 While the use of empirical observation in moral theory has a long history, the contemporary movement known as experimental philosophy goes back only a few decades. The current experimental philosophy movement owes its beginnings to the work of Stephen Stich, Shaun Nichols and Jonathan Weinberg (2001) and Joshua Knobe (2003), but the earliest instance of experimental philosophy may be Truth as Conceived by Those Who Are Not Professional Philosophers (Naess 1938), which surveyed ordinary speakers for their intuitions about the nature of truth. Contemporary philosophers have not been uniformly accepting of the movement, but as we will see, there are reasons to think that experimental evidence might have a distinctive role, significance, and importance in moral philosophy and theorizing.