 Given these historical roots, some authors reserve the term “incommensurable” for comparisons that can be made, but not cardinally (Stocker 1980, 176; Stocker 1997, 203; Chang 1997b, 2). Others interpret the idea of a common measure more broadly. On this broader interpretation, for there to be a common measure, all that is required is that ordinal comparisons or rankings are possible. Values or bearers of value are then incommensurable only when not even an ordinal comparison or ranking is possible (e.g., Raz 1986; Rabinowicz 2021a). On this interpretation, incommensurability is defined as the relation that holds between two items when neither is better than the other nor are they equally as good.