 Truth cannot attach to actual particular thoughts (cogitationes) or particular acts of judgment, since what is thought or judged by no one may nevertheless be true. Perhaps, then, truth attaches to things (res) rather than particular thoughts. However, falsehood cannot attach to things, only to thoughts. In which case, if truth attaches to things and falsehood attaches to thoughts, then we cannot say that the same subject might be true or false. Leibniz’s way out, as reported by Church, is that truth and falsehood attach to possible thoughts. This is the notion that Church considered an important step towards the abstract notion of a proposition.