 One way to address the issue is to connect introspection to attention. Philosophical conceptions of introspective attention construe it as capable of directly focusing on phenomenal properties and experiences. As this idea is fleshed out, however, it is clearly not a form of attention studied by cognitive science, for the posited direct introspective attention is neither perceptual attention nor what psychologists call internal attention (e.g., the retrieval of thought contents as in memory recollection; (Chun, Golomb, &amp; Turk-Browne 2011)). Calibrating introspection as it is used in the science of consciousness would benefit from concrete models of introspection, models we lack (see Spener 2015, for a general form of calibration).