No L 149/14 Official Journal of the European Communities COUNCIL DECISION . of 17 May 1993 on the accession of the Communlty to the Protocol to the 1979 Geneva Conventnon on long-range transboundary air pollution concerning the control of emissions of mtrogen oxides or their transboundary fluxes (93/361/EEC) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European ‘Economic Community, and in particular Article 130s thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission (1), ‘Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (2), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (3), Whereas Article 130 (5) of the Treaty provides for active " cooperation by the Community and the Member States in international “ measures to protect the environment; whereas, because of the transboundary nature of air pollution, it is in the interest of the Community to participate in international measures designed to reduce this pollution; Whereas the Community is a contracting party to the Convention of the Exonomic Commission for Europe -of the United Nations on long-range transboundary air pollution (1979 Geneva Convention) (4) and to one of its protocols on ‘the financing of EMEP (Cooperative programme for monitoring and evaluation of the . long-range transmission of air pollutants in Europe) (5). Whereas Article 130 r (2) of the Treaty provides that measures by the Community should be based on the principles that preventive action should be taken and that environmental damage should as a priority be rectified at . source; whereas these principles have been enshrined, as regards air pollution, by several Community legal acts on (1) OJ No C 230, 4. 9. 1991, p. 61. (2) O] No C 150, 15. 6. 1992, p. 226. (3) O] No C 40, 17. 2. 1992, p. 11. (4) OJ No L 171, 27. 6. 1981, p. 11. (5) O] No L 181, 4. 7. 1986, p. 1. the reduction of emissions of nitrogen oxides from the main sources (motor vehicles and large combustion plants); Whereas the principle of rectification at source is one of the objectives of the NOx Protocol to the Convention, which lays down in particular a general objective of stabilizing total emissions of nitrogen oxides and provides for the application of emission standards and adoption of anti-pollution measures, while reserving the right to tighten up, if necessary obligations for subsequent negotiation; Whereas use of the best available technology not entailing excessive costs as set out in the fundamental obligations of the Protocol, has been enshrined since 1984 in Community law on the combating of air pollution of an industrial origin; whereas this same principle has become, since 1989, the basic philosophy for reducmg emissions from motor vehicles; Whereas, in view of the damage caused to the environment and in the light of the transboundary nature of long-range air pollution due to emissions. of nitrogen oxides, there should be joint action at international level; whereas the Community should accede to the Protocol on the reduction of emissions of nitrogen oxides or their transboundary fluxes; Whereas the stabilization of total emissions of nitrogen oxides is a first important step; whereas there is a need to reduce significantly the level of current emissions of both nitrogen oxides and all nitrogenized pollutants in the Community as a whole, HAS DECIDED AS FOLLO‘SVS: Article 1 The European Economic Community hereby accedes to the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on . long-range transboundary air pollution concerning the control of 21.6.93 -