 An independent account of the flow of time, with striking similarities is to be found in Gruber, Bach and Block (2015). The flow of time has two levels of explanation, and is described as an “illusion” insofar as experience is in conflict with measurement (compare Muller-Lyer). It would appear that the levels, upper and lower, correspond to \(A\) and \(B\) concepts respectively, so that the upper level, the passage of time, is an illusion. The authors postulate two mechanisms, perceptual completion and object persistence, to account for the flow of time. Perceptual completion involves adding to an experience to complete it some way, for example apparent motion, that is phi or beta. Object persistence requires that an object be perceived as the same (thing) now as it was then. It is essentially the same mechanism that identifies an object at a time, with itself at a later time. This is conceptually necessary for an order of past/present/future, the \(A\) series. This account also has a specious present or now, which is similar to our now box.