 Jansen and Arnauld, like Bañez, defended the position that actual grace of the will is sometimes intrinsically  efficacious.[32]  But they disagreed about the nature of such grace. According to Bañez, efficacious grace is the supernatural counterpart of “physical premotion.” The elusive notion of physical premotion is part of a general account of God’s causation of the actions of creatures. According to this account, God is a cause of a creature’s action by bringing about in the creature a “premotion” that results in the creature’s carrying out the action in question. For Bañez, then, the actual grace in question is a sort of supernatural beginning of volition that is produced in the human being by God and that infallibly results in a meritorious act of will. Jansen rejected this notion, arguing that it is an obscure hypothesis that explains nothing. He held that efficacious grace is, instead, a feeling of love, which he called a “delectatio victrix (victorious pleasure)” and which infallibly leads to a meritorious act.