  It is now almost a tradition in the literature on quotation to include a brief dismissive discussion of the Proper Name Theory of Quotation. This view is described, although not clearly endorsed, in passages in Quine and Tarski (e.g., Quine 1940, pp. 23–26; 1961, p. 140; Tarski 1933, p. 159ff), and comments in passing in both Reichenbach (1947, p. 335) and Carnap (1947, p. 4) strongly suggest they were adherents. That said, there is some debate about whether Quine and Tarski ever held the view (see, e.g., Bennett 1988, Richard 1986, Saka 1998, and Gomez-Torrente 2001). It is worth mentioning that although we quote them below, we do not thereby mean to attribute the Proper Name Theory to them; we do so merely because they describe it clearly.