 [All citations to Shaftesbury are from the Cambridge edition, cited by specific work and page number. Works cited are Inquiry Concerning Virtue and Merit (cited as Inquiry — selections of which are also available in Raphael, 1991, Vol. I), Letter Concerning Enthusiasm, (cited as Enthusiasm), Soliloquy, or Advice to an Author (cited as Soliloquy), and “Sensus Communis (cited as Sensus).]