 On the other hand, Leibniz worried that the metaphysical bias for simplicity, when driven to its logical conclusion, yields the embarrassing prediction that there is nothing. After all, an empty world would be free of objects trying to elbow each other out. It is the world that requires the least effort to produce (Just do nothing!) and sustain (Continue doing nothing!). So why is there something rather than nothing? Even if there were previously something, why is there still something? Why is so much still going on? To avoid an answer that assigns us a special position in history, we would have to model the universe as a perpetual motion machine. 