 Ashʿarite theologians also attacked Aristotelian views of causation. Some of their arguments were addressed by Arabic falāsifah. Relayed by al-Ghazālī, Ashʿarite accounts of causation contributed to the development of occasionalist doctrines in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Nadler 1996; Perler and Rudolph 2000). See the entry on  occasionalism.