 Vallier and John Thrasher (2015) think public reasons are poor assurance signals. They raise problems associated with cheap talk and misinformation. These factors may be present even in well-ordered societies. Kogelmann and Steven H. W. Stich (2016) embrace convergence discourse for stability. Convergence allows people to use diverse reasons as costly signals of cooperative inclinations. It takes a great deal of effort to speak the political languages of various groups. The use of diverse discourse can thus create stability. This literature continues to bear fruit.