 The latter half of the “Lesser Selection” presents a taxonomy of cases in which the Mohists contend that syntactic parallels between utterances can indeed help justify similar, parallel utterances, along with examples of cases in which they cannot. One of the text’s central claims is that parallelism—and indeed all four of the rhetorical techniques introduced—is potentially misleading and can be used only with meticulous attention to the semantic grounds underlying the correct use of names and expressions. This claim underscores the nature of the logical inquiries in the “Lesser Selection.” The text is not exploring formally valid, truth-functional inference procedures, but examining ways in which analogical inferences—in particular those based on syntactic parallelism—do or do not yield what the writers consider semantically correct utterances. When they do not, the Mohists reject the results by appeal to what they take to be basic norms governing the semantics of names and expressions, which they see as more fundamental than syntactical or formal features. As this characterization suggests, although their observations about the misleading nature of syntactic parallels may have helped point them away from any significant study of formal, truth-functional logic, their inquiries were oriented in a different direction from the start. 