 Most discussion has centered on whether it is permissible for prospective parents to avail themselves of these novel technologies for procreation. There has also been some debate over whether people have a claim to access these technologies through public health care systems or private health insurance. Most rich countries with universal health care provide some treatment for infertility. For example, the United Kingdom’s National Health Service funds a limited number of cycles of IVF for couples who meet eligibility criteria. Given limited resources, providing ART takes away from money that could be spent on other health care interventions (Roberts 1997). In this context it is particularly important whether infertility is properly considered a disease or disability in need of treatment (Neumann 1997; McLeod 2017). Another broad social concern raised by all these technologies is their role in the reproduction of race; when such technologies are used to produce racially similar children, they may perpetuate the idea of race as natural, as opposed to a social construction (Russell 2018).