The underlying argument here is that certain sorts of payment, or payment in certain circumstances, exert undue influence on a person's decision (Nuffield Council on Bioethics 2002). Accusations of undue inducement almost always occur in one of two different contexts. The first is where the ‘victim’ of the inducement is in desperate need of money; the second is where the ‘victim’ is not desperate, but is offered such a huge amount of money to do X that doing X becomes almost irresistible. Wilkinson terms these ‘desperate offeree’ cases and ‘enormous offer’ cases. One notable thing that these have in common is that there is a huge gap between the offeree's welfare-level if s/he does not accept the offer, and her welfare-level if s/he does accept (Wilkinson 2003).