 George Boas (1953) argued that Dewey yearns for universality in art where none can be found. He believed that Dewey wrongly takes the term “art” to have only one meaning where it has many. Moreover, while some art communicates, other art conceals: it is wrong to say that all art, or even that all great art, communicates universally. Also, not everyone who practices art is interested in communion and democracy. Some art is intended for communion with God, not with humanity; some art is intended for communion with no one but the artist him or herself.