 The terminology of “local realistic theories” as the targets of experimental tests of Bell inequalities was introduced by Clauser and Shimony (1978), intended as a synonym for what Clauser and Horne (1974) called “objective local theories.” The terminology was adopted by d’Espagnat (1979) and Mermin (1980). For Clauser and Shimony realism is “a philosophical view according to which external reality is assumed to exist and have definite properties, whether or not they are observed by someone” (1978, 1883). In a similar vein, d’Espagnat (1979) says that realism is “the doctrine that regularities in observed phenomena are caused by some physical reality whose existence is independent of human observers” (158). Mermin, on the other hand, takes realism to involve the condition that we have called outcome determinism (OD): “As I shall use the term here, local realism holds that one can assign a definite value to the result of an impending measurement of any component of the spin of either of the two correlated particles, whether or not that measurement is actually performed” (Mermin 1980, 356). This is not a commitment of realism in the sense of Clauser and Shimony, who explicitly consider stochastic local realistic theories .