 The Principle of Bivalence (PB) states that every statement has exactly one truth value: either true, or false. And because PB does apply to every statement, it applies also to statements about what will occur in the future. (The example Aristotle gives is “there will be a sea battle tomorrow”, while in On Fate Cicero talks about “you will recover from this illness”.) So for any pair of contradictory statements about the future—such as “you will recover from this illness” and “you will not recover from this illness”—exactly one of them is true, and has been true from eternity (Fat. 29, LS 55S; see the  Bibliography for abbreviations used).  But if it is true from eternity that an event will occur, then that event is necessary (Fat. 21, LS 38G). Since PB applies to every statement about what might occur in the future, every future event is necessary. (This is why, in the context of contemporary discussions of fatalist arguments that proceed from PB, PB is sometimes referred to as “logical determinism”.) However, because there is no point in deliberating about what is necessary (Int. 9 18b31–36), there is no point in deliberating about anything in the future. As Aristotle puts it, if the fatalist argument goes through, 