These are the infamous “donkey sentences” that were already discussed by scholastic philosophers, and in modern times were reintroduced into philosophy by Geach (1962). In these cases it is obvious that the pronouns don’t refer, so they can’t be coreferential with their antecedents, either. Nor are the pronouns bound by their antecedents, for they aren’t c-commanded by them. The constituent structure of [7b] is roughly as follows: