 Arguing that \(\Delta(Q, Q')\) provides a sensible measure for the inaccuracy or noise about position, and \(\Delta(P, P')\) for the disturbance of momentum by any such joint unsharp measurement, the authors conclude, in contrast to Ozawa’s analysis, that an error-disturbance uncertainty relation does hold, which they take as “a remarkable vindication of Heisenberg’s intuitions” in the microscope thought experiment.