 Moreover, even in cases where we agree that the group should take on the project as a collective obligation, we still face a further challenge, namely, that the groups we are talking about here are not (at this point) organized to the point where they can act. Hence, even if we can expect them to act and they would be able to do so if they were organized, they are not at this point able to d oso. How, we have to ask, can we transform a disorganized collective into one that is organized enough to be associated with a collective obligation (and hence collective responsibility)? What might motivate such a transformation? Igneski (2020) gestures to the place of individual moral agents with duties of their own as a starting point for getting the requisite collective organized. We discuss this possibility more fully in Section 7, where the transformation in question becomes key to the coherence and workability of forward looking collective responsibility.