 Brought before Charles V and ordered to recant, Luther refused, saying (according to tradition), “Here I stand. I can do no other”. If we can take his word for it, Luther was compelled by his conscience. Yet we still praise him for refusing, in spite of his inability to do otherwise. Indeed, his being compelled by conscience may enhance our moral admiration. Such cases of “volitional necessity” (Frankfurt 1982) are prima facie counterexamples to PAP. Sometimes when we act, alternatives are “unthinkable”: if a normal person is offered money to torture someone, that person will have no option but to refuse (Dennett 1984a). Again, this lack of alternatives is compatible with, and even enhances, moral praise. (See also Wolf 1980; Nelkin 2011, in which the goodness of the determined act plays an important role.) Such cases are similar to the compelled actions considered in the previous section, but there’s at least this difference: in those earlier cases, what compels is something “alien” to the agent: a cart, fate, an irresistible desire for a drug. But here, compulsion comes only from the agent’s own internalized system of values. This might explain why praise is more forthcoming.