 One of his most famous policy proposals is a negative income tax, where the poor would receive cash transfers if their incomes were low enough, financed by positive income taxes on the rich and middle class (Friedman 1962a [2002: 191–4]). Friedman (1960 [2002: 191–2]) thought this policy was legitimate to reduce poverty because pure private charity may invite free-riding. He (1962a [2002: 85–107]) is also the inventor of the school-voucher policy, and he (1974b [2012: 20]) supported compulsory education so long as government does not control the  schools.[9]  Friedman worried that the welfare state would be too bureaucratic and authoritarian, however, which is why he favored replacing most welfare-state programs with cash transfers.