  Seumas Miller (2001) introduces the notion of a “collective end.” A collective end is an end that is shared by a group of agents and that can be achieved only through action by all of those agents; moreover, these facts are mutually believed by the agents. A convention to \(j\) in some recurring situation \(s\) prevails among some agents iff it is mutually believed by the agents that each one has a standing intention to \(j\) in \(s\), as long as others perform \(j\) in \(s\), so as to realize some shared collective end \(e\). For instance, the collective end corresponding to the convention of driving on the right side of the road is avoiding collisions.