 Primiero (2020) considers this latter aspect as one main limit of Rapaport’s (1999, 2005) account of implementation: implementation reduces to a unique relation between a syntactic level and its semantic interpretation and it does not account for the layered ontology of computational systems seen in  §1.2.  In order to extend the present definition of implementation to all LoAs, each level has to be reinterpreted each time either as syntactic or as a semantic level. This, in turn, has a repercussion on the second difficulty characterizing, according to Primero (2020), implementation as a semantic interpretation: on the one hand, this approach does not take into account incorrect implementations; on the other hand, for a given incorrect implementation, the unique relation so defined can relate incorrectness only to one syntactic level, excluding all other levels as potential error locations.