  There is, of course, some irony in Leibniz’s argument here. For, as  we noted above, in his early theory of motion Leibniz himself held  that bodies offer no resistance to being moved, and thus that it  would take no more effort to budge a boulder than a bobby pin. In his later works, however, Leibniz rejects the ideal laws of motion that  he had espoused in the TMA, while nonetheless continuing to hold that if matter were indifferent to motion, then the laws of his abstract theory of motion would hold. Leibniz thus concludes  that since his early laws of motion do not govern actual bodies,  bodies must not be indifferent to motion, and thus must not be  – as Descartes had maintained – simply bits of  geometrical extension made real. 