 Stimulated in large part by their article and the reaction to it, another lively debate considers the basic conceptual question of how health inequalities should be defined in the first place (for a nice overview, see Asada 2013). Should they be defined across social groups? Or across individuals instead? It helps to consider this question on two separate levels. Let us call the first one the “fundamental moral level” and let us assume that, on this level, the individual is the basic unit of concern. The question at this first level asks whether it is health inequalities across individuals or health inequalities across groups which matter from the standpoint of justice.