 If we think of ‘action’ as here referring to bodily behaviour then the selection-for-action theory is very similar to Neisser’s view. But Neumann and Allport’s point retains its force if we extend the notion of action to include deliberate mental activities, such as puzzle-solving, for which no bodily limitations are in play. There is here an “analogy between practical and theoretical and activity”, which was noted in an 1891 paper by G. F. Stout: