 Accounts of acting for a reason and of reason-explanation often appeal to causation. An agent acts for a certain reason, it is said, only if the agent’s recognizing that reason causes, in an appropriate way, the agent’s behavior; and citing a reason contributes to a (true) reason-explanation of an action only if the agent’s recognizing that reason caused the action in an appropriate way. Proponents of noncausal theories generally go for one or another of two alternative accounts, appealing either to the content of an intention that the agent is said to have concurrently with performing the action, or to the intentional content of the action itself.