7.7.93 Official Journal of the European Communities No L 165/1 (Acts whose publication ist not obligatory) COUNCIL COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 93/16/EEC of 5 April 1993 to facilitate the free movement of’doctors and the mutual recognition of their diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 49, Article 57 (1) and (2), first and third sentences, and Article 66 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission, In cooperation with the European Parliament 1), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2), Whereas Council Directives 75/362/EEC of 16 June 1975 concerning the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications in medecine, including measures to facilitate the effective exercise of the right of establishment and freedom to provide services (3) and 75/363/EEC of 16 Juni 1975 concerning the coordination of provisions laid down by law, regulation or administrative action in respect of activities of doctors (4) have been frequently and substantially amended; whereas, therefore, for reasons of clarity and rationality, the said Directives should be consolidated; whereas it is in addition advisable, by grouping together the said Directives in a (1) OJ No C 125, 18. 5. 1992, p. 170; and O] No C 72,-15. 3. 1993. (2) OJ No C 98, 24. 4, 199%, p. 6. 3) O] No L 167, 30. 6. 1975, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 90/658/EEC (O] No L 353, 17. 12. 1990, p. 73). {4) OJ NoL 167, 30. 6. 1975, p. 14. Directive as last amended by . Directive 90/658/EEC (O] No L 353, 17. 12. 1990, p. 73). single text, to incorporate therein  Council Directive 86/457/EEC of 15 September 1986 on specific training in general medical practice (5); i Whereas, pursuant to the Treaty, all discriminatory treatment based on nationality with regard to establishment and provision of ‘services is prohibited as from the end of the transitional period; whereas the principle of such treatment based on nationality applies in particular to the grant of any authorization required to practise as a doctor and also to the registration with, or membership of, professional organizations or bodies; Whereas it nevertheless seems desirable that certain provisions be introduced to facilitate the effective exercise of the right of establishment and freedom to provide services in respect of the activities of doctors; Whereas, pursuant to the Treaty, the Member States are required not to grant any form of aid likely to distort the conditions of establishment; v Whereas Article 57 (1) of the Treaty provides that directives be issued for mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications; whereas the aim of this Directive is the recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence  of formal qualifications whereby activities in the field of medicine can be taken up and pursued and the recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications in respect of specialists; ‘Whereas, with regard to the training of specialists, mutual recognition of training qualifications is advisable where these qualifications, while not being a condition of access (%) O] No L 267, 19. 9. 1986, p. 26.