But one can also take a more conventional approach, where first of all, the use of “curried” (Schönfinkel-Church-Curry) functions in the semantics of predication is avoided in favor of relational interpretations, using lexical semantic formulas such as loves′ = λyλx(loves(x, y)), and second, unscoped NP-interpretations are viewed as unscoped restricted quantifiers (Schubert &amp; Pelletier 1982). Thus the unscoped LF above would be knows(⟨∃poem⟩, ⟨∀person⟩), and scoping of quantifiers, along with their restrictors, now involves “raising” quantifiers to take scope over a sentential formula, with simultaneous introduction of variables. The two results corresponding to the two alternative scopings are then