  There has also been growing interest in the question of whether addiction is perhaps best understood as a form of akrasia. Building on the arguments of Mele (2002), Nick Heather (2016) contends that addiction shares the core features of akratic action and should be understood as a special kind of akrasia, one in which agents consistently act against both their present judgments and their prior resolutions (Heather 2016 p. 133–4). Heather thus accepts Holton’s (1999) distinction between akrasia and weakness of will, but argues that addiction paradigmatically involves both halves of this distinction.