 Gaṅgeśa also swims against the mainstream by eschewing knowledge of speaker’s intention to explain the triggering of lakṣaṇā. He points out that typically one has to understand a statement before knowing the speaker’s intention in making it. A hearer’s knowing the speaker’s intention is not a necessary factor in the generation of the hearer’s testimonial knowledge through indirect indication, he says, but he admits that knowing a speaker’s intention could be sufficient.