 It is common to ascribe actions, intentions, and representational states—including belief states—to collections or groups of people. Such collections would include juries, panels, governments, assemblies, teams, etc. The State of California might be said to know that chemical XYZ is a cause of cancer. What does it take for a group to believe something? Some take what is called the “summative approach”—a group believes something just in case all, or almost all, of its members hold the belief (see, for instance, Quinton 1976: 17). Margaret Gilbert, however, has pointed out that in ordinary language use it is common to ascribe a belief to a group without assuming that all members hold the belief in question. In seeking to address why this usage is acceptable, she advances a “collective” account of group belief. Under this view: