 Addams became one of the most respected and recognized individuals in the nation. She played a crucial role in numerous progressive campaigns. Addams was a founding figure in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom. Her popularity was such that when Theodore Roosevelt sought the presidential nomination of the Progressive Party in 1912, he asked Jane Addams to second the nomination, the first time a woman had participated in such an act. There was a gendered dimension to this popularity, however. Addams had challenged the borders of the public and private spheres through her work at Hull House. Still, her forays into masculine domains were masked by the “social housekeeping” characterization of the settlement activism. After World War I broke out in Europe, her outspoken pacifism and refusal to endorse the war or the U.S. entry into it was more gender role transgression than the public could tolerate from a woman. Addams’ popularity fell, and she became the victim of vicious gender-specific criticism. Biographer Allen Davis reports that one writer indicated that what Addams needed to disabuse her of her pacifism was “a strong, forceful husband who would lift the burden of fate from her shoulders and get her intensely interested in fancy work and other things dear to the heart of women who have homes and plenty of time on their hands” (240). A reporter for the Los Angeles Times quipped,