 The view described in (iv) is very attractive because it captures the distinction between delusions and other irrational beliefs in terms of the effects on other aspects of our psychological and social life. However, using the notions of wellbeing and harm in accounts of delusions can be problematic. For some people, living with the delusion may be preferable to living without the delusion: ceasing to believe that I am a famous TV broadcaster after many years, and starting to accept that I have been mentally unwell instead, can cause low self esteem leading me to depression and suicidal thoughts (see the literature on the insight paradox, e.g. Belvederi Murri et al. 2016). Indeed, in the philosophical and psychiatric literature there have been recent explorations of the idea that some delusions are adaptive in some sense, psychologically, biologically, and even epistemically (McKay and Dennett 2009, Fineberg and Corlett 2016, Bortolotti 2016, Ritunnano, Humpston and Broome 2021).