 This is not an ad hoc revision to the view designed to defend it against situationist challenges. Plato and Aristotle long ago thought that virtue is rare, as have most philosophers working on character throughout the intervening years (see DePaul 1999 on Plato and Nicomachean Ethics 1099b29–32, 1103b16–31, 1152a30–34, 1179b25–29, 1180a1–5, 15–19). As Aristotle wrote, 