 Roughly, (i) says that the size of the ravens population does not depend on their color (in fact, on \(h\)), and (ii) that the size of the population of black non-raven objects also does not depend on the color of ravens. Note that both (i) and (ii) seem fairly sound as far as our best understanding of our actual world is concerned. It is easy to show that, in relevance-confirmation terms, (i) and (ii) are sufficient to imply that \(e = raven(a) \wedge black(a)\), but not \(e^* = \neg raven(a) \wedge \neg black(a)\), confirms \(h\), that is \(C_{P}(h,e) \gt C_{P}(h,e^*) = 0\) (this observation is due to Mat Coakley). So the Bayesian relevance approach to confirmation can make a principled difference between \(e\) and \(e^*\) in both ordinal and qualitative terms. (A much broader analysis is provided by Fitelson and Hawthorne 2010, Hawthorne and Fitelson 2010 [Other Internet Resources]. Notably, their results include the full specification of the sufficient and necessary conditions for the main inequality \(C_{P}(h, e) \gt C_{P}(h, e^*)\).)