 It should be clear that necessarily equivalent sentences may express distinct propositions on Zalta’s view. For example, the sentences ‘All brother are male siblings’ and ‘All bachelors are unmarried’ express propositions that are true in all possible worlds. But the first expresses a proposition that results from applying COND to the properties of being a brother and being a male sibling, and applying REFL1,2 and then UNIV1 to the output of COND. The second does not, but instead results from applying these functions in the same order to the properties of being a bachelor and being unmarried. Further, it should be clear that the semantic values of expressions are recoverable from the propositions expressed by sentences in which they occur. E.g. both Ed and the property of running, which are the semantic values of ‘Ed’ and ‘runs’, are constituents of the proposition that Ed runs, which is expressed by ‘Ed runs’, since this proposition consists of Ed saturating the one argument place in the property of running.