  Sandel recognizes that many parents already exert excessive influence on their children’s lives, and may fail to love them unconditionally, but he worries that genetic technologies will only exasperate that tendency. Even though we might undertake genetic practices for the benefit of our offspring, in so doing, we make them into creatures who must be indebted to us for their gifts, and for whom our love may be conditional on fulfilling our desires. If a parent designs a child to be a certain way, her investment will increase the parent’s demands. In a similar vein, Kass (2003) notes that parental hopes will become parental expectations if we allow the designing of children. The concern about parental expectations and how choice might affect the unconditional love we envision for parents is also explored by disability scholars (Kittay and Kittay 2000; Asch and Wasserman 2005).