 Kant develops an Enlightenment version of moral religion in his Religion within the Boundaries of Pure Reason (1793). Virtue, for Kant, is an enduring disposition to follow the moral law at the expense of motivation to the contrary, and it is this disposition, in particular, that needs to be cultivated and nurtured within our moral sentiments. However, since the problem of unsocial sociability is the primary obstacle to virtue, we need a social solution to the problem. This solution, for Kant, is an ethical community or “ethical state” (in contrast to a legal “juridical state”), in which mutual encouragement and support in the development of the required disposition (rather than fear of legal sanctions) is the primary means of achieving the desired result. Such an ethical community is what Kant calls a “church.” And he goes on to say that we must look to the history of religion to trace the development of such communities, asserts (not surprisingly) that Christianity (through the doctrine of Christ as the redeemer) is the best we have so far, and concludes, finally, that only the regulative ideal of a universal church embracing all of humanity – a church of reason – can fully serve the goal of developing perfect, and therefore universal virtue.