 (i) Teller (1995) argues that definite physical quantities emerge when not only the quantum field operators but also the state of the system is taken into account. More specifically, for a given state \(|\psi \rangle\) one can calculate the expectation values \(\langle \psi |\phi(x)|\psi \rangle\) which yields an ascription of definite physical values to all points x in space and thus a configuration of the operator-valued quantum field that may be seen as a proper physical field. The main problem with proposal (i), and possibly with (ii), too, is that an expectation value is the average value of a whole sequence of measurements, so that it does not qualify as the physical property of any actual single field system, no matter whether this property is a pre-existing (or categorical) value or a propensity (or disposition). 