 The difficulties for realism seem to be reinforced by the observation that measures of truthlikeness are relative to languages. The choice of conceptual frameworks cannot be decided by means of the notion of truthlikeness, but needs additional criteria. In defense of the truthlikeness approach, one may point to the fact that the comparison of two theories is relevant only in those cases where they are considered (perhaps via a suitable translation) as rival answers to the same cognitive problem. It is interesting to compare Newton’s and Einstein’s theories for their truthlikeness, but not Newton’s and Darwin’s theories. When definitions RP and EP are applied to rival theories in different languages, they have to be translated into a common conceptual framework. 