 Suppose that initially, i.e., before selection has operated, the zygote genotypes are in Hardy-Weinberg proportions and the frequencies of the \(A_1\) and \(A_2\) alleles are \(p\) and \(q\) respectively, where \(p + q = 1\). The zygotes then grow to adulthood and reproduce, giving rise to a new generation of offspring zygotes. Our task is to compute the frequencies of \(A_1\) and \(A_2\) in the second generation; let us denote these by \(p'\) and \(q'\) respectively, where \(p' + q' = 1\). (Note that in both generations, we consider gene frequencies at the zygotic stage; these may differ from the adult gene frequencies if there is differential survivorship.)