 More specifically, their analyses led them to conclude that the connections between certain individual names (ming), which were simply understood as arbitrary entities of language, were multi-layered and incoherent. While some compound terms could embrace semantic scopes that extended beyond all the partial meanings of the individual mings (i.e., the linguistic entities of which they were compounded), in other instances the exact opposite was true (Mozi CTP: Jing xia, 102).