 Another recent development in the study of anaphora comes from a series of papers by Philippe Schlenker on anaphora in sign language, particularly ASL (American Sign Language) and LSF (French Sign Language) (2010, 2011, 2012a,b, 2013a,b, 2014, 2015). In sign language, an antecedent is associated with a particular position in signing space called a locus, and an anaphoric link to the antecedent is obtained by pointing at that same locus. Unlike spoken languages, which have a limited number of lexically encoded pronouns, in sign language there seems to be no upper bound on how many loci can simultaneously be used, aside from limitations of performance (since signers have to remember what the loci are assigned to, and be able to distinguish one from another). Schlenker (2015) gives an example of a short discourse that involves 7 distinct loci. Given their unbounded number and their overt connection to antecedents, Schlenker (as well as others) posits that they are the overt realization of formal indices, i.e., the variables that mark anaphoric connections in theories like DRT and dynamic semantics. Despite their differences, sign language and spoken language pronouns have enough in common that a uniform theory is desirable, and Schlenker argues that sign language provides evidence applicable to at least two debates in the anaphora literature. First, there is good evidence that in sign language, there is a single system of anaphora using loci for denoting individuals, times, and worlds. This provides evidence in favor of those who think that there are temporal and modal variables and pronouns in spoken language. Second, Schlenker argues that the use of loci, which look like an overt use of indices, very much resembles the dynamic semantic account of pronominal anaphora since antecedents introduce variables (loci) and anaphoric connections are made by repeating the same variables (loci). Just as in spoken language, this occurs even when the anaphoric pronouns are outside the syntactic scope of their antecedents. Furthermore, according to Schlenker one of the most decisive examples is the bishop example  (50),  repeated here: