 The capacity of the immune system to create representative images (through ligand-receptor structural homology) and to act on them does not mean that this system hosts a centralized control unit. Rather, as advocates of these information-based accounts suggest, immune agency emerges from collective behavior of individual immune cells, each of which acts as a “cellular computing machine” (Cohen and Efroni 2019). From this point of view, the apparent complex “intelligence” of the immune system is a product of multiple cues originating from individual immune cells that function analogously to joint decisions made by a school of fish. From this cognitive point view, immunity arises from shared collective information.