 The magistrates and the appeal court seem to have disagreed over the effect of two principles: a principle that statutes should only be read as imposing criminal liability if they do so unequivocally, and a principle that the purposes for which Parliament passed the statute should be pursued. Assume that those principles are legal principles, in the sense that a decision in accordance with the law must respect them. The apparent tension between the principles might be resolved in one of the following two ways. We do not have the magistrates’ reasons, but let’s presume that they resolved the tension in the first way; the appeal court resolved it in the second way: