 Given the great abundance of literature explicitly devoted to interpreting and reconstructing early Chinese views on language, it is impractical to attempt any exhaustive treatment here. To maintain common points of focus, attention will be restricted to those issues that appear to have obvious bearing on early Chinese philosophers’ interest in logic, specifically as it pertains to theories of reason and inference, generally construed. Our main questions are: How did early Chinese philosophers’ views about the content and function of language contribute to their understanding of logic as the study of valid or correct inference? Secondly, in what way did their logical investigations influence their views about language? Arguably, from the logician’s point of view, the greatest insights of early Chinese philosophers’ studies of logic and language are to be found in the later Mohists’ studies of intensionality, which appear to have influenced not only their specific theories on the efficacy of argumentation but also their core ideas about the nature and purpose of language. Further remarks address central points of disagreement the Mohists had with their Daoist critics, particularly as evident in the writings of  Zhuangzi,  and Xunzi’s reinterpretation of Mohist logic from the vantage point of his Confucian theory of ethics.