Colyvan defends the opposing view (Colyvan 2001b), insisting that the application of mathematics to science does present a genuine problem. In particular, he argues that two major philosophical accounts of mathematics, Field's mathematical fictionalism and Quine's platonist realism, are unable to explain the problem. Thus, he concludes that the problem cuts across the realism/anti-realism debate in the philosophy of mathematics. The deflationary nominalist would insist that what is ultimately at issue—implicational opacity—is not a special problem, even though to the extent that it is a problem, it is one that is equally faced by realists and anti-realists about mathematics.