 Although Olivi did not leave behind systematic treatises on political philosophy, his works touched upon several politically loaded theological and philosophical ideas. In particular, he played a central role in the controversy over how rigorously to understand the Franciscan vow of poverty, which would have a lasting effect on medieval political reality (Burr 1989, 2001). Although the controversy centered on Franciscan poverty and was thus strongly motivated by theological worries and Church politics, it is not difficult to see that it has several philosophical dimensions to it. For instance, it has been argued that the modern conception of subjective rights was first developed in the debate between the Franciscan order and the pope over the correct interpretation of poverty and the vow (see, e.g., van Duffel 2010).