 In 1981, these drafts found a taker in Arkansas, where such a bill was passed and signed into law – as it happens, by a legislature and governor that thought little of what they were doing until the consequences were drawn to their attention. (William Clinton was governor from 1978 to 1980, and again from 1982 to his winning of the presidency, in 1992. The law was passed during the interregnum.) At once the American Civil Liberties Union sprang into action, bringing suit on grounds of the law’s unconstitutionality. The theologian Langdon Gilkey, the geneticist Francisco Ayala, the paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould, and as the philosophical representative Michael Ruse appeared as expert witnesses, arguing that Creationism has no place in state supported biology classes. The state’s position was not exactly helped when one of its witnesses (Norman Geisler, a theologian) admitted under cross-examination to his belief in UFOs as a satanic manifestation. Hardly surprisingly, evolution won. The judge ruled firmly that Creation Science is not science, it is religion, and as such has no place in public classrooms. The judge (William Overton) ruled that the ‘essential characteristics’ of what makes something scientific are: