 Carnap (1956a) proposed setting out the “meaning postulates” of a scientific language as just such conventional stipulations. This had the further advantage of allowing terms to be “implicitly defined” by their conventional roles in such postulates, which might then serve as part of a theory’s laws or axioms. The strategy seemed especially appropriate for defining logical constants, as well as for dealing with cases like (11)-(13) above, e.g. “Red is a color,” where mere substitution of synonyms might not  suffice.[9]  So perhaps what philosophical analysis is doing is revealing the tacit conventions of ordinary language, an approach particularly favored by Ayer (1934/52).