 Third, there may be situations in which medical confidentiality should not be protected because the public has a right to know. One category of information which the public or public health officials are commonly thought to have a right to know is information about instances of highly infectious contagious diseases with high rates of mortality and morbidity, such as ebola, COVID-19, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis and measles. Another category of information deemed not suitable for confidentiality is information the media has a right to publish as a matter of its newsworthiness. Dramatic medical rescues of automobile accident victims are understandably newsworthy events. It has been argued that the public has a right to know about public officials’ serious medical problems, perhaps more than authorities have typically disclosed (Robins and Rothschild 1988; Thompson 1987). In the United States, plaintiffs in personal injury lawsuits are asked to submit to medical examination; and lawyers and grand juries have the authority to subpoena medical information for use in legal proceedings and investigations, placing highly sensitive medical information at risk of public disclosure (Wolf and Zandecki 2006). Like the demands of public health surveillance, legal process demands argue against unqualified rights of medical confidentiality (El Emam and Moher 2013).