 The non-deontic part of Mally’s system had the following vocabulary: the sentential letters A, B, C, P and Q (these symbols refer to states of affairs), the sentential variables M and N, the sentential constants V (the Verum, Truth) and Λ (the Falsum, Falsity), the propositional quantifiers ∃ and ∀, and the connectives ¬, &amp;, ∨, → and ↔. Λ is defined by Λ = ¬V.