 For Cicero, who has many common points with Philo despite fundamental differences, the problem of the choice of life (theoretical, political, or mixed) is one of the most frequent themes of his philosophical reflection. For him, it was essentially a matter of personal choice. In the case of Philo, as it was underlined by Calabi (2011, 2013: 87), the commandment to observe the Sabbath establishes a structural organization of time, which must include at least a part of theoretical life. Philo stresses the fact that in all the Jewish communities Sabbath was a day for praying and also for devoting oneself to philosophy (Spec. 2.62), that is, the study of the Torah. Does the De uita contemplativa, with its long description of the life of the Therapeuts of Alexandria, mean that the theoretical life was for Philo the best kind of life, or only a philosopher’s dream? There are many declarations of Philo asserting the superiority of the theoretical life. At the same time, he does not imagine this life as an isolated one. To live in the desert does not necessarily mean to live alone. In fact, the desert is the place where the double aspect of virtue appears most clearly, which is reflection and action at the same time. This duality is once again a common point between Philo and the Stoics, but also an element of difference, because no Stoic showed the slightest interest for kind of life of the Therapeuts.