 Formalism has been defended by Evan Tiffany (2007; see also Hubin 2001), and it seems to be implicit in places where it is not explicitly defended. It is compatible with a variety of positions, including normative realism, as we will explain. Yet formalism is a radical view. It seems to imply that, other things being equal, the reason to castle early is no different with respect to its authority over actions or decisions, and with respect to its normativity, from the reason to be honest and truthful.