 However, given widely held direct reference views of proper names, indexicals, and natural kind terms, views that are strongly suggested by the work of Kripke (1972), Kaplan (1977 [1989]), and Putnam (1975), it is not obvious that the existential commitments of sentences containing such terms can be removed by merely conditionalizing or ‘hedging’ the sentences. (For a useful discussion of hedging see Yeakel 2016.)