 All one can know with certainty, according to Norinaga, is what is recorded in the Divine Age chapters of Kojiki, and this text rendered the Divine Age proximate and no longer remote as it was for Mabuchi. One’s human responsibility is to act kannagara, i.e., in conformity to the wishes of the kami, and Norinaga cast the monarch (tennō) in Kyoto as the physical link in a metaphysical chain that connected the Japanese people with the solar deity Amaterasu. For Norinaga, Amaterasu was both sun goddess and the sun itself, and so the world as a whole owed a daily debt of gratitude to this quintessential Japanese deity for the very gift of solar warmth and light. Beyond this Norinaga claimed that on the basis of Japanese mythology, Japan was the primal source of all the world’s countries compounding the world’s obligation to Japan.