 Research seminars at IIF continued to develop and strengthen in the 1980s with a series of international symposia of philosophy started by Enrique Villanueva and continued by León Olivé, a venture of impressive scale that brought together world-class figures from many parts of Latin America, the United States, Britain, and Europe. The high-quality interactions these venues generated proved remarkably fruitful as starting points of much subsequent research activity in Mexico and elsewhere in the subcontinent. This period was also marked by institutional investment in specialized research libraries and the reinforcement of publishing programs at UNAM and other institutions in Mexico. Scholarship programs helped researchers and students spend periods at major international centers. At IIF philosophical research reached a level of support never seen before in Latin America. Significant papers and monographs began to flow regularly from seminars on general philosophy of science, the philosophy of physics, and the philosophy of biology.