 If we accept the communication model, we will conclude that participants in legal practice typically share an understanding of the meaning of the language of legislation; yet it is still clear that there are bound to be deep disagreements as to the implications of those law-making acts in some cases. Disagreement about the content of the law will arise if the persons subject to the law must apply a test that, like the legislation in Garner v Burr, can be controversial in its application in some cases. Likewise, disagreement will arise if the legislative act delegates authority to a court (as legislatures often do), or if the legislature communicates unclearly. The persons subject to the law must decide (and may dispute) how to interpret the acts of the legislature. And it may also be unclear (and controversial) in some cases whether the legislature has the power that it claims to have exercised, or whether a court has power to depart (and if so, whether it ought to depart) from a decision of the legislature.