 In any event, most foundationalists sympathetic to internalism prefer a view according to which a non-belief state provides justification for foundational belief. According to phenomenal conservatism, the justifying state is a “seeming” or “appearance”: if it seems to S that P, then, in the absence of defeaters, S thereby has some degree of justification for believing that P (Huemer 2001, 2007, 2013; Cullison 2010; Tucker 2010; Skene 2013). These appearances come in various sorts: sensory or perceptual, intellectual or intuitive, mnemonic, and introspective. Many use the term “dogmatism” to refer to the same view, or to the view restricted to some domain, typically to perception: if it perceptually seems to S that P, then, in the absence of defeaters, S thereby has some justification for believing that P.