 The developments in vocabulary took place against a background of shared associations and assumptions about the emotions. Emotions were commonly connected with passivity, and what lay outside of our direct control, features often emphasized by using the term ‘passion.’ They were also associated with various forms of perception, even as they were sometimes granted an intentional and judgment-like structure – for which the double sense of ‘sentiment’ as felt response and as opinion was particularly apt. Emotions were also often characterized through feelings of either pleasure or pain. At the same time, emotions were typically assumed to have directions (to causes of pleasure, or from causes of pain) and to provide motives for action. Given this cluster, philosophers often emphasized one or another of the features associated with the emotions. Although no philosophical questions were settled by word choice alone, the preferred vocabulary can reveal much about the choice of emphasis.