 Fourth, legal probabilists can insist that verdicts solely based on naked statistics do not promote the goal of expected utility maximization. This is not so much because the naked statistics are bad evidence, but rather, because reliance on them may have a number of unintended costs, such as suboptimal allocation of the burden of error or lack of deterrence. In Blue Bus, for example, a verdict against the company with the largest market share might create a perverse economic incentive against larger companies (Posner 1973). It is unclear how this explanation could be extended to other cases such as Gatecrasher or Prisoner, and there are even variants of Blue Bus not susceptible to this objection (Wells 1992). Alternatively, Dahlman (2020) argues that verdicts based on naked statistical evidence do not provide any added incentive for lawful conduct because they would not make a distinction between lawful and unlawful behavior. (On deterrence and naked statistics, see also Enoch, Spectre, and Fisher 2012; Enoch and Fisher 2015).