 Reactions to causal deviance vary widely. Some are convinced that the problem is hopeless (Anscombe 1989, pp. 110–1; Wilson 1989, Ch. 9; O’Brien 2007, Ch. 8). Others aim to solve it by distinguishing deviance in the causation of non-basic actions, performed by intentional means, from deviance in basic intentional action. The former happens when things do not happen as we planned; the latter can be solved by appeal to forms of causal direction or guidance found outside the province of intentional action (Thalberg 1984; Mele 1992, Ch. 11; Setiya 2007a, pp. 31–2, Hyman 2014). But the existence of basic intentional actions is disputed (Lavin 2013), as is their internal structure or teleology (Valaris 2015; Small 2019).