 How do these “pseudo paradoxes,” as they are sometimes called, differ, if at all, from Russell’s paradox? The pattern of reasoning is the same and the conclusion – that there is no such Barber, no such efficient God, no such set of non-self-membered sets – is the same: such things simply don’t exist. (However, as von Neumann showed, it is not necessary to go quite this far. Von Neumann’s method instructs us not that such things as \(R\) do not exist, but just that we cannot say much about them, inasmuch as \(R\) and the like cannot fall into the extension of any predicate that qualifies as a class.) 