 If unlimited pancomputationalism is correct, then the claim that a system S performs a certain computation becomes trivially true and thus vacuous or nearly so; it fails to distinguish S from anything else (or perhaps from anything else with the same inputs and outputs). Thus, unlimited pancomputationalism threatens the utility of the computational theory of cognition. If cognition is computation simply because cognitive systems, like everything else, may be seen as performing more or less arbitrary computations over the relevant inputs, then it appears that the computational theory of cognition is both trivial and vacuous (though see Schweizer 2019 for an attempt to resist this conclusion). By the same token, unlimited pancomputationalism threatens some of the relevance of theoretical computer science to physical computation. For example, computational complexity theory classifies computational systems based on the complexity of their computations; if any physical system can implement any computational system regardless of its computational complexity, those results are immaterial to concrete computations. This threat of trivialization is a major motivation behind responses to the arguments for unlimited pancomputationalism.