 Similarly, the deontic Phenomenologists argue that, since the constructivist believes that values are created in the exercise of human autonomy, it is difficult to understand how an agent’s choices, while self-binding (at least for the moment), can legislate universal obligations that an agent would experience as a duty. Lacking the view of practical reason found, for example, in Kant, constructivism cannot underwrite moral normativity, in particular, the experience of universal obligation.