<prompt> Kərmai khanate dә shima 1466 lan daano, amma Golden Horde dәn kalkal ro walzәnyi sai loktu Horde dәye 1502 lan datәgәna dәn. Suro saa 1459 lan mai Golden Hordebe Küchük Muhammad dә kәmuwono kuru kәrmai dә yakkәnzә Ahmed Khan bin Küchük, kәmoduwu Russiabe suro saa 1480 dәye kәla Mahmud bin Küchükye dәn cidiya Astrakhan yen. Khanate dә shima Mahmudye au kәranzә Qasim Iye asuzәna. Khans Astrakhanye samma so dә Mahmudye au kәranzә Ahmedye. Ambrogio Contariniye suro saa 1476 lan na dǝro lewono. Howorth kawu ye wono Ahmed-a Ibak Khan-a ye sha nabtəramzaa kawu saa 1480 ye lan. Wikipedia Russiabe dǝye kal wono Ibakss brother-a kuru Nogais-a ye suro saa 1492 lan kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga kǝrmai dǝga. Shiye loktu gana-ganas lan Crimea lan gowotə Mehmed I Giray suro saa 1523 kuru Sahib I Giray suro saa 1549. Khanate dǝ kǝla lamarra askǝrabe-a diplomaticbe-a Crimea-a, Nogai-a kuru yimlan Circassians-a dǝn mbeji. Lardә Moscowbe-a rokko diplomatic ye dә suro saa 1532 lan au buroye lan badiyatә. Loktu adǝ lan Moscow dǝ shima kǝla fuwunna ro kǝrtǝ Kazan ye dǝga wuzǝna, shi dǝwo saa 1552 lan kǝrmai Kazan ye dǝga kǝrmai Kazan ye dǝga kǝrmai Kazan ye dǝga wuzǝna. Kuru shiye dunoa sǝdǝna kǝla Volga kate Kazan-a Astrakhan-a yen, awo laa suro hawarra yen bayantǝnyi. Suro saa 1551 lan, Yamghurchi Astrakhan ye Moscow ro sha surodən zəkkə. Loktu ganala dәn shiye na gade falzәna kuru Crimea-a Nogays-aa kəlzәna. Russia ye askǝr 30,000 kǝlanzǝro zuwuna. Suro saa 1554 lan shiye bǝladiya dǝa kolzǝna kuru Russia dǝye amzǝ Dervish Ali Astrakhani dǝa sǝdǝna, shi dǝn karǝngǝro am Crimeanbe-a kǝla lamarǝ dǝga badiyono. Russia ye askərwa nguwu zuzana kuru Astrakhana cuwudo saa 1556 lan, kasuwu ngəwu kərmaiye Volga ye dəga fulutə. Suro saa 1558 lan Astrakhan dǝ km 12 anǝmro na kǝrmabe dǝro koltǝna. Saa 1569 lan Ottomans dǝ raksǝ  <response>: Astrakhan Islam ro waltǝ sǝdinro. 