 Bayes’ Theorem |  causation: probabilistic |  confirmation |  empiricism: logical |  epistemology: Bayesian |  Hempel, Carl |  induction: problem of |  mechanism in science |  probability, interpretations of |  Reichenbach, Hans |  Reichenbach, Hans: common cause principle |  scientific discovery |  scientific explanation |  scientific realism |  space and time: absolute and relational space and motion, classical theories |  space and time: conventionality of simultaneity 