 Consider a hypothetical society in which there are two groups of people, of equal size and with equal assets. They do not interact economically, that is, they produce and consume in isolation from each other. But they interact ideologically in the following way. Group \(R\) has a puritan religion that makes the members work long hours and produce much, but the religion only motivates them to work if they have before their eyes the lazy group \(S\) whom they smugly believe to be condemned to eternal suffering. Group \(S\) members work short hours, because they wrongly think that the rigid and to them abhorrent life style of group \(R\) is due to the long working hours, not to the religion. (Elster 1982: 369)