 Looking at policy-oriented bioethics, here the bioethicist assists in the development of policies affecting large numbers of people on issues of bioethical relevance (such as the rationing of kidney dialysis services, or the availability of medical assistance in dying). There are challenges upfront with the bioethicist’s invoking moral theory of any sort in tackling policy challenges as a member of a national commission, say, or as a member of her regional health authority’s ethics committee, or as a member of any other sort of policy-oriented working group. For starters, there is the fact that she is likely to be in the vast minority as a group member with philosophical training. But that aside, there is the further challenge of the unlikelihood of agreement amongst working group members on which moral theory should rule the day or govern the decision at  stake.[4]  There is the third category of clinical ethics, a pursuit taking place as health care is practiced on the ground. As we will see in more detail shortly, the relevance of moral theory to clinical ethics turns heavily on the operative conception of clinical ethics. In particular, it relies upon our conception of the goals of the clinical ethics consultation (the main activity of clinical bioethics), and upon our conception of the role of the clinical ethics consultant.