 In both of these cases, and others, there is a generic problem that we do better at coping with if we (or enough of us) subscribe to norms or standards with a content well-suited to addressing the problem. Pluralist teleology begins with this idea and uses it, first, to develop an account of the truth conditions of normative propositions of morality (Copp 2007, 2009), prudential rationality (Copp 2007: chap 10), and epistemology (Copp 2014), and second, to develop an account of normativity (Copp 2015). This account says, roughly, that normative facts of a given kind are grounded in the content of the system of standards that would best address the corresponding problem of normative governance. This view is another example of mind-independent normative realism and of reductive normative naturalism.