 At least in contemporary Anglo-American legal philosophy, “Legal Positivism” is generally used as a shorthand for a claim roughly along the following lines: “the existence and content of law depends on social facts and not on its merits” (Green 2009). What is the relationship between naturalism and Legal Positivism in the above-specified sense? The situation is somewhat complex because some but not all Legal Positivists are naturalists, and few have gone so far as the Scandinavian Realists in wearing their naturalism on their sleeves. In brief, however, naturalism can and sometimes has—but need not—play a role in motivating Legal Positivism.