Three nominalization strategies will be discussed below: mathematical fictionalism (Field 1980, 1989), modal structuralism (Hellman 1989, 1996), and deflationary nominalism (Azzouni 2004). The first two reject the second premise of the indispensability argument. They provide ‘hard roads’ to nominalism (Colyvan 2010), in the sense that the nominalist needs to develop the complex, demanding work of showing how quantification over mathematical objects can be avoided in order to develop a suitable interpretation of mathematics. The third strategy rejects the first premise of the argument, thus bypassing the need to argue for the dispensability of mathematics (in fact, for the deflationary nominalist, mathematics is ultimately indispensable). By reassessing Quine's criterion of ontological commitment, and indicating that quantification over certain objects does not require their existence, this strategy yields an ‘easy road’ to nominalism.