 It is noteworthy that this debate turns on fundamental questions regarding the nature of ground. If reduction is a variant of ground, and if ‘reduces to’ generates hyper-intensional contexts in the way just sketched, then ground does not link non-representational objects only. Put differently, the grounding structure of the world would then depend, at least in part, on features of representations of the world. Fine (2001, 2012) and DasGupta (2014) take ground to be concerned with truths or finely individuated facts, rather than properties or fundamental or composed objects. On the other hand, this observation has led some philosophers to assume that reduction, ontologically construed, should not be regarded as a version of metaphysical ground (Audi 2012). 