 Servaas van der Berg suggests that a distinctive mode of attention can be seen in cases of aesthetic appreciation (van der Berg, 2019). He claims that this mode of attention is distinguished by its motivational structure, which has a form that is similar to the motivational structure of game playing, as theorised by Bernard Suits (Suits, 1978) and Thi Nguyen (Nguyen, 2020). This structure is one that inverts the normal order of priorities between means and ends: in normal actions one’s means are typically taken in order to bring about one’s ends, but the game-playing golfer (for example) instead adopts the end of getting his ball into a hole in order that he can take the means to reaching that end. Van der Berg argues that a similar inversion is seen in aesthetic appreciation, where the cognitive means that are required in order to reach understanding provide the reasons for adopting the end of understanding an item that is being appreciated aesthetically.