 Suppose we accept higher-level plural quantification. How should this be implemented? One option is to introduce a separate set of variables for each level of such quantification, say “\(xxx\)”, etc. for second-level plurals (Rayo 2006). Another option is to use a single set of “all-purpose” variables whose values can be pluralities of any level (Oliver and Smiley 2016, ch. 15; Simons 2016; and Florio and Linnebo 2021, sect. 11.7). 