 Many medieval philosophers accepted this view, but not all, and towards the end of the thirteenth century critical voices were raised; Olivi seems to be one of the first to reject it completely. He thinks that it is possible to have one virtue while lacking others, and his strategy to ward off the Aristotelian theory is to argue that prudence itself is not one monolithic whole. Even if prudence turns out to be necessary for every moral virtue, it is possible to possess only the part of prudence that is proper to one particular virtue: