 The footnotes and first chapter of the Logische Studien reveal the extent to which Lange was engaged in discussions with philosophers in Bonn and in Berlin who were particularly interested in the methodology of science, including Hermann Cohen, Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg, Friedrich Überweg, and others. These late nineteenth century discussions set the stage for the work of more well-known philosophers of science of the early twentieth century. Lange’s work in this context is a counterpoint to the neo-Kantian and materialist traditions.