Question: What happened after the Great French Revolution?

Great French Revolution

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Question: What happened after the Great French Revolution?

Great French Revolution

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Question: What happened after the Great French Revolution?

Great French Revolution

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The Battle of Raattee Road was fought in the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union in early 1940 as part of the Battle of Suomussalmi.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

On 7 December, the Soviet 163rd Division had captured Suomussalmi and 44th Division was coming to its aid.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

In the ensuing battle, the 9th Division, led by Colonel Hjalmar Siilasvuo, destroyed the 44th Division, or the so-called Blue Division, on the Raattee road leading to Suomussalmi.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The goal of the Soviet forces was to reach Oulu and cut off Finland in the middle.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

In this case, the fighting in the north would have been resolved easily and the troops could have concentrated on capturing southern Finland.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Finland would also have lost the land border to Sweden and Norway.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Passage of battles The Battle of the road to Tausta Raattee began in early January 1940.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Even before that, on 28 December, the 9th Division, led by Hjalmar Siilasvuo, had forced the Soviet 163rd Division to hand over the burned church-village area of Suomussalmi back to the Finns.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The main elements of the division retreated along the ice of Lake Kianta to Juntus shore, from where they had begun the attack.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

According to the Finnish wartime estimate, that division lost nearly a third of its strength when fallen, about 6000 soldiers.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

It had already been clear to the 9th Division HQ in late December that an entire Soviet division was advancing in the direction of the road to Raattee (44 of the Red Army.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

division).


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[1] Frequent strikes by the Finns on the backs of Soviet troops had damaged the battle morale of the Red Armies and caused outright “Finnish terror”.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Among other things, Soviet sources report that an entire Soviet battalion would have left their position without firing a shot after hearing the sounds of skiing from their vicinity.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

A retrospective survey near the stations (=half a kilometer) had not found any tracks made by the Finns.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The 44th Division of the Red Army was basically among the most combat-capable groups in the Soviet Union.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Among other things, it had participated in the occupation of the eastern parts of Poland initiated by the Soviet Union on 17 September 1939.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Already at that time disciplinary problems had arisen in the division, and during the transition to the anti-Finnish front, 69 soldiers deserted from the division.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

According to the division's own internal intelligence organization, the soldiers' moods were poor and the crew spoke openly among themselves about their unwillingness to fight the Finns.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[2] On 1 January, the Finnish forces began the preparations required for the order received from the Northern Finland Group (destruction of the 44th Red Army Division) at the same time that some of the troops were still in the Suomussalmi area in the area of Suomussalmi in the so-called terrain cleansing missions.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The Isthmus between Lake Dry and Kuoma was transferred to the Isthmus of Infantry Regiment 27 (II/JR 27), which assumed frontal responsibility in the same area, detaching, among other things, the forces of SiSiP 1 initially as a divisional reserve.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

However, the said battalion received an offensive order on the last day of the year that it was to advance through the south, circling the village of Haukila on the road leading east from the back of Soviet troops fighting on Kuomasjoki.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

On 1 January 1940, the battalion was moving into offensive positions and at the same time gained contact with Red Army troops (who, according to their mission, would have to rotate through the south to the backs of Finnish troops).


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

As a result of the four-hour battle, the Finns were able to push the opposing Soviet battalion backwards, but the Finnish attack stalled in front of the armed positions of the Red Army after about a kilometre advanced.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

During the day, all forces concentrated in the area were subjugated to Colonel Siilasvou, who, with the support of his staff, drew up his own plan of attack.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The original plan based on bipedal (from south and north) blockade was abandoned and it was decided to carry out the attack only with blockades from the south direction.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

During the day, the Finns began their first attacks with their forces circulating through the south and continued construction work on the road lines already begun, increased their reconnaissance in the direction of the Soviet forces, as well as beginning their march to the commanded starting positions.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[3] During the day, the Finns JR 27 launched their attack from the flank of Soviet troops south of Kuivasjärvi, seeking to cut the road to Raatteese in Haukila.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

I/JR 27 managed to advance the Soviet forces without detecting them just off the road to Raattee at dusk.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The battalion managed to surprise the Red Army artillery position, destroying its crew a couple of kilometres east of the village of Haukila.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

At the same time, the battalion managed to destroy the car column heading towards the east.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The road to Raattee was not directly cut off due to countermeasures by Soviet forces, but the Finns managed to prevent the road line from being used by their own fire.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[4] On 2 January, counterattacks by Soviet forces against the troops of JR 27 advancing off the road to Raattee began from east as well as west.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

However, with the help of the breach built by the pioneers and the pst cannon to the Finnish positions, the Finns were able to hold their ground.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The pst cannon, which arrived on the scene, managed to take out 8 Red Army tanks shortly after coming into position.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

However, the continuation of JR 27's attack was not successful.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The forces of SisSiP 1 involved in the attempted attack failed in their attack and dispersed, so said battalion had to be withdrawn to be reorganized and given rest.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

During the same day, Infantry Regiment 64 moved to Vuokinranta about 15 kilometres behind the front line further north via the south.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Department Kari (among others ERP 15 and IV/KT-PR) moved to the Rentalkiniemen-Lehtoniemi area just under ten kilometres behind the isthmus between Kuiva and Kuomasjärvi to the south of the grouping Vuokkijärvi.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The displacement took place thanks to the snowtail of the duck, causing disturbance mainly along completed temporary roads.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[5] 3rd-4th


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

January The next two days, along with combat operations, the Finns spent concentrating additional forces.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The Finns managed to press the troops of the Soviet division from the south closer to the forests of the road leading to Raattee.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Among other things, the IV/KT-PR, with its attack on 4 January at Eskola (a few kilometres south of the road to Raattee), was able to beat the strong defensive centre of the Soviet forces, obtaining, among other things, two field guns and four IT machine guns as spoils of war.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[6] Before the main offensive, which began on 5 January 1940, Finnish troops carried out strikes on one narrow road against the flanks of the supercharged division.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Finnish troops were mostly moved on nighttime ski marches along the ice and forests of the lakes to enemy flanks.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The division was divided into four groups named after their commanders: Group Fagernäs: JR 64 (except I/JR 64) commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Uno Fagernäs Group Kari: ERP 15, IV/KT-PR and I/JR 64 commanded by Major Kaarlo Kari Group Mäkiniemi: JR 27 and SP 1 as commander Lieutenant Colonel August Mäkiniemi Group Mandelin: JR 65 (except I/JR 65), Company Simola, KeVos Volanen and TO 1 commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Karl Mandel on 5 January, the Finns had completed their preparations for the offensive.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

In accordance with the plan, a total of six battalions were attacked in the Haukila area, three in the Eskola area and one battalion in the direction of Likoharju.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Natural conditions were harsh as the frost tightened to almost 30 degrees and there was a snow cover of about 40 centimetres on the ground.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[7] During the day, the main elements of the division's offensive forces in the Haukila area did not achieve any significant terrain victories, but the position of the Red Army JR 25, which was at the head of the Soviet division, became depressed all the time and in the evening the Finns received their first prisoners.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Detachment Kari began its own attack towards the village of the Pacific four kilometres behind the front line, but the attack did not yield any result during the day, mainly due to the lack of pst guns.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Advanced in the direction of Likoharju (about 15 kilometres behind the front line), II/JR 64 reached just off the road to Raattee but could not get it cut off yet.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Also I/JR 64 could not yet cut the road to Raattee ten kilometres behind the front line (north of Eskola) after first having to attack through two positions equipped by Soviet troops.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[8] On the morning of 6 January, on the morning of 6 January, attacks by JR 65 forces against the village of Haukila from the north did not yield results, but at noon Soviet troops were found to be aiming for the Finnish front through gaps created in the attack towards the east.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[9] Red Army 44.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The division commander, Brigadier General Alexei Vinogradov, had taken the decision to withdraw his division eastwards, as he felt the conditions for continuing fighting no longer existed after the Finns practically severed supply links with Soviet troops.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The official decision to withdraw the entire division was made late in the afternoon.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The objective was initially to involve or destroy the entire fleet of the division.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[10] The fighting capability of the Finnish troops of JR 27 attacking from the south towards the village of Haukila was found to have already fallen during the weeks of fighting, and the attack started in the morning was already unsuccessful.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

By half a day, however, it was still decided to continue the offensive, as the first information about the withdrawal initiated by Soviet forces was received from Finnish forces fighting further north.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

During the afternoon and evening, the troops of JR 27 made a hard way, fighting ahead, reaching the road to Raattee, which was now finally cut off.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[11] On 7 January 7, the troops of JR 27 took control without difficulty of the section of the road leading from Haukila to Lauttalammi.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

At the same time, the Finns took a very significant amount of war booty and another thousand prisoners of war.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

At other points of takeover of the road to Raattee, Finnish troops still kept the road cut off, so Soviet troops were forced to withdraw from the area through the northern forests, circling as the Finns pursued them.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[12] A group of Fagernäs captured the Puras River bridge, and by the morning almost all Soviets resistance had ceased.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

He's 44.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The commander of the division, General Vinogradov, was not toppled in the motto battles.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Angered by the heavy losses experienced by the Red Army in Suomussalmi, the Soviet war-command sent an investigation team to the scene, with the decision of which Vinogradov was executed on the ice of Lake Vasajärvi in front of the confessions of his troops.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

According to experts, the battles on the road to Raattee are an excellent example of how the blockade tactics used by the Finns work.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The most important thing was disconnecting the service connection.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Thereafter, the enemy was tied up in small battles and chopped to pieces by attacks from topping troops.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Forcefully equipped with armour and cannons, the Finns struck 44.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The division almost without its own artillery.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Soviet troops relied on their own vehicles, which, after all, proved unworthy on narrow roads against snow-clad skiers.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The ability of the Finns to move through dart-free terrain, thick snow, night and day and, if necessary, circadian traffic, as well as experience in sub-zero temperatures, were the decisive reasons for the loss of an enemy completely superior to its male figure and especially heavy armament.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The light T-26 tanks brought to Raattee by the Red Army were very weakly capable of penetrating the stiff-wooded snowy forest.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

They were tied to the road and, as the infantry fell from around, eventually helpless in the road equipment congestion.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

It too explains the strikingly small male losses of the Finns (about 500 fallen) compared to 44.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

To the almost complete destruction of the crews of the division's two regiments.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The defeat of the Soviets was also affected by poor equipping for frost weather.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Some of the Red Army soldiers died in the cold on the road to Raattee.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

In addition, the food and feed situation of the Red Army was quite poor in the final stages of the fighting.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The daily ration could only be two rusks per man.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The outcome of the battle The battles on the road to Raattee ended with a significant victory achieved by the Finns.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

For the Finns, the threat of cutting the kingdom in half had been averted.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[13] The Finns received as spoils of war among others [14]: 4822 rifles 190 sprint rifles 106 machine guns 29 anti-tank guns 71 field and anti-aircraft guns 43 assault cars 10 armoured cars 16 anti-aircraft machine guns 1170 horses 260 trucks 20 tractors 15 motorcycles 47 field kitchens 2 passenger cars In addition to this, the Finns took about 1200 prisoners of war from the combat zone.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

According to Soviet sources, the destruction of the 44th Division of the Red Army was not as complete as mentioned in Finnish sources.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

The division's crew losses were 1001 fallen, 1430 wounded and 2243 missing, according to Soviet sources.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

[15] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kulju, Mika| title = Road of the Rattee.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

Winter War| location = Helsinki| publisher = Thought | year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-951-20-7218-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rautala, Ari| title = Our Wars| publisher = Gummerus| year = 2004| id = ISBN 1-20-5995-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Department of Military Science| title = History of Winter War| location = Porvoo| publisher = Werner Söderström Limited Liability Company| year = 1991| id = ISBN 951-0-17565-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Karttimo, Leo & Salminen, K. E.| title = From the coast Raatteentielle| publisher = Karttimo-Salminen cooperative group| year = 1992| id = ISBN 952-90-3809-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Siilasvuo, Hjalmar| title = Suomussalmi Battles| publisher = Otava| year = 1940}} Citation error, replace with {cite book| | author = Ari Ruin - Yuri Kilin| title = Winter War Battles| location = Keuruu| publisher = Suomen Sotakirjuri Oy ja AffectoGeniMap Finland Oy| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-951-593-068-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Middleweight, Teemu| title = Raw road to Raattean.


Question: When was the war of the Winter War so called. Battle of Suomussalmi?

Battle of the Road of Raate

History of the people of Great Struggle| location = Helsinki| publisher = Siltala| year = 2012| id = ISBN 978-952-234-135-8}} References on the topic elsewhere reading sample from Mika Kulju: Raatteentie - The Northern Heroine of the Winter War, Thought Books 2007, ISBN 978-951-20-7218-7 Category:Winter War battles Class:1940 Category:Suomussalmi Category:Key articles of screening Category:History of Kainuu


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenes the Sinopean, or “Diogenes the Dog” (most often just Diogenes,) (412 BCE.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

— 323 BC)


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

was a Greek philosopher.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He represented a school of cynics.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He can be considered the actual founder of the school after Antisthene.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Life Diogenes was born in Sinope and died in Corinth, according to Diogenes Laertios on the same day as Alexander the Great died in Babylon.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenee's father was a banker.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He and Diogenes were expelled from Sinope on charges of forging money or “minting a new stamp on coins”, as the indictment read.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

It may be that they are in fact merely seeking to corrupt already counterfeit coins so that they cannot be used, thus increasing the value of the genuine coins.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Because of this, Diogenes left for Athens.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He became charmed by Antisthene's ascetic teaching and became her pupil despite the brutal reception he received.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He soon overtook his master in both fame and the ruggedness of life.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

The stories told about him describe his own way of life as having fully matched his teachings.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Among other things, he carted himself against variations in the weather by living in a vat or barrel that belonged to the Temple of Kybele, as legends usually put it.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Since wooden barrels were not yet known in Greece at that time, Diogenes probably lived, according to the original narrative, in a large clay pot (a decommissioned storage amphora).


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenee was hijacked by pirates while he was en route to Aigina.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

She was sold in Crete as a slave to a Corinthian named Kseniades.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

When asked about his profession, he said that the only profession he knows is controlling people, and that he would hope to become a sellout to a man in need of a master.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He was allowed to teach Kseniadee's two sons.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He lived in Corinth for the rest of his life, and spent it entirely preaching virtuous self-control.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogene is reported to have had such good talker gifts that he easily beat anyone in the debate.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

At the Isthmian Games, he lectured to a large number of people who switched from Antisthene pupils to his students.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He met Alexander the Great likely at some of these Games.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

According to the story, Alexander was thrilled to meet a face-to-face philosopher living in a barrel.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

So he asked if he could do Diogene any favour.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenes replied that he could not stand before the sun.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Alexander replied, “If I were not Alexander, I would be Diogenes”.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

According to another story, Alexander would have met Diogenee rummaging through a pile of human bones.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenes explained, “I am looking for the bones of your father, but I cannot distinguish them from the bones of a slave”.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Both in antiquity and today, the figure of Diogenee has been attractive to sculptors and painters.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Statues of him made during antiquity exist in the Vatican, the Louvre and the Capitol, among others.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

The conversation between Diogenee and Alexander the Great is depicted on an old marble relief in Villa Alban.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Rubens, Jordaens, Steen, Van der Werff, Jeaurat, Salvator Rosa and Karel Dujardin have all painted various scenes from his life.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

There are several accounts of the death of Diogenee.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

On many occasions he is reported to have held his breath, become ill after eating raw octopus or suffering a bite from a sick dog.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Asked how he would like to be buried, he gave instructions to throw outside the city so wild animals could gut his body.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

When asked if he wouldn't mind him, he replied, “I don't, as long as you leave me a stick to take away the animals!”


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

When asked how he could use a stick because he would be without consciousness, he replied “If I'm without consciousness, why then would I care what happens to me when I'm dead?”


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

The Corinthians are reported to have erected a pillar in his memory with a marble dog at the end.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Philosophy For Diogenee, virtue consisted in avoiding all physical pleasure.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Pain and hunger helped positively in the pursuit of goodness.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Moral life means a return to nature and simplicity.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

In his words, “humans have made all gifts of gods complex.”


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogene has been honoured for going to extremes in all obscenity in his pursuit of goodness.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenes Laertios says he, among other things, considered stealing from the temple and eating the flesh of any animal, even human flesh, acceptable.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

He also used to do everything possible in public and while in the middle of the market, for example, eat raw meat or masturbate.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

However, his reputation has suffered due to the immorality of some of his followers.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenes is the first known person known to have thought and said that he is a citizen of the entire world, rather than just being a citizen of some city or state.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Diogenee felt that useless and unnecessary sciences and arts were not worth pursuing.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Such included astronomy, mathematics, geometry, and music.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

The philosophy of cynics therefore focused almost purely on ethical teaching.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

The so-called Letters of the Cynics include 51 letters placed in Diogene's name, but they are untrue.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Diogenes Laertios| title = Lives and lessons of prominent philosophers | publisher = Helsinki: Publishing Company Summa| year = 2003| version = Finnish translation and explanations Marke Ahonen| isbn = 952-5418-07-3| page = 205-224 (VI.2), 514| —521}} Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Heikkinen, Simo| title = Diogenes| location = Joensuu| publisher = Ilias| year = 2011| id = ISBN 978-952-5679-59-5}} On the topic elsewhere Diogenes Laertios: Lives and lessons of prominent philosophers: Transclusion error: {{} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Where was Diogenes born?

Diogenes Sinopean

(in Greek) Category:Cynics Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Johan Richard Danielson-Kalmari (until 1906 Danielson, 7 May 1853 in Hauho — 23 May 1933 Helsinki) was a Finnish historian, professor, Old Finnish politician and state counsellor.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

He is remembered as a pioneer of the study of Finnish state history, as a defender of autonomy, a politician of acquiescence in the frost years, the “grand old man” of Finnish academic and political life, and as the political doctrinal father of J. K. Paasikivi.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Historian and professor Early stages Johan Richard Danielson's father was chaplain to Hauho and later vicar of Hartola Johan Philip Danielson, whose family originally originated in Småland, Sweden and came to Finland in the second half of the 18th century.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Mother Amanda Lovisa was of well-known Palander lineage.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Danielson initially attended Hämeenlinna Upper Primary School and matriculated from the Finnish elementary school in Jyväskylä in 1870.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

While at university, he initially studied Greek and Roman literature, but soon switched to his major in history.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

For his first historical treatise he wrote A.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

I. Arwidsson.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1876, a licentiate in 1878, and a doctorate in 1880.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] A college career Danielson early adopted a political worldview consistent with Fennomania.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

During his field trips to Germany in 1876—1877 and 1879, he was influenced by his historical-philosophical and socio-political views which made him something of a reformist conservative.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Notable German paragons included the economists Adolph Wagner and Gustav von Schmoller, who advocated the conservative reform line known as catheercialism.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Historian Johann Gustav Droysen again gave Danielson the subject for his licentiate dissertation on Charles XII.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

It was inspected along with a docent's dissertation on the same era in the spring of 1878 and Danielson was named docent of general history at the university.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In the same year he was also appointed lecturer at the Lyceum of Vaasa, but he did not accept the post.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Instead, she worked as a German language teacher at the Swedish Normal Lyseo in Helsinki and as a history teacher at a Finnish girls' school.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] In the fall of 1880, Danielson was elected the first president of the newly recognized student union by decree, after achieving a majority of phennomans.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

At his insistence, the leader of the Radical Wing, Lauri Kivekäs, was bypassed when Suomalainen Nuija, a phennomanic student organization, was setting up a joint list of candidates.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson's tenure at the head of the student union was short lived, as in December of the same year he received a professorship in general history vacated from Zachris Topelius.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The competing applicant for office was Swedish-speaking Magnus Gottfrid Schybergson, who had received the highest number of votes among Swedish speakers in the election for President of the Student Union.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson's appointment as professor was considered (language) political and there had been party strife over the filling of office.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Yrjö Sakari Yrjö-Koskinen, Professor of Finnish History and Head of Phennomanic, who was the opponent, had arranged for Schybergson's dissertation to be rejected and particularly embittered by the procedure was Professor of Art History and Head of Svecomanic C.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

G.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Estlander.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[2] Later Danielson and Schybergson became mired in scientific disputes.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson held the professorship until 1913.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Danielson was also acting curator of Hämäläis-Osakunta 1880—1881 and inspeller 1886—1903, and secretary of the Finnish Historical Society 1883—1884 and supervisor 1885—1886, 1893—1894 and 1912—1913.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In addition, he was president of the National Economic Association in 1903 and in 1906 the founding of the Finnish Academy of Sciences.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Research work Like his political doctrine fathers Yrjö-Koskinen and J. V. Snellman, Danielson's philosophy of history was central to the national emphasis.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

He watched the nation evolve gradually towards the formation of a state.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson emphasized his predecessors more on the importance of popular forces in historical development, as well as advocating more holistic historiography and a clearer emphasis on economic history.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The more radical social history developed by Karl Lamprecht, he no longer wholly accepted.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Danielson, however, did not create a new school of historiography, as time-consuming social tasks and political purposefulness limited his scholarly work.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[3] In the 1880s—1890s, Danielson participated in the defence of Finnish autonomy through historical argumentation, with Swedish-speakers Leo Mechelin and Robert Hermanson taking care of the legal side.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In 1889, the Russian K. F. Ordin had published a historical study aimed at Finns' conceptions of autonomy on the conquest of Finland.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson answered it in 1890 with his own study of the unification of Finland with the Russian Empire.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In it, he defended the interpretation that the de facto state of Finland was established in the Riksdag of Porvoo.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The work was translated into Swedish, Russian, German and English.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson published another 1892 book on the same topic Finnish Independence: Fighting Continuous Attacks, which too was translated into Swedish and Russian.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] [4] The works were aimed at both a domestic audience and the civilisation of the West.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In Finland, it was also hoped that Emperor Alexander III himself would read the book on the unification of Finland with the Russian Empire, but this did not materialize.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In Finland, however, Danielson gained the reputation of almost a national hero thanks to his works.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[5] Political purposefulness and tendency in the selection and interpretation of sources, though, diminished the scientific value of Danielson's studies on the emergence of Finnish autonomy.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[6] The same national theme was joined by Danielson's next works on the restoration of the county of Vyborg to the rest of Finland (1894) and the Finnish war and soldiers in 1808 and 1809 (1896).


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The latter of them was a popular show about the war in Finland, which sought to appeal to the patriotic sentiments of readers and contained plenty of citations from contemporaries letters.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The book was very favourably received in Finland.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[6] Beginning of politician Politician's career Danielson was in 1881 founding the Watcher magazine and serving as its first editor for three years.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] The so-called Watcher Group sought to drive moderate politics somewhere between conservative “old” and radical “young” phennomans.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[7] They saw themselves in the role of intermediary.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Compared to old-knee phennomans, the overseers placed more emphasis on the importance of the individual and were more moderate but socially progressive in the language issue.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] The radical K.P.T group had reservations in the Supervisor's circle and Danielson's relations with Lauri Kivekkänen were completely broken.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

On the other hand, the Supervisor Group also criticised the Swedish-speaking Liberal Party, whose programme was already knocked out by Danielson in the first issue of the Supervisor.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[7] Later, Danielson became entrenched in the Finnish Party, whose program he revised in the early 20th century to make it more progressive on social issues.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Danielson was elected to the priestly enactment of the Riksdag as one of two representatives of the university in 1885, 1888, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1899 and 1900.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

To the Riksdag of 1904 and 1905, he was elected representative of the Diocese of Porvoo.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[8] Danielson was also secretary of the so-called Weissenberg Committee, established between 1885 and 1886 to codify the Finnish constitutions.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] The first period of repression since the repressive period began, Danielson, like Yrjö-Koskinen, advocated a line of acquiescence, which both felt was the only way to come to terms with Russia.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In contrast to Yrjö-Koskinen, Danielson, though, saw the question as more practical and advocated a somewhat more flexible “relative” acquiescence, as he felt that cooperative relations had to be maintained even with the Young Finns who supported constitutionalism.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In a pamphlet he published in 1901 Which Way?


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

he called for state action to increase social equality and improve the status of the lower social classes.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] In the same piece, he also outlined the rationale for a moderate policy of acquiescence towards Russia.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[3] Because of this, Danielson, with the publication of the book, lost most of his previous reputation as a “national hero” in the eyes of constitutionalists, but the work made him a correspondingly more acceptable person to Russians.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[9] After Yrjö-Koskinen died in 1903, Danielson was named the new leader of the Finnish Party.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In the same year he received the title of State Councilor and became Acting Deputy Chancellor of the university due to his constitutional opinions in place of Thiodolf Rhine, who had been forced to resign.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

This marked Danielson even worse as a Finnish acquiescence man.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] However, he was regarded by the university leadership as a lesser evil than the replacement chancellor chosen by Governor-General Bobrikov, who had been the alternative.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[9] In 1904, Danielson was notified, but he never applied for introduction to the House of the Order, as in a constitutionalist dominated nobility it would have been difficult for him to influence in the Reichstag.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[8] In the same year, he was appointed a member of the so-called Tagantsev Committee, which was supposed to accurately define the governmental relations between Finland and Russia and the border drawing between the general national and internal Finnish legislation.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

However, the committee's activities were decided in the fall of 1906


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Danielson was also a member of the Hermanson Committee which prepared parliamentary reform in 1905—1906.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] As the separation of the Rhine was considered one of the wrongs of the repressive period, there were calls in public during the grand strike of 1905, and especially after Danielson's resignation from the post of deputy chancellor.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

However, he delayed his resignation until February 1906, when the Minister of State for Finland and, at the same time, the Acting Chancellor of the University changed.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Following Danielson's resignation, Rein returned to the position.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[10] In a major name change on May 12, 1906, Danielson changed his surname to Danielson-Kalmar.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The squid name came from the name of a house owned by his grandfather in Saarijärvi.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Daniel Filip Danielson, who died in 1851, served as Crown Vouty of Korsholma East and owned a couple of other farms on Saarijärvi.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[11] He had purchased the Kalmar farm in 1819.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[12] For the last years of autonomy, Danielson-Kalmari was from 1907 to 1917 as a Finnish Party MP from the southern constituency of Häme County.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[13] He entered 1908 as a Senator without portfolio in the Hjelt Senate joint between Nuor and Old Finns.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The Young Finns resigned from the Senate as early as the following spring and the Old Finns, who were left in charge alone, experienced electoral defeat.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

As a result, they too decided to resign in the fall of 1909.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The intention was to avoid isolation from other parties in the first period of repression and to be branded pro-Russian.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson-Squid was among the key backers of the line change in the party.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

He now considered the acquiescence line to have failed and saw constitutionality as the only option.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

During the second period of repression, he also took a small position on the constitutionality and passive resistance of the Finnish Party.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Violation of the line espoused by the late Yrjö-Koskinen and his sons led to anti-Danielson-Kalmar attacks within the party, but by 1913 he had old-line supporters ousted from the party.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] In 1917, Danielson-Squid, like other old conservatives, held back the hopes of independence, citing realpolitics.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

After the October Revolution, however, he was in the process of demanding independence for Finland.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Honorary old man after Finland gained independence, Danielson-Kalmari remained sidelined from politics, but took an active position on the issues he experienced as important.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

During the 1918 Statesmanship Controversy, he was pro-King as well as pro-German and toured the country giving pro-monarchy political science presentations.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

During the dispute over the ownership of Åland in 1920, he wrote a history study in which “proved” the island group belonged to Finland.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson-Kalmar's opinions were considered authoritative, though due to their old-ness they were also often ignored.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The civil war permanently changed his worldview to be more right-wing, and he appeared strongly in 1930 as a supporter of the Lapua movement.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Of the parties, he supported the Coalition.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[14] Elevated to something of the nation's “grand old man”, Danielson-Kalmari also served as chancellor of the University of Turku from 1921 to 1926 and was a presidential elector in the 1925 elections.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

He was conferred an honorary Doctor of Philosophy by the University of Turku in 1927.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] He compiled his still exploratory life's work in an 11-volume series of works on Finnish state and social life in the 18th and 19th centuries, which appeared in 1920—1933.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In his final years, Danielson-Kalmari moved to his villa in Vääksy and went blind, but reportedly continued to work until the end.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

His death in 1933 was considered the exit of a remarkable great man.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] J. R. Danielson-Kalmar's spouse since 1878 was Jenny Mathilda Heurlin (1854—1938), daughter of Deputy Judge Nils Heurlin.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

They had three daughters.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] K. N. Rantakari, Party Secretary of the Finnish Party and U.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

L. Lehtonen were Danielson-Kalmar's son-in-law.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] [15] Danielson-Kalmari and his spouse are buried in the new area of Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[16] Significance Danielson-Kalmar had a significant influence on the formation of Finnish political conservatism.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

He adapted the ideas of Snellman and Yrjö-Koskinen to the democratic system of the modern period, adding social reformist features to them.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

J. K. Paasikivi later regarded Danielson-Kalmar as his political doctrine master in terms of his attitude towards Russia and considered Finland's postwar foreign policy to represent the same line of relative acquiescence when applied to the new conditions.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[1] Remembering Danielson-Kalmar was erected in 1954 with a bronze bust carved by Aimo Tukiainen at the beginning of Lahti's Liberty Street.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

In the old research hall of the National Archives in Helsinki, Finland, there is a plaster bust of him made in 1930 by Wäinö Aaltonen.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Danielson-Kalmari bought a villa called Suviniemi in Vääksy in Asikkala in 1892 and spent his summers there until his death.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

The municipality of Askkala purchased the villa from the Danielson-Kalmar heiress in 1986.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Today, the restored Suviniemi is a home museum operated by the municipality.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

[17] [18] Works by Voltaire as author of the history of Charles XII (licentiate dissertation).


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

University of Helsinki, 1878 Zur Geschichte der sächsischen Politik 1706-1709 (docent dissertation).


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

University of Helsinki, 1878 Bidrag till en framställning af Englands socialpolitik och ekonomisk-sociala utveckling under XIII-XVI århundradet (official dissertation).


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

University of Helsinki, 1880 Die nordische Frage in den Jahren 1746-1751: mit einer Darstellung russisch-schwedisch-finnischen Beziehungen 1740-1743.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Helsinki, 1888 Unification of Finland with the Russian Empire: K. Ordin's “The Conquest of Finland”.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

WSOY, Porvoo 1890 Finland's internal independence: To combat constant attacks.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

WSOY, Porvoo 1891 Restoration of Wiipur County to the rest of Finland.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Helsinki 1894 Finnish War and Finnish soldiers in 1808—1809.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Weilin & Göös, Helsinki 1896 on the Newer History of Finland, parts 1—3 (eds.).


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Weilin & Göös, Helsinki 1898—1902 Finnish War vv.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

WSOY, Porvoo 1908 Åland Case vv.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Otava, Helsinki 1920 Finnish state and social life in the 18th and 19th centuries, parts 1—11.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

WSOY, Porvoo 1920—1933 Enactment of the 1819 Monetary Decree.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Finnish Historical Society, Helsinki 1924 From the road to national and state independence: writings and speeches, parts 1—4.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

WSOY, Porvoo 1928—1931 Sources (same text can also be read) Matti Klinge (ed.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

): University of Helsinki 1640—1990: Imperial Alexander University 1808—1917.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Otava, Helsinki 1989.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

References Literature Jukka Tervonen: J. R. Danielson-Kalmari: Historical researcher and teacher.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Finnish Historical Society 1991.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Taimi Torvinen: J. R. Danielson-Kalmari as the defender of Finnish autonomy.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

WSOY 1965.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

On the subject elsewhere J. R. Danielsson-Kalmari: Helsinki 1894.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

Digitized in the collections of the National Library.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

(left U.


Question: When was J. R. Danielson-Squid born?

J. R. Danielson-Squid

L. Lehtonen tomb) ¨ Varola.com Category:Deputy Chancellors of the Imperial Alexander University Category:Deputies Category:Finnish historians Category:Reichstag of the Grand Duchy of Finland Category:Politicians of the Finnish Party Category:Finnish journalists Category:Finnish senators Category:Professors of the Imperial Alexander University Class:Chancellors of the University of Turku Category:People born in 1853 Class:99.3 Representatives of social life Class:Finns professors


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Portuguese Republic (), or Portugal, is a state on the Pyrenees Peninsula, in the south-west of Europe.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

It is the westernmost country in continental Europe.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal borders Spain to the east and north, to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In addition to mainland Portugal, the country has two archipelagos in the Atlantic, the Azores and Madeira.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In addition, the Selvagen Islands are administratively part of Madeira.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Over the course of 3100 years, Portugal has been influenced by several different civilizations.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portuguese culture, history, language and population distribution have left their mark on the Ibers, Tartessos, Celts, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Germans, Egyptians, Semitic peoples and Moors, among others.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The name “Portugal” dates back to the name Portus Cale used by the Romans from the region.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[1] It might be a mixture of Latin and Greek languages and means “beautiful harbour”.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Between the 14th and 16th centuries, Portugal was an important economic, political and cultural center and its empire stretched from Brazil to the Malaka Peninsula.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Portuguese colonial empire was the oldest and most long-lived in Europe.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Its history began in 1415 with the conquest of Ceuta and ended in 1999 with the handover of Macau, a Portuguese colony, to China.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In the 20th century, Portugal, ruled for decades by the Salazar dictatorship, was transformed into a democracy after the Carnation Revolution of 1974.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The country is currently an industrialised country belonging to the European Union.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Geography and nature Location and physical geography Portugal is located in southwestern Europe on the Pyrenees Peninsula.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[2] Its only neighbouring country is Spain, with which the country shares a land border of 1214 kilometres.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal has shoreline to the Atlantic for 1793 kilometres.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal covers an area of 92090km², including the Azores and Madeira belonging to Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Of the area, 620km² is water.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] In the north the country is mountainous, inland there are plains.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

To the south, the land is a rolling plain and extensive farms are located in the area.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[2] Located in the Serra da Estrela Mountains, Torre rises to a height of 1993 metres and is the highest point in mainland Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

However, Portugal's highest point, Ponta do Pico, is located in the Azores and rises to an altitude of 2351 metres.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[4] Madeira's highest mountain, Pico Ruivo, rises to a height of 1862 metres.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[5] In Portugal, Cabo da Roca is the westernmost point in continental Europe.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[6] Ten major rivers flow in Portugal, half of which originate on the Spanish side.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Tagus River is the largest river in the country and divides mainland Portugal in two, separating the mountainous northern part and the plateau southern part from each other.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Minho originates in Spanish Galicia and forms part of Portugal's northern border with Spain at 74 km.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Douro also originates in Spain and flows across Portugal through the city of Porto into the Atlantic.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The main river in the southern part is the Guadiana, which flows from north to south and forms part of the border with Spain.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[2] Climate Climatically in Portugal is influenced by the Atlantic maritime climate, continental climate and Mediterranean climate.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Atlantic climate is most widely distributed.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In the south, the climate is somewhat warmer and drier than in the north.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In Faro on the south coast, August has an average highest temperature of 28.8°C and the rainiest month December rainfall is 94mm, [7] while in Porto in the north, August's highest is 25°C and months when more than 100mm of rain is seven.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[8] The rainiest is in the Serra da Estrela Mountains, where annual rainfall occasionally exceeds 2500mm.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Annual rainfall varies widely from region to region, but on average it is around 920mm in mainland Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Due to their geographical location, the climate of Madeira and the Azores is wetter than the rest of Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Snow is sometimes obtained in mountainous areas of northern Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[9] Extensive wildfires are a problem every year.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

They happen most in the middle of summer, but in dry years, the season can start from January and continue up to November.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[10] Atlantic winter storms intensified by climate change are causing erosion on Portuguese shores.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[11] Vegetation and fauna Portuguese vegetation is a mixture of Atlantic, European and Mediterranean species.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In addition, there are some African species.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

North of the Mondego River, European species predominate while south of it Mediterranean species are in the majority.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[12] In 2010, forests accounted for 35,4% of Portugal's area.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Scrub and grasses accounted for 32% and farmland was 24%.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[13] Summer mixed forest is particularly present in the northern parts of Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The main species in the country's forests are eucalypts, cork oak, and coastal pine, which have been superseded in many places by native oak forests.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] Eucalyptus are a mainland species from 26% of forests.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Both cork oak and coastal pine dominated forests account for 23 per cent.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[15] Eucalyptus plantations have been specially planted with fever wood for the production of papier-mâché.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[16] In the southern parts of Portugal, there is still extensive matorral shrub vegetation in the Alentejo, with the predominant species or cork oaks on farms.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The terrain of the Algarve is dominated by vineyards and, on the other, typical agricultural trees of the Mediterranean region, such as oilwood, real fig, almond and carob.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] Man has changed the vegetation of Madeira and the Azores to be more European.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

However, Madeira also still has native laurisilva forest.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] The fauna of Portugal have mixed European and North African species.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] Wolves exist especially in the more remote regions of Serra da Estrela.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[17] The country lies along the migration route of several Central and Western European bird species.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[18] Turbot and marine probe thrive on sandy bottoms.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[19] Other common fish include sardines, cod and anchovy.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Crustaceans are common especially along the coasts of northern Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

History Early stages The territory of present-day Portugal has been inhabited since the Paleolithic period.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[20] In the first millennium BCE.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Celts arrived in the Iberian Peninsula from Central Europe, who settled in northern and western Portuguese territories around 700 BCE.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[21] Along with the Celtic and Celtic tribes, the territory of present-day Portugal was inhabited before the Roman conquest of the region by peoples who spoke pre-Celtic Indo-European languages, such as the Lusitans.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[22] In 238 BC.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Carthaginians arrived in the Iberian Peninsula.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

They left the area during the Punic Wars.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 219 BC.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Romans arrived in the area, who began their conquest of the southern parts of Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Lusitans of central Portugal responded to Roman rule for decades.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The most famous of those who made the resistance was Viriatus, who eventually fell victim to assassination in 139 BCE.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

After the death of Viriatus, the Romans were able to quickly take over central Portugal and thus the entire Iberian Peninsula.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[23] As a province of the Roman Empire, Portugal became known as Lusitania.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In the 4th century, several Germanic tribes arrived in the area.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[24] The Muslim Moors displaced the Germans at a rapid pace after 711, taking over the entire peninsula.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[25] In five hundred years, the Moors had time to strongly influence the culture and language of Portugal, which has been left, among other things, several words of Arabic origin.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Afonso I defeated the Moors at the Battle of Ourique in 1139.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Once and for all, the Moors were expelled in the reconquista in the 13th century.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[26] Count Vímara Peres ruled in 868 the county of Portucale between the Minho and Douro rivers, with the city of Portucale (present-day Porto) as its centre, which later gave name to the whole country.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The year 868 is sometimes considered to be the early year of Portuguese history.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[26] In 1065, the Kingdom of Galicia and Portugal achieved its first de jure independence under García II.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

However, during the reign of Alfonso VI of Castile, the country in 1072 rejoined Castile and the Kingdom of León.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In the 1090s, the Burgundian knight Henry rose to become Count of Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

He succeeded in unifying the counties of Portucale and Coimbra.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[27] The Kingdom of Portugal is traditionally considered to have arisen on 24 June 1128, when Count Henry's son Alfonso I, or Afonso Henriques, won the Battle of São Mamede.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Alfonso proclaimed himself Prince of the Kingdom of Portugal and in 1139 the first King of Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[28] On 5 October 1143, the representatives of the Holy See finally recognized Portugal as independent at the meeting of Zamora.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Alfonso pursued conquests from the Muslim Moors in the south with the support of the Knights Templar.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Portuguese reconquista was over after the 1249 conquest of the Algarve, and the border with the other kingdoms remained almost unchanged from now on.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 1249, Alfonso III took the title of “King of Portugal and the Algarve” as his first monarch.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[29] Lisbon became the capital of Portugal in 1255.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[30] King Fernando I died in 1383 leaving no male heir.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

His daughter Beatriz married John I of Castile the same year, which meant that Portugal would pass under Castilian rule.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

This was followed by a two-year long period of anarchy in which the country had no actual king.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[31] On 6 April 1384, the Portuguese fought the Battle of Atoleiros against the Castilians, but Portugal failed to gain a decisive victory over Castile.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

At the Battle of Aljubarrota on 14 August 1385, the Portuguese defeated the Castilians for good, allowing Portugal to escape Castilian patronage and the throne ascended to the throne as John I of Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[32] The construction of the Portuguese empire began in 1415 when a Portuguese armada sailed with King John I and his sons Edward, Henry and Alfonso towards Ceuta in North Africa.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Also featured was Nuno Álvares Pereira.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The conquest of a rich Islamic trading city also gave Portugal control of the Strait of Gibraltar.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[33] Knowledge grew due to Henry the Sailor's interest in expeditions and technical advances in shipping.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The expeditions were funded with funds from the Knights Templar after they sought refuge in Portugal due to persecution [34].


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The voyages of discovery mainly targeted India and the west coast of Africa.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 1418, Henry the Sailor's captains João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz Teixeira discovered the island of Porto Santo.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 1419, Zarco came ashore in Madeira.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Most of the Azores islands were discovered between 1427 and 1431.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 1434, Gil Eanes passed Cabo Bojador in Morocco, and from that the Portuguese expeditions in Africa began.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[35] Later, Portuguese caravels discovered the delta of the Gulf of Guinea and the Congo River, and explored the winds and ocean currents of the southern sea areas.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[36] Bartolomeu Dias was the first to tour the Cape of Good Hope in 1487.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Vasco da Gama sailed as the first European to India, arriving in Calicut on 20 May 1498.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

He returned to Portugal the following year.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[37] Pedro Álvares Cabral, in 1500, was the first to sail to the coast of Brazil.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Brazil was soon declared to belong to Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[38] Ten years later Afonso de Albuquerque conquered Goa.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[39] In 1578, the young king Sebastian I was killed at the Battle of Ksar el-Kebir, leaving no heirs.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

As Philip II of Spain was the son of a Portuguese princess, he became ruler of Portugal under the name Philip I in 1580.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[40] Portugal initially retained its own laws, money and government.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

A third Spanish king, Philip III, or Philip IV of Spain, attempted to make Portugal a Spanish province.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Because of this, the Duke of Bragança, a member of the King House of Portugal, was proclaimed King of Portugal on 1 December 1640 under the name of John IV, and a war of succession was fought against Spain.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

As a result, the King of Spain lost the position of King of Portugal and John IV emerged as the new King of Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal lost its colonies when the British took India and Holland Indonesia.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Only the colonists' ferocious defence kept Brazil on Portugal despite the Dutch attacks.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[41] An earthquake occurred in Lisbon on 1 November 1755, with a magnitude today estimated at 8.5—9.0.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[42] In the earthquake, subsequent tsunamis and fires, an estimated 600 to 100,000 people died and 85% of Lisbon's buildings were destroyed, [43] causing the city to be almost completely rebuilt.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The earthquake was so strong that its effects could be felt as far as Morocco.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Lisbon had already experienced several smaller earthquakes before, the earliest known occurring in 1009.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Thousands of casualties were claimed by a quake on 26 January 1531.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[44] In 1801, Portugal lost Olivença to Spain in the Short Orange War (Guerra das Laranjas), regarded as a pre-show of the Iberian War, which was part of the Napoleonic Wars.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[45] In 1807, the country refused to join the English continental enclosure.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The consequence was that France occupied Portugal under Jean-Andoche Junot on 1 December 1807.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

British intervention in the Iberian Peninsula War restored Portuguese independence, and the French occupation ended in 1812.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 1808, the Portuguese king family was forced to flee French troops to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and the king did not return to Lisbon until 1821.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

He left his son Pedro in Brazil with the title of viceroy.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[46] In 1822, Brazil declared independence under Emperor Pedro I.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Upon the death of John VI of Portugal in 1826, his eldest son Pedro I was also awarded the Crown of Portugal under the title Pedro IV.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

As the Portuguese and Brazilians did not want a united monarchy, Pedro was forced to give up his crown in favor of his daughter Maria da Glória.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[47] In the 19th century Portugal had already lost all its colonies in South America and most in Asia.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

However, it concentrated on its African colonies, which later became independent in the 1970s as the states of Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guinea-Bissau, Angola and Mozambique.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The countries belong to the Community of Portuguese-speaking countries.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[48] First Republic In 1910 was deposed in a revolution the monarchy and established the First Republic.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Teófilo Braga rose to become president of the provisional government.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 1911, Manuel de Arriaga was elected as the first president.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal was initially neutral in World War I.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

On 23 February 1916, the country removed German ships anchored in Portuguese ports at the request of the British.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

On March 9, Germany declared war on Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[49] Fearing that the German victory would lead to the losses of the Portuguese colonies of Angola and Mozambique, Prime Minister Costa sent 40,000 men to the Allied side.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The men were equipped and trained poorly and losses were high.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In a December 1917 coup, the assassination in 1918 of President Sidónio Pais, who rose to the leadership of the country, propelled the country into a brief civil


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[50] Forces led by Paiva Couceiro demanded the restoration of the monarchy in northern Portugal, and on 23 January 1919, Lisbon revolted against the Republic.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The First Republic period was marked by chaos.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Salazar's time The nationalists' military coup began the 1926 Second Republic and the nearly 50 years of exclusivity led by Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The system of government was referred to as Estado Novo (“new state”).


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Salazar's time was financially stable, but economic growth was slow.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Estado Novo was Catholic and nationalist in values, and resembled the fascism of other European countries.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[51] During the Estado Novo, the only party allowed was the National Union (União Nacional), held afloat by the secret police Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

During the Spanish Civil War, António de Oliveira Salazar supported Francisco Franco and sent troops to fight against the Spanish Republic on the side of the Nationals.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[52] Throughout World War II, Portugal was neutral.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In December 1942, Japan occupied East Timor, which had belonged to Portugal, but Prime Minister António de Oliveira Salazar refused to declare war on the country.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

However, he gave the Allies permission to use the Azores as their military base.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[53] When the defense alliance NATO was established in 1949, the country was one of its founding members.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[54] António de Oliveira Salazar was forced to step down from the position of Prime Minister in 1968, and Marcello Caetano was appointed as his successor.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[55] The regime was still authoritarian and right-wing, the time of the military junta.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

However, colonial rule began to decay: India took control of Portuguese India in 1961.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Independence movements also emerged in Angola, Mozambique and Portuguese Guinea, but Portugal was reluctant to give its colonies independence.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal waged inconclusive colonial wars against guerrillas, and discontent with the wars led to the 1974 Carnation Revolution.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[56] [54] The Third Republic After the Bloodless Carnation Revolution, the Third Republic was declared to be born and extensive democratic reforms began.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The African colonies were granted independence in 1975.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In December 1975, Indonesia took over East Timor, which had belonged to Portugal, which had attempted to gain independence.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[57] A new Portuguese constitution was introduced in 1976.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Democratic parliamentary elections were first held in 1975 and presidential elections in 1976.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Agriculture-dominated Portugal was long the poorest state in Western Europe, and many Portuguese left in the 1960s—1970s to become migrant workers to other Western European countries.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Thus, Paris is referred to as Portugal's second largest city because of its large Portuguese community.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[58] In 1986 Portugal joined the EEC, an economic community that preceded the European Union.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 1996 Portugal was one of the founding members of the Community of Portuguese-speaking Countries.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Macau was transferred to China in 1999.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

This is often counted as the end of the Portuguese Empire.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal was one of the countries where the euro began to be used in 2002.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Previously, the currency had been escudo.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[54] Portugal was hit hard by the recession that began in 2008 and became the third EU country, after Greece and Ireland, to seek international aid.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[54] On 23 March 2011, Prime Minister José Sócrates' austerity package was brought down by the opposition, which would have been able to avoid the bailout, and Portugal was forced to rely on support from other EU countries and the IMF.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[59] Between 2011 and 2015, the country had a centre-right majority government, with Pedro Passos Coelho as Prime Minister.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Politics and Society Political system Portugal is a democratic republic belonging to the European Union.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Its head of state is the President, who, on a motion by Parliament, appoints the Prime Minister.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The president has the right to dissolve the government and parliament and the right to declare war or peace.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

He is also Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The president is elected for five-year terms by popular election.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

He can hold office for a maximum of two consecutive terms.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] The first Portuguese constitution was drafted in 1822.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[60] The current constitution dates from 1976, but has subsequently undergone significant changes.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] The Parliament, the Assembly of the Republic (Assembleia da República), is unicameral and 230-member.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Its members are elected by proportional representation for four-year terms.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The supreme executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[28] Elections and parties in Portugal the voting age is 18 years.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[61] Voters elect the president by direct popular election for a five-year term.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Parliamentary elections are held at least every four years.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] In parliamentary elections, each district and autonomous region form their own electoral district.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In addition, Portuguese residents in Europe, as well as those living in other parts of the world, have their own constituencies.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

A set number of MPs are elected from each constituency using the D'Hondt method.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[62] Portugal has two main parties, the centre-right Partido Social Democrata (PSD) and the centre-left Partido Socialista (PS).


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] For the 2011 general elections, the PSD formed an alliance called Forward Portugal with the People's Party.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Other parties include the Greens, the Communist Party and the Left Bloc.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[62] Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa was elected president in 2016.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[63] [64] In the October 2015 general election, the right-wing Front led by Pedro Passos Coelho lost its majority and ran for a minority government, as the Socialist Party also experienced electoral defeat.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[65] However, the government fell in November 2015 when the Socialists, led by António Costa, allied with communists and left-wing radicals in a vote on a government programme to pursue economic discipline.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Costa was appointed Prime Minister on 24.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

on Nov.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[66] [67] Judiciary Portugal has a judiciary separate from the legislative and executive branches, the highest body of which is the Supreme Court.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The Constitutional Court, on the other hand, observes the constitutionality of the laws.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

It involves 13 judges appointed by Parliament.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] The punishability of homosexuality was removed from the law in 1852, but was again prohibited by law from 1912 to 1945.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[68] Capital punishment was banned in Portugal during peacetime in 1867 and altogether in 1976.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The last executions for murder were put to action on 22 April 1846 in Lagos, Faro District.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[69] Defence Forces The Portuguese Armed Forces consist of land forces, air forces and naval forces, which also includes the Marines.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

There is no universal conscription in the country.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

It is a founding member of NATO.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] Portugal has participated in several NATO and UN peacekeeping missions.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[70] Territorial division Portugal is divided into 18 districts and the Autonomous Region of the Azores (Açores) and Madeira.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] Aveiro Beja Braga Bragança Castelo Branco Coimbra Évora Faro Guarda Leiria Lisbon Portalegre Porto Santarém Setúbal Viana do Castelo Vila Real Viseu The districts are further subdivided into municipalities (concelho or município) and they further to freguesies.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[14] There are 308 municipalities, and 3091 freguesias.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The number of freguesies was reduced by more than 1,000 during the 2012-13 reforms.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[71] Economy In 2013, GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was USD 22900.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The country was admitted to the European Economic and Monetary Union in 1998 and adopted the euro as one of the first states in 2002.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] Prior to that, an escudo was in use, divided into 100 centavos.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[72] Economic growth turned positive in 2010, but decreased again from 2011 to 2013, reaching − 1.8% in 2013.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] Portugal is still one of the poorest countries in Western Europe.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Regional differences are significant: for example, the Alentejo region in southern Portugal is significantly poorer and more industrialised than the country's large cities, which have a standard of living close to the European average.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[73] The black economy has been estimated to account for as much as 20-25% of official GDP.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[74] Mines and industry employ less than a third (28.5%, 2009) of the population and import 22.2% (2013) of gross national product.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] Labour is cheap compared to other European countries, but low-cost production, including traditional textile industries, has still shifted even cheaper labour to countries such as Asia.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Agriculture employs one-sixth of the population but has poor productivity.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The main agricultural export products are wine and fish cooks.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal is a major producer of cork.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Tourism, which employs eight percent of the population, also plays an important part in the country's economy.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Tourism accounted for more than 11% of GDP in 2011.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[75] In 2007, 24million foreign tourists visited Portugal.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Tourism is much concentrated in the Algarve region.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[76] The unemployment rate in 2013 was 16.8%.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] In 2010, the United Nations gave Portugal a human development value of 0.795 in the Human Development Index, which it defines as very high.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[77] The national deficit in 2010 was 9,2%, [3] which far exceeds the 3% limit set by the EU.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In the spring of 2011, the government agreed with the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the IMF on a three-year €78 billion package under which Portugal will commit to privatising sovereign jobs and reform the rules of the labour market game and its legislation on them.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[28] In 2013, the deficit was 5.1%.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] In 2017, the national deficit had decreased and the national debt-to-GDP ratio stood at 126% [78].


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Portugal's main trading partners include Spain, Germany, Britain and France.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Major export products include agricultural products (food, wine, leather), wood processing products and cork, products from the petroleum and chemical industries, and clothing and footwear.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] The most significant natural resources are cork, iron ore, tungsten and other minerals, marble and fish.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[3] Portugal's energy consumption is around 60% on imported energy.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Its own coal mines closed in 1994.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

The country buys natural gas from Algeria along a gas pipeline completed in 1996.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

Oil has been sought in Portuguese maritime areas for a long time, and the country has two refineries of its own, but they lie on imported raw material.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

In 2001, hydropower generated 31% of Portugal's electricity generation.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

There are no nuclear power plants in the country.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[79] In the 21st century Portugal has invested in the use of renewable energy, especially wind and hydropower, but to some extent in solar and wave energy.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

[80] Traffic on the Portuguese mainland was 14313 km of roads based on 2016 statistics.


Question: Where is Portugal located?

Portugal

There are 2338 kilometres of major roads, 7105 kilometres of roads supporting them and 4791 kilometres of local roads.