 In this argument, the sentence “It is always good to contemplate beautiful works of art”, occurs twice. In (1) it occurs by itself as an assertion; in (2) it occurs unasserted as part of a larger sentence. We know what the sentence is supposed to mean at its first occurrence—despite its indicative appearance it is really in the optative mood and expresses a wish: “Would that everyone always desired to desire to contemplate beautiful works of art!”. But what about its second occurrence where it appears as the antecedent to a conditional? Is it expressing that wish there? Surely not. For someone can subscribe to the conditional (2) whilst rejecting the relevant wish. For example, we can imagine somebody reasoning like this: