  From 1950 Turing worked on a new mathematical theory of morphogenesis, based on showing the consequences of non-linear equations for chemical reaction and diffusion (Turing 1952). He was a pioneer in using a computer for such work. Some writers have referred to this theory as founding Artificial Life (A-life), but this is a misleading description, apt only to the extent that the theory was intended, as Turing saw it, to counter the Argument from Design. A-life since the 1980s has concerned itself with using computers to explore the logical consequences of evolutionary theory without worrying about specific physiological forms. Morphogenesis is complementary, being concerned to show which physiological pathways are feasible for evolution to exploit. Turing's work was developed by others in the 1970s and is now regarded as central to this field. 