 \(R\) together with \(O1\) entails the observation sentence \(O3\) and hence \(R\) is directly verifiable. Also, \(S\) and \(R\) entail \(O2\). This means that \(S\) is indirectly verifiable, unless \(R\) alone entails \(O2\). But if \(R\) alone entails \(O2,\) then its right hand disjunct alone entails \(O2,\) and hence \(\nsim S\) is directly verifiable. So either \(S\) or \(\nsim S\) is meaningful and therefore many sentences that Ayer would reject as meaningless are meaningful according to his definitions.