  Every scientific enterprise requires formal and semi-formal models which allow the quantitative characterization of its objects of study. The attempt to transform the philosophical study of knowledge into a scientific discipline which approaches knowledge as a biological phenomenon is no different. Much of the evolutionary epistemology literature has been concerned with how to conceive of knowledge as a natural phenomenon, what difference this would make to our understanding of our place in the world, and with answering objections to the project. There are, as well, a number of more technical projects which attempt to provide the theoretical tools necessary for a naturalistic epistemology. 