 The moral of this example is that  Naive Dominance  should be restricted so that it applies only in situations in which the options between which the agent is choosing will not influence the way the world is if they are adopted. Such situations are sometimes called situations of act-state independence. In situations in which the acts (options) influence the states (of the world),  Naive Dominance  does not apply. To see how this affects the accuracy argument for Probabilism, consider the following example, which borrows from Caie’s and Greaves’ examples: