 Mechanism, first introduced in section 7 above, came to dominate the philosophy of neuroscience throughout the second decade of the twenty-first century. One much-discussed example is Gualtiero Piccinini and Carl Craver (2011). The authors employ two popular mechanistic notions. Their first is the multi-level, nested hierarchies of mechanisms-within-mechanisms perspective, discussed in section 7 above, that traces back to Craver and Darden (2001). Their second is that of “mechanism sketch”, suggested initially in Machamer, Darden, and Craver (2000) and developed in detail in Craver (2007). Piccinini and Craver’s goal is to “seamlessly” situate psychology as part of an “integrated framework” alongside neuroscience. They interpret psychology’s familiar functional analyses of cognitive capacities as relatively incomplete mechanism-sketches, which leave out many components of the mechanisms that ultimately will fully explain the system’s behavior. Neuroscience in turn fills in these missing components, dynamics, and organizations, at least ones found in nervous systems. This filling-in thereby turns psychology’s mechanism-sketches into full-blown mechanistic explanations. So even though psychology proceeds via functional analyses, so interpreted it is nonetheless mechanistic. Piccinini and Craver realize that their “integrated” account clashes with classical “autonomy” claims for psychology vis-à-vis neuroscience. Nevertheless, they insist that their challenge to classical “autonomy” does not commit them to “reductionism”, in either its classical or more recent varieties. Their commitment to nested hierarchy of mechanisms-within-mechanisms to account for a system’s behavior acknowledges the importance of mechanisms and intralevel causation at all levels constituting the system, not just at lower (i.e., cellular, molecular) levels.