 A further difficult kind of case for contractualism is where the burdens that different persons stand to suffer are unequal—and so cannot balance each other and cancel each other out—but are still very severe in each case. The following example is suggested by Derek Parfit’s discussion of contractualism and aggregation (Parfit 2003). Consider a choice between two scenarios. In the first, one person suffers agony for a hundred years; while in the second a million people suffer agony for a hundred years minus a day. An additional day of agony is a considerable burden. Therefore if we consider the situation from the perspective of the single individuals involved, it would seem that the first person’s complaint (‘I will suffer for a hundred years’) outweighs the complaint of any other single individual (‘I will suffer for a hundred years minus a day’). However, a utilitarian would argue that, in this case, the second scenario is worse.