 Edwards then turns to the twelve signs that do indicate the gracious work of the Spirit in the believer’s life. Sign 5 is that one’s emotions involve an immediate conviction that the great things of the gospel are true, and sign 6, “evangelical humiliation,” is a strong disinclination to judge oneself better than others or to believe that one’s spiritual attainments entitle one to some claim on God. Sign 12 is Christian practice: affections that dissipate themselves in excitement and feelings without leading to Christian action are bogus; genuine spiritual affections motivate characteristic Christian action. Sign 7 is that such action is persistent: genuine spiritual affections signal a lasting change of character. Edwards endorses the signs not as criteria by which to discern how well one’s neighbor measures up in the kingdom of God, but as criteria to be used in self-examination and self-discipline.