 Although on Natorp’s view, the first-order phenomena of subjective psychological experience (Erlebnis) elude scientific understanding altogether, he wrote two significant works on what he calls “critical” psychology. Pure, unconceptualized subjectivity is the immediate condition of the psyche; but the “logos” of science just means “objectivity”. Hence, Natorp argues, there can be no “psycho-logy” in the strict sense of the term, for it would amount to the objectivation of subjectivity, and hence to the annihilation of the very thing a psychology would want to study: the psyche in its “natural” state (cf. Natorp, 1887: 283). Although there is no 