No L 237/28 Official Journal of the European Communities 22.9.93 COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 93/76/EEC of 13 September 1993 to limit carbon dioxide emissions by improving energy efficiency (SAVE) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Articles 130s and 235 thereof, Having regard ta the proposal from the Commission ('), Having regard to the opinion of the European Parli- ament (%), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (), Whereas, by its resolution of 16 September 1986 (%), the Council set new Community energy policy objectives for 1995 and convergence of the policies of the Member States ; Whereas the Council of Environment and Energy Minis- ters agreed at their meeting on 29 October 1990 that the Community and the Member States, assuming that other leading countries undertook similar commitments, and acknowledging the targets identified by a number of Member States for stabilizing or reducing emissions by different dates, were willing to take actions aimed at reaching stabilization of the total carbon dioxide emis- sions by the year 2000 at the 1990 level in the Commu- nity as a whole ; whereas it was also agreed that Member States which start from relatively low levels of energy consumption and therefore low emissions measured on a per capita or other appropriate basis are entitled to have carbon dioxide targets and/or strategies corresponding to their economic and social development, while improving the energy efficiency of their economic activities ; Whereas by Decision 91/565/EEC the Council adopted the SAVE programme aimed at promoting energy effici- ency in the Community (%) ; Whereas Article 130r of the Treaty stipulates that the objective of action by the Community relating to the environment shall be to ensure a prudent and rational utilization of natural resources; whereas these natural resources include oil products, natural gas and solid fuels, which are essential sources of energy but also the leading sources of carbon dioxide emissions ; () OJ No C 179, 16. 7. 1992, p. 8. () OJ No C 176, 28. 6. 1993. () OJ No C 19, 25. 1. 1993, p. 134, () OJ No C 241, 25. 9. 1986, p. 1. () OJ No L 307, 8. 11. 1991, p. 34. Whereas, since the Treaty has not provided elsewhere the powers required to legislate on energy-related aspects of the programmes laid down in this Directive, recourse should be had also to Article 235 of the Treaty; Whereas the residential and tertiary sectors account for nearly 40 % of final energy consumption in the Commu- nity and are expanding, a trend which is bound to increase their energy consumption and hence also their carbon dioxide emissions ; Whereas this Directive aims to preserve the quality of the environment and to ensure a prudent and rational utiliza- tion of natural resources, which are matters of non-exclu- sive Community competence ; Whereas a collective effort by all Member States, implying measures at Community level, is necessary in order to limit carbon dioxide emissions and to promote the rational use of energy; Whereas the measures are to be determined according to the principle of subsidiarity by Member States on the’ basis of potential improvements in energy efficiency, cost effectiveness, technical feasibility and environmental impact ; Whereas, by providing objective information on the energy characteristics of buildings, energy certification will help to improve transparency of the property market and to encourage investment in energy savings; Whereas the billing, to occupiers of buildings, of heating, air-conditioning and hot water costs calculated, in an appropriate proportion, on the basis of actual consump- tion will contribute towards energy saving in the residen- tial sector ; whereas it is desirable that occupants of such buildings should be enabled to regulate their own consumption of heat, cold and hot water; whereas the recommendations and resolutions adopted by the Council on the billing of heating and hot water costs (¥) have been applied in only two Member States ; whereas a significant proportion of heating, air-conditioning and hot water costs are still being billed on the basis of factors other than energy consumption ; () Recommendation 76/493/EEC (O] No L 140, 28. 5. 1976, p. 12). } : Recommendation 77/712/EEC (OJ No L 295, 18. 11. 1977, p. 1). ' Resolution of 9. 6. 1980 (0] No C 149, 18. 6. 1980, p. 3). Resolution of 15. 1. 1985 (O] No C 20, 22. 1. 1985, p. 1).