  Moral value pluralism should be distinguished from political pluralism. Political pluralism, which, like moral value pluralism, is often referred to as ‘value pluralism’, is a view associated with political liberalism. Political pluralism is concerned with the question of what sort of restrictions governments can put on people’s freedom to act according to their values. One version of political pluralism is based on moral value pluralism, claiming that there are irreducibly plural moral values and that this justifies a liberal political system. (See Isaiah Berlin, 1969; George Crowder, 2002; William Galston, 2002, and for a more detailed discussion of this see the entry on  Isaiah Berlin).  Political Liberalism need not be based on value pluralism: a defence of toleration of different value systems need not rely on the claim that there are plural moral values. We shall leave political pluralism aside for the purposes of this entry, and concentrate on moral value pluralism.