 Causal theories of the basing relation hold that for a belief to be based on a reason, the reason must cause the belief in an appropriate way. Causal theories of the basing relation must not be confused with causal theories of knowledge or justification. One might take a causal theory of the basing relation to explain how one has taken into account the reasons one possesses when forming or evaluating a belief, regardless of whether the reason actually contributes to the justification of the belief. Also, one might hold that a belief’s being justified requires not only being based on a good reason, but also requires, e.g., the fulfillment of various epistemic duties, coherence within an appropriate cognitive system, etc.