 Even by those within psychiatry, it has been widely concluded that as tools for research, the prevailing classifications are flawed, producing findings tending to be inconsistent, non-replicable, non-specific, or ambiguous, with the categories involved exhibiting problems of construct and predictive validity, as well as imprecise phenotypic definitions, widespread heterogeneity, and extensive comorbidity (Cuthbert &amp; Insel 2013; Poland 2014). Reviewing these flaws in the classification scheme and the research dependent on it, Jeffrey Poland and Barbara Von Eckardt conclude that it provides a very poor map of the domain of mental illness, leading to a crisis in mental health research practice (Poland &amp; Von Eckardt 2013).