  Imagine that \(D\) takes \(V\)’s property without \(V\)’s consent. Is \(D\) criminally responsible for the taking? Not necessarily. In English law, \(D\) commits the offence of theft only if \(D\) acts dishonestly, and intends for \(V\) to be deprived of her property permanently. Theft is one of many offences commission of which depends on one’s state of mind. Elements of offences that require particular mental states are known as mens rea elements. Other elements are known as actus reus elements.