 Several accounts identify attributes, such as the capacity to value or care, that are shared by a greater proportion of human beings than self-consciousness, practical rationality, autonomy, or moral accountability. These accounts seek to recognize the full and equal moral status of all, or almost all, human beings, including children, and of adults with significant cognitive and psychological disabilities. Among the more inclusive criteria proposed are the capacities to communicate, or for minimal communication with other humans (respectively, Berube 1996; Francis and Norman 1978); to value or care (Jaworska 1999, 2007); and to give and receive love (Kittay 1999); to form relationships characterized by reciprocity of care (Mullin 2011). Jaworska and Tannenbaum (2016 a, 2016b offer perhaps the most detailed account that grounds moral status in the capacity to form morally significant relationships. They maintain that “a being merits higher moral status” if it has the capacity to achieve, through a rearing relationship, “incomplete realizations of activities characteristic of” humans with typical psychological attributes (whom they call “self-standing persons” (SSP)) (2016b, 1098). An actual rearing relationship is not necessary, but only beings who can model Characteristic SSP activities have the requisite capacity. This excludes humans “capable of rudimentary conscious activity who nonetheless are not yet capable of modeling SSP activities in any form” (2016b, 1101)—not only early fetuses but children and adults with the most significant cognitive impairments, who will never have that capacity.