 Denmark: Sweden’s involvement in the Thirty Years War and its stake in the Westphalian treaty that ended it increased the presence of its aristocrats at many German courts and universities, including Leipzig and Heidelberg. Esaias had already parlayed such contacts into a Swedish diplomatic career and now urged his brother to do the same, in view of the limited professional prospects in Saxony. Thus, in April 1658 Samuel assumed the post of tutor to the family of Sweden’s special envoy to Copenhagen, Peter Julius Coyet. This choice proved eventful, for when Charles X. Gustav unexpectedly renewed the First Northern War (1655–1660) against Denmark, the Swedish delegation was imprisoned for eight months. It was then, without access to library or books, that Pufendorf wrote his first major work, Elements of Universal Jurisprudence (EJU 1660), which is explicitly based on Grotius and Hobbes. Upon being released in 1659, and after a serious illness and nearly dying by shipwreck in the Baltic, Pufendorf went to Holland as Coyet’s secretary. In spring 1660 he was enrolled at Leiden University, and though we have few details about this period it appears that he turned to philology again. He became acquainted with the classical scholar Johann Friedrich Gronovius and prepared editions of several Neo-Latin works, including Johannes Meursius, Miscellanea Laconica (1660) and Johannes Lauremberg, Graecia antiqua (1661). More important, however, was his acquaintance with Peter de Groot, Hugo’s son and the Palatine Elector’s representative in Holland. For it was at his suggestion that Pufendorf strategically dedicated his captivity manuscript to Karl Ludwig (1617–1680), who promptly responded with the offer of a university position at Heidelberg (Döring 2006).