 One influential researcher who has offered a widely discussed alternative account is Shaun Nichols. Social learning is the process in which normative rules are acquired from parents and other important people in a child’s environment. And while Turiel and other social domain theorists downplay the importance of social learning, it plays a central role in Nichols’ theory. Another widely discussed idea is that emotion or affect is important in moral development and moral cognition. This is a central theme in Shaftesbury, Hutcheson, and Hume and in the work of many contemporary philosophers (Kauppinen 2014 [2018]). Though emotion is rarely mentioned in Turiel’s work, it is a key element in Nichols’ explanation of how people distinguish conventional transgressions from transgressions involving harm.  [17]