 Contemporary defenders of collective responsibility sometimes recall Hobbes’s Leviathan in their own attempt to develop a collective subject (see for example: Copp 1980). But they do not, in light of Hobbes’s own authoritarianism, go as far as to accept Hobbes’s argument that a Leviathan is necessary to capture the collective will. Nor do they generally toy with the possibility of reintroducing the seemingly more benevolent general will of Rousseau (1762) as a way of substantiating group intentions. Instead, they look for an alternative, less authoritarian, way of substantiating group intentions—representational or not—or else argue that group intentions of the sort associated with traditional Kantian notions of moral agency are not after all necessary to collective moral responsibility.