 Sweden: Pufendorf arrived in Lund in mid-1668 to assume his position as professor primarius of the law of nature and of nations (in the Law faculty), and of ethics and politics (in the Philosophy faculty). Immediately popular as a teacher, well-connected at court, as well as confident and outspoken, he was soon embroiled in personal and academic conflicts with some of his colleagues, particularly the jurist Nikolaus Beckmann and the theologian Josua Schwartz, who recruited the Lutheran bishop of Lund (Peter Winstrup) to their cause. Their discontent with Pufendorf’s On the Law of Nature and of Nations (DJN 1672), whose publication they actively tried to hinder, was articulated in An Index of Certain Novelties … against the Foundations of Orthodoxy (Index quarundam novitatum … contra orthodoxa fundamenta [1673]) – a list of thirty-one supposed errors in that work. The religious coloration of some accusations made it a dangerous matter for Pufendorf, yet he managed through his court connections to suppress both the Index and the relentless attacks in Lund (Beckmann was eventually banished). Still, the Index led to the prohibition of Pufendorf’s work in Saxony and embroiled him in bitter conflicts with professors there for many years. His articulate responses during this prolonged debate, including his self-justificatory autobiography, were later published under the title of Scandinavian Quarrel (ES 1686c). The collection not only reveals Pufendorf as a consummate polemicist but is also valuable for the clarification of important points in his natural law treatises, and as an entry into the bitter debates (in Germany) between secular natural lawyers and the Lutheran scholastics and theologians whom they challenged (De Angelis 2004).