 Everett held that on his formulation of quantum mechanics “the formal theory is objectively continuous and causal, while subjectively discontinuous and probabilistic” (1973, p. 9). Albert and Loewer (1988) capture this feature directly in their many-minds theory by distinguishing between an observer’s physical state, which evolves in a continuous, deterministic way, and the observer’s mental state, which evolves in a discontinuous, stochastic way.