  (C) even combined with (H) does not rule out the possibility that some lexical items are syncategorematic, i.e. that they are meaningless but contribute nevertheless to the meanings of larger expressions in which they occur. Formal languages often contain such expressions. For example, in the language of the propositional calculus, the Boolean connectives are not assigned anything by the interpretation function. Rather, semantic clauses specify the interpretation of complex expressions in which they occur as the main connective.   