 Following Fine, E.J. Lowe (2008, 2012) characterizes the essence of \(x\) as the real definition of \(x\). Lowe’s answer to  (a)  is thus straightforward: we know the essence of \(x\) simply by understanding what x is. Unfortunately, Lowe does not elaborate on his notion of understanding (see Tahko 2017, 2018 for discussion). Instead, he puts forward a transcendental argument for the claim that we have knowledge of essence. According to this,