  My thanks to Leen Spruit for his comments on, and corrections to, the pre-publication version of this entry; Dario Tessicini for his advice about Bruno’s cometary theory; Hilary Gatti for her comments on Bruno’s insistence on the importance of the senses and observation; Ovanes Okopyan for the section on Soviet interpretations of Bruno; Valentina Zaffino for her various suggestions; and Ada Bronowski for her suggestion that Lucretius’s simulacra inspired, at least in part, Bruno’s theory that cosmic bodies emitted and absorbed stray particles. 