 The refusal of essential Stoic concepts: Philo only uses the word sunkatathesis twice in his entire corpus, a key term defining the human ability to accept or refuse information given by the senses and the capacity to transform decisions into action. He uses sometimes oikeiôsis, another Stoic keyword, but never with the meaning the Stoics lent to this concept. In brief, Stoic oikeiôsis expresses the idea that Nature gives to every living being from birth an indication of what its supreme purpose in life will be. In the case of mankind, things are a little more complex. The first impulse is, as in the case of all animals, the impulse to survive, but after this comes the impulse toward a rational life, a privilege that human beings alone share with God. All this was unacceptable to Philo, both the idea that human beings could at their birth be submitted to the same law as animals, and the definition of telos, the supreme human good (Besnier 1999), as the capacity of making choices in accordance with nature. It must be added that Philo only uses the term “prokoptôn” (a progressing in ethics) as an exegetic tool. This absence can be interpreted as an argument against the thesis of a late conversion to stoIcism (Lévy 2021 vs Niehoff 2018).