 First, Santana argues that there are many different sorts of diversity of biological value that cannot be subsumed by any single true surrogate like species richness (Santana 2014: 768–9). For example, we often wish to conserve biomes such as old growth forests or coral reefs independent of their composition of species. Or, we might want to conserve distinct salmonoid populations even if they are of the same species. Second, assuming that there is a single or small number of true surrogates, such as species richness, ignores the fact that not all species are of equal biological value. A species of pollinator or top predator like the grey wolf is of greater than value than some species of minnow. Additionally, there are values that are only tendentiously connected to species richness like “wildness” or aesthetic value. Third, some species are of great disvalue. For example, many would argue that taxa like Ebola would be better extinguished. If this is correct, Santana contends that there is no single true surrogate through which biodiversity can be articulated. We must eliminate the notion of biodiversity.