 Later, in Book VIII, Averroes considers that Book VII did not deal with motion because of ‘leaning’ in particular, and that Book VIII finishes the task. In this book he classifies essential motions in two kinds: violent and natural, and he divides the latter in ‘motion because of the soul’ and ‘motion because of leaning’ (declinatio: Arabic mail), which includes gravity and levity, that is, the motion of the elements to their natural place (LC 366D TC28). Since natural motion of the four elements seems to happen by itself, Aristotle put forward several arguments to prove that they are not moved by themselves (Phys. VIII, 255a1–b30) but the chapter ends acknowledging that “[the element] possesses a principle of motion in itself, although not of setting in motion nor of acting but of being affected”.