 A second option has a narrative approach emphasizing the importance to ethics of history and culture over a more universalist rationality. This version of narrative ethics is sometimes known as historical narrative. Here, right action is endorsed by appeal to the traditions, norms, and traditional stories of a particular social group. Recourse is also made to one’s social role, and the foundational narrative underlying that role (think of the physician’s social role in Western culture as shaped by the Hippocratic Oath) (MacIntyre 1981; Burrell &amp; Hauerwas, 1977).