Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The Clock Game split the critics in two stronger than any other Kubrick film, but it was still an audience success that has also later achieved generally critical acclaim.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film also received four Oscar nominations (including Best Cinematography and Best Directing).


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Author Anthony Burgess was also pleased with the film, although he was disturbed by how the final chapter of the book had been omitted from the film.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

For this, however, he blamed not Kubrick, who served as a screenwriter, but on his American publisher of the book.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Burgess and Kubrick got along well anyway, and Burgess's novel Napoleon Symphony is dedicated to Kubrick.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Barry Lyndon (1975), who followed the Bell Game, did not elicit indignation, but did not receive acclaim like Space Adventure or the Strangest either, admittedly the film received seven Oscar nominations and won four (more than any other Kubrick film).


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick himself considered Barry Lyndon his best film and also agrees with Martin Scorsese.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

For the film, Kubrick procured particularly luminous lenses from NASA.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

From them and old background projection cameras, cameras were built to give the film an authentic old-time feel; the lighting was plain candlelight.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick received his final Oscar nomination for the film for directing.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Despite this, the film was a financial disappointment in America, but failed to make a loss as it fared better in European theatres, notably in France.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

After this film, Kubrick's pace of work slowed significantly, as his next film was given a five-year wait.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Slowing the pace of work Kubrick's pace of work slowed at the end of the 1970s.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Reportedly, the director felt the lack of valid scripts slowed the work of the self-critical Kubrick.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

He also had a habit of designing his films for a long time, during which some of his films were completely unmade: this was the case with a film about Napoleon, for example.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

In 1980, Kubrick decided to make a film based on Stephen King's blockbuster work The Shining.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

This was reportedly due to his failure to get permission to make a sequel to the popular horror film The Exorcist.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

However, he wanted to make his own horror film and ended up directing Shining.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

He also got to use for the first time in his film starring Jack Nicholson, whom he had wanted to starring in his already unmade Napoleon film.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

In the film's long camera runs, Kubrick creatively used a steadicam that could be moved gracefully without any tracks.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

In the year of its appearance, the film became a commercial success, although the reviews it received were mainly poor.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

However, the film was returned by Warner Bros.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

studios have faith in Kubrick, whose previous film Barry Lyndon, which came out five years earlier, had been a financial disappointment in the United States.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film did not receive a single Oscar or Bafta nomination in the manner of Kubrick's previous films, and is the only Kubrick film to be named a nominee at the Razzie Gala of Bad Films (the film received two nominations).


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Furthermore, Stephen King berated the film in the crevasse of earth, as Kubrick had made a lot of changes to make it the one that would please him most.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

However, the film has attained critics' appreciation afterwards and is considered a classic of modern horror cinema.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Seven years passed after the Glamour before, in 1987, Kubrick decided to make a war film about Gustav Hasford's Vietnam novel Full Metal Jacket (published in Finland as Metal Sheathing).


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film was shot entirely in London because Kubrick did not want to leave far from his home while making the film.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The urban warfare scene of the rest was filmed in a factory that received a demolition conviction.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film differs from other Vietnamese films in that it does not see a single jungle scene, but instead a war is fought in an urban urban landscape.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

After the film came out, it received mixed reviews and suffered at the box office due to the popularity of the same thematic film Platoon — Young Soldiers — which appeared on the market at the same time.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film received one Oscar nomination, and has subsequently achieved great acclaim.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Like Doctor Stranger, The Shining, The Clockwork Orange and 2001: A Space Adventure, Full Metal Jacket has also been voted among the 100 best films of all time in the Internet Movie Database.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick's last film, Eyes Wide Shut, was based on Arthur Schnitzler's novel Traumnovelle (translated by the names Doctor gets lost in eroticism and Sleepnarrative).


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

However, in the film's script, Kubrick moved the scene of the story from 1920s Vienna to 1990s New York City.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film was shot for two years, during which two important actors (Harvey Keitel and Jennifer Jason Leigh) were replaced.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick kept the film strictly under wraps, and expectations for it swelled.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film's sexual theme even prompted a few journalists to declare that the piece would be “the sexiest film ever made”.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Eyes Wide Shut premiered in 1999 and divided the opinions of critics.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick had chosen Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman, a married couple known for their entertaining roles, and was seen as an indication of the director's impairment of judgment.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Some critics, on the other hand, found this solution creative.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Stanley Kubrick died of a heart attack two weeks before the premiere of his film while asleep at his home in Harpenden, England.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

He was buried next to his favourite tree in the yard of his home Childwickbury Manor.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The planned films Kubrick's cloaked pace and pedantic way of working led to some of his film ventures never materialising.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

[1] These include: Napoleon Bonaparte: A Space Adventure after 2001, Kubrick was planning a film about Napoleon Bonaparte.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

For the role of Napoleon, he had been planning to play Jack Nicholson — whom he had seen in the film Easy Rider — en route.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

However, Kubrick postponed the project and ultimately did not make the entire film due to the poor success of the film Waterloo, which came out in 1970.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

For the film, a script designed by Kubrick has been posted on the internet, and it shows how Kubrick transferred some of the scenes he planned to film Barry Lyndon, set at the same time.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Aryan Papers (English. Aryan Documents) was the name given by Kubrick to a film he designed that would have dealt with the experiences of mother and son in Holocaust times.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

However, Kubrick abandoned the project due to the appearance of Steven Spielberg's Schindler's List film on the same subject.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

According to Kubrick's wife, the subject was also too challenging and demanding for the director.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

A.I: Artificial Intelligence was a film long conceived by Kubrick (knowingly, he was planning it back in the days of the Full Metal Jacket).


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

However, he postponed a variation of the Pinocchio story placed in the future because he wanted the computer effects to develop to the right level.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

He had already written a treat for it and hired director Chris Cunningham, among others, to design special effects for the film when he decided to abandon the project.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

After Kubrick's death, Steven Spielberg directed “A.I. — Artificial Intelligence”, a film about Kubrick's material in 2001.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Burning Secret: a manuscript from 1956 was discovered in 2018 and is owned by the son of Kubrick's collaborator.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

It is based on the short story Brennende Geheimnis by Stefan Zweig.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The film went unmade while Kubrick focused on another film.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

[10] Zweig's short story has since been made into the film The Burning Secret (1988), scripted and directed by Andrew Birkin.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Birkin collaborated with Kubrick, among others, on the unrealized film project Napoleon [11].


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The directing style Stanley Kubrick can be considered a classic example of the so-called contradictory artist genius.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

He is remembered for his perfectionist and supremely controlling style of directing, which caused actors to often get hit hard in Kubrick's films.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick had a disregard for the actors' cosiness, and he was generally discouraged from telling these why whatever thing was done the way it was done.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

The takes were repeated time and time again without the director telling me what was wrong with the previous take.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick himself explained his behaviour by the fact that it sought genuine role performances from actors: they were forced to live in scenes rather than acting in them.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

[12] On the other hand, Kubrick allowed great freedoms to the actors he trusted: this was the case with Peter Sellers, who played his breakthrough role in Lolita, for example.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

[13] Appearing in Kubrick's films was a unique ordeal for actors for which neither their education nor their earlier careers had prepared them.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Many actors have described the instructiveness of that experience and Kubrick's directorial persona as having made an indelible impression on them.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

[14] In particular, the treatment received by Shelley Duvall, the presenter of The Shining's female lead, on set, has caused much controversy regarding Kubrick's persona.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Kubrick tormented Duvall with nasty comments, endlessly repeated takes, and openly discriminating against this.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Duvall lost her hair during filming, and Shining's act has even been claimed to have derailed her mental health.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

[15] Documentaries about Kubrick The Stanley Kubrick — Portrait of the Director was completed in 2001.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Filmography Long Films Short Documentary Films Other short films shot by Kubrick have not survived to the present day.


Question: Where was Stanley Kubrick born?

Stanley Kubrick

Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:US film directors Category:US film producers Category:US film screenwriters Category:Those born in 1928 Class:Those who died in 1999 Category:Key to screening Articles


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Republic of South Africa, or South Africa, is a republic in southern Africa, right at the southernmost tip of the African continent.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

It is bordered by Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Swaziland.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The state of Lesotho lies as an enclave within South Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The climate of the country varies from region to region.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The western Cape Country has a Mediterranean climate, and the hinterland is steppe, where it rains in summer.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

There is a subtropical zone in KwaZulu-Natal.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

South Africa can be considered a superpower on the African continent and has the second largest economy in Africa after Nigeria [1].


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country is among the world's leading exporters of minerals.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[2] Black African nationalists in particular refer to South Africa as Azania.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[3] Archbishop Desmond Tutu and Nelson Mandela, among others, have described post-1994 democratic multicultural South Africa as a Rainbow State ().


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[4] Geography South Africa lies at the southern tip of the African continent between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Its shoreline is over 2500km long and stretches from the Namibian Desert to the subtropical region of Mozambique.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The shallow coastal strip is narrow for the most part, with a mountainous area towering behind it separating the coast from the inland highlands.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

By place, especially in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, the coastal lowland is wider.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[5] The soil in South Africa is exceptionally old and rich in mineral.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The foundation of the Earth was already part of the Gondwana continent, which 100—300 million years ago broke up into numerous parts, forming new continents like Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Over the years that followed, geological, tectonic and volcanic processes, as well as erosion, shaped South Africa to the likeness of what is now.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[6] The most significant of South African mineral formations are the gold-containing Witwatersrand quartzite, the platinum-bearing Bushveld igneous rock complex, and carbon resources formed from Karoo sediments.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[7] There is a cold Antarctic Benguela stream in Earth's Atlantic-side marine area, whose plankton sustains rich fishing grounds.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

On the east coast, in turn, pass the warm sea currents of Mozambique and Agulhas.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Ocean currents significantly affect the climate of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[6] The country's main rivers are the Limpopo River on the border with Zimbabwe and the Oranje River and its tributary the Vaal, which flows from west to east and descends into the Atlantic at the border with Namibia.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The importance of the Oranje River, among other things, for farming in the dry central part of the country is great.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[6] The climate of South Africa varies a lot from region to region.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The inland Great Karoo Plateau is arid steppe and turns northwestward as it slowly goes into the Kalahari Desert.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The southwestern parts of the country have a Mediterranean climate with rainy winters and hot, dry summers.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[6] Average Heat (°C) Urban SummerWinterCape Town20,012,6Durban23,617,0Johannesburg19,411,1Pretoria22,412,9Source:Lew Leppan: The South African Book of Records.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Cape Town, Don Nelson, 1999.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Nature South Africa has five different vegetation zones: fynbos, forest, karoo, grassy and savannah.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Fynbos vegetation zone is located in the southwestern parts of the country, and its species range consists mainly of heather, proteas and herbaceous plants belonging to the family Restionaceae.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[8] Although over 1,000 native tree species grow in South Africa, large trees are quite rare in many parts of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

However, the country has extensive forests in the Knysna-Tsitsikamma region and the northeastern parts of the provinces of Mpumalanga and Limpopo, where the tree is composed of pine palms.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the northern parts of the country, monkey bread trees also grow.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[8] The best known of South Africa's native animals are the so-called 'big five': elephant, lion, rhinoceros, leopard and kaffer buffalo, which live in bushveld and savanna areas.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Of the large felines, the lion's range is almost exclusively restricted to the country's national parks, but leopards are also found in a larger area in the southern Cape Country and northern parts of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The cheetah population is quite small and restricted to the northernmost parts of the country and nature parks.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

About 850 species of birds occur in South Africa, of which about 50 are endemic.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The best-known bird species are the ostrich, which is found almost all over the country, hornbells, curlers, and several species of eagle and vulture.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[9] Eight different species of whale occur in coastal waters of South Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The most commonly observed of them is the black whale, which calves in coastal bay coves.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The species was once hunted to near extinction, but with conservation, its population has strengthened.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

There are more than 2000 species of fish in the territorial waters of the country, which is 16% of all fish species in the world.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The most commercially significant fish are sardines and hake.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[9] History Plenty of 10,000 years ago large areas of southern Africa prevailed the ancestral culture of the present ferns.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The life form of the ferns was based on hunting, fishing, and gathering, and they had formed strolling hunter groups of about 50—500 people.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[10] Around 2200 years ago, some Pan groups in the northern parts of present-day Botswana domesticated the first domesticated animals and began moving towards the south.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The new socioeconomic system they created has, in the circle of anthropologists, been called the Khoikhoi hunter nomadic.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[11] Bantu-speaking populations began arriving from East Africa in the area of present-day Transvaal as early as the 3rd century.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the 16th century, the Nguni-tsongas already inhabited much of present-day South Africa, such as the coastal areas of Natal, and the northern half of the confluence of the Oranje and Vaalal rivers by the Sotho-tsongas.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

However, in the southernmost part of the country they were not spread out; only the Khoikhoi and San peoples were still inhabited there, and the area was very sparsely populated.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

By the time of the 18th century, the Nguni tsongas had split into numerous smaller ethnic groups including the Zulus, Xhos and Swazis.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[12] Colonial era The first Boers settled on the Cape of Good Hope in the area of present-day Kapma in 1652.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The colony's population grew to 15,000 by the end of the century, and its area expanded even faster.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Many colonizers also migrated to the hinterland inhabited by the Sans and Khos.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The colonists skirmished constantly with the surrounding African tribes.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Between 1785 and 1795, 2000 men and women belonging to the San tribe died in these skirmishes and an additional 700 were put into slavery.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[13] In 1795, the British conquered Kapma as a strategic base against the French to control the sea road to the east.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[14] Between 1835 and 1843, about 12000 Boers embarked on the Great Hike towards the North.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The reasons for the migration included economic problems, armed conflict between the Xhos and the Boers, and especially dissatisfaction with British rule.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Voortrekkers felt that the British administration had not provided refuge against the Xhos, but had promoted equality between blacks and Caucasians and banned the slave trade in Kapma.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[15] [16] [17] In the late 18th century, political unrest arose among the northern Ngunis as a result of excessive population growth and commercial competition.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Ethnic clashes between the Nguns led to the emergence of a new kind of military and administrative system.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Under the leadership of Shaka Zulu called the Black Napoleon, a strong Zulu state emerged.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[18] By the middle of the 1820s, Shaka already controlled a kingdom of over 100,000 people, and his army numbered 40000 men.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[19] The Shaka conquests escaped a large number of populations that formed the so-called Mfecan movement () and whose effects were felt in Central and East Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The state development of the various Bantu groups accelerated, and several new kingdoms such as Ndebele and Gaza emerged in Africa and the still existing Besotho (present-day Lesotho) and Swazi (present-day Swaziland).


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[18] Mfecane's period mayhem also allowed the Boers to spread further north, starting in the 1830s, laying the groundwork for the myth put forward during apartheid about moving the Boers into “empty land”.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[14] The Boer Wars The British forcibly annexed the Transvaal to their colony in 1877.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Boers protested forced annexation by rising up in rebellion of 1880 in December.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

At the Battle of Majuba Hill, the Boer forces divided into several small groups were beaten by the British forces, who suffered heavy losses.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The British government led by William Gladstone deemed the war forfeit and signed an armistice on 6 March.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The final peace treaty was signed on March 23, 1881.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Boers were granted self-government in the Transvaal under British control.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 1887, gold prospectors discovered the world's largest gold deposit on the Witwatersrand (“Randi”) ridge.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

After the discovery of gold, thousands of British colonists began rolling across the border from Kapma.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Afrikaaners became nervous about the uitlanders' presence and denied them the right to vote.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Transvaal issued an ultimatum in 1899, leading to war.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Oranje joined the Transvaal at that time.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Despite a well-started guerrilla war, in 1902 the Boers were forced to surrender to British forces.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Despite the defeat they suffered, they managed to retain their own language and culture and were able to gain political influence.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Union of South Africa came into existence on 31 May 1910 with the merger of four British colonies (Kapmaan, Natal, Transvaal and the Free State of Oranje) into a new independent British dominion.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Among the first key political issues facing the country were the transition of South West Africa (now Namibia) with a League of Nations mandate to control South Africa and the organization of status between blacks and whites in the country's cities.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[20] The government sought to address these issues with the Mines and Works Act 1911, which denied Africans most of the high-skilled mining works reserved for whites.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[21] In 1931, South Africa gained definitively independent state status by the Act of Westminster, but continued to remain a member of the Commonwealth.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 1961, the country seceded from the Commonwealth, but rejoined it in 1994.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

During the 1930s, the ethno-nationalist ideology known as Afrikaaner nationalism intensified, and the Pure-Doctrinal National Party (), founded by Daniel François Malan, who resigned from the National Party, emerged as its central implementer.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[22] Under the Second World War, the Afrikaaners were mired in a dispute over South Africa's participation in the war.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

However, Jan Smuts, who rose to become Prime Minister in 1939, took the country to war alongside Great Britain.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[22] Apartheid After World War II, the National Party, reunited for the 1948 elections, set out to campaign for a new policy it called apartheid.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The National Party also pledged to safeguard “the interests and job opportunities of white workers in white areas”, and its election campaign used slogans such as Swart gewar (black peril) and Die kaffer op sy plek (Kafferi where he belongs).


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The party won a parliamentary majority in the election, despite receiving less than half of the votes cast, and formed a government under Daniel François Malan.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[23] The apartheid system was developed during the 1950s through the enactment of numerous different laws.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

These laws were usually associated with some acute situation that threatened white supremacy, and their combined effects had not been considered.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Because of this, the laws caused numerous unwanted effects and conflicts that increasingly began to manifest as the 1960s wore on.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

For example, the purpose of Bantu teaching was to produce obedient African laborers who had been taught to believe that they were less deserving in society than the role of servant.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Instead, it produced young activists who realised they had nothing to lose by violently opposing the government.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[24] A key feature of the apartheid system was the so-called “grand partheid”.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In it, various racial groups sought to create their own independent homelands, where they were to “develop independently”.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Ten homelands for blacks, or Bantustans, were established in South Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Residential areas, buildings, services and public spaces were also classified by race.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Elsewhere in South Africa, the places of residence and jobs of blacks were accurately determined and they were to have passports.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Bantustans were unlivable, and more than half of South Africa's blacks lived outside them despite racial encroachment.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Yet from the 1970s onwards there were attempts to make them independent.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

As the first of these, Transkei declared independence in 1976, followed by Bophuthatswana, Venda and Ciskei.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In practice, their independence did not materialize, and the independence of any of them was not recognised by any state other than South Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[25] [26] South Africa was separated from the United Nations due to racial ortho policy in 1974.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

It was admitted to membership again in 1994.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[27] The end of apartheid The resistance of the ANC and other organizations to apartheid policies grew over the decades, and eventually the country drifted into a stalemate where the black opposition was unable by force to topple the white government, but the government also failed to succeed to eradicate the opposition.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Frederik de Klerk, who became president of the country in 1989, felt that the foreign and domestic political situation required the opening of negotiations with organisations that opposed apartheid.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

He believed that by negotiation it would be possible to achieve a better outcome for the white population of the country if they were conducted while the government was still relatively strong militarily.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[28] After nearly three years of negotiations, the various parties managed to establish a conciliatory solution on the separation of powers and the date of the elections.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

During the negotiations, political violence in the country increased due to the activities of white, predominantly Afrikaaner nationalist far-right movements and the Inkatha Freedom Party.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 1993, elections were held in the country, in which all ethnic groups were allowed to participate for the first time.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The election saw an ANC-led coalition rise to the leadership of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The ANC received 62.7% of the votes cast in the election, falling slightly short of the 2/3 majority required to amend the constitution.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The National Party became the second largest party in the country with 20.4% support.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

On May 9, South Africa's new parliament unanimously elected Nelson Mandela as the country's new president.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[29] Frene Ginwala was elected Speaker of the National Assembly of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[30] In 1995, the Government of National Unity appointed the Truth Commission () to investigate crimes during apartheid.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Commission heard testimony from victims of crime, and those who committed crimes for political reasons could apply to the Commission for clemency against a full honest confession.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[31] The Truth Commission is widely regarded as a successful attempt to unravel the country's traumatic political history.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[32] The Truth Commission was chaired by Desmond Tutu, Archbishop Emeritus of the Anglican Church of South Africa, who was awarded the 1984 Nobel Peace Prize.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[33] Even after the abolition of apartheid, the difference in the standard of living of blacks and whites has not disappeared.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The standard of living of whites corresponds to the peak in industrialized countries but hardly the African average for blacks.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[34] Governance and Politics South Africa is a constitutional democracy with a three-tier model of government and an independent judiciary.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The administration is divided into national, provincial and local levels.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Consultative bodies of traditional African leaders also operate at both the country-wide and provincial level.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's bicameral parliament is based in Cape Town.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The National Assembly () consists of 350—400 elected representatives elected for five-year terms.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the National Assembly, the number of seats for different political parties is proportional to the number of votes received by a party in elections.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[35] The largest group in the parliament elected in 2009 is the ANC, which gained 264 seats.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

There were 67 representatives of the Democratic Party (DA), 30 for the People's Congress (COPE) and 18 for the Inkatha Freedom Party.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[36] In 2014, the ANC's majority was reduced, but it is still the largest party.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Similarly, DA's number of votes increased.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The People's Congress lost considerably seats.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[37] The second chamber of Parliament is the Council of Provinces (), consisting of 54 permanent members and 34 special delegates.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Each province in the country sends 10 representatives to the Council, 6 of whom are permanent members and 4 are special delegates, headed by the head of the province or a member of the provincial Legislative Council appointed by the head of the head.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Local government representatives are also permitted to participate in the work of the council.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

However, they are not allowed to vote.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[35] The head of state of South Africa is a president elected from among himself by the National Assembly for a period of five years, no more than two consecutive terms.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Previously, the president was essentially a representative and ceremonial person, but in 1984, when the office of prime minister was abolished, the president was made the head of the government and thus has significant power, but unlike presidents in general, he is answerable to parliament.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

This makes South Africa's statesmanship exceptional.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The government consists of a president, a vice president and 25 ministers.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The vice president and ministers are appointed by the president and may also dismiss them.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Only two ministers can be elected from outside the National Assembly.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[35] Bills to the National Assembly may be proposed by ministers and deputy ministers or members of the National Assembly committee.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Any bill can be considered by the National Assembly.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the Council of Provinces, draft laws may be made by its members or committees, and laws may only relate to certain matters defined by the Constitution.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Bills approved by the National Assembly are sent to the Council of Provinces, which can reject the Act or propose amendments to it.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In these cases, the National Assembly must reconsider the law and may choose to override the Council of Provinces by a 2/3 majority.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[35] Constitutional amendments required a 2/3 majority in the National Assembly and the support of six provinces in the Council of Provinces.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Amending the first chapter of the Constitution, which defines the fundamental values of the state, requires a 75% majority.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[35] Politics South Africa has been governed since the first free elections in 1994 by an ANC-led coalition with a majority in the National Assembly and controls eight of the country's nine provinces.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The ANC has managed to increase its popularity, with 62.7% support in the 1994 elections, 66.35% in the 1999 election and 69.69% in the 2004 election.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[38] However, 13 different parties are represented in the country's parliament.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[39] After Nelson Mandela left politics before the 1999 election, Thabo Mbeki, who was re-elected in 2004, became president of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Mbeki was at odds with his former vice president Jacob Zuma, who was elected to the ANC leadership in December 2007.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

On September 20, 2008, at the insistence of the ANC party leadership, Mbeki agreed to resign from the office of president before the end of his term [40], after charges driven by Mbeki against Zuma had been dismissed in court.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's acting president until elections in April 2009 was Kgalema Motlanthe [41], after which Mr Zuma ascended to the leadership of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Jacob Zuma is accused of corruption, and the National Congress decided in February 2018 to dismiss him, but he demands a lengthy resignation, to which again the National Congress would not agree to.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[42] The ANC's main allies have been the trade union movement COSATU and the Communist Party of South Africa (SACP), which has participated in the country's parliamentary elections from ANC candidate lists.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Tensions developed in relations between the allies in the early 2000s as COSATU and SACP demanded greater influence in deciding the country's economic policies.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[43] Disagreements led to the creation of a new party, Congress of the People (COPE), in the autumn of 2008, when supporters of former President Thabo Mbeki resigned from the ANC.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[44] The party challenged the ANC in the 2009 election with a programme that relies on strong economic growth and support for business.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[44] The party declares itself to be social democratic and that it belongs to the left.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[45] The Democratic Alliance (DA), founded in June 2000, has emerged as the main opposition party in the country, which emerged from the alliance of the Democratic Party and the New Nationalist Party.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The DA was chaired until the spring of 2007 by Tony Leon, former chairman of the Democratic Party.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The DA has sought to increase its popularity among the country's black population, but has so far been unsuccessful.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Its adherence comes predominantly from the white middle class.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[43] Since 1994, South African politics have been moderate.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

White right-wing parties such as the Conservative Party and the openly racist Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB) have become marginalised.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Afrikaaner nationalist Freedom Front plus pushing for the establishment of the Boer Volkstate has also failed to garner significant support.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Pan-African PAC has also performed poorly in elections.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[43] The country has been experiencing increasing protests since 2004, mostly against local government.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Some of them have been violent [46].


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The unrest stems from, among other things, lack of basic services such as water and housing and the growing income disparity between rich and poor [47] Foreign policy During the apartheid regime The most central objective of South Africa's foreign policy was to defend and protect white supremacy perpetuating the political system.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

As a result of this policy, the country was sidelined from international politics and eventually ended up in what is known as “isolation diplomacy.”


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

South Africa was separated from the United Nations (UN) by racial ortho policy in 1974.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

After the 1994 elections, the situation changed, the country was accepted as a member of the UN and it took a central role in African politics.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Mandela said creating a new foreign policy was key to building a new and prosperous country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[27] [48] South Africa's new foreign policy highlights the importance of the African continent and the centrality of South Africa in the political and economic future of the continent.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Thabo Mbeki's administration has implemented this policy through, among other things, SADC ().


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country also joined the Organisation of African Unity in 1994.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

It has also been actively seeking to participate in the mediation of crises on the continent, including in Burundi and Zaire.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

While South Africa has made international efforts to promote human rights and democracy, it has nevertheless found itself haggling over its idealism for realpolitik reasons.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

For example, it has not wanted to get involved in the Zaire and Nigerian crises to secure good relations with these countries and has recognised Communist China over Taiwan for economic reasons.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[48] Recently, South Africa has been criticized for its reluctance to address Zimbabwe's worsening crisis and President Robert Mugabe's regime.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[49] Provinces Prior to 1994, South Africa had four provinces under the Union of South Africa: the Transvaal Province and the Free State Province of Oranje from the former Boer Republics, and the Province of Natal and Kapmaan from the old British settlements province.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

On the basis of suurapartheid policy, an additional ten “homelands” of blacks, or Bantustans, were established in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[50] After apartheid, the Bantustans were annexed back to South Africa and the country was divided into nine new provinces: Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape, Northwest Province and Western Cape.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The provinces are very diverse in size: The smallest but densely populated Gauteng is only about 17000km² in area and the largest, arid as well as sparsely populated in the Northern Cape at about 362000km².


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The third smallest province in terms of area, KwaZulu-Natal has the highest number of people and Gauteng with the second highest number of people.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Provinces also differ linguistically.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

About 80% of the population in the Eastern Cape speak Xhosa and in KwaZulu an equal proportion speak Zulu.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Afrikaans is the most spoken language in and around Cape Town.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[50] Each province has its own regional administration, where legislative power is exercised by parliament and executive power rests with the executive council and the head of the province.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The size of provincial parliaments ranges from 30 to 50 people, with members elected for five-year terms.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The terms of office of the head of the province are limited to two.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The members of the Executive Council, who act as the provincial government, are appointed by the head.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[50] Defence Forces The South African National Defence Force () consists of four types of weapons: the Land Force, the Air Force, the Navy, and the Medical Services.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The headquarters of the Defence Force is located in Pretoria.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The commander of the Armed Forces is appointed by the President from one of the four types of weapons, and the Secretary of Defense acts as his superior.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[51] In the mid-1990s, the country's army consisted of 95,000 soldiers from the former South African Defence Force () and Bantustan Defence Forces and 27000 fighters from former resistance movements.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

From the integration of these forces, the country's new national defence forces emerged.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[51] By 2001, the reorganisation of the Defence Force had been completed, leaving 87000 posts in the Defence Force.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[52] South Africa's defence expenditure almost tenfold between 1975 and 1989 from about 1 billion rand to 9.4 billion rand.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

However, in terms of dollars, they remained at least constant.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the 1980s, defense spending averaged 16.4% of government spending.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

By the time of the mid-1990s, defence spending had already fallen to less than 3% of GDP and less than 10% of government spending.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[53] Nuclear Weapon Based on intelligence, it is known that the apartheid regime engaged in nuclear cooperation with Israel in the 1970s.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

US officials say its central intelligence agency, the CIA, has evidence of extensive cooperation between Israel and South Africa on missile and rocket technology.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

According to CIA records, in June 1980, Israel and South Africa also conducted a joint nuclear test.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Prior to the experiment, South Africa had been visited by a large group of Israeli nuclear physicists, engineers and military officers.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Both Israel and South Africa denied the claims.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[54] In 1975, P. W. Botha signed a secret military cooperation agreement with Shimon Peres, the Israeli Minister of Defense.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Israel exported weapons to South Africa between 1974 and 1993 worth $600 million annually, making South Africa Israel's second or third largest trading partner.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

According to Sasha Polakow-Suransky, the total value of arms sales during the period was more than $10 billion.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

South Africa supplied Israel with 500 tons of uranium for its nuclear weapons program and in reciprocation Israel sold 30 grams of tritium to South Africa to build a neutron bomb.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In September 1979, the two countries collaboratively conducted a nuclear test in the South Atlantic.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[55] South Africa subsequently abandoned its nuclear weapons program and joined its small nuclear arsenal after destroying the NPT in 1991.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Education In 2012, South Africa had about 12.4 million students, 425000 teachers and 25800 schools.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Four percent of the students attended a private school.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In state-funded schools, the teacher-pupil ratio is around 30.4 pupils per teacher.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[56] The South African school system () consists of three school levels: Primary Education and Training, Postgraduate and Training, and Highest Teaching and Training.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

School education lasts for 13 years from 0 to 13th grade, of which primary education includes grades 0 through 9.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

All people between the ages of 7 and 15 are compulsory.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Postgraduate education and training takes place in grades 10—12 and also includes training instructing professions, provided by technical colleges and private schools, among others.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The highest level of teaching includes university studies and postgraduate courses up to the doctorate.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

There are 23 government-funded colleges in South Africa with around 900,000 students enrolled in 2010.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

South African universities receive funding from the state but are autonomous.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[56] Education accounts for close to 20% of government expenditure; substantial funding has been aimed at repairing the damage caused by 40 years of apartheid regime.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

During apartheid, South Africa's school system was blatantly unfair.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Schools in White South Africa were Western level, and education in them was free and compulsory.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

30% of black schools had no electricity, 25% lacked water mains and only half had sewerage.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

One-third of teachers in black schools were incompetent.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

For blacks, Indians and people of color, education also paid and was not compulsory.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the 1970s, the government spent funds per capita on education for blacks only 10% of the money spent on white schoolchildren.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[57] According to Hendrik Verwoerd, Minister of Native Affairs, Africans had to be taught their own cultural tradition, and the school system “must coach and teach people according to the possibilities of their lives.”


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The government regulated the content of Bantu education, and school books commonly contained such phrases as “Kafferi has stolen a knife, this kafferi is lazy”.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[58] The most difficult problems in terms of education are concentrated in poor rural areas, especially in the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Schools in the more prosperous Gauteng and Western Cape tend to be better equipped.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The illiterate population over the age of 15 is approximately 18% (about 9 million people).


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

58.5% of whites and 51% of Indians progress to college, compared to 14.3% of people of color and 12% of the black population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[56] Population 79.2% of South Africans are black, divided into several different peoples and tribes.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Whites, of which there are 8.9% (approx.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

4.6 million), are mainly descendants of Dutch, French, German and British colonists.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Of whites speaking native Afrikaans, more than 2.7 million (approx.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

61% of whites).


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Mixed races include 8.9% Coloured, descendants of slaves brought to the country between the 17th and 19th centuries, native Xhos, and Dutch settlers.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Asians are mainly descendants of Indian laborers brought to sugar plantations, with 2.5% mostly in the province of KwaZulu-Natal and now even more so in the Pretoria-Johannesburg region of Gauteng Province.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The number of people who fail to report their racial category is 0.5%.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[59] The largest black peoples are the Zulus (21%), Xhosas (17%) and Sothos (15%).


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[60] Although the period of racial segregation in the country ended in the early 1990s, it has left a strong mark on the population of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Work and income, as well as the ethnic structure of the population and neighbourhoods, still largely follow apartheid boundaries.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[61] Population of South Africa in the provinces 2011 Country- and immigration Although South Africa limits the number of migrants to be admitted to the country to secure employment for its own, especially less-skilled citizens, there has been a steady increase in migration to the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 2003, 10,500 people moved to the country, representing a 39% increase from the previous year.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The largest migrant groups were Nigerians and Britons.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[62] In addition to official migration, South Africa is estimated to have between 2 and 8 million illegal migrants.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The main cause of illegal migration is economic growth faster than the surrounding areas of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Illegal migrants arrive in South Africa, particularly from Mozambique, Lesotho, Angola and Zimbabwe.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The phenomenon has also been intensified by civil wars in Mozambique and Angola, which have resulted in millions of people becoming refugees.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Illegal migration has hampered the country's government's efforts to improve the living conditions of its citizens.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The emigrants have also made the country's AIDS situation more difficult and increased crime.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[63] Many South Africans have also ended up moving abroad.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

There are no reliable statistics on immigration from South Africa, but according to about one calculation, 800,000 whites out of 4 million have moved out of South Africa since 1995.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

It has been speculated that a greater proportion of those leaving would be Britons, many of whom have dual UK-South African citizenship than Afrikaaners.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[64] Blacks, people of color and Indian are also willing to leave.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 12 years, the number of black university graduates has increased from 361000 to 1.4 million a year and at the same time the number of people willing to move out of the country has doubled.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The main driver of emigration, particularly in the white population, which still owns the vast majority of the country's wealth, is crime.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[65] A key factor of emigration is also the higher level of income offered to the educated workforce in Europe and North America.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[62] Large waves of emigration also occurred in 1977 and 1986.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The largest number of people have moved to Great Britain.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

This trend, called the brain drain, has been perceived as a problem because, for example, nearly 17,000 highly skilled people have moved out of the country, which is about 1% of the country's entire tech workforce.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[62] Religions The vast majority of South Africans are Christians.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The largest Christian church is the Christians of Zion (), which comprises 11.1% of the population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Christendom of Zion is a South African, particularly Zulus and Swazi favoured Protestant Christian church, with its roots in missionary work and which drew much influence from the American Christian Catholic Apostolic Church in the early stages.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Characteristic features of the church are miracle healing and the charismatic gift of speaking in tongues.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[59] [67] Pentecostal congregations comprise 8.2%, the Catholic Church 7.1%, and Methodists 6.8%.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The main religion of Afrikaaners is the Reformed Church.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

So-called Afrikaaner churches include the Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk, the Nederduitse Hervormde Kerk and the Gereformeerde Kerk.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[68] The Anglican Church comprises 3.8% and the other Christian communities comprise 36% of the population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

There are 1.5% Muslims and 15.1% not belonging to any organised religion.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[59] Most of these practice traditional African religions, for which a common trait is ancestral veneration.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Many people also associate Christian and traditions of traditional religions.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[69] An important theological movement that emerged from South African Christianity is black theology similar to the theology of liberation in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

It originated in the mid-1970s as a response to apartheid and dialogue with its Hispanic paragon.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Contextual theology emphasizes biblical thematics of justice and its main representatives are the churches of blacks and people of color in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The movement was particularly powerful during the apartheid regime, but has also had an impact since 1994.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[70] The Constitution of South Africa guarantees freedom of religion, and the right is also generally carried out in practice.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

There is no official state religion in the country, although Christians are the largest religious group in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

People in key positions in the administration belong to several different religions such as Christianity, Islam or Judaism.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Interfaith relations in the country are also generally good, with official and informal ecumenical links between different denominations in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The largest ecumenical organisation is the Council of Churches in South Africa (), which includes Methodists, Anglicans and various Lutheran and Presbyterian churches, among others.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[69] Languages English is the main language of commerce, science, technology and higher education in the country and also the main language of communication that crosses different language groups, as it is generally considered to be a “colourless” and neutral lingua franca.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[71] It is estimated that 45% of the country's population can speak English.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[72] The country's constitution guarantees equal status for 11 official languages.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The official languages are Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Xhosa, Zulu, North Sotho, sesotho, tswana, swati, venda and tsonga.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's constitution also mentions the Khoi and Nama languages spoken in the country by the indigenous Khoisans, sign language, Arabic, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindi, Portuguese, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In addition to these, a few pidgin and creole languages are spoken in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[72] The official languages of the country have influenced each other significantly and English spoken in South Africa, for example, contains a lot of words and sayings from Afrikaans, Zulu, Nama and other African languages.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

People who speak African languages also use numerous English and Afrikaans words in their speech, as evidenced by the following sample of Zulu recorded from Soweto (Afrikaans words in bold, English in italics): [72] Afrikaans is a language developed from Dutch that sometimes also referred to as die Taal ().


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[73] Afrikaans was originally called Kapmaan Dutch, but with the advent of Afrikaaner nationalism, it was declared in 1925 alongside English as the official language of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

During the apartheid regime, the government actively sought to increase its use in the country and its introduction as the second language of instruction in schools led to the 1976 Soweto riots.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Afrikaans are spoken, as a rule, by Afrikaaners, people of colour and part of the black population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The vast majority of native speakers of the language are no longer of European background.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[72] The Parliament of the country is allowed to use any of the 11 official languages and have an interpreter service; although some of the official languages are at least partially mutually intelligible.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In several contexts, the state adheres to the so-called six-language policy, combining Xhosa, Zulu, swati and ndebele with the nguni group, tswana and sestotho and northern sotho again into the sotho group.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In accordance with this, official government documents are required to be translated into English, Afrikaans, Tsonga, Venda, as well as one Sotho group and one language belonging to the Nguni group.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[74] Health South Africa's health care system consists of a large public and smaller but rapidly growing private sector.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Primary health care is provided free of charge by the state, which, however, is underresourced and manpower.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Private companies producing health services, as a rule, serve the middle and upper classes of the country, a large proportion of which have private health insurance (18% of the population), as well as foreigners seeking top-notch services at reasonable rates.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The majority of health professionals in the country (73%) work in the private sector.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The state accounted for 49% of total health expenditure in 2011, which provided services for about 85% of the population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[75] Prior to 1994, racial segregation existed in the country's health system, with different racial groups having their own hospitals.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Most of the hospitals were located in areas of white people, and the government did not actually seek to provide health care services to the majority of the population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Over the past few decades, the health care system has been reformed to make it more equal and serve those in need.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[75] As a result of policy decisions following 1994, South Africa's infant mortality rate has halved.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Vaccination programmes and health care have increased to 45% of the state budget and, for example, already 85% of children are vaccinated against polio and measles.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[61] Basic services have been improved over the past decade by building a water supply network and bringing electricity to more and more homes.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Clean water and sewerage are in short supply, especially in poor neighbourhoods, but efforts are being seen to improve the situation.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Hardworking civil engineering has brought clean water to more than 10 million people in less than ten years.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Toilets are also being used by a growing number of households.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[76] AIDS AIDS and other poverty-related diseases, such as tuberculosis and cholera, strain the country's health system and make it difficult to improve the overall health status of the country's population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

By far the biggest problem in the country's health is AIDS, from which six million South Africans are estimated to die in the next ten years.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Some 5.4 million South Africans were HIV positive in 2011, according to a study by the Department of Health.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

This equates to more than 10% of the population and about one-fifth of women of childbearing age.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The government and numerous organizations have worked to improve the situation by informing and providing health and social services as well as financial assistance to AIDS victims.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The AIDS epidemic has also exacerbated the country's TB situation because HIV-positive people are more sensitive to TB infections than the rest of the population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[75] The HIV treatment programme in South Africa has received a lot of criticism as it has the highest rate of HIV infections in the world.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The government of the country was initially negative about giving antiretroviral medication to HIV-positive people, and there resorted to belief medicine such as herbal treatments.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Drug treatment was only started in 2004 under pressure from NGOs.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Even after 2004, medication adoption has been slow, with only 33% of carriers of the virus receiving medication in 2006.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's former president Thabo Mbeki, who has been seen as citing poverty rather than HIV as the cause of AIDS, has come under particular criticism, and who has held talks with several dissidents denying the link between HIV and AIDS.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[77] [78] South Africa has the largest ARV program in the world.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 2011, 1.7 million South Africans received ARV medication.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[75] Traffic in South Africa is left-hand traffic.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's transport infrastructure is of a high standard and many southern African countries use it to their advantage in their foreign trade.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Transnet Limited, a public transport company, plays a key role in the country's transportation market.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

It handles 180 million tonnes of train and 2.1 million tonnes of road cargo annually.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[79] Minibus taxis are an important form of public transport.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's more than 127000 minibus taxis carry out 65% of intra-urban passenger traffic and a significant proportion of rural and inter-urban journeys as well.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[79] The country has a total of 20638km of railways, of which 20324 of broad gauge (1,067 m gauge) and 341km of narrow-gauge (0.61 m).


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Of the railways, much of it is electrified.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[80] Johannesburg Airport is a hub for air traffic throughout southern Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

South African Airways is the largest airline in all of Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

It has 503 different flight destinations.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[81] Crime Crime began to increase in South Africa in the mid-1980s, with growth intensifying in the early 1990s.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Especially much in the country there is an increase in violent crime.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Crime does not touch all South Africans in the same way.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The highest risk of becoming a victim of violent crime lies with young and poor townships residents.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

According to official statistics, there are about 50 murders a day occurring in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 2008, 18,000 homicides were reported.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[82] On the other hand, a larger proportion of victims of property crimes are middle-aged, affluent suburban residents.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[83] Based on a comparison made by the UN, South Africa has the highest rate of rape and murder by firearm, relative to population.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[84] Farm attacks A common form of violent crime in rural areas is farm attacks, which increased between 1991 and 2001 but has since levelled or declined.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Attacks on white ranchers have been suggested to have, at least in part, racist motives.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[85] However, according to a study by a committee set by the South African Ministry of Justice in 2003, the majority of cases had no political influence whatsoever and no organised crime could be found in the background, some land takeover cases apart from.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[86] An estimated 2500-3000 persons have died in attacks to date [82] [87] Sexual offences of any country in the world South Africa has the highest number of rapes per capita [88].


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

One in four South African men confesses to being a rapist


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In a survey conducted among schoolchildren, a quarter of boys cited gang rape as being nice.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[89] In a survey conducted by CIET Africa in 1999, one third of respondents said they had been raped in the past year.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[89] There is a belief in South Africa that rape is a manly act.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[90] Many different explanations have been put forward for the causes of crime for the widespread violent crime in South Africa.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Broad policy change has been seen in many countries to increase crime.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

During the democratization process, the instruments of social control in the country changed, and at the same time new opportunities for criminal activity opened up.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In South Africa, the reorganisation of the judiciary also temporarily undermined its ability to operate.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Explanations for violent crime have also been sought in the country's violent political history.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

South African families were exposed for decades to “institutional violence” due to forced displacement and migrant worker policies by the apartheid regime, which led to the deterioration of family ties.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

A study by the South African group The Nedcor Project on Crime, Violence and Investment considers that years of political violence and the exposure of people to violence in their homes and neighbourhoods has created a “culture of violence” in the country where South Africans easily resort to violence conflict situations.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

South Africa also has a large number of firearms smuggled into the country from nearby areas where there is an oversupply of weapons.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Other factors contributing to crime include the country's young population and rapid urbanisation.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[83] Economy South Africa is by far the most developed economy in the whole of Africa, which has also grown rapidly since 1994.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The main industry sector of the country is mining and other key ones are manufacturing, gas and oil and chemical industries as well as agriculture and tourism.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In recent years, the country's textile industry, as well as banking and financial sectors, have grown rapidly.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Industry is particularly concentrated in the Gauteng region, where most of the country's mines are located.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country has strong fiscal and industrial infrastructure with significant growth potential.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

During apartheid, severe socio-economic inequality arose in the country, which continues to manifest itself in factors such as high unemployment, widespread poverty and crime.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Unemployment has created a sizeable black economy in the country, which is a challenge to the country's economic development.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[91] Although South Africa's economy is highly developed in many respects, the isolation during apartheid has left significant marks on it.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[92] During Mandela's presidency, the country's government invested in opening up the South African economy.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The ANC created a new economic policy programme GEAR () based on market-driven economic policies.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[92] Since 1994, South Africa has sought to make itself attractive to foreign investment and it offers insentives for both foreign and domestic investment to all sectors of industry.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[91] The country's economy is undergoing a major transformation, with companies integrating into the international economy and a significant increase in foreign investment.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[92] In the past ten years, the South African rand (ZAR) has lost almost half of its value compared to major currencies, although efforts were made to maintain the value of money through high interest rates and inflation fell during that time.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Suspicions of international currency speculators have been caused by the depreciation of the currency, with some market analysts suggesting the currency is 15-20% undervalued.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The low rand value has helped the country's tourism and mining industries.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 2005, credit rating agency Moody's Investors Service raised the country's rating to Baa1, citing the country's improving foreign exchange reserves and rapid economic growth.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[93] In 2014, one euro received 14 rand and about 10 dollars.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[94] South Africa's unemployment rate in 2013 is around 25%.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[36] Social and unemployment protection are almost non-existent.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[61] Agriculture Agriculture accounts for 4% of the country's GDP.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The main agricultural area is livestock farming, and only 13% of the land area is in crop use.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The main crops are corn, wheat, oats, sugarcane and sunflower.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's government is working to develop small farming to create jobs.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The main agricultural export products are citrus fruits, wine and flowers.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[91] During apartheid, black land ownership was limited to only 13% of the land area.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

A major land reform has begun in the country because most of the farmland is still owned by whites.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The average size of white-owned farms is 1300 hectares, compared to just 5.2 for black farms.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[95] Until now, the reform has only been carried out with the help of willing sellers and buyers, but the authorities have indicated that extensive expropriations are also possible.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Land reform aims to transfer 30% of farmland to black South Africans by 2014.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[2] After the end of economic sanctions, exports of South African wine began to grow and in 2000 already 139 million litres of wine were exported from the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The most popular white wine grapes are chenin blanc, colombard and chardonnay and red wine grapes cabernet sauvignon, pinotage and shiraz.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The share of red wine is increasing, white wine previously made up 85%, in 2000 2/3 of production.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[96] In 2005, the percentage of white was no longer 55%.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[97] ICT South Africa invests heavily in ICT.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the great country, distances are long.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In marginalized areas, the internet and mobile phone are important tools of commerce.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In 2010, the mobile phone was used by 76% of the population, or about 28 million people.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Internet users were estimated at 8.5 million at the end of 2011, with the ten million limit predicted to be broken within 2012.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The state aims to have broadband access to the whole country by 2020.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[98] South Africa aims to promote development through ICT as it is also seen to improve equality.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

People in the peripheral region have access to the same information as city dwellers.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Communication technology also promotes commerce and can therefore create new jobs as well.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

At the same time, freedom of opinion is growing, people are able to publish their own thoughts online and have access to diverse material.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[99] Culture The culture of South Africa reflects the multi-ethnic and -cultural character of the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The country's rapid urbanization and drive for the eradication of traditional cultures during apartheid has led to traditional life forms disappearing, even though the traditional cultures of blacks still remain strong in rural areas.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Afrikaaner culture developed during the 19th century in self-isolation from the liberal and democratic ethical tendencies of the era.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In rural areas, the Afrikaaner life form often still centers around conservative Reformed churches.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

After Afrikaaners, the vast majority of the country's white population is of British origin.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Britons live predominantly in cities and still dominate the country's business community.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[100] In the new South Africa that emerged after 1994, the creation of a new national character and culture is still underway.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[100] Music in South Africa's musical tradition combines the native ingredients of the country with influences from outside.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Influenced by 19th-century missionary work and American negrospirituals, the country also emerged with its own gospel tradition, which is still vibrant and is one of the most popular musical forms in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The choral tradition of spiritual music also blended African influences.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The most famous representative of this style called isicathamiya is Ladysmith Black Mambazo, known in the West.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[101] In the early 20th century, the urbanisation of black South Africans into mining centres on the Witwatersrand gave rise to new forms of music such as marabi and mbaqanga, whose influence can still be seen in the country's jazz music.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The core area of Mbaqanga was notably the township of Sophiatown in Johannesburg.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[101] Senzeni na Senzeni na senzeni na x 3 Senzeni na kulomhlaba?


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Amabhulu azizinja.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

x 4 Kuyisono 'kubamnyama.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

x 3 Kuyisono kulelizwe.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

What have we done, what have we done?


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

x 3 What have we done in this country?


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Boers are dogs.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

x 4 It is a sin to be black.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

x 3 It is a sin in this country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

By the mid-1950s, progressive jazz musicians in Sophiatown had founded the Sophiatown Modern Jazz Club, making famous a new generation of jazz such as Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The Jazz Epistles, the country's first bebop band, also emerged from the club's circle, whose members included Hugh Masekela.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

With his distinctive jazz style, an international career was also created by Abdullah Ibrahim (originally Dollar Brand), who combined Duke Ellington's rich orchestration with the avant-garde jazz trends of the 1960s.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[101] During the struggle against apartheid, music emerged as one key element as blacks joined together to oppose the regime it considered unjust in the country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The importance of music to the anti-apartheid movement was so great that South African jazz musician Abdullah Ibrahim has called the country's revolution the only one “accomplished with four-tone harmony.”


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[102] The most famous of the movement's songs is Senzeni Na (), likened to the song We Shall Overcome by South African musician Vusi Mahlasela of the US civil rights movement.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

[103] In the 1960s, rock and pop bands of white musicians also began to emerge in the country, performing for a white audience in a racially segregated country.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

Conservative circles in the country protested vigorously against the new form of music.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

In the late 1970s, the British-born punk movement arrived in South Africa and became popular, particularly in the poor white-populated suburbs of Johannesburg.


Question: What is the largest city in South Africa?

South Africa

The bands that emerged within the movement criticized the commercialism of the music industry and the white repressive regime in the country.