 The proof of the universal computational capacities of Life presented in Berkelamp, Conway, and Guy 1982 consists in showing that the basic building blocks or primitives of standard digital computation can be emulated by appropriate patterns generated by Life—in particular: (a) data storage or memorization, (b) data transmission requiring wires and an internal clock, and (c) data processing requiring a universal set of logic gates, like negation, conjunction and disjunction—an actual Turing machine was later explicitly implemented in Life by Paul Rendell (see  Other Internet Resources).