 Other arguments for pluralism also take their start from levels of organization. Sandra Mitchell (2003), for instance, argues that since biological systems are typically multilevel, this dissipates locating causes within the system from one single level into multiple interacting causes that are simultaneously in effect at the different levels (2003: 147; 2009: 114–5). Mitchell argues on this basis for a broader integrative pluralism that takes itself to be suggested by the multilevel and multicomponential “ontology of complex systems” (2009: 109). The basic idea of integrative pluralism falls out of the fact that biological systems evolve in a contingent manner (2003: 58), thus setting the stage for multilevel evolutionary scenarios (2003: 24, 31). This in turn highlights the preponderance of ‘emergent properties’ in biological systems, which appear at novel levels of organization out of the interactions of simpler components. Both of these factors inflate the overall number of explanatory sources that could contribute to explaining a given phenomenon (2003: 6; 2009: 8). Consequently, discovering unilateral causes for complex phenomena will not be forthcoming (2003: 160). Likewise, Ingo Brigandt (2010, 2013) emphasizes the pursuance of investigation at multiple levels of organization as a fact about scientific practice (2010: 303), but also as cause to articulate the localized significance of explanatory contributions to particular problems, as in the case of evo-devo explanations (2010: 303). 