 However, fair prices cannot be associated with actual market prices because we often want to claim that actual market prices are unfair. Thus, while markets’ ability to make prices reflect goods’ scarcity and others demand for them may take us some way towards a procedure for generating a fair price, it seems that the conditions in which markets operate must also be fair themselves. Alan Wertheimer (1996) has argued that the fair price is the price that goods would fetch in a hypothetical competitive market that excludes asymmetries of information and undue pressure. Wertheimer argues that “fair market value” prices are prices at which neither party takes special unfair advantage of the other party’s decision-making capacity or special vulnerabilities in the other party’s situation (232). Such a price, he notes, “may or may not be a ‘just price’, all things considered, but it may well be a non-exploitative price” (232). Although the fair market value approach enjoys some intuitive appeal, it is unclear that Wertheimer’s conditions of pressure and full information are required for fair prices.