Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

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Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

Markku Poutanen (1998): GPS location determination.


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

URSA, ISBN 951-9269-89-4.


Question: Where is the GPS locator located on the mobile phone?

GPS

* Category:Telecommunications Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Northern Cyprus () is a region of the northern part of the island of Cyprus that declared itself an independent state under the name Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti) in 1983.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Its independence has only been recognized by Turkey, which occupied the area in 1974.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Northern Cyprus is de jure within the internationally recognised borders of the Republic of Cyprus.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

[1] Northern Cyprus covers an area of about square kilometres and a population (2011).


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Its capital is Nicosia, in Turkish terms Lefkoşa.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

[2] Geography Northern Cyprus comprises about one-third of the island of Cyprus and includes the northeastern and northern part of the island.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The capital Nicosia is a shared city and a joint capital with the Republic of Cyprus.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Along the northern coast of Northern Cyprus runs the Pentadáktylos mountain range.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Between it and the Tróodos Mountains on the southern Cypriot side, the mainly northern Cypriot side lies the fertile Mesaoría Plain.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The northeastern part of Northern Cyprus is formed by the long and sparsely populated Karpasía Peninsula.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

A border zone of about 156 kilometres long runs between Northern Cyprus and the territory held by the Republic of Cyprus, known as the Green Line.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

[1] Administrative regions Northern Cyprus is divided into six administrative regions, with the territories de jure also belonging to the regions of the Republic of Cyprus.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Some of the administrative regions correspond in their names and/or territories to one or part thereof of the Republic of Cyprus.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The regions are: [2] Notes: Cities The largest city in Northern Cyprus is the capital Nicosia, in Turkish terms Lefkoşa, or more correctly the part on its Northern Cypriot side namely North Nicosia ().


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The other major cities are Gazimağusa or Famagusta/Ammóchostos (), Girne or Kyrenia/Kerýneia (), Gönyeli or Kióneli () and Güzelyurt or Mórfou ().


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

[3] History The island of Cyprus was split in two when “énosists” (including terrorist organisation EOKA B), supported by the Greek military junta and pushing for the reunification of the Republic of Cyprus with Greece, attacked the island's Turkish minority in an effort to annex the island to Greece in 1974.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

In practice, however, the dispute over the island's form of government and the rights of the Turkish minority dates back as far back as the early 1960s, when the island became independent from British rule.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Nationalist circles of the island's Greek population did not accept the rights given to the Turkish Cypriot minority in the constitution and campaigned for accession to Greece.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The constitutional crisis also led to violence with Greeks taking advantage of Turkish villages and murdering hundreds of Turkish civilians on Christmas 1963.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

As a result of the incident, the UN deployed its peacekeeping force (UNFICYP) to Cyprus in March 1964.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The troops remain in Cyprus to this day.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Finland participated in the peacekeeping mission from 1964—2005.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

In 1971, EOKA B's leading figures Geórgios Grívas and Níkos Sampsón had turned against President Makario.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

When the military junta holding power in Greece declared the island part of Greece, Turkey asked Britain for help in dealing with the situation under a security agreement between guarantor states (Greece, Turkey, United Kingdom) annexed to the 1960 Constitution.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Indeed, the Security Agreement prohibited Cyprus from becoming part of any state or entity without the approval of all guarantor countries.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

However, Britain refused to interfere with the actions of the Greek military junta and EOKA in Cyprus, thus failing to comply with the assumptions embedded in the Cypriot Constitution.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Following the return of Turkish Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit from a negotiating trip to London, Turkey began its military operation on 20 July 1974 by coming ashore from northern parts of Cyprus, near the city of Girne.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Within days, Turkish forces had captured 37 percent of the island.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

In a 2004 referendum, 65% of Turkish Cypriots supported the reunification proposed by UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, but Greek Cypriots rebuffed it with a 76% majority on the recommendation of their own president, Tássos Papadópoulos, and the Church of Cyprus leadership.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Mehmet Ali Talat, who served as Prime Minister, was elected to succeed President Rauf Denktaş, who had long led Northern Cyprus, in the April 2005 elections.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Talat received 55% of the vote on a turnout of 70%.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The Republican Turkish Party (Cumhuriyetçi Türk Partisi), which he led, had secured almost half of the seats in the 50-seat parliament with its 44% vote catches in the February 2005 parliamentary election.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The National Unity Party, led by Derviş Eroğlu, opposed to unification, again remained in opposition, receiving 32% of the vote in the parliamentary elections and losing the presidential election to Talat, obtaining only 23% of the vote.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Talat seeks the reunification of Cyprus into a federal state so that the Turkish part can also enter the European Union, while at the same time getting rid of its economic isolationism.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Despite the federal project, the Turks also want a Turkish security guarantee for the federation.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Turkey and Greece are both members of NATO, which has been a critical issue for the military union in the past.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The new Turkish lira is used as currency.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Undone by British rule, Northern Cyprus has left-hand traffic.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Population According to the 2011 census, Northern Cyprus had a population of.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

[2] Approximately half the population consists of Turkish Cypriots who have inhabited the island for centuries.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Some of them have migrated from the south of the island during the Cyprus conflict.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Another significant population group are mainland Turkish immigrants who migrated to the island during the conflict, a significant proportion of whom do not hold Northern Cypriot citizenship.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Ethnic minorities include Greek Cypriots and Maronites who remained on the Karpasía Peninsula.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

There are also thousands of British citizens living in Northern Cyprus.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Politics The President of Northern Cyprus is Mustafa Akıncı, and Irsen Küçük serves as Prime Minister.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The economy of Northern Cyprus is dependent on aid from Turkey, as it is not a state recognised by the international community, it cannot independently conduct foreign trade.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

There are also no direct flights to Northern Cyprus; the journey there is via Turkish airspace or ports.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Northern Cyprus is an agriculture-winning state.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The vast majority of Cypriot industry is located on the Greek side of the island and the northern part of the island has not been able to bring about change due to the embargo.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

The state economy has still not recovered fully from the events of 1974 and the country is suffering from rising inflation.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

[4] Meat, olives, cereals and fruits are produced in the area.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Tourism is also an important source of income for the northern part of the island — most tourists arriving in Northern Cyprus come from Turkey, Great Britain, Germany, Italy and Israel, as well as southern Cyprus.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Sources Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What is the capital of Northern Cyprus?

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Viljo Aukusti Laakso (13 August 1895, Pälkäne — 30 September 1950, Renko) was a Finnish Jääkär lieutenant colonel who received the additional name Puujalkaritari.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

He started out as an ice warp and went on to a military career.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

He was decorated with the Cross of Liberty, first class, and the last awarded Mannerheim Cross (No 191).


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

[1] [2] Jääkäriseason Viljo Laakso was born as the son of a crofter in Pälkäne on 13 August 1895.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The military career began on 6 September 1915 at Lockstedt Camp in the 2nd Company of the Training Corps.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

After underofficer training, Laakso was promoted to hilfsgruppenführer in February 1916.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In August 1917 came a posting to Polangen's special training and promotion to gruppenführer.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

While the course was still continuing, Laakso was selected for an eight-man special detachment that transported the first large shipment of weapons from Danzig to Finland.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The command of the Arms Ship S/S Equity was the first ice contingent sent to Finland as a combat division.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

It was led by Juho Heiskanen and Lauri Tiainen, the other members were Arvid Kokko, Juho Komonen, Kalle Kuokkanen, Einar Mäkinen and Reino Vuolle.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Equity was beached on 31 October 1917 to the north of Vaasa, where a cargo of weapons was unloaded at two separate locations.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The ship's first voyage was to be a test-sketch, but it remained the only significant shipment of weapons received by Mannerheim's army before the war effort in Ostrobothnia began.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

[1] [2] After the invasion, Equity's ice keepers organized the distribution of arms to the patrons of southern Ostrobothnia and formed a training ring named after Juho Heiskanen. Heiskase staab.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

As a result of its activities, there were already 2500—3000 men trained by ice keepers in southern Ostrobothnia at the beginning of 1918.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

This deployment-ready strike force gave Mannerheim an advantage, under the cover of which the White Army was able to achieve a rapid military solution in the spring.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

As a member of the Staab, Laakso trained patron in Lapua, Ylistaro, Vaasa and Laihia.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

When operations against Russian forces began on 27 January 1918, the Vale led the action on the Laihian Hulm.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

It was a former barracks for the 10th Reserve Company of the Old People with a small Russian cavalry detachment.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The Battle of Hulm was relevant insofar as it was the first military operation on Oak Sunday.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Laihia's patronage department was to participate in the takeover of Vaasa equipped with weapons available from Hulm.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Hence, the headquarters ordered a few hours advance on the Lihians against the general H—moment.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Moreover, it was Hulm who experienced the first battle losses of the war, five fallen men.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The valley first sought, as directed by the Vaasa headquarters, for a negotiated settlement, demanding the dragoons surrender.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The counterpart to the negotiation was a Russian sergeant major who spoke helpfully in Finland, of whom no senior was present.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

However, the negotiation, which had already seemed good, failed when, in a chain of Lihians shooting set in a river crunch, someone's nerve failed.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

After a single shot, the entire chain began shelling the barracks.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

A counterattack by the dragoons dispersed the poorly armed and under-trained force.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

There was a lot of unarmed as well, because it was from Hulm that we had to get more guns.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Simultaneously with the negotiation, the strike division of the patrons had time to break into the Russians' armoury and carry out some rifles from there.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

However, this action did not have time to affect the development of a situation that was out of control.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The valley sought to form a defensive line at the point of the road and bridge crossing the river, but the dragoons circled it from the left.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In this case, a few men remained under the bridge on the ice and were killed with bayonets.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

About three hours later, Hulm was attacked again.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Now the matter had only an armed and trained core force of patrons, reinforced with an auxiliary force of Isonkyrö patrons.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

However, no actual battle ensued, as after a few shots the dragoons got on horseback and set off towards Vaasa.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The participation of the Laihians in the takeover of Vaasa was cancelled.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Service in the patronage municipalities When Jääkärit on 11 February 1918 was recorded in the military rank of the Finnish Army, Viljo Laakso became an ensign and was assigned on 14 February to be a teacher at the Vöyr War School.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Already in late January, Vöyr had begun training aimed at forming a permanent staff undercover.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Laakso founded the 5th Company of the Vöyr School and led it in battle until the school battalion after the takeover of Tampere was dissolved.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Laakso was promoted to lieutenant and, having excelled as a conqueror of Uusikylä, he received the Cross of Liberty.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Vale served until the end of the war as Chief of 1st Company No 6.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Vaasa Infantry Regiment in the Ostrobothnia Battalion.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Viljo Laakso stayed on for a military career and in the autumn of 1919 switched to the patronage organisation.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

He served as local manager in Humppila, Hattula and Leppävirra and from 1 February 1922 as regional manager in Turku Patron Municipal District.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The last task of this phase of the valley for voluntary national defence was two and a half years of chiefdom in the ninth district of the Southern Häme Patron District, which included Lahti and Nastola.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

During this time, Laakso completed a middle school syllabus in Vyborg, after which he was promoted to captain v.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

in 1928.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Laakso returned to his tenured army post first as company chief in the Tampere Regiment.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Vaalo's second term in the service of the patronage organization coincides with the intermediate peace period, when he served as the regional manager of Loimaan-Mellilän-Metsämaa.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In the regular crowd If the Winter War had not broken out, the Vaalo would have pretty certainly moved into the reserve as a captain from the seat of the chief of the machine-gun company of the Pori Regiment.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

This position he took up in the summer of 1933 and soon became known as an excellent trainer.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

A battalion was formed from reservists from the Loimaa region in 1939 and trained under the command of Laakso during refresher exercises in Niinisalo in the summer of 1939.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

It became the III Battalion (III/JR 13) of Infantry Regiment 13, part of the 5th Division, with the Vale as commander-in-chief going to war.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In the Winter War, the Laakso first operated on the Summa front of the Lumpeistenoja, or so-called.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

As the commander of the badge block.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The block had been subordinated directly to the division.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The commander's alias “Cat” turned to “Father Cat” and quickly acquired features of legend, as the commander moved incessantly along the front line and even participated in patrols into enemy territory.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Loimaa's battalion repelled a major attack in December with its block and the Vale was rewarded with the Cross of Liberty second rate.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In early January, the Vaala regiment was switched from front responsibility to Väkkijärvi to build an intermediate station.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Following the outbreak of the main station, JR 13 fought hard in the outback of the Source Block, trying to limit the breach area and win time for the occupation of the intermediate station.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

While there are other merits quite enough, the award of Vale as the last Knight of the Mannerheim Cross is ultimately based on his action during the Battle of the Intermediate Station 20.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

- February 27, 1940.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

His battalion was first ordered to counterattack in an attempt to restore the depressions that had come to an intermediate position the previous day at Selänmäki near the villa garrison of Honkaniemi.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

It was only partially successful and the enemy was found to have set the centre of gravity of its armor attack just east of Lake Väkki.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The situation quickly became more difficult and the intermediate station was in danger of being completely broken.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In this situation, Vale was subjected to battalion after battalion so that on 26 February he commanded a special detachment comprising six battalions.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

On 3 March 1940, the Winter War of Viljo Laakso ended with a wounding in a rear position north of Vyborg in Kärstilä.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

A bullet from the high-speed rifle pierced his pelvis.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In the Continuation War, Laakso left north of Ladoga, still serving as Loimaa battalion commander.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

It was now the III Battalion of Infantry Regiment 35.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Valley's activities at battalion level ended on 22 July 1941, when he received his own regiment.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

However, the assignment as commander of Infantry Regiment 60 fell short, as already on 3 August 1941 he boarded a trail mine at Lake Lust.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The blast took his right leg all the way to the halfback.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The valley was among those who, on the merits of the Winter War, had already been presented with the Mannerheim Cross.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

[3] When he was wounded, he was again drawn by the superior's knighthood for the action of the attack phase.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The decision to award the cross was taken and the knowledge of it reached the Karelian Army Staff.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

After less than an hour, however, the decision was reversed, as the Vale was not thought to survive.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Instead, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and awarded the Cross of Liberty, first class.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Despite the loss of Tree Knight Jalan, Laakso wanted to continue on active duty.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

He served until the autumn of 1942 as Chief of Organizations Centre 2 in Keuruu and was thereafter occupied by the commander of the Turku Military District.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

However, the war continued and at a critical juncture in June 1944 the high superiors remembered the firm field leader of the intermediate station in the Winter War.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Vale was recalled to the front and on 22 July 1944 he took command of the Ukko Regiment, Infantry Regiment 8 (JR 8) at Loimola.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Kaarlo “Kylmä-Kalle” Heiskanen's division and the “Unknown Soldier's Regiment” were forced to continue their war while still in Lapland.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

JR 8 was placed at the apex on Yli-Tornio, from where it proceeded fighting up the riverside as far as Lätäseno.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The valley was again presented with the Mannerheim Cross; for the third time and at the instigation of the third superior.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

However, the streak of knight appointments had to be broken twice, so the Vale, like many others, was about to fall in line for good.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

What now intervened was Lieutenant General Paavo Talvela by letter on 30 January 1945 to the Chief of the Headquarters Command Staff.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

He strongly advocated the Vale and demanded that his position be presented to the Commander-in-Chief.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

The petition was affected and on 7 May 1945 Viljo Laakso became Knight Number 191.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

[4] The reward was still underlined by a remarkably good post in the peacetime army, since Laakso was appointed commander of the Seinäjoki military district.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

He resigned from the army in February 1948.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

In civil, he first served as a sawmill manager in Rengo and then moved into the insurance industry.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

He died of septicaemia on September 30, 1950 at the age of 55.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim Cross is on display at the Finnish Artillery Museum.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hurmerinta, Ilmari; Viitanen, Jukka (ed.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

) | title = For Finland — Knights of the Mannerheim Cross 1941—1945| publisher = Helsinki: Thought | year = 1994| id = ISBN 951-9440-28-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Peltomäki, Heikki| title = Wooden Litkaritari| publisher = Loimaa: Ooli| year = 2004| id = ISBN 952-5278-48-4}} Publications of the Ministry of Defence's War Historical Office IV, Biography of Finnish Jakeers, WSOY Porvoo 1938.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

Department of Military Science Publications XIV, Biography of Finnish Jakeers 1975, Vaasa 1975 ISBN 951-99046-8-9.


Question: Where is Viljo Laakso's Mannerheim cross on display?

Viljo Laakso

References on the topic elsewhere Category:Colonels of the Icepals Class:Knights of the Mannerheim Cross Class:Born in 1895 Class:Those who died in 1950


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Charles Hoy Fort (August 6 (according to some sources 9th)


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

1874 — May 3, 1932) was an American author and investigator of paranormal phenomena.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Jerome Clark, who followed in Fort's footsteps, describes Fort as “a satirist who was highly skeptical — especially of scientists' claims to definitive truths.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

[1] Fort's writing style he describes as “an eccentric blend of mocking humour, pervasive understanding and calculated deviance.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

[2] Writer Colin Wilson, on the other hand, describes Fort as “some sort of patron saint of nutjobs” [3], and ends up in a similar description with Clark when he claims that one gets “a sense from Fort's work that it doesn't matter how honest scientists think they are, they're still influenced by their subconscious assumptions that prevent them from achieving true objectivity”.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

According to Wilson, expressed in a single sentence, Fort's principle is: “People who have a psychological need to believe in miracles are none more prejudiced and gullible than people with a psychological need not to believe in miracles.” [4] Fort's books sold well, and they are continue to be printed even though they are in America already copyrighted free since the authorship rights lapse, and thus they have been published on the internet and can be read free of charge.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In English, the term “Fortean” (Fortian) is sometimes used to describe various paranormal or bizarre events.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Life Dutchman Charles Hoy Fort was born in 1874 in Albany, New York.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

He was the eldest of three siblings (he had two brothers, Clarence and Raymond).


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In his unpublished autobiography Many Parts, Fort recalls several times how he was subjected to rough treatment — even physical violence — in the ministry of his authoritarian merchant father.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Some have speculated that Fort's later distrust of authority figures dates back to these experiences.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In any case, Fort developed a strong sense of independence even in adolescence.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

As a young novice naturalist, he collected shells, minerals and birds of mussels and others.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Although the young Fort was curious and full of book knowledge of the world, he did not excel at school.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

At the age of 18, he left New York to tour the world and “acquire funds for the bank of experience.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

He travelled across western North America, Scotland and England, all the way to South Africa, where he fell ill.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

When he returned home, he was cared for by a girl named Anna Filing, whom he knew from his youth.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Charles Fort and Anna Filing were married on October 26, 1896.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Anna was four years younger than Charles a friend of films and parrots.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

They subsequently moved to London together, where they went to the cinema, when Charles was not busy with his research.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Charles' career as a writer alternated between success and poverty and depression.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

After inheriting money from his uncle, Fort was able in 1916 to quit his several day jobs and write full-time.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In 1917, upon the death of Fort's brother Clarence, Charles and Raymond shared his share of the inheritance.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort wrote ten novels, although only one of them was published in The Outcast Manufacturers (1906).


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Critics praised it as being ahead of its time, but sales fell short.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In 1915, Fort began writing two books, X and Y.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

The first of these was to concern the idea that beings from Mars were responsible for events on Earth, and the second to the claim of the existence of an ominous civilization at the South Pole.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort gained the attention of the writer Theodore Dreiser, who tried in vain to get them published.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In the hopelessness brought by failure, Fort burned the manuscripts of the books, but soon returned to work and began writing a book that would change the course of his life.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

It was published in 1919 as The Book Of The Damned.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

The “damned”, or “damned” of the book's name, referred to the “damned knowledge” that Fort was collecting on phenomena that the science of his lifetime could not explain, and were thus ignored.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort's experiences as a journalist, coupled with his anti-public opinion nature, prepared him for his “real life's work”, a habit of the editors of news magazines and scientific publications to rationalise phenomena that were inoperative with science, to ridicule.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Charles and Anna lived in London 1924—1926, after moving there that Charles could study the archives of the British Museum.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort's books received mainly positive reviews and were popular enough that several editions were taken from them, which included a compilation version from 1941.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In 1929, with Fortie already moving back to New York and Charles Fort suffering from poor condition and vision impairment, he was pleasantly surprised to discover the kind of cult fame he had achieved.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

There was even talk of setting up an organization to investigate the bizarre happenings surrounding Fort's books.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Jerome Clark writes, “Fort himself, who had done nothing to encourage such, was amused by the idea.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Still, he kept faithfully in touch with his readers, some of whom had begun researching reports of paranormal phenomena themselves and sending their discoveries to Fort.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

“[5] Fort did not trust doctors and did not seek medical help for his deteriorating condition.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

He preferred to spend his energy on completing Wild Talents.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

On May 3, 1932, Consciousness Fort was taken to the Bronx Royal Hospital, where later that day his publisher visited to show preliminary pieces from Wild Talents.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort died just a few hours later.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

He was buried in the Fort family brew grounds in Albany, New York.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

His more than 60,000 sticky notes were donated to the New York Public Library.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort and the unexplained Fort's relationship with the paranormal is often understood and misrepresented.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

For more than 30 years, Charles Fort sat in libraries in New York and London, including scholarly publications and news magazines, while collecting sticky notes on phenomena that lay beyond the accepted scientific theories and belief of that time.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Over the course of his life, Fort collected tens of thousands of sticky notes, which he stored in shoeboxes.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

They were small slips of paper written on them with shorthand that fit into a small space invented by Fort himself.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Some of them are still stored at the University of Pennsylvania.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Depressed and at a loss of hope, Fort more than once destroyed the results of his work, but always started anew.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Some of the sticky notes were published by the Fortean Society.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

As the results of his investigations, Charles Fort accomplished seven books, four of which have survived to this day.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

They are: The Book Of The Damned (1919), The New Lands (1923), Lo!


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

(1931) and Wild Talents (1932).


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

One book he wrote about the New Lands and Lo!


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

in between, but rejected it and merged it into a Lo! .


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort's writing style Understanding Fort's books requires time and dwell: his style is complex, violent and poetic, satirical and sensitive, profound and at times enigmatic.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Ideas are rejected and returned to them again some pages later; examples and information are offered, compared and presented with opposites, conclusions are reached and reached, when Fort keeps unconventionality under observation of conventionality, it continually fails to make an account of of them.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Continuing his attacks, Fort displays the ridiculousness of conventional explanations and then presents his own theories.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Colin Wilson considers Fort's writing style to be “raw” and “almost unreadable" [6], and speculates that the prose characteristic of Fort may have been what has prevented him from achieving greater popularity.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort suggests, for example, that there is a “Super-Sargassomeri” where all lost goods go — his theories he justifies on the fact that they work just as well as conventional explanations.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

As for whether Fort himself believed his theories, or suggestions, he replies, “I don't believe anything of mine that I have ever written”.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Wilson thinks Fort took only a few, if any, of his “explanations” in earnest, and recalls that Fort wasn't even “trying to make coherent claims.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

[7] Fortian phenomenon Despite his opposition to Fort's writing style, Wilson accepts that “the facts really are astounding enough.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

“[8] Forti's books contain as examples of strange phenomena several that have been variously referred to as occult, supernatural and paranormal phenomena.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Reported events include teleportation (a term often said to have been coined by Fort) and other unexplained emergences and disappearances; phenomena associated with rag spirits; the harrowing of frogs, fish or various inorganic substances from the sky; crop circles; of the unknown noises and explosions from sources; of self-ignition; levitation; ball lightning; flying saucers; giant rings of light in the oceans; and animals in strange environments to them.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

He presents his reader with a number of strange artifacts that have been found in unexpected places (referred to in English as OOPART:e, meaning “out of place artefacts”).


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

He was also perhaps the first person to seek to explain the strange appearances and disappearances of humans by UFOs hijacking, and was an early proponent of the Extraterrestrial Life hypothesis.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Many of these phenomena are now referred to as Fortean in English, as Fortian phenomena in Finnish, and some have even emerged as their own “schools” such as ufology and cryptozoology.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Most scientists and academics, however, still consider them pseudo-science.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort and mainstream science Sceptics and detractors have often called Fort gullible and childish, a claim his supporters strongly deny.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In his writings over and over, Fort tries to get through some of the basics that often seem to be forgotten when talking about the definition of science: Fort often notes that the boundaries between science and pseudo-science are blurry, and may change over time.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort also shows that where facts are objective, how they are interpreted depends on who interprets, and in what context.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort stressed that there are strong sociological influences on what is perceived in science as “acceptable” or “damned”.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Although he never used the term “magical thinking”, Fort offered several arguments and perspectives that are similar: he argued that most (if not all) people are at least sometimes guilty of irrational or “unscientific” thinking.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Writer John Mitchell notes that “Fort gave several humorous examples in which the same scientific experiment gave two different results, each satisfying the experimenter.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort noted that if experiments conducted under controlled conditions — the main pillars of the scientific way — can produce such varying results, depending on who is conducting them, then the scientific way itself should be open to further scrutiny.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Since Fort died, scientists have acknowledged the cognitive bias associated with the experimenter — experiments tend to reinforce prior assumptions.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Since then, “mainstream science” has also accepted, in part or in full, several of the phenomena that Fort introduced — such as ball lightning, which Fort's early scientific consensus broadly rejected as impossible.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

But most of Fort's ideas remain even more in the borderlands of “mainstream science”, or just outside of them, the paranormal and the bizarre.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

This is not surprising, as Fort was by no means willing to reject an outsider of “acceptable” science.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Subsequent research has shown that Fort's claims were at least as credible as their sources.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Inspired in part by Fort, in the 1960s American writer William R. Corliss began his own documentation of scientific anomalies, he checked some of Fort's sources and concluded that Fort's research was “accurate, but quite narrow” — there are several others” anomalies”, which Fort did not include in his books.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Many, however, have found it odd that Fort — a man so skeptical and willing to question the revelations of the scientific mainstream — was yet so willing to accept old stories unchallenged.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Perhaps one has to ask whether Fort accepted the evidence at all: in several examples in his books, Fort notes that he considered some of the claims unlikely, and furthermore he comments, “I offer the information.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Decide for yourself.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

It is often difficult to tell from Fort's books whether he took his proposals and theories seriously; however, Fort seemed to believe in the visits of extraterrestrial life forms here.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort arrived at the theories and conclusions he often put forth in his books, in the manner of what he termed “The Conventional Ordinarity of Science”.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Forti's books feature reports on almost every page of bizarre phenomena originally published in respected mainstream scientific publications such as Scientific American, The Times, Nature and Science.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Once after another, Fort observes that while some of these phenomena were cheerfully accepted, just as often unexplained and unusual reports were ignored, or swept completely under the rug.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

And repeatedly, Fort recovered them from under the carpet, and brought them into the public consciousness, or as he wrote “to vent.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

As long as evidence is ignored — influenced by how bizarre or improbable — Fort argued that scientists' claims of thoroughness and objectivity should be challenged.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

For Fort, it didn't matter much whether his data and theories were accurate or not: his premise was that alternative outcomes and worldviews can be reached from the same knowledge from which “conventional” scientific conclusions are drawn, and that no explanation necessarily not more acceptable than others.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In this perspective, he was way ahead of his time.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

In The Book of the Damned, the influence of social values and what is now known as the paradigm on scientists, and what they consider to be “true.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

This preceded Thomas Kuhn's work by decades.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

At the same time, Paul Feyerabend's later anarchist “anything goes” approach to science was akin to Fort's starting points.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort also contributed greatly to the humor of science.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Although many of the phenomena rejected by science during his lifetime have since been proven to be objective phenomena, and although Fort was foreaware in his collection and the preservation of related knowledge, and despite the ridicule of contemporaries who were subjected to during his investigations, Still, Fort was more of a parodist and humorist than a scientist.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

All too often, he thinks, scientists take themselves far too earnestly, and are thus prone to arrogance and dogmatism.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort used humor, both for its own sake, and to show what he considered to be the weaknesses of science and scientists.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Still, Fort is regarded by many as the father of modern paranormalism, not only for the interest he displayed in strange phenomena, but also for his modern attitudes towards religion, 19th-century spiritualism and scientific dogmatism.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Followers and fans of Fort Inspired by Charles Fort's work, numerous people think of themselves as Fortians (eng.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fortean).


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

The first of these was the film screenwriter Ben Hecht, who in his review for The Book of the Damned declared “I am Charles Fort's first disciple... thus, I am a Fortian.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Other notable fans of Fort included John Cowper Powys, Sherwood Anderson, Clarence Darrow and Booth Tarkington, who wrote the new opening words for the New Lands.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Exactly what is meant by “fortility” is a major object of controversy; the term is widely used by Fortian purists who are devoted to Fort's methods and interests, to those who are active believers in paranormal phenomena.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

The latter is an attitude with which Fort himself would not have agreed at all.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fortians are most commonly described by an interest in unexplained phenomena from a wide range, most often related to the natural world, and who have developed agnostic skepticism regarding all kinds of anomalies.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

For Hecht, for example, being a Fortian meant showing distrust of authority, in all its forms, be it religious, scientific, political, philosophical, or whatever else.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Of course, it contained no real belief in the magical subjects that Fort's works dealt with.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Forti's friends founded the Fortean Society as early as his lifetime, and the company was led by writer Tiffany Thayer, half earnest and half for a joke, like the work of Fort himself.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

However, Fort rebuffed the Society and, as a fierce opponent of authoritarianism, refused its leadership and continued to resist company, for it might attract spiritualists, bigots, and those who opposed science because it had not accepted them.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

It would attract those who believed in their own favourite phenomenon above others: a diametrically opposed attitude to fortuneism.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

So it is ironic that since then several more such “Fortian” clubs have been established.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

The best known of these is the journal Fortean Times, which first appeared in November 1973 and is — in its combination of humor, skepticism and serious research with issues untouched by scientists and other respected authority figures — a representative of Fortian journalism.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

There are also the International Fortian Organisation (or INFO) and other clubs, the most notable of which are based in Edinburgh and the Isle of Wight.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Several of the contemporary writers, including Loren Coleman, who has even written about Fort's influence in his book Mysterious America, are sincere followers of Fort.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Jerome Clark has described himself as a “sceptical Fortian.”


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Mike Dash is another capable Fortian whose knowledge of history is helpful in all sorts of peculiar reports.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort has influenced very much the work of Robert Anton Wilson, particularly in the book The New Inquisition.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Caitlin R. Kiernan, author of dark fantasy and paleontologist, has often incorporated Fortian ingredients and quotations into her novels and short stories, and one of her short story collections is called To Charles Fort, With Love (With Love, to Charles Fort).


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

He has also published a pamphlet called “The Little Damned Book of Days”, which is a chronicle of his own Fortian experiences.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Fort's work is continued today by William R. Corliss, whose self-publishing books and memos bring Fort to life in a Fortian spirit of humour, seriousness and open-mindedness.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Partial bibliography of The Outcast Manufacturers (novel), 1906 Many Parts (autobiography, not published) The Book of the Damned, Prometheus Books, 1999, paper cover, 310 pages, ISBN 1-57392-683-3, premiered 1919.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

New Lands, Ace Books, 1941 and later editions, paper cover, first published 1923.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

ISBN 0-7221-3627-7 Lo! , Ace Books, 1941 and subsequent editions, paper cover, first published 1931.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

ISBN 1-870870-89-1 Wild Talents, Ace Books, 1932 and subsequent editions, paper cover, premiered in 1932.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

ISBN 1-870870-29-8 Complete Books of Charles Fort, Dover Publications, New York, 1998, hardcover, ISBN 0-486-23094-5 Sources Not very many books have been written about Fort.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

The works are essentially biographical explanations of Fort and his ideas.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

There is a chapter on Charles Fort in Martin Gardner's book Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science (1957; Dover; ISBN 0-486-20394-8).


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Damon Knight's Charles Fort: Prophet of the Unexplained is an outdated but valuable biographical source that details Fort's life.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Ulrich Magin's Der Ritt is dem Kometen.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Über Charles Fort is similar to Knight's book, but in German, and includes more detailed chapters on Fort's philosophy.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Louis Pauwels and Jaques Bergier's The Morning of the Magicians has also taken influence from Fort's work, and mentions it frequently.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Jerome Clark, author of The Extraterrestrial Hypothesis in the Early UFO Age (pp.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

122—140 in UFOs and Abductions: Challenging the Borders of Knowledge, David M. Jacobs, editor; University Press of Kansas, 2000; ISBN 0-7006-1032-4) Jerome Clark, The UFO Book; 1998, Visible Ink by Colin Wilson, Mysteries, Putnam, ISBN 0-399-12246-X On the subject elsewhere.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

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Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

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Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

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Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Charles Fort's books can be read on the (English) pages.


Question: When did Charles Fort die?

Charles Fort

Links directly to books: (preserved snippets) Category:US writers Category:Those born in 1874 Class:Those who died in 1932


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Challenges of Survival () is a nature documentary series produced by the BBC and scripted and plotted by David Attenborough.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

It premiered in the United Kingdom starting in October 1990.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Survival challenges dealt with animal behavior.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

It was the third part of a documentary trilogy on nature, beginning with the Life on Earth series; Attenborough's later series have focused on some particular area.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Episodes of survival challenges introduced different stages of the cycle of life from birth to reproduction.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The series was produced in partnership with the Australian Broadcasting Service and Turner Broadcasting System.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The producer was Peter Jones.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The background music was composed by George Fenton.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In David Attenborough's Life series Challenges of Survival was preceded by the Living Planet (, 1984) and followed by the Wonders of Antarctica (, 1993).


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Background The filming of the series was spent over three and a half years, during which Attenborough travelled a total of nearly 400,000 miles.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The aim of the production team was to take the filming of nature documentaries further along the path of the Living Planet, and so the production faced a lot of new challenges.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Photographing hunting chimpanzees was possible solely thanks to Hedwige and Christophe Boesch; they had spent five years in Ivory Coast studying human apes.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In Panama, a nest formed from live specimens of wanderer ants was, in turn, described using an endoscope.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Using new types of lenses, footage was also obtained where both the ants in the foreground close-up and Attenborough, who was seen in the background, were the subject of focus.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

One of the most important moments in the life of the elephant herd could be filmed with the help of Cynthia Moss.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Moss had been studying animals in Kenya for twenty-five years and, thanks to his knowledge, the production team knew how to be there at the right time.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

When the film crew wanted a shot of a swarm of sixty-thousand-headed waders flying over Attenborough in Norfolk, the bird protection charity RSPB was enlisted in the prediction of the flight route.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Florida bush bows, on the other hand, assisted in filming without much effort, as due to research on them they were accustomed to humans.


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Crawling inside the termite bow brought difficulties for David Attenborough: the inside was so cramped that he could only fit there in a certain direction, and had to quietly walk out always in between takes.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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When images of the catching of sea lions by killer whales on the Patagonian coast were finally taken for the DVD release of the series and the book associated with the series, it was the first time that such behaviour had been observed at all.


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So the photographers had to take risks when going into the water along with the whales to get close-ups.


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[1] Episodes 1: Birth October 4, 1990, the first episode introduces the different ways in which organisms enter the world.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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Attenborough's opening words refer to the annual proliferation of Christmas Island crab sticks.


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The event is risky for the crab, as the species normally lives on land, and eggs must be laid in the sea, where the oldest species of animals on our planet still live and breed.


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One of the most prolific species that lay eggs in water is the giant mussel, but also some terrestrial animals, for example praying mantis produce large quantities of eggs.


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In the western United States, Attenborough observes how a wasp burrowing into the ground camouflages its burrow, and then fills it with butterfly larvae to feed its future brood.


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Challenges of survival

The larvae of another species, on the other hand, begin their life inside the butterfly larvae, and gradually eat their hosts to death.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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The puzzles of bigger animals are illustrated by snow geese, which must defend their eggs from females.


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Embryonic development inside the egg is shown in detail.


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The mallee chicken warms its eggs with rotting leaves, and Attenborough illustrates its careful thermoregulation by trying to add sand to the eggbox.


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The chicken immediately kicks the sand back over Attenborough.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The sea syrup is a crustacean that fully sacrifices itself for its brood: the larvae growing inside its shell put so much strain on its mother that it eventually dies when it leaves.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Among mammals giving birth to fully developed chicks are shown, among others, gnuu, sea lion, and tsintsilla.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

2: The second episode aired on 11 October 1990 describes the ways of nurturing offspring of different species.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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Attenborough defines childhood through two goals: to grow and to survive.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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For example, a South Sea elephant is raised from an animal whose childhood is very short: the cub is abandoned at three weeks and is left alone for up to eight weeks, during which time it grows large enough to swim with the fat obtained from the mother's milk.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Terns rely on mass power as, when living together with a big flock, they have a better chance of guarding their brood from marauding gulls.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

An indication of the dedication of snow geese is the fifty-kilometer journey they make in the Russian tundra on foot, escorting their chicks to the coast.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Scorpions carry their chicks on their backs, while the outlet leaves theirs under a rock while searching for food.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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The eider is among the species among which responsibility for the offspring is shared: females regularly monitor the young of other individuals belonging to the same group.


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Maras and bats also use nursery rhymes — the latter can hold up to a million individuals in them.


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Challenges of survival

In Florida bush bows, child-rearing is done in collaboration with previous, adult offspring.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In larger animals, the same pattern of activity is used by elephants, with all females in the group participating in the rearing of the chick.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Chimpanzees' childhood is socially complex, because in addition to using tools, they must learn how to relate to others.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

albatrosses need to learn to fly urgently, as chicks that end up in the sea can fall prey to tiger sharks.


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3: The section on food procurement of 18 October 1990 deals with food supply patterns for animals.


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The abundance of animal and plant species prevalent in the South American rainforest does not necessarily mean easy food.


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Some of the leaves are poisonous, so those who eat them need to be careful.


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Challenges of survival

Other plants, on the other hand, bribe the animals to carry their pollen by offering mede-like bribes.


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Challenges of survival

Many hummingbird species specialize in eating only from certain flowers.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Fruits are also available, and squirrel aimirs, for example, don't change much to eat either.


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Challenges of survival

Parrots and macaws eat kaolin as an antidote to the poisonous seeds they eat.


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Challenges of survival

Attenborough watches a swarm of 60,000 headed cirri suddenly move from place to place in order to eat the molluscs hiding in the mud bottom exposed by low tide.


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Challenges of survival

The barrakudas chase the little fish, and drive the flock into the bay, where it is attacked by pelicans.


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Challenges of survival

The gulls, in turn, harass pelicans to become complicit in the spoils they receive.


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A species of gecko is able to distinguish worker termites from soldiers more dangerous than them.


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The webs of cross spiders are presented as one of the most elegant predatory instruments.


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The foraging of two other spider species, Nephila and its banditry Argyrodes, is under closer scrutiny.


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The tropics birds returning to their nests full of domes are ambushed by frigate birds.


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4: Predation and Escape, the October 25, 1990 episode presents other species that prey on animals, as well as the means for prey animals to avoid being preyed upon.


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Attenborough tries to approach the nest of the chicks, at which point the aggressiveness of the birds becomes apparent as they attack him.


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Along the coast of Patagonia, a certain group of killer whales stalk the chicks of sea lions that mistake themselves off the safe shallows.


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Challenges of survival

After taking prey, the whales take it out to sea and play with it before killing them.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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The poison can be used both as a weapon and as a repellent, examples of which are used as cuttlefish and tomato frog.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Some animals advertise their means of defence so that their use does not come too late.


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Challenges of survival

Examples include a skunk whose weapon is a scathing lemu, as well as some salamanders: both emphasise their warning colouring with peculiar poses.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

There are several species of rod circus in the show, with their complex means of camouflage.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

No means of protection will help against wanderer ants, as they will prostrate any prey coming from their counterparts thanks to their sheer numbers.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The knight falcon is exceptional in that it hunts on a troop; a group of six individuals are seen honing their skills in the desert of New Mexico.


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Challenges of survival

Finally, a group of chimpanzees are seen who, using strategic thinking and collaboration, are catching gueretsos in a forest in Ivory Coast.


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Challenges of survival

5: The episode shown on November 1, 1990, orienteers explores different forms of orienteering.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

After sunset, Attenborough describes species living in Africa that don't lean on their senses of sight.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The spotted hyena uses its delicate sense of smell when hunting at night, and the galagott urinates on their hands to mark their movements.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Some animals such as salangans, bats and river dolphins use sonar.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Electric eels, on the other hand, sense their surroundings using electric fields.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

At daylight hours, another means are used: the jump head has a carefully kept clean network of paths.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

It has a clear map of the network in its head, which allows it to escape quickly if necessary even through shortcuts.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In the Sahara, Attenborough introduces an ant that makes the longest land journeys in the insect world: Cataglyphis uses the position of the sun to navigate back to its nest along the most direct possible route.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In the Bahamas, navigating langusts using ocean currents and wave direction march in line to reduce water resistance.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The lapinder travels from one end of the world to another, a total distance of up to 19,000 km, to be able to fish during daylight hours.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The albatross is cited as one of the most skilled orienteers: it can travel up to 1300 miles over the sea in search of food for its chicks, and still always finds it back to its nest.


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Challenges of survival

Finally, Attenborough tells the story of the eels' 10,000-mile trek, which will last three years.


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Challenges of survival

6: Housing Solutions, the episode, broadcast on November 8, 1990, deals with animals' ways of protecting themselves from natural forces and predators.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The burrow is a good refuge, and Attenborough visits a prairie dog's nest, an elaborate edifice with air conditioning systems.


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Challenges of survival

Silk is held in such high esteem that those who cannot weave it themselves steal it from others.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The hermit hummingbird uses the silk it stole to make its nest on the underside of the leaf, while tailors weave the two leaves together.


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Challenges of survival

However, the master of complex nest-building is a weaver who does not hesitate to destroy the nest he has built from more than a thousand interwoven grass leaves unless it attracts enough females.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The beaver builds one of the largest animal dwellings: its wooden river hut is passed down by inheritance from generation to generation, and so it is constantly serviced.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Some stingless bee species use wax and resin to create complex labyrinthine constructions.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Many animals, such as hermit wasps and rock swallows, for example, use mud.


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Challenges of survival

Termites” sophisticated creations offer refuge, warmth, air conditioning, independent nurseries and gardens as well as sanitary facilities.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Considering the West African species a superior builder, Attenborough crawls inside the keo to show off its ventilation system.


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Challenges of survival

7: Co-Life, the episode, broadcast on November 15, 1990, focuses on species that cooperate and depend on each other, or exploit each other.


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Challenges of survival

Axish deer follow langur monkeys as they move from tree to tree as they eat.


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Challenges of survival

The elks eat the leaves that are falling off the monkeys, and in return observe the environment while the monkeys in turn descend to the ground to eat.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The hermit crab, which lives underwater, attaches sea anemones to its shell to protect themselves from the octopus, and the goby assists a near-blind shrimp species.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Fleas, lice and ticks are parasites: they do not have a mutual partnership with the host organism, but exploit it.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

However, parasites have their predators too, as they do in the Galápagos Islands, for example, where finches clean the giant turtle of ticks.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Parasitic witches do the same for giraffes in Africa, and in addition they use the hair that sheds the animal's fur as a softie for their nests.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Some species of fish clean others regularly, and wrasses and shrimp specialise in doing so, as does the remora, which hangs permanently attached to its host animal.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Parasites that grow inside its host include a worm which, once it ends up inside the snail, causes the snail to outright advertise itself so that it would be eaten by the bird.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Some microscopically small organisms inhabit the stomachs of large herbivores and assist in digesting cellulose there.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

8: The episode, broadcast on November 22, 1990, showcases how fights — both physical and psychological — resolve disputes over food, living space or mating partners.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Turf disputes are illustrated with the help of a hummingbird: Attenborough places a stuffed individual on another's turf, whereupon the latter goes pecking at the intruder.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Cichlid have little to mention weapons, so they cling to each other with their mouths, and the dispute is resolved by force.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The forelimbs of cotylefish crustaceans are so powerful that they can break another individual's shell; so disputes and wooing is risky.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Animals with lethal weapons tend not to use them against each other, as neither side usually wants to risk their lives.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

For example, venomous snakes tend to busting each other in wrestling rather than pinching each other.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Wolves and big felines use irritation and body language to signal threats.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Between competing zebras, on the other hand, no boundaries are known: kicking and biting are allowed long enough for the winner to be determined.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The giraffes, meanwhile, strike each other with their necks.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Usually very calm mountain gorillas are seen bickering until play suddenly becomes serious, and one loses control of their bladder in fear.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Large herbivores typically have horns to determine who the females belong to.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Mountain Capricorn and Deer males engage in fierce struggles with each other, which sometimes also end in death.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

9: Allies and Contestants, the episode aired on November 29, 1990, goes through the interactions of animals living in groups.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

On its own, the live eagle is mentioned as a counterpoint to the song swans, which land in Scotland after folding a 1,000-mile journey from Iceland.


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Challenges of survival

Once they get there, they have to fight for turf with those already present, and most typically couples and families do best.


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Challenges of survival

Attenborough illustrates the pecking order with common chickens.


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Challenges of survival

A herd of lions are seen working together as they recover with a bunch of kaffer buffalo.


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After pouring, each eats the carcass in turn.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Baboons live as groups of up to one hundred and fifty strong, and their complex power structures are presented in detail.


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Challenges of survival

Blood vampires illustrate reciprocal altruism when vomiting blood on any guest-mate left without nourishment.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Dwarf mangusts live in family groups of about a dozen individuals.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

While some are looking for food or sleeping, others keep an eye out for predators and make an alarm if necessary.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

An extreme example of cooperation is bald rats, whose 80-head colony is divided into workers digging tunnels, soldiers who act when danger threatens and a queen whose job is to breed.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Leaf-cutter ants carry food to underground layers, where the fungus makes cellulose edible for ants.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Each stage of the work is done by a different caste.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

10: The episode aired on Communication on December 6, 1990 focuses on the communication of animals.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In Kenya, Attenborough follows a native trailing a honeyguide to a beehive.


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Challenges of survival

The natives collect the honey from the nest, and some of it is left to the bird as a reward.


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Challenges of survival

A herd of hyena dogs chasing gazelles concentrates their yachts on an individual who doesn't jump as high as the others.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Larks avoid falling prey to a gunhawk by the same tactic: by continuing to sing, they signal to their pursuer that they are fit and thus harder to catch.


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In 80% of situations, this is true.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The screams of mangabes are among the most complex.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Their vocalizations are practically words; the vocabulary defines their predators in such a way that each alarm sound is associated with a specific threat.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Some animals signal spectacularly; Attenborough observes how thousands of fireflies illuminate the darkness.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Sound travels farther and faster in water, and more than two hundred species of fish use sound for communication.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Octopuses, on the other hand, use visual signals: they change their colour and also communicate with postures.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Finally, Attenborough is seen in the company of spotted dolphins.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

They communicate by ultrasound and each inherits a family-specific calling tone, a kind of surname, from their mother.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In addition, dolphins use common sounds, body language and touch — they are thus almost human in terms of communication abilities.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

11: The episode, broadcast on December 13, 1990, explores the means used to attract a partner, especially for birds.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The Indian little trap dwells in tall grass where you can't see far.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

So it has to jump high in the same place to get attention, sometimes up to four hundred times in the same day.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Whales sing to attract partners, and suitors are able to hear the female's vocalizations more than five miles away.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

When sending marriage messages, animals must also ensure that they do not target the wrong kind of partners, and so many have hallmarks that are markedly different from other species.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

As an example, Attenborough uses a mouthful.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

All species of mouths inhabit the same island, and the blue-leg mouth lifts its feet so as not to make mistakes when creating partnerships.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The tropics bird and brown-webbed hawk use aerial flying patterns in attracting a mate, while the burial bat relies on a strong odor.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The most spectacular cosiapples are with a lyric tail (whose singing skills lack reproach either), peacock and birds of paradise.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The set-up invites partner candidates to view their magazine lodge, which is decorated with strikingly colourful finds.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Trinidadian dancers use sophisticated dance performances as their name suggests.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Finally, Attenborough observes the cosiapples of topia antelopes, where the boundaries of used turf are jealously watched by males.


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Challenges of survival

12: The final episode, broadcast on 20 December 1990, describes how different species fulfil the purpose of their existence, that is to ensure that their genes are inherited to the next generation.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Although the problem is common to everyone, several different solutions have developed.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Barnacles are unable to move, but each individual has both male and female gametes, so each gubmate is a possible mate.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The second extreme is represented by an elephant female, which is carrying for a total of twenty-two months, so it is desirable for the chick to be sired by a male who has proved to be strong.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Thus, the female is very specific about her choice.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

The tsintsillana female is even more picky, and rejects unwanted suitors by urinating in their faces.


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Challenges of survival

Mating can be dangerous to do: the bird spider male approaches when selected very carefully.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

To succeed, it must avoid getting into the female's venom teeth.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

In some species, the right moment to team up can come extremely rarely.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

For example, a crab male must fertilize in order to wait for the female to create her shell.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Sea lion males fight for control of harems, and some individuals take advantage of the opportunity opened up as others fight to mate with reluctant females.


Question: How do you define mouths?

Challenges of survival

Attenborough points out that monogamy, to which most people are accustomed, is a rare phenomenon in the animal kingdom, but cites the king albatross as an example.


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Challenges of survival

Looks have a couple who bonded together when they were five years old, and have been together for twenty years.


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On DVD and book in the United Kingdom, the series is available as a four-disc DVD release and additionally as part of The Life Collection.


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Challenges of survival

A three-disc-long version has also been released in the past, with episodes truncated to 35 minutes.


Question: How do you define mouths?

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In Finland, the series has been released as a three-disc compilation with episodes in full format.


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The DVD releases include the 50-minute documentary The Making of The Trials of Life as additional material.


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Challenges of survival

A book written by David Attenborough, associated with the series, The Trials of Life: A Natural History of Behaviour, was published by BBC Books in August 1990.


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Challenges of survival

The book has been published in Finnish as Dangerous Adventure - Animal behavior in nature.


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[2] Sources Category:Nature Documents


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Brandon Dawayne Roy (born July 23, 1984 in Seattle) is an American professional basketball player who most recently represented the Minnesota Timberwolves.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Roy was born in Seattle, Washington, and attended Garfield after high school at the University of Washington.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Roy was booked to the NBA in 2006, where he represented the Portland Trail Blazers throughout his career.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He was selected in the 2006—07 season as the NBA's Rookie of the Year.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Roy announced his discontinuation of NBA basketball in 2011 due to numerous injuries.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

After a season break, however, he returned to the NBA for the Minnesota Timberwolves team.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Career Beginning of a career (—2002) Roy was born into a poor working family in Seattle.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

His father was a former high school basketball player and there was a lot of sports in the family.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

In his youth, Roy dabbled in football and American football, among other things, but he eventually focused on basketball.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Roy attended high school at Garfield High School, where he spent the inter-class time honing his basketball technique.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

In addition, he became known at school for his great effort.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Roy's first years on the high school team were difficult, and he didn't get any playing time.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

However, in his last two seasons of high school, he rose to the team's key players and was ranked on the list of the best high school players in the country.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Roy enrolled in the 2002 NBA reserve and attended the Portland Trail Blazers' camp.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He found himself still too undeveloped physically for the NBA, which is why he withdrew his name from the reserve.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

[1] University of Washington (2002—2006) Roy wanted after high school to play college basketball at the University of Washington, but an obstacle to this was his severe reading difficulty, which caused him not to get through tests with which he could have started studying.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He took the tests four times, during which time he was employed as a maintenance man at the Port of Seattle.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

After trying the fourth, Roy was able to start studying at university.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

On the school's basketball team, he rose to the starting five by the end of the season.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

In the 2003—04 season, he emerged as a regular in the team's opening position.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

The following season was supposed to be his breakthrough season, but he tore the meniscus in his right knee in a game and underwent surgery that kept him sidelined for numerous games.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

However, the team advanced to the top sixteen under Roy and Nate Robinson in the season's NCAA Tournament.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

[1] After the 2004—05 season, Roy again considered registering for the NBA reserve, where he would have been booked as the final players of the first round or first players of the second round.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He didn't want such a late booking number, which is why he returned to Washington for yet another final season.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Roy was moved to play the playmaker's playing position because Robinson had moved to the NBA.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

The new role suited him, as Roy scored 20.2 points per match.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He was selected as the conference's best player, in addition to leading his team to the top sixteen in the NCAA Tournament.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

[1] Portland (2006—2011) Roy enrolled in the 2006 reserve, and he attended camps for five NBA teams.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

[1] On the reserve, he was booked by the Minnesota Timberwolves as their sixth player, but his playing rights were immediately traded to Portland.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

[2] Roy scored 16.8 points in the 2006—07 season and contributed 4.0 points per game, with which he led the rookie stats.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He was forced to miss 19 games due to a heel injury.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

Despite this, he was selected as the season-ending rookie of the year.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

[3] In the 2007—08 season, Roy emerged as the team's top basketmaker and pitcher.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He also had the league's eleventh-best assists to loss ratio.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

He was selected for the NBA's constellation game, where he scored the most points for a West team.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

[3] Before the start of the following season, Roy had to undergo surgery on his knee for the third time in his career.


Question: When was Brandon Roy born?

Brandon Roy

The surgery involved removing cartilage in his left knee.