 This is a stronger claim than many would make (see Margolis 1960; Sibley 1965; Schellekens 2006; and Robson 2018) but theses in aesthetics do sometimes depend on claims, including scientifically tractable claims, about the nature of perception. A notable example is the debate about whether perception is cognitively penetrable; if it is, the way a picture looks or a piece of music sounds may depend on what the observer knows about contextual factors (for the rejection of cognitive penetrability see Danto 2001; for criticism see Rose &amp; Nanay 2022).