 We started out by considering Dedekind’s contributions to the foundations of mathematics in his overtly foundational writings: the two booklets, Stetigkeit und irrationale Zahlen (1872) and Was sind und was sollen die Zahlen? (1888). We then added a sketch and preliminary analysis of the methodological innovations in his more mainstream mathematical writings, from his work in algebraic number theory to other areas. We also noted that the logical and metaphysical position in his foundational work is closely tied to his more general methodological and epistemological perspective. In this sense, any attempt to distinguish sharply between his “foundational” and his  other “mathematical” writings is misguided; Dedekind made foundationally relevant contributions throughout his work. In fact, his case provides a good argument and illustration for a more general lesson. Namely, any strict distinction between  “foundational” or “philosophical”  questions about mathematics, on the one hand, and  “inner-mathematical” or “practice-based” questions,  on the other hand, is counterproductive in the end, especially if one does not want to impoverish both sides.