 In fact, Auriol is a conceptualist. By this it is merely meant that, for Auriol, only singulars (i.e. individuals) have real, extra-mental existence. As Auriol writes: “every thing, insofar as it exists, exists as a singular” (omnis res, eo quod est, singulariter est). Moreover, Auriol states explicitly that there is no principle of individuation — individuals just are individuals and their individuality needs no further explanation. This is one of the most basic of Auriol’s metaphysical principles, and it necessarily entails that universality and universals are mental phenomena, fabricated in some way by the intellect. Thus, for Auriol, the individuality of singular things does not need explaining, but the formation of universal concepts on the basis of these individuals does need explaining. What is important for understanding Auriol’s conceptualism, then, is explicating his theory of intellectual cognition: determining the process by which the intellect fabricates these universal concepts, determining what these universal concepts are, and what relation they have to really existing singulars in the world.