 Hall (2008), Martinez (2011), and Klein (2007) offer accounts of pain that belong to the class of motivational theories. They call their views ‘imperative’ theories (or, imperativism as the views have come to be known), according to which pains are experiences with purely intentional content: according to Hall and Martinez, pains have mixed intentional contents partly consisting of descriptive content, and partly of imperative content. On these views, pain experiences both represent actual or potential damage in body parts and command certain actions involving those parts such as: “Stop! Stop doing what you’re doing with this bodily part” (Hall 2008: 534), or &lt;See to it that this bodily damage is no more!&gt; (Martinez 2011).