 The approaches to causation most widely discussed in the philosophical literature in recent decades have been the Bayes net or structural model accounts of causation developed by Peter Spirtes and his co-authors (Spirtes, Glymour, &amp; Scheines 1993 [2000]) and by Judea Pearl (2000; 2009). The account’s formal framework is also at the heart of Woodward’s highly influential interventionist account of causation and explanation (Woodward 2003a).