 Finally, Adam Pautz (2013, 2021) argues that intentionality is based on consciousness in a way that combines an empiricist appeal to interpretation theory with a rejection of the idea that our experience of thought and understnding is inherently cognitive. Embracing a nonreductive representationalist view of the phenomenal character of perceptual experience, Pautz draws on a Lewisian theory of interpretation to argue that we can satisfactorily account for the determinacy of our mental content if (but only if) we take the phenomenal intentionality of perceptual experience as basic. Our thoughts have the content they do not because their phenomenal character is inherently conceptual, but because the best interpretation of the totality of the perceptual experience we have and are disposed to have would assign us that thought content.