 An alternative answer to the attack is therefore that some informed consent rights are waiveable (perhaps including many disclosure rights), and others are non-waiveable (perhaps including the right to revoke prior consent to bodily intrusion). Theory is needed in order to tell which informed consent rights are waiveable and which are not. (Is the alleged second-order right to waive informed consent rights alienable?) Theory should also explore whether non-waiveable consent requirements are consistent with patient autonomy, say, because what such requirements impose is autonomous decision-making (potentially out of paternalistic concern with protecting the patient’s autonomy).