 On the basis of natural language considerations, Horwich (ibid., 2–3, 39–40) holds that propositions are what the alethic locutions describe directly. Any other entities that we can properly call true are so only derivatively, on the basis of having some relation to true propositions (ibid., 100–1 and Horwich 1998b, 82–5). This seems to position Horwich well with respect to explaining the instances of truth-talk that cause problems for Quine and Leeds, e.g., those about beliefs and theories. Regarding truth applied directly to propositions, however, Horwich (1998a, 2–3) still explicitly endorses the thesis that Leeds emphasizes about the utility of the truth predicate (and, Horwich adds, the concept it expresses), namely, that it “exists solely for the sake of a certain logical need”. While Horwich (ibid., 138–9) goes so far as to claim that the concept of truth has a “non-descriptive” function, he does not follow Quine and Leeds all the way to their rejection of the assumption that the alethic predicates function to describe truth-bearers. Rather, his (ibid., 31–3, 37) point of agreement with them is that the main function of the truth predicate is its role in providing a means for generalizing on embedded sentence positions, rather than some role in the indication of specifically truth-involving states of affairs. Even so, Horwich (ibid., 38–40) still contends that the instances of truth-talk do describe propositions, in the sense that they make statements about them, and they do so by attributing a property to those propositions.