 The Antoniana begins by denouncing the incoherencies that Pereira finds if we admit that animals and humans share sensory perception. These inconsistencies are based on an erroneous analysis of the process that leads from the images to the mental concept. In this process two elements need to be present. First, we receive some species from the external objects through our own sense-organs. However, these species are not yet properly sensations; to get these last some animadversio is also necessary: 