 By the twentieth century newer versions of normative power views began to appear. Unsurprisingly, these neo-normative power views were initially most popular among theorists with a significant legal theory bent, e.g., H. L. A. Hart (1955) and Joseph Raz (1972, 1977, 1984, 2012). But philosophers without any such link have also adopted them, some examples being Gary Watson (2004) and David Owens (2006, 2008, 2012).  