To illuminate the latter phenomenon it might be helpful to reflect on issues of fictionality and imagination—a fifth important research strand. As Cain Todd (2012) argues, the awareness of fictionality of sexual representations ensures that one’s imaginative engagement implies merely imagined “desire-like” states, whereas the voyeuristic appreciation of a stripper’s erotic dance seems to preclude this sort of engagement, and in virtue of doing so, involves real sexual desire. One might think that, characteristically, arousal-directed imagining towards a sexual representation is de se in that one uses the image as a prop to imagine committing or witnessing certain sexual acts and, indeed, Todd argues that the engagement with sexual imagery can possess certain cognitive values, insofar as it involves the self in de se imaginative projects. But notwithstanding the apparent plausibility of such claims, this is denied by Stock (2012) who argues that enjoying erotica does not always involve imagining something about oneself.