 action |  aesthetics: British, in the 18th century |  Berkeley, George |  causation: the metaphysics of |  Collins, Anthony |  free will |  Gassendi, Pierre |  Hobbes, Thomas |  Hume, David |  incompatibilism: (nondeterministic) theories of free will |  -->legalpunishment--> |  Locke, John |  memory: epistemological problems of |  Molyneux’s problem |  -->ordinary language--> |  perception: epistemological problems of |  primary and secondary qualities in early modern philosophy |  realism |  Scottish Philosophy: in the 18th Century |  skepticism 