 One worry about Benatar’s argument is that it relies heavily on stipulating that unique moral features attach to reproduction, and so risks begging the question. Rivka Weinberg (2008) offers an argument for a similar conclusion, but on more general grounds. Weinberg argues that when individuals exercise control over materials that pose grave risks to others (what she calls ‘hazardous materials’) they are liable for the consequences that arise, regardless of the precautions they take. For instance, the owner of a pet lion is liable for damage done by the lion regardless of the precautions the owner takes to keep the lion contained. Calling this the “Hazmat Theory”, Weinberg argues that it applies to gametes because their use can have morally weighty consequences for third parties – namely the children that may result from the union of gametes. Consequently, Weinberg argues that gamete providers are obliged to care for the children that result from the voluntary use of their gametes (Weinberg 2008). 