 Complete the following phrase:  The Medici became leaders of Christendom through their two famous 16th century popes, Leo X and Clement VII. Both also served as de facto political rulers of Rome, Florence, and large swaths of Italy known as the Papal States. They were generous patrons of the arts who commissioned masterpieces such as Raphaels Transfiguration and Michelangelos The Last Judgment; however, their reigns coincided with troubles for the Vatican, including Martin Luthers Protestant Reformation and the infamous 