 Another view is that immersion, while perhaps helpful, is not strictly necessary. What is necessary is recognizing the priority of the participants’ perspective, and using that perspective to characterize the activities that need to be understood in the first place (Taylor 1971; McCarthy 1973). If we want to make sense of what looks like (say) voting or praying in another culture, we need to adopt that culture’s way of identifying what counts as voting or praying (which perhaps will turn out to be a distinct but closely related activity, such as voting* or praying*). Carving up the behavior according to our own categories will only misrepresent what is happening and lead to misunderstanding.