 Goodman and Elgin draw a distinction between something being a representation of a \(Z\), and something being a \(Z\)-representation (Elgin 2010: 1–2; Goodman 1976: 21–26). A painting of a unicorn is a unicorn-representation because it shows a unicorn, but it is not a representation of a unicorn because there are no unicorns. Being a \(Z\)-representation is a one-place predicate that categorises representations according to their subject matter. Being a representation of something is established by denotation; it is a binary relation that holds between a symbol and the object which it denotes. The two can, but need not, coincide. Some dog-representations are representations of dogs, but not all are (e.g., a caricature of Churchill), and not all representations of dogs are dog-representations (e.g., a lightening bolt may represent the fastest greyhound at the races).