 Pity and envy were treated as different forms of other-regarding distress in Nemesius of Emesa (c. 19) and John Damascene (c. 28); for pity, compassion and mercy, see also Aquinas, Summa theologiae II-2, 30. Love as liking with respect to another person’s prosperity was also a traditional characterization (cf. Aristotle, Rhet. II.4). The somewhat less used idea of hate as liking with respect to another person’s troubles was included in Calcidius’s Latin list of emotions in his fourth-century commentary on the Timaeus (ed. Waszink 1975: 216–217). Liking and dislike were also used as principles in Radulfus Ardens’s late twelfth-century classification that otherwise was closer to the approach of Isaac of Stella (Speculum universale, book V).