 The extent of George Berkeley’s occasionalism is also a matter of some controversy. But there is general agreement among interpreters that Berkeley was an occasionalist with regard to the causal powers of physical objects. That is, physical objects for Berkeley are not causally active in bringing about any events in the world. This denial is not surprising, if we consider the basic makeup of physical objects in Berkeley’s ontological scheme, along with his views about the passivity of ideas. For, according to Berkeley, physical objects, properly understood, are but bundles or collections of ideas, and ideas are manifestly passive—no power or activity is perceived in them (PHK  25).[8]