 In the past decade some progress has been made in the analysis of these questions. A basic insight is that the interaction between time and computational processes can be understood at an abstract mathematical level, without the burden of some intended physical application (Adriaans &amp; van Emde Boas 2011). Central is the insight that deterministic programs do not generate new information. Consequently deterministic computational models of physical systems can never give an account of the growth of information or entropy in nature: