 Ockham’s writings are conventionally divided into two groups: the so called “academic” writings and the “political” ones. By and large, the former were written or at least begun while Ockham was still in England, while the latter were written toward the end of Ockham’s Avignon period and later, in  exile.[9]  With the exception of his Dialogue, a huge political work, all are now available in modern critical editions, and many are now translated into English, in whole or in  part.[10]  The academic writings are in turn divided into two groups: the “theological” works and the “philosophical” ones, although both groups are essential for any study of Ockham’s philosophy.