 The coherence of the notion of “pragmatic ambiguity” and, more generally, the proper treatment of metalinguistic negation (or, following Carston 1996, echoic negation) have been matters of considerable dispute; for a range of competing views, see McCawley 1991, Geurts 1998, Burton-Roberts 1999, and Carston 1999. Pitts 2011 provides an excellent overview of the phenomenon (or phenomena) in question.