 Given the money pump argument and the puzzle of the self-torturer, we can, it seems, conclude that although intransitive preferences are sometimes understandable, acting on them can be far from sensible. (Note, however, that, as Duncan MacIntosh (2010) suggests, the notion of “an unacceptable situation” plays an important role here and the question of how to cash out this notion stands in need of additional attention. For a recent attempt at addressing this issue, see (Andreou 2015), wherein instrumental rationality is portrayed as accountable to “subjective appraisal responses” that go beyond the agent’s preferences and that sometimes allow some outcomes in a “preference loop” to figure as (rationally) acceptable and others to figure as (rationally) unacceptable.)