 According to Hume, moral judgments typically concern the character traits and motives behind human actions. To make a moral judgment is to detect, by means of a sentiment, the operation of a virtuous or vicious quality of mind. The sentiment here is a “peculiar” kind of feeling—namely, a feeling of approval (love, pride) or disapproval (hatred, humility) (T 3.3.1.3). We call the traits that elicit our approval “virtues”, and those that elicit our disapproval “vices”. Sentiments of approval and disapproval are passions, but they tend to be “soft and gentle” and therefore easily mistaken for thoughts or ideas (T 3.1.2.1). The real story is that “morality… is more properly felt than judg’d of” (T 3.1.2.1). Reason and experience are required for determining the likely effects of a given motive or character trait, so reason does play an important role in moral judgment. Yet reason’s role is subordinate. It is one thing to say that a given trait tends to be useful or conducive to pleasure and quite another to say that it is “good” or “virtuous”. The moral value of a trait is conferred by the sentiment of approval, which “gilding and staining all natural objects with the colours, borrowed from internal sentiment, raises, in a manner, a new creation” (EPM App. I.21). Hume argues, however, that only those sentiments experienced from a “general point of view” count as genuinely moral (T 3.1.2.4). For example, a person might hate or envy the courage of her enemy but this is not necessarily a moral response. The moral sentiment is experienced when she considers her enemy’s courage from a “general point of view” (T 3.1.2.4). When a person considers things from this point of view, she looks upon them as a “judicious spectator”, who is disinterested but still emotionally responsive to the scene she beholds (Cohon 2008: 126–58). Rather than eliminating her sentiments, the judicious spectator enlarges them by means of sympathy, which enables her to resent the misery of others or rejoice in their happiness. (On sympathy, see Owen 2009 and Taylor 2015: 189–94.)