 An alternate account that has features in common with the rights-based approach but that, by focusing more closely on the question of whether future people have been ‘unfair[ly]’ treated as compared against existing people and thus “wrongfully exploited” (emphasis added), goes some distance in avoiding both objections. Liberto 2014, 76–81. See also Kavka 1981, 106–109. The idea is that, in cases where the exploitation is established as itself wrongful, the first objection, based on waiver, fails. The same idea provides a defense against the second objection. When the enslaved couple produce a child who is sure to be born a slave, there seems to be no basis on which to claim that the couple has wrongfully exploited the child. (The broader community, of course, would remain liable.) A question for the view is whether it can be extended to address instances of the nonidentity problem in which it seems clear that a wrong has been done but future people aren’t treated unfairly as compared against existing people. Thus forms of depletion, e.g, may still be considered wrong and to make things worse even if existing people gain nothing and even if – due to technological developments – future people are substantially better off than are existing people. 