 It is also worth recalling why pattern cladists in particular object to model-based methods of phylogeny reconstruction. Pattern cladists typically reject any method of phylogeny reconstruction that includes assumptions about the evolutionary process (§1.2.1), e.g., Brower (2019: 717) identifies a centrral commitment distinguishing pattern from process (or traditional or phylogenetic) cladism as the rejection of “a priori evolutionary background assumptions from the inference of patterns of relationships among taxa.” As such, pattern cladists have strongly objected to likelihood and other model-based phylogenetic methods, as those explicitly incorporate evolutionary models (§1.2.3 and §2.4). This has typically gone hand-in-hand with a rejection of statistical approaches more generally, and a commitment to parsimony, e.g., “the statistical approach to phylogenetic inference was wrong from the start, for it rests on the idea that to study phylogeny at all, one must first know in great detail how evolution has proceeded. That cannot very well be the way in which scientific knowledge is obtained” (Farris 1983: 17).