 Steiner’s model was criticized by Resnik &amp; Kushner 1987 who questioned the absolute distinction between explanatory and non-explanatory proofs and argued that such a distinction can only be context-dependent. They also provided counterexamples to the criteria defended by Steiner. In Hafner &amp; Mancosu 2005 it is argued that Resnik and Kushner’s criticisms are insufficient as a challenge to Steiner for they rely on ascribing explanatoriness to specific proofs based not on evaluations given by practicing mathematicians but rather relying on the intuitions of the authors. By contrast, Hafner and Mancosu build their case against Steiner using a case of explanation from real analysis, recognized as such in mathematical practice, which concerns the proof of Kummer’s convergence criterion. They argue that the explanatoriness of the proof of the result in question cannot be accounted for in Steiner’s model and this criticism is instrumental in giving a careful and detailed scrutiny of various conceptual components of the model. In addition, further discussion of Steiner’s account is provided in Weber &amp; Verhoeven 2002, Pincock 2015b, Salverda 2017, and Gijsbers 2017.