 The mutual pervasion of li and shi presents itself as paradoxical. Li is boundless and ceaseless. Shi are limited and impermanent. Pervade means “to spread through and be totally in every part of.” The paradox is that it is not at all clear how the limited and the unlimited can pervade each other. Would not the boundless become bounded by virtue of being contained within something limited? Would not the limited, by virtue of being limited, need to become unlimited in order to spread through every part of the boundless? The first pairing in Dushun’s second discernment seems to violate two quite plausible constraints, namely: nothing limited contains anything boundless; and nothing limited appears throughout anything boundless. 