It is instructive to consider why exactly the impatient researcher can reject the null hypothesis. In virtue of his sampling plan, the other samples with five successes, namely the ones which kept the diligent researcher from including the observed sample in the region of rejection on pain of exceeding the error probability, could not have been observed. This exemplifies that the results of a classical statistical procedure do not only depend on the likelihoods for the actual data, which are indeed the same for both researchers. They also depend on the likelihoods for data that we did not obtain. 