 This entry begins with a section on the ingredients of medieval philosophy. It explains how medieval philosophy was based especially on texts and their commentary, and looks at how these texts were transmitted to the four branches of the medieval tradition and between them. The next section looks at the different styles of philosophizing in the period, and the following section focuses on three problems that highlight some of the special concerns of medieval philosophy, how religious concerns interact with reasoning and the differences between the four branches. The penultimate section is devoted to logic and its unusual importance during the period, and the last section discusses the chronological bounds of medieval philosophy.