 In order to understand the theoretical aspects of the School of Salamanca, it is necessary to give a short introduction to the history of the University of Salamanca. The focus will then turn to two Dominicans, Francisco de Vitoria and Domingo de Soto, and two Jesuits, Luis de Molina and Francisco Suárez, though there were, of course, many other extremely important participants in the various fields of discourse in which the School engaged.