 In order to answer this question, consider a school exercise in probability (see Kripke 1980: 16). Take two ordinary dice, \(D_{1}\) and \(D_{2}\), with six sides each. For each die, there are six possible outcomes of a throw. \(D_{1}\) and \(D_{2}\) are thrown and, on landing, display two numbers. Hence, there are thirty-six possible outcomes of throwing the dice. Let us now calculate the probability that the outcome of throwing the two dice is 11. There are only two outcomes of throwing the two dice in which they show together 11: either (i) \(D_{1}\) shows 5 and \(D_{2}\) 6 or (ii) \(D_{1}\) shows 6 and \(D_{2}\) 5. The probability of the outcome of \(D_{1}\)’s and \(D_{2}\)’s jointly showing 11 is the ratio between all possible outcomes of \(D_{1}\)’s and \(D_{2}\)’s jointly showing 11 and the totality of possible outcomes of throwing the two dice: 2/36 = 1/18.