 Even if gamete donors are not parents, they may still have substantial obligations towards their offspring. Bayne (2003) argues that gamete donors have the responsibility to prevent certain kinds of lives from coming about. For instance, they may be obliged to refrain from creating children with severe congenital diseases that would result in a ‘life not worth living’. Many authors (Bayne 2003; Archard 2010; Porter 2014; Fuscaldo 2006; O’Neill 1979, Brandt 2016) also think that gamete donors must take steps to ensure that their offspring will be parented in at least a minimally acceptable manner.