 (To be clear: the claim here is not that African-descended people and cultures are somehow problematic by nature. Sober reflection on the empirical evidence and on plausible meanings of “by nature” cannot sustain that thought. The claim is that a) Euro-modernity was in some ways built on the conviction that African-descended people are inherently problematic, and that b) philosophical interventions that resist this conviction become problems, render themselves problematic, for hegemonic approaches to philosophy.)