Not all DRT treatments of attitude reports rely on a representational theory of the underlying mental states themselves. For example, Geurts (1999) and Maier (2010) develop analyses of attitude ascriptions in versions of DRT that use only a standard Hintikka-style possible worlds semantics for attitudes. In the same vein, Maier (2009) and Hunter (2013) explore extensions of DRT to deal with directly referential expressions like indexicals and proper names without resorting to anchors or mental state representations.