 But \(\forall\) and \(Q^R\) are not Ext. Yet one is inclined to say for them too that they mean the same on every universe. The case of \(\forall\) is particularly interesting since one might argue that it interprets NPs like everything or every thing. The crux here is thing. If this expression is seen as a logical constant that always denotes the universe, then these NPs do denote \(\forall\): for all M and all \(B\subseteq M\),