 Schleiermacher’s commitment to humanity implies a commitment to moral cosmopolitanism, or moral respect for all human beings. But, as we have just seen, he espouses this commitment despite, or even in part because of, a recognition of their moral diversity. This constitutes a novel form of moral cosmopolitanism: a pluralist cosmopolitanism that sharply contrasts with the homogenizing cosmopolitanism of the philosophical tradition (e.g., the Stoics and Kant), which had instead been predicated on an assumption of moral uniformity. This innovation had already been anticipated by Herder, but Schleiermacher embraces it even more clearly. It is arguably the single most important contribution to philosophical reflection on cosmopolitanism of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. 