 In the Treasury, Vasubandhu provides an argument against the existence of Īśvara, a God who is the sovereign creator of  everything.[29]  For Vasubandhu, theism is essentially the absurd notion that all of creation might be the result of a single cause. He begins his disproof with what has been called verbal equivocation (Katsura 2003, p. 113), and might also be taken as a joke or a pun: