 How to exactly define liberation in Śaṅkara’s thought is inherently problematic. He does not provide a precise epistemological account of how knowledge of brahman takes place. Śaṅkara’s conception of liberation removes itself from the boundaries of ordinary discourse, debate, and causal epistemology (See TaiUBh 2.9.1 for example). There is a metaphysical uncertainty about it, for on the one hand a liberating cognition may be able to remove self-ignorance, but on the other it is problematic to reduce ever-present liberation to a cognition which is a product and a temporal event. From the empirical perspective liberation may be inexplicable and indeterminable due to its transition to ultimate nondual reality.