 The ‘too many thinkers’ problem looms even if we just consider two entities, the person and the organism, but it proliferates if we adopt a combination of perdurantism and universalism (as discussed in  section 8).  On such a view, there seem to be a multitude of person-like entities sitting in your chair right now, each with slightly different start-dates and end-dates. Perdurantists may argue that only the longest-lived of these is really a person, and that the others are mere temporal parts of a person, but opponents resist this move.