 These examples show there is yet another issue in the debate over species that requires philosophical attention. Recently, the choice of a species concept in some cases turns on non-epistemic values, that is, moral or social values. This is a departure from the view that only epistemic or metaphysical concerns should affect the choice of species concepts. If moral and social considerations should be taken into account when selecting species concepts, there are philosophical questions to consider. For example, one might wonder when it is legitimate to use a non-epistemic value in accessing a species concept? Or one might wonder what should be done if conflicting but legitimate non-epistemic values favor different species concepts? As this section demonstrates, philosophical questions concerning species are not limited to epistemic or metaphysical questions. The concept of species is also entangled with moral and social issues.