 But if ‘patient who respects every doctor’ and ‘patient who saw every lawyer’ are nonrelational, much like ‘old patient’ or ‘young patient’, then (12) has the following form: every O is S, and some Y R every D; so some Y is S. And many inferences of this form are invalid. For example: every otter is sick, and some yak respects every doctor; so some yak is sick. Again, one can abstract a valid schema that covers (12), letting parentheses indicate a relative clause that restricts the adjacent predicate.