 The second and third deviations from a standard utilitarianism might be expected given his affirmed belief that the motivation of virtuous actors is paramount in understanding the virtue of their action. As already noted, Hutcheson holds that the moral sense approves actions insofar as they are motivated by disinterested benevolence. Thus far one might state his version of utilitarianism as a kind of scalar motivational utilitarianism (which we should think of as clearly distinct from a “motive” utilitarianism (see Adams 1976), according to which morally appropriate actions are motivated by dispositions the possession of which leads to the best consequences), according to which an act is virtuous insofar as the agent aims at the greatest overall good.