 This is the condition that has come to be known as outcome independence, following Shimony (1986, 1990). As demonstrated by Jarrett (1983, 1984), the factorizability condition (F) is the conjunction of parameter independence and outcome independence. The two conditions bear different relations to the locality and causality conditions discussed in the previous subsection. PI is a consequence of the causal locality condition PLC-1 alone, whereas OI requires in addition the assumption of the common cause principle.