 Just as the two occurrences of ‘that’ in (15) and (16) refer to different utterances, so too the different occurrences of ‘that’ in (A) and (B) refer to different utterances. But something has evidently gone wrong if (A) does not entail (B). (This argument mirrors Kaplan’s argument the claim that the primary bearers of semantic contents are sentences-in-context, as opposed to utterances, which are concrete events. See Kaplan 1977.) This problem can be avoided if, following Rumfitt 1993, utterance-types as opposed to utterance-tokens are seen to be the referent of ‘that’.