 There have been a number of proposed theories of quantum cosmology. Perhaps best known of these is the proposal of Stephen Hawking, which results in a universe with no boundary—motivating the famous question, “what place, then, for a creator?” The bearing of Hawking’s cosmology on theism has already been discussed extensively by Craig &amp; Smith (1995), Deltete &amp; Guy (1997), Craig (1997), and Smith (1998). But it would be ill advised to take Hawking’s theory as giving the final version of quantum cosmology. As noted by Drees (1990), Hawking’s approach is just one among several competing attempts to incorporate quantum effects into relativistic cosmology, and we are not compelled to accept its idiosyncratic metaphysical picture. More to the point, Hawking’s cosmological model is ad hoc in the sense that it does not flow from a more comprehensive unification of general relativity quantum theory. In this section we turn to two cosmological theories that do result from systematic and comprehensive unifications of general relativity and quantum theory: loop quantum cosmology and string cosmology.