 When are we justified in performing such an act of accountability? Since holding agents responsible for harm sheds a negative light on them and frequently results in calls for compensation and/or punishment, we generally insist on taking fairness seriously in this context and, in our efforts to take fairness seriously, we generally require accuracy with respect to the facts of responsibility. Indeed, we often combine these two conditions and say that it would not be fair to hold an agent responsible for harm if he, she, or it was not really responsible for it.