 Most commentators take Spinoza to uphold a total explanatory closure of mental and physical realms: pace Descartes, no physical thing can enter into conceptual or explanatory relations with anything mental, and vice versa. For example, regardless of how we might experience things, no physical occurrence, such as shaking a fist at someone, can be made intelligible by appealing to anything mental, like a menacing intention. Analogously, no bodily injury can make intelligible the feeling of pain.