 This entry has four parts. Section 1 provides historical background.  Section 2 is devoted to philosophy of science activity in various regional centers through the early 1990s when the Internet and improved institutional resources “globalized” the practice of philosophy of science, greatly blurring earlier geographical separations. The two following sections focus on the last decades: Section 3 presents contributions to the general philosophy of science, and Section 4 reviews advances in the philosophy of special sciences. The final Section 5 briefly considers some of the difficulties and prospects for philosophy of science in Latin America.