 Finally, the investigation of macroevolution challenges the purported distinction between the experimental and historical sciences (Sober 1993; Cleland 2001). Investigation in this domain is historical and often emphasizes the deep past, to be sure, but it also involves theoretical and prospective modeling, making predictions about what the models will or will not find, making predictions about what paleontologists will or will not find, running bottle and other kinds of experiments, simulations, and more. The scientific study of macroevolution is a philosophically rich and challenging field with many deposits to mine.