 Similarly, one can ignore the equality of the lines and have a more abstract idea representing all triangles. Ignoring the number of lines enables one to represent all plane figures, and so on. It is easy to see how this works for ideas of modes such as red, loud, painful, etc. It is noteworthy that the authors affirm that all existences are particular. Their construal of abstract ideas and the words associated with them constitutes a thoroughgoing nominalism about the signification of abstract ideas and the words associated with them.