 An example to illustrate Carneades’ position: let us imagine that Tim O’Keefe develops cancer, but he seeks out treatment, recovers, and ends up dying peacefully in his sleep of other causes at the age of 100, in 2068. If somebody were to say, in 2020, “Tim O’Keefe will not die of cancer”, they said something true, because, just as they said, Tim O’Keefe in fact did not die of cancer. Their statement was not “neutral” when they made it, and later became true; it was true all along. In order to defend his position, Carneades appeals to the symmetry of the past and future: 