 Depending on whether the delusion has some understandable origin and we can defend it with arguments, it can be described as primary or secondary. The traditional way of distinguishing primary from secondary delusions relied on the notion that primary delusions ‘arise out of nowhere’ (Jaspers 1963). This traditional characterization of the distinction is problematic, because it is difficult to establish whether there are antecedents of the delusion, and for other methodological and clinical reasons (e.g., Miller and Karoni 1996, p. 489). A delusion may arise out of our previous adverse experience that is not known to other, and some studies show that even very unusual beliefs can be made sense of in the context of our lives (Gunn and Larkin 2020). 