 It is just not true that if the proposition expressed by [an utterance of John killed Bill] is true that, then “in virtue of [natural language] so, necessarily, is” the proposition expressed by [an utterance of Bill is dead]. Rather, if the proposition that, according to the grammar of English, is expressed by [an utterance of John killed Bill] is true, then, in virtue of the structure of the propositions concerned, the proposition that, according to the grammar of English, is expressed by [an utterance of Bill is dead] must also be true.--(D. Israel, 1991, p. 71, emphasis added)