 The componential current of structuralism was the first to produce an important innovation in theories of word meaning: Katzian semantics (Katz &amp; Fodor 1963; Katz 1972, 1987). Katzian semantics combined componential analysis with a mentalistic conception of word meaning and developed a method for the description of lexical phenomena in the context of a formal grammar. The mentalistic component of Katzian semantics is twofold. First, word meanings are defined as aggregates of simpler conceptual features inherited from our general categorization abilities. Second, the proper subject matter of the theory is no longer identified with the “structure of the language” but, following Chomsky (1957, 1965), with speakers’ ability to competently interpret the words and sentences of their language. In Katzian semantics, word meanings are structured entities whose representations are called semantic markers. A semantic marker is a hierarchical tree with labeled nodes whose structure reproduces the structure of the represented meaning, and whose labels identify the word’s conceptual components. For example, the figure below illustrates the sense of ‘chase’ (simplified from Katz 1987).