 Much recent debate has focused on the effects of the legal institution of the family on procreative choices and child welfare. Arguments for incentivizing procreation within marriage assume that children reared within marriages will benefit as contrasted with those reared outside marriages (Galston 1991, chap. 10; but see Young 1995). Others have argued that legally separating marriage and parenting will allow the state to support both children and their caregivers more directly (Shrage 2018) or that recognizing more than two parents will benefit children as well as serving broader social goals such as resource conservation (Gheaus 2019, Grill 2020). Such revisionist arguments extend to legal institutionalization of non-parental care for children: for example, Gheaus has argued for the institutional provision of non-parental care on child welfare grounds (Gheaus 2011, 2018b), and Brake for the legal recognition of paid childcare workers as family (Brake 2018). Liberal feminists have argued for state family policy—such as parental leave and incentives for egalitarian co-parenting—to promote gender equality (e.g., Schouten 2019). Adoption policy has also been the focus of recent discussion, with debates over open adoption and attention to the difficulties of LGBT adoption (Haslanger and Witt 2006; Baylis and McLeod 2014, Part IV). Family policy also has effects on racial equality, as Dorothy Roberts points out in her criticism of state policies on terminating parental rights which disporpotionately affect black families (Roberts 2006).