        Even if evolutionary arguments can be met, however, psychological egoism faces the problems noted earlier.  In response, the psychological egoist might move to what Gregory Kavka (1986, 64–80) calls “predominant egoism:” we act unselfishly only rarely, and then typically where the sacrifice is small and the gain to others is large or where those benefiting are friends, family, or favorite causes. Predominant egoism is not troubled by the soldier counter-example, since it allows exceptions; it is not trivial; and it seems empirically plausible.  (For other weakened positions, see LaFollette 1988 and Mercer 2001.)