  As to the first, we often have reason to account for our actions to others. We can leave open for now the precise conditions under which this is so. But it is plausible to think that if Alisha steals from Bintu she has reason for account for the theft, and that if Chika intentionally kills Dawn she has reason to account for the killing. Defenders of the curial view argue that criminal proceedings are of intrinsic value when defendants (are called to) offer accounts of themselves that they have reason to offer in criminal courts (Gardner 2007, 190–191; Duff 2010c, 15–17). Imagine Alisha stole from Bintu because she was under duress. Imagine Chika intentionally killed Dawn to defend herself or others. Neither of these defendants, we can assume, is justifiably punished. On the punitive view, criminal law’s function does not stand to be fulfilled. On the curial view, things are different. Alisha and Chika both have reason to account for their behaviour—to explain what they did and why they did it. Criminal proceedings invite each to provide that account and put each under pressure to do so. Assuming Alisha and Chika have reason to account in a criminal court, proceedings in which they (are called to) do so are of intrinsic value. One of criminal law’s functions is fulfilled even if no-one is, or should be, punished.