 (2) Substantive responsibility is relevant when we ask whether a person’s actions change her obligations to others, and their obligations to him or her. “Making a promise, handing over some money, taking a risk, or choosing not to avail oneself of an opportunity can change a person’s obligations to others, and theirs to him or her, if the person is responsible for doing these things.” (Scanlon 2015, pp. 89–90) We return to the contractualist account of substantive responsibility in section 10.