  According to Martin, properly understood, disjunctivism offers us an epistemological perspective on how we should conceive of debates about perceptual experience. Martin suggests that the key to the disjunctive approach lies not in its appeal to paraphrasing claims about experience in disjunctive form, but rather in its appeal to the epistemic notion of indiscriminability in explicating the claims we make about perceptual experience. (For detailed discussion of the notion of discriminability, see Williamson 1990). Martin suggests that what is distinctive of the disjunctive approach is the ‘modesty’ of the claims it makes about what one can know about one’s perceptual experiences. In contrast, the alternatives to the disjunctive approach are ‘immodest’ in their assumptions about our epistemic powers. The alternatives to the disjunctive approach that Martin appears to have in mind here are those versions of the common element view that hold that (a) there are phenomenal properties that are common to perceptions, illusions, and hallucinations, and (b) the possession of such properties is both necessary and sufficient for an event to be a conscious perceptual experience.