 Philo was probably the non-Stoic thinker who most frequently drew upon both Stoic themes and vocabulary. Many scholars have noticed the strong influence of Stoicism on Philo, and he is described frequently as a Platonizing Stoic. However, matters are a bit more complex. Given his Jewish faith, he couldn’t refuse the Stoic conception of a perfectly organized world in which mankind had a privileged status among all other living creatures. One can add that the specific vocabulary of Stoicism had become a kind of lingua franca of intellectual discourse, used even by those who had no special affinity with the Stoics. At the same time, Philo was aware that the Stoic refusal of transcendence created an unbridgeable gap between his own spiritual identity and Stoicism. There is a huge debt of Philo towards Stoicism, but at the same time, he could claim to have repaid this debt by bringing Stoicism in the direction of truth. Philo never says exactly the same things as the Stoics. Despite their apparent similarities, there always remains a difference–sometimes barely perceptible, but always highly significant—between his doctrines and those of the Stoics. These differences can be distributed into four categories: