 With this in mind, relevance logic attempts to avoid the ‘fallacies of relevance’ (also called ‘paradoxes of the material conditional’). These are conditionals that are valid in classical and modal logic, simply because the antecedent is a necessary falsehood or the consequent is a necessary truth, but without a guarantee of any real connection between them. Examples include \(A \wedge \neg A \rightarrow B\) (ex contradictione quodlibet, or the Law of Explosion), \(A \rightarrow B \vee \neg B\), and \(A \rightarrow (B \rightarrow B)\) (verum ex quolibet).