  The theoretical reasons for new axioms that the non-pluralist gives are quite different that the theoretical reasons that are customarily at play in mathematics, in part because, having stepped into the realm of independence, a more subtle form of justification is required, one that relies more heavily on sophisticated mathematical machinery. The dispute between the pluralist and the non-pluralist is thus one that lies at the intersection of philosophy and mathematics—on the one hand, it is intimately connected with some of the central questions of philosophy of mathematics, such as the question of realism and the nature of justification; on the other hand, it addresses these questions in a manner that is sensitive to a great deal of sophisticated mathematics. 