 The case of the phylogeny of turtles as well as other recent molecular studies (e.g., of the lungfish and the coelacanth, see Amemiya et al. 2013; Takezaki &amp; Nishihara 2017) illustrate a general point. Even in groups where we have extensive fossils and easily accessible living specimens with detailed anatomical and morphological studies, molecular evidence has often been taken to settle disputes and even to overturn previously widely held views. This is in part due to the sheer volume of molecular data, which can overwhelm other sources of evidence, but also because of the way molecular data may be viewed as evolving “neutrally”, i.e., as the result of mutation and genetic drift rather than natural selection (Duret 2008), and, thus, be less prone to displaying analogies (the result of convergent evolution), which can be mistaken for homologies (the result of descent from common ancestry). (An analogy is the similarity relation between two analogous characters, and is a kind of “homoplasy” relation, i.e., characters whose similarity is not due to descent from common ancestors.)