 Participatory intentions might, for example, be understood as an instance of an ordinary intention, familiar from the study of individual agency; if we-intentions are identified with, or built out of these participatory intentions, we would thus be offered the prospect of a reductive account of this we-intention in terms of ordinary individual intentions. Tuomela and Miller 1988 defend such a view. Take an individual who is a member of a group. According to Tuomela and Miller, this individual has a participatory intention with respect to X if she intends to do her part in X, believes conditions for success of X obtain, and believes that there is mutual belief amongst members of the group that conditions for success  obtain.[8]  (Other work in this general vein include Bratman 1992, MacMahon 2001, 2005, S. Miller 2001. Tuomela’s later work is rather different, as will be noted below.)