 Predestination was the traditional subject of distinctions 40–41 of commentaries on book I of the Sentences. This was a more purely “theological” subset of the more “philosophical” topic of foreknowledge and future contingents treated in distinctions 38–39. As in the case of foreknowledge, Gregory proceeded slowly and carefully, defining his terms and outlining the possible positions. Gregory’s Augustinian bent shows through more clearly in predestination than in foreknowledge. Gregory quoted Augustine’s words no less than 43 times in this context, and cited him still more often. Frequent scriptural quotations, carefully chosen, provide the ultimate basis for his theory. From Romans 9.13, where Paul comments on Malachi 1.2, “Jacob I have loved, but Esau I have hated,” Gregory took his position that from eternity, God actively elects to damn some and to save others, a theory called Double Predestination or Double Particular Election (Vignaux 1934, ch. 4; Schüler 1934; Halverson 1998, 143–157; Schabel 2002).