 In the first decades of the twentieth century, the members of the so-called “Munich and Göttingen circles” of phenomenology made important contributions to philosophy of mind, philosophy of language, philosophy of action, epistemology, social philosophy, axiology, and ontology. Some of the most prominent members of these circles are Alfred Brunswig, Theodor Conrad, Hedwig Conrad-Martius, Johannes Daubert, August Gallinger, Moritz Geiger, Roman Ingarden, Alexander Pfänder, Adolf Reinach, Wilhelm Schapp, Max Scheler, Kurt Stavenhagen, Edith Stein, and Gerda Walther. The ideas of these authors were influenced by such thinkers as Henri Bergson, Bernard Bolzano, Franz Brentano, Theodor Lipps, Hermann Lotze, Anton Marty, Alexius Meinong, and—perhaps to a more significant degree—by the work of Edmund Husserl.