 al-Farabi |  -->Arabic and Islamic Philosophy, special topics in: essence and existence--> |  atheism and agnosticism |  Emerson, Ralph Waldo |  -->Epicureanism--> |  epistemology |  existence |  free will |  Ibn Sina [Avicenna] |  -->individuals and individuation--> |  Neoplatonism |  Plato |  properties |  Stoicism |  Thoreau, Henry David 