 A third option sees a narrative approach acting as a total substitute for the process of moral justification (Arras 1997: 67– 78), and as a replacement of theory-driven or principle-centered bioethics. On this option, which some associate with postmodernism, the emphasis is upon continual conversation between traditions and narratives. No one view (tradition or narrative) can be justified over others through reference to a theory of human nature, of history, and so on. The ultimate goal here then is not the pursuit of justification for one’s view, but the keeping open of the “moral space” for continuing conversation between rival views (Rorty 1989). A related aspect of this option is the claim that those who suffer should tell their own story, without risk of being dominated and objectified by the case summaries typical of modern medicine (Frank 1995). While quite specific in their vision of how narrative ethics might supplement or replace a more standardly theory-driven or principles-centered approach to bioethics, none of these versions seem to identify a unique framework for moral reasoning (in the way that, for example, utilitarianism or deontology do).