 There is, however, one important sense in which even an exploiter could be said to harm her victim. Even if relative to a baseline of no transaction at all, exploitation often makes its victim better off, relative to a baseline of a fair transaction, exploitation leaves its victim worse off. In this sense, an exploiter’s gain does, contra Joel Feinberg, come at the victim’s expense (Feinberg 1988: 178). For even when both parties gain from the transaction, the victim of exploitation gains less than she should because some of the “cooperative surplus” (to which she is by fairness entitled) has been captured by the exploiter.