 The first problem is: what turns something into a scientific representation of something else? It has become customary to phrase this problem in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions and ask: what fills the blank in “\(S\) is a scientific representation of \(T\) iff ___”, where “\(S\)” stands for the object doing the representing and “\(T\)” for “target system”, the part or aspect of the world the representation is  about?[1]  Let us call this the Scientific Representation Problem (or SR-Problem for short).