 Much recent work has been devoted to explaining how the semantic differences between indicative and subjunctive conditionals can be derived from their linguistic differences—rather than treating them as semantically unrelated. Much of this work has been done in light of Kratzer’s (1986, 2012) general approach to modality according to which all conditionals are treated as two-place modal operators. This approach is also discussed in the supplement  Indicative and Subjunctive Conditionals.[5]  This entry will focus on the basic logic and truth-conditions of subjunctive conditionals as a whole, and will use the following notation for them (following Stalnaker  1968).[6]