 Predation, for example, is commonly thought of as a process that involves one animal killing and consuming another. Nibbling on plants counts only as herbivory, and bacteria consuming other microbes used to be considered parasitic or perhaps even herbivorous, depending on whether their “prey” photosynthesized (Guerrero et al. 1986). Early discoveries of explicitly predatory behavior in bacteria announced them as “the first parasitic organism that attacks [other] bacteria in a recognizably predatory fashion”, despite being smaller than their prey (Stolp &amp; Starr 1963: 242). Nowadays, a large range of predatory behaviors are acknowledged in bacteria as more is discovered about microbial diversity in behavior and feeding mode (Pérez et al. 2016). These discoveries have broadened the category of predation, and provide means by which to investigate the general phenomenon of predation and its ecological impact. For many research purposes, bacterial predators and prey function as models for more general relationships of this sort, and can even show the limitations of current theory (e.g., Gause’s experience with his eukaryotic microbes).