 However, there are no easy ways to determine when this deeper kind of appreciation is present. Moreover, contemporary psychology has shown us just how infrequent such appreciation of future scenarios is among most people. Appreciating what a future option will feel like requires what psychologists call “affective forecasting”, and numerous studies have shown that we are, most of us anyway, very poor affective forecasters (Ubel, Loewenstein, Hershey, et al. 2001; Wilson, Wheatley, Meyers, et al. 2000; Gilbert, Gill &amp; Wilson 2002; Gilbert, Pinel, Wilson, et al. 1998; Wilson, Meyers &amp; Gilbert 2001; Wilson &amp; Gilbert 2005; Ubel, Loewenstein, Schwarz, et. al 2005; Ubel, Loewenstein, &amp; Jepson 2005; on the relevance of this to capacity see Halpern &amp; Arnold 2008). But given this, if we were to require such deep appreciation we would again risk ruling too many people incompetent (see inclusivity  §5.1).