 At the level of style, failures in performance can occur in at least three ways. They can occur if some of the features grouped together into conventions do not clearly and coherently induce the effects—the goals—at which they appear to be aimed. Or they may occur if the performers do not understand what effects the conventions they have adopted actually induce and, so, have made choices quite at odds with their own self-conscious aims. They may also occur if the aims of the performers are unclear and they have selected a mix of conventions that is confusing to an audience. If a spectator is tracking the adequacy of hypothesis about what performers are doing and she understands performances and their features, she will notice these failures and be able to explain them to others as well.