 That chronogeometric fatalism (or, the block universe) is refuted is, of course, controversial. Is the relation that Stein calls becoming, or having become, a genuine notion of becoming in Minkowski spacetime? Stein points out that if its true for his relation R that there is even one point or event x such that there is another point or event y such that both Rxy and Ryx are true, then R must be the universal  relation.[13]  That is, it would follow that Rxy for all x and y. If, then, one thinks of the present as a set of events that have become for each other but that not all events have become, then it follows that “in Einstein-Minkowski space-time an event’s present is constituted by itself alone.” (Stein, 1968, p. 15)