 In his Ethics (1130s), Peter Abelard contrasted consent and will, suggesting that if one consents to a goal, one also consents to the necessary means, whereas one can will the goal without willing the necessary means to it. Abelard’s terminological point concerning the use of “will” as extended to rational and lower parts of the soul did not find many supporters. Most thinkers did not agree that whatever is called “willed” is emotionally liked, but took the “will” to behave like Abelard’s “consent”. Separating will and emotions, they argued that reluctantly chosen acts can be said to be willed (Knuuttila 2004).