 The most obvious contrast here is with W.V.O. Quine, who criticised second-order logic as “set-theory in sheep’s clothing” and rejected tense and modal logics on philosophical grounds (Quine 1986 (Chapter 5), 1953, 1966; Burgess 1997, 2012). Such a stand-off is quite intriguing, given Quine’s rejection of such “Philosophy-First” approaches in epistemology more generally. 