 Moreover, contra Searle (1995) and (again) contra the collective acceptance account (see section 3 below), for the most part institutional rules are merely regulative and not constitutive (Guala 2016: ch.5). Roughly speaking, a regulative rule governs a pre-existing action type, e.g. ‘Do not walk on the grass’, whereas constitutive rules (supposedly) create new forms of activity, e.g. the rules of chess, and have the form ‘X counts as Y in circumstances, C’ (Searle 2010: 96). According to Guala, constitutive rules are not necessary to institutions; regulative rules are sufficient. (See section 3 below.) 