 This cosmological process can help us understand how qing came to include a new semantic dimension, i.e., psychological disposition of desire or emotion from its original meaning of nature or essence. According to Xunzi, qing is related not only to objective and essential nature of things (xing 性) but also to the psychological inclinations of human beings (yu 欲), because qing derives from xing (nature) and generates yu (desire). In this process of qing’s origination and projection, one can understand that qing does not simply refer to objective, static, and eternal nature of things but also to the interactive and responsive dispositions of human beings. A similar approach to qing can be found in Xing Zi Ming Chu (性自命出 Human Nature comes from the Mandate), an excavated Confucian text written in the mid-fourth to early third century BCE. According to Xing Zi Ming Chu, qing is aroused when xing (human nature) is stimulated by external objects. 