 Given that a necessary condition of a belief’s being justified is that it be based on an appropriate reason, which theory of the basing relation one adopts may have significant implications for one’s theory of epistemic justification. For example, accepting a doxastic or a causal-doxastic theory of the basing relation would appear to be at odds with the fundamental intuition behind causal theories of justification (e.g., reliabilism), which assert that a belief is justified merely by being caused in an appropriate way. On a doxastic or causal-doxastic theory, a belief may be based on a good reason (and thus, we may suppose, be justified) even if the belief were not caused in the appropriate way or even if the belief were, somehow, not caused at all.