In large part because of the problems discussed in 9.4, many classical conditioning theorists gave up the traditional program. Some, like Garcia, appeared to give up the classical theoretical framework altogether (Garcia et al. 1974), others, such as Rescorla and Wagner, tried to usher the framework into the modern era (see, Rescorla and Wagner 1972; Rescorla 1988), where conditioning is seen as sensitive to base rates and driven by informational  pick-up.[36]  Whether this movement is interpreted as a substantive revision of classical conditioning (Rescorla 1988; Heyes 2012) or a wholesale abandoning of it (Gallistel and King 2009) is debatable.