 where \(B_i\) ranges over possible realizations of basic intrinsic desires and aversions. The formula considers for each basic desire and aversion the prospect of its realization if the act were performed. It takes the act’s expected utility as the sum of the prospects’ utilities. The formula provides an economical representation of an act’s expected utility. It eliminates states and obtains expected utility directly from outcomes taken as realizations of basic desires and aversions.