 Critics have argued that public reason liberals embrace excessively indeterminate conceptions of justice. The ideal of public justification cannot make determinate recommendations. Gaus (2011) presses this objection against Rawlsian conceptions of public justification, resolving indeterminacy by appealing to actual evolutionary mechanisms (see 2.7.4). This “normalization” objection rejects attempts to avoid indeterminacy by adopting homogenizing assumptions. (D’Agostino 2003)