 Finally, we should note that there is one respect in which Papineau’s view has changed somewhat in recent years. In his earlier writings, Papineau focuses on organisms with a belief-desire psychology and is doubtful whether we can attribute determinate contents to creatures with simpler mechanisms of behavior control (see, e.g., Papineau 1998, 5). In his most recent paper on the topic, however, Papineau (2016) proposes a new general account of content that also applies to those simpler creatures. According to this account, a representation R is always part of a producer-consumer system S, and the content of R is the condition p that ensures that the behavior generated by the consumer in response to R fulfills the specific function of S (Papineau 2016, 100). For organisms that possess beliefs and desires, the desire-first account sketched above still applies, but as a special case of the more general producer-consumer theory.