 The second step consists of showing that there are quantum states and experimental set-ups that are such that the quantum-mechanical expectation values violate the inequality (8). This shows that no theory satisfying the factorizability condition can reproduce the statistical predictions of quantum mechanics in all situations. Moreover, the inequality furnishes a bound on how close the predictions of such a theory can come to reproducing quantum mechanical predictions. The inequality (8), due to Clauser, Horne, Shimony, and Holt (1969), is known as the CHSH inequality. 