 It has also been objected that Armstrong’s position gives rise to a “paradox of totality” (Armstrong 1989: 94, 1997: 198–9, 2004: 78–9; Cox 1997: 53–60; Molnar 2000: 81). Take the totality state of affairs that comprises all the (1st order) state of affairs. Since this (2nd order) state is itself a state of affairs it follows that the initial aggregate of (1st order) states of affairs failed to comprise all the states of affairs there are. So there must be a further totality state that comprised the aggregate of all of them. But this (3rd order) state is also a state of affairs so it will need to be added to the mix too, and so ad infinitum.