 Here is a Meinongian solution: Suppose objects pop in and out of existence but thereby do not gain or lose their being. (For a Meinongian, all existent objects have being but not all being objects exist.) According to this picture, “Socrates” now denotes the nonexistent Socrates and “the first female pope” now denotes the nonexistent first female pope. Accordingly, although we cannot allow for the inference from