 Putnam (1973, 1975a) and Kripke (1972) reject the descriptivist view of natural kind terms. Putnam’s principal aim is to undermine internalism about reference and extension (“meanings just ain’t in the head”). Kripke’s aim is first to restate a Millian view of proper names (they denote without connoting) and then to extend that view to natural kind terms. (‘Millian’ will be used to characterize any account of the semantics of a term that claims that it denotes without connoting, even when applied, pace Mill, to kind terms.) According to Kripke, Mill was right about proper names but wrong about kinds; Millianism—Mill’s denotation-without-connotation view—is right for both sorts of term. Salmon (1982) categorizes Kripke’s arguments against descriptivism for singular terms under the headings ‘the modal arguments’, ‘the epistemological arguments’, and ‘the semantic arguments’—this categorization is useful also for the corresponding arguments against descriptivism for general terms.