 By contrast, according to the metaphysical claim of ontic pancomputationalism, a physical system is just a system of computational states. Computation is ontologically prior to physical processes, as it were. “‘Hardware’ [is] made of ‘software’” (Kantor 1982, 526, 534), or “it” (the physical) comes from “bit” (the computational) (Wheeler 1989). According to this non-traditional conception, if the universe is a cellular automaton, the cells of the automaton are not concrete, physical structures that causally interact with one another. Rather, they are software—purely “computational” entities.