 As noted in  Section 4,  criticisms of the EU requirement of a complete preference ordering are motivated by both epistemic and desire/value considerations. On the value side, many contend that a rational agent may simply find two options incomparable due to their incommensurable qualities. (Here a prominent usage of these terms will be followed, whereby particular options may be described as incomparable in value, while general properties or dimensions of value may be described as incommensurable.) As in, the agent’s evaluations of the desirability of sure options may not be representable by any precise utility function. Likewise, on the belief side, some contend (notably, Joyce 2010 and Bradley 2017) that the evidence may be such that it does not commit a rational agent to precise degrees of belief measurable by a unique probability function.