 (i) For an adherent of the first model such as Chapa, the appearing object, the object that manifests itself in cognition, and the apprehended object, what cognition apprehends, are one and the same thing (“appearing object” does not even figure as a distinct category of cognitive object). “Appearing” (snang ba) is held to be a mental operation shared by all types of cognition. As such, each cognition is held to have its apprehended object, and a threefold typology of awareness is established on the basis of three sorts of apprehended objects, which are exhaustive of what can appear in cognition: