 More recently, however, there has been a resurgence of interest in the psycho-physical (type-) identity thesis, fueled in part by the contention that, in the actual practice of neuroscience, neural states are type-individuated more coarsely than early identity theorists such as Place, Feigl, and Smart assumed. If this is so, then it may well be that creatures that differ from us in their fine-grain neurophysiological make-up can nonetheless share our neural states, and thus that the psycho-physical identity thesis can claim some of the scope once thought to be exclusive to functionalism. The plausibility of this thesis depends, first, on whether or not such creatures would in fact be our functional equivalents, and if so, whether or not their underlying similarities would in fact be (coarse-grain) neural similarities, and not (finer-grain) psycho-functional similarities. (See Bechtel 2012, Bickle 2012, McCauley 2012, and Shapiro and Polger 2012, Polger and Shapiro, 2016, Aizawa and Gillett, forthcoming,and the essays in DeJoong and Shouten 2012, for further discussion; see also the entry on Multiple Realizability.) Even so, it seems that there could be creatures, both biological and non-biological, that are functionally equivalent to us but do not possess even our coarse-grain neural properties. If so, and if these creatures can plausibly be regarded as sharing our mental states—to be sure, a controversial thesis—then even if neural states can be individuated more coarsely, functionalism will retain its claim to greater universality than the identity thesis. 