  In Ibn Gabirol's cosmology, Intellect is highlighted as the  first created being, as the Divine Glory  (Kavod),[25] and as the first occurrence of “form in matter” composition (see Fons Vitae 5.10, p. 274, line 19; 5.11, p. 277, line 4; for the related idea that God creates esse in a composite way out of matter and form, cf. Fons Vitae 5.40, p. 329, line 4). At times, Ibn Gabirol emphasizes that this matter is pre-existent (that it does not have existence on its own without form), and at times, he can be taken, on the contrary, as emphasizing the “per se existens” nature of matter (as for example in his very definition of matter at Fons Vitae 1.10, p. 13, lines 15–17 and 5.22, p. 298, lines 13–7). While the precise meaning of Ibn Gabirol's idea is open for interpretation, Schlanger suggests that matter per se exists for Ibn Gabirol only as an idea in the mind of God, and not as an actual reality prior to Intellect (see Schlanger 1968, p. 294). In this vein, we may note Ibn Gairol's claim that the existence (esse) of matter is in the wisdom of God (Fons Vitae 5.10, p. 275).