 To elaborate the notion of mind-independent existence, consider Peter van Inwagen’s argument for the existence of numbers [van Inwagen 2016], which he describes as “a typical neo-Quinean argument”. The argument rests on two Quinean theses, van Inwagen relays. Firstly, that there is only one kind of variable, a variable that occupies nominal position, the range of which is unrestricted. Secondly, that the meanings of the quantifiers are  univocal.[1]