 For Leibniz, each monad experiences an individual succession of appetites and experiences that God has endowed it with from the creation of the world. Being fated in this way, though acting always under their own “spontaneous” power, the monads would seem to be deprived of meaningful agency and beneficiaries or victims of seemingly unjust rewards and punishments. Kant believed that locating space and time in us rather than in the world was an absolute barrier against the determinism that threatened the notion of moral responsibility (A 5:97–8; 102).