 One question about external memory concerns the concept of external memory itself. Clark and Chalmers’ argument appeals to apparent functional analogies between Otto’s notebook and internal memory in non-memory-impaired individuals, suggesting that, in virtue of these analogies, appropriate external resources may, when certain conditions are met, qualify as literal external memory stores. Opposition to their argument has thus been driven by a variety of apparent functional disanalogies between internal and external memory (Adams &amp; Aizawa 2008; Rupert 2009). External memory, which tends to be designed to provide highly stable storage, does not, for example, duplicate the constructive character of internal memory. One response to these disanalogies is to retreat to a more moderate alternative to extended cognition, such as embedded (Rupert 2009), scaffolded (Arango-Muñoz 2013; Sterelny 2010), or situated (Sutton 2009) cognition, on which external resources may play a vital role in remembering without themselves literally taking part in the memory process. Another response is to move away from parity-based arguments for extended cognition of the sort offered by Clark and Chalmers to the complementarity-based arguments advanced by Clark in subsequent work (e.g., Clark 2003). While the former appeal to functional analogies between internal and external memory, the latter appeal to functional disanalogies, suggesting that external memory comes to play a role in remembering precisely because it does not mimic internal memory (Sutton 2010a). Given the constructive character of internal memory, for example, stable forms of external memory may make a distinct and valuable contribution to remembering.