 These generalizations may be explained in terms of lower level sciences, but this is not our focus here. What is important for our purposes is that all of these generalizations are non-universal. That is, there are (actual and merely possible) situations in which the above generalizations do not hold, although all the conditions obtain that are explicitly stated in the antecedents of these generalizations. For instance, there are situations in which the following is the case: at the interface between dielectric media, there is a refracted ray in the second medium lying in the plane of incidence, making an angle \(\theta_t\), with the normal and this ray does not obey the equation \(\sin \theta/\sin \theta_t = n_2 /n_1\), the lack of vitamin C does not cause scurvy, the alleles separate differently than Mendel’s law of Segregation describes, the equilibrium number of a species does not increase in accord with the Area Law, people fail to act in a goal-oriented fashion, and an increase of demand of a commodity does not lead to an increase of price (even if the condition of perfect competition were realized).