 The terms “framework” and “approach” are used here to describe biomedicine, in an attempt to avoid narrowly overcommitting to any particular philosophical system. Biomedicine may or may not qualify as one of Thomas Kuhn’s “paradigms”, in the way that the heliocentric model of the solar system is a paradigm—a complex worldview in which the viewpoints cannot be straightforwardly translated back-and-forth with an alternative paradigm (i.e., if we try to translate the concepts of biomedicine to the pre-biomedical concepts of humoral theory, discussed in  Section 1.2  (Kuhn 1962). Alternatively, biomedicine seems to qualify as one of Imre Lakatos’ Research Programmes, a different way of conceiving of the way that research communities intellectually cohere (Lakatos 1968). It’s a question of how biomedicine serves as a means of organizing and guiding research.