 More generally, one can use the methods for calculating the effects of interventions described in the previous section to compute the probabilities needed to calculate Causal Expected Utility. Stern (2017) expands this approach to allow for agents who distribute their credence over multiple causal models. Hitchcock (2016) shows how the distinction between interventions and counterfactuals, discussed in more detail in  Section 4.10  below, can be used to deflect a number of alleged counterexamples to CDT.