 Frankfurt’s allies may concede there are such flickers of freedom, but deny that they are sufficiently “robust” to ground our judgments of moral responsibility (Fischer 1994: 140–7; 1999). Grant that Jones could do otherwise than choose to vote for the Republican on his own. But this alleged alternative is one in which Jones doesn’t choose at all: rather, in this counterfactual scenario, it is Black who, by activating the neural implant, causes a “choice” to vote for the Republican. How, then, could an alternative in which Jones doesn’t act—one in which he is merely Black’s puppet—be relevant to Jones’s responsibility in the actual scenario? Put another way: the alternative in question is merely one in which something else happens to Jones; it is not one in which he does anything. This cannot be the kind of alternative PAP requires for responsibility. The existence of flickers, it seems, cannot save PAP from FSCs.