 Here primed constituents represent the intensional logic translations of the corresponding constituents. (Or we can think of them as metalinguistic expressions standing for the set-theoretic denotations of the corresponding constituents.) Several points should be noted. First, each phrase structure rule is accompanied by a unique semantic rule (articulated as the rule-to-rule hypothesis by Emmon Bach (1976)), where the denotation of each phrase is fully determined by the denotations of its immediate constituents: the semantics is compositional. 