 A negative moral right to procreate—also discussed under the label of “reproductive liberty” or “procreative liberty”—may be grounded in autonomy rights to control one’s body and make certain important decisions for oneself (Dworkin 1993). Violations could involve direct physical coercion such as rape or forced abortion or sterilization, or coercive interference with decisions regarding sexual activity or contraception. Involuntary physical interventions such as forced contraception, sterilization, or abortion were practiced in twentieth-century eugenic movements. Their wrongness is now generally acknowledged, but critics see continuity between such racist policies and contemporary moderately coercive policies such as making contraceptive implants the condition of medical aid for impoverished women, particularly for women of color (see Roberts 1997).