a joint Imatran Voima and Air Force registered in 1953, which was in service until the 1970s and is on display at the Finnish Aviation Museum in Vantaa.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[7] Two licence versions of the Soviet Mil Mi-1 copter, the SM-1 S-600, manufactured in Poland, were acquired for the Border Guard in 1960.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[8] In 1960, the number of choppers rose to five and in 1967 there were already nine.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In 1975 there were 21 helicopters in Finland and 32 in 1982.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

In 1988, the number had ballooned to 44, in 1989 to 52 and 83 in 1993.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

By the early 2000s, in 2003, there were 74 copies of helicopters on the register.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Robinson R22 and Robinson R44 training helicopters have been a major contributor to the increase in the number of helicopters in Finland since the 1990s.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

[9] The maximum pressure altitude achieved by helicopter in Finland is 20000ft (6100m).


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

The record was flown on Finnish Defence Forces NH90 fleet (ID NH-208) on 4 September 2014 in Uti with crew: Aki Heinonen, Perttu Helenius, Ville Siiropää and Mika Korjala.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

At the prevailing temperature (-17°C), the density elevation was 20900ft.


Question: How is the movement of a helicopter controlled?

Helicopter

Sources * Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog, or domesticated dog (Canis lupus familiaris, [1] formerly Canis familiaris [2]) is a domesticated, processed form of the wolf.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

It belongs to the class of mammals and the tribe of canine animals.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog is the oldest of the animals domesticated by humans.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In the early days of domestication, the dog has been useful as a cautionary watch as well as a waste eater.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In the north, the dog was an effective drag aid, and when livestock breeding began it was used as a herder.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Also in hunting, the dog will be an invaluable help.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Even today, dogs are used for the same tasks.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

However, the dog's duties have expanded, including drug, guide, hypo, guard and rescue dogs; many tasks utilize the dog's precise sense of smell.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs bred with humans in particular are easily taught to do things at the behest of a human, and are easily motivated by tidbits, toys, or social contact.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Many people keep dogs as pets, and the dog is the second most common domestic animal in Europe after a domesticated cat.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In Finland, relations are the opposite and there are more dogs, 600,000 of which purebred are 450000.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[3] The total number of dogs worldwide is about 400 million.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[4] Hundreds of breeds have been breeded from the dog, which differ significantly in size, appearance and behaviour.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A dog is a socially intelligent animal, and a dog that has grown up with a puppy learns quite quickly to interpret human gestures.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

People can learn to interpret dog communication.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs communicate with each other mainly through gestures, facial expressions and sounds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs are characterized by turf behavior.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Origin The dog has long been considered a subspecies of the wolf, as the two are capable of having reproductive offspring.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Wolf bones have been found near the bones of human ancestors since 300,000 to 400000 years ago, meaning humans and wolves have already been hunting on the same game lands at that time.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

However, the domesticated dog differs more from other canine species than any other canine species, so it is justified to consider the dog entirely its own species.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[5] Genetic differences between species within the canine genus are smaller than differences between different human individuals.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[6] [7] The dog and its wild relatives are still able to breed with each other.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The environment has never driven canine animals to the right speciation.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Their strains are not completely isolated from each other, and slow gene exchange between strains occurs all the time.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[5] Dog domestication apparently occurred around the same time that humans began farming the land and settlements became permanent.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Human waste and droppings attracted various animals to the site: cockroaches, rats and wolves.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The bravest and least human-timid wolves got the best bits of food from the intruders, causing the population to become little tame.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

At the same time, the wolf's structure changed: it no longer needed a large size and big brain to hunt big game, or large teeth to dismember prey.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Around 14000 BCE.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

signs of changes began to appear in the structure of canine animals that lived near humans.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[8] [9] Clear signs of domestication date back more than 10000 years, and close interaction between dog and human has already existed 40000 years ago.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[10] Mitochondrial DNA comparison has revealed that dogs and wolves first separated from each other more than 100000 years ago.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The studies also revealed that separate dog lines have been separated from natural canine animals on four separate occasions, which may explain the widely varied appearance and behaviour of modern dog breeds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

If domesticated dogs had separated themselves from other canine animals in one go, the dog's intra-species genetic variations would be much smaller than today.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[11] [12] [13] Selective breeding of dogs may have been initiated in Siberia in the New Siberian archipelago around 9000 years ago.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Fossil bones have been found there on Žhov Island, on the basis of which some kind of breeding has been started as drag dogs have been interpreted.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[14] At one time, many authoritative scholars have considered the dog to be descended from other species of the genus “Canis”, for example Austrian ethologist Konrad Lorenz has deduced, both by appearance features and character, a large proportion of dog breeds to be a golden jackal (C. aureus) types and descended from it.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[15] The dog is the most modified of domestic animals and there are a considerable number of different breeds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The history of many breeds is known precisely and it is known how they were breeded for a specific special purpose.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

European breeds are considered to be rich in the influence of the Indian wolf.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Greyhound and upright ear types are old dog breeds of Indian origin.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Mastiffi-type dogs are considered to be descended from large and short-snout Tibetan wolves.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Many small dogs, such as spaniel, terrier and pointer types, are of European origin.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

They may originate from wolf strains domesticated in the Middle East.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Small and old dog breeds also exist in America and China.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

All dogs differ most clearly from wolves due to their weak tooth and jaw structure.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[16] Domestication of dogs has also been studied empirically.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Biologist Dmitry Belyayev has managed to breed fur orchard foxes human-friendly already in the sixth generation.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

At the same time, as a side effect, the foxes' appearance became more doggy (including spotted fur, pigtail and luppy ears) and they grew up more slowly.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[17] [18] Biology Life cycle and lifespan A newborn puppy spends its first three weeks of life eating and sleeping.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The first important period of development for a dog is the socialization period at the age of 1—3 months.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A dog has a childhood age of 3—6 months, and its puberty begins at the age of 7—10 months.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

It is followed by a second puberty period, and the dog is considered to adult at around 2—3 years of age.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[19] Small breeds of dogs live older than large-sized breeds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

One of the largest breeds, the Great Dane, only rarely lives past the age of ten, but the dachshund often lives past the age of 15.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The reason for the difference is that large dogs age faster than small ones, and are more prone to health problems.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[20] Structure The size and structure of dogs vary more than in any other mammal.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

However, the dog still resembles a wolf and, like it, is well adapted in structure to hunt, capture and eat prey animals.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The male has 12 small incisors, 4 large canines, 16 intermediate teeth and 10 molars.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Most dog breeds have a double coat of hair, but warm-climate-adapted breeds such as the basenji have lost their insulating soft underhair.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A dog's brain and hormone-producing glands are smaller than that of a wolf.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[21] Size Different breeds of dogs are very different sizes.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

One of the smallest breeds is the Chihuahua, which is only 15—23 centimeters in height at the withers and 0.5—3 kilograms in weight.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Of the largest breeds, for example, the Bernhard dog weighs 50-91 kilograms, and the Great Dane has a height of 72 to 80 centimeters at the withers.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[22] At the withers, the largest dog in the world was a Great Dane named Zeus, who died in 2014.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

It had a height at the withers of 112 centimeters and it weighed 70 pounds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[23] Senses The dog has inherited his exact senses from the wolf, but breeding has further sharpened the dog's senses.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A dog's main sense is its sense of smell, which is about a million times more accurate than the human sense of smell.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Also, dog hearing is more advanced than human hearing.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A dog is only able to locate a sound source in a sixth of a second and can hear much higher and lower frequencies than a human.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog's sense of taste is relatively poor.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog's sense of touch is precise, and it has tactile hairs on the muzzle, chin, and above the eyes.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[24] A dog distinguishes movement with his eyes more sensitively than a human.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The reflective membrane behind its eye's retina improves the dog's vision in low light.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

However, the near-vision of the dog is relatively poor, as it is difficult for the eye to focus on the focal length of the lens.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The extent of the dog's field of vision varies between breeds, as in some breeds the eyes are located more on the sides of the head than others.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

For example, an English greyhound's field of view is as much as 270 degrees, but its depth vision range is narrower than that of a Boston terrier, which has a field of view of 200 degrees and eyes located more at the front of the head.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[24] Dogs have only two different types of kill cells, which is why they are naturally red green blind.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

They have significantly more rod cells than humans, so their night vision is better than that of humans.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[25] Reproduction Domestic dogs have a breeding period 1—3 times per year.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog becomes sexually mature at about 6—12 months of age.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[26] Generally females reach reproductive age earlier than males and small breeds earlier than large breeds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[27] At mating, the female must be at least 18 months and the male 6months for the puppies to be accepted for registration.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The carrying time of the dog lasts approximately 58—71 days.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[28] Puppies are born blind and deaf.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Immediately after giving birth, the mother eats its placenta; after this, the mother's milk production can begin and it can feed the puppies.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The eyes of the puppies open at about two weeks of age.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Puppies can begin to be weaned from the base at about five weeks of age, after which they gradually switch to solid nutrition.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The mother herself will often wean her puppy until considerably later, at 7 to 9 weeks of age.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The role of the dog mother in the life of puppies is important not as a dairy farmer.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Relationships between mother and puppies and puppies are diverse and play plays a great educational role in the puppy's life.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[5] The donation age for a puppy is 7—12 weeks; then it is mature enough to move into a new home and get along without its mother.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

However, puppies aged between 7 and 8 weeks have a fear period during which even one bad experience can negatively affect the development of the puppy, so a much later date is recommended today, around 9-12 weeks of age, for donation.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[5] Nutrition Canine dentition and digestive system have adapted to meat.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog's stomach is spacious, and it can scatter a lot of food at a time, but food digests slowly.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog's body mainly digests proteins and fats, from which it receives all the vitamins and minerals it needs.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Carbohydrates are not useful in nutritional value to the dog, but the fibers contribute to its digestion and solidify the stool.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Water for the dog must be available continuously.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[29] Dogs are fed fresh food such as meat, vegetables and rice, or industrial dog food, which can be divided into moist canned food, semi-dry preparations and dry food.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs are individual in metabolism, so the same diet is not suitable for every dog.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[30] A dog's energy needs vary depending on the size, age and activity of the dog.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The energy requirements of a small and low-mobile dog can be less than 200 kilocalories per day, while the energy requirements of a 50-pound and active dog can exceed 3000 kilocalories.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Obesity afflicts many modern-day companion dogs especially in old age.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[31] Substances toxic to dogs Many foods harmless to humans can be fatally toxic to the dog.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Foods and food items unsuitable for a dog include chocolate because of the theobromine it contains, xylitol (in chewing gum and sweets), Australian nut, avocado, raisins and grapes, onion and garlic, bun dough, alcohol, some mushrooms, dairy products and coffee.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Also, some houseplants and medicines for humans can be poisonous to the dog, and cooked bones, as well as chicken or pig bones, can damage its stomach.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[32] Health Dog diseases and ailments include atopy, epilepsy, ulbow joint growth disorder, hip joint growth disorder, patellaluxation, digestive disorders, heart disease and outdoor parasites.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[33] Breeding of dogs has caused hereditary or structural defects in some breeds that impair their health.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

For example, certain breeds of dogs have difficulty reproducing and giving birth normally, and others have breathing problems and chronic pain.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[34] Dogs are protected by vaccination against the most significant and dangerous infectious diseases.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In Finland, puppies are first vaccinated with the triple vaccine against the plague virus, infectious hepatitis and parvovirus, followed by rabies.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[35] Dogs are neutered and sterilized to prevent regeneration and to treat and prevent disease.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In the United States, cutting is more common than in Europe and is already done there as a puppy.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[36] The basic care of the dog includes regular care of fur, eyes, ears, nails and teeth.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[37] Behavior Behavior The three main categories of canine behavior are innate behaviors, learned behavior, and trained behavior.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog's behaviour still resembles that of a wild wolf in many respects.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[38] However, a dog has more emotional intelligence than a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and as much as an infant.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[39] [40] The congenital behaviour of the dog is determined by the lineage, which also, for the most part, determines the dog's entire behaviour.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Some of the congenital behavioural features are already visible as a puppy, such as the habit of urinating and defecating when the mother licks the puppy, or the use of the front paws when sucking the neck.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In later stages of life, for example, the habit of spinning in circles before going to bed and scratching the ground after defecation will be highlighted.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog is largely driven by instincts that determine the animal's behaviour in a situation it has never been in before.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog's instinct functions are ennobled with experience and exercise.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Puppies hone their reactions, skills and body control through play.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[41] The dog develops its learned behaviour between 3 and 12 weeks of age in its so-called socialization period.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

That's when it learns to react to things like its siblings, other dogs, people, smells, sounds and visions.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[42] In training, congenital and learned behavior of the dog is either amplified or suppressed.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

It is useless for a dog to try to teach a behavior where there is no congenital or learned at all, or to which the dog has no hereditary predisposition.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The skills gained in training are not inherited from parents to puppies, but trainability is heritable and usually shows up in puppies as well.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[43] Dog specimens are not identical in behaviour even in the same litter.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Behavioral differences are influenced by individuals' gene differences, differences in socialization, and differences in training methods.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[44] You spent the dog behind all acts is one or more spent, which can be divided into seduced entities.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[45] Food intake is activated when the dog becomes hungry.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Components of this unit include hunting instinct, catch instinct, trace instinct, exploration instinct and pick-up.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Behaviors initiated by foraging activity in the dog include retrieving trace tracking and flatulence, running, localizing and finding out the smell of prey, pointing before prey jumping, killing, dragging away, and swift prey eating.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[46] The reproductive seductive system comprises the sex drive and the nurturing of offspring.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

When a male dog smells a female in heat, its sex drive kicks in.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog follows the smell and copulates if the female is ready for it.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Mating involves foreplay characteristic of a dog, in which dogs sniff at each other and run around.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The nurturing instinct is only with the dog, not the male like the wolf has.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[47] The escape complex involves the dog's way, depending on the situation, to either let the comer close and even contact, or to escape or attack.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Forms of escape behaviour include running away, avoiding, hiding or pretending to be dead.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Close to it is a catching instinct, which causes the dog to attack a person running away from itself more easily than a stationary one.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Escape is also a way for the dog to try to get free, for example by biting a leash or tearing wound bandages.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[48] Aggression activity includes the formation and observance of the order of precedence within the herd in the dog and between foreign dogs.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A dog usually automatically admits a human as a superior, but maintaining status requires the human to have the ability to retain authority over the dog as it grows.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The ensemble also includes turf use, where a dog aggressively defends its own turf from invaders.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog also defends other members of its flock from enemies.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[49] Exercise and activity activity causes the dog to feel an intense need to extract energy for movement or some kind of work.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Through the play message, young dogs learn all the important behaviors.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog retains its playfulness until relatively old.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

For example, a guard instinct causes a dog to tell his herd mates about strangers approaching the habitat by barking.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[50] Surrogate functions When a dog is affected by two conflicting instincts in the same situation, the dog may develop a surrogate function.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

These include wandering or howling around the house alone when left alone, or smearing the interior due to frustration.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[51] Communication The dog communicates with a variety of facial expressions, gestures and different signals.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A tame dog communicates pretty much the same way as a wolf.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[53] A dog's emotional state is described by positions such as its tail, ears and lips, body position, vocalization and eye contact.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[54] A horizontal tail means that the dog is satisfied.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A straight up tail shows increased attentiveness or arousal.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A tail pulled between the hind legs indicates reservation or fear.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[55] Erect ears show confidence, attentiveness and interest.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Ears pulled to the side or back indicate hesitation and uncertainty.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[56] The dog shows off its canines while being aggressive.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The corners of the mouth in the normal position indicate feeling confident, and the corners of the mouth in the front position indicate depression or distrust.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The corners of the mouth pulled behind signify fear, a sense of defeat or defenselessness.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[57] The dog barks for various reasons, sometimes aggressively, sometimes as an invitation or expression of cheerfulness.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A steady growl is often an expression of dissatisfaction or aggression, a growl of varying heights an expression of pleasure.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[58] The dog makes eye contact, for example, when asking his handler for directions or when thirsty or tired.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[59] The dog also communicates by urination.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

From the urine marks left by the dog, other dogs find out if it is familiar or foreign, sick or healthy, satiated or hungry, or possibly a bitch in heat.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Urination is also a strong sexual stimulus for both female and male dogs.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[60] The dog may show submission or dominance by his behavior.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Submissive behavior can be active or passive.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Active submission the dog shows with a low gait, pulling the ears behind and even a supine throw.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Gestures included in passive submission, such as lying down and crawling, tell of defenselessness and helplessness.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[61] The dog uses soothing signals to prevent confrontations.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

These include licking the face (or human hands), poking with the muzzle, taking the muzzle between the jaws, turning the head away, or raising the front paw.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[62] When a dog is afraid, wants to protect itself or defend itself, it can, for example, escape or protect itself by means of a repellent look, crouching or pressing into a corner.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog's defensive behaviour includes, for example, threatening with showing teeth, shivering, biting, lying attack, attacking, thumping with front paws, barking, spinning or solidification.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[63] Breeds The dog has been used for various tasks.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Gradually, breeding has resulted in differentiation of breeds of dogs that are psychically and physically fit for different tasks.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

There are several hundred breeds of dogs in the world that have a breed definition adopted by one of the country's central organizations.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The current FCI (Fédération Cynologique Internationale) breed grouping roughly divides dog breeds by purpose into 10 groups: [64] Sheep and Cattle Dogs (FCI 1) Pinschers, Schnauzers, Moloss-type and Swiss Shepherd Dogs (FCI 2) Terriers (FCI 3) Dachshunds (FCI 4) Spitz and primitive dogs (FCI 5) Driving and tracing dogs (FCI 6) Chicken dogs (FCI 7) Water dogs, retrievers and upward dogs (FCI 8) Society dogs and dwarf dogs (FCI 9) Greyhounds (FCI 10) Certain traits have been achieved through breeding dogs of very different views and sizes.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs have different ears, tails and muzzles.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A dog can be lup-eared like hounds, upright eared like a German Shepherd, fold-eared like a bum or rose-eared like many greyhounds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

There are also a myriad of different color and fur variants.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Mixed-breed dogs are crossbreeds of two or more breeds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

You can't predict the appearance, character or behaviour of a mixed-breed puppy with the same certainty as a purebred puppy.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The most popular dog breeds in Finland are the Finnish hound, German Shepherd, Labrador, Golden Retriever, Grey Elk and Finnish Lapphound.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[65] Use As a Operating Dog A use dog is a dog or dog breed used by a human being for some work or useful task and not just as a companion dog.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs are suitable for a wide range of utility tasks, as several breeds of dogs are obedient, loyal to their master, and easy to train.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs excel at utility tasks due to their precise sense of smell and hearing, running speed and chewing power, for example.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[66] Common use dogs include watchdog, protection dog, shepherd dog, hunting dog, rescue dog, sled dog, police dog, customs dog, border dog, war dog, drug dog, bomb dog, guide dog, helper dog, hearing dog and buddy dog.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[66] As a pet and a hobby, the most important function of a dog today is to act as a companion to a human.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dogs are called man's best friend.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog has been found to play a great role in reducing stress and blood pressure, for example.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

There are differences in activity levels between dog breeds.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

As a rule of thumb, the more stigmatized the breed is breeded to work together with a human (for example, shepherd dogs and retrievers) the more it also needs work and attention from its owner.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog can be activated even in domestic conditions, but stimulation for both the dog and the host is provided by different species to engage with the dog.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The best known of these are: Obedience Training or Toko Dog Training Agility Service Dog Racing Greyhound Racing Water Rescue Dog Show Guy Dog Dance Rescue Dog Action Hunting Cave Hunting Blood Training As Food In Western countries, dog meat is a food taboo meaning it is unacceptable to eat, but in some Asian countries dog is a popular food.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In China, especially in certain provinces, dog is commonly eaten.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[67] Also in Vietnam, dog meat is a popular food that is believed to bring good luck.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dog meat is estimated to be the fourth most popular meat species in the South Korean market, after pig, beef and chicken.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[68] Dog meat has a strong taste and smell.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

It is strongly seasoned and often served with alcohol.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Especially popular in Korea is dog meat soup.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The best thing for a dog is up to a year old.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Edible dogs are bred in orchards or collected from the countryside.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[69] [70] [71] Keeping a dog The dog buyer often has to make changes to their home when acquiring a dog, as the dog may try to run away, chew furniture or eat toxic substances.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[72] Dog skin and fur are washed and brushed regularly, and the dog's health is monitored daily.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The dog is vaccinated against infectious diseases and can be cut to prevent unplanned litters.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[73] By training the dog is made to be intidy and obedient and to behave as desired.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[74] The dog's basic necessities include a food cup, drinking cup, name tag, collar and leash, and bed.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Toys activate the dog mentally and physically.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

A microchip can be fitted to the dog as a means of identification.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Other common dog accessories include a transport cage for travel, a dog backpack for carrying items, a dog coat for cold weather, flotation vests, and paw guards.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[75] Environmental impact Swedish Radio's current affairs programme Verkligheten studied that a pet dog causes even more CO2 emissions than a passenger car.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

The reason lies in dog food, which to a large extent consists of meat.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Dry food can have a meat content of 40 per cent, for example.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

According to a report on the radio programme, for every kilogram of meat, at least ten kilograms of carbon dioxide are released


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[76] Dangerousness A dog bite can cause tissue damage or bacterial infection.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In Finland, for example, an estimated 40000 dog bites occur annually (1996).


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Most commonly in Finland are bitten by a German Shepherd and a Rottweiler.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[77] Not only a bite, but also dog licking or mucosal contact can infect a person with a harmful bacteria.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

All serious cases have involved capnocytophaga canimorsus.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

It is transmitted in five percent of dog bites.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

However, serious infections a person receives from a dog only rarely, and in Finland there are approximately one or two dog licks or bites that require intensive care or fatal per year.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

[78] Symbols and fables The dog represents vigilance and loyalty.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

It is left to it in stories and fairy tales to warn people of impending dangers.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

According to one old lore, a dog saved a sleeping child from a deadly bite attack from a viper.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In Ancient Greek mythology, the huge three-headed dog Kerberos is described as the guardian of the gates of the underworld and its two-headed and snake-tailed brother Orthos watches over Geryon's cattle.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In Scandinavian mythology, the dog demon Garm is known, who would be freed from chains when Ragnarök dawns.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

In some places, dogs have been sacrificed for the dead in order to serve as guides for the deceased in the afterlife.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

See also Dog Outdoors List of famous dogs Dog hair spinning Dog Breeder Dog Park Rescue Dog Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Fogle, Bruce| title = Dogs| others = Translated by Mäki-Kihniä, Nina | publisher = Readme.fi | year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-952-220192-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Gerritsen, Resi & Haak, Ruud & Prins, Simon| title = Basics of Dog Behavior| others = Translated by Lustig, Elina| publisher = Lemon Cost| year = 2017 (initial work 2013) | id = ISBN 978-952- 5701-48-7}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pietiläinen, Petri| title = Dogs English.


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Folklore and history| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish literature| year = 2014| id = ISBN 978-952-222-540-5}} Kaija Unhola: Life with a dog: Finnish dog hobby before and now (2014).


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

Petri Pietiläinen: World History of Dogs (2013).


Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

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Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

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Question: How tall is the longest dachshund?

doggy

* Category:Domestic animals Category:Meat-producing animals Category:Utility animals Category:Juhdat Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (27 August 1770, Stuttgart — 14 November 1831 Berlin) was a German philosopher whose influence has probably been strongest in metaphysics, philosophy of history as well as political philosophy.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

He is considered the most important representative of German idealism.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

His ideas had a great influence on Marxism.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

By the time his ideas were out of fashion in continental Europe, Anglo-Hegelism emerged in Britain, which became for a few decades Britain's dominant philosophical school.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel saw the historic development of the state as a goal.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The absolute spirit realized itself in nature and in men and the state represented the spirit, the goal of the rational and ethical development of mankind.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

This view has often been seen as a philosophical representation of the Christianity represented by Hegel, though after his death several Christians accused his thinking of being pantheistic.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In Hegelian philosophy, the state was the output of the absolute spirit, and thus intrinsic value.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

This can be seen as a counterpoint to Kantian thought, where people have intrinsic value and the state serves their cause.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

According to Hegel, existence is essentially philosophical thinking.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Consequently, he is an ontological idealist.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Life Hegel was born in Stuttgart, Germany in 1770.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

As a child, he avidly read all kinds of literature, newspapers and philosophical essays.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Merit from his literary childhood belongs in part to his mother, who actively fed her child's intellectual development.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The Hegels were a prosperous middle-class family.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

His father served as a government official in the administration in Württemberg.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel received his education at the Lutheran seminary of the Tübinger Stift in Württemberg.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

There he met the future philosopher Friedrich Schelling and the poet Friedrich Hölderlin.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The three were united by an aversion to the restrictive environment of the seminary, and they befriended and all influenced each other's thoughts.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Together, they followed the refraction of the Great French Revolution and embraced the critique of the idealistic philosophy of Immanuel Kant.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Initially, Hölderlin and Schelling were the ones who immersed themselves in theoretical debates about Kantian philosophy.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel's interest came later, after his own efforts to work on popular philosophy inspired by Kant had run into a dead end.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

His intention had been, in line with other popular philosophers, to present and address the issues of his time, thus promoting the values of the Enlightenment.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Most popular philosophers had been influenced by English or Scots thinkers such as Locke and Reid; Hegel wanted to “perfect” Kant's critical philosophy in the same style.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

At Tübingen he was skeptical of the very theoretical and technical debates in which Hölderlin and Schelling took part.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

It was not until 1800 that Hegel acknowledged the need to sort out the problems of the Kantian system before one could hope for its application to practice.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In 1801, Hegel secured a place as privatdozent at the University of Jena.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

He gave lecture series, which became very popular.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The university appointed Hegel as an additional professor, possibly due to Goethe's prestige.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

However, after Napoleon overran Prussia in 1806, the university had to be closed.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel worked for a time as a journalist, and married Marie von Tucher in 1811.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

After publishing a work on the Science of Logic (Wissenschaft der Logik), Hegel received a post from the University of Heidelberg in 1816.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

He published a work on the Encyclopedia of Philosophical Sciences (Enzyklopaedie der philosophischen Wissenschaften), which was a summary of his philosophy for students attending his lectures.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In 1818, Hegel accepted a post at the University of Berlin as a full professor of philosophy.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel was appointed rector of the university by King Frederick William III of Prussia in 1830.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In 1831, a cholera epidemic broke out in Berlin and Hegel fled like many others.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

However, he returned to the city too soon, became infected, and died a few days later in his sleep at the age of 61.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Philosophy Hegel introduced a system known as absolute idealism, aimed at understanding philosophy and the history of the world as a whole.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

He presented the history of human consciousness as a journey through various levels of world explanations.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Each new explanation created new internal problems and contrasts and led to tensions that could only be overcome by adopting a view in which these opposites could be reconciled to a higher whole.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The Great French Revolution, for example, meant for Hegel the presentation of true freedom in European societies for the first time in world history.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

However, it was precisely because of this complete novelty that it was also a perfectly radical idea, and the revolution eventually turned to terror.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

However, history proceeds by learning from its mistakes: Only through this experience can a constitutional state be achieved, in which the state is a benevolent organizing force and the citizens free and equal.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Philosophie der Geschichte (Philosophy of History), published after Hegel's death, is based on lectures Hegel gave in Berlin between 1822 and 1831.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The main idea of the work is “the simple [...] idea that reason rules the world and that therefore events in world history have made sense too”.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

A review of world history shows “that it has been the rational, necessary passage of the world spirit.”


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

At the same time, this history is “a representation of the spirit as to how it acquires for itself knowledge of what it is in itself”, again signifying progress in the consciousness of freedom.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In the countries of Asian exclusivity, only one was free, in ancient slave societies a few had it.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Through these two, development has passed into the current Christian society, where everyone is free.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The realization of freedom and reason constitutes the goal of history, which existed latently at the beginning of history, just as “the idu itself is the whole nature of the tree, the taste and shape of the fruit”.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Although history is governed by reason, the spirit must also take into account the passions and true interests of the people.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In this case, the “List der vernunft” is required, which allows the spirit to achieve its objectives through detours if necessary.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

“At first glance at history, we are convinced that people's actions are powered by their needs, passions, interests, character and gifts [...]”.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Nothing great has been erected in the world without passions; also the spirit can well harness them to pursue one's own ends.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

For their part trees, the same is true of history markers.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Such people — Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar or Napoleon, for example — pursue their own interests, but at the same time carry out the mission of the world spirit.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Often they walk the most direct way forward and crush a lot under them.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

For the happiness of individuals, they don't care, not even their own.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Having achieved their goal, however, they “fall away as empty curtains of the core.”


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

According to Hegel, the driving forces of history are states.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

“In world history, there can only be talk of peoples that make up the state,” he argues.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In the state, “freedom is realized, i.e.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

an absolute goal.”


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

“Further one must know,” Hegel continues, “that man has only through the state all value, all mental reality.”


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Stateless peoples Hegel refuses to read as covered by history.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Social Philosophy and Philosophy of Law in the most detailed way, Hegel discusses political philosophy in his book The Main Features of the Philosophy of Law (Philosophie des Rechts, 1821).


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In it he elucidates the nature of the modern state and makes a significant distinction between the state on the one hand and civil society (bürgerliche Gesellschaft; Bürger = citizen, burgher) on the other.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The nature of civil society Hegel understands largely in line with Adam Smith's theory of markets: it is a realm of needs and private selfishness.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Civil society includes a private market, within which there is a war of all against all.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

While each pursues his own interest, so the “invisible hand” (hence the “cunning of reason”) brings about the growth of the common good.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In the area of civil society, individual freedom can flourish, but at the same time people are divided into rich and poor and anarchically functioning market forces emerge, the domestication of which can only occur in the sphere of joint action, in the state.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

According to Hegel, the state is a more advanced formation than civil society, the latter included in the former “abrogated and preserved”.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The state represents common and public; it is res publica.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel defends the kingship, which must, however, adopt the rule of law and which, as an essential part, includes an apolitical, impartial civil service, i.e.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

a public class promoting the common good.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Modern man now appears in two parts: on the one hand, he is a bourgeois, that is, a bourgeois, a private person, a market operator, on the other hand, a citoye, a citizen, a participant in a joint political action.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel is convinced man is a political, state-like being.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Joint life is more advanced than private.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

However, this does not mean that satisfying private needs can be neglected — thus Hegel distances himself from Plato's ideal of the property-free and family-free philosopher living solely for the state.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel's state is also the embodiment of reason, but reason does not have an undifferentiated entity, but contains differences and parts with its own peculiarities.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In Hegel's eyes, the state is also the highest manifestation of the “objective spirit”.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

“What is rational is real; and what is real is rational,” the preface to Philosophy of Law says.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Reason makes itself true, becomes external reality.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

After leaving the subjective self behind, it evolves into objective forms manifested in language, laws, customs and institutions.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Development of Spirit The state is the highest form that reason as an objective spirit can take, and in turn forms the frames for the forms of the “absolute spirit”: art, religion and philosophy.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Truth can be expressed in illustrative images (art), myths and symbols (religion), as well as concepts (science, philosophy).


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In antiquity, the most significant manifestation of the spirit was art, in the Middle Ages religion, and in modern times philosophy.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In this way, philosophy becomes the last, final manifestation of the spirit.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

There is only one philosophy of inheritance.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In its temporal development, however, it takes on different forms; so a series of necessary and consistent stages of the development of thought emerges.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

“Minerva's owl takes flight only when dusk descends”, [1] reads Hegel's well-known phrase.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

It means that the course of history can only be properly understood in retrospect, only once its essential stages have been through.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel predicted the end of history and philosophy.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The evolution of the spirit has, in his view, advanced close to its end point as freedom and reason have begun to become real in the modern state.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Soon a fitting of idea and reality (Versöhnung) is at hand, at which point reality begins to match what has always been included in the idea as implicit.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In this case, theoretical understanding, philosophy, can also develop to perfection.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Philosophy is nothing more than “conceived by the thoughts of its time”; thus, the end of history and the end of philosophy are one and the same thing.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

As the spirit has transcended its fragmentary phase and history reached its end in the Christian Kingdom, the time for final philosophy has arrived.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Such philosophy has elevated to absolute knowledge and realized the essence of world history.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel was convinced that his own philosophy met the requirements to be placed on a perfect philosophy.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The State and Economy Hegel argued against capitalist economic theory, claiming the problems of his time such as unemployment and poverty were caused by objective internal contradictions in the capitalist economic model.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

In his view, the state is a balancing and ethical force, a mandatory regulator.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The sum of the actions of individuals is something no one as an individual has wished for — an absolute spirit realizing itself.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Aesthetics from the lecture notes of Hegel and his students were compiled in 1835, based on lectures in Heidelberg and Berlin, the work Vorlesung über die Ästhetik (Lectures on Aesthetics).


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Its opening phrase reads: “These lectures are devoted to aesthetics; their object is a vast realm of the beautiful; more precisely, art is their domain.” [2] According to Hegel, a self-conscious being is only a spirit capable of evaluating its own thinking, being and action, that is, reason.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Such an ability manifests itself only in man, and from this point of view Hegel explains the subjective, objective and absolute being of spirit.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Being absolute is divided into stages of art, religion, and philosophy (science), which can also be concurrent.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Their difference lies in ways to exhibit the self-consciousness of the spirit.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

[3] Hegel's aesthetics are therefore directed both towards beauty in general and art in particular.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

More basic, according to him, is art, because only the beauty of art opens the door to the nature of beauty.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The beauty of nature, for example, reveals nothing that would not be reached by studying art.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

[2] Hegel followed the conception of earlier philosophers of the commonality between the good and the beautiful.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Unlike his predecessors, however, he showed beauty to be tied to sensing.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The perception of beauty is, according to Hegel, the perception of not only external, but also internal beauty.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

It's dealing with the idea of beauty, like imagination and thinking.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Three things distinguish, according to Hegel, a natural being and a work of art.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

A work of art is not a product of nature, but an artifact.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Art is made for the senses of man and has an end in itself, which is beauty.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel thought differently than those who saw art as a mission to teach or promote moral ideas.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Also, the sense of pleasure aroused by art was due solely to the beauty of art, according to Hegel.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Man, according to Hegel, is incapable of imitating reality perfectly.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

If mimesis were the goal of art, the superiority of art would be due to the success of imitation, and beauty would no longer matter.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Art therefore, according to Hegel, came to be viewed purely for its beauty.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Beautiful is the sensing manifestation of an idea.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

For art, Hegel laid down three requirements.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

The form must match the content and the content must be ideal, divine.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Because of this, the content should manifest itself sensitively.


Question: What country was G. W. F. Hegel born in?

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Hegel did not only mean religious works by divinity; he stated that in art one can also depict everyday, even low, subjects.