 We want to design a one-dimensional automaton that answers a simple question: Are there more white or black cells at a given time \(t_0\)? Starting from any initial conditions with more white (black) cells, the ideal automaton will halt having all its cells turned white (black) after a given number of time steps (designing an automaton that always gives the right answer is not feasible in practice; so the performance is judged by the fraction of random initial conditions that are correctly classified). 