 Gatecrasher (Cohen 1977). It is known that 499 people paid for admission to a rodeo, but the total number of spectators was 1000. Suppose no paper tickets were issued and no witness could identify those who paid. For any spectator picked at random, it is more than 50% likely that they did not pay for admission. But even if this probability is above the .5 threshold for civil liability, it would be odd that the rodeo organizers could win a lawsuit against any of the spectators simply by presenting the 449-out-of-1000 naked statistics.