But all is not lost for fairness norms. Batson was able to discover two variables which separately helped to ensure that motivation to be fair did win out. The first variable was the introduction of a mirror. The setup was as usual with no labeling of the coin, but now a mirror was propped up against a wall on the only table where participants could fill out their forms. For one group of participants, the mirror was facing them; for the other, it was turned to the wall. This ended up making a significant difference (Batson et al. 1999: 530):