  The entry has three main sections. In the first section, current Nativist developments are put in recent historical context, especially the connections between Chomsky’s linguistic innovations and current cognitive science research. The second, and longest section, takes up three areas of current research on children’s early concepts and understanding—of physical objects, number, and mind/agency—to give a sense of the type of empirical work being conducted and to highlight some of the promising results that are  emerging.[1] A third section reviews some recent work in the study of development that is close to the Empiricist side of the traditional divide.