 A similar problem is due to the fact that the factorization of Hilbert spaces is not unique: any given factorization \(\mathcal{H} = \mathcal{H}^1 \otimes \mathcal{H}^2\) can be “rotated” to produce different factorizations \(\mathcal{H}' = \mathcal{H}^1{}^\prime \otimes \mathcal{H}^2{}^\prime\). Are we to apply the same rules to each such factorization? How are the results related, if at all? A theorem due to Bacciagaluppi (1995, see also Vermaas 1997) shows that if one applies SDMI to every factorization and insists that the values of observables that occur in the different factorizations are factorization-independent, then one will end up with a mathematical contradiction of the Kochen-Specker type.