 Unlike restriction, which remained (and remains) a popular view, the theory of “cassation” disappeared very early (though it has its contemporary advocates). It is maintained in the earliest known treatise on insolubles (De Rijk 1966) and in one other early anonymous text (Spade 1975: 43–44), but seems to have died out after about 1225, although it continued to be mentioned in later authors’ surveys of previous views, no doubt because of its inclusion in Bradwardine’s own survey. It was briefly revived by John Dumbleton in the 1340s: see   Section 3.6  and Spade 1975 item XXXVI, pp. 63–5). His essential idea was that signification requires uptake, so any utterance which cannot be understood cannot constitute a proposition—and the insolubles defy understanding, for self-reference generates a regress of deferred intelligibility.