 In TS 1958, Śāntarakṣita provides a similar example of male animals that become “perturbed” by the touch of female animals even though they do not know anything about any “doings” (vṛttānta) or sexual intercourse, yet. His argument is that this feeling must be due to experiences in previous lives. He does not account for the possibility of instinctual behaviour. If Śāntarakṣita allowed for the existence of instinctual behaviour then his observation of babies and animals might have let him to believe that love and hatred are mental phenomena that are not learned through experience.