 When comparing Hume and Kant, it is a mistake to ask simply which philosopher has the best account of freedom or does the best job of reconciling freedom and necessity. They disagree about both causal necessity and the question of which idea of freedom “it concerns us to preserve”. As a result, they focus on somewhat different topics. Hume concentrates on what happens downstream from the will, that is, on how motives determine action. But Kant’s attention is focused on what happens upstream—on the question of what determines the will. It seems fair to say that from Kant’s perspective, Hume’s notion of liberty is thin gruel, no better than “the freedom of a turnspit” (CPrR 5:97) or the freedom exhibited by a self-moving clock (CPrR 5:96). It also seems fair to say that from Hume’s perspective, Kant’s notion of free will is, at best, a misguided fiction.