 Certainly, though, Quine’s holism has been an epistemic possibility that many have taken seriously. For example, influenced by Quine’s claim, Putnam (1968 [1975]) argued that one ought to revise even elementary logic in view of the surprising results of quantum mechanics (a proposal not without its critics, see Quantum Logic and Probability Theory). And in his (1962 [1975] he also argued that it isn’t hard to imagine discovering that a purported analytic truth, such as Cats are animals, could be given up in light of discovering that the little things are really cleverly disguised robots controlled from Mars (but see Katz, 1990, pp. 216ff and G. Russell, 2008, for replies, and the supplement §3 for further discussion).