 Another problematic phenomenon is scope. While GQ theory in principle seems to allow all theoretically possible scopings of nested quantifier expressions, natural languages have restrictions regulating which of these are actually allowed. Indeed, scope is a major topic in linguistic syntax and semantics, and a complex one. The problem is also methodological: how to determine if a given sentence S can actually mean Y (where Y corresponds to a particular scoping)? First, one must filter out cases where the unavailability of Y depends on facts about the world, not about language. Second, whose intuitions should count: the linguist’s, or those of native speakers in a test situation, or perhaps statistical evidence should play a role? Still, while it is true that many readings that seem impossible at first sight are in fact available in sufficiently specific contexts, it is plausible that languages have scope restrictions beyond the reach of GQ  theory.[38]