 Carlos Pereda (b. 1944) has also written several important books, including Vértigos argumentales (1994), Crítica de la razón arrogante (1999), and Sobre la confianza (2009). He develops Aristotle’s notion of phronesis and Kant’s view that practical reason is universal to recommend strategies to help navigate the temptations and ambiguities of life. Pereda offers a peculiar diagnosis of the entanglements and pathologies of reason, including what he calls argumentative vertigo, that is, a kind of intellectual or moral dizziness that blinds us to other points of view or that makes us stubborn and insensitive to the feelings of others.