 As one would expect, the new conservationists have been forcefully challenged. For example, David Doak, Victoria Bakker, Bruce Goldstein, and Ben Hale have challenged their claims across the board (Doak et al. 2014). First, they contend that Kareiva and Marvier focus on human well-being in the most narrow economic terms. Moreover, conservation has never been solely for the “more-than-human world” but has a rich tradition of managing for human interests as well. Second, there are many relatively undisturbed ecological systems that exist, and others have suffered irreversible effects by humans (e.g., anthropogenic global climate change). Third, they suggest that a narrowly anthropocentric approach to conservation has little by way of evidence of success. And, traditional approaches have much that testifies in their favor. Additionally, though some conservation projects have displaced indigenous peoples, conservation organizations have been working hard over the last few decades to try to avoid these environmental injustices. Fourth, they contest the social science that claims environmental attitudes have fundamentally changed and notes that actors are rarely self-motivated and apathetic in the ways the new conservationists suggest. Finally, if one were solely committed to human well-being with little regard to the moral standing of ecological systems, then we should be investing not in the Nature Conservancy but Save the Children, Oxfam, and Water for the People.