 Decision theory is concerned with determining the best way to achieve as valuable an outcome as possible, given the values that we have. In decision theory, our values and goals are taken as given, and the analysis concerns how best to achieve them to an as high degree as possible. Decision-making under risk and uncertainty is one of the major topics in decision theory. It is usually assumed that if the values of a set of potential outcomes are known (for instance from moral philosophy), then purely instrumental considerations are sufficient for determining how best to act under risk or uncertainty in order to achieve the best possible result. (For a critical discussion of that presumption, see Hansson 2013, 49–51.) The values taken for given in decision-theoretical analysis can, but need not, be moral values of the types that are developed and analyzed in moral philosophy.