 This preparatory discussion in hand, let’s look at the arguments in the “White Horse Discourse.” The text consists of a series of exchanges between a sophist and an objector, who defends the commonsense view that white horses are horses. For brevity, we will translate and discuss only the sophist’s arguments, not the objector’s. To capture the flavor of the Chinese, we will render certain phrases in pidgin English, omitting articles and plurals. So we will translate the main thesis as “White horse is not horse,” variously interpretable as “a white horse is not a horse,” “white horses are not horses,” “a white horse is not an exemplar of the kind horse,” or “the kind white horse is not identical with the kind  horse.”[19] 