 In Latin America, the discussions about science and values have traditionally focused on the question of the dependence of scientific research in Latin American countries on the agenda set by central countries. Due to their local interest, most of the material was written in Spanish. In 1971, a debate, remembered until today for its philosophical and political significance, confronted Oscar Varsavsky and Gregorio Klimovsky in Argentina. For Varsavsky (1971), since science is essentially ideology-laden, ideology must appear explicitly in scientific policy as a guide toward a new social order. Klimovsky (1971), by contrast, advocated for a neutral basic science: politics appear mostly in the application of scientific knowledge. The original debate was complemented with the contribution of other prominent Argentine thinkers, and appeared in 1975 as the book Ciencia y Ideología. Aportes polémicos (Klimovsky et al. 1975). In the same year, Jorge Sabato compiled a significant book with articles by more than twenty specialists about ideology in science, relations between science, technology, and society, the structural scientific-technological dependence of Latin America, the production of technology, and the planning of scientific-technological development in Latin American countries. The lively debates of those years were drastically interrupted by the military coup d’état in Argentina in 1976.