 While Darwin may be seen as the progenitor of modern animal cognition research, many other scientists have played a role, leading to the vibrant interdisciplinary research we see today. Learning theorists who look carefully at the mechanisms that lead to acquiring new knowledge arose from the behaviorist methods of John Watson and B.F. Skinner. Field researchers owe much to the classical ethologists Nikolaas Tinbergen, Konrad Lorenz, and Karl von Frisch. Considerations of animal culture found their own progenitor in the work of ecologist and anthropologist Kinji Imanishi, who saw social transmission in animals as the same process that supports human cultural learning. The idea of creating puzzles for animals to solve can be traced back to psychologist Edward Thorndike’s puzzle boxes for cats. The rejuvenation of interest in animal consciousness finds an early defense in psychologist Margaret Floy Washburn, whose textbook The Animal Mind: A Text-book of Comparative Psychology (1908) was widely used in psychology for the first third of the twentieth century. The interface between psychology, anthropology, and biology is where most of the research in animal cognition can be found today.