 It should also be noted that there have been well-established formalisms for dealing with probabilistic reasoning as an instance of logic-based reasoning. E.g., the activity a researcher in probabilistic reasoning undertakes when she proves a theorem \(\phi\) about their domain (e.g. any theorem in (Pearl 1988)) is purely within the realm of traditional logic. Readers interested in logic-flavored approaches to probabilistic reasoning can consult (Adams 1996, Hailperin 1996 &amp; 2010, Halpern 1998). Formalisms marrying probability theory, induction and deductive reasoning, placing them on an equal footing, have been on the rise, with Markov logic (Richardson and Domingos 2006) being salient among these approaches. 