9..2. 88 Official Journal of the European Communities No L 36/1 (Acts whose publication is not obligatory) COUNCIL COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 3 December 1987 amending Directive 70/220/EEC on the approximation of thé laws of the Member Stafes ' relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by gases from the engines of motor ) vehicles ’ (88/76/EEC) THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 100A _thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commis- sion (1), In cooperation with the European Parliament (2), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (3), Whereas it is important to adopt measures with the aim of progressively establishing the internal market over a period expiring on 31 December 1992; whereas the internal market shall comprise an area without internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured; Whereas the first programme of action of the Euro- pean Communities on the protection of the environ- ment, approved by the Council on 22 November 1973, called for account to be taken of the latest scientific (1) O No C 178, 6.7. 1984, p. 9, OJ No C 318, 29. 11. 1984, p. 6, and OJ No C 257, 28.9. 1987, p. 1. (?) Opinion published in OJ No C 12, 14.1. 1985, p. 65, and OJ No C 190, 20.7. 1987, p. 180, and position of Parlia- ment on 18 November 1987 (OJ No C 345, 21. 12. 1987, p- 59). (3) OJ No C 25, 28. 1. 1985, p. 46. advances in combating atmospheric pollution caused by gases emitted from motor vehicles and for Direc- tives adopted previously to be amended accordingly; whereas the third programme of action provides for additional efforts to be made to reduce considerably the present level of emissions of pollutants from motor vehicles; Whereas Directive 70/220/EEC (#) lays down the limit values for carbon monoxide and unburnt hydro- carbon emissions from such engines; whereas these limit values were first reduced by Directive 74/290/EEC (5) and supplemented, in accordance with Directive 77/102/EEC (6), by limit values for permissible emissions of nitrogen oxides; whereas the limit values for these three pollutants were success- ively reduced by Directives 78/665/EEC (7) and 83/351/EEC (8); Whereas the work undertaken by the Commission in connection with its policy of pursuing a comprehen- sive approach to the development of rules for the motor vehicle industry has shown that the European industry already has available, or is currently perfec- ting, engine technology which will allow a further reduction in limit values; whereas during the period under consideration such a reduction will not jeopar- dize the aims of Community policy in other fields, and in particular in that of the rational use of energy; (4) OJ No L 76, 6. 4. 1970, p. 1. (5) OJ No L 159, 15. 6. 1974, p. 61. (6) OJ No L 32, 3.2. 1977, p. 32. (7) OF No L 223, 14.8. 1978, p. 48. (%) OJ No L 197, 20.7. 1983, p. 1.