 More recently Bickle and Kostko (2018) have extended Silva, Landreth and Bickle’s framework beyond the neurobiology of learning and memory. Their case study comes from developmental and social neuroscience, Michael Meaney and Moshe Szyf’s work on the epigenetics of rodent maternal nursing behaviors on offspring stress responses. Using the details of this case study they elaborate on a notion that Silva, Landreth and Bickle leave underdeveloped, that of experiments designed explicitly for their results, if successful, to be integrated directly into an already-existing background of established results. And they argue that such experiments “integratable by design” with others are aimed not at establishing evidence for individual causal relations among neuroscientific kinds, but rather at formulating entire causal pathways connecting multiple phenomena. Their emphasis on causal paths relates to that of Lauren Ross (forthcoming). Ross’s work is especially interesting in this context because she uses her causal pathway concept to address “causal selection”, which has to do with distinguishing between background conditions and “true” (triggering) causes of some outcome of interest. For Silva, Landreth, and Bickle (2014), accounting for this distinction is likewise crucial, and they rely on a specific kind of connection experiment, “positive manipulations”, to draw it. Bickle and Kostko’s appeal to causal paths in a detailed case study from recent developmental neurobiology might help bridge Silva, Landreth and Bickle’s broader work on neurobiological experimentation with Ross’s work drawn from biology more generally.