 Objection 3: Neither  Possibility of Vindication  nor  Possibility of Arbitrary Closeness to Vindication  is a norm. It might be that the only actions that give rise to the possibility of vindication or of arbitrary closeness to vindication also give rise to the possibility of maximal distance from vindication. And it might be that there are actions that do not give rise to the possibility of vindication or of arbitrary closeness to vindication, but do limit the distance from vindication that is risked by choosing that action. In such cases, it is not at all clear that it is rationally required of an agent that she ought to risk maximal distance from vindication in order to leave open the possibility of vindication or of arbitrary closeness to vindication. Compare: I have two options—if I choose option 1, I will receive £0 or £100, but I don’t know which; if I choose option 2, I will receive £99 for sure. Even before they know the objective chances of the two possibilities that the first option creates, many people will opt for the second. However, by doing so, they rule out the possibility that they will receive the maximum possible utility, which is obtained by option 1 if I receive £100. It seems that ruling out such a possibility is not irrational. To put it another way:  Possibility of Vindication  and  Possibility of Arbitrary Closeness to Vindication  are extreme risk-seeking norms. That is, they suggest that we make our decisions by trying to maximise the utility we obtain in our best-case scenario. But while it might be rationally permissible to be so risk-seeking, it is certainly not mandatory (Easwaran &amp; Fitelson 2015: Section 8).