 Lange’s rejection of two distinctions central to Kantian thought are one argument against placing him squarely in any neo-Kantian tradition. However, Lange’s work in the Logische Studien and in the “Standpoint of the Ideal” chapter are difficult to reconcile with a purely empiricist stance either, so he is difficult to place in the philosophical tradition. In addition, Lange concludes the Logische Studien with an intriguing, but somewhat perplexing, appeal to neo-Platonist thought in explaining his theory of space and time. In general, while it is true that Lange proposed rejecting these fundamental Kantian distinctions, there is reason to question whether he conceived of a coherent view that dispenses with them. For instance, Lange suggests that certain logical inferences are based on manipulations of the “formal” aspects of our representations, but, arguably, Lange does not explain how we are to distinguish formal from material in this context (see Patton 2011, 150–151).