 Recanati’s ER relations draw heavily on Lewis’s (1983) relations of “epistemic rapport”—causal chains that would permit information flow, or information channels under another name. Both Recanati and Lewis recognise the disjunction problem by allowing that both information and misinformation may be transmitted along information channels. Recanati’s take is that the reference of a mental file is fixed by the object that sits at the distal end of the information channel that contributes to the information that the mental file contains, irrespectively of the “fit”. Fit may of course be bad on account of noisy channels and/or misidentification on the agent’s behalf. As Recanati puts it: