 How does Ŭisang communicate his understanding of the concept of “perfect interfusion” in his writings? Although the following is not exhaustive, he explicates this idea by crafting a powerful and instructive visual image, and articulated an all-embracing concept of the universal dharma understanding of “perfect interfusion”. Originally titled, Diagram of the Dharmadhātu of the One Vehicle of Hwaŏm (Hwaŏm ilsŭng pŏpgyedo 華嚴一乘法界圖), the Ocean Seal Diagram (Sāgaramudrā Maṇḍala), is arranged like a wavelike form, which symbolizes the Dharma Realm together with the Hwaŏm teaching of the “six marks” (yuksang):  universality mark (ch’ongsang 總相) and particularity mark (pyŏlgsang 別相);  sameness (identity) mark (tongsang 同相) and  difference mark (yisang 異相);  formation (integration) mark (sŏngsang 成相) and disintegration mark (kwoesang 壞相).  In other words, awakening to the reality of one’s existence is explained here through one’s awakening to the simultaneity of contrasting marks. One is thus awakened to the simultaneous existence of the universal in the particular, or the noumenon in the phenomenon. Thus, saṃsāra and nirvāṇa are always harmonized together. Particular Phenomena (sa 事) and universal Principle (i 理) are completely merged without distinction (Ŭisang Hwaŏm ilsŭng pŏpgye to; see also P. Lee 1993: 161–3).