 I now turn to the two claims that derive from the methodological commitments of economic analysis of law. These two claims are also explanatory claims. Claim (IV), the behavioral claim, asserts that economic theory explains how individuals respond to legal rules and institutions. Claim (V), the causal claim, asserts that economically motivated action by both public officials and private citizens explains the content of legal rules and the structure of legal institutions. Each of these claims in principle has two variants. Claim (IVa) for example asserts that the classical theory explains how individuals respond to legal rules. Claim (IVb)asserts that some behavioral theory explains how individuals respond to legal rules. Similarly, claim (V) asserts that private citizens and public officials conform to the same behavioral theory. In practice, virtually all research addressing claim (V) attributes classical, narrowly self-interested preferences to both private individuals and public officials. 