 The S-naturalism of the Scandinavian Realists is today viewed more as an intellectual-historical museum piece than as a live contender in jurisprudential debate. That Scandinavian Realism should have fallen out of favor is not altogether surprising, given the strong influence of logical positivism and the similar Uppsala school of philosophy on the philosophical outlook and approach of the major Scandinavian Realists (Bjarup 1999, p. 774; see also Sandin 1962, p. 496). Although many would still sympathize broadly with the Scandinavian Realists’ naturalism, anti-metaphysical inclinations, and moral anti-realism, their specific versions of these doctrines have not, as a general matter, aged well. Be that as it may, the poor long-term reception of the Scandinavians may be owed, in large part, to a rather more accidental cause: the influence of Hart (1959). In an influential review of Ross’ On Law and Justice—simply (and somewhat misleadingly) titled “Scandinavian Realism”—Hart famously attacked a central pillar of Ross’ legal philosophy, namely his austerely naturalistic analysis of the concept of legal validity. Ross (1962) responded in his own review of Hart’s The Concept of Law, arguing that Hart had misunderstood him and that their views, properly understood, were not so far apart.