 So far, the theory has talked about the ideas of secondary qualities, and their relation to the physical goings on that lead to these ideas arising in the mind. But what are colors, sounds, and smells? Two accounts can be found in Locke. First, there is the dispositional theory: secondary qualities are powers or dispositional properties in the object to produce certain ideas in us. Thus to say that something is, for example, red is to say that it has a capacity or power, based in the physical microstructure of its surface, to cause the characteristic idea of red in normal human observers in standard conditions. Second, there is the subjective theory: colors, sounds, etc. are not in objects; rather, they are identified with the ideas in the perceiving subject caused by those objects. Both accounts exist in tension in Locke, though it is now generally agreed that the former view represents his “official” position. The dispositional account has the advantage of preserving the truth of many of the things that we want to say about secondary qualities: for an object standardly retains a power even when it is not being exercised. Salt is soluble whether or not it is immersed in water; red objects remain red under lighting conditions that make them look a different color, or even in the absence of light. But the subjective account gained considerable currency through the writings of Berkeley and Hume, who took it to be the one Locke was offering.