 While epidemiology-focused EBM is partly in tension with most of the rest of laboratory-focused biomedicine—needing it but seeing it as in service to randomized control trials on patients—both EBM and other branches of biomedicine are united by a valuing of precise measurement. While precise measurement is achievable in the biochemistry lab, the practical and philosophical challenges are thornier when doing measurement at the level of the whole person or the population. What is well-being (Alexandrova 2017)? By what standards can we call a population healthy (Hausman 2015)? What sorts of social structures, policies, and interventions are effective for promoting health (Valles 2018)? How do we identify which subgroups are left out of the benefits and prevent injustices being done to them (Maglo 2010, 2012)? What sorts of values are at stake when we debate biomedical evidence surrounding culturally issues such as birthing practices (McClimans 2017)? A common theme shared by these critiques is a concern about the fickleness and contingency of measurement leaving much room for practitioners’ values and motivations to shape the results of the measurement process, for good or for ill.