 As Boghossian notes (1989 [2002: 164–165]), the general form of dispositionalism targeted by the sceptic covers both conceptual role theories and causal/informational theories. In both cases, the account is intended to be reductive, insofar as the content-determining dispositions are to be characterized in wholly non-semantic and non-intentional terms. The sceptic’s attack on reductive dispositionalist theories is thus an attack on two of the most popular accounts of the determination of content in contemporary philosophy of mind and language.