 The opposite of all three types of defect is described in NB 4.1.4 as knowledge of truth (tattvajñāna), right knowledge (samyaṅmati), truthful cognition (āryaprajñā) and right apprehension (sambodha). This shows that, according to the Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika philosophers, emotions are defects because they prevent our thinking from turning into right knowledge. This knowledge can thus only be had if we eliminate these defects and thereby our emotions.