 To decide which version of this relation is the correct one, one has to adjudicate between the various competing conceptions of causation in the law that we have examined. To have a baseline of comparison, one must also resolve the many conundrums surrounding the search for the true metaphysics of causation in philosophy; among other things, this involves hiving off all the features of ordinary usage of “cause” that are merely pragmatic features of appropriate utterance rather than semantic features fixing the reference of the term. These are daunting tasks to be done on both sides of the equation. To complete them, truly the lawyer must “adventure himself with philosophers in the logical and metaphysical controversies that beset the idea of cause” (Pollack 1901: 36). For philosophical lawyers and legal philosophers, that will not be a cost but a benefit.