 Thomasius’s moral theory is a theory of the will. He held that in moral matters, the will dominates reason. While human beings have free choice if not externally constrained, the will is not free; rather, it is dominated by human affects—our passions, impulses, and desires. Like Hobbes, Thomasius believed that even though subject to such inner (psychological) constraints, the will still chooses (with the aid of reason); it consciously wills. And a conscious choice is precisely what is required for a (good) action to be considered moral: a good instinct or good inclinations may make us good, may even be desirable, but by itself this is not enough to make us moral. Morality requires a conscious act of will. The trouble with morality arises because the will is determined by evil desires, in particular, lust, ambition, and avarice. Although there are noble sentiments as well, which similarly influence the will, they are in conflict with the negative dispositions. The conflict can be brought to a positive conclusion only by appeal to divine grace (God’s salvation), and Thomasius Application of the Doctrine of Morals is notable for its positive treatment of mystical experience.