 Information as a scientific concept emerges naturally in the context of our every day dealing with nature when we measure things. Examples are ordinary actions like measuring the size of an object with a stick, counting using our fingers, drawing a straight line using a piece of rope. These processes are the anchor points of abstract concepts like length, distance, number, straight line that form the building blocks of science. The fact that these concepts are rooted in our concrete experience of reality guarantees their applicability and usefulness. The earliest traces of information processing evolved around the notions of counting, administration and accountancy.