 While in Chinese popular culture and in the Western re-invention of Daoism the “arts of the bedroom” are often seen as Daoist, sexual practices performed in the history of Daoism are of a different kind. They include the heqi (“joining breaths” or “pneumas”) ritual, practiced in the early Tianshi dao (Way of the Celestial Masters) between married couples in order to generate the “seed people” (zhongmin), who would survive the impending end of world (Raz 2012: 186–202; Kleeman 2014; Mollier 2016). Certain traditions of Neidan (Internal Alchemy) also involve sexual conjunction, performed in order to enable the male practitioner to collect the True Yang from the Yin (represented in this case by the sexual essences produced by the female). In Neidan, these practice are contrasted with qingxiu, literally meaning “pure cultivation”.