 Bacon, Francis |  Bayle, Pierre |  contextualism, epistemic |  Descartes, René |  Hume, David |  Kant, Immanuel |  Montaigne, Michel de |  Pascal, Blaise |  rationalism vs. empiricism |  Sextus Empiricus |  skepticism: ancient |  skepticism: and content externalism |  transcendental arguments |  Wittgenstein, Ludwig 