 In a preliminary draft “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Chapter 1, What are Scientific Revolutions?” (dated 1958-1960, likely composed in late 1958) of the first chapter of his projected book, Kuhn initially used the idea of incommensurability to characterize stages of development in the arts in contrast to the traditional image of scientific progress as cumulative that he set out to challenge (see Pinto de Oliveira, 2017). Although, this draft chapter was entirely rewritten as the introduction of Kuhn (1962), and was explicitly intended only to provoke exploratory discussion and not for publication, it strongly suggests that, at that time, Kuhn began to develop the idea of the incommensurability in science in reaction to the traditional (e.g. Sarton, Conant) contrast between development in the arts and cumulative progress in the sciences (see Pinto de Oliveira, 2017). In the draft, Kuhn announced his project as an attempt to reshape the image of science so as to make it closer to the image of art (see Pinto de Oliveira, 2017). He wanted to challenge the cumulative conception of scientific progress promoted by the old historiography of science, according to which “science appears to advance by accretion” and science is “an ever-growing edifice to which each scientist strives to add a few stones or a bit of mortar” (Kuhn 1958, 2, as cited in Pinto de Oliveira 2017, 748) in contrast to the image of art according to which “the transition between one stage of artistic development and the next is a transition between incommensurables” (Kuhn 1958, 3, as cited in Pinto de Oliveira 2017, 749).